Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2234 1615671 1604787 2026-11-08T11:29:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kwa|vita za pili za dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia}} [[Picha:Map 1914 WWI Alliances.jpg|thumb|Shirikiano za kijeshi katika Ulaya mwaka 1915. Nyekundu: [[Mataifa ya Kati]]; kijani: [[Mataifa ya Ushirikiano]]; njano: mataifa yasiyoshiriki vita|271x271px]] [[Picha:WWImontage.jpg|thumb|350 px|right|Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia: &lt;br /&gt;1.Mifereji huko Verdun (Ufaransa) baada ya kulimwa kwa mizinga mikubwa; &lt;br /&gt;2. Ndege za kijeshi na faru za kwanza; &lt;br /&gt;3. bunduki ya mtombo na manowari]] [[Picha:WWI.png|thumb|400px|Ramani ya dunia ikionyesha nchi na maeneo yaliyoshiriki katika Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia. Kijani: [[Mataifa ya Ushirikiano]]; njano: [[Mataifa ya Kati]] ; nchi zisizoshiriki kwa rangi ya kijivu]] '''Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia (pia: Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia)''' ilikuwa vita iliyopigwa kuanzia mwaka [[1914]] hadi [[1918]]. Mataifa wapiganaji yalikuwa [[Ujerumani]], [[Austria-Hungaria]], [[Bulgaria]] na [[Uturuki]] (ziliitwa "Mataifa ya Kati", [[ing.]] ''central powers'') kwa upande mmoja dhidi ya [[Ufaransa]], [[Urusi]], [[Uingereza]], [[Italia]], [[Marekani]] na nchi mbalimbali zilizoshirikiana nazo (zilitwa "Mataifa ya Ushirikiano", ing. ''allied powers''). Sababu halisi ya vita hivyo ilikuwa mauaji ya Archduke Franz Ferdinand wa Austria-Hungaria huko Sarajevo mwaka 1914, lakini mvutano wa ndani ulikuwa ukikua kwa miaka mingi kutokana na utimilifu wa kijeshi, miungano, ubeberu, na utaifa. Vita vilienea haraka kote barani [[Ulaya]] na zaidi ya hapo, vikihusisha nchi kutoka [[Asia]], [[Afrika]], na [[Amerika]]. Vita vya mahandaki ''(Trench warfare)'' vilikuwa sifa kuu ya Uwanja wa Magharibi ''(Western Front)'', ambako wanajeshi walikabiliwa na mazingira magumu, hali iliyosababisha vifo vingi na taswira ya vita isiyosonga mbele. Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia vilianzisha teknolojia mpya za kijeshi kama vile mizinga, ndege za kivita, bunduki za mashine, na silaha za kemikali, ambazo zilifanya vita hivyo kuwa vya umwagaji damu mkubwa. Kufikia mwisho wa vita mwaka 1918, inakadiriwa kuwa watu milioni 16 walikuwa wamefariki. Vita vilimalizika kwa kutiwa saini kwa ''Mkataba wa Versailles'' mwaka 1919, ambao uliweka adhabu kali kwa [[Ujerumani]] na kubadilisha mipaka ya [[Ulaya]] na [[Mashariki ya Kati]]. Matokeo ya Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia, yakiwemo misukosuko ya kisiasa na matatizo ya [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], yalipelekea mazingira yaliyosababisha [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]] miaka ishirini baadaye. == Sababu na matokeo == '''Sababu yake''' ilikuwa mashindano makali kati ya mataifa ya [[Ulaya]] kuhusu kushika nafasi ya [[kipaumbele]] barani Ulaya na duniani kote. '''Matokeo yake''' yalikuwa mwisho wa kipaumbele cha Ulaya duniani na kupanda ngazi kwa Marekani, [[mapinduzi]] katika nchi mbalimbali, mwisho wa falme za Ujerumani, [[Austria]] na Urusi pamoja na mwanzo wa utawala wa [[Ukomunisti|kikomunisti]] katika Urusi, mwisho wa Dola la Austria-Hungaria na wa Milki ya Osmani pamoja na mwisho wa [[ukoloni]] wa Kijerumani duniani. Katika Ulaya nchi mpya zilijitokeza kama vile [[Chekoslovakia]], [[Ufini]], [[Latvia]], [[Estonia]], na [[Yugoslavia]] pamoja na nchi za zamani zilizotokea tena katika uwanja wa kimataifa ndizo [[Austria]], [[Hungaria]], [[Lithuania]] na [[Polandi]]. Katika Mashariki ya Kati Uturuki ilianzishwa kama nchi mpya, ilhali kipindi kifupi cha ukoloni wa Uingereza na Ufaransa kilianza huko [[Syria]], [[Iraq]] na [[Lebanoni]]. [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] liliundwa kama chombo cha kwanza kilicholenga kuunganisha nchi zote za Dunia na kuzuia vita mpya. Koloni za awali za Ujerumani na majimbo ya Kiarabu ya Milki ya Osmani [[Eneo la kudhaminiwa|zilidhaminiwa]] kwa Uingereza na Ufaransa kwa niaba ya Shirikisho, hatua iliyoweka maeneo haya chini ya uangalizi wa kimataifa, tofauti na koloni za kawaida. == Hali kabla ya vita == Sehemu kubwa ya Ulaya iliwahi kuwa na kipindi kirefu cha [[amani]] tangu [[Vita ya Ufaransa dhidi ya Ujerumani ya 1870|vita kati ya Ufaransa na Ujerumani]] mnamo [[1870]]-[[1871]]. Mataifa ya Ulaya yalikuwa na mfumo wa mikataba na mapatano kati yao yaliyolenga kuhakikisha uwiano wa mataifa. Mataifa makubwa ya Ulaya yalikuwa Uingereza, Ufaransa, Ujerumani, Urusi na Italia pamoja na milki ya [[Austria-Hungaria]]. Hali ilikuwa tofauti katika Kusini-Mashariki mwa bara hilo. Hadi nusu ya pili ya [[karne ya 19]] sehemu kubwa ya [[Balkani]] ilitawaliwa na [[Milki ya Osmani]] iliyokuwa milki ya [[Uislamu|Kiislamu]] ya kutawala [[Wakristo]] wengi. Milki hii iliendelea kudhoofika wakati wa karne ya 19. Nchi mbalimbali zilijitenga na kupata [[uhuru]], kama vile [[Ugiriki]], [[Serbia]], [[Bulgaria]] na [[Romania]]. Nchi hizi mpya zilipigana kivita kati yao na Milki ya Osmani hadi mwaka 1912. == Mwanzo wa vita == Vita Kuu ilianza kutokana na [[ugomvi]] kati ya Austria-Hungaria na [[Serbia]]. Kutokana na muundo wa mikataba ya kusaidiana kati ya nchi za Ulaya mwanzo huo ulisababisha mfululizo wa hali ya vita kati ya mataifa, na mengine ya [[Balkani]] yaliyotafuta uhuru wao. Tarehe [[28 Juni]] [[1914]] katika [[mji]] wa [[Sarayevo]], [[Bosnia]], [[mwana]] wa [[Kaisari|Kaizari]] wa Austria aliyekuwa mfalme mteule aliuawa pamoja na [[mke]] wake na [[ugaidi|mgaidi]] [[Serbia|Mserbia]] mwanachama wa kundi la "[[Mkono Mweusi]]" lililopinga utawala wa Austria-Hungaria katika [[Bosnia]]. Austria iliamuru [[Serbia]] ifuate masharti makali katika [[uchunguzi]] wa tendo lile. Serbia ilipokataa sehemu ya mwisho ya masharti, Austria ilitangaza hali ya vita dhidi ya Serbia tarehe [[28 Julai]] [[1914]]. Agosti ya 1914 iliona kupanuka kwa vita hiyo: Warusi walikuwa na mkataba wa usaidizi na Serbia wakatangaza hali ya vita dhidi ya Austria-Hungaria. Hapo wakaingia Wajerumani waliokuwa na mapatano ya usaidizi na Austria-Hungaria wakitangaza hali ya vita dhidi ya Urusi. Urusi kwa upande wake ulikuwa na mkataba wa kusaidiana na Ufaransa, kwa hivyo hali ya vita ikajitokeza pia kati ya Ufaransa na Ujerumani. Ujerumani ilishambulia Ufaransa kwa kuingia Ubelgiji na kupigana na jeshi la nchi hiyo. Mashambulio hayo yalisababisha Uingereza kujiunga na vita dhidi ya Ujerumani. [[Japan]] iliyokuwa na mkataba wa kusaidana na Uingereza tangu mwaka 1902 iliona nafasi ya kukamata koloni za Ujerumani katika [[Pasifiki|Bahari Pasifiki]] ikaingia upande wa maadui wa Ujerumani. Kuanzia Oktoba 1914 [[Milki ya Osmani]] ([[Uturuki]]) ilijiunga na vita kufuatana na mkataba wake wa siri na Ujerumani. Mwaka [[1915]] Italia ilijiunga na Wafaransa na Waingereza kwa kushambulia Austria-Hungaria iliyotawala bado maeneo katika kaskazini ya [[rasi ya Italia]], ingawa awali ilikuwa na mkataba na [[dola]] hilo. == Vita katika nchi mbalimbali == Vita ilipigwa kwa ukali miaka ya 1914-1918. Wajerumani waliingia ndani ya Ufaransa lakini walikwama kabla ya kufikia [[jiji kuu]] la [[Paris]]. Kwa muda mrefu mstari wa mapambano ulibaki palepale. Katika Mashariki Wajerumani na Waaustria walifaulu kurudisha mashambulio ya Kirusi na kuteka sehemu za Urusi. Katika Kusini mwa Ulaya Waustria walifaulu kwa shida kubwa kuteka Serbia na [[Montenegro]] pamoja na [[Albania]]. Mapigano dhidi ya Italia yalikwama kwenye [[milima ya Alpi]]. Waosmani walishindwa kwa ujumla katika mashambulio yao dhidi ya Warusi katika eneo la [[Kaukazi]] na dhidi ya Waingereza katika [[Misri]]. Lakini walifaulu kuzuia Waingereza wasifike [[Uturuki]] penyewe. Waingereza walipeleka jeshi katika [[Irak]] ya kusini wakafaulu kuwarudisha Waosmani hadi kaskazini ya nchi hii. == Vita katika makoloni == ^{Tazama makala kuu: [[Kampeni za Kivita katika Afrika ya Mashariki (Vita ya Kwanza ya Dunia)|Vita Kuu ya Kwanza katika Afrika ya Mashariki]]} Vita ilienea haraka [[bahari]]ni na katika koloni za Ujerumani zilizovamiwa na Waingereza, Wafaransa, [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Japani]]. Koloni hizo zilikuwepo [[Afrika]] na kwenye [[visiwa vya Pasifiki]] pamoja na [[China]]. Ujerumani ilikuwa na vikosi vya kijeshi katika koloni za Afrika na pia huko [[Qingdao]] nchini [[China]]. Kwa ujumla koloni zote zisizokuwa na [[jeshi]] zilitekwa na mataifa ya ushirikiano bila mapigano. * [[Afrika ya Kusini-Magharibi ya Kijerumani]] ilivamiwa na Afrika Kusini na [[jeshi la ulinzi la Kijerumani]] likajisalimisha mnamo Julai 1915. * [[Kamerun]] ilivamiwa na Ufaransa na Uingereza kutoka koloni zao za [[Nigeria]] na [[Afrika ya Kati ya Kifaransa]]. Wajerumani wakajisalimisha katika Februari [[1916]]. * [[Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani]] ilikuwa mahali pa mapigano yaliyoendelea kwa miaka yote ya vita. Jeshi la Ulinzi la Kijerumani lililoitwa [[Schutztruppe]] chini ya uongozi wa [[Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck]] lilifaulu kutetea eneo la koloni dhidi ya mashambulio ya kwanza ya Waingereza kutoka [[Kenya]] hadi 1916. Kwenye Novemba 1914 jeshi la [[askari]] 8,000 kutoka [[Uhindi]] lilishindwa kwenye [[mapigano ya Tanga]]. Hadi mwanzo wa 1916 Waingereza walikusanya jeshi kubwa kutoka Afrika Kusini na Uhindi wakafaulu kutwaa sehemu kubwa ya koloni hadi Agosti 1916. Jeshi la Schutztruppe likaendelea kushika sehemu ya kusini ya koloni hadi [[1917]] ilipopaswa kuhamia eneo la [[Ureno|Kireno]] katika [[Msumbiji]]. Waingereza na Wareno walishindwa kulishika kundi la Kijerumani. Mwaka 1918 Lettow-Vorbeck alirudi [[Tanganyika]] akaingia [[Rhodesia ya Kaskazini]] alipoambiwa na Waingereza mnamo Novemba 1918 ya kwamba vita ya Ulaya ilikwisha tayari. == Mwisho wa vita == Wakati 1917 mataifa ya Ulaya yalionyesha [[dalili]] za [[uchovu]]. Katika hali hiyo ma[[badiliko]] mawili makubwa yalitokea: Marekani ilijiunga na vita dhidi ya Wajerumani na Urusi ilikuwa na [[Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya 1917|mapinduzi]] yaliyolazimisha [[serikali]] mpya kutia [[sahihi]] mapatano ya kumaliza vita dhidi ya Ujerumani iliyoteka maeneo makubwa ya Urusi. Nguvu ya Marekani ilionekana haraka na [[bahati]] ya Ujerumani ilipungua sana. Austria-Hungaria ilidhoofishwa vilevile. Mwaka 1918 iliona mwisho wa vita. Jeshi la Kiosmani lilishindwa hadi serikali ya milki kuomba kusimamishwa kwa vita. Mataifa ya ushirikiano yalikaribia mipaka ya Ujerumani na hapo mgomo wa wanamaji ilifuatwa na migomo ya wafanyakazi katika viwanda vikubwa iliyosababisha mapinduzi yaliyoangusha serikali ya Kaisari Wilhelm II. Migomo ya wanajeshi ililazimisha Austria-Hungaria kuomba kusimamisha vita. Milki za Austria na Uturuki zilikwisha zikagawiwa na sehemu zao zilikuwa nchi mpya au nchi zilizoundwa upya. == Mkutano wa Paris == Mwaka [[1919]] mataifa washindi walikutana Paris (Ufaransa) wakikubaliana ma[[sharti]] ya kumaliza hali ya vita dhidi ya Mataifa ya Kati. Mikataba mbalimbali iliandaliwa kati ya washindi na kuwekwa mbele ya nchi zilizoshindwa. Mikataba hii ilikuwa: * [[Mkataba wa Versailles]] na Ujerumani ([[28 Juni]] [[1919]]), * [[Mkataba wa Saint-Germain]] na Austria ([[10 Septemba]] 1919), * [[Mkataba wa Neuilly]] na Bulgaria ([[27 Novemba]] 1919), * [[Mkataba wa Trianon]] na Hungaria ([[4 Juni 1920]]), * [[Mkataba wa Sèvres]] na [[Milki ya Osmani]] ([[Uturuki]]) ([[10 Agosti]] 1920; ukasahihishwa na [[mkataba wa Lausanne]] ([[24 Julai]] [[1923]]). Mkutano wa Paris ulitoa masharti makali dhidi ya Ujerumani katika [[Mkataba wa Versailles]]. Ujerumani uliondolowa makoloni yote yaliyokabidhiwa kwa niaba ya [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] kama [[maeneo ya kukabidhiwa]] kwa Uingereza, Ufaransa, Ubelgiji, Japani, [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Australia]]. Mkutano wa Paris ulikuwa jaribio la kuunda [[utaratibu]] mpya duniani uliotakiwa kulindwa na Shirikisho la Mataifa. Lakini ukosefu wa nguvu kwa upande wa Shirikisho la Mataifa pamoja na kuanza na kupanuka kwa mwendo mpya wa [[Ufashisti|Kifashisti]] iliyochukua utawala katika Italia na Ujerumani vilishinda nia hiyo. [[Wataalamu]] wasio wachache wanasema mwisho wa vita kuu ya kwanza ulipanda tayari [[mbegu]] za [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]]. Ni kwamba Wajerumani na wakazi wa nchi nyingine zilizoshindwa walijiona wamekosewa haki, lakini pia Waitalia walioshinda kwa gharama kubwa ya [[damu]] walijiona wamedanganywa kwa kutotimiziwa [[ahadi]] walizopewa ili wasaliti Ujerumani na Austria-Hungaria na kuingia vitani upande wa pili. Hivyo vyama vya [[mrengo wa kulia]] viliweza kupata nguvu na hatimaye kupanga [[kisasi]]. ==Vita ya kwanza ya Dunia?== Vita hii ilitwa "Vita ya Dunia" kwa sababu mapigano yalisambaa kote duniani. Sehemu kubwa ya mapigano yalitokea Ulaya na Asia ya Magharibi lakini pia katika makoloni ya Afrika, Asia na Pasifiki. Nchi za Amerika hazikuona mapigano kwenye [[nchi kavu]] lakini [[manowari]] za Ujerumani zilipigana na mataifa ya ushirikiano mbele ya [[pwani]] za Marekani na [[Amerika Kusini]]. Ilikuwa pia vita ya kwanza iliyopigwa kote duniani ilhali habari zake ziliweza kufika katika muda wa masaa au siku chache kwa mataifa yote kutokana na upatikanaji wa vyombo vya mawasiliano hasa [[simu]] za kimataifa na [[redio]]. Lakini kwa kweli haikuwa vita ya kwanza ya "Dunia" maana [[vita ya miaka saba]] ([[1756]]-[[1762]]) ilipigwa tayari kwenye mabara yote ya Dunia baina ya nchi zenye koloni, hasa Uingereza, Ufaransa na [[Hispania]]. ==Tazama pia== *[[Kampeni za Kivita katika Afrika ya Mashariki (Vita ya Kwanza ya Dunia)]] ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist|25em}} <references/> ==Marejeo== {{Refbegin|30em}} *{{citation|author-link=American Battle Monuments Commission|title=American Armies and Battlefields in Europe: A History, Guide, and Reference Book|publisher=US Government Printing Office|year=1938|url=http://www.secstate.wa.gov/history/ww1/maps.aspx|oclc=59803706|author=American Battle Monuments Commission}} *{{citation|title=Army Art of World War I|publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]]: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of American History|year=1993|url=http://www.secstate.wa.gov/history/publications_detail.aspx?p=28|oclc=28608539|author1=}} *{{citation|last=Bade|first=Klaus J|last2=Brown|first2=Allison (tr.)|title=Migration in European History|series=The making of Europe|location=Oxford|publisher=Blackwell|year=2003|isbn=0-631-18939-4|oclc=52695573}} (translated from the German) *{{citation|last=Baker|first=Kevin|title=Stabbed in the Back! 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Y. Crowell|year=1969|oclc=164543865|isbn=0-213-17961-X}} *{{citation|last=Westwell|first=Ian|title=World War I Day by Day|publisher=MBI Publishing|location=St. Paul, Minnesota|year=2004|pages=192pp|isbn=0-7603-1937-5|oclc=57533366}} *{{citation|last=Wilgus|first=William John|title=Transporting the A. E. F. in Western Europe, 1917–1919|location=New York|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1931|oclc=1161730}} *{{citation|last=Willmott|first=H.P.|year=2003|title=World War I|location=New York|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|isbn=0-7894-9627-5|oclc=52541937}} *{{citation|last=Winegard|first=Timothy|title=Here at Vimy: A Retrospective&nbsp;– The 90th Anniversary of the Battle of Vimy Ridge|journal=Canadian Military Journal|volume=8|issue=2|url=http://www.journal.forces.gc.ca/vo8/no2/winegard-eng.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916183650/http://www.journal.forces.gc.ca/vo8/no2/winegard-eng.asp|access-date=2014-07-13|archive-date=2018-09-16|url-status=dead}} *{{citation|last=Winter|first=Denis|title=The First of the Few: Fighter Pilots of the First World War|year=1983|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-14-005256-5}} *{{citation|last=Wohl|first=Robert|title=The Generation of 1914|edition=3|year=1979|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-34466-2}} *{{citation|last=Zieger|first=Robert H|title=America's Great War: World War I and the American experience|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|location=Lanham, Maryland|year=2001|page=50|isbn=0-8476-9645-6}} *{{citation|periodical=The Economist|title=History in brief (Israel)|date=28 July 2005|url=http://www.economist.com/node/4221793|accessdate=30 December 2008|author=<!-- not available -->}} *{{citation|author=Israeli Foreign Ministry|title=Ottoman Rule|publisher=Jewish Virtual Library|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Ottoman.html|accessdate=30 December 2008}} {{Refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.firstworldwar.com/ A multimedia history of World War I] * [http://www.greatwar.nl/ The Heritage of the Great War/ First World War. Graphic color photos, pictures and music, Netherlands] {{Wayback|url=http://www.greatwar.nl/ |date=20050213101606 }} * [http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Main_Page The World War I Document Archive] Wiki, Brigham Young University * [http://maps.omniatlas.com/europe/19140905/ Maps of Europe] {{Wayback|url=http://maps.omniatlas.com/europe/19140905/ |date=20140705003752 }} covering the history of World War I at omniatlas.com * [http://www.europeana1914-1918.eu/en Your Family History of World War I&nbsp;– Europeana 1914–1918](Crowd-sourcing project) * [http://project.efg1914.eu/ EFG1914&nbsp;– Film digitisation project on First World War] * [http://www.europeanfilmgateway.eu/node/33/efg1914/multilingual%3A1 WWI Films on the European Film Gateway] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140709003435/http://digitalcollections.library.ubc.ca/cdm/landingpage/collection/WWIphoto World War I British press photograph collection] – A sampling of images distributed by the British government during the war to diplomats overseas, from the UBC Library Digital Collections * [http://www.britishpathe.com/workspaces/page/ww1-the-definitive-collection The British Pathé WW1 Film Archive] {{Wayback|url=http://www.britishpathe.com/workspaces/page/ww1-the-definitive-collection |date=20190324234810 }} ===Ramani hai=== * [http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome06/ An animated map "Europe plunges into war"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome06/ |date=20200604165152 }} * [http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome03/ An animated map of Europe at the end of the war] {{Wayback|url=http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome03/ |date=20200604165145 }} [[Jamii:Vita]] [[Jamii:Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|*]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Historia]] 0n7hzvhkz6kjhg4sd9kenlg05e0ed2t 0 2404 1615246 1614735 2026-11-07T13:08:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|Uhabeshi}} {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_rasmi=Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Shirikisho la Ethiopia |jina_asili=የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ ([[Kiamhara]]) |bendera=Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|wimbo=ወደፊት ገስግሺ ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ<br>"Mbele Tembea, Mama Mpendwa Ethiopia"<br>[[File:Wedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg]] |nembo=Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg|ramani=Ethiopia (Africa orthographic projection).svg |ramani2=Ethiopia.png |serikali=[[Jamhuri ya shirikisho]] |majira_saa=+3<br>([[Saa za Afrika Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]]) |majina_viongozi=[[Sahle-Work Zewde]]<br>[[Abiy Ahmed]] |vyeo_viongozi={{*}}Rais<br>{{*}}Waziri Mkuu |tld=.et |iso3166=ET |msimbo_simu=+251 |fedha=[[Birr ya Ethiopia]] |lugha_rasmi=[[Kiafar]]<br>[[Kiamhara]]<br>[[Kioromo]]<br>[[Kisomali]]<br>[[Kitigrinya]] |eneo_jumla=1 104 300 <ref name="worldfactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Ethiopia|access-date=23 March 2024|year=2023}}</ref> |watu_kadirio=116 462 712<ref name="worldfactbook" />|pato={{ongezeko}} USD bilioni 192.013<ref name="IMFWEO.ET">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=644,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Ethiopia) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=12 October 2023}}</ref>|mwaka_pato=2024|pato_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 1 787.176<ref name="IMFWEO.ET" />|pato_halisi={{ongezeko}} USD bilioni 393.297<ref name="IMFWEO.ET" />|pato_halisi_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 3 719<ref name="IMFWEO.ET" />|mwaka_maendeleo=2021|maendeleo={{ongezeko}} 0.498<ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[Mradi wa Maendeleo wa Umoja wa Mataifa]]|date=September 8, 2022|access-date=September 8, 2022}}</ref> - {{duni}}|mji_mkuu=[[Addis Ababa]]|latd=9|latm=1|latNS=N|longd=38|longm=45|longEW=E}} '''Ethiopia''' (kwa [[Kiamhari]]: ኢትዮጵያ ''Ityopp'ya''; awali ilijulikana kama '''Uhabeshi''') ni nchi ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] iliyoko kwenye [[Pembe ya Afrika]]. Inapakana na [[Sudan]] na [[Sudan Kusini]] upande wa [[magharibi]], [[Eritrea]] na [[Jibuti]] upande wa [[kaskazini]], [[Somalia]] upande wa [[mashariki]] na [[Kenya]] upande wa [[kusini]]. Ni nchi ambayo ina [[historia]] ya pekee [[Afrika]] na hata [[dunia]]ni kwa ujumla. Ethiopia ni moja ya nchi mbili za [[Afrika]] ambazo hazikutawaliwa na [[wakoloni]] wakati walipong’ang’ania Afrika. Nchi ya pili ni [[Liberia]]. Kabla ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]] Ethiopia ilivamiwa na [[Italia|Waitalia]] ([[1936]]) lakini ilipata [[uhuru]] wake tena baada ya miaka michache. Ethiopia ni moja ya mataifa ya kale zaidi duniani, ikiwa na historia inayorudi nyuma maelfu ya miaka. Mara nyingi inahusishwa na Ufalme wa kale wa [[Aksum]], ambao ulikuwa dola la kibiashara lenye nguvu lililostawi kati ya karne ya 1 na ya 7 BK, na unachukuliwa kuwa mojawapo ya [[ustaarabu]] mkubwa wa dunia ya kale. Ethiopia pia inajulikana kwa urithi wake wa muda mrefu wa [[Ukristo]]; iliukubali katika karne ya 4, na kuwa mojawapo ya mataifa ya kwanza kabisa kuikubali dini hiyo rasmi. [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Ethiopia]] linabakia kuwa [[taasisi]] kuu katika [[jamii]] na [[utamaduni]] wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=History of Ethiopia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Ethiopia|author=Harold Marcus|publisher=Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|access-date=2026-04-06}}</ref> Ethiopia ya kisasa ni [[jamhuri]] ya [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] ya [[bunge|kibunge]] yenye muundo wa [[shirikisho]], inayoundwa na majimbo ya [[Kabila|kikabila]]. Ina idadi ya watu wanaozidi milioni 135, na hivyo kuwa nchi ya pili kwa idadi ya watu barani [[Afrika]] baada ya [[Nijeria]] na ya kumi duniani. Nchi hii ni makazi ya zaidi ya [[Kabila|makabila]] 80 na [[lugha]] mbalimbali, huku [[Kiamhari]] kikiwa ndiyo [[lugha rasmi]] ya kazi ya [[serikali]] ya [[shirikisho]]. Ethiopia imekumbwa na changamoto mbalimbali za ndani na nje katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, ikiwa ni pamoja na misukosuko ya [[siasa|kisiasa]], migogoro ya kikabila, na matatizo ya [[mazingira]] kama vile [[ukame]]. Licha ya changamoto hizo, [[nchi]] imepata maendeleo makubwa ya [[miundombinu]] na ukuaji wa [[uchumi|kiuchumi]] katika maeneo kama [[kilimo]], [[ujenzi]], na [[nishati]] mbadala. == Jina == [[Asili]] ya [[jina]] "'''Ethiopia'''" haijulikani. Kuna maelezo mbalimbali lakini yote yanakosa uhakika. Hilo ni sawa pia kwa jina la pili la kihistoria ambalo ni "Habasha" ilikuwa "Uhabeshi". Ethiopia mara nyingi linaelezwa kuwa neno la [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] Αἰθιοπία ''Aithiopia'' lililotokana na Αἰθίοψ "Aithiops" ; maana yake "uso" (ὄψ) "kuwaka" (αιθw) hivyo labda "uso uliochomwa" ama [[sura]] [[nyeusi]]. Lakini jina hili halikumaanisha hasa nchi ya Ethiopia ya leo lakini nchi zote zenye watu wenye rangi nyeusinyeusi. Kwa muda mrefu watu wa [[Ulaya]] waliita Afrika yote kwa jina "Ethiopia". Pia si wazi kama neno la Kiafrika lenye maana tofauti limechukuliwa na [[Wagiriki]] kwa maana ya neno lao la "aithiops". Nchi yenyewe ilijulikana kwa muda mrefu wa historia yake kwa jina la '''Habasha'''. Habasha ilikuwa jina la [[Kiarabu]] kwa ajili ya nchi ikaingia kama "Uhabeshi" katika Kiswahili au "Abisinia" katika [[lugha]] za [[Ulaya]]. Asili ya jina hilo haliko wazi; wengine husema ni katika lugha ya kale ya nchi yenyewe kumaanisha "nchi kwenye [[nyanda za juu]]"; tena wengine wanadai kwamba jina limetoka [[Uarabuni]] wa kusini lilipokuwa jina la [[kabila]] moja lililohamia na watu walioleta [[lugha za kisemiti]] Ethiopia. == Jiografia == {{Main|Orodha ya mito ya Ethiopia}} [[File:Ethiopia Topography.png|thumb|Topografia ya Ethiopia]] Ethiopia ina eneo la [[kilometa mraba]] 1,127,127 ([[maili mraba]] 435,071). Nchi yenyewe ni mojawapo ya nchi za [[Pembe ya Afrika]] upande wa mashariki. Nchini Ethiopia kuna milima mirefu; sehemu kubwa ya nchi inaundwa na [[Nyanda za juu za Ethiopia]] zilizotenganishwa na [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika Mashariki]], ambalo limepasua kutoka kusini - magharibi kwenda kaskazini – mashariki na kuzungukwa na [[mbuga]] maeneo yaliyo chini. [[Bonde|Mabonde]] na milima hasa nchini Ethiopia yanaathiri [[hali ya hewa]], [[udongo]], [[mimea]], na makazi ya watu. Ukweo wa milima na eneo la kijiografia vinasababisha aina mbili za hali ya hewa: eneo lililopoa liko zaidi ya ukweo wa [[mita]] 2,400 ([[futi]] 7,900) ambapo [[vipimo vya joto]] ni kati ya kuganda na 16°[[Selsiasi|C]] (32°–61°[[Fahrenheit|F]]); vipimo vya joto kwa ukweo wa mita 1,500 na 2,400 (futi 4,900—7,900) joto ni 16°C hadi 30°C (61°–86°F); joto zaidi liko chini ya mita 1,500 (futi 4,900) ni [[hali ya hewa]] ya [[tropiki]] na hali ya hewa ya [[ukame]] na joto saa za mchana ni 27°C mpaka 50°C (81°–122°F). [[Mvua]] ya kawaida ni kuanzia kati ya Juni mpaka kati ya Septemba lakini eneo la milima ya kusini mvua hunyesha zaidi ikianzia na mvua kidogo ya Februari ama Machi. Ethiopia ni nchi ambayo ina [[ikolojia]] tambakazi. [[Ziwa Tana]], ambalo liko kaskazini mwa nchi, ndilo [[Chanzo (mto)|chanzo]] cha [[Mto]] [[Naili ya Buluu]] (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: Bahr al Zraq). Eneo la mto huo lina aina za [[wanyama]] za pekee kama [[Gelada - nyani]], [[Walia ibeka]] na pia [[Mbwa mwitu]]. == Historia == {{main|Historia ya Ethiopia}} === Historia ya awali === Historia ya [[binadamu]] katika Ethiopia ilianza mapema kabisa. [[Mifupa]] ya kale kabisa ya [[zamadamu|viumbe jamii ya watu]] imepatikana katika nchi hii kwa sababu zilihifadhiwa katika [[mazingira]] [[yabisi]] ya nchi. [[Wataalamu]] wengi huamini ya kwamba Ethiopia (pamoja na [[Kenya]] na [[Tanzania]]) inaweza kuwa mahali ambako watu wa aina ya [[Homo Sapiens]] walianza kupatikana duniani. Kuna ma[[baki]] mbalimbali ya ki[[utamaduni]] yanayochunguzwa na [[akiolojia]], lakini sehemu kubwa ya nchi haijaangaliwa bado kitaalamu. Inaonekana kwamba katika [[karne]] za [[K.K.]] kulikuwa na [[uhusiano]] wa karibu na [[Uarabuni]] kwa sababu lugha za Kiethiopia ni karibu na lugha za upande mwingine wa [[Bahari ya Shamu]]. Inaaminiwa kwamba watu kutoka Uarabuni Kusini walihamia Ethiopia na kuleta lugha yao huko. [[Biblia]] ina taarifa juu ya [[ziara]] ya [[malkia wa Sheba]] aliyemtembelea [[mfalme]] [[Suleimani]] wa [[Yerusalemu]]. [[Milki ya Sheba]] imedaiwa kuwepo ama Ethiopia au [[Yemen]] na wengine huamini ya kwamba ilikuwa [[dola]] la pande zote mbili za [[mlangobahari]] wa [[Bab el Mandeb]] unaotenganisha [[Eritrea]] ya leo na Uarabuni Kusini. === Historia ya kale === [[Milki]] ya kwanza ya Ethiopia inayoweza kutajwa kutokana na mabaki ya ma[[jengo]] na [[maandishi]] ilikuwa milki ya [[D'mt]] (pia: Da'amot) katika Ethiopia ya kaskazini pamoja na [[Eritrea]] ya leo. Kuna mabaki ya [[hekalu]] la [[Yeha]] pamoja na ma[[kaburi]] ambako majina ya wafalme kadhaa yamehifadhiwa kwa maandishi kwenye [[mawe]]. [[Lugha]] ilikuwa karibu sana na lugha za kale za [[Uarabuni]]. Ilikuwa na [[athira]] juu ya sehemu za kaskazini ya Ethiopia kwa kipindi kikubwa cha [[milenia ya 1 KK]]. Ilifuata milki kubwa ya [[Aksum]], iliyoanzishwa wakati wa kuzaliwa [[Yesu]]. [[Ufalme wa Aksum]] ulikuwa milki ya kwanza kutawala maeneo makubwa ya Ethiopia. [[Nabii]] [[Mwajemi]] [[Mani]] aliuweka [[Ufalme wa Aksum]] kwa [[utukufu]] sawa na [[Roma]], [[Uajemi]] na [[Uchina]] kama nchi zilizokuwa na nguvu duniani [[karne ya 3]] [[BK]], wakati yeye alipoishi. Ilikuwa [[karne ya 4]] [[BK]] ambapo [[Frumentius]], mtu [[Siria|Msiro]]-[[ugiriki|Mgiriki]] aliyekuwa amepotelea [[bahari]]ni kutokana na kuzama kwa [[jahazi]], alishikwa na Wahabeshi na kupelekwa [[korti]]ni na baadaye kumuongoa mfalme [[Ezana]] kuingia [[Ukristo]]. Kwa hiyo Wahabeshi wakampa jina ''Abba Selama''. Kwa muda mfupi dini hiyo mpya ilienea kote<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/ritrovate-le-chiese-piu-antiche-dell-africa-subsahariana |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211081032/https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/ritrovate-le-chiese-piu-antiche-dell-africa-subsahariana |archivedate=2022-12-11 |accessdate=2022-12-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. Mara nyingi [[karne ya 6]] Aksum ilitawala eneo la [[Yemeni]] ng'ambo ya [[Bahari ya Shamu]]. Aksum ilistawi hasa kutokana na [[biashara]] kati ya [[Mediteranea]] na [[Bara Hindi]] iliyopita kwenye [[mlangobahari]] wa [[Bab el Mandeb]] ikatumia [[bandari]] ya [[Adulis]] (karibu na [[Massawa]] ya leo nchini Eritrea). Uenezi wa [[Uislamu]] ulivuruga biashara hiyo na Aksum ilipoteza [[utawala]] juu ya [[pwani]]. Kuporomoka kwa uwezo wa kibiashara kunaonekana katika kusimamishwa kwa [[uchapaji]] [[pesa]] ya wafalme wa Aksum katika [[karne ya 7]]. Nchi ilishambuliwa pia kutoka milki za barani. Mabaki ya ufalme wa Aksum yaliharibiwa mnamo mwaka [[900]] wakati na [[malkia Gudit]] (au Judith) aliyekuwa ama [[Myahudi]] ama kiongozi wa makabila ya Kipagani kutoka [[nyanda za juu]]. === Milki ya Ethiopia === Kiongozi wa kabila la Agaw alimwoa [[binti]] wa mfalme wa mwisho wa Aksum akaanzisha [[nasaba]] ya Zagwe na kuunda upya ufalme wa Kikristo katika nyanda za juu. [[Kitovu]] cha ufalme huu kilipelekwa zaidi mbali na pwani. Nasaba hii ilipinduliwa mnamo [[1270]] na [[Yekuno Amlak]] aliyetumia jina la kifalme [[Tasfa Iyasus]]. Alianzisha nasaba iliyojiita "Wa Suleimani" kwa kudai ilikuwa [[ukoo]] wa [[mwana]] wa mfalme Suleimani na malkia wa Sheba. Tasfa Iyasus alitumia [[cheo]] cha [[Negus Negesti]] ("Mfalme wa Wafalme"). Enzi ya Mfalme [[Lebna Dengel]], Ethiopia iliweza kuwasiliana na nchi za Ulaya na kudumisha [[ubalozi]] na nchi kama [[Ureno]]. Lakini, Mfalme [[Susenyos]] alipojiunga na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] mwaka [[1622]], chakari na misukosuko ilifuata. [[Wamisionari]] [[Wajesuiti]] walichukiwa na waamini wa [[Kanisa la Ethiopia]], na katika hiyo [[karne ya 17]] Susenyos mwana wa Mfalme [[Basil wa Ethiopia|Basil]] aliwafukuza wanamisheni hao. Baadaye [[Waoromo]] wakaanza kuasi [[amri]] ya [[Kanisa la Ethiopia]] na kutafuta njia za [[dini]] yao, eneo hili la Uhebeshi. Mambo hayo yote yalifanya Ethiopia itengwe [[miaka ya 1700]]. Wafalme wakawa kama [[wakurugenzi]], ambao waliamriwa na ma[[sharifu]] kama Ras [[Mikael Sehul]] wa [[Tigrinya]]. Ethiopia ilitoka kutoka utengo kwa kufuatia [[misheni]] ya [[Uingereza]] kufika Ethiopia na kukamilisha [[muungano]] kati ya nchi hizi mbili; lakini, hadi milki ya [[Tewodros II wa Ethiopia|Tewodros II]] ndipo Ethiopia ilipoanza tena shauri za Duni. [[Picha:Early nineteenth century warriors Colour.jpg|thumb|250px|left|Mashujaa Ethiopia karne ya 1800]] [[Miaka ya 1880]] ilikuwa miaka ya Ulaya kung’ang’ania [[ukoloni]] Afrika ambapo Waitalia na Waingereza walitafuta kutawala eneo la [[Assab]], bandari iliyoko karibu na [[mdomo]] wa bahari ya Shamu. Bedari ya Kusini, karibu na kiingilio cha bahari ya Shamu, ilinunuliwa na Waitalia kutoka [[sultani]] mwenyeji Machi [[1870]] ambayo mwaka [[1882]] ilizaa [[koloni]] la [[Eritrea]]. Haya yalizua magombano kati ya Waethiopia na Waitalia na [[Vita vya Adowa]] mwaka [[1896]], ambapo Waethiopia walishtua dunia kwa kupiga nguvu za wakoloni na kulinda [[madaraka]] yao kwa [[uongozi]] wa [[Menelik II]]. [[Italia]] na Ethiopia zilisaini [[mkataba wa amani]] tarehe [[26 Oktoba]] 1896. ===Karne ya 20 hadi leo=== [[Karne ya 20]] miaka ya kwanzakwanza ilimilikiwa na Mfalme [[Haile Selassie]], aliyechukua nafasi ya kuendeleza Ethiopia mpaka uongozi wake ulipokatizwa kwa [[Vita vya pili vya Uhabeshi na Waitalia|Vita ya pili ya Uhabeshi na Italia]] ([[1936]]). [[Waingereza]] na wazalendo wa Jeshi la Ethiopia wakakomboa nchi mwaka [[1941]], na Waingereza kukiri madaraka ya Ethiopia kwa [[mkataba wa Uingereza na Ethiopia]] mnamo [[Desemba]] [[1944]]. Milki ya Haile Selassie ilikoma mwaka [[1974]], ambapo [[Wakomunisti]] wa "[[Derg]]" walimpindua na kuanzisha [[serikali ya kikomunisti]] chini ya [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]. Mapinduzi hayo yalifuatwa na [[msukosuko]] wa [[vita]] na migogoro pamoja na [[ukame]] na shida za [[wakimbizi]]. Mwaka [[1977]] [[Somalia]] ilivamia eneo la [[Ogaden]] ([[Vita vya Ogaden]]), lakini Ethiopia iliweza kuwafukuza Wasomali kwa msaada wa vifaa vya kijeshi vya [[Urusi]], na majeshi ya [[Kuba]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kijerumani|Ujerumani Mashariki]] na [[Yemeni]]. Usaidizi mwingi kutoka [[Nchi za Kikomunisti]] uliwezesha Ethiopia kudumisha mojawapo ya majeshi kubwa Afrika. Lakini hii haikuzuia [[ukereketwa]] wa jimbo la Eritrea na [[Tigrinya|Tigray]], ambapo ukame wa mwaka [[1985]] na [[mapinduzi]] ya [[siasa]] hasa kwa Kambi za [[Ujamaa]], zilileta uongozi wa Derg [[1991]] kukoma. Chama cha kukomboa Eritrea (EPLF) na [[Chama cha Mapinduzi cha Kidemokrasi Ethiopia]] (EPRDF), ziliungana kukomboa Ethiopia, wengi wa [[wanamgambo]] wakiwa wanaharakati wa Eritrea. Mwaka [[1993]] jimbo la [[Eritrea]] likawa huru kutoka Ethiopia, kufuatia [[kura ya maoni]] iliyofanywa ili kumaliza vita hivyo vilivyodumu miaka 20, mmojawapo kati ya migogoro ya muda mrefu zaidi Afrika. Mwaka [[1994]] Ethiopia kaiweka [[Katiba]] mpya ambayo ilileta [[uchaguzi]] wa ki[[demokrasia]]. Mwaka [[1998]] magombano ya mipaka na Eritrea yalileta [[Vita vya Eritrea na Ethiopia]] ambayo vilidumu hadi [[Juni]] [[2000]]. Vita hivyo vilileta [[uvivu]] wa uchumi na nguvu ya muungano unaongoza nchi. == Demografia == [[Picha:GariAdama.jpg|thumb|Gari huko Adama (Nazareth), Ethiopia.]] [[Idadi]] ya wakazi ilikadiriwa kuwa 135,500,000 ([[2025]]) ambao wanaongezeka kwa [[asilimia]] 2.88 kwa mwaka. Ethiopia ina makabila zaidi ya 80 yenye utamaduni tofautitofauti. Watu wengi huongea [[lugha za Kisemiti]] na [[lugha za Kikushi]]. [[Waoromo]] (34.49%), [[Waamhara]] (26.89%), [[Wasomali]] (6.20%) na [[Tigray|Watigrinya]] (6.07%) ni zaidi ya 73% ya wananchi wote. Kumbe kuna makabila mengine yenye watu wachache kiasi kama 10,000. === Lugha === Ethiopia ina lugha 90/109 za kienyeji (angalia [[Orodha ya Lugha za Ethiopia]]). Mifano muhimu ni kama ifuatavyo: {|border="0" |+ |- | * [[Kiafar]] * [[Kiamhari]] * [[Kianfillo]] * [[Kiberta]] * [[Kibussa]] * [[Kigamo-Gofa-Dawro|Kigamo]] | * [[Kigedeo]] * [[Kigumuz]] * [[Kigurage cha Sebat Bet|Kigurage]] * [[Kihadiyya]] * [[Kiharari]] * [[Kikafa]] | * [[Kikonso]] * [[Kiongota]] * [[Kioromo-Kusini]] * [[Kioromo-Magharibi]] * [[Kioromo-Mashariki]] * [[Kisaho]] | * [[Kisidamo]] * [[Kisilt'e]] * [[Kisoddo]] * [[Kisomali]] * [[Kitigrinya]] * [[Kiwolaytta]] |} [[Kiingereza]] ndiyo lugha ya kigeni inayoongelewa zaidi na kufunzwa katika [[shule ya upili]]. Kiamhari ilikuwa lugha ya ufundishaji katika [[shule ya msingi]] lakini sasa sehemu nyingi nafasi yake imeshikwa na [[Kioromo]] na [[Kitigrinya]]. === Dini === [[Wakristo]], ambao ndio wengi (67.3%, kati yao [[Waorthodoksi wa mashariki]] 43.8%), wanaishi hasa kwenye milima, na [[Waislamu]] (31.3%) na [[Wapagani]] (0.6%) wengi wanaishi kwenye mabonde. ==== Ukristo ==== [[Picha:Ethiopian Painting 2005 SeanMcClean.JPG|left|thumb|Picha katika ngozi inayomuonyesha [[padri]] wa [[Kanisa Orthodoksi la Ethiopia Tewahedo]] akichezea [[ala]] za [[muziki]] za kienyeji.]] [[Ufalme wa Aksum]] ulikuwa milki ya kwanza kukubali [[Ukristo]], ambapo [[askofu]] [[Frumentius]] wa [[Taya]], aliyetumwa na [[Atanasi]] wa [[Aleksandria]] [[Uinjilishaji|kuiinjilisha]] nchi, alimuongoa [[Ezana wa Aksum]] katika [[karne ya 4]]. Kwa hiyo Wahabeshi wakampa jina ''Abba Selama''. Kwa muda mfupi dini hiyo mpya ilienea kote<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/ritrovate-le-chiese-piu-antiche-dell-africa-subsahariana |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211081032/https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/ritrovate-le-chiese-piu-antiche-dell-africa-subsahariana |archivedate=2022-12-11 |accessdate=2022-12-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. Labda Frumentius alifika tayari na [[wamonaki]] kama [[wamisionari]]. Lakini [[umonaki]] hasa ulianza mnamo mwaka [[500]] walipofika wamonaki tisa wenye asili ya [[Siria]] waliotokea [[Misri]] katika [[monasteri]] za [[Pakomi]]. Hivyo mpaka leo mtindo huo ndio unaotawala kati ya umati wa wamonaki wa Ethiopia, wakati [[wakaapweke]] ni wachache, ingawa hawajawahi kukosekana. Athari za Siria na Misri zinajitokeza katika mambo mengi. Wamonaki wanaishi katika vibanda vya binafsi wakikutana kwa [[sala]] tu. Wamonaki [[wanawake]] (kawaida ni [[wajane]]) wanaishi jirani na monasteri ya kiume wakiitegemea kiroho na kiuchumi. === Uislamu === [[Uislamu]] nchini Ethiopia unapatikana kutoka mwanzo wa dini hiyo; ambapo [[nabii]] [[Muhammad]] aliwaambia Waislamu waepuke kuuliwa [[Maka]] kwa kukimbilia Uhabeshi, ambayo ilitawaliwa na Mfalme Mkristu. Hata [[utamaduni]] wa Kiislamu wasema [[Bilal ibn Ribah|Bilal]], mfuasi wa Nabii Muhammad, alikuwa ametokea Ethiopia. === Uyahudi === [[Wayahudi]], ambao wanaitwa Beta Israeli au Wafalasha, walioishi Ethiopia tangu karne nyingi, wengi wao wamehamia [[Israeli]] hasa katika [[karne ya 20]]. === Dini za jadi === Mbali na dini hizo za kimataifa, kuna wafuasi wa [[dini za jadi]] za [[Dini asilia za Kiafrika|Kiafrika]]. == Uchumi == [[Picha:Eth1 coffeelady.jpg|thumb|Mwanamke mkulima wa mbuni na kapu la mbegu za kahawa huko Ethiopia]] Ethiopia imebaki [[nchi fukara]] mojawapo: Waethiopia wengi wanapewa [[chakula cha msaada]] kutoka ng’ambo. Baada ya mapinduzi ya mwaka [[1974]], uchumi wa Ethiopia ulikuwa [[uchumi wa kijamaa]]: amri ya uchumi iliwekwa na jimbo, na upande mkubwa wa uchumi uliwekwa kwa jamii, kutoka viwanda vyote vya kisasa, [[kilimo cha biashara]], [[taasisi za kukopesha]] na mashamba yote na mali yote ya kukomboa. Kutoka kati ya [[1991]], uchumi ulianza kutolewa katika [[ujamaa]] na kuendekeza [[uchumi wa soko huria]], serikali inasisitiza uchumi wa rasilimali ili kuzuia uvivu wa uchumi uliojitokeza wakati wa amri ya ujamaa. Mwaka [[1993]], [[Ubinafsishaji]] wa kampuni kaanza, viwanda, mabenki, ukulima, [[biashara za ndani]] na [[biashara za kimataifa]]. Kilimo ni karibu asilimia 41% ya [[mapato ya uchumi]] (GDP), ambayo ni asilimia 80 ya biashara ya kimataifa, na asilimia 80 ya wananchi wanategemea kilimo. Mambo mengi ya biashara hutegemea ukulima, wauzaji, viwanda vya kufunganya na kuuza nje mavuno ya ukulima. Mavuno yanayouzwa nje mengi yanatolewa na [[wakulima wa kiasi]] binafsi. Wanazalisha [[kahawa]], [[nafaka]] (hasa maharagwe), [[mbegu za mafuta]], [[viazi]], [[miwa]], na [[mboga]]. Biashara ya nje hasa ni ya kuuza mazao, kahawa ikiwa ndiyo inayoleta pesa nyingi za kigeni. [[Mifugo]] ya Ethiopia inaaminika kuwa ndiyo wengi zaidi Afrika. Mnamo [[1987]] ilihesabika kuwa asilimia 15 ya mapato ya uchumi yanatokana na mifugo. == Siasa == Uchaguzi wa Ethiopia ulipitisha wanabaraza 547 Bungeni. Baraza hilo la bunge lilijumuika Juni 1994 na kupitisha katiba mpya ya Jimbo la Demokrasia ya Jamhuri ya Ethiopia mnamo Desemba 1994. Uchaguzi huu ulikuwa wa kwanza kuchagua wanabaraza wa kitaifa kwa sifa bungeni na wanabaraza wa majimbo mnamo Mei na Juni [[1995]]. Vyama vingi vya upinzani viligoma kushiriki uchaguzi. Ushindi ulichukuliwa na [[Chama cha Mapinduzi cha Kidemokrasi cha Watu wa Ethiopia]] (EPRDF). Umoja wa Mataifa ukasema vyama vya upinzani vingeweza kushiriki uchaguzi kama zingetaka. Serikali ya Majimbo ya Demokrasia ya Jamhuri ya Ethiopia ilichukua mamlaka mnamo Agosti 1995. Rais wa kwanza [[Negasso Gidada]]. EPRDF ikaongoza serikali na Waziri Mkuu [[Meles Zenawi]] ambaye aliunga mkono majimbo ya kikabila, na kuwapa madaraka viongozi wa kikabila. Ethiopia sasa ina majimbo 9 ambayo yana serikali ya [[madaraka ya shirika]], na hata majimbo haya yanakubaliwa kutoza ushuru na kutumia [[akiba ya ushuru]]. Hata hivyo, uhuru wa habari na kisiasa bado umefinywa. Serikali ya Zenawi ilichaguliwa tena mwaka 2000 kwa uchaguzi wa kwanza wa Kidemokrasia, Rais akiwa [[Girma Wolde-Giorgis]]. Kutoka [[1991]], Ethiopia imetafuta urafiki zaidi na [[Marekani]] na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], ili kuweza kukopa fedha za kusaidia uchumi wake na pia kutoka [[Benki ya Dunia]]. Mwaka [[2004]], serikali ilianza kuhamisha watu kutoka maeneo ya ukame wakisema hii itazuia njaa. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/3640227.stm]. [[Uchaguzi]] mwingine wa Ethiopia ulikuwa tarehe [[15 Mei]] [[2005]], ambao ulivutia wapigakura kiasi cha juu zaidi, asilimia 90% ya wananchi waliojiandikisha. Watazamaji wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] walidai uchaguzi haujafikia kiwango cha kimataifa, lakini [[Umoja wa Afrika]] ulitoa ripoti tarehe [[14 Septemba]] kwamba Waethiopia walionyesha kujitokeza na kuheshimu demokrasia, halafu tarehe 15 Septemba, Carter Center, ikasema matokeo ya uchaguzi yaaminika na kuonyesha ushindani wa kisiasa. Uangalizi na ushuhuda wote ulimalizia kuranki Uchaguzi wa Ethiopia na kesi nyingine waipa, asilimia 64% ya matokeo mazuri, na vizuri zaidi kulingana na kesi nyingine 24%. [[File:Arat Kilo Monument.JPG|200px|thumb|Arat Kilo monument]] [[File:Ethiopian Commercial Bank Addis Abeba.jpg|thumb|200px|Commercial [[Bank of Ethiopia]]]] [[File:ET Addis asv2018-01 img01 Meskel Square.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Meskel Square]]]] [[File:Cathédrale Saint Georges Addis Abeba1.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Kanisa kuu]] la [[George mfiadini|Mt. George]] (Addis Ababa)]] [[File:HagerFikirTheatre.jpg|200px|thumb|Thieta [[Hager Fikir]] (April 2006)]] [[File:Ethiopian Television.JPG|200px|thumb|Kituo cha TV ya Ethiopia]] [[File:Ethiopian Federal Police HQ Addis Abeba.JPG|thumb|200px|Makao makuu ya Polisi]] Katika [[Uchaguzi wa Ethiopia, 2005]] EPRDF ilitokea iking’ang’ania uongozi. Tarehe za kwanza za Juni na tena Novemba, [[polisi]] kwa amri ya EPRDF wakafyatua [[risasi]] na kuua watu kwa [[maandamano]] yaliyokuwa yakipinga [[matokeo ya kura]]. Ni kwamba vyama vya upinzani vililalamika kwamba EPRDF iliiba kura na kuwazisha wananchi na kusema baraza 299, wapata hitilafu ya wizi wa kura. Hayo yote yalichunguzwa na Watazamaji wa Uchaguzi wa kimataifa na pia Kamisheni ya Uchaguzi Ethiopia. Matokeo ya uchunguzi huo kama haijatokea mnamo [[Juni 2005]], wanafunzi wa [[chuo kikuu]] walianza maandamano wakisaidiwa na wanamgambo wa Muungano wa Vyama vya Upinzani. Lakini serikali kwa kutoa amri ya kukomesha maaandamano, mnamo [[8 Juni]], watu 26 waliuliwa mjini [[Addis Ababa]] kwa msukosuko wa maandamano na wengine wengi kushikwa. Mnamo [[5 Septemba]] [[2005]], Kamisheni ya Uchaguzi Ethiopia, ilitoa matokeo na kusema kwamba (EPRDF) kashinda uchaguzi na kwa hiyo iongoze serikali. Lakini vyama vya upinzani viliongezea viti bungeni kutoka 12 mpaka 176. Muungano wa umoja na demokrasia ulishinda viti vyote vya Addis Ababa, kwa Bunge la Taifa na [[Baraza la mtaala]]. Maandamano yalizuka tena mitaani [[1 Novemba]], ambapo vyama vya upinzani viliitisha mgomo kwa jumla na pia kwa Bunge mpya, wakatae matokeo ya uchaguzi. Polisi tena walijaribu kuzuia maandamano hayo na watu 42 wakafa kwa misukosuko mjini Addis Ababa. Polisi saba pia wakafa na mwingine pia kafa kutokana na majeruhi ya mlipuko wa [[bomu]]. Tope la watu walishikwa na kufungwa jela. Februari 2006 watu elfu sita bado walikuwa jela wakingoja hukumu Machi. Mnamo 14 Novemba, Bunge la Ethiopia lilipitisha mkataba kuimarisha Kamisheni huru na kuchunguza visa vya 8 Juni na tarehe 1 na tarehe 2 Novemba. Februari 2006 Waziri mkuu wa Uingereza [[Tony Blair]], alitamka kwamba, EPRDF kashinda kura, lakini angetaka kuona Ethipia ikitatua shida zake yenyewe na iendelee katika njia ya demokrasia. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4707232.stm]. == Serikali na Utawala == === Majimbo ya Kujitawala === {{Main|Majimbo ya Ethiopia}} Ethiopia imegawiwa katika [[jimbo|majimbo]] 9 ya [[mamlaka]] ya kikabila (''kililoch''; umoja: ''kilil''), na maeneo 68. * [[Jimbo la Afar|Afar]] * [[Jimbo la Amhara|Amhara]] * [[Jimbo la Benishangul-Gumuz|Benishangul-Gumuz]] * [[Jimbo la Gambela|Gambela]] * [[Jimbo la Harar|Harar]] * [[Jimbo la Oromia|Oromia]] * [[Jimbo la Somali|Somali]] * [[Jimbo la Makabila ya kusini]] * [[Jimbo la Tigray|Tigray]] Zaidi ya hayo kuna maeneo ya miji miwili (''astedader akababiwoch''; umoja: ''astedader akababi''): [[Addis Ababa]] na [[Dire Dawa]]. == Utamaduni == Mnamo Aprili [[2005]], [[Mnara wa Aksum]], mojawapo ya dafina za kidini Ethiopia, ulirudishwa na Waitalia <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4458105.stm</ref> ambao waliunyakua mwaka [[1937]] na kuupeleka [[Roma]]. Italia ikakubali kuurudisha mnamo [[1947]] kulingana na mkataba wa [[UN|Umoja wa Mataifa]]. Ethiopia ndiyo Nyumba ya kiroho ya [[Rastafari|Mwendo wa Rastafari]], ambao wanaamini Ethiopia ni [[Zion]]. Warastafari wamuona mfalme Haile Selassie I kama [[Yesu]]. === Sikukuu === ''Ona pia: [[Kalenda ya Waethiopia]] {| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" align="center" |- ! style="background:#efefef;" | Tarehe ! style="background:#efefef;" | Jina za Kiswahili ! style="background:#efefef;" | Jina za waenyeji ! style="background:#efefef;" | Maelezo |- | 7 Januari | [[Waminina wa Dini ya Ethiopia, Kanisa la Tewahedo|Waminina]] [[Krismasi|Siku ya Krismasi]] | Genna | &nbsp; |- | 10 Januari | Siku kuu ya sadaka | [[Eid ul-Adha|'Id al-Adha]] | ya kutegemea; tarehe ya 2006 |- | 19 Januari | [[Epifania|Siku kuu ya Epifania]] | [[Timket]] | &nbsp; |- | 2 Machi | [[Vita vya Adowa|Siku ya Adwa]] | Ye'adowa B'al | &nbsp; |- | 11 Aprili | Kuzaliwa kwa nabii [[Muhammad]] | [[Mawlid|Mawlid an-Nabi]] | ya kutegemea; tarehe ya 2006 |- | 21 Aprili | [[Waminina wa Dini ya Ethiopia, Kanisa la Tewahedo|Waminina]] [[Ijumaa Kuu|Ijumaa ya Pasaka]] | Siqlet (kusulubiwa) | ya kutegemea; tarehe ya 2006 |- | 23 Aprili | [[Waminina wa Dini ya Ethiopia, Kanisa la Tewahedo|Waminina]] [[Pasaka]] | Fasika | ya kutegemea; tarehe ya 2006 |- | 24 Aprili | Jumatatu ya Pasaka (sikukuu) | &nbsp; | ya kutegemea; tarehe ya 2006 |- | Mei 1 | [[Siku Mai #Siku ya wanakazi|Siku ya Wafanyakazi Kimataifa]] | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Mei 5 | Siku ya wazalendo | Arbegnoch Qen | &nbsp; |- | Mei 28 | Siku ya Taifa | &nbsp; | Kuanguka kwa [[Derg]] |- | 18 Agosti | &nbsp; | [[Buhe]] | &nbsp; |- | 11 Septemba | [[Mwaka mpya]] wa Ethiopia | [[Enkutatash|Inqut'at'ash]] | &nbsp; |- | 27 Septemba | [[Siku kuu ya Msalaba|Kutafuta Msalaba Halisi]] | [[Meskel]] | &nbsp; |- | 24 Oktoba | Mwisho wa Mwezi wa [[Ramadhan]]i | [[Eid ul-Fitr|'Id al-Fitr]] | ya kutegemea; tarehe ya 2006 |} === Michezo === Ethiopia ni nchi mojawapo inayotoa [[wanariadha]] wazuri zaidi duniani, hasa kama wa [[mbio]] wa [[masafa ya kati]] na [[masafa marefu]]. [[Kenya]] na [[Morocco]] ni wapinzani wa Ethiopia kwa [[Michezo ya mabingwa wa Dunia]] na [[Michezo ya olimpiki|Olimpiki]] kwa masafa ya kati na marefu. Machi [[2006]], Waethiopia wawili walitamalaki mbio za masafa marefu, kwa jina wakiwa: [[Haile Gebreselassie]] (Bingwa wa Dunia na Olimpiki) aliyevunja [[rekodi]] ya [[kilometa]] 10 na sasa pia kilomita 20, Nusu[[Marathoni]], na rekodi ya kilomita 25, na kijana [[Kenenisa Bekele]] (bingwa wa dunia, mbio za majira (bara), na pia bingwa wa olimpiki), anayeshikilia [[Rekodi za Dunia]] za [[mita]] 5,000 na 10,000. Huko nyuma Ethiopia ilitoa mwanariadha maarufu katika historia ya mchezo huu duniani, [[Abebe Bikila]]. == Tazama pia == * [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Ethiopia]] * [[Uislamu nchini Ethiopia]] * [[Muziki wa Ethiopia]] * [[Vyakula vya Ethiopia]] * [[Orodha ya kampuni za Ethiopia]] * [[Jeshi la Ethiopia]] * [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Ethiopia]] * [[Hifadhi za Taifa Ethiopia]] * [[Mawasiliano nchini Ethiopia]] * [[Usafiri nchini Ethiopia]] * [[Vyuo vikuu vya Ethiopia]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Marejeo== <references/> == Bibliografia == *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Zewde|first=Bahru |title=A History of Modern Ethiopia, 1855–1991|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmoderne00bahr|edition= 2nd |year=2001 |publisher=Ohio University Press |location=Athens, OH |isbn=0-8214-1440-2}} *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Selassie I. |first=Haile |title=My Life and Ethiopia's Progress: The Autobiography of Emperor Haile Selassie I |authorlink=Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia |others=Translated by Edward Ullendorff |year=1999 |publisher=Frontline |location=Chicago |isbn=0-948390-40-9 }} * Deguefé, Taffara (2006). ''Minutes of an Ethiopian Century'', Shama Books, Addis Ababa, ISBN 99944-0-003-7. * Hugues Fontaine, ''Un Train en Afrique. African Train'', Centre Français des Études Éthiopiennes / Shama Books. Édition bilingue français / anglais. Traduction : Yves-Marie Stranger. Postface : Jean-Christophe Belliard. Avec des photographies de Matthieu Germain Lambert et Pierre Javelot. Addis Abeba, 2012, ISBN 978-99944-867-1-7. English and French. [http://www.africantrain.org/] *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Henze |first=Paul B. |title=Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia |year=2004 |publisher=Shama Books|isbn=1-931253-28-5 }} *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Marcus |first=Harold G. |title=The Life and Times of Menelik II: Ethiopia, 1844–1913 |year=1975 |publisher=Clarendon |location=Oxford, U.K.}} Reprint, Trenton, NJ: Red Sea, 1995. ISBN 1-56902-009-4. *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Marcus |first=Harold G. |title=A History of Ethiopia |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofethiopi0000marc |edition=updated |year=2002 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=0-520-22479-5 }} * Mauri, Arnaldo (2010). ''Monetary developments and decolonization in Ethiopia'', Acta Universitatis Danubius Œconomica, VI, n. 1/2010, pp.&nbsp;5–16. [http://journals.univ-danubius.ro/index.php/oeconomica/article/view/337-319] {{Wayback|url=http://journals.univ-danubius.ro/index.php/oeconomica/article/view/337-319 |date=20160303180844 }} and WP [http://ideas.repec.org./p/mil/wpdepa/2010-15.html] *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Mockler |first=Anthony |title=Haile Selassie's War |url=https://archive.org/details/haileselassieswa0000mock |year=1984 |publisher=Random House |location=New York }} Reprint, New York: Olive Branch, 2003. ISBN 1-902669-53-3. * Murphy, Dervla (1968). ''In Ethiopia with a Mule''. London: Century, 1984, cop. 1968. ''N.B''.: An account of the author's travels in Ethiopia. 280 p., ill. with a b&w map. ISBN 0-7126-3044-9 *{{Rejea kitabu|last=Rubenson|first=Sven|title=The Survival of Ethiopian Independence|edition=4th|year=2003|publisher=Tsehai|location=Hollywood, CA |isbn=0-9723172-7-9}} * Siegbert Uhlig, et al. (eds.) (2003). ''[[Encyclopaedia aethiopica]]'', Vol. 1: A-C. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. * Siegbert Uhlig, et al. (eds.) (2005). ''Encyclopaedia aethiopica'', Vol. 2: D-Ha. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. * Siegbert Uhlig, et al. (eds.) (2007). ''Encyclopaedia aethiopica'', Vol. 3: He-N. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. * Siegbert Uhlig & Alessandro Bausi, et al. (eds.) (2010). ''[[Encyclopaedia aethiopica]]'', Vol. 4: O-X. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. * Alessandro Bausi & S. Uhlig, et al. (eds.) (2014). ''[[Encyclopaedia aethiopica]]'', Vol. 5: Y-Z and addenda, corrigenda, overview tables, maps and general index. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. *{{cite book|ref=Abir|author=Abir, Mordechai |title=Ethiopia: The Era of the Princes; The Challenge of Islam and the Re-unification of the Christian Empire (1769–1855)|place=London|publisher=Longmans|year= 1968}} *{{cite book|ref=Beshah|author=Beshah, Girma and Aregay, Merid Wolde |title=The Question of the Union of the Churches in Luso-Ethiopian Relations (1500–1632)|place=Lisbon|publisher= Junta de Investigações do Ultramar and Centro de Estudos Históricos Ultramarinos |year=1964}} *{{cite book|ref=Munro-Hay|author=Munro-Hay, Stuart|year=1991|url=http://www.dskmariam.org/artsandlitreature/litreature/pdf/aksum.pdf|title=Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity|place=Edinburgh|publisher=University Press|isbn=0-7486-0106-6|accessdate=2016-03-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123223427/http://www.dskmariam.org/artsandlitreature/litreature/pdf/aksum.pdf|archivedate=2013-01-23}} *{{cite book|ref=Valdes Vivo|author=Valdes Vivo, Raul |title=Ethiopia's Revolution|url=https://archive.org/details/ethiopiasrevolut0000vald|publisher=International Publishers|place= New York|year= 1977|isbn=0717805565}} == Viungo vya nje == '''Serikali''' * [http://www.ethiopianembassy.org/index.shtml Balozi wa Ethiopia- Washington DC] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiopianembassy.org/index.shtml |date=20090122223926 }} yakupa taarifa za serikali ya Ethiopia * [http://www.mfa.gov.et/ Idara ya mambo ya nje Ethiopia] * [http://www.moinfo.gov.et/ idara ya taarifa Ethiopia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.moinfo.gov.et/ |date=20080426230300 }} * [http://www.ethiopiancrown.org/ baraza la wafalme wa Ethiopia] Wafalme wa Ethiopia * [http://www.ethiopar.net/ Bunge ya Ethiopia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiopar.net/ |date=20190825060812 }} Tovuti rasmi '''Habari''' * [http://www.addistribune.com/ Addis Tribune] gazeti la kila wiki online edition * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120050437/http://allafrica.com/ethiopia/ allAfrica - Ethiopia] news * [http://www.ena.gov.et/ Ethiopian News Agency (ENA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ena.gov.et/ |date=20060616005534 }} hii ni idara ya serikali * [http://www.nazret.com Nazret.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nazret.com/ |date=20220623053204 }} Ethiopian news portal * [http://ethiopianreview.homestead.com/ Ethiopian Review] * [http://ethiomedia.com/ Uptodate ethiopian news] {{Wayback|url=http://ethiomedia.com/ |date=20101115211721 }} * [http://www.helmmagazine.com/ Helm Magazini] sanaa, utamaduni, fasheni na heba kutoka Ethiopia * [http://www.waltainfo.com/ Walta Information Center] habari '''Masomo''' * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1072164.stm BBC Habari – Umbo wa: Ethiopia] * [http://www.ethiopiantreasures.toucansurf.com Ethiopian Treasures] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiopiantreasures.toucansurf.com/ |date=20160817225751 }} Dafina za Ethiopia- Historia, Utamaduni, Lugha, Dini - Ethiopia * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/et.html CIA - The World Factbook: Ukweli wa mambo kuhusu Duniani] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/et.html |date=20060111035635 }} * [http://www.guardian.co.uk/ethiopia2000/0,2759,181415,00.html Guardian Unlimited - Special Report: Ethiopia 2000] * [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ettoc.html /mktaba wa Congress ya marikani] tareki nyingi ni kutoka Julai 1991 '''Maelekezo''' * [http://www.meetethiopia.com meetethiopia.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.meetethiopia.com/ |date=20071205170700 }} Portal that introduces and celebrates the rich history, culture and diversity of Ethiopia through the use of a repository that contains Ethiopia-related websites ranging from Arts, Society and Religion to Entertainment, Shopping and Technology * [http://www.ethiosearch.com Ethio Search ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiosearch.com/ |date=20210302003857 }}Ethiopian on-line directory and search engine * [http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Ethiopia/ Open Directory Project - Ethiopia] {{Wayback|url=http://dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Ethiopia/ |date=20060614062728 }} directory category * [http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/ethio.html Stanford University - Africa South of the Sahara: Ethiopia] directory category * [http://www.afrika.no/index/Countries/Ethiopia/index.html The Index on Africa - Ethiopia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.afrika.no/index/Countries/Ethiopia/index.html |date=20060405181124 }} directory category '''Utalii''' * [http://www.tourismethiopia.org Ethiopian Tourism Commission] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tourismethiopia.org/ |date=20081016001329 }} government agency '''Lugha''' * [http://www.mediatikdigital.com/glossword/index.php?a=list&d=3 English-Amharic Dictionary] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mediatikdigital.com/glossword/index.php?a=list&d=3 |date=20061108145558 }} based on Amsalu Aklilu and G. P. Mosback's dictionary * [http://www.amharicdictionary.com/ Online Dictionary of the official language of Ethiopia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.amharicdictionary.com/ |date=20061106042009 }} * [http://www.ethiopiandictionary.com/ Amharic Dictionary] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiopiandictionary.com/ |date=20060220114139 }} '''Mashirika ya msaada''' * [http://www.thedenanproject.com/ The Denan Project – inasaidia kihospitali watu wa Denan] '''Mengineyo''' * [http://www.konradlicht.com 4 Films about Ethiopia] {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} [[Jamii:Ethiopia|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Pembe ya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Afrika ya Mashariki]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 91whyogerb5npph62lub8j71rizym1i 0 5614 1615425 1578198 2026-11-07T21:05:57Z Tbm 44189 1615425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Muungano wa Madola ya Meksiko | jina_asili = ''Estados Unidos Mexicanos'' (Kihispania) | bendera = Flag of Mexico.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Mexico.svg | kaulimbiu = | wimbo = ''Himno Nacional Mexicano''<br>"Wimbo wa Taifa wa Meksiko" | ramani = Mexico (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Mexico (mji)]] | majiranukta1 = 19°26′K | majiranukta2 = 99°08′M | lugha_rasmi = [[Kihispania]] | lugha3 = 68 lugha za asili | kiongozi1 = Claudia Sheinbaum | kiongozi2 = Gerardo Fernández Noroña | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Rais]] wa [[Seneti]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Mwanzo wa Vita ya Uhuru | tukio2 = Tangazo la Uhuru | tukio3 = Katiba ya sasa | tukio4 = | tukio1_tarehe = 16 Septemba 1810 | tukio2_tarehe = 27 Septemba 1821 | tukio3_tarehe = 5 Februari 1917 | tukio4_tarehe = | eneo_jumla = 1,972,550 | cheo_eneo = 13 | maji = 1.58% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 131,946,900 | mwaka_kadirio = 2025 | msongamano = 61 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $3.408 trilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $25,557 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 70 | plt = {{decrease}} $1.818 trilioni | mwaka_pato = 2025 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{decrease}} $13,630 | cheo_plt_kawaida = 12 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 63 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.789 {{katikati}} | gini = 40.2 | mwaka_gini = 2022 | fedha = [[Peso ya Meksiko]] (MXN) | majira_saa = UTC−8 hadi −5<br>UTC−7 hadi −5 (DST) | udereva = Kushoto | msimbo_simu = 52 | tld = .mx }} '''Meksiko''', rasmi '''Muungano wa Madola ya Meksiko''' (kwa [[Kihispania]]: ''Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos''), ni [[nchi]] katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Marekani]] upande wa kaskazini, [[Guatemala]] na [[Belize]] upande wa kusini, [[Bahari ya Karibi]] upande wa mashariki, na [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] upande wa magharibi. Meksiko ina eneo la takriban kilomita za mraba 1,964,375, na ni miongoni mwa nchi kubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]]. Ina mandhari mbalimbali kuanzia jangwa la Chihuahua hadi misitu ya mvua ya Yucatán, na historia tajiri inayojumuisha [[ustaarabu]] wa kale kama [[Wamaya]] na [[Waazteki]]. Ina idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kuwa zaidi ya milioni 126 (2024), na hivyo kuwa nchi ya 10 kwa idadi ya watu duniani. Mji mkuu na mji mkubwa zaidi wa [[Meksiko (mji)|mji wa Meksiko]] ni Mexico City, ambao pia ni kitovu cha [[siasa]], [[uchumi]], na [[utamaduni]] wa [[taifa]] hilo. Licha ya changamoto kama ukosefu wa usawa wa [[jamii|kijamii]] na usalama, Meksiko ni moja ya nchi zenye [[uchumi]] mkubwa barani [[Amerika]], na ni mwanachama wa mashirika muhimu kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[G20]], na Jumuiya ya Nchi za Amerika (OAS). == Historia == Nchi jinsi ilivyo leo imeundwa na wakoloni Wa[[hispania]] walioivamia kuanzia mwaka [[1519]] na kuvunja [[utawala]] wa milki za wenyeji kama [[Azteki]] na [[Maya]]. ===Kabla ya uvamizi wa Hispania=== Watu wa kwanza waliofika huko kutoka kaskazini walikuwa [[Waindio]], wajukuu wa wahamiaji walioingia [[Amerika]] kutoka [[Asia ya Kaskazini]]. Hakuna uhakika kufika huko kulitokea lini: labda miaka 10,000 iliyopita<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Qxp-GWiDPioC&pg=PA386#v=onepage&q&f=false Michael S. Werner (January 2001). Concise Encyclopedia of Mexico. Taylor & Francis. pp. 386–. ISBN 978-1-57958-337-8]</ref>. Hao Waindio walikuwa [[wakulima]] hodari sana na [[mazao]] mbalimbali ambayo leo ni msingi wa [[chakula]] kote [[duniani]] yalianzishwa na kupandishwa nao, yakiwa pamoja na [[mahindi]], [[mboga]] na [[nyanya]]. [[Kilimo]] cha mahindi hukadiriwa kilianzishwa takriban mnamo mwaka [[9000 KK]]<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122905/ A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 30; 99(9): 6080–6084. doi: 10.1073/pnas.052125199]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/selection/corn |title="The Evolution of Corn". University of Utah HEALTH SCIENCES. Retrieved 2 January 2016 |accessdate=2016-03-20 |archive-date=2016-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401040226/http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/selection/corn/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Picha:20041229-Olmec Head (Museo Nacional de Antropología).jpg|250px|thumbnail|left|Sanamu ya kichwa ya Kiolmeki]] Kilimo kiliweka msingi kwa [[Kijiji|vijiji]] na [[jamii]] zilizoshirikiana katika maeneo makubwa. [[Miji]] ya kwanza inajulikana kuanzia takriban mwaka [[1500 KK]]. Staarabu mbalimbali zilistawi na kukua katika maeneo ya pwani ([[Waolmeki]], Wamaya) na katika [[nyanda za juu]] za Mexico ya kati ([[Wazapoteki]], [[Wamixeki]], [[Watolteki]], Waazteki). ====Waolmeki==== Ustaarabu wa kwanza unaojulikana ulikuwa wa [[Waolmeki]] baina ya 1500 KK na [[400 KK]]. Habari zao zinajulikana kutokana na [[akiolojia]] na mabaki ya miji na [[sanaa]] yao. Waolmeki walijenga miji wakaacha mifano ya sanaa yenye kiwango cha juu. Waliishi katika kanda la pwani la Mexiko katika majimbo ya leo ya [[Veracruz (jimbo)|Veracruz]] na [[Tabasco (jimbo)|Tabasco]]. Ni watu wa kwanza katika Mexiko wanaojulikana kubuni [[mwandiko]] na [[kalenda]], [[mchezo]] wa [[mpira]] na [[ujenzi]] wa [[piramidi]] za [[hekalu]]. Walikuwa hodari sana kuchonga [[sanamu]] ya [[Jiwe|mawe]], hasa [[Kichwa|vichwa]] vikubwa vyenye [[urefu]] WA zaidi ya [[mita]] 3. Walifaulu kuunda sanaa hii bila kujua vifaa vya [[metali]]. [[Picha:Zacuelu2.jpg|thumbnail|Hekalu - piramidi ya Kimaya]] [[Picha:Madrid Codex 9.jpg|thumbnail|150px|Ukurasa kutoka kitabu cha Kimaya - maandishi ya hiroglifi]] Sanamu nyingine inayorudirudi ni mtu-jagwaa inayounganisha sehemu ya [[maumbile]] ya [[binadamu]] na [[jagwa]]. Takriban mwaka 400–[[300 KK]] miji yao iliachwa na wakazi; hakuna uhakika ni nini iliyosababisha mwisho wa ustaarabu huu. ====Wamaya==== Upande wa [[mashariki]] wa Waolmeki ustaarabu wa [[Wamaya]] ulianza tangu takriban mwaka [[2000 KK]]. Wamaya walikalia [[rasi]] ya [[Yucatan]] pamoja na Guatemala na Belize ya leo. Waliishi katika vijiji na miji iliyojitegemea na kugombana kati yao mara kwa mara. Wamaya walibuni mwandiko wa [[hiroglifi]] wenye [[alama]] nyingi kupita maandishi mengine katika [[Amerika ya Kale]] na kutunga [[vitabu]]. Waliendeleza pia [[hisabati]], wakijua [[namba]] "[[sifuri]]" na kuboresha mfumo wa kalenda. Walikuwa hodari sana katika [[astronomia]] yaani [[elimu]] ya [[nyota]]. Walipamba miji yao kwa [[Jengo|majengo]] makubwa na mazuri na kuwa [[wafanyabiashara]] hodari. Sanaa yao ilijua [[uchongaji]] wa mawe na pia [[uchoraji]]. Jamii ya Wamaya ilifikia kiwango cha juu kuanzia mwaka [[500 KK]] wakati miji mikubwa ya kwanza ilipotokea. Mnamo mwaka [[800]] [[BK]] jamii za Wamaya katika Yucatan ziliporomoka; [[wataalamu]] wengi huamini ya kwamba mabadiliko ya [[ekolojia]] na [[halihewa]] pamoja na kuchoka kwa [[rutuba]] ya [[ardhi]] yalisababisha kutoka kwa watu katika makazi ya awali. Lakini ustaarabu huu uliona tena kipindi cha kustawi katika maeneo mengine hadi kuja kwa Wahispania. Miji mbalimbali ya Wamaya iliendelea kujitetea dhidi ya wavamizi na [[Nojpeten]], mji wa mwisho wa kujitegemea ulitekwa mwaka [[1696]] tu. ==== Teotihuacan ==== [[Picha:View from Pyramide de la luna.jpg|thumbnail|[[Barabara]] ya mahekalu na piramidi ya jua mjini Teotihuacan]] [[Teotihuacan]] ilikuwa mji mkubwa katika nyanda za juu, karibu na Mexico City ya leo. Kuanzia mwaka [[100 KK]] hadi takriban [[550]] BK ilikuwa mji mkubwa wa Amerika, pia moja kati ya miji mikubwa duniani na [[kitovu]] cha [[utamaduni]] kilichoathiri staarabu zote za Mexiko. "Teotihuacan" ilikuwa [[jina]] la Waazteki kwa mji huu, jina la kienyeji halikuhifadhiwa. Maana ya jina ni "mahali pa kuzaliwa kwa [[miungu]]". Wakati wa [[maendeleo]] yake mji ulikuwa na eneo la [[kilomita za mraba]] 30 ukiwa na wakazi angalau 150,000, labda hata 250,000 walioishi humo<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~izapa/M-15.pdf |title=Architecture, Astronomy, and Calendrics in Pre- Columbian Mesoamerica, Vincent H. Malmstrom |accessdate=2016-03-21 |archivedate=2006-11-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061103080118/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~izapa/M-15.pdf }}</ref>. Hakuna uhakika ni akina nani waliojenga Teotohuacan. Mji wote ulipangwa kwa kufuata [[barabara]] mbili zilizoelekea kaskazini-kusini na mashariki-magharibi. Hekalu kubwa na piramidi zinaonyesha umuhimu wa [[dini]], na mabaki ya [[nyumba]] za wakubwa na watu wa kawaida yanaruhusu kupata [[picha]] ya jamii iliyoishi hapa. Teotohuacan ilikuwa kitovu cha [[biashara]] ya misafara ya mbali na pia ya elimu. Ukubwa wa mji unaonyesha kiwango cha juu cha [[utawala]] na [[ushirikiano]] kati ya watu wake. Katika [[karne ya 6]] BK sehemu kubwa ya majengo iliharibika na kuchomwa. Hakuna uhakika kama hii ilikuwa tokeo la uvamizi kutoka nje au vurugu au [[mapinduzi]] ndani ya mji. Baada ya maharibio yale mji ulianza kurudi nyuma na idadi ya watu kupungua. Mnamo mwaka [[750]] BK watu wote waliondoka: ni [[ghofu|maghofu]] ya majengo makubwa tu yaliyobaki<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/teot/hd_teot.htm Teotihuacan, Department of Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas, The Metropolitan Museum of Art October 2001]</ref>. ====Milki ya Azteki==== [[Picha:Tlacochcalcatl.jpg|thumbnail|Askari wa Azteki]] Kuanzia mwaka 1325 kabila la [[Azteki]] likaunda mji wa [[Tenochtitlan]] kwenye kisiwa cha [[ziwa la Tezcoco]]. Waazteki wakaendelea kuunda milki kubwa lililoeena na kutawala sehmu kubwa ya nyanda za juu za Mexiko. Msingi wa milki yao ilikuwa ushirikiano na mji miwili jirani iliyounda mwungano wa pande tatu lakini Waazteki waliendelea kuwa mshiriki mkuu na mtawala wa Tenochtitlan hatimaye alikuwa mtawala mkuu. Walishambulia maeneo ya miji na makabila jirani na kuwalazimisha kulipa kadi kwao. Kama walikubali kutoa kodi kila mwaka na pia kushiriki katika vita za milki watawala wa kienyeji waliruhusiwa kuendelea na utawala wa ndani. Dini yao iliweka uzito kwa sadaka za binadamu waliochinjwa kwenye mahekalu ya miungu yao. Waliunda mfumo wa mikataba ya vita na milki nyingine ambako walikutana kwa mapigano yaliyo kubaliwa awali kwa shabaha ya kukamata wafungwa wengi iwezekanavyo na kuwatoa kama sadaka kwa miungu hekaluni baadaye. ====Uvamizi wa Wahispania==== Mwaka 1519 Mhispania [[Hernan Cortez]] alifika kwenye pwani la Mexiko. Katika miaka iliyofuata alifaulu kuendelea hadi mji wa Tenochtitlan akiongozana na kundi la Wahispania mamia kadhaa. Cortez aliweza kuungana na miji na makabila ya Waindio waliochoka utawala wa Azteki na kumpa askari za usaidizi. Mwaka 1520 waliingia Tenochtitlan kama wageni wa mfalme [[Montezuma II]] wakaendelea kumkamata lakini baada ya kifo cha mfalme walifukuzwa wakakimbia kwa matatizo katika "usiku wa huzuni" (Kihisp. ''noche triste''). Waazteki walidhoofishwa sana kutokana na [[epidemia]] ya ugonjwa wa [[ndui]]<ref>Ndui ilikuwa ugonjwa iliyokuwa kawaida katika Ulaya wakati ule lakini ilikuwa ugonjwa mgeni kwa wenyeji wa Amerika ambao walikosa kinga dhidi yake; hivyo ilikuwa kati ya magonjwa wa kuambukizwa kutoka Ulaya yaiyoua Waindio wengi katika karne zilizofuata.</ref>. Cortez aliweza kukusanya jeshi kubwa la Waindio waliopinga Waazteki akavamia na kuharibu Tenochtitlan mwaka 1521 na kwenye magofu ya mji huu alianzisha mji mpya wa [[Mexico City]] (Kihisp. ''Ciudad de Mexico''). ===Ukoloni=== [[Image:Virgen de guadalupe1.jpg|250px|thumb|Jinsi Bikira Maria alivyomtokea Juan Diego kwenye kilima Tepeyac, Mexico City.]] Baada ya Hispania kuteka sehemu kubwa ya nchi mwaka 1521, liliundwa [[koloni]] la [[Hispania Mpya]] chini ya makamu wa mfalme. Bila kujali [[ukatili]] wa Wahispania, [[Waindio]] walijiunga haraka na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kuhusiana na [[njozi]] ya mwenzao [[Juan Diego]] aliyetokewa na [[Bikira Maria]] huko [[Guadalupe, Mexico City|Guadalupe]] ([[12 Desemba]] [[1531]]), wakachanganyikana na wavamizi na kufanya [[taifa]] jipya lenye sura ya [[chotara|kichotara]], kiasi kwamba wengi wanajiona "mestizos" (machotara) hata wasipokuwa na [[damu]] mchanganyiko. ===Tangu uhuru hadi leo=== Baada ya [[karne]] tatu na baada ya [[vita]] vya [[ukombozi]], mwaka 1821 wakazi walijipatia [[uhuru]] kwa jina la Mexico. ====Vita ya uhuru ==== Mfano wa [[Vita ya uhuru wa Marekani|uhuru wa Marekani]] mwaka [[1776]] ulikuwa na athira pia kati ya wasomi wenyeji wa Mexiko. Jamii ya kikoloni iliundwa juu ya [[ubaguzi]] kati ya Kreoli (walowezi wenye asili ya Hispania bila mchanganyiko na Waindio), Mestizos (asilimia kubwa ya wenyeji waliotokana na [[ndoa]] za [[wanaume]] Wahispania na [[wanawake]] Waindio) na Waindio wenyewe. Lakini vyeo vyote vya juu, kama maafisa wa juu wa serikali, vilipatikana pekee kwa watu waliozaliwa Hispania na kutumwa Mexiko. Mawazo ya uhuru yalianza kupatikana kati ya Kreoli na Mestizos wa matabaka ya juu. Chanzo cha vita ya uhuru kilikuwa mabadiliko katika [[Ulaya]]. [[Napoleon Bonaparte|Napoleon]] mtawala wa [[Ufaransa]] alimkamata mfalme [[Ferdinand VII]] wa Hispania akamlazimisha kujiuzulu na kumpa [[kaka]] yake [[Yosefu Napoleon]] [[ufalme wa Hispania]]. Hatua hii ilifuatwa na wimbi la uasi nchini Hispania dhidi ya mfalme Mfaransa. Katika Hispania Mpya (Mexico) kamati za miji kadhaa zilizoongozwa na Kreoli ziliapa kumfuata mfalme mfungwa halali pekee. Kamati Kuu ya Mexiko City ilitaka kuanzisha bunge la pekee kwa sababu Hispania haikuwa tena na serikali halali. Mfalme mdogo (gavana mkuu) alikubali. Viongozi wengine walitangaza ilhali mfalme halali hayuko tena sasa, nguvu yote iko mkononi mwa wananchi. Hapo Wahispania katika koloni walioshika vyeo vikuu waliamua kumpindua mfalme mdogo na kuwakamata viongozi wa Kreoli. Uasi ulifaulu lakini vikundi vidogo vya wapinzani wa uhuru kutoka Hispania waliendelea kukutana nchini na kukusanya viongozi. Hatimaye [[padre]] Kreoli [[Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla]] alikusanya jeshi la [[wanamgambo]] [[wakulima]] Waindio na Kreoli akapigana na jeshi lililokuwa chini ya mamlaka ya maofisa Wahispania. Miguel Hidalgo alishindwa na kuuawa, lakini hii ilikuwa chanzo cha uasi mkubwa ambao Wakreoli na wakulima Waindio walipigana na jeshi lililofuata amri ya Wahispania katika koloni. Mwaka kiongozi wa upande wa migambo ya uhuru Guerrero na jenerali wa jeshi la serikali [[Agustin de Iturbide]] walikutana wakapatana kuungana. Vikosi vingi vya jeshi la kikoloni vilihamia upande wao. Gavana mpya aliyefika kutoka Hispania aliamua kukubali uhuru uliotangazwa tarehe [[28 Septemba]] [[1821]]. Iturbide alikuwa [[rais]] wa kwanza na baadaye kwa kipindi kifupi [[Kaisari]] wa Mexiko hadi kujiuzulu mwaka [[1823]]: hapo Mexiko ikaendelea kuwa [[jamhuri]]. ====Karne ya 19==== [[Picha:Mexico's Territorial Evolution.png|300px|thumbnail|Maeneo yaliyoongezwa, yaliyotengwa au kujitenga na Mexiko tangu uhuru wa mwaka 1821: A) Maeneo yaliyotwaliwa na Marekani (nyekundu, kichungwa, nyeupe), Chiapas kuchukuliwa kutoka Guatemala (buluu), eneo la Yucatan lililotwaliwa (nyekundu) na maeneo ya Shirikisho la Amerika ya Kati ([[zambarau]]).]] Katika miaka iliyofuata nchi haikupata msimamo imara kisiasa wala kiuchumi. Serikali mara nyingi zilikuwa hafifu na kubadilishana. Vikundi vya [[ushikiliaji ukale]] na [[uliberali]] vilipigana hadi kuingia katika [[vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]]. Mwaka wa uhuru maeneo ya kusini yalijitenga na kuwa [[Shirikisho la Amerika ya Kati]] lililofarakana baadaye kuwa nchi za [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[El Salvador]], [[Nikaragua]] na [[Costa Rica]]. Mwaka [[1835]] Marekani ilijaribu kununua maeneo ya [[Texas]] na [[Kalifornia]] lakini Meksiko ilikataa. Hata hivyo utawala wa Mexiko kuhusu maeneo haya ya kaskazini yake ulikuwa hafifu na wa juujuu tu, Waindio walijitegemea hali halisi nje ya miji michache. Hivyo serikali ya Mexiko ilikaribisha walowezi kutoka Marekani kuhamia Texas. Hao walowezi wenye utamaduni wa [[Kiingereza]]-Kimarekani walitangaza uhuru wao mwaka [[1836]] wakaunda [[Jamhuri ya Texas]] iliyochukuliwa na Marekani mwaka [[1845]] kuwa jimbo lake. Hatua hii ilisababisha [[Vita ya Marekani na Mexiko]] ya miaka [[1846]]–[[1848]]. Mexiko ikashindwa na kaskazini yote ikawa sehemu ya Marekani ([[Kalifornia]], [[New Mexico]], [[Arizona]], [[Nevada]], [[Utah]] na [[Colorado]], jumla [[theluthi]] moja ya eneo lake lote. Mexiko ilishambuliwa mara mbili na [[Ufaransa]] kutokana na madai juu ya [[madeni]] ya taifa kwa [[raia]] au [[benki]] za nje. Kwenye [[vita ya keki]] ([[1838]]-[[1839]]) Ufaransa ilidai fidia kwa uharibifu uliotokea katika duka la keki la Mfaransa mjini Mexiko na [[manowari]] za Ufaransa zilishambulia bandari za Mexiko hadi rais wake kukubali deni hili. Mashambulio makubwa zaidi yalifuata mwaka [[1861]]. Mexiko ilishindwa kulipa madeni kwa mataifa ya nje. Ufaransa chini ya [[Napoleon III]] iliamua kufanya Mexiko nusu-koloni yake; jeshi la Ufaransa ilivamia nchi, kufukuza serikali na kumweka [[Mwaustria]] [[Maximilian I wa Mexiko|Maximilian I]] kama "Kaisari wa Mexiko". Serikali ya rais [[Benito Juarez]] ilipinga uvamizi huu kwa njia ya vita ya wanamgambo na mwaka [[1866]] Wafaransa walipaswa kuondoka tena, Maximilian aliuawa mwaka [[1867]]. ====Karne ya 20==== Utawala wa rais [[Porfirio Díaz]] uliendelea kwa miaka zaidi ya 30 na kuwasha moto ya [[mapinduzi ya Mexiko]] alipojaribu kushinda tena kwa udanganyifu mwaka [[1910]]. Miaka hadi 1921 [[vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] iliharibu sehemu kubwa za nchi. Kuna makadirio ya kwamba wananchi milioni 1,5 (kati ya milioni 15) waliuawa na zaidi ya 200,000 walikuwa [[wakimbizi]], hasa kwenda Marekani<ref>[http://www.hist.umn.edu/~rmccaa/missmill/mxrev.htm Robert McCaa, "Missing millions: the human cost of the Mexican Revolution." Mexican Studies 19#2 (2001)]</ref>. Mwaka [[1917]] katiba mpya ya nchi ilitolewa na mkutano wa bunge maalumu. Katiba hii ilikuwa katiba ya kwanza duniani kutangaza [[haki za kijamii]]. Hizo haki zililenga kutunza na kuboresha hali ya wananchi wenye maisha magumu kama wafanyakazi na wakulima dhidi ya [[ubepari|mabepari]] na wenye mashamba makubwa<ref>[https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=rwaNmEXho5QC&q=%22out+social+rights%22&hl=es-419#v=snippet&q=%22out%20social%20rights%22&f=false Akhtar Majeed, Ronald Lampman Watts, and Douglas Mitchell Brown (2006). Distribution of powers and responsibilities in federal countries. McGill-Queen's Press. p. 188. ISBN 0-7735-3004-5.]</ref>. Katiba hii iliweka mamlaka nyingi mikononi mwa rais wa taifa anayechaguliwa na wananchi wote kwa kipindi kimoja cha miaka 6, halafu hawezi kuchaguliwa tena. Shabaha nyingine ya vifungu katika katiba ilikuwa kupunguza uwezo wa Kanisa Katoliki kuathiri siasa na jamii na hatimaye kukomesha [[imani]] hiyo. Siasa hii dhidi ya [[Ukristo]] iliendelea chini ya rais Calles na kusababisha kipindi kingine cha vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe miaka ya [[1926]]-[[1929]]. Katika mapigano hayo yaliyoitwa ''[[La Cristiada]]'' wakulima wengi walichukua silaha kwa jina la [[Kristo]] [[Kristo Mfalme|Mfalme]] dhidi ya jeshi la serikali ili kutetea [[uhuru wa dini]], wakipinga kufungwa kwa [[Kanisa|makanisa]], kuzuiwa [[ibada]] mbalimbali za hadhara na kuuawa kwa mapadre kama [[Mtakatifu]] [[Kristofa Magallanes]] na wenzake. Vita hivyo vilisababisha vifo 250,000 na idadi hiyohiyo ya wakimbizi waliojisalimisha Marekani. Baada ya mapinduzi mamlaka ilichukuliwa na Chama cha kitaifa cha mapinduzi (Partido Nacional Revolucionario PNR) kilichoendelea kutawala kwa miaka 71 kuanzia 1929 hadi [[2000]]. == Watu == Wakazi ni 129,875,529: wengi wao ni ma[[chotara]] wenye [[damu]] ya [[Wahindi wekundu]] (31/55% hivi) na [[Wazungu]] (42/65% hivi). Wenye asili ya [[Ulaya]] tu ni 9/18%. Wenye asili ya [[Afrika]] ni 2%. Ni nchi ya kwanza duniani kwa wingi wa watu wanaotumia [[lugha]] ya [[Kihispania]] ambayo ni [[lugha ya taifa]], lakini wengine (9.8/14.9%) wanaendelea kutumia lugha asilia tangu kabla ya [[ukoloni]] kama vile [[Nahuatl]], [[Yukatek]] [[Maya]], [[Mixtek]] na [[Zapoteki|Zapotek]]. Nchini wanaishi Wamarekani milioni 1, halafu [[wahamiaji]] wengine kutoka Amerika ya Kati, [[Lebanon]], nchi nyingine za [[Asia]] n.k. Kinyume chake, Wameksiko 13 milioni wako Marekani, na raia wengine 23 milioni wa nchi hiyo wana asili ya Meksiko. Upande wa [[dini]] walio wengi ni wafuasi wa [[Yesu Kristo]] katika [[Kanisa Katoliki]] (77.7%) au [[madhehebu]] mengine (11.2%). Ni nchi ya pili duniani kwa wingi wa Wakatoliki, baada ya [[Brazil]], na karibu [[nusu]] kati yao wanashiriki [[ibada]] kila [[wiki]]. Wasio na dini ni 8.1%. == Majimbo ya Mexiko == # [[Aguascalientes (jimbo)|Aguascalientes]] # [[Baja California (jimbo)|Baja California]] # [[Baja California Sur]] # [[Campeche (jimbo)|Campeche]] # [[Chiapas]] # [[Chihuahua (jimbo)|Chihuahua]] # [[Coahuila]] # [[Colima (jimbo)|Colima]] # [[Durango (jimbo)|Durango]] # [[Guanajuato (jimbo)|Guanajuato]] # [[Guerrero (jimbo)|Guerrero]] # [[Hidalgo (jimbo)|Hidalgo]] # [[Jalisco]] # [[Mexico (jimbo)|Mexico]] # [[Michoacán]] # [[Morelos]] # [[Nayarit]] # [[Nuevo León]] # [[Oaxaca (jimbo)|Oaxaca]] # [[Puebla (jimbo)|Puebla]] # [[Querétaro (jimbo)|Querétaro]] # [[Quintana Roo]] # [[San Luis Potosí (jimbo)|San Luis Potosí]] # [[Sinaloa]] # [[Sonora (jimbo)|Sonora]] # [[Tabasco (jimbo)|Tabasco]] # [[Tamaulipas]] # [[Tlaxcala (jimbo)|Tlaxcala]] # [[Veracruz (jimbo)|Veracruz]] # [[Yucatán (jimbo)|Yucatán]] # [[Zacatecas (jimbo)|Zacatecas]] [[Picha:Mx-map.png|thumb|400px|Ramani ya Mexiko]] [[Picha:Tulum-Seaside-2010.jpg|thumb|300px]] [[Picha:Castillo de Chapultepec.jpg|thumb|300px]] [[Picha:Cancun Riu Balcony - Flickr - Joe Parks.jpg|thumb|300px]] [[Picha:Cabo San Lucas Los Arcos 2.jpg|thumb|300px]] ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya milima ya Meksiko]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Marejeo== {{Refbegin|30em}} * Camp, Roderic A. ''Politics in Mexico: Democratic Consolidation Or Decline?'' (Oxford University Press, 2014) * Davis, Diane. ''Urban leviathan: Mexico City in the twentieth century'' (Temple University Press, 2010) *{{cite journal | last1 = Domínguez | first1 = Jorge I | year = 2004 | title = The Scholarly Study of Mexican Politics | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_mexican-studies_summer-2004_20_2/page/377| journal = Mexican Studies / Estudios Mexicanos | volume = 20 | issue = 2| pages = 377–410 }} * Edmonds-Poli, Emily, and David Shirk. ''Contemporary Mexican Politics'' (Rowman and Littlefield 2009) *Kirkwood, Burton. ''The History of Mexico'' (Greenwood, 2000) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15456726 online edition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15456726 |date=20091224124206 }} *{{Rejea kitabu|first=Enrique| last=Krauze| authorlink=Enrique Krauze| title=Mexico: Biography of Power: A history of Modern Mexico 1810–1996| publisher=Harper Perennial| location=New York| year=1998| isbn=0-06-092917-0| page=896 }} *{{Rejea kitabu| editor1-first=Michael C.| editor1-last=Meyer| editor2-first=William H.| editor2-last=Beezley| title=The Oxford History of Mexico| url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195112283| publisher=Oxford University Press| year=2000| isbn=0-19-511228-8| page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195112283/page/n149 736]}} * Levy, Santiago. ''Good intentions, bad outcomes: Social policy, informality, and economic growth in Mexico'' (Brookings Institution Press, 2010) * Meyer, Michael C., William L. Sherman, and Susan M. Deeds. ''The Course of Mexican History'' (7th ed. Oxford U.P., 2002) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=113260662 online edition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=113260662 |date=20110202103530 }} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Russell |first=Philip |title=The history of Mexico: from pre-conquest to present |url=http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415872379/ |accessdate=July 9, 2010 |year=2010 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-87237-9 }} * Tannenbaum, Frank. ''Mexico: the struggle for peace and bread'' (2013) * Werner, Michael S. ed. ''Encyclopedia of Mexico: History, Society & Culture'' (2 vol 1997) 1440pp [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98882479 online edition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98882479 |date=20100124111608 }} ** Werner, Michael S. ed. '' Concise Encyclopedia of Mexico'' (2001) 850pp; a selection of unrevised articles {{Refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== *{{Official website|http://en.presidencia.gob.mx/|name=The Presidency of Mexico}} *[http://www.visitmexico.com/en-i0/ Mexico Tourism Official Website | VisitMexico] {{Wayback|url=http://www.visitmexico.com/en-i0/ |date=20120604062931 }} *{{CIA World Factbook link|mx|Mexico}} *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mexico.htm Mexico] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mexico.htm |date=20080607085229 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *{{Dmoz|Regional/North_America/Mexico}} *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1205074.stm Mexico] from the [[BBC News]] *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/379167/Mexico Mexico] at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' *{{Wikiatlas|Mexico}} *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MX Key Development Forecasts for Mexico] from [[International Futures]] *[http://www.conservapedia.com/Mexico_by_World_Painters Mexico by World Painters.] [[Jamii:Mexiko| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kihispania]] [[Jamii:Amerika ya Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] jfs5e5fbpi29zifp4j7ic2pjevkdmmn 0 8163 1615545 1530258 2026-11-08T05:34:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615545 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Soko la hisa la Malawi]] ni [[soko la hisa]] ya [[Malawi]]. Makao makuu yapo [[Blantyre]]. ==Orodha ya kampuni== :''Februari 2007'' *[[Blantyre Hotels]] - ''BHL'' *[[Commercial Bank of Malawi]] - ''CBM'' *''FMB'' *[[Illovo Sugar]] - ''ILLOVO'' *[[National Bank of Malawi]] - ''NBM'' *[[National Insurance Company]] - ''NICO'' *''NITL'' *''PCL'' *''PIM'' *[[Stanbic Bank]] - ''STANBIC'' *''SUNBIRD'' Makumpani za kigeni *''OML'' ==Tazama pia== *[[Uchumi wa Malawi]] ==Viungo vya nje== *{{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20230311112131/https://www.mse.co.mw/ Soko la hisa la Malawi] {{mbegu-uchumi}} [[Jamii:Soko la hisa|Malawi]] [[Jamii:Uchumi wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Blantyre]] i5cm68fcluiqc5sqhsjgtkuymnegjo4 0 8588 1615655 1528069 2026-11-08T10:00:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615655 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Bao_players_in_stone_town_zanzibar.jpg|thumb|[[Waswahili]] wakicheza [[bao]] huko [[Mji Mkongwe|Mji Mkongwe Zanzibar]]]] [[Faili:Khanga dresed lady 01.png|thumb|Mwanamke aliyevaa mavazi ya kisasa, [[Tanzania]], [[Bagamoyo]]]] '''Utamaduni wa Waswahili''' ni utamaduni wa [[Waswahili]] wanaoishi katika [[Pwani ya Waswahili]]. Eneo hili la pwani linajumuisha [[Tanzania]], [[Kenya]], na [[Msumbiji]], pamoja na visiwa jirani vya [[Zanzibar]] na [[Komoro]] pamoja na baadhi ya maeneo ya [[Malawi]] na mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Waswahili huzungumza lugha ya [[Kiswahili]] kama lugha yao ya asili, ambayo ni ya familia ya [[lugha za Kibantu]]. [[Graham Connah]] alielezea utamaduni wa Waswahili wa mijini kwa kiasi fulani, wa kibiashara, na wa kisomi.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last=Connah, Graham |title=African Civilizations : an archaeological perspective|date=2016 |publisher=|isbn=978-1-107-01187-8|edition=Third |location=New York|page=182|oclc=919041863}}</ref> Utamaduni wa Kiswahili ni zao la historia ya maeneo ya pwani ya [[Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika]]. Kama ilivyo kwa lugha ya Kiswahili, utamaduni wa Kiswahili una msingi wa [[lugha za Kibantu]] ambao umeathiriwa na mwingiliano wa tamaduni za kigeni. ==Historia na utambulisho== Maeneo ya kihistoria ya pwani ya Waswahili yanaonyesha utamaduni ulio na mila mbalimbali za kienyeji tangu karne ya tisa BK. Hii imebadilika na kuwa utamaduni wa Kiswahili wa kisasa.<ref>Spear, Thomas. “Early Swahili History Reconsidered.” ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies'' vol. 33 no. 2 (2000): 285-286.</ref><ref>Wilson, Thomas H. "Spatial Analysis and Settlement Patterns on the Eastern African Coast" ''Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde'' Bd. 28 (1982): 201.</ref> Kwa sasa, kuna makazi 173 yaliyotambuliwa ambayo yaliendelea katika pwani ya Waswahili na visiwa jirani kuanzia karne ya tisa hadi ya kumi na saba, yakiwemo maeneo ya [[Kilwa Kisiwani|Kilwa]], [[Malindi]], [[Gede, Kenya|Gedi]], [[Pate Island|Pate]], [[Komoro]], na [[Zanzibar]].<ref>Connah, Graham. ''African Civilizations: An Archaeological Perspective.'' 2nd ed. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001): 192.</ref> Uchimbaji wa hivi karibuni katika maeneo haya ya pwani umetumika kuchunguza ueneaji wa Uislamu Afrika Mashariki na maendeleo ya utamaduni wa Kiswahili.<ref>Pradines, Stephane. '''“'''Islamization and Urbanization on the Coast of East Africa: recent excavations at Gedi, Kenya.” ''Aania'' vol. 38 (2003): 180.</ref> Hata hivyo, utambulisho wa Waswahili (na wa watu wanaohusishwa na maendeleo ya utamaduni katika pwani ya Kiswahili) umekuwa ukibishaniwa katika historia na sasa.<ref>Spear, Thomas. “Early Swahili History Reconsidered.” ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies'' vol. 33 no. 2 (2000): 257.</ref> Matumizi ya kihistoria ya matumbawe kati ya Waswahili katika ujenzi, ambapo walitumia mawe kama nyenzo ya kujenga misikiti na makaburi, yamehusishwa na kuanza kwa matumizi ya mawe ya matumbawe katika karne ya kumi na nne kwa majengo yaliyoonekana kuwa na umuhimu mkubwa.<ref name=":0">Reynolds, David West. "Swahili Ghost Town." ''Archaeology'' vol. 54 no. 6 (November/December 2001): 46.</ref> Kinyume chake, imedaiwa kuwa maeneo hayo yaliundwa na wakoloni Waarabu au Waajemi.<ref>Schofield, J. F. "The City of Gedi: Presidential Address." ''The South African Archaeological Bulletin'' vol. 10 no. 38 (June 1955): 35.</ref> Kuna madai kwamba utamaduni wa Kiswahili ulitokana na makazi ya wafanyabiashara Waarabu, ambapo magofu yalikuwa yakijulikana kama miji ya Kiarabu na baadhi ya Waswahili walijitambulisha kama kizazi cha Waarabu au Waajemi.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Spear, Thomas. “Early Swahili History Reconsidered.” ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies'' vol. 33 no. 2 (2000): 258.</ref> Maoni yaliyochapishwa mwaka 2000 yanapendekeza kwamba maeneo ya pwani ya Kiswahili ya kipindi cha kati yalitokana na maendeleo ya kienyeji kwa kuanzishwa kwa jamii ndogo za kilimo na uvuvi ambazo zilikua na kuwa utamaduni wa Kiswahili kupitia biashara, hali ambayo ilisababisha kuongezeka kwa ushawishi wa Kiislamu katika karne ya kumi na mbili.<ref>Spear, Thomas. “Early Swahili History Reconsidered.” ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies'' vol. 33 no. 2 (2000): 258 & 280.</ref> Kuongezeka kwa mawasiliano na ulimwengu wa Kiislamu kungesababisha muunganiko wa tamaduni za Kiafrika na Kiarabu, na hivyo kuunda utamaduni wa Kiswahili wa kienyeji.<ref>Reynolds, David West. "Swahili Ghost Town." ''Archaeology'' vol. 54 no. 6 (November/December 2001): 44.</ref> Mchanganyiko wa mitazamo hii miwili upo katika simulizi za wafanyabiashara Waarabu waliooa wanawake wa kienyeji, hali iliyounda utamaduni wa Kiswahili wa kipekee wenye asili ya Kiarabu na Kiafrika.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Kirkman, J. S. "The Culture of the Kenya Coast in the Later Middle Ages: Some Conclusions from Excavations 1948-56." ''The South African Archaeological Bulletin'' vol. 11 no. 44 (December 1956): 91.</ref> Utamaduni huu unaonekana kuanzia Kenya na Tanzania kisha kusambaa hadi [[Msumbiji]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071029015303/http://whc.unesco.org/exhibits/afr_rev/africa-k.htm ''Swahili Culture'']. 2006. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved on 2009-04-01</ref> Takwimu kutoka kwenye utafiti wa vinasaba vya Waswahili zilichapishwa mwaka 2023. Vinasaba vya watu kadhaa waliokuwa wamezikwa katika makazi ya Kiswahili ya Kati huko Kenya na Tanzania kati ya 1250 na 1800 zilikusanywa na kuchambuliwa. Utafiti ulibaini kwamba "jenomu za watu hawa zinaonyesha asili mbalimbali za utamaduni wa Kiswahili, zikiwa na mchanganyiko wa Kiafrika wa kienyeji, Mashariki ya Kati, na Asia Kusini", na kuunga mkono usahihi wa masimulizi ya mdomo ambayo mara nyingi yamepuuzwa kuhusu asili ya utamaduni wa Kiswahili.<ref>Callaway, Ewen, ''[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00941-1 Ancient DNA illuminates Swahili culture’s origins, Genomes uncovered from centuries-old East African towns revise conclusions of colonial science]'', ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'', March 31, 2023 </ref> Mwanakiolojia Chapurukha Kusimba, aliyeshirikiana kuongoza utafiti huu, alisema kwamba watu hao "walikuwa kizazi cha watu waliokuwa wameanza kuchangamana karibu mwaka 1000. Takriban asili yote ya Kiafrika ilitokana na wanawake, huku asili nyingi za Kiasia zikichangiwa na wanaume kutoka [[Uajemi]]", na kwamba matokeo ya vipimo vya vinasaba yanathibitisha simulizi za mdomo za Waswahili, yakibatilisha wazo la kikoloni kwamba ustaarabu wa Kiswahili ni au ulikuwa "kimsingi ni ustaarabu wa Kiarabu". Miji ya kale ya Waswahili ilifuata Uislamu na ilikuwa na mwingiliano wa kimataifa na huru kisiasa kutoka kwa kila mmoja.<ref>[http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Swahili.html Swahili Information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060918162312/http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Swahili.html |date=2006-09-18 }}. ''Art & Life in Africa''. 1998. Chuo Kikuu cha Iowa. Retrieved on 2009-04-01</ref> Bidhaa kuu za kuuza kutoka tamaduni hizi zilikuwa [[watumwa]], [[chumvi]], [[mpingo]], [[dhahabu]], [[pembe za ndovu]], na [[sandalwood]]. Miji hii ya pwani ilianza kudhoofika kuelekea karne ya kumi na sita, hasa kufuatia ujio wa [[Ureno]]. Hatimaye, vituo vya biashara vya Kiswahili vilifungwa, na biashara kati ya Afrika na Asia kupitia Bahari ya Hindi ikaporomoka.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/CIVAFRCA/SWAHILI.HTM |title=Civilizations in Africa - The Swahili Kingdoms |author=Richard Hooker |date=1997 |website=wsu.edu |publisher=[[Washington State University]] |access-date=24 April 2015 |url-status=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104101925/http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/CIVAFRCA/SWAHILI.HTM |archivedate=January 4, 2011 }}</ref> Utamaduni wa kale wa Kiswahili ulikuwa wa mijini na ulikuwa na mfumo wa daraja kali za kijamii.<ref>Garlake, Peter, ''Early Art and Architecture of Africa'', p. 169, Oxford, 2002</ref> Vipengele vya utamaduni wa Kiswahili ni mbalimbali kutokana na athari zake nyingi. Kwa mfano, vyakula vya Kiswahili vina athari kutoka India na Kiarabu. Kuna mabadiliko kwenye baadhi ya vyakula kwa sababu za kidini.<ref name="Mwambo">[http://www.mwambao.com/dishes.htm Dishes] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mwambao.com/dishes.htm |date=20260215080212 }}, Mwambo.com Retrieved on 2009-04-01</ref> Baadhi ya vyakula vya kawaida ni samaki, matunda ya tropiki, na viungo vya kupikia. ==Sanaa na ufundi== [[File:Zanzibar-pysa-coin.jpg|thumb|right|Maandishi ya [[Kiswahili]] kwa herufi za Kiarabu kwenye sarafu ya Pesa Moja kutoka [[Zanzibar]] takriban 1299 AH (1882 AD)]] [[File:Two women wearing Kangas.jpg|thumb|Wanawake wamevaa Kanga zenye methali za Kiswahili na miundo ya kijiometri huko [[Moshi, Tanzania]] ]] [[File:Lamu door.jpg|thumb|right|Maandishi ya [[Kiswahili]] kwa herufi za Kiarabu kwenye mlango wa mbao uliochongwa [[Lamu]], [[Kenya]]]] [[File:Fortjesusdoor.JPG|thumb|right|Maandishi ya [[Kiswahili]] kwa Kiarabu kwenye mlango wa mbao katika [[Fort Jesus]], [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]]]] Kipengele kingine muhimu cha utamaduni wa Kiswahili ni matumizi ya sanaa na ufundi, ambavyo kwao ni muhimu. Wanapoonyesha sanaa, hujieleza kupitia ubunifu na pia kwa umbo na matumizi. Sanaa, samani, na usanifu wa Kiswahili huonyesha athari za kitamaduni mbalimbali.<ref name="Mwambo"/> Mara nyingi huepuka kutumia miundo yenye picha za viumbe hai kutokana na urithi wao wa Kiislamu. Badala yake, miundo ya Kiswahili huwa ya kijiometri. Kuna mavazi muhimu ambayo ni sehemu ya sanaa na ufundi kama vile [[Kanga (African garment)|Kanga]]. Kanga si tu kipande cha kitambaa cha mstatili, bali ni ishara ya utamaduni wa Kiswahili. Kitambaa hiki hutengenezwa kwa umakini mkubwa na kinapaswa kuendana na msimu. Kwa mfano, ikiwa hakilingani na msimu, basi hakiwezi kuitwa Kanga bali hutumika kama nepi au apron ya jikoni. Ingawa Kanga ni ya bei nafuu, bado ni sehemu kuu ya utamaduni wa Kiswahili. Kanga hutengenezwa Tanzania na huvutia zaidi wanawake, lakini wanaume hawazuiliwi kutumia. Pia hutumika kumbebea mtoto mgongoni, kubeba tikiti kichwani, au kama kivalo cha mapishi jikoni. ==Muziki== Aina ya muziki maarufu zaidi katika utamaduni wa Kiswahili ni [[taarab]] (au tarabu), unaoimbwa kwa lugha ya Kiswahili. Melodi zake na ala hutokana na athari za Kiarabu na Kihindi, ingawa vyombo vya magharibi kama vile akodioni au [[gitaa]] wakati mwingine hutumiwa.<ref name="Mwambo"/><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2007-09-26 |title=TARABU : MusicWeb Encyclopaedia of Popular Music |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/encyclopaedia/t/T9.HTM |access-date=2025-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926231356/http://www.musicweb-international.com/encyclopaedia/t/T9.HTM |archive-date=26 September 2007 }}</ref> Katika karne ya 20, aina kadhaa za muziki zilitokea katika ulimwengu wa Kiswahili, zikiwa ni matawi ya muziki wa kisasa wa Magharibi. Mfano maarufu ni [[muziki wa dansi]], ambao ni sawa na [[soukous]] ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (rumba). Katika miongo ya mwisho ya karne hiyo, muziki wa Kiswahili ulifanana zaidi na [[Afro pop music|afropop]], ikiwa ni pamoja na mitindo ya hapa nyumbani yenye athari kutoka [[hip hop]] ya Marekani (kwa mfano [[Bongo Flava|bongo flava]]). ==Fasihi== {{main|Fasihi ya Kiswahili}} ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Utamaduni wa Waswahili}} [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Tanzania| ]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Kenya| ]] [[Jamii:Uislamu barani Afrika]] [[Jamii:Akiolojia]] [[Jamii:Waswahili]] [[Jamii:Afrika ya Mashariki]] t3wypzd3g8rwv8on7grjmpc9us4frns 0 15430 1615624 1306966 2026-11-08T09:06:43Z Muddyb 379 Kuboresha makala 1615624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mwigizaji 2 | jina = Akira Kurosawa | picha = Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg | maelezo ya picha = Akira Kurosawa akiwa kazini kwenye utengenezaji wa filamu ya Seven Samurai (1953) | jina la kuzaliwa = Akira Kurosawa (黒澤 明) | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = [[23 Machi]] [[1910]] | mahala pa kuzaliwa = Omori, Tokyo, [[Japani]] | tarehe ya kufa = [[6 Septemba]] [[1998]] (akiwa na umri wa miaka 88) | mahala alipofia = Setagaya, Tokyo, [[Japani]] | jina lingine = | kazi yake = [[Mwongozaji wa filamu]], [[mwandishi wa skrini]], [[mhariri wa filamu]], [[mtayarishaji wa filamu]] | miaka ya kazi = 1936–1993 | ndoa = Yōko Yaguchi (waliofunga ndoa 1945–1984, kifo chake) | watoto = 2 (Hisao Kurosawa, Kazuko Kurosawa) | mahusiano ya kimapenzi = | tovuti = }} '''Akira Kurosawa''' (kwa Kijapani: 黒澤 明; [[23 Machi]] [[1910]] – [[6 Septemba]] [[1998]]) alikuwa mmoja wa waongozaji wa filamu na fundi wa sanaa ya sinema wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi katika historia ya dunia. Akiwa na kazi iliyotangaza enzi za dhahabu za sinema ya Japani kwa takriban miongo mitano. Kurosawa alitengeneza filamu zilizovunja mipaka ya kitamaduni na kuleta mageuzi makubwa katika mtindo wa uongozaji duniani kote.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akira Kurosawa |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Akira-Kurosawa |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=8 Novemba 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Akira Kurosawa |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/akira-kurosawa |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=8 Novemba 2026}}</ref> Kurosawa aliongoza filamu 30 katika kazi yake ya takriban miaka 50. Filamu zake zilijulikana kwa uandishi na uigizaji uliovuta hisia, upigaji picha wa kina, matumizi ya mvua, uwanja wa vita, uwezo wa kubadilisha hadithi za kihistoria kuwa kazi zenye maana ya kimataifa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akira Kurosawa |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1990 |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |access-date=8 Novemba 2026}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Kurosawa alizaliwa [[Omori]], [[Tokyo]], tarehe 23 Machi 1910. Alikuwa mtoto wa nane kati ya watoto wa Isamu Kurosawa, afisa wa jeshi, na Shima Kurosawa. Katika utoto wake, Kurosawa alipendezwa na uchoraji, sanaa, vitabu na sinema. Alichukua masomo ya uchoraji katika shule ya sanaa, lakini baadaye alitambua kuwa sinema ilikuwa njia bora zaidi ya kuelezea mawazo yake kuhusu maisha, jamii na ubinadamu. Kwa mujibu wa kumbukumbu zake za kazi, alipata ushawishi mkubwa kutoka kwa mwalimu wake wa shule ya msingi, Tachikawa Seiji, ambaye alimsaidia kuelewa maana ya kufikiri kwa uhuru, kuheshimu ubunifu na kujifunza kwa makini. Ushawishi huo unaonekana katika mwelekeo wake wa baadaye wa kutumia filamu kama chombo cha kufundisha na kubadilisha mtazamo wa jamii. == Mwanzo wa kazi == Kurosawa alianza safari yake ya sanaa akianza kama mchoraji kabla ya kujiunga na sekta ya filamu mwaka 1936 kama mwongozaji msaidizi na mwandishi wa filamu katika studio za PCL, ambazo baadaye zilikuwa sehemu ya Toho. Katika kipindi hicho, alifanya kazi chini ya waongozaji kadhaa wa Kijapani na akajifunza mbinu za uongozaji, uandishi wa muswada, uhariri na usimamizi wa uigizaji. Uzoefu huo ulimpa msingi imara wa kazi yake ya baadaye kama mwongozaji wa filamu. Aliongoza filamu yake ya kwanza ya kujitegemea, ''Sanshiro Sugata'', mwaka 1943 wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]]. Filamu hiyo ilikuwa hadithi kuhusu mwanariadha wa judo na ilionyesha mapema uwezo wa Kurosawa wa kubadilisha hadithi rahisi kuwa kazi yenye nguvu ya kimaono na kimaadili. == Ushirikiano na Toshirō Mifune == Ushirikiano wake wa karibu na muigizaji mashuhuri [[Toshirō Mifune]] ulizaa kazi nyingi za kihistoria zilizotikisa kimataifa. Mifune alikuwa mwigizaji aliyeweza kubeba nafasi za wajibu wa kihistoria, wa kijamii na wa kisaikolojia kwa nguvu kubwa. Kurosawa na Mifune walifanya kazi pamoja katika filamu kama ''[[Drunken Angel]]'' (1948), ''Stray Dog'' (1949), ''Rashomon'' (1950), ''Ikiru'' (1952), ''[[Seven Samurai]]'' (1954), ''Yojimbo'' (1961) na ''Sanjuro'' (1962). Ushirikiano huo ulikuwa miongoni mwa mafanikio makubwa zaidi ya ushirikiano kati ya mwongozaji na mwigizaji katika sinema ya Japani. Mifune alikuwa na uwezo wa kuonyesha hasira, huzuni, ujasiri na ucheshi katika nafasi moja. Kurosawa alitumia uwezo huo kujenga wahusika wenye nguvu ambao wangekuwa sehemu ya kumbukumbu ya sinema ya dunia. == Tuzo na urithi == Kurosawa alipokea tuzo nyingi za kubwakubwa ikiwemo tuzo ya Heshima ya [[Academy Award]] (Oscar) mwaka 1990 kwa ajili ya mchango wake mkubwa maishani mwake kwenye tasnia ya filamu. Urithi wake unaendelea kuishi kupitia mbinu zake za kipekee za uongozaji, matumizi ya kamera nyingi, uchezaji wa mwanga na vivuli, na kusuka hadithi zenye kina cha kiubinadamu. == Filmografia == Orodha hii inajumuisha filamu zote 30 alizoziongoza Akira Kurosawa katika maisha yake ya kazi: {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Mwaka !! Jina la Filamu !! Jina la Kijapani / Maelezo |- | 1943 || [[Sanshiro Sugata]] || 姿三四郎 (Sugata Sanshirō) |- | 1944 || [[The Most Beautiful]] || 一番美しく (Ichiban utsukushiku) |- | 1945 || [[Sanshiro Sugata Part II]] || 続姿三四郎 (Zoku Sugata Sanshirō) |- | 1945 || [[The Men Who Tread on the Tiger's Tail]] || 虎の尾を踏む男達 (Tora no o o fumu otokotachi) |- | 1946 || [[No Regrets for Our Youth]] || わが青春に悔なし (Waga seishun ni kuinashi) |- | 1947 || [[One Wonderful Sunday]] || 素晴らしき日曜日 (Subarashiki nichiyōbi) |- | 1948 || [[Drunken Angel]] || 酔いどれ天使 (Yoidore tenshi) |- | 1949 || [[The Quiet Duel]] || 静なる決闘 (Shizukanaru kettō) |- | 1949 || [[Stray Dog]] || 野良犬 (Nora inu) |- | 1950 || [[Scandal]] || 醜聞 (Sukandaru) |- | 1950 || [[Rashomon]] || 羅生門 (Rashōmon) |- | 1951 || [[The Idiot]] || 白痴 (Hakuchi) |- | 1952 || [[Ikiru]] || 生きる |- | 1954 || [[Seven Samurai]] || 七人の侍 (Shichinin no samurai) |- | 1955 || [[I Live in Fear]] || 生きていたい (Ikimono no kiroku) |- | 1957 || [[Throne of Blood]] || 蜘蛛巣城 (Kumonosu-jō) - Imetokana na Macbeth ya Shakespeare |- | 1957 || [[The Lower Depths]] || どん底 (Donzoko) |- | 1958 || [[The Hidden Fortress]] || 隠し砦の三悪人 (Kakushi toride no san-akunin) |- | 1960 || [[The Bad Sleep Well]] || 悪い奴ほどよく眠る (Warui yatsu hodo yoku nemuru) |- | 1961 || [[Yojimbo]] || 用心棒 (Yōjinbō) |- | 1962 || [[Sanjuro]] || 椿三十郎 (Tsubaki Sanjūrō) |- | 1963 || [[High and Low]] || 天国と地獄 (Tengoku to jigoku) |- | 1965 || [[Red Beard]] || 赤ひげ (Akahige) |- | 1970 || [[Dodes'ka-den]] || どですかでん (Dodesukaden) |- | 1975 || [[Dersu Uzala]] || Дерсу Uzala (Filamu ya Kirusi/Soviet) |- | 1980 || [[Kagemusha]] || 影武者 (Kagemusha) |- | 1985 || [[Ran]] || 乱 - Imetokana na King Lear ya Shakespeare |- | 1990 || [[Dreams (filamu ya 1990)|Dreams]] || 夢 (Yume) |- | 1991 || [[Rhapsody in August]] || 八月の狂詩曲 (Hachigatsu no kyōshikyoku) |- | 1993 || [[Madadayo]] || まあだだよ (Maadadayo) |} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Akira Kurosawa|Akira Kurosawa}} * {{IMDb name|id=0000041|name=Akira Kurosawa}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Waongozaji Filamu wa Japani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Japani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1910]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1998]] eqvfwy3s9rgu1wquqp6rdmtbp7ag96h 0 15803 1615571 1398204 2026-11-08T06:39:56Z Innocent Matekere 93687 Nimeongeze maelezo ya ufafanuzi 1615571 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Vita.JPG|thumb|300px|Vita: Mfalme [[Ramses II]] mnamo 1274 KK, Mfalme [[Gustav Adolf]] mnamo 1623, Faru ya Marekani M1 2005]] '''Vita''' ni mapambano baina ya makabila, nchi, [[mataifa]] au angalau vikundi vikubwa vya [[watu]] yanayoendeshwa kwa nguvu ya [[silaha]] za jadi au za kisasa. Silaha za jadi uhusisha mikuki, mishale, ngao, mapanga na farasi na silaha za kisasa uhusisha bunduki, risasi, mabomu, vifaru na ndege za kivita. [[File:Dapperheidgrotepier.jpg|thumb|Mchoro wa [[Pier Gerlofs Donia]] na [[Wijerd Jelckama]] wakipigana kwa ajili ya uhuru wa watu.]] Katika vita kuna pande mbili au zaidi zinazopambana ili kupata haki au kitu fulani chenye faida kubwa kwao. Vita husababisha ukosefu wa amani, mateso, vifo na kuharibika kwa [[mali]] za watu pamoja na [[mazingira]] [[Uasilia|asilia]]. [[File:Palestinian militant with rifle.png|thumb|250px|Mwanamgambo wa Kipalestina akiwa ameshika silaha aina ya [[M16 rifle]], mwaka 2009.]] Asili ya vita ilikuwa mapambano kwa silaha kati ya makabila au vijiji mbalimbali. Baada ya kutokea kwa [[madola]] ilikuwa zaidi serikali au watawala wa madola walioamua juu ya vita. Katika dunia mpaka sasa kuna vita kubwa mbili, ambazo ni [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|vita ya kwanza]] na [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|vita ya pili ya dunia]] ambazo zilihusisha mataifa mengi na kusababisha madhara makubwa. [[Picha:Exercise_Desert_Rock_I_(Buster-Jangle_Dog)_001.jpg|thumb|300px|Mlipuko wa silaha ya nyuklia mwaka 1951.]] == Aina za vita == Kuna aina tofauti za vita: * vita kati ya [[nchi]] mbili au zaidi kwa niaba ya [[serikali]] zao * [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] ndani ya nchi nzima kwa msingi wa itikadi au maslahi tofauti * vita ya uhuru ambako watu wa eneo fulani wanapambania dola ya pekee, kwa mfano ** vita ya wenyeji wa koloni au nchi lindwa dhidi ya serikali ya kikoloni au nchi inayotawala ** vita ya watu wa sehemu moja ya nchi dhidi ya serikali ya nchi nzima == Watekelezaji wa vita == Watekelezaji wa vita huitwa [[askari]] au [[wanajeshi]]. [[Historia]] imejua vipindi ambapo [[wanaume]] wote wa nchi fulani walitakiwa kushika silaha na kushiriki katika mapigano. Palikuwa pia na vipindi na [[utamaduni]] ambapo wapiganaji walikuwa watu wa pekee wenye [[jukumu]] hilo ama kwa sababu walipaswa kuwa askari kufuatana na [[sheria]] za nchi au kwa sababu walikodiwa kwa [[kazi]] hii. Wanajeshi rasmi huwa chini ya [[kanuni za vita]] lakini sehemu kubwa na vita inashirikisha watu wasiofuata kanuni hizo kama [[wanamgambo]] hasa katika vita za wenyewe kwa wenyewe. == Silaha == Wanadamu wametumia [[akili]] nyingi kuboresha vifaa vya vita, yaani [[silaha]], na mbinu za vita. [[Maendeleo]] ya silaha yamesababisha kupungua kwa [[idadi]] ya askari wanaopigana moja kwa moja lakini uharibifu wa silaha umeongezeka. Silaha za kale zilitegemea [[nguvu]] ya [[mkono]] wa mtu zikifikia [[umbali]] mdogo. Silaha zimebadilika kulenga mahali ambapo ni mbali zaidi na zaidi. Silaha kali za kisasa zina uwezo wa kuharibu nchi yote; jumla ya [[silaha za nyuklia]] inatosha kuua [[uhai]] wote [[duniani]]. == Jitihada za kuepa au kupunguza athari za vita == Kutokana na uharibifu mkubwa unaosababishwa na vita palikuwa tena na tena na makubaliano juu ya kanuni za vita. Kanuni hizo hulenga kupunguza hasara inayosababishwa na mapigano. Lakini historia imejaa pia mifano ambapo kanuni hizo zilivunjwa au kupuuzwa. Katika [[karne ya 20]] mataifa mengi yalipatana mikataba ya kimataifa juu ya kanuni za vita. Chanzo kilikuwa [[Mapatano ya Geneva]] baada ya kuundwa kwa [[Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Msalaba Mwekundu]] mwaka [[1863]]. Baada ya [[vita kuu ya kwanza ya dunia]] nchi nyingi ziliunda [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] kwa shabaha ya kuzuia vita lakini hii ilishindikana baada ya nchi kubwa kama [[Urusi]], [[Ujerumani]] na [[Italia]] kupuuza maazimio yake. Kuundwa kwa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kulikuwa jaribio jipya la kuwa na [[taasisi]] ya kimataifa yenye uwezo wa kuzuia vita. [[Picha:Wereschtschagin2.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Vasili Vereshchagin]]: Ufaulu wa Vita (1871)]] == Misemo juu ya vita == * "Inawezekana kuanza vita unapotaka lakini haiwezekani kuimaliza unapotaka." - [[Niccolò Machiavelli]] * "Vita ni baba wa vitu vyote." - [[Heraklitos]] * "Vita ni aina ya siasa kwa kutumia mbinu tofauti." - [[Carl von Clausewitz]] * "Ukitaka amani andaa vita." - [[Vegetius]] * "Si vita, bali amani ni baba wa vitu vyote." - [[Willy Brandt]] * "Vita abadan!" - [[Yohane Paulo II]] * "Vita ilipokwisha askari alirudi nyumbani. Lakini alipokosa chakula akamwona mwenye chakula. Akamwua. "Lakini huruhusiwi kumwua mtu!" alisema hakimu. "Kwa nini?" aliuliza askari." - [[Wolfgang Borchert]] [[Jamii:Vita|!]] [[Jamii:Historia]] mqnfulloitwkqkdp1vjiiy90c15r5rh 0 17255 1615419 1611698 2026-11-07T20:21:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615419 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Master of San Francesco Bardi, St. Francis and scenes from his life.jpg|thumb|Mt. Fransisko na matukio ya maisha yake, mchoro wa [[karne ya 13]].]] '''Ndugu Wadogo''' ni [[jina]] la [[Wafransisko]] wa Utawa wa Kwanza. Hapa inaelezwa [[historia]] yao na jinsi walivyogawanyika katika [[shirika|mashirika]] mbalimbali. ==Ndugu Wadogo kupambana hadi kutenganishwa (1226-1517)== [[Image:Cappella Sassetti Confirmation of the Franciscan Rule 2.jpg|thumb|right|"Uthibitisho wa Kanuni ya Kifransisko" kadiri ya [[Domenico Ghirlandaio]] ([[1449]]-[[1494]]), Cappella Sassetti, [[Florence]], [[Italia]].]] ===Mwanzo wa mapambano (1226-1316)=== [[File:Tomb of Saint Francis - Basilica di San Francesco - Assisi 2016.jpg|thumb|left|[[Masalia]] ya Fransiko wa Asizi juu ya [[altare]] ya kanisa la chini ndani ya [[Basilika la Mt. Fransisko]], [[Assisi]].]] [[Mauti|Kifo]] cha [[Fransisko wa Asizi]] kiliwatia Ndugu Wadogo uchungu uliogeuka mapema kuwa mshangao wenye furaha nd. [[Elia Bombarone]] alipowaandikia juu ya ajabu la [[madonda matakatifu]] mwilini mwake lililobaki siri kwa wote, isipokuwa wachache. Ajabu hilo lisingestahili kusisitizwa zaidi kama lisingekuwa na maana na matokeo makubwa kwa historia iliyofuata, hasa kwa sababu lilikuwa jipya: hivyo wengi waliona linamtambulisha [[mwanzilishi]] wao kama [[mtakatifu]] wa pekee aliyerudisha maisha ya Ki[[injili]] ya [[Yesu]] ndani ya [[Kanisa]]; ilikuwa sawa na kusema hata shirika lake ni la pekee. Kwanza alitafsiriwa kuwa [[Yesu Kristo|Kristo]] wa pili, aliyelingana naye katika mengi, hivi kwamba hana mfano kati ya watakatifu na waanzilishi waliomtangulia. Halafu alitafsiriwa kuwa [[malaika]] wa mhuri wa sita mwenye alama ya [[Mungu]] aliye hai ([[Ufu]] 7:2), yaani mtu aliyetabiriwa katika [[Biblia]] kuwa ataingiza [[historia ya wokovu]] katika hatua mpya. Tafsiri zote mbili zilitegemea madonda hayo kama alama ya pekee iliyomtambulisha pamoja na shirika lake. Tukimchunguza kwa upana katika [[mazingira]] yake – ambayo upande mmoja alitokana nayo, na upande mwingine aliyaelekeza kwa nguvu njia mpya – tunaweza kuelewa sababu za msingi za [[mwangwi]] mkubwa aliousababisha kwa upya wa mtindo wa maisha yake, na kwa msimamo ambao aliutekeleza mpaka mwisho, akijua thamani na mvuto wa mfano alioutoa, lakini pia akitambua haja ya kundi lake dogo kugeuka shirika halisi la [[utawa|kitawa]], lenye [[kanuni]] maalumu na miundo ya kufaa. Ushahidi mkuu wa [[karama]] ya pekee ya Fransisko ni jinsi shirika lake lilivyoweza kustawi ajabu bila ya kutegemezwa na uongozi wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]]. Lakini uenezi huo wa kasi kwa wingi wa watu na kwa upana wa maeneo ulisababisha masuala mengi mazito kutokana na tofauti za hali na mazingira. Alipokuwa bado hai, walio wengi kati ya wafuasi wake walimuona mara moja tu au hawakumfahamu kabisa. Hivyo hawakuweza kuelewa zaidi karama yake aliyoifuata kwa ari ambayo tangu aongoke ilikuwa imezidi tu. Basi, kundi la Watumishi na wasomi wa utawa wake, likisaidiwa na viongozi wa juu wa Kanisa, lilimsonga ili alegeze masharti ya ufukara na kulinganisha zaidi shirika lake na yale ya zamani. Kwa karama yake ya pekee aliweza kukabili upinzani huo wote. Juhudi yake ya mwisho ya kuzuia shirika lisipotoke ni [[wasia]] aliouandika ili kusisitiza msimamo wake, kudai kanuni yake isifafanuliwe, pamoja na kukataza wanashirika wasimuombe [[Papa]] hati yoyote. Maelekezo aliyoyatoa humo ili kufafanua na kusisitiza utekelezaji bora wa kanuni yanaonyesha wazi alivyohisi hatari kubwa ya kuacha au walau kulegeza [[kipeo]] cha [[wongofu]] wake. Lakini [[dalili]] mbalimbali zinaonyesha pia kwamba hakujidanganya kuhusu kesho. Kwa hisi yake ya hali halisi na ya mabadiliko yanayofuatana, pamoja na mang’amuzi ya maisha yake, alitaka hasa mfano wake na wa wenzake wa kwanza ubaki msingi imara wa kudumu, kama tukio la kukataa moja kwa moja mambo kadhaa ya zamani na la kuumua maisha ya kesho. Kwa maana hiyo amebaki mhusika mkuu wa [[historia]] yote ya shirika: wingi wa vitabu vilivyoandikwa juu yake unatokana na haja ya ndugu zake wote kudumisha uhusiano naye ili kuathiriwa naye kwa namna moja au nyingine, kama ilivyojitokeza katika matawi mbalimbali. Basi, ndani yake mwenyewe tunaona asili ya mvutano wa kudumu katika historia ya wafuasi wake na ya matawi yote yaliyojitokeza: kuwa na kielelezo kamili cha kufuatwa, lakini pia kukitekeleza kwa kuzingatia madai ya maisha, yaani kujitahidi mfululizo kulinganisha kipeo na hali halisi. Ndipo inapotokea katika historia yote ya Wafransisko ile hali ya kukosa [[utulivu]], ile kani isiyo na mfano katika mashirika mengine yoyote, ambayo ni dalili ya [[uhai]] usiozimika. Kwa sababu hizo ina umuhimu wa pekee [[karne]] ya kwanza ya Ndugu Wadogo, ambapo mfano wa mwanzilishi ulikuwa bado wa jirani na mchakato wa kuingia kikamilifu katika maisha ya Kanisa ulikuwa mgumu zaidi, kwa sababu muundo wake wenye miaka elfu na zaidi ulikabiliwa na magumu mengi ya ndani na ya nje. Miaka michache baada ya kifo cha Fransisko, utawa wake ulijitokeza [[chachu]] bora ukapata sura maalumu katika mvutano wa kusisimua kati ya [[mapokeo]], yaliyomzingatia zaidi mwanzilishi, na hali halisi za maisha zilizokuwa zinadai mabadiliko. Miaka hiyo ilizidi kutokeza tofauti kati ya wale wachache walioshi karibu naye tangu mwanzo na kuambukizwa umotomoto wake, na wale wengi waliojiunga na shirika lililokwishafanikiwa. Ilikuwa wazi kwamba, kwenye [[umati]] wa watawa, ni lazima kuzingatia [[sheria]] zaidi na zaidi; lakini wafanye nini ili wasiachane hivyo na nia ya mwanzilishi? Ndilo suala lililowachoma na kuwagombanisha. Wanahistoria wa leo wanaweza kutambua kwa urahisi kuliko wao kwamba [[chemchemi]] ileile moja ilikuwa inabubujikia pande mbili ambazo kwa namna tofauti zikaja kuathiri kwa nguvu kubwa [[Kanisa la magharibi]]. Thamani yake inathibitishwa na wale wote waliochota kwa Fransisko na kwa wafuasi wake jambo hili au hili. Miaka ya mwisho ya maisha yake, pamoja na kuzidi kuheshimiwa, alizidi pia kuonekana anazuia shirika lisifuate mkondo wa historia ndani ya Kanisa. Pamoja na kukiri [[utakatifu]] wake na wa karama yake asili, wengi waliona haja ya kuondoa kizuio hicho: ndiyo kazi aliyoikabili ndugu wa kwanza kuchaguliwa mwandamizi wa mwanzilishi baada ya kifo chake: nd. [[Yohane Parenti]] ([[1227]]-[[1232]]). Uchaguzi wake unaonekana kuwa tokeo la [[tathmini]] makini juu ya mahitaji ya shirika: alikuwa mtu mkomavu (aliingia utawani pamoja na mwanae) ambaye alishiriki kwa jirani maisha asili ya Fransisko, lakini pia alipata mang’amuzi mengine kama Mtumishi wa [[Hispania]]. Hivyo aliweza kulinganisha mitazamo tofauti na kuchukua maamuzi ya kufaa akitegemea pia ujuzi wake wa sheria. Tarehe [[16 Julai]] [[1228]] alifurahia [[ibada]] ya fahari ya kumtangaza Fransisko kuwa mtakatifu, akimuachia nd. Elia kazi ngumu ya kumjengea [[kanisa]] ambalo lionyeshe alivyoheshimiwa na waamini wote. Lakini ilimbidi pia kukabili masuala yote yaliyojitokeza shirikani kutoka nchi mbalimbali sana. Hasa lile la msingi lililozidi kusumbua ndugu wengi, kadiri walivyozidi kung’amua ugumu wa kutekeleza kanuni jinsi ilivyo bila ya kuifafanua kama ulivyodai wasia wa mwanzilishi. [[Image:Anthony pereda.jpg|thumb|right|[[Antoni wa Padua]] ([[1195]] hivi - [[1231]]) akimpakata [[Mtoto Yesu]], [[mchoro]] wa [[Antonio de Pereda]] ([[1611]] hivi - [[1678]])]] Basi, yalizuka mabishano makali kati ya walioshikilia wasia huo na wale waliotaka shirika liweze kushindana na mashirika mengine. Yeye na Watumishi wengine kutoka kanda mbalimbali (mmojawao [[Antoni wa Padua]]) wakadhani utatuzi unaweza kutokea kwa Papa tu. Akipokea ombi lao, [[Papa Gregori IX]] ([[1227]]-[[1241]]) alitoa tamko rasmi la kwanza juu ya kanuni (1230), akitumia [[mamlaka]] yake ya Kipapa na hasa ujuzi wake wa nia ya Fransisko (ndiye aliyemsaidia kutunga kanuni alipokuwa bado [[Kardinali]], jina lake Ugolino). Kuhusu wasia alitamka kuwa si sheria inayowabana Wafransisko wasiweze kufafanua kanuni yao wala kufafanuliwa na Kanisa, wala kuomba wala kupewa hati na fadhili za Papa. Sababu ya msingi ni kuwa Kanisa liko juu kuliko kanuni. Kwa kukabili suala hilo kwa mtazamo wa sheria, alikata hamu ya mwanzilishi ya kuiona kanuni kama kituo cha kuanzia safari tu, si kituo cha mwisho. Kwa namna hiyo aliwaingiza zaidi Ndugu Wadogo ndani ya kawaida ya Kanisa. Upande wa [[ufukara]] kwa jumla alitetea msimamo wa mwanzilishi (kwa jinsi alivyomheshimu hata akamtangaza mtakatifu karibu bila ya [[kesi]]), ila aliulegeza kiasi, kwa lengo la kufanikisha zaidi [[utume]] wa Ndugu Wadogo na hivyo kurekebisha Kanisa lililokuwa na hali mbaya kiroho. Kwa ajili hiyo aliwapa pia hati na ruhusa nyingi za pekee dhidi ya mamlaka ya Ma[[askofu]] na ma[[paroko]]. Hivyo njia ikawa wazi kuligeuza shirika la wadogo wanaohubiri [[toba]] kwa [[unyenyekevu]] chini ya [[padri]] yeyote, liwe shirika imara lililo chini ya Maaskofu kwa machache tu. Mageuzi hayo, yaliyosababisha kwa muda mrefu upinzani mwingi wa Maaskofu na mapadri [[wanajimbo]], yalichangiwa pia na ustawishaji wa [[elimu]] ndani ya shirika uliozidi kuwalinganisha Ndugu Wadogo na watawa wengine na kuongeza idadi ya mapadri kati yao. Baada ya nd. Yohane Parenti alichaguliwa nd. Elia, ambaye awali aliteuliwa na Fransisko kuwa Mkuu wa utawa. Kwa wakati huo, jamaa ya kwanza ilipogeuka shirika halisi, alihitajika kiongozi mwenye msimamo na pengine ukali pia. Mt. Fransisko alijieleza kwamba hapendi kutesa, ingawa anaweza. Basi, akamuachia nd. Elia ambaye, mwanzilishi akiwa bado hai, alifuata maelekezo yake, ingawa alimueleza maoni yake pia kuhusu utungaji wa kanuni, hasa kwa lengo la kufanya iwezekane kwa kiongozi kudai utekelezaji wake. Katikati ya vipindi viwili vya uongozi wake ([[1221]]-[[1227]], halafu [[1232]]-[[1239]]) alimjengea Mt. Fransisko kanisa zuri sana, halafu jirani nalo [[konventi]] kubwa mno, ili kushindana na [[abasia]] za [[Wabenedikto]]. Pia alionyesha ushindani fulani na nd. Yohane Parenti, hata akahamisha [[masalia]] yake bila ya kibali chake, akasababisha vurugu kutoka kwa Waasizi. Ulijitokeza hivyo mvutano kati ya asili ya utawa huko [[Asizi]] na hali yake mpya ya kimataifa. Kwa kumchagua tena [[bradha]] huyo, shirika lililenga kuleta usuluhisho kati ya pande hizo mbili: si kurudia maisha ya awali, bali kuokoa usawa kati ya [[makleri]] na mabradha. Nd. Elia alimgeuza mwanzilishi kuwa fahari ya shirika kuliko kielelezo cha kufuatwa. Mwenye vipawa na elimu, aliathiri sana viongozi wa [[dini]] (Gregori IX) na wa siasa ([[kaisari]] [[Federiko II]]), alistawisha [[misheni]] huko Mashariki na kukuza nyumba za masomo, lakini pia alidhulumu vikali watetezi wa kanuni, kama [[Kaisari wa Speyer]]. Bila ya kuweza kutembelea kanda za shirika, alishika uongozi wote mikononi mwake, akichagua Watumishi na walinzi, akihamisha ndugu, akituma wawakilishi wake huko na huko wasimamie (pengine bila ya [[busara]]) kazi ya Watumishi, na akikataa kuwasikiliza na kuitisha mkutano mkuu. Pamoja na hayo, fahari zake binafsi, [[ushuru]] aliowatoza mfululizo Watumishi (kwa ajili ya [[ujenzi]] n.k.), msisitizo wa kwamba kila ndugu ajishughulikie badala ya kusaidiwa na mabradha, vilisababisha hatimaye [[njama]] dhidi yake, hadi Gregori IX akaitisha na kuendesha mkutano mkuu ambao ulimuondoa madarakani na kutunga sheria za kupunguza mamlaka ya Mtumishi mkuu. Badala yake alichaguliwa nd. [[Alberto wa Pisa]] ([[1239]]-[[1240]]), Mtumishi wa [[Uingereza]], kanda ambayo kuliko zote ilikua mbali na Mt. Fransisko na kujali elimu. Ingawa alikufa baada ya miezi michache tu, uchaguzi wake ulionyesha kwamba maendeleo ya shirika, yaliyotakiwa na viongozi wa Kanisa na ndugu walio wengi, yataanza tena kusonga mbele moja kwa moja. Kwamba maendeleo hayo yalikuwa kinyume cha nia asili ya mwanzilishi (walivyosisitiza wenzake na wengineo waliomfahamu vizuri) haikuwa kizuio kwa umati walioridhika kutekeleza amri za kanuni, kuwa mafukara kuliko watawa wengine na kuheshimiwa na waamini pia kwa niaba ya mzee wao aliyezidi kutazamwa mkuu ajabu. Baada yake akachaguliwa nd. [[Aimoni wa Faversham]] (1240-1244), Mwingereza [[mwanateolojia]] aliyeongoza upinzani dhidi ya nd. Elia. Ndiye aliyelipatia shirika sura ya kudumu kufuatana na mfano wa [[Wadominiko]] upande wa muundo, utume, masomo na [[liturujia]]. Taratibu za maisha zikazidi kufuata mitindo ya [[umonaki|kimonaki]], pamoja na watawa kujitafutia visingizio vya kisheria wasibanwe nazo. Makao ya kifukara ya upwekeni yalizidi kuachwa ili wanashirika wahamie nyumba kubwa za mijini, zenye makanisa makubwa ambamo wafanye utume, wakiwanyang’anya maparoko waamini na [[sadaka]] zao. Alikubaliwa na Gregori IX kwamba Watumishi wa kanda pia waweze kuruhusu ndugu wakahubiri. Kama alivyofanya mwenyewe huko [[Paris]], Ndugu Wadogo wakazidi kushika nafasi kwenye [[vyuo vikuu]] na vinginevyo, na kuwa na uzito mkubwa ndani ya Kanisa, jambo lililowasogeza mbali na [[udogo]] uliowapasa. Badala ya ndugu wote kuwa sawa, mabradha wakanyimwa kabisa nafasi za uongozi na kukubaliwa tu kutoa huduma ndogondogo za nyumbani ([[bustani]] n.k.), wakiwaachia raia huduma duni zaidi. Kazi za mikono nje ya konventi zilikatazwa; badala yake ile ya kuombaomba ikaja kusifiwa na kushika nafasi ya kwanza upande wa [[uchumi]]. Zilipangwa pia njia za hakika za kupata mahitaji, hasa kwa nyumba za masomo. Alipokufa, mvutano ndani ya shirika ulijitokeza kwa nguvu. Mtumishi mkuu aliyechaguliwa, nd. [[Kreshensi wa Iesi]] ([[1244]]-[[1247]]) akiona kwamba Fransisko alitazamwa bado na wote kuwa kielelezo cha wadogo, aliagiza mapema zikusanywe habari zote juu yake, halafu akamuagiza nd. [[Thoma wa Celano]] aandike upya maisha ya mwanzilishi. Waliolilia hali ya awali (wenzi wa Mt. Fransisko na ndugu “wenye ari”) walipoona Mtumishi mkuu hakubaliani nao, walichagua wajumbe 72 wakajieleze kwa [[Papa Inosenti IV]] ([[1243]]-[[1254]]) ili aingilie kati. Lakini Kreshensi aliwasema kwa Papa na kumuomba awaadhibu; mwenyewe aliwatawanya wengine ili awavunje nguvu. Papa, akiwa [[mwanasheria]] mwenye hakika kuhusu ukuu wa mamlaka yake, aliona kanuni ya Ndugu Wadogo, kama kanuni nyingine zote, ni sheria tu ambayo Papa anaweza kuifanyia lolote; vilevile aliona shirika lao kuwa kama mengine yote akalisukuma lizidi kutia maanani elimu. Hivyo alitoa ([[1245]]) tamko la pili juu ya kanuni ili kuilegeza: hasa alitamka kuwa vitu vyote ambavyo shirika linavyo, kama si vya wafadhili tena, basi ni vya Papa. Hivyo kwa kutofautisha kutumia vitu na kuvimiliki kisheria, Ndugu Wadogo waliweza kujidai mafukara ingawa wanatumia vingi, eti si vya kwao! Lakini wengi hawakuridhika na ujanja huo, usiolingana na roho ya Kiinjili ya Fransisko, wala na dhuluma za nd. Kreshensi dhidi ya ndugu wenye [[ari]]. Basi, katika mkutano mkuu ulioagizwa na Papa walimuondoa madarakani wakamchagua [[Yohane wa Parma]] ([[1247]]-[[1257]]), mtu wa kufaa sana kwa elimu na utakatifu, aliyeongoza hasa kwa mfano wa maisha yake bora. Kitu cha kwanza alifuta lawama na adhabu zote dhidi ya ndugu wenye ari. Halafu akatembelea kwa miguu kanda zote akiwa na [[kanzu]] moja tu tena kikuukuu na kuamsha nia ya kushika kanuni na wasia. Ingawa aliwahi kufundisha katika vyuo vikuu vitatu, alikusudia hasa kurudisha shirika katika hali ya mwanzoni, kwa kukataa [[fadhili]] za Papa na kwa kuheshimu Maaskofu na mapadri. Hivyo mkutano mkuu (1254) ulisimamisha utumiaji wa fadhili kadhaa. Lakini, alivyosema [[Egidi wa Asizi]] (+[[1262]]), juhudi hizo nzuri zilikuwa zimechelewa zisiweze kurekebisha shirika lote. Wapinzani walimshtaki Yohane kwa Papa, akalazimika kujiuzulu. Mkutano mkuu ulitaka aendelee, lakini mwenyewe hakurudi nyuma. Hatimaye aliombwa amchague mwandamizi wake, naye akamtaja [[Bonaventura wa Bagnoregio]] akaenda kuishi upwekeni kwa miaka 30, akikataa mara mbili ukardinali. [[Image:François, Claude (dit Frère Luc) - Saint Bonaventure.jpg|thumb|left|[[Bonaventura wa Bagnoregio]] ([[1221]] - [[1274]]), mchoro wa [[Claude François]], [[1650]]-[[1660]] hivi.]] Bonaventura aliweza kuongoza muda mrefu ([[1257]]-[[1274]]) kuliko waliomtangulia. Kufuatana na [[tabia]] na [[malezi]] yake (alijiunga na shirika huko Paris), yeye alikubali hali ilivyo na kujitahidi kuepusha shirika na hatari za nje na za ndani alizoziona mapema. Upande wa ndani, kielelezo cha Fransisko kilitakiwa kuzingatiwa na wote kwa [[umoja]], bila ya kupishana kuhusu namna ya kukitazama. Kwa ajili hiyo Mt. Bonaventura alitunga [[kitabu]] rasmi cha maisha yake kilichopitishwa na mkutano mkuu hata ukaagiza maandishi yote yaliyotangulia yateketezwe. Ndivyo shirika lilivyopotewa kwa muda mrefu na habari nyingi muhimu juu ya mwanzilishi. Kitabu alichokiandika, bila ya kusema [[uongo]], kinasisitiza mang’amuzi yake bora ya kiroho kwa kuficha mambo fulanifulani kuhusu kipeo cha udogo. Kinaleta baadhi tu ya matendo na mafundisho ya Fransisko yaliyochaguliwa kwa makini ili kumchora kama mfano kamili wa Kristo msulubiwa, na hasa kama yule malaika wa mhuri wa sita mwenye alama (madonda matakatifu) ya Mungu aliye hai aliyetabiriwa na Ufu 7:2 kuwa ataleta Injili ya milele, yaani kanuni yake! Ndugu Wadogo walimuona hivyo mwanzilishi wao wakajiona ndio shirika jipya ambalo lilete Kanisa la Kiroho lenye kufuata ufukara kadiri ya [[unabii]] na mafundisho yaliyolaaniwa ya [[abati]] [[Yohakimu wa Fiore]] (+[[1202]]). Mt. Bonaventura aliheshimu ufukara kama sifa kuu na utukufu wa shirika, ingawa alifurahia baadhi ya mabadiliko yaliyotokea. Kwake elimu pamoja na utume ni sehemu ya lazima ya utendaji wa Kifransisko ndani ya Kanisa. Kwa ajili hiyo alikubali bila ya wasiwasi matamko ya Mapapa juu ya kanuni kama ufafanuzi rasmi wa wachungaji wakuu wa Kanisa na wa shirika pia, pamoja na ruhusa walilolipatia shirika, ingawa kwa udogo alipenda kupatana na Maaskofu na maparoko. Alijipangia kulinganisha uaminifu kwa kanuni na mabadiliko ya shirika, akionyesha hayo hayaendi kinyume cha nia ya mwanzilishi. Ili athibitishe hayo ilimpasa kuziondolea lawama msingi wowote kwa kuadhibu vikali waliovunja kanuni. Basi, chini ya uongozi wake shirika likatulia, kwa jinsi alivyoweza kulinganisha [[upendo]] kwa Fransisko na [[furaha]] kwa mabadiliko, hamu ya kuishi upwekeni na utetezi wa konventi za mijini. Kwa nje shirika likazidi kuheshimiwa na kushika nafasi katika maisha ya Kanisa (utume mbalimbali, uchaguzi wa Papa, [[Mtaguso mkuu]]). Lakini mafanikio hayo yalizidisha [[kiburi]] cha wanashirika na upinzani wa Maaskofu na maparoko dhidi yao. Alipokuwa bado Paris huo ulikuwa umeungwa mkono na [[chuo kikuu]]: hapo hazikupingwa tu ruhusa kadhaa walizopewa Ndugu Wadogo na Wadominiko, bali msingi wenyewe wa mtindo wa maisha yao. Baada ya yeye na [[Thoma wa Akwino]] kuutetea, Papa alilaani upinzani na kusifu sana mtindo huo wa Kiinjili. Mwalimu huyo kuchaguliwa kuwa Mtumishi mkuu kukawa ushindi mwingine mkubwa chuoni. Katika miaka yake ya mwisho ilimbidi tena kutetea shirika lake kwa maandishi pia. Bonaventura akafa akiwa Kardinali askofu, wakati wa [[Mtaguso II wa Lyon]], ambao ulihatarisha [[mashirika ya Ombaomba]], lakini hatimaye ulipitisha tu hati ya kuyafuta yote isipokuwa Wadominiko na Wafransisko, pamoja na [[Waaugustino]] na [[Wakarmeli]]. Hata hivyo iliwabidi hao wapatane na wanajimbo kwa kujinyima baadhi ya ruhusa walizopewa. Mapapa waliofuata wakaendelea kuwarudishia au kuwanyang’anya tena, mpaka [[Mtaguso wa Vienne]] ([[1311]]-[[1312]]) ulipofaulu kuwatungia sheria ya kudumu: kwamba kuhusu maisha yao ya ndani na uongozi wawe chini ya Papa moja kwa moja, ila kuhusu utume nje ya makanisa yao wawe chini ya Maaskofu na maparoko. Watumishi wakuu waliofuata hawakujaribu kuacha nyayo za Bonaventura; hata ushindani ulipozuka tena ndani ya shirika, hakuna aliyethubutu kukanusha ubora wa kazi yake. Hata hivyo mambo yakawa magumu kiasi kwamba suala la ndugu “wa Kiroho” (yaani wenye nia ya kushika kanuni kadiri ya [[Roho Mtakatifu]]) likawa zito kwa Kanisa lote. Wakati wa Mtaguso II wa Lyon, baadhi ya ndugu walijiandaa kukataa maagizo waliyoambiwa watapewa kinyume cha [[haki]]. Upinzani wao ukalipuka hasa baada ya [[Papa Nikola III]] ([[1277]]-[[1280]]) kutoa hati nyingine juu ya kanuni ([[1279]]) ili kuwaondolea Ndugu Wadogo wasiwasi wowote kuhusu namna ya kuitekeleza, pamoja na kuwatetea dhidi ya maadui wa nje. Hati hiyo inafuata kabisa msimamo wa Bonaventura kuhusu matumizi ya kifukara kweli: Ndugu Wadogo hawana haki ya kutumia vitu, ila wanaruhusiwa kuvitumia kadiri ya ufukara na uduni. Ingawa hati hiyo ilitungwa kwa busara sana, baada ya kamati kabambe kuiandaa kwa miezi miwili, utekelezaji wake ukaja kusababisha mabishano makubwa kwa miaka mingi, kuanzia [[Ufaransa]] Kusini na [[Italia]] ya Kati. Mwakilishi bora wa msimamo mkali ni nd. [[Petro wa Yohane Olivi]] (+[[1298]]), aliyeunganisha pande hizo mbili tofauti: wa kwanza ulitegemea ujuzi mkubwa ukaathiri zaidi Kanisa kwa ufundishaji, uchungaji na uanzishaji wa jumuia za waamini zilizowaunga mkono; wa pili ulitegemea zaidi kumbukumbu chungu za wenzi wa Mt. Fransisko na matabiri juu ya [[dhuluma]] utawani ukaishia kuathiri shirika (hata kwa utunzi wa vitabu muhimu, hasa cha [[Ubertino wa Casale]] +[[1329]]), lakini pia kufanya [[umisionari]] mkubwa hadi [[India]] na kuuchochea kama sehemu ya uaminifu wao kwa kanuni. Mabishano yalichangiwa na Mtumishi mkuu kukosekana muda mrefu au kulemewa na majukumu mengine kutoka kwa Papa. Viongozi waliofuatana katika ngazi mbalimbali, mara walijaribu kukomesha vikali msimamo mkali, mara waliuunga mkono. Mapapa kadhaa walitumia nguvu, isipokuwa [[Papa Selestini V]] ([[1294]]), aliyetazamwa kuwa “Papa wa kimalaika” atakayeanzisha Kanisa la Kiroho. Yeye aliwaruhusu waliotaka wajitenge na “jumuia” (walivyojiita umati wa ndugu waliopenda maendeleo) wakaishi upwekeni wakifuata kanuni na wasia bila ya kujali matamko ya Kanisa. Ilikuwa mara ya kwanza kwa shirika kugawanyika. Alipojiuzulu, mwandamizi wake [[Papa Bonifasi VIII]] ([[1295]]-[[1303]]) alifuta mara maamuzi yake yote, na katika miezi michache iliyofuata aliwaagiza hao [[Waselestini]] warudi shirikani, akamuondoa madarakani Mtumishi mkuu aliyewatetea, akamweka mwingine kinyume chao, akawakatalia wasikate rufaa kwake dhidi ya dhuluma. Viongozi wao, nd. [[Liberato wa Macerata]] (+[[1307]]) na nd. [[Anjelo Klareno]] (+[[1337]]), walikimbilia [[Ugiriki]] wasije wakafungwa tena (waliwahi kukaa gerezani zaidi ya miaka 10). Jina la ndugu “wa Kiroho” likawa na maana mpya baadhi yao walipopinga uongozi wa Kanisa, wakitangaza ubatili wa kujiuzulu kwa Selestini V na wa kuchaguliwa Bonifasi VIII; halafu wakadai Mapapa waliotoa matamko juu ya kanuni kuwa wazushi. Kinyume na mtangulizi wake, [[Papa Klemensi V]] ([[1305]]-[[1314]]) alipenda kusikiliza wote, halafu akatoa ([[1312]]) tamko jipya juu ya kanuni ili kuondoa wasiwasi hasa kwa kubainisha amri za kanuni na kiasi ambacho zinawabana Ndugu Wadogo. Ingawa hakukubali msimamo wa ndugu “wa Kiroho” kuhusu mamlaka ya Kanisa juu ya kanuni, aliwaweka chini ya ulinzi wake; viongozi waliowadhulumu waliondolewa, na makosa dhidi ya ufukara yalirekebishwa ili kukwepa [[farakano]]. Lakini ikawa bure. ===Marekebisho na utengano (1316-1517)=== Kiburi kilichowapata Ndugu Wadogo katika karne yao ya kwanza, kutokana na mafanikio yao na mashindano na Maaskofu, kikafikia upeo walipopingana na Papa pia, ambaye mamlaka yake ilikuwa imeanza kupunguza. Ndipo shirika lilipopitia hatari kubwa kuliko zote za historia yake. Mara baada ya kuchaguliwa, [[Papa Yohane XXII]] ([[1316]]-[[1334]]), akisukumwa na Mtumishi mkuu nd. [[Mikaeli wa Cesena]] ([[1316]]-[[1328]]), alifululiza kutoa amri zilizolenga kukomesha ndugu “wa Kiroho”, mpaka 4 kati yao walichomwa moto sokoni. Hapo uasi wa wengi ukawa wazi usijali kutengwa na Kanisa wala kuhukumiwa adhabu ya kifo. Hasa [[Waklareno]] wakaendelea hivyo zaidi ya miaka mia mpaka [[Yohane wa Capestrano]] na [[Yakobo wa Marka]] walipowapatanisha na Kanisa ([[1430]] hivi), hata wakarudi chini ya Mtumishi wa shirika lote (1473) wakiwa na Makamu maalumu wa kwao. Mwaka [[1323]] Papa, akiendelea na [[vita]] vyake, alitoa hati ya kulaani dhana ya Ndugu Wadogo wote (iliyokubaliwa na mkutano mkuu [[1322]]) kuwa Kristo na [[Mitume wa Yesu|mitume]] hawakumiliki chochote wala binafsi wala kwa pamoja. Badala ya kukubali tamko hilo, Mtumishi mkuu na wanashirika karibu wote walilikataa hata kumtangaza Yohane XXII kuwa [[mzushi]]. Mfalme mkuu wa [[Ujerumani]], ili apate nguvu dhidi ya Papa, akawapokea Ndugu Wadogo chini ya ulinzi wake akafanya mmojawao atangazwe kinyume cha sheria kuwa ni Papa badala ya Yohane XXII (bado hai). Baadaye kidogo uasi huo ukaisha, lakini matokeo ya kwazo kubwa hivi yalichangia sana kudidimia kwa shirika. Matukio mengine ya nje yaliyochangia ni: [[vita vya miaka mia]] (1339-1453) katika sehemu kubwa ya [[Ulaya]]; [[tauni]] (1348-1350) iliyoua thuluthi mbili za wanashirika (matokeo yake waliobaki walikusanyika katika konventi kubwa zenye hali nzuri zaidi kiuchumi, walipunguza utume na kupokea miito bila ya kuichuja); [[farakano la Kanisa la Magharibi]] (1378-1418) lililoleta fujo na utovu wa nidhamu; hatimaye kufifia kwa tunu bora za [[karne za kati]]. Upande wa ufukara uamuzi wa Yohane XXII wa kulinganisha Ndugu Wadogo na mashirika mengine ulisababisha hao wasimamie mali na kutumia pesa (hata za binafsi) kinyume cha kanuni. Kilele cha fujo kikawa miaka ya farakano la Magharibi, ambapo kwa wakati mmoja kulikuwa na Watumishi wakuu wawili au watatu, kila mmojawao akimfuata Papa wa [[Roma]], au yule wa [[Avinyoni]] au hatimaye yule wa [[Pisa]]. Hata hivyo baadhi yao waliongoza vizuri na kuchangia amani ya Kanisa hadi ulipopatikana [[umoja]] wake na wa shirika mwaka 1418. Pamoja na matatizo hayo yote, kuanzia mwaka 1334 baadhi ya wanashirika [[Italia]], halafu [[Hispania]] na Ufaransa, walijiombea ruhusa ya Mtumishi mkuu au ya Papa waweze kuishi kijumuia kadiri ya kanuni, bila ya kutumia fadhili za kuilegeza. Wakati huo marekebisho ya namna hiyo yalitokea hata katika mashirika mengine, ingawa kwa kiasi kidogo zaidi. Ni kwamba kati ya Wafransisko kuna utata wa kudumu kuhusu namna ya kulinganisha kipeo asili na maisha halisi, au sehemu mbalimbali za karama ileile: katika karne XIV-XV utata huo ulisababisha mapambano ya kishujaa. Walioanzisha [[urekebisho]] walikuwa watawa (wengi wao mabradha wasio na elimu) wasioridhika na hali ya shirika. Wakililia hali ya mwanzoni, walilaumu maisha ya wenzao na uongozi wa Watumishi. Hao waliitikia kwa ukali wakijisingizia wanapaswa kudumisha nidhamu na kutetea haki ya walio wengi ya kutumia ruhusa za Kanisa. Kwa kawaida waanzilishi wa marekebisho hawakuwa watakatifu, bali nia yao ilichanganyikana na upungufu wa unyenyekevu na [[utiifu]]. Wakidai haki ya kufuata kanuni “Kiroho” kadiri ya sura ya 10, walikimbilia ngazi za juu kwa msaada wa wanasiasa ambao – sawa na watu wa kawaida – kila mara walipendelea urekebisho. Kisha kukubaliwa, marekebisho yakavuta miito bora: k.mf. kati ya mwaka 1402 na 1416 walijiunga na [[Waoservanti]] [[Bernardino wa Siena]], Yohane wa Capestrano, [[Alberto wa Sarteano]] na Yakobo wa Marka ambao wanaitwa “nguzo nne za Observansya (= kushikakanuni)”. Marekebisho yote, pamoja na kusisitiza ufukara, yalijali sana [[kimya]] na [[sala ya moyo]] upwekeni. Kama tunda la maisha ya namna hiyo yalifanya pia kazi kubwa tena bora ya kuhubiri, na hivyo kurudisha ule uwiano aliokuwa nao mwanzilishi. Mwishowe haki ya kushika kanuni kiaminifu ikatambulikana na Kanisa. [[Image:Saint Bernardino of Siena.PNG|thumb|[[Bernardino wa Siena]] ([[1380]]-[[1440]]), mchoro wa [[Jacopo Bellini]] ([[1400]] hivi - [[1470]] hivi).]] Mahali pa kwanza walipokusanyika ni makao ya upwekeni ya [[Brogliano]] karibu na [[Asizi]]. Aliyestawisha zaidi kwanzia mwaka 1368 ni [[Paolucho Trinci]] (+1390), bradha aliyefanywa mkurugenzi wa jumuia zilizofuata urekebisho Italia, akiwa na haki ya kupokea wanovisi na kuanzisha nyumba nyingine. Dhidi ya upinzani wa Watumishi, [[Mtaguso wa Konstans]] (1415) uliwaruhusu Waoservanti kuenea katika kanda zote za shirika, kupokea wanashirika wote watakaopenda kujiunga nao, tena kuwa na kiongozi maalumu, yaani Watunzaji wao wawe chini ya mmojawao kama makamu wa Mtumishi mkuu badala ya kubaki chini ya Watumishi wa kanda. Hata hivyo marekebisho mengine yaliyokwishaanza ([[Wavilyakresi]], [[Wakoleta]], [[Waamadei]] na Waklareno) hayakupenda kujiunga na Waoservanti. [[Wakonventuali]] walipinga vikali uamuzi wa [[Mtaguso]], na juhudi za Mapapa hazikuweza kurudisha amani, kwa kuwa hao hawakukubali kurekebishwa, wala Waoservanti kukaa chini yao. Wakati majaribio mbalimbali yalipoendelea kushindikana, Oservansya ikaenea na kustawi, hadi [[Papa Eugenio IV]] (1431-1447) alipoiruhusu kujifanyia mikutano mikuu na ya kanda ili kujichagulia viongozi (1446). Ushindi mwingine ukawa tangazo la kuwa Bernardino wa Siena, Mkuu wake wa kwanza, ni mtakatifu (1450). [[Papa Leo X]] (1513-1521) alifanya jaribio la mwisho alipoitisha mkutano mkuu wa wote pamoja (1517), wakiwa na viongozi wa marekebisho mengine. Wakonventuali wakakataa tena shirika lote lisifuate urekebisho wala kuongozwa na Mwoservanti. Basi, Papa akaamua kuwatenganisha moja kwa moja, na kupindua uhusiano kati yao: Waoservanti wawe na hadhi ya kuwa ndio shirika halisi (OFM), wakati waliotetea maisha yaliyofuatwa katika konventi kubwa wakakubaliwa kuendelea nayo kwa kutumia fadhili halali walizopewa, lakini kama tawi tu (OFMConv). Alimlazimisha Mtumishi mkuu wa Wakonventuali kujiuzulu na kukabidhi mhuri wa shirika kwa Waoservanti, ambao Mtumishi wao aitwe Mtumishi mkuu wa shirika lote, likiwa ni pamoja na marekebisho mengine. Wakonventuali wasishiriki tena uchaguzi wa Mtumishi mkuu, wala kiongozi wao asiitwe Mtumishi bali Mwalimu mkuu tu! Hata hivyo wasisumbuliwe kwa kutumia fadhili walizopewa na Kanisa. Waoservanti wabaki na nyumba zao, na Wakonventuali na nyumba zao, bila ya kuvuka toka upande mmoja kwenda upande mwingine. Ingawa hakuna takwimu ya wanashirika kabla ya karne XVII, tunaweza kuwakadiria kutokana na idadi ya nyumba na ya wastani wa ndugu walioishi katika nyumba: *mwaka 1226: ndugu 5,000; *mwaka 1300: ndugu 40,000; *mwaka 1400: ndugu 25,000; *mwaka 1517: ndugu 50,000 na zaidi (elfu 20 au 25 Wakonventuali na 30 au 32 Waoservanti) ===Maisha ndani ya shirika (1226-1517)=== Kujua maisha ya ndani ya shirika lolote ni muhimu kuliko kujua matukio makuu ya miundo yake. Basi, tuone jamaa ya Ndugu Wadogo ilivyoendelea kwa ndani katika karne tatu za kwanza tulizokwishaziona. Baada ya kifo cha mwanzilishi wanashirika walizidi kumiminika mijini, katika konventi kubwa zaidi na zaidi, na zenye sura ya kimonaki zaidi na zaidi (kanisa kubwa, ukumbi wa mikutano, ua, bustani na kuta za kandokando…). Kanuni iliendelea kuzingatiwa, lakini kwa mtazamo wa kisheria, kufuatana na matamko ya Mapapa juu yake. Ufukara mkuu ukaja kuwa sifa maalumu za kujitangazia shirika bora kuliko mengine, pamoja na kujipongeza kwa kuwa na mwanzilishi aliye Kristo wa pili, mtakatifu kuliko wengine (tazama ngao ya shirika ya karne XV yenye msalaba iliposulibiwa pamoja mikono ya Kristo na Fransisko). Lakini utekelezaji ukawa wa kinafiki sana, k.mf. tendo la ndugu kusafiri na boi ambaye amchukulie pesa asije akazigusa mwenyewe lilihukumiwa tayari na katiba ya [[Narbona]] (1260) iliyotungwa kama kinga ya kanuni, halafu ikarekebishwa mara nyingi ili kudhibiti makosa yaliyojitokeza pamoja na kudumisha [[usawa]] katika sura ya nje ya watawa na katika matumizi ya kila siku. Kimya kilichosisitizwa na Fransisko kama sharti la [[sala]], kikaja kuratibiwa kwa mfano wa [[monasteri]]: kwamba kimya kikuu kiwe cha kudumu katika kanisa, [[maktaba]], vyumba vya kulala, ua na mezani wakati wa kula. Zaidi ya hicho, kitunzwe daima na popote kimya cha Kiinjili, yaani kukwepa maneno yoyote yasiyofaa (Mathayo 12:36). Katiba haikuzungumzia maburudisho, lakini sikukuu zilikuwa na nafasi za kufurahia udugu (vyakula na [[divai]], nyimbo, maigizo na michezo), ingawa ilikatazwa mara nyingi ndugu wasipite [[kiasi]]. Hatujui vitendo vya [[toba]] vya kijumuia vilipoanza; lakini mwanzoni mwa karne XIV Ndugu Wadogo walikuwa wakijipiga mijeledi kila siku ya [[Kwaresima]], halafu mara tatu kwa juma nyakati nyingine. Adhabu alizozitoa mwanzilishi zikaja kuongezwa chini ya Elia hata kuratibiwa na sheria. Mapema ulifuatwa mfano wa Wadominiko wa konventi zote kuwa na ma[[gereza]], ila yajali utu. Wasiojirekebisha wafukuzwe shirikani. Mpaka mwaka 1239 ndugu wakleri na mabradha waliishi kwa usawa alivyotaka Fransisko. Baadaye shirika likabadilika na kuwa la kikleri. Sababu ni mbalimbali: heshima kubwa ya mwanzilishi kwa mapadri, ongezeko la mapadri kwa idadi na ubora, chuki ya wengi kwa sera ya Elia aliyependelea mabradha wenzake katika uongozi. Miaka miwili tu baada ya kumuondosha, mabradha wakajikuta hawaruhusiwi tena kuwa na cheo chochote, halafu ikakatazwa wasipokewe tena shirikani, isipokuwa kwa sababu ya pekee. Pia mabradha walifungiwa kabisa mlango wa ukleri kwa kufafanua visivyo maneno ya kanuni yasemayo, “wasio na elimu wasijisumbue kusudi waipate”. Basi, baada ya katazo la kufanya kazi za mikono nje ya konventi kama zamani, sura ya bradha Mfransisko ikawa kwa karne nyingi ile ya mtu ambaye hana sauti wala [[kura]], amekusudiwa kutoa huduma za konventini na kuombaomba, ambaye heshima yake kubwa ni kuwatumikia wanashirika mapadri. Hivyo miito ya namna hiyo haikutoka tena kwa watu wenye elimu wenye kulenga utakatifu wa Kifransisko, bali kwa watu wadogo, wasiojua kusoma, wasio na mbele wala nyuma, ambao wengi wao waliingia utawani kujitafutia tu maisha ya hakika. Hapo ilibidi wachujwe sana. Kwa njia hiyo sura ya ndani ya jamaa ilibadilika sana, kwa kuwa na ma[[tabaka]] yenye [[kazi]] tofauti, [[haki]] tofauti na [[malezi]] tofauti. Ila marekebisho yakajaribu kurudia hali ya mwanzoni. Baadaye ikatokea migawanyiko mingine kati ya waliopewa na wasiopewa fadhili, yaani ruhusa za pekee. Kwanza zilitolewa kwa walimu na wanafunzi ili kustawisha masomo katika ngazi za juu, halafu katika ngazi ya kati na ya chini. Wakaja kuongezwa waliowahi kuwa na vyeo, wazee na hatimaye wahubiri. Malalamiko yakawa mengi, hasa walionyimwa walipokosa hata mahitaji yao, ingawa wagonjwa waliendelea kushughuliwa vizuri, na haki zao zilitetewa na sheria. Utaratibu wa kimonaki wa kuwapanga watawa kufuatana na muda wa kukaa utawani, uliokataliwa mwanzoni ukajipenyeza shirikani; hata katika hilo, na katika kuwapa viongozi heshima kubwa za nje, marekebisho yakarudia usahili wa mwanzoni. Fransisko aliwazoesha wafuasi wake kuwa wazi kati yao, kuelezana habari za safari, kujishtaki kwa unyenyekevu na kuomba msamaha. Ndiyo asili ya “[[mkutano wa makosa]]” ambao uliagizwa na [[katiba]] (1260) mara moja kwa wiki, ukifuatwa na mkutano wa jumuia uliojadili masuala ya pamoja. Mpango wa mwanzilishi wa kuwatuma wafuasi wake ulimwenguni wawiliwawili uliendelea, ila kwa shabaha ya kulindana bila ya kuaminiana, badala ya kushuhudia umoja wa kidugu na kusaidiana. Malezi kwa jumla yalilenga zaidi maisha ya ndani kuliko kwenda ulimwenguni, jambo lililotarajiwa kuwa la nadra tu. Mipango ya kwanza kwa malezi iliratibiwa na katiba (1260). Walezi walisaidiwa na vitabu kadhaa, hasa “Kielelezo cha Nidhamu” cha [[Bernardo wa Besse]] (+1300 hivi) ambacho kinalenga nidhamu, adabu njema, usafi na taratibu za kimonaki kuliko mitindo ya Kifransisko. Baada ya kumaliza [[unovisi]], watawa wapya waliendelea kulelewa walau miaka mitatu, ingawa kazi hiyo ilionekana mapema kuwa ngumu sana. Sehemu mbalimbali (hasa Wakonventuali) walianza kupokea watoto wadogo kama walivyofanya wamonaki. Toka mwanzo kazi za Ndugu Wadogo zilikuwa tatu: sala, kazi za mikono na mahubiri; [[uvivu]] ulikuwa tishio kwa mwanzilishi na viongozi wengine. Bonaventura alipochaguliwa aliwaandikia mara wanashirika wote ili kuwaonyesha hatari hiyo kubwa, lakini alipinga kabisa watawa kufanya kazi za mikono zenye malipo. Badala yake walitafutiwa kazi nyingine mbalimbali: kusoma, kuimba [[Zaburi]], kutoa huduma za nyumbani, kuombaomba n.k. Mchango muhimu mmojawapo wa mashirika ya Ombaomba ni kujenga daraja kati ya liturujia ya monasteri na ya makanisa makuu na mahitaji ya kidini ya jamii yenye kubadilika. Ndugu Wadogo, wakitumia haki ya wakati huo ya kila shirika kujitengenezea liturujia yake, walistawisha [[kalenda]] na taratibu zao, pamoja na kufuata kimsingi zile za Roma. Walizifupisha kwa faida ya sala ya moyo, na kuzisogeza jirani na haja za mtu binafsi. Ingawa wapinzani walisema kufanya hivyo ni kuvuruga liturujia, Mapapa wakaja kueneza [[breviari]] ya Kifransisko katika Kanisa lote la [[Kilatini]]. Hata [[misale]] ya Kiroma iliyotumiwa na kurekebishwa na Ndugu Wadogo ikaja kuenea: taratibu nyingi za [[ibada]], nyimbo na [[sikukuu]] mpya ziliingizwa nao kabla hazijakubaliwa kwa Kanisa lote. Kwa juhudi na mafanikio ya pekee zilistawishwa ibada kwa [[Ekaristi]], jina la Yesu, kuzaliwa kwake na kuteseka ([[Njia ya Msalaba]]), [[Bikira Maria]] ([[Kukingiwa Dhambi ya Asili]]). Kwa ajili hiyo, nje ya ibada walitumia pia maigizo, wakisaidiwa na [[Utawa III]]. Baada ya jumuia zote kupata kanisa la kitawa ambapo iliwabidi waadhimishe [[Sala ya Kanisa]], ibada zilizidi kuwa za fahari, hasa kwa lengo la kuwapa kazi ya kufanya ndugu wasiosoma wala kuhubiri. Kwa sababu hiyohiyo, juu ya Sala ya Kanisa vikaongezwa vipindi vingine kwa ajili ya wafu, kwa heshima ya Bikira Maria n.k. Hoja ya msingi ilikuwa kwamba walio wengi wasingefanya bidii katika sala ya binafsi. Kama kawaida, marekebisho yalirudia kusisitiza sala ya moyo na kusoma tu Zaburi, pamoja na kuadhimisha [[Misa]] pasipo fahari katika makanisa madogomadogo. Wasio mapadre walihudhuria Misa, ila ilikuwa kawaida kupokea Ekaristi kila baada ya wiki mbili. Kumbe maungamo yalikuwa mara mbili kwa juma. Kati ya walimu wa kiroho Bonaventura alishika nafasi ya kwanza. Maandishi yake yote yalilenga [[maisha ya kiroho]], na kuathiri sana shirika na Kanisa lote hadi leo; ndiyo sababu akatangazwa [[mwalimu wa Kanisa]] kwa jina la “mwalimu wa kiserafi”. Tukiacha waandishi wengine bora na kuzingatia waliofaulu kuyatekeleza kikamilifu maisha ya kiroho, tunakuta katika karne tatu za kwanza walifariki watakatifu 25 na wenye heri 61: ndio ushahidi bora wa jinsi kipeo cha Kifransisko kinavyofaa. Wa kwanza ni wafiadini wa [[Moroko]] (5 wa mwaka 1220, na 7 wa mwaka 1227). Kufuatana na mfano wao alijiunga na shirika [[Antoni wa Padua]] (+1231), “mwalimu wa Kiinjili” mwenye utakatifu usiosemeka kulingana na moyo wa mwanzilishi. Baada ya Bonaventura kuna askofu mwingine, [[Ludoviko wa Tolosa]] (+1297), aliyekufa kijana kama alivyotamani. Karne XIV, iliyojaa wamisionari na wafiadini, ina ndugu wanne kutoka nchi mbalimbali waliotangazwa watakatifu: [[Nikola Tavelic]] na wenzake waliouawa [[Yerusalemu]] (1391). Watakatifu sita wa karne XV ni Waoservanti ambao walipigania kanuni na kufanya utume mkubwa: Bernardino wa Siena (+1444), Yohane wa Capestrano (+1456) na Yakobo wa Marka (+1476) toka Italia, [[Didakus wa Alkala]] (+1463) toka [[Hispania]], halafu [[Yohane wa Dukla]] (+1484) toka [[Polandi]], isipokuwa [[Petro Regalado]] (+1456) aliyeishi katika urekebisho wa Wavilyakresi wa Hispania. ===Utume (1226-1517)=== Tangu mashirika ya Wafransisko na Wadominiko yaanzishwe, Mapapa walitambua yanavyohitajika na kufaa kutegemezea Kanisa la Roma ambalo, baada ya kufikia kilele cha fahari na mamlaka wakati wa [[Papa Inosenti III]] (1198-1216), lilianza kukabiliana na upinzani mpya wa viongozi wa siasa. Ili waweze kuwatumia watawa hao bila ya pingamizi, Mapapa walijiwekea kuwasimamia wasikae chini ya Maaskofu, wakawapendelea katika tume nyingi. Hivyo toka mwanzo Ndugu Wadogo walifanya kazi katika ofisi za Papa na kupewa vyeo mbalimbali, kinyume cha matakwa ya Fransisko aliyetaka wabaki “wadogo”. Hasa baada ya Gregori IX, Mapapa waliona ustawi wa Kanisa unastahili uzingatiwe kuliko udogo wa Kifransisko. Ingawa shirika lilijitahidi kuzuia ongezeko la vyeo, katika karne XIII waliishi Maaskofu Wafransisko 250, katika karne XIV 746, katika karne XV 791, na miaka 17 ya kwanza ya karne XVI 70. Mabalozi wa Papa jumla walikuwa zaidi ya 300, Makardinali 29, na wawili wakawa [[Papa Nikolasi IV]] (1288-1292) na [[Papa Sixtus IV]] (1471-1484). Ndugu Wadogo walichangia sana Mitaguso mikuu yote ya karne hizo tatu: [[Mtaguso wa Lyons I|Lyons I]] (1245), Lyons II (1274), Vienne (1311-1312), Konstans (1414-1418), [[Mtaguso wa Firenze|Firenze]] (1431-1445) na [[Mtaguso wa Laterano V|Laterano V]] (1512-1517). Vilevile ndugu wengine walitetea haki za Papa dhidi ya upinzani, na zaidi ya 200 walipokea hata kazi ya kuwahukumu wazushi, ingawa hiyo haikuwapendeza sana. Kazi ya kawaida zaidi ilikuwa ile ya kuhubiri. Waliokubaliwa na Watumishi wakaja kuunda tabaka la juu kuliko mapadri wa kawaida (waliosoma Misa tu) na ya mabradha. Ilipobaki kazi ya wasomi tu, ikarudia mitindo ya vyuoni na kuachana na [[usahili]] wa mwanzo alioutumia na kuutaka mwanzilishi. Mhubiri mkuu wa kwanza ulikuwa Antoni ambaye kwa miaka 10 alichangamsha Italia na Ufaransa Kusini akishinda uzushi. Pamoja na kuhubiri, wengine wametuachia kwa maandishi hotuba zao, mifano mingi na maelekezo juu ya namna ya kuhubiri. Karne XV ndiyo bora kwa mahubiri ya Kifransisko, ambapo “nguzo za Oservansya” walitoka upwekeni wakawashirikisha wote utajiri waliojipatia katika sala. Makanisa hayakutosha kukusanya wasikilizaji; wote waliguswa na wengi wakaongoka. Kutoka Italia wakahubiri nchi mbalimbali hadi [[Norwe]]. Tunda mojawapo la utume wa Yohane wa Capestrano ni ushindi wa Wakristo juu ya Waturuki waliotishia kuvamia Ulaya yote (1456). Huko Italia mahubiri hayo yalipinga mwelekeo mpya wa kuweka pembeni Ukristo katika maisha ya kila siku na kujali ustawi wa kidunia tu. [[Kitubio]] kilifuatana na mahubiri; hasa baada ya Mapapa kuruhusu watawa kutoa huduma hiyo, ikaja kuwa mojawapo ya kazi zao kuu. Shirika likiwa na uhusiano wa pekee na watu wadogo toka mwanzo, daima ni jepesi kutambua hali na haja zao upande wa roho na wa mwili, na kuziitikia vizuri, hata kupitia Utawa III. Kipindi hicho watu walielekea sana kujiundia makundi kadiri ya fani zao n.k. Ndugu Wadogo waliwaelekeza kufanya hivyo bila ya kusahau dini, katika jina na taratibu walivyoyapatia. Walipatanisha mara nyigi wanasiasa wa miji au vyama tofauti, walisaidia maskini na wagonjwa (hata wenye [[ukoma]] na tauni), walianzisha [[hospitali]], walilaumu hadharani [[dhuluma]] n.k. Kwa ajili hiyo, bila ya kujali upinzani wowote, walianzisha pia [[benki]] ambazo zikopeshe pesa kwa [[riba]] ndogo sana ili kukomesha waliodai riba pasipo kiasi (hasa [[Wayahudi]]). Kabla hatujaeleza umisionari wa Ndugu Wadogo, tuangalie juhudi zao kwa ajili ya umoja kati ya [[Waortodoksi]] na Kanisa la Roma. Kabla [[Konstantinopoli]] haujatekwa na Waturuki (1453), udhaifu wa [[Wagiriki]] upande wa siasa na jeshi uliwaelekeza kutafuta msaada wa [[Wakristo wa Magharibi]]. Hivyo zilipatikana fursa nyingi za kukaribiana na kujaribu kuungana, ambazo Mapapa kila mara waliwatumia Wafransisko na Wadominiko. Kwa namna ya pekee Mtaguso II wa Lyons, kwa juhudi hasa za Bonaventura, ulifanikiwa kutangaza umoja, ingawa baadaye ukashindikana kwa sababu mbalimbali. Juhudi nyingine kulingana na mitazamo ya nyakati hizo zilifanywa na Ndugu Wadogo waliosambaa kotekote Mashariki na kutoa mifano bora ya maisha yao, pamoja na kutangaza kwa sauti na kwa maandishi ukweli wa Kanisa Katoliki ili kuwavuta Waortodoksi mmojammoja au makundimakundi kuingia katika ushirika kamili nalo. Sehemu fulanifulani matunda yaliridhisha, lakini wengine waliuawa, hasa baada ya Waturuki kuteka Ulaya Mashariki Kusini. Nje ya eneo hilo, utume huo ulifanyika pia [[Urusi]], [[Georgia]], [[Armenia]], [[Irani]], [[Lebanoni]], [[Misri]] hata [[Ethiopia]]. Kazi ngumu zaidi ilifanyika kwa wasio Wakristo. Karne XIII ilikuwa mwanzo wa [[umisionari]] wa aina mpya, ambao unaongozwa na Mapapa kwa kutumia mashirika ya Ombaomba (yaliyofaa sana kwa utayari wa kutumwa na kwa umoja wa miundo yake), unapata wamisionari mchanganyiko kutoka nchi yoyote, unaenea katika bara lote la [[Asia]] (ambalo linakuja kujulikana na Wazungu wakati huo) na hauna faida ya uchumi. Fransisko alichochea hayo kwa mifano na mafundisho yake ambayo alisisitiza kuwa wito huo ni wa Kimungu, kwa hiyo hautakiwi kuzuiwa. Kwa mang’amuzi yake alielekeza kutoa kwanza ushuhuda wa maisha ya Kikristo, halafu tu, kadiri ya mapenzi ya Mungu, kuhubiri wazi [[imani]]. Wafuasi wake hawakufuata daima maelekezo hayo, kwa maana wengi waliwachokoza [[Waislamu]] ili kuuawa. Katika historia ya [[misheni]] za Kifransisko, tunaona kwanza uenezi mkubwa upande wa Mashariki, halafu karne nyingine ya kufifia, halafu katika karne XV msukumo mpya toka kwa Waoservanti, lakini kuelekea maeneo mapana ambayo yalivumbuliwa na Wazungu miaka ya mwisho ya karne hiyo na kuhitaji Injili. Kuanzia mwaka 1217 Wafransisko wametunza mahali patakatifu pa nchi ya Yesu, ingawa iliwabidi kuvumilia magumu mengi, dhuluma na vifodini; wengi walikufa pia kwa kuwashughulikia wenye tauni. Kuanzia mwaka 1219 wengine walitumwa [[Afrika]] Kaskazini, ambapo baadhi walifia dini. Shirika lilianza kupata Maaskofu kwa ajili ya Moroko, ingawa hawakuweza kukaa huko. Kumbe [[Tunisia]] na [[Libya]] waliruhusiwa kuwaongoa Waislamu wakachuma matunda kwa muda fulani, ingawa vipindi vingine waliweza tu kuwahudumia Wakristo wageni. [[Image:Central Asian trade routes.jpg|thumb|right|380px|[[Ramani]] inayoonyesha kwa [[rangi]] ya [[buluu]] iliyokolea [[safari]] ya Yohane wa Pian del Carpine hadi [[Asia mashariki]].]] Mwaka 1241 Wamongolia, baada ya kujitwalia Asia karibu nzima, walivamia Ulaya na kufadhaisha Wakristo wote, kwa sababu hakuna aliyeamini uwezekano wa kuwashinda. Mapapa walijaribu kuwasimamisha kwa kutuma Wafransisko na Wadominiko (wa kwanza ni [[Yohane wa Pian del Carpine]]) waombe masharti ya amani. Ujumbe huo uliposhindikana, walianza kupenya kama wamisionari upande wa Ulaya Mashariki, wakasambaa kwa ruhusa ya watu hao wakatili sana katika utawala wao wote. Nikola IV alimtuma (1291) [[Yohane wa Montecorvino]], mwanzilishi wa misheni za [[China]] na Askofu wa kwanza wa [[Beijing]], mwenye majimbo sita chini yake katika ufalme mzima (hadi Urusi). Nyumba za kitawa katika eneo hilo lote likafikia kuzidi 50, baadhi zikiwa na ndugu wasiopungua 20. [[Papa Inosenti VI]] (1352-1362) aliomba mkutano mkuu wa mwaka 1353 uongeze wamisionari alivyotaka mfalme wa Mongolia, lakini itikio likawa hafifu, kwa kuwa tauni iliyoua wamisionari wengi, iliua pia watawa wengi Ulaya. Hivyo misheni zikaendelea kwa shida tu mpaka ikaja kufa China ilipojikomboa. Pia, Ndugu Wadogo waliongoa Walitwania, taifa la mwisho la Ulaya kuingia Ukristo (karne XIII na XIV). Karne XV ilielekeza umisionari upande mwingine, na Waoservanti waliuchangamkia kuanzia visiwa vya [[Kanaria]] vilivyopokea Ukristo haraka kwa juhudi za ndugu waliofikia kuwa 200, mmojawao Didakus wa Alkala. Kutoka huko umisionari ulienea pwani za Afrika Magharibi. Mzunguko wa Afrika hadi [[Rasi ya Tumaini Jema]] ([[Bartolomeo Dias]], 1488) na [[India]] ([[Vasko Da Gama]], 1497-1498), na hasa uvumbuzi wa [[Amerika]] ([[Kristoforo Columbus]], 1492) ulisisimua sana umisionari kwa maeneo, miundo na mbinu mpya. Wakati ambapo uenezi wa Waturuki Waislamu ulikuja kuzuia njia za Asia, na misheni zilizokuwa chini ya utawala wao zilidumaa, Ndugu Wadogo walistawisha upeo umisionari wao Amerika na Asia Mashariki kupitia baharini (wakati huo Asia Mashariki ilikuwa chini ya Askofu wa [[Funchal]], katika kisiwa cha Afrika Magharibi!). Upande wa miundo wafalme wa [[Ureno]] na wa Hispania walipogawana ulimwengu kwa baraka ya [[Papa Alexander VI]] (1492-1503) walipewa pia usimamizi wa kazi zote za misheni, pamoja na haki ya kuchagua na kutuma wamisionari katika maeneo yao. Hivyo karne XVI idadi ya wamisionari OFM ilifikia 6,000, wengi wao wakitokea nchi hizo mbili, kwa sababu mataifa mengine waliweza wakabaguliwa na hata kurudishwa nyumbani. Ndugu Wadogo 6 wa kwanza walifika Amerika (kisiwa cha [[Hispaniola]], leo [[Jamhuri ya Dominika|Dominikana]]/[[Haiti]]) mwaka 1493 na kuanza kuwahubiria wazalendo. Wengine wakafuata mapema na kuenea kadiri vilivyovumbuliwa visiwa vingine. Kufikia mwaka 1500 walikuwa wameshabatizwa wazalendo 3,000 Hispaniola na wengi zaidi [[Kuba]]. Mwaka 1504 yaliundwa majimbo matatu na mwaka 1505 kanda ya shirika. Mwaka 1511 alitawazwa Askofu wa kwanza wa Amerika visiwani (Dominikana) na mwaka 1513 wa bara ([[Panama]]), wote wawili wakiwa Wafransisko. Ila barani hatari zikawa nyingi. Waliohamia [[Brazili]] (1503) waliuawa baada ya miaka miwili, na wengi wa waliowafuata wakauawa pia. Hata hivyo Wafransisko wakaendelea na umisionari huko, wakiwa peke yao hadi 1549. Vilevile Ndugu Wadogo ndio wamisionari wa kwanza kufika India kwa meli (1500, baada ya kupitia Brazili); wengine wakafuata. [[Mabanyani]] waliwaua 3, lakini wengine waliongoka jumla wakabatizwa pasipo mafundisho kutokana na uhaba wa wamisionari. Safarini, wengine walihubiri kisiwani [[Sokotra]] (karibu na [[Somalia]]) na kuongoa karibu wote, hata wakageuza msikiti kuwa kanisa la Bikira Maria; lakini [[Waarabu]] wakakiteka (1510) wakaharibu kila kitu. Uenezaji wa [[Injili]] unatimia unapopenya [[utamaduni]] wa watu. Tuone basi Ufransisko ulivyoathiri Kanisa na jamii, kuanzia elimu, [[fasihi]] na [[sanaa]]. Fransisko hakuwa msomi, tena alihisi uchu wa elimu unavyoweza kuzuia udogo na usawa wa wafuasi wake. Lakini, akitambua njia hiyo haiepukiki, alielekeza namna ya kuifuata bila ya kudhurika. Kwake Antoni wa Padua ndiye kielelezo, kwa jinsi alivyokuwa tayari kuweka pembeni usomi. Ndiyo sababu alimruhusu kuwafundisha ndugu [[teolojia]] huko [[Bologna]] mradi isizimishwe roho ya sala na ibada. Mwaka 1231 shirika lilikuwa na nyumba za masomo hata Paris na [[Oxford]] karibu na vyuo vikuu ili kuwaandaa walimu ambao wafundishe katika konventi muhimu zaidi za kila kanda. Ndipo walipojipatia sifa ya elimu na nafasi mpya za utume, ingawa Egidi na wengineo walizidi kulaumu Paris kwamba imeharibu shirika. Tangu karne XIV katika konventi karibu zote kulikuwa na vipindi vya lazima kwa wasio mabradha. Pia yalianzishwa masomo kwa waliotarajia kupata [[daraja takatifu]]. Mitindo ya kufundisha ilikuwa sawa na ile ya mashirika mengine na ya vyuo vikuu: vipindi asubuhi na jioni, mijadala, mahubiri ya walimu na ya wanafunzi vilevile. Shirika halikuwa na mwalimu maalumu na mafundisho ya lazima, ila tabia na mazingira yake yote vilielekeza Ndugu Wadogo kuwaza namna fulani, yaani kusisitiza upendo kuliko ujuzi, na [[utashi]] kuliko [[akili]]; pia kumuona Mungu kama Wema kuliko kama Ukweli. [[Falsafa]] ya Wafransisko ilifuata ile ya [[Plato]] kumpitia [[Augustino]] (Antoni alitoka shirika lake). Kati ya walimu wa vyuo vikuu aliyeelekeza njia ni [[Aleksanda wa Hales]] (+1245), aliyemfundisha Bonaventura huko Paris. Kwa mtakatifu huyo, mwalimu ni Kristo tu, na elimu ni moja tu, ile inayotuunganisha naye, hasa Maandiko Matakatifu, ambayo peke yake yanawafaa Ndugu Wadogo. Baada yake teolojia ikabili [[mababu wa Kanisa]] na maandishi ya walimu wa teolojia. Wanafalsafa na waandishi wengine wasomwe tu kwa mpito kadiri wanavyosaidia kuelewa [[Biblia]]. Ndiyo njia ya kufikia elimu, lakini mtu akitaka [[hekima]] anapaswa kuwa na maisha matakatifu. Oxford iliwatoa hasa: [[Roger Bacon]] (+1292), mtaalamu wa mambo mengi na mwanzilishi wa mtindo wa [[upimaji]] kama msingi wa [[sayansi]]; [[Yohane Duns Scoto]] (+1308), mwalimu mwenye uchambuzi mkali, anayesifiwa kwa kuonyesha Kristo kuwa kiini cha [[uumbaji]], na kwa kutetea sifa ya Maria kukingiwa dhambi ya asili (Wafransisko wakaendelea kuitetea hadi ikatangazwa na [[Papa Pius IX]], wa Utawa III, mwaka 1854, kuwa [[dogma]]); na [[Wiliamu wa Ockham]] (+1347) aliyepotosha falsafa akadai eti, akili haiwezi kujua yanayopita malimwengu: msimamo wake ukaenea sana, ukampa [[Martin Luther]] silaha dhidi ya imani katoliki, ukaathiri utamaduni wa Magharibi hadi leo. Ufransisko uliathiri vilevile mwelekeo wote wa sanaa ya Magharibi. Ukiitikia vizuri matarajio yote ya kidini na ya kijamii ya kipindi cha mageuzi, ulieneza mtazamo mpya wa maisha unaojali mtu na viumbe vyote. Hivyo ulichangia sana upatikanaji wa mitindo mipya na njia mpya za kufurahia uzuri, ingawa bila ya kupotewa na imani. Fasihi ya Kifransisko inapenda kusimulia, tunavyoona katika maisha ya mwanzilishi yaliyoandikwa na wafuasi wake; [[uchoraji]] unaonyesha sura halisi ya kwake na ya wengineo; hata [[ujenzi]] unafuata njia mpya, hasa kufuatana na kielelezo cha kanisa la Fransisko huko [[Asizi]]. Hata katika ujenzi wa nyumba zao Ndugu Wadogo waliweza kuzingatia ufukara bila ya kupuuzia [[uzuri]], kiasi kwamba upendevu wake unavutia wengi hadi leo. ==Marekebisho kuendelea (1517-1762)== ===Matawi mapya kuchipuka=== Utengano wa Waoservanti na Wakonventuali ulitatua tatizo moja, lakini haukufaulu kuunganisha makundi yaliyorekebishwa, ingawa Papa alikuwa ameagiza itungwe mara katiba moja kwa yote. Baadhi yalidumu kuwa na kanda zao, Waoservanti wa Italia wakaikataa katiba hiyo wakaendelea kuirekebisha mfululizo ile maalumu ya kwao, na kanda nyingine zilijitungia vilevile na kuzidisha tofauti shirikani. Kilichohatarisha zaidi umoja ni [[utaifa]] uliochochewa na [[serikali]] mbalimbali kwa faida ya siasa ya nchi zao dhidi ya nyingine. Wafalme waliingilia kwa njama na vitisho masuala ya mikutano mikuu, sawa na walivyoingilia uchaguzi wa Papa, lakini kila mara idadi iliwapa ushindi Wahispania, hata washindani wao (Wafaransa) wakagoma kuhudhuria mara kadhaa. Matatizo mengine yalihusu maisha yenyewe, hasa ufukara. Waliolazimika kujiunga na Waoservanti, na wale wasioacha kutumia fadhili walizokuwanazo wakiwa Wakonventuali, walikataa kurekebishwa. Kinyume chake, wengine hawakuridhika tena na namna OFM ilivyoshika kanuni, wakadai ruhusa ya kuishika kabisa. Ndivyo walivyofanya watawa wa mashirika mbalimbali, kwa kuwa haja ya urekebisho ilitambulikana na wote katika Kanisa la karne XV-XVI. Kwa namna ya pekee Ndugu Wadogo walichochewa kufanya hivyo na sura X ya kanuni pamoja na wasia. Ndiyo sababu Bonaventura aliona haja ya kuwepo makao ya upwekeni katika kila kanda ili kuwaachia uhuru wa kuishi hivyo wale wapendao. Kumbe Waoservanti wengi na baadhi ya viongozi wao hawakukubali kuwaachia wenye bidii uhuru huo, kwa sababu ingekuwa sawa na kukiri kwamba wamelegea. Hivyo wakawatenda ndugu hao kama Wakonventuali wa zamani walivyowatenda Waoservanti wa kwanza. Walioamini urekebisho unaweza kutoka kwa viongozi wakaja kujionea haiwezekani. Miundo iliyoanza kama urekebisho ikajikuta inajaribu kuzuia juhudi za waliopenda urekebisho, na viongozi wa shirika lililoanza kwa kushindana na viongozi wakawalaumu waliotaka kufanya vile wakisema eti, ni wakaidi tu! Kwa kukosa busara na wema walisababisha waliotaka urekebisho wakafuate njia zao ili kupata ruhusa walizozihitaji, kwa kumkimbilia Papa au viongozi wa serikali. Mara nyingine Wakonventuali walipokea makundi hayo chini ya ulinzi wao ili kuwakomoa Waoservanti waliokuwa wanawadharau wakijidai ndio wafuasi halisi wa Fransisko. Ndiyo asili ya matawi mapya, hasa lile la kujitegemea la [[Wakapuchini]]. Mwaka 1525 [[Mateo wa Bascio]] alimkimbilia [[Papa Klementi VII]] (1523-1534) ili kuruhusiwa ashike kanuni, avae kanzu asili na kuhubiri huko na huko alivyotaka. Alipokubaliwa, walijiunga naye ndugu wawili, [[Ludoviko wa Fossombrone]] na [[Rafaeli wa Fossombrone]]. Mtumishi wa kanda aliwatafuta sana, lakini walilindwa vizuri na [[Katerina Cibo]], ndugu wa Papa. Ili kukwepa dhuluma, wakajiunga na Wakonventuali, halafu wakapewa na Klementi VII haki ya kuwa na Mtumishi wao chini ya Mkuu wa Wakonventuali na ya kupokea wanovisi (1528). Mapema walianza kuitwa Wakapuchini kutokana na kofia yao kubwa. Upinzani wa Mkuu wa OFM dhidi yao haukufaulu; kinyume chake, kwa kuwa alitaka kuzuia hata makao ya upwekeni ndani ya shirika, ndugu wengi wenye bidii wakakata tamaa wakajiunga na Wakapuchini. Njama nyingine za kuwakomesha zikashindikana, hivi kwamba mwaka 1535 walikuwa tayari 700. Ndipo aliposhika uongozi wao [[Bernardino wa Asti]] aliyelipa shirika jipya sura ya kiroho ya kudumu, hasa kwa njia ya katiba iliyotungwa mwaka huo na kupitishwa mwaka uliofuata. [[File:Guercino Blessed Felix of Cantalice.jpg|thumb|left|Feliche wa Cantalice akimfufua mtotoː [[mchoro]] wa [[Guercino]].]] Hatari nyingine zilitokea ndani ya shirika, kwa ukaidi wa Ludoviko, halafu kwa uzushi wa mwandamizi wa Bernardino. Hatimaye mambo yakatulia na tawi jipya likazidi kustawi kiroho na kitume, ingawa [[Papa Julius III]] (1550-1555) alikataza Waoservanti wasihamie tena kwa Wakapuchini. Hivyo hawa wakazidi kujisikia tofauti na Wafransisko wenzao. Mkutano mkuu wa mwaka 1552 ulionyesha kuwa juhudi kali za awali zimeanza kutulia na kujilinganisha na maisha: shirika lilipanga masomo na kuwa na watu maarufu upande wa elimu, utume na uongozi. Jambo muhimu zaidi, lilimzaa mtakatifu wa kwanza, bradha [[Felix wa Cantalice]] (+1587), kielelezo cha [[unyofu]]. [[Mtaguso wa Trento]] (1545-1563) ulisifu tawi hilo kama urekebisho wa kufaa na wenye uaminifu kwa wito wake hata kustahili kutazamwa na Kanisa kwa namna ya pekee. Shirika likazidi kukaza nidhamu ili kuzuia ulegevu, likaanza kuenea ng’ambo ya milima ya Italia Kaskazini (1573). Ulipozuka upinzani wa Wakonventuali, Kanisa lilikuwa limeshang’amua ubora wa Wakapuchini; basi, [[Papa Paulo V]] (1605-1621) alitamka kuwa ni Ndugu Wadogo halisi na wana wa Fransisko sawa na matawi mengine (1608), halafu akawaondoa chini ya Mkuu wa Wakonventuali na kuwapa Mtumishi wa kwao mwenye haki ya kuhesabiwa mwandamizi halali wa mwanzilishi (1619). Kwa wakati huo shirika limeshazaa tena [[Serafino wa Montegranaro]] (+1604), bradha asiye na vipawa vingi kiutu bali mwenye karama za ajabu, [[Yosefu wa Leonesa]] (+1612), padri Mkapuchini wa kwanza kutumwa kwa Waturuki Waislamu halafu mhubiri bora Italia, na [[Laurenti wa Brindisi]] (+1619), “mwalimu wa Kitume”, mtimilifu kuliko Wakapuchini wote kwa utakatifu, elimu na utume. Wakafuata [[Fidelis wa Sigmaringen]] (+1622), wa kwanza kutoka nje ya Italia, na wa kwanza kufia dini kati ya waliotumwa na Idara ya Papa kwa Uenezaji wa Imani, halafu [[Bernardo wa Corleone]] (+1667), mwongofu mwenye toba kali. Pia walipatikana wenye heri 6. Kipindi hicho ndicho cha ukomavu wa shirika, mitazamo ya Kiitalia ilipopanuka kwa kuenea nje ya nchi na wanashirika waliposhika nafasi muhimu katika Kanisa. Baadaye hakuna matukio ya maana zaidi, isipokuwa mengine ya kufaa na mengine yasiyofaa ambayo yaliathiri shirika: idadi ya watawa na ya shughuli iliongezeka pamoja na sifa kutoka kwa viongozi wa Kanisa na serikali, lakini zilizuka vurugu pia kama ile ya utaifa (1636-1678). [[Papa Benedikto XIV]] (1740-1758) aliamua mhubiri wa Papa awe daima Mkapuchini, akasema, “Shirika la Wakapuchini linastahili yoyote yale, kwa kuwa ndilo kielelezo pekee cha ukamilifu wa Kiinjili kilichobaki hadi nyakati zetu”. Kweli urekebisho huo uliendelea kushika kikamilifu kanuni kwa muda mrefu kuliko mengine yote. Nyumba ziliendelea kujengwa ilivyoagizwa toka mwanzo, ndogo sana, nje ya miji na vijiji, zikielekeza ndugu kufuata ufukara na unyofu hata ulimwengu ulipokazania fahari. Watakatifu wa kipindi hicho ni bradha [[Krispino wa Viterbo]] (+1750), kielelezo cha furaha ya kiroho, [[Ignas wa Santhià]] (+1770), padri mwenye bidii kwa wagonjwa na wakosefu, [[Ignas wa Lakoni]] (+1781), bradha ombaomba aliyesaidia sana fukara, na [[Felix wa Nicosia]] (+1787), bradha mtiifu ajabu, mbali ya mwenye heri 1. [[File:Capela do Divino Espírito Santo em Porto Alegre 011-aa.JPG|thumb|250px|Kioo cha kanisa la [[Porto Alegre]], [[Brazil]], kinachomuonyesha Benedikto akimpakata [[Mtoto Yesu]] katika [[njozi]].]] Vilevile Italia, ndugu waliojikusanya katika makao ya upwekeni kuanzia mwaka 1535 (mkutano mkuu ulipowaruhusu ili kuzuia wengine wengi wasiwakimbilie Wakapuchini), kisha kuongezeka waliwekwa moja kwa moja chini ya Mtumishi mkuu tu (1579), wakapewa katiba maalumu (1595), ruhusa za pekee sana (1596), hatimaye Kiongozi mkuu na mkutano mkuu wa kwao. Hivyo mamlaka ya Mtumishi wa OFM kwao ikawa jina tu. Kati ya hao [[Wariformati]] katika kipindi hicho tunawakuta watakatifu mabradha watatu: [[Benedikto Mwafrika]] (+1589), mtoto wa watumwa huko Italia, Mnegro wa kwanza kutangazwa mtakatifu, [[Umile wa Bisignano]] (+1637), mnyenyekevu ajabu, na [[Karolo wa Sezze]] (+1670), aliyeandika vizuri sana kuhusu maisha ya kiroho; halafu mapadri [[Pasifiko wa San Severino]] (+1721), aliyezingatia sana maisha ya sala, na [[Leonardo wa Portomaurizio]] (+1751), tunda bora la [[Kirekebisho]] kilichoanzia mjini Roma karne XVII. Pia walipatikana wenye heri 4. Huko Hispania, baadhi ya wafuasi wa urekebisho wa [[Pekupeku]], baada ya kuunganishwa na Waoservanti (1517) walimkimbilia Mkuu wa Wakonventuali ili kukwepa vizuio vya OFM, na mmojawao, [[Petro wa Alcantara]] (+1562) akafanywa Mkurugenzi wao (1557). Alipokufa, [[Papa Pius IV]] (1560-1565) akawahamisha Waalkantara chini ya Waoservanti lakini bila ya kufuta kanda zao, katiba yao na mavazi yao maalumu. [[Papa Gregori XIII]] (1572-1585) akamkataza Mkuu wa OFM asiingilie masuala yao ya ndani (1578), na [[Papa Urban VIII]] (1623-1644) akawaruhusu wasifuate tena katiba ya shirika lote (1642). Jinsi sisitizo la sala na toba linavyozaa matunda imethibitishwa na umisionari wao (Amerika na Asia Mashariki) na hasa na watakatifu 9 wa urekebisho huo, wakiwa ni pamoja na [[Paskali Baylon]] (+1592), mwenye ibada ya pekee kwa Ekaristi, [[Petro Batista]], [[Martino wa Kupaa]] na [[Fransisko Blanco]], mapadri, halafu [[Fransisko wa mt. Mikaeli]], [[Gonzalo Garcia]] na [[Filipo wa Yesu]], mabradha, ambao wote walifia dini [[Japani]] (+1597), hatimaye [[Yohane Yosefu wa Msalaba]] (+1734), mpenda ufukara mkuu. Pia walipatikana wenye heri 22. Huko Ufaransa makao ya upwekeni hayakustawi sana hadi mwisho wa karne XVI. Mwaka 1601 walioishi huko wakapewa na Kanisa Mkurugenzi mwenye mamlaka pana sana; hapo wakaenea haraka kwa msaada wa mfalme, hata kanda zote za Ujerumani na [[Uholanzi]] zikajirekebisha na kujiunga nao, wakaitwa [[Warekoleti]]. Mmojawao ni [[John Wall]] (+1679), aliyefia dini huko Uingereza. Katika karne XVI-XVII karibu kila mkutano mkuu wa OFM ulizungumzia katiba na kupigania umoja, ambao haukuwa rahisi kutokana na mchanganyiko wa ndugu waliopenda fadhili za Wakonventuali na wengine waliotaka urekebisho. Katika hali hiyo Watumishi wakuu walijitahidi kuhuisha shirika lote, lakini wengi wao walitumwa na Mapapa kama mabalozi kwa wafalme na Maaskofu wa Ulaya, au walipewa uaskofu wa miji muhimu. Shirika halikupendezwa kwa sababu lilikuja kukosa uongozi imara: ndiyo maana mara kadhaa liliwadai kiapo cha kutokubali kazi hizo au walau cha kujiuzulu Utumishi. Watakatifu waliopatikana kipindi hicho ni: [[Salvatore wa Horta]] (+1567), bradha aliyefanya miujiza mingi ajabu (labda milioni moja), [[Nikolaus Pieck]], [[Jeromu wa Weert]], [[Teodoriko van der Eem]], [[Nikasi wa Heeze]], [[Wilehadi wa Denmaki]], [[Godefrid wa Melveren]], [[Antoni wa Weert]], [[Antoni wa Hoornaert]], [[Fransisko wa Roye]], mapadri, halafu [[Petro wa Assche]] na [[Korneli wa Wijk-bij-Durstede]] (+1572), mabradha, ambao wote walifia dini Uholanzi, [[John Jones]] (+1588), aliyefia dini Uingereza, hatimaye [[Fransisko Solano]] (+1610), mmisionari bora Amerika Kusini aliyezunguka kotekote kwa miaka 14, akihubiri na kuimba. Wenye heri wa kipindi hicho ni 17. Karne XVII ikawa ya utulivu na utendaji, lakini ongezeko kubwa mno la watawa lilisababisha matatizo makubwa na ulegevu hata katika marekebisho. Pamoja na utaifa kuzidi, matawi ya Italia yalishindana kwa maandishi makali ya kukwaza. Makwazo mengine yalitokana na desturi ya Watumishi kadhaa kutuma watawa wasiofaa kwenye kanda nyingine au kuwaacha nyumbani mwa marafiki au ndugu. Badala ya juhudi za watawa kwa ajili ya kanuni kama katika karne zilizopita, sanasana tunakuta viongozi wakijitahidi kuwalazimisha washike kanuni, lakini bidii za namna hiyo hazikuweza kufanikiwa kwa kuwa hazikutoka moyoni mwa watawa. Hatimaye mwaka 1676 mkutano mkuu ulikubali na kuagiza kila kanda ianzishe makao 3-4 ya upwekeni ambapo yafanyike malezi ya watakaji na wanovisi wote: baadaye katika mazingira hayo walistawi [[Thomas wa Cori]] (+1729), mhubiri maarufu na [[Teofilo wa Corte]] (+1740), mwanafunzi wake. Mtakatifu mwingine ni [[Junipero Serra]] (̟+1784), padri Mhispania aliyeinjilisha kwa mara ya kwanza [[Kalifornia]] (leo Marekani Magharibi). Lakini katika karne XVIII ilionekana wazi jinsi matazamio ya wengi yalivyolenga kupata kwa visingizio vyovyote fadhili na nafasi za kwanzakwanza. Kupitia mikutano mikuu upuuzi wa namna hiyo uliathiri sheria za shirika. Pia mabadiliko mengi mno ya katiba, badala ya kusaidia nidhamu, yalizidi kuipunguza kwa kusababisha ndugu wasiijali katiba isiyodumu. Upande wa Wakonventuali, utengano na Waoservanti haukuwaondolea baadhi yao wasiwasi kuhusu utekelezaji wa kanuni, ingawa Mtaguso wa Trento ulitamka (1563) kwamba OFM na Wakapuchini tu hawaruhusiwi kuwa na mali hata kishirika, tofauti na Wakonventuali na mashirika mengine yote. Uhusiano na matawi yaliyokimbilia chini ya Mkuu wao ili kufuata urekebisho ulichochea hamu ya kuwaiga. Ndivyo walivyoanza [[Wakonventuali wa Urekebisho]] Hispania: uenezi wao ulichangia uamuzi wa [[Papa Pius V]] (1566-1572) wa kuunganisha na OFM Wakonventuali wote wa Hispania na Ureno (1566-1567). Juhudi za mikutano, za Watumishi wakuu na za watawa wenyewe zilileta nidhamu na ustawi, hasa mmojawao alipochaguliwa kuwa [[Papa Sixtus V]] (1585-1590) akaanza kuwasaidia kwa kila njia, kama vile kuunganisha chini ya Wakonventuali marekebisho madogo yaliyokuwa yameanza Italia (1562). Ila mwaka 1669 yakaja kutawanywa, baada ya kusumbuliwa sana na Wakonventuali wa kawaida na Wakapuchini (kuhusu sare zao zilizofanana). Kabla ya hapo mkutano mkuu ulitunga katiba mpya kabisa (1625) ili kuondoa misimamo tofauti kuhusu kanuni: katiba hiyo haikufuata matamko ya zamani ya Mapapa juu ya kanuni, bali ilipitisha moja kwa moja desturi za shirika zilivyokuwa. Baada ya kuthibitishwa na Urbani VIII, Wakonventuali wakaanza kuweka nadhiri zao kwa kutamka wazi kuwa watashika kanuni “kadiri ya katiba ya Urbani” tu. Baada ya kujipatia hivyo msimamo wa kudumu, Wakonventuali wakazaa mwenye heri 1 na watakatifu 2 waliong’aa mmoja hasa upande wa sala, mwingine upande wa utume: [[Yosefu wa Copertino]] (+1663) na [[Fransisko Antonio Fasani]] (+1742), wote mapadri. Pia shirika liliendelea kusifiwa upande wa elimudini likaona mtawa wake mwingine kuwa [[Papa Klementi XIV]] (1769-1774) ambaye naye alilipendelea sana, k.mf. kwa kuwahamisha Waoservanti wote wa Ufaransa chini ya Wakonventuali. Kwa mara nyingine upendeleo huo ukazaa chuki ya wengine ilivyojitokeza kisha kufa kwake. Takwimu ya jumla ya Utawa I ni kama ifuatavyo: Mwaka 1575 hivi: (Waoservanti) 32,750; (Pekupeku) 1,700; (Wariformati) 500; (Warekoleti) 50 = OFM jumla 35,000; Wakonventuali 12,000; Wakapuchini 3,600 = Jumla kuu 50,600 Mwaka 1700 hivi: (Waoservanti) 36,400; (Pekupeku) 6,600; (Wariformati) 13,900; (Warekoleti) 9,200 = OFM jumla 66,100; Wakonventuali 15,200; Wakapuchini 27,300 = Jumla kuu 108,600 Mwaka 1762 hivi: (Waoservanti) 39,900; (Pekupeku) 7,000; (Wariformati) 19,000; (Warekoleti)11,000 = OFM jumla 76,900; Wakonventuali 21,000; Wakapuchini 34,000 = Jumla kuu 131,900. Bila ya kujali tofauti kati ya tawi na tawi, karibu 60% walikuwa mapadri, ambao nusu ya idadi yao walikuwa wahubiri, nusu “mapadri wa Misa na sufuria” tu. Ongezeko lilipungua kwanza kutokana na [[Uprotestanti]] kuenea na kufuta kanda kadhaa Ulaya Kaskazini, na utawala wa Kiislamu kuenea Ulaya Mashariki Kusini, ingawa pande nyingine zilifidia. Karne yenye ongezeko la kasi zaidi ni ile ya XVII: ndio mwanzo wa wasiwasi na hofu kwa viongozi wa Kanisa na serikali, kwa kuwa mashirika mengine pia yalikua. Kuanzia mwaka 1634 Mapapa walichukua hatua kuzuia upokeaji wa wanovisi na kupunguza konventi (Italia zilifungwa 24.2%), hata kufikiria uwezekano wa kuwapeleka watawa vijana kupigana na Waturuki ili kuwapunguza! Lakini hatua hizo hazikufanikiwa. Kuhusu uenezi, wakati wa kufikia kilele cha idadi ya wanashirika mgawanyo ulikuwa ifuatavyo: Italia na visiwa 52,400; Hispania na makoloni 26,100; Ufaransa 21,000; Ujerumani n.k. 20,300; Ureno na makoloni 4,000; Dola la Waturuki 2,800; Polandi na Urusi 3,000; Uingereza na Irelandi 1,750. ===Maisha ndani ya shirika=== Kadiri ya hati ya utengano (1517) Mkuu wa Waoservanti tu alikubaliwa kuitwa Mtumishi mkuu, wakati yule wa Wakonventuali alipewa jina la Mwalimu Mkuu; vilevile viongozi wa kanda. Lakini jina hilo jipya halikuja kutumika. Mkuu wa Wakapuchini aliitwa Makamu (wa Mkuu wa Wakonventuali aliyetakiwa kumthibitisha baada ya kuchaguliwa). Jina la “Mtumishi mkuu wa Shirika lote” lililotumiwa na Mkuu wa OFM lilichukiwa na kulalamikiwa na Wakonventuali na Wakapuchini, hadi Paulo V alipotamka kuwa hao wote ni wana halisi wa Fransisko, na Wakuu wao ni waandamizi wake halali (1619). Hata hivyo mabishano ya wazi yakaendelea kuhusu mlolongo wa uandamizi huo, mtindo asili wa kanzu na hasa kofia yake, mpaka [[Papa Alexander VIII]] (1689-1691) alipokataza maandishi yote juu ya hayo. Kwanza [[Kardinali mlinzi]] alikuwa mmoja kwa wote, halafu Wakapuchini wakakubaliwa kuwa na mmoja wa kwao (1564), na vilevile Wakonventuali (1580). Mara kadhaa waliingilia mno masuala ya shirika hadi kulivuruga na kusababisha Mapapa walazimike kuwazuia. Mamlaka yao ilipungua ilipoanzishwa Idara ya Papa kwa Watawa (1586). Tofauti kati ya matawi kuhusu miundo ya ndani ziliendelea, hasa upande wa mikutano, lakini hazikupata kamwe kuwa kubwa mno, kwa sababu ya kanuni na mapokeo yao kuwa mamoja. Haikuwa rahisi kwa viongozi kuhuisha kiroho umati mkubwa vile wa watawa, hasa tukizingatia jinsi Wafransisko wasivyopangika. Ili kuleta nidhamu zilitumika mbinu za kisheria: ziara za Mkuu zilizofanyika kwa ukali na adhabu hata ya kufungwa na kufukuzwa. Mbinu mpya (hasa kuanzia katikati ya karne XVII) ni mazoezi ya kiroho; pengine zilisambazwa pia barua za Mkuu. Maisha ya kiroho yalistawi hasa Hispania katika karne XVI, Ufaransa katika karne XVII, na Italia katika karne XVI-XVIII. Katika hiyo karne ya dhahabu ya Hispania, Ndugu Wadogo walichanga na wananchi wenzao walioandika juu ya maisha ya kiroho: ufafanuzi kamili wa mang’amuzi ya ndani na teolojia ya kiroho pamoja na ugumu wa maisha, ingawa walifuata mapokeo ya shirika kwa kusisitiza zaidi uhuru wa roho, ubora wa upendo na usahili katika kumuelekea Mungu. Ndugu wa Italia walielekea zaidi utendaji hasa katika huruma, hivyo hawakulenga mirukoruko katika ibada. Hasa Wakapuchini walijitahidi toka mwanzo kuandika vitabu vyenye lengo la kujenga kiroho wasomaji na kuwaelekeza wote katika sala kama njia bora ya kurekebisha maisha. Ndugu wa Ufaransa walizingatia hasa matakwa ya Mungu kama muhtasari wa hatua tatu za maisha ya kiroho. Katika karne hizo mtindo wa [[Baroko]] ulitawala sanaa na maisha ya jamii pia, ukijali sura kuliko undani, vitendo kuliko moyo: hivyo mapambo na madoido yakazidishwa sana. Hiyo ni sababu mojawapo ya marekebisho kusifiwa kadiri yalivyojitokeza katika miguu mitupu, nguo duni, majengo fukara na mwenendo adili. Mambo hayo yalipotokana na msimamo wa moyo yalijenga kweli, tofauti na yalipofanyika kwa nje tu. Maisha katika marekebisho yalikuwa magumu, si ya kuvutia, ingawa riziki hazikukosekana kwa ukarimu wa walei. Kila mmojawapo mwanzoni ulilenga kuwa na ndugu wachache katika nyumba ili kurahisisha usahili, ufukara na udugu, lakini polepole idadi ikaongezeka kwa faida ya taratibu za kitawa na hasa fahari ya ibada. Mwaka 1680 kwa wastani kulikuwa na ndugu 17 kwa nyumba; mwaka 1762 walifikia 20. Pamoja na mapadri, mafrateri (kwa maana ya wenye kusomea upadri au walau walionyolewa tonsura) na mabradha kulikuwa na [[Watersyari wa kudumu]] katika jumuia. Mwanzoni mwa kila urekebisho mabradha walikuwa wengi, halafu wakazidi kupungua kutokana na kuchujwa sana; lakini pia kwa sababu wakazidi kukosa nafasi, wakipangwa hata baada ya wanovisi watakaosomea upadri! Mtaguso wa Trento uliwanyima haki ya kupiga na kupigwa kura, ila Pius V aliwarudishia Wakapuchini. Hivyo mabradha wengi walijitafutia ruhusa ya kuhamia kati ya mafrateri, kinyume cha sheria. Wasio mapadri walizidi kupokea Komunyo kuliko zamani. Shida kubwa ilikuwa bado namna ya kuwapa kazi mapadri wasio wahubiri, kwa kuwa hawakufanya utume wala kazi za mikono. Shughuli kuu ilikuwa Misa na Sala ya Kanisa iliyoadhimishwa usiku (lakini kwa Wakonventuali si mahali pote) na mchana kwa nyimbo (isipokuwa Wakapuchini na Wariformati walipendelea kuacha nafasi zaidi kwa sala ya moyo). Haja ya kutafuta miito haikuwepo; kazi ilikuwa kuichuja tu kwa majaribu mengi. Hata desturi ya Wakonventuali ya kupokea watoto ikaja kwisha karne XVI. Ili mtu apokewe kama frateri alipaswa kuwa na elimu ya msingi na kujua Kilatini. Hayakufikiriwa makao ya malezi kwa watakaji. Kwa wanovisi [[Papa Klementi VIII]] (1592-1605) aliagiza (1596) zichaguliwe tu nyumba ambapo maisha ya kitawa yanashikwa kikamilifu; tena watengewe sehemu maalumu na kuwasiliana na mlezi wao na msaidizi wake tu, pamoja na kushiriki ratiba ya jumuia (sala, milo n.k.). Katika karne XVIII zikaanza kutokea nyumba za unovisi kwa mabradha tu, zilizozidisha utengano wa kitabaka ndani ya shirika. Kazi ya mwaka wa jaribio ilikuwa hasa kueleza kanuni na amri zake kadiri ya matamko ya Mapapa; mapokeo ya shirika; nidhamu; juhudi za kiroho; taratibu za ibada (pamoja na kuimba, kwa Wakonventuali na Waoservanti); Sala ya Kanisa; hasa utekelezaji wa sala na maadili. Walezi bora waliandika vizuri juu ya mang’amuzi yao. Baada ya [[nadhiri]] (ambazo zilikuwa za daima tu) watawa chipukizi walitakiwa kuendelea na malezi miaka mitatu katika nyumba ya kuaminika. Kulikuwa na maagizo kuhusu malezi ya kudumu pia (vipindi vya mara kwa mara kwa wote). ===Utume=== Mikutano mikuu ilishughulikia utume wa kuhubiri ikisisitiza ndugu waandaliwe na kuchujwa kwa makini, halafu wasiofaa wanyang’anywe ruhusa. Pia zilipangwa ngazi mbalimbali: kuanzia wahubiri wa konventi na wa kanisa lake hadi wahubiri wakuu wa mahali muhimu zaidi alipojiwekea Mtumishi mkuu (Italia palikuwa 30). Lakini mvuto wa elimu ulisababisha huduma za kiroho zisizingatiwe sana na ndugu wenye vipawa vingi zaidi. Basi, ili kuwavuta wakahubiri na kuungamisha Mkuu wa OFM alipewa haki ya kuwapa fadhili na vyeo, kama kawaida ya wakati huo. Urekebisho wa Wakapuchini ulipinga mitindo ya kuhubiri kwa kurudia unyofu wa Injili, kuhimiza ushuhuda wa maisha na kulenga wongofu wa wasikilizaji. Kwa karne moja na zaidi hao waliendelea kuwa wahubiri bora, kwa jinsi wanavyoelewa watu na kugusa sio akili tu, bali mioyo pia, ya wadogo na hata ya wasomi. Hayo yalikuwa matokeo ya maisha bora ya kiroho, lakini pia ya maandalizi ya mpango chini ya walimu wa hakika. Walipoanza (1650 hivi) kufuata mitindo ya Baroko, matunda yakapungua. Wahubiri waliongoza pia roho binafsi. Wafransiskani waliungamisha sana, kumbe Wakapuchini walisita kupokea kazi hiyo, isije ikavuruga maisha yao ya sala hasa. Walianza kuifanya nje ya Italia (katika mkoa wa [[Alsasya]] kati ya mwaka 1740 na 1747 waliungamisha mara 24 milioni!), lakini walitakiwa kuwa na sifa maalumu. Kati ya mahubiri zilishika nafasi ya pekee wiki za uamsho, hasa kuanzia mwaka 1650 hivi. Waliokusudiwa kuziendesha walidaiwa maandalizi kamili. Baadhi zilifanywa na ndugu 30 hadi 60 kwa pamoja. Kulikuwa na mafundisho maalumu kwa makundi (watoto, vijana, akina baba, akina mama) na pengine mfungo wa siku nne kwa makundi ya pekee. Mbinu zilikuwa mbalimbali, lakini licha ya kufundisha imani na maadili Wakapuchini hawakukosa kuelekeza watu wote namna ya kufanya sala ya moyo. Wahispania walitumia sana maandamano ya toba, rozari za hadhara n.k. Waitalia walikuwa wakipanda msalaba karibu na mji au kijiji uwe kumbukumbu. Maarufu kuliko wote waliofanya kazi hiyo ni Leonardo wa Portomaurizio, aliyeendesha wiki hizo mara 343, akiongozana kwa kawaida na mapadri 4 na bradha 1. Baada ya wiki mbili za mahubiri kulikuwa na wiki moja ya maungamo. Katika miaka 44 aliokoa watu wengi ajabu, na kuinua hali ya roho ya mapadri wanajimbo na watawa katika Italia karibu nzima. Ndiye mwenezaji mkuu wa Njia ya Msalaba, ibada iliyoanza kustawi katika karne XV ikiwa na vituo 7 hadi 37, mpaka ile ya 14 ilipopewa rehema ya pekee (1686) na hivyo kuenea popote. Kumbe kiini cha wiki za uamsho za Wakapuchini kilikuwa ni kuabudu ekaristi kwa saa 40 mfululizo, ibada iliyoanza mwaka 1535 na kutoa nafasi ya kuhubiri kwa nguvu zaidi. [[Image:Murillo immaculate conception.jpg|thumb|250px|''Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili'' alivyochorwa na [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo]], [[1678]], [[Museo del Prado]], [[Hispania]].]] Ndugu Wadogo walieneza ibada nyingine pia, hata kabla Kanisa halijazikubali rasmi, kama vile kwa Moyo wa Yesu, kwa Maria Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili (aliyetangazwa na mkutano mkuu wa mwaka 1645 kuwa msimamizi wa shirika) na ile ya kujifanya watumwa wake. Kuanzia karne XV Wakonventuali walieneza rozari ya furaha saba za Bikira Maria, na chama cha kamba ya Kifransisko (ambayo hata watakatifu 4 wasio wanashirika walipenda kuivaa kiunoni). Ndugu Wadogo waliendelea kushika nafasi muhimu katika Kanisa: 739 walikuwa Maaskofu (kati ya mwaka 1503 na 1710), 16 Makardinali (karne XVI-XVIII), na 2 wakafikia Upapa. Wengine pia waliathiri sana siasa, k.mf. katika vita vya madhehebu, katika kutetea haki za Kanisa dhidi ya serikali, na hasa kama mabalozi wa Mapapa na wa wafalme Wakatoliki. Hasa Wakapuchini walijihusisha na aina mbalimbali za utume wa kijamii, wakidaiwa na katiba kujitosa hadi ushujaa. Kwa namna ya pekee walifanya hivyo yalipoenea maradhi ya kuambukiza, hasa tauni. Katika karne XVI-XVII kila mara walijihatarisha na kufa ili wahudumie kiroho na kimwili walioambukizwa. Ilivutia sana kuona wanajumuia wote kujitolea. Tunafahamu zaidi ya ndugu 2,000 waliokufa hivyo, lakini walikuwa walau mara mbili zaidi, bila ya kuhesabu ndugu wengi wa matawi mengine. Katika miji mingi walikabidhiwa uongozi wa hospitali nzima, hata nje ya nyakati za tauni. Zaidi ya hayo Wakapuchini hasa walihudumia kiroho wagonjwa na walio mahututi, walianzisha vyama vya kutolea huduma hizo, walichapisha vitabu juu yake, walipenya magereza ili kuhudumia wafungwa na waliohukumiwa kufa. Ufaransa walikuwa wazimamoto pia. Hata vita viliwapa nafasi za kujitoa kwa upendo kama mapadri wa wanajeshi, hasa katika kuzuia Waturuki Waislamu wasiteke Ulaya nzima kati ya mwaka 1571 na 1686. Wafalme pia waliwatafuta sana Wakapuchini kama wahudumu wa roho na wa mwili wa askari wao. Ndugu Wadogo walipambana na mifumo mbalimbali iliyofuatana kuzuka karne hizo na kupotosha imani na maadili, hasa Uprotestanti. Dhidi ya [[Rinascimento]] iliyotaka kurudisha Ulaya kwenye mitazamo ya kipagani, marekebisho ya karne XVI yalihubiri toba na kushuhudia dharau ya anasa. Dhidi ya [[Ujanseni]] shirika lilitetea kwa mahubiri na maandishi kipeo cha Kiinjili na mapokeo ya ibada. Dhidi ya waasi wa dini walioshambulia misingi ya Ukristo, huko Ufaransa walianzisha hata [[gazeti]] la kutetea dini. Ingawa uenezi wa Uprotestanti ulifunga konventi nyingi, hakuna hata moja iliyoasi jumla. Idadi ya Wafransisko waliouingia ni ndogo kulingana na ile ya walioupinga tangu ulipoanza, kabla wengi hawajatambua hatari. Kardinali wa [[Brandenburg]] aliwakataza (1519) wasiendelee kuhubiri dhidi ya [[Martin Luther]], kumbe Mtumishi mkuu alipofika Ujerumani aliagiza maandishi yake yachomwe, wahubiri waandaliwe kumshambulia tena na wanashirika wote wasali na kujiandaa kufia imani (kama walivyofanya walau 500 katika miaka 1520-1620). [[Walutheri]] walitokeza chuki yao kwa kueneza kitabu cha dhihaka “Kurani ya Pekupeku”. Baadaye Ndugu Wadogo wakawa kati ya mashirika muhimu zaidi katika kurudisha Ukatoliki kwenye miji na vijiji. Wakapuchini walianza kupambana na Uprotestanti kwa mahubiri na [[katekesi]] huko Italia usije ukaipenya, wakawa wa kwanza kujitolea kutumwa na Idara ya Papa kwa Uenezaji wa Imani mara ilipoanzishwa (1622). Chini yake juhudi ziliongezeka na kupangwa vizuri zaidi. Chuo chake mjini Roma kilianzishwa (1627) hasa kwa juhudi na ukarimu wa Kardinali Mkapuchini. Idara ilikuwa ikituma wale wote waliopendekezwa na wakubwa wao wakiwa na sifa upande wa maadili na elimu. Katika karne XVII idadi kubwa ya waliotumwa ni Wakapuchini. Agizo la shirika lilikuwa kuwasiliana na Waprotestanti kwa kufuata mbinu za [[Fransisko wa Sales]] (+1622), yaani kwa [[upole]], usikivu na ushuhuda wa maisha safi yenye kujitosa. Pia Wakapuchini walishirikisha waamini katika kazi hiyo ngumu, na kuandika vitabu vya mabishano. Huko Uingereza na [[Irelandi]] baada ya kufukuzwa wote, kwa karne tatu Wafransiskani wakaendelea kuingia ili kufanya utume kwa siri kutoka Ulaya Bara walipopokea na kulea miito ya visiwa hivyo. Wakonventuali walifanya kazi hasa kati ya Waortodoksi, wakivuta baadhi yao upande wa Roma na kutunza makundi madogomadogo ya Wakatoliki waliosambaa Mashariki. Pia walizuia Uprotestanti usienee kati ya Waortodoksi, hasa kwa kufaulu kumuondosha [[Patriarki]] wa Kostantinopoli aliyetaka kuhalalisha ungamo la imani la [[Wakalvini]]. Idara ya Papa ilistawisha pia misheni za Waoservanti chini ya utawala wa Waturuki, ambapo wengi walifia dini. Vilevile Wakapuchini walienea sehemu hizo na Urusi. Katika karne XVI Wafransiskani walichuma tunda bora India Kusini walipoungana na Roma Askofu Msiro-Malabari na familia 30,000. Wariformati walifanya kazi miaka 160 Ethiopia wakamwaga damu yao kwa wingi wasikate tamaa. Kuhusu uenezaji Injili kwa wasio Wakristo, karne XVI-XVII zilikuwa na miito mingi ya kimisionari, hata likatokea swali, “Je, Watumishi wanaweza kuzuia watawa wasiende kwenye nchi za misheni?”. Kumbe karne XVIII wito huo haukuvutia tena umati wa ndugu wasio na kazi, hata swali likawa tofauti kabisa, “Je, Watumishi wanaweza kuagiza watawa wao waende Amerika?”. Mkuu wa OFM alifikia hatua ya kutangaza atawatenga na Kanisa watakaozuia watawa wasifuate wito huo. Kwa kuwachagua na kuandaa vilikuwa muhimu vyuo vya kimisionari, hasa miito hiyo ilipopungua: pamoja na kuwakusanya, kazi yake ilikuwa kuwafundisha lugha na kuwalea kiroho na kichungaji. Mara kwa mara Wakapuchini walisita kukubali misheni za mbali kwa kuhofia mazingira yatafanya watawa washindwe kufuata maisha ya shirika yaliyopangwa mtindo mmoja; pia umbali utamzuia Mkuu asiwatembelee kama desturi: ndiyo sababu hawakuanzisha miundo ya kudumu huko. Upande wa Asia, Waturuki Waosmani walipoteka [[Yerusalemu]] (1517) walifunga wamisionari wote kwa miaka mingi, wakaendeleza dhuluma za kila aina pamoja na kuchochea ushindani na Waortodoksi kuhusu kumiliki mahali patakatifu hata kusababisha wauane nao. Utaifa uliwavuruga vilevile. Wafransiskani walianzisha kanda huko India (1583) wakazidi kuenea Mashariki hadi [[Indonesia]] walipoanzisha kanda nyingine (1622). Misheni za Filipino ni sifa kubwa ya Pekupeku walioanzisha kanda huko (1586) na kulipatia Kanisa (kwa msaada hasa wa [[Wajesuiti]]) nchi kubwa pekee ya Kikatoliki katika Asia nzima. Toka huko wakaenea katika nchi zote za kandokando kuanzia China, walipoongoa mtu aliyekuja kuwa Askofu Mchina wa kwanza. Ila mabishano yao na Wajesuiti kuhusu mbinu za umisionari yalikwaza sana hata kudai Papa aingilie kati. Dhuluma zilipoanza (1723), thuluthi moja ya Wakatoliki 300,000 wa China walikuwa chini ya Ndugu Wadogo, ambao wakafichama na kuendelea na kazi yao, bila ya kujali jela na kifo, kama walivyofanya pia [[Vietinamu]] na [[Kampuchia]]. Hata Japani ulizuka ushindani na Wajesuiti, halafu dhuluma kali za serikali, lakini umisionari ukaendelea na kuongoa wengi zaidi. Baada ya Wafransisko 354 wa Utawa I na III kufia dini, waamini wakaendelea kwa siri bila ya mapadri: wamisionari wapya walipofika (1865) wakakuta Wakristo wenye majina ya Kifransisko! Upande wa Wakapuchini walianzisha misheni India (1632) ambapo walishindana na Wajesuiti kuhusu madhehebu ya Kimalabari hadi mwaka 1744. Sifa kubwa zaidi ilipata misheni ya [[Tibet]] (1707-1745) iliyoeneza Injili hadi [[Nepali]], [[Butani]] na [[Bengala]]. Tofauti na India, Afrika na Brazili (zilizokabidhiwa na Papa kwa Wareno), sehemu nyingi za Amerika zilikabidhiwa kwa Wahispania. Kanda OFM ya visiwani ilizidi kustawi hata watawa wake kufanya kazi ngumu [[Venezuela]] na [[Guyana]] (1540); baada ya majaribio kadhaa wakafaulu kupenya kati ya wazalendo wa Panama halafu kuenea [[Kolombia]], ambapo hadi mwisho wa karne XVI walibatiza [[Wahindi Wekundu]] 200,000. Wakati huo barani kulikuwa na kanda yenye ndugu 145; miaka 100 baadaye walikuwa 338. Wafransiskani 2 walifika [[Mexico]] pamoja na wavamizi (1519), lakini kazi rasmi ilianza miaka 5 baadaye, walipotumwa [[Waguadalupe]] 12 walioandaliwa vizuri; hao wakatunga [[sarufi]], [[kamusi]] na [[katekisimu]] kwa lugha ya [[Kiazteka]] na kuanzisha [[shule]]. Watu waliongoka kwa wingi mkubwa ajabu: 200,000 hadi mwaka 1529, 1,000,000 hadi 1531, 5,000,000 hadi 1536, 9,000,000 hadi 1540 ([[Wamersedari]], halafu Wadominiko na Waagustino walisaidia pia). Ndugu Wadogo walienea Kusini (1525) hadi [[Gwatemala]], [[Honduras]] na [[Nikaragua]], na Kaskazini (1527) katika maeneo ambayo sasa ni [[Marekani]] Kusini. Kanda ya Mexico iliyoanzishwa mwaka 1535 ikazaa nyingine 7 hadi Marekani Kusini (1612). Pekupeku pia walianzisha kanda (1599). Mwisho wa karne XVII kulikuwa na Wafransiskani 2,400, wengi wao wakiwa wananchi. Wavamizi wa [[Peruu]] pia waliongozana na Wafransisko katika safari ya kwanza (1527), halafu wakaletwa “mitume 12” waliofanya kazi bora Meksiko (1531), wakifuatwa na wengine wengi kutoka Hispania hata ikaundwa kanda (1553) ambayo nyumba yake mojawapo ilifikia kuhudumia parokia 29 kati ya Wahindi Wekundu: Wafransisko 129 waliuawa nao. Mjini [[Lima]] ilianzishwa konventi kubwa ya malezi kwa wamisionari wa Amerika Kusini karibu nzima. Mapema waliingia [[Ekwador]] (1533) wakaunda kanda (1565), sawasawa na walivyofanya [[Chile]], ingawa huko hawakuongezeka sana kwa sababu wengi waliuawa katika mapigano ya muda mrefu ya wenyeji dhidi ya wakoloni. Toka Peruu Ndugu Wadogo walifanya umisionari kati ya Wahindi Wekundu wa [[Bolivia]] pia hadi mwaka 1793. Walikuwa pia wa kwanza kufika Amerika Kusini Mashariki ([[Paragwai]], [[Ajentina]] na [[Urugwai]]) ilipoanzishwa kanda (1612). Huko Brazili, kwa miaka 100 Pekupeku walianzisha kanda mbili (1657, 1675). Katika karne XVII waliingia pia Wakapuchini na Waoservanti kufanya kazi hasa kwa Wahindi Wekundu, halafu kwa [[Wanegro]] na [[Wazungu]]. Wafransiskani wengine walifanya kazi katika makoloni ya Waingereza Marekani Magharibi, ingawa mmojammoja tu, halafu Wakapuchini waliingia katika makoloni ya Wafaransa visiwani, Guyana na Marekani ya Kati (1722), wakafanya kazi miaka mingi Panama, Haiti, [[Trinidad]] n.k. Hata [[Kanada]] wamisionari wa kwanza walikuwa Ndugu Wadogo (Warekoleti kuanzia mwaka 1615, halafu Wakapuchini): misheni zao zilifungwa kila mara maeneo ya Wafaransa yalipotekwa na Waingereza. Upande wa Afrika, misheni ya Moroko iliendelea hadi alipouawa Mfransiskani wa Italia (1532) ikafunguliwa tena na Wakapuchini (1624-1700), wakifuatwa na Pekupeku (kuanzia 1630). Huko Tunisia Wakapuchini walipojaribu mara ya pili walifaulu kufungua nyumba (1674). Huko Libya Wariformati (1630), halafu Wakapuchini waliendelea muda mrefu kwa matunda mengi. Huko Misri Wafransiskani waliendelea hadi karne XIX. Afrika Magharibi ([[Gine]], [[Kepuvede]], [[Siera Leoni]]) walifanya kazi zaidi Wakapuchini (kuanzia 1634), ingawa walifukuzwa mara kadhaa. Wafransiskani walianzisha misheni ya kudumu Kepuvede (1656), iliyoeneza kazi yake hadi Siera Leoni. Misheni bora ni ile ya Wakapuchini [[Kongo]]-[[Angola]] (1645-1835), ingawa kulikuwa na matatizo mengi (kwa miaka 100 walifia huko wamisionari 144). Aliyeianzisha alikubaliwa kufungua nyingine [[Nijeria]] (1651-1693). Wakapuchini walianzisha misheni nyingine ya kudumu katika kisiwa cha [[Saotome]] (1686) wakihudumia hata Wakristo wa pwani. Mtaguso wa Trento ulikuwa fursa kwa kila shirika kutambulisha wasomi wake. Ndugu Wadogo waliuchangia sana kupitia Maaskofu na wanateolojia waliohudhuria: Wakonventuali 67, Waoservanti 57 na Wakapuchini 8. Idadi inaonyesha kuwa upande wa masomo, waliofanya juhudi zaidi ni Wakonventuali, kwa kuwa hawakupatwa kamwe na wasiwasi wa marekebisho yote kuhusu hatari zake. Labda ndiyo kazi kubwa zaidi waliyolifanyia Kanisa, hasa kama washauri wa Idara za Mapapa na kama waandishi wa vitabu. Hata Waoservanti, walipoondoa wasiwasi huo, wakaona masomo kuwa kazi ya lazima kwa shirika, wakaendelea sana katika elimu (karne XVI-XVII). Kati ya Wakapuchini elimu ilishirikishwa kibinafsi tu, wasianzishe nyumba za masomo mpaka Mtaguso huo ulipolazimisha kuyapanga. Hapo wakasisitiza ndugu wasisome kwa ajili ya elimu, bali kwa kujirekebisha na kurekebisha wengine. Kwa jumla Ndugu Wadogo, hasa Italia, walikwepa vyuo vikuu na [[digrii]] mpaka Sisto V, katika jitihada zake kwa ajili ya Wakonventuali wenzake, alipoanzisha (1587) Chuo cha mt. Bonaventura kama kiini cha shirika lao upande wa elimu. Mwalimu huyo na Yohane Duns Scoto ndio waliofuatwa zaidi na Ndugu Wadogo wa karne hizo, ingawa hakuna aliyetangazwa rasmi kuwa afuatwe na shirika katika falsafa na teolojia. Katika nusu ya kwanza ya karne XVII walimtetea sana Scoto dhidi ya mashambulizi ya Wadominiko (washabiki wa Thoma wa Akwino), hata baadhi wakajaribu kumfanya atangazwe hivyo ili shirika lijitukuze kwa wataalamu wake kama mengine yalivyofanya. Mabishano hayakusaidia kujua ukweli, bali yalijenga ukuta kati ya mashirika hayo mawili yenye udugu wa asili. Hatimaye mkutano mkuu ukahimiza (1651) uhusiano mzuri na Wadominiko katika elimudini, [[shetani]] asiachiwe nafasi ya kufitini. Wakonventuali na Waoservanti waliujali sana muziki pia, kinyume cha Wakapuchini na Wariformati. ==Ndugu Wadogo katika ulimwengu wa kisasa (1762–2005)== ===Matatizo ya ndani na ya nje (1762–1869)=== Ongezeko la watawa lilifikia kilele chake kati ya mwaka 1760 na 1770, likishinda vizuio vilivyowekwa na viongozi wa Kanisa. Kama kawaida, shaka zilizosababishwa na mageuzi ya harakaharaka katika jamii na uchumi zilichangia pia ongezeko la miito ya wasiwasi yenye kutafuta usalama konventini. Kadiri hiyohiyo ilionekana wazi kuwa wingi si hoja na kuwa umati wa watawa haukuhuishwa na vipeo halisi. Uvivu haukuepukika ukazaa ulegevu na maovu mengi. Ingawa watu wadogo waliendelea kuwaheshimu watawa, wasomi walizidi kuwaona vielelezo wa tunu zisizo na maana tena. Jamii ilipokuwa inaelekea kasi matazamio mapya hata upande wa dini, watawa walizidi kujitenga konventini wakijali desturi zao na elimu yao ya kidini bila ya mawasiliano na elimudunia. Kati yao wachache tu walijitahidi kulinganisha imani na sayansi. Kwa muda mfupi mashirika, hasa ya Ombaomba, yalikuja kudharauliwa na wengi. Kufuatana na mawazo mapya kuhusu uchumi, serikali zilizidi kuyatazama kama mzigo au donda kwa jamii. Bahati mbaya, hali ya mashirika ilistahili lawama nyingi zilizotolewa. Sababu nyingine zilizoleta dhoruba juu ya watawa ni kwamba serikali zilitamani mali za mashirika yao, na maadui wa Kanisa waliwafanya shabaha ya kwanza, kwa kuwa kila mara ndio wanaohakikisha zaidi uimara wa ukatoliki chini ya Papa na dhidi ya utaifa (ambao wakati huo ulichochewa na serikali na kupendeza Maaskofu wengi). Ukweli wa dhati ni kwamba Mungu alitaka kutakasa watu aliowakusudia wawe moyo wa Kanisa. Katika barua rasmi za miaka hiyo, Watumishi wakuu waliweka wazi matatizo yaliyokuwepo (utaifa, ugomvi, uchu wa vyeo, [[wivu]], malezi ya kulipua, kujiingiza katika masuala ya siasa, utovu wa unyofu na unyenyekevu, utovu wa usafi na nidhamu) pamoja na utabiri wa dhoruba ijayo. Ugumu wa hali unaonekana pia katika miundo mikuu ya utawa kwenda kinyume cha kawaida: OFM toka 1791 karibu mfululizo iliongozwa na Watumishi wakuu Pekupeku na Mriformati badala ya Waoservanti (waliokuwa na msimamo laini); vilevile Wakapuchini toka 1754 hadi 1789 waliongozwa karibu mfululizo na wasio Waitalia (tofauti na wanashirika wenzao, watawa wa nchi hiyo walikuwa wakiridhika zaidi na hali ya shirika na kupinga urekebisho). Pia mikutano mikuu haikufanyika muda mrefu: katika OFM tangu 1768 hadi 1856; kwa Wakonventuali tangu 1789 hadi 1847. Iliwabidi Mapapa wateue Watumishi wakuu. Utatuzi ulijaribu kuelekea pande mbili: urekebisho wa hiari (kwa watawa wenyewe kujituma, hasa kwa kuanzisha makao ya upwekeni) na wa lazima (kwa viongozi kuimarisha nidhamu). Upande wa urekebisho wa hiari, kwa Waoservanti makao ya upwekeni yalikuwepo rasmi na kuhitaji kuhuishwa tu; kumbe matawi mengine hayakuwanayo. Watumishi wakuu wa Wakapuchini walijitahidi kuyaanzisha Italia na Hispania (huko kwa jina la “vyuo vya kimisionari”, yaani vituo vya sala na malezi ambapo watawa wajiandae kuhubiri) lakini walipingwa sana hata na washauri wao waliodai eti, shirika linafuata kwa umoja katiba yake, hivyo kukubali urekebisho ni kukiri limelegea; tena eti, anayetaka ukamilifu anaweza kuupata popote pale shirikani, hakuna haja ya kujitafutia mazingira ya pekee. Zilipokosekana juhudi za kutoka rohoni ililibidi shirika, hasa katika ngazi ya kanda, lidai vitendo vya nje vilivyopangwa kikamilifu katika vitabu vya taratibu na desturi vilivyoandikwa hasa wakati huo. Hivyo uaminifu ulidhaniwa kuishia katika utekelezaji wa vipengele vingi hivyo, ambavyo tena viliachwa iwezekanavyo vishikwe na vijana na mabradha, huku wengine wakijitafutia fadhili ili kuviepa. Serikali zilianza kuchukua hatua kali, zikidai haki ya kujihusisha na maisha yote ya Kanisa. Kisha kuwafukuza Wajesuiti kutoka nchi mbalimbali (1759-1768) zilimlazimisha [[Papa Klementi XIV]] (1769-1774) kulifuta kabisa shirika lao (1773) lililokuwa kizuio kikubwa kwa serikali kutawala [[Kanisa mahalia]] (Maaskofu walikuwa wakiridhika au kunyamaza badala ya kutetea mamlaka ya Papa juu ya majimbo yote duniani). Kuhusu mashirika mengine serikali (kuanzia Ufaransa, 1765) zilitumia mbinu ya kuanzisha “kamati ya urekebisho” chini ya Maaskofu, zikificha hivyo malengo halisi. Hizo kamati zilitunga sheria za kunyongea mashirika: kupunguza au kufunga konventi zote za sehemu fulani au za aina fulani, kukataza kuombaomba, kupandisha umri wa kuingia unovisi, kupanga idadi yao, na hasa kuzuia mahudhurio katika mikutano mikuu kwa kudai mikutano ya kitaifa tu, vilevile katiba ya kitaifa badala ya ile ya shirika lote, uongozi wa kitaifa usio chini ya ule wa shirika lote, kukataza kukata rufaa kwa Papa n.k. Tukiondoa [[Dola la Kipapa]], nchi zote za Ulaya zilipanga kunyonga mashirika. Kwa miaka 13 Ndugu Wadogo wa Ufaransa walipungua 3,756; kwa miaka 9 Hispania walipungua 5,582; kwa miaka 28 Polandi watawa walipungua asilimia 67! Chini ya siasa hiyo mashirika yalielekea kwisha bila ya sifa. Kumbe [[mapinduzi ya Kifaransa]] yalipoanza kutumia nguvu zaidi na kuamua kufuta mashirika yote (1790) watawa wengi walipata taji la [[kifodini]]. Kisha kutupwa nje ya konventi, walipaswa kuchagua kati ya kula kiapo haramu cha kutii serikali badala ya Papa, au kuhama nchi au kukatwa kichwa. Wengi walikubali kwa furaha mwaliko wa kuacha utawa na kupewa pensheni; lakini wengiwengi pia walikwenda kuishi kitawa hasa Amerika, au walitoa uhai wao ili kutetea haki za Kanisa: kati ya wafiadini hao Wafransisko ni zaidi ya 250. Jeshi la Ufaransa llilipovamia karibu Ulaya nzima, sheria za namna hiyo zilienezwa [[Ubelgiji]] (1796), Italia Kaskazini-Magharibi (1802), Ujerumani Magharibi (1803), Italia Kusini (1809), Hispania (1810). Hata nchi nyingine za Ulaya ya kati zilifuta mashirika au kuyabana zaidi. Katika kipindi hicho waliishi watakatifu [[Egidi Maria wa mt. Yosefu]] (+1812), Pekupeku ombaomba, na [[Yohane wa Triora]], Mwoservanti aliyefia dini China (+1816), na Waoservanti 8 waliofia dini huko [[Syria]] (+1860): mapadri [[Manuel Ruiz]], [[Karmelo Bolta]], [[Engelbati Kolland]], [[Nikanori Ascanio]], [[Petro Nolasko Soler]], [[Nikola Maria Alberca]] na mabradha [[Fransisko Pinazo]] na [[Yohane Yakobo Fernandez]]. Akaja kufuata Mkapuchini [[Fransisko Maria wa Camporosso]] (+1866), bradha ombaomba mwenye upendo mkuu. Pia kuna wenye heri 17. Wafaransa waliposhindwa, mkutano wa amani wa [[Vienna]] (1815) uliamua kurudisha iwezekanavyo hali iliyokuwepo Ulaya kabla ya mapinduzi. Hata mashirika wakajaribu kufanya hivyo, lakini haikuwa rahisi. Mawazo ya mapinduzi yalikuwa yameenea, yakidai uhuru na maendeleo. Watawa waliozoea kwa miaka kadhaa kuishi mmojammoja ulimwenguni, walipolazimishwa na Kanisa kurudi konventini hawakukubali tena nidhamu ya nadhiri. Pia ilikuwa vigumu kwao kuishi pamoja kutokana na misimamo yao tofauti kuhusu mapinduzi. Wasiwasi kuhusu kesho ukaendelea pia kwa sababu serikali mpya zilikuwa na siasa ileile ya kabla ya mapinduzi, hivyo mashirika yakaanza tena kufutwa: Urusi, ukiwa na Polandi chini yake (1831 hadi 1864), Ureno (1832-1890), Hispania (1836-1880), Italia Kaskazini Magharibi (kuanzia 1855), Italia nzima (kuanzia 1866), Ujerumani (1871-1875), Ufaransa (1880 kwa muda mfupi, tena kuanzia 1903). Wakati huo makoloni ya [[Amerika ya Kilatini]] yalijipatia uhuru (1820-1824): watawa wananchi walisimama wote upande wa mapinduzi, kumbe wamisionari (hasa Wahispania) waliyapinga wakateswa hadi kuuawa. Baada ya ushindi jamhuri mpya pia zilianza kudhulumu mashirika hata karibu kuyakomesha (k.mf. Brazili konventi zote ziliagizwa kufungwa mwaka 1822, Mexico mashirika yote yalifutwa mwaka 1855). Hivyo kila yalipotaka kuinuka, mashirika yalikumbwa na matatizo mapya. Hatimaye yalijikuta mali zake zimepungua sana, na wanashirika vilevile, lakini waliobaki wametakaswa kiasi kikubwa. Kwa jumla, si wengi sana waliofurahia hatua za serikali kuwaondoa utawani, ingawa katika nchi nyingi walipewa pensheni. Kati yao mapadri walifanya kazi ya kichungaji jimboni, na baadhi wakawa Maaskofu; mabradha walitoa huduma katika sakristia au hospitali, ila wengine walirudi kwa ndugu zao. Idara ya Papa kwa Watawa ilitoa miongozo kuhusu hali yao na uhusiano na shirika, ikiwahimiza daima waishi kijumuia kadiri iwezekanavyo. Ndizo juhudi za Watumishi wakuu pia, ingawa waliona ugumu wa kuzitekeleza. Mang’amuzi ya maisha ya nje, yasiyo na hakika kiuchumi, yaliwasaidia watawa kuelewa watu wa kawaida, ambao si wakulima hasa kama zamani, bali umati wa wafanyakazi wenye kudhulumiwa na [[ubepari]] katika nchi za viwanda. Wakiishi ulimwenguni hasa Ndugu Wadogo waliacha usomi wao na tabia nyingine za tabaka la juu walizokuwanazo, wakajenga uhusiano mpya na watu na kuwajibika kuwasaidia hata kijamii. Miaka ya kukaa nje ya konventi ndiyo miaka ambapo mashirika mengi ya huduma yalianzishwa na watawa hao. ===Ukarabati (1869-1962)=== Maisha ya kitawa yalipoanza kuruhusiwa tena, waliojitahidi kufufua mashirika yao hawakufikiria kutekeleza karama asili katika mazingira mapya, bali kukarabati tu kilichobaki cha karne iliyopita. Waliridhika kujiona wanashangiliwa bado na watu wema wengi, bila ya kujali jamii inavyozidi kusogea mbali na tunu zao. Hivyo katika malezi wakasisitiza mambo yaleyale ya zamani hasa katika nchi (k.mf. Italia) ambapo miaka ya utawa kuzuiwa haikuwa mingi. Ndugu Wadogo waliweza kupata kwa urahisi miito ya kibradha, ila si ya kipadri, kwa kuwa wengi hawakuwa na elimu au ilikuwa tofauti na ile iliyodaiwa na Kanisa. Tena, waliokuwa wamesoma waliona wazi mbele yao njia za kufanikiwa ulimwenguni, na hawakuweza kufuata mitindo ya malezi ya kitawa iliyokuwa ileile ya zamani, yenye kusawazisha mno watu wenye vipawa tofauti. Basi, miito ikatafutwa kati ya watoto wa familia bora za wakulima wasioweza kuwasomesha: kwao ilikuwa heshima kuwa na mtoto padri mtawa. Ndivyo zilivyoanza (1869) [[seminari]] za kiserafi ambazo, baada ya kupingwa na watawa wazee, zikaja kuenea haraka na kuhimizwa rasmi katika matawi yote. Hapo muundo mzima wa malezi ukaja kubadilika, kwa kupatikana madarasa ya vijana wa kuongozana kuanzia umri wa miaka 11-12 hadi upadri, wakipata malezi yote utawani na hivyo kufyonza desturi, misimamo, mitazamo na matarajio ya shirika. Hawakukosekana watawa maarufu waliopinga malezi ambayo pengine haikuwa na maana tena wala ukweli na unyofu wa Kifransisko, ikitaka kusawazisha wote katika mitindo ya nje, na kugeuza vijana kuwa wanasesere wanaotenda lolote kwa kuongozwa. Hata hivyo seminari hizo ndogo zikawa mbinu kuu kwa karibu miaka mia. [[Jubilei]] ya miaka 700 tangu azaliwe Fransisko (1882) iliadhimishwa kwa unyonge, lakini [[Papa Leo XIII]] (1878-1903) alitoa hati iliyohimiza kufufua miundo ya Kifransisko, hasa Utawa III, dhidi ya [[ubinafsi]] unaotawala dunia. Miaka miwili baadaye Wakapuchini wakaadhimisha mkutano mkuu muhimu sana, uliochukua hatua mbalimbali na kumchagua Mtumishi mkuu bora aliyeongoza miaka 24 kwa mafanikio makubwa katika yote, k.mf. wanashirika wakiongezeka kutoka 7,896 hadi 10,083. Mwaka 1889 Wafransiskani pia, baada ya kuongozwa miaka 20 na Mriformati bora, wakafaulu kufanya mkutano mkuu uliotunga katiba kwa shirika lote, jambo lililokusudiwa bure tangu mwaka 1517; hata hivyo Wariformati walidai ruhusa ya kufuata pia sheria zao maalumu. Mwaka 1895 Leo XIII aliupendekezea mkutano mkuu muungano wa matawi OFM uwe agenda kuu, na Kardinali akaeleza namna ya kuyaunganisha. Waoservanti wote wakakubali, Warekoleti vilevile kwa sharti la kutunza ufukara kwa uangalifu, kumbe Wariformati na Pekupeku walio wengi wakakataa; jumla ya kura ikawa 77 ndiyo na 31 hapana. Basi kamati ikaandaa katiba mpya iliyothibitishwa mwaka 1897, halafu Leo XIII akatangaza rasmi muungano kamili wa matawi yote chini ya Mtumishi mkuu tu, ambao uonekane wazi hata kwa nje (kanzu ya mtindo mmoja badala ya ainaaina na rangi ya kahawia badala ya zile tofauti za awali: nyeusi, ya kijivu, ya zambarau na ya baharia). Akaagiza kanda zisizokubali wasiweze kupokea wanovisi tena, na watawa binafsi wasiokubali wapangiwe nyumba maalumu ambapo wakae wao tu, bila ya kuchanganyikana na walioungana. Hata hivyo muungano haukufanikiwa vizuri; Wahispania walikubali katiba lakini wakaendelea kujiongoza kitaifa hadi 1932; hasa majaribio ya kuunganisha katika kanda moja Wafransiskani wa matawi mbalimbali yalisababisha ushindani mwingi hadi juzijuzi. Hatimaye Wakonventuali pia walianza tena kufanya mikutano mikuu (1891); mwaka 1904 wakamchagua Mtumishi mkuu kutoka kanda ya Marekani, iliyoanzishwa 1872: hatua hiyo ilionyesha wazi mwelekeo mpya wa kimataifa. Jubilei ya miaka 700 tangu shirika lianze (1909), iliadhimishwa kwa fahari zaidi, kutokana na hali ya kutumainisha ya matawi yote. Ila lilizuka suala la uhalisi wa shina na uongozi kuhusiana na Fransisko. Hapo [[Papa Pius X]] (1903-1914) akatamka kwamba, “Watumishi wakuu wa familia tatu za Kifransisko wako sawa kwa heshima na mamlaka walizonazo, nao watazamwe sawia kama makamu na waandamizi halisi wa Fransisko, kila mmoja katika familia yake... Mashirika matatu ya familia ya Ndugu Wadogo ni kama matawi matatu ya mti uleule, ambao mzizi na shina lake ni Fransisko, na viungo vyake ni Ndugu Wadogo kwa haki kamili na sawia”. [[Vita vikuu vya kwanza]] (1914-1918) na [[Mkusanyo wa Sheria za Kanisa]] (1917) havikuleta mabadiliko makubwa utawani. Jubilei ya kifo cha mwanzilishi (1926) ilichochea Wafransisko wote; hali ilikuwa tofauti na karne iliyopita, kwa sababu ya kujitolea sana hata kijamii, jambo lililowafanya waheshimiwe upya na Waprotestanti na waasi wa dini pia. Hata hivyo katika nchi chache dhuluma zikawajia tena: kwanza Mexico (1926-1932), halafu Hispania (1936-1939), walipouawa Ndugu Wadogo 320 na Wafransisko wengine 88. Baadaye vikazuka [[vita vikuu vya pili]] (1939-1945) vilivyoharibu sana hasa Ulaya ya Kati na kanda zake. Lakini mabaya zaidi yakafuata Ulaya Mashariki ukiwa chini ya [[Ukomunisti]] ambao, pamoja na kueneza mafundisho ya wakanadini na kupotosha maadili, pengine ulifuta mashirika yote, pengine uliyawekea vizuio vingi. Kumbe Magharibi tunu nyingi zikaja kufifia kadiri uchumi ulivyostawi na kuleta anasa. Watawa wote na Kanisa zima wakajiuliza upya kuhusu maana ya uwepo wao katika ulimwengu wa kisasa. Majibu yakawa tofauti, na vizazi vikabishana: katika hali hiyo [[Papa Yohane XXIII]] (1958-1963) aliitisha [[Mtaguso II wa Vatikani]] (1962-1965). [[File:Padre-Pio-young.jpg|thumb|right|Padri kijana Pio wa Pietrelcina alipolazimishwa kupigwa picha ikionyesha [[madonda matakatifu]] ya Yesu mikononi.]] Ingawa kesi za kutangazia watakatifu zinachukua kwa kawaida miaka mingi, baadhi ya ndugu wa kipindi hicho wameshafikia hatua hiyo. Kuna Wafransiskani wanane waliofia dini China (1900): Maaskofu [[Gregori Grassi]], [[Francesco Fogolla]] na [[Antonino Fantosati]], halafu mapadri [[Elia Facchini]], [[Teodoriko Balat]], [[Giuseppe Maria Gambero]] na [[Cesidio Giacomantonio]], hatimaye bradha [[Andrea Bauer]]. Wakapuchini wako watatu: bradha [[Konrado wa Parzham]] (+1894), bawabu; halafu mapadri [[Leopoldo Mandich]] (+1942) na [[Pio wa Pietrelcina]] (+1968), mashujaa wa kitubio. Mkonventuali ni mmoja, [[Maksimiliani Maria Kolbe]] (+1941), shahidi wa upendo katika [[makambi ya maangamizi]] ya [[Wanazi]]. Wenye heri wako 50, wengi wao wakiwa wafiadini. ===Changamoto ya Mtaguso II wa Vatikani (1962-2005)=== Mtaguso huo ulisisitiza kweli za kudumu na kuelekeza namna ya kukabili kichungaji ulimwengu wa kisasa. Kwa ajili hiyo watawa pia walidaiwa kujirekebisha upya, hasa kiroho. Ndugu Wadogo, sawa na watawa wote, walipaswa kurekebisha katiba zao pia kwa kutoa wote maoni yao, kufanya mikutano mikuu na majaribio mbalimbali. Kazi hiyo ilichukua miaka mingi kuliko ilivyotarajiwa, kwa kufikiria upya vipengele vyote vya maisha ya Kifransisko. Kwa mara ya kwanza mabadiliko ya katiba yaliwekwa mikononi mwa wanashirika, kwa kujali wingi si ubora wao, basi, iliwezekana kufuta harakaharaka mambo yaliyowashinda wengi, bila ya kujali kama yanafaa bado au la. Halafu wasiwasi uliokuwepo kabla ya Mtaguso ulilipuka na kusababisha wengi wapotewe na dira hata katika imani na maadili. Matokeo yake wengi waliacha utawa na upadri. Wengine walibaki pasipo msimamo, kwa kuona mengi ya zamani yamebadilishwa na mapya ni ya muda (yamekubaliwa kwa majaribio). Ratiba ya sala ilipunguzwa sana, kama si kuachwa kabisa. Utafiti uliofanywa na uongozi wa Wakapuchini ulionyesha kwamba wanashirika walio wengi wasingeshauri kijana kujiunga nao. Ndiyo sababu, pamoja na miito kujitokeza kwa nadra Ulaya, idadi ya Ndugu Wadogo ikapungua haraka tangu mwaka 1963 (OFM) na 1964 (OFMCap); kumbe Wakonventuali walipungua haraka kati ya 1968 na 1975, halafu wakaanza kuongezeka polepole sana. Wengine wasioridhika na mabadiliko hayo, baada ya kunyimwa na Watumishi wao uhuru waliotaka kwa kufuata maisha ya kijumuia ya Kifransisko zaidi, wakaamua kuanzisha matawi mapya. Wakapuchini kadhaa (wakifuatwa na Wafransiskani pia) wakaanzisha [[Ndugu Wadogo Wapya]] huko Italia (1972) na [[Ndugu Wadogo Wamisionari]] huko Brazili (1973). Akielewa nia yao njema katika hali ya fujo iliyotanda, [[Papa Paulo VI]] (1963-1978) aliwakubalia wabaki na nadhiri zao kuu baada ya kuacha shirika walipoziweka. Wakapuchini wengine wa Italia walianzisha [[Ndugu wa Mt. Fransisko]] (1983), na wa Marekani [[Wafransisko wa Upyaisho]] (1987). Hatimaye Wakonventuali kadhaa wa Italia na Filipino wakaanzisha [[Wafransisko wa Imakulata]] (1990) kwa ruhusa ya pekee ya [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] (1978-2005) aliyewafanya mapema kuwa [[shirika la Kipapa]]. Huko na huko kuna makundi mengine madogo, na akina dada wanaoyafuata kwa kushika vilevile kanuni ya Utawa I. Juhudi za kuyaunganisha zimeshindikana kwa kuwa yana sura tofauti. Kwa jumla mashirika hayo hayakuongezeka sana. Hata hivyo uwepo wake umekuwa changamoto kwa matawi makubwa ambayo yakaanza kujirudi kidogo, baada ya kupungukiwa na wengi wasiokuwa na msimamo pamoja na kutambua matokeo ya majaribio yaliyofanywa; shida ni kwamba kujirekebisha baada ya kulegea sana si rahisi, hasa kama kazi hiyo inahusu idadi kubwa ya watu. Polepole karama ya mwanzilishi na ya kila tawi ikaja kuzingatiwa tena kwa furaha, badala ya kujali masuala ya miundo tu. Mambo mengi yaliyosahauliwa kwa karne kadhaa yakaja kuonekana muhimu hasa leo, kama vile roho ya kanuni (udugu na udogo) kuliko mtazamo wa kisheria uliotawala matamko ya Mapapa wa zamani; au usawa wa watawa wote bila ya tabaka; au uwajibikaji wa kila mmoja katika uendeshaji wa jumuia, kanda na shirika; au umuhimu wa mikutano, kuanzia ngazi ya nyumba (ambapo ulikuwa umebaki kwa Wakonventuali tu). Wakati huohuo mabishano kati ya matawi yakapungua sana kwa njia ya ushirikiano wa kidugu mkubwa zaidi na zaidi katika ngazi zote. Hatimaye katiba zikaja kuthibitishwa na Kanisa kulingana na toleo la pili la Mkusanyo wa Sheria zake kwa Walatini (1983). Utulivu upande huo umeleta msimamo mkubwa zaidi kwa viongozi na kwa wanashirika jumla: kinadharia njia imeeleweka; sasa kazi ni kuifuata hadi mwisho. Baada ya Ukomunisti kuanguka (1989) matawi yote yamejitahidi kujiimarisha Ulaya Mashariki walipopata tena nafasi ya kuhubiri na kupokea miito, ambayo huko ni mingi. Mungu anazidi kuongoza historia. ===Utume (1762-2005)=== Kati ya 1762 na 1889 dhuluma zilifyeka idadi ya Wafransisko kwa asilimia 82.1 na kufuta kabisa kanda nyingi (Ufaransa zote 32!) na kuziacha nyingine hoi. Hata hivyo, kanda chache zilistawi, kwa kuwa mawazo ya uhuru kwa wananchi yalikomesha dhuluma za kidini pale zilipokuwepo toka muda mrefu sana, hasa Irelandi na Uingereza. Kwa namna ya pekee mashirika yakaja kustawi Amerika Kaskazini walipohamia watawa wengi. Baada ya dhuluma hizo kwisha, kadiri Ndugu Wadogo walivyorudi kupenya maisha halisi ya Kanisa na ya jamii, walielewa ni tofauti sana na yalivyokuwa kabla ya dhoruba. Iliwabidi kutumia ubunifu wa Kifransisko kuitikia mahitaji mapya ya watu kwa utendaji usiozimika, ingawa ukatokea mgongano kati ya taratibu za maisha ya kijumuia na madai ya utume huo. Mahubiri yaliendelea kuwa njia kuu ya utume, sio tu katika [[wiki za uamsho]], maandalizi ya sherehe na [[mafungo]], bali pia kwa njia ya vyombo vya [[upashanaji habari]]: baada ya magazeti (la kwanza lilianzishwa na Wakapuchini wa Ufaransa mwaka 1861; kufikia mwaka 1919 yalikuwa 164 tayari, halafu yakazidi tena), Ndugu Wadogo walifanya kazi katika [[redio]] na [[televisheni]] au kuzimiliki wenyewe. Katika nusu ya kwanza ya karne XX utume wa maungamo ulishika nafasi kubwa hata kwa Wakapuchini, ambao toka mwanzo hadi mwaka 1847 walikuwa wakizuiwa na katiba wasifanye kazi hiyo. Nusu ya pili ya karne XIX na nusu ya kwanza ya karne XX juhudi za Ndugu Wadogo zilizaa vyama vingi vya kitume. Kati ya vile vilivyoenea zaidi tukumbuke kile cha [[Mashujaa wa Imakulata]] (1917) cha Maximiliani Maria Kolbe, na kile cha [[Makundi ya Sala]] cha Pio wa Pietrelcina. Baadaye Ndugu Wadogo wengi wakaja kupendelea matapo mapya ya kiroho, yaliyoanzishwa na walei, wakajihusisha nayo kuliko walivyojihusisha na shirika lao, hata kusababisha swali: je, kwao ni muhimu zaidi kuwa wanashirika au kufuata tapo fulani? Utume wa kijamii ulipata sura nyingi kulingana na mahitaji ya watu wadogo: huduma za huruma, mshikamano wa kutumia kiasi (katika kunywa), upatikanaji wa kazi na vitendeakazi, vyuo kwa mabubu-viziwi, benki, utume kwa wazururaji, kwa watu wa kuhamahama, na kwa wahamiaji wa nchi zilizoendelea, huduma hospitalini n.k. Baada ya vita vikuu vya pili, na hasa mara baada ya Mtaguso, karama maalumu iliposahauliwa ili kujali zaidi upadri wa mtawa, mashirika yalikimbilia utume wa mapadri wanajimbo kwa kupokea parokia nyingi. Kumbe yalipokumbuka tena karama ya kitawa yakaona ugumu wa kupunguza utume wa aina hiyo (kurudisha parokia kwa jimbo lililopungukiwa mapadri). Hivyo, pamoja na uhaba wa miito yakajikuta yanalemewa yasiweze kutua mzigo waliojitwisha. Upande wa umisionari, katika karne XIX [[ukoloni]] wa Wazungu, waliokuja kutawala maeneo makubwa duniani kote, ulifungua njia na milango kwa uenezaji wa imani. Kanisa lilichangamkia tena kazi hiyo kuanzia Ufaransa, na kufanya mipango mingi ya ushirikiano na wamisionari, hata kuanzisha miundo ya kimataifa ambayo yakaja kuwekwa moja kwa moja chini ya Papa, na vilevile mashirika mbalimbali ya kimisionari tu. Ndugu Wadogo walipoanza kuinuka baada ya dhoruba wakakuta juhudi hizo zimeshaenea hata zikaja kufikia kilele chake kati ya vita vikuu. Basi matawi yote matatu yakajitosa katika kazi hiyo, tena kwa upana na mpango kuliko zamani. Kufikia mwaka 1934 Wafransiskani walishika nafasi ya kwanza kati ya mashirika yote kwa wingi wa wamisionari (3,600). Pigo kubwa lililowapata ni kufukuzwa wageni wote 550 waliokuwepo China katika majimbo 29 ya kwao (1949). Wakapuchini wamisionari waliokuwa 377 mwaka 1890, wakaongezeka hadi kuwa 1,562 mwaka 1975, wengi wao Afrika, India na Indonesia. Hivyo kanda za Amerika ya Kilatini zikastawi (ndugu 1,600 wa mwaka 1905 wakawa 4,700 mwaka 1975); zikaanzishwa nyinginyingi Asia, na chache Afrika na Australia. Basi, kama inavyotokea kwa Kanisa lote, asilimia ya Wazungu shirikani inazidi kupungua, kumbe ndugu wa kontinenti nyingine wanaongezeka. Kwa mfano, kati ya Wakapuchini mwaka 1997 asilimia 15 walikuwa Amerika ya Kilatini, 14 Asia-[[Australia]] na 10 Afrika. Takwimu ni kama ifuatavyo: Mwaka 1762 hivi: (Waoservanti) 39,900; (Pekupeku) 7,000; (Wariformati) 19,000; (Warekoleti) 11,000 = OFM jumla 76,900; Wakonventuali 21,000; Wakapuchini 34,000 = Jumla kuu 131,900. Mwaka 1889 hivi: (Waoservanti) 6,200; (Pekupeku) 900; (Wariformati) 5,700; (Warekoleti) 1,600 = OFM jumla 14,400; Wakonventuali 1,500; Wakapuchini 7,600 = Jumla kuu 23,500. Mwaka 1964 hivi: OFM 27,100; Wakonventuali 4,800; Wakapuchini 11,229 = Jumla kuu 43,129. Mwaka 2005: OFM 15,794; Wakonventuali 4,595; Wakapuchini 11,229; Wafransisko wa Imakulata 282 = Jumla kuu 31,900. Upande wa elimu, kulingana na sheria za Kanisa, mipango ya masomo imebadilika, miaka ya falsafa na teolojia kwa ajili ya upadri imeongezeka, mbali ya seminari ndogo kuna vituo vingi wanaposoma pamoja watawa wa mashirika mbalimbali na pengine waseminari wa majimbo, kila tawi limeunda kituo kikuu cha malezi ya juu huko Roma, ambapo kuna vyuo vikuu vya Wakonventuali (Seraphicum) na OFM (Antonianum), na digrii kati ya wanashirika zimeenea. ==Tanbihi== <!--<nowiki> See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the<ref> and </ref> tags, and the template below </nowiki>--> {{Reflist|2}} ==Marejeo== === Vitabu === * ''The Poor and the Perfect: The Rise of Learning in the Franciscan Order, 1209–1310'' by Neslihan Senocak. (Cornell University Press; 2012) 280 pages; shows how Franciscans shifted away from an early emphasis on poverty and humility and instead emphasized educational roles *''A History of the Franciscan Order: From Its Origins to the Year 1517'' by [[John Moorman|John Richard Humpidge Moorman]], [[St. Bonaventure University|Franciscan Institute]] Publications, 1988. ISBN 978-0-8199-0921-3 *''Origins of the Franciscan Order'' by Cajetan Esser, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1970. ISBN 978-0-8199-0408-9 *''The Leonine Union of the Order of Friars Minor'' by Maurice Carmody, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1994. ISBN 978-1-57659-084-3 *''Friars Minor in China: 1294 – 1944'', by Arnulf Camps and Pat McCloskey, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1996. ISBN 978-1-57659-002-7 *''In the Name of St. Francis: A History of the Friars Minor and Franciscanism until the Early Sixteenth Century'', by Grado Giovanni Merlo, translated by Robert J. Karris and Raphael Bonanno, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2009. ISBN 978-1-57659-155-0 *''The History of Franciscan Theology'', by Kenan Osborne, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1994. ISBN 978-1-57659-032-4 *''Friars Minor in Ireland from Their Arrival to 1400'', by Francis Cotter, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1994. ISBN 978-1-57659-083-6 *''The Franciscan Spirituals and the Capuchin Reform'', by Thaddeus MacVicar, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1986. ISBN 978-1-57659-086-7 *''Medieval Franciscan Houses'', by John R. H. Moorman, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1983. ISBN 978-1-57659-079-9 *''A Poor Man's Legacy: An Anthology of Franciscan Poverty'', by Cyprian Lynch, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1989. ISBN 978-1-57659-069-0 *''The Franciscan Concept of Mission in the High Middle Ages'', by E. Randolph Daniel, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1992. ISBN 0-8131-1315-6 *''Peace and Good in America, A History of the Holy Name Province, Order of the Friars Minor, 1850s to the Present'', by Joseph M. White, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2004. ISBN 978-1-57659-196-3 *''The Birth of a Movement'', by David Flood and Thaddee Matura, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1975. ISBN 978-0-8199-0567-3 *''A History of the Franciscan Order: From Its Origins to the Year 1517'' by John R. H. Moorman, Oxford University Press, Oxford, (1968) ISBN 0-19-826425-9; reprint: Franciscan Herald Press, Chicago, IL (1988) ISBN 0-8199-0921-1 *''Franciscan Philosophy at Oxford in the Thirteenth Century'' by D.E. Sharp, Oxford University Press, London (1930); (a more recent ed.: ISBN 0-576-99216-X) *''Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages (3rd Edition)'' by C.H. Lawrence, ISBN 0-582-40427-4 *''The Spiritual Franciscans: From Protest to Persecution in the Century After Saint Francis'' by David Burr. ISBN 0-271-02128-4 *''Francis and Clare: The Complete Works'' By Ignatius C. Brady, Regis J. Armstrong, Paulist Press, Mahwah, New Jersey, (1982) ISBN 0-8091-2446-7 *''The Fraternal Economy: A Pastoral Psychology of Franciscan Economics'' By David B. Couturier, Cloverdale Books, South Bend (2007) ISBN 978-1-929569-23-6 *''Francis of Assisi: Early Documents'' 3 Volumes. Edited by Regis J. Armstrong, OFM Cap., J.A. Wayne Hellmann, OFM Conv., and William J. Short, OFM. New York: New City Press. Copyright 1999, Franciscan Institute of Saint Bonaventure University, Saint Bonaventure, NY. ISBN 978-1-56548-110-7. * "The Franciscan Story" by Maurice Carmody, Athena Press Publishing Co. UK (2008). ISBN 1-84748-141-8 ; ISBN 978-1-84748-141-2 * "Santo António de Lisboa - Da Ciência da Escritura ao Livro da Natureza", Maria Cândida Monteiro Pacheco, Imprensa Nacional casa da Moeda,Lisboa, (1997), ISBN 972-27-0855-4 * "O Simbolismo da Natureza em Santo António de Lisboa", José Acácio Aguiar e Castro,Universidade Católica Portugesa- Fundação Engº António de Almeida, Porto, 1997, ISBN UCP 972-9290.13-X /FEAA 972-8386-03-6 ===Makala=== * Schmucki, Oktavian (2000) "Die Regel des Johannes von Matha und die Regel des Franziskus von Assisi. Ähnlichkeiten und Eigenheiten. Neue Beziehungen zum Islam" (pp.&nbsp;219–244) in Cipollone, Giulio (ed.). ''La Liberazione dei 'Captivi' tra Cristianità e Islam: Oltre la Crociata e il Gihâd: Tolleranza e Servizio Umanitario.'' (CollectaneaArchivi Vaticani, 46.) Archivio Segreto Vaticano, Vatican City. * [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00263206.2012.653139 , Masha Halevi, Between Faith and Science: Franciscan Archaeology in the Service of the Holy Places, Middle Eastern Studies Volume 48, Issue 2, 2012pages 249-267] ==Tazama pia== [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Franciscans}} ===Tovuti rasmi=== ====Utawa wa Kwanza==== * [http://www.ofm.org/ Ordo Fratrum Minorum] * [http://www.ofmcap.org/ Ordo Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ofmcap.org/ |date=20190816054340 }} * [http://www.ofmconv.net/ Ordo Fratrum Minorum Conventualium] ====Utawa wa Tatu==== * [http://www.franciscan.org/ Tertius Ordo Regularis] * [http://www.ciofs.org/portal/index.php?lang=en Ordo Franciscanus Saecularis] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ciofs.org/portal/index.php?lang=en |date=20140830143534 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141128230850/http://www.franciscancommunityofmercy.org/ Franciscan Community of Mercy], independent Franciscan website. * [http://www.franciscan-brothers.net/ Brothers of the Poor of St. Francis of Assisi] * [http://www.unwa.tk/ Little Brothers and Sisters of Africa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.unwa.tk/ |date=20210921191554 }} ===Wafransisko wa Kilutheri=== * [http://lutheranfranciscans.org/ Order of Lutheran Franciscans] *{{de icon}} [http://www.hochkirchliche-vereinigung.de/evt.html Evangelische Franziskaner-Tertiaren] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hochkirchliche-vereinigung.de/evt.html |date=20070625145621 }} in Germany. *{{sv icon}} [http://www.fto.st/ Franciskus Tredje Orden] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fto.st/ |date=20130821075633 }} in Sweden. * [http://www.marysisters.org.au/international/kanaan/kanaan-brothers.htm The Kanaan Franciscan Brothers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.marysisters.org.au/international/kanaan/kanaan-brothers.htm |date=20110706125151 }} *{{sv icon}} [http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/klostren/Francisk.htm Helige Franciskus Systraskap] {{Wayback|url=http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/klostren/Francisk.htm |date=20071214030418 }} *{{sv icon}} [http://www.franciskus.fi/ Franciskus-Sällskapet i Finland] ===Wafransisko wa Anglikana=== *[http://www.franciscans.org.uk/ Anglican Franciscans] {{Wayback|url=http://www.franciscans.org.uk/ |date=20110717021315 }} *[http://www.osffranciscans.com Order of Saint Francis (OSF)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.osffranciscans.com/ |date=20210609173449 }} *[http://www.stclarelittlesisters.org/ The Little Sisters of St. Clare] {{Wayback|url=http://www.stclarelittlesisters.org/ |date=20100902173451 }} *[http://www.holycrossfranciscans.com/ Franciscan Servants of the Holy Cross – Original Province (FSHC)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.holycrossfranciscans.com/ |date=20141220013315 }} *[http://companyofjesus.org/ The Company of Jesus (CJ)] *[http://www.fodc.net// The Franciscan Order of the Divine Compassion] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fodc.net// |date=20141217105120 }} *[http://cfw.dionc.org// The Community of the Franciscan Way] {{Wayback|url=http://cfw.dionc.org// |date=20140915034157 }} ===Wafransisko wasio na madhehebu=== *[http://scjesus.co.uk/ Companions of Jesus] {{Wayback|url=http://scjesus.co.uk/ |date=20140516194105 }}, a non-denominational order. *[http://www.franciscans.com/ Order of Ecumenical Franciscans] {{Wayback|url=http://www.franciscans.com/ |date=20230208111212 }}, a non-denominational group. === Marejeo ya kitaalamu zaidi === * [http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt5199r1g0/ Online guide to the Academy of American Franciscan History Microfilm Collection, 1526–1972], [[The Bancroft Library]] * [http://users.bart.nl/~roestb/franciscan/ Franciscan authors, 13th – 18th century] {{Wayback|url=http://users.bart.nl/~roestb/franciscan/ |date=20140902235259 }} * [http://www.digitalfranciscans.com/ Digital Franciscans - Extensive list of Franciscan internet resources] {{Wayback|url=http://www.digitalfranciscans.com/ |date=20140810042301 }} [[Category:Kanisa Katoliki]] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya kitawa]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] 3n5wybzacxaqjoq7u4t69ryf8ccg3dd 0 17488 1615561 1599040 2026-11-08T06:23:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615561 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:ZANZIBARI_TAARAB.jpg|thumbnail|right|200pax|Kundi la waimbaji wa muziki wa Taarab Zanzibar]] '''Taarab''' (pia: '''tarabu''', '''taarabu''') ni aina ya [[muziki]] ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] yenye [[asili]] yake katika [[utamaduni]] wa [[Waswahili]]. [[Neno]] lenyewe limetokana na [[Kiarabu]] "tarab" (طرب) linalomaanisha "uimbaji, [[wimbo]]". ==Tabia za taarab== Taarab ni muziki wa Waafrika wa [[pwani]] uliopokea athira kutoka tamaduni nyingi, hasa muziki wa [[Waarabu]] na [[Wahindi]]. Kimsingi ni uimbaji wa [[mashairi]] unaofuata muziki wa [[bendi]]. Bendi hizi hutofautiana kieneo: katika taarab ya [[Unguja]] [[kinanda|vinanda]] vya kulingana na tarab za Kiarabu hupendelewa; katika taarabu ya [[Mombasa]] aina za [[ngoma]] ni muhimu; katika taarab ya [[Tanga]] [[gitaa]] inapendwa. Siku hizi vyombo vya kisasa vimetumiwa pia. ==Historia== Neno "taarab" laaminiwa lina asili katika Unguja ambako mnamo [[1870]] [[Sultani]] [[Sayyid Bargash]] alialika kundi la [[wanamuziki]] kutoka [[Misri]] kuja [[Zanzibar]] walioleta uimbaji wao aina ya "tarab". Alipopenda muziki huu sultani alimtuma Mzanzibari [[Mohammed bin Ibrahim]] kwenda Misri ajifunze vyombo vya huku. Mohammed aliporudi alikuwa [[mwanashairi]] wa Sultani akaendelea kuwafundisha [[marafiki]] vinanda vyake. Pamoja waliunda kundi la [[Nadi Ikhwani Safaa]] linalosemekana ni bendi ya kwanza iliyotumia jina la "taarab".<ref>tazama Ntarangwi, Mwenda uk. 11</ref>. Kundi limeendelea hadi leo na kujulikana sasa kwa jina la "Malindi Taarab"<ref>Malindi alimaanishi hapa mji wa Kenya bali mtaa ndani ya Mji Mkongwe wa Zanzibar</ref>. Hata hivyo muziki wa [[Waswahili]] unaojulikana leo kwa jina la taarab lina asili ya kale kushinda jina hilo ambalo ni kawaida siku hizi. Kuna [[kumbukumbu]] kutoka [[Lamu]] ya muziki iliyoitwa "kinanda" iliyounganisha uimbaji pamoja na chombo cha kibangala na ngoma ndogo na waimbaji wake walihamia Zanzibar wakaitwa "taarabu" huko. ==Taarab katika utamaduni wa Uswahilini== Katika [[utamaduni]] wa Waswahili taarab ilikuwa utamaduni wa pekee kwa sababu ilikuwa mahali pekee ambapo [[wanawake]] walifika kwenye [[jukwaa]] pamoja na [[wanaume]] na kuimba. Kwa sababu hiyo taarab imepingwa mara kwa mara na viongozi wa [[dini]] walioona aina kadhaa za taarab ni [[haramu]], hazilingani na masharti ya [[Uislamu]], hasa wakati wa [[Mwezi (wakati)|mwezi]] wa [[Ramadhani]] na kama watu wanaanza kucheza.<ref>tazama Ntarangwi, Mwenda uk. 14</ref> Miaka ya nyuma muziki wa taarab umesambaa hata [[Bara|barani]], nje ya utamaduni wa Waswahili: unavuta wasikilizaji katika [[miji]] mikubwa kote Afrika ya Mashariki hadi [[Burundi]] na [[Rwanda]]. Bendi mbalimbali zimeingiza vyombo vya kisasa vya muziki katika mtindo wao kama vile keyboard na gitaa ya umeme. ==Taarab ya Tanga na asili ya Taarab ya kisasa (Modern Taarab)== [[Picha:Waziri Ally.JPG|thumb|Waziri Ally akipiga kinanda Lucky Star.]] Katika miaka ya 1950 wanawake tisa wa [[Tanga]] walijikusanya na kuanzisha kikundi cha kuimba walichokiita Raha til Fuad maana yake Raha ya Moyo. Akina mama hawa chini ya bibie aliyeitwa Mama Akida au aka Mama Lodi, waliendesha kikundi chao wakiwa wanaimba nyimbo za [[Siti Binti Sadi]] na tungo zao ambazo waliimba katika melody ya nyimbo za Kihindi zilizotamba wakati huo. Kundi hili liliendelea na kuanza kuruhusu wanaume kujiunga hasa wakiwa wapiga vyombo, akiwemo mtoto wa Mama Akida, Akida Jumbe hatimaye alijiunga na kundi hili kama mpiga accordion kwenye mwaka 1962. Kundi hili ambalo baadaye lilikuja kuitwa [[Young Noverty]], liliendelea mpaka kukaweko na mgawanyiko uliozaa kundi la Shaabab Al Waatan. Hapa ndipo kukaanza mtindo wa kuweko kundi pinzani jambo ambalo kwa njia ya ajabu sana likawa linadumu kiasi cha miaka kumi kumi. Miaka ya 1960 Young Noverty na Shabaab al Waatan, miaka ya 1970 [[Lucky Star Musical Club]] na [[Black Star Musical Club]], miaka ya 1980 [[Golden Star Taarab]] na [[White Star Taarab]], miaka ya 1990, [[Babloom Modern Taarab]] na [[Freedom Modern Taarab]]. Taarab ya Tanga ndo haswa inastahili kuitwa modern Taarab, kwani wao hawakufuata taarab ile iliyoletwa [[Zanzibar]] enzi ya [[Sultan Seyyid Barghash]], makundi la taarab ya Tanga yalikuwa madogo na vyombo vyake vilikuwa pamoja na Gitaa la besi, gitaa la solo, drums bongos, akodion au kinanda, nyimbo zao zilikuwa fupi na si ndefu kama za Kizanzibari. Nyimbo zilitegemea mipigo ya ngoma za asili za kumbwaya na chakacha na hata baadaye mitindo kama rumba, bossa nova ilitumika kama mapigo. Na Taarab ya Tanga ndio iliyoanzisha moto wa vikundi vya taarab Tanzania Bara. Moshi kulikuwa na New Alwatan, AzimioTaarab, na Blue Star Taarab, Arusha-Blue Star Taarab, Dodoma-Dodoma Stars, Kondoa –Blue Stars, Mbeya-Magereza Kiwira, Mwanza-Ujamaa Taarab, Bukoba wakiwa na Bukoba Stars, na muendelezo huu uliingia mpaka [[Burundi]] kutokana na mwanamuziki mmoja aliyejulikana kama Athmani Mkongo, alitoka Burundi na bendi yake kufika Tanga akawa mwanamuziki mahiri wa Taarab na hata kuipeleka kwao Burundi na kukaanzshwa huko vikundi kadhaa vya Taarab.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://wanamuzikiwatanzania.blogspot.com/2012/07/tanga-taarab-waanzilishi-halisi-wa.html |title=Taarab ya Tanga katika Blogu ya Anko Jay |accessdate=2016-10-16 |archivedate=2017-01-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111025810/http://wanamuzikiwatanzania.blogspot.com/2012/07/tanga-taarab-waanzilishi-halisi-wa.html }}</ref> ==Viungo vya nje== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080916165641/http://www.mwambao.com/audio.htm Mifano ya muziki ya taarabu (audio)] *[http://www.mwambao.com/tarab.htm Mwambao.com juu ya "tarabu"] * [http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~caforum/volume2/pdf/volumetwo.pdf Ntarangwi, Mwenda: A Socio-Historical and Contextual Analysis of Popular Musical Performance among the Swahili of Mombasa, Kenya; in: Cultural Analysis 2001, 2: 1-37, 2001 University of California] *[http://www.mcm.asso.fr/site02/music-w-islam/articles/Igobwa-2007.pdf Igobwa, Everett Shigenje: Taarab and Chakacha in East Africa, 2007] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mcm.asso.fr/site02/music-w-islam/articles/Igobwa-2007.pdf |date=20081123053818 }} *[http://zanzibar.net/zanzibar/music_and_culture/groups_atoz/music_jtoq Vikundi vya muziki vya Zanzibar] {{Wayback|url=http://zanzibar.net/zanzibar/music_and_culture/groups_atoz/music_jtoq |date=20080407230852 }} ==Bendi na waimbaji wa Taarab== [[Jahazi Modern Taarab‎]] ==Tanbihi== <references/> [[Jamii:Muziki wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Waswahili]] 6i117zr8h1t42bcky068mg5633rodvo 0 22045 1615562 1581347 2026-11-08T06:23:52Z Innocent Matekere 93687 Nimeogenzea maelezo ya ufafanuzi 1615562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{otheruses|Familia (maana)}} [[File:Basankusu - typical fired brick house.jpg|thumb|right|Familia pana ya baba, mama, watoto na ndugu wengine, [[Basankusu]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]].]] [[File:Coloured-family.jpg|thumb|right|[[Familia pana]] ya [[Chotara|machotara]] huko [[Cape Town]], [[Afrika Kusini]].]] [[File:Family by Edwina Sandys.JPG|thumb|[[Sanamu]] ya ''Familia'': wazazi na mtoto.]] [[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-A0808-0008-001, Berlin, Passanten.jpg|thumb|Mama na watoto, [[Berlin]], [[Ujerumani]], [[1962]].]] [[File:Wm. Riley Blankinship, miner, with his children. Koppers Coal Division, Kopperston Mine, Kopperston, Wyoming County... - NARA - 540984.jpg|thumb|Baba na watoto, Kopperston, [[Marekani]], [[1946]].]] '''Familia''' (kutoka neno la [[Kilatini]] "familia") ni kikundi cha [[watu]] wanaounganisha na undugu na kuishi pamoja kama [[baba]], [[mama]] na [[watoto]] na pegine shangazi, mjomba, babu, bibi, mpwa n.k. Kikundi hicho mara yingi ni sehemu ya [[kundi]] kubwa zaidi la [[ukoo]] unaounganisha watu wenye asili katika [[uzazi]] wa pamoja. Mara nyingi familia zikiungana zaidi ya moja ndio hutengeneza ukoo. [[Ukoo|Koo]] zikiunganishwa na kuwa nyingi hutengeneza [[kabila]]. == Aina za familia == Aina za familia zinatofautiana [[duniani]] kutokana na [[utamaduni]] na hali ya [[jamii]]. Katika nchi nyingi za [[Afrika]] familia ndogo ya baba, mama na watoto kwa kawaida ni sehemu tu ya familia kubwa zaidi pamoja na [[ndugu]] wa baba na mama, akina [[babu]] na [[bibi]] na kadhalika. Lakini hata Afrika kuna taratibu tofautitofauti kama ni ndugu wa baba au ndugu wa mama wanaotazamiwa kuwa karibu zaidi kwa watoto wa familia ndogo. Vilevile kuna tofauti kama [[muundo]] wa kawaida ni [[mume]] mmoja na mke mmoja au wake wengi na kila mmoja akiwa na watoto wake tena akiishi kuwaangalia na kuwazingatia katika malezi. Katika jamii za nchi zilizopita kwenye [[mapinduzi ya viwandani]] kama [[Ulaya]] na [[Marekani]] familia inamaanisha hasa familia ndogo inayokaa pamoja katika [[nyumba]] moja. Ukoo haujapotea lakini umuhimu wake umepungua sana na mara nyingi ni chaguo la watu ndani ya ukoo kama wanapenda kujumuika na ndugu zao au la. Katika [[mazingira]] ya [[Mji|miji]] mikubwa au pale ambako koo za kale zimeporomoka na kuachana kuna [[jumuiya]] ndogo sana kama mama na watoto ambao ni familia bila baba au [[mwanaume|wanaume]]. Aina hii ya familia yenye [[mzazi]] mmoja tu imepatikana pia kama familia ya baba na watoto kama utamaduni unamruhusu baba peke yake kulea watoto. Katika mazingira ya [[umaskini]], [[vita]] au mabadiliko ya haraka sana kuna pia watoto wengi wanaoishi kwa bibi au babu na hata hali hii ni aina ya familia. == Viungo vya nje == {{commons category|Families}} * [http://www.oecd.org/social/family/database Family database, OECD], * [http://www.unh.edu/frl/ Family Research Laboratory] {{Wayback|url=http://www.unh.edu/frl/ |date=20111126193730 }}, unh.edu * {{cite web |url=http://seres.fcs.ucr.ac.cr/index_archivos/Version%20inglesa%20Historical%20CharacterRev.pdf |title=Family evolution and contemporary social transformations |website=Seres.fcs.ucr.ac.cr |publisher=Estación de Economía Política |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029051417/http://seres.fcs.ucr.ac.cr/index_archivos/Version%20inglesa%20Historical%20CharacterRev.pdf |archivedate=2008-10-29}} * [http://www.familyfacts.org/ Family Facts: Social Science Research on Family, Society & Religion] {{Wayback|url=http://www.familyfacts.org/ |date=20170303020744 }} (a Heritage Foundation site). familyfacts.org * [http://www.familiesaustralia.org.au/ Families Australia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.familiesaustralia.org.au/ |date=20090613213043 }} – independent peak not-for-profit organisation. familiesaustralia.org.au * [http://www.familyplatform.eu/ FamilyPlatform] – A consortium of 12 organisations providing input into the European Union's Socio-Economic and Humanities Research Agenda on Family Research and Family Policies. * [http://www.unitedfamilies.org/ Unitedfamilies.org], International organisation * [https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/family UN.org], Families and Development * [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/family/documents/rc_pc_family_doc_20001109_de-facto-unions_en.html Family, marriage and "de facto" unions], Vatican.va * [https://www.jw.org/sw/machapisho/vitabu/furaha-familia/ Unaweza Kuwa na Familia Yenye Furaha] * [https://www.jw.org/sw/machapisho/magazeti/amkeni-na2-2018-jul-ago/ Siri 12 za Mafanikio Katika Familia] {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Jamii]] [[Jamii:Jinsia]] [[Jamii:Familia]] [[Jamii:Elimu jamii]] d74mpqbjp7pgaygir8wxcimjcm6iau7 0 27839 1615440 1214275 2026-11-07T22:25:05Z Tbm 44189 1615440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Tuzo 2 | jina = Tuzo ya Golden Globe | picha = Golden Globe Awards signs.jpg | ukubwawapicha = 200px | maelezo ya picha = Alama za Tuzo ya Golden Globe | maelezo = Ubora katika [[filamu]] [[televisheni]] | hutolewa na = [[:en:Hollywood Foreign Press Association|HFPA]] | nchi = [[Marekani]] | mwaka = 1944 | tovuti = http://www.hfpa.org/ }} '''Golden Globe Awards''' au '''Tuzo za Golden Globe''' ni [[tuzo]] ambazo hutolewa kila mwaka na Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) kwa kutambulisha kazi zilizofanya vizuri katika kipindi cha mwaka mzima hasa katika suala zima la burudani, iwe nchini [[Marekani]] na nchi za kigeni, na kuchukua mawazo zaidi ya watu hasa katika kuelezea kipi kilifanywa vizuri katika filamu na vipindi vya televisheni. Kipindi hiki hutaka kufanana kabisa na kile cha [[Academy Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.goldenglobes.org/about/index.html|title= About the HFPA|accessdate= 2008-11-02|work= www.goldenglobes.org|publisher= HFPA|date= |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20111103221554/http://www.goldenglobes.org/about/index.html|archivedate= 2011-11-03}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.hfpa.org/ Hollywood Foreign Press Association] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hfpa.org/ |date=20131213091353 }} * [http://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Golden_Globes_USA/ Awards listing] {{Wayback|url=http://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Golden_Globes_USA/ |date=20100411022801 }} at the [[Internet Movie Database]] {{mbegu-filamu}} [[Jamii:Tuzo za Golden Globe]] [[Jamii:Tuzo]] mcif8bbe8bk38vuca63f9acy2f7h0ha 0 28899 1615358 1546719 2026-11-07T17:00:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615358 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha: Eskişehir_city_collage.png|thumb|Mkoa wa Eskişehir]] {{Infobox Province TR |jina=Eskişehir |kanda=Anatolia ya Kati |idadi ya wakazi = 741,739 (2008) |eneo= 13,652 |leseni = 26 |kodi_ya_eneo= 222 |jinalatrk= Eskişehir |}} '''Eskişehir''' (inatafsiriwa kama: ''mji wa kale'') ni jina la [[Mikoa ya Uturuki|mkoa]] uliopo mjini kaskazini-magharibi mwa nchi ya [[Uturuki]]. Mikoa inayopatikana na mkoa huu ni pamoja na [[Mkoa wa Bilecik|Bilecik]] kwa upande wa kaskazini-magharibi, [[Mkoa wa Kütahya|Kütahya]] kwa upande wa magharibi, [[Mkoa wa Afyon|Afyon]] kwa upande wa kusini-magharibi, [[Mkoa wa Konya|Konya]] kwa upande wa kusini, [[Mkoa wa Ankara|Ankara]] kwa upande wa mashariki, na [[Mkoa wa Bolu|Bolu]] kwa upande kaskazini. Mji mkuu wake ni [[Eskişehir]]. == Wilaya za mkoani hapa == Mkoa wa Eskişehir umegawanyika katika wilaya 14: * [[Alpu]] * [[Beylikova]] * [[Çifteler]] * [[Odunpazarı]] * [[Tepebaşı]] * [[Günyüzü]] * [[Han]] * [[İnönü]] * [[Mahmudiye]] * [[Mihalgazi]] * [[Mihalıççık]] * [[Sarıcakaya]] * [[Seyitgazi]] * [[Sivrihisar]] == Viungo vya Nje == * {{en icon}} [http://www.anadolu.edu.tr/eindex.htm Anadolu University in Eskişehir] {{Wayback|url=http://www.anadolu.edu.tr/eindex.htm |date=20070225035146 }} * {{en icon}} [http://www.ogu.edu.tr/en/ Eskişehir Osmangazi University] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ogu.edu.tr/en/ |date=20101122155540 }} * {{en icon}} [http://www.turkeyforecast.com/weather/eskisehir/ Eskişehir Weather Forecast] {{Wayback|url=http://www.turkeyforecast.com/weather/eskisehir/ |date=20081207213642 }} * [http://www.eskisehir.gov.tr Eskişehir Valiliği] * [http://www.eskisehir-bld.gov.tr Eskişehir Büyükşehir Belediyesi] * [http://www.eskisehir.pol.tr Eskişehir Emniyet Müdürlüğü] * [http://www.eskisehirbarosu.org.tr Eskişehir Barosu] * [http://www.eosb.org.tr Eskişehir Organize Sanayi Bölgesi] * [http://www.eskisehireo.org.tr 9. Bölge Eskişehir Eczacı Odası] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eskisehireo.org.tr/ |date=20090415160623 }} * [http://eskisehir.mmo.org.tr MMO Eskişehir Şubesi] {{Wayback|url=http://eskisehir.mmo.org.tr/ |date=20170208204445 }} * [https://gezily.com/eskisehir-gezilecek-yerler Eskişehir Gezilecek Yerler] {{Wayback|url=https://gezily.com/eskisehir-gezilecek-yerler |date=20210305215659 }} * [http://www.eskisehirozelidare.gov.tr Eskişehir İl Özel İdaresi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eskisehirozelidare.gov.tr/ |date=20160303194940 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081219150625/http://senfoni.eskisehir.bel.tr/ Eskişehir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Senfoni Orkestrası Information] {{Districts of Turkey|provname=Eskişehir|image=Eskisehir|sortkey=Eskis}} {{mbegu-jio-Uturuki}} b2k5e309byulhtit105c9tf15hxe04t 0 28914 1615510 1606194 2026-11-08T02:03:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Msanii muziki 2 |Jina = Rihanna |Img = Rihanna Fenty 2018.png |Img_capt = Rihanna, mnamo 2018 |Background = solo_singer |Jina la kuzaliwa = Robyn Rihanna Fenty |Amezaliwa = {{birth date and age|1988|2|20|df=yes}} |Asili yake = [[Saint Michael, Barbados|Saint Michael]], [[Barbados]] |Aina = [[R&B]], [[reggae]] |Kazi yake = Mwimbaji, [[Mwanamitindo]] |Miaka ya kazi = 2005–hadi leo |Studio = [[Def Jam Recordings]] |Ameshirikiana na = |Tovuti = [http://www.rihannanow.com www.rihannanow.com] }} '''Robyn Rihanna Fenty''' (anafahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la [[jina la kisanii|kisanii]] kama '''Rihanna''' tu; alizaliwa [[Saint Michael, Barbados]], [[20 Februari]] [[1988]]) ni [[msanii]] wa [[mwimbaji]] wa [[muziki]] wa R&B na pop kutoka nchini [[Barbados]]. ==Maisha== Alizaliwa mjini na kisha baadaye akaelekea zake nchini [[Marekani]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 16 ili kujiendeleza zaidi katika shughuli zake za kirekodi akiwa chini ya uongozi wa mtayarishaji wa rekodi Bw. Evan Rogers. Baadaye akaja kuingia mkataba na studio ya [[Def Jam Recordings]] baada ya kusailiwa na kiongozi wa studio hiyo Bw. [[Jay-Z]].<ref name="Jay-Zpicks">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/yhif/jayz_picks/ |title=Jay-Z's Picks: Teairra Mari, Rihanna and Ne-Yo |last1=Reid |first1=Shaheem |last2=Paco |first2=Matt |date= |work=[[MTV News]] |accessdate=2009-06-06 |archivedate=2013-10-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005081430/http://www.mtv.com/news/yhif/jayz_picks/ }}</ref> == Diskografia == ===Albamu=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya albamu, pamoja na nafasi zilizoshika, mauzo na matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:11em;"| Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:20em;"| Maelezo ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi iliyoshika katika nchi tofauti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:11em;"| Mauzo ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Matunukio |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Australia<br /><ref name="AUS">{{cite web | url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | title=Discography Rihanna | work=australian-charts.com | accessdate=April 13, 2011}} * "Needed Me": {{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-pink-tops-chart-but-prince-dominates-20160430|title=ARIA Singles: Pink Tops Chart But Prince Dominates|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=April 30, 2016|accessdate=April 30, 2016}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ubelgiji<br /><ref name="BEL (FL)">{{cite web | url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | title=Discografie Rihanna | work=ultratop.be | accessdate=October 9, 2011 | language=Dutch}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Canada<br /><ref name="CAN-albums">{{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rihanna/chart-history/canadian-albums | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Canadian Albums | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]| accessdate=September 9, 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ufaransa<br /><ref name="FRA">{{cite web | url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | title=Discographie Rihanna | work=lescharts.com | accessdate=February 14, 2009 | language=French}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ujerumani<br /><ref name="GER-albums">{{cite web | title=Chartverfolgung / Rihanna / Longplay | url=http://www.musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Rihanna/?type=longplay | work=musicline.de | accessdate=November 27, 2010 | language=German | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6H7tD0k9b?url=http://www.musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Rihanna/?type=longplay | archive-date=June 4, 2013 | dead-url=yes | archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6H7tD0k9b?url=http://www.musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Rihanna/?type=longplay | archivedate=2013-06-04 }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ireland<br /><ref name="IRL">{{cite web | url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | title=Discography Rihanna | work=irish-charts.com | accessdate=April 30, 2011 | archive-date=2012-10-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020155738/http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | url-status=dead }} * "Work": http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p/musicvideo/music/latest/index_test.jsp&ct=240001 {{Wayback|url=http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Flatest%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240001 |date=20190716170026 }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| New Zealand<br /><ref name="NZ">{{cite web | url=http://charts.org.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | title=Discography Rihanna | work=charts.org.nz | accessdate=April 30, 2011 | archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6CMj44EUv?url=http://charts.org.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | archivedate=2012-11-22 | =https://www.webcitation.org/6CMj44EUv?url=http://charts.org.nz/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uswisi<br /><ref name="SWI">{{cite web | url=http://swisscharts.com/artist/Rihanna | title=Discographie Rihanna | work=swisscharts.com | accessdate=April 26, 2011 | format=select "Charts" tab | language=Swiss German}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uingereza<br /><ref name="UK-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/rihanna/ | title=Rihanna | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | format=select "Albums" tab}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Marekani<br /><ref name="US-albums">{{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rihanna/chart-history/billboard-200 | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Billboard 200 | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]| accessdate=September 9, 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Music of the Sun'' | * Ilitolewa: Agosti 12, 2005 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/music-of-the-sun/id79555792 | title=Music of the Sun by Rihanna | work=[[iTunes Store]] | accessdate=October 27, 2012 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507031535/http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/music-of-the-sun/id79555792 | archivedate=May 7, 2012 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam Recordings, SRP | — || — || 7 || 93 || 31 || 12 || 26 || 38 || 35 || 10 | * Uingereza: 148,660<ref name="Music Week sales">{{cite web|url=http://www.musicweek.com/analysis/read/official-albums-chart-analysis-rihanna-becomes-first-ever-caribbean-artist-with-4-no-1s/052679|title=Official Albums Chart Analysis: Rihanna becomes first-ever Caribbean artist with 4 No.1s|last=Jones|first=Alan|date=November 26, 2012|work=[[Music Week]]|accessdate=June 9, 2015}}</ref> * Marekani: 623,000<ref name="US Album Sales">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/6605708/ask-billboard-rihannas-best-selling-songs-albums |title=Ask Billboard: Rihanna's Best-Selling Songs & Albums |last=Trust |first=Gary |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=June 23, 2015 |accessdate=June 23, 2015}}</ref> * Duniani: 2,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/rihanna-201257|title=Rihanna - Biography - Singer|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|accessdate=April 22, 2015}}</ref> | * Marekani: Gold<ref name="RIAA">{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Rihanna|accessdate=January 27, 2016}}</ref> * Uingereza: Gold<ref name="BPI">{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|artist=Rihanna|accessdate=January 27, 2016}}</ref> * Canada: Platinum<ref name="MC">{{cite certification | region=Canada | artist=Rihanna | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * New Zealand: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79&Itemid=62 |title=Lates Gold / Platinum Albums |publisher=Radioscope New Zealand |accessdate=March 18, 2015 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724195817/http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79&Itemid=62 |archivedate=July 24, 2011 }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''A Girl like Me'' | * Ilitolewa: Aprili 11, 2006 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/a-girl-like-me/id171762971 | title=A Girl Like Me by Rihanna | work=[[iTunes Store]] | accessdate=October 27, 2012 | archive-date=2012-09-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120909030446/http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/a-girl-like-me/id171762971 | url-status=dead}}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam, SRP | 9 || 10 || 1 || 18 || 13 || 5 || 7 || 6 || 5 || 5 | * Uingerezs: 667,672 * Marekani: 1,400,000 * Duniani: 4,000,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Rihanna ticket fever gathers pace in SA|url=http://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/rihanna-ticket-fever-gathers-pace-in-sa/|accessdate=10 July 2015|date=August 7, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016003714/http://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/rihanna-ticket-fever-gathers-pace-in-sa|archivedate=October 16, 2015}}</ref> | * Marekani: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * Australia: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2006-albums">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ARIACharts-Accreditations-2006Albums.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2006 Albums |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=February 14, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mqktlAD6?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ARIACharts-Accreditations-2006Albums.htm |archivedate=January 17, 2010 }}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * Ujerumani: Gold<ref name="BVMI">{{cite web | url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=suche&strTitel=&strInterpret=Rihanna&strTtArt=alle&strAwards=checked | title=Gold–/Platin-Datenbank (Rihanna) | publisher=[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie]] | accessdate=April 19, 2011 | language=German}}</ref> * [[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry|IFPI]]: Platinum<ref name="IFPI2007"/> * Ireland: 2× Platinum<ref name="IRMA-2006-multi-platinum-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum06.htm | title=2006 Certification Awards – Multi Platinum | publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] | accessdate=December 20, 2010 | archive-date=2014-08-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819114216/http://irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum06.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=1396|title=RIANZ Top 40 Albums > 18 September 2006|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|accessdate=2016-04-23|archive-date=2016-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009131445/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=1396|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Good Girl Gone Bad'' | * Ilitolewa: Juni 5, 2007 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.amazon.com/Good-Girl-Gone-Bad-Rihanna/dp/B000OZ2CZW | title=Rihanna: Good Girl Gone Bad | work=[[Amazon.com]] | accessdate=October 27, 2012}}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam, SRP | 2 || 9 || 1 || 8 || 4 || 1 || 4 || 1 || 1 || 2 | * Uingereza: 1,904,347 * Marekani: 2,800,000 * Duniani: 9,000,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/rihanna-celebrates-the-tenth-anniversary-of-her-breakthrough-album-good-girl-gone-bad-im-forever-grateful__19308/|title=Rihanna celebrates the tenth anniversary of her breakthrough album Good Girl Gone Bad: 'I'm forever grateful'|publisher=Official Charts Company|last=Copsey|first=Rob|date=June 1, 2017|accessdate=June 1, 2017}}</ref> | * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/AlbumAccreds2015.htm | title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2015 Albums | publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] | accessdate=November 7, 2015}}</ref> * BEA: 2× Platinum<ref name="BEA-2010">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2010 | accessdate=January 13, 2013}}</ref> * BPI: 6× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI: 3× Platinum<ref name="IFPI2007">{{cite web|url=http://ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2007.html |title=IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2007 |publisher=[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]] |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127154333/http://ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2007.html |archivedate=November 27, 2013 }}</ref> * IFPI SWI: 3× Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI">{{cite web | url=http://www.swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Rihanna | title=The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Rihanna) | work=swisscharts.com | accessdate=April 19, 2011 | language=Swiss German}}</ref> * IRMA: 3× Platinum<ref name="IRMA-2007-multi-platinum-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum07.htm | title=2007 Certification Awards – Multi Platinum | publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] | accessdate=December 20, 2010 | archive-date=2025-07-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250707142727/http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum07.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> * MC: 5× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=63 | title=Latest Gold / Platinum Albums | publisher=Radioscope | accessdate=July 12, 2012 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724195817/http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79&Itemid=62 | archivedate=July 24, 2011}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="snepalbum">{{cite web | url=http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=0&awards_awd=0&awards_year=0&awards_artist=Rihanna&awards_title=&awards_edit_distrib=&awards_sort=date_certif-desc&awards_nb=30&submitAdvanced=Rechercher | title=Rihanna - Les Certifications | publisher=[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique]] | language=French | accessdate=March 30, 2016 | archivedate=2016-10-09 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009172938/http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=0&awards_awd=0&awards_year=0&awards_artist=Rihanna&awards_title=&awards_edit_distrib=&awards_sort=date_certif-desc&awards_nb=30&submitAdvanced=Rechercher }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Rated R'' | * Ilitolewa: Novemba 23, 2009 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/rated-r/id34034000 | title=Rated R by Rihanna | work=iTunes Store | accessdate=October 27, 2012 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111183626/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/rated-r/id34034000 | archivedate=November 11, 2013}}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam, SRP | 12 || 16 || 5 || 10 || 4 || 7 || 14 || 1 || 9 || 4 | * Uingereza: 701,298 * Marekani: 1,130,000 * Duniani: 3,000,000.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/weekly-us-music-releases-rihannas-loud-springsteens-promise-and-kid-rock-2134790.html|title=Weekly US music releases: Rihanna's 'Loud,' Springsteen's 'Promise,' and Kid Rock – Music, Arts & Entertainment|publisher=[[Relaxnews]]|date=November 15, 2010|accessdate=November 2, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005065224/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/weekly-us-music-releases-rihannas-loud-springsteens-promise-and-kid-rock-2134790.html|archivedate=October 5, 2013}}</ref>}} | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2010-albums">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accreditations-2010Albums.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2010 Albums |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=January 19, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64wvH6tgx?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accreditations-2010Albums.htm |archivedate=January 25, 2012 }}</ref> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2011">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2011 | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI: Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2010.html | title=IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2010 | publisher=[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]] | accessdate=January 2, 2013 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102114825/http://ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2010.html | archivedate=2013-11-02 }}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * IRMA: Platinum<ref name="IRMA-2009-platinum-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/platinum09.htm | title=2009 Certification Awards – Platinum | publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] | accessdate=December 20, 2010 | archive-date=2018-07-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711233555/http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/platinum09.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> * MC: Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * SNEP: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snepmusique.com/fr/pag-259165-CERTIFICATIONS.html?year=2010&type=12 |title=Certifications Albums Platine – année 2010 |publisher=[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique]] |language=French |accessdate=October 29, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104220449/http://www.snepmusique.com/fr/pag-259165-CERTIFICATIONS.html?year=2010&type=12 |archivedate=November 4, 2013 |df= }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Loud'' | * Ilitolewa: Novemba 16, 2010 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00428ZRFE | title=Rihanna: Loud | work=[[Amazon.com]] | accessdate=October 27, 2012}}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam, SRP | 2 || 3 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 4 || 1 || 1 || 3 | * Ufaransa: 355,000 * Uingereza: 1,950,864<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musicweek.com/news/read/official-charts-analysis-bowie-secures-consecutive-no-1-albums/064043|title=Official Charts Analysis: Bowie scores consecutive No.1 albums|last=Jones|first=Alan|date=February 5, 2016|work=[[Music Week]]|accessdate=February 16, 2016|subscription=yes}}</ref> * Marekani: 1,800,000 * Duniani: 8,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.craveonline.com/music/articles/177767-rihanna-reveals-new-album-tracklist-jay-z-collab|title=Rihanna Drops ‘Talk That Talk’ Tracklist, Jay-Z Collab|work=CraveOnline|accessdate=June 9, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610181606/http://www.craveonline.com/music/articles/177767-rihanna-reveals-new-album-tracklist-jay-z-collab|archivedate=2015-06-10}}</ref> | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-albums" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: 6× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI: 3× Platinum<ref name="IFPI2011">{{cite web | url=http://ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2011.html | title=IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2011 | publisher=[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]] | accessdate=January 2, 2013 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014110104/http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2011.html | archivedate=2013-10-14 }}</ref> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * IRMA: 5× Platinum<ref name="IRMA-2010-multi-platinum-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum10.htm | title=2010 Certification Awards – Multi Platinum | publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] | accessdate=September 5, 2011 | archive-date=2014-08-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819122036/http://irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum10.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope albums"/> |- ! scope="row"| ''Talk That Talk'' | * Ilitolewa: Novemba 21, 2011 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/news/rihanna/333156-rihanna-we-found-love-calvin-harris-premiere | title=Rihanna's 'We Found Love' Gets First Radio Play | work=[[MTV]] | date=September 22, 2011 | accessdate=September 22, 2011 | archivedate=2011-12-27 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227073612/http://www.mtv.co.uk/news/rihanna/333156-rihanna-we-found-love-calvin-harris-premiere }}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam, SRP | 5 || 3 || 3 || 2 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 | * Ufaransa: 200,000 * Uingereza: 1,000,000<ref name=May2013Sales>{{cite web | url=http://www.chartsinfrance.net/Rihanna/news-85070.html | title=Rihanna : l'album 'Unapologetic' frôle les 3 millions de ventes en six mois | publisher=Charts in France | date=May 16, 2013 | accessdate=May 16, 2013 | language=French}}</ref> * Marekani: 1,150,000 * Duniani: 5,500,000<ref>{{cite news|title=This Just In...From CBS Entertainment: Grammy® Award-winning And Nominated Artists Rihanna, Justin Bieber And Bruno Mars To Perform On "THE VICTORIA'S SECRET FASHION SHOW," Tuesday, Dec. 4 On The CBS Television Network|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/this-just-infrom-cbs-entertainment-grammy-award-winning-and-nominated-artists-rihanna-justin-bieber-and-bruno-mars-to-perform-on-the-victorias-secret-fashion-show-tuesday-dec-4-on-the-cbs-television-network-172484881.html|accessdate=10 July 2015|date=October 3, 2012}}</ref> | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2012-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesALBUMaccreds2012.html | title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2012 Albums | publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] | accessdate=October 26, 2012}}</ref> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: 3× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI: Platinum<ref name="IFPI2011"/> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * IRMA: 3× Platinum<ref name="IRMA-2011-multi-platinum-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum11.htm | title=2011 Certification Awards – Multi Platinum | publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] | accessdate=October 26, 2012 | archive-date=2014-08-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819094149/http://irishcharts.ie/awards/multi_platinum11.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=1825 | title=NZ Top 40 Albums Chart – 23 January 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=November 19, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306020152/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=1825 | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Unapologetic'' | * Ilitolewa: Novemba 19, 2012 {{small|(Marekani)}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.amazon.com/Unapologetic-Rihanna/dp/B009R9WAZ8 | title=Rihanna: Unapologetic | work=[[Amazon.com]] | accessdate=November 23, 2012}}</ref> * Lebo: Def Jam, SRP | 8 || 2 || 1 || 3 || 3 || 1 || 5 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * Ufaransa: 240,000 * Uingereza: 635,000 * Marekani: 1,200,000 * Duniani: 4,000,000.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/rihanna-shocks-fans-announcement-new-single-article-1.2162428|title=Rihanna shocks fans with announcement of new single: ‘B---h Better Have My Money’|work=[[New York Daily News]]|last=Vanmetre|first=Elizabeth|date=March 25, 2015|accessdate=March 26, 2015}}</ref> | * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2013-albums">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-albums-2013.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2013 Albums |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=November 11, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140205035615/http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-albums-2013.htm |archivedate=February 5, 2014 }}</ref> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2012">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2012 | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IRMA: 2× Platinum<ref name="IRMA-2012-platinum-albums">{{cite web | url=http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/platinum12.htm | title=2013 Certification Awards – Platinum | publisher=[[Irish Recorded Music Association]] | accessdate=March 15, 2013 | archive-date=2013-10-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017013204/http://www.irishcharts.ie/awards/platinum12.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * MC: Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=2103 | title=NZ Top 40 Albums Chart – 17 December 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=December 27, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305012109/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=2103 | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Anti'' | * Ilitolewa: Januari 28, 2016 * Lebo: Westbury Road, [[Roc Nation]] | 5 || 8 || 1 || 6 || 3 || 2 || 5 || 2 || 7 || 1 | *Marekani: 603,000 * Duniani: 1,100,000<ref name="WW sales">{{cite book|url=http://www.anuariossgae.com/anuario2017/anuariopdfs/04_MGRABADA.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924231354/http://www.anuariossgae.com/anuario2017/anuariopdfs/04_MGRABADA.pdf |dead-url=no |archive-date=24 September 2017 |title=Anuario SGAE 2016 (Musica Grabada) |work=[[Sociedad General de Autores y Editores|SGAE]]|date=24 September 2017 |accessdate=24 September 2017 |df= |language=Spanish|page=29}}</ref> | *RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> *BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> *MC: Gold<ref name="MC"/> *SNEP: Platinum<ref name="snepalbum"/> |} ===Nyimbɒ=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo, pamoja na nafasi zinazoshika, na albamu yake. ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:19em;"| Nyimbo ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi iliyoshika katika nchi tofauti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Australia<br /><ref name="AUS-singles">Peak chart positions for singles in Australia: * All except noted: {{cite web | url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Rihanna | title=Discography Rihanna | work=australian-charts.com | accessdate=April 13, 2011 }} * "Hard": {{cite web | title=The ARIA Report: Issue 1038 (Week Commencing 18 January 2010) | url=http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20100205-0000/issue1038.pdf | publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] | accessdate=November 29, 2010 | page=4 | format=PDF }} * "Wait Your Turn": {{cite web | title=The ARIA Report: Issue 1032 (Week Commencing 7 December 2009) | url=http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20100105-0000/issue1032.pdf | publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association | accessdate=November 21, 2010 | page=2 | format=PDF }} * "American Oxygen": {{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-wiz-khalifa-and-charlie-puth-spend-third-week-on-top-music-news-20150425|title=ARIA Singles: Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth Spend Third Week On Top|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=April 25, 2015|accessdate=April 25, 2015}} * "Nothing Is Promised": {{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/music-news-aria-singles-drake-returns-to-no-1-20160618|title=ARIA Singles: Drake Returns to No 1|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=June 18, 2016|accessdate=June 18, 2016}} * "Sledgehammer": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/07/chart-watch-376/|title=CHART WATCH #376|publisher=auspOp|date=July 9, 2016|accessdate=July 9, 2016|archivedate=2016-08-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822090454/https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/07/chart-watch-376/}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ubelgiji<br /><ref name="BEL (FL)"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Canada<br /><ref name="CAN-singles">Peak chart positions for singles in Canada: * All except "Pon de Replay", "SOS", "Unfaithful" and "Break It Off": {{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rihanna/chart-history/canadian-hot-100 | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Billboard Canadian Hot 100 | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]| accessdate=March 31, 2018}} * "Pon de Replay", "SOS", "Unfaithful" and "Break It Off": {{cite web | url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/rihanna-mn0000367188/awards | title=Rihanna – Awards (Billboard Singles) | publisher=[[AllMusic]]| accessdate=October 29, 2012}} * "Just Stand Up!": {{cite web | url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/canadian-hot-100/2008-09-20 | title=Billboard Canadian Hot 100: September 20, 2008 | work=Billboard | accessdate=October 29, 2012}} * "All of the Lights": {{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/kanye-west/chart-history/canadian-hot-100 | title=Kanye West – Chart History: Billboard Canadian Hot 100 | work=Billboard | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ufaransa<br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ujerumani<br /><ref name="GER-singles">Peak chart positions for singles in Germany: * All except "Princess of China" and "Stay": {{cite web | title=Chartverfolgung / Rihanna / Single | url=http://www.musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Rihanna/?type=single | work=musicline.de | accessdate=November 27, 2010 | language=German | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126045750/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Rihanna/?type=single | archive-date=November 26, 2010 | dead-url=yes | df=mdy-all | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126045750/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Rihanna/?type=single | archivedate=2010-11-26 }} * "Princess of China" and "Stay": {{cite web | title=Rihanna (Singles) | url=http://www.officialcharts.de/suche.asp?search=Rihanna&x=6&y=7&country=de&kategorie=single | work=charts.de | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | language=German }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ireland<br /><ref name="IRL"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| New Zealand<br /><ref name="NZ"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uswisi<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uingereza<br /><ref name="UK-singles">Peak chart positions for singles in the United Kingdom: * All except "Raining Men", "Pour It Up", "Loveeeeeee Song", "Jump" and "Selfish": {{cite web | url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/rihanna/ | title=Rihanna | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110205413/http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/rihanna | archivedate=January 10, 2011 | df=mdy-all }} * "Pour It Up": {{cite web | url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/130406cluk.txt | title=Chart Log UK: New Entries Update – 6.04.2013 (wk13) | work=zobbel.de | accessdate=April 7, 2013 | author=Zywietz, Tobias }} * "Raining Men": {{cite web | url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK_R.HTM | title=Chart Log UK: The Rabble Army – RZA | publisher=Zobbel.de | accessdate=October 20, 2011 | author=Zywietz, Tobias }} * "Loveeeeeee Song" and "Jump": {{cite web | title=Chart Log UK – 2012 + Weekly Updates + Sales 2012 | url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK2012.HTM | publisher=Zobbel.de | accessdate=February 10, 2013 | author=Zywietz, Tobias }} * "Selfish": {{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20170303|title=Official Singles Chart Top 100|publisher=Official Charts Company|date=March 3, 2017|accessdate=May 6, 2017}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Marekani<br /><ref name="US-singles">Peak chart positions for singles in the United States: * All except noted: {{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rihanna/chart-history/hot-100 | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Hot 100 | work=Billboard | accessdate=March 31, 2018}} * "Just Stand Up!": {{cite web | url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/2008-09-20 | title=The Hot 100: September 20, 2008 (Biggest Jump) | work=Billboard | accessdate=October 29, 2012}} * "All of the Lights": {{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/kanye-west/chart-history/hot-100 | title=Kanye West – Chart History: Hot 100 | work=Billboard | accessdate=March 31, 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Pon de Replay" | rowspan="2"| 2005 | 6 || 5 || 3 || 18 || 6 || 2 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 2 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2006-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ariacharts-accreditations-2006singles.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2006 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=February 28, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64wvT6oq3?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ARIACharts-Accreditations-2006Singles.htm |archivedate=January 25, 2012 |df= }}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles">{{cite web | url=http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=63 | title=Latest Gold / Platinum Singles | publisher=Radioscope | accessdate=May 11, 2012 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724195729/http://www.radioscope.net.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=77&Itemid=63 | archivedate=July 24, 2011}}</ref> | rowspan="2"| ''Music of the Sun'' |- ! scope="row"| "If It's Lovin' that You Want" | 9 || 25 || — || — || 25 || 8 || 9 || 19 || 11 || 36 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "SOS" | rowspan="4"| 2006 | 1 || 2 || 1 || 12 || 2 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 2 || 1 | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/SingleAccreds2015.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2015 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=November 6, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6cs31nd5c?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/SingleAccreds2015.htm |archivedate=November 7, 2015 }}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="4"| ''A Girl like Me'' |- ! scope="row"| "Unfaithful" | 2 || 3 || 1 || 7 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 1 || 2 || 6 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA-2007-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesariacharts-accreditations-2007singles.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2007 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=February 28, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112121943/http://aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accreditations-2007Singles.htm |archivedate=January 12, 2011 }}</ref> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2007">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2007 | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "We Ride" | 24 || 40 || — || — || 45 || 17 || 8 || 42 || 17 || —<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles">{{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Bubbling Under Hot 100 | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | accessdate=September 1, 2013 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums | archivedate=2010-12-10 | url-status=dead}}</ref> | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Break It Off"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Sean Paul]])}} | — || 60 || 19 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 9 | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Umbrella"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Jay Z|Jay-Z]])}} | rowspan="4"| 2007 | 1 || 1 || 1 || 6 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: 5× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2007"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | rowspan="4"| ''Good Girl Gone Bad'' |- ! scope="row"| "Shut Up and Drive" | 4 || 9 || 6 || 3 || 6 || 5 || 12 || 14 || 5 || 15 | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Hate That I Love You"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Ne-Yo]])}} | 14 || 23 || 17 || 16 || 11 || 13 || 6 || 13 || 15 || 7 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Stop the Music" | 1 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 6 || 3 || 1 || 4 || 3 | * ARIA: 5× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2008">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2008 | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Take a Bow" | rowspan="3"| 2008 | 3 || 13 || 1 || 12 || 6 || 1 || 2 || 7 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | rowspan="2"| ''Good Girl Gone Bad:<br>Reloaded'' |- ! scope="row"| "Disturbia" | 6 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 5 || 4 || 1 || 4 || 3 || 1 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2009">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2009 | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Rehab" | 26 || 64 || 19 || 30 || 4 || 22 || 12 || 13 || 16 || 18 | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | ''Good Girl Gone Bad'' |- ! scope="row"| "Russian Roulette" | rowspan="3"| 2009 | 7 || 5 || 9 || 4 || 2 || 5 || 9 || 1 || 2 || 9 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | rowspan="6"| ''Rated R'' |- ! scope="row"| "Hard"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Jeezy]])}} | 51 || — || 9 || — || — || 33 || 15 || — || 42 || 8 | * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Wait Your Turn" | 82 || — || — || — || — || 32 || — || — || 45 || — |- ! scope="row"| "Rude Boy" | rowspan="6"| 2010 | 1 || 3 || 7 || 8 || 4 || 3 || 3 || 5 || 2 || 1 | * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Rockstar 101"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Slash (musician)|Slash]])}} | 24 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 64 | * RIAA: Platinum |- ! scope="row"| "Te Amo" | 22 || 10 || 66 || 17 || 11 || 16 || — || 9 || 14 || — | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Only Girl (In the World)" | 1 || 2 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: 7× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | rowspan="7"| ''Loud'' |- ! scope="row"| "What's My Name?"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])}} | 18 || 28 || 5 || 16 || 12 || 3 || 3 || 13 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2011-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.auSINGLEaccreds2011.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2011 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=November 27, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515024609/http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.auSINGLEaccreds2011.htm |archivedate=May 15, 2011 }}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Raining Men"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Nicki Minaj]])}} | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 142 || — | |- ! scope="row"| "S&M"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Britney Spears]])}} | rowspan="6"| 2011 | 1 || 3 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 3 || 2 || 2 || 3 || 1 | * ARIA: 6× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2013">{{cite certification | region=Belgium | certyear=2013 | accessdate=February 18, 2013}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "California King Bed" | 4 || 9 || 20 || 30 || 8 || 11 || 4 || 10 || 8 || 37 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2011-singles"/> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Man Down" | — || 3 || 63 || 1 || — || — || — || 9 || 54 || 59 | * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Cheers (Drink to That)" | 6 || 62 || 6 || 64 || 26 || 16 || 5 || 66 || 15 || 7 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://rianz.org.nz/rianz/oldchart.asp?chartNum=1796&chartKind=S | title=Top 40 Singles Chart – Chart #1796 – Issue Date: 24 October 2011 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=November 5, 2012 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104213843/http://rianz.org.nz/rianz/oldchart.asp?chartNum=1796&chartKind=S | archivedate=November 4, 2013 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "We Found Love"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])}} | 2 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: 8× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 9× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1805 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 16 January 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316005303/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1805 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | rowspan="3"| ''Talk That Talk'' |- ! scope="row"| "You da One" | 26 || 50 || 12 || 23 || 30 || 12 || 10 || 36 || 16 || 14 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2012-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesSINGLEaccreds2012.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2012 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=October 29, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6JdeigGMv?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesSINGLEaccreds2012.htm |archivedate=September 15, 2013 }}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1792 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 09 January 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=June 11, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304183241/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1792 | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Talk That Talk"<br />{{small|(pamoja na Jay-Z)}} | rowspan="6"| 2012 | 28 || — || 30 || 24 || 63 || 22 || 37 || 11 || 25 || 31 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA-2012-singles"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Princess of China"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Coldplay]])}} | 16 || 20 || 17 || 24 || 41 || 5 || 8 || 20 || 4 || 20 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2012-singles"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1953 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 16 July 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=June 11, 2012 | archive-date=2015-09-24 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100141/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1953 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | ''[[Mylo Xyloto]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "Birthday Cake" {{small|(Remix)<br />(pamoja na [[Chris Brown]])}} | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 24 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> | rowspan="3"| ''Talk That Talk'' |- ! scope="row"| "Where Have You Been" | 6 || 9 || 5 || 2 || 17 || 8 || 4 || 15 || 6 || 5 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2012"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1942 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 11 June 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305165055/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1942 | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Cockiness (Love It)" {{small|(Remix)<br />(pamoja na [[ASAP Rocky]])}} | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —{{efn|"Cockiness (Love It) Remix" did not enter the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, but peaked at number two on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.<ref name="US-Bubbling-singles"/>}} | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Diamonds" | 6 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: 6× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2013"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 5× Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2099 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 26 November 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=November 26, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306025114/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2099 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | rowspan="7"|''Unapologetic'' |- ! scope="row"| "Stay"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Mikky Ekko]])}} | rowspan="5"| 2013 | 4 || 3 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 2 || 4 || 3 | * ARIA: 5× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2014-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2014.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2014 Singles |publisher=ARIA |accessdate=January 26, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6QbWDqX3X?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2014.htm |archivedate=June 25, 2014 }}</ref> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2013"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 7× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2195 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 28 January 2013 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=January 28, 2012 | archive-date=2013-11-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201025/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2195 | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Pour It Up" | — || — || 49 || 92 || — || 56 || — || — || 43 || 19 | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Loveeeeeee Song"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Future (rapper)|Future]])}} | — || — || — || 110 || — || — || — || — || 105 || 55 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Right Now"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[David Guetta]])}} | 39 || 34 || 32 || 31 || 43 || 52 || 54 || 32 || 36 || 50 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * RIAA: Gold<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "What Now" | 21 || — || 27 || 52 || 49 || 21 || 13 || 46 || 21 || 25 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2013-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2013.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2013 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=February 18, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6GSMovwHm?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2013.htm |archivedate=May 8, 2013 }}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Jump" | 2014 | 5 || — || — || 153 || — || — || 10 || — || 150 || — | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2014-singles"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2471|title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart - The Official New Zealand Music Chart|work=THE OFFICIAL NZ MUSIC CHART|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001706/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2471|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "FourFiveSeconds"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Kanye West]] & [[Paul McCartney]])}} | rowspan="4" | 2015 | 1 || 5 || 3 || 2 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 3 || 4 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2016"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|artist=Rihanna, Kanye West & Paul McCartney|title=FourFiveSeconds|type=single|recent=website|id=4010|accessdate=May 1, 2015}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="singles cert france">{{cite web|url=http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=64&awards_awd=or|title=Singles - SNEP|publisher=Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|accessdate=February 19, 2016|language=French|archivedate=2016-03-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305085319/http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=64&awards_awd=or}}</ref> | {{n/a|non-album single}} |- ! scope="row" | "Towards the Sun" | — || — || — || 22 || — || — || — || — || 76 || — | | ''Home'' |- ! scope="row" | "Bitch Better Have My Money" | 14 || 27 || 11 || 3 || 17 || 39 || 10 || 7 || 27 || 15 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA-2015-singles" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|artist=Rihanna|title=Bitch Better Have My Money|type=single|recent=website|id=4099|accessdate=July 17, 2015}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="singles cert france"/> | rowspan="2" {{n/a|non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row" | "American Oxygen" | 65 || — || 59 || 25 || 39 || 39 || — || 30 || 71 || 78 | |- ! scope="row" | "Work" <br />{{small|(pamoja na Drake)}} | rowspan="6"| 2016 | 5 || 6 || 1 || 1 || 5 || 2 || 2 || 9 || 2 || 1 | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/music-news-aria-singles-drake-returns-to-no-1-20160618|title=ARIA Singles: Drake Returns to No 1|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=June 18, 2016|accessdate=June 18, 2016}}</ref> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2016">{{cite certification |region=Belgium |certyear=2016 |accessdate=June 12, 2016}}</ref> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|artist=Rihanna feat. Drake|title=Work|type=single|recent=website|id=4229|accessdate=May 6, 2016}}</ref> * SNEP: Diamond<ref name="singles cert france"/> | rowspan="3" |''Anti'' |- ! scope="row"| "Kiss It Better" | 48 || — || — || 76 || — || 66 || —<ref name="New Zealand Heatseekers">{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4229|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=May 9, 2016|accessdate=May 6, 2016|archive-date=2018-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308042840/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4229|url-status=dead}}</ref> || — || 46 || 62 | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|title=Needed Me|artist=Rihanna|type=single|award=Gold|recent=website|id=4236|autocat=yes|accessdate=June 11, 2016}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | "Needed Me" | 44 || — || 25 || 94 || 57 || 58 || 14 || 45 || 38 || 7 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA October 10">{{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/10/aria-chart-watch-389/|title=CHART WATCH #389|publisher=auspOp|date=October 8, 2016|accessdate=October 8, 2016|archivedate=2016-10-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009204300/https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/10/aria-chart-watch-389/}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 5× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|title=Needed Me|artist=Rihanna|type=single|recent=website|id=4280|accessdate=October 7, 2016}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="singles cert france"/> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Nothing Is Promised]]"<br>{{small|(with [[Mike Will Made It]])}} | 69 || — || — || 25 || — || — || —<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4240|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=June 20, 2016|accessdate=June 17, 2016|archive-date=2016-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160619111936/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4240|url-status=dead}}</ref> || — || 64 || 75 | | ''Ransom 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Sledgehammer" | 69 || 40 || — || 60 || — || — || —<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4250|title=NZ Heatseeker Singles Chart|publisher=Recorded Music NZ|date=July 11, 2016|accessdate=July 8, 2016|archive-date=2016-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720073430/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4250|url-status=dead}}</ref> || — || 69 || — | | ''Star Trek Beyond'' |- ! scope="row"| "Love on the Brain" | — || 33 || 22 || 12 || 21 || — || 15 || 26 || 175 || 5 | * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2017">{{cite certification |region=Belgium |certyear=2017 |accessdate=May 19, 2017}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * MC: Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand||artist=Rihanna|title=Love on the Brain|award=Gold|type=single|recent=website|id=4266|relyear=2016|relmonth=8|accessdate=September 2, 2016}}</ref> * SNEP: Platinum<ref name="singles cert france"/> | ''Anti'' |- ! scope="row"| "Lemon"<br>{{small|(pamoja na [[N.E.R.D]])}} | 2017 | 44 || — || 33 || 47 || — || 51 || 37 || 59 || 31 || 36 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2018/4/aria-chart-watch-468/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #468|publisher=auspOp|date=April 14, 2018|accessdate=April 14, 2018|archivedate=2019-08-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802203501/https://www.auspop.com.au/2018/4/aria-chart-watch-468/}}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand||artist=N.E.R.D. and Rihanna|title=Lemon (Drake Remix)|award=Gold|type=single|recent=website|id=4469|relyear=2018|relmonth=3|accessdate=March 30, 2018}}</ref> | ''No One Ever Really Dies'' |- ! scope="row"| "Roll It"<br />{{small|([[J-Status]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 2007 | — || — || — || — || 33 || — || — || 89 || — || — | | ''The Beginning'' |- ! scope="row"| "If I Never See Your Face Again"<br />{{small|([[Maroon 5]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | rowspan="2"| 2008 | 11 || 68 || 12 || — || — || 16 || 21 || 52 || 28 || 51 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2014-singles"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Maroon 5|title=If I Never See Your Face Again|type=single|accessdate=September 17, 2018}}</ref> | ''It Won't Be Soon Before Long'' |- ! scope="row"| "Live Your Life"<br />{{small|([[T.I.]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 3 || 15 || 4 || 17 || 12 || 3 || 2 || 8 || 2 || 1 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2009-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accr.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2009 Singles |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=February 28, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426011929/http://aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accr.htm |archivedate=April 26, 2009 }}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification | region=United States | artist=T.I. | title=Live Your Life | type=single | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | ''Paper Trail'' |- ! scope="row"| "Run This Town"<br />{{small|(Jay-Z pamoja na Rihanna & Kanye West)}} | 2009 | 9 || 28 || 6 || — || 18 || 3 || 9 || 9 || 1 || 2 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2010-singles">{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.auaccreds2010.htm |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2010 Singles |publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association |accessdate=January 18, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205164623/http://aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.auaccreds2010.htm |archivedate=December 5, 2010 }}</ref> * BPI: Gold<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification | region=United States | artist=Jay-Z | title=Run This Town | type=single | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | ''The Blueprint 3'' |- ! scope="row"| "Love the Way You Lie"<br />{{small|([[Eminem]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | rowspan="2" | 2010 | 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 1 | * RIAA: 12× Platinum<ref name=riaa>{{cite certification|region=United States|type=single|artist=Rihanna|accessdate=March 31, 2018}}</ref> * ARIA: 10× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/SingleAccreds2015.htm|title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2015 Singles |publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association |accessdate=March 6, 2017}}</ref> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2010"/> * BPI: 3× Platinum<ref>https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/10680-3222-1</ref> * BVMI: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Germany|artist=Eminem|title=Love the Way You Lie|accessdate=April 17, 2018}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: 3× Platinum<ref name="IFPI SWI"/> * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|recent=website|id=1615|accessdate=March 6, 2017}}</ref> | ''Recovery'' |- ! scope="row"| "Who's That Chick?"<br />{{small|(David Guetta pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 7 || 6 || 26 || 5 || 6 || 4 || 8 || 8 || 6 || 51 | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2011-singles"/> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2011"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | ''One Love'' |- ! scope="row"| "All of the Lights"<br />{{small|(Kanye West pamoja na Rihanna)}} | rowspan="2"| 2011 | 24 || — || 53 || 52 || — || 13 || 13 || 46 || 15 || 18 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2011-singles"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: 4x Platinum<ref>{{cite certification | region=United States | artist=Kanye West | title=All of the Lights | type=single | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> * RMNZ: Gold<ref name="Radioscope-singles"/> | ''My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fly"<br />{{small|(Nicki Minaj pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 18 || 74 || 55 || — || — || 14 || 13 || — || 16 || 19 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA-2012-singles"/> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite certification | region=United States | artist=Nicki Minaj | title=Fly | type=single | accessdate=October 29, 2012}}</ref> | ''Pink Friday'' |- ! scope="row"| "Take Care"<br />{{small|(Drake pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 2012 | 9 || 36 || 15 || 27 || — || 18 || 6 || 50 || 9 || 7 | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2012-singles"/> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1950 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 02 July 2012 | publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ|Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305064124/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=1950 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | ''Take Care'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bad" (Remix)<br />{{small|([[Wale (rapper)|Wale]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | rowspan="2"| 2013 | — || — || — || 141 || — || — || — || — || 112 || 21 | *RIAA: Platinum<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite certification|region=United States|artist=Wale|accessdate=May 31, 2013}}</ref> |''The Gifted'' |- ! scope="row"| "The Monster" <br />{{small|(Eminem pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * RIAA: 6× Platinum<ref name="riaa"/> * ARIA: 5× Platinum<ref name="ARIA-2014-singles"/> * BEA: Gold<ref>{{cite certification |region=Belgium |certyear=2014 |accessdate=May 30, 2017}}</ref> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Eminem| title=Awards|accessdate=June 18, 2016}}</ref> * MC: 2× Platinum{{Certification Cite Ref|region=Canada|type=digital download|title=The Monster Feat. Rihanna|artist=Eminem}} * RMNZ: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2417 | title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart – 17 February 2014 | publisher=Recorded Music NZ | accessdate=February 16, 2014 | archive-date=2017-08-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812175714/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2417 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | ''The Marshall Mathers LP 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Can't Remember to Forget You" <br />{{small|([[Shakira]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 2014 | 18 || 9 || 19 || 5 || 8 || 7 || 32 || 7 || 11 || 15 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="ARIA-2014-singles"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref>{{cite web|title=Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (''Enter ''Shakira'' in ''Interpret'' and click on ''Suchen'''') |url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/no_cache/gold_platin_datenbank/#topSearch |publisher=BVMI |accessdate=August 8, 2014 |language=German |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124171739/http://www.musikindustrie.de/no_cache/gold_platin_datenbank/ |archivedate=November 24, 2015 |df= }}</ref> * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Shakira| title=Shakira - Awards|accessdate=June 18, 2016}}</ref> | ''Shakira'' |- ! scope="row"| "This Is What You Came For"<br />{{small|(Calvin Harris pamoja na Rihanna)}} | rowspan="2"| 2016 | 1 || 4 || 1 || 5 || 5 || 1 || 2 || 4 || 2 || 3 | * ARIA: 7× Platinum<ref name="ARIA 2017">{{cite certification|region=Australia|type=single|certyear=2017|accessdate=August 15, 2017}}</ref> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2016"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Germany|artist=Calvin Harris|title=This Is What You Came For|accessdate=February 3, 2017|best=no}}</ref> * MC: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?fwp_gp_search=%20Calvin+Harris|title=Gold/Platinum - Music Canada|date=June 13, 2016|accessdate=June 18, 2016}}</ref> * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4236|title=NZ Top 40 Singles Chart|date=June 13, 2016|accessdate=June 10, 2016|archive-date=2016-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808182516/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=4236|url-status=dead}}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="singles cert france"/> | {{NA|Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Too Good"<br />{{small|(Drake pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 3 || 9 || 9 || 29 || 30 || 11 || 4 || 25 || 3 || 14 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name="ARIA 2017"/> * BEA: Gold<ref name="BEA-2016"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="BVMI"/> * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|recent=website|id=4240|accessdate=June 17, 2016}}</ref> * SNEP: Platinum<ref name="singles cert france"/> | ''Views'' |- ! scope="row" | "Selfish"<br>{{small|(Future pamoja na [[Rihanna]])}} | rowspan="3"| 2017 | 37 || — || 28 || 34 || — || 78 || 17 || 51 || 94 || 37 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name="ARIA 2017"/> * MC: Gold<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> * RMNZ: Gold<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Future feat. Rihanna|title=Selfish|recent=website|id=4363|accessdate=May 19, 2017}}</ref> | ''Hndrxx'' |- ! scope="row"| "Wild Thoughts" <br><small>([[DJ Khaled]] pamoja na Rihanna & [[Bryson Tiller]])</small> | 2 || 5 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 3 || 2 || 3 || 1 || 2 | * ARIA: 4× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/12/aria-chart-watch-452/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #452|publisher=auspOp|date=December 23, 2017|accessdate=December 23, 2017|archivedate=2019-12-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204230628/https://www.auspop.com.au/2017/12/aria-chart-watch-452/}}</ref> * BEA: Platinum<ref name="BEA-2017"/> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="BPI"/> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="BVMI"/> * MC: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=Canada|artist=DJ Khaled|title=Wild Thoughts|type=single|accessdate=October 4, 2017}}</ref> * RIAA: 4× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=DJ Khaled|title=Wild Thoughts|type=single|accessdate=August 18, 2017}}</ref> * RMNZ: Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=DJ Khaled feat. Rihanna|title=Wild Thoughts|recent=website|id=4389|accessdate=August 18, 2017}}</ref> * SNEP: Diamond<ref>{{cite certification|region=France|artist=DJ Khaled|title=Wild Thoughts|type=single|accessdate=December 21, 2017}}</ref> | ''Grateful'' |- ! scope="row"| "Loyalty"<br><small>([[Kendrick Lamar]] pamoja na Rihanna)</small> | 20 || — || 12 || 41 || 53 || 18 || 15 || 35 || 27 || 14 | * BPI: Silver<ref name="BPI"/> * MC: 2× Platinum<ref name="MC"/> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Kendrick Lamar|title=Loyalty. (feat. Rihanna)|type=single|accessdate=June 7, 2018}}</ref> | ''Damn'' |} ===Nyimbo zingine=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ Orodha ya nyimbo, nafasi iliyoshika na matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:19em;"| Nyimbo ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="10"| Nafasi iliyoshika katika nchi tofauti ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Canada<br /><ref name="CAN-singles"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ufaransa<br /><ref name="FRA"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ireland<br /><ref name="IRL"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Spain<br /><ref name="SPA">{{cite web | url=http://spanishcharts.com/search.asp?cat=s&search=Rihanna | title=Search for: Rihanna | work=spanishcharts.com | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | archive-date=2016-03-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093123/http://spanishcharts.com/search.asp?cat=s&search=Rihanna | url-status=dead }}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uswisi<br /><ref name="SWI"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uingereza<br /><ref>Peak chart positions for other charted songs in the United Kingdom: * "Stranded (Haiti Mon Amour)": {{cite web | url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/rihanna/ | title=Rihanna | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | accessdate=October 29, 2012 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110205413/http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/rihanna | archivedate=January 10, 2011 | df=mdy-all }} * "Fading" and "Love the Way You Lie (Part II)": {{cite web | url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK_R.HTM | title=Chart Log UK: The Rabble Army – RZA | publisher=Zobbel.de | accessdate=October 20, 2011 | author=Zywietz, Tobias }} * Songs from ''Talk That Talk'': {{cite web | title=Chart Log UK – Weekly Updates Sales 2011 | url=http://zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK2011.HTM | publisher=Zobbel.de | accessdate=July 12, 2012 | author=Zywietz, Tobias }} * Songs from ''Unapologetic'': {{cite web | title=Chart Log UK – 2012 + Weekly Updates + Sales 2012 | url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/CLUK2012.HTM | publisher=Zobbel.de | accessdate=February 10, 2013 | author=Zywietz, Tobias }} * "As Real As You and Me": {{cite web| title= Chart Log UK - New Entries - 04.04.2015 | publisher = Zobbel.de | author = Zywietz, Tobias}} * "Desperado", "Sex with Me", "Consideration", "Same Ol' Mistakes" and "Yeah, I Said It": {{cite web| url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/160206cluk.txt| title=Chart Log UK - New Entries - 06.02.2016| publisher=Zobbel.de| author=Zywietz, Tobias}} * "Love on the Brain" and "Woo": {{cite web|title=CHART: CLUK Update 13.02.2016 (wk6)|url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/160213cluk.txt|publisher=Official Charts Company|accessdate=April 15, 2016}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;" | Uingereza R&B<br /><ref>Peak chart positions for other charted songs on the UK R&B Singles Chart in the United Kingdom: * "Cockiness (Love It)", "Red Lipstick", "Fool in Love" and "Do Ya Thang": {{cite web | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/16/2011-12-03/ | title=2011-12-03 Top 40 R&B Singles Archive | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | accessdate=November 26, 2012}} * "Drunk on Love": {{cite web | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/16/2012-08-18/ | title=2012-08-18 Top 40 R&B Singles Archive | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | accessdate=November 26, 2012}} * "Phresh Out the Runway", "Numb", "Nobody's Business", "Love Without Tragedy" / "Mother Mary", "No Love Allowed" and "Half of Me": {{cite web | title=2012-12-01 Top 40 R&B Singles Archive | url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/16/2012-12-01/ | publisher=[[Official Charts Company]] | accessdate=November 26, 2012}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Marekani<br /><ref name="US-singles"/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Hot Dance Club Songs<br /><ref name="US-Dance-singles">{{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rihanna/chart-history/dance-club-play-songs | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Dance Club Songs | work=Billboard| accessdate=September 9, 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs<br /><ref name="US-R&B-singles">{{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rihanna/chart-history/r-b-hip-hop-songs | title=Rihanna – Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | work=Billboard| accessdate=September 9, 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | "A Girl Like Me" | rowspan="2"| 2006 | — || — || — || 25 || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''A Girl Like Me'' |- ! scope="row"| "A Million Miles Away" | — || — || — || 38 || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Breakin' Dishes" | 2007 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 4 || — | | ''Good Girl Gone Bad'' |- ! scope="row"| "Numba 1 (Tide Is High)"<br />{{small|([[Kardinal Offishall]] pamoja na Rihanna)}} | 2008 | 38 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | ''Not 4 Sale'' |- ! scope="row"| "Bad Girl"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Chris Brown]])}} | 2009 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 55 | | {{n/a|non-album song}} |- ! scope="row"| "Stranded (Haiti Mon Amour)"<br />{{small|pamoja na[[Jay-Z]], [[Bono]] & [[The Edge]])}} | rowspan="3"| 2010 | 6 || — || 3 || 30 || — || 41 || — || 16 || — || — | | ''Hope for Haiti Now'' |- ! scope="row"| "Fading" | — || — || — || — || — || 187 || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''Loud'' |- ! scope="row"| "Love the Way You Lie (Part II)"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[Eminem]])}} | 19 || — || — || — || — || 160 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Birthday Cake" | rowspan="9"| 2011 | — || — || — || — || — || 172 || — || 39 || — || 4 | | rowspan="9"| ''Talk That Talk'' |- ! scope="row"| "Cockiness (Love It)" | — || — || — || — || — || 121 || 33 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "We All Want Love" | — || — || — || — || — || 188 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Drunk on Love" | — || — || — || — || — || 153 || 23 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Roc Me Out" | — || — || — || — || — || 176 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Farewell" | — || — || — || — || — || 155 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Red Lipstick" | — || — || — || — || — || 122 || 34 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Do Ya Thang" | — || — || — || — || — || 136 || 38 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Fool in Love" | — || — || — || — || — || 123 || 35 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Phresh Out the Runway" | rowspan="7"| 2012 | — || 185 || — || — || — || 177 || 35 || — || — || —<ref name="US-Bubbling-R&B-singles">{{cite web | url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ | title=Rihanna – Chart History: Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | accessdate=September 1, 2013 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums | archivedate=2010-12-10 | url-status=dead}}</ref>}} | | rowspan="7"| ''Unapologetic'' |- ! scope="row"| "Numb"<br />{{small|(pamoja na Eminem)}} | 99 || 128 || — || —|| — || 92 || 13 || — || — || 42 | |- ! scope="row"| "Nobody's Business"<br />{{small|(pamoja na Chris Brown)}} | — || 36 || — || — || — || 63 || 7 || — || — || 39 | |- ! scope="row"| "Love Without Tragedy / Mother Mary" | — || 95 || — || — || — || 113 || 19 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "No Love Allowed" | — || 101 || — || — || — || 131 || 24 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Lost in Paradise" | — || 183 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Half of Me" | 96 || 70 || 84 || — || 46 || 75 || 10 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row" | "Dancing in the Dark" | rowspan="2"| 2015 | — || 92 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | rowspan="2"| ''Home'' |- ! scope="row"| "As Real As You and Me" | — || 96 || — || — || — || 110 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Consideration"<br />{{small|(pamoja na [[SZA (singer)|SZA]])}} | rowspan="11"| 2016 | — || 63 || — || — || — || 88 || — || — || 1 || 38 | | rowspan="11"| ''Anti'' |- ! scope="row"| "Desperado" | — || 109 || — || — || 51 || 129 || — || — || 1 || 39 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |- ! scope="row"| "Woo" | — || — || — || — || — || 158 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Yeah, I Said It" | — || — || — || — || — || 187 || — || — || — || 41 | |- ! scope="row"| "Same Ol' Mistakes" | — || 155 || — || — || — || 197 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Never Ending" | — || 144 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Higher" | — || 185 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Close to You" | — || 136 || — || — || 61 || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Goodnight Gotham" | — || 114 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Pose" | — || 98 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 1 || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Sex with Me" | — || 52 || — || — || — || 130 || — || 83 || 1 || 33 | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="RIAA"/> |} ==Tuzo== ===American Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2007<ref>{{cite news|title=2007 American Music Awards Nominees and Winners|url=http://www.latimes.com/env-ama-nom9oct09,0,7891403.htmlstory|work=Los Angeles Times|date=December 12, 2012}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist |{{Won}} |- |rowspan=2|2008<ref>{{cite news|title=2008 American Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/2008-american-music-awards-winners-article-1.338264|work=New York Daily News|date=November 24, 2008}}</ref> |Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist |{{won}} |- |rowspan=2|Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist |{{won}} |- |rowpsan=1|2010<ref>{{cite web|title=In Full: American Music Awards - Winners|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a289062/in-full-american-music-awards-winners.html|work=Digital Spy|date=November 22, 2010|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2015-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611011719/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a289062/in-full-american-music-awards-winners.html}}</ref> |{{Won}} |- |rowspan=3|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=American Music Awards 2011 - Full list of winners|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a351879/american-music-awards-2011-full-list-of-winners.html|work=Digital Spy|date=November 21, 2011|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2015-07-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711052213/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a351879/american-music-awards-2011-full-list-of-winners.html}}</ref> |rowspan=2|''Loud'' |Favorite Pop/Rock Album |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Soul/R&B Album |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan=4|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=American Music Awards 2012 - The winners and nominees in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a437355/american-music-awards-2012-the-winners-and-nominees-in-full.html|work=Digital Spy|date=November 19, 2012|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2015-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610223024/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a437355/american-music-awards-2012-the-winners-and-nominees-in-full.html}}</ref> |Artist of the Year |{Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan=1|''Talk That Talk'' |Favorite Soul/R&B Album |{{won}} |- |rowspan=5|2013<ref>http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5755250/american-music-awards-2013-full-nominations-list {{Wayback|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5755250/american-music-awards-2013-full-nominations-list |date=20131013011236 }} http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/american-music-awards-2013-nominations-announced-list-of-nominees-20131010</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Icon Award |{{won}} |- |Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist |{{won}} |- |''Unapologetic'' |Favorite Soul/R&B Album |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan=2|2015<ref>http://www.billboard.com/articles/events/amas/6770317/american-music-awards-2015-winners-list-amas AMAs Winners</ref> |rowspan="1"|Rihanna |Favorite Female Artist - Soul/R&B |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|"FourFiveSeconds" |Collaboration Of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan=7|2016<ref>http://www.theamas.com/nominees/2016-nominees/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.theamas.com/nominees/2016-nominees/ |date=20161109150740 }} 2016 Nominees</ref> |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Artist Of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Female Artist - Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Female Artist - Soul/R&B |{{won}} |- |rowspan="3"|"Work"<small> (pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> |Collaboration Of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Video Of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Song - Soul/R&B |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|''Anti'' |Favorite Album - Soul/R&B |{{won}} |- |rowspan=2|2017<ref>http://www.billboard.com/articles/events/amas/7997612/ama-nominations-2017-full-list</ref> |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Favorite Female Artist - Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Female Artist - Soul/R&B |Aliteuliwa |- |2018<ref>https://www.eonline.com/news/967603/american-music-awards-2018-see-the-complete-list-of-nominations</ref> |Favorite Female Artist - Soul/R&B |{{won}} |- |} ===ARIA Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2011<ref>{{cite web|title=ARIA Awards 2011: Nominees and early winners|url=http://www.novafm.com.au/article/aria-awards-2011-nominees-and-early-winners|work=Nova FM|date=December 12, 2012|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020163307/http://www.novafm.com.au/article/aria-awards-2011-nominees-and-early-winners|archivedate=2013-10-20}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Most Popular International Artist | Aliteuliwa |} ===Barbados Music Awards=== Rihanna has received 46 awards for 46 nominations {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan=9 |2006 |rowspan=2 |Music of the Sun |Best reggae/dancehall album | {{won}} |- |Album of the Year | {{Won}} |- |rowspan=3 |Pon the replay |Best dance single | {{Won}} |- |Song of the Year | {{Won}} |- |Best Soca Single (female) | {{Won}} |- |rowspan=4 |Rihanna |Best New Artist |{{Won}} |- |Best female Artist of the Year |{{Won}} |- |Best selling female of the Year |{{Won}} |- |Best entartainer of the Year | {{Won}} |} ===BET Awards=== The [[BET Awards]] were established in 2001 by the [[Black Entertainment Television]] network to celebrate Black Americans and other minorities in music, acting, sports, and other fields of entertainment over the past year. The awards are presented annually and broadcast live on BET. Rihanna has received six awards from twenty nine nominations. {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2006<ref>{{cite web|title=BET Awards 2006 - Winners and Nominees|url=http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/BETAwards2006.htm|work=About.com|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2013-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515200808/http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/BETAwards2006.htm}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |BET Award for Best New Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |2008<ref>{{cite web|title=BET Awards Nominees and Winners 2008|url=http://www.musicloversgroup.com/bet-awards-nominees-and-winners-2008/|work=Music Lovers Group|date=May 28, 2013}}</ref> |BET Award for Best R&B Artists | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=2009 BET Awards|url=http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2009BETAwards.htm|work=About.com|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2014-09-12|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140912071724/http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2009BETAwards.htm}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> |BET Award for Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |BET Award for Best Collaboration | Aliteuliwa |- |BET Award for Viewer's Choice | {{won}} |- |rowspan="3"|2010<ref>{{cite web|title=BET Awards 2010 Winners, Nominations List: Red Carpet Photos, Video|url=http://www.shallownation.com/2010/06/26/bet-awards-2010-winners-nominations-list-red-carpet-photos-video/|work=Shallow Nation|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012031728/http://www.shallownation.com/2010/06/26/bet-awards-2010-winners-nominations-list-red-carpet-photos-video/|archivedate=2013-10-12}}</ref> ||"Run This Town" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> |Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- ||Rihanna |Best Female R&B Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Hard" <small>(pamoja na [[Young Jeezy]])</small> |Viewer's Choice Award |{{won}} |- |rowspan="4"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 BET Awards|url=http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2011-Bet-Awards.htm|work=About.com|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092837/http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2011-Bet-Awards.htm}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best Female R&B Artist |{{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|"What's My Name?" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (Canadian rapper)|Drake]])</small> |Viewer's Choice Award |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|Best Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- ||"All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na Kanye West)</small> |Aliteuliwa |- |2012<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 BET Awards|url=http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/2012-Bet-Awards-Winners.htm|work=About.com|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824051036/http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/2012-Bet-Awards-Winners.htm|archivedate=2017-08-24}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best Female R&B Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2013<ref>{{cite web|title=BET Awards 2013 Nominations: The Complete List|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1707339/bet-awards-2013-nominations.jhtml|work=MTV|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2013-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607073814/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1707339/bet-awards-2013-nominations.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Diamonds" |Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Coca-Cola Viewers Choice Award |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |rowspan="3"|Best Female R&B Artist |{{won}} |- |2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-juice/6084917/beyonce-jay-z-lead-2014-bet-awards |title=Beyonce & Jay Z Lead 2014 BET Awards |publisher=Billboard |date=2014-01-26 |accessdate=2014-05-14}}</ref> |Aliteuliwa |- |2015<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Female R&B/Pop Artist|url=http://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2015/bet-awards-international/nominees/best-female-r-b-pop-artist.html|website=BET Awards 2015|publisher=BET Networks|accessdate=June 21, 2015|archive-date=2015-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622110742/http://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2015/bet-awards-international/nominees/best-female-r-b-pop-artist.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 BET Awards Nominations|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2016/05/20/bet-awards-2016-nominations/|work=Rap-Up.com|date=May 20, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923004510/http://www.rap-up.com/2016/05/20/bet-awards-2016-nominations/|archivedate=2016-09-23|accessdate=2019-04-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best Female R&B/Pop Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|"Work" <small>(pamoja na Drake)</small> |Viewer's Choice Award |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Collaboration |{{won}} |- |Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- ||"Bitch Better Have My Money" |Centric Award |Aliteuliwa |- |2017 |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"|Best Female R&B/Pop Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2018/nominees/album-of-the-year.html|title=BET Awards 2018 Nominations|publisher=bet.com|accessdate=May 17, 2018|archive-date=2018-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704153015/https://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2018/nominees/album-of-the-year.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|"Wild Thoughts" <small>(pamoja na DJ Khaled & Bryson Tiller)</small> |Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Viewer's Choice |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|Best Collaboration |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|"Loyalty" <small>(pamoja na Kendrick Lamar)</small> |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===BET Hip-Hop Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyechaguliwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="3"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=2009 BET Hip Hop Awards Winners|url=http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/BETHipHopAwards09.htm|work=About.com|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000433/http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/BETHipHopAwards09.htm}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> |Track of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Hip-Hop Collaboration |{{won}} |- |rowspan="4"|Best Hip-Hop Video |{{won}} |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 BET Hip Hop Awards Complete Winners List|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1649842/2010-bet-hip-hop-awards-complete-winners-list.jhtml|work=MTV|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2011-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110213043138/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1649842/2010-bet-hip-hop-awards-complete-winners-list.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||"Run This Town" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations and winners for the BET Hip Hop Awards 2011 have been revealed!|url=http://www.madetobenow.com/2011/09/nominees-winners-bet-hip-hop-awards.html|work=Made To Be Now|date=May 28, 2013|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-05-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531190929/http://www.madetobenow.com/2011/09/nominees-winners-bet-hip-hop-awards.html}}</ref> ||"All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- ||"All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]])</small> |Verizon People's Champ Award (Viewers' Choice) | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2017<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations and winners for the BET Hip Hop Awards 2017 |url=http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2017/09/jay-z-kendrick-lamar-more-nominated-2017-bet-hip-hop-awards/|work=Jay-Z, Kendrick Lamar and More Nominated for 2017 BET Hip Hop Awards|date=September 14, 2017}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|"Wild Thoughts" <small>(pamoja na [[DJ Khaled]] & [[Bryson Tiller]])</small> | Single of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Hip-Hop Video | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Collabo, Duo or Group | {{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|2018<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.bet.com/shows/hip-hop-awards/2018/photos/nominees/hip-hop-awards-18-nominees.html|title=Hip Hop Awards 2018 Nominees|work=BET.com|access-date=2018-09-13}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|"[[Loyalty (Kendrick Lamar song)|Loyalty]]" <small>(w/ [[Kendrick Lamar]])</small> | Best Hip Hop Video | Aliteuliwa |} ===Billboard Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="3"|2006<ref>{{cite web|title=The 2006 Billboard Music Award Winners|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/56513/the-2006-billboard-music-award-winners|work=Billboard}}</ref> |rowspan="13"|Rihanna |Female Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- |Pop 100 Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- |Female Hot 100 Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- |rowspan="18"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 Billboard Music Awards Winners [Full List]|url=http://www.inquisitr.com/107858/2011-billboard-music-awards-winners-full-list/|work=Inquisitr|date=May 22, 2011}}</ref> |Top Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Female Artist |{{won}} |- |Top R&B Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Hot 100 Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Dance Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Social Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Digital Songs Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Radio Songs Artist |{{won}} |- |Top Streaming Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Digital Media Artist |Aliteuliwa |- ||''Loud'' |Top R&B Album |Aliteuliwa |- ||"What's My Name?" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (Canadian rapper)|Drake]])</small> |Top R&B Song |{{nom}} |- |rowspan="6"|"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(w/ [[Eminem]])</small> |Top Hot 100 Song |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Rap Song |{{won}} |- |Top Digital Song |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Radio Song |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Streaming Song (Audio) |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Streaming Song (Video) |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="14"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 BBMA WINNERS|url=http://www.billboard.com/bbma/winners|work=Billboard|date=December 12, 2012|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://www.billboard.com/bbma/winners}}</ref> |rowspan="12"|Rihanna |- |Top Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Pop Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Hot 100 Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Dance Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Social Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Digital Songs Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Radio Songs Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Streaming Artist |{{won}} |- |Top Digital Media Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |''Talk That Talk'' |Top R&B Album |Aliteuliwa |- |"We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Top Radio Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="11"|2013<ref>{{cite web|last=Grossberg|first=Josh|title=Nominees for 2013 Billboard Music Awards|url=http://uk.eonline.com/news/410381/taylor-swift-maroon-5-fun-lead-nominees-for-2013-billboard-music-awards|work=E! Online|accessdate=23 April 2013}}</ref> |rowspan="8"|Rihanna |- |Top Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Artist |{{won}} |- |Top Hot 100 Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Social Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Radio Songs Artist |{{won}} |- |Top Streaming Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |''Unapologetic'' |Top R&B Album |{{won}} |- |"Diamonds" |Top R&B Song |{{won}} |- |"Where Have You Been" |Top Dance Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="6"|2014<ref>{{cite web|last=Staff|first=Billboard|title=Imagine Dragons, Lorde, Justin Timberlake Lead 2014 Billboard Music Awards Finalists|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/events/bbma-2014/6042208/billboard-music-awards-finalists-2014-bbmas|work=Billboard|accessdate=9 April 2014}}</ref> |rowspan="5"|Rihanna |- |Top Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Touring Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Social Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |"The Monster" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Top Rap Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 Finalists|url=http://www.billboardmusicawards.com/2016-finalists/|work=Billboard|accessdate=11 April 2016|archive-date=2018-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725111001/https://www.billboardmusicawards.com/2016-finalists/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Top Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Billboard Chart Achievement Award |{{won}} |- |rowspan="3"|''Anti'' |Top R&B Album |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="13" |2017<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.billboardmusicawards.com/nominees/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2019-04-05 |archivedate=2018-04-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415203738/https://www.billboardmusicawards.com/nominees/ }}</ref> |Top Billboard 200 Album |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Album |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="7"|Rihanna |Top Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Hot 100 Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Radio Songs Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Streaming Songs Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Tour |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"Needed Me" |Top Streaming Song (Audio) |Aliteuliwa |- |Top R&B Song |Aliteuliwa |- |"Work" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> |Top R&B Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- |"This Is What You Came For" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Top Dance/Electronic Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |Rihanna |Top R&B Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Wild Thoughts |Top R&B Song |Aliteuliwa |} ===Billboard Latin Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Enrique Iglesias, Shakira Lead Billboard Latin Music Award Nominations|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473130/enrique-iglesias-shakira-lead-billboard-latin-music-award-nominations|work=Billboard|accessdate=February 10, 2011}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |rowspan="4"|Crossover Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- ||2012<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 Billboard Latin Music Award Nominations|url=http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/11642816-2012-billboard-latin-music-award-nominations|work=All Voices|accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |- ||2013<ref>{{cite web|title=Billboard Latin Music Awards 2013: Winners List|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/latin-notas/1559645/billboard-latin-music-awards-2013-winners-list|work=Billboard|accessdate=April 25, 2013}}</ref> | {{won}} |- ||2016 | Aliteuliwa |} ===Billboard Touring Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Billboard Touring Awards: U2, Bon Jovi, Take That Are Top Finalists|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/photos/live/465316/billboard-touring-awards-u2-bon-jovi-take-that-are-top-finalists|work=''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''|accessdate=November 4, 2011}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Breakthrough | Aliteuliwa |} ===BMI London Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="1"|2007 |"Break It Off" <small>(pamoja na [[Sean Paul]])</small> |rowspan="3"|Award-Winning Songs | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/peter_gabriel_receives_top_honor_at_bmi_london_awards|title=Peter Gabriel Receives Top Honor at BMI London Awards|publisher=BMI| accessdate=October 16, 2007}}</ref> |- |rowspan="1"|2010 ||"Run This Town" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/2010_bmi_london_award_winners|title=2010 BMI London Award Winners|publisher=BMI| accessdate=October 5, 2010}}</ref> |} ===BMI Pop Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="1"|2008 ||"Break It Off" <small>(pamoja na [[Sean Paul]])</small> |rowspan="3"|Award-Winning Songs | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/2008_bmi_pop_awards_award_winning_songs|title=2008 BMI Pop Awards - Award Winning Songs|publisher=BMI| accessdate=May 20, 2008}}</ref> |- |rowspan="1"|2012 ||"Rude Boy" | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/557040|title=Carole King Named BMI Icon at 60th Annual BMI Pop Awards| publisher=BMI| accessdate=May 16, 2012}}</ref> |- |2018 |"Love On The Brain" |{{won}} | |} ===BMI R&B/Hip-Hop Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan=2|2014 |"The Monster" |rowspan=4|R&B/Hip-Hop Award Songs | {{won}} |rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/christopher_ludacris_bridges_and_top_songwriters_honored_at_the_2014_bmi_rb|title=Christopher ‘Ludacris’ Bridges and Top Songwriters Honored at the 2014 BMI R&B/Hip-Hop Awards| publisher=BMI| accessdate=September 6, 2017}}</ref> |- | "Pour It Up" | {{won}} |- |rowspan=2|2016 |"Bitch Better Have My Money" | {{won}} |rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/2016_bmi_rb_hip_hop_awards|title=BMI Honors Toni Braxton With President’s Award at 2016 BMI R&B/Hip-Hop Awards| publisher=BMI| accessdate=September 6, 2017}}</ref> |- | "FourFiveSeconds" | {{won}} |- |rowspan="5"|2017 |Rihanna |Songwriter of the Year‡ | {{won}} |rowspan="5"|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/2017-rb-hip-hop-awards|title=Patti LaBelle Named BMI Icon at the 2017 BMI R&B/Hip-Hop Awards| publisher=BMI| accessdate=September 6, 2017}}</ref> |- |"Needed Me" |rowspan="4"|Most Performed R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | {{won}} |- |"Love On The Brain" | {{won}} |- |"Work" | {{won}} |- |"Too Good" | {{won}} |} ===BMI Urban Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2010 |"Run This Town" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> |rowspan="2"|Award-Winning Songs | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/2010_bmi_urban_music_awards_winners|title=2010 BMI Urban Music Awards Winners| publisher=BMI| accessdate=September 11, 2010}}</ref> |- | 2011 ||"Rude Boy" | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.urbanhotradio.com/2011/08/29/snoop-dog-honored-at-bmi-urban-awards/| title=Snoop Dog Honored At BMI Urban Awards| publisher=Urban Hot Radio| accessdate=August 29, 2011| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621235157/http://www.urbanhotradio.com/2011/08/29/snoop-dog-honored-at-bmi-urban-awards/| archivedate=2013-06-21}}</ref> |} ===Bravo Otto Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2011 |Rihanna |Super Singer - Female |{{won}} |- |2012 |Rihanna |Super Singer - Female |{{won}} |- |2013 |Rihanna |Rapporteur of the Year - Foreign Woman |{{won}} |- |} ===BRIT Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008 |rowspan="5"|Rihanna |rowspan="5"|International Female Solo Artist | Aliteuliwa |rowspan="4"| <ref name="Brits">{{cite web|title=RIHANNA WINS BRITS 2012 INTERNATIONAL FEMALE ARTIST |url=http://www.brits.co.uk/news/2012/rihanna-wins-brits-2012-international-female-artist |work=Brits |date=December 12, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422180938/http://www.brits.co.uk/news/2012/rihanna-wins-brits-2012-international-female-artist |archivedate=April 22, 2012 |df= }}</ref> |- ||2010 | Aliteuliwa |- ||2011 | {{won}} |- ||2012 | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|2013 | Aliteuliwa |rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news|title=Brit Awards 2013: Nominations in full|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/brit-awards-2013-nominations-in-full-8502661.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=17 April 2013|location=London|first=Daisy|last=Wyatt|date=February 20, 2013|archivedate=2017-03-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312210652/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/brit-awards-2013-nominations-in-full-8502661.html}}</ref> |- |"Princess of China" <small>(pamoja na [[Coldplay]])</small> |British Single of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2017 |Rihanna |International Female Solo Artist | Aliteuliwa |rowspan="3"|<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/who-nominated-2017-brit-awards-9623810 |title=Who is nominated for Brit Awards 2017? Full nominations list as Little Mix and Rihanna score most nods |last=Haigh |first=Joshua |date=February 22, 2017}}</ref> |- |"This Is What You Came For" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |British Single of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |} ===BT Digital Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2010 |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Best Event/Nokia Present Rihanna Live | {{won}} |rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|title=BT Digital Music Awards winners|url=http://www.musicweek.com/news/read/bt-digital-music-awards-winners/043757|work=Musicweek|date=October 1, 2010}}</ref> |- |rowspan="2"|Best International Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |2011 | Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{cite web|title=BT Digital Music Awards 2011: Nominees in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a338046/bt-digital-music-awards-2011-nominees-in-full.html|work=[[Digital Spy]]|date=August 31, 2011}}</ref> |} ===Canadian Radio Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2013 |Rihanna |International Solo Artist of the Year | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=Carly Rae Jepsen, Marianas Trench nab Canadian Radio Music Awards|url=http://www.torontosun.com/2013/03/20/carly-rae-jepsen-marianas-trench-nab-canadian-radio-music-awards|work=Toronto Sun|date=March 20, 2013}}</ref> |} ===CFDA Fashion Awards=== {{awards table}} !Marejeo |- !scope="row"|2014 |Rihanna |Fashion Icon Award |{{won}} |style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna Wore a Naked Dress to the CFDA Fashion Awards (NSFW)|url=http://www.elle.com/fashion/news/a14944/rihanna-naked-fashion-speech-cfda/|accessdate=4 November 2016}}</ref> {{end}} ===Clio Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2016 |rowspan="2"|ANTIdiaRy |Best commercial |Aliteuliwa |rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna ANTIdiaRy / Album Partnership Launch|url=http://clios.com/music/winner/12703|accessdate=26 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna ANTIdiaRY / Album Partnership Launch|url=http://clios.com/music/winner/12654|accessdate=26 September 2016}}</ref> |- |Best partnership |Aliteuliwa |} ===Danish Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2011 |rowspan="1"|"Only Girl (In The World)" |rowspan="3"|International Hit of the Year |{{won}} |rowspan="2"|<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.musikeren.dk/nyheder/nyhed/artikel/se_alle_nominerede_til_dma_2011/|title=Se alle nominerede til DMA 2011|work=MUSIKEREN|access-date=2018-10-01|language=da|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2018-10-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001104134/http://www.musikeren.dk/nyheder/nyhed/artikel/se_alle_nominerede_til_dma_2011/}}</ref> |- |rowspan="1"|"Love The Way You Lie" {{small|(pamoja na Eminem)}} |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2012 |rowspan="1"|"We Found Love" {{small|(pamoja na Calvin Harris)}} |Aliteuliwa |rowspan="1"|<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://digitalt.tv/danish-music-awards-2012-de-nominerede-er/|title=Danish Music Awards 2012 - De nominerede er|date=2012-10-02|work=DIGITALT.TV|access-date=2018-10-01|language=da-DK}}</ref> |- |rowspan="2"|2013 |rowspan="1"|"Unapologetic" |International Album of the Year |{{won}} |rowspan="2"|<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://gaffa.dk/nyhed/76413/her-er-de-nominerede-til-danish-music-awards|title=Her er de nominerede til Danish Music Awards|work=gaffa.dk|access-date=2018-10-01|language=da}}</ref> |- |rowspan="1"|"Diamonds" |rowspan="2"|International Hit of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2014 |rowspan="1"|"The Monster" {{small|(pamoja na Eminem)}} |Aliteuliwa |rowspan="1"|<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.bt.dk/musik/danish-music-awards-og-de-nominerede-er|title=Danish Music Awards: Og de nominerede er...|work=www.bt.dk|access-date=2018-10-01|language=da}}</ref> |- |} ===ECHO Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2008 ||"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Hit of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"|International Female Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- ||2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Adele, Bruno Mars, Black Eyed Peas Among Nominees for Germany's Echo Awards|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1178902/adele-bruno-mars-black-eyed-peas-among-nominees-for-germanys-echo|work=Billboard|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2018-10-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024123305/https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1178902/adele-bruno-mars-black-eyed-peas-among-nominees-for-germanys-echo}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |- |2013<ref>{{cite web|title=Die Nominees |url=http://www.echopop.de/fileadmin/pop/upload/presse-news/downloads/2013/ECHO_2013_Nominee_Liste_FINAL.pdf |work=Echo Pop |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6Iw0qhXt6?url=http://www.echopop.de/fileadmin/pop/upload/presse-news/downloads/2013/ECHO_2013_Nominee_Liste_FINAL.pdf |archivedate=2013-08-17 |df= }}</ref> ||"Diamonds" |Hit of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===FiFi Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2014 |Nude by Rihanna |Best Celebrity Fragrance |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna’s Nude By Rihanna Wins Best Celebrity Fragrance At FIFI Awards|url=http://styleblazer.com/282179/nude-by-rihanna-wins/|accessdate=27 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127154229/http://styleblazer.com/282179/nude-by-rihanna-wins/|archivedate=2016-11-27}}</ref> |} ===Footwear News Achievement Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2016 |Fenty Puma Creeper |Shoe of the Year |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna Dethrones Kanye West to Become ‘Queen of Shoes’|url=http://footwearnews.com/2016/fashion/designers/rihanna-wins-shoe-of-the-year-fenty-puma-creepers-footwear-news-achievement-awards-fnaa-2016-272599/|accessdate=6 November 2016}}</ref> |- |} === Danish GAFFA Awards === {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2011 |''We Found Love'' | International Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |2015 |"FourFiveSeconds" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]] & [[Paul McCartney]])</small> | International Hit of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |2016 |Rihanna | International Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |2018 |"Wild Thoughts" <small>(pamoja na [[DJ Khaled]] & [[Bryson Tiller]])</small> | International Hit of the Year |ALiteuliwa |} === Sweden GAFFA Awards === {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2010 |"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |rowspan="2" | International Hit of the Year |{{won}} |- |2015 |"Bitch Better Have My Money" |{{won}} |} ===Gaygalan Awards === {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.qx.se/noje/gaygala/153771/dags-att-nominera-till-qx-gaygala-2018/|title=Dags att nominera till QX Gaygala 2018! – QX|work=QX|date=1 December 2017}}</ref> || "Wild Thoughts" <small>(pamoja na [[DJ Khaled]])</small> | International Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |} ===Glamour Magazine Women of the Year Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2009<ref>{{cite news|title=Emotional Rihanna is the belle of the ball in a mermaid gown as she accepts Woman of the Year award|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1226563/Emotional-Rihanna-belle-ball-mermaid-gown-accepts-Woman-Year-award.html|publisher=Daily Mail|accessdate=November 10, 2009|location=London|first=Emily|last=Sheridan}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Woman of the Year |{{won}} |} ===Golden Raspberry Award=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2013<ref>{{cite web|last=Daniels|first=Colin|title=Twilight Breaking Dawn - Part 2, Kristen Stewart, Rihanna win Razzies|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/news/a461205/twilight-breaking-dawn-part-2-kristen-stewart-rihanna-win-razzies.html|work=[[Digital Spy]]|accessdate=February 24, 2013|date=February 24, 2013|archivedate=2015-02-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210202736/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/news/a461205/twilight-breaking-dawn-part-2-kristen-stewart-rihanna-win-razzies.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Bibbiani|first=William|title=The 33rd Annual Razzies (Dis)-Honor Twilight: Breaking Dawn: Part 2|url=http://www.craveonline.com/film/articles/202737-the-33rd-annual-razzie-nominations-dishonors-twilight-saga-breaking-dawn-part-2|publisher=CraveOnline.com|accessdate=January 9, 2013|date=January 8, 2013}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|''Battleship'' |Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress |{{won}} |- |Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screen Couple/Ensemble |Aliteuliwa |} ===Grammy Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyeshinda !Tuzo !Matokeo |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2008 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> || Grammy Award for Record of the Year || Aliteuliwa |- | Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration || {{won}} |- | "Don't Stop the Music" || [[Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording || Aliteuliwa |- | "Hate That I Love You" <small>(pamoja na [[Ne-Yo]])</small> || Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals || Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 2009 || "If I Never See Your Face Again" <small>(pamoja na [[Maroon 5]])</small> || Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals || Aliteuliwa |- | "Disturbia" || Best Dance Recording || Aliteuliwa |- | ''Good Girl Gone Bad Live'' || Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video || Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2010 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |"Run This Town" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> || Grammy Award for Best Rap Song || {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|Best Rap/Sung Collaboration || {{won}} |- | rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | 2011 || rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> || Aliteuliwa |- |Record of the Year||Aliteuliwa |- | Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video || Aliteuliwa |- | "Only Girl (In the World)" || Best Dance Recording || {{won}} |- | ''Recovery'' || rowspan="2" | Grammy Award for Album of the Year || Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2012 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" |''Loud'' || Aliteuliwa |- | Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album || Aliteuliwa |- | "What's My Name?" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (entertainer)|Drake]])</small> || rowspan="3" |Best Rap/Sung Collaboration || Aliteuliwa |- | "All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]], [[Kid Cudi]] & [[Fergie (singer)|Fergie]])</small>|| {{won}} |- | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 2013 || "Talk That Talk" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> || Aliteuliwa |- | "Where Have You Been" || Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance || Aliteuliwa |- | "We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small>|| Best Short Form Music Video || {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2014 || "Stay" <small>(pamoja na [[Mikky Ekko]])</small> || Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance || Aliteuliwa |- | ''Unapologetic '' || Grammy Award for Best Urban Contemporary Album || {{won}} |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" | 2015 || "The Monster" <small> (pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> || Best Rap/Sung Collaboration || {{won}} |- | rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;" | 2017 | rowspan="2" |"[[Work (Rihanna song)|Work]]" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> | Record of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop Duo/Group Performance | Aliteuliwa |- | "Needed Me" | Best R&B Performance | Aliteuliwa |- | "Kiss It Better" | Best R&B Song | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |''Anti'' | Best Urban Contemporary Album|| Aliteuliwa |- | Grammy Award for Best Recording Package | Aliteuliwa |- | ''Views'' | Album of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | "Famous" <small> (pamoja na [[Kanye West]] & [[Swizz Beatz]])</small> | rowspan="2" | Best Rap/Sung Performance | Aliteuliwa |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | "Loyalty" <small> (pamoja na [[Kendrick Lamar]])</small> | {{won}} |} ===Guinness World Record=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;" |- ! width=5%|Mwaka ! style="width:23%;"| Aliyetuzwa ! style="width:45%;"| Tuzo ! style="width:10%;"| Matokeo !Marejeo |- |2010 |rowspan="6"|Rihanna |Female artist with the most U.S. number-one singles in a year |{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/female-artist-with-the-most-us-no1-singles-in-a-year|title=Female artist with the most US no.1 singles in a year|publisher=|accessdate=30 August 2016}}</ref> |- |2010 |Most digital number-one singles in the US |{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-digital-no1-singles-in-the-us|title=Most digital no.1 singles in the US|publisher=|accessdate=30 August 2016}}</ref> |- |2011 |Most consecutive years of UK No.1 singles |{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/first-female-artist-to-have-uk-no1-singles-in-five-consecutive-years|title=Most consecutive years of UK No.1 singles|publisher=|accessdate=30 August 2016}}</ref> |- |2012 |The Best Selling Digital Artist (U.S.) |{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2012/9/rihanna-lady-gaga-and-adele-break-world-records-with-digital-music-sales-44685|title=Rihanna, Lady Gaga and Adele break World Records with digital music sales|date=7 September 2012|publisher=|accessdate=30 August 2016}}</ref> |- |2013 |Most consecutive weeks on UK singles chart (multiple singles) |{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-consecutive-weeks-on-uk-singles-chart-(multiple-singles)|title=Most consecutive weeks on UK singles chart (multiple singles)|publisher=|accessdate=30 August 2016}}</ref> |- |2014 |Most “Liked” Person on Facebook |{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gobarbados.org/list-of-rihanna-guinness-world-records/|title=List of Rihanna's Guinness world records|publisher=|accessdate=23 June 2017|archivedate=2023-07-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713051008/https://www.gobarbados.org/list-of-rihanna-guinness-world-records/}}</ref> |} ===Harvard Foundation for Interracial and Cultural Relations=== {{awards table}} !Marejeo |- |2017 |Rihanna |Humanitarian of the Year |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spin.com/2017/02/rihanna-harvard-university-humanitarian-year-award-video/|title=Watch Rihanna Accept Her Harvard University Humanitarian of the Year Award|website=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|accessdate=April 6, 2017|archivedate=2017-04-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407053610/http://www.spin.com/2017/02/rihanna-harvard-university-humanitarian-year-award-video/}}</ref> |} ===Hollywood Music in Media Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !ALiyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hmmawards.com/2015-hmma-winners/|title= 2015 HMMA WINNERS|publisher=[[HMMA]]}}</ref> ||"Dancing in the Dark" ||Best Song - Animated Film | {{won}} |- |2016 |Sledgehammer |Best Song - SciFi/Fantasy Film |Aliteuliwa |} ===IFPI Hong Kong Top Sales Music Award=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo !Marejeo |- ||2006 ||''A Girl Like Me'' ||Ten Best Sales Releases, Foreign | {{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ifpihk.org/hong-kong-top-sales-music-award-presented-01-11/hong-kong-top-sales-music-award-presented/2006|title=List of Ten Best Sales Releases, Foreign|publisher=[[IFPI]]|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://www.ifpihk.org/hong-kong-top-sales-music-award-presented-01-11/hong-kong-top-sales-music-award-presented/2006|archivedate=2016-01-21}}</ref> |} ===iHeartRadio Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="8"| 2014<ref>{{cite web|title=Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Imagine Dragons Lead iHeartRadio Music Awards Nominations|url=http://www.thewrap.com/iheartradio-music-awards-justin-timberlake-rihanna-imagine-dragons|accessdate=5 April 2014|archivedate=2017-03-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313042807/http://www.thewrap.com/iheartradio-music-awards-justin-timberlake-rihanna-imagine-dragons/}}</ref> |rowspan="2"| Rihanna | Artist of the Year | {{Won}} |- | Instagram Award | Aliteuliwa |- | "Stay" <small>(pamoja na [[Mikky Ekko]])</small> |rowspan="2"| Song of the Year | {{won}} |- | "The Monster" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- | "Stay" <small>(pamoja na [[Mikky Ekko]])</small> |rowspan="2"| Best Collaboration | Aliteuliwa |- | "The Monster" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- | "Pour It Up" | Hip Hop/R&B Song of the Year | {{won}} |- | Rihanna | Best Fan Army | {{won}} |- |rowspan="1"| 2016 |"Bitch Better Have My Money" |R&B Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="11"| 2017<ref>{{Rejea habari |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/819406/2017-iheartradio-music-awards-complete-list-of-nominations|work=E! Online |title=2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards: Complete List of Nominations |date=January 3, 2017}}</ref> |rowspan="3"| Rihanna | Female Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | R&B Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Best Fan Army | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"| ''Anti'' | R&B Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | "Too Good" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> | Best Lyrics | Aliteuliwa |- | "Needed Me" |rowspan="2"| R&B Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"| "Work <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> | {{won}} |- | Best Collaboration | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"| Best Music Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"| "This Is What You Came For <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2"|Collaboration of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5"| 2018<ref>https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/awards/8093669/iheartradio-music-awards-2018-nominees-full-list</ref> | rowspan="3"| Wild Thoughts Rihanna (pamoja na [[DJ Khaled]] & [[Bryson Tiller]]) | Aliteuliwa |- | Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Hip-Hop Song of the Year | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2"| Rihanna | Female Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | R&B Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |} ===Japan Gold Disc Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2006<ref>{{cite web|title=The 20th Japan Gold Disc Music Awards 2006|url=http://www.riaj.or.jp/e/data/gdisc/2006.html|work=RIAJ|accessdate=17 April 2013|archive-date=2012-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417220138/http://www.riaj.or.jp/e/data/gdisc/2006.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||Rihanna |International Best New Artist |{{won}} |} ===Juno Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universalmusic.ca/press-releases/rihanna-announces-7th-studio-album-unapologetic-released-mon-nov-19/|title=RIHANNA ANNOUNCES 7TH STUDIO ALBUM UNAPOLOGETIC RELEASED MONDAY, NOVEMBER 19|publisher=Universal Music}}</ref> ||''Good Girl Gone Bad'' |rowspan="3"|Juno Award for International Album of the Year | {{won}} |- ||2012<ref>{{cite web|url=http://junoawards.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/2012-JUNO-Awards-Nominees-List.pdf|title=2012 Juno Awards Nominees|publisher=Juno Awards|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2014-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210356/http://junoawards.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/2012-JUNO-Awards-Nominees-List.pdf}}</ref> ||''Loud'' | Aliteuliwa |- ||2017 ||''ANTI'' | Aliteuliwa |} ===La Chanson de l'année=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2012<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meltybuzz.fr/la-chanson-de-l-annee-2012-garou-bat-rihanna-alicia-keys-ou-m-pokora-twitter-se-revolte-a147994.html|title=SLa Chanson de l'année 2012 : Garou bat Rihanna, Alicia Keys ou M. Pokora, Twitter se révolte !|work=Melty Buzz|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2013-12-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215194359/http://www.meltybuzz.fr/la-chanson-de-l-annee-2012-garou-bat-rihanna-alicia-keys-ou-m-pokora-twitter-se-revolte-a147994.html}}</ref> |"Diamonds" |Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |} ===Latin American Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2016<ref>{{cite web|title=Latin American Music Awards 2016: Complete List of Winners|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/799813/latin-american-music-awards-2016-complete-list-of-winners|accessdate=7 October 2016}}</ref> |"This Is What You Came For" (pamoja na Calvin Harris) |Favorite Dance Song |{{won}} |} ===Los Premios 40 Principales=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2007<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/ediciones-anteriores/| title=Ediciones anteriores| publisher=Premios 40| accessdate=2019-04-05| archivedate=2013-07-15| archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sJjAkE?url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/ediciones-anteriores/}}</ref> |"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Best International Song | {{won}} |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lahiguera.net/musicalia/notidesc.php?noticia=18588| title=NOMINACIONES A LOS PREMIOS 40 PRINCIPALES 2010| publisher=LaHiguera}}</ref> |Rihanna |Best International Artist | ALiteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.tvyespectaculos.com/2011/10/13/lista-de-nominados-a-los-premios-40-principales-2011/| title=Lista de nominados a los Premios 40 Principales 2011| publisher=Los40| accessdate=2019-04-05| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318100111/http://www.tvyespectaculos.com/2011/10/13/lista-de-nominados-a-los-premios-40-principales-2011/| archivedate=2016-03-18}}</ref> | Rihanna | Best International Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |"S&M" |Best International Song |Aliteuliwa |- |2012<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/nominados/| title=Categoría nacional españa| publisher=Los40| accessdate=2019-04-05| archivedate=2012-12-05| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205210328/http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/nominados/}}</ref> |"Talk That Talk" |Best International Album | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan=2|2013<ref>{{cite web|title=Pablo Alborán lidera las nominaciones a los Premios 40 Principales 2013|url=http://www.cadenaser.com/cultura/articulo/pablo-alboran-lidera-nominaciones-premios-principales-2013/csrcsrpor/20131010csrcsrcul_2/Tes|publisher=Cadena SER|accessdate=22 July 2014|archivedate=2014-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811194014/http://www.cadenaser.com/cultura/articulo/pablo-alboran-lidera-nominaciones-premios-principales-2013/csrcsrpor/20131010csrcsrcul_2/Tes}}</ref> |Rihanna |Best International Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |"Unapologetic" |Best International Album |ALiteuliwa |- |} ===Meteor Ireland Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008 |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"|Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- ||2009<ref>{{cite web|title=Meteor Awards 2009 Nominees Revealed|url=http://www.goldenplec.com/meteor-awards-2009-nominees-revealed/|work=Goldenplec|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2012-07-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723125152/http://www.goldenplec.com/meteor-awards-2009-nominees-revealed/}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |} ===MOBO Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2006<ref>{{cite web|title=2006 MOBO Awards - Winners|url=http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/2006MOBOAwards.htm|work=About.com|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2013-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515160854/http://rap.about.com/od/awards/a/2006MOBOAwards.htm}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |Best R&B Artist | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|2007<ref>{{cite news|title=Mobo Awards 2007: Winners in full |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7003572.stm|work=BBC | date=September 19, 2007}}</ref> |Best International Act | {{won}} |- ||"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Best Video | ALiteuliwa |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|title=The MOBO Awards 2008|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/1xtra/events/mobos08.shtml|work=BBC}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |rowspan="4"|Best International Act | ALiteuliwa |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations Announced for the MOBO Awards 2010!|url=http://www.mobo.com/news-blogs/nominations-announced-for-the-mobo-awards-2010|work=MOBO|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714110633/http://www.mobo.com/news-blogs/nominations-announced-for-the-mobo-awards-2010|archivedate=2011-07-14}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |- ||2011<ref>{{cite web|title=MOBO Awards 2011: Winners List In Full|url=http://www.gigwise.com/news/67643/MOBO-Awards-2011-Winners-List-In-full|work=Gigwise}}</ref> | {{Won}} |- ||2012<ref>{{cite web|title=MOBO Awards 2012 - who might win?|url=http://www.mobo.com/news-blogs/mobo-awards-2012-nominees-shortlist-revealed|work=MOBO|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806100337/http://www.mobo.com/news-blogs/mobo-awards-2012-nominees-shortlist-revealed|archivedate=2017-08-06}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |} ===MP3 Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.music-news.com/shownews.asp?nItemID=34972|title=MP3 Awards 2010 Nominations| publisher=Music News}}</ref> ||"Russian Roulette" |The BFV Award | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.craveonline.com/music/articles/179607-kanye-adele-lead-2011-mp3-music-awards-winners| title=Kanye, Adele Lead 2011 MP3 Music Awards Winners| publisher=Crave Online| accessdate=2019-04-05| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120122050718/http://www.craveonline.com/music/articles/179607-kanye-adele-lead-2011-mp3-music-awards-winners| archivedate=2012-01-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/2011-mp3-music-awards.html| title=2011 MP3 Music Awards| publisher=Metro Lyrics| accessdate=2019-04-05| archivedate=2013-05-24| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524171312/http://www.metrolyrics.com/2011-mp3-music-awards.html}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|"All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]])</small> |The HRR Award | {{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|"Cheers (Drink to That)" |The BFV Award | Aliteuliwa |- |} === MTV Movie Awards === {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2014<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/mtv-movie-awards-2014-winners-list-in-full-as-hunger-games-catching-fire-sweeps-the-board-9258401.html|title=MTV Movie Awards 2014: Winners list in full as Hunger Games Catching Fire sweeps the board|date=14 April 2014|work=The Independent |accessdate=15 April 2014}}</ref> |''This Is The End'' | MTV Movie Award for Best Cameo |{{Won}} |} ===MTV Video Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2006<ref>{{cite web|title=2006 MTV Video Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2006/categories.jhtml|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2020-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090659/http://www.mtv.com/vma|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"SOS" |MTV Video Music Award – Viewer's Choice | Aliteuliwa |- |MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|2007<ref>{{cite web|title=2007 MTV Video Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2007/categories.jhtml|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2020-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090659/http://www.mtv.com/vma|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Mwenyewe |[TV Video Music Award for Best Female Video |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja [[Jay-Z]])</small> |MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year | {{won}} |- |MTV Video Music Award for Monster Single of the Year | {{won}} |- |MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2008<ref>{{cite web|title=2008 MTV Video Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2008/categories.jhtml|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2012-09-06|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2008/categories.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Take a Bow" |Best Female Video | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Direction | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2009 |rowspan="1"|"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> |Best Male Video | {{won}} |- |2010<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 MTV Video Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2010/categories.jhtml|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2010-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805164045/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2010/categories.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> |"Rude Boy" |MTV Video Music Award for Best Editing | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="8"|2011 |rowspan="4"|"Love the Way You Lie"<small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Best Male Video |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Cinematography |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Direction |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Video with a Message |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4=|"All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]] & Kid Cudi)</small> |Best Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Editing |ALiteuliwa |- |Best Hip-Hop Video |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Male Video |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="11"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 MTV Video Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2012/categories.jhtml|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2013-03-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130328110059/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2012/categories.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Princess of China" <small>(w/ [[Coldplay]])</small> |Best Editing | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Direction | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|"Take Care" <small>(pamoja na Drake)</small> | Best Male Video | Aliteuliwa |- | Best Art Direction | Aliteuliwa |- | Best Cinematography | Aliteuliwa |- | Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"Where Have You Been" |MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography | Aliteuliwa |- |MTV Video Music Award for Best Visual Effects | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|"We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Video of the Year |{{won}} |- |MTV Video Music Award for Best Pop Video |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|Best Female Video |ALiteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2013<ref>{{cite web|title=2013 MTV Video Music Awards Nominations|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2013/categories.jhtml|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2013-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719014700/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2013/categories.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|"Stay" <small>(pamoja na [[Mikky Ekko]])</small> |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2014 |rowspan="3"|"The Monster" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Best Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Direction |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Male Video |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2015<ref>{{cite web|title=2015 MTV Video Music Awards Nominations|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2015|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2016-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608234905/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2015/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|"American Oxygen" |Best Video With A Social Message |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" |2016 |rowspan='2'|"[[Work" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> | Best Female Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan='2'| Best Collaboration |ALiteuliwa |- |rowspan='2'| "This Is What You Came For" <small> (pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- | Best Male Video | {{won}} |- | Mwenyewe | Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award | {{won}} |- |rowspan="4" |2017 | rowspan="4" |"Wild Thoughts" <small>(pamoja na [[DJ Khaled]] & [[Bryson Tiller]])</small> |Best Collaboration | Aliteuliwa |- |Video of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Art Direction |Aliteuliwa |- |Song of the Summer |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2" |2018 |rowspan="2" |"Lemon" <small>(pamoja na [[N.E.R.D.]])</small> |Best Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Editing |{{won}} |} ===MTV Video Music Awards Japan=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=NeYo, Beyonce Earn MTV Video Music Awards Japan Nominations|url=http://singersroom.com/content/2009-03-19/neyo-beyonce-earn-mtv-video-music-awards-japan-nominations/amp/|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2020-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090659/http://singersroom.com/content/2009-03-19/neyo-beyonce-earn-mtv-video-music-awards-japan-nominations/amp/}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> |Best Hip-Hop Video | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Collaboration | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2010<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV World Stage VMAJ 2010|url=http://ohnotheydidnt.livejournal.com/45512340.html}}</ref> |"Russian Roulette" |Best Female Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV reveals nominees for "MTV VIDEO MUSIC AID JAPAN"|url=http://www.tokyohive.com/article/2011/04/mtv-reveals-nominees-for-mtv-video-music-aid-japan/|work=Tokyohive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=ANNOUNCING THE WINNERS OF THIS YEAR'S MTV VMAJs|url=http://www.mtvjapan.com/vmaj2011/en/blog/|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118013826/http://www.mtvjapan.com/vmaj2011/en/blog/|archivedate=2015-01-18}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Only Girl (In The World)" |Best Female Video | Aliteuliwa |- |Best R&B Video | {{won}} |- |"Love The Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Best Collaboration Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=Award show to be held on Saturday June 23, 2012 at Makuhari Messe in Chiba Prefecture, Japan|url=http://www.mtvasia.com/news/vmaj-2012-nominees-announced|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://www.mtvasia.com/news/vmaj-2012-nominees-announced}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"We Found Love" <small>(feat. [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Best Female Video - International | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Pop Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2013<ref>{{cite web|title=Bruno Mars, FUN., One Direction, Taylor Swift and Kana Nishino lead with three nominations each|url=http://www.mtvasia.com/news/mtv-japan-unveils-mtv-vmaj-2013-nominations|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2017-02-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221030512/http://www.mtvasia.com/news/mtv-japan-unveils-mtv-vmaj-2013-nominations}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Diamonds" |Best Female Video - International | Aliteuliwa |- |Best R&B Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominees Announced for the MTV Video Music Awards Japan 2016|url=http://aramajapan.com/news/tvmovie/musicaward-show/nominees-announced-for-the-mtv-video-music-awards-japan-2016/63199/|accessdate=7 October 2016}}</ref> |Work <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (entertainer)|Drake]]) |Best Female Video - International | Aliteuliwa |- |ANTI |Album of the Year - International | Aliteuliwa |- |This Is What You Came For <small>(pamoja na Calvin Harris) |Best Dance Video | Aliteuliwa |} ===MTV Europe Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="1"|2005<ref>{{cite web|title=Madonna and Robbie sing for stars at MTV Awards|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-367456/Madonna-Robbie-sing-stars-MTV-Awards.html|work=Dailymail}}</ref> |Rihanna |Best New Act |{{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|2006<ref>{{cite web|title=Red Hot Chili Peppers Lead MTV Europe Awards Nominations|url=http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news/22479/red-hot-chili-peppers-lead-mtv-europe-awards-nominations|work=Entertainmentwise|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610120153/http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news/22479/Red-Hot-Chili-Peppers-Lead-MTV-Europe-Awards-Nominations|archivedate=2012-06-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kanye West sore loser at MTV Europe Awards|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2006-11-02-europe-mtv-awards_x.htm|work=USA Today}}</ref> |Rihanna |Best R&B |{{won}} |- |"SOS" |Best Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2007<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV EMA nominations revealed.|url=http://ohnotheydidnt.livejournal.com/15761839.html|work=ONTD}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amy Winehouse wins at the MTV Europe Music Awards|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/3668974/Amy-Winehouse-wins-at-the-MTV-Europe-Music-Awards.html|work=Telegraph}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |Ultimate Urban |{{won}} |- |Best Solo |Aliteuliwa |- |"Umbrella"<small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Most Addictive Track |Aliteuliwa |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV Europe Music Awards 2008 Nominees|url=http://www.musicloversgroup.com/mtv-europe-music-awards-2008-nominees/|work=Music Lovers Group}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Act of 2008 | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2010<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 MTV Europe Music Awards Winners|url=http://www.musicloversgroup.com/2010-mtv-europe-music-awards-winners/|work=Music Lovers Group}}</ref> ||"Rude Boy" |rowspan="2"|Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- |Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Best Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|Best Pop Artist | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV EMAs - winners in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a349429/mtv-emas-winners-in-full.html|work=[[Digital Spy]]|date=November 6, 2011|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2015-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924145350/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a349429/mtv-emas-winners-in-full.html}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="8"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV Europe Music Awards 2012 - the winners in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a437333/mtv-europe-music-awards-2012-the-winners-in-full.html|work=[[Digital Spy]]|date=November 11, 2012|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2015-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924152442/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a437333/mtv-europe-music-awards-2012-the-winners-in-full.html}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"We Found Love" <small>(feat. [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Best Video | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="6"|Rihanna |Best Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Pop Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Look | Aliteuliwa |- |Biggest Fans | Aliteuliwa |- |Worldwide Act | Aliteuliwa |- |Best North American Act | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|2013<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV EMAs 2013: Nominations List|url=http://www.capitalfm.com/music-news/mtv-emas-2013-nominations-list/|work=Capital FM}}</ref> | rowspan="1"| "Diamonds" | Best Song | {{nom}} |- | rowspan="1"| Rihanna |Best Look | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2014<ref>{{cite web|title=Madonna and Robbie sing for stars at MTV Awards|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1931931/2014-mtv-ema-nominations/|work=MTV|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2015-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701124745/http://www.mtv.com/news/1931931/2014-mtv-ema-nominations/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |"The Monster" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Best Song |{{nom}} |- |rowspan="1"|2015<ref>{{cite web |title=MTV EMA 2015 Winners |url=http://tv.mtvema.com/winners |work=MTV |accessdate=2019-04-05 |archivedate=2014-07-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716104709/http://tv.mtvema.com/winners }}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"|Best Female |{{won}} |- |rowspan="4"|2016 |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Pop |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Look |Aliteuliwa |- |"Work"<small> (pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> |Best Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1" |2017 | rowspan="1" |"Wild Thoughts" (pamoja na [[DJ Khaled]] & [[Bryson Tiller]]) |Best Song | Aliteuliwa |} ===MTV Africa Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|title=Mtv Africa Music Awards 2008 - Music/Radio - Nairaland|url=http://www.nairaland.com/178998/mtv-africa-music-awards-2008|work=Nairaland|accessdate=October 4, 2008}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Best R&B Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV Africa Music Awards nominations announced - Vote now|url=http://www.thisisafrica.me/music/detail/1128/mtv-africa-music-awards-nominations-announced-vote-now|work=This Is Africa|accessdate=November 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109154000/http://www.thisisafrica.me/music/detail/1128/mtv-africa-music-awards-nominations-announced-vote-now|archivedate=2013-11-09}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|Best International Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||2014<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mtvbase.com/news/2014-mama-best-international-nominees-revealed/ | title=MTV News - 2014 MAMA Best International Nominees Revealed! | publisher=[[MTV Base]] | date=28 May 2014 | accessdate=28 May 2014 | archivedate=2014-11-15 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115111819/http://www.mtvbase.com/news/2014-mama-best-international-nominees-revealed/ }}</ref> |Aliteuliwa |- ||2016<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.okayafrica.com/in-brief/mtv-africa-music-awards-2016-nominees-mtvmama2016/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2017-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824092500/http://www.okayafrica.com/in-brief/mtv-africa-music-awards-2016-nominees-mtvmama2016/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Aliteuliwa |} ===MTV Video Music Brasil=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2012 |Rihanna |Best International Artist |Aliteuliwa |} ===MTV Platinum Video Plays Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- | rowspan="3" align:center;"| 2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna and Lady Gaga Lead 2010 MTV Video Play Awards|url=http://www.antimusic.com/news/11/feb/02Rihanna_and_Lady_Gaga_Lead_2010_MTV_Video_Play_Awards.shtml|work=Anti Music|accessdate=February 2, 2011}}</ref> | "Rude Boy" | Double Platinum | {{won}} |- | "Russian Roulette" | Platinum | {{won}} |- | "Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> | Double Platinum | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align:center;"| 2012<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV Video Play Awards: Check Out Which Artist is Most Played|url=http://www.beirutnightlife.com/music/artists/mtv-video-play-awards-check-artist-played/|work=Beirut Night Life|accessdate=February 13, 2012}}</ref> | "What's My Name?" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (Canadian rapper)|Drake]])</small> |Double Platinum | {{won}} |- | "Who's That Chick?" <small>(pamoja na [[David Guetta]])</small> |rowspan="2"|Platinum | {{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align:center;"| 2013<ref>{{cite web|title=MTV honours most-played music videos of 2012|url=http://www.musicweek.com/news/read/mtv-honours-most-played-music-videos-of-2012/053570|work=Musicweek|accessdate=February 13, 2013}}</ref> |"Princess of China" <small>(pamoja na [[Coldplay]])</small> | {{won}} |- | "We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |rowspan="2"|Double Platinum | {{won}} |- | "Where Have You Been" | {{won}} |} ===MTV O Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="4"|2011 |Rihanna Navy |Fan Army FTW | Aliteuliwa |- |"Shy Ronnie 2: Ronnie & Clyde" <small> (pamoja na [[The Lonely Island]]) </small> |Funniest Music Short | Aliteuliwa |- |"F**K Yeah Rihanna" |F**K Yeah Tumblr | Aliteuliwa |- |"Catfight" <small> (pamoja na [[Katy Perry]]) </small> |Favorite Animated GIF | Aliteuliwa |- |} ===mtvU Woodie Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2012<ref>{{cite web|title=mtvU Woodie Awards - 2012|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/woodieawards/2012/|work=MTV|accessdate=March 18, 2013|archive-date=2013-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130304225113/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/woodieawards/2012/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||"We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |EDM Effect Woodie | {{won}} |} ===MTV Millennial Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2014 |Rihanna |Celebrity without filter on Instagrammer | Aliteuliwa |- |2016 |"Work" (pamoja na Drake) |International Hit of the Year | {{won}} |- |2017 |"This is What You Came From" (pamoja na Calvin Harris) |Collaboration of the Year | ALiteuliwa |- ||2018<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtvla.com/mx/mtv-miaw/noticias/flor-vigna-mica-viciconte-mica-suarez-lali-y-mas-argentinos-nominados-a-los-premios-mtv-miaw-2018|title=MTV Millennial 2018: nominations|date=18 April 2018|accessdate=21 April 2018|archive-date=2018-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020103318/http://www.mtvla.com/mx/mtv-miaw/noticias/flor-vigna-mica-viciconte-mica-suarez-lali-y-mas-argentinos-nominados-a-los-premios-mtv-miaw-2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Global Instagrammer | Aliteuliwa |} ===MTV Italian Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- | rowspan="2"| 2007 | rowspan="1" | Rihanna |First Lady |Aliteuliwa |- | "Umbrella" | Best Number One of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3"| 2011 | rowspan="8" | Rihanna |Hot&Sexy Awards |Aliteuliwa |- | Too Much Awards |Aliteuliwa |- |Wonder Woman |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"| 2012 |Wonder Woman |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2"| 2013 |Wonder Woman |Aliteuliwa |- |Instavip |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3"| 2014 |Best Look |Aliteuliwa |- |Artist Saga |Aliteuliwa |- | Can't Remember To Forget You ft [[Shakira]] | Best Video |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3"| 2015 | rowspan="9" | Rihanna |Best Look |{{won}} |- |Artist Saga |Aliteuliwa |- |#MTVAwardsStar |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" | 2016 |Best International Female |Aliteuliwa |- |Artist Saga |Aliteuliwa |- |#MTVAwardsStar |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" | 2017<ref>{{cite web|url=mtvawards.mtv.it/vincitori-2017}}</ref> |Best Look and Smile | {{won}} |- | Artist Saga |Aliteuliwa |- |#MTVAwardsStar |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===MuchMusic Video Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2006<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/2006-muchmusic-video-awards.html| title=2006 MuchMusic Video Awards| publisher=Metro Lyrics| accessdate=2019-04-05| archivedate=2013-06-16| archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130616023219/http://www.metrolyrics.com/2006-muchmusic-video-awards.html}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"SOS" |International Video of the Year - Artist | {{won}} |- |UR Fave International Artist/Group | Aliteuliwa |- ||2007<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/2007-muchmusic-video-awards.html| title=2007 MuchMusic Video Awards| publisher=Metro Lyrics| accessdate=2019-04-05| archivedate=2013-06-02| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602150233/http://www.metrolyrics.com/2007-muchmusic-video-awards.html}}</ref> ||"Umbrella" <small>(feat. [[Jay-Z]])</small> |rowspan="2"|International Video of the Year - Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2008<ref>{{cite web | url=http://singersroom.com/content/2008-06-17/Is-Rihannas-Umbrella-2007s-Most-Watched-Video/|title=Is Rihanna's Umbrella 2007's Most Watched Video?| publisher=Singersroom}}</ref> ||"Don't Stop the Music" | {{won}} |- ||"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Most Watched Video | {{won}} |- ||"Don't Stop The Music" |UR Fave International Artist/Group | Aliteuliwa |- ||2009 ||"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> |rowspan="2"|International Video of the Year - Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web| url=http://oceanup.com/2010/05/18/much-music-video-awards-2010-nominees| title=Much Music Video Awards 2010 Nominees| publisher=Ocean Up| accessdate=2019-04-05| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014233232/http://oceanup.com/2010/05/18/much-music-video-awards-2010-nominees| archivedate=2013-10-14}}</ref> ||"Rude Boy" | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="6"|2011<ref>{{cite web| url=http://entertainment.ca.msn.com/music/features/2011-muchmusic-video-awards-nominees-revealed| title=2011 MuchMusic Video Awards nominees revealed| publisher=MSN| accessdate=2019-04-05| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109211608/http://entertainment.ca.msn.com/music/features/2011-muchmusic-video-awards-nominees-revealed| archivedate=2013-11-09| =https://web.archive.org/web/20131109211608/http://entertainment.ca.msn.com/music/features/2011-muchmusic-video-awards-nominees-revealed}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Most Watched Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |International Video of the Year - Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |UR Fave International Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"Only Girl (In the World)" |International Video of the Year - Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Most Watched Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Who's That Chick?" <small>(pamoja na [[David Guetta]])</small> |rowspan="2"|International Video of the Year - Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2012<ref>{{cite web | url=http://singersroom.com/content/2012-05-16/Chris-Brown-Nicki-Minaj-Rihanna-among-2012-Much-Music-Nominees/#ixzz1v8DNrR26|title=Chris Brown, Nicki Minaj, Rihanna Among 2012 Much Music Nominees| publisher=Singersroom}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- |UR Fave International Artist/Group | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Take Care" <small>(w/ [[Drake (Canadian rapper)|Drake]])</small> |International Video of the Year by a Canadian | Aliteuliwa |- |2013<ref>{{cite web| url=http://oceanup.com/2013/may/22/muchmusic-video-awards-2013-nominees| title=MuchMusic Video Awards 2013 Nominees| publisher=Ocean Up| accessdate=2019-04-05| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623113201/http://oceanup.com/2013/may/22/muchmusic-video-awards-2013-nominees| archivedate=2013-06-23}}</ref> |"Diamonds" |International Video of the Year - Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2016 |rowspan="2"|"[[Work (Rihanna song)|Work]]" |iHeartRadio International Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Most Buzzworthy International Artist or Group |Aliteuliwa |} ===MYX Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.myxph.com/features/1782/myx-music-awards-2011-winners/ |title=MYX Music Awards 2011 Winners |publisher=MyX Music Awards |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306034711/http://myxph.com/features/1782/myx-music-awards-2011-winners |archivedate=2016-03-06 |df= }}</ref> ||"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(w/ [[Eminem]])</small> |Favorite International Video | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2013 ||"Right Now" <small>(ft. David Guetta)</small> |Favorite International Video | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Diamonds" |Favorite R&B Video | {{won}} |} ===NAACP Image Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|title=39th NAACP Image Awards Show 2008|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/39th-naacp-image-awards-show-2008-906733.html?cat=7|work=Yahoo!|accessdate=February 14, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121223070935/http://voices.yahoo.com/39th-naacp-image-awards-show-2008-906733.html?cat=7|archivedate=2012-12-23}}</ref> ||"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Outstanding Song | Aliteuliwa |- ||2009<ref>{{cite news|title=Chris Brown and Rihanna both up for NAACP Image Awards|url=http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2009/02/chris-brown-and.html|work=LA Times|accessdate=February 10, 2009|date=February 10, 2009|archivedate=2017-03-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312194640/http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2009/02/chris-brown-and.html}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"| Outstanding Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2010<ref>{{cite web|title='Precious,' Jay-Z, Rihanna and Sandra Bullock headline NAACP Image Awards nods|url=http://www.hitfix.com/articles/precious-jay-z-alicia-keys-and-sandra-bullock-headline-naacp-image-awards-nods|work=Hit Fix|accessdate=January 6, 2010|archive-date=2016-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://www.hitfix.com/articles/precious-jay-z-alicia-keys-and-sandra-bullock-headline-naacp-image-awards-nods|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Aliteuliwa |- | "Run This Town"<small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> | Outstanding Duo or Group | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna, Kanye West Nominated for 42nd NAACP Image Awards|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2011/01/12/rihanna-kanye-west-nominated-for-42nd-naacp-image-awards/|work=Rap-Up|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824011800/http://www.rap-up.com/2011/01/12/rihanna-kanye-west-nominated-for-42nd-naacp-image-awards/|archivedate=2017-08-24|accessdate=2019-04-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||Rihanna | Outstanding Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Outstanding Duo, Group or Collaboration | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2018 | "[[Loyalty (Kendrick Lamar song)|LOYALTY.]]"<small>(w/ [[Kendrick Lamar]])</small> |Outstanding Duo, Group or Collaboration | {{won}} |- |} ===NME Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|title=Shockwaves NME Awards 2008: Kylie Minogue voted Sexiest Woman|url=http://www.nme.com/news/nme-awards/34782|work=NME|accessdate=February 28, 2008}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Sexiest Woman | Aliteuliwa |} ===NRJ Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2007<ref>{{cite web|title=Nommés des NRJ Music Awards 2007|url=http://www.toutelatele.com/nommes-des-nrj-music-awards-2007-5106|work=toutelatele|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2020-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090713/https://www.toutelatele.com/nommes-des-nrj-music-awards-2007-5106}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Palmarès des NRJ Music Awards 2007|url=http://www.toutelatele.com/palmares-des-nrj-music-awards-2007-6006|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2020-12-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204143402/https://www.toutelatele.com/palmares-des-nrj-music-awards-2007-6006}}</ref> ||Rihanna |International Revelation of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Unfaithful" |rowspan="2"|Best International Song | {{won}} |- |rowspan="3"|2008<ref>{{cite web|title=NRJ Music Awards 2008 : tous les nommés|url=http://www.toutelatele.com/nrj-music-awards-2008-tous-les-nommes-8694}}</ref> ||"Don't Stop the Music" | {{won}} |- ||''Good Girl Gone Bad'' |Best International Album | Aliteuliwa |- ||Rihanna |Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=NRJ music awards 2009: mistake on the winner name!|url=http://www.citizenside.com/en/photos/people/2009-01-17/12234/nrj-music-awards-2009-mistake-on-the-winner-name.html#f=0/63728|work=Citizen Side|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://www.citizenside.com/en/photos/people/2009-01-17/12234/nrj-music-awards-2009-mistake-on-the-winner-name.html#f=0/63728}}</ref> ||"Disturbia" |Best International Song | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"|Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- ||2010<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna, Beyonce Top NRJ Music Award Winners|url=http://singersroom.com/content/2010-01-25/Rihanna-Beyonce-Top-NRJ-Music-Award-Winners/|work=Singersroom}}</ref> | {{won}} |- |rowspan="4"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=NRJ Music Awards 2011 : les nominations, Lady Gaga déjà favorite|url=http://www.staragora.com/news/nrj-music-awards-2011-les-nominations-lady-gaga-deja-favorite/409758|work=Staragora}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(w/ [[Eminem]])</small> |Best International Song | Aliteuliwa |- |Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- ||Rihanna |Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- ||Rihanna & Eminem |Best International Duo | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 NRJ Music Awards|url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/2012-nrj-music-awards.html|work=Metro Lyrics|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2013-07-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717015351/http://www.metrolyrics.com/2012-nrj-music-awards.html}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best International Female | {{won}} |- ||"We Found Love" <small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Best International Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2013 <ref>{{cite web|title=2013 NRJ Music Awards|url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/2013-nrj-music-awards.html|work=Metro Lyrics|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2013-06-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130629235328/http://www.metrolyrics.com/2013-nrj-music-awards.html}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best International Female | {{won}} |- ||"Diamonds" |Best International Song | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Where Have You Been" |Video Of The Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2013 (15th Edition)<ref>{{cite web|title=Katy Perry et Maître Gims : la star américaine et le Wati-boy confirment leur présence à la 15e édition des NRJ Music Awards !|url=http://www.public.fr/News/Katy-Perry-et-Maitre-Gims-la-star-americaine-et-le-Wati-boy-confirment-leur-presence-a-la-15e-edition-des-NRJ-Music-Awards-459383.amp|work=Public|accessdate=2019-04-05|archive-date=2020-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090715/https://amp.public.fr/News/Katy-Perry-et-Maitre-Gims-la-star-americaine-et-le-Wati-boy-confirment-leur-presence-a-la-15e-edition-des-NRJ-Music-Awards-459383|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2015 ||Rihanna |Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=NRJ Music Awards 2016 : La liste des nommés|url=http://www.ozap.com/actu/nrj-music-awards-2016-la-liste-des-nommes/508061|work=Ozap}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best International Female | Aliteuliwa |- ||Rihanna & Calvin Harris |Best International Duo | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Work" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> |Video Of The Year | Aliteuliwa |} ===Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=2009 Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards Nominees List Released; Fans Will Vote on Finalists|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/2009-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-nominees-list-2622794.html?cat=33|work=Yahoo!|accessdate=February 6, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529191346/http://voices.yahoo.com/2009-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-nominees-list-2622794.html?cat=33|archivedate=2013-05-29}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Favorite Female Singer | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Don't Stop the Music" |Favorite Song | Aliteuliwa |- |2017 ||Rihanna |Favorite Female Singer | Aliteuliwa |- | 2019 || Rihanna |Best Movie Actress kwenye filamu ya Oceans 8 | Aliteuliwa |} ===Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2006<ref>{{cite web|title=Prepare To Be Slimed…As The Australian Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards Nominees Are Announced!|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=85242&p=irol-newsArticle_pf&ID=1014006&highlight=|work=Viacom|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=85242&p=irol-newsArticle_pf&ID=1014006&highlight=|archivedate=2016-01-21}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Favorite International Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||2007<ref>{{cite web|title=Voting Open for Nickelodeon's Australian Kids' Choice Awards 2007|url=http://www.nickkcapress.com/2007KCA/aus/Voting%20Open%20140807.pdf|work=Nickk Capress|accessdate=August 14, 2007|archivedate=2017-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220235956/http://www.nickkcapress.com/2007KCA/aus/Voting%20Open%20140807.pdf}}</ref> ||"Umbrella" <small>(feat. [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Favorite Song | Aliteuliwa |- ||2008 ||Rihanna |Favorite International Artist | Aliteuliwa |} ===Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards UK=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2007<ref>{{cite web|title=In full: Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards UK nominees|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a68524/in-full-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-uk-nominees.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=July 30, 2007|archivedate=2015-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610223055/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a68524/in-full-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-uk-nominees.html}}</ref> ||"Umbrella" <small>(feat. [[Jay-Z]])</small> |MTV Hits Best Music Video | Aliteuliwa |} ===Premios Oye!=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2013<ref name="Oye!">{{cite web|url=http://musica.terra.com.mx/lista-completa-de-los-ganadores-de-premios-oye-2013,f6081cb49b2be310VgnVCM5000009ccceb0aRCRD.html|title=Lista completa de los ganadores de Premios Oye! 2013|access-date=10 April 2014|last=Rojas|first=Miriam|date=17 May 2013|work=Terra.com.mx|publisher=Telefónica S.A.}}</ref> ||"Diamonds" |English Song of the Year | {{won}} |- |} ===People's Choice Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008<ref>{{cite web|title=2008 People's Choice Awards Goes on in Spite of the Writer's Strike|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/2008-peoples-choice-awards-goes-spite-the-791257.html?cat=33|work=Yahoo!|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130615214912/http://voices.yahoo.com/2008-peoples-choice-awards-goes-spite-the-791257.html?cat=33|archivedate=2013-06-15}}</ref> ||"Shut Up and Drive" |Favorite R&B Song | {{won}} |- |rowspan="3"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=People's Choice Awards 2009 Nominees|url=http://www.peopleschoice.com/pca/awards/nominees/index.jsp?year=2009|work=Digital Spy}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Favorite Female Singer | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Disturbia" |Favorite Pop Song | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Take a Bow" |Favorite R&B Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2010<ref>{{cite web|title=People's Choice Awards 2010: The Winners|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a194568/peoples-choice-awards-2010-the-winners.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=January 7, 2010|archivedate=2015-02-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210100126/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a194568/peoples-choice-awards-2010-the-winners.html}}</ref> ||"Run This Town" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]] & [[Kanye West]])</small> |rowspan="2"|Favorite Music Collaboration | {{won}} |- ||"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=People's People's Choice Awards 2011: The Winners|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a296264/peoples-choice-awards-2011-the-winners.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=January 6, 2011|archivedate=2011-12-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111219135503/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a296264/peoples-choice-awards-2011-the-winners.html}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Favorite Pop Artist | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja [[Eminem]])</small> |Favorite Music Video | {{won}} |- |Favorite Song | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=People's Choice Awards 2012: The winners in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a359235/peoples-choice-awards-2012-the-winners-in-full.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=January 12, 2012|archivedate=2012-01-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113012453/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a359235/peoples-choice-awards-2012-the-winners-in-full.html}}</ref> |rowspan="7"|Rihanna |Favorite Pop Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|Favorite R&B Artist | {{won}} |- |2013<ref>{{cite web|title=People's Choice Awards 2013: The winners and nominees in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a448890/peoples-choice-awards-2013-the-winners-and-nominees-in-full.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=January 10, 2013|archivedate=2015-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924172534/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a448890/peoples-choice-awards-2013-the-winners-and-nominees-in-full.html}}</ref> | {{won}} |- |2014 | Aliteuliwa |- |2015 | Favorite Animated Movie Voice | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|2017 | Favorite Female Singer | Aliteuliwa |- | Favorite R&B Artist | {{won}} |- | "Work" | Favorite Song | Aliteuliwa |- | ''Anti'' | Favorite Album | Aliteuliwa |} ===Radio Disney Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2006<ref>{{cite web|title=Vote for the Radio Disney Awards!!!|url=http://www.shineon-media.com/2006/11/16/vote-for-the-radio-disney-awards|work=shine on media|date=April 21, 2014}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best Female Singer | Aliteuliwa |- ||"SOS" |Best Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|[[2017 Radio Disney Music Awards|2017]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Radio disney music awards 2017 nominations|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/833663/radio-disney-music-awards-2017-complete-list-of-nominations/|work=e online|date= March 21, 2017}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|"[[Work (Rihanna song)|Work]]"<small> (with [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> | Best Song to Lip Sync to | {{won}} |} ===Soul Train Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2010<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Soul Train Awards|url=http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2010-Soul-Train-Awards.htm|work=About.com|accessdate=November 29, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809212430/http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2010-Soul-Train-Awards.htm|archivedate=2017-08-09}}</ref> |"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(w/ [[Eminem]])</small> |Best Hip-Hop Song of the Year | {{won}} |- |"Rude Boy" |Best R&B Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 Soul Train Awards|url=http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2011-Soul-Train-Awards.htm|work=About.com|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093627/http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2011-Soul-Train-Awards.htm|archivedate=2015-04-02}}</ref> |"Man Down" |Best Caribbean Performance | {{won}} |- |"Only Girl (In the World)"/"What's My Name?" |Best Dance Performance | Aliteuliwa |- |"All of the Lights" <small>(pamoja na [[Kanye West]])</small> |Best Hip-Hop Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |2012<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 Soul Train Awards|url=http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2012-Soul-Train-Awards.htm|work=About.com|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2016-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121183050/http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2012-Soul-Train-Awards.htm}}</ref> |"Where Have You Been" |Best Dance Performance | Aliteuliwa |- | 2015<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kennedy|first1=Gerrick D.|title=The Weeknd, Bruno Mars lead Soul Train Awards nominations|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-the-weeknd-bruno-mars-lead-soul-train-awards-nominations-20151016-story.html|website=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=17 October 2015}}</ref> | "Bitch Better Have My Money" | Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="7"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=Drake leads Soul Train Awards 2016 nominations|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2016/10/12/drake-leads-soul-train-awards-2016-nominations/|website=Rap-Up.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200525191235/https://www.rap-up.com/2016/10/12/drake-leads-soul-train-awards-2016-nominations/|archivedate=2020-05-25|accessdate=2019-04-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Rihanna |Best R&B/Soul Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|"Work"<small> (pamoja na [[Drake (musician)|Drake]])</small> |Best Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Dance Performance |Aliteuliwa |- |Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|"Needed Me" |The Ashford & Simpson's Songwriting Award |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|''Anti'' |Album/Mixtape of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2017<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8005601/soul-train-awards-2017-nominees-solange-bruno-mars-bet|title=Soul Train Music Awards 2017 - Nominees|publisher=Billboard}}</ref> |rowspan="5"|"[[Wild Thoughts]]"<small> (with [[DJ Khaled]] & [[Bryson Tiller]])</small> |Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Hip-Hop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Dance Performance |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Collaboration |{{won}} |- |} ===Swiss Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2008<ref>{{cite web|title=2009 "Swiss Grammys" spotlight local musicians|url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/archive/Swiss_Grammys_spotlight_local_musicians.html?cid=6467566|work=Swiss Info|accessdate=February 28, 2008|archivedate=2013-12-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224173002/http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/archive/Swiss_Grammys_spotlight_local_musicians.html?cid=6467566}}</ref> |"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |International Song | {{won}} |- |} ===Teen Choice Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |2005<ref>{{cite news|title=Teen Choice Awards |url=http://www.fox.com/tca2005/nominees.htm |work=Fox |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060108193620/http://www.fox.com/tca2005/nominees.htm |archivedate=2006-01-08 |df= }}</ref> |Pon De Replay |Choice: Summer Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="7"|2006<ref>{{cite news|title=List of Teen Choice Awards winners|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2006-08-20-teen-choice-winners_x.htm|work=USA Today|accessdate=March 30, 2015}}</ref> |rowspan="5"|Rihanna |Choice Music: R&B Artist | {{won}} |- |Choice Music: Breakout Artist Female | {{won}} |- |Choice Miscellaneous: Female Hottie | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice: Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice: V Cast Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |SOS |Choice: Music Single | Aliteuliwa |- |Unfaithful |Choice: Summer Song | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="6"|2007<ref>{{cite news|title=Teen Choice Awards Pirates|url=http://www.cinemablend.com/new/Teen-Choice-Awards-Pirates-6194.html|work=Cinema Blend|accessdate=March 30, 2015}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Choice Music: R&B Artist | {{won}} |- |Choice Female Hottie | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Summer Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Umbrella" <small>(pamoja na [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Choice Music: Single | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Shut Up And Drive" |Choice Music: Song of the Summer | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|2008<ref>{{cite news|title=2008 Teen Choice Awards winners and nominees|url=http://theenvelope.latimes.com/env-2008-teen-choice-awards-scorecard17jun17,0,2603341.htmlstory|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=June 16, 2012|date=June 17, 2012}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Choice Music: R&B Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Female Hottie | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Don't Stop the Music" |Choice Music: Single | Aliteuliwa |- ||2009<ref>{{cite news|title=Teen Choice Awards 2009 nominees|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/awards/2009/06/teen-choice-awards-2009-nominees.html|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=June 25, 2009|date=June 15, 2009}}</ref> ||"Live Your Life" <small>(pamoja na [[T.I.]])</small> |Choice Music: Hook Up | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|2010<ref>14 June 2010. [http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2010/06/14/teen-choice-awards-2010-nominees/ Teen Choice Awards 2010: First Round Of Nominees Announced] {{Wayback|url=http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2010/06/14/teen-choice-awards-2010-nominees/ |date=20100616211009 }}</ref><ref>28 June 2010. [http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2010/06/28/teen-choice-2010-nominees/ Teen Choice Awards 2010: Second (Giant) Wave Of Nominees Announced!] {{Wayback|url=http://hollywoodcrush.mtv.com/2010/06/28/teen-choice-2010-nominees/ |date=20120918003013 }}</ref> ||Rihanna |Choice Music: R&B Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||''Rated R'' |Choice Album R&B | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Eminem]])</small> |Choice Music: Rap/Hip-Hop Track | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |Choice Summer: Summer Music Star - Female | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Teen Choice Awards 2011 Winners, Nominations List|url=http://www.shallownation.com/2011/08/04/teen-choice-awards-2011-winners-nominations-list/|work=Shallow Nation|accessdate=August 4, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730210719/http://www.shallownation.com/2011/08/04/teen-choice-awards-2011-winners-nominations-list/|archivedate=2017-07-30}}</ref> |Choice Music: Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- ||"All of The Lights" <small>(w/ [[Kanye West]])</small> |Choice Music: R&B/Hip-Hop Track | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="6"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=Teen Choice Awards 2012: First wave nominees in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a382471/teen-choice-awards-2012-first-wave-nominees-in-full.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=May 18, 2012|archivedate=2012-06-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616101128/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a382471/teen-choice-awards-2012-first-wave-nominees-in-full.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Teen Choice Awards 2012: Second wave nominations in full|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a387458/teen-choice-awards-2012-second-wave-nominations-in-full.html|work=Digital Spy|accessdate=June 15, 2012|archivedate=2012-06-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616073919/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a387458/teen-choice-awards-2012-second-wave-nominations-in-full.html}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Choice Music: Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Fashion: Female Hottie | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Summer Music Star: Female | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Movie: Breakout Female {{small|(kwenye filamu ya ''Battleship'')}} | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|"Take Care" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (Canadian rapper)|Drake]])</small> |Choice Music: Male Single | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: R&B/Hip-Hop Track | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2013<ref>{{cite web|title=2013 Teen Choice Award Nominations: Twilight and Vampire Diaries Are Tops, Taylor Swift and Harry Styles Square Off|url=http://uk.eonline.com/news/422134/2013-teen-choice-award-nominations-twilight-and-vampire-diaries-are-tops-taylor-swift-and-harry-styles-square-off|work=E! Online|accessdate=May 22, 2013}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|Rihanna |Choice Music: Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Summer Music Star Female | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Other: Twitter Personality | Aliteuliwa |- |"Stay" |Choice Music: Break-Up Song |Aliteuliwa |- |"Diamonds" |Choice Music: R&B/Hip- Hop Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2014<ref>{{cite web|title=Teen Choice Awards: The Complete Winners List|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/teen-choice-awards-2014-winners-724423|work=Hollywoodreporter|accessdate=March 30, 2015}}</ref> |rowspan="3"|Rihanna | Choice Fashion: Female Hottie | Aliteuliwa |- | Choice Web: Social Media Queen | Aliteuliwa |- | Choice Web: Instagrammer | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="7"|2015<ref>{{cite web|last=Coggan|first=Devan|title=Teen Choice Award nominations pit Zayn Malik against One Direction|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/06/09/teen-choice-award-nominations-2015|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|publisher=[[Time Inc.]]|date=June 9, 2015|accessdate=July 12, 2015|archive-date=2015-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626173322/http://www.ew.com/article/2015/06/09/teen-choice-award-nominations-2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ca.eonline.com/news/674216/teen-choice-awards-2015-nominees-wave-2-revealed|last=Johnson|first=Zach|title=Teen Choice Awards 2015 Nominees: Wave 2 Revealed!|publisher=[[E! Online]]|date=July 8, 2015|accessdate=July 12, 2015}}</ref> |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Choice Music: Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Fashion: Female Hottie |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Summer Star: Female |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Other: Selfie Taker |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"Bitch Better Have My Money" |Choice Music: R&B/Hip-Hop Song |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Party Song |Aliteuliwa |- |"[[FourFiveSeconds]]" |Choice Music: R&B/Hip-Hop Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=Teen Choice Awards: Complete List of Nominees|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/teen-choice-awards-2016-nominees-915639/item/tca-summer-star1-915707|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |Choice Music: Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Summer Music Star: Female |Aliteuliwa |- |"[[Work (Rihanna song)|Work]]" |Choice Music: R&B/Hip-Hop Song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"[[This Is What You Came For]]" |Choice Music: Party Song |Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Summer Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" | 2018 | rowspan="5" | Rihanna | Choice Music: R&B/Hip-Hop Artist | Aliteuliwa |- | Choice Music: Best Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Music: Best Fandom RihannaNavy | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Fashion: Female Hottie | Aliteuliwa |- |Choice Fashion: Choice Style Icon | Aliteuliwa |- |} ===Telehit Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2012<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvyespectaculos.mx/2012/10/25/niminados-a-los-premios-telehit-2012/|title=Nominados de los Premios Telehit 2012|publisher=TVyEspectaculos.mx|accessdate=February 23, 2017|date=November 23, 2012|language=Spanish|archivedate=2017-09-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170919101239/http://www.tvyespectaculos.mx/2012/10/25/niminados-a-los-premios-telehit-2012/}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|''We Found Love'' |Song of the Year |{{won}} |- |Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=¡Ellos son los ganadores de los Premios Telehit 2016!|url=http://www.tvynovelas.com/mx/noticias/16/11/10/ganadores-premios-telehit-2016-musica/|publisher=TVyNovelas.com|accessdate=February 23, 2017|date=November 11, 2016|language=Spanish|archivedate=2017-07-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731191110/http://www.tvynovelas.com/mx/noticias/16/11/10/ganadores-premios-telehit-2016-musica/}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|Rihanna |Best Female Solo Artist |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|''Work'' (pamoja na Drake) |Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===The Radio Academy Award=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2008 |rowspan="2"|Rihanna |rowspan="2"|Most Played Artist on British Radio<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioacademy.org/about/honours/ |title=Radio Academy Honours |publisher=The Radio Academy |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150901030000/http://www.radioacademy.org/about/honours/ |archivedate=2015-09-01 |df= }}</ref> |{{won}} |- ||2012 |{{won}} |} ===4Music Video Honours=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="4"|2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4music.com/news/news/2097/4Music-Video-Honours-2011-The-Results|title=news: 4Music Video Honours 2011 - The Results |date=November 21, 2011|publisher=[[4Music]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4music.com/news/news/1786/4Music-Video-Honours-2011-Best-Video-Nomineests|title=news: 4Music Video Honours 2011 - Best Video Nominees|date=October 21, 2011|publisher=[[4Music]]}}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best Girl | {{Won}} |- ||"California King Bed" |rowspan="3"|Best Video | Aliteuliwa |- ||"What's My Name?" <small>(pamoja na [[Drake (Canadian rapper)|Drake]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Who's That Chick?" <small>(pamoja na [[David Guetta]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="4"|2012<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4music.com/shows/592/4Music-Video-Honours-2012-Best-Girl|title=show: 4Music Video Honours 2012 Best Girl|publisher=[[4Music]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4music.com/shows/590/4Music-Video-Honours-2012-Best-Video-of-2012 |title=show: 4Music Video Honours 2012 Best Video of 2012 |publisher=[[4Music]] |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030065333/http://www.4music.com/shows/590/4Music-Video-Honours-2012-Best-Video-of-2012 |archivedate=2012-10-30 |df= }}</ref> ||Rihanna |Best Girl | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Princess of China"<small>(pamoja na [[Coldplay]])</small> |rowspan="3"|Best Video | Aliteuliwa |- |- ||"Take Care"<small>(pamoja na Drake)</small> | Aliteuliwa |- ||"Where Have You Been"<small>(pamoja na [[Calvin Harris]])</small> | Aliteuliwa |- |} ===Urban Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2007<ref>{{cite web|title=NOMINATIONS FOR THE URBAN MUSIC AWARDS USA ANNOUNCED!!|url=http://urbanmusicawards.net/2011/07/l-16/|work=Urban Music Awards|date=March 18, 2007|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2014-07-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714125836/http://urbanmusicawards.net/2011/07/l-16/}}</ref> ||"Unfaithful" |Best Music Video | Aliteuliwa |- ||Rihanna |Best R&B Act | {{won}} |- |rowspan="4"|2009<ref>{{cite web|title=Rihanna scoops two Urban Music wins|url=http://metro.co.uk/2009/07/20/rihanna-scoops-two-urban-music-wins-283196/|work=Metro|date=July 20, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=URBAN MUSIC AWARDS USA REVEALS NOMINATIONS!!|url=http://urbanmusicawards.net/2011/07/urban-music-awards-usa-reveals-nominations/|work=Urban Music Awards|date=July 12, 2009|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2012-03-10|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/663JvxLPl?url=http://urbanmusicawards.net/2011/07/urban-music-awards-usa-reveals-nominations/}}</ref> ||"Rehab" |Best Music Video | {{won}} |- |rowspan="4"|Rihanna |Best Female Act | {{won}} |- |Best R&B Act | Aliteuliwa |- |Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |2010<ref>{{cite web|title=The Urban Music Awards 2010 annonunces UK nominees|url=http://urbanmusicawards.net/2011/07/a-15/|work=Urban Music Awards|date=July 11, 2011|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2014-07-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140722152809/http://urbanmusicawards.net/2011/07/a-15/}}</ref> |Best International Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |2012 |Unapologetic |Album of the year | {{won}} |} ===UK Festival Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Year !Recipient !Award !Result |- |2016 |Rihanna (''V Festival'') |Best Headline Performance |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===UK Music Video Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="1"|2011<ref>{{cite web|title=UK Music Video Awards 2011: here are the nominations!|url=http://www.promonews.tv/2011/10/12/uk-music-video-awards-2011-here-are-the-nominations/|work=Promo News|date=October 12, 2011|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527095341/http://www.promonews.tv/2011/10/12/uk-music-video-awards-2011-here-are-the-nominations/|archivedate=2013-05-27}}</ref> |"Love the Way You Lie" <small>(w/ [[Eminem]])</small> |Best Urban Video – International |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|2012<ref>{{cite web|title=Music Genre Categories|url=http://www.ukmva.com/content/nominations/music-genre-categories|work=UKMVA|date=December 12, 2012|accessdate=2019-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312163132/http://ukmva.com/content/nominations/music-genre-categories|archivedate=2016-03-12}}</ref> |"We Found Love" <small>(feat. [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Best Pop Video - International |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|2015<ref>{{cite web|title=UK Video Music Awards 2015 - All the winners|url=http://www.musicweek.com/news/read/uk-music-video-awards-2015-all-the-winners-2/063333|work=UKMVA|date=November 7, 2015}}</ref> |rowspan="2"|"Bitch Better Have My Money" |Best Pop Video - International |{{won}} |- |Best Styling in a Video |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|2016<ref>{{cite web|title=UK Music Video Awards 2016: here are the nominations|url=http://www.promonews.tv/news/2016/09/21/uk-music-video-awards-2016-here-are-nominations|work=promonews|date=October 7, 2017|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2017-10-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007171101/http://www.promonews.tv/news/2016/09/21/uk-music-video-awards-2016-here-are-nominations}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|"This Is What You Came For" <small>(feat. [[Calvin Harris]])</small> |Best Dance Video – UK |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|[[2018 UK Music Video Awards |2018]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ukmva.com/Pages/Detail/103-craft-and-techincal-categories|title=craft and technical - ukmva 2018|website=www.ukmva.com|access-date=2018-10-06|archive-date=2018-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006234820/https://www.ukmva.com/Pages/Detail/103-craft-and-techincal-categories|url-status=dead}}</ref> |rowspan="1"|"Lemon" <small>(feat. [[N.E.R.D.]])</small> |Best Choreography in a Video |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===VH1 Soul VIBE Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- ||2007<ref>{{cite web|title=2007 VH1 Soul VIBE Award Nominees and Winners|url=http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2007VibeAwards.htm|work=About.com|date=November 7, 2007|accessdate=2019-04-05|archivedate=2013-05-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509104156/http://randb.about.com/od/musicawardsshows/a/2007VibeAwards.htm}}</ref> ||"Umbrella" <small>(feat. [[Jay-Z]])</small> |Video of the Year | {{won}} |} ===WDM Radio Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo !Marejeo |- |rowspan="2"|2017 |rowspan="2"| "[[This Is What You Came For]]" ft. [[Calvin Harris]] |Best Global Track |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominados a los WDM Radio Awards|url=http://los40.com.mx/especiales/wdm-Radio-Awards/nominados-wdm.html?int=news-wdm-40mexico|website=LOS40|accessdate=21 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307162620/http://los40.com.mx/especiales/wdm-Radio-Awards/nominados-wdm.html?int=news-wdm-40mexico|archivedate=2017-03-07}}</ref> |- |} ===Webby Award=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo !Marejeo |- |rowspan="2"|2016 |rowspan="2"|ANTIdiaRy |Mobile Campaign |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 Webby Awards Winners for Mobile Campaigns|url=http://webbyawards.com/winners/2016/advertising-media/campaigns/mobile-campaigns/|accessdate=4 November 2016|archive-date=2016-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104141934/http://webbyawards.com/winners/2016/advertising-media/campaigns/mobile-campaigns/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Best Use of Video or Moving Image |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 Webby Awards Winners for Best Use of Video or Moving Image|url=http://webbyawards.com/winners/2016/advertising-media/features/best-use-of-video-or-moving-image/|accessdate=4 November 2016|archive-date=2016-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104142014/http://webbyawards.com/winners/2016/advertising-media/features/best-use-of-video-or-moving-image/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |} ===World Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- |rowspan="2"|2006 |rowspan="14"|Rihanna |World's Best-Selling Barbadian Artist | {{won}} |- |World's Best Selling R&B Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|2007 |World's Best Entertainer of the Year | {{won}} |- |World's Best-Selling Pop Female Artist | {{won}} |- |World's Best-Selling R&B Female Artist | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2" |2008 |World's Best-Selling R&B Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |World's Best-Selling Barbadian Artist | {{won}} |- |rowspan="2" |2010 |World's Best Pop/Rock Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |World's Best song |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="5"|2014 |World's Best Female Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |World's Best Live Act | Aliteuliwa |- |World's Best Entertainer of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |World's song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |World's best video | Aliteuliwa |- |} ===YouTube Music Awards=== {| class="wikitable" |- !Mwaka !Aliyetuzwa !Tuzo !Matokeo |- | rowspan="2" | 2013<ref>{{cite web|last=Michalski|first=Jennifer|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/youtubes-music-awards-nominations-complete-list-2013-10|title=Here Are The Nominations For YouTube's First Music Awards|publisher=''Business Insider''|date=October 22, 2013|accessdate=November 3, 2013}}</ref> | Rihanna | Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | "Diamonds" | YouTube Phenomenon | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" | 2015<ref>{{cite web|last=McIntyre|first=Hugh|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2015/03/03/here-are-the-winners-of-the-2015-youtube-music-awards/|title=Here Are The Winners Of The 2015 YouTube Music Awards|publisher=''Forbes''|date=March 3, 2015|accessdate=March 30, 2015}}</ref> | Rihanna | 50 artists to watch | {{won}} |} == Tanbihi == {{cnote|a|Barbados born producer Jimmy Senya Haynes produced and arranged ''[[Babylon the Bandit]]'' for the band [[Steel Pulse]], but he was never credited as a member of the band.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationnews.com/story/291001479699304.php|title=The Nation Newspaper Jimmy was first|publisher=[[The Daily Nation (Barbados)|The Daily Nation]]|date=2008-02-14|accessdate=2008-11-02|archivedate=2008-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201231218/http://www.nationnews.com/story/291001479699304.php}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx?title=&winner=&year=1986&genreID=0&hp=1|title=The Nation Newspaper Jimmy was first|publisher=[[The Daily Nation (Barbados)|The Daily Nation]]|date=2008-02-14|accessdate=2008-11-02|archivedate=2009-01-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111122113/http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx?title=&winner=&year=1986&genreID=0&hp=1}}</ref>}} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya Nje == {{Commons category|Rihanna}} {{Wikiquote}} <!-- OPTIONAL --> * {{Official|http://www.rihannanow.com/}} * {{MySpace|rihanna}} * [http://www.believerihanna.com Rihanna's Believe Foundation] * {{IMDb name|id=1982597|name=Rihanna}} {{Rihanna}} {{BD|1988}} [[Jamii:Rihanna| ]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Barbados]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa rhythm na blues]] 5uii0spbjk9tsjdcp07j5xplebz8kfp 0 28997 1615353 1409099 2026-11-07T16:53:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Province TR |kanda=Marmara |jina=Balıkesir |eneo=12.496 |leseni=10 |kodi_ya_eneo=0266******* }} '''Balıkesir''' ni jina la [[Mikoa ya Uturuki|mkoa]] uliopo nchini [[Uturuki]]. Mkoa una mistari ya pwani mbili, ambao ni [[Bahari ya Marmara]] na [[Bahari ya Aegean|Aegean]]. Mikoa inayopakana na mkoa huuu ni pamoja na [[Mkoa wa Çanakkale|Çanakkale]] kwa upande wa magharibi, [[Mkoa wa İzmir|İzmir]] kusini-magharibi, [[Mkoa wa Manisa|Manisa]] kwa upande a kusini, [[Mkoa wa Kütahya|Kütahya]] kwa upande wa kusini-mashariki, na [[Mkoa wa Bursa|Bursa]] kwa upande wa mashariki. Mji mkuu wake ni [[Balıkesir]]. ==Wilaya za mkoani hapa== Mkoa wa Balıkesir umegawanyika katika wilaya 19 (mji mkuu '''umekoozeshwa'''): {| | *[[Ayvalık]] *'''[[Balıkesir]]''' *[[Balya]] *[[Bandırma]] *[[Bigadiç]] *[[Burhaniye]] *[[Dursunbey]] | *[[Edremit, Balıkesir|Edremit]] *[[Erdek]] *[[Gömeç]] *[[Gönen]] *[[Havran, Balıkesir|Havran]] *[[İvrindi]] | *[[Kepsut]] *[[Manyas]] *[[Marmara, Balıkesir|Marmara]] *[[Savaştepe]] *[[Sındırgı]] *[[Susurluk]] |} == Viungo vya Nje == * Governor's office: [http://www.balikesir.gov.tr Balıkesir Valiliği] * Municipality: [http://www.balikesir-bld.gov.tr/ Balıkesir Belediyesi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.balikesir-bld.gov.tr/ |date=20061205025032 }} * [http://www.balikesir.gen.tr General] * [http://www.balikesir.gov.tr/pgae_blank1.asp?id=253 Balıkesir Tourism Introduction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.balikesir.gov.tr/pgae_blank1.asp?id=253 |date=20090107045128 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061118023259/http://www.balikesirturizm.gov.tr/ Balıkesir Tourism] * [http://www.karesitv.com/yeni/tanitim.asp Balıkesir Introduction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.karesitv.com/yeni/tanitim.asp |date=20100224064937 }} * [http://www.balikesiryoresihalkoyunlari.8m.net Folklore] * [http://www.balikesir.edu.tr Balıkesir University] {{Wayback|url=http://www.balikesir.edu.tr/ |date=20210315135249 }} * [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/balikesir_turkey Balıkesir fotoğrafları (photographs)] * {{en icon}} [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/balikesir_turkey Pictures of the capital of this province] * {{en icon}} [http://www.turkeyforecast.com/weather/balikesir/ Balıkesir Weather Forecast Information] {{Wayback|url=http://www.turkeyforecast.com/weather/balikesir/ |date=20061005020932 }} {{Districts of Turkey|provname=Balıkesir|image=Balikesir}} {{mbegu-jio-Uturuki}} a8y52ajwspiccgnjt9gfjzw4z7r62bf 0 31027 1615540 1145604 2026-11-08T05:06:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615540 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:History of Korea-576.png|thumb|right|250px|Historia ya Korea]] '''Silla''' (57 KK – 935 BK) (Tamka ɕilla) ilikuwa moja kati ya [[Falme Tatu za Korea]], na moja kati ya nasaba iliokaa kwa muda mrefu sana katika historia ya Asia. Japokuwa ilianzishwa na Mfalme [[Bak Hyeokgeose wa Silla|Park Hyeokgeose]], ambaye anafahamika kama mwanzilishi wa famili ya Kikorea yenye jina la Park (박, 朴). Ukoo huu ulishikiria madaraka kwa takriban miaka yake 992 katika historia. Imeanza kama mtemi wa falme ndogo huko [[Samhan]], pindi ilipoungana na [[China]], Silla hatimaye ikaishinda falme mbili, [[Baekje]] mnamo 660 na [[Goguryeo]] mnamo 668. Baada ya hapo, ikawa [[Muungano wa Silla]] au [[Mungano wa Silla|Silla ya Baadaye]], kama jinsi inavyotajwa mara nyingi kwa kuchukua sehemu ya [[Peninsula ya Korea]], wakati sehemu ya kaskazini imeungana kama [[Balhae]], nchi iliokuja kurithiwa na [[Goguryeo]]. Baada ya karibuni miaka 1000 ya utawala, Silla ikajivua kidogo na kuwa [[Falme Tatu za Baadaye]], na kukabidhi mamlaka yake kwa mrithi wake wa nasaba ya [[Goryeo]] mnamo 935.<ref>http://www.shilla.or.kr/shilla_culture/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.shilla.or.kr/shilla_culture/ |date=20080321070426 }} Retrieved on 2008-03-08</ref> [[File:统一新罗九州.jpg|left|thumb|200px|[[天汉]]年间东北亚局势]] ==Marejeo== <references/> ==Viungo vya Nje== {{Commonscat|Silla kingdom}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100207134614/http://gyeongju.museum.go.kr/ Gyeongju National Museum] {{Silla monarchs 1}} [[Jamii:Nchi za kale katika Asia Mashariki]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Korea]] [[Jamii:Korea]] hzwwj8u8jk45q0jl5t10h37vdjr5w3f 0 32559 1615653 1449539 2026-11-08T09:53:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615653 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Pt Thomson Batian Nelion Mt Kenya.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Mlima Kenya]].]] '''Utalii nchini Kenya''' ni sekta iliyo chanzo kikuu cha mapato ya [[fedha za kigeni]] baada ya [[kilimo]].<ref name="re">{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |author= |title=Post-poll violence halves Kenya Q1 tourism revenues |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/africaCrisis/idUSL02261502 |work=[[Reuters]] |publisher= |date=2008-05-02 |accessdate=2008-05-04 }}</ref> [[Kenya]] ni kati ya nchi zilizo na [[mazingira]] murua zaidi [[ulimwenguni]] na bila shaka [[watalii]] hufurahia mno kuzuru eneo hili. Kama wahenga walivyosema kuwa kutembea kwingi ni kuyaona mengi, [[Rabuka]] ametunukia Kenya hidaya kochokocho kwa kuipatia [[wanyama]] wengi, [[misitu]] na maskani rembo kupindukia. Vivutio vikuu vya [[utalii]] ni safari za [[picha]] kupitia mbuga za kitaifa na michezo ya uhifadhi ambayo [[idadi]] yao ni 19. Vivutio vingine ni pamoja na [[misikiti]] katika [[jiji]] la [[Mombasa]]; [[mandhari]] inayojulikana ya [[Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki|Bonde la Ufa]]; [[shamba]] la [[kahawa]] mjini [[Thika]]; mtazamo wa [[Mlima Kilimanjaro]], ukivuka mpaka kuingia [[Tanzania]];<ref name="ne"> [http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Kenya-TOURISM-TRAVEL-AND-RECREATION.html Encyclopedia ya Mataifa]</ref> na [[fukwe]] zake kando ya [[Bahari ya Hindi]]. Hata hivyo kuna mapato mengi ya kitalii nchini Kenya . ==Historia== [[Lee Jolliffe]], katika [[kitabu]] chake anasema utalii wa Kenya uliendelea kwa kuhifadhi [[maliasili]], ingawa "utalii wa fukwe, utalii ya eco, utalii wa utamaduni na utalii wa michezo zote zinafomu sehemu moja." <ref name="Jolliffe146">[[Jolliffe]] 2007, p.146</ref> Katika [[miaka ya 1990]], idadi ya [[watalii]] waliokuwa wakisafiri nchini Kenya ilipungua kwa sababu ya mauaji ya watalii.<ref name="Nagle">[[Nagle]] 1999, p.115</ref> Hata hivyo, utalii nchini Kenya umekuwa chanzo kinachoongoza cha mapato ya fedha za kigeni tangu mwaka [[1997]], wakati uliupita kahawa, na mwenendo uliendelea, isipokuwa miaka 1997-[[1998]].<ref name="Jolliffe146" /> ===Mgogoro wa Kenya wa 2007-2008=== Kufuatia [[uchaguzi wa urais wa mwaka wa 2007]] na [[mgogoro wa Kenya 2007-2008]] uliofuata, mapato ya utalii ulitimazi kutoka asilimia 54 mwaka 2007 katika robo ya kwanza ya 2008.<ref name="re" /> Mapato yalishuka hadi shilingi bilioni 8.08 (dola milioni 130.5 za Amerika) kutoka shilingi bilioni 17.5 katika miezi ya Januari hadi Machi 2007 <ref name="re" /> na jumla ya watalii 130,585 waliwasili nchini Kenya ikilinganishwa na watalii 273,000 na mwaka huo.<ref name="dom">{{cite news |first=Wangui |last=Maina |authorlink= |author= |title=Kenya: Domestic Tourists Help to Cushion Travel Sector |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200804212006.html |work=[[Business Daily]] |publisher=AllAfrica.com |date=2008-05-05 |accessdate=2008-05-05}}</ref> Mapato ya Watalii kutoka Uchina, hata hivyo, ilishuka aslimia 10.7, ikilinganishwa na zaidi ya asilimia 50 kutoka mapato ya jadi ambao ni Marekani na Ulaya.<ref name="re" /> Utalii wa ndani pia uliboreshwa kwa asilimia 45, kuichuma sekta ya utalii shilingi bilioni 3.65 juu ya bilioni 8.08 kwa kipindi ambacho kilikuwa kinapitiwa.<ref name="dom" /> Utalii wa Mkutano ulisambaratika wakati wa robo ya kwanza kwa kuanguka kwa asilimia 87.4 ikilinganishwa na ongezeko lililoshuhudiwa mwaka wa 2007.<ref name="dom" /> Watu 974 waliowasili nchini Kenya katika kipindi hicho kwa ajili ya mikutano waligundua kuwa mikutano hiyo ilikuwa imefutiliwa mbali.<ref name="dom" /> Biashara ya Kusafiri ilipungua kwa asilimia 21 wakati wa kipindi hicho na wasafiri 35,914 walikuja nchini ikilinganishwa na 45,338 katika kipindi kama hicho mwaka kabla.<ref name="dom" /> Licha ya hayo, Kenya ilishinda tuzo la Best Leisure Destination katika ramsa ya World Travel mjini [[Shanghai]], [[China]], mwezi Aprili 2008.<ref name="aa">{{cite news |first=Beatrice |last=Gachenge |authorlink= |author= |title=Kenya: Country Scoops Top Tourism Award |url=http://www.afromix.org/html/voyages/index.en.html |work=[[Business Daily]] |publisher=AllAfrica.com |date=2008-04-21 |accessdate=2008-05-04 }}</ref> Katibu Mkuu wa [[Wizara ya Utalii]] nchini Kenya, [[Rebecca Nabutola]], alisema kwamba "tuzo hili ni ushuhuda kwamba Kenya ina bidhaa ya kipekee ulimwenguni ambayo ni utalii. Kutambuliwa kwa Kenya bila shaka kutainua utalii wa Kenya na kuongeza utambulisho wake kama sehemu inayoongoza ya kitalii.<ref name="aa" /> ==Vivutio vya wageni== ===Mbuga za Kitaifa=== {{Main|Orodha ya Hifadhi za Taifa nchini Kenya}} Kenya imeorodheshwa miongoni mwa nchi zinazoongoza katika sekta ya wanyamapori zaidi ya miaka arobaini na inajulikana kote ulimwengu kwa ajili yake. Kuna hifadhi za taifa, mapori ya akiba na ya wanyama na kuonekana wakati mwingine havina uhai kimya na hata hivyo kuna wanyamapori wengi mno. Mashimo ya maji na mabwawa ni muhimu ambapo wanyama wanaweza kunywa maji ili kukata kiu. ====Hifadhi ya taifa ya Amboseli==== {{Main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Amboseli}} Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Amboseli, ambayo zamani ilikuwa inaitwa [[hifadhi ya wanyama]] ya Maasai Amboseli, iko katika [[Wilaya ya Kajiado]], [[Mkoa wa Bonde la Ufa]], nchini [[Kenya]]. [[Mbuga]] hii ina ukubwa wa eneo wa [[kilomita]] 390 katika msingi wa eneo la kilomita 8,000 na inaenea mpakani mwa Kenya na [[Tanzania]]. Wenyeji wa sehemu hii ni [[Wamasai]], lakini watu kutoka maeneo mengine ya nchi wanakaa huko kwani walivutiwa na [[uchumi]] uliofanikiwa na ambao ulisababishwa na [[utalii]] na [[kilimo]] kabambe kandokando ya mifumo wa mabwawa ambayo yanaifanya eneo hili lenye [[mvua]] kidogo (wastani wa [[milimita]] 350 kwa mwaka) kuwa mojawapo ya sehemu bora [[duniani]] kuwatazama [[wanyamapori]]. Mbuga hii hulinda mabwawa mawili kwa matano ambayo yako, na inahusisha [[ziwa]] lililokauka la [[Pleistocene]] na [[mimea]] yenye nusu-ukame. ====Mbuga ya kitaifa ya Kora==== {{Main|Kora National Park}} Mbuga ya kimataifa ya Kora iko [[Mkoani Pwani]], Kenya. Mbuga hii ina upana wa eneo a eneo wa kilomita 1787. Mbuga hii imejasisiwa kilomita 125 mashariki mwa [[Mlima Kenya]]. Awali mbuga hii ilijaridiwa kama [[hifadhi ya kiasili]] mwaka wa 1973. Ilijaridiwa kama [[mbuga ya kitaifa]] mwaka wa 1990, kufuatia mauaji ya [[George Adamson]] na [[wawindaji wanyama]]. ====Mbuga ya kitaifa ya Ziwa Nakuru==== {{Main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Ziwa Nakuru}} Mbuga ya wanyama ya kitaifa ya [[Ziwa Nakuru]], lililoanzishwa mwaka wa [[1961]] karibu na Ziwa Nakuru, liko karibu na [[mji]] wa [[Nakuru]]. Inajulikana sana kwa [[Elfu|maelfu]], na wakati mwingine [[milioni|mamilioni]] ya [[Ndege (mnyama)|ndege]] wa aina ya [[flamingo]] wanaokusanyika ufuoni mwa ziwa Nakuru. Wajihi wa ukame wa [[ziwa]] hili ni vigumu kujulikana kwa sababu ya flamingo wengi. Idadi ya flamingo katika ziwa hutegemea [[maji]] na hali ya [[chakula]]. Pahali bora kuwatazama ndege hawa ni juu ya mwinuko unaoitwa ''Baboon Cliff''. Kivutio kingine ni eneo la kilomita 188 lililo kandokando ya ziwa hilo na limezingirwa na [[ukuta]] kuwalinda wanyama walio katika hatari ya kukoma kama [[twiga wa Rothschild]] na [[kifaru mweusi|vifaru weusi]]. ====Mbuga ya Taifa ya Mlima Kenya==== {{Main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Mlima Kenya}} Mbuga ya taifa ya Mlima Kenya {{coord|0|07|26|S|37|20|12|E|}}, iliyoanzisha mwaka wa [[1949]], hulinda kanda inayozunguka [[Mlima Kenya]]. Awali ilikuwa ni [[hifadhi ya misitu]] kabla ya kutangazwa kama mbuga ya kitaifa. Hivi sasa ni mbuga ya taifa ndani ya hifadhi ya misitu ambayo imeizunguka.<ref name="kws_website">{{cite web |url= http://www.kws.org/mt-kenya.html |title= Mount Kenya National Park |accessdate= 2008-02-23 |author= Kenya Wildlife Service |authorlink= Kenya Wildlife Service |year= 2007 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070622045208/http://www.kws.org/mt-kenya.html |archivedate= 2007-06-22 }}</ref>Mnamo Aprili mwaka wa [[1978]] eneo hilo lilifanywa [[hifadhi la Biosphere la UNESCO]]. <ref name="unep">{{cite web |url= http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/mt_kenya.html |title= Protected Areas and World Heritage |accessdate= 2008-02-23 |author= United Nations Environment Programme |authorlink= United Nations Environment Programme |year= 1998 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070212211303/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/mt_kenya.html |archivedate= 2007-02-12 }}</ref> Mbuga ya taifa na hifadhi ya misitu ziliunganishwa zikawa katika orodha ya [[Urithi wa Dunia wa UNESCO]] mwaka wa [[1997]].<ref name="unesco">{{cite web |url= http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=800 |title= Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest |accessdate= 2008-02-23 |author= United Nations |authorlink= United Nations |year= 2008 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20061230202343/http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=800 |archivedate= 2006-12-30 }}</ref> ====Mbuga ya Taifa ya Nairobi==== {{Main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Nairobi}} Hifadhi ya taifa ya Nairobi ilikuwa mbuga ya kwanza nchini Kenya ilipoanzishwa mwaka wa [[1946]]. Iko takriban [[kilomita]] 7 kusini mwa katikati ya [[Nairobi]], [[mji mkuu]] wa Kenya, na ni ndogo ikilinganishwa na mbuga nyingine za wanyama barani Afrika. Majumba marefu jijini Nairobi yaweza kuonekana kutoka kwenye mbuga. Mbuga hii ina wanyamapori wengi tofauti.<ref name="Riley">[[Riley 2005]], p.90</ref> Ni ugo tu unaotenganisha mbuga hii ya wanyama kutoka mji mkuu.<ref name="Prins143">[[Prins 2000]], p.143</ref> Wanyama [[walao mimea]] hujaa sana katika mbuga hii wakati wa [[kiangazi]]. Ni mojawapo kati ya makimbilio ya vifaru yaliyofanikiwa sana nchini Kenya. Kwamba mbuga hii ipo karibu na jiji la Nairobi husababisha mgogoro baina ya wanyama na wananchi na pia hutishia uhamaji wa wanyama. ====Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Aberdare==== {{main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Aberdare}} Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Aberdare ina [[latitudo]] ya [[mita]] 1829 hadi 4001 juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]] na iko katika ardhi kati ya [[kusini]]-[[magharibi]] kwa [[Mlima Kenya]]. Ilianzishwa rasmi mnamo Mei [[1950]] kama hifadhi ya [[misitu]] ya nchi. Hifadhi ina [[hewa]] njema iliyo tulivu na yenye [[mazingira]] murua na [[mvua]] kubwa inayonyesha mwaka nenda mwaka rudi. ====Mbuga ya Masai Mara==== [[Hifadhi ya Masai Mara]] ni mojawapo kati ya maskani bora zaidi ambapo wanyamapori wengi wamehifadhiwa. Hapa ndipo wanapoishi zaidi wanyama wenye kutambulika kama ‘watano wakubwa’: [[simba]], [[chui]], [[ndovu]], [[nyati]] na [[kiboko]]. Hapa watalii hasa [[watoto]] hufurahishwa sana na mazingira na maajabu mengi wanayoyaona. ====Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Meru==== {{main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Meru}} Hifadhi hii imekuwa yenye shughuli kabambe na yenye watalii chungu nzima waliofurika furifuri ili kujionea maajabu ya Mlima Kenya. Huku kuna wanyama si haba ambao hutokea misitu iliyokaribia Mlima Kenya. Hapa watalii huzuru ili kuikwea milima na kuipata hewa safi. ====Mbuga ya Samburu==== {{main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Samburu}} Samburu ni "nchi huru" ambapo [[Joy Adamson]] alikasirishwa mno na simba. Hii imeifanya mbuga hii kuwa maarufu sana na kuwafanya watalii wengi kutaka kuizuru. Watalii pia huvutiwa mno na tamaduni za [[Wasamburu]] ambao [[mavazi]] na mienendo yao huvutia sana. ====Mbuga ya Tsavo Mashariki==== {{main|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Tsavo Mashariki}} Tsavo Mashariki hujumlisha eneo la [[Kilomita mraba|kilometamraba]] 13,747 Mashariki Kusini mwa Kenya. Mazingira murua ndiyo yanayowavutia watu zaidi kuzuru mbuga hii. Baadhi ya mambo yanayopendeza ni [[Mto Tana]], ufuko wa [[bahari]], makazi ya [[viboko]], hifadhi ya [[tembo]], [[joto]] na hali ya [[anga]] yenye kupendeza na sehemu nyingine mbalimbali. ===Fukwe=== Kenya na Tanzania zina ukanda wa pwani nzuri na mwanga wa jua kwa njia ya nje ya mwaka hata wakati wa mvua. Wengi wa wenyeji kwa kuchukua hiyo fukwe ni tupu isipokuwa kwa mapumziko ya kitaifa katika nchi zote mbili. Hivyo unaweza kutumia muda katika pwani ya umma na kujisikia kama ni saa ya kipekee pwani. Ni pwani ya Kenya na hoteli kadhaa kwamba mtu anaweza kuchagua. ===Matembezi nchini Kenya=== Matembezi nchini Kenya ni ya kufana kwa na huwavutia watalii chungu nzima kila mwaka. Matembezi hayo yapo katika mji wa Nairobi njia ya Lang’ata karibu na malazi ya wanyama ya Nairobi. Katika matembezi hayo utaweza kujionea mengi kwani kutembea kwingi ni kuona mengi, pia utaweza kuushuhudia utamaduni wa Wakenya ulionata kama gundi na kuyaona mazingira mema yenye kufana. === Utamaduni wa Wakenya === Jamii ya [[Wamasai]] ni baadhi ya makabila zinazofuata mno tamaduni na asili zao za [[jadi]]. Mabadiliko ya kizazi na pengo katika utamaduni bado zinaathiri mitindo ya maisha. Hata hivyo jamii ya Wamasai imejua bayana kwamba mwacha mila ni [[mtumwa]] na hivyo kuhifadhi tamaduni zao kupitia mavazi ambayo ni vikoi na [[leso]] na [[viatu]] vya jadi, maisha yao ambayo ni ya [[ufugaji]] wa [[ng’ombe]] na [[lugha]] yao ya [[Kimasai]]. [[Wakikuyu]] nao hawajaachwa nyuma katika kuhifadhi na kukumbatia tamaduni zao ambapo siku baada ya nyingine wao hunywa [[mvinyo]] wao wa jadi aina ya karubu, huwatafutia binti zao wachumba na kuwatahiri vijana wao kwa karamu zenye raha na bashasha tele. ==Hoteli== Kuna hoteli mbalimbali za kufana mno ambazo huwa na hali tofauti katika mazingira na hata kwenye fulusi utakazotumia kugharamia ada yako. Baadhi ya hoteli zenye sifa tele ni Intecontinental, Hilton, Winsor, Safari Park na Norfolk zilizo katika mji wa Nairobi. Hapa maliponi ya kiasi cha juu lakini huduma yao ni ya hali ya juu sana Nakuru na Mombasa pia kuna hoteli za kufana ambapo vyakula vya asili na vile vya kisasa pia hupikwa. Watalii wengi hufurahia sana kukaa huku kwa sababu ya bahari na maziwa yaliyoko katika maeneo haya. ==Habari ya Watalii== Watalii katika nchi nyingi wanahitajika kuwa na [[pasipoti]] na [[visa]]. Watalii hawa hushauriwa kupata [[chanjo]] dhidi ya [[malaria]] na [[homa ya manjano]].<ref name="ne" /> Bodi ya Utalii ya Kenya, au KTB, ni shirika la [[serikali]] ambao hutafutia soko kwa watalii wanaosafiria nchi ya Kenya.<ref name="Jolliffe146" /> Maoni ya sekta ya kibinafsi zinachapishwa na Wizara ya Utalii, ambayo inafanya kazi unyounyo na KNB.<ref name="Jolliffe146" /> Wizara ya Utalii lina jukumu la kushauri KNB na kufungua bodi katika wizara zinazohusiana na aina maalum za utalii.<ref name="Jolliffe146" /> ==Takwimu== Mwaka wa 1995, kulikuwa na vitanda 34,211 vya hoteli na kiwango cha kujaza vitanda hivi kilikuwa asilimia 44. Wageni 1,036,628 waliwasili nchini Kenya mwaka wa 2000 risiti za utalii kwa ujumla zilikuwa dola milioni 257. Mwaka huo, serikali ya Marekani ilikadiria wastani wa gharama ya kuishi mjini Nairobi kuwa dola 202 kwa siku, ikilinganishwa na dola 94 hadi dola 144 kwa siku mjini Mombasa, kutegemea na wakati wa mwaka. <ref name="ne" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ==Masomo zaidi== * {{Wikicite|id=idPrins|reference={{cite book |author=Herbert Prins, Jan Geu Grootenhuis, Thomas T. Dolan|title=Wildlife Conservation by Sustainable Use |url=http://books.google.ie/books?id=YoRKKE2lRf8C&dq |year=2000 |publisher=Springer |isbn=0412797305 }}}} * {{Wikicite|id=idRiley|reference={{cite book |last=Riley |first=Laura William |title=Nature's Strongholds: The World's Great Wildlife Reserves |url=http://books.google.ie/books?id=icMuBQhW4vgC |year=2005 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=0691122199 }}}} * {{Wikicite|id=idJolliffe|reference={{cite book |last=Jolliffe |first=Lee |author=|title=Tea and Tourism: Tourists, Traditions and Transformations |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BXl1Q3slvDMC |year=2000 |publisher=Channel View Publications |isbn=1845410564 }}}} * {{Wikicite|id=idNagle|reference={{cite book |last=Nagle |first=Garrett |author=|title=Tourism, Leisure and Recreation |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tA-2NAuiAa4C |year=1999 |publisher=Nelson Thornes |isbn=0174447051 }}}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/kenya/ Lonely Planet Guide] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/kenya/ |date=20081022160230 }} '''Serikali ya Wizara na mashirika''' * [http://www.tourism.go.ke/ Wizara ya Utalii ya Kenya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tourism.go.ke/ |date=20100106111438 }} * [http://www.ktdc.co.ke Kenya Tourism Development Corporation] * [http://www.kws.org/ Kenya Wildlife Service] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kws.org/ |date=20071014012331 }} * [http://www.museums.or.ke/ National Museums of Kenya] '''Vingine''' * http://www.royaltoursafrica.com/data/attractions/specific/Maasai_Mara_Game_Reserve.vrt {{Wayback|url=http://www.royaltoursafrica.com/data/attractions/specific/Maasai_Mara_Game_Reserve.vrt |date=20091012010723 }} * http://www.tourism.go.ke/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.tourism.go.ke/ |date=20100106111438 }} * https://web.archive.org/web/20061230202343/http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=800 * [http://easytravelgear.com/ http://easytravelgear.com] {{Wayback|url=http://easytravelgear.com/ |date=20171028073346 }} * http://www.ecotourismkenya.org/ * http://www.africaguide.com/country/kenya/accom.htm * http://www.hmnet.com/africa/kenya/ke_tourist/ke_hotels.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.hmnet.com/africa/kenya/ke_tourist/ke_hotels.html |date=20151130120124 }} * http://www.kenyabeach.com/ {{Economy of Kenya}} {{Hoja Kuhusu Kenya}} {{Africa topic|Utalii nchini}} [[Jamii:Utalii wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Usafiri wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Uchumi wa Kenya]] g33gr03grtvekmie96jig98zkmx0gn9 0 32951 1615375 1119313 2026-11-07T17:29:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615375 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Collage of Modena.jpg|thumbnail|right|280px|Mji wa Modena]] {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Modena |picha_ya_satelite = Modena.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Piazza San Domenico. |pushpin_map = |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa mji wa Modena katika Italia |settlement_type = Mji |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Italia]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Italia|Mkoa]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Emilia-Romagna]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Wilaya za Italia|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Wilaya ya Modena|Modena]] |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 182640 |latd=44 |latm=39 |lats=00 |latNS=N |longd=10 |longm=56 |longs=00 |longEW=E |website = [http://www.comune.modena.it/ www.comune.modena.it] }} '''Modena''' ni mji wa [[Italia]] katika mkoa la [[Emilia-Romagna]]. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mnamo mwaka wa 2009, mji una wakazi wapatao 180,000 wanaoishi katika mji huu. Mji upo m 34 kutoka [[juu ya usawa wa bahari]]. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Italia]] == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{it}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110224230638/http://www.comune.modena.it/ Tovuti rasmi] {{mbegu-jio-Italia}} {{Commons}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Italia]] [[Jamii:Emilia-Romagna]] 55gjxro9j5jqe3xlmm5ovldfg9a2fbd 0 33085 1615546 1613984 2026-11-08T05:35:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[File:Ballard Farmers' Market - vegetables.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Muuzaji]] [[mboga]] [[soko|sokoni]].]] '''Somo la uchumi''' ni [[sayansi ya jamii]] ambayo hutafiti [[uzalishaji]], [[usambazaji]], na matumizi ya [[bidhaa]] na [[huduma]]. [[Neno]] ''[[uchumi]]'' linatokana na [[kitenzi]] "kuchuma". [[Jina]] la [[Kiingereza]] ''economy'' linatokana na neno la [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] ''oikonomia'' lenye maana ya "usimamizi wa kaya, utawala" (kutoka oikos, "nyumba" + nomos, "desturi" au "sheria"), kwa hiyo "sheria za nyumba (kaya)".<ref name="etymology">{{cite web | last = Harper | first = Douglas | authorlink = Douglas Harper | title = Online Etymology Dictionary&nbsp;— Economy | month = Novemba | year = 2001 | url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=economy | dateformat = mdy | accessdate=27 Oktoba 2007}}</ref> Aina za masomo ya kiuchumi ya kisasa zilizotokana na somo pana la uchumi wa kisiasa katika miaka ya mwisho ya karne ya 19, kutokana na matamanio ya kuchukua mwelekeo jarabati unaofaa zaidi sayansi za kiasilia.<ref name="Clark"> Clark, B. (1998). ''Kisiasa-uchumi: A Comparative strategi.'' Westport, CT: Preager.</ref> Ufafanuzi unaojumuisha mengi ya masomo ya kiuchumi ya kisasa ni ule wa [[Lionel Robbins]] katika insha yake: “Insha Juu ya Asili na Umuhimu wa Uchumi wa Kisayansi."<ref> {{cite book | last = Robbins | first = Lionel | authorlink = Lionel Robbins | title = An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science | publisher = Macmillan and Co., Limited | year = 1945 | location = London | url = http://www.mises.org/books/robbinsessay2.pdf|format=PDF}} s. 16</ref> Uhaba unamaanisha kuwa rasilimali zinazopatikana hazitoshelezi mahitaji yote. Ikiwa hakuna uhaba na kuna matumizi badala ya rasilimali zinazopatikana, basi hakuna shida ya kiuchumi. Hivyo somo lililofafanuliwa linahusu utafiti wa chaguzi kama vile zinavyobadilishwa na vishawishi na rasilimali. Somo la uchumi linalenga kufafanua vile uchumi hufanya kazi na vile viungo vya kiuchumi hufanya kazi pamoja. Uchambuzi wa kiuchumi huhusisha sehemu zote za jamii, katika biashara, fedha na serikali, na hata katika uhalifu,<ref> [[Friedman, Daudi D.]] (2002). [http://www.econlib.org/LIBRARY/Enc/Crime.html "Uhalifu,"] ''The kortfattad Encyclopedia wa Uchumi.'' Ilitumiwa 31 Oktoba 2006. </ref> [[elimu]], [[familia]], [[afya]], [[sheria]], [[siasa]], dini,<ref>Iannaccone, Laurence R. (1998). "Utangulizi wa Uchumi wa Dini," ''Journal of Economic Fasihi,'' 36 (3), [https://web.archive.org/web/20110715171833/http://www.religionomics.com/old/erel/S2-Archives/Iannaccone%20-%20Introduction%20to%20the%20Economics%20of%20Religion.pdf uk. 1465-1495..]</ref> [[taasisi za kijamii]], vita,<ref>[[Nordhaus, William D.]] (2002). "The Economic mshahara wa Vita na Iraq", katika ''Vita na Iraq: Gharama, mshahara, na Alternatives,'' [http://nordhaus.econ.yale.edu/AAAS_War_Iraq_2.pdf uk. 51-85.] {{Wayback|url=http://nordhaus.econ.yale.edu/AAAS_War_Iraq_2.pdf |date=20070202005510 }} American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Cambridge, MA. Accessed 21 Oktoba 2007.</ref> na [[sayansi.]]<ref>Arthur M. Diamond, Jr (2008). "sayansi, uchumi wa," [[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics,|''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics,'' ]] 2nd Edition, Basingstoke na New York: [[Macmillan Palgrave.]] Pre-chapisho [https://web.archive.org/web/20120311140511/http://cba.unomaha.edu/faculty/adiamond/WEB/DiamondPDFs/PalgraveEconSci07.pdf cached ccpy.]</ref> Hoja inayoendelea kukua ya somo la kiuchumi katika sayansi ya kijamii imeelezwa kuwa ubeberu wa kiuchumi.<ref> [[Becker, Gary S.]] (1976). ''Approach ya Uchumi kwa Binadamu Behavior.'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=iwEOFKSKbMgC&dq=%22The+Economic+Approach+to+Human+Behavior%22+Introduction&lr=&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 Links] to arrow-page viewable sura. University of Chicago Press.</ref> Tofauti za kawaida huelezwa baina ya jinsi mbalimbali za somo la kiuchumi: baina ya uchumi chanya (kueleza “kile kilichoko”) na uchumi unaozidi kuongezeka (kueleza “kile kinachostahili kuwa”) au baina ya [[uchumi]] nadharia na uchumi wa kivitendo au baina ya uchumi uliotanda (ulio “halisi” unaojihusisha na “uwiano wa fikira-ubinafsi-msawazo”) na uchumi usio asilia (“badilishi” zaidi unaoshughulika na “uwiano wa taasisi-historia-muundo wa kijamii"<ref> Davis, John B. (2006 "Heterodox Uchumi, ya marknadsfragmentering ya Mainstream, na Wikipedia Individual Analysis," katika ''Future Directions in Heterodox Uchumi.'' Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.</ref>). Hata hivyo tofauti ya kimsingi ya kiada baina ya “uchumi wa kiwango cha chini” (microeconomics), ambao unaotafiti tabia ya kiuchumi ya viungo (pamoja na watu binafsi na makampuni) na “uchumi wa kiwango cha juu” (macroeconomics), ambao hushughulikia maswala ya ukosefu wa ajira, mfumuko wa bei, sera ya fedha na hazina kwa uchumi wote. ===Kuanguka kwa soko=== [[File:Smokestack in Detroit.jpg|right|thumb|Pollution can be a simple example of market failure. If costs of production are not borne by producers but are by the environment, accident victims or others, then prices are distorted.|alt = A smokestack ikitoa moshi]] Maneno “kuanguka kwa soko” hujumuisha matatizo kadha wa kadha ambayo hudhoofisha fikira za kawaida za kiuchumi. Ingawa wanauchumi huorodhesha kuanguka kwa soko katika makundi tofauti,<ref> Rej. Barr (2004) uk. 72-79, ambao orodha ya soko kwa kushindwa ni kushindwa melded dhana ya kiuchumi, ambayo ni (1) wazalishaji kama bei takers (yaani uwepo wa oligopoly au monopol; lakini kwa nini hili si bidhaa ya yafuatayo?) (2) sawa nguvu za walaji (kile ajira wanasheria wito wa usawa wa biashara nguvu) (3) kukamilisha masoko (4) mali ya umma (5) nje ya madhara (yaani externalities?) (6) kuongeza anarudi wadogo (yaani vitendo monopol) (7) kamilifu habari.</ref> makundi yafuatayo hupatikana kutokana na nakala kuu.<ref> Stiglitz (2000) Ch.4, inasema vyanzo vya kushindwa soko inaweza enumerated kama [[asili monopol, habari de skillnader, incomplete masoko, externalities]], hali [[nzuri ya umma]] na [[uchumi]] störningar.</ref> Makundi asili yanayotawala shughuli za soko, au dhana zinazoambatana za kundi tawala “tendaji” au “la ustadi”, huhusisha ulegevu wa ushindani katika kuthibiti wazalishaji. Tatizo hili huelezwa kama hali ambapo ikiwa bidhaa itaendelea kuzalishwa zaidi, basi mapato yanakuwa ya kiwango cha juu. Hii humaanishwa kuwa hali hii humfaidi tu mzalishaji mmoja. Kutolingana kwa habari hutokea pale kikundi kimoja kina maelezo zaidi au bora zaidi kuliko kingine. Kuwepo kwa kutolingana kwa habari huzua matatizo kama shida za kimaadili, na uteuzi mbaya, ambayo hutafitiwa katika nadharia ya mkataba. Uchumi wa habari hufungamana na maswala mengi, ambayo ni pamoja na fedha, bima na sheria ya mkataba, na maamuzi chini ya hali za hatari na ukosefu wa uhakika.<ref>Lippman, SS, na JJ McCall (2001). "Habari, Uchumi wa," [[International Encyclopedia wa Social Sciences & Behavioral,|''International Encyclopedia wa Social Sciences & Behavioral,'' ]] uk. 7480-7486. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B7MRM-4MT09VJ-1KS&_rdoc=16&_hierId=151000134&_refWorkId=21&_explode=151000131,151000134&_fmt=summary&_orig=na&_docanchor=&_idxType=SC&view=c&_ct=28&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=748a6fddc8a0c1b70f58f6d282af81fd Abstract.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B7MRM-4MT09VJ-1KS&_rdoc=16&_hierId=151000134&_refWorkId=21&_explode=151000131,151000134&_fmt=summary&_orig=na&_docanchor=&_idxType=SC&view=c&_ct=28&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=748a6fddc8a0c1b70f58f6d282af81fd |date=20080926130228 }}</ref> Masoko yasiyokamilika ni jina ambalo hutumika katika hali ambapo wanunuzi na wauzi hawana habari ya kutosha kuhusu hali ya mwingine ilikuweza kuweka bei ya bidhaa au kutoa huduma ipasavyo. Huku kikitokana na makala ya George Akerlof ya Market for Lemons, kiolezo cha kutoa mfano ni kile cha soko yenye hila ya magari yaliyotumika. Wateja wasiokuwa na uwezo wa kujua iwapo wananunua “limau” watasukuma bei ya wastani chini zaidi kuliko ile bei inayostahili kwa ya gari nzuri iliyotumika. Kwa njia hii, bei inaweza kutoonyesha thamani ya kweli. Bidhaa za umma ni bidhaa ambazo zina uhaba katika soko la kawaida. Jinsi za kutambua hali hii ni kuwa watu wanaweza kutumia bidhaa hizi pasi na kuzilipia na kuwa zaidi ya mtu mmoja anaweza kutumia bidhaa hii kwa wakati mmoja. Vipengele vya nje huzuka pale ambapo kuna gharama au faida za juu za kijamii kutoka kwa uzalishaji au utumiaji ambavyo havidhihiriki katika bei za soko. Kwa mfano, uchafuzi wa hewa unaweza kuzua kipengele cha nje kisichofaa, na elimu inaweza kuzua kipengele cha nje kilicho na manufaa (kupungua kwa uhalifu, na kadhalika.). Serikali mara nyingi hulipisha kodi kwa na kuweka vizuizi kwa bidhaa zilizo na vepengele vya nje visivyofaa katika jitihada za kurekebisha mwenendo wa bei unaosababishwa na vipengel hivi vya nje.<ref> [[Laffont, JJ]] (1987). "Externalities", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 2, uk 263-65.</ref> Nadharia ya kimsingi ya mahitaji-na-ugavi hutabiri msawazo lakini si kasi ya urekebishaji wa mabadiliko ya msawazo kutokana na mabadiliko katika mahitaji na ugavi.<ref>[[Blaug, Marko]] (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics". ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica'' v. 27, uk 347. Chicago. ISBN 0852294239</ref> Katika sehemu nyingi, aina fulani ya utobadilikaji wa bei hukubalika ili kueleza sababu ya viwango, na wala si bei, na kurekebisha kwa muda mfupi mabadiliko katika upande wa mahitaji au ule wa ugavi. Hii hujumuisha uchambuzi wa kawaida wa maisha ya biashara katika somo la uchumi wa kiwango cha juu. Uchambuzi mara nyingi huhusisha sababu za kutobadilika huku kwa bei na athari zake katika kufikia msawazo unaokisiwa kwa muda mrefu. Mifano ya kutobadilika kwa bei katika masoko fulani ni pamoja na viwango vya marupurupu katika soko la ajira na bei zilizowekwa katika masoko ambayo hayana ushindani kamili. Ukosefu wa kuimarika kwa uchumi wa kiwango cha juu, unaozungumziwa hapa chini, ni chanzo muhimu cha kuanguka kwa soko, ambapo kupotea kwa uthabiti wa biashara kwa ujumla au mshtuko wan je unaweza kusitisha uzalishaji na usambazaji, na hivyo kudhoofisha masoko ambayo yalikuwa yameimarika hapo awali. Baadhi ya masomo yaliyochanganuliwa ya kiuchumi hushughulika na kuanguka kwa masoko kuliko mengine. Uchumi wa sekta ya umma ni mfano mmoja, kwani iwapo masoko huanguka, basi aina fulani ya uthibiti au mpango wa serikali ndilo jibu. Nyingi za chumi za kimazingira huhusisha vipengele vya nje au “mabaya ya umma". Aina za sera hujumuisha vithibiti ambavyo huonyesha uchambuzi wa gharama-faida au ufumbuzi wa masoko ambao hubadili motisha, kama vile ada za uchafuzi wa mazingira au udhihirishaji upya wa haki za kumiliki mali.<ref> Kneese, Allen K., na Clifford S. Russell (1987). "Environmental Economics", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 2, uk. 159-64.</ref><ref> Samuelson, Paulo A., na [[William D. Nordhaus]] (2004). ''Economics,'' ch. 18, "kulinda mazingira." McGraw-Hill.</ref> ===Makampuni=== [[File:Sao Paulo Stock Exchange.jpg|thumb|right| In Virtual Markets, buyer and seller are not present and trade via intermediates and electronic information. Pictured: São Paulo Stock Exchange.|alt = watu wawili kukaa saa kompyuta wachunguzi na taarifa ya fedha]] Mojawapo ya fikira kuhusu masoko yaliyo na ushindani kamili ni kuwa kunao wazalishaji wengi, hamna baina yao anayeweza kushawishi mabadiliko ya bei wala kufanya kazi pasi na kuzingatia masharti ya soko. Hata hivyo, katika hali halisi, watu hawafanyi biashara tu kwa soko, huwa wanafanya kazi na kuzalisha katika makampuni. Aina za makampuni ni mashirika, ubia na amana. Kwa mujibu wa Ronald Coase, watu huanza kupanga uzalishaji wao katika makampuni wakati gharama za kufanya biashara huwa za chini kuliko wakati wafanyapo shughuli hizi sokoni.<ref> Coase, [[asili ya Firm|''asili ya Firm'' ]] (1937)</ref> Makampuni hujumuisha kazi na mtaji, na zinaweza kupata faida nyingi zaidi za upanuzi (wakati kuzalisha vitu viwili zaidi ni nafuu zaidi kuliko kuzalisha kitu kimoja) kuliko kufanya biashara ya kitu kimoja katika soko. Uchumi wa ajira hutafuta kuelewa utendakazi wa soko na mienendo ya ajira. Masoko ya ajira hufanya kazi kupitia kwa mwingiliano wa wafanyakazi na waajiri. Uchumi wa ajira huangalia watoaji wa huduma za kazi (wafanyakazi), wanaohitaji huduma za kazi (waajiri), na juhudi za kuelewa mifumo inayotokea ya marupurupu na mapato mengine kutokana na kazi na ya ajira na ukosefu wa ajira. Matumizi halisi ni pamoja na kusaidia katika ubuni wa utumizi kamili wa sera.<ref> [[Freeman, RB]] (1987). "Kazi Economics", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 3, uk. 72-76.</ref> Mpagilio wa viwanda hutafiti tabia za mikakati ya makampuni, miundo ya soko na maingiliano yao. Miundo ya kawaida ya masoko iliyotafitiwa ni pamoja na ushindani kamili, ushindani ulio na kundi moja lililo na sehemu kubwa ya shughuli za soko, na aina nyingi ya makundi kadhaa yanayomiliki sehemu kubwa ya soko, na kundi moja linalomiliki sehemu kubwa ya soko.<ref> Schmalensee, Richard (1987). "Viwanda Organization", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 2, uk. 803-808.</ref> Uchumi wa kifedha, huitwao mara nyingi fedha, hushughulika na ugavi wa rasilimali za kifedha katika mazingira ambayo hayana uhakika (au yaliyo na hatari fulani). Kwa hivyo, zingatio lake ni katika utendakazi wa masoko ya kifedha, uwekaji wa gharama katika vifaa vya kiuchumi, na miundo ya kifedha ya makampuni.<ref> [[Ross, Stephen A.]] (1987). "Fedha", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 2, uk. 322-26.</ref> Uchumi wa usimamizi hulinganisha uchambuzi wa uchumi wa kiwango cha chini na maamuzi maalumu katika makampuni ya biashara au vitengo vya usimamizi. Uchumi huu hutegemea sana sana na mbinu za kujumuisha wingi kama vile utafiti wa utendakazi na utaratibishaji na kutoka kwa mbinu za takwimu kama vile uchambuzi wa kuridi nyuma katika hali ya ukosefu wa uhakika na habari kamilifu. Hoja ya kuunganisha ni jaribio la kuimarisha ufanisi wa maamuzi ya kibiashara, ikiwemo kupunguza iwezekanavyo kwa bei ya kitengo na kuongeza iwezekanavyo kwa faida, kulingana na malengo ya kampuni na vikwazo vinavyotokana na teknolojia na hali ya soko.<ref> NA (2007). "usimamizi uchumi". {{cite book | title=The New Encyclopaedia Britannica| date=| pages=v. 7, p. 757| publisher=The New Encyclopaedia Britannica| location=Chicago| isbn=0852294239}}</ref><ref> Hughes, Alan (1987). "Usimamizi Capitalism", [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] v. 3, uk. 293-96.</ref> ===Sekta ya umma=== Fedha za umma ni sehemu ya uchumi ambayo hushughulika na ubuni wa bajeti ya mapato na matumizi ya kitengo cha sekta ya umma, kwa kawaida serikali. Mada hii hushughulikia maswala kama vile malipo ya ushuru (ni nani hasa analipa ushuru fulani), uchambuzi wa gharama-faida wa mipango ya serikali, athari juu ya ufanisi wa kiuchumi na ugavi wa mapato katika aina tofauti za matumizi na ushuru, na siasa za kifedha. Jambo hili la mwisho, ambalo ni kipengele cha nadharia ya chaguo ya umma, hubuni tabia ya sekta ya umma kama mfano wa uchumi wa kiwango cha chini, unaohusisha maingiliano ya wapiga kura wanaojali maslahi yao wenyewe, wanasiasa, na wafanyakazi wa serikali au mashirika mengine.<ref> [[Musgrave, RA]] (1987). "Fedha", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 3, uk. 1055-60.</ref> Wingi wa uchumi ni wa manufaa, kwani hutafuta kueleza na kutabiri matukio ya kiuchumi. Uchumi wa kuamua thamani (normative economics) hujihusisha na kubaini lililo zuri au baya kiuchumi. Uchumi wa ustawi ni tawi la uchumi wa kuamua thamani unaotumia ustadi wa uchumi wa kiwango cha chini ili kubainisha kwa wakati huo huo ufanisi wa ugavi katika uchumi na ugavi wa mapato unaohusishwa nao. Huwa unajaribu kupima ustawi wa jamii kwa kuchunguza shughuli za kiuchumi za watu wanaobuni jamii.<ref> Feldman, Allan M. (1987). "Ustawi Economics", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 4, uk. 889-95.</ref> ==Uchumi wa kiwango cha juu== [[File:Circulation in macroeconomics.svg|thumb|250px|A depiction of the circular flow of income|alt = A graph depicting "Mzunguko katika Microeconomics"]] Uchumi wa kiwango cha juu huchunguza uchumi mzima ilikueleza mikusanyiko mipana na mwingiliano wao “kutoka juu hadi chini,” yaani, kwa kutumia aina iliyorahisishwa ya nadharia ya msawazo wa ujumla.<ref> Blaug, Marko (2007). "Social Sciences De: Economics," ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' v. 27, s. 345.</ref> Mikusanyiko kama hiyo ni pamoja na mapato na mazao ya kitaifa, kiwango cha ukosefu wa ajira, na mfumuko wa bei na mikusanyiko midogo kama jumla ya matumizi na matumizi ya uwekezaji na vipengele vyake. Somo hili hutafiti pia athari za sera ya hazina na sera ya kifedha. Tangu angalau miaka ya 1960, uchumi wa kiwango cha juu umekuwa na ujumuishaji zaidi na hivyo kuwa na sekta za aina ya uchumi wa kiwango cha chini, ikiwemo uwiano wa akili wa washikadau, utumiaji wa ufanisi wa habari ya soko, na ushindani usio kamilifu.<ref> [[Ng, Yew-Kwang]] (1992). "Biashara kujiamini na Kuzuia Unyogovu: A Mesoeconomic Perspective," ''American Economic Review'' 82 (2), uk. 365-371. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-8282%28199205%2982%3A2%3C365%3ABCADPA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-4&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage ]</ref> Jambo hili huzungumzia wasiwasi wa muda mrefu juu ya ukosefu wa uthabiti katika maendeleo ya mada hiyo hiyo.<ref> Howitt, Peter M. (1987). "Uchumi: Uhusiano na Microeconomics". {{cite book | title=[[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]], pp. 273–76| publisher=Macmillan and Stockton| location=London and New York| isbn=0-333-37235-2 | author=edited by John Eatwell, Murray Milgate, Peter Newman. | year=1987}}</ref> Uchambuzi wa uchumi wa kiwango cha juu huzingatia vipengele vinavyoathiri kiwango cha muda mrefu na ukuaji wa mapato ya kitaifa. Vipengele kama hivyo ni pamoja na ukusanyaji wa mtaji, mabadiliko ya kiteknolojia na ukuaji idadi ya wafanyakazi.<ref> Blaug, Marko (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics," uchumi, ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' v. 27, s. 349.</ref><ref> Blanchard, Olivier Jean (1987). "Neoclassical sammanfattande", [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] v. 3, uk. 634-36.</ref> ===Ukuaji=== [[File:Gdp real growth rate 2007 CIA Factbook.PNG|thumb|300px|World map showing GDP real growth rates for 2008|alt = A dunia ramani na nchi mwekundu katika vivuli tofauti ya machungwa]] ''Uchumi wa ukuaji '' hutafiti vipengele vinavyoeleza ukuaji wa kiuchumi – ongezeko la pembejeo kwa kila mkazo wa nchi katika muda mrefu. Vipengele hivyo hivyo hutumika kueleza tofauti katika ''kiwango'' cha mapato kwa mtu ''baina ya'' nchi, hasa kwa nini baadhi ya nchi hukua kwa kasi kuliko zingine, na ikiwa nchi hukutana katika viwango sawa vya ukuaji. Vipengele vilivyochunguzwa zaidi ni pamoja na viwango cha uwekezaji, ukuaji wa idadi ya watu, na mabadiliko ya kiteknolojia. Vipengele hivi huwakilishwa katika namna ya nadharia au ujarabati (kama ilivyo katika miundo ya urasimimpya na ukuaji wa kindani) na katika ukuaji wa uhasibu.<ref>Samuelson, Paulo A., na William D. Nordhaus (2004). [[Uchumi,|''Uchumi,'']] ch. 27, "The Mchakato wa ukuaji wa kiuchumi" McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-287205-5.</ref><ref> [[Uzawa, H.]] (1987). "Models wa Kukuza Uchumi", [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] v. 3, uk. 483-89.</ref> ===Mzunguko wa Biashara=== Uchumi wa unyogofu ndio ulikuwa kichocheo cha ubuni wa “uchumi wa kiwango cha juu” kama kitengo tofauti cha somo la uchumi. Wakati wa Unyogofu Mkuu wa miaka ya 1930, John Maynard Keynes aliandika kitabu kiitwacho ''[[The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money]]'' ambacho kiliorodhesha nadharia muhumu za uchumi wa Keneshia. Keynes alishikilia kuwa mahitaji ya jumla kwa bidhaa yanaweza kutotosha katika nyakati za kurudi nyuma katika ukuaji wa kiuchumi, huku matokeo yake yakiwa ni ukosefu wa ajira wa kiwango cha juu sana na ukosefu wa mapato yaliyokisiwa. Kwa hiyo alitetea kuwekwa kwa sera tendaji na sekta ya umma, kukiwemo kuwekwa kwa sera ya hazina na benki kuu na kuwekwa kwa sera ya kifedha na serikali ili kuimarisha mapato katika muda wa mzunguko wa biashara.<ref>{{cite book | last = Sullivan | first = arthur | authorlink = Arthur O' Sullivan | coauthors = Steven M. Sheffrin | title = Economics: Principles in action | publisher = Prentice Hall | date = 2003 | location = Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 | pages = 396 | url = https://www.savvas.com/index.cfm?locator=PSZu4y&PMDbSiteId=2781&PMDbSolutionId=6724&PMDbSubSolutionId=&PMDbCategoryId=815&PMDbSubCategoryId=24843&PMDbSubjectAreaId=&PMDbProgramId=23061 | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-13-063085-3 | access-date = 2021-02-24 | archive-date = 2016-12-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161220014709/https://www.savvas.com/index.cfm?locator=PSZu4y&PMDbSiteId=2781&PMDbSolutionId=6724&PMDbSubSolutionId=&PMDbCategoryId=815&PMDbSubCategoryId=24843&PMDbSubjectAreaId=&PMDbProgramId=23061 | dead-url = yes }}</ref> Kwa hivyo, hitimisho muhimu la uchumi wa Keneshia ni kuwa, katika hali fulani, hakuna ustadi wa moja kwa moja unaosogeza mapato na ajira kuelekea viwango vya uwepo wa ajira kwa wafanyakazi wote. [[Muundo wa John Hicks wa IS/LM umekuwa ndiyo tafsiri yenye ushawishi mkuu zaidi wa Nadharia ya Kiujumla.|Muundo wa John Hicks wa IS/LM umekuwa ndiyo tafsiri yenye ushawishi mkuu zaidi wa ''Nadharia ya Kiujumla.'' ]] Jinsi miaka imeendelea kupita, ndivyo kueleweka kwa mzunguko wa biashara kumegawika katika matawi mbalimbali ya mawazo, yanayohusika na au kutofautiana na Ukeneshia. [[]]Muhtasari wa urasimimpya huashiria mapatano ya uchumi wa Keneshia na ule wa urasimimpya, huku ukisema kuwa Ukeneshia unafaa katika muda mfupi, huku uchumi ukifuata nadharia ya urasimimpya katika muda mrefu. Mfumo wa Mpya wa urasimi hukosoa maoni ya Keneshia juu ya mzunguko wa kibiashara. Unahitimisha kuwa dhana ya Friedman ya mapato ya kudumu juu ya matumizi, “mageuzi ya matarajio yaendayo na mawazo"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100705024756/http://www.economics.harvard.edu/files/faculty/40_Macroeconomist_as_Scientist.pdf The Statesman na Macroeconomist kama Mhandisi,] Gregory Mankiw, Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard, Mei 2006</ref> yaliyoongozwa na Robert Lucas, na nadharia ya mzunguko halisi wa biashara. Kwa kinyume, mfumo Mpya wa Keneshia hushikilia matarajio ya kimawazo, ingawa hushikilia aina mbalimbali za kuanguka kwa masoko. Ukeneshia Mpya hasa hushikilia kuwa bei na marupurupu “havibadiliki”, kumaanisha kuwa havibadiliki moja kwa moja kulingana na hali ya kiuchumi. Kwa hivyo, urasimi mpya hushikilia kuwa bei na marupurupu hufikia ajira kwa kila mtu moja kwa moja, huku Wakeneshia wapya huona ajira kwa watu wote ikifikiwa tu baada ya muda mrefu, na hivyo kuhitaji sera za serikali na benki kuu kwa sababu “muda mrefu” haupo mbali sana. ===Mfumuko wa bei na sera ya kifedha=== [[File:BMC 06.jpg|thumb|right|A 640 BCE one-third stater electrum coin from Lydia, shown larger. One of the first standardized coins.|alt = mbele na nyuma ya sarafu. A kiumbe's kichwa ni juu ya mbele.]] [[Pesa]] ni ''njia ya malipo ya mwisho '' ya bidhaa katika mingi ya mifumo ya bei na kitengo cha akaunti ambacho hutumika kwa kawaida kwa kuweka bei. Hujumuisha sarafu ambazo zinashukiliwa na umma usio benki na amana ambazo zinaweza kulipwa na pesa. Mfumo huu umeelezwa kuwa mkataba wa kijamii, kama lugha, inayofaa mmoja kwa sababu inawafaa wengine. Kama chombo cha ubadilishanaji, pesa huwezesha biashara. Kazi yake ya kiuchumi inaweza kutofautishwa na ubadilishanaji wa bidhaa (ubadilishanaji ambao hauhusishi pesa). Huku kukiwa na aina tofauti tofauti za bidhaa zilizozalishwa na wazalishaji maalum, ubadilishanaji wa bidhaa unaweza kuhitaji bahati mara dufu ambayo ni ngumu kupata kulingana na vitu vya kubadilisha, kwa mfano tufaha na kitabu. Pesa inaweza kupunguza gharama ya ubadilishanaji kwa sababu ya kukubalika kwake kwa urahisi. Hivyo, huwa ni nafuu zaidi kwa muuzaji kukubali pesa katika ubadilishanaji, kuliko mazao ambayo mnunuzi huzalisha.<ref> [[Tobin, James]] (1992). "Pesa" (Money kama Social Institution na Utawala wa Umma), ''The New Palgrave Dictionary wa Fedha na Money,'' v. 2, uk. 770-71.</ref> Katika kiwango cha uchumi, nadharia na ushahidi vinalingana sawa sawa na uhusiano wa manufaa unaotoka kwa jumla ya usambazaji wa pesa kelekea kwa bei ya siku hiyo na jumla ya mapato na kiwango cha bei ya kawaida. Kwa sababu hii, usimamizi wa usambazaji wa pesa ni kipengele muhimu cha sera ya kifedha.<ref> [[Milton Friedman]] (1987). "Quantity Nadharia ya Fedha", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 4, uk. 15-19.</ref><ref> Samuelson, Paulo A., na William D. Nordhaus (2004). ''Uchumi,'' ch. 2, "Money: The Lubroicant ya Exchange" sehemu, ch. 33, TIN. 33-3.</ref> ===Sera ya hazina na uratibishaji=== Uhasibu wa kitaifa ni mbinu ya kujumlisha mkusanyiko wa shughuli za kibiashara katika taifa. Akaunti za taifa ni mifumo ya uhasibu ya ncha mbili za kuweka hesabu ambayo hutoa hatua za kiundani zilizo na maelezo bayana kama hayo. Akaunti hizi ni pamoja na akaunti za kitaifa za mapato na bidhaa (NIPA), ambazo hutoa makadirio ya thamani ya pesa ya mazao na mapato kwa mwaka au robo. NIPA huruhusu kufuatilia kwa utendakazi wa uchumi na vipengele vyake kupitia kwa mizunguko ya kibiashara au katika vipindi virefu zaidi. Takwimu za bei zinaweza kuruhusu kutofautisha kwa bei ya siku kutoka kwa bei halisi, yaani, kurekebisha jumla ya pesa kwa mabadiliko ya bei kupitia vipindi vya nyakati.<ref> Usher, D. (1987), "Real Mapato", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 4, uk 104.</ref><ref> [[Sen, Amartya]] (1979), "The Ustawi Msingi wa Real Mapato Linganisho: A Survey," ''Journal of Economic Fasihi,'' 17 (1), p [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-0515%28197903%2917%3A1%3C1%3ATWBORI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-6&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage s. 1-45.]</ref> Akaunti za kitaifa hujumuisha pia kipimo cha mitaji ya hisa, utajiri wa taifa, na mtiririko wa mtaji wa kimataifa.<ref name="Ruggles"> Ruggles, Nancy D. (1987), "Social Accounting". {{cite book | title=[[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] | pages=v. 3, 377| publisher=Macmillan and Stockton| location=London and New York| isbn=0-333-37235-2 | author=edited by John Eatwell, Murray Milgate, Peter Newman. | year=1987}}</ref> ==Uchumi wa kimataifa== Biashara ya kimataifa hutafiti vigezo vya mtiririko wa bidhaa-na-huduma kupitia mipaka ya kimataifa. Hushughulika pia ukubwa na usambazaji wa faida kutoka kwa biashara. Utendakazi wa sera hujumuisha kukisiwa kwa kubadilika kwa viwango vya ushuru na sehemu ya haki ya kibiashara. Fedha ya kimataifa ni kitengo cha uchumi wa kiwango cha juu kinachodadisi mtiririko wa mtaji kupitia mipaka ya kimataifa, na athari za mabadiliko katika viwango vya ubadilishaji. Kuongezeka biashara ya bidhaa, huduma na mtaji baina ya nchi ni athari kuu ya utandawazi wa leo.<ref> Anderson, James E. (2008). "Nadharia ya Biashara ya Kimataifa", [[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition.|''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition.'' ]]''[http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_I000263&q=international%20economics&topicid=&result_number=14 Abstract.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_I000263&q=international%20economics&topicid=&result_number=14 |date=20130528152658 }}''</ref><ref>Venables, A. (2001), "International Trade: Economic Integration," [[International Encyclopedia wa Social Sciences & Behavioral,|International Encyclopedia wa Social Sciences & ''Behavioral,'' ]] ''uk. 7843-7848.'' ''[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B7MRM-4MT09VJ-1KT&_rdoc=11&_hierId=151000136&_refWorkId=21&_explode=151000131,151000136&_fmt=high&_orig=na&_docanchor=&_idxType=SC&view=c&_ct=14&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=47bbf40341b26c67ef404dffbbba46a8. Abstract.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B7MRM-4MT09VJ-1KT&_rdoc=11&_hierId=151000136&_refWorkId=21&_explode=151000131,151000136&_fmt=high&_orig=na&_docanchor=&_idxType=SC&view=c&_ct=14&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=47bbf40341b26c67ef404dffbbba46a8. |date=20080926171815 }}''</ref><ref> Obstfeld, Maurice (2008). "Kimataifa ya Fedha", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd ''Edition.'' ''[http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_I000169&q=international%20finance&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_I000169&q=international%20finance&topicid=&result_number=1 |date=20130528160832 }}''</ref> [[File:GDP PPP Per Capita IMF 2008.png|thumb|300px|World map showing GDP (PPP) per capita.|alt = A dunia ramani na nchi mbalimbali colored colors.]] Kitengo tofauti cha ''[[uchumi wa ustawi]]'' huchunguza vipengele vya uchumi vilivyo katika mchakato wa ustawi katika nchi zilizo na mapato ya chini huku kikizingatia kwa ubadilishaji wa mifumo, ufukara, na ukuaji wa uchumi. Mielekeo katika uchumi wa ustawi mara nyingi hujumuisha vipengele vya kijamii na vya kisiasa.<ref> Kengele, Clive (1987). "Maendeleo ya Uchumi", [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] V. 1, uk. 818-26.</ref><ref> Blaug, Marko (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics," Kukuza Uchumi na maendeleo, ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' v. 27, s. 351. Chicago.</ref> Mifumo ya kiuchumi ni tawi la uchumi linalotafiti mbinu na taasisi ambazo jamii hutumia kubaini umiliki, usimamizi, na ugavi wa rasilimali za kiuchumi. ''Mfumo'' wa ''kiuchumi'' wa jamii ni kitengo cha utafiti. Katika mifumo ya kisasa katika nchi tofauti za upindi wa uratibishaji ni mifumo ya kisoshialisti na kikapitalisti, ambako wingi wa uzalishaji hutokea katika mashirika yanayosimamiwa na serikali na yale ya kibinafsi mtawalia. Baina ya makundi haya mawili kunao chumi zilizochanganyika. Jambo linalotokea katika makundi haya yote ni mwingiliano vishawishi vya kiuchumi na kisiasa, ambavyo huelezwa kwa upana kuwa uchumi wa kisiasa. ''[[Mifumo linganifu ya kiuchumi]]'' hutafiti utendakazi na tabia ya chumi au mifumo tofauti.<ref> [[Heilbroner, Robert Yale]] na Peter J. Boettke (2007). "Uchumi Systems", ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' aya ya 17, uk. 908-15.</ref><ref> NA (2007). "mfumo wa kiuchumi," ''Encyclopaedia Britannica online'' kortfattad Encyclopedia [http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9363397 entry.]</ref> ==Uchumi katika utekelezi== Uchumi wa sasa uliotanda, kama kitengo rasmi cha mifano cha hisabati, unaweza pia kuitwa uchumi wa kihisabati.<ref name="Colander2007"></ref> Uchumi huu hutegemea vifaa vya masomo ya kihisabati ya calculus, linear algebra, takwimu, nadharia ya bahati, na sayansi ya kompyuta.<ref> [[Debreu, Gerard]] (1987). "Mathematical Economics", ''The [[New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]]'' v. 3, uk. 401-03.</ref> Wanauchumi wa kitaalamu hutarajiwa kujua vifaa hivi, ingawa wanauchumi wote huwa na utaalamu, na baadhi yao huwa wataalamu wa uchumikihisabati na mbinu za kihisabati huku wengine wakiwa wataalamu katika vitengo vingine ambavyo havina hesabu nyingi. Wanauchumi wa mfumo wa heterodox hutilia hisabati msisitizo mchache, na baadhi ya wanauchumi wa kihistoria, wakiwemo Adam Smith na Joseph Schumpeter, hawajakuwa wanahisabati. Mawazo ya kiuchumi huhusisha ujuzi wa akili kuhusu dhana za kiuchumi, na wanauchumi hujaribu kuchambua hadi pale wanagundua matokeo ambayo hayakutarajiwa. ===Nadharia=== Nadharia ya uchumi iliyotanda hutegemea mifumo ya kiuchumi ya kihisabati ambayo haitegemei uzoevu, ambayo hutumia dhana kadha wa kadha. Nadharia huendelea mbele na wazo la ''[[vipengele vingine vikibaki vilivyo]],'' ambalo humaanisha kumudu vipengele vingine jinsi vilivyo ila kile kimoja kinachozingatiwa. Katika kubuni nadharia, lengo ni kupata zile ambazo kwa uchache ni rahisi kwa matakwa ya habari, sahihi zaidi katika utabiri wake, na za faida kubwa katika uzalishaji wa utafiti zaidi kuliko nadharia zilizokuwepo awali.<ref> [[Milton Friedman]] (1953). [["The Methodolojia wa Positive Uchumi,"]] ''Insha katika Positive Economics,'' University of Chicago Press, uk 10.</ref> Katika uchumi wa kiwango cha chini, dhana kuu ni pamoja na ugavi na mahitaji, upembezoni, nadharia ya chaguo la kutokana na mawazo, gharama ya fursa, vikwazo vya kibajeti, utumiaji na nadharia ya kampuni.<ref> Boland, Lawrence A. (1987). "Methodolojia", [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] v. 3, uk. 455-58.</ref><ref name="Dissension"> {{cite journal | author=Frey, Bruno S., Werner W. Pommerehne, Friedrich Schneider, and Guy Gilbert. | title=Consensus and Dissension Among Economists: An Empirical Inquiry| journal=American Economic Review| year=1984| volume=74| issue=5|pages= p[http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002–8282%28198412%2974%3A5%3C986%3ACADAEA%3E2.0.CO%3B2–E&size=LARGE p. 986–994] }} Accessed on 2007/03/17.</ref> [[Mifumo ya mapema ya uchumi wa kiwango cha juu ilizinhatia kubuni uhusiano baina ya vipengele jumuishi, lakini kwa vile uhusiano ulionekana kubadilika katika wakati wanauchumi walishurutishwa kutumia wakfu za kiwango cha chini kama msingi wa mifumo yao.]] Dhana za uchumi wa kiwango cha chini ambazo zimekwishatajwa huwa na nafasi muhimu katika mifumo ya uchumi wa kiwango cha juu – kwa mfano, katika nadharia ya kifedha, nadharia ya viwango ya pesa hutabiri kuwa kuongezeka katika usambazaji wa pesa huongeza mfumuko wa bei, na mfumuko wa bei hufikiriwa kushawishika na matarajio ya kifikira. Katika uchumi wa ustawi, ukuaji wa polepole katika mataifa yanayostawi unetabiriwa mara nyingine kwa sababu ya kupungua kwa mapato ya pembezoni kutoka kwa uwekezaji na mtaji, na hali hii imeonekana katika mataifa manne ya Kiasia yajulikanayo kama Four Asian Tigers. Mara nyingine dhana ya kiuchumi huwa tu ni ya ''[[kueleza jinsi ya kitu]]'' na wala si ya ''kihisabati.'' <ref> Quirk, James (1987). "Kvalitativa Economics", ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 4, uk. 1-3.</ref> Maonyesho ya kubainisha fikira za kiuchumi mara nyingi hutumia michoro ya pande mbili ili kuonyesha husiano za kinadharia. Katika kiwango cha juu cha ujumuishaji, maandishi ya Paul Samuelson ''[[Foundations of Economic Analysis]]'' (1947) yalitumia mbinu za kihisabati kueleza nadharia, hasa jinsi ya kuweka kwa kiwango cha juu zaidi uhusiano wa kitabia wa vipengele tekelezi ili kufikia msawazo. Kitabu hicho kilizingatia kuchunguza kundi la taarifa lijulikanalo kama ''semi za kinadharia zenye maana katika utekelezi'' katika uchumi, ambazo ni semi za kinadharia ambazo zinaweza kupingwa na takwimu za ujarabati.<ref name="Foundations">{{cite book | title=[[Foundations of Economic Analysis]], Enlarged Edition| last=Samuelson| first=Paul A.| authorlink=Paul Samuelson| date=1947, 1983| pages=[https://archive.org/details/foundationsofeco0000samu/page/4 4]| publisher=Harvard University Press| location=Boston| isbn=978–0674313019}}</ref> ===Utafiti wa ujarabati=== Nadharia za kiuchumi mara nyingi huchunguzwa kijarabati, sanasana kwa kutumia uchumukihisabati kutumia takwimu za kiuchumi.<ref> Hashem, M. Pesaren (1987). "Econometrics," [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] v. 2, uk 8.</ref> Majaribio ya kuthibitiwa yanayopatikana sanasana katika sayansi za kiasili ni magumu na hayapatikana sana katika somo la kiuchumi<ref>sannolikheten, econometrics na ukweli: kwa njia ya econometrics By Hugo A. Keuzenkamp Published by Cambridge University Press, 2000 ISBN 0521553598, 9780521553599 Kurasa 312, ukurasa wa 13: "... katika uchumi, ni nadra kudhibitiwa majaribio na majaribio kudhibitiwa reproducible hata hivyo zaidi ..."</ref>,na badala yake takwimu za upana hutafitiwa kwa kufanyiwa uchunguzi; aina hii ya uchunguzi huonekana na wengi kuwa rahisi kuliko ile ya majaribio ya kuthibitiwa, na mahitimisho huwa kwa kawaida yasiyo na uhakika kamili. Idadi ya sheria zilizovumbuliwa na somo la kiuchumi ni ya chini ikilinganishwa na ile ya sayansi asilia.{{citation needed|date=Juni 2009}} Mbinu za kutumia takwimu kama vile uchambuzi wa kurudi nyuma ni za kawaida. Watekelezaji hutumia mbinu kama hizo kukisia ukubwa, umuhimu wa kiuchumi, na umuhimu wa takwimu (“nguvu za ishara”) za mahusiano yaliyokisiwa na kuratibisha kelele kutoka kwa vipengele vingine. Kwa njia hiyo, dhana inaweza kukubaliwa, ingawa kwa jinsi ya makisio na wala si uhakika. Kukubalika hutegemea dhana zinazoweza kuwekewa uongo ambazo zilimudu majaribio. Utumiaji wa mbinu zinazokubalika kwa kawaida hauna haja ya kutoa hitimisho la mwisho. Au hata makubaliano juu ya swala fulani, ikiwa lilikuwa na majaribio tofauti, takwimu tofauti, na imani za awali. Ukosoaji unaolenga viwango vya kitaalamu na ukosefu wa kufanana katika matokeo huwa ni masharti zaidi dhidi ya uonevu, upotovu, na ujumuisha wa kiwango cha juu mno,<ref name="Dissension"></ref><ref> Blaug, Marko (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics" (Utaratibu wa inference na kupima nadharia), ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' v. 27, s. 347.</ref> ingawa wingi wa utafiti wa kiuchumi umekosolewa kwa ukosefu wa kufanana katika matokeo, na nakala za kifahari zimekosolewa kwa kutowezesha urudiaji wa matokeo yaliyofanana kwa kutoa nambari za kificho na takwimu.<ref name="McCullough2007">{{cite journal | author = McCullough, B.D. | year = 2007 | title = Got Replicability | journal = The Journal of Money, Banking and Credit Archive. Econ Journal Watch | volume = 4 | issue = 3 | pages = 326–337 | url = http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/McCulloughAbstractSeptember2007.pdf | accessdate = 2008-06-07 | format = PDF | archive-date = 2008-06-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080625054132/http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/McCulloughAbstractSeptember2007.pdf | dead-url = yes }}</ref> Kama ilivyo katika nadharia, matumizi ya takwimu za majaribio huwa yamefunguka yenyewe kwa uchambuzi wa kukosolewa,<ref> Kennedy, Peter (2003). ''A Guide to Econometrics,'' 5th ed., "Amri Kumi 21.2 ya Applied Econometrics," uk. 390-96 [http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=B8I5SP69e4kC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&ots=w8xiZdkYWb&sig=_YKfXmJbK4-F3H4zsMl8N-U5BGo#PRA1-PA390,M1 (Sammandrag).]</ref><ref> McCloskey, Deirdre N. na Stephen T. Ziliak (1996). "The Standard Error ya Regressions," ''Journal of Economic Fasihi,'' 34 (1), uk. [http://www.deirdremccloskey.com/docs/pdf/Article_189.pdf 97-114.] </ref><ref>Hoover, Kevin D., na Marko V. Siegler (2008). "Sauti na hasira na McCloskey Testing Maana katika Uchumi," ''Journal of Economic Methodolojia,'' 15 (1), uk. 1-37 [https://web.archive.org/web/20080527204129/http://129.3.20.41/econ-wp/em/papers/0511/0511018.pdf (2005 prepubication Programme).] Reply ya McCloskey na Ziliak na rejoinder, uk. 39-68.</ref> ingawa ufafanuzi muhimu wa nakala juu ya uchumi katika jedwali za kifahari kama vile ''[[American Economic Review]]'' umepungua kwa kiwango kikubwa katika miaka 40 iliyopita.<ref name="Coelho2005">{{cite journal | author = Coelho, P.R.P. | coauthors = De Worken-eley Iii, F.; McClure, J.E. | year = 2005 | title = Decline in Critical Commentary, 1963–2004 | journal = Econ Journal Watch | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | pages = 355–361 | url = http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/CoelhoetalAbstractAugust2005.pdf | accessdate = 2008-06-10 | format = PDF | archive-date = 2008-06-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080625054129/http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/CoelhoetalAbstractAugust2005.pdf | dead-url = yes }}</ref> .[116] Jambo hili limehusishwa na motisha ya majedwali ya kutaka kuongeza nukuu ili kuorodheshwa katika nafasi nzuri kwenye Fahirisi ya Nukuu za Sayansi ya Kijamii - Social Science Citation Index (SSCI).<ref name="Whaples2006">{{cite journal | author = Whaples, R. | year = 2006 | title = The Costs of Critical Commentary in Economics Journals | journal = Econ Journal Watch | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 275–282 | url = http://ideas.repec.org/a/ejw/volone/2006275-282.html | accessdate = 2008-06-10 | archive-date = 2008-01-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080129025046/http://ideas.repec.org/a/ejw/volone/2006275-282.html | dead-url = yes }}</ref> Katika uchumi tekelezi, mifumo ya pembejeo na mapato itumiayo mbinu za utaratibishaji wa kunyooka (linear programming) ni ya kawaida mno. Viwango vikubwa vya takwimu hupitishwa katika mipangilio ya kompyuta ili kuchambua matokeo ya sera fulani; IMPLAN ni mfano mmoja maarufu. Uchumi wa majaribio umeimarisha utumiaji wa majaribio ya kuthibitiwa ya kisayansi. Hali hii imepunguza tofauti ya kutoka jadi baina ya uchumi na sayansi asili wa kukubalia majaribio ya vipengele vilivyofikiriwa hapo awali kuwa dhana.<ref> [Bastable, CF] (1925). "Experimental Utaratibu katika Uchumi," ''Palgrave's Dictionary of Economics,'' reprinted katika ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics'' (1987, v. 2, p. 241.</ref><ref> [[Smith, Vernon L.]] (1987), "Experimental Utaratibu katika Economics", ii. ''Palgrave Mpya: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 2, uk. 241-42.</ref> Katika visa kadhaa majaribio haya yamegundua kuwa dhana huwa si sahihi hasa; kwa mfano mchezo wa hatima ulionyesha kuwa watu hukataa matoleo ambayo hayatoshani. Katika uchumi wa kitabia, wanasaikolojia Daniel Kahneman na Amos Tversky wameshinda Matuzo ya Nobel ya kiuchumi kwa kazi ya uvumbuzi wa kijarabati wa uonevu wa kimawazo na jibu lililo karibu zaidi na jibu halisi (heuristics). Majaribio ya ujarabati yanayofanana na hayo hufanywa katika somo la uchumi wa kiubongo (neuroeconomics). Mfano mwingine ni wazo la chaguzi za kibinafsi dhidi ya mfumo ambao huchunguza chaguzi binafsi, za kutaka ustawi wa wengine na za ushirikiano.<ref>Fehr, Ernst, na Urs Fischbacher (2003). "Asili ya Binadamu Altruism," ''Nature'' 425, 23 Oktoba, [http://www.kabbalah.info/forums/arosa/engmaterials/Altruism/Ernst_Fehr___Urs_Fischbacher__The_Nature_of_Human_Altruism.pdf uk. 785-791.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kabbalah.info/forums/arosa/engmaterials/Altruism/Ernst_Fehr___Urs_Fischbacher__The_Nature_of_Human_Altruism.pdf |date=20130828121217 }}</ref><ref>Sigmund, Karl, Ernst Fehr, na Martin A. Nowak (2002), "The Economics ya Fair Play," ''kisayansi Marekani,'' 286 (1) Januari, [http://www.scribd.com/word/full/2188440?access_key=key-2ejknqyx744p0e6mcc21 uk. 82-87.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.scribd.com/word/full/2188440?access_key=key-2ejknqyx744p0e6mcc21 |date=20120521062428 }}</ref> Ustadi huu umesababisha wengine kusema kuwa uchumi ni “sayansi halisi.".<ref name="Imperialism">{{cite journal| author=Lazear, Edward P.| title=Economic Imperialism| journal=American Economic Review| year=2000| volume=115| issue=1|pages= p[http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0033–5533%28200002%29115%3A1%3C99%3AEI%3E2.0.CO%3B2–W&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage p. 99–994]| unused_data=Quarterly Journal of Economics }}</ref> ===Nadharia ya bahati=== Nadharia ya bahati ni tawi la hisabati tekelezi ambalo hutafiti mwingiliano wa mbinu baina ya vipengele tekelezi. Katika mbinu za bahati, vipengele tekelezi huchagua mbinu ambazo zitaongeza mapato yao, ukilinganisha na mbini ambazo vipengele vingine huchagua. Nadhari hii hutoa mfumo rasmi wa mwelekeo kwa hali za kijamii ambapo wafanya maamuzi huingiliana na watendaji wengine. Nadharia ya bahati hujumuishwa mielekeo ya kuongeza yaliyobuniwa ili kutafiti soko kama vile mfumo wa ugavi na mahitaji. Somo hili lilitokana na kitabu cha urasimi cha 1944 kiitwacho ''[[Theory of Games and Economic Behavior]]'' kilichoandikwa na John von Neumann na Oskar Morgenstern. Somo hili limepata utekelezi wa kiwango kikubwa kiasi katika sehemu nyingi nje ya uchumi vile inavyofikiriwa, ambayo ni pamoja na ubuni wa ustadi wa kinyuklia, maadili, sayanzi ya kisiasa na nadharia ya mageuzi.<ref> [[Aumann, RJ]] (1987). "Game Theory", [[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] v. 2, uk. 460-82.</ref> ===Taaluma=== Kufanywa taaluma kwa uchumi, jinsi inavyoonekana katika ongezeko la masomo ya daraja ya pili ya vyuo vikuu katika somo hilo, kumeelezwa kuwa “badiliko kuu katika somo la uchumi tangu miaka ya 1900".<ref> [[O. Ashenfelter]] (2001), "Uchumi: Overview," The Profession wa Uchumi, ''[[International Encyclopedia wa Social Sciences & Behavioral]],'' v. 6, uk 4159.</ref> Idadi kubwa ya vyuo vikuu vya kutajika na taasisi nyingi huwa na somo kuu, kitivo, au idara kuu ambapo shahada za kielimu hutolewa katika somo hili, iwe ni kwa masomo ya sanaa huria, biashara, au kwa masomo ya taaluma. Tuzo la Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (kwa usemi, Tuzo la Nobel katika Uchumi) ni tuzo ambalo hutolewa kwa mwanauchumi kila mwaka kwa mchango mkuu wa kimawazo katika somo hili. Katika sekta ya kibinafsi, wanauchumi wataalamu huajiriwa kama washauri na katika sekta, inayojumuisha uhifadhi katika benki na maswala ya kifedha. Wanauchumi pia hufanya kazi katika idara na mashirika ya serikali, kama vile Hazina ya kitaifa, Benki Kuu au Afisi ya Takwimu. ==Somo la uchumi na masomo mengine== Uchumi ni mojawapo ya sayansi za kijamii baina ya zingine kadhaa na huwa na matawi yanayopakana na masomo mengine, yakiwemo jiografia ya kiuchumi, historia ya kiuchumi, uchaguzi wa umma, uchumi na nisharti, uchumi wa utamaduni, na uchumi wa taasisi. Sheria na uchumi au utafiti wa kiuchumi wa sheria, ni mwelekeo wa nadharia ya kisheria ambao hutumia mbinu za kiuchumia katika sheria. Somo hili hujumuisha utumizi wa dhana za kiuchumi ili kueleza athari za kanuni za kisheria, kubainisha ni kanuni zipi za kisheria zilizo na ufanisi wa kiuchumi, na kutabiri ni kanuni za kisheria zinazweza kuwa.<ref> [[Friedman, Daudi]] (1987). "Sheria na Uchumi," ''The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics,'' v. 3, uk 144.</ref><ref>[[Posner, Richard A.]] (1972). ''Kiuchumi Uchambuzi wa sheria.'' Aspen, 7 ed., 2007) ISBN 978-0-735-56354-4.</ref> Makala ya mafundisho yaliyoandikwa na Ronald Coase na kuchapishwa mnamo 1961 yalipendekeza kuwa sheria za umiliki wa mali zilizodhihirishwa vyema hushinda matatizo yanayotokana na vipengele vua nje.<ref> [[Coase, Ronald]], "The Problem of Social Cost", ''[[The Journal wa Sheria na Uchumi]]'' Vol.3, No.1 (1960). Suala hili kwa kweli mara iliyochapishwa mwaka 1961.</ref> Uchumi wa kiasiasa ni utafiti unaojumuisha masomo mengi kwa kuchanganya uchumi, sheria, na sayansi ya kisiasa ili kueleza jinsi taasisi za kisiasa, mazingira ya kisiasa, ma mfumo wa kiuchumi (ukapitalisti, usoshialisti, mchanganyiko) hushawishiana. Unatafiti maswali kama vile jinsi makundi yanayotawala shughuli za soko, tabia ya kutafuta manufaa ya kibinafsi kwa madhara ya wengine, na vipengele vya nje vinafaa kuathiri sera ya serikali.<ref> Groenwegen (1987, p.906)</ref><ref> Anne O. Krueger, "The Political Economy ya Kodi-Kutafuta Society," ''American Economic Review,'' 64 (3), Juni 1974, pp.291-303</ref> [[Wanahistoria wametumia uchumi wa kisiasa kutafiti njia za wakati uliopita ambazo watu na makundi yaliyo na maslahi yanayofanana ya kiuchumi wametumia siasa ili kuleta mabadiliko ambayo yanafaidi maslahi yao.|Wanahistoria wametumia ''uchumi wa kisiasa '' kutafiti njia za wakati uliopita ambazo watu na makundi yaliyo na maslahi yanayofanana ya kiuchumi wametumia siasa ili kuleta mabadiliko ambayo yanafaidi maslahi yao.<ref> McCoy, Drew R. "Jamhuri ya ndoto: Siasa Ecocomy katika Jeffersonian Amerika ", Chapel Hill, Chuo Kikuu cha North Carolina, 1980.</ref>]][[Somo la Uchumi#cite note-76|<span class="mw-reflink-text">[76]</span>]] [[Uchumi wa nishati ni sehemu pana ya somo la kisayansi inayojumuisha mada zinazohusiana na ugavi wa nishati na mahitaji ya nishati.]] [[]]Georgescu-Roegen alianzisha upya dhana ya entropy aliyoihusisha na uchumi na nishati kutoka kwa somo la ubadilishaji wa nishati la thermodynamics, huku akiitofautisha na kile alichoona kuwa msingi wa kiufundi wa uchumi wa urasimimpya unaotokana na fizkia ya Newton. Kazi yake ilichangia kwa kiwango kikubwa kwa somo la uchumi wa kubadilisha nishati kuwa kazi na joto na kwa uchumi wa kiikolojia. Vilevile alifanya kazi ya kimsingi ambayo iliendelea na kuwa uchumi wa mageuzi.<ref> Cleveland, C. na Ruta, M. 1997. Wakati, ambapo, na kwa kiasi gani kufanya mipaka biophysical inverka mchakato wa kiuchumi? Utafiti wa Georgescu-Roegen's mchango kiikolojia uchumi. ''Ecological Economics'' 22: 203-223.</ref><ref> Daly, H. 1995. On Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen's kuchangia uchumi: An obituary insha. ''Ecological Economics'' 13: 149-54.</ref><ref> MAYUMI, K. 1995. Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen (1906-1994): en admirable epistemologist. ''Strukturella Change na Uchumi Dynamics'' 6: 115-120.</ref><ref> MAYUMI, K. na Gowdy, JM (eds.) 1999. ''Bioeconomics na Sustainability: Essays katika Heshima ya Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen.'' Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.</ref><ref> MAYUMI, K. 2001. ''Chanzo cha Ecological Economics: The Bioeconomics ya Georgescu-Roegen.'' London: Routledge.</ref> ==Ukosoaji wa somo la kiuchumi== "Sayansi duni” ni jina badala lililo la kudharau litumikalo kwa uchumi na lililobuniwa na mwanahistoria wa enzi ya Victoria Thomas Carlyle katika karne ya 19. Mara nyingi, husemekana kuwa Carlyle aliupatia uchumi jina la utani la “sayansi duni” kama jibu kwa maandishi karne ya 18 ya Reverend Thomas Robert Malthus, ambaye alitabiri kwa hofu kuwa njaa ingetokea, vile matarajio ya ukuaji wa idadi ya watu yangezidi ongezeko la usambazaji wa chakula. Mafundisho ya Malthus hatimaye yalijulikana chini ya mwavuli wa maneno “Dhana Duni ya Malthus". Utabiri wake ulisitishwa na uboreshaji mkubwa ambao haukuwa umetarajiwa katika ufanisi wa uzalishaji wa vyakula katika karne ya 20; ilhali mwisho wa hatari ambao aliutabiri unabaki kuwa uwezekano ambao haukubaliki na wengine, ikiwa uzuli wa binadamu utashindwa kumudu ongezeko la idadi ya watu.<ref> {{cite book |last= Malthus |first= Thomas Robert |editor= |others= |title= An Essay on the Principle of Population, As It Affects the Future Improvement of Society, with Remarks on the Speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and Other Writers |url= http://www.econlib.org/library/Malthus/malPop.html |accessdate= 2008-06-28 |edition= 1st |year= 1798 |publisher= J Johnson |location= London |chapter= Chapter II }} </ref> Baadhi ya wanauchumi kama vile John Stuart Mill au Leon Walras, wamedumisha fikira kuwa uzalishaji wa mali haufai kuunganishwa na usambazaji wake. Uzalishaji ni kitengo cha “uchumi tekelezi” huku usambazaji ukiwa ni aina ya “uchumi wa kijamii” na sana sana huwa ni swala la mamlaka na siasa.<ref> ''Mwanzo wa Kiuchumi Ideas,'' Guy Routh (1989)</ref> Katika ''The Wealth of Nations,'' [[Adam Smith]] anazungumzia masuala mengi ambayo kwa sasa ni mada ya mjadala na mabishano. Smith alishambuliwa mara kadhaa makundi ya watu waliojihusisha na siasa ambao hujaribu kutukia ushawishi wao kuishurutisha serikali kufanya vile watakavyo. Katika enzi ya Smith, haya yaliitwa makundi ya wafitini, lakini kwa sasa hujulikana sana kama maslahi maalum, jina ambalo linaweza kujumuisha wafanyakazi wa mabenki, mashirika ya makampuni, makundi yanayotawala kwa wazi shughuli za soko, kikundi kimoja kinachotawala shughuli za soko, vyama vya wafanyakazi na makundi mengine.<ref>Se Noam Chomsky ''(Kuelewa Power),'' [http://www.understandingpower.com/Chapter5.htm#f1 ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.understandingpower.com/Chapter5.htm#f1 |date=20081014032025 }} katika Smith's mkazo juu ya vita katika darasa Utajiri wa Mataifa</ref> Uchumi halisi, kama sayansi ya kijamii, huwa huru kutoka kwa vitendo vya kisiasa vya serikali yoyote au mashirika mengine yanayofanya uamuzi, hata hivyo, wabuni wengi wa sera au watu binafsi walio na vyeo vikubwa sana ambavyo vinaweza kuwa na ushawishi katika maisha ya watu wengine wana sifa ya kutumia bila mpangilio wowote dhana nyingi sana za kiuchumi na maneno matupu kama chombo cha kuhalalisha ajenda na mifumo ya maadili, na huwa hawakomeshi usemi wao kwa maswala yanayohusu majukumu waliyo nayo.{{citation needed|date=Julai 2009}} wa karibu wa nadharia na utekelezi wa kiuchumi na siasa <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070611105040/http://www.wider.unu.edu/publications/rps/rps2006/rp2006-148.pdf Utafiti Paper No 2006/148 Maadili, Rhetoric na Siasa ya Post-migogoro Ujenzi Jinsi Je Dhana ya Jamii ContractHelp kwetu Kuelewa jinsi ya kufanya kazi ya Amani?][https://web.archive.org/web/20070611105040/http://www.wider.unu.edu/publications/rps/rps2006/rp2006-148.pdf Sirkku J. Hellsten, PG.]</ref> [138] ni swala la utata ambalo linaweza kuingilia au kupotosha hata yale malengo ya kiuchumi yasiyo na madai hata kidogo, na huchanganyishwa mara nyingi na ajenda maalum za kijamii na mifumo ya maadili.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.stratapub.com/Hahn/preface.htm |title=Kisiasa Mawasiliano: Rhetoric, Serikali, na Wananchi, toleo la pili, Dan F. Hahn |accessdate=2009-12-08 |archive-date=2011-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126163521/http://www.stratapub.com/Hahn/preface.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Katika ''Steady State Economics'' 1977, [[Herman Daly alisema kuwa kunao maswala ambayo hayawiani kimantiki baina ya msisitizo unaowekwa kwa ongezeko la idadi ya watu na upatikanaji mdogo wa maliasilia.|Herman Daly alisema kuwa kunao maswala ambayo hayawiani kimantiki baina ya msisitizo unaowekwa kwa ongezeko la idadi ya watu na upatikanaji mdogo wa maliasilia.<ref>http://dieoff.org/page88.htm {{Wayback|url=http://dieoff.org/page88.htm |date=20070703030456 }} Steady-State Uchumi, kwa Herman Daly</ref>]][[Somo la Uchumi#cite note-87|<span class="mw-reflink-text">[87]</span>]] Masuala kama uhuru wa benki kuu, sera za benki kuu na ufasaha wa kunena katika usemi wa magavana wa benki kuu au nguzo za sera za uchumi wa kiwango cha juu<ref>Johan Scholvinck, Mkurugenzi wa Idara ya Umoja wa Mataifa kwa ajili ya Sera na Maendeleo ya Jamii katika New York, [http://www.icsw.org/publications/sdr/2002-june/un-division.htm Making ya Uchunguzi kwa Ujumuishaji wa Sera ya Kijamii na Uchumi,] {{Wayback|url=http://www.icsw.org/publications/sdr/2002-june/un-division.htm |date=20071118193838 }} The Social Development Review</ref>[[(fedha]] na [[sera ya fedha)]] ya [[Marekani]], ni mwelekeo wa msuguano na kukosolewa. <ref> Bernd Hayo (Georgetown University & [[Chuo Kikuu cha Bonn]]), [http://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/wuwpma/0103006.html Je Sisi Really Need Benki Kuu ya Uhuru?][http://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/wuwpma/0103006.html A Critical Re-mtihani,] mawazo katika Idara ya Uchumi, Chuo cha Sanaa na Sayansi Liberal, Chuo Kikuu cha Connecticut</ref> <ref> Gabriel Mangano (Centre Walras-Pareto, Chuo Kikuu cha Lausanne BFSH 1, 1015 Lausanne, Uswisi, na London School of Economics), Upimaji wa Benki Kuu ya Uhuru: A Tale of Subjectivity na matokeo yake, Oxford Uchumi Papers. 1998; 50: 468-492</ref> <ref> Friedrich Heinemann, [http://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/zewdip/4553.html Je Lipa kwa Watch Central Bankers 'midomo?][http://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/zewdip/4553.html Det Taarifa Content ya ECB liknande,] mawazo katika Idara ya Uchumi, Chuo cha Sanaa na Sayansi Liberal, Chuo Kikuu cha Connecticut</ref> <ref> Stephen G. Cecchetti, [http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/6306.html Benki Kuu Policy Rules: Conceptual Masuala na Vitendo Considerations,] mawazo katika Idara ya Uchumi, Chuo cha Sanaa na Sayansi Liberal, Chuo Kikuu cha Connecticut</ref> [[Deirdre McCloskey amesema kuwa utafiti mwingi wa kijarabati wa kiuchumi huripotiwa visivyofaa, na ingawa ukosoaju wake umepokelewa vyema, yeye na Stephen Ziliak wamedai kuwa utekelezaji haujaboreshwa.|Deirdre McCloskey amesema kuwa utafiti mwingi wa kijarabati wa kiuchumi huripotiwa visivyofaa, na ingawa ukosoaju wake umepokelewa vyema, yeye na Stephen Ziliak wamedai kuwa utekelezaji haujaboreshwa.<ref name="Ziliak2004">{{cite journal | author = Ziliak, S.T. | coauthors = [[Deirdre McCloskey|McCloskey, D.N.]] | year = 2004 | title = Size Matters: The Standard Error of Regressions in the American Economic Review | journal = Econ Journal Watch | volume = 1 | issue = 2 | pages = 331–358 | url =http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/ZiliakMcCloskeyAugust2004.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/ZiliakMcCloskeyAugust2004.pdf |date=20080625054144 }} | accessdate = 2008-06-10|format=PDF}}</ref>]][[Somo la Uchumi#cite note-Ziliak2004-93|<span class="mw-reflink-text">[93]</span>]] Madai haya ya nyuma ni ya utata.<ref Name=>{{cite journal | author = | year = | title = Sound and Fury: McCloskey and Significance Testing in Economics | url = http://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/wuwpem/0511018.html | accessdate = 2008-06-10}}</ref> Utafiti wa shirika la International Monetary Fund wa mwaka wa 2002 ulizingatia “utabiri wa makubaliano” (utabiri wa makundi makubwa ya wanauchumi) ambao ulifanywa awali kabla ya kurudi nyuma kwa uchumi kwa mataifa 60 tofauti katika miaka ya 90; katika 97% ya visa wanauchumia hawakutabiri mpunguo kwa mwaka mmoja kabla ya tukio. Katika visa vile vya nadra ambako wanauchumi walitabiri kwa mafanikio kurudi nyuma kwa uchumi, walikadiria makali yake kwa kiwango cha chini mno.<ref> "Jinsi Korrekta Je Sekta Binafsi Forecasts? Msalaba-Country ushahidi kutoka Consensus Forecasts wa Kukuza Uchumi Output ", kwa Prakash Loungani, Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa (IMF), Desemba 2002</ref>. ===Ukosoaji wa dhana=== Uchumi umekuwa mada ya ukosoaji hadi hutegemea dhana ambazo hazina uhakika, haziwezi kuthibitishwa na zimerahisishwa visivyofaaa, kwa wakati mwingine kwa sababu dhana hizi hutumia hisabati zinazovutia. Mifano ni pamoja na habari kamilifu, uimarishaji wa faida kwa kiwango cha juu zaidi na chaguzi za kimawazo.<ref> Rappaport, Steven (1996). "Abstraction na Unrealistic antaganden katika Uchumi," ''Journal of Economic Methodolojia,'' 3 (2), uk. 215-236. [http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a739439848~db=all Abstract,] (1998). ''Reality katika mifano na Uchumi.'' Edward Elgar, s. 6, ch. 6-8.</ref><ref> Friedman, Milton (1953), "The Methodolojia wa Positive Uchumi," ''Insha katika Positive Economics,'' University of Chicago Press, uk. 14-15, 22,, 31.</ref><ref> Boland, Lawrence A. (2008). "Antaganden Albamu alizotoa", [[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition|''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition'' ]] [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_A000231&q=assumption&topicid=&result_number=1 Best abstract.] Accessed 30 Mei 2008.</ref> Baadhi ya nadharia za kisasa za kiuchumi zimezingatia kuzungumzia matatizo haya kupitia kwa matawi madogo ya somo hili yanayoibuka kama vile uchumi wa taarifa, uchumi wa tabia, na uchumi wa utata, huku Geoffrey Hodgson akitabiri mabadiliko makubwa katika mwelekeo uliotanda wa kiuchumi. Hata hivyo, wanauchumi maarufu wa uchumi uliotanda kama vile Keynes<ref> {{cite journal | last = Keynes | first = J. M. | authorlink = J.M. Keynes | coauthors = | title = Alfred Marshall 1842–1924 | journal = The Economic Journal | volume = 34 | issue = 135 | pages = 333,356 | publisher = | location = | month = Septemba | year = 1924 | url =http://www.jstor.org/stable/2222645 | doi =10.2307/2222645 | id = | accessdate = 2008-04-19}} </ref>na Joskow, pamoja na wanauchumi wa kiheteredoksi, wametoa maoni kuwa kiwango kikubwa cha uchumi huwa ni cha kidhana na wala si cha kihisabati, na huwa ni vigumu kuweka mifumo na kuurasmisha kwa kutumia mbinu za kihisabati. Katika majadiliano juu ya utafiti wa makundi ya kutawal shughuli za soko, Paul Joskow alionyesha mnamo 1975 kuwa katika utekelezi, wanafunzi wenye bidii wa uchumi halisi, huwa na mazoea ya kutumia “mifumo isiyo rasmi” inayotokana na vipengele vya maelezo ambavyo hutumiwa katika sekta maalum. Joskow aliamini sana kuwa kazi muhimu ya kutafiti makundi yanayotawala shughuli za soko ilifanya kupitia uchunguzi usio rasmi huku mifumo rasmi ilikuwa “ikionyeshwa kwa madaha baada yakazi ''[[kumalizika]]'' ". Alidai kuwa mifumo rasmi kwa kiasi kikubwa haikuwa na maana katika kazi ya ujarabati, vilevile, na kuwa kipengele muhimu kilicho msingi wa nadharia ya kampuni, tabia, kilipuuzwa.<ref> {{cite journal | last = Joskow | first = Paul | authorlink =Paul Joskow | coauthors = | title = Firm Decision-making Policy and Oligopoly Theory | journal = The American Economic Review | volume = 65 | issue = 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Eighty-seventh Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association | pages = 270–279, Particularly 271 | publisher = | location = | month = Mei | year = 1975 | url =http://www.jstor.org/stable/1818864 | doi = | id = | accessdate = 2008-04-19}} </ref> Licha ya wasiwasi huu, masomo ya daraja ya pili ya vyuo vikuu yameendelea kuwa ya kiufundi na kihisabati.<ref name="Textbooks2004">{{cite journal | author = Johansson D. | year = 2004 | title = Economics without Entrepreneurship or Institutions: A Vocabulary Analysis of Graduate Textbooks | journal = Econ Journal Watch | volume = 1 | issue = 3 | pages = 515–538 | url = http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/JohanssonPractice1December2004.pdf | accessdate = 2008-06-07 | format = PDF | archive-date = 2008-06-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080625054127/http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/JohanssonPractice1December2004.pdf | dead-url = yes }}</ref> Ingawa nyingi ya kazi ya kimsingi ya utafiti wa kiuchumi katika historia ulihusu dhana na wala si hisabati, kwa sasa huwa ni vigumu zaidi kupata uwezekano wa kuchapisha nakala isiyo ya kihisabati katika jedwali mashuhuri. Kuona ukweli kwa upande wa baadhi ya wanafunzi kuhusu kuzingatia kwa uchumi kwa vitu ambavyo haviwezi kushikika na vya ufundi kumesababisha kuzuka kwa kundi la uchumi wa baada ya hali ya autism, ambao ulianza Ufaransa mnamo 2000. [[David Colander]], mtetezi wa uchumi tata, amezungumzia vilevile kwa kukosoa mbinu za kihisabati za kiuchumi, ambazo anahusisha na mfumo wa chuo cha MIT kwa uchumi, kinyume cha ule wa Chicago (ingawa anasema pia kuwa mfumo wa Chicago hauwezi tena kuitwa ulio na maono ya kiakili). Anaamini kuwa mapendekezo ya sera kutokana na mfumo wa maono ya kiakili ya Chicago yalichangia kushuka kwa uchumi wa maono ya kiakili. Anasema pia kuwa amewahi kukutana na wanauchumi wenza ambao wamekataa katakata kujadiliana kuhusu uchumi wa kusisimua pasipo na mfumo rasmi, na anaamini kuwa mifumo mara nyingine huzuia maono ya mawazo.<ref> Colander, D. (1998). Confessions of an Economic Gadfly. Katika [http://books.google.com/books?id=F8zynA594DUC ''Passion na Craft.'' ] uk. 39-55.</ref> Hivi karibuni zaidi, hata hivyo, ameandikwa kuwa uchumi wa kiheterodoksi, ambao mara nyingi huchukua zaidi mwelekeo wa maono ya kimawazo, unafaa kushirikiana na wanahisabati na kuwa wa kihisabati zaidi.<ref name="Colander2007"> Colander, D. (2007). [http://ideas.repec.org/p/mdl/mdlpap/0724.html Heterodox pluralism na Uchumi: Mapendekezo kwa ajili ya "Ndani ya Kuingiza" Heterodoxy]</ref> "Uchumi uliotanda ni mfumo wa kirasmi”, anaandika, na kinachohitajika si kupungua kwa hisabati wala ni kuongezeka kwa viwango vya hisabati. Anaeleza kuwa baadhi ya mada zinazozingatiwa na wanauchumi wa kiheterodoksi, kama vile umuhimu wa taasisi au ukosefu wa uhakika, zinatafitiwa kwa sasa kupitia mifumo ya kihisabati bila kutaja kazi iliyofanya na wanauchumi wa kiheterodoksi. Uchumi mpya wa taasisi, kwa mfano, huchunguza taasisi kihisababti bila kuhusisha sana somo linatokana kwa kiasi kikubwa na kiheterodoksi la uchumi wa taasisi. Katika hotuba yake ya Tuzo la Nobel ya 1974, Friedrich Hayek, anayejulikana kwa uhusiano wake wa karibu na mfumo wa kiheterodoksi wa uchumi wa Kiaustria, alilaumu kutofaulu kwa sera za ushauri wa kiuchumi kwa maelekeo ya kuiga utaratibu wa kihisabati unaotumika kwa sayansi asilia bila kupambanua au kutumia mbinu za kisayansi. Anatoa hoja kuwa hata matukio ya kiuchumi ambayo yametafitiwa kwa kiwango kikubwa, kama vile ukosefu wa ajir akatika soko, huwa kwa kindani na utata mkubwa kuliko matukio kama hayo katika somo la sayansi asilia ambako mbinu zilibuniwa hapo awali. Vilevile, nadharia na takwimu huwa mara nyingi havidhihiriki na hushughulikwa kulingana na ''mwelekeo '' wa mabadiliko yanayohitajika, na wala si ukubwa wake.<ref name="Hayek"> {{Rejea tovuti|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1974/hayek-lecture.html#not1|title=The Pretence of Knowledge |accessdate=2007-09-26|publisher=Nobleprize.org|year=1974|author=[[Friedrich Hayek|Hayek, Friedrich A.]]|work=Lecture to the Memory of Alfred Nobel}} paragraphs 2, 4, 5, na 7-10.</ref> Kwa upande mmoja kwa sababu ya ukosoaji, uchumi umepatwa na uratibishaji wa hali ya juu na ufafanuzi wa dhana na mbinu tangu miaka ya 1940, ambao baadhi yake imeelekea katika utekelezaji wa mbinu ya kidhana na kimawazo (hypothetico-deductive method) katika kueleza matokeo ya dunia halisi.<ref> Blaug, Marko (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics" (Postwar maendeleo, metoder Eusebio katika uchumi wa kisasa), ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' aya ya 27, uk. 346-47.</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Historia ya Uchumi]] ==Tanbihi== {{Marejeo|colwidth=30em}} ==Marejeo== * [[Barr, Nicholas]] (2004) ''Uchumi wa Welfare State,'' 4th ed., Oxford University Press * [[Stiglitz, Joseph]] (2000) ''Uchumi wa Sekta ya Umma,'' 3rd ed., Norton Press ==Viungo vya nje== {{sisterlinks}} ;Habari za ujumla * {{dmoz|Science/Social_Sciences/Economics/|Economics}} * [http://www.oswego.edu/~economic/journals.htm Uchumi katika Open Directory Project] {{Wayback|url=http://www.oswego.edu/~economic/journals.htm |date=20130710110240 }} * [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9109547/economics Uchumi] katika Encyclopædia Britannica. * [http://www.intute.ac.uk/socialsciences/economics/ Intute: Economics:] {{Wayback|url=http://www.intute.ac.uk/socialsciences/economics/ |date=20070512014346 }} Orodha ya anwani ya tovuti ya vyuo vikuu vya Uingereza. * [http://repec.org/ Nakala za Utafiti katika Somo la Uchumi (RePEc)] * [http://rfe.org/ Vifaa Kwa Wanauchumi :] {{Wayback|url=http://rfe.org/ |date=20130511055542 }} Mwongozo unaodhaminiwa na Chama cha Kiuchumi cha Marekani ulio na vifaa zaidi ya 2000 vya Tovuti kutoka "Data" to "Neat Stuff,". ;Taasisi na mashirika * [http://www.cepr.net/ Center for Economic and Policy Research (Marekani)] * [http://edirc.repec.org/ Economics Departments, Institutes and Research Centers in the World] * [http://www.oecd.org/statistics/ Organization For Co-operation and Economic Development (OECD) Statistics] * [http://unstats.un.org/unsd United Nations Statistics Division] * [http://www.worldbank.org/data/ World Bank Data] * [http://www.wto.org World Trade Organization] ;Zana za masomo * [http://www.oswego.edu/~economic/newbooks.htm Mwongozo wa vitabu vya kiada kadha wa kadha katika tovuti] {{Wayback|url=http://www.oswego.edu/~economic/newbooks.htm |date=20130812211719 }} * [http://eh.net/atp/ Sehemu ya Ask The Professor] {{Wayback|url=http://eh.net/atp/ |date=20071026005606 }} ya EH.Net Economic History Services * [http://economics.about.com/ Uchumi katika About.com] {{Wayback|url=http://economics.about.com/ |date=20070602020408 }} * [[b:Economics|Vitabu vya kiada vya kiuchumi katika Wikibooks]] * [http://www.econguru.com/introduction_to_economics/ Introduction to Economics:] Dibaji fupi ya uchumi wa kimsingi iliyopewa leseni na Creative commons * [http://www.merlot.org/merlot/materials.htm?category=2216 Zana za masomo za MERLOT: Economics:] {{Wayback|url=http://www.merlot.org/merlot/materials.htm?category=2216 |date=20130614190857 }} Hakiki iliyo Marekani ya vifaa vya masomo * [http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Economics/index.htm MIT OpenCourseWare: Economics:] {{Wayback|url=http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Economics/index.htm |date=20100505004829 }} Makavazi ya zana za masomo kutoka kwa kozi za MIT * [http://www.economicsnetwork.ac.uk/links/othertl.htm Zana za kusoma na kufundisha zilizo katika tovuti, hakiki za] UK Economics Network, picha, maelezo ya maneno na vifaa vingine * [http://homepage.newschool.edu/het/thought.htm Mifumo ya mawazo:] {{Wayback|url=http://homepage.newschool.edu/het/thought.htm |date=20040805133647 }} Linganisha mifumo ya kiuchumi mbalimbali juu ya maswala fulani * [http://www.econlib.org/ Maktaba ya Uchumi na Uhuru (EconLib):] Vitabu vya Somo la Uchumi, Makala, Blogi (EconLog), Podcasts (EconTalk) {{sayansi}} [[Category:Uchumi]] [[Category:Elimu jamii]] [[Jamii:Sayansi]] 6lbfmwhqvyf2yr53livs71f5rvz151m 0 33527 1615654 1137251 2026-11-08T09:58:20Z Mtanzania Mkerewe 93768 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 1615654 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Utumiaji mbaya wa vileo''' ni [[uraibu]] unaoelekeza kutumia mara kwa mara [[kileo|vileo]] licha ya madhara yake. Unatofautiana na utegemezi wa pombe kwa ukosefu wa dalili kama vile kuvumilia na uondoaji. Hata hivyo, maana nyingi za ulevi zipo, na ni baadhi tu zilizo sambamba na utumiaji mbaya wa pombe. ==Tiba== Tiba kwa Utumiaji Mbaya wa Pombe inatofautiana, lakini kuna mipango kadhaa inayotumika kutoka kwa uzuiaji hadi vituo maalumu kulingana na [[umri]] na jinsia. Mara nyingi kuna unyanyasaji wa kimwili unaohusiana na ulevi. Mipango ya matibabu kwa vikundi inayojumuisha wanawake pekee, kwa mfano, inaweza kusaidia kutatua masuala yanayozunguka wanaume waathirika. Vituo vya urekebishaji vinapendekezwa kwa kuondoa [[kemikali]] kwani kunaweza kuwa na madhara makubwa ya kimwili, pamoja na mauti, isipotibiwa vyema. ==Unyuaji chuoni Marekani== Utafiti wa mwaka 2001 ulionyesha "asilimia 29 ya [[Mwanafunzi|wanafunzi]] wa vyuo Marekani wameendesha gari wakiwa chini ya ushawishi wa pombe'" (Windel). Matokeo ya utafiti tofauti uliofanywa yalikuwa "wanafunzi milioni 2.1 kati ya umri wa miaka 18 na 24 waliendesha gari chini ya ushawishi wa pombe'" (serikali ya Marekani). Matokeo hayo yanaonyesha vile ulevi na uendeshaji gari chuoni lilivyo suala kubwa. Ripoti ya mwaka wa 1995 ya Centers for Disease Control and National College Risk Behavior Survey iliaarifu juu ya "asilimia 39.9% ya wanafunzi walevi katika mwezi uliopita" (Beck). ==Marejeo== * National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. "Diagnostic Criteria for Alcohol Abuse and Dependence" Alcohol Alert, No. 30 PH 359, Oktoba 1995. {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Afya]] 4q0p6lrnwrfxf6aedle9b7jfuu80gwy 0 39348 1615243 1614724 2026-11-07T13:05:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox album | Jina = Emotions | Aina = studio | Msanii = [[Mariah Carey]] | Cover = Mariahcareyemotions.jpg | Ilitolewa = 17 Septemba 1991 <small>(U.S.)</small><br />14 Oktoba 1991 <small>(UK)</small> | Ilirekodiwa = Januari—Julai 1991 at Skywalker Sound, Marin County, The Plant Recording Studios ([[Sausalito, CA]]), Right Track Recording, Axis Studios, Skyline Studios, Electric Lady Studios, Battery Studios, & Giant Recording Studios ([[NYC]]) | Aina = [[Pop music|Pop]], [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]], [[dance-pop]] | Urefu = 47:01 | Sudio = [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]<br /><small>CK-47980</small> | Mtayarishaji = [[Walter Afanasieff]], [[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]], [[Robert Clivillés]], & [[Mariah Carey]] | Reviews = *''[[About.com]]'' {{Rating|3.5|5}} [http://top40.about.com/od/reviews/gr/mcemotion.htm link] * [[Allmusic]] {{Rating|4|5}} [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:8s120r8ac48p link] * {{Review-Christgau|dud|artist=877}} * ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' {{Rating|2|5}} [http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/album/323012/emotions link] | Albamu iliyopita = ''[[Mariah Carey (album)|Mariah Carey]]''<br />(1990) | Albamu ya sasa = '''''Emotions'''''<br />(1991) | Albamu ijayo = ''[[Music Box (album)|Music Box]]''<br />(1993) }} '''''Emotions''''' ni albamu ya pili kutoka kwa mwimbaji wa nchini [[Marekani]], [[Mariah Carey]]. Albamu hii ilitoka nchini Marekani tarehe 17 mwezi septemba 1991, kupita katika studion za [[Columbia Record]]. Albamu hii imejumuisha nyimbo mbalimbali zilizoandikwa na Mariah mwenyewe pamoja na watunzi wengine wa nyimbo kama vile [[Walter Afanasieff]], [[Clivillés & Cole]] (of C+C Music Factory), na [[Carole King]]. Wimbo unaobeba jina la albamu hii, ulikuwa wimbo wa tano kutoka kwa Maria kuweza kufika katika nafasi ya kwanza katika chati ya muziki ya [[Billboard 100]]. Hii iilimfanya Mariah kuwa mwanamuziki wa kwanza kuweza kupata mafanikio katika kiwango hiki. Albamu hii pia iliweza kutoa single tatu bora ambazo ni [[Can't Let Go]] na wimbo wa [[Make It Happen (song)|Make It Happen]]. Katika albamu hii, Mariah ameweza kuandika na kuwa mtayarishaji msaidizi wa nyimbo zote kumi katika albamu hii, ikiwa ni pamoja na kutunga mashairi ya nyimbo zote kumi. Mariah aliteuliwa kuwa moja kati ya wasanii wanaowania tuzo za [[Grammy Awards]] mara mbili yaani [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year]] na [[Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance]]. A Albamu hii ya ''Emotions'' imefanikiwa kuuza nakala zaidi ya 3,584,000.<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/#/column/chartbeat/ask-billboard-madonna-vs-whitney-vs-mariah-1004005695.story]</ref> == Kutunga na Kurekodi == Kutokana na mafanikio makubwa aliyoyapata kutokana na albamu hii, Mariah sambamba na studio alizokuwa akirekodia nyimbo zake za [[Sony Music Entertainment]] ikiongozwa na [[Tommy Mottola]] na [[Don Ienner]], ulikuwa ni wakati muafaka kwa wao kuanza kujadili na kupangalia mipangilio ya baadae katika maisha ya kimuziki ya Mariah. Kuanzia hapa, Mariah aliruhusiwa kutengeneza nyimbo na kufanya kaza na mtayarishaji atakayemchagua mwenyewe (suala ambalo hapo awali, hakuwa akiruhusiwa katika takribani albamu tatu). Ndipo alipoanza kufanya kazi na watengenezaji wa muziki kama vile [[Walter Afanasieff]], wa [[C+C Music Factory|Clivilles & Cole]] (of C+C Music Factory) na [[Carole King]]. == Mapokezi na Matangazo == Albamu ya ''Emotions'' ilipata mapokezi ya wastani, kama vile albamu yake iliyopita. Mariah aliweza kupata malalamiko ya hapa na pale klutokana na yeye kukataa kwenda kufanya matamasha ya albamu yake hiyo. Kashfa kadhaa ziliibuka kama vile [[Milli Vanilli]]. Malalamiko yalimshtumu Mariah kuwa yeye ni mwanamuziki anayeweza kuimba na kurekodi katika studio pekee, na si msanii anayeweza kuimba katika matamasha ya moja kwa moja, na kuwa umaahirin wa sauti yake ulikuwa si kitu zaidi ya kutengenezwa kwa kutumia santuri mbalimbali ndani ya studio. Lakini baadae Mariah mwenyewe alikiri kuwa, alikuwa hapendi kufaya maonesho ya moja kwa moja kutokana na kukosa ujasiri wa kuweza kusimama na kuimba mbele za watu, aliongeza kuwa, wasanii wengi huweza kuimba katika maonesho ya moja kwa moja kutokana na kuwa huanza kuimba katika majukwaa kabla ya kupata mikataba ya kurekodi katika studio suala ambalo halikutokea kwake.Lakini pamoja na haya, Mariah aliweza kufaanya onesho la siku ya jumamosi ya NBC, na kuimba nyimbo kama vilr "Can't Let Go" na wimbo mwingine wa "If It's Over. Albamu hii, imefanikiwa kupata nafasi ya kuchaguliwa kugombea tuzo 1992 za [[Grammy]] katika [[Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical|Producer of the Year]] na [[Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance]] lakini hakufanikiwa kupata tuzo hata moja katika vifungo vyote. Nchini [[Marekani]] Albamu ya ''Emotions'' iliweza kufika katika nafasi ya 4 katika chati ya [[Billboard 200]] na kufanikiwa kuuza zaidi ya nakala 129,000. Katika hali iliyowashangaza wengi, kufuatia mafanikio ya albamu ya ''[[Mariah Carey (albamu)]]'', ilifanikiwa kukaa katika nafasi ya kwanza kwa kiasi cha wiki ishirini na saba [[27]]. Albamu hii ya ''Emotions'' ilikuwa albamu ya kwanza katika albamu nne za Mariah zilizotangulia kushindwa kufika katika nafasi ya kwanza katika chati ya Billboard 200. na pia ilikuwa ndiyo albamu yake iliyoshika nafasi ya chini zaidi hadi ilipotoka albamu ya ''[[Glitter]]'' mwaka 2001. Albamu hii ilipata mafanikio ya wastani nchini [[Canada]] na [[Australia]], lakini kama ilivyotokea kwa nchini Marekani, haikuweza kupata mauzo mazuri kama ilivotokea kwa albamu ya [[Mariah Carey (albamu)]] == Orodha ya Nyimbo == # "[[Emotions (song)|Emotions]]" <small>([[Mariah Carey]], [[David Cole (producer)|David Cole]], [[Robert Clivillés]])</small> – 4:09 # "And You Don't Remember" <small>(Carey, [[Walter Afanasieff]])</small> – 4:26 # "[[Can't Let Go (Mariah Carey song)|Can't Let Go]]" <small>(Carey, Afanasieff)</small> – 4:27 # "[[Make It Happen (song)|Make It Happen]]" <small>(Carey, Cole, Clivillés) </small> – 5:07 # "[[If It's Over]]" <small>(Carey, [[Carole King]])</small> – 4:38 # "You're So Cold" <small>(Carey, Cole, Clivillés)</small> – 5:05 # "So Blessed" <small>(Carey, Afanasieff)</small> – 4:13 # "To Be Around You" <small>(Carey, Cole, Clivillés)</small> – 4:37 # "Till the End of Time" <small>(Carey, Afanasieff)</small> – 5:35 # "The Wind" <small>(Carey, [[Russ Freeman (pianist)|Russell Freeman]])</small> – 4:41 == Wafanyakazi == === Wanamuziki === * Mariah Carey - lead vocals, background vocals * David Cole - keyboards, keyboard arrangements, drum programming, background vocals (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * Robert Clivilles - keyboard arrangements, drums, drum programming (tracks 1, 4, 6) * Walter Afanasieff - keyboards, synthesizers, Hammond B3 organ, synthesizer bass, drums, percussion, strings, vibes, instrument arrangements, programming, Synclavier (strings, acoustic guitar, acoustic bass) tambourine, Bosendorfer SE grand piano (tracks 1-3, 5, 7, 9-10) * Ren Klyce - [[Synclavier]], Akai programming (track 2-3, 5, 7, 9-10) * Gary Cirimelli - Synclavier, MacIntosh programming (track 2-3, 5, 7, 9-10) * Paul Pesco - guitars (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * [[Michael Landau]] - guitars (tracks 2-3, 7, 9) * [[Cornell Dupree]] - guitars (track 5) * Vernon "Ice" Black - guitars (track 10) * Carl James - bass guitar (track 4) * [[Will Lee (bassist)|Will Lee]] - bass guitar (track 5) * Earl Gardner - trumpet (track 5) * Keith O'Quinn - trombone (track 5) * George Young - tenor saxophone (track 5) * Larry Feldman - tenor saxophone (track 5) * Lewis Delgatto - baritone saxophone, horn arrangements (track 5) * [[Steve Smith (musician)|Steve Smith]] - drums (tracks 5, 10) * Alan Friedman - programming (YIPE!) (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * [[Trey Lorenz]] - background vocals (tracks 1, 4-5, 8) * Patrique McMillan - background vocals (tracks 4-5) * Cindy Mizelle - background vocals (tracks 5, 8) * Jamillah Muhammed - background vocals (track 6) * [[Deborah Cooper]] - background vocals (track 8) === Watayarishaji === * Acar S. Key - engineer (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * Bruce Miller - engineer (tracks 1, 6) * John Mathias - engineer (track 4) * [[Tony Maserati]] - engineer (track 8) * Dana Jon Chappelle - engineer, mixing (tracks 2-3, 5, 7, 9) * Bruce Calder - assistant engineer (tracks 2-3, 5, 7, 9-10) * Craig Silvey - assistant engineer (tracks 2-3, 7, 9-10) * Manny LaCarrubba - assistnat engineer (tracks 2-3, 7, 9-10) * M.T. Silva - assistant engineer (tracks 2-3, 7, 9-10) * Lolly Grodner - assistnat engineer (tracks 2-3, 9) * Bob Edwards - additional engineering (track 10) * [[Bob Rosa]] - mix engineer (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * Mariah Carey - vocal arrangements, arranger * David Cole - vocal arrangements, arranger (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * Walter Afanasieff - vocal arrangements, arranger (tracks 2-3, 5, 7, 9-10) * Robert Clivilles - arranger (tracks 1, 4, 6, 8) * [[Bob Ludwig]] - mastering, [[Masterdisk]], NY * Josephine DiDonato - mwongozaji wa picha * Phillip Dixon - mpiga picha * [[Tommy Mottola]] - msimanzi mkuu == Chati na Tuzi == {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} === Chati === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Chati !Ilipata<br />nafasi |- |align="left"|Australian Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.ariacharts.com.au/pages/charts_display.asp?chart=1G50 Australian Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|8 |- |align="left"|Austrian Albums Chart<ref>[http://oe3.orf.at/charts/ Austrian Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|39 |- |align="left"|Canadian Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html |title=Canadian Albums Chart |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041226005640/http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html |archivedate=2004-12-26 |accessdate=2011-12-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |align="center"|5 |- |align="left"|Dutch Albums Chart<ref>[http://dutchcharts.nl/weekchart.asp?cat=a Dutch Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|7 |- |align="left"|Finnish Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://pop.yle.fi/lista/albumit |title=Finnish Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903045220/http://pop.yle.fi/lista/albumit |archivedate=2009-09-03 }}</ref> |align="center"|16 |- |align="left"|French Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.chartsinfrance.net/charts/albums.php French Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|38 |- |align="left"|German Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.musicload.de/officialcharts |title=German Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archivedate=2012-03-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316041103/http://www.musicload.de/officialcharts }}</ref> |align="center"|46 |- |align="left"|Italian Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.fimi.it/classifiche.asp?idtipo_classifica=1 |title=Italian Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archivedate=2007-05-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506200247/http://www.fimi.it/classifiche.asp?idtipo_classifica=1 }}</ref> |align="center"|16 |- |align="left"|Japanese Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.oricon.co.jp/rank/ea/w/ Oricon Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|3 |- |align="left"|New Zealand Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/chart.asp |title=New Zealand Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5PkfqxTDF?url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/chart.asp |archivedate=2007-06-21 |https://www.webcitation.org/5wChHAS9r?url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/chart.asp |=https://www.webcitation.org/5wChHAS9r?url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/chart.asp }}</ref> |align="center"|6 |- |align="left"|Norwegian Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.no/sok/index_charts.htm |title=Norwegian Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722122648/http://www.ifpi.no/sok/index_charts.htm |archivedate=2011-07-22 }}</ref> |align="center"|8 |- |align="left"|Spanish Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://promusicae.es/english.html |title=Spanish Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archive-date=2012-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316035943/http://promusicae.es/english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |align="center"|38 |- |align="left"|Swedish Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.hitlistan.se/ Swedish Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|13 |- |align="left"|Swiss Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.hitparade.ch/weekchart.asp?cat=a Swiss Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|15 |- |align="left"|UK Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.theofficialcharts.com/top40_albums.php UK Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|4 |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' 200<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/chart_display.jsp?g=Albums&f=The+Billboard+200 |title=U.S. Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archivedate=2010-05-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100504062334/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/chart_display.jsp?g=albums&f=the+billboard+200 }}</ref> |align="center"|4 |- |} {{col-2}} === Mapokeo === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Country <small>(Provider)</small> ![[Music recording sales certifications|Certification]]<br /><small>([[List of music recording sales certifications|sales thresholds]])</small> |- |align="left"|Australia <small>([[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>[http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations.htm ARIA]</ref> |- |align="left"|Canada <small>([[Canadian Recording Industry Association|CRIA]])</small> |align="center"|4x Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.cria.ca/goldplat.php/ |title=CRIA |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111063331/http://www.cria.ca/goldplat.php |archivedate=2016-01-11 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|France <small>([[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|SNEP]])</small> |align="center"|Gold<ref>[http://www.disqueenfrance.com SNEP]</ref> |- |align="left"|Italy <small>([[Federation of the Italian Music Industry|FIMI]])</small> |align="center"|Gold<ref>[http://www.fimi.it/ FIMI]</ref> |- |align="left"|Japan <small>([[Recording Industry Association of Japan|RIAJ]])</small> |align="center"|Million<ref>[http://www.oricon.co.jp/rank/ea/w/ RIAJ]</ref> |- |align="left"|Netherlands <small>([[NVPI]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.nvpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461 |title=NVPI |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mlJ5UrTg?url=http://www.nvpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461 |archivedate=2010-01-13 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|New Zealand <small>([[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|RIANZ]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/rianz_homepage.asp |title=RIANZ |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66ACPUiNu?url=http://www.rianz.org.nz/rianz/rianz_homepage.asp |archivedate=2012-03-14 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Singapore <small>(RIAS)</small> |align="center"|3x Platinum<ref>http://www.mariahjournal.com/infozone/charts/albums/singapore/index.shtml</ref> |- |align="left"|South Korea <small>(Hanteo)</small> |align="center"|3x Platinum<ref>http://www.mariahjournal.com/infozone/charts/albums/southkorea/index.shtml</ref> |- |align="left"|Sweden <small>([[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry|IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.se/goldplatinum.aspx |title=IFPI Sweden |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217054255/http://www.ifpi.se/goldplatinum.aspx |archivedate=2007-02-17 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Switzerland <small>([[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry|IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|Gold<ref>[http://www.swisscharts.com/awards.asp?year=2009 IFPI Switzerland]</ref> |- |align="left"|United Kingdom <small>([[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-05-02 |archivedate=2010-01-17 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mr0Evm3j?url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx |https://www.webcitation.org/5mr0Evm3j?url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx |=https://www.webcitation.org/5mr0Evm3j?url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx }}</ref> |- |align="left"|United States <small>([[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]])</small> |align="center"|4x Multi-Platinum<ref>[http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH Riaa.com]</ref> |- |} {{col-end}} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo|2}} {{Mariah Carey}} [[Jamii:Albamu za Mariah Carey]] [[Jamii:Albamu za 1991]] 64dtyk8lv1rbfp92vmz36dp1dtrujgn 0 44406 1615229 1614678 2026-11-07T12:53:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox album | Jina = Daydream | Type = studio | Msanii = [[Mariah Carey]] | Cover = Daydream.jpg | Imetolewa = 3 Oktoba 1995 | Imerekodiwa = Desemba 1994 &ndash; Agosti 1995 | Aina = [[Pop music|Pop]], [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] | Urefu = 46:42 | Studio = [[Columbia Records|Columbia]] | Mtayarishaji = [[Mariah Carey]], [[Walter Afanasieff]], [[Dave Hall (record producer)|Dave Hall]], [[Jermaine Dupri]], [[Manuel Seal, Jr.|Manuel Seal]], [[David Morales (musician)|David Morales]] | Albamu iliyopita = ''[[Merry Christmas (Mariah Carey album)|Merry Christmas]]''<br />(1994) | Albamu ya sasa = '''''Daydream'''''<br />(1995) | Albamu ijayo = ''[[Butterfly (Mariah Carey album)|Butterfly]]''<br />(1997) }} '''''Daydream''''' ni albamu ya tano kutoka kwa [[Mariah Carey]], ambaye pia ndiye mwandishi wa nyimbo, iliyotoka tarehe 3 Oktoba 1995 kupitia katika studio za [[Columbia Records]], ikifuatia albamu yake iliyokuwa na mafanikio ya mwaka 1993, ''[[Music Box]]'' na albamu ya mwaka 1994 iliyoitwa ''[[Merry Christmas]]'' Ukiachalia mbali, mabadiliko ya sauti katika albamu hii, suala ambalo hata studio alizorekodia hazikuridhishwa nazo, lakini kwa mabadiliko hayo yalipokewa vizuri na mashabiki wake, hususani kwa upande wa mauzo, ambapo albamu hii ilizidi matarajio ya mauzo na kuifanya kuwa albamu ya pili katika albamu yake zinazoongoza kwa mauzo, nyumba ya albamu ya ''[[Music Box]]''. Albamu hii ilifanikiwa kuuza nakala milioni kumi [[Marekani]] peke yake.<ref>http://www.ticketspecialists.com/concerts/mariah_carey_tickets.htm</ref>.<ref>{{cite web |title = Definitive 200 | publisher =The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum |url=http://www.rockhall.com/pressroom/definitive-200 | year = 2007 | accessdate = 2009-04-05}}</ref>. Huko [[Australia]] albamu hii iliishia nafasi ya tisa katika chati ya muziki ya nchini kwa mwaka 1996 <ref>http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-end-of-year-charts-top-50albums-1995.htm</ref><ref>http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-end-of-year-charts-top-50albums-1996.htm</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/yearend_chart_display.jsp?f=The+Billboard+200&g=Year-end+Albums&year=1996 |title=Billboard "Year-End Charts, 1996" |accessdate=2007-12-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222015024/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/yearend_chart_display.jsp?f=The+Billboard+200&g=Year-end+Albums&year=1996 |archivedate=2007-12-22 }}</ref> Albamu hii ya ''Daydream'' bado inabaki kuwa moja kati ya albamu zilizowahi kufaya vizuri zaidi katika chati mbalimbalin za mauzo duniani, kwa kufanikiwa kuuza zaidi ya nakala milioni 25 duniani kote .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.bet.com/entertainment/News/mariahtwenty.htm?wbc_purpose=Basic&WBCMODE=PresentationUnpublished&Referrer=%7B1165D08F-7604-4004-92E0-04CCBC1FAAF0%7D |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2012-09-12 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AcxJhKcL?url=http://www.bet.com/news/celebrities.html }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.thelondonpaper.com/thelondonpaper/celebrity/celeb-news/mariah-carey-hangs-up-on-the-bbc |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522004313/http://www.thelondonpaper.com/thelondonpaper/celebrity/celeb-news/mariah-carey-hangs-up-on-the-bbc |archivedate=2009-05-22 }}</ref> ==Historia== Albamu ya tatu kutoka kwa Mariah ya ''[[Music Box]]'' iliyotoka mwaka (1993) ndiyo inayoongoza katika albamu zake za studio. Lakini pia albamu yake ya ''[[Merry Christmas]]'' iliyotoka mwaka 1994 ilipata mapokeo mazuri. Kipindi cha kuanzia kutoka kwa albamu ya ''Merry Christmas'' na ''Daydream'' ndio kilikua kipindi cha Mariah kupata matatizo ya kimahusiano baina yake na aliyekuwa mume wake [[Mommy Mottola]]. Kuanzia mwanzo wa kazi zake kama Mwanamuziki, Mottola amekuwa akiongoza kazi zote za Mariah ikiwa ni pamoja na sauti yake kuendelea kuimba miondoko ya pop badala ya hip hop suala ambalo yeye mwenyewe Mariah alikuwa akilitamani. Hususani wakati wa kutoka kwa albamu ya ''daydream' ."<ref name="P. 90">Shapiro, p. 90</ref> Lakini hata hivyo, uongozi wa Mottola katika maisha ya Carey, uliziki kuongezeka pale wawili hawa walipooana na hivyo kusababisha kuongezeka kwa ugomvi baina ya wawili hawa. <ref name="P. 91">Shapiro, p. 91</ref> Lakini hata hivyo, muda mfupi baadae, ilikuwa wazi kuwa wawili hawa walikuwa katika hali ya utata na ndoa yao kuwa katika hati hati. Mwaka 1995, Mariah alitangaza rasmi kuwa, ameanza kuimba kwa staili nyingine, kufuatia kutoka kwa albamu ya ''Daydream'', jambo lilipata upinza sana kutoka kwa mume wake na wanyakazi wengine. Lakini Mariah aliendelea kushikilia msimamo wake na kuliambia gazeti la Times kuwa alikuwa akirudia na kurudia kurekodi kwa haraka zaidi, na kuwa amepata wakati wa kuweza kutilia maanani zaidi kwa kile anaachokifanya."<ref name="P. 92">Shapiro, P. 92</ref><ref name="Time">{{cite web |author=Christopher John Farley |title=Pop's princess grows up |publisher=''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,134725,00.html |date=2001-06-21 |accessdate=2009-04-05 |archivedate=2012-09-17 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120917123743/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,134725,00.html |=https://archive.today/20120917123743/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,134725,00.html }}</ref> ==Mapokezi== {{Album ratings | jina = | subtitle = | state = <!-- Aggregate scores --> | MC = <!-- Reviewers --> | rev1 =[[Allmusic]] | rev1Score ={{Rating|4.5|5}} | rev2 =''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' | rev2Score =(B) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,299059,00.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2007-10-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026041308/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,299059,00.html }}</ref> }} ''Daydream'' ilitoka rasmi mwezi wa kumi tarehe 3, mwaka 1995, nchini [[Marekani]] na kufanikiwa kuuza zaidi ya nakala 224,000 katika wiki yake ya kwanza ya mauzo, na kuifanya albamu hii kuwa albamu ya kwanza ya Mariah kufanikiwa kufika katika nafasi ya kwanza na kukaa katika nafasi ya kwanza kwa takribani wiki sita zisikuwa za mfululizo, na kukaa katika nyimbo kumi bora kwa majuma ishirini na tisa Hata hivyo albamu ilifanikiwa kuuza zaidi ya nakala 760,000 wakati wa siku kuu ya Christmas ya mwaka 1995. Na kufanya mauzo hayo kuwa mauzo makubwa zaidi kuwahi kufikiwa kwa mwanamuziki wa kike ndani ya wiki moja .<ref>{{cite web |author=Neil Strauss |title = The Pop Life | publisher =''Time'' |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/30/arts/the-pop-life-073440.html | date = 1995-11-30 | accessdate = 2009-04-05}} </ref> Baada ya kufanikiwa kuuza nakala zaidi ya 7,556,000 nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/#/column/chartbeat/ask-billboard-madonna-vs-whitney-vs-mariah-1004005695.story]</ref> na kuweza kusafirisha nakala milioni kumi, chama cha RIAA [[Recording Industry Association of America]] kilitangaza rasmi kuwa albamu hii kupata hadhi ya platinum, ambayo pia hujulikana kama hadhi ya almasi <ref name="RIAA">{{cite web |title = Search Results | work = [[Recording Industry Association of America]] |url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=Daydream&artist=&format=ALBUM&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=Columbia&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=on&before=on&startMonth=1&endMonth=4&startYear=1986&endYear=2009&sort=Artist&perPage=25 | accessdate = 2009-04-06}}</ref><ref name="MTV News">{{cite web |title = Metallica, Boyz II Men, Backstreet Boys, Green Day, No Doubt Among Top-Selling Artists Honored At Diamond Awards |publisher = ''[[MTV News]]'' |url = http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1425228/19990317/backstreet_boys.jhtml |date = 1999-03-17 |accessdate = 2009-04-06 |archive-date = 2013-02-08 |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130208123414/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1425228/metallica-boyz-ii-men-backstreet-boys-green-day-no-doubt-among-top-selling-artists-honored-at-diamond-awards.jhtml |url-status = dead }}</ref> ''Daydream'' is one of the first sixty-two albums to have achieved the diamond status.<ref name="MTV News"/> kwa mujibu wa ''[[Billboard]]'' albam ya ''daydream'' imefanikiwa kuingia katika orodha ya albamu bora za muda wote kutoka kwa mwanamuziki asiyekuwa na asili ya Asia kwa kufanikiwa kuuza nakala zaidi 2,100,000 .<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=7g4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA68&dq=mariah+carey+japanese&hl=en&ei=GvtbTIz9MsH-8Aazw4XYAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6wEwBA# Billboard Magazine 1996]</ref> ==Orodha ya nyimbo== {{tracklist | writing_credits = yes | jina1 = [[Fantasy (Mariah Carey song)|Fantasy]] | mwandishi1 = Mariah Carey, [[Chris Frantz]], [[Tina Weymouth]], [[Dave Hall (record producer)|Dave Hall]], [[Adrian Belew]], [[Steven Stanley]] | urefu1 = 4:03 | jina2 = [[Underneath the Stars (Mariah Carey song)|Underneath the Stars]] | mwandhishi2 = Carey, [[Walter Afanasieff]] | urefu2 = 3:33 | title3 = [[One Sweet Day]] | note3 = with [[Boyz II Men]] | writer3 = Carey, [[Michael McCary]], [[Nathan Morris]], [[Wanya Morris]], [[Shawn Stockman]], Afanasieff | length3 = 4:42 | title4 = [[Open Arms (Journey song)#Mariah Carey version|Open Arms]] | writer4 = [[Steve Perry (musician)|Steve Perry]], [[Jonathan Cain]] | length4 = 3:30 | title5 = [[Always Be My Baby]] | writer5 = Carey, [[Jermaine Dupri]], [[Manuel Seal, Jr.|Manuel Seal]] | length5 = 4:20 | title6 = I Am Free | writer6 = Carey, Afanasieff | length6 = 3:09 | title7 = When I Saw You | writer7 = Carey, Afanasieff | length7 = 4:24 | title8 = Long Ago | writer8 = Carey, Dupri | length8 = 4:33 | title9 = Melt Away | writer9 = Carey, [[Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds|Babyface]] | length9 = 3:42 | title10 = [[Forever (Mariah Carey song)|Forever]] | writer10 = Carey, Afanasieff | length10 = 4:00 | title11 = [[Fantasy (Mariah Carey song)#Remixes|Daydream Interlude]] | note11 = Fantasy Sweet Dub Mix | writer11 = Carey, Frantz, Weymouth, Hall, Belew, Stanley | length11 = 3:04 | title12 = Looking In | writer12 = Carey, Afanasieff | length12 = 3:35 | title13 = Fantasy (Def Club Mix) | note13 = Japanese edition bonus track | writer13 = Carey, Frantz, Weymouth, Hall, Belew, Stanley | length13 = 3:45 | title14 = [[El Amor Que Soñé]] | note14 = Latin American edition bonus track | writer14 = Perry, Cain, Manny Benito | length14 = 3:32 }} ==Chati na tuzo== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Chati=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !Chati !Ilipata<br />nafasi |- |align="left"|Australian Albums Chart<ref>[http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Australian Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|Austrian Albums Chart<ref>[http://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Austrian Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|5 |- |align="left"|Belgian Flanders Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.ultratop.be/nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Flandres Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|6 |- |align="left"|Belgian Wallonia Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.ultratop.be/fr/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Wallonia Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|3 |- |align="left"|Canadian Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html |title=Canadian Albums Chart |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041226005640/http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Charts/ALBUMS.html |archivedate=2004-12-26 |accessdate=2009-09-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |align="center"|3 |- |align="left"|Dutch Albums Chart<ref>[http://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Dutch Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|European Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/chart_display.jsp?g=Albums&f=European+Top+100+Albums |title=European Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2011-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013044442/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/chart_display.jsp?g=Albums&f=European%20Top%20100%20Albums }}</ref> |align="center"|2 |- |align="left"|Finnish Albums Chart<ref>[http://finnishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Finnish Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|12 |- |align="left"|French Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.chartsinfrance.net/charts/albums.php French Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|2 |- |align="left"|German Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://charts-surfer.de/musiksearch.php |title=German Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071029144156/http://charts-surfer.de/musiksearch.php |archivedate=2007-10-29 }}</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|Hungarian Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mahasz.hu/m/?menu=slagerlistak&menu2=archivum |title=Hungarian Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2009-04-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418181757/http://www.mahasz.hu/m/.?menu=slagerlistak&menu2=archivum }}</ref> |align="center"|13 |- |align="left"|Italian Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.fimi.it/classifiche.asp?idtipo_classifica=1 |title=Italian Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2007-05-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506200247/http://www.fimi.it/classifiche.asp?idtipo_classifica=1 }}</ref> |align="center"|6 |- |align="left"|Japanese Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.oricon.co.jp/rank/ea/w/ Oricon Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|New Zealand Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a |title=New Zealand Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907130134/http://charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a |archivedate=2011-09-07 |https://web.archive.org/web/20110907130134/http://charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a |=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907130134/http://charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a }}</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|Norwegian Albums Chart<ref>[http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Norwegian Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|3 |- |align="left"|Spanish Albums Chart<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://promusicae.es/english.html |title=Spanish Albums Chart |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archive-date=2012-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316035943/http://promusicae.es/english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |align="center"|5 |- |align="left"|Swedish Albums Chart<ref>[http://swedishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Swedish Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|6 |- |align="left"|Swiss Albums Chart<ref>[http://hitparade.ch/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Daydream&cat=a Swiss Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|UK Albums Chart<ref>[http://www.everyhit.co.uk/ UK Albums Chart]</ref> |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' 200 |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' R&B/Hip hop Albums |align="center"|1 |} {{col-2}} ===Tuzo=== {| daraja="wikitable sortable" |- !Nchi <small>(Msambazaji)</small> ![[Music recording sales certifications|Certification]]<br><small>([[List of music recording sales certifications|sales thresholds]])</small> |- |align="left"|Australia <small>([[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]])</small> |align="center"|5x Platinum<ref name="Kent">{{cite book |last= Kent |first= David |coauthors= |title= Australian Chart Book 1970-1992 |publisher= |year= 2003 |month= |isbn= 0-646-11917-6}}</ref> |- |align="left"|Austria <small>([[IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.at/?section=goldplatin |title=IFPI Austria |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archive-date=2008-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216161149/http://www.ifpi.at/?section=goldplatin |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Canada <small>([[Canadian Recording Industry Association|CRIA]])</small> |align="center"|7x Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php |title=CRIA |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2016-01-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111074458/http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Europe <small>([[IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|3x Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.com/content/section_news/plat1996.html |title=IFPI |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121205011105/http://www.ifpi.com/content/section_news/plat1996.html |archivedate=2012-12-05 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|France <small>([[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|SNEP]])</small> |align="center"|2x Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_P2.php |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2015-06-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150628234808/http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_P2.php }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Germany <small>([[IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>[http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=1&strSuche=Daydream IFPI Germany]</ref> |- |align="left"|Japan <small>([[Recording Industry Association of Japan|RIAJ]])</small> |align="center"|Million<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.riaj.or.jp/data/others/million_list/1995.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archive-date=2013-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103052144/http://www.riaj.or.jp/data/others/million_list/1995.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Netherlands <small>([[NVPI]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.nvpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461 |title=NVPI |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mlJ5UrTg?url=http://www.nvpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461 |archivedate=2010-01-13 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|New Zealand <small>([[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand|RIANZ]])</small> |align="center"|9x Platinum<ref>{{cite book | author=Scapolo, Dean| title=The Complete New Zealand Music Charts 1966-2006 | publisher=RIANZ| year=2007 | isbn=978-1-877443-00-8}}</ref> |- |align="left"|Norway <small>([[IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.no/sok/index_trofe.htm |title=IFPI Norway |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2010-01-18 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5msTleSRi?url=http://www.ifpi.no/sok/index_trofe.htm }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Poland <small>([[Polish Music Charts|ZPAV]])</small> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.zpav.pl/plyty.asp?page=zlote&lang=en |title=ZPAV |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704072214/http://www.zpav.pl/plyty.asp?page=zlote&lang=en |archivedate=2007-07-04 }}</ref> |- |align="left"|Spain <small>([[Productores de Música de España|PROMUSICAE]])</small> |align="center"|3x Platinum<ref name="spain">{{cite book |last=Salaverri|first=Fernando|title=Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002|accessdate=accessdate=2010-07-13|edition=1st |year=2005|month=Septemba|publisher=Fundación Autor-SGAE|location=Spain|isbn=8480486392}}</ref> |- |align="left"|Switzerland <small>([[IFPI]])</small> |align="center"|Gold<ref>[http://hitparade.ch/awards.asp?year=1995 IFPI Switzerland]</ref> |- |align="left"|United Kingdom <small>([[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]])</small> |align="center"|2x Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2010-08-17 |archivedate=2010-01-17 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mr0Evm3j?url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx |https://www.webcitation.org/5mr0Evm3j?url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx |=https://www.webcitation.org/5mr0Evm3j?url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx }}</ref> |- |align="left"|United States <small>([[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]])</small> |align="center"|Diamond<ref>http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH</ref> |- |} {{col-end}} ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo|2}} {{Mariah Carey}} [[Jamii:Albamu za Mariah Carey]] [[Jamii:Albamu za 1995]] tag7axe1mphh21ep1wrnwqx6flannvh 0 55350 1615468 1613548 2026-11-07T23:05:34Z Tbm 44189 1615468 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Prozac.jpg|thumb|right|Fluoxetine (Prozac), ni SSRI]] [[Picha:Venlafaxine-3D-balls.png|thumb|right|Venlafaxine, ni SNRI]] '''Dawamfadhaiko''' (''[[ing.]] antidepressant'') ni [[dawa]] za [[ugonjwa wa akili]] zinazotumika kupunguza mivurugo ya halihisi ya moyo, kama vile mfadhaiko mkubwa na ukataji tamaa na hali ya wasiwasi kama vile woga wa kuingiliana na watu. Dawa kama vile vizuia oksidesi vya monoamini (MAOIs), dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki (TCAs), dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tetrasaikliki (TeCAs), vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini kinachochagua (SSRIs), na vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini-norepinefrini(SNRIs) ndizo zinazohusishwa kwa kawaida na neno hilo. Dawa hizo ni kati ya zile ambazo kwa kawaida huagizwa na wataalamu wa magonjwa ya akili na madaktari wengine, na ufanifu pamoja na athari zake ni mada ya tafiti nyingi na madai mengi yanayoshindana. Dawa nyingi husababisha athari za dawamfadhaiko, lakini vikwazo kuhusu matumizi yake yameleta utata unaosababishwa na kuzitumia kutibu maradhi mengine mbali na yale yaliyokusudiwa, licha ya madai kuwa yana ufanisi wa kiwango cha juu. Ufanifu wa dawamfadhaiko ya kisasa aina ya thaimoleptiki haijawahi kudhihirishwa kikamilifu kuwa ni bora zaidi ya ule wa kipozaungo hai, kulingana na tafiti mbili za shirika la Cochrane Collaboraton.<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60">{{cite journal |author=Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R |title=Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2008-01-17_358_3/page/n74 |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=358 |issue=3 |pages=252–60 |year=2008 |month=Januari |pmid=18199864 |doi=10.1056/NEJMsa065779 }}</ref><ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"> Moncrieff J, Wessely S, Hardy R. (2004) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=Display&amp;DB=pubmed Vipozaungo hai dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko kwa mfadhaiko.] ''Cochrane Database Syst Rev'' (1): CD003012.</ref> Kwa maandishi yaliyochapishwa, tibamifadhaiko ilikuwa na mafanikio ya 94% katika kutibu mfadhaiko. <ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/><ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"/> Kwa maandishi ambayo hayakuchapishwa, mafanikio yalikuwa ni chini ya 50%.<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/> Kwa ujumla, tafiti zote zilionyesha ufanisi<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/> wa 51% - pointi mbili tu zaidi kuliko ile ya kipozaungo. Hii iliongeza dhahiri ufanifi wa dawamfadhaiko tofauti kutoka 11% hadi 69% zaidi ya kipozaungo.<ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60"/> Dawa ambayo huenda ikawa ni tofauti na ile ya mirtazepine- pinzani ya norepinefrini na serotonini, yenye athari zilizo kinyume na zile za SSRI na SNRIS - na venlafaksini, SNRI iliyo na usawa katika mfumo wa kemikali kwa kiwango kikubwa na tramadoli ya afyuni iliyonyumbuliwa. Afyuni zilitumika kutibu mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha juuu hadi mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950. Ampfetamini zilitumika hadi katikati ya miaka ya 1960. Kuagiza afyuni au amfetamini kwa kutibu mfadhaiko ni jambo linaloleta utata kisheria. Utafiti kuhusu uwezo wa afyuni ya kunyumbuliwa wa kutibu mfadhaiko umefanywa mara chache tu katika kipindi cha miaka sitini iliyopita, ili hali amfetamini zimepata soko linalostawi kwa hali mbalimbali kama vile maradhi ya upungufu wa makini, nakolepsi, na [[unene wa kupindukia]] na zinaendelea kuchunguzwa kwa matumizi mengi. Afyuni na amfetamini zote husababisha mwitiko wa haraka sana wa matibabu. Huonyesha matokeo kwa muda usiopita masaa ishirini na manne hadi arobaini na manane; uwiano wa matibabu kwa afyuni na amfetamini ni mkubwa kuliko ule wa dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki. Katika baadhi ya tafiti hizi zenye vikwazo vikuu, buprenofini ya afyuni imeonyesha uwezo mkubwa wa kutibu mfadhaiko mkali ulio sugu kwa matibabu wa dawa yoyote inayojulikana katika utafiti mdogo ambao kwa ujumla ilitambuliwa na kuchapishwa mwaka wa 1995, lakini haijawahi kufwatiliwa kutokana na unyanyapaa wa kijamii unaohusishwa na afyuni pamoja na ile inayohusishwa na ugonjwa wa akili nchini Marekani.<ref> Bodkin JA. et al. (1995): "Buprenorphine treatment of refractory depression", Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 15:49-57. PMID 7714228</ref> Aina nyingi za dawamfadhaiko zinazofanana na asili huchelewa kuanza utekelezaji kwa (kati ya wiki 2-6) na kwa kawaida hutolewa kwa muda wa wakati wowote kati ya miezi hadi miaka. Licha ya jina hilo, dawamfadhaiko mara nyingi hutumika kwa njia ya ubishi, na katika muktadha wa upungufu wa ushahidi unaotegemea majaribio kusaidia dalili zao, matumizi ya dawa kutibu maradhi mengine bali na yale yaliyokusudiwa awali, kama vile hali ya wasiwasi, ugonjwa wa akili ambapo mtu huwa na kiwango cha juu cha tamaa au shauku, matatizo ya kula, maumivu sugu, na baadhi ya hali zinazotatiza urazini wa upatanisho wa homoni kama vile hedhi chungu. Zikiwa peke yao au pamoja na kinza msukosuko (kwa mfano Tegretoli au Depakote), dawa hizi zinaweza kutumika kutibu upungufu makini wa kupepesuka (ADHD) na matumizi mabaya ya dawa kwa kushughulikia mfadhaiko msingi. Pia, dawamfadhaiko zimetumika wakati mwingine kutibu kukoroma na vipandauso. Dawa zingine ambazo kwa kawaida haziitwi dawamfadhaiko, ikiwa ni pamoja na vizuia magonjwa ya akili vya vipimo vya chini <ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.4088/JCP.v64n0512 |author=Wheeler Vega JA, Mortimer AM, Tyson PJ |title=Conventional antipsychotic prescription in unipolar depression, I: an audit and recommendations for practice |journal=The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry |volume=64 |issue=5 |pages=568–74 |year=2003 |month=Mei |pmid=12755661 |url=http://www.psychiatrist.com/abstracts/abstracts.asp?abstract=200305/050311.htm |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2011-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717000127/http://www.psychiatrist.com/abstracts/abstracts.asp?abstract=200305/050311.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> na benzodiazepini, <ref>{{cite journal |author=Petty F, Trivedi MH, Fulton M, Rush AJ |title=Benzodiazepines as antidepressants: does GABA play a role in depression? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-psychiatry_1995-11-01_38_9/page/n13 |journal=Biological Psychiatry |volume=38 |issue=9 |pages=578–91 |year=1995 |month=Novemba |pmid=8573660 |doi=10.1016/0006-3223(95)00049-7}}</ref> zinaweza kutumika kwa kudhibiti mfadhaiko, ingawa benzodiazepini - pamoja na dawa zote zinazoitwa "dawamfadhaiko" - husababisha utegemezi wa mwili. Kuacha matibabu ya benzodiazepini (au SSRI) kwa ghafla kunaweza kusababisha dalili zisizopendeza za kuachishwa. Kizinduo cha mmea wa St John's Wort hutumika kwa kawaida kama dawamfadhaiko, ingawa imealamishwa kama kijalizo cha chakula katika nchi zingine. Neno ''dawamfadhaiko'' wakati mwingine hutumiwa kwa tiba (kwa mfano, matibabu ya kisaikolojia, tiba ya msukosuko ya umeme, tiba vitobo) au mchakato (kwa mfano kuvuruga usingizi, kuongezeka kwa kiwango cha mwanga, mazoezi ya mara kwa mara) yametambulika kama njia za kudhibiti mfadhaiko wa kimawazo. Vipozaungo tepetevu vinaweza kuleta athari kuu za dawamfadhaiko, kwa hivyo, ili kudhibitisha Dutu kama "dawamfadhaiko", katika utafiti wa kiafya wa kliniki ni muhimu kuonyesha ukuu wake ukilinganishwa na kipozaungo. <ref>" [http://healthlifeandstuff.com/2009/07/do-we-know-anything-about-antidepressants/ Je, dawamfadhaiko hufanya kazi kama ilivyoahidiwa?] {{Wayback|url=http://healthlifeandstuff.com/2009/07/do-we-know-anything-about-antidepressants/ |date=20100924095828 }}</ref> == Historia == [[Picha:Saint John's wort flowers.jpg|thumb|right|250px|St John's Wort]] Afyuni mbalimbali (kupitia kipokezi cha μ-cha afyuni na kipokezi cha k-cha afyuni) na ya amfetamini zilitumika mara nyingi kama dawamfadhaiko hadi miaka ya 1950, wakati zilipopoteza umaarufu wao kutokana na hali yao ya kulevya na madhara yake. <ref name="Weber 1988 255–66">{{cite journal|last=Weber|first=MM|year=1988|month=Julai|title=Current and Historical Concepts of Opiate Treatment in Psychiatric Disorders|journal=International Clinical Psychopharmacology|volume=3|issue=3|pages=255–66|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |pmid=3153713 |url=http://journals.lww.com/intclinpsychopharm/Abstract/1988/07000/Current_and_Historical_Concepts_of_Opiate.7.aspx |doi=10.1097/00004850-198807000-00007 |accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Emrich|first2=HM}}</ref> Dondoo kutoka kwenye mmea wa St John's Wort zimetumika kwa muda mrefu kama "dawa ya kuchangamsha neva" ili kupunguza mfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Czygan|first=FC|date=8 Mei 2003|title=Kulturgeschichte und Mystik des Johanniskrauts: Vom 2500 Jahre alten Apotropaikum zum aktuellen Antidepressivum|journal=Pharmazie in unserer Zeit|volume=32|issue=3|pages=184–190|publisher=WILEY-VCH Verlag|location=Weinheim|doi=10.1002/pauz.200390062|language=German|accessdate=2009-05-28|pmid=12784538}}</ref> === Isoniazidi na iproniazidi === Katika mwaka wa 1951, watu wawili kutoka Hospitali ya Sea View katika kisiwa cha Staten, Irving Selikoff na Edward Robitzek, walianza kufanya utafiti wa kiafya kwa vikolezo viwili vipya vya [[Kifua kikuu|kupambana na kifua kikuu]] kutoka Hoffman-LaRoche, isoniazidi na iproniazidi. Ni wagonjwa waliolemewa na ugonjwa pekee waliotibiwa hapo awali; hata hivyo, hali yao iliendelea kuwa bora kwa kasi kikubwa. Selikoff na Robitzek waligundua "mchangamsho mpole kwa ujumla...wagonjwa walionekana kuwa na nguvu mpya na kwa kweli, mara kwa mara jambo hili lilisababisha matatizo ya kinidhamu." Matumaini ya tiba ya kifua kikuu katika majaribio ya hospitali ya Sea View yalijadiliwa kwa msisimuko katika vyombo vikuu vya habari. Katika mwaka wa 1952, baada ya kujifunza kuhusu madhara ya uchochezi ya isoniazidi, mtaalamu wa saikolojia kutoka Cincinnati, Max Lurie, aliijaribu kuitumia kwa wagonjwa wake. Katika mwaka uliofuata, yeye na Harry Salzer waliripoti kuwa isoniazidi ilipunguza mfadhaiko katika theluthi mbili ya wagonjwa wao na wakaunda neno ''dawamfadhaiko'' kuelezea kitendo hiki. <ref name="isbn0-88048-397-0">{{cite book|last=Healy|first=D|editor=Weissman MM|title=The treatment of depression: bridging the 21st century|url=http://books.google.com/?id=LAmBVolIG5kC|accessdate=2009-05-28|year=2001|publisher=American Psychiatric Pub|isbn=978-0-88048-397-1|pages=10–11|chapter=The Antidepressant Drama|chapterurl=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=LAmBVolIG5kC&printsec=frontcover#PPA7,M1}}</ref> Tukio sawa na hili lilifanyika Paris, ambako Jean Delay, mkuu wa taaluma ya tiba ya magonjwa ya akili katika hospitali ya Sainte-Anne, aligundua madhara ya isoniazidi kutoka kwa wenzake wa taaluma ya magonjwa ya mpumuo katika hospitali ya Cochin. Katika mwaka wa 1952, kabla ya Lurie na Salzer, Delay, pamoja na mkaazi Jean-Francois Buisson, alitoa taarifa kuhusu athari chanya ya isoniazidi kwa wagonjwa waliofadhaika. <ref name="Healy96"> " {{cite book|last=Healy|first=David|title=The psychopharmacologists : interviews|accessdate=2009-05-28|year=c1996|publisher=Chapman and Hall|location=London|isbn=978-1-86036-008-4|page=8}}</ref> Kwa sababu zisizohusiana na ufanisi wake, matumizi ya isoniazidi kama dawamfadhaiko hatimaye yalitolewa maanani na kubadilishwa na dawa yenye sumu zaidi ya iproniazid, <ref name="isbn0-88048-397-0"/> ingawa bado ni msingi wa matibabu ya kifua kikuu. Njia ya utendakazi ya dawamfadhaiko ya isoniazidi bado haieleweki vyema. Inakisiwa kwamba athari zake zinatokana na kuzuiliwa kwa oksidesi diamini, pamoja na uzuiaji dhaifu wa oksidesi ya monoamini A. <ref name="isbn1-86036-010-6">{{cite book |author=Healy, David |title=The Psychopharmacologists: Volume 2 |url=https://archive.org/details/psychopharmacolo0000heal |publisher=A Hodder Arnold Publication |year=1998 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/psychopharmacolo0000heal/page/132 132]–4 |isbn=978-1-86036-010-7 }}</ref> Dawa nyingine ya kifua kikuu iliyojaribiwa wakati huohuo na Selikoff na Robitzek, iproniazidi, ilionyesha athari kuu zaidi za "kichocheaakili", lakini ilikuwa na kiwango cha juu zaidi cha kusumisha. Baada ya chapisho kuhusu isoniazidi, majarida ya Jackson Smith, Gordon Kamman, George Crane, na Frank Ayd yalijitokeza, yakieleza namna mbalimbali ambavyo dawa ya iproniazid inaweza kutumika kutibu magonjwa ya akili. Zeller Ernst alitambua kuwa dawa ya iproniazidi ni kizuia oksidesi ya monoamini yenye nguvu. <ref name="pmid18004120">{{cite journal |author=López-Muñoz F, Alamo C, Juckel G, Assion HJ |title=Half a century of antidepressant drugs: on the clinical introduction of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclics, and tetracyclics. Part I: monoamine oxidase inhibitors |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychopharmacology_2007-12_27_6/page/555 |journal=J Clin Psychopharmacol |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=555–9 |year=2007 |pmid=18004120 |doi=10.1097/jcp.0b013e3181bb617 }}</ref> Hata hivyo, dawa ya iproniazidi ilibaki pembeni kiasi hadi pale ambapo Nathan Kline, mkuu wa utafiti katika hospitali ya Rock state mwenye ushaufu na ushawishi mkuubwa, alianza kuieneza katika vyombo vya habari vya uuguzi na vile maarufu kama "changamsho la akili". <ref name="pmid18004120"/> <ref>{{cite news|title=Psychic Energizer|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,862555,00.html|date=15 Aprili 1957|publisher=Time Magazine|accessdate=2009-05-28|archivedate=2013-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811223331/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C862555%2C00.html}}</ref> Roche ilitia juhudi za uuzaji wa iproniazid, ikiwa ni pamoja na ukuzaji wa matumizi yake kutibu maradhi mengine bali na yale yaliyokusudiwa awali kwa kutibu mfadhaiko. <ref name="pmid18004120"/> Mauzo yake yalikuwa kwa kiasi kikubwa katika miaka iliyofuata, hadi pale ambapo zilibatilishwa kutoka sokoni mwaka wa 1961 kutokana na matukio kadhaa ya uharibifu wa ini unaobababisha mauti. <ref name="pmid18004120"/> === Dawa ya Imipramini === Ugunduzi kwamba mchanganyiko wa duara tatu ("wenye duara tatu") uliokuwa na athari kubwa kama dawamfadhaiko iliundwa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka wa 1957 na Roland Kuhn katika hospitali ya magonjwa ya akili nchini Uswisi. Kufikia wakati huo, vinyumbuliwa vya kimaliza kemikali za mzio vilitumiwa zaidi kutibu mshtuko wa upasuaji na baadaye kama niuroleptiki ya magonjwa ya akili. Ingawa katika mwaka wa 1955 risapini ilionyeshwa kuwa bora zaidi kuliko kipozaungo kwa kupunguza niuroleptiki za mfadhaiko (kwa maana iliyo wazi, "kushika neva" au "kukamata neva") zilikuwa zinaundwa kama vitulizo na vizuia magonjwa ya akili. Akijaribu kuboresha ufanisi wa klorpromazini, Kuhn, akishirikiana na kampuni ya madawa ya Geigy, aligundua kwamba mchanganyiko "G 22355" (uliotengenezwa na kuwekwa chini ya amri ya serikali dhidi ya uigaji wake nchini Marekani katika mwaka wa 1951 na Häfliger na Schinder) ilikuwa na athari ya manufaa kwa wagonjwa wa mfadhaiko unaofuatana na kudumaa kwa mwendo. Kuhn kwanza aliripoti matokeo yake kuhusu kile alichokiita "thaimoleptiki" (kwa maana iliyo wazi, "kukamata hisia," kinyume na niuroleptiki, "kukamata neva") katika miaka ya 1955-56. Hatua kwa hatua, yaliimarishwa, na kusababisha uuzaji na ununuzi wa dawa ya kwanza dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki, imipramini, ambayo punde ilifuatwa na vibadala. === Historia ya baadaye === Tiba hizi mpya za dawa ziligeuka kuwa dawa zinazoagizwa na daktari katika miaka ya 1950. Ilikadiriwa kuwa watu chini ya 50-100 kwa kila watu milioni moja waliugua kutokana na aina ya mfadhaiko ambao dawa hizi mpya zingetibu, na makampuni ya dawa hayakuwa na hamu. Mauzo katika miaka ya 1960 yaliendelea kuwa ya kiwango cha chini yakilinganishwa na dawa muhimu za kutuliza maumivu (nyuroleptiki / vizuia magonjwa ya akili) na dawa hafifu za kutuliza maumivu (kama vile benzodiazepini), ambazo ziliuzwa kwa matumizi mbalimbali. <ref name="3faces">{{cite journal |author=Healy D |title=The three faces of the antidepressants: a critical commentary on the clinical-economic context of diagnosis |journal=J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. |volume=187 |issue=3 |pages=174–80 |year=1999 |month=Machi |pmid=10086474 |doi=10.1097/00005053-199903000-00007 |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0022-3018&volume=187&issue=3&spage=174 |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2012-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111120405/http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0022-3018&volume=187&issue=3&spage=174 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Imipramine ilibaki kwa matumizi ya kawaida na dawa zingine nyingi zilivumbuliwa. Uwanja wa vizuizi vya MAO ulikimya kwa miaka mingi hadi miundo "inayoweza kupinduliwa" na zinazoathiri tu aina ndogo ya MAO-A ziliingizwa, ili kuepuka baadhi ya athari mbaya. <ref name="3faces"/> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Pletscher A |title=The discovery of antidepressants: a winding path |journal=Experientia |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=4–8 |year=1991 |month=Januari |pmid=1999242 |doi= 10.1007/BF02041242|url=}}</ref> Kufikia miaka ya 1960, wataalamu wengi wa madawa walifikiri kuwa kazi muhimu ya matibabu ya trisaikliki ilikuwa ni kuzuia ufyonyaji mpya wa norepinefrini, lakini hatua kwa hatua ilidhihirika kwamba kitendo hiki kilihusishwa na athari za uchangamshaji na uchochezi wa misuli ya mwendo, ilhali baadhi ya michanganyiko ya dawamfadhaiko zilionekana kuwa na athari tofauti kupitia utendaji katika mifumo ya serotonini (hasa iliyopendekezwa katika mwaka wa 1969 na Carlsson na Lindqvist pamoja na Lapin na Oxenkrug). Watafiti walianza mchakato wa ubunifu wa madawa ya razini ili kutenga michanganyiko iliyozalishwa kutoka kwa kimaliza kemikali za mzio ambazo zingelenga mifumo hii kwa njia ya uteuzi. Mchanganyiko wa kwanza kama huu kulindwa na serikali dhidi ya uigaji ilikuwa zimelidini katika mwaka wa 1971, ili hali ya kwanza kuidhinishwa kwa matumizi ilikuwa indalpini. Fluoxetini iliidhinishwa kwa matumizi ya kibiashara na ya Shirika la Chakula na Dawa (Marekani) mwaka wa 1988, na ikawa SSRI ya kwanza kupata umaarufu. Fluoksetini ilitengenezwa na Eli Lilly katika miaka ya awali ya 1970 akiwa pamoja na Bryan Molloy, David Wong na wengine. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Domino EF |title=History of modern psychopharmacology: a personal view with an emphasis on antidepressants |journal=Psychosom Med |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=591–8 |year=1999 |pmid=10511010 |doi= |url=http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10511010}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Wong DT, Bymaster FP, Horng JS, Molloy BB |title=A new selective inhibitor for uptake of serotonin into synaptosomes of rat brain: 3-(p-trifluoromethylphenoxy). N-methyl-3-phenylpropylamine |journal=J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. |volume=193 |issue=3 |pages=804–11 |year=1975 |month=Juni |pmid=1151730 |doi= |url=http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=1151730 |access-date=2010-10-18 |archive-date=2021-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119145719/https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/193/3/804.long |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ingawa ilipoteza umaarufu wake katika nchi nyingi kupitia karne za 19 na 20, mmea St John's Wort iliendelea kuwa maarufu nchini [[Ujerumani]], ambapo dondoo za Haiparikamu hatimaye ziliidhinishwa, zikafungwa katika vifurushi na uagizwa na madaktari. Majaribio ya ufanisi kwa kiwango kidogo yalifanywa katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980, na yalitiliwa maanani zaidi katika miaka ya 1990 kufuatia uchambuzi wa matokeo ya tafiti kadhaa kati ya majaribio haya. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Linde K, Ramirez G, Mulrow CD, Pauls A, Weidenhammer W, Melchart D |title=St John's wort for depression--an overview and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials |journal=BMJ |volume=313 |issue=7052 |pages=253–8 |year=1996 |month=Agosti |pmid=8704532 |pmc=2351679 |doi= |url=http://bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8704532}}</ref> Ilibaki kuwa dawa inayoweza kuuzwa bila maelekezo ya daktari (OTC) au ya kuongezea katika nchi nyingi na utafiti uliendelea ili kuchunguza athari zake za nyurotransmita na vijenzi kazi, hasa hyperforini <ref>{{cite journal |author=Müller WE |title=Current St John's wort research from mode of action to clinical efficacy |journal=Pharmacol. Res. |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=101–9 |year=2003 |month=Februari |pmid=12543057 |doi= 10.1016/S1043-6618(02)00266-9|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1043661802002669}}</ref> SSRI zilikuja kuwa maarufu kama "dawamfadhaiko mpya" pamoja na dawa nyingine mpya zaidi kama vile SNRI na NRI zilizokwa na athari mbalimbali teuzi, kama vile venlafaksini, duloksetini, nefazodoni na mitazapini. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Freeman | first = H | year = 1996 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VM1-3WJNNMF-TX&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1996&_alid=513741720&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_qd=1&_cdi=6137&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=72e4e5cb18384ee1f4f599ed1080eda7 | title = Tolerability and safety of novel antidepressants | journal = European Psychiatry | volume = 11 | issue = supplement 4 | pages = 206 | doi = 10.1016/0924-9338(96)88597-X | access-date = 2010-10-18 | archive-date = 2008-12-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081206232457/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VM1-3WJNNMF-TX&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1996&_alid=513741720&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_qd=1&_cdi=6137&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=72e4e5cb18384ee1f4f599ed1080eda7 | dead-url = yes }}</ref> == Aina za dawamfadhaiko == === Vizuizi chaguzi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini (SSRIs) === ''Vizuizi chaguzi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini'' (SSRIs) ni aina ya dawamfadhaiko zinazozingatiwa kama matibabu ya madawa ya kiwango cha kisasa. Yamkini chanzo kimoja cha mfadhaiko ni kiwango kisichotosha cha serotonini, kemikali inayotumika kwenye ubongo kuhamisha ishara kutoka niuroni moja hadi nyingine. Inaaminika kuwa SSRI hufanya kazi kwa kuzuia ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini (inayojulikana pia kama 5 haidroksitriptamini, au 5-HT) kupitia niuroni ya mwanya wa sinapati, na hivyo kudumisha viwango vya juu vya 5-HT katika sinepsi. Wataalamu wa kemia Klaus Schmiegel na Bryan Molloy wa Eli Lilly waligundua fluoksetini ya SSRI ya kwanza. Kategoria hii ya madawa ni pamoja na: *Sitalopramu (Celexa, Cipramili) *Eskitalopramu (Lexapro, Cipralex, Seroplex, Lexamili) *Fluoksetini (Prozak, Sarafemu, Symbyax) *Fluvoksamini (Luvox) *Paroksetini (Paxili, Aropax) *Satralini (Zoloft) Kwa kawaida, dawamfadhaiko hizi huwa na athari chache zaidi ikilinganishwa na zile za duara tatu au MAOI, ingawa athari kama kizunguzungu, kinywa kikavu, woga, wasiwasi, kukosa usingizi, kupungua kwa hamu ya chakula, kuongeza uzito kwa muda mrefu na kupunguka kwa uwezo kujamiiana huweza kutokea. Baadhi ya athari zinaweza kupungua kulingana na namna ambavyo mtu anazoea dawa, lakini huenda athari zingine zikaendelea. Ingawa ni salama kuliko kizazi cha kwanza cha dawamfadhaiko, SSRI huenda zisitibu wagonjwa wengi ikilinganishwa na kategoria za awali za dawamfadhaiko, {{Citation needed|date=Mei 2009}} na hivyo kupendekeza kuwa jukumu la norepinefrini katika matibabu ya mfadhaiko bado ni muhimu. Kazi ya watafiti wawili imeibua suala la uhusiano kati ya upungufu wa serotonini na dalili za mfadhaiko, ikibainisha kuwa utendakazi bora wa SSRI kama dawa ya matibabu pekee haithibitishi uhusiano huo. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Lacasse J, Leo J |title=Serotonin and depression: a disconnect between the advertisements and the scientific literature |journal=PLoS Med |volume=2 |issue=12 |pages=e392 |year=2005 |pmid=16268734 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020392 |pmc=1277931}} ''[http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&amp;doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020392 Maelezo kamili] {{Wayback|url=http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0020392 |date=20090122081424 }}''</ref> Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa dawa hizi zinaweza kuingiliana na vipengele vya unukuzi vinavyojulikana kama "jeni za saa" <ref>{{cite journal |author=Uz T, Ahmed R, Akhisaroglu M, Kurtuncu M, Imbesi M, Dirim Arslan A, Manev H |title=Effect of fluoxetine and cocaine on the expression of clock genes in the mouse hippocampus and striatum |journal=Neuroscience |volume=134 |issue=4 |pages=1309–16 |year=2005 |pmid=15994025 |doi=10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.003}}</ref>, zinazoweza kuchangia pakubwa kwa tabia ya uzoefu wa madawa ya kulevya (matumizi mabaya ya madawa), na huenda pia ikasababisha unene wa kupindukia. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Yuferov V, Butelman E, Kreek M |title=Biological clock: biological clocks may modulate drug addiction |journal=Eur J Hum Genet |volume=13 |issue=10 |pages=1101–3 |year=2005 |pmid=16094306 |doi=10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201483}}</ref> <ref> {{cite journal |author=Manev H, Uz T |title=Clock genes as a link between addiction and obesity |journal=Eur J Hum Genet |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=5 |year=2006 |pmid=16288309 |doi=10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201524}} ''[http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v13/n10/full/5201483a.html Maelezo kamili]'' </ref> Majaribio yaliyodhibitiwa na yasiyo na utaratibu maalumu yaliyochapishwa katika Hifadhi za nyaraka za taaluma ya jumla ya tiba ya magonjwa ya akili yalionyesha kuwa hadi moja kati ya tatu ya athari za matibabu ya SSRI yanaweza kuonekana katika wiki ya kwanza. Athari hizi za awali pia zimeonyesha kuongeza upungufu kamili wa alama za HRSD kwa 50%. === Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini-norepinefrini (SNRIs) === ''Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini-norepinefrini'' (SNRIs) ni aina mpya ya dawamfadhaiko zinazofanya kazi na norepinefrini na 5-HT zote. Kwa kawaida dawa hizi zina athari sawa na SSRIs, ingawa zinaweza kusababisha athari zinazotokana na kutoendelea kuzitumia na jambo hili linaweza kulazimisha kupunguzwa polepole kwa kipimo cha dawa. Hizi ni pamoja na: *Desvenlafaksini (Pristiq) *Duloksetini (Cymbalta) *Milnasipramu (Ixel) *Venlafaksini (Effexor) === Dawamfadhaiko za norepinefrini na zinazotoa serotonini (NaSSAs) === Dawamfadhaiko za norepinefrini na zinazotoa serotonini (NaSSAs) zinaunda kategoria mpya zaidi ya dawamfadhaiko ambayo inaaminika inatenda kazi kwa kuongeza norepinefrini (noradrenalini) na uhamishaji wa serotonini kati ya niuroni kwa kuzuia vipokezi vya adrenaji vya mwanya wa sinapati alfa 2 na kwa wakati huo huo kuzuia vipokezi fulani vya serotonini. <ref> http://www.cnsforum.com/imagebank/item/Drug_nassa/default.aspx</ref> Athari ni pamoja kizunguzungu, kuongezeka kwa hamu ya chakula, na kuongezeka kwa uzito. <ref name="Stimmel">{{cite journal|last=Stimmel |first=GL|year=1997|month=Jan-Feb|title=Mirtazapine: an antidepressant with noradrenergic and specific serotonergic effects|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_pharmacotherapy_january-february-1997_17_1/page/10 |journal=Pharmacotherapy|volume=17|issue=1|pages=10–21|publisher=American College of Clinical Pharmacy|issn=0277-0008|pmid=9017762|accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Dopheide|first2=JA|last3=Stahl|first3=SM}}</ref> Mifano ni pamoja na: *Mianserini (Tolvon) *Mirtazapini (Remeron, Avanza, Zispin) === Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini (NRIs) === ''Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini'' (NRIs) hutenda kazi kupitia norepinefrini (inayojulikana pia kama ''noradrenalini).'' NRIs zinadhaniwa kuwa na athari chanya hasa kwa umakini na motisha. Hivi ni pamoja na: *Atomoksetini (Strattera) *Mazindoli (Mazanor, Sanorex) *Reboksetini (Edronax) *Viloksazini (Vivalan) === Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini (NDRIs) === ''Vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini'' huzuia na ufyonyaji upya wa dopamini na norepinefrini (noradrenalini). <ref>{{cite journal|last=Stahl|first=SM|year=2004|title=A Review of the Neuropharmacology of Bupropion, a Dual Norepinephrine and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor|journal=Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry|volume=6|issue=4|pages=159–166|publisher=Physicians Postgraduate Press|pmc=514842|accessdate=2009-05-28|doi=10.4088/PCC.v06n0403|pmid=15361919|last2=Pradko|first2=JF|last3=Haight|first3=BR|last4=Modell|first4=JG|last5=Rockett|first5=CB|last6=Learned-Coughlin|first6=S}}</ref> Hivi ni pamoja na: *Bupropioni (Wellbutrini, Zybani) === Vizidishi chaguzi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Serotonini (SSREs) === *Tianeptini (Stablon, Coaxil, Tatinol) === Viondoa vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini (NDDIs) === Viondoa vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa Norepinefrini na dopamini (NDDIs) hutenda kazi kwa kupingana na kipokezi cha serotonini cha 5-HT2C ambacho kwa kawaida huzuia kuondolewa kwa norepinefrini na dopamini, na hivyo kuendeleza mbubujiko wa nyurotransmita hizi. *Agomelatini (Valdoxan, Melitor, Thymanax) === Dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya Trisaikliki (TCAs) === ''Dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya Trisaikliki'' ni kategoria nzee zaidi ya dawa za dawamfadhaiko. Dawa za Trisaikliki huziba ufyonyaji upya wa nyurotransmita fulani kama vile norepinefrini (noradrenalini) na serotonini. Hazitumiki sana kutokana na uvumbuzi wa madawa salama zaidi na yenye uwezo zaidi wa kuchagua. Madhara ni pamoja na kuongezeka kwa kiwango cha upigaji [[Moyo|moyo]], kuzinzia, mdomo mkavu, uyabisi wa tumbo, uwekaji wa mkojo, kiwaa, kizunguzungu, kuchanganyikiwa, na utendakazi mbaya wa kingono. Kiwango cha sumu hutokea wakati takriban mara kumi ya kipimo cha kawaida cha dawa kinapofikiwa. Mara nyingi madawa haya husababisha mauti yakizidisha kiasi cha dawa kinachohitajika, na yanaweza kusababisha arithimia mbaya. Hata hivyo, dawa za dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki bado zinatumika kutokana na ufanisi wao, hasa katika matukio mabaya ya mfadhaiko mkuu. Hizi ni pamoja na: '''Dawamfadhaiko za kiwango cha juu aina ya trisaikliki amini''' *Amitriptailini (Elavil, Endep) *Klomipramini (Anafranili) *Doksepini (Adapini, Sinequani) *Imipramini (Tofranili) *Trimipramini (Surmontil) '''Dawamfadhaiko za kiwango cha kati aina ya trisaikliki amini''' *Desipramini (Norpramini) *Nortriptailini (Pamelor, Aventili, Noritreni) *Protriptailini (Vivactili) === Kizuizi cha oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs) === ''Vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini'' (MAOIs) vinaweza kutumika ikiwa dawa zingine za dawamfadhaiko hazijafaulu kufanya kazi. MAOIs hufanya kazi za kuzuia kimeng'enya cha oksidesi ya monoamini inayovunja nyurotransmita dopamini, serotonini, na norepinefrini (noradrenalini). Kutokana na uwezekano wa mwingiliano unaoweza kusababisha kifo kati ya kategoria hii ya madawa na vyakula fulani (hasa vile vyenye tairamini), pamoja na baadhi ya madawa, MAOIs za zamani huagizwa mara chache zaidi siku hizi. Hata hivyo, Emsam,dawa yenye muundo wa kiraka wa selegilini inayopitia kwenye ngozi, ni tofauti. Kutokana na ukwepaji wake wa tumbo, ina uwezekano mdogo zaidi wa kusababisha matukio sawa na yale ya madawa mengine katika kikundi cha MAOIs. <ref name="Cascade01">{{cite journal |author=Cascade EF, Kalali AH |journal=Psychiatry 2007 |month=Juni |year=2007 |title=EMSAM: The First Year |url=http://www.psychiatrymmc.com/emsam-the-first-year/ |accessdate=2009-11-30 |archive-date=2010-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228220220/http://www.psychiatrymmc.com/emsam-the-first-year/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Madawa ya MAOIs yanaweza kuleta matokeo bora sawa na yale ya madawa dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic, ingawa kwa ujumla hayatumiki sana kwa sababu yamerekodi matukio mengi zaidi ya athari hatari na kuathiriana. Kizazi kipya cha MAOIs kimeanzishwa; moklobemidi (Manerix), inayojulikana kama kizuizi kinachopindulika cha oksidesi ya monoamini A RIMA), na kinafanya kazi kwa kipindi kifupi zaidi na kwa njia ya kuchagua na haihitaji chakula maalum. Kikundi cha madawa ya MAOI ni pamoja na: *Aisokaboksazidi (Marplan) *Moklobemidi (Aurorix, Manerix) *Fenilzini (Nardili) *Selegilini (Eldepryl, Emsamu) *Tranilsaipromini (Parnati) === Dawa za Kukuza === Imetambulika kuwa baadhi ya dawa za mfadhaiko zinafanya kazi vizuri zaidi kwa wagonjwa wengine yakitumiwa pamoja na dawa zingine. Dawa kama hizo za "kukuza" ni pamoja na: *Buspironi (Buspar) *Gepironi (Ariza) *Nefazodoni (Serzoni) *Tandospironi (Sedieli) *Trazodoni (Desyreli) *Bupropioni (Wellbutrini / Zybani) ''Vitulizo na vipozo'', hasa vile vya benzodiazepini, huagizwa kwa kupunguza wasiwasi na kuleta usingizi. Kwa sababu ya hatari kubwa ya utegemezi, dawa hizi zinanuiwa kutumika kwa kipindi kifupi au mara chache pekee. Mara nyingi madawa huwa hayatumiki kwa utendakazi wao msingi, bali kwa ajili ya kutumia kile ambacho kwa kawaida ni athari yao. Fumarati ya Kwetiapini (Seroquel) imebuniwa kimsingi kwa kutibu skizofrenia na ugonjwa wa furaha-mfadhaiko, lakini mara kwa mara husababisha kusinzia kutokana na mshikamano wake na vipokezi vya histamini (H1 na H2); na hivyo inatumia madhara sawa na kidhibiti mzio wa hewa (Benadryl). ''Vizuia magonjwa ya akili'' kama vile risperidoni (Risperdal), olanzapini (Zyprexa), na kwetiapini (Seroqueli) yanaagizwa kama vidhibiti halihisi ya moyo na kwa kutibu wasiwasi. Matumizi yao kama vidhibiti halihisi ya moyo ni jambo la hivi karibuni, na limeibua utata kati ya wagonjwa wengine. Vizuia magonjwa ya akili, viwe ni vya kawaida au visokawaida vinaweza pia kuagizwa ili kukuza dawamfadhaiko, kuongeza ukolezi kwenye damu wa dawa nyingine, au kupunguza dalili za kichaa au za wazimu ambazo mara nyingi huandamana na mfadhaiko wa kimawazo. Hata hivyo, vinaweza kusababisha madhara makubwa, hasa vikichukuliwa kwa vipimo vya juu. Madhara ni pamoja na Kiwaa, mkazoghafla wa misuli, kutotulia, kutoweza kusongeza viungo kwenye dalili zinazoonekana polepole, na kuongezeka kwa uzito. Vichocheaakili wakati mwingine huongezwa kwenye utaratibu wa matibabu dhidi ya mfadhaiko ikiwa mgonjwa anaugua kutokana na anihedonia, na kulala kupindukia na/ au kula kupindukia pamoja na kiwango cha chini cha motisha. Dalili hizi ni za kawaida kwa mfadhaiko usio wa kawaida, na zinaweza kutatuliwa kwa kuongeza kipimo cha chini hadi wastani cha amfetamini (Adderall), methylphenidate (Ritalin) au modafinili (Provigil, Alertec), kwa kuwa kemikali hizi zinaweza kuongeza motisha na kuboresha maingiliano ya kijamii, na kuzuia hamu ya chakula na usingizi. Modafinili ni ya kipekee kutokana na athari zake kwa usingizi: inaongeza umakini na kupunguza kizunguzungu wakati mgonjwa yuko macho, lakini haizuii kulala kwa kawaida. Dawa hizi pia zinaweza kurejesha msukumo wa ngono, ingawa hii ni athari hasi na sio sababu ya kuagizwa kwa vichocheaakili. Hata hivyo, tahadhari ni lazima ichukuliwe vikitumika kwa watu fulani. Vichangamsha vimetambuliwa kuchokonoa vipindi vya wazimu kwa watu wanaougua maradhi ya hisia mseto. Usimamizi wa karibu unasisitizwa kwa walio na matatizo ya matumizi mabaya ya dawa. Wagonjwa wenye mhemuko unaobadilika kwa urahisi wanapaswa kujiepusha na vichangamsha kwa kuwa vinatibua kubadilika kwa halihisi ya moyo. ''Lithiamu'' bado ndiyo tiba ya kiwango kilichokubalika kutibu maradhi ya hisia mseto, na mara nyingi hutumika pamoja na madawa mengine, ikitegemea ikiwa kinachotibiwa ni wazimu au mfadhaiko. Madhara ya Lithiamu ambayo huenda yakajitokeza ni pamoja na kiu, kutetemeka,udhaifu, kichefuchefu na kuendesha. Baadhi ya kinza-msukosuko, kama vile kabamazefini (Tegretol), valiproati ya sodiamu (Epilim), na lamotrijini (Lamictal), pia hutumika kama vidhibiti halihisi ya moyo, hasa kwa kutibu maradhi ya hisia mseto. Lithiamu na lamotrijini zote pia zimechunguzwa na kutumika kwa kukuza dawa dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko katika matibabu ya mfadhaiko sugu ya hisia aina moja. == Mikondo ya uagizaji dawa == Nchini Uingereza matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko yameongezeka kwa 234% katika kipindi cha miaka 10 kufikia mwaka wa 2002. <ref>[74] ^ (Taasisi ya Kitaifa ya Ubora wa Matibabu, 2004)</ref> Nchini Marekani, ripoti huru iliyotolewa mwaka wa 2005 ilionyesha kuwa 11% ya wanawake na 5% ya wanaume wasioishi katika nyumba za utunzaji wa wenye mahitaji maalum (2002) hutumia dawamfadhaiko. <ref>[http://www.meps.ahrq.gov/mepsweb/data_stats/Pub_ProdResults_Details.jsp?pt=Statistical%20Brief&amp;opt=2&amp;id=685 ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.meps.ahrq.gov/mepsweb/data_stats/Pub_ProdResults_Details.jsp?pt=Statistical%20Brief&opt=2&id=685 |date=20250626193041 }} Stagnitti, M. (2005) Matumizi ya Dawamfadhaiko kati ya wananchi wa Marekani wasio katika vyumba vya ustawi wa jamii, 2002. Takwimu fupi # 77. Rockville, MD: Jopo la Matumizi ya pesa kwa Uuguzi, Shirika la Utafiti kuhusu Ubora wa Huduma za Afya.</ref> Uchunguzi uliofanywa mwaka wa 1998 uligundua kuwa 67% ya wagonjwa waliotambuliwa kuwa na mfadhaiko waliagiziwa dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Sleath B, Shih YC |title=Sociological influences on antidepressant prescribing |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_social-science-medicine_2003-03_56_6/page/1335 |journal=Soc Sci Med |volume=56 |issue=6 |pages=1335–44 |year=2003 |month=Machi |pmid=12600369 |doi=10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00132-6 }}</ref> Utafiti uliofanywa mwaka wa 2007 ulionyesha kuwa 25% ya Wamarekani walitambulishwa kuwa na ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko zaidi ya idadi kamili iliyougua ugonjwa huo, hata bila kuzingatia matibabu yoyote.<ref>{{cite news|title=Depression could be overdiagnosed|url=http://www.heraldnet.com/article/20070403/NEWS02/704030755|agency=The Washington Post|publisher=HeraldNet|year=2007|month=Aprili|accessdate=2009-05-28}}</ref> Msingi wa matokeo haya yalikuwa ni utafiti wa kitaifa wa watu 8,098. Utafiti uliofanywa mwaka wa 2002 ulitambua kuwa karibu 3.5% ya watu wote nchini [[Ufaransa]] walikuwa wakiagiziwa dawamfadhaiko, ikilinganishwa na 1.7% mwaka wa 1992. Mara nyingi dawa hizi huagizwa bila kuzingatia amri wala miongozo <ref name="Ol">{{cite journal|last=Olié|first=JP|year=2002|month=Oktoba|title=Antidepressants consumption in the global population in France|journal=L'Encéphale|volume=28|issue=5 pt. 1|pages=411–7|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=12386542 |doi=ENC-10-2002-28-5-0013-7006-101019-ART4|accessdate=2009-05-29|language=French|doi_brokendate=2009-10-24|last2=Elomari|first2=F|last3=Spadone|first3=C|last4=Lépine|first4=JP}}</ref> Kati ya mwaka wa 1996 na 2004 katika [[British Kolumbia|British Columbia]], matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko yaliongezeka kutoka 3.4% hadi 7.2% ya wananchi. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Raymond|first=CB|year=2007|month=Januari|title=Antidepressant utilization in British Columbia from 1996 to 2004: increasing prevalence but not incidence|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-services_2007-01_58_1/page/79|journal=Psychiatric Services|volume=58|issue=1|pages=79–84|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|pmid=17215416|doi=10.1176/appi.ps.58.1.79|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Morgan|first2=SG|last3=Caetano|first3=PA}}</ref> Takwimu ya mwaka wa 1992 hadi 2001 kutoka [[Uholanzi]] ulionyesha ongezeko la kiwango cha maagizo ya SSRIs, na kuongezeka kwa muda wa matibabu. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Meijer W, Heerdink E, Leufkens H, Herings R, Egberts A, Nolen W |title=Incidence and determinants of long-term use of antidepressants |journal=Eur J Clin Pharmacol |volume=60 |issue=1 |pages=57–61 |year=2004 |pmid=14985889 |doi=10.1007/s00228-004-0726-3}}</ref> Utafiti unaonyesha kwamba matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko, hasa ya SSRIs, yameongezeka kwa haraka katika nchi nyingi zilizoendelea. Jambo hili linaendeshwa na kuongezeka kwa ufahamu kuhusu mfadhaiko pamoja na matangazo ya kibiashara kuhusu dawa mpya za dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal |author=McManus P, Mant A, Mitchell PB, Montgomery WS, Marley J, Auland ME |title=Recent trends in the use of antidepressant drugs in Australia, 1990-1998 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_medical-journal-of-australia_2000-11-06_173_9/page/n10 |journal=Med. J. Aust. |volume=173 |issue=9 |pages=458–61 |year=2000 |month=Novemba |pmid=11149300 }}</ref> Dawamfadhaiko pia zinazidi kutumiwa duniani kote kwa kutibu wagonjwa wasio na mfadhaiko na utafiti unaendelea kuonyesha uwezo wa sifa za dawamfadhaiko wa kubadili hali ya kinga mwilini, kutuliza maumivu, na kuzuia uvimbe. Uchaguzi wa aina fulai ya dawamfadhaiko unaripotiwa kufanyika kwa misingi isiyokuwa na ushahidi wa utafiti wa tofauti katika utendakazi, ili kuepuka athari fulani na kuzingatia magonjwa ambatani ya akili (yanayojitokeza kwa wakati mmoja), dalili maalumu ya ugonjwa na historia kabla ya matibabu. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Zimmerman|first=M|year=2004|month=Julai|title=Which factors influence psychiatrists' selection of antidepressants?|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry|volume=161|issue=7|pages=1285–9|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|pmid=15229063|url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/161/7/1285|accessdate=2009-05-29|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1285|last2=Posternak|first2=M|last3=Friedman|first3=M|last4=Attiullah|first4=N|last5=Baymiller|first5=S|last6=Boland|first6=R|last7=Berlowitz|first7=S|last8=Rahman|first8=S|last9=Uy|first9=K|archive-date=2008-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926121035/http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/161/7/1285|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia imeripotiwa kwamba, licha ya ushahidi babaishi unaoonyesha tofauti kubwa ya utendakazi kati ya dawamfadhaiko za awali na zile za karibuni zaidi, matabibu wanaona kuwa madawa mapya zaidi, ikiwa ni pamoja na SSRIs na SNRIs, yana ufanisi zaidi kuliko dawa za awali (dawa dhidi ya dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki na MAOIs). <ref>{{cite journal|last=Petersen|first=T|year=2002|month=Januari|title=A survey of prescribing practices in the treatment of depression|journal=Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry|volume=26|issue=1|pages=177–87|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=11853110|doi=10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00250-0 |accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Dording|first2=C|last3=Neault|first3=NB|last4=Kornbluh|first4=R|last5=Alpert|first5=JE|last6=Nierenberg|first6=AA|last7=Rosenbaum|first7=JF|last8=Fava|first8=M}}</ref> Utafiti nchini Uingereza ulionyesha kwamba madaktari wa kiume walikuwa na uwezekano mkubwa zaidi wa kuagiza dawamfadhaiko kuliko madaktari wa kike. <ref>{{cite news|title=Male GPs depression pills 'bias' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4704053.stm|date=21 Julai 2005|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=2009-05-29}}</ref> Idadi ya dawamfadhaiko iliyoagizwa na NHS nchini Uingereza iliongezeka karibu mara dufu katika kipindi cha mwongo mmoja, kulingana na ripoti ya serikali katika mwaka wa 2010. Aidha idadi iliongezeka sana katika mwaka wa 2009 wakati maagizo milioni 39.1 yalitolewa ikilinganishwa na milioni 20.1 mwaka wa 1999. Pia, madaktari walitoa maagizo ya dawa milioni 3.18 zaidi mwaka wa 2009 kuliko mwaka wa 2008. Wizara za afya ziliamimi kuwa ongezeko hili kwa kiwango fulani lilitokana na kuzorota kwa uchumi. Hata hivyo, sababu nyingine ni pamoja na kuboreshwa kwa mchakato wa utambuzi wa magonjwa, na kupunguka kwa unyanyapaa kwa magonjwa ya akili, na dhiki zaidi iliyosababishwa na kuzorota kwa uchumi. Aidha, wasiwasi wa madaktari ni kuwa baadhi ya watu wanaoonyesha dalili kidogo zaidi za mfadhaiko wanaagiziwa dawa zisizohitajika kutokana na ukosefu wa chaguo zingine ikiwa ni pamoja na tiba kwa njia ya kuzungumza, kupata ushauri na tabia ya utambuzi wa tabia. Kipengele kimoja kingine ambacho huenda kinaongeza matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko ni kwamba dawa hizi sasa zinatumiwa kutibu magonjwa mengine ikiwa ni pamoja na wasiwasi wa kijamii na dhiki baada ya kiwewe. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2010/jun/11/antidepressant-prescriptions-rise-nhs-recession| title=Antidepressant Use Rises as Recession Feeds Wave of Worry|date=2010-06-11|accessdate= 2010-07-01 | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Rowenna | last=Davis}}</ref> Matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko nchini Marekani yameongezeka mara dufu katika mwongo mmoja, kutoka mwaka wa 1996 hadi 2005. Dawamfadhaiko ziliagizwa kwa watu milioni 13 katika mwaka wa 1996 na kwa watu milioni 27 kufikia mwaka wa 2005. Katika mwaka wa 2008, zaidi ya maagizo milioni 164 yaliandikwa. Katika kipindi hiki, kulikuwa na uwezekano wa chini zaidi kwa wagonjwa kupitia matibabu ya kisaikolojia. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5725E720090804| title=Antidepressant Use Doubles in U.S., Study Finds|date=2009-08-04|accessdate= 2010-07-01 | work=Reuters}}</ref> === Dawamfadhaiko zilizoagizwa zaidi === [[Picha:Escitalopram2DACS.svg|thumb|right|Fomula ya muundo wa eskitalopramu ya SSRI, katika hali yake ya msingi ya bure.]] Dawamfadhaiko zilizoagizwa zaidi katika soko la Marekani katika mwaka wa 2007 <ref>Idadi ya maagizo ilikadiriwa kama jumla ya maagizo kwa madawa yanayolingana ya mwigo na asilia kwa kutumia data kutoka kwa chati kwa majina ya madawa ya mwigo na asilidawa brand-generiska. {{cite web | title = Top 200 generic drugs by units in 2007. | work = Drug Topics, 18 Februari 2008 | url = http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Top200Drugs/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491194 | accessdate = 2008-10-23 | archivedate = 2009-07-18 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090718184023/http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Top200Drugs/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491194 }} {{cite web | title = Top 200 brand drugs by units in 2007. | work = Drug Topics, 18 Februari 2008 | url = http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/PharmacyFactsAndFigures/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491210 | accessdate = 2008-10-23 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090629042030/http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/PharmacyFactsAndFigures/ArticleStandard/article/detail/491210 | archivedate = 2009-06-29 | url-status = dead }}</ref> zilikuwa: {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" |- ! Dawa ! Chapa ya dawa ! Kategoria ! Maagizo ya mwaka wa 2007 (kwa milioni) |- | Satralini | Zoloft | SSRI | 29.652 |- | Eskitalopramu | Lexapro | SSRI | 27.023 |- | Fluksetini | Prozac | SSRI | 22.266 |- | Bupropioni | Wellbutrin | NDRI | 20.184 |- | Paroksetini | Paxili | SSRI | 18.141 |- | Venlafaksini | Effexor | SNRI | 17.200 |- | Sitalopramu | Celexa | SSRI | 16.246 |- | Trazodoni | Desyrel | SARI | 15.473 |- | Amitriptailini | Elavil | TCA | 13.462 |- | Duloksetini | Cymbalta | SNRI | 12.551 |- | Mitazapini | Remeron | TCA | 5.129 |- | Nortriptailini | Pamelor | TCA | 3.105 |- | Imipramini | Tofranil | TCA | 1.524 |} Dawamfadhaiko zilizoagizwa zaidi nchini Ujerumani zinaripotiwa kuwa ni (minyopoo kolezi ya) hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort). <ref>{{cite book|last=Tyler|first=VE|editor=Janick J|title=Perspectives on New Crops and New Uses|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1999/|accessdate=2009-05-29|year=1999|publisher=ASHS Press|isbn=978-0-9615027-0-6|pages=528|chapter=Herbs Affecting the Central Nervous System|chapterurl=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1999/v4-442.html}}</ref> Nchini Uholanzi, paroksetini, inayouzwa kama Seroxat kati ya dawa zisizo asilia, ndiyo dawamfadhaiko inayoagizwa zaidi, ikifuatiwa na dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki inayoitwa amitriptailini, Sitalopramu na venlafaksini. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB |title=GIPdatabank |publisher=Gipdatabank.nl |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206123718/http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB |archivedate=2008-12-06 |https://web.archive.org/web/20081206123718/http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB |=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206123718/http://www.gipdatabank.nl/index.asp?scherm=tabellenFrameSet&infoType=g&tabel=01-basis&item=N06AB }}</ref> === Utaratibu wa utendakazi === Athari za matibabu za dawamfadhaiko zinaaminika kuwa zinasababishwa na madhara kwa nyurotransmita na upitishaji wa msukumo. Nadharia tete ya Monoamini ni nadharia ya bayolojia inayosema kuwa mfadhaiko unasababishwa na kiwango cha chini cha utendaji wa monoamini katika ubongo, kama vile dopamini, serotonini, na norepinefrini. Katika miaka ya 1950, vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs) na madawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic ziligunduliwa kimakosa kuwa na ufanisi katika matibabu ya mfadhaiko. Matokeo haya na ushahidi mwingine egemezi yalimfanya Joseph Schildkraut achapishe makala yake yanayoitwa "The Catecholamine Hypothesis of Affective Disorders" katika mwaka wa 1965. Schildkraut alihusisha viwango vya chini ya nyurotransmita na mfadhaiko. Utafiti kuhusu magonjwa mengine ya akili kama vile skizofrenia pia yalitambua kuwa kiwango cha chini cha shughuli za kifisiolojia za baadhi ya nyurotransmita zilihusishwa na matatizo hayo. Nadharia tete hii imelengwa sana katika utafiti wa ngazi za pathofisiolojia na kutibu magonjwa kwa utumia dawa kwa zaidi ya miaka 25. Vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs) huzuia uvunjaji wa nyurotransmita za monoamini serotonini, norepinefrini, na dopamini kwa kuzuia [[kimeng'enya]] oksidesi ya monoamini, na hivyo kusababisha kuongezeka kwa ukolezi wa nyurotransmita hizi katika ubongo na kuongezeka kwa upitishaji wa msukumo. Dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki (TCAs) huzuia ufyonyaji upya wa nyurotransmita mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na serotonini norepinefrini, na kwa kiwango kidogo zaidi dopamini. Siku hizi dawamfadhaiko zinazotumiwa zaidi ni kizuizi cha uchukuzi wa serotonini kinachochagua (SSRIs), ambazo huzuia ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini (na hivyo kuongeza kiwango cha serotonini inayofanya kazi katika sinepsi ya ubongo). Dawamfadhaiko zingine zinaathiri ufyonyaji upya wa norepinefrini, au vipokezi vingine kwenye seli ya neva. Wakati MAOIs, TCAs na SSRIs zinaongeza viwango vya serotonini, zingine huzuia serotonini kushikana na vipokezi vya 5-HT _2A, na hivyo kupendekeza kuwa ni fikra sahili sana kusema kuwa serotonini ni homoni ya furaha. Kwa kweli, wakati dawamfadhaiko za awali hukusanyika kwenye mfumo wa damu na kiwango cha serotonini ikaongezeka, ni kawaida kwa mgonjwa kuhisi ni kama anazidiwa katika wiki za kwanza za matibabu. Mojawapo ya maelezo ya jambo hili ni kuwa vipokezi vya 5-HT_2A viligeuka kama ishara ya uloweshwaji (watu wanaotumia vipinzani vya 5-HT_2A mara nyingi huongeza uzito), na hivyo kumwambia mnyama aache kutafuta chakula, mwenzi, n.k., na aanze kutafuta wanyama wanaowawinda wanyama wengine. Katika hali ya hatari ni jambo la manufaa kwa mnyama kutohisi njaa hata kama anahitaji chakula. Mchangamsho wa vipokezi vya 5-HT_2A utawezesha jambo hili kufanyika. Lakini ikiwa ni tishio la kudumu, mnyama anahitaji kuanza kula na kujamiiana tena - na ukweli kuwa aliponea kifo inaonyesha kuwa tishio halikuwa la kiwango cha hatari kama mnyama huyo alihisi. Kwa hivyo idadi ya vipokezi vya 5-HT_2A hupungua kupitia mchakato unaojulikana kama urekebishaji kwa njia ya kupunguza na mnyama anarudia tabia yake ya kawaida. Hii inaashiria kwamba kuna njia mbili za kukabiliana na wasiwasi kwa binadamu na serotonergic: dawa za kuzuia kusisimua wa-HT _2A receptors 5 au kwa kuwasisimua kupita kiasi mpaka upungufu kupitia kuvumiliana. Kusisimua au kuzuia wa vipokezi tofauti juu ya kiini na huathiri maumbile usemi wake. Matokeo ya karibuni yameonyesha kuwa nyurojenesi, na hivyo, mabadiliko katika mofojenesi ya ubongo, hupatanisha athari za madawa ya dawamfadhaiko. <ref name="pmid16425236">{{cite journal |author=Warner-Schmidt JL, Duman RS |title=Hippocampal neurogenesis: opposing effects of stress and antidepressant treatment |journal=Hippocampus |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=239–49 |year=2006 |pmid=16425236 |doi=10.1002/hipo.20156 |url=}}</ref> Nadharia tete nyingine ni kuwa huenda dawamfadhaiko zikawa na athari za muda mrefu kutokana na ukuzaji wa nyurojenesi katika hipokampasi, athari ambayo inapatikana kwa panya. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Malberg|first=JE|date=15 Desemba 200|title=Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus|journal=Journal of Neuroscience|volume=20|issue=24|pages=9104–10|publisher=Society for Neuroscience|pmid=11124987|url=http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/full/20/24/9104|accessdate=2009-05-29|author2=E|author3=N|author4=D}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Manev|first=H|year=2001|month=Mei|title=Antidepressants alter cell proliferation in the adult brain in vivo and in neural cultures in vitro|journal=European Journal of Pharmacology|volume=411|issue=1-2|pages=67–70|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=11137860|doi=10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00904-3|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Uz|first2=T|last3=Smalheiser|first3=NR|last4=Manev|first4=R}}</ref> Utafiti wa wanyama wengine unaonyesha kuwa dawamfadhaiko zinaweza kuathiri ukamuaji wa jeni katika seli za ubongo, kwa kuathiri "jeni inayofinyanza protini zinazodhibiti mzunguko wa utendakazi wa mambo mbalimbali mwilini".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Uz|first=T|year=2005|title=Effect of fluoxetine and cocaine on the expression of clock genes in the mouse hippocampus and striatum|journal=Neuroscience|volume=134|issue=4|pages=1309–16|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=15994025|doi=10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.003|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Ahmed|first2=R|last3=Akhisaroglu|first3=M|last4=Kurtuncu|first4=M|last5=Imbesi|first5=M|last6=Dirim Arslan|first6=A|last7=Manev|first7=H}}</ref> Utafiti mwingine unaonyesha kuwa kucheleweshwa kwa mwanzo wa athari zinazotokana na dawamfadhaiko kunaonyesha kuwepo kwa uwezo wa kubadilika kwa athari za dawamfadhaiko. Utafiti wa wanyama wagugunaji kila mara umeonyesha kuongezeka kwa kasi ya mfumo ya 3, 5-adenosini ya fosfeti moja wenye mzunguko (cAMP), ikisababishwa na aina tofauti za matibabu sugu lakini yasiyo kali ya dawamfadhaiko, ikiwa ni pamoja na serotonini na vizuizi vya ufyonyaji wa norepinefrini,vizuia oksidesi vya monoamini, dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic, lithiamu na matibabu ya mtukutiko meme. cAMP inasanisiwa kutoka kwa trifosfati 5-ya adenosini (ATP) na saiklesi ya adenilili na kufanyiwa umetaboli na mizunguko ya vivunja viungo vya fosfodi nyukleotidi (PDEs). <ref>{{cite journal|last=Zang|first=HT|date=12 Julai 2005|title=Interaction between the antidepressant-like behavioral effects of beta adrenergic agonists and the cyclic AMP PDE inhibitor rolipram in rats |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychopharmacology_2005-10_182_1/page/104|journal=Psychopharmacology|volume=182|issue=1|pages=104–115|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|doi=10.1007/s00213-005-0055-y|pmid=16010541|accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Huang|first2=Y|last3=Mishler|first3=K|last4=Roerig|first4=SC|last5=O'Donnell|first5=JM}}</ref> Takwimu pia zinaonyesha kwamba dawamfadhaiko zinaweza kurekebisha kunyumbuka kwa mfumo wa neva yakitumiwa kwa muda mrefu. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Carboni|first=L|year=2006|month=Oktoba|title=Proteomic analysis of rat hippocampus and frontal cortex after chronic treatment with fluoxetine or putative novel antidepressants: CRF1 and NK1 receptor antagonists|journal=European Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=7|pages=521–537|publisher=Elsevier|doi=10.1016/j.euroneuro.2006.01.007|pmid=16517129|accessdate=2009-05-28|last2=Vighini|first2=M|last3=Piubelli|first3=C|last4=Castelletti|first4=L|last5=Milli|first5=A|last6=Domenici|first6=E}}</ref> Nadharia moja kuhusu chanzo cha mfadhaiko ni kwamba ina sifa ya utendaji wa kupita kiasi wa jira ya adrena ya hypothalamiki-tezi (jira ya HPA ) ambayo inafanana na mwitikio wa mfumo wa neva na mwili kwa dhiki. Hali hii ya jira za HPA zisizo za kawaida hushiriki katika kuendeleza ya dalili za mfadhaiko na dawamfadhaiko humtumika kudhibiti utendakazi wa jira ya HPA. <ref>Carmine M. Pariante kazi, Taasisi ya Taaluma ya tiba ya Psychiatry Mfalme wa Chuo cha London [http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/31/11/ unyogovu, stress och Adrenal axis ya.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/31/11/ |date=20080706035853 }} Jamii ya Uingereza ya Niuroendokrinolojia, 2003.</ref> === Ulinganishaji === Dawamfadhaiko kadhaa zimelinganishwa hapa chini: <ref name="pmid9537821">{{cite journal | author = Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E. | title = Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. | journal = Eur J Pharmacol. | volume = 340 | issue = 2-3 | pages = 249–258 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9537821 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01393-9 }}</ref> <ref name="pmid9400006">{{cite journal | author = Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB. | title = Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. | journal = J Pharmacol Exp Ther. | volume = 283 | issue = 3 | pages = 1305–1322 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9400006 }}</ref> <ref name="pmid7855217">{{cite journal | author = Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E. | title = Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_psychopharmacology_1994-05_114_4/page/559 | journal = Psychopharmacology (Berl). | volume = 114 | issue = 4 | pages = 559–565 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7855217 | doi = 10.1007/BF02244985 }}</ref> <ref name="bookEssentials of clinical psychopharmacology">{{cite book | author = Alan F. Schatzberg, Charles B. | title = Essentials of clinical psychopharmacology | publisher = American Psychiatric Pub | year = 2006 | page = 7 | isbn = 1585622435, 9781585622436 }}</ref> <!-- table seems broken {| kategoria="sortable wikitable" | ''' Mchanganyiko ''' || '''[[Kisafirisha-Serotonini|SERT]]''' || '''[[Kisafirisha-Norepinefrini|NET]]''' || '''[[Kisafirisha-Dopamini|DAT]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha Histamine H1|H₁]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha asetilikolini ya Muskarini|M_1-5]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha andrenaji Alfa-1|α₁]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha andrenaji Alpha-2|α₂]]''' || '''[[5-HT1A|5-HT_1A]]''' || '''[[5-HT2|5-HT₂]]''' || '''[[Kipokezi cha D2|D₂]]''' |- | [[Agomelatini]] || ? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | | 270 | |? | - | [[Amitriptailini]] | | 4.3 | | 35 | | 3250 | | 0.95 | | 9.6 | | 24 | | 690 | | 450 | | 18 | | 1460 | - | [[Amoksapini]] | | 58 | | 16 | | 4310 | | 25 | | 1000 | | 50 | | 2600 | |? | |? | |? | - | [[Atomoksetini]] | | 8.9 | | 2.03 | | 1080 | | 5500 | | 2060 | | 3800 | | 8800 | | 10900 | | 940 | | 35,000 + | - | [[Bupropioni]] | | 45026 | | 1389 | | 2784 | | 11800 | | 35,000 + | | 4200 | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | - | Buspironi | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | | 138 | |? | | 5.7 | | 174 | | 362 | - | Butriptailini | | 1360 | | 5100 | | 3940 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Sitalopramu | | 1.16 | | 4070 | | 28100 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Klomipramini | | 0.28 | | 38 | | 2190 | | 31 | | 37 | | 38 | | 3200 | |? | |? | |? | - | Desipramini | | 17.6 | | 0.83 | | 3190 | | 60 | | 66 | | 100 | | 5500 | | 6400 | | 350 | | 3500 | - | Dosulepini | | 8.6 | | 46 | | 5310 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Doksepini | | 68 | | 29.5 | | 12100 | | 0.17 | | 23 | | 23.5 | | 1270 | | 276 | | 27 | | 360 | - | Duloksetini | | 0.8 | | 7.5 | | 240 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Etoperidoni | | 890 | | 20000 | | 52000 | | 3100 | | 35,000 + | | 38 | | 570 | | 85 | | 36 | | 2300 | - | Femoksetini | | 11 | | | 760 | 2050 | | 4200 | | 184 | | 650 | | 1970 | | 2285 | | 130 | | 590 | - | Fluoksetini | | 0.81 | | 240 | | 3600 | | 5400 | | 590 | | 3800 | | 13900 | | 32400 | | 280 | | 12000 | - | Fluvoksamini | | 0.81 | | 240 | | 3600 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Imipramini | | 1.4 | | 37 | | 8500 | | 37 | | 46 | | 32 | | 3100 | | 5800 | | 150 | | 620 | - | Lofepramini | | 70 | | 5.4 | | 18000 | | 360 | | 67 | | 100 | | 2700 | | 4600 | | 200 | | 2000 | - | Maprotilini | | 5800 | | 11.1 | | 1000 | | 2 | | 570 | | 90 | | 9400 | |? | |? | |? | - | | Mazindoli | 100 | | 1.4 | | 11 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Mianserini | | 4000 | | 71 | | 9400 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Milnasiprani | | 123 | | 200 | | 10,000 + | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Mirtazapini | | 1500 + | | ~ 1250 | | 1500 + | | 1 ~ | | ~ 1000 | | 500 ~ | | 100 ~ | | 1500 + | | 10 ~ | | 1,500 + | - | Nefazodoni | | 200 | | 360 | | 360 | | 24000 | | 11000 | | 48 | | 640 | | 80 | | 26 | | 910 | - | Nisoksetini | | 383 | | 5.1 | | 477 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Nomifensini | | 1010 | | 15.6 | | 56 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Nortriptailini | | 18 | | 4.37 | | 1140 | | 6.3 | | 37 | | 55 | | 2030 | | 294 | | 41 | | 2570 | - | Oksaprotilini | | 3900 | | 4.9 | | 4340 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Paroksetini | | 0.13 | | 40 | | 490 | | 22000 | | 108 | | 4600 | | 17000 | | 35,000 + | | 19000 | | 32000 | - | Protriptailini | | 19.6 | | 1.41 | | 2100 | | 25 | | 25 | | 130 | | 6600 | |? | |? | |? | - | Reboksetini | | 720 | | 11 | | 10,000 + | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Satralini | | 0.29 | | 420 | | 25 | | 24000 | | 630 | | 380 | | 4100 | | 35,000 + | | 9900 | | 10700 | - | Trazodoni | | 160 | | 8500 | | 7400 | | 1100 | | 35,000 + | | 42 | | 320 | | 96 | | 25.0 | | 35,000 + | - | Trimipramini | | 149 | | 2450 | | 3780 | | 0.27 | | 58 | | 24 | | 680 | |? | |? | |? | - | Venlafaksini | | 82 | | 2480 | | 7647 | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | | 35,000 + | - | Viloksazini | | 17300 | | 155 | | 100,000 + | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | - | Zimelidini | | 152 | | 9400 | | 11700 | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? | |? |) --> Nambari zilizo hapo juu zimeandikwa kama nambari zisizobadilika za ulinganifu tenganishi. Unapaswa kukumbuka kuwa kidogo ni zaidi. SERT, NET, na DAT zinalingana na uwezo wa michanganyiko wa kuzuia ufyonyaji upya wa serotonini, norepinefrini, na dopamini, mtawalia. Hizo thamani zingine zinalingana na mvuto wao kwa vipokezi mbalimbali. === Kuzuia uvimbe na kuathiri kinga ya mwili === Utafiti wa karibuni unaonyesha kuwa michakato ya saikotini inayosababisha uvimbe hutendeka wakati wa mfadhaiko wa kimawazo, wazimu, na maradhi ya hisia mseto, na inawezekana kuwa dalili ya hali hizi hupunguzwa na athari za dawa ya dawamfadhaiko kwenye mfumo wa kinga. <ref>{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=SM|year=2006|month=Februari|title=Cytokine profiles in bipolar affective disorder: focus on acutely ill patients|journal=Journal of Affective Disorders|volume=90|issue=2-3|pages=263–7|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=16410025|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2005.11.015|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Scully|first2=P|last3=Scott|first3=LV|last4=Dinan|first4=TG}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Obuchowicz|first=E|year=2005|month=Sep-OCt|title=Antidepressants and cytokines--clinical and experimental studies|journal=Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr Pol|volume=39|issue=5|pages=921–36|pmid=16358592|oclc=11190611|language=Polish|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Marcinowska|first2=A|last3=Herman|first3=ZS}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Hong|first=C-J|year=2005|month=Novemba|title=Interleukin-6 Genetic Polymorphism and Chinese Major Depression|journal=Neuropsychobiology|volume=52|issue=4|pages=202–5|publisher=Karger AG|location=Basel|pmid=16244501|doi=10.1159/000089003|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Yu|first2=YW|last3=Chen|first3=TJ|last4=Tsai|first4=SJ}}</ref> <ref name="Elen">{{cite journal|last=Elenkov|first=IJ|year=2005|month=Septemba|title=Cytokine dysregulation, inflammation and well-being|journal=NeuroImmunoModulation|volume=12|issue=5|pages=225–69|publisher=Karger AG|location=Basel|pmid=16166805|doi=10.1159/000087104|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Iezzoni|first2=DG|last3=Daly|first3=A|last4=Harris|first4=AG|last5=Chrousos|first5=GP}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kubera|first=M|date=30 Aprili 2005|title=Effects of serotonin and serotonergic agonists and antagonists on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6|journal=Psychiatry Research|volume=134|issue=3|pages=251–8|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=15892984|doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2004.01.014|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Maes|first2=M|last3=Kenis|first3=G|last4=Kim|first4=YK|last5=Lasoń|first5=W}}</ref> Tafiti pia zimeonyesha kuwa utoaji wa kuselelea wa homoni za dhiki kutokana na ugonjwa, ikiwa ni pamoja na maambukizi ya viungo au dalili za kingamwilinafsi, unaweza kupunguza athari za nyurotransmita au vipokezi vingine katika ubongo kupitia njia zilizopatanishwa na seli zinazosababisha uvimbe, na hivyo kusababisha ya udibiti mbaya wa homoni za mfumo wa neva. <ref name="Elen" /> SSRIs, SNRIs na dawamfadhaiko{/3 aina ya {2}tricyclic zinazotenda kazi kwenye vipokezi vya serotonini, norepinefrini na dopamini vimetambuliwa kuwa dhahiri kuwa za kuathiri kinga ya mwili na kuzuia uvimbe dhidi ya michakato ya [[saitokini]], hasa kwa udhibiti wa [[Intaferoni ya gama]] (IFN-gamma) na [[Intaleukini-10]] (IL-10), pamoja na [[TNF-alfa]] na [[Intaleukini-6]] (IL-6). Imetambulika pia kuwa dawamfadhaiko huzuia kuongezeka kwa kasi ya mfumo wa TH1. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Diamond|first=M|year=2006|month=Oktoba|title=Antidepressants suppress production of the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma, independent of monoamine transporter blockade|journal=European Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=7|pages=481–90|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=16388933|doi=10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.11.011|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Kelly|first2=JP|last3=Connor|first3=TJ}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kubera|first=M|year=2001|month=Aprili|title=Anti-Inflammatory effects of antidepressants through suppression of the interferon-gamma/interleukin-10 production ratio|journal=Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology|volume=21|issue=2|pages=199–206|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|pmid=11270917|doi=10.1097/00004714-200104000-00012|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Lin|first2=AH|last3=Kenis|first3=G|last4=Bosmans|first4=E|last5=Van Bockstaele|first5=D|last6=Maes|first6=M}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Maes|first=M|year=2001|month=Januari|title=The immunoregulatory effects of antidepressants|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-psychopharmacology_2001-01_16_1/page/95|journal=Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental|volume=16|issue=1|pages=95–103|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|pmid=12404604|doi=10.1002/hup.191|accessdate=2009-05-29}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Maes|first=M|year=2005|month=Machi|title=The negative immunoregulatory effects of fluoxetine in relation to the cAMP-dependent PKA pathway|journal=International Immunopharmacology|volume=5|issue=3|pages=609–18|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=15683856|doi=10.1016/j.intimp.2004.11.008|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Kenis|first2=G|last3=Kubera|first3=M|last4=De Baets|first4=M|last5=Steinbusch|first5=H|last6=Bosmans|first6=E}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Brustolim D|first=D|year=2006|month=Juni|title=A new chapter opens in anti-inflammatory treatments: the antidepressant bupropion lowers production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma in mice|journal=International Immunopharmacology|volume=6|issue=6|pages=903–7|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=16644475|doi=10.1016/j.intimp.2005.12.007|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Ribeiro-Dos-Santos|first2=R|last3=Kast|first3=RE|last4=Altschuler|first4=EL|last5=Soares|first5=MB}}</ref> Dawamfadhaiko, hasa TCAs na SNRIs (mchanganyiko wa SSRIna NRI), pia zimeonyesha tabia za kutuliza maumivu. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Moulin|first=DE|year=2007|month=Spring|title=Pharmacological management of chronic neuropathic pain - consensus statement and guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society|journal=Pain Research & Management|volume=12|issue=1|pages=13–21|publisher=Pulsus Group|pmid=17372630|pmc=2670721|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Clark|first2=AJ|last3=Gilron|first3=I|last4=Ware|first4=MA|last5=Watson|first5=CP|last6=Sessle|first6=BJ|last7=Coderre|first7=T|last8=Morley-Forster|first8=PK|last9=Stinson|first9=J}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Jones|first=CK|year=2006|month=Desemba|title=Analgesic effects of serotonergic, noradrenergic or dual reuptake inhibitors in the carrageenan test in rats: Evidence for synergism between serotonergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibition|journal=Neuropharmacology|volume=51|issue=7-8|pages=1172–1180|publisher=Elsevier|pmid=17045620|doi=10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.005|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Eastwood|first2=BJ|last3=Need|first3=AB|last4=Shannon|first4=HE}}</ref> Tafiti hizi zinatoa kibali cha kuchunguza dawamfadhaiko kwa matumizi kwa magonjwa ya akili na yale yasiyo ya akili na kuwa huenda mkabala wa mwingiliano kati ya michakato ya kisaikolojia na mifumo ya neva na kinga utahitajika ili kufikia upeo wa kutibu magonjwa kwa dawa.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kulmatycki|first=KM|year=2006|month=Oktoba|title=Drug disease interactions: role of inflammatory mediators in depression and variability in antidepressant drug response|journal=Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences|volume=9|issue=3|pages=292–306|publisher=Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences|pmid=17207413|url=http://www.ualberta.ca/~csps/JPPS9_3/Kulmatycki/Kul_Jam.htm|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Jamali|first2=F}}</ref> Huenda dawamfadhaiko za baadaye zitaundwa ili kulenga hasa mfumo wa kinga iwe kwa kuzuia utendaji wa saikotini zinazosababisha uvimbe au kwa kuongeza uzalishaji wa saikotini zinazozuia uvimbe. <ref>{{cite journal|last=O'Brien|first=SM|year=2004|month=Agosti|title=Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-psychopharmacology_2004-08_19_6/page/397|journal=Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental|volume=19|issue=6|pages=397–403|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|pmid=15303243|doi=10.1002/hup.609|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Scott|first2=LV|last3=Dinan|first3=TG}}</ref> == Ufanifu wa matibabu == Utafiti mwingi umefanywa ili kutathmini uwezekano wa athari za matibabu za dawamfadhaiko, iwe ni kupitia uchunguzi wa utendakazi katika hali ya majaribio (ikiwa ni pamoja na utafiti wa kiafya bila utaratibu maalumu) au kupitia uchunguzi wa ufanisi katika "hali halisi." ''Mwitikio'' unaofaa kwa dawa mara nyingi hufafanuliwa kama kupunguzwa kwa angalau 50% ya dalili zilizoripotiwa na mgonjwa binafsi au zinazoonekana, huku ''sehemu ya majibu'' ikifafanuliwa kama kupunguza angalau 25% ya dalili hizo. Neno ''kupungua'' linarejelea uondoaji wa kweli lakini usio bayana wa dalili za dawamfadhaiko, lakini wenye hatari ya ''kurudi'' kwa dalili au ''kuugua tena'' na ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko. Kupunguka kabisa au ''kupona'' kunaashiria kurudi kabisa kwa hali ya "kawaida" ya saikolojia ikiandamana na utendakazi kamili. === Ukaguzi wa tafiti === Ukaguzi wa tafiti za kimatibabu za hivi karibuni ni pamoja na: * Kulinganisha uhusiano wa utendakazi wa kategoria mbalimbali za dawamfadhaiko<ref>{{cite journal |author=Anderson IM |title=Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors versus tricyclic antidepressants: a meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-affective-disorders_2000-04_58_1/page/19 |journal=J Affect Disord |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=19–36 |year=2000 |month=Aprili |pmid=10760555 |doi=10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00092-0 }}</ref> katika mazingira tofauti <ref>MacGillivray, S., Arroll, B., Hatcher, S., Ogston, S., Reid, I., Sullivan, F., Williams, B., Crombie, I. (2003) [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=154760 Utendakazi na uvumilivu wa vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini vinavyochagua ikilinganishwa na dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya tricyclic kwa mfadhaiko uliotibiwa katika unyogovu kutibiwa katika huduma: ukaguzi wa hatua kwa hatua na uchambuzi wa matokeo ya tafiti kadhaa] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130801115652/http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=154760 |date=2013-08-01 }} ''BMJ.'' 10 Mei 326 (7397): 1014.</ref> na kwa aina mbalimbali za mfadhaiko<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.4088/JCP.v62n0209 |author=Parker G, Roy K, Wilhelm K, Mitchell P |title=Assessing the comparative effectiveness of antidepressant therapies: a prospective clinical practice study |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2001-02_62_2/page/117 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=117–25 |year=2001 |month=Februari |pmid=11247097 |doi_brokendate=2010-08-28 }}</ref> * Utathmini wa dawamfadhaiko ikilinganishwa na "kipozaungo hai" <ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" /> * Utathmini wa aina mpya zaidi za ya kategoria ya MAOI <ref> Lotufo-Neto, F., Trivedi, M., &amp; Thase, M.E (1999) [http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v20/n3/full/1395258a.html Uchambuzi wa matokeo ya tafiti kadhaa kuhusu ddI yanaweza kupunguzwa Inhibitors Aina ya Oxidase Monoamine A Moclobemide na Brofaromine kwa ajili ya matibabu ya unyogovu] ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 20 226-247.10.1038</ref> * Uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio kadhaa ya St John's Wort<ref>{{cite journal |author=Linde K, Mulrow CD, Berner M, Egger M |title=St John's wort for depression |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=2 |pages=CD000448 |year=2005 |pmid=15846605 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000448.pub2 }}</ref> yaliyochaguliwa bila utaratibu maalumu * Ukaguzi wa matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko kwa kutibu mfadhaiko kwa watoto<ref> Jureidini JN, CJ Doecke, Mansfield PR, Haby MM, Menkes DB, AL Tonkin. (2004) [http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/328/7444/879?ijkey=4f893b9f91cb92fde9abb867c1dd21fb35b7b9d3&amp;keytype2=tf_ipsecsha Utendakazi na usalama wa dawamfadhaiko kwa watoto na vijana.] BMJ. 2004 10 Aprili, 328 (7444) :879-83.</ref> <ref>Lakhan SE, Hagger-Johnson G. [http://www.cpementalhealth.com/content/3/1/21 Matokeo ya maagizo ya vitatiza akili kwa vijana] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cpementalhealth.com/content/3/1/21 |date=20081017084221 }}. ''Mazoezi ya kimatibabu na Epidemolojia katika Uzima wa Akili'' 2007; 3 (21).</ref> *Ukaguzi wa majaribio yote kuhusu dawamfadhaiko yaliyowasilishwa kwa Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa nchini Marekani (FDA) kutoka mwaka wa 1987 hadi 2004 umeonyesha kuwa karibu nusu ya majaribio hayo yalishindwa kuonyesha faida yoyote ikilinganishwa na kipozaungo. Matokeo yote ya majaribio yaliyofanikiwa ila moja yalichapishwa katika majarida ya kisayansi, huku karibu majaribio yote yaliyofeli ama hayakuchapishwa au yalitolewa kwa njia ya kuwapotosha watu kama matokeo chanya (ikilinganishwa na tathmini ya FDA ya data hiyo). Jambo hili lilitokea kwa kuwa ingawa uchunguzi unahitajika kabla ya kupata idhini ya kimatibabu, uchunguzi unaoonyesha matokeo mengi si lazima yachapishwe au (kama yakichapishwa) yapewe kipaumbele sawa. Kwa hivyo, ingawa vitabu vya utafiti vilionyesha kwamba asilimia 94 ya majaribio yalikuwa na matokeo mazuri, katika data halisi iliyowasilishwa kwa Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa, ni asilimia 51 pekee iliyokuwa na matokeo mazuri. Upendeleo huu katika uchapishaji ulipandisha athari dhairi ya takwimu za kila dawamfadhaiko iliyochunguzwa kwa kati ya 11% na 69%. <ref name="Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R 2008 252–60" /> * Uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio kadhaa uliofanywa na watafiti kutoka Uingereza, Marekani na Kanada na kuchapishwa mwaka wa 2008 ulitafiti majaribio ya madawa yaliyodhaminiwa na kampuni za dawa ili kutambua dawamfadhaiko sita kuu za kizazi kipya zilizoagizwa zaidi na kuwasilishwa kwa idhini ya FDA kati ya mwaka wa 1987 na 1999. Matokeo, kulingana na uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio ya awali, yalionyesha kuwa tofauti katika utendakazi kati ya dawamfadhaiko na kipozaungo ulikuwa mdogo, lakini kuwa uliongezeka kutoka kiwango cha kutokuwa na tofauti hadi kiwango cha wastani cha mfadhaiko wa hadi tofauti ndogo kwa wagonjwa wenye mfadhaiko mkali. Tofauti hii ilifikia kigezo cha kawaida cha matibabu kwa wagonjwa waliokuwa upande wa juu wa kategoria ya walioathirika zaidi na mfadhaiko, kutokana na kupungua kwa utendakazi wa kipozaungo. <ref name="pmid18303940">{{cite journal |author=Kirsch I, Deacon BJ, Huedo-Medina TB, Scoboria A, Moore TJ, Johnson BT |title=Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: a meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration |journal=PLoS Med. |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=e45 |year=2008 |pmid=18303940 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050045 |pmc=2253608}}</ref> Utafiti ulienea katika vyombo vya habari katika baadhi ya nchi, lakini ulikosolewa na jamii ya wataalamu. <ref>[170] ^ K. Eisele, MD Je, dawamfadhaiko hufanya kazi? Ukaguzi wa mapitio. Tovuti ya Doctors Lounge. Inapatikana kwa: http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/articles/page/152 {{Wayback|url=http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/articles/page/152 |date=20100303180328 }}. Accessed 21 Septemba 2009.</ref> Eli Lilly na wenzake walijibu kwa kusisitiza kuwa utafiti haukuzingatia uchunguzi wa karibuni zaidi wa bidhaa yake, Prozac, na kuwa inajivunia tofauti iliyoletwa na Prozac kwa mamilioni ya watu. GlaxoSmithKline ilionya kuwa utafiti huu mmoja haupaswi kutumiwa kuwapa wasiwasi na kuwatisha wagonjwa. Wyeth alisema kuwa data hiyo ilitosha kwa FDA kuwapa idhini ya kutumia dawa hizo. <ref>Blue, L. (2008) [http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1717306,00.html Dawamfadhaiko hazisaidii pakubwa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1717306,00.html |date=20110211013701 }} Time magazine, Jumanne 26 Februari</ref> Wataalamu wawili maarufu wa magonjwa ya akili/ wataalamu wa dawa, wenye uhusiano wa kifedha na kitaalamu na makampuni ya dawa, walisema kuwa majaribio ya muda mfupi hayafai katika kutathmini ufanisi, na kuwa yale ambayo hayajachapishwa ni duni zaidi. Pia walisema kuwa waandishi wa uchambuzi wa matokeo ya majaribio walitumia misingi ya kisaikolojia badala ya ile ya upimaji wa dawa, na kuwa vyombo vya habari na "vipengele vya jumuia ya kisayansi na tiba havijishughulishi na maswala kuhusu dawamfadhaiko" na kuwa vyombo vya habari havifahamu uzito wa ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko na badala yake vinawashutumu wanaougua kwa njia yenye misingi ya mitazamo ya kidini ya enzi za kati. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Nutt DJ, Malizia AL |title=Why does the world have such a 'down' on antidepressants? |journal=J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=223–6 |year=2008 |month=Mei |pmid=18541622 |doi=10.1177/0269881108091877 }}</ref> *Makala katika The Washington Post ya tarehe 7 Mei 2002 yenye kichwa "Against Depression, a Sugar Pill Is Hard to Beat" yalisema kuwa "Uchambuzi mpya umetambua kuwa katika nyingi ya majaribio yaliofanywa na makampuni ya dawa katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, vidonge vya sukari vimeleta matokeo bora yaliyo sawa na -au wakati mwingine bora zaidi ya- dawamfadhaiko. Makampuni yamepaswa kufanya majaribio kadhaa ili yaweze kupata mbili ambazo zinaonyesha matokeo mazuri, jambo ambalo ni hitaji la msingi kwa kupata idhini ya Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa. Isitoshe, vidonge vya sukari, vipozaungo, kusababisha mabadiliko makubwa katika maeneo yaleyale ya ubongo yaliyoathirika na dawa, kulingana na utafiti iliochapishwa wiki iliyopita ... ya watengenezaji wa Prozac walipaswa kufanya majaribio matano ili kupata mawili chanya, na watengenezaji wa Paxil na Zoloft walipaswa hata kufanya majaribio mengi zaidi ... Leuchter alipolinganisha mabadiliko kwenye bongo za wagonjwa waliopewa vipozaungo, alishangaa kutambua kuwa wengi wao walikuwa na mabadiliko katika sehemu sawa za ubongo zinazodhaniwa kuwa hudhibiti vijisehemu muhimu vya hisia ... Baada ya jaribio hilo kuisha na wagonjwa waliopewa vipozaungo kufahamishwa, hali yao ilizorota mara kwa haraka. Imani ya watu kwa nguvu za dawamfadhaiko inaweza kueleza sababu za wagonjwa kufanya vizuri wakipewa vipozaungo... " <ref>[http://www.chelationtherapyonline.com/technical/p58.htm Dhidi ya Mfadhaiko, ni vigumu kushindana na kidonge cha sukari] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chelationtherapyonline.com/technical/p58.htm |date=20100925021110 }} , The Washington Post, 7 Mei 2002</ref> === Miongozo ya matibabu === Mwongozo wa mwaka wa 2000 wa Ushirikiano wa Marekani wa kuchunguza magonjwa ya akili wa kutibu wagonjwa wenye mfadhaiko mkuu<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 |title=Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder |publisher=Guidelines.gov |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028165751/http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 |archivedate=2008-10-28 |https://web.archive.org/web/20081028165751/http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028165751/http://www.guidelines.gov/summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2605&nbr=1831 }}</ref> unaonyesha kuwa ikipendelewa zaidi na mgonjwa, dawamfadhaiko inaweza kutolewa kama matibabu msingi ya awali kwa ugonjwa wa mfadhaiko mkuu wa kiwango cha chini; dawamfadhaiko inapaswa kutumika tu kwa viwango wastani hadi vikuu vya mfadhaiko isipokuwa kama matibabu ya mtukutiko meme yamepangwa; na mchanganyiko wa dawa za kuzuia magonjwa ya akili na dawamfadhaiko au ya ya mtukutiko meme zinafaa kutumika kwa kutibu mfadhaiko wa kichaa. Inasema kuwa utendakazi unaweza kulinganishwa kwa ujumla kati ya kategoria na ndani ya kategoria na kuwa uteuzi wa awali utategemea pakubwa msingi ya athari zinazotarajiwa kwa mgonjwa binafsi, mapendeleo ya mgonjwa, wingi na ubora wa data ya utafiti wa kiafya kuhusu dawa, na gharama yake. Miongozo ya mwaka wa 2004 wa Taasisi ya Taifa ya Ubora wa Matibabu nchini Uingereza (NICE) inaonyesha kuwa dawamfadhaiko hazipaswi kutumiwa kwa matibabu ya awali ya mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha chini, kwa kuwa uwiano kati ya hatari na manufaa ni wa chini; kwa ule wa mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha wastani hadi kali, dawa aina ya SSRI ina uwezekano mkuu zaidi wa kuvumiliwa kuliko ile ya tricyclic; na kuwa dawamfadhaiko za mfadhaiko mkuu zinafaa kujumuishwa na matibabu ya kisaikolojia kama vile Tiba ya Utambuzi wa Kitabia. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG23 |title=Depression |publisher=Nice.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> === Upungufu wa ufanifu na mikakati === Kati ya 30% na 50% ya watu waliotibiwa na dawamfadhaiko maalumu hawaonyeshi mwitikio kwa dawa. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Baghai TC, Möller HJ, Rupprecht R |title=Recent progress in pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options of major depression |journal=Curr. Pharm. Des. |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=503–15 |year=2006 |pmid=16472142 |doi=10.2174/138161206775474422 }}</ref> <ref name="SSRIswitch">{{cite journal |author=Ruhé HG, Huyser J, Swinkels JA, Schene AH |title=Switching antidepressants after a first selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in major depressive disorder: a systematic review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2006-12_67_12/page/1836 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=67 |issue=12 |pages=1836–55 |year=2006 |month=Desemba |pmid=17194261 |doi=10.4088/JCP.v67n1203 }}</ref> Hata pale ambapo kumekuwa na mwitikio mzuri, ni kawaida kupata kuwa mfadhaiko na utendakazi mbaya huendelea, na viwango vya kuugua tena ni vya juu kwa kati ya mara 3 hadi 6 zaidi katika matukio hayo. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Tranter R, O'Donovan C, Chandarana P, Kennedy S |title=Prevalence and outcome of partial remission in depression |journal=J Psychiatry Neurosci |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=241–7 |year=2002 |month=Julai |pmid=12174733 |pmc=161658 }}</ref> Aidha, dawamfadhaiko huelekea kupoteza utendakazi katika kipindi cha matibabu. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Byrne SE, Rothschild AJ |title=Loss of antidepressant efficacy during maintenance therapy: possible mechanisms and treatments |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_1998-06_59_6/page/279 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=59 |issue=6 |pages=279–88 |year=1998 |month=Juni |pmid=9671339 }}</ref> Idadi kubwa ya mikakati hutumika katika matibabu ili kujaribu kushinda vikomo na tofauti hizi. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Mischoulon D, Nierenberg AA, Kizilbash L, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M |title=Strategies for managing depression refractory to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment: a survey of clinicians |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_canadian-journal-of-psychiatry_2000-06_45_5/page/476 |journal=Can J Psychiatry |volume=45 |issue=5 |pages=476–81 |year=2000 |month=Juni |pmid=10900529 }}</ref> ==== Ubadilishaji wa kubahatisha ==== Mwongozo wa mwaka wa 2000 wa Ushirikiano wa Marekani wa kuchunguza magonjwa ya akili unashauri kuwa pale ambapo hakuna mwitikio baada ya kati ya wiki sita na nane ya matibabu kwa kutumia dawamfadhaiko maalumu, unafaa kubadili dawa na utumie dawamfadhaiko nyingine katika kategoria hiyo, kisha baadaye utumie dawamfadhaiko kutoka kategoria tofauti. Ukaguzi wa matokeo ya majaribio ya hivi karibuni ulitambua tofauti kubwa katika matokeo ya tafiti za awali; kwa wagonjwa waliokosa kutibiwa na dawamfadhaiko aina ya SSRI, kati ya 12% na 86% walionyesha mwitikio kwa dawa mpya, huku kati ya 5% na 39% wakisimamisha matibabu kutokana na athari mbaya. Mgonjwa ambaye tayari amejaribu aina kadhaa za dawamfadhaiko ana uwezekano mdogo zaidi wa kunufaika kutokana na jaribio jipya la dawamfadhaiko. <ref name="SSRIswitch"/> ==== Ukuzaji na uambatanishaji ==== Kuhusu mwitikio wa kiasi, miongozo ya Ushirikiano wa Marekani kuhusu magonjwa ya akili inashauri kuongeza aina mbalimbali za vikolezo vya dawa kwenye dawamfadhaiko. Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa wagonjwa wengi hushindwa kufikia kiwango cha kupunguza tibamfadhiko, na mikakati ya kuongeza inayotimika katika matibabu ni pamoja na matumizi ya [[Lithi|lithiamu]] na kuongezwa kwa homoni ya kikoromeo, lakini hakuna misingi bora ya ushahidi kwa mbinu hizi au kwa mikakati mipya zaidi kama vile kutumia antagonisti za dopamini, steroidi za ngono, NRI, vikolezo maalum vya glukokotikoidi, au vizuiakifafa <ref name="augment">{{cite journal |author=DeBattista C, Lembke A |title=Update on augmentation of antidepressant response in resistant depression |journal=Curr Psychiatry Rep |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=435–40 |year=2005 |month=Desemba |pmid=16318821 |doi=10.1007/s11920-005-0064-x }}</ref> Mkakati wa kuchanganya unahusisha kuongeza dawamfadhaiko moja au zaidi ya ziada, kwa kawaida kutoka kategoria tofauti ili kuleta athari mbalimbali kwenye mfumo wa neva. Ingawa hili linaweza kutumika katika matibabu, kuna ushahidi mdogo kuhusu uhusiano wa utendakazi au athari mbaya za mkakati huu. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Lam RW, Wan DD, Cohen NL, Kennedy SH |title=Combining antidepressants for treatment-resistant depression: a review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2002-08_63_8/page/685 |journal=J Clin Psychiatry |volume=63 |issue=8 |pages=685–93 |year=2002 |month=Agosti |pmid=12197448 }}</ref> ==== Matumizi ya muda mrefu ==== Athari za matibabu ya dawamfadhaiko kwa kawaida hayaendelei kufanya kazi mara tu madawa yanapokomeshwa, na hivyo kusababisha kiwango cha juu cha kuugua tena. Uchambuzi wa karibuni wa matokeo ya majaribio 31 ya dawamfadhaiko yaliyodhibitiwa na vipozaungo, hasa yanayohusu utafiti uliofanywa kwa kipindi cha mwaka mmoja, yalionyesha 18% ya wagonjwa walioitikia dawamfadhaiko waliugua tena wakiwa wangali wanyatumia, ikilinganishwa na 41% ambao tiba zao zilibadilishwa na kupewa vipozaungo. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Geddes JR, Carney SM, Davies C |title=Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders: a systematic review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_2003-02-22_361_9358/page/652 |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9358 |pages=653–61 |year=2003 |month=Februari |pmid=12606176 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12599-8 }}</ref> Miongozo ya Ushirikiano wa Marekani kuhusu magonjwa ya akili inashauri kuendelezwa kwa matibabu ya dawamfadhaiko kwa kati ya miezi nne hadi sita kufuatia kumalizika kwa dalili. Kwa wagonjwa wenye historia ya matukio ya mfadhaiko, Miongozo ya Shirika la Uingereza la taaluma ya athari za dawa za magonjwa ya akili ya mwaka wa 2000 ya kutibu magonjwa ya mfadhaiko kwa kutumia dawamfadhaiko yanashauri mgonjwa aendelee kutumia dawamfadhaiko kwa angalau miezi sita na kwa muda wa hadi miaka mitano au milele. Iwapo mtu ataugua tena au la baada ya kuacha kutumia dawamfadhaiko haionekani kuhusiana na muda wa matibabu ya awali, hata hivyo, na kupotezwa polepole kwa faida za matibabu pia hutokea wakati huo huo. Mkakati unaohusisha kutibu magonjwa kwa dawa kwa kutibu magonjwa makali, ukifuatiwa na matibabu ya kisaikolojia katika awamu ya mabaki, yamependekezwa na tafiti fulani. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Fava GA, Park SK, Sonino N |title=Treatment of recurrent depression |journal=Expert Rev Neurother |volume=6 |issue=11 |pages=1735–40 |year=2006 |month=Novemba |pmid=17144786 |doi=10.1586/14737175.6.11.1735 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Petersen TJ |title=Enhancing the efficacy of antidepressants with psychotherapy |journal=J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) |volume=20 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=19–28 |year=2006 |month=Mei |pmid=16644768 |doi=10.1177/1359786806064314 }}</ref> === Kutofaulu kwa matibabu === Takriban 30% ya wagonjwa hupungukiwa na mfadhaiko baada ya kutumia dawa. <ref name="pmid16390886">{{cite journal |author=Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR |title=Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D: implications for clinical practice |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2006-01_163_1/page/28 |journal=The American journal of psychiatry |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=28–40 |year=2006 |pmid=16390886 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.28}}</ref> Kwa wagonjwa wasio na mwitikio wa kutosha, ama kuendelea kuongeza bupropioni (awali {{nowrap|200 mg}} ichukuliwe {{nowrap|100 mg}} kila siku na baadaye kuongezwa hadi jumla ya {{nowrap|400 mg}} kwa siku) au buspironi (hadi {{nowrap|60 mg}} kwa siku) ya kuongezwa kama dawa ya pili inaweza kusababisha kupunguka kwa karibu 30% ya wagonjwa, <ref name="pmid16554526">{{cite journal |author=Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR |title=Medication augmentation after the failure of SSRIs for depression |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2006-03-23_354_12/page/n55 |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=12 |pages=1243–52 |year=2006 |pmid=16554526 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa052964}}</ref> huku kubadilisha madawa kunaweza kupunguza mfadhaiko kwa karibu 25% ya wagonjwa. <ref name="pmid16554525">{{cite journal |author=Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR |title=Bupropion-SR, sertraline, or venlafaxine-XR after failure of SSRIs for depression |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2006-03-23_354_12/page/n43 |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=12 |pages=1231–42 |year=2006 |pmid=16554525 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa052963}}</ref> ==== Kwa sababu ya mimba ==== Hakuna uhakika ikiwa mimba huchangia kutofaulu kwa dawa, kwa kuwa ripoti ya pekee hadi sasa imekumbwa na utata mwingi: Katika mwaka wa 2006, utafiti maarufu sana uliochapishwa katika jarida la ''Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)'' ulipinga dhana kuwa mabadiliko ya homoni wakati wa ujauzito huwalindwa mama wajawazito dhidi ya mfadhaiko, na kutambua kuwa kutoendelea na matibabu dhidi ya mfadhaiko wakati wa ujauzito husababisha zaidi kuugua tena. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Cohen, MD | first =Lee S. | title = Relapse of Major Depression During Pregnancy in Women Who Maintain or Discontinue Antidepressant Treatment | journal = Journal of the American Medical Association | volume =295 | issue = 5 | pages = 499–507 | publisher = American Medical Association | date= 1 Februari 2006 | url = http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/295/5/499 | accessdate = 2007-06-14 | doi = 10.1001/jama.295.5.499 | pmid = 16449615 | last2 = Altshuler | first2 = LL | last3 = Harlow | first3 = BL | last4 = Nonacs | first4 = R | last5 = Newport | first5 = DJ | last6 = Viguera | first6 = AC | last7 = Suri | first7 = R | last8 = Burt | first8 = VK | last9 = Hendrick | first9 = V}}</ref> Makala ya ''JAMA'' hayakufichua kuwa baadhi ya waandishi walikuwa na uhusiano wa kifedha na makampuni ya dawa yanayotengezeza dawamfadhaiko. ''JAMA'' baadaye ilichapisha makala rekebishi ili kubainisha uhusiano huo <ref>{{cite journal | title = Relapse of Major Depression During Pregnancy in Women Who Maintain or Discontinue Antidepressant Treatment—Correction | journal = JAMA | volume = 296 | issue = 2 | page = 170 | date = 12 Julai 2006 | url = http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/jama;296/2/170 | accessdate = 2007-06-14 | doi = 10.1001/jama.296.2.170 | archive-date = 2007-09-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070929122051/http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/jama%3B296/2/170 | dead-url = yes }}</ref> na waandishi walisisitiza kuwa mahusiano hayo hayaathiri kwa vyovyote kazi yao ya utafiti. Daktari wa uzazi na afya ya mama na mtoto Adam Urato aliliambia jarida la ''Wall Street'' kuwa wagonjwa na wataalamu wa matibabu wanahitaji ushauri bila ushawishi wa viwanda. <ref>David Armstrong, "Mwingiliano wa Madawa: Mahusiano ya kifedha na Viwanda yanazingira utafiti mkuu kuhusu mfadhaiko kuhusu: Ikiwa ni salama kwa wanawake wajawazito kuendelea kutumia madawa - JAMA inawauliza Waandishi waeleze zaidi." Wall Street Journal. 11 Julai 2006 ( [http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06192/705022-114.stm nakala] {{Wayback|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06192/705022-114.stm |date=20111125085721 }} iliyochapishwa kwenye post gazette.com-)</ref> == Dalili za kuacha matumizi == Dawa ya SSRI ikimomeshwa ghafla, inaweza kusababisha dalili za kuacha za kimwili na za kisaikolojia, jambo linalojulikana kama "Dalili za kuacha za SSRI" (Tamam & Ozpoyraz, 2002). Wakati uamuzi wa kuacha kutumia dawamfadhaiko unapofanywa, ni jambo la kawaida "kujiachisha" kwa kupunguza kipimo polepole kwa muda wa wiki kadhaa. Kesi nyingi za dalili za kuachishwa huendelea kwa kati ya wiki mmoja na nne. Uteuzi wa dawamfadhaiko na kipimo kinachofaa kwa tukio fulani na mtu fulani ni mchakato mrefu na wenye utata, unaohitaji maarifa ya mtaalamu. Baadhi ya dawamfadhaiko yanaweza kutibua mfadhaiko katika siku za awali, yanaweza kusababisha wasiwasi, au wanaweza kumfanya mgonjwa awe na fujo, dhiki au ahisi sana kujiua. Katika matukio chache, dawamfadhaiko inaweza kusababisha kubadilika kutoka mfadhaiko hadi wazimu au haipomania. == Athari == Dawamfadhaiko mara nyingi husababisha athari mbaya, na ugumu wa kuvumilia athari hizi ndiyo sababu kuu ya kutoendelea na dawa yenye ufanisi mkuu. Athari za SSRIs ni pamoja na: kichefuchefu, kuendesha, fadhaa, kuumwa na kichwa. Athari kwa ngono pia ni kawaida kwa SSRI, kama vile kupotea kwa hamu ya kufanya mapenzi, kushindwa kufikia mshindo na shida ya kusimika. Dalili za ugonjwa wa serotonini pia ni hali inayoleta wasiwasi inayohusishwa na matumizi ya SSRI. Usimamizi wa Vyakula na Dawa unahitaji SSRI zote ziweke onyo la Pakiti Nyeusi (Black Box), inayosema kuwa zinaongeza mara dufu kiwango cha kujiua (kutoka 2 kati ya 1000 hadi 4 kati ya 1000) kwa watoto na vijana. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Lenzer | first = Jeanne | title = Antidepressants double suicidality in children, says FDA | journal = BMJ | volume = 332 | page = 626 | year = 2006 | url = http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/332/7542/626-c | doi = 10.1136/bmj.332.7542.626-c | accessdate = 2008-04-14}}</ref> Hatari iliyoongezeka kwa kutaka kujiua na tabia ya kujiua kati ya watu wazima chini ya umri wa miaka 25 ambayo yanaonekana kwa kuonekana kwa watoto na vijana. <ref> BMJ: [http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/339/aug11_2/b2880?maxtoshow=&amp;HITS=10&amp;hits=10&amp;RESULTFORMAT=&amp;fulltext=suicide&amp;searchid=1&amp;FIRSTINDEX=0&amp;sortspec=date&amp;resourcetype=HWCIT Hatari ya kujiua katika majaribio ya kliniki ya dawamfadhaiko kwa watu wazima] . 11 Agosti 2009.</ref> Madhara ya TCAs (dawamfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki): Athari zinazojitokeza sana ni pamoja na kinywa kikavu, kiwaa, kusinzia, kizunguzungu, kutetemeka, matatizo ya ngono, ugonjwa wa ngozi, na kupata uzito au hasara. Madhara ya MAOI (vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini): Athari zisizo za kawaida za MAOIs kama fenilzini (Nardil) na tranilsaipromini (Parnate) ni pamoja na homa ya manjano, mshtuko wa moyo, [[Kiharusi|kiharusi]], na kifafa. Ugonjwa wa serotonini ni athari ya MAOIs ukiwekwa pamoja na madawa fulani. === Kujiua === Wagonjwa wa mfadhaiko ndio wenye hatari kubwa zaidi ya [[Jiua|kujiua]] mara tu baada ya kuanza kwa matibabu, kwa kuwa dawamfadhaiko zinaweza kupunguza dalili za mfadhaiko kama vile kudumaa kwa mwendo kunakohusishwa na michakato ya akili au ukosefu wa motisha kabla ya halihisi ya moyo kuanza kuwa bora. Ingawa jambo hili linaonekana kuwa kweli kinzani, uchunguzi unaonyesha kuwa uundaji wa mawazo ya kujiua ni kawaida wakati wa kuanza matibabu kwa dawamfadhaiko, na huenda likawa jambo la kawaida kwa wagonjwa wenye umri mdogo zaidi kama vile watoto walio karibu kubalehe na vijana. Watengenezaji wa madawa na madaktari mara nyingi huwapendekeza familia na wapendwa kufuatilia tabia ya mgonjwa mdogo kwa ishara zozote za mawazo ya kujiua au tabia, hasa katika kipindi cha wiki nane za kwanza za matibabu. Kabla ya onyo za pakiti nyeusi kwa madawa haya kutolewa na FDA na mashirika yaliyo sawa katika mataifa mengine, athari na kuzionya familia kuhusu hatari zilipuuzwa na kuchukuliwa kwa urahisi sana na watengenezaji wa madawa na wauguzi. Huenda jambo hili lilisababisha vifo kadhaa kupitia kujiua ingawa ushahidi wa moja kwa moja unaohusiana na matukio hayo hauna misingi dhabiti ya kisheria. Kuongezeka kwa taarifa kuhusu mawazo ya kujiua katika tafiti kadhaa kumevuta nadhari na kuibua uangalifu zaidi kuhusu namna ambavyo dawa hizi zinavyotumika. Watu wenye umri ulio chini ya miaka 24 wanaougua kutokana na mfadhaiko wanatahadharishwa kuwa matumizi ya dawamfadhaiko huenda yakaongeza hatari ya fikira na tabia ya kujiua. Maafisa wa afya ya ushirikisho walifungua [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930023930/http://www.ecanadanow.com/science/health/2006/12/13/fda-antidepressants-increase-suicidal-risk-for -young-adults/proposed changes] kwenye maandiko juu ya madawa ya dawamfadhaiko mnamo Desemba 2006 ili kuwaonya watu kuhusu hatari hii. FDA inasema kuwa Paxil inafaa kuepukwa kwa watoto na vijana na kuwa katika matukio ya matibabu ambapo watoto wanaugua kutokana na mfadhaiko, dawamfadhaiko inayopaswa kutumika ni Prozac. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://antidepressantseffects.com/depression/|title=Depression Antidepressants in Teenagers and Children|date=|accessdate=2010-07-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520234355/http://antidepressantseffects.com/depression/|archivedate=2013-05-20}}</ref> Tarehe 6 Septemba 2007, na Vituo vya Kdhibiti na Kuzuia Magonjwa viliripoti kuwa kiwango cha kujiua kati ya vijana nchini Marekani, (hasa wasichana, wenye umri wa kati ya miaka 10-24), kiliongezeka kwa 8% (mwaka wa 2003 hadi 2004), ongezeko kubwa zaidi katika muda wa miaka 15, <ref name="NYTimes"> [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/07/health/07suicide.html Visa vya kujiua vinaongezeka kati ya Vijana; Mjadala kuhusu dawamfadhaiko unaendelea] , Carey Benedict, New York Times, 7 Septemba 2007</ref> hadi kesi 4599 za kuiua kwa Waamerika wenye umri wa miaka 10 hadi 24 mwaka wa 2004, kutoka 4,232 mwaka wa 2003, hivyo kuifanya kiwango cha kujiua kiwe 7.32 kwa kila watu 100,000 wenye umri huo. Awali kiwango hicho kilikuwa kimeshuka hadi 6.78 kwa kila watu 100,000 katika mwaka wa 2003 kutoka 9.48 kwa kila watu 100,000 katika mwaka wa 1990. Baadhi ya wataalamu wa magonjwa ya akili wametambua kuwa ongezeko hili linatokana na kushuka kwa idadi ya maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko kama vile Prozac kwa vijana tangu mwaka wa 2003, na visa vingi zaidi vya mfadhaiko vimebaki bila kutibiwa. Katika utafiti wa Desemba 2006, jarida la The American Journal of Psychiatry lilisema kuwa kupungua kwa maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko kwa watoto kwa pointi chache tu za asilimia kulilingana na ongezeko la asilimia 14 ya waliojiua nchini Marekani; nchini [[Uholanzi]], kiwango cha kujiua kilipanda kwa 50% baada ya kupunguzwa kwa maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Simon GE, Savarino J, Operskalski B, Wang PS |title=Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2006-01_163_1/page/41 |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=163 |issue=1 |pages=41–7 |year=2006 |pmid=16390887 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.41}}</ref> Wahakiki kadhaa wa utafiti huu wanasema kuwa takwimu za kujiua za mwaka wa 2004 nchini Marekani zililinganishwa kwa njia sahili sana na mwaka uliopita, badala ya kuchunguza mabadiliko katika mwenendo kwa miaka kadhaa". <ref name="pmid18056248">{{cite journal |author=Jureidini J |title=The black box warning: decreased prescriptions and increased youth suicide? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2007-12_164_12/page/1907 |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=164 |issue=12 |page=1907 |year=2007 |pmid=18056248 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07091463}}</ref> Shida ya jitihada kama hizo za kuamua mwelekeo kwa kutumia pointi mbili tu za data (miaka ya 2003 na 2004) zimedhihirishwa zaidi kutokana na ukweli kwamba, kwa mujibu wa data mpya ya uambukizaji na udhibiti wa magonjwa, kiwango cha kujiua katika mwaka wa 2005 kwa watoto na vijana kilipungua licha ya kuzidi kupungua kwa maagizo ya SSRI. "Ni hatari kufanya uamuzi kutokana na uchambuzi mdogo na finyu ya visa vichache vya mwaka hadi mwaka vya kupanda na kushuka kwa maagizo ya dawamfadhaiko na kujiua. Njia moja nzuri inayohusu uambukizaji na udhibiti wa magonjwa ni kuchunguza uhusiano kati ya mienendo katika matumizi ya dawa za akili na kujiua kwa muda katika maeneo mengi madogo ya kijiografia. Hadi pale ambapo matokeo ya kina ya uchambuzi yatakapofahamika, ni jambo la busara kuhairisha maoni kuhusu athari za onyo la FDA kwa afya ya umma". <ref name="pmid18056247">{{cite journal |author=Olfson M, Shaffer D |title=SSRI Prescriptions and the Rate of Suicide |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2007-12_164_12/page/1907 |journal=Am J Psychiatry |volume=164 |issue=12 |pages=1907–1908 |year=2007 |pmid=18056247 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07091467}}</ref> <ref name="titleN C H S - Health E Stats - Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2005">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/prelimdeaths05/prelimdeaths05.htm |title=N C H S - Health E Stats - Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2005 |accessdate=2007-12-12 |author=Kung HC, Hoyert DL, Xu J, Murphy SL |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |work= |publisher=National Center for Health Statistics |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}</ref> Chunguzi za kufuatilia zilizofanywa baadaye zimeunga mkono nadharia tete kuwa dawa za dawamfadhaiko hupunguza hatari ya kujiua. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Bridge JA, Iyengar S, Salary CB |title=Clinical response and risk for reported suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in pediatric antidepressant treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2007-04-18_297_15/page/n68 |journal=JAMA |volume=297 |issue=15 |pages=1683–96 |year=2007 |pmid=17440145 |doi=10.1001/jama.297.15.1683}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |author=Beasley CM, Ball SG, Nilsson ME |title=Fluoxetine and Adult Suicidality Revisited: An Updated Meta-Analysis Using Expanded Data Sources From Placebo-Controlled Trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychopharmacology_2007-12_27_6/page/682 |journal=J Clin Psychopharmacol |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=682–686 |year=2007 |pmid=18004137 |doi=10.1097/jcp.0b013e31815abf21 }}</ref> Hata hivyo, uamuzi kuwa kushuka kwa kiwango cha kujiua katika jamii kunatokana na dawa kuagizwa kwa dawamfadhaiko ni antidepressant haiwezi kuaminika kutokana na wingi wa vigeugeu vinavyofadhaisha. === Ngono === Matatizo ya ngono ni athari ya kawaida sana, hasa kwa dawa za SSRI. Athari zinazohusiana na ngono ni pamoja na matatizo na hamu ya ngono, kutovutiwa na ngono, na anogasmia (shida kupata mshindo). <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/question/antidepressants-and-anorgasmia |title=UCSB's SexInfo |publisher=Soc.ucsb.edu |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archivedate=2009-05-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520055421/http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/question/antidepressants-and-anorgasmia }}</ref> Ingawa zinaweza kupona, athari hizi za ngono zinaweza, katika visa vichache, kuendelea kwa miezi au miaka baada ya kuacha kabisa kutumia dawa. Hii inajulikana kama Utendakazi mbaya wa Kimapenzi baada ya matumizi ya SSRI. Utendakazi mbaya wa ngono uliosababishwa na SSRI huathiri 30% hadi 50% au zaidi ya watu wanaotumia dawa hizi kutibu mfadhaiko. Utaratibu wa kibiokemia unaosemekana kuwa wa kusababisha ni pamoja na kuongezeka kwa serotonini, hasa kunakoathiri vipokezi vya 5HT2 na 5HT3; kupungua kwa dopamini; kupungua kwa norepinefrini; uzuaji wa vipokezi vya kolinjeri na adrenaji alpha-1; kuzuiliwa kwa sinthetesi ya oksidi nitriki; na kupanda kwa viwango vya prolaktini. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Keltner NL, McAfee KM, Taylor CL |title=Mechanisms and treatments of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_perspectives-in-psychiatric-care_july-september-2002_38_3/page/111 |journal=Perspectives in Psychiatric Care |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=111–6 |year=2002 |pmid=12385082 |doi=10.1111/j.1744-6163.2002.tb00665.x}}</ref> Bupropioni, kizuizi cha mara mbili (NE na DA) cha ufyonyaji upya, mara nyingi husababisha ongezeko la wastani la hamu ya kufanya mapenzi kutokana na kuongezeka kwa utendakazi wa dopamini. Athari hii pia hudhihirika kwa vizuizi vya ufyonyaji upya wa dopamini, vichangamsha CNS na agonisti za dopamini, na hutokana na kuongezeka kwa uzalishaji wa testosteroni (kutokana na kuzuiliwa kwa prolaktini) na usanisi wa oksidi nitriki. Mirtazapini (Remeron) imeripotiwa kuwa na athari chache zaidi, pengine kwa sababu inakinza vipokezi vya 5-HT2 na 5-HT3. Mitazapini, katika matukio fulani, inaweza kuondoa utendakazi mbaya wa ngono unaosababishwa na SSRI, ambayo pia kuna uwezekano kuwa unatokana na ukinzani wake na vipokezi vya 5-HT2 na 5-HT3<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ozmenler NK, Karlidere T, Bozkurt A |title=Mirtazapine augmentation in depressed patients with sexual dysfunction due to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-psychopharmacology_2008-06_23_4/page/321 |journal=Human Psychopharmacology |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=321–6 |year=2008 |month=Juni |pmid=18278806 |doi=10.1002/hup.929}}</ref> Apomofini, nefazodoni na baruti kali zimeonyeshwa kuwa na uwezo wa kuondoa baadhi ya utendakazi mbaya wa ngono kupitia kuongezeka kwa utendakazi wa nitriki oksidi. MAOI zinaripotiwa kuwa na athari hasi chache zaidi kwa utendakazi wa ngono na hamu ya kufanya mapenzi, hasa moklobemidi kwa kiwango cha 1.9% ya matukio yote. Bethanekoli imeripotiwa kubadili utendakazi mbaya wa ngono unaosababishwa na MAOI kupitia sifa zake za agonisti za kolineji. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Gross MD |title=Reversal by bethanechol of sexual dysfunction caused by anticholinergic antidepressants |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=139 |issue=9 |pages=1193–4 |year=1982 |month=Septemba |pmid=7114318 |doi= |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7114318}}</ref> === Mapenzi === Wanasaikolojia wengi wanaamini kuwamba dawamfadhaiko zinaathiri uwezo wa kupenda au kupokea upendo. Watumiaji wengi wa dawamfadhaiko pia wameripoti kuwa uwezo wao wa kupenda ulipunguzwa na dawamfadhaiko. Madawa ya dawamfadhaiko pia yanaweza kuzuia hisia za kimsingi za binadamu za upendo na mahaba. "Kuna sababu zinazofaa za kufikiri kuwa SSRI hupunguza uwezo wako wa kupenda na kubaki katika upendo," alisema Helen Fisher, mwanaanthropolojia kutoka chuo kikuu cha Rutgers aliyeanzisha sayansi ya kisasa ya upendo. Dawamfadhaiko za SSRI hufanya kazi kwa kuongeza viwango vya mzunguko wa serotonini, nyurotransmita inayodhibiti halihisi ya moyo na pia inadhibiti tamaa. Madawa hayo pia hupunguza dopamini, nyurotransmita inayohusika katika michakato mbalimbali ya utambuzi na tabia, ikiwa ni pamoja na hamu na mwamsho. Utafiti mpya unaonyesha kuwa dopamini huenda pia ikawa na jukumu katika mahaba. Wakati wa kufanya mapenzi, mchanganyiko wa homoni hutolewa na unaonekana kuwa na majukumu muhimu katika kukuza uambatishaji wa kimapenzi ndani ya ubongo. Ukiondoa ngono, mapenzi ya kimahaba yanaweza kufifia. Lakini hii ni sehemu tu ya tatizo, anasema Fisher na mtaalamu wa saikolojia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Virginia James Thomson. Wakati wapenzi wanapopendana kwa dhati, kuonana tu kunasababisha kupanda kwa shughuli za ubongo zinazohusiana na dopamini. Wakiweza kuendelea kupendana, na hisia za awali ziweze kukua hadi ziwe mapenzi ya muda mrefu, kwa mvuto wa awali kukua hadi mapenzi ya muda mrefu, ruwaza za ubongo hubaki hai. Kupungua kwa viwango vya dopamini, hata hivyo, ni athari isiyoweza kuepukika ya SSRI. Ukipunguza dopamini, wanasema Fisher na Thomson, uwezekano wa upendo wenyewe ni utapunguka. <ref> {{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2009/02/antidepressants/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101116002813/http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2009/02/antidepressants/ |archivedate=2010-11-16 |accessdate=2010-10-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Watu wapweke wanaotumia dawamfadhaiko huenda wakaona ugumu zaidi kukutana na watu, kwa kuwa mwitikio wao wa asili wa ngono umepunguka. Baadhi ya watafiti wanaamini kuwa hamu ilitengenezwa ili kuwasaidia watu kuchagua wenzi wanaowafaa kijenetiki. Cheche zinazowaka unapokutana na mtu kwa mara ya kwanza zinakuambia kitu: Huenda huyu ndiye mwenzi wako. Wakati ishara hizo hazijitokezi, uwezekano wako wa kupata mwenzi anayefaa hupungua. <ref> http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/200704/sex-love-and-ssris</ref> Kuna tafiti kadhaa kuhusu athari za dawamfadhaiko kwa vipengele mbalimbali vya upendo zaidi ya ashiki na utendaji wa kingono. Lakini katika majaribio ya kuvutia, mwanasaikolojia mmoja wa Kanada, Maryanne Fisher (hana uhusiano na Helen), aliripoti ushahidi katika utafiti mdogo mwaka wa 2004 ya kile alichokiita "kukufisha ganzi uchumba" kwa wanawake wanaotumia dawamfadhaiko. Walipoulizwa wakague uvutivu wa nyuso za wanaume, wanawake wanaotumia madawa hayo walikagua wanaume hao vibaya zaidi, na walizipitia picha kwa haraka zaidi kuliko wanawake wasiotumia dawamfadhaiko. === Thaimoanesthesia === Wenye uhusiano wa karibu na madhara ya ngono ni dhana ya kukufisha hisia ganzi, au ganzi ya halihisi. Watumiaji wengi wa SSRI hulalamika kuhusu hali ya kutojali, ukosefu wa motisha, kuganda hisia, hisia ya kutengwa, na kutojihusisha na mazingira. Wanaweza kueleza jambo hili kama hisia ya "kutojali tena kuhusu kitu chochote." SSRI, SNRI, na TCA za kutoa serotonini zote zinaweza kusababisha tofauti hizi zinazobadilika, hasa vikiwa kwa viwango vya juu. <ref> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9184611</ref> === Kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi === Madawa yote makuu ya dawamfadhaiko, isipokuwa trimipramini, mirtazapini na nefazodoni huzuia kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi, na imependekezwa kuwa utendakazi wa kiafya wa madawa haya unatokana kwa kiasi kikubwa na athari zao za kuzuia kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi. Kategoria tatu kuu za madawa ya dawamfadhaiko, vizuizi vya oksidesi ya monoamini (MAOIs), dawa dhidi ya mfadhaiko aina ya trisaikliki (TCAs) na vizuizi vya uchukuzi wa serotonini vinavyochagua (SSRIs), huzuia pakubwa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi. <ref>{{cite journal |first=Robert P. |last=Vertes |year=2000 |title=The case against memory consolidation in REM sleep |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_behavioral-and-brain-sciences_2000-12_23_6/page/n82 |journal=Behavioral and Brain Sciences |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=867–876 |doi=10.1017/S0140525X00004003 |pmid=11515146 |last2=Eastman |first2=KE}}</ref> Mirtazapini ama haina athari kwa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi au huiongeza kwa kiwango kidogo. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/2030e2.htm |title=ISP: Mirtazapine Regulates Stress Hormones, Improves Sleep In Depressed Patients |accessdate=2010-10-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304235031/http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/2030e2.htm |archivedate=2012-03-04 }}</ref> Dawa za aina ya MAOI huzuia kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi karibu kabisa, huku dawa aina za TCA na SSRI zimetambuliwa kuwa zinazalisha mara moja (40-85%) na kwa kuendelezwa (30-50%) upungukaji wa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi. Athari hii mara nyingi huongeza uchovu kwa wagonjwa wanaotumia vipimo vikubwa vya dawamfadhaiko kwa muda mrefu. Uchovu kama huo mara kwa mara unaweza kukatiza shughuli za mgonjwa za kila siku. Ukomeshaji wa ghafla wa MAOI unaweza kusababisha tukio la muda linalojulikana kama "kurudi tena kwa kipindi cha usingizi ambapo macho huzunguka kwa kasi" ambapo mgonjwa huota ndoto dhairi sana na jinamizi. === Kuongeza Uzito === Dawamfadhaiko nyingi huhusishwa na kuongeza uzito kwa kawaida katika kiwango cha {{Convert|5|–|25|kg|lb|abbr=on}} lakini mara chache kwenda juu hadi {{Convert|50|kg|lb|abbr=on}} . Chanzo maalum haijulikani, lakini dawamfadhaiko huhusishwa na kuongezeka kwa kutamani vitu, na kutokuwa na uwezo wa kuhisi kama umeshiba licha ya kuingiza kalori za kutosha, viwango vya chini vya nguvu na kuongezeka kwa usingizi wa mchana, ambao unaweza kusababisha kukula kupindukia na ukosefu wa hamu ya kufanya mazoezi, na kinywa kikavu, ambayo inaweza kusababisha unywaji wa vinywaji vyenye kalori nyingi. Sifa za kumaliza kemikali za mzio za dawamfadhaiko kadhaa za kategoria ya TCA na TeCA zimetambulika kuwa zinachangia na upande wa athari wa kuongezeka kwa hamu ya chakula na kuongeza uzito unaohusiana na kategoria hizi za madawa. Ulaji wa asusa za kabohaidreti zenye kiwango cha chini cha mafuta na protini na dhifa zenye kabohaidreti nyingi unaruhusu ubongo kuzalisha serotonini inayodhibiti hamu ya chakula na kusawazisha halihisi ya moyo. Kwa hivyo, kabohaidreti ikiliwa kama sehemu ya chakula bora, kwa mujibu wa athari zao kwa kiwango cha serotonini kwenye ubongo, zinaweza kusaidia kupoteza uzito katika muktadha wa kuongezeka uzito kutokana na dawamfadhaiko. <ref>{{cite book|last=Wurtman|first=JJ|coauthors=Marquis NF|title=The serotonin power diet : use your brain's natural chemistry to cut cravings, curb emotional overeating, and lose weight|url=https://archive.org/details/serotoninpowerdi0000wurt_o1j2|accessdate=2009-05-29|year=c2006|publisher=Rodale|location=Emmaus, Penn|isbn=978-1-59486-346-2|pages=290}}</ref> == Ubishani == Tafiti kadhaa zimeibua shaka kuhusu ufanisi wa dawamfadhaiko. Utafiti uliofanywa mwaka wa 2002 ulionyesha kuwa tofauti kati ya dawamfadhaiko na vipozaungo ni mdogo sana. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Kirsch|first=I|year=2002|month=Julai|title=The emperor's new drugs: An analysis of antidepressant medication data submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration|journal=Prevention & Treatment|volume=5|issue=1|publisher=American Psychological Association|doi=10.1037/1522-3736.5.1.523a|accessdate=2009-05-29|last2=Moore|first2=Thomas J.|last3=Scoboria|first3=Alan|last4=Nicholls|first4=Sarah S.}}</ref> Kupitia ombi la Sheria ya uhuru wa kupata habari, wanasaikolojia wawili walipata tafiti 47 zilizotumiwa na FDA kuidhinisha dawamfadhaiko sita zilizoagizwa sana kati ya mwaka wa 1987 na mwaka wa 1999. Kwa ujumla, vidonge vya dawamfadhaiko vilitenda kazi vizuri zaidi kwa 18% kuliko vipozaungo, kitakwimu inayoleta tofauti kuu, lakini isiyo na maana kwa watu walio katika mazingira ya kliniki ", anasema Irving Kirsch, mwanasaikolojia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Connecticut. Yeye pamoja na mwandishi mwenzake Thomas Moore walitoa matokeo yao kuhusu "Kinga na Tiba", jarida la elektroniki la Shirika la Kisaikolojia la Marekani. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/drugs/2002-07-08-antidepressants.htm |title= Study: Antidepressant barely better than placebo |publisher=Usatoday.com |date=2002-07-07&nbsp;-&nbsp;Updated&nbsp;11:47 PM&nbsp;ET |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> Utafiti mwingine uliofanywa na wanasaikolojia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Pennsylvania, Chuo Kikuu cha Vanderbilt, Chuo Kikuu cha Colorado, na Chuo Kikuu cha New Mexico ulitambua kuwa ni vigumu kwa dawamfadhaiko kuwa na athari bora zaidi kuliko zile za vipozaungo katika visa vya mfadhaiko wa kiwango cha chini au wastani. Utafiti huo ulichapishwa katika jarida la Shirika la Marekani la Uuguzi. Utafiti huo ulilenga Paxili kutoka GlaxoSmithKline na imipramini. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/2010/01/05/antidepressant-paxil-placebo-business-healthcare-depression.html|title=Study Undermines Case for Antidepressants|date=|accessdate=2010-07-01|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121208170044/http://www.forbes.com/2010/01/05/antidepressant-paxil-placebo-business-healthcare-depression.html|archivedate=2012-12-08}}</ref> Katika mwaka wa 2005, dawamfadhaiko ilikuwa ndio dawa iliyoagizwa zaidi nchini Marekani, na hivyo kusababisha mjadala zaidi kuhusu swala hilo. Baadhi ya madaktari wanaamini kuwa hii ni ishara nzuri kuwa watu hatimaye wanatafuta msaada kwa ajili ya matatizo yao. Wengine hawakubaliani, huku wakisema kuwa hii inaonyesha kwamba watu wanaendelea kutegemea dawamfadhaiko sana. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/07/09/antidepressants/index.html |title=CDC: Antidepressants most prescribed drugs in U.S. |date= 2007-07-09|accessdate=2008-11-06 | work=CNN}}</ref> == Dawa == Mara nyingi watengenezaji wa dawa za SSRI wameficha habari kutoka kwa FDA na umma ili wachukulie kwa urahisi hatari na athari mbaya zinazohusishwa na SSRI. Hii ilisababisha ubishi dhidi ya watengenezaji wengi wa madawa ya kupambana na mfadhaiko ya SSRI katika visa vinavyohusiana na kujiua, kuachishwa kwa SSRI na kasoro kuzaliwa kwa watoto wachanga kutoka kwa mama wanaonyonyesha wanaotumia SSRI. Kwa moja kati ya kesi tatu pekee zilizowahi kufikishwa mahakamani kuhusu uwezekano kuwa SSRI huchangia kujiua, Eli Lilly na wenzake walishikwa wakiingilia mchakato wa kimahakama kwa kusikilizana na wakili wa mdai kutupa kesi hiyo, kwa sehemu kwa kutotoa ushahidi utakaowaletea hasara mbele ya mahakama. Kesi hiyo, inayojulikana kama Kesi ya Fentress ilihusisha mwanaume mmoja kutoka Kentucky, Joseph Wesbecker, kuhusu Prozac, aliyeenda mahali pake pa kazi na kuanza mashambulio kwa bunduki na kuwaua watu 8 (ikiwa ni pamoja na Fentress), na kuwajeruhi wengine 12 kabla ya kujiua mwenyewe kwa bastola. Juri ilitoa uamuzi wa 9-kwa-3 uliompendelea Lilly. Hakimu, mwishowe aliihamisha kesi hiyo hadi Mahakama Makuu ya Kentucky, iliyoamua kuwa "kulikuwa na ukosefu mkubwa wa uwazi kwa upande wa mahakama na huenda kulikuwa na udanganyifu, mwenendo ulioongozwa na imani mbaya, matumizi mabaya ya mchakato wa kimahakama na, pengine hata udanganyifu. "Hakimu baadaye alibatilisha uamuzi huo na badala yake, akasema kesi hiyo imefungwa. Thamani ya makubaliano ya mpango huo wa siri haujawahi kufichuliwa, lakini iliripotiwa kuwa ni "kubwa". <ref>[http://www.judicialaccountability.org/articles/hideandseek.htm ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.judicialaccountability.org/articles/hideandseek.htm |date=20100610031049 }} kutoka kwa Richard Zitrin &amp; Carol M. Langford. "Hide and Secrets in Louisville" kutoka "The Moral Compass of the American Lawyer". Vitabu vya Ballantine, 1999</ref> Tarehe 22 Desemba 2006, mahakama moja ya Marekani iliamua kuhusu Hoorman, na wenzake. dhidi ya SmithKline Beecham Corp. kuwa watu walionunua Paxil(R) au Paxil CR(TM) (paroksetini) kwa mtoto mdogo huenda wakastahiki kupata ruzuku chini ya maafikiano yaliyopendekezwa ya $ 63,800,000. Daawa lilishinda madai kuwa kampuni ya kutengeneza dawa za GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) ilikampenia uagizaji wa Paxil(R) au Paxil CR(TM) kwa watoto na vijana huku ikikatalia na kuficha habari muhimu kuhusu usalama na ufanisi wa dawa hizo kwa watoto. <ref>[http://www.ahrp.org/risks/SSRI0204/GSKpaxil/pg1.html ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ahrp.org/risks/SSRI0204/GSKpaxil/pg1.html |date=20110614100740 }} Oktoba 1998 Kumbukumbu ya GSK: Mikakati ya ufichuzi</ref> Daawa hilo lilitokana na maandamano ya kutetea watumiaji dhidi ya GSK, watengenezaji wa Paroxetine. Tangu FDA iidhinishe paroxetine mwaka wa 1992, takriban raia 5,000 wa Marekani - na maelfu ya watu wengine duniani - wameishtaki GSK. Wengi wa watu hawa wanaona kuwa hawakuonywa inavyopaswa mapema kuhusu madhara ya dawa hii na sifa zake za utegemezi. Kulingana na [http://www.paxilprotest.com/ tovuti ya upingaji wa Paxil] {{Wayback|url=http://www.paxilprotest.com/ |date=20180307152504 }}, mamia ya daawa zaidi ziliwasilishwa dhidi ya GSK. Tovuti ya upingaji wa Paxil ilizinduliwa mnamo 8 Agosti 2005 ili kutoa taarifa kuhusu upingaji na habari juu ya Paxil ambayo awali haikupatikana kwa umma. Wiki tatu tu baada ya uzinduzi wake, tovuti hiyo ilitembelewa na zaidi ya watu robo milioni. Tovuti asili ya upingaji wa Paxil haipatikani tena. Inaeleweka kuwa hatua ya kuondoa tovuti hiyo kutoka kwenye mtandao ilichukuliwa kama sehemu ya makubaliano kuhusu usiri au 'amri ya kunyamazisha' ambayo mmiliki tovuti aliingilia kama sehemu ya maafikiano kwa hatua yake dhidi ya GlaxoSmithKline. (Hata hivyo, mnamo Machi 2007, tovuti ya Seroxat Secrets <ref>{{cite web|url=http://seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com/2007/03/03/the-paxil-protest-time-machine/ |title=The Paxil Protest time machine « seroxat secrets… |publisher=Seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> iligundua kuwa nyaraka za tovuti ya upingaji wa Paxil<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paxilprotest.com/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060519170044/http://paxilprotest.com/|archivedate=2006-05-19|title=The Paxil Protest I Welcome<!-- Bot generated title -->|publisher=Web.archive.org|date=|accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> bado inapatikana kwenye mtandao kupitia Archive.org). Amri zakunyamazisha ni kawaida kwa kesi kama hizo na zinaweza kuhusisha hata hati ambazo washtakiwa wangependelea yaendeleaa kufichwa kwa umma. Hata hivyo, katika hali fulani, hati hizo zinaweza kutolewa kwa umma baadaye, kama zile zilizotolewa kwa umma na Peter Breggin mnamo Februari 2006. Toleo la habari kutoka kwa Dkt Breggin linaweza kuonekana hapa: <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.breggin.com/courtfiling.pbreggin.2006.html |title=Suppressed Paxil Suicide Data Released |publisher=Breggin.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021042112/http://www.breggin.com/courtfiling.pbreggin.2006.html |archivedate=2008-10-21 }}</ref> Mnamo Januari 2007, kulingana na tovuti ya Seroxat Secrets, <ref>{{cite web|url=http://seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com |title=seroxat secrets… |publisher=Seroxatsecrets.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> daawa ya kikundi cha kitaifa dhidi ya GlaxoSmithKline plc [[Ufalme wa Muungano|nchini Uingereza]], kwa niaba ya watu mia kadhaa ambao wanadai wamepata athari za kuachishwa baada ya kutumia dawa ya Seroxat, walichukua hatua ya karibu zaidi hadi Mahakama Kuu ya [[London]], na thibitisho kuwa fedha za umma zilirejeshwa kufuatia uamuzi wa Jopo la Rufaa kuhusu Maslahi ya Umma. Swala kuu kuhusiana na kitendo hiki linadai kuwa Seroxat ni dawa yenye kasoro kwa kuwa ina mwelekeo wa kusababisha mjibizo wa kuachishwa. Mawakili wa Hugh James wanathibitisha habari hii katika tovuti yao <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.hughjames.com/lifestyle/groupactions/seroxt.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2007-02-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222131722/http://www.hughjames.com/lifestyle/groupactions/seroxt.html |archivedate=2007-02-22 }}</ref> Tarehe 29 Januari 2007, shirika la BBC nchini Uingereza ilirushwa hewani filamu ya nne ionyeshayo hali halisi katika mfululizo wake unaoitwa 'Panorama' <ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/5346938.stm |title=BBC NEWS &#124; Programmes &#124; Panorama &#124; Seroxat update |publisher=News.bbc.co.uk |date=Last Updated: |accessdate=2008-11-06}}</ref> kuhusu dawa ya kulevya Seroxat ya. Kipindi hiki, kinachoitwa Siri za Majaribio ya Dawa, kinahusu majaribio matatu ya kiafya yaliyofanywa na GSK kwa watoto na vijana wenye mfadhaiko. == Marejeo == {{Reflist|2}} == Kusoma zaidi == * {{cite book |author=Healy, David |title=The antidepressant era |url=https://archive.org/details/antidepressanter00heal |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1997 |isbn=0-674-03958-0 }} * {{cite book |author=Kramer, Peter D. |title=Listening to Prozac |url=https://archive.org/details/listeningtoproz000kram |publisher=Penguin Books |location=New York |year=1997 |isbn=0-14-026671-2 }} * {{cite book |author=Baumel, Syd |title=Natural Antidepressants |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=1999 |isbn=0-87983-900-7 }} * {{cite book |author=Stahl, Stephen M. |title=Psychopharmacology of Antidepressants |publisher=Informa Healthcare |year=1997 |isbn=1-85317-513-7 }} * {{cite journal |author=Pacher P, Kecskemeti V |title=Trends in the development of new antidepressants. Is there a light at the end of the tunnel? |journal=Curr. Med. Chem. |volume=11 |issue=7 |pages=925–43 |year=2004 |month=Aprili |pmid=15078174 |pmc=2495050 |doi=10.2174/0929867043455594 }} * {{cite journal |author=Pacher P, Kohegyi E, Kecskemeti V, Furst S |title=Current trends in the development of new antidepressants |journal=Curr. Med. Chem. |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=89–100 |year=2001 |month=Februari |pmid=11172668 }} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Antidepressants}} {{Wiktionary|antidepressant}} * [http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/aug2003/nimh-07.htm Uumbaji wa Niuroni Mpya zilizo muhimu kwa Utendakazi wa Dawamfadhaiko kwenye Panya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/aug2003/nimh-07.htm |date=20121010122000 }} * [http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_final.pdf Jopo la Wataalamu la NIH kuhusu elimu juu ya asili na athari za sumu katika Prozac (Fluoxetine) kwa uzazi na kukua] {{Wayback|url=http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_final.pdf |date=20090923193919 }} * [http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_monograph.pdf Monografu ya NIH juu ya athari za Prozac (Fluoxetine) zinazoweza kujitokeza kwa uzazi na ukuaji wa binadamu] {{Wayback|url=http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/chemicals/fluoxetine/fluoxetine_monograph.pdf |date=20100527103308 }} * [http://www.psych.org/psych_pract/treatg/pg/MDD.watch.pdf Mwongozo wa Matibabu wa mwaka wa 1995 wa Ushirika wa Marekani wa Magonjwa ya Akili kwa ajili ya matibabu ya wagonjwa wenye ugonjwa wa Mfadhaiko mkuu] * [http://childadvocate.net/childpresentations/child_medication.htm Watoto na Madawa - wasilisho linalotumia mbinu nyingi] {{Wayback|url=http://childadvocate.net/childpresentations/child_medication.htm |date=20140810061955 }} * [http://www.bap.org.uk/consensus/antidepressant.pdf Shirika la Uingereza la Taaluma ya athari za dawa za magonjwa ya akili 2000 Miongozo inayozingatia ushahidi kwa kutibu magonjwa ya mfadhaiko kwa kutumia dawamfadhaiko] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bap.org.uk/consensus/antidepressant.pdf |date=20061012221324 }} * [http://biopsychiatry.com/index.html Mwongozo wa Madawa Mazuri: dawa mpya za kuboresha halihisi ya moyo na dawamfadhaiko] * [http://www.yoism.org/?q=node/234 Video ya Loren Mosher, MD] (Mkuu wa kwanza wa tafiti kuhusu Skizofrenia NIMH na mhariri mwanzilishi wa ''Bulletin dhiki)'' * [http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/330/7488/420 Joanna Moncrieff: Msingi wa ushahidi kuhusu dawamfadhaiko za awali ni dhaifu pia.] BMJ 2005;330:420 (19 Februari) * [http://www.healyprozac.com/Book/Introduction.pdf Utangulizi kwa ''Let Them Eat Prozac'' na David Healy] {{Wayback|url=http://www.healyprozac.com/Book/Introduction.pdf |date=20101226101007 }} * [http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mentalhealthinformation/mentalhealthproblems/depression/antidepressants.aspx Ukurasa wenye habari kutoka Chuo cha Royal College of Psychiatrists] * Barry Yeoman, [http://www.barryyeoman.com/articles/courtroom.html Putting Science in the Dock, ] , The Nation * [http://ahp.yorku.ca/?p=60 Bibliografia kuhusu dawamfadhaiko katika historia ya saikolojia] * [http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/cb/Volume/2009/7/recognising_antidepressants.asp Ufahamu ya haraka] unaoonyesha jinsi mabadiliko madogo katika dawamfadhaiko yanaweza kubadilisha kwa kasi lengo lake katika ubongo. Kutoka kwa Royal Society of Chemistry * [http://www.ssristories.com/ Mkusanyiko wa habari 3100 na zaidi pamoja na makala kamili yanayopatikana, hasa kuhusu uhalifu, ambapo dawamfadhaiko zinatajwa.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ssristories.com/ |date=20131212204756 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8304782.stm Dawamfadhaiko hufanya kazi mara moja - Habari za BBC News] [[Jamii:madawa]] 31e0g131vv03c0vg81je5vpj1cwexof 0 56841 1615447 1280885 2026-11-07T22:32:05Z Tbm 44189 1615447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ExamplesSidebar|35%| * '''Anna''' na '''Juma''' wanacheza. * '''Gari''' la '''Oliver''' ni zuri sana. * '''Nyumba''' yetu ipo '''mjini'''. * '''Mbuzi''' wa '''jirani''' yetu. * '''Mti''' mrefu umekatika. }} '''Nomino''' (kutoka [[Kilatini]]: ''nōmen'', [[Jina|jina]]) ni aina ya [[maneno]] inayotaja [[jina]] la [[Binadamu|mtu]], [[mnyama]], [[kitu]], [[Mahali|mahali]], [[sifa]] au [[wazo]]. Nomino hutokea kwa [[umbo]] la [[umoja]] au uwingi: kitu, vitu; mtu, watu. Nomino pamoja na [[kitenzi]] hufanya [[sentensi]], mfano: '''mtu''' anatembea. ==Makundi ya nomino== Nomino zimeainishwa katika makundi mbalimbali - kutegemeana na mitazamo ya [[Mtaalamu|wataalamu]]. Pamoja na kuwepo kwa msigano baina yao, bado wataalamu wengine wameziainisha nomino (majina) katika makundi matano: #[[Nomino za pekee]] #[[Nomino za kawaida]] - (vilevile '''jamii''') #[[Nomino za dhahania]] - (vilevile '''maarifa''') #[[Nomino za jumla]] #[[Nomino za wingi]] ==Tazama pia== *[[Lango: Lugha]] {{aina za maneno}} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Isimu]] [[Jamii:Sarufi]] ogl3loiq0u8e3qox9czrd4kk3s5kmcd 0 65224 1615462 1131298 2026-11-07T22:54:25Z Tbm 44189 1615462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | jina = James Sie | picha = | maelezo ya picha = | jina la kuzaliwa = | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1962|12|18}} | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Summit, New Jersey]], [[Marekani|US]] | ndoa = }} '''James Sie''' (amezaliwa tar. [[18 Desemba]] [[1962]]) ni mwigizaji wa filamu na mchekeshaji kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya Nje== * {{IMDb name|0796732}} {{BD|1962||Sie, James}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu-USA}} oxgkadt7mf98mppvrmut88w2ufmzvav 0 65589 1615460 929037 2026-11-07T22:52:01Z Tbm 44189 1615460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | jina = Eric Freeman | picha = | ukubwa wa picha = 290px | maelezo ya picha = | jina la kuzaliwa = | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1965|7|13}} | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Raleigh, North Carolina]], USA | ndoa = }} '''Eric Freeman''' (amezaliwa tar. [[1965]]) ni mwigizaji wa filamu na mchekeshaji kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. * ''Silent Night, Deadly Night'' == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * {{imdb name|id=0153004|name=Eric Freeman}} {{BD|1965||Freeman, Eric}} {{mbegu-igiza-filamu-USA}} g17n5cney811sedgjvk7v1alc7ksx46 0 65839 1615499 1346467 2026-11-08T00:53:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} {{Infobox radio station | name = Radio Studio 54 Network | image = [[Picha:Radio Studio 54 Network logo.svg|center|150px]] | city = [[Locri]], [[Calabria]] | area = [[FM broadcasting|FM]] frequencies in [[Italy]] (Calabria, Sicily and Apulia) and but also broadcasting worldwide with internet streaming | airdate = {{Start date|1985|06|06}} | share = 700 000 | share as of = 2011 | coordinates = {{coord|38.233333|16.266667|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline,title}} | | frequency = [[FM broadcasting|FM]] 101.8, 102.9, 106.4MHz a [[Reggio Calabria]] Jonica </br> 102, 105.7, 106.3 MHz Reggio Calabria Tirreno, [[Vibo Valentia]], [[Lamezia Terme]] </br> 106.5 [[Crotone]], [[Cosenza]] Tirreno </br> 95.8, 96.2 MHz Cosenza, [[Rende]], [[Savuto]] </br> Crotone 106.5 MHz </br> 95.8 MHZ [[Sibari]]tide, [[Rossano]], [[Corigliano]] </br> 93.5 MHz [[Castrovillari]] </br> 106.5 MHz [[Messina]] </br> 106.3 Mhz [[Lecce]]| | format = | language = [[Italian language|Italian]] | slogan = ''"il bello della musica è che quando ti colpisce non senti dolore"'' ([[Bob Marley]]) | | owner = [[Francesco Massara]] | website = [http://www.studio54network.it/ www.studio54network.it] | webcast = [http://share.xdevel.com/scriptshare/streamsolution/playeros/index.php?logobackground=000000&logo=true&autostart=true&height=36&width=380&id=442964986e275016d0e4a3e3ec40e0d6 Studio 54 Network] }} [[Picha:Radio Studio 54 Network logo.svg|thumb|Studio 54 Network logo]] '''Radio Studio 54 Network''' ni kituo cha [[redio]] cha kibinafsi cha Ki[[italia]]no. Ni msingi katika [[Locri]], [[Calabria]]. Kimsingi mtumishi mikoa ya Calabria, [[Sisilia]] na [[Puglia]]. Ni matangazo ya masaa 24 kwa siku. Ni matangazo duniani kote kupitia Internetvideo. == Historia == Kituo hiki kilianzishwa na Locri na [[Pietro Parretta]] na [[Francesco Massara]] na marafiki wawili wengine mnamo 6 Juni 1985. Ofisi za Studio 54 Network ziko katika Via Don Vittorio, 148 katika Locri. Kauli mbiu yake, "Il Bello della musica è che ti quando colpisce non senti dolore", ni tafsiri ya Italia nukuu maarufu ya [[Bob Marley]], "Moja ya jambo zuri juu ya muziki, wakati ni hits wewe, unajisikia hakuna maumivu." Kituo cha anafanya matangazo ya kuishi ya show yao ya kusafiri, Studio 54 LiveTour. Kituo pia matangazo mengine ya kikanda na kitaifa matamasha ya kuishi, ikiwa ni pamoja na matukio ya [[San Remo Festival]]..<ref>Pipolo, Rosario (2 Machi 2007). [http://www.milanodabere.it/news/eventi/sanremo_2007_da_fabbrica_di_sogni_a_sagra_del_belpaese_5086.html "Dalla diretta radiofonica su Studio 54 Network a gli incontri per vivere il Festival in maniera 'Off'"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.milanodabere.it/news/eventi/sanremo_2007_da_fabbrica_di_sogni_a_sagra_del_belpaese_5086.html |date=20160328134114 }}. milanodabere.it. Retrieved 25 Mei 2012 {{it}}.</ref> == Programu == *''Non-stop Info Studio 54 news'', habari, kima kutoka 7:00 *''Soundtracks - il cinema alla radio'', 8:40, 15:10, 23:00 *''Promodisco'', 12:40, 17:40, 19:40 *''History Time'' na [[Luciano Procopio]], 13:30, 23:30, 5:00 *''Déjà vu - All days'', 14:30, 21:30 *''Pezzi da 90'', 16:00, 22:00 *''Rock Italia'', 8:40, 9:45, 21:20, 23:45 *''Italia in Prima Pagina'', 6:00, 9:15 *''Rock Collection'', 14:00, 21:00 *''54 Disco Hit'', 7:30, 13:00, 18:00, 22:00 *''Rock a Mezzanotte'', baada ya manane *''Action Parade'', 9:45, 22:20. *''Special to Compact Disk'', 10:20, 2:20 *''Edizione Limitata'', 20:40, 3:40. *''Concerto Impossibile'', 14:30, 21:30 == Wafanyakazi wa sasa== * '''Mmiliki''': [[Francesco Massara]]. * '''Sound technicians''': Giuseppe Romeo, Mimmo De Marco, Piero Fiumanò, Vincenzo Macrì * '''Watangazaji''': Rossella Laface, Enzo DiChiera, Alex Albano, Marika Torcivia, Demetrio Malgeri, Franco Siciliano, Paolo Sia, Mara Rechichi * '''Mkutubi wa Muziki''': Daniela Panetta * '''Music programmers''': Francesco D'Augello, Daniela Panetta <ref>Bumbaca, Domenica (26 April 2012). [http://www.ntacalabria.it/76867/a-locri-rc-1-maggio-allinsegna-della-musica/ "A Locri (RC) 1° maggio all'insegna della musica"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ntacalabria.it/76867/a-locri-rc-1-maggio-allinsegna-della-musica/ |date=20120630172729 }}. ''Ntà Calabria''. Retrieved 25 May 2012 {{it}}.</ref> == Wafanyakzi wa zamani == Memmo Minniti, Tommaso Massara, Clementina Parretta, Enzo Gatto, Francesca Ritorto, Pino Martelli, Espedita Rechichi, Sergio Minniti, Gianluca Laganà, Rossana Pedullà, Ugo La Macchia, Paolo Guerrieri, Antonio Lombardo, Rosy Carelli, Giuseppe Galluzzo, Peppe Lentini, Paolo Guerrieri, Chiara Mearelli, Luca Filippone, Enrico Ventrice, Valentina Ammirato, Massimo Apa, Emily and Debora LoGiacco, Barbara Costa, Pasquale Fragomeni, Roberta Rupo, Veronica De Biase, Valentina Geracitano, Francesco Cunsolo, Francesco Parasporo, Antonella Romeo, Eleonora Femia, Rosana and Regina Garofalo, Debora Sainato, Ugo Lully Tommaselli, Pino Trecozzi, Luigi Grandinetti, Eddy and Ottavia Lombardo, Antony Greco, Sandro Pascuzzo, Giuseppe Evalto, Stefania Morabito, Luciano Procopio. == Studio 54 LiveTour == Studio 54 LiveTour ni tamasha nje ambayo ilianza mwaka 2000. Show kusafiri (pia matangazo ya kuishi kwenye mtandao) huchukua muda wa siku nzima. Ni pamoja na wageni maalum, muziki, michezo, burudani, na disco. == Studio 54 Angels == [[Picha:Radio Studio 54 Angels 2015-08.jpg|thumb| Studio 54 Angels]] 54 Angels ni kituo cha "mbele wasichana". Wao kusafiri katika jeeps na convertibles. Wao walikuwa awali kutumika kwa msaada wa kituo cha shughuli za nje. Kutoka 2010, wakawa timu ya burudani ambayo pia inaonekana katika matukio yasiyo ya Studio 54. == Studio 54 Stargate == Studio 54 Stargate majeshi ya kituo cha shughuli kuu na matangazo ya kuishi. Ni vifaa kikamilifu Mkono redio na televisheni studio. Ina console ubunifu kwa ajili ya redio na video. Pia ina vitengo viwili tofauti kwa ajili ya uzalishaji, uzalishaji wa baada ya, na Streaming audio-video.<ref name = "partyguide">partyguide.it (4 Aprili 2007). [http://www.partyguide.it/articolo_dinamo.php?id=63 "Dove atterra lo Stargate?"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.partyguide.it/articolo_dinamo.php?id=63 |date=20090522060847 }} (interview with Radio Studio 54 Network DJ, Francesco D'Augello) Retrieved 25 Mei 2012 {{it}}.</ref> == Other websites == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191225112737/http://www.studio54network.it/ Radio Studio 54 Network Official Website] {{it icon}} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Redio]] [[Jamii:Italia]] gyf184ke1w7fpvc8azyf1njsuwtznmw 0 65960 1615428 1002264 2026-11-07T21:25:34Z Andre Engels 29 Ukurasa umeelekezwa kwenda [[Kiyaure]] 1615428 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Kiyaure]] e5qs847j1itswi43jl460339diu24ak 0 66042 1615532 1613973 2026-11-08T04:25:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Msanii muziki 2 | Jina = Shakira | Img = 2023-11-16 Gala de los Latin Grammy, 03 (cropped)02.jpg | Img_capt = Shakira, mnamo 2023. | Img_size = | Landscape = | Background = solo_singer | Jina la kuzaliwa = Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll | Amezaliwa = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1977|2|2}} | Asili yake = [[Barranquilla]], Colombia | Kazi yake = [[Mwimbaji]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]], [[mwanamuziki]] | Ala = [[Sauti]] | Aina = [[Pop]], latin pop | Aina ya sauti = | Miaka ya kazi = 1988–hadi leo | Studio = Columbia Records, Epic Records, Live Nation. | Ameshirikiana na = | Tovuti = {{url|shakira.com}} }} '''Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll''' (au '''Shakira''' ; alizaliwa Barranquilla, [[Colombia]], [[2 Februari]] [[1977]]),<ref name="Origin"> {{cite web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment / 4406486.stm | title = Shakira fahari ya background ya Kiarabu | tarehe = 4 Novemba 2005 | kazi = BBC Habari | dyddiadcyrchu = 10 Februari 2009}} </ref> ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mtunzi]], [[mwanamuziki]] na [[mtayarishaji]] wa rekodi za [[muziki]] kutoka nchini [[Kolombia]]. Shakira ni msemaji wa [[Kihispania]], na anaongea kwa ufasaha [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kireno]], na kidogo pia [[Kiitalia]], [[Kifaransa]] na [[Kiarabu]]. ambayo nayo ilichangia kuongezeka kwa ujifunzaji na matumizi ya [[Kihispania|lugha ya Kihispania]] duniani kote. <ref name="UnstoppableSpanish">{{Rejea tovuti|date=24 January 2024|author=Moreno Cazalla|first=Lourdes|title=Unstoppable? Reggaeton has got the world listening to Spanish – here's what the language data tells us|url=https://theconversation.com/unstoppable-reggaeton-has-got-the-world-listening-to-spanish-heres-what-the-language-data-tells-us-221531|accessdate=19 September 2025|work=The Conversation}}</ref> Akiwa mpokeaji wa tuzo mbalimbali, ameshinda [[Grammy Awards|Tuzo 4 za Grammy]] na Tuzo 15 za Grammy za Kilatini, ikiwa ni pamoja na ushindi 3 wa Wimbo Bora wa Mwaka . == Diskografia == ===Albamu=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya albamu, pamoja na nafasi zilizoshika, mauzo na matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Albamu ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;"| Maelezo ! scope="col" colspan="11"| Nafasi iliyoshika katika nchi tofauti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:16em;"| Matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Mauzo |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Austria <br /><ref name=austrianchart>{{cite web|title=Discographie Shakira|url=http://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|publisher=Austrian Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=German}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ubelgiji<br />(WA)]]<br /><ref name=belgianwalloniachart>{{cite web|title=Shakira|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/artist/Shakira|publisher=[[Ultratop]] (Wallonia). Hung Medien|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=French|format=''Click on the ''Classements'' tab and then on the ''Singles/Albums'' tab ''}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ufaransa <br /><ref name=frenchchart>{{cite web|title=Discographie Shakira|url=http://www.lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|publisher=Les Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=French}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ujerumani <br /><ref name=germanchart>{{cite web|title=Discographie von Shakira|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artistId=Shakira|publisher=Offizielle Deutsche Charts|accessdate=22 September 2018|language=German|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922211559/https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artistId=Shakira|archivedate=2018-09-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Italy <br /><ref name="italianchart">{{cite web|title=Search for: Shakira|url=https://italiancharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|publisher=Italian Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Mexico<br /><ref name="mexicanalbumschart">Shakira's chart positions in Mexico (Albums)<br /> *For ''[[Fijación_Oral,_Vol._1]]'' and ''[[Oral_Fixation,_Vol._2]]'': {{cite web |title=Top 100 Album|url=http://www.amprofon.com.mx/Archivos/PDF/top_anual/Top_100_Album_2005.pdf|publisher=[[AMPROFON]]|accessdate=7 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215130547/http://www.amprofon.com.mx/Archivos/PDF/top_anual/Top_100_Album_2005.pdf|archivedate=15 February 2010|language=Spanish|deadurl=yes|df=dmy}} *For ''[[Oral Fixation Tour (album)|Oral Fixation Tour]]'', ''[[She_Wolf]]'' (''Loba''), ''[[Sale_el_Sol]]'' and ''[[Live from Paris (Shakira album)|Live from Paris]]'': {{cite web |title=Discography Shakira|url=http://mexicancharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|publisher=Mexican Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=7 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921190536/http://mexicancharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|archivedate=21 September 2013|deadurl=yes|df=dmy|https://web.archive.org/web/20130921190536/http://mexicancharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921190536/http://mexicancharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira}} *For ''[[Shakira (album)|Shakira]]'': {{cite web |title=Twitter / Amprofon:Puesto #2 del #Top100MX del...|url=https://twitter.com/Amprofon/status/458636670540066816|publisher=Official account of [[AMPROFON]] on [[Twitter]]|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=Spanish|date=22 April 2014}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Spain <br /><ref name="spanishalbumschart">Shakira's chart positions in Spain (Albums)<br /> * For ''[[Laundry_Service]]'': {{cite journal |author1=Nielsen Business Media |first1=Inc |date=19 January 2002 |title=Hits of the World - Spain |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1Q8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA64&dq=intitle:billboard++%22servicio%22#v=onepage&q=intitle%3Abillboard%20%20%22servicio%22&f=false |journal=Billboard |volume=114 |issue=3 |page=64 |issn=0006-2510 |accessdate=7 July 2014}} * For albums from 2005-present: {{cite web|title=Search for: Shakira|url=https://spanishcharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|publisher=Spanish Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uswisi <br /><ref name=swisscharts>{{cite web|title=Shakira|url=http://swisscharts.com/artist/Shakira#charts|publisher=Swiss Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=22 September 2018|language=German|format=''Click on the ''Charts'' tab and then on the ''Songs/Alben'' tab ''}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uingereza <br /><ref name="ukchart">Peaks for Shakira in the United Kingdom: * All except noted: {{cite web|title=Shakira – Artist|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/11718/shakira/|publisher=[[Official Charts]]|accessdate=22 September 2018}} * "Try Everything": {{cite web|title=CHART: CLUK Update 9.04.2016 (wk14)|url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/160409cluk.txt|publisher=Official Charts Company|accessdate=15 April 2016}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Marekani<br /><ref name=billboard200>{{cite web|title=Shakira – Chart history (Billboard 200)|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/shakira/chart-history/billboard-200|website=Billboard|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Latin<br /><ref name=billboardlatinalbums>{{cite web|title=Shakira – Chart history (Top Latin Albums)|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/278867/shakira/chart?f=330|website=Billboard|accessdate=7 July 2014|archivedate=2019-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331124332/https://www.billboard.com/artist/278867/shakira/chart?f=330}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Magia'' | * Ilitolewa: 24 Juni 1991 (COL)<ref name=Magianotes>{{cite AV media notes|title=Magia|others=Shakira|year=1991|publisher=[[Sony Music|Sony Music Columbia]]|type=back cover|id=14464663}}</ref> * Lebo: Sony Records | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | |- ! scope="row"| ''Peligro'' | * Ilitolewa: 25 Machi 1993 (COL)<ref name=Peligronotes>{{cite AV media notes|title=Peligro|others=Shakira|year=1993|publisher=Sony Columbia|type=back cover|id=51473102}}</ref> * Lebo: Sony Colombia | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | |- ! scope="row"| ''Pies Descalzos'' | * Ilitolewa: 6 Oktoba 1995 (COL) * Lebo: Sony Music | — || — || — || 71 || — || — || — || — || — || — || 5 | * Marekani: Platinum<ref name=uscert>{{Certification Cite|region=United States|artist=Shakira|accessdate= 13 May 2018}}</ref> | * Duniani: 5,000,000<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dG3So8_v4uYC&pg=PA130&dq=%22pies+descalzos%22+%22shakira%22+%22million+copies%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Cn-1Uf1iz4TRAfG_gOAN&ved=0CFMQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Latin American popular culture|last=Natella|first=Arthur|publisher=McFarland & Co|year=2008|isbn=9780786435111|page=131}}</ref> *Marekani: 580,000<ref>{{cite web|last1=Estevez|first1=Marjua|title=The Top 25 Biggest Selling Latin Albums of the Last 25 Years: Selena, Shakira & More|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/latin/8005603/selena-quintanilla-top-selling-latin-albums-ranking-25-years|website=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|accessdate=18 October 2017|date=17 October 2017}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Dónde Están los Ladrones?'' | * Ilitolewa: 29 Septemba 1998 (Marekani)<ref name=dondeallmusic>{{cite web|last1=Henderson|first1=Alex|title=Dónde Están los Ladrones? – Shakira|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/d%C3%B3nde-est%C3%A1n-los-ladrones-mw0000045951|publisher=AllMusic|accessdate=7 July 2014}}</ref> * Lebo: [[Sony Music Latin]] | — || — || — || 79 || — || — || — || 73 || — || 131 || 1 | * Mexico: 2× Platinum<ref name=dondemexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 1999|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=199872013470751&set=a.199864866804799.19026.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Fscontent-a-hkg.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fhphotos-xaf1%2Ft1.0-9%2F397646_199872013470751_437852859_n.jpg&size=590%2C707|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * Spain: Platinum<ref name=dondespanishcert>{{cite web|title=Discos de platino y oro 1999|url=http://www.elmundo.es/anuario/2000/sec/syc/427.htm|website=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|publisher=[[Unidad Editorial]]|accessdate=7 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050312194218/http://www.elmundo.es/anuario/2000/sec/syc/427.htm|archivedate=12 March 2005|language=Spanish}}</ref> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name=uscert /> | * Duniani: 10,000,000<ref>{{cite news|url=http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/espectaculos/29460.html|title=Vendrá Shakira a México a promover nuevo disco|date=26 October 2001|work=[[El Universal (Mexico City)|El Universal]]|accessdate=6 January 2017|language=es|archivedate=2019-04-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404072522/http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/espectaculos/29460.html}}</ref> *Marekani: 920,000 |- ! scope="row"| ''Laundry Service'' | * Ilitolewa: 13 November 2001 <ref name=laundrynotes>{{cite AV media notes|title=Laundry Service|others=Shakira|year=2001|publisher=[[Epic Records|Epic]]|type=back cover}}</ref> * Lebo: Epic Records | 1 || 5 || 5 || 2 || 2 || — || 2 || 1 || 2 || 3 || — | * Ufaransa: 2× Platinum<ref name=frenchcerts>{{cite web|title=Les Certifications|url=http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=0&awards_awd=0&awards_artist=Shakira&awards_title=&awards_edit_distrib=&submitAdvanced=Rechercher|publisher=[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|SNEP]]|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=French|archivedate=2018-07-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716053754/http://www.snepmusique.com/les-disques-dor/?awards_cat=0&awards_awd=0&awards_artist=Shakira&awards_title=&awards_edit_distrib=&submitAdvanced=Rechercher}}</ref> * Ujerumani: 5× Gold<ref name=germancerts>{{cite web|title=Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (''Enter ''Shakira'' in ''Interpret'' and click on ''Suchen'''') |url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/no_cache/gold_platin_datenbank/#topSearch |publisher=[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie|BVMI]] |accessdate=22 November 2013 |language=German |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202022835/http://www.musikindustrie.de/no_cache/gold_platin_datenbank/ |archivedate=2 December 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref> * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name=laundrymexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2002|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=243205892470696&set=a.243205849137367.1073741832.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Fscontent-a-ams.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fhphotos-frc3%2Ft1.0-9%2F1016445_243205892470696_1446428230_n.jpg&size=590%2C707|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 5× Platinum<ref name=laundryspacert>{{cite web|title=Top 100 Albumes|url=http://www.promusicae.es/files/listassemanales/albumes/historial/TOP%20100%20ALBUMES%2006_17.pdf|publisher=[[Productores de Música de España|PROMUSICAE]]|accessdate=23 November 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017085616/http://promusicae.es/files/listassemanales/albumes/historial/TOP%20100%20ALBUMES%2006_17.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> * Uswisi: 5× Platinum<ref name=swisscerts>{{cite web|title=Awards|url=http://www.swisscharts.com/search_certifications.asp?search=Shakira|publisher=Swiss Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=23 November 2013}}</ref> * Uingereza: 2× Platinum<ref name=ukcerts>{{cite web|title=Certified Awards |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards.aspx |publisher=[[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]] |accessdate=7 July 2014 |format=''Enter ''Shakira'' in ''Keywords:'' and click on ''Search'' '' |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716112934/http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards.aspx |archivedate=16 July 2016 |df=dmy }}</ref> * RIAA: 3× Platinum<ref name=uscert /> | * Duniani: 13,000,000<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/shakiras_songs_are_the_heart_of_her_success|title=Shakira’s Songs Are the Heart of Her Success|date=30 July 2007|access-date=24 September 2016}}</ref> *Marekani: 3,526,000<ref>{{cite web|last1=Trust|first1=Gary|title=Ask Billboard: Shakira's Biggest Hot 100 hits|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/5930276/ask-billboard-shakiras-biggest-hot-100-hits|website=Billboard|accessdate=7 July 2014|date=7 March 2014}}</ref>}} |- ! scope="row"| ''Fijación Oral, Vol. 1'' | * Ilitolewa: 3 Juni 2005 <ref name=fijacionnotes>{{cite AV media notes|title=Fijación Oral, Vol. 1|others=Shakira|year=2005|publisher=Epic|type=back cover}}</ref> * Lebo: Epic | 2 || 6 || 6 || 1 || 18 || 1 || 1 || 2 || — || 4 || 1 | * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name=germancerts /> * AMPROFON: 3× Platinum<ref name=fijacionmexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2005|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=227790920678860&set=a.227787794012506.1073741827.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-e-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xfp1%2Ft1.0-9%2F969829_227790920678860_347440517_n.png&size=590%2C707|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 3× Platinum<ref name=fijacionspanishcert>{{cite web|title=Top 100 Albumes|url=http://www.promusicae.es/files/listassemanales/albumes/historial/TOP%20100%20ALBUMES%2008_14.pdf|publisher=PROMUSICAE|accessdate=7 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213330/http://promusicae.es/files/listassemanales/albumes/historial/TOP%20100%20ALBUMES%2008_14.pdf|archivedate=4 October 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * RIAA: 11× Platinum ({{small|[[RIAA certification#Spanish|Latin]]}})<ref name=uscert /> | *Marekani: 1,019,000 |- ! scope="row"| ''Oral Fixation, Vol. 2'' | * Ilitolewa: 28 Novemba 2005 <ref name=oralnotes>{{cite AV media notes|title=Oral Fixation, Vol. 2|others=Shakira|year=2005|publisher=Epic|type=back cover}}</ref> * Lebo: Epic | 6 || 12 || 8 || 4 || 6 || 4 || 3 || 3 || 12 || 5 || — | * SNEP: Platinum<ref name=frenchcerts /> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name=germancerts /> * AMPROFON: Platinum+Gold<ref name=oralmexicancert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2006|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=201626766628609&set=a.201625403295412.19184.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-f-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xpa1%2Ft1.0-9%2F73349_201626766628609_631891526_n.jpg&size=586%2C705|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: Platinum<ref name=fijacionspanishcert /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name=ukcerts /> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name=uscert /> | *Marekani: 1,745,000 |- ! scope="row"| ''She Wolf'' | * Ilitolewa: 9 Oktoba 2009 (Ujerumani)<ref name=shewolfreleasebb>{{cite web|last1=Ben-Yehuda|first1=Ayala|title=Shakira's "She Wolf" Gets Nov. 23 U.S. Release Date|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1263988/shakiras-she-wolf-gets-nov-23-us-release-date|website=Billboard|accessdate=7 July 2014|date=21 October 2009|archivedate=2019-04-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417034033/https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1263988/shakiras-she-wolf-gets-nov-23-us-release-date}}</ref> * Label: Epic | 4 || 11 || 7 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 4 || 15 || — | *SNEP: Gold<ref name=frenchcerts /> *BVMI: Gold<ref name=germancerts /> *[[Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|FIMI]]: Platinum<ref name=italiancerts>{{cite web|title=Certificazioni|url=http://www.fimi.it/certificazioni#/category:tutte/page:0/term:Shakira|publisher=[[FIMI]]|accessdate=8 July 2014|language=Italian|archive-date=2018-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081416/http://www.fimi.it/certificazioni#/category:tutte/page:0/term:Shakira|url-status=dead}}</ref> *AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name=shewolfmexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2009|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=212372482220704&set=a.212370725554213.20142.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-b-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xfa1%2Ft1.0-9%2F33938_212372482220704_459045546_n.jpg&size=590%2C707|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=8 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> *PROMUSICAE: Platinum<ref name=shewolfspacert>{{cite web|title=Shakira – Loba|url=http://www.elportaldemusica.es/album-1479-shakira-loba|publisher=PROMUSICAE|accessdate=8 July 2014|archivedate=2014-07-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714222411/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/album-1479-shakira-loba}}</ref> *BPI: Gold<ref name=ukcerts /> | * Duniani: 2,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-15073791|title=Shakira to be named Latin Grammy Person of the Year|date=27 September 2011|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=12 April 2018}}</ref> *Marekani: 480,000<ref name=shewolfsaleus2010>{{cite web|last=Yehuda|first=Ayala Ben|title=Shakira Announces U.S. Tour Dates|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/photos/live/958372/shakira-announces-us-tour-dates|website=Billboard|accessdate=12 August 2015|date=4 May 2010}}</ref>}} |- ! scope="row"| ''Sale el Sol'' | * Ilitolewa: 19 Oktoba 2010 <ref name=salereleaseshakira.com>{{cite web|title=Sale El Sol out today!|url=http://archive.shakira.com/news/title/sale-el-sol-out-today|publisher=Shakira.com (Archive)|accessdate=7 July 2014|date=19 October 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019130234/http://archive.shakira.com/news/title/sale-el-sol-out-today|archivedate=19 October 2013}}</ref> * Lebo: Epic | 3 || 1 || 1 || 6 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 2 || — || 7 || 1 | * SNEP: Diamond<ref name=frenchcerts /> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name=germancerts /> * FIMI: Platinum<ref name=italiancerts /> * AMPROFON: Platinum+Gold<ref name=salemexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2010|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=220128481445104&set=a.220127114778574.1073741825.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-h-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-prn1%2F73183_220128481445104_1423005867_n.jpg&size=584%2C703|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=8 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 2× Platinum<ref name=salespacert>{{cite web|title=Shakira – Sale el Sol|url=http://www.elportaldemusica.es/album-2686-shakira-sale-el-sol|publisher=PROMUSICAE|accessdate=8 July 2014|archivedate=2017-07-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705062720/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/album-2686-shakira-sale-el-sol}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name=swisscerts /> * RIAA: Diamond <ref name=uscert /> * Ilitolewa: 21 Machi 2014 (Ujerumani)<ref name=shakreleasegermany>{{cite web|title=Shakira. von Shakira|url=https://itunes.apple.com/de/album/shakira./id824516836|publisher=[[iTunes Store]] (Germany). [[Apple Inc]]|accessdate=7 July 2014|language=German|date=21 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121205319/https://itunes.apple.com/de/album/shakira./id824516836|archivedate=2018-11-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Lebo: RCA Records, Live Nation, Sony Music Latin | 3 || 11 || 6 || 5 || 3 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 14 || 2 || — | * SNEP: Gold<ref name=frenchcerts /> * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=shamexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones Mensuales 2014|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=286669648124320&set=a.271393712985247.1073741838.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-d-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xpf1%2Ft1.0-9%2F10151297_286669648124320_3772052156120881408_n.png&size=589%2C708|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=8 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: Gold<ref name=shaspacert>{{cite web|title=Shakira – Shakira|url=http://www.elportaldemusica.es/album-7977-shakira-shakira|publisher=PROMUSICAE|accessdate=8 July 2014|archivedate=2014-04-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410145343/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/album-7977-shakira-shakira}}</ref> | |- ! scope="row"| ''El Dorado'' | * Ilitolewa: 26 Mei 2017 * Lebo: Sony Music Latin | 10 || 2 || 4 || 19 || 12 || 3 || 2 || 3 || 54 || 15 || 1 | * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name="AMPROFON">https://twitter.com/Amprofon/status/1016336625180266496</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * PROMUSICAE: Gold<ref name="PROMUSICAE">https://twitter.com/ShakiraMedia/status/1015689975176876037</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name=frenchcerts /> * RIAA: Diamond (10x Platinum) ({{small|[[RIAA certification#Spanish|Latin]]}})<ref name=uscert /> | |- ! scope="row"| ''Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran'' | * Ilitolewa: 2024 * Lebo: Sony Music Latin | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | | |} ===Nyimbo=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Orodha ya ntimbo, pamoja na nafasi iliyoshika, matunukio, mwaka iliyotoka, na albamu yake. ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:18em;"| Nyimbo ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! scope="col" colspan="11"| Nafasi iliyoshika katika nchi tofauti ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:16em;"| Matunukio ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Albamu |- ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Australia<br/><ref name=australiancharts>{{cite web|title=Discography Shakira|url=http://australian-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Shakira|publisher=Australian Charts. Hung Medien|accessdate=9 July 2014}} * "Try Everything": {{cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/07/chart-watch-376/|title=CHART WATCH #376|publisher=auspOp|date=9 July 2016|accessdate=9 July 2016|archivedate=2016-08-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822090454/https://www.auspop.com.au/2016/07/chart-watch-376/}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ubelgiji<br />(WA)<br /><ref name=belgianwalloniachart /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ufaransa<br/><ref name=frenchchart /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Ujerumani<br/><ref name=germanchart/> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;" | Italy<br /><ref name=italiansingleschart>{{cite web|title=Search for: Shakira|url=http://italiancharts.com/search.asp?cat=s&search=Shakira|publisher=Italian Charts|accessdate=9 July 2014}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Mexico<br /><ref name="monitorlatinochart">Shakira's chart positions in Mexico, after of 2009 the song are charted by ([[Monitor_Latino]])<br /> * For "She Wolf" ("Loba"): {{cite web|title=Continúa Shakira en la cima del éxito radial con Loba|url=http://www.informador.com.mx/entretenimiento/2009/143325/6/continua-shakira-en-la-cima-del-exito-radial-con-loba.htm|work=[[El Informador (Mexico)|El Informador]]|publisher=Unión Editorialista|accessdate=15 July 2014|language=Spanish|date=5 October 2009|archivedate=2015-05-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150509012936/http://www.informador.com.mx/entretenimiento/2009/143325/6/continua-shakira-en-la-cima-del-exito-radial-con-loba.htm}} * For "Did It Again" ("Lo Hecho Está Hecho"): {{cite web|title=Top 20 General|url=http://www.radionotas.com/charts_mx.aspx|publisher=[[Monitor Latino]]. RadioNotas|accessdate=15 July 2014|language=Spanish|date=5 October 2009|archivedate=2012-04-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414190944/http://www.radionotas.com/charts_mx.aspx}} * For "Gypsy" ("Gitana"): {{cite web|title=Shakira alcanza la cima con su 'Gitana'|url=http://www2.esmas.com/entretenimiento/musica/noticias/154759/shakira-alcanza-cima-con-gitana/|publisher=[[Esmas.com]]. [[Televisa]]|accessdate=15 July 2014|language=Spanish|date=12 April 2010|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050943/http://www2.esmas.com/entretenimiento/musica/noticias/154759/shakira-alcanza-cima-con-gitana/}} * For "Loca": {{cite web|title=lega Adictiva Banda San José al primer lugar de Monitor latino|url=http://mx.noticias.hispavista.com/espectaculos/20101129134400010/llega-adictiva-banda-jos-monitor-latino/|publisher=[[Notimex]]. [[:es:Hispavista|Hispavista]]|accessdate=15 July 2014|language=Spanish|date=29 November 2010|archivedate=2014-07-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715174856/http://mx.noticias.hispavista.com/espectaculos/20101129134400010/llega-adictiva-banda-jos-monitor-latino/}} * For "Sale el Sol": {{cite web|title=Top 20 General|url=http://www.radionotas.com/charts_mx.aspx|publisher=Monitor Latino|accessdate=15 July 2014|archivedate=2012-04-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414190944/http://www.radionotas.com/charts_mx.aspx}} * For "Antes de las Seis": {{cite web|title=Top 20 General|url=http://www.monitorlatino.com/|publisher=Monitor Latino|accessdate=15 July 2014|language=Spanish|archivedate=2019-04-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401203446/http://monitorlatino.com/}} * For "Addicted to You": {{cite web|title=Top 20 General|url=http://www.radionotas.com/charts_mx.aspx|publisher=Monitor Latino|accessdate=15 July 2013|archivedate=2012-04-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414190944/http://www.radionotas.com/charts_mx.aspx}} * For "Can't Remember to Forget You": {{cite web|title=Top 20 General|url=http://monitorlatino.com.mx//Charts/General21720142232014.html|publisher=Monitor Latino|accessdate=23 December 2018|archivedate=2014-02-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227122205/http://monitorlatino.com.mx//Charts/General21720142232014.html}} * For "Trap": {{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/biz/charts/2018-02-10/mexico|title=Mexico Airplay: The Week of February 10, 2018|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=6 February 2018|subscription=yes|archivedate=2019-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331113948/https://www.billboard.com/biz/charts/2018-02-10/mexico}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Spain<br/><ref name=spanishsingleschart>{{cite web|title=Search for: Shakira|url=http://www.spanishcharts.com/search.asp?cat=s&search=Shakira|publisher=Spanish Charts|accessdate=9 July 2014}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uswisi<br/><ref name=swisscharts /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Uingereza<br/><ref name=ukchart /> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Marekani<br/><ref name=billboardhot100>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Chart history (The Hot 100)|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/shakira/chart-history/hot-100|website=Billboard|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:2.5em;font-size:90%;"| Latin<br/><ref name=billboardlatinsongs>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Chart history (Hot Latin Songs)|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/shakira/chart-history/latin-songs|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=23 December 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Peligro" | rowspan="4"| 1993 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || -- | | rowspan="4"| ''Peligro'' |- ! scope="row"| "Brujería" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || -- |- ! scope="row"| "Eres" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || -- |- ! scope="row"| "Tú Serás La Historia De Mi Vida" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || -- |- ! scope="row"| "[[Estoy Aquí]]" | 1995 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 2 | | rowspan="6"| ''Pies Descalzos'' |- ! scope="row"| "¿Dónde Estás Corazón?" | rowspan="3"| 1996 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 5 | |- ! scope="row"| "Pies Descalzos, Sueños Blancos" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —<ref name=billboardlatinpopsongs>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Chart history (Latin Pop Songs)|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/278867/shakira/chart?f=372|website=Billboard|accessdate=10 July 2014|archivedate=2015-11-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123131538/http://www.billboard.com/artist/278867/Shakira/chart?f=372}}</ref>}} | |- ! scope="row"| "Un Poco de Amor" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Antología" | rowspan="2"| 1997 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 15 | |- ! scope="row"| "Se Quiere, Se Mata" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 8 | |- ! scope="row"| "Ciega, Sordomuda" | rowspan="3"| 1998 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 1 | | rowspan="6"| ''Dónde Están los Ladrones?'' |- ! scope="row"| "Tú" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 1 | |- ! scope="row"| "Inevitable" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 3 | |- ! scope="row"| "No Creo" | rowspan="3"| 1999 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 9 | |- ! scope="row"| "Ojos Así" | — || 16 || 15 || — || — || — || — || 33 || — || — || 22 | |- ! scope="row"| "Moscas en la Casa" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 25 | |- ! scope="row"| "Whenever, Wherever" / "Suerte" | 2001 | 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || — || 1 || 1 || 2 || 6 || 1 | * ARIA: 3× Platinum<ref name=austsingles2002cert>{{cite web|title=ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2002 Singles |url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-singles-2002.htm |publisher=[[ARIA]] |accessdate=9 July 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307065825/http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-singles-2002.htm |archivedate=7 March 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> * FIMI: Gold<ref name="italiancerts" /> * SNEP: Diamond<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * BVMI: 3× Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * IFPI SWI: 2× Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="ukcerts" /> | rowspan="6"| ''Laundry Service'' |- ! scope="row"| "Underneath Your Clothes" | rowspan="4"| 2002 | 1 || 7 || 2 || 2 || 3 || — || — || 2 || 3 || 9 || — | * ARIA: 2× Platinum<ref name=austsingles2002cert /> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="ukcerts" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Objection" / <br>"Te Aviso, Te Anuncio (Tango)" | 2 || 8 || 10 || 19 || 6 || — || — || 10 || 17 || 55 || 16 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=austsingles2002cert /> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="frenchcerts" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Te Dejo Madrid" | — || — || — || — || — || — || 7 || — || — || — || 45 |- ! scope="row"| "Que Me Quedes Tú" | — || — || — || — || — || — || 10 || — || — || — || 1 | |- ! scope="row"| "The One" | 2003 | 16 || 21 || — || 39 || 20 || — || — || 17 || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "La Tortura" <br/><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Alejandro Sanz]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2005 | — || 5 || 7 || 4 || 3 || — || 1 || 2 || — || 23 || 1 | * BVMI: Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=latorturamexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2007|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=201592166632069&set=a.200348553423097.19077.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Fscontent-b-lhr.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fhphotos-frc3%2Ft1.0-9%2F486055_201592166632069_1172051771_n.png&size=591%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> * RIAA: Gold<ref name="uscert" /> * RIAA: 32× Platinum</span><ref name="uscert" /> | rowspan="2"| ''Fijación Oral Vol. 1'' |- ! scope="row"| "No" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Gustavo Cerati]])</span> | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 11 | |- ! scope="row"| "Don't Bother" | 30 || 32 || 24 || 7 || 8 || — || — || 8 || 9 || 42 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="uscert" /> | ''Oral Fixation Vol. 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Día de Enero" | rowspan="3"| 2006 | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 29 | | ''Fijación Oral Vol. 1'' |- ! scope="row"| "Hips Don't Lie" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Wyclef Jean]])</span> | 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || — || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 | * ARIA: Platinum<ref name=aust2006singlescert>{{cite web |title=ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2006 Singles |url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ARIACharts-Accreditations-2006Singles.htm |publisher=ARIA |accessdate=9 July 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64wvT6oq3?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ARIACharts-Accreditations-2006Singles.htm |archivedate=25 January 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * BVMI: Platinum<ref name="germancerts" /> * FIMI: Gold<ref name="italiancerts" /> * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name=hipsmexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2007|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=201589886632297&set=a.200348553423097.19077.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-e-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-frc1%2Ft1.0-9%2F184724_201589886632297_202702434_n.png&size=592%2C709|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: 2× Platinum<ref name="ukcerts" /> * RIAA: 2× Platinum<ref name="uscert" /> | rowspan="2"| ''Oral Fixation Vol. 2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Illegal" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Carlos Santana]])</span> | — || 9 || 16 || 11 || 11 || 4 || — || 10 || 34 || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "Las de la Intuición" | rowspan="2"| 2007 | — || — || — || — || — || — || 1 || — || — || — || 31 | * PROMUSICAE: 7× Platinum<ref name=intuitionspacert>{{cite web|url = http://www.promusicae.com/files/imagenes/file/TOP20ANO2007DESCARGASCANCIONESYTONOS.PDF|title = Canciones Top 20 Anual - 2007|date = |accessdate = 10 July 2014|website = |publisher = PROMUSICAE|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110715122845/http://www.promusicae.com/files/imagenes/file/TOP20ANO2007DESCARGASCANCIONESYTONOS.PDF|archivedate = 15 July 2011|language = Spanish}}</ref> | ''Fijación Oral Vol. 1'' |- ! scope="row"| "Beautiful Liar" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Beyoncé]])</span> | 5 || 5 || 1 || 1 || 1 || — || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 10 | * BVMI: Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * PROMUSICAE: 3× Platinum<ref name=intuitionspacert /> * BPI: Gold<ref name="ukcerts" /> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="uscert" /> | ''[[B'Day (Beyoncé album)|B'Day]]'' |- ! scope="row"| "She Wolf" | rowspan="3"| 2009 | 18 || 5 || 4 || 2 || 3 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 11 || 1 | * FIMI: Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * AMPROFON: Platinum<ref name=shewolfmexsinglecert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2011|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=265914576866494&set=a.249543541836931.1073741834.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-ash3%2Ft1%2F1509953_265914576866494_586966348_n.jpg&size=592%2C709|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 2× Platinum<ref name=shewolfsinglespacert>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1568-2590-shakira-loba-remix|title = Shakira - Loba (Remix)|date = |accessdate = 10 July 2014|website = |publisher = PROMUSICAE|last = |first = |archivedate = 2016-04-14|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160414084350/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1568-2590-shakira-loba-remix}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: Gold<ref name="ukcerts" /> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="uscert" /> | rowspan="4"| ''She Wolf'' |- ! scope="row"| "Did It Again" | — || —<ref name=diditagainultratip>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Did It Again|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/song/97445/Shakira-Did-It-Again|publisher=Ultratop (Wallonia)|accessdate=11 July 2014|language=French}}</ref> || — || 34 || 15 || 3 || 12 || 29 || 26 || —<ref name=billboardbubbling100>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/music/shakira/chart-history/bubbling-under-hot-100|title=Shakira – Chart history (Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles)|website=Billboard|accessdate=7 August 2018}}</ref> || 6 | * PROMUSICAE: Gold<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1479-3373-shakira-lo-hecho-esta-hecho-con-pitbull|title = Shakira - Did It Again (featuring Pitbull)|date = |accessdate = 10 July 2014|website = |publisher = PROMUSICAE|last = |first = |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170923193832/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1479-3373-shakira-lo-hecho-esta-hecho-con-pitbull|archive-date = 23 September 2017|dead-url = yes|df = dmy-all|archivedate = 2017-09-23|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170923193832/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1479-3373-shakira-lo-hecho-esta-hecho-con-pitbull}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Give It Up to Me" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Lil Wayne]])</span> | —<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20100205-0000/issue1041.pdf|title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 8 February 2010|publisher=[[Pandora Archive]]|accessdate=20 August 2015}}</ref> || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 29 || — | * RIAA: Gold<ref name="uscert" /> |- ! scope="row"| "Gypsy" | rowspan="3"| 2010 | — || 40 || — || 7 || — || 1 || 3 || 12 || — || 65 || 6 | * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=gypsymexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2011|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=265914703533148&set=a.249543541836931.1073741834.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-h-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-prn2%2F1470180_265914703533148_1761131418_n.jpg&size=591%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1479-4253-shakira-gitana-gypsy-spanish-version|title = Shakira - Gitana (Gypsy Spanish Version)|date = |accessdate = 10 July 2014|website = |publisher = PROMUSICAE|last = |first = |archivedate = 2016-04-14|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160414070736/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-1479-4253-shakira-gitana-gypsy-spanish-version}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Freshlyground]])</span> | 32 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || — || 1 || 1 || 21 || 38 || 2 | * SNEP: Platinum<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * FIMI: 6× Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * BVMI: 5× Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name=wakamexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2012|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=238101922981093&set=a.237164359741516.1073741828.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xaf1%2Ft1.0-9%2F1044279_238101922981093_870149616_n.png&size=592%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 6× Platinum<ref name=wakaspacert>{{cite web|title=Shakira featuring Freshlyground - Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)|url=http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-2345-4256-shakira-featuring-freshlyground-waka-waka-esto-es-africa|publisher=PROMUSICAE|accessdate=4 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710105251/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-2345-4256-shakira-featuring-freshlyground-waka-waka-esto-es-africa|archive-date=10 July 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all|archivedate=2014-07-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710105251/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-2345-4256-shakira-featuring-freshlyground-waka-waka-esto-es-africa}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: 3× Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: Platinum<ref name="ukcerts" /> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="uscert" /> | ''Listen Up! The Official 2010 FIFA World Cup Album'' |- ! scope="row"| "Loca" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[El Cata]] / [[Dizzee Rascal]])</span> | — || 1 || 2 || 6 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || — || 32 || 1 | * BVMI: Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * FIMI: 2× Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name=locamexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2012|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=238101942981091&set=a.237164359741516.1073741828.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-f-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xfa1%2Ft1.0-9%2F1012663_238101942981091_1542728844_n.png&size=592%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 2× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-2686-4923-shakira-el-cata-loca-feat-el-cata|title = Shakira - Loca (feat. El Cata)|date = |accessdate = 10 July 2014|website = |publisher = PROMUSICAE|last = |first = |archivedate = 2016-04-14|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160414065006/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-2686-4923-shakira-el-cata-loca-feat-el-cata}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> | rowspan="4"| ''Sale el Sol'' |- ! scope="row"| "Sale el Sol" | rowspan="4"| 2011 | — || —<ref name=saleultratip>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Sale el Sol|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/song/b9031/Shakira-Sale-el-sol|publisher=Ultratop (Wallonia)|accessdate=11 July 2014|language=French}}</ref>}} || — || — || — || 1 || 8 || — || — || — || 10 | * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=salemexsinglecert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2011|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=265914760199809&set=a.249543541836931.1073741834.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-c-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-prn2%2Ft1%2F1466140_265914760199809_2044560766_n.jpg&size=591%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: Gold<ref name=2011spacerts>{{cite web|url = http://promusicae.es/files/listasanuales/canciones/Top%2050%20CANCIONES%20ANUAL%202011.pdf|title = Top 50 Canciones Anual 2011|date = |accessdate = 10 July 2014|website = |publisher = PROMUSICAE|last = |first = |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130621062532/http://promusicae.es/files/listasanuales/canciones/Top%2050%20CANCIONES%20ANUAL%202011.pdf|archivedate = 21 June 2013|language = Spanish}}</ref> * RIAA: Platinum ({{small|[[RIAA certification#Singles|Latin]]}})</span><ref name="uscert" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Rabiosa (song)|Rabiosa]]" <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring El Cata or [[Pitbull (rapper)|Pitbull]])</span> | — || 5 || 6 || 26 || 6 || — || 1 || 3 || — || — || 8 | * FIMI: Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum<ref name=rabiosamexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2012|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=238101896314429&set=a.237164359741516.1073741828.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-a-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-xaf1%2Ft1.0-9%2F1000463_238101896314429_711410338_n.png&size=592%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: Platinum<ref name=2011spacerts /> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> |- ! scope="row"| "[[Antes de las Seis]]" | — || — || — || — || — || 14 || — || — || — || — || 21 | * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=antesmexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2013|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=270606023064016&set=a.270603673064251.1073741837.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-frc3%2Ft1%2F1533912_270606023064016_2073546030_n.jpg&size=591%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Je l'aime à mourir" | — || 1 || 1 || — || — || — || 39 || 18 || — || — || — | * SNEP: Gold<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> | ''Live from Paris'' |- ! scope="row"| "Addicted to You" | 2012 | — || 18 || 15 || — || — || 1 || 14 || 70 || — || — || 9 | * AMPROFON: Platinum<ref name=addictedmexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2013|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=270603759730909&set=a.270603673064251.1073741837.167176543406965&type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Ffbcdn-sphotos-e-a.akamaihd.net%2Fhphotos-ak-prn2%2F1485091_270603759730909_367114954_n.jpg&size=592%2C710|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> | ''Sale el Sol'' |- ! scope="row"| "Can't Remember to Forget You" <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Rihanna]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2014 | 18 || 6 || 5 || 8 || 13 || 6 || 2 || 7 || 11 || 15 || 6 | * ARIA: Gold<ref name="aust2014singlescert">{{cite web |title=ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2014 Singles |url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2014.htm |publisher=ARIA |accessdate=9 July 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6QbWDqX3X?url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2014.htm |archivedate=25 June 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref> * BVMI: Gold<ref name=germancerts /> * FIMI: Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * AMPROFON: Platinum<ref name=remembermexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones Mensuales 2014|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=294029080721710&set=ms.292030997588185.292097590914859.294029074055044.294029080721710.294029070721711.294029104055041.294029110721707.294029117388373.294029134055038.294029144055037.294029150721703.bps.a.271393712985247&type=1&theater|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=10 July 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> * BPI: Silver<ref name="ukcerts" /> | rowspan="3"| ''Shakira'' |- ! scope="row"| "Empire" | — || —<ref name=empireultratip>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Empire|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/song/132839/Shakira-Empire|publisher=Ultratop (Wallonia)|accessdate=11 July 2014|language=French}}</ref> || 82 || — || — || — || 29 || — || 25 || 58 || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name=uscert /> |- ! scope="row"| "Dare (La La La)" <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Carlinhos Brown]])</span> | — || 3 || 11 || 12 || 3 || 1 || 2 || 3 || — || 53 || — | * BVMI: Gold<ref name=germancerts /> * FIMI: Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=daremexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificados Musicales Amprofon's photos|url=https://www.facebook.com/CertificacionesAmprofon/photos/pb.167176543406965.-2207520000.1407328899./311160285675256/?type=3&theater|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=6 August 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref> {{small|("Dare (La La La)")}} * AMPROFON: Gold<ref name=lalalamexcert>{{cite web|title=Certificaciones 2014|url=https://www.facebook.com/CertificacionesAmprofon/photos/a.351096938348257.1073741841.167176543406965/351098775014740/?type=3&src=https%3A%2F%2Fscontent-a-cdg.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fhphotos-xaf1%2Fv%2Ft1.0-9%2F10922511_351098775014740_7913874590396434526_n.png%3Foh%3D6afd8bb04c91ce99161d6c8250e7b249%26oe%3D5565C6E6&size=589%2C709&fbid=351098775014740|publisher=AMPROFON|accessdate=13 January 2015|date=13 January 2015}}</ref> {{small|("La La La (Brazil 2014)")}} * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> * RIAA: Platinum<ref name=uscert /> |- ! scope="row"| "Try Everything" | rowspan="3"| 2016 | 57 || —<ref name=tryultratip>{{cite web|title=Shakira - Try Everything|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/song/170c78/Shakira-Try-Everything|publisher=Ultratop (Wallonia)|accessdate=16 March 2016|language=French}}</ref>}} || 43 || 54 || — || — || 32 || 55 || 186 || 63 || — | * RIAA: Platinum<ref name="uscert" /> | ''Zootopia'' |- ! scope="row"| "La Bicicleta"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]])</span> | — || —<ref name=biciultratip>{{cite web|title=Carlos Vives & Shakira - La bicicleta|url=http://www.ultratop.be/fr/song/17c751/Carlos-Vives-&-Shakira-La-bicicleta|publisher=Ultratop (Wallonia)|accessdate=16 March 2016|language=French}}</ref>}} || 30 || — || 75 || 1 || 1 || 54 || — || 95 || 2 | * SNEP: Gold<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * FIMI: Platinum<ref name="italiancerts" /> * PROMUSICAE: 7× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-12544-22111-carlos-vives-and-shakira-la-bicicleta|title=Carlos Vives & Shakira - La Bicicleta|publisher=Portal de Música|accessdate=January 11, 2018|language=es|archivedate=2018-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202043850/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-12544-22111-carlos-vives-and-shakira-la-bicicleta}}</ref> * RIAA: 17× Platinum ({{small|[[RIAA certification#Singles|Latin]]}})</span><ref name="uscert" /> | ''Vives'' and ''El Dorado'' |- ! scope="row"| "Chantaje"<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/latin/7556765/shakira-new-single-chantaje-maluma | title=Shakira Announces New Single 'Chantaje' Feat. Maluma | publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | date=25 October 2016 | accessdate=26 October 2016 | author=Flores, Griselda}}</ref><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]])</span> | — || 19 || 13 || 20 || 11 || 1 || 1 || 10 || — || 51 || 1 * BEA: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/goud-platina/2017/singles|title=Shakira feat. Maluma - Chantaje|date=15 September 2017|accessdate=10 September 2017|publisher=Ultratop}}</ref> * BVMI: Gold<ref name="germancerts" /> * SNEP: Diamond<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * FIMI: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.fimi.it/certificazioni#/category:tutte/year:2017/page:0/term:Shakira|title = Shakira feat. Maluma - Chantaje|date = |accessdate = 21 August 2017|publisher = FIMI|archive-date = 2018-01-16|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081416/http://www.fimi.it/certificazioni#/category:tutte/year:2017/page:0/term:Shakira|url-status = dead}}</ref> * PROMUSICAE: 5x Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-13447-23429-shakira-feat-maluma-chantaje|title = Shakira feat. Maluma - Chantaje|date = |accessdate = 30 November 2016|publisher = PROMUSICAE|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161201014026/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-13447-23429-shakira-feat-maluma-chantaje|archive-date = 1 December 2016|dead-url = yes|df = dmy-all|archivedate = 2016-12-01|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161201014026/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-13447-23429-shakira-feat-maluma-chantaje}}</ref> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> * RIAA: 16× Platinum </span><ref name="uscert" /> | ''El Dorado'' |- ! scope="row"| "Deja Vu"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Prince Royce]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2017 | — || — || 106 || — || — || — || 4 || 92 || — || — || 4 | * PROMUSICAE: Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-14127-24610-prince-royce-y-shakira-deja-vu|title = Prince Royce & Shakira - Deja Vu|date = |accessdate = 14 June 2017|publisher = PROMUSICAE|archivedate = 2017-11-02|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20171102000034/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-14127-24610-prince-royce-y-shakira-deja-vu}}</ref> * RIAA: 7× Platinum </span><ref name="uscert" /> | ''[[Five (Prince Royce album)|Five]]'' and ''El Dorado'' |- ! scope="row"| "Me Enamoré"<ref name=sonymusiclatin>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonymusiclatin.com/shakira-estrena-su-nuevo-sencillo-enamore/|title=Shakira estrena su nuevo sencillo "Me Enamoré"|accessdate=7 April 2017|date=7 April 2017|language=Spanish|trans-title=Shakira release her new single "Me Enamoré"|archivedate=2018-06-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614194829/https://www.sonymusiclatin.com/shakira-estrena-su-nuevo-sencillo-enamore/}}</ref> | — || 17 || 13 || — || — || 4 || 3 || 32 || — || 83 || 4 | * FIMI: Gold<ref name="italiancerts" /> * IFPI SWI: Platinum<ref name="swisscerts" /> * SNEP: Gold<ref name="frenchcerts" /> * PROMUSICAE: 3x Platinum<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.elportaldemusica.es/canciones.php|title = Shakira - Me Enamoré|date = |accessdate = 8 September 2017|publisher = PROMUSICAE|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150830123002/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/canciones.php|archive-date = 30 August 2015|dead-url = yes|df = dmy-all|archivedate = 2014-03-20|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140320000300/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/canciones.php}}</ref> | rowspan="3"| ''El Dorado'' |- ! scope="row"| "Perro Fiel"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Nicky Jam]])</span> | — || — || 82 || — || — || 1 || 3<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://spanishcharts.com/weekchart.asp?cat=s&year=2017&date=20170604|title=Top 50 Singles — Semana 22: del 26.05.2017 al 01.06.2017|publisher=spanishcharts.com|language=Spanish|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> || 62 || — || 100 || 6 | * FIMI: Gold<ref name="italiancerts" /> * IFPI SWI: Gold<ref name="swisscerts" /> * PROMUSICAE: 3x Platinum<ref name="spacert">{{cite web|url=http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-14442-25809-shakira-nicky-jam-perro-fiel|title=Shakira feat. Nicky Jam - Perro Fiel|publisher=PROMUSICAE|accessdate=28 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209135119/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-14442-25809-shakira-nicky-jam-perro-fiel|archive-date=9 December 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all|archivedate=2017-12-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209135119/http://www.elportaldemusica.es/cancion-14442-25809-shakira-nicky-jam-perro-fiel}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Trap"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]])</span> | rowspan="3"| 2018 | — || — || — || — || — || 35 || — || — || — || — || 17 | |- ! scope="row"| "Clandestino"<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<!-- Cover art says "Shakira & Maluma" -->with [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]])</span> | — || —{ || 79 || — || 76<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fimi.it/classifiche#/category:digital/id:2705|title=Top Singoli – Classifica settimanale WK 24|publisher=[[Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana]]|language=Italian|accessdate=16 June 2018}}</ref> || 1 || 13<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.promusicae.es/listas/semana/3809-canciones-semana-33-2018|title=Top 100 Canciones – Semana 33: del 10.08.2018 al 16.08.2018|publisher=[[Productores de Música de España]]|accessdate=August 21, 2018|language=Spanish|format=PDF}}</ref> || 32 || — || —{} || 7 | | ''El Dora2'' |- ! scope="row"| "Nada" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 47 || | rowspan="1"| ''El Dorado'' |} == Tuzo == ===ALMA Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara tano.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almaawards.com/index.html |title=ALMA Awards Official Site |work=Alma |publisher=[[National Council of La Raza]] |accessdate=2009-09-27 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104072256/http://almaawards.com/index.html |archivedate=2010-01-04 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Odd_News/2002/04/17/Nominees-for-2002-ALMA-Awards/UPI-18701019085817/ |title= ALMA Awards 2002 Nominations|work=[[UPI]]|date=2002-04-12|accessdate=2009-10-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://popdirt.com/ricky-christina-shakira-jlo-win-alma-awards/4547/|title=ALMA Awards 2002 Winners|work=Popdirt|date=2002-05-19|accessdate=2009-10-01|archivedate=2014-03-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301075709/http://popdirt.com/ricky-christina-shakira-jlo-win-alma-awards/4547/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/story/shakira-the-big-winner-at-alma-awards_08_05_2006|title= Shakira - Shakira The Big Winner At Alma Awards|work=Contactmusic.com|date=2006-05-08|accessdate=2010-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/latino/2008/08/18/2008-08-18_america_ferrera_shakira_honored_at_alma_.html|title=America Ferrera, Shakira honored at ALMA Awards|work=Nydailynew|accessdate=2010-11-07|date=2008-08-18|location=New York|archivedate=2008-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827130216/http://www.nydailynews.com/latino/2008/08/18/2008-08-18_america_ferrera_shakira_honored_at_alma_.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/17972-shakira-and-sofia-vergara-nominated-for-alma-awards.html|title=Shakira and Sofia Vergara nominated for ALMA Awards|work=Colombiareports|accessdate=2011-07-30|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7mT0DBB?url=http://colombiareports.com/shakira-and-sofia-vergara-nominated-for-alma-awards/}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2002 | Shakira | Outstanding Female Performer,Female |{{won}} |- | "Laundry Service" | Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | "Whenever, Wherever" | Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2006 | Shakira | Outstanding Female Performer,Female |{{won}} |- | "Fijacion Oral Vol. 1" | Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2008 | Shakira | Humanitarian Award |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2011 | Shakira | Best Female Artist In Music |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===American Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara tano.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2001/amas.htm|title=2001 American Music Awards |work=Rock on the Net|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2002/amas.htm|title=2002 American Music Awards |work=Rock on the Net|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2003/amas.htm|title=2003 American Music Awards |work=Rock on the Net|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2005/amas.htm|title=2005 American Music Awards |work=Rock on the Net|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2006/amas.htm|title=2006 American Music Awards |work=Rock on the Net|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/13023-shakira-favorite-latin-artist-at-ama.html|title=Shakira 'Favorite Latin Artist' at AMA|work=Colombia Reports|accessdate=2010-11-23|archivedate=2010-11-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125024202/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/13023-shakira-favorite-latin-artist-at-ama.html}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2001 | rowspan="8" align="center"| Shakira | Favorite Latin Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2002 | Favorite Latin Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |- | align="center"|2003 | Favorite Latin Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2005 | Favorite Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2006 | Favorite Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2010 | Favorite Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2012 | Favorite Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2017 | Favorite Latin Artist |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Bambi Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bambi.de/flash/#bambi,laureates|title=BAMBI Gala at the sign of the Wall|language=german|publisher=Bambi|accessdate=2009-11-27|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127135739/http://www.bambi.de/flash/#bambi,laureates|archivedate=2010-01-27|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6AB3ZC20101112|title=Orlando Bloom, Beth Ditto win German Bambi Awards|publisher=Bambi|work=Reuters|accessdate=2010-11-18|date=2010-11-12}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2009 | Shakira | International Pop Artist |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2010 | Shakira | International Pop Artist |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===BET Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2007 | Beautiful Liar (pamoja na [[Beyonce]]) | BET Award for Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Billboard Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara saba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/60427/50-cent-green-day-reap-major-billboard-music-awards|title=50 Cent, Green Day Reap Major Billboard Music Awards|work=''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''|publisher=[[Nielsen Company|Nielsen Business Media, Inc.]] |accessdate=2017-07-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lamb|first=Bill|date=|url=http://top40.about.com/od/awards/a/billboardma2006.htm|title=Billboard Music Awards 2006 Nominations|work=[[About.com]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|accessdate=2009-10-26|archivedate=2013-04-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425081027/http://top40.about.com/od/awards/a/billboardma2006.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/472097/full-2011-billboard-music-awards-finalists-list|title=Billboard Music Awards 2011 Nominations|work=Billboard|accessdate=2011-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/471671/justin-bieber-wins-billboardcom-fan-favorite-award|title=Vote for the Billboard.com Fan Favorite Award |work=Billboard|accessdate=2011-05-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|url=http://abc.go.com/shows/billboard-music-awards-2011|title=all about The 2011 Billboard Music Awards|work=Billboard|accessdate=2011-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/492663/2012-billboard-music-awards-finalists-complete-list|title=2012 Billboard Music Awards Finalists: Complete List|work=Billboard|accessdate=2012-04-20}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/bbma/8343598/billboard-music-awards-2018-nominations-list |title=Billboard Music Awards 2018 Nominations: See the Full List |work=Billboard |access-date=April 17, 2018}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="2" align="center"|Shakira | Top Pop Artist - Female |Aliteuliwa |- |Top Billboard 200 Album Artist - Female |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2005 | "Fijación Oral Vol. 1" | Latin Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"La Tortura" | Latin Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Latin Album Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="3" |"Hips Don't Lie" | Pop Single of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Top Pop 100 Airplay Track |{{won}} |- | Top Hot 100 Single |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | Top Billboard 200 Album Artist - Female |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="8" align="center"|2011 | "Gypsy" | Top Latin Song |Aliteuliwa |- | "Loca featuring El Cata" | Top Latin Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Top Streaming Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | Top Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | Fan Favorite Award |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |"Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Top Latin Song |{{won}} |- | Top Streaming Song (Video) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Sale el Sol" | Top Latin Album |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Top Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | Top Social Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2013 | rowspan="1" |Shakira | Top Latin Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2017 | "Chantaje" pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]] | rowspan="2" | Top Latin Song |Aliteuliwa |- | "[[La Bicicleta]]" pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]] | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2018 | "El Dorado" | rowspan="1" | Top Latin Album |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===BMI Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara ishirini na moja.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/232828| title=BMI Latin Awards 2000| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/232949| title=BMI Latin Awards 2001| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534443| title=BMI Latin Awards 2002| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534430| title=BMI Latin Awards 2003| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534434| title=BMI Pop Awards 2003| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534370| title=BMI Latin Awards 2004| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534275| title=BMI Urban Awards 2006| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534665| title=2007 BMI Latin Awards: Song List| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534983| title=2007 BMI Pop Awards: Song List| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/537308| title=2008 BMI London Awards Winning Songs| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/534664| title=Los Tigres Del Norte Honored as Icons at 14th Annual BMI Latin Music Awards| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/547404| title=BMI Latin Awards 2010 Winners List| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/550769| title=BMI Latin Awards 2011 Winners List| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2011-03-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/carlos_vives_and_top_latin_writers_honored_at_annual_bmi_latin_music_awards| title=BMI Latin Awards 2014 Winners List| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2014-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/2018-bmi-latin-music-awards| title=Global Superstars Luis Fonsi and Residente Honored at the 25th Annual BMI Latin Awards| publisher=BMI| author=| date=| accessdate=2018-04-20}}</ref> ====BMI Latin Awards==== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2000 | Shakira | BMI Award - Songwriter of the Year <ref>https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/20020327shakira_multi_cultural_influences_help_shakira_shake_up_the_pop</ref> |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Ciega, Sordomuda" | rowspan="8" |Winning Songs |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Tú" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Inevitable" |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2001 | "No Creo" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | "Ojo Asi" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2003 | "Suerte" |{{won}} |- | "Te Aviso, Te Anuncio (Tango)" |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2004 | "Que Me Quedes Tú" |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2006 | "Hips Don't Lie" | BMI Urban Award - Billboard No. 1s |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="3"|"La Tortura" | Latin Ringtone of the Year |{{won}} |- | Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="8"| Winning Songs |{{won}} |- | "No" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="1"|"Las de la Intuición" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="1"|"Loba" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Lo Hecho Está Hecho" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="1"|"Addicted to You" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2018 | rowspan="1"|"Chantaje" |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"La Bicicleta" |{{won}} {{end}} ====BMI Pop Awards==== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2003 | "Whenever, Wherever " | rowspan="3"|Winning Songs |{{won}} |- | "Underneath Your Clothes" |{{won}} |- |2007 | "Hips Don't Lie" |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Brit Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara mbili.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/music/newsid_2655000/2655167.stm|title=The Brit Awards 2003 nominations |work=[[BBC News]]|publisher=[[British Phonographic Industry]]|date=2003-01-13|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2003 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Brit Award for International Breakthrough Act |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2010 | Brit Award for International Female Solo Artist |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===Crystal Award=== {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2017 | rowspan="1" |Shakira | Crystal award winner |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Echo Awards=== Shakira amepokea tuzo moja, na kuteuliwa mara nane.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQ8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=echo+german+music+awards+2003+shakira&source=bl&ots=vvuWqya60E&sig=z86Z8y-_sLQX64UyJCdjAQORusQ&hl=en&ei=kHvxSoXyAofg7AOm_9C7Bg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=&f=false|title=2003 ECHO Music Awards Winners|date= 2003-03-15|accessdate=2009-11-27 |work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4642974-1.html|title=Newsline...|date= 2003-02-08|accessdate=2010-02-04 |work=Allbusiness|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shakiraisabel.com/html/news.html|title=Echo Awards 2006|date=2006-03-15|accessdate=2009-12-22|work=shakiraisabel.com|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029221149/http://www.shakiraisabel.com/html/news.html|archive-date=2010-10-29|dead-url=yes|df=|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7mygUeP?url=http://ww1.shakiraisabel.com/html/news.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uruguayo-libaneses.org.s48488.gridserver.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=18&Itemid=112|title=Shakira has added India, Portugal and Egypt to the list of countries|date=|accessdate=2010-02-04|work=Uruguayo-libaneses.org|publisher=|archivedate=2022-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608095334/http://uruguayo-libaneses.org.s48488.gridserver.com/index.php?option=com_content}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4394705-1.html|title=Silbermond Leads Germany's Echo Nominations|date= |accessdate=2010-02-04 |work=Allbusiness|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com/2011/02/03/music_ava_shakira,-take-that-y_03A5102691.shtml|title=Shakira, Take That y Bon Jovi candidatos a los premios Echo|language=spanish|accessdate=2011-02-12 |work=Eluniversal|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/global/adele-bruno-mars-black-eyed-peas-among-nominees-1005069252.story|title=Adele, Bruno Mars, Black Eyed Peas Among Nominees for Germany's Echo Awards|accessdate=2011-02-12|work=|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7n0I9Wo?url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1178902/adele-bruno-mars-black-eyed-peas-among-nominees-for-germanys-echo|https://www.webcitation.org/6I7n0I9Wo?url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1178902/adele-bruno-mars-black-eyed-peas-among-nominees-for-germanys-echo|=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7n0I9Wo?url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1178902/adele-bruno-mars-black-eyed-peas-among-nominees-for-germanys-echo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Die Helene-Fischer-Festspiele haben begonnen' |trans-title='The Helene Fischer festival has begun' |language=German |publisher=[[Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg]] |work=RBB online |first=Ula |last=Brunner |date=27 March 2015 |accessdate=12 April 2015 |url=http://www.rbb-online.de/kultur/beitrag/2015/03/musikpreis-echo-2015.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20150330121504/http://www.rbb-online.de/kultur/beitrag/2015/03/musikpreis-echo-2015.html |archivedate=30 March 2015 |df= |=https://archive.today/20150330121504/http://www.rbb-online.de/kultur/beitrag/2015/03/musikpreis-echo-2015.html }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2003 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Best International Female Artist |{{won}} |- | Best International Newcomer |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|"Whenever, Wherever" | Best International Single |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1" align="center"|2006 |rowspan="1"|Shakira | Best International Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="1" |Shakira | Best International Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"|"Hips Don't Lie" | Best International Single |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | Shakira | Best International Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | "Waka Waka (This Time For Africa)" | Hit Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2015 | Shakira | Best International Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Fonogram Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara mbili.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2011-09-22|url=http://www.fonogram.hu/?menu=nyertesek_2011|title =Fonogram Awards 2011 - Nominees|publisher=[[Mahasz]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2011-09-22|url=http://www.fonogram.hu/?menu=jeloltek_2003|title =Fonogram Awards 2011- Nominees|publisher=[[Mahasz]]}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2003|| ''Laundry Service''||Fonogram Award for International Modern Pop/Rock Album || Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2011|| ''Sale El Sol''||Fonogram Award for International Modern Pop/Rock Album || Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Fortune World's Greatest Leader=== {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2017|| ''Mwenyewe''||The World's 50 Greatest Leader || 27th |- {{end}} ===Golden Globe Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="1"|"Despedida" | Best Original Song |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Grammy Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara tatu.<ref name="Shakira discography">{{cite web|url=http://shakira.com/discography/index/album/albumId/5/tagName/Albums|title=Shakira Discography|accessdate=2010-08-31|publisher=Shakira.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223181358/http://www.shakira.com/discography/index/album/albumId/5/tagName/Albums|archive-date=2010-02-23|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223181358/http://www.shakira.com/discography/index/album/albumId/5/tagName/Albums|archivedate=2010-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalhit.com/grammy/41/nominees.shtml|title=41st Grammy Awards Nominations|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=Digitalhit|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106040250/http://www.digitalhit.com/grammy/41/nominees.shtml|archivedate=2014-01-06|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalhit.com/grammy/43/winners.shtml|title=2001 Grammy Awards winners|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=Digitalhit|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208060423/http://www.digitalhit.com/grammy/43/winners.shtml|archivedate=2012-12-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/Music/02/09/grammys.list/index.html |title=2006 Grammy Awards winners |date=2006-02-09 |accessdate=2009-11-01 |work=[[CNN]] |publisher= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5lSheSN0K?url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/Music/02/09/grammys.list/index.html |archivedate=2009-11-21 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/49th_show/list.aspx |title=2007 Grammy Awards winners |accessdate=2009-11-01 |work=[[Grammy]] |publisher=''[[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]]'' |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090710131212/http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/49th_Show/list.aspx |archivedate=2009-07-10 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2008/grammys.htm|title=2008 Grammy Awards winners|accessdate=2009-11-01 |work=Rock on the net}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|1999 | ''Dónde Están Los Ladrones?'' | Grammy Award for Best Latin Rock/Alternative Album |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2001 | ''MTV Unplugged'' | Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2006 | ''Fijación Oral Vol. 1'' |Grammy Award for Best Latin Rock/Alternative Album |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2007 | "Hips Don't Lie" <small>(pamoja na [[Wyclef Jean]])</small> |rowspan="2"|Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2008 | "Beautiful Liar" <small>(pamoja na [[Beyoncé]])</small> |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2018 | ''El Dorado'' | Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album |{{Won}} |- {{end}} ===Guinness World Records=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;" |- ! width=5%|Mwaka ! style="width:40%;"| Aliyechaguliwa ! style="width:45%;"| Tuzo ! style="width:10%;"| Matokeo !Marejeo |- |2005 | Fijación Oral, Vol. 1 |the best-selling Spanish album in the US for the first week of all time (makalaː 157,000) |{{Won}} |<ref name="dailymail_3048981">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-3048981/I-decided-chill-Shakira-beams-pride-lays-couch-newly-framed-Guinness-World-Record-triumphs.html</ref> |- |2005 |La Tortura |The best-selling Spanish single of all time |{{Won}} |<ref name="dailymail_3048981"/> |- |2010 |Waka Waka (This Time for Africa) |First 3D music video released by [[Sony Music]] |{{Won}} |<ref>http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/search/applicationrecordsearch?term=shakira&contentType=record&page=1</ref> |- |2015 | Shakira |The first person in the world to get 100m likes on Facebook<br/>Most likes for a musician on Facebook <br/>Most liked Female on Facebook |{{Won}} |<ref name="guinnessworldrecords.com">http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2014/7/shakira-sets-new-facebook-world-record-after-reaching-100-million-likes-58881/</ref> |- |2017 | Shakira |Most Facebook engagements for a female solo musician |{{Won}} |<ref name="guinnessworldrecords.com"/> |- |2018 | Shakira |Most [[Latin Grammys]] wins by a female artist |{{Won}} |<ref>https://twitter.com/GWR/status/1033024446699905026</ref> |- |} ===Harvard Foundation Artist of the Year=== The [[Harvard Foundation]], Harvard’s center for intercultural arts and sciences initiatives, honors the world’s most acclaimed artists, scientists, and leaders each year. Shakira has been named the artist of the year in 2011. “Her contributions to music and distinguished history of creativity have been applauded by people throughout the world, and she is greatly admired worldwide for her humanitarian efforts through her [[Barefoot Foundation]].” said [[S. Allen Counter]], director of the Harvard Foundation.<ref>http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/02/shakira-named-artist-of-the-year/</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2011 | Shakira | Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Heat Latin Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2015 | Shakira | Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Hollywood Walk of Fame=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;" |- ! width=5%|Year ! style="width:40%;"| Aliyetuzwa ! style="width:45%;"| Tuzo ! style="width:10%;"| Matokeo ! style="width:5%;"| Marejeo |- |2011 |Shakira |Star on [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] |{{won}} |<center><ref>http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-11-09/shakira-walk-of-fame/3654926</ref></center> |} ===iHeartRadio Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2018 | Shakira | Latin Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | El Dorado | Latin Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2019 | Clandestino | Latin Song of the Year<ref>https://www.eonline.com/news/1003299/2019-iheartradio-music-awards-nominations-the-complete-list</ref> |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===International Dance Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo mbili.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/idmawinners2003.htm |title=Winners of International Dance Music Awards 2003 |accessdate=2009-10-27 |work=IDMA |publisher=[[Winter Music Conference]] |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421061035/http://www.wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/idmawinners2003.htm |archivedate=2008-04-21 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dancemusic.about.com/od/conference/a/IDMAWinAnn.htm|title=Winners of International Dance Music Awards 2006|accessdate=2009-10-27|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|archivedate=2013-09-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928141513/http://dancemusic.about.com/od/conference/a/IDMAWinAnn.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Slomowicz|first=DJ Ron|url=http://dancemusic.about.com/od/conference/a/IDMA2k7Winners.htm|title=Winners of International Dance Music Awards 2007|accessdate=2009-10-02|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|archivedate=2013-05-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524072151/http://dancemusic.about.com/od/conference/a/IDMA2k7Winners.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Slomowicz|first=DJ Ron|url=http://dancemusic.about.com/od/intldancemusicawards/a/2010_International_Dance_Music_Awards_25th_Annual_Nominees_and_Winners.htm|title=2010 International Dance Music Awards at WMC - Nominees Announced|accessdate=2010-02-03|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68EhoUSei?url=http://dancemusic.about.com/od/intldancemusicawards/a/2010_International_Dance_Music_Awards_25th_Annual_Nominees_and_Winners.htm|archivedate=2012-06-07|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.wintermusicconference.com/idmaballot/nominees/2010.php|title=2010 International Dance Music Awards|accessdate=2010-03-27|work=WMC|publisher=Winter music conference|archivedate=2010-03-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318035945/http://www.wintermusicconference.com/idmaballot/nominees/2010.php}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.wintermusicconference.com/idmaballot/nominees/|title=2011 International Dance Music Awards|accessdate=2011-01-29|work=WMC|publisher=Winter music conference|archivedate=2011-02-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110214015113/http://www.wintermusicconference.com/idmaballot/nominees/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/index.php?wmcyear=2012#idmanominees|title=2012 International Dance Music Awards|accessdate=2012-02-01|work=WMC|publisher=Winter music conference|archivedate=2012-01-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120129012626/http://wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/index.php?wmcyear=2012#idmanominees}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/index.php?wmcyear=2013#idmanominees|title=2013 International Dance Music Awards|accessdate=2013-02-01|work=WMC|publisher=Winter music conference|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023731/http://www.wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/index.php?wmcyear=2013#idmanominees}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/index.php?wmcyear=2015#idmanominees|title=2015 International Dance Music Awards|accessdate=2015-02-27|work=WMC|publisher=Winter music conference|archivedate=2017-04-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406132231/http://wintermusicconference.com/events/idmas/index.php?wmcyear=2015#idmanominees}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2003 | "Objection" | Best Latin Track |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2006 | "La tortura" | Best Latin Track |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2007 | "Hips Don't Lie" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2010 | "She Wolf" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | "Loca" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |Aliteuliwa |- | "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2012 | " Rabiosa" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2013 | " Addicted to You" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2015 | " Dare (La La La)" | Best Latin/Reggaeton Track |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Juno Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4606328-1.html|title=Nominees of 2003 Juno Awards|date=2003-02-12|accessdate=2003-02-12|work=Allbusiness|publisher=''Billboard''|archivedate=2009-04-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429175809/http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4606328-1.html}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2003 | "Laundry Service" | Juno Award for International Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} === Latin American Music Awards === Shakira ameteuliwa mara 16.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/889590/latin-american-music-awards-2017-complete-list-of-winners|title=Latin American Music Awards 2017: Complete List of Winners|work=E! Online|access-date=2017-10-27|language=en-US}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2015 | rowspan="2" |Mi Verdad pamoja na [[Maná]] | Favorite Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- | Favorite Song Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2016 | rowspan="1" |Shakira | Favorite Female Artist Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="9" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Favorite Female Artist Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3" | Chantaje pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]] |Favorite Song Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- |Favorite Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2" |Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2" |Deja Vu pamoja na [[Prince Royce]] |{{Won}} |- |Favorite Song Tropical |{{Won}} |- |rowspan="2" | El Dorado | Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Favorite Album Pop/Rock |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2018 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Favorite Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Favourite Artist - Pop |Aliteuliwa |- |Perro Fiel (pamoja na [[Nicky Jam]]) |Favorite Song - Pop |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} === Lo Nuestro Awards === Shakira ameshinda mara 25. {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|1997 | rowspan="2"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|New Pop Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Estoy Aquí" |rowspan="1"| Pop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |"Pies Descalzos, Sueños Blancos" |rowspan="1"| Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|''Pies Descalzos'' |rowspan="1"| Pop Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|1999 | rowspan="1"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2"|"Ciega, Sordomuda" |rowspan="1"| Pop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"| Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|''Dónde Están los Ladrones?'' |rowspan="1"| Pop Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2000 | rowspan="1"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2001 | rowspan="2"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Pop Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"| Rock Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|''MTV Unplugged'' |rowspan="1"| Rock Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="1"|''Laundry Service'' |rowspan="1"| People Choice Pop/Rock |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2003 | rowspan="2"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1"|Popular Rock Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Suerte" |rowspan="1"| Pop Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2004 | rowspan="1"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Que Me Quedes Tu" |rowspan="1"| Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="1"|Shakira & Alejandro Sanz |rowspan="1"| Best Duo or Group |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"La Tortura" <small>(pamoja na [[Alejandro Sanz]])</small> |rowspan="1"| Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"No" |rowspan="1"| Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|''Fijación Oral Vol. 1'' |rowspan="1"| Pop Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="1"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="1"|"Loba" |rowspan="1"| Video of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="1"|Shakira |rowspan="1"| Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Lo Hecho Está Hecho" |rowspan="1"| Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="6" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Rabiosa" <small>(pamoja na [[Pitbull (rapper)|Pitbull]])</small> |rowspan="1"| Collaboration of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|"Rabiosa" <small>(pamoja na [[El Cata]])</small> |rowspan="2"| Pop Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Sale el Sol" |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|''Sale el Sol'' |rowspan="1"| Pop Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2013 | rowspan="3"| Shakira |rowspan="3"| Pop Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2015 |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2016 |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2"|"Mi Verdad" <small>(pamoja na [[Maná]])</small> | Pop Song |Aliteuliwa |- | Collaboration of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="3"|"[[La Bicicleta]]" <small>(pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]])</small> | Tropical Song |{{won}} |- | Single of the Year |{{won}} |- | Video of the Year |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica=== Shakira ameshinda mara 12.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtv.com/onair/vma_la/2002/|title= MTV Premios MTV Latinoamérica 2002|accessdate= 2010-11-07|publisher= [[MTV]]|archive-date= 2012-08-18|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120818221556/http://www.mtv.com/onair/vma_la/2002/|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtv.com/onair/vmala/2005/|title= Mtv Video Music Awards Latinoamerica|accessdate= 2010-11-07|publisher= MTV|archive-date= 2012-11-05|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121105211659/http://www.mtv.com/onair/vmala/2005/|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Chris|last=Harris|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1508870/20050902/story.jhtml|title=Shakira Leads Nominees For MTV Latin America VMAs|date=2005-09-02|accessdate=2009-12-25|work=|publisher=MTV|archive-date=2012-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104190614/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1508870/shakira-leads-nominees-mtv-latin-america-vmas.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.diversica.com/tv/archivos/2006/10/se-entregaron-los-premios-mtv-latinoamerica-2006.php|title=Winners of 2006 Premios MTV Latinoamérica|date=2006-10-18|accessdate=2009-10-31|work=Diversica|publisher=Universia Argentina|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121208160700/http://www.diversica.com/tv/archivos/2006/10/se-entregaron-los-premios-mtv-latinoamerica-2006.php|archivedate=2012-12-08|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hispanicprwire.com/print.php?l=in&id=9445|title=Belinda Tops ‘Los Premios MTV Latinoamerica 2007’ With Five Nominations|accessdate=2009-10-31|work=Hispanicprwire|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125135209/http://www.hispanicprwire.com/print.php?l=in&id=9445|archive-date=2013-01-25|dead-url=yes|df=|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7nGv8zD?url=http://www.hispanicprwire.com/print.php?l=in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ilich|first=Tijana|date=|url=http://latinmusic.about.com/od/musicawards/a/ARTMTV2009.htm|title=MTV Latin America Award Winners 2009|accessdate=2009-10-31|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002064152/http://latinmusic.about.com/od/musicawards/a/ARTMTV2009.htm|archivedate=2011-10-02|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://masguau.com/2009/10/12/shakira-don-tetto-y-adammo-ganadores-de-los-premios-mtv-latinoamerica-2009-gala-bogota/|title=Shakira, Don Tetto and Adamm winners Premios MTV 2009, gala Bogota|language=spanish|accessdate=2009-10-31|work=Masguau|archivedate=2009-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091015062736/http://masguau.com/2009/10/12/shakira-don-tetto-y-adammo-ganadores-de-los-premios-mtv-latinoamerica-2009-gala-bogota/}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="4"|Shakira | Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Pop Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Artist — North |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Suerte" | Video of the Year |{{won}} |- |- | rowspan="6" align="center"|2005 | rowspan="1" |"La tortura" | Video of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"No" | Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" |Shakira | Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best Female Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Pop Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Artist — Central |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2006 | "Hips Don't Lie" | Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2007 | "Te Lo Agradezco, Pero No" | Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2009 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Fashionista Award — Female |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Fan Club |Aliteuliwa |- | Agent of Change |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"Loba" | Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa {{end}} === Latin Billboard Music Awards === Shakira ameshinda tuzo 39.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lannery|first=John |date=1997-05-03|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IQ8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA28&dq=billboard+latin+music+awards+1997+shakira&ei=_2LUSpKuK5nUkgTVx7DwDQ#v=onepage&q=billboard%20latin%20music%20awards%201997%20shakira&f=false|title=Winners of 1997 Latin Billboard Music Awards |accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=oxMEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA56&dq=billboard+latin+music+awards+2001+winners&ei=AZbUSvi8GZSQlATg3PGKDg#v=onepage&q=billboard%20latin%20music%20awards%202001%20winners&f=false|title=Winners of 2001 latin Billboard Music Awards|date=2001-04-28|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Cobo|first=Lera|date=2002-05-18|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Mg8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA92&dq=billboard+latin+music+awards+2002++shakira&ei=2ZrUSqrSMI7-kQTEkLGaDg#v=onepage&q=&f=false|title=Winners of 2002 latin Billboard Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4627023-1.html|title=Nominees of 2004 latin Billboard Music Awards|date=2004-02-12|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Allbusiness|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2008-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521212304/http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4627023-1.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12521808|title=Winners of 2006 latin Billboard Music Awards|date=2006-04-27|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=MSNBC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525173119/http://www.today.com/id/12521808|archivedate=2013-05-25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ia0vEvpom0 |title=2006 Billboard Latin Music Awards -Spirit of the hope|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Youtube}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1052527/2007-billboard-latin-music-awards-winners|title=2007 Billboard Latin Music Awards Winners|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1054939/rakim-and-ken-y-top-billboard-latin-award-finalists|title=Rakim And Ken-Y Top Billboard Latin Award Finalists|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=MIA|first=|date=2008-05-05|url=http://urbancelebs.spreadit.org/billboard-latin-music-awards-2008-nomination/|title=Nominees of 2008 Billboard Latin Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-28|work=Urbancelebs.spreadit.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218144928/http://urbancelebs.spreadit.org/billboard-latin-music-awards-2008-nomination/|archive-date=2009-02-18|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218144928/http://urbancelebs.spreadit.org/billboard-latin-music-awards-2008-nomination/|archivedate=2009-02-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboardevents.com/billboardevents/latin/latin-music-awards/index.jsp |title=Nominnes & Winners of 2009 Billboard Latin Music Awards |accessdate=2009-10-28 |work=Billboardevents |publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325052242/http://www.billboardevents.com/billboardevents/latin/latin-music-awards/index.jsp |archivedate=2008-03-25 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/959417/el-bambino-wisin-yandel-lead-billboard-latin-awards-finalists|title='El Bambino,' Wisin & Yandel Lead Billboard Latin Awards Finalists|accessdate=2010-02-12|work=Billboardevents|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://msnlatino.telemundo.com/entretenimiento/Crossover/article/2011-02/2011_Latin_Billboards_Finalists_English|title=2011 Latin Billboards Finalists - English|accessdate=2011-02-12|publisher=Telemundo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/471817/enrique-iglesias-shakira-big-winners-at-billboard-latin-music-awards|title=Enrique Iglesias, Shakira Big Winners at Billboard Latin Music Awards|accessdate=2011-04-29|publisher=Billboard}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/22503-shakira-nominated-for-a-billboard-award.html|title=Shakira nominated for 10 Billboard Awards|accessdate=2012-02-29|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2012-03-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306223810/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/22503-shakira-nominated-for-a-billboard-award.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latingossip.com/awards-shows/2012-latin-billboard-award-nominees.html|title=2012 Latin Billboard Award Nominees|accessdate=2012-02-29|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2012-03-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305172140/http://www.latingossip.com/awards-shows/2012-latin-billboard-award-nominees.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://portalshakira.com.br/index.php/noticias/3506-shakira-triunfa-nos-qpremios-latin-billboardq-2012|title=Shakira triunfa nos "Premios Latin Billboard" 2012|accessdate=2012-04-27|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2017-03-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302055709/http://portalshakira.com.br/index.php/noticias/3506-shakira-triunfa-nos-qpremios-latin-billboardq-2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/latin-notas/1559645/billboard-latin-music-awards-2013-winners-list|title=Billboard Latin Music Awards 2013: Winners List|work=billboard|accessdate=2015-05-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/events/latin-awards/6069810/billboard-latin-music-awards-full-winners-list-2014-complete|title=Billboard latin music awards 2014 |accessdate=2014-05-15|publisher=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|url=http://www.latintimes.com/billboard-latin-music-awards-2015-nominations-romeo-santos-enrique-iglesias-lead-294887|title=Billboard Latin Music Awards 2015 Nominations: Romeo Santos, Enrique Iglesias Lead Finalists [FULL LIST]|work=Latimes|accessdate=2015-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/billboard-latin-music-awards-winners-2018-8390322|title=Billboard Latin Music Award Winners 2018: Complete List|website=www.billboard.com|language=en|access-date=2018-04-27}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|1997 | "Pies Descalzos" | Best Pop Album |{{won}} |- | "Un Poco de Amor" | Best Video of the Year |{{won}} |- | Shakira | Best New Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2001 | rowspan="3" |"MTV Unplugged" | Best Latino Artist with the album |{{won}} |- | Pop Album of the Year, Female |Aliteuliwa |- | Billboard 50 Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2002 | "Suerte" | Latin Pop Airplay Track of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | Viewer's Choice Award |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2003 | Shakira | Latin Tour of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2004 | "Que Me Quedes Tu" | Latin Pop Airplay Track of the Year, Female |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="9" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="4" |"La Tortura" | Latin Ringtone of the Year |{{won}} |- | Latin Pop Airplay Song of the Year - Duo or Group |{{won}} |- | Hot Latin Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Hot Latin Song of the Year-Vocal Duet or Collaboration |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Spirit of the Hope |{{won}} |- | Top Latin Album Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"No" | Latin Pop Airplay Song of the Year-Female |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Fijacion Oral Vol. 1" | Latin Pop Album-Female |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="3" |"Hips Don't Lie" | Hot Latin Songs of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Pop Airplay Song of the Year - Duo or Group |Aliteuliwa |- | Hot Latin Song of the Year-Vocal Duet or Collaboration |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |Shakira | Latin Tour of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2008 | rowspan="1" |"Te Lo Agradezco, Pero No" | Hot Latin Songs of the Year-Vocal Duet or Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|"Hips Don't Lie" | Latin Ringtone of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2009 | Shakira | Latin Digital Download Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Hot Latin Songs - Female Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Latin Pop Airplay - Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Tropical Airplay - Female Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"Loba" | Latin Pop Airplay - Song of the year |Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Digital Download - Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="13" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="7"|Shakira | Latin Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Hot Latin Songs - Female Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Top Latin Albums - Female Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Latin Pop Airplay - Solo Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Latin Pop Albums - Solo Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Touring Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Social Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2"|"Loca" (pamoja na El Cata) | Hot Latin Song of the Year - Vocal Event | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Digital Download of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Latin Digital Download of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="3"|"Sale el Sol" | Latin Album of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Pop Album of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Digital Album of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="10" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="7"|Shakira | Latin Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Hot Latin Songs - Female Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Top Latin Albums - Female Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Latin Pop Albums - Solo Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Latin Pop Songs Artist of the Year, Solo | Aliteuliwa |- | Tropical Songs Artist of the Year, Solo | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Social Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="1"|"Rabiosa" | Latin Digital Download of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|"Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Latin Digital Download of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|"Sale el Sol" | Latin Digital Album of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="7" align="center"|2013 | rowspan="6"|Shakira | Social Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Songs Artist of the Year, Female | {{won}} |- | Streaming Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Albums Artist of the Year, Female | Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Pop Songs Artist of the Year, Solo | {{won}} |- | Latin Pop Albums Artist of the Year, Solo | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|Addicted to You | Latin Pop Airplay Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2014 | rowspan="3"|Shakira | Social Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2015 | Social Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Hot Latin Songs Artist of the Year, Female |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2016 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Social Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Hot Latin Songs Artist of the Year, Female |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2"|"Mi Verdad" | Latin Pop Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Hot Latin Song of the Year, Vocal Event |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="8" align="center"| 2017 | rowspan="3"| Shakira | Social Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |Hot Latin Songs Artist of the Year, Female |{{won}} |- |Latin Pop Songs Artist of the Year, Solo |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5"| La Bicicleta (pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]]) | Hot Latin Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Vocal Event |Aliteuliwa |- | Airplay Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Digital Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Latin Pop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="12" align="center"| 2018 | rowspan="4"| Shakira | Social Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |Hot Latin Songs Artist of the Year, Female |{{won}} |- |Top Latin Album Artist of the Year, Female |{{won}} |- | Latin Pop Artist of the Year, Solo |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4"| Chantaje (pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]]) | Hot Latin Song of the Year, Vocal Event |Aliteuliwa |- | Streaming Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Digital Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|Latin Pop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"| Me Enamore |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"| Déjà Vu (pamoja na [[Prince Royce]]) | Tropical Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2"| El Dorado | Top Latin Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Pop Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"| 2019 | rowspan="2"| Shakira | Latin Pop Artist of the Year, Solo | |- | Top Latin Albums Artist of the Year, Female | |- |“Clandestino” (pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]]) |Latin Pop Song of the Year | |- | "El Dorado World Tour" | Tour of the Year | {{end}} ===Latin Grammy Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo 12.<ref name="rock">{{cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/artists-s/shakira.htm|title=Shakira on rockonthenet|publisher=Rock on the Net|accessdate=2009-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4608633-1.html|title=Complete List Of Nominations For First-ever Latin Grammy Awards|date=2000-07-29|accessdate=2009-11-01|work=Allbussiness|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2007-11-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071112080450/http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4608633-1.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/233794|title=2003 Latin Grammy Nominees Announced|date=2003-07-29|accessdate=2009-11-01|work=BMI|publisher=[[Broadcast Music Incorporated]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grammy.com/Latin/7_latin/ |title=7th Annual Latin Grammy Awards Winners List |accessdate=2009-11-01 |work=Grammy |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604104543/http://www.grammy.com/Latin/7_latin/ |archivedate=2009-06-04 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grammy.com/Latin/News/Default.aspx?newsID=2590&newsCategoryID=2|title=Nominees of 2007 Latin Grammy Awards|date=2007-08-29|accessdate=2009-11-01|work=Grammy|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|archivedate=2009-11-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091119133226/http://www.grammy.com/Latin/News/Default.aspx?newsID=2590&newsCategoryID=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.grammy.com/files/12th_nominees.pdf|title=Nominees of 2011 Latin Grammy Awards|accessdate=2011-09-17|work=Grammy|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" width="95%" |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" ! colspan="5" style="background: LightSteelBlue;" | Orodha ya tuzo |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" ! Mwaka ! Jina ! Tuzo ! Matokeo |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2000 | rowspan="2"|''MTV Unplugged'' | Latin Grammy Award for Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Octavo Día" |Best Female Rock Vocal Performance |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"Ojos Asi" |Best Female Pop Vocal Performance |{{won}} |- | Latin Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2002 | "Suerte" | Best Short Form Music Video |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2003 | "Te Aviso, Te Anuncio (Tango)" | Latin Grammy Award for Best Rock Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="2" |''Fijación Oral Vol. 1'' | Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | Latin Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Album |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" |"La Tortura" | Latin Grammy Award for Record of the Year |{{won}} |- |Latin Grammy Award for Song of the Year |{{won}} |- |Best Short Form Music Video |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2007 | "[[Beautiful Liar|Bello Embustero]]" <small>(with [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]])</small> | Record of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="2" |''Sale el Sol'' | Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Female Pop Vocal Album |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Loca" | Best Short Form Music Video |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="1" |''Live from Paris'' | Latin Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2016 | rowspan="2" |"La Bicicleta" | Record of the Year |{{won}} |- | Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="6" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="2" |''El Dorado'' | Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Pop Vocal Album |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" |"Chantaje" | Record of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Latin Grammy Award for Best Urban Fusion/Performance |{Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Deja Vu" | Latin Grammy Award for Best Tropical Song |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ---- '''Latin Grammy Special Awards''' {{awards table}} |- |rowspan="1"| 2011 || [[Shakira]] || Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year ||{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame=== {| class="wikitable sortable" width="95%" |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" ! Mwaka ! Kazi ! Tuzo ! Matokeo |- | 2016 | Performers | Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame<ref>https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/latin/7263832/juanes-marco-antonio-solis-shakira-nominated</ref> | Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===Lunas del Auditorio=== {| class="wikitable" style="max-width:75%;" ! width=5%|Year ! style="width:30%;"| Tuzo ! style="width:30%;"| Aliyetuzwa ! style="width:10%;"| Matokeo ! style="width:5%;"| Marejeo |- |2003 | rowspan="4"|Best Spanish Pop | rowspan="4"|Shakira |{{won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2003/ceremonia?evento=2003|title=Lunas del Auditorio 2003|publisher=Lunas del Auditorio|accessdate=2018-02-01|archivedate=2018-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202130607/http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2003/ceremonia?evento=2003}}</ref> |- |2008 |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2008/ceremonia?evento=2008|title=Lunas del Auditorio 2008|publisher=Lunas del Auditorio|accessdate=2018-02-01|archivedate=2018-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202130602/http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2008/ceremonia?evento=2008}}</ref> |- |2011 |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2011/ceremonia?evento=2011|title=Lunas del Auditorio 2011|publisher=Lunas del Auditorio|accessdate=2018-02-01|archivedate=2018-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202130604/http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2011/ceremonia?evento=2011}}</ref> |- |2013 |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2013/ceremonia?evento=2013|title=Lunas del Auditorio 2013|publisher=Lunas del Auditorio|accessdate=2018-02-01|archivedate=2018-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202130601/http://lunasauditorio.com.mx/esp/lunas-2013/ceremonia?evento=2013}}</ref> |- |} ===Mnet Asian Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- |2002 |"Objection (Tango)" |Mnet Asian Music Award for International Artist |Aliteuliwa<ref name="2002_nom">[http://mwave.interest.me/mnettv/videodetail.m?searchVideoDetailVO.clip_id=6490 "2002 MMF part 1"] {{Wayback|url=http://mwave.interest.me/mnettv/videodetail.m?searchVideoDetailVO.clip_id=6490 |date=20140819125536 }}. ''Mwave''. Retrieved 2014-08-17.</ref> |- {{end}} === MuchMusic Video Awards === Shakira ameshinda mara mbili.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/75393/swollen-members-clean-up-at-muchmusic-awards|title= Billy Talent, Nickelback Lead MuchMusic Video Awards Nominations|accessdate=2009-10-29|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Gonshor|first=Adam|date=2007-05-23|url=http://www.andpop.com/2007/05/23/billy-talent-nickelback-lead-muchmusic-video-awards-nominations/|title=Swollen Members Clean Up At MuchMusic Awards|accessdate=2009-10-29|work=Andpop|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7nNM72M?url=http://www.andpop.com/2007/05/23/billy-talent-nickelback-lead-muchmusic-video-awards-nominations/}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="2" |"Whenever, Wherever" | People's Choice: Favourite International Artist |{{won}} |- | Best International Artist Video |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2007 | "Beautiful Liar" <small>(pamoja na [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]])</small> | Best International Video Artist |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} === MTV Asia Awards === Shakira ameteuliwa mara tatu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtvasiaawards.com/Malaysia/Nominees/|title=2008 MTV Asia Awards|accessdate=2009-10-29|work=Mtvasiaawards|publisher=MTV|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7nPcJE0?url=http://www.mtvasia.com/|archivedate=2013-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://popdirt.com/mtv-asia-awards-2003-nominees/9573/|title= MTV Asia Awards 2003 Nominees|accessdate= 2009-10-29|work= Popdirt|publisher= |archivedate= 2016-03-08|archiveurl= https://archive.today/20160308064959/http://popdirt.com/mtv-asia-awards-2003-nominees/9573/}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2003 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | Best Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | Best New Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2008 | "Beautiful Liar" <small>(pamoja na [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]])</small> | Best Hook Up |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===MTV Europe Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo mbili.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mancini|first=Robert|date=2002-09-30|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1457848/20020930/eminem.jhtml|title=Eminem, Pink, Shakira Nab Most Noms For MTV Europe Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-29|publisher=MTV|archive-date=2013-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514035723/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1457848/eminem-pink-nab-most-noms-mtv-emas.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1510512/20050928/coldplay.jhtml|title=Coldplay, Gorillaz Lead MTV Europe Music Awards Nominations|date=2005-09-28|accessdate=2009-10-29|publisher=MTV|archive-date=2008-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080229163028/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1510512/20050928/coldplay.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lamb|first=Bill|date=2005-11-04|url=http://top40.about.com/b/2005/11/04/mtv-europe-music-awards-winners.htm|title=Winners of 2005 MTV Europe Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-29|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|archivedate=2013-05-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512213121/http://top40.about.com/b/2005/11/04/mtv-europe-music-awards-winners.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtvnetworks.co.uk/?q=node/19|title= Nominees of 2006 MTV Europe Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-29|publisher=MTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/music/ema/2007/nominees.jhtml#addictive |title=2007 MTV Europe Music Awards - Nominees |accessdate=2009-10-29 |publisher=MTV |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821132752/http://www.mtv.com/music/ema/2007/nominees.jhtml |archivedate=2015-08-21 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1651712/20101107/lady_gaga.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga, Katy Perry, Justin Bieber Light Up EMA Show|publisher=MTV|accessdate=2010-11-08|archive-date=2012-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105215851/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1651712/lady-gaga-katy-perry-justin-bieber-light-up-ema-show.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2002 | "Whenever, Wherever" | Best Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Best Female |Aliteuliwa |- | Best New Act |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2005 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Best Pop |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Female |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Best Pop |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Female |Aliteuliwa |- | "Hips Don't Lie" | Best Song |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2007 | "Beautiful Liar" <small>(pamoja na [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]])</small> | Most Addictive track |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2009 | "She Wolf" | Best Video |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | Best Female |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2010 | Shakira | Best Female |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | Free Your Mind |{{won}} {{end}} ===MTV Video Music Awards Japan=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2008 | rowspan="2"|Beautiful Liar (pamoja na [[Beyonce]]) | Best Collaboration |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop Video |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===MTV Millennial Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.latinpost.com/articles/15621/20140625/mtv-millennial-awards-nominations-list-date-and-location-awards-show-returns-to-mexico-on-august-12.htm|title= MTV Millennial Awards Nominations List, Date, and Location: Awards Show Returns to Mexico on August 12|accessdate=2014-07-22|publisher=MTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://millennial.mtvla.com/noticia/lista-ganadores-miaw-2014|title= #MIAW: ¡todos los ganadores!|accessdate= 2015-02-27|publisher= MTV|archivedate= 2015-02-27|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150227084439/http://millennial.mtvla.com/noticia/lista-ganadores-miaw-2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://shakiraitalia.wordpress.com/2017/04/25/shakira-nominata-ai-millennial-awards-2017/|title= Shakira Millennial awards 2017|accessdate= 2017-08-09|publisher= Shakira Italia|archivedate= 2017-08-09|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170809133201/https://shakiraitalia.wordpress.com/2017/04/25/shakira-nominata-ai-millennial-awards-2017/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mtvla.com/mx/mtv-miaw/noticias/flor-vigna-mica-viciconte-mica-suarez-lali-y-mas-argentinos-nominados-a-los-premios-mtv-miaw-2018|title=Millennial awards 2018 nominados|accessdate=2018-04-21|publisher=mtv.com|archive-date=2018-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419225832/http://www.mtvla.com/mx/mtv-miaw/noticias/flor-vigna-mica-viciconte-mica-suarez-lali-y-mas-argentinos-nominados-a-los-premios-mtv-miaw-2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Colombian Twitter Star Of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center" rowspan="2"|2017 | rowspan="1"|"Chantaje" pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]] | Collaboration of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1"|La Bicicleta pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]] | Best Party Anthem |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center" rowspan="1"|2018 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Artist of the Year (Colombia) |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===MTV Italian Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="1"|Can't Remember To Forget You (ft. [[Rihanna]]) | Best video |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===MTV Video Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo nne.<ref name="Shakira discography" /><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2002/mtvvmas.htm|title= Winners of 2002 MTV Video Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-30|publisher=Rock on the Net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/09-08-2000/0001307675&EDATE=|title= MTV Returns to Radio City Music Hall Causing a Celebrity Traffic Jam|accessdate= 2009-11-21|work= Prnewswire|publisher= [[United Business Media]]|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/68AHMWEqU?url=http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=%2Fwww%2Fstory%2F09-08-2000%2F0001307675&EDATE=|archivedate= 2012-06-04|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2005/|title= 2005 MTV Video Music Awards|accessdate= 2009-10-30|publisher= MTV|archive-date= 2008-08-28|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080828073144/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2005/|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2006/|title= 2006 MTV Video Music Awards|accessdate= 2009-10-30|publisher= MTV|archive-date= 2013-08-19|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130819072659/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2006/|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2007/|title= 2007 MTV Video Music Awards|accessdate= 2009-10-30|publisher= MTV|archive-date= 2016-05-17|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160517061921/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2007/|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shakira.com/news/title/vote-for-shakira-in-the-vmas|title=Vote for Shakira in the VMA's|accessdate=2010-08-17|publisher=Shakira.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819123925/http://www.shakira.com/news/title/vote-for-shakira-in-the-vmas|archive-date=2010-08-19|dead-url=yes|df=|archivedate=2010-08-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819123925/http://www.shakira.com/news/title/vote-for-shakira-in-the-vmas}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2000 | rowspan="2" |"Ojos Así" | MTV Video Music Award - International Viewer's Choice |{{won}} |- | International Viewer's Choice — Latin America (South) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="7" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="7" |"Whenever, Wherever/Suerte" | MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Pop Video |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Dance Video |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Cinematography |Aliteuliwa |- | International Viewer's Choice — Latin America (North) |{{won}} |- | International Viewer's Choice — Latin America (Pacific) |Aliteuliwa |- | International Viewer's Choice — Latin America (Atlantic) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2005 | rowspan="3" |"La tortura" | Best Female Video |Aliteuliwa |- | Viewer's Choice |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Dance Video |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="7" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="7" |"Hips Don't Lie" | Best Female Video |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop Video |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Dance Video |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Viewer's Choice |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography |{{won}} |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Art Direction |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="4" |"Beautiful Liar" <small>(pamoja na [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]])</small> | Most Earthshattering Collaboration |{{won}} |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography |Aliteuliwa |- | MTV Video Music Award for Best Editing |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2010 | Shakira | Latino Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2018 | "Chantaje"<small>(pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]])</small> | Best Latin |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===MÜ-YAP Turkish Phonographic Industry Society Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2003 | Laundry Service<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mu-yap.org/english/getdata.asp?PID=320 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2019-04-06 |archivedate=2008-04-22 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422023918/http://www.mu-yap.org/english/getdata.asp?PID=320 }}</ref> | Best selling International female album |{{won}} {{end}} ===NAACP Image Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2008 | Beautiful Liar (pamoja na [[Beyonce]]) | NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Music Video |Aliteuliwa {{end}} === Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards === Shakira ameteuliwa mara mbili.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bryson|first=Carey|date=|url=http://kidstvmovies.about.com/od/nickelodeonkca2007/a/nickkca2007.htm|title=Winners of 2007 Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Awards|accessdate=2009-10-31|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|archivedate=2013-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513173101/http://kidstvmovies.about.com/od/nickelodeonkca2007/a/nickkca2007.htm}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2007 | "Hips Don't Lie" | Favorite Song |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2017 | Herself | Favorite Global Music Star |Aliteuliwa {{end}} === Nickelodeon Kid's Choice Awards Colombia === Shakira ameteuliwa mara tatu.<ref>{{cite web|date=|url=http://kidschoiceawardscolombia.mundonick.com/ganadores/|title=Winners of 2015 Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Awards Colombia|accessdate=2015-02-27|work=KCA|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903072718/http://kidschoiceawardscolombia.mundonick.com/ganadores/|archivedate=2014-09-03|df=}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- |rowspan="2" align="center"|2014 | "Nunca Me Acuerdo de Olvidarte" | Favorite Latin Song |{{Won}} |- | "Herself" | Favorite Colombian Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1" align="center"|2016 | "La Bicicleta" ft. [[Carlos Vives]] | Favorite Latin Song |Aliteuliwa {{end}} === Meus Premios Nick === {{awards table}} |- | align="center"|2003 | Shakira | Favorite International Solo/Group Aritst |{{nom}} {{end}} === Nickelodeon Kid's Choice Awards Argentina === {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | Shakira | Favorite Latin Singer or Band |Aliteuliwa |- | ''Loca'' | Favorite Song |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2014 | "La La La (Brazil 2014)" | Favorite Latin Song |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===NME Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2011-01-29|url=http://www.gigwise.com/news/60869/NME-Awards-2011-Nominations|title=NME Awards 2011: Nominations |work=Gigwise|publisher=NME}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- |rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"|2011||rowspan="1"|Shakira |NME Award for Hottest Woman || Aliteuliwa |- {{end table}} ===NRJ Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo saba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.top40-charts.com/news.php?nid=4439|title=Shakira sweeps NRJ music awards|date=2003-01-21|accessdate=2009-10-31|work=Top40-charts.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.absolutely.net/2006/01/23/the_black_eyed_peas_take_two_french_music_awards_0236_1.html|title=The Black Eyed Peas take two French Music Awards|accessdate=2009-10-31|publisher=Absolutely.net|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120713094424/http://news.absolutely.net/2006/01/23/the_black_eyed_peas_take_two_french_music_awards_0236_1.html|archivedate=2012-07-13|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.absolutely.net/2006/10/29/aguilera_and_evanescence_leads_nrj_nominations_2352_2.html|title=The Black Eyed Peas take two French Music Awards|date=2006-01-23|accessdate=2009-10-31|publisher=Absolutely.net|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714130419/http://news.absolutely.net/2006/10/29/aguilera_and_evanescence_leads_nrj_nominations_2352_2.html|archive-date=2012-07-14|dead-url=yes|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nrjmusicawards.nrj.fr/votes-3373/votecategorie/?cat=4|title=NRJ Music Awards 2010|date=|accessdate=2009-11-25|publisher=Nrjmusicawards|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sHzvo7?url=http://nrjmusicawards.nrj.fr/palmares-3889/votecategorie/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chartsinfrance.net/NRJ-Music-Awards/news-77871.html|title= NRJ Music Awards 2012 : les 10 dernières indiscrétions (in French)|date=|accessdate=2012-01-27|publisher=Chartsinfrance}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2003 | " Whenever, Wherever" | International Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | "Laundry Service" | International Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | Shakira | International Female Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="2"| "La Tortura" | International Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Video Of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | International Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2007 | "Hips Don't Lie" | International Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | International Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2010 | Shakira | International Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | "Waka Waka" | International Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Shakira | International Female Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2012 | Shakira | Honor for the Career |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="3"|Shakira | rowspan="3"|International Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2016 |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2017 |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===Ordre des Arts et des Lettres=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2012 | Shakira | Ordre des Arts et des Lettres<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.shakira.com/news/619 |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2019-04-06 |archivedate=2023-06-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603172649/https://www.shakira.com/news/619 }}</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-16807670</ref> |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Orgullosamente Latino Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara mbili.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.orgullosamentelatino.com/|title=Orgullosamente Latino Awards - History|accessdate=2010-08-20|publisher=orgullosamentelatino|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821123023/http://www.orgullosamentelatino.com/|archive-date=2010-08-21|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821123023/http://www.orgullosamentelatino.com/|archivedate=2010-08-21}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Solo Artist of the year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2010 | Shakira | Solo Female Artist of the year |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===People's Choice Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara moja.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/01/09/entertainment/main2340513.shtml|title=Winners of 2006 People's Choice Awards|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=CBSnews|date=2007-01-09|archivedate=2012-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026094122/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/01/09/entertainment/main2340513.shtml}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/08/entertainment/main3689583.shtml|title=Winners of 2007 NRJ Music Awards|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=CBSnews|date=2008-01-08|archivedate=2008-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106185047/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/08/entertainment/main3689583.shtml}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://top40.about.com/b/2010/11/09/katy-perry-and-lady-gaga-lead-peoples-choice-awards-music-nominees.htm|title=Katy Perry and Lady Gaga Lead People's Choice Awards Music Nominees|accessdate=2010-11-10|publisher=About.com|archivedate=2011-06-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629204003/http://top40.about.com/b/2010/11/09/katy-perry-and-lady-gaga-lead-peoples-choice-awards-music-nominees.htm}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2007 | "Hips Don't Lie" | Favorite Pop Song |{{won}} |- | Shakira | Favorite Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2008 | "Beautiful Liar" <small>(pamoja na [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]])</small> | Favorite R&B Song |Aliteuliwa |- |align="center"|2017 |rowspan="2"|Shakira | Favorite Social Media Celebrity |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2018 | Latin Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Los 40 Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda mara kumi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/ediciones-anteriores/|title=PREMIOS LOS 40 PRINCIPALES Winners|accessdate=2010-11-07|publisher=Los40|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sJjAkE?url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/ediciones-anteriores/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.exitoslatinos.com/premiosyfestivales/loscuarentaprincipales/premiolos40principales2006.htm|title=PREMIOS LOS 40 PRINCIPALES 2006|accessdate=2010-11-07|publisher=Exitoslatinos|archive-date=2012-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314185538/http://www.exitoslatinos.com/premiosyfestivales/loscuarentaprincipales/premiolos40principales2006.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/votaciones/ |title=2009 Premios 40 Principales |accessdate=2009-11-01 |publisher=Los40 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027203902/http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/votaciones/ |archivedate=2009-10-27 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.los40.com/articulo/noticias/Shakira-The-Black-Eyed-Peas-triunfadores-Premios-Principales/l40actn01/20091211l40l40not_8/Tes|title=Shakira y The Black Eyed Peas, triunfadores con 2 Premios 40 Principales|language=spanish|accessdate=2009-12-13|date=2009-12-12|publisher=Los40|archivedate=2009-12-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214071412/http://www.los40.com/articulo/noticias/Shakira-The-Black-Eyed-Peas-triunfadores-Premios-Principales/l40actn01/20091211l40l40not_8/Tes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.los40.com/noticia/alejandro-sanz-y-maldita-nerea-lideran-la-lista-de-nominados-a-los-premios-40-principales-2010/nota/1339985.aspx|title=Alejandro Sanz y Maldita Nerea lideran la lista de nominados a los Premios 40 Principales 2010|language=spanish|accessdate=2010-10-16|date=2010-10-16|publisher=Los40|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sNFy93?url=http://www.los40.com/actualidad/noticias/alejandro-sanz-y-maldita-nerea-lideran-la-lista-de-nominados-a-los-premios-40-principales-2010/nota/1339985.aspx}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/ganadores/|title=Ganadores Premios 40 Principales 2011|language=spanish|accessdate=2011-12-10|publisher=Los40|archivedate=2013-12-15|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20131215175344/http://www.los40.com/premios-40-principales/ganadores/}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2006 | " Hips Don't Lie" | Best International Song |{{won}} |- | Shakira | Best International Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2009 |" Loba" | Best International Song In Spanish Language | {{won}} |- | Shakira | Best International Artist In Spanish Language | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2010 |" Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Best International Song In Spanish Language | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="left"|Shakira | rowspan="2" align="left"|Best International Artist In Spanish Language | {{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2011 | {{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="left"|Most influential Latin artist in the world | {{won}} |- |"Loca" | rowspan="2" align="left"|Best International Song In Spanish Language | Aliteuliwa |- |"Rabiosa" | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2012 | Shakira | Best International Artist In Spanish Language | {{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2016 | Shakira | 50th Anniversary Golden Music Awards |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"La Bicicleta" <small>(pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]])</small> | 50th Anniversary Golden Music Awards |{{won}} |- | Los 40 Global Show Award |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2017 | Shakira | Best Latin Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | "Me Enamoré" | Los 40 Global Show Award |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2018 | "El Dorado World Tour" | Tour of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Premios Juventud=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo 15.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.net/corp/en/pr/Miami_22092005-1.html|title=2nd Annual "Premios Juventud" Awards: A Night of Stars and Premier Performances|date=2005-09-22|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=[[Univision]]|archivedate=2008-12-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205103240/http://www.univision.net/corp/en/pr/Miami_22092005-1.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Beltra|first=Jimena|date=2006-06-02|url=http://www.farandulas.com/archives/2006/06/el_cantante_cha.html|title= The singer Chayanne among the nominees for the Youth Awards|accessdate=2009-11-01|language=spanish|work=Farandulas}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=2006-06-26|url=http://rbd.tuxsoul.com/modules/news/makepdf.php?storyid=179|format=pdf|title=Premios Juventud 2006|accessdate=2009-12-27|language=spanish|work=Tuxsoul|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306234642/http://rbd.tuxsoul.com/modules/news/makepdf.php?storyid=179|archive-date=2012-03-06|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306234642/http://rbd.tuxsoul.com/modules/news/makepdf.php?storyid=179|archivedate=2012-03-06}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spanishtown.ca/enterstory10.htm |title=Premios Juventud 2006 - 3RD Annual |accessdate=2009-11-01 |publisher=Spanishtown |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611074225/http://www.spanishtown.ca/enterstory10.htm |archivedate=2008-06-11 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.top40-charts.com/news.php?nid=34241|title=4th Annual 'Premios Juventud' Awards on Univision Constructs an All-Star Musical Factory|accessdate=2009-11-28|work=Top40-charts}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spanishtown.ca/entertainmentstories/premiosjuventud2007/premiosjuventud2007.htm|title=Premios Juventud 2007 - 4th Annual|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=Spanishtown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125164820/http://www.spanishtown.ca/entertainmentstories/premiosjuventud2007/premiosjuventud2007.htm|archive-date=2009-11-25|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sRROq5?url=http://www.spanishtown.ca/entertainmentstories/premiosjuventud2007/premiosjuventud2007.htm|archivedate=2013-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latingossip.com/es/premios/premios-juventud-2008-nominados.html|title=Premios Juventud 2008 : Nominados|date=2008-02-05|accessdate=2009-11-01|publisher=Latingossip|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sSU932?url=http://www.latingossip.com/es/premios/premios-juventud-2008-nominados.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://top40-charts.com/news/Charts-Awards/Nominations-For-Univisions-Premios-Juventud/56068.html|title=Nominations For Univision's Premios Juventud|date=|accessdate=2010-05-09|publisher=Top40charts}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20100707006227&newsLang=en|title=Univision’s 7th Annual "Premios Juventud" to Feature Biggest Line-up and Number of Musical Acts Ever in Its History|date=|accessdate=2010-07-08|publisher=Businesswire}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?chid=6&schid=10416&secid=11221&cid=1599806|title=Univision’s 7th Annual "Premios Juventud"|accessdate=2010-07-16|publisher=Univision|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sVH6ml?url=http://archivo.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?chid=6}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://musica.univision.com/premios-juventud/noticias/article/2011-05-12/premios-juventud-nominados-prince-royce-shakira-ricky?ftloc=channel7639:wcmWidgetUimStage&ftpos=channel7639:wcmWidgetUimStage:1|title=Prince Royce, el más nominado en Premios Juventud|accessdate=2011-05-13|publisher=Univision|language= Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://musica.univision.com/premios-juventud/ganadores/openpage/2011-03-14/premios-juventud-2011-ganadores-musica|title=Premios Juventud Ganadoras 2011|accessdate=2011-07-22|publisher=Univision|language= Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/23984-shakira-nominated-for-two-colombian-youth-awards.html|title=Shakira nominated for two Youth Awards|accessdate=2012-05-11|publisher=Univision|archivedate=2012-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521010315/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/culture/23984-shakira-nominated-for-two-colombian-youth-awards.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://musica.univision.com/premios-juventud/ganadores/openpage/2012-07-05/pj-2012-ganadores-musica|title=Youth Awards 2012|accessdate=2012-07-25|publisher=Univision|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AXIf8aEQ?url=http://musica.univision.com/premios-juventud/ganadores/openpage/2012-07-05/pj-2012-ganadores-musica|archivedate=2012-09-08|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.latinpost.com/articles/12060/20140508/2014-premios-juventud-awards-and-nominations-prince-royce-romeo-santos-lead-nominations-william-levy-sebasti%C3%A1n-rulli-also-score-nods.htm|title=2014 Premios Juventud Awards and Nominations: Prince Royce, Romeo Santos Lead Nominations; William Levy, Sebastián Rulli Also Score Nods |author=|date= |website= |publisher= |accessdate=May 12, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://musica.univision.com/article/2024582/2014-07-13/premios-juventud/lo-mejor/lo-que-veras-en-premios-juventud-2014|title=Premios Juventud 2014. Ganadores y Show|author=|date=July 18, 2014 |website= |publisher= |accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref name="award">{{cite web|title=Univision’s “Premios Juventud” 2017 ‘Bets on the Future’ with a Show on July 6 At 7 P.M. ET/PT (6 P.M. Central)|url=http://corporate.univision.com/corporate/press/2017/05/18/univisions-premios-juventud-2017-bets-future-show-july-6-7-p-m-etpt-6-p-m-central/|website=corporate.univision.com|accessdate=20 May 2017}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="6" align="center"|2004 | rowspan="5" |Shakira | She’s Totally Red Carpet |Aliteuliwa |- | Dream Chic |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Moves |Aliteuliwa |- |All Over the Dial |Aliteuliwa |- |My Idol Is |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1" |Shakira And Antonio De La Rúa |Hottest Romance |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="8" align="center"|2005 | rowspan="5" |Shakira | Favourite Rock Star |{{won}} |- | Favourite Pop Star |{{won}} |- | My Idol Is.. |Aliteuliwa |- |Best Moves |{{won}} |- |I Hear Her Everywhere |{{won}} |- |rowspan="1" |"Fijación Oral Vol. 1" |CD to Die For |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1" |"La Tortura" |Catchiest Tune |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1" |Shakira and Alejandro Sanz |Dynamic Duet |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2006 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Favourite Rock artist |{{won}} |- | Favourite pop star |Aliteuliwa |- |iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |{{won}} |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="4" |Shakira | Favourite pop star |Aliteuliwa |- | My Favorite Concert |Aliteuliwa |- |iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |{{won}} |- |My Idol is... |{{won}} |- | "Te Lo Agradezco, Pero No" | The Perfect Combo |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2008 | Shakira | iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |Aliteuliwa |- | Supernova Award |{{won}} |- |rowspan="2"|"Loba" | My Favorite Video |{{won}} |- | My Ringtone |Aliteuliwa |- | "Somos el Mundo" | The Perfect Combo |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="7" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |{{Won}} |- | Favourite pop star |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="3"|"Loca" (feat El Cata) | Catchiest Tune |Aliteuliwa |- | My Favorite Video |Aliteuliwa |- | Favorite Ringtone |Aliteuliwa |- | "Sale El Sol" | Your Favorite CD |Aliteuliwa |- | "The Sun Comes Out World Tour" | The Super Tour |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |{{won}} |- | Favourite pop star |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2013 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | iQue rico se mueve!(Best moves) |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="1" |Shakira |Favorite Hispanic Pop/Rock Artist | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Can't Remember to Forget You" |Favorite hit | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2016 | rowspan="1" |"Mi Verdad" |Mejor Tema Novelero | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |Shakira |Mi Tuitero Favorito |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="2" |"Chantaje" pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]] |Best Song For Dancing | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |The Perfect Combination | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |" La Bicicleta" pamoja na [[Carlos Vives]] | Aliteuliwa |- |Best Song For "Chillin" | Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ==Premios Tu Mundo== Shakira ameteuliwa mara tatu.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://msnlatino.telemundo.com/entretenimiento/Premios_Tu_Mundo/Vota/Artista-Pop-Favorito-17 |title=Artista pop favorito |publisher=Telemundo |date=August 3, 2014 |accessdate=August 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726032431/http://msnlatino.telemundo.com/entretenimiento/Premios_Tu_Mundo/Vota/Artista-Pop-Favorito-17 |archive-date=2014-07-26 |dead-url=yes |df= |archivedate=2014-07-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726032431/http://msnlatino.telemundo.com/entretenimiento/Premios_Tu_Mundo/Vota/Artista-Pop-Favorito-17 }}</ref><ref name="laopinion.com">{{cite web|title=Lista completa de nominados a Premios Tu Mundo 2017|url=https://laopinion.com/2017/07/19/lista-completa-de-nominados-a-premios-tu-mundo-2017/|website=laopinion.com|accessdate=19 July 2017|language=Spanish}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | rowspan="2" |Favorite Pop Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2017 |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |Me Enamoré | Party-Starter Song |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ==Premios Lo Nuestro== Shakira ameshinda tuzo ishirini na nne.<ref name="univision-lonuestro">{{cite news|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Univision+Announces+The+Nominees+For+The+Most+Distinguished+Awards+In...-a019271447|title=Univision Announces The Nominees For The Most Distinguished Awards In Spanish-Language Music: 'Premio Lo Nuestro A La Musica Latina'|publisher=[[Univision]]|date=April 2, 1997|accessdate=July 28, 2014|archivedate=2014-08-05|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140805023312/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Univision+Announces+The+Nominees+For+The+Most+Distinguished+Awards+In...-a019271447}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=491000 |title=Winners of 1997 Premios Lo Nuestro |accessdate=2009-11-02 |language=spanish |publisher=Univision |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805232254/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=491000 |archivedate=2011-08-05 |df= }}</ref><ref name="univision-lonuestro-1999">{{cite news|url=http://www.panamaamerica.com.pa/notas/292976-%C2%BFquienes-se-llevaran-esta-noche-el-premio-lo-nuestro-%2299 |title=¿Quiénes se llevarán esta noche el Premio Lo Nuestro "99? |language=Spanish |work=Panamá América |publisher=Grupo Epasa |date=May 6, 1999 |accessdate=June 15, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615032738/http://www.panamaamerica.com.pa/notas/292976-%C2%BFquienes-se-llevaran-esta-noche-el-premio-lo-nuestro-%2299 |archivedate=June 15, 2013 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490994 |title=Winners of 1999 Premios Lo Nuestro |accessdate=2009-11-02 |language=spanish |publisher=Univision |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100403132343/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490994 |archivedate=2010-04-03 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490993|title=Winners of 2000 Premios Lo Nuestro|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223000343/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490993|archivedate=2010-02-23|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490992|title=Winners of 2001 Premios Lo Nuestro|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805232447/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490992|archivedate=2011-08-05|df=}}</ref><ref name="shakira-people">{{cite news|url=http://www.caracol.com.co/noticias/actualidad/shakira--gana-premio-lo-nuestro-2002/20020208/nota/153421.aspx |title=Shakira Gana Premio Lo Nuestro 2002 |language=Spanish |publisher=[[PRISA|Prisa Radio]] |work=[[Caracol Radio|Caracol]] |date=February 8, 2002 |accessdate=August 20, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203025338/http://www.caracol.com.co/noticias/actualidad/shakira--gana-premio-lo-nuestro-2002/20020208/nota/153421.aspx |archivedate=December 3, 2013 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490991|title=Winners of 2002 Premios Lo Nuestro|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223000338/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490991|archivedate=2010-02-23|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml;jsessionid=3DSY5DLE3C1U4CWIAAPCFFAKZAADYIWC?chid=1&schid=5421&secid=5425&cid=174423|title=Premios lo nuestro 2003 nominados|language=spanish|publisher=univision|accessdate=2010-03-16|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sb4a0F?url=http://archivo.univision.com/content/content.jhtml;jsessionid=3DSY5DLE3C1U4CWIAAPCFFAKZAADYIWC?chid=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/channel.jhtml?chid=1&schid=5421&secid=6128#Video|title=Premios lo nuestro 2003 winners|language=spanish|publisher=univision|accessdate=2010-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606010031/http://www.univision.com/content/channel.jhtml?chid=1&schid=5421&secid=6128#Video|archive-date=2011-06-06|dead-url=yes|df=|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sbiYT0?url=http://archivo.univision.com/content/channel.jhtml?chid=1#Video}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.net/corp/es/pr/Miami_14012004-1.html |title=Nominees of 2004 Premios Lo nuestro |accessdate=2009-11-02 |language=spanish |publisher=Univision |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613071916/http://www.univision.net/corp/es/pr/Miami_14012004-1.html |archivedate=2011-06-13 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490989|title=Winners of 2004 Premios Lo nuestro|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805232521/http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=490989|archivedate=2011-08-05|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hispanicprwire.com/news.php?l=es&id=5336|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5BgbkgdSc?url=http://www.hispanicprwire.com/news.php?l%3Des%26id%3D5336|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2005-11-24|title=Nominees of 2006 Premios Lo nuestro|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121208210433/http://www.hispanicprwire.com/news.php?l=es&id=5336|archivedate=2012-12-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.top40-charts.com/news.php?nid=21195|title= Olga Tanon, Intocable and Shakira Biggest Winners at 'Premio Lo Nuestro' Latin Music Awards|accessdate=2009-11-02|work=Top40-charts}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=1041993&pagenum=2|title=Nominees of 2007 Premios Lo nuestro - Pop|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sfNHVr?url=http://musica.univision.com/trivias/article/2006-12-12/comunicado-de-prensa-oficial}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=1100664|title=Winners of 2007 Premios Lo nuestro|accessdate=2009-11-02|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sgRaB4?url=http://univisionaustin.univision.com/destino2010/candidatos/slideshow/2007-12-10/premio-cumple-20-anos}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univision.com/content/channel.jhtml?chid=10383&schid=10646&secid=10648|title=Nominees of 2010 Premios Lo nuestro|accessdate=2009-12-21|language=spanish|publisher=Univision|archivedate=2013-07-15|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7shVwlG?url=http://musica.univision.com/premio-lo-nuestro/nominados}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/aventura-is-biggest-winner-of,1171199.shtml|title=Aventura is Biggest Winner of "Premio Lo Nuestro 2010|accessdate=2010-02-21|publisher=Earthtimes|archivedate=2014-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202093823/http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/aventura-is-biggest-winner-of,1171199.shtml}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20101202006834/en/Univision-Kicks-Off-Countdown-Highly-Anticipated-23rd-Edition-%E2%80%9CPremio|title= Univision Kicks-Off Countdown to Highly-Anticipated 23rd Edition of "Premio Lo Nuestro" Latin Music Awards; Announces Full List of Nominated Artists |accessdate=2010-12-04|publisher=Businesswire}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/entertainment/2011/12/02/shakira-tito-el-bambino-garner-most-premio-lo-nuestro-nods/|title=Shakira, Tito el Bambino garner most Premio Lo Nuestro nods|accessdate=2011-12-04|publisher=Univision|date=2011-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206043037/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/entertainment/2011/12/02/shakira-tito-el-bambino-garner-most-premio-lo-nuestro-nods/|archive-date=2011-12-06|dead-url=yes|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/genre/latin/shakira-prince-royce-win-big-at-premio-lo-1006223552.story|title=Shakira, Prince Royce Win Big At Premio Lo Nuestro Awards|accessdate=2012-02-18|publisher=Univision|work=Billboard.biz|archivedate=2012-02-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224050151/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/genre/latin/shakira-prince-royce-win-big-at-premio-lo-1006223552.story}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fashionnstyle.com/articles/38413/20141230/premio-lo-nuestro-2015-enrique-iglesias-nominees.htm|title= Premio Lo Nuestro 2015: Enrique Iglesias Leads With 10 Nominations, Including Album Of The Year|accessdate=2015-01-01|publisher=Univision}}</ref><ref name="Premio Lo Nuestro Ganadores">{{cite news|url=http://premiolonuestro.abardev.net/admin/start/sessionvoting/loginvoting|title=Lista de Ganadores - Premio Lo Nuestro Latin Music Award 2015|work=[[Univision]]|publisher=[[Univision Communications]]|year=2014|accessdate=February 20, 2015|language=Spanish|format=[[HyperText Markup Language|HTML]]|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223124204/http://premiolonuestro.abardev.net/admin/start/sessionvoting/loginvoting|archivedate=February 23, 2015|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://premiolonuestro.com/vota/|title=Premio Lo Nuestro 2019|work=Premio Lo Nuestro|publisher=Premio Lo Nuestro|year=2019|accessdate=January 8, 2019|language=Spanish|df=}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|1997 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Lo Nuestro Award for Pop Female Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best New Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |''Pies Descalzos'' | Lo Nuestro Award for Pop Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Estoy Aquí" | Lo Nuestro Award for Pop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Pies Descalzos, Sueños Blancos" | Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|1999 | rowspan="1" |Shakira | Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |''Dónde Están los Ladrones?'' | Pop Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"Ciega, Sordomuda" | Pop Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2000 | Shakira | Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2001 | ''MTV Unplugged'' | Lo Nuestro Award for Rock/Alternative Album of the Year |{{won}} |- |rowspan="2"| Shakira | Best Rock Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Pop Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="1"|''Laundry Service'' | People Choice Award: Favorite Rock Album |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2003 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | People'ｓ Internet Choice Award-Rock Genre |Aliteuliwa |- | "Suerte" | Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2004 | Shakira | Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | "Que Me Quedes Tu" | Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2006 | "La Tortura" | Pop Song Of The Year |{{won}} |- | Shakira & Alejandro Sanz | Group Or Duo Of The Year |{{won}} |- | "Fijación Oral vol. 1" | Pop Album of the Year |{{won}} |- | "No" | Clip of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2007 | Shakira |Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2010 |"Loba" | Video of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Artist of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Best Female Artist | {{won}} |- |"Lo Hecho Está Hecho" | Pop Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="6" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | Best Pop Female Artist | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |"Rabiosa" | Pop Song of the Year | {{won}} |- | Best Collaboration of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |"Sale el Sol" | Pop Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- |"Sale el Sol" | Pop Album of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2015 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | rowspan="2" |Pop Female Artist of the Year | {{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|2016 | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" |"Mi Verdad"{{small|(pamoja na Manà)}} | Collaboration of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Pop Song of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | Video of the Year | Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="3" |"La Bicicleta"{{small|(pamoja na Carlos Vibes)}} | Single of the Year | {{won}} |- | Video of the Year | {{won}} |- |Tropical Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2019 | Shakira | Pop/ Rock Artist of the Year | |- | "Clandestino" {{small|(pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]])}} | |- | "El Dorado World Tour" | Tour of the Year | |- {{end}} ===Premios Nuestra Tierra=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo tano.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://extroversia.universia.net.co/html/musica/archivoNoticiasAntesVer.jsp?actualConsecutivo=827&ann=2007&mess=Febrero|title=Nominados a los premios Nuestra Tierra|accessdate=2011-04-14|language=spanish|publisher=Universia.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721074325/http://extroversia.universia.net.co/html/musica/archivoNoticiasAntesVer.jsp?actualConsecutivo=827&ann=2007&mess=Febrero|archive-date=2011-07-21|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721074325/http://extroversia.universia.net.co/html/musica/archivoNoticiasAntesVer.jsp?actualConsecutivo=827&ann=2007&mess=Febrero|archivedate=2011-07-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/category/anos-anteriores/|title=Recuerde a los ganadores de las ediciones previas de Premios Nuestra Tierra|accessdate=2011-04-14|language=spanish|publisher=Nuestratierra|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120322180843/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/category/anos-anteriores/|archive-date=2012-03-22|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120322180843/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/category/anos-anteriores/|archivedate=2012-03-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/shakira-anuncia-gira-mundial-2010/|title=Shakira anuncia gira mundial 2010|accessdate=2011-04-14|language=spanish|publisher=Nuestratierra|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906212620/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/shakira-anuncia-gira-mundial-2010/|archive-date=2012-09-06|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120906212620/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/shakira-anuncia-gira-mundial-2010/|archivedate=2012-09-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news-lite/news/15577-shakira-and-juanes-compete-for-colombian-music-awards.html|title= Shakira and Juanes compete for Colombian music awards|accessdate= 2011-04-14|publisher= Colombianreports|archivedate= 2011-04-15|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110415031102/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news-lite/news/15577-shakira-and-juanes-compete-for-colombian-music-awards.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/listos-los-nominados-a-los-premios-nuestra-tierra-2011-2/|title=Listos los nominados a Los Premios Nuestra Tierra 2011|accessdate=2011-04-14|language=spanish|publisher=Nuestratierra|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120322180902/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/listos-los-nominados-a-los-premios-nuestra-tierra-2011-2/|archive-date=2012-03-22|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120322180902/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/listos-los-nominados-a-los-premios-nuestra-tierra-2011-2/|archivedate=2012-03-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Nominados a los Premios Nuestra Tierra 2012|url=http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/nominados-a-los-premios-nuestra-tierra-2012/|publisher=Nuestratierra.com|accessdate=2012-10-28|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130101155710/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/nominados-a-los-premios-nuestra-tierra-2012/|archive-date=2013-01-01|dead-url=yes|df=|archivedate=2013-01-01|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130101155710/http://www.nuestratierra.com.co/nominados-a-los-premios-nuestra-tierra-2012/}}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="6" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Best Pop Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best Pop Performance of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Hips Don't Lie" | Best Urban Performance of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" |"Fijacion Vol. 1" | Best Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"La Pared" | Best Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2008 | rowspan="1" |"Hay Amores" | Best movie Soundtrack national |{{won}} |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Best website Colombian artist |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Artist of the Year (Public) |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |"Loba" | Best Pop Performance of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Music Video of the Year (Colombian) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="9" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="2" |"Waka Waka (This Time For Africa)" | Best Song of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Song of the Year (Public) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Loca" | Best Music Video of the Year (Colombian) |{{won}} |- | rowspan="5" |Shakira | Best Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Artist of the Year (Public) |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Twittered of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Fan Club |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" |"Sale El Sol" | Album Of The Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="4" |Shakira | Best Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Pop Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Artist of the Year (Public) |Aliteuliwa |- | Twittered of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | "Antes de las Seis" | Best Pop Performance of the Year |{{nom}} |- {{end}} ==Premios Oye!== SHakira ameshinda tuzo tisa.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.premiosoye.com.mx/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=38|title= Winners of Premios Oye! 2002-08|accessdate= 2009-11-02|publisher= Premiosoye|archivedate= 2013-07-15|archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/6I7skbTC6?url=http://www.premiosoye.com.mx/index.php?option=com_content}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Leila Cobo and|first=Teresa Aguilera|date=2002-12-14|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4649117-1.html|title=Oye! Awards Spotlight Mexican Music|accessdate=2009-11-02|work=Allbusiness|publisher=Billboard|archivedate=2008-11-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081118111153/http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/miscellaneous-retail-retail-stores-not/4649117-1.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=kalek|first=|date=2007-07-14|url=http://tvnotiblog.com/nominados-a-los-premios-oye-2007/|title=Nominados a los premios Oye! 2007|language=spanish|accessdate=2009-11-30|publisher=TVnotiblog|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7slpTDn?url=http://tvnotiblog.com/nominados-a-los-premios-oye-2007/|archivedate=2013-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiosoye.com.mx/Nominados_Premio_Oye_2010.pdf|title=Premios Oye 2010 Nominados|language=spanish|accessdate=2010-09-04|publisher=Premiosoye.com|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922111359/http://www.premiosoye.com.mx/Nominados_Premio_Oye_2010.pdf|archivedate=2010-09-22|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiosoye.com.mx/resources/pdf/Premio_Oye_2012_Boletin_de_Prensa_Nominados.pdf |title=Premios Oye Nominados 2012 |language=spanish |accessdate=2011-12-21 |publisher=Premiosoye |format=pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131092647/http://www.premiosoye.com.mx/resources/pdf/Premio_Oye_2012_Boletin_de_Prensa_Nominados.pdf |archivedate=2012-01-31 |df= }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="3"|Shakira | Best International Female Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | Best Spanish Breakthrough of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2005 | Shakira | Best Pop Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="5" align="center"|2006 | "Oral Fixation Vol. 2" | Best English Record of the Year |{{won}} |- | "Día de Enero" | Premio Social a la Música |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3"|"Hips Don't Lie" | Best Spanish Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best English Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | Video of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2007 | rowspan="2" |"Te Lo Agradezco, Pero No" | Best Spanish Video of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Best Spanish Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="1" |"She Wolf" | Spanish Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2012 | rowspan="1" |"Sale El Sol" | Spanish Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | Shakira | Female Artist of the Year |Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===Pollstar Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | 2018 | Shakira | Best Latin Tour | {{won}} {{end}} ===Radio Disney Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | 2014 | Shakira | Radio Disney Hero Award | {{won}} {{end}} ===Record of the Year Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | Whenever Wherever | Record of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2006 | Hips Don't Lie | Record of the Year |Aliteuliwa<br> |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2007 | Beautiful Liar (pamoja na [[Beyonce]]) | Record of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===Ritmo Latino Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|1999 | "¿Dónde Están Los Ladrones?" | Best International Female Artist |{{won}} |- | Shakira | Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | "Suerte" | Music Video of the Year |{{won}} {{end}} === Shock Awards === {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|1996 | Shakira | Best Songwriter |{{won}} |- |Pies Descalzos |Best Album |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" align="center"|1999 | rowspan="3" |Shakira | Person of the Year |{{won}} |- | Best Music Composer |{{won}} |- | Best Artist |{{won}} |- | Dónde Están los Ladrones? | Best Album |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2000 | "Hay amores" | Best Soundtrack in a Film |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | Shakira | Artist of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2005 | "[[Fijación Oral Vol. 1]]" | Best Album |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2009 | "She Wolf" | Best Radio Song |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2010 | "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Best Radio Song |Aliteuliwa |- |"She Wolf" | Album of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2016 | "La Bicicleta" | Best Radio Song |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Swiss Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara moja.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.swissmusicawards.ch/pdf/news_en/Medienmitteilung_6.pdf |title=Swiss Music Awards 2011 - Winners |accessdate=2011-03-10 |work=Swissmusicawards.ch |language=german |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003550/http://www.swissmusicawards.ch/pdf/news_en/Medienmitteilung_6.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-07 |df= }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2011 | "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)" | Best International Hit |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Telehit Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2008 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | rowspan="2"|Most Important Latin Artist in the World |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2009 |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="1"|"Rabiosa" | rowspan="1"|Song of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | rowspan="1"|Artist of the Decade |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===Teen Choice Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara mbili.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://teenchoiceawards.com/vote-music.php|title=Teen Choice Awards 2010|date=2010-06-14|work=Teenchoice|accessdate=2010-06-14|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329170600/http://www.teenchoiceawards.com/vote-music.php|archivedate=2011-03-29|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://teenchoiceawards.com/vote-other.php|title=Teen Choice Awards 2010|work=Teenchoice|accessdate=2010-06-28|archive-url=https://archive.today/20100830102114/http://www.teenchoiceawards.com/vote-other.php|archive-date=2010-08-30|dead-url=yes|df=|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20100830102114/http://www.teenchoiceawards.com/vote-other.php|archivedate=2010-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b194304_vampires_dont_suck_teen_choice_awards.html|title=Vampires Don't Suck at Teen Choice Awards (Neither Do Justin Bieber, Sandra Bullock or the Kardashians)|work=E!online|accessdate=2010-08-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/07/17/second-wave-of-nominations-for-teen-choice-2014-announced/283935/ |title=Second Wave of Nominations for 'Teen Choice 2014' Announced |date=July 17, 2014 |accessdate=July 21, 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928084947/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/07/17/second-wave-of-nominations-for-teen-choice-2014-announced/283935/ |archivedate=2015-09-28 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720001014/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/07/17/second-wave-of-nominations-for-teen-choice-2014-announced/283935/ }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2002 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Teen Choice Award for Choice Music - Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2010 | rowspan="2"|Shakira | Choice Music :Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | Choice Others: Activist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2014 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Choice TV Reality Personality - Female |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2015 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Choice Twit |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2016 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Choice Song from a Movie or TV Show: "Try Everything" |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="3" align="center"|2017 | rowspan="1"|Shakira | Choice Latin Artist |Aliteuliwa |- |Chantaje pamoja na [[Maluma (singer)|Maluma]] |rowspan="2"|Choice Latin Song |Aliteuliwa |- |Deja Vu pamoja na [[Prince Royce]] |Aliteuliwa |- |} ===TRL Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.it/trlawards/vota-web.asp |title=TRL Music Awards 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227154458/http://www.mtv.it/trlawards/vota-web.asp |archivedate=2011-02-27 |df= }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2011 | rowspan="2" | "Shakira" | Too Much Award |Aliteuliwa |- | Wonder Woman Award |{{won}} |- {{end}} ===Urban Music Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urbanmusicawards.net/us_news.php?id=108&start=0&limit=10 |title=Urban Music Awards U.S.A Reveals Nominations |date=2009-05-01 |accessdate=2009-11-02 |publisher=Urbanmusicawards |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509082404/http://www.urbanmusicawards.net/us_news.php?id=108&start=0&limit=10 |archivedate=2009-05-09 |df= }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- |rowspan="1"| 2009 | Shakira | Best Latino International Act | Aliteuliwa {{end}} ===VH1 Do Something Awards=== {{awards table}} |- |rowspan="1"| 2010 | rowspan="2" |Shakira | rowspan="2" |DO SOMETHING Music Artist | Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="1"| 2012 | {{won}} {{end}} ===Virgin Media Music Awards=== {{awards table}} |- | style="text-align:center;" rowspan="1"|2011 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="1"|Shakira |Virgin Media Music Award for Best Female |{{won}} |- |} ===World Music Awards=== Shakira ameshinda tuzo hii mara saba.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1ennp_shakira1998worldmusicawardsbest_music|title= Shakira won Best Latin Artist at 1998 World Music Awards |accessdate=2009-11-02|publisher=Dailymotion}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=2000704|title=Winners of 2003 World Music Awards |date=2003-10-13|accessdate=2009-11-02|publisher=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.popstarsplus.com/awards_worldmusicawards.htm|title=Winners and Nominees of 2005 World Music Awards|accessdate=2009-11-02|publisher=popstarsplus|archivedate=2013-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922130052/http://www.popstarsplus.com/awards_worldmusicawards.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Megan|first=Romer|date=2006-05-11|url=http://worldmusic.about.com/od/newsarticles/a/2006IRAWMA.htm|title=2006 International Reggae and World Music Awards Winners|accessdate=2009-11-02|work=About.com|publisher=The New York Times Company|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7sqkbVv?url=http://worldmusic.about.com/od/newsarticles/a/2006IRAWMA.htm|archivedate=2013-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.celebrity-mania.com/news/view/00004163.html|title=Mika and Akon Scored Big at 2007 World Music Award|date=2007-11-05|accessdate=2009-11-02|publisher=Celebrity-mania|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6I7srR1Hy?url=http://www.celebrity-mania.com/news/view/00004163.html|archivedate=2013-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.azcentral.com/ent/celeb/articles/1105wma-CR.html?&wired|title= Mika, Akon big winners at World Music Awards|date=2007-11-05|accessdate=2009-11-02|publisher=Azcentral}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009059217|title=World Music Awards Honor International Artists|date=2007-11-05|accessdate=2009-11-02|work=Allheadlinenews|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313092755/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009059217|archive-date=2008-03-13|dead-url=yes|df=|archivedate=2008-03-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313092755/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009059217}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.celebrity-mania.com/news/view/00013131.html|title=Lady GaGa Is Big Winner at 2010 World Music Award|date=|accessdate=2010-05-19|work=Celebrity - mania|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708131508/http://www.celebrity-mania.com/news/view/00013131.html|archivedate=2011-07-08|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldmusicawards.com/?page_id=26 |title=World Music Awards 2012 - Best Female Artist |publisher=Worldmusic |accessdate=2012-12-08 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6CkGSzOqX?url=http://www.worldmusicawards.com/?page_id=26 |archivedate=2012-12-08 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldmusicawards.com/?page_id=26#!worlds-best-entertainer-of-the-year/c17uc |title=World Music Awards 2012 - Entertainer of the Year |publisher=Worldmusic |accessdate=2012-12-12 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6CrJhiAa0?url=http://www.worldmusicawards.com/?page_id=26 |archivedate=2012-12-12 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>http://worldmusicawards.com/index.php/vote/</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|1998 | rowspan="11" |Shakira | rowspan="4" |World's Best Selling Latin Female Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2003 |{{won}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2005 |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" align="center"|2006 |{{won}} |- | World's Best Selling Female Artist |{{won}} |- | align="center"|2007 | World's Best Selling Pop Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | align="center"|2010 | World's Best Selling Latin American Artist |{{won}} |- | rowspan="10" align="center"|2014 | World's Best Female Artist |Aliteuliwa |- | World's Best selling Latin Artist |{{won}} |- | World's Best Live Act |Aliteuliwa |- | World's Best Entertainer of the Year |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2"|"Can't Remember to Forget You" <small>(pamoja na [[Rihanna]])</small> | World's Best Song |Aliteuliwa |- | World's Best Video |Aliteuliwa |- |rowspan="2" |"Empire" | World's Best Song |Aliteuliwa |- | World's Best Video |Aliteuliwa |- | ''Shakira'' | rowspan="2" |World's Best Album |Aliteuliwa |- | ''Live from Paris'' |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ===World Soundtrack Awards=== Shakira ameteuliwa mara moja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldsoundtrackacademy.com/news2.cgi?go=detail&id=601&lang=en |title=Nominees World Soundtrack Awards 2008 announced |date=2008-08-18 |accessdate=2009-11-02 |publisher=Worldsoundtrackacademy |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090125112911/http://www.worldsoundtrackacademy.com/news2.cgi?go=detail&id=601&lang=en |archivedate=2009-01-25 |df= }}</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="1" align="center"|2008 | "Despedida" | World Soundtrack Award for Best Original Song Written Directly for a Film |Aliteuliwa |- {{end}} ==Marejeo== {{reflist|2}} {{s-start}} {{s-ach|aw}} {{succession box | title = [[Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album]] | years = 2001<br />'''for ''[[MTV Unplugged (Shakira album)|Shakira MTV Unplugged]]'' ''' | before= [[Rubén Blades]]<br />for ''Tiempo'' | after = [[Freddy Fender]]<br />for ''La Música de Baldemar Huerta'' }} {{succession box | title = [[Grammy Award for Best Latin Rock/Alternative Album]] | years = 2006<br />'''for ''[[Fijación Oral Vol. 1]]'' ''' | before= [[Ozomatli]]<br />for ''[[Street Signs (album)|Street Signs]]'' | after = [[Maná]]<br />for ''[[Amar es Combatir]]'' }} {{s-bef|rows=3|before=[[Alejandro Sanz]]<br />for ''Tú No Tienes Alma''}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Latin Grammy Award for Record of the Year]] | years=2006<br />'''for ''[[La Tortura]]'' '''}} {{s-aft|rows=3|after=[[Juan Luis Guerra]]<br />for ''[[La Llave de Mi Corazón (song)|La Llave de Mi Corazón]]''}} |- {{s-ttl|title=[[Latin Grammy Award for Song of the Year]] | years=2006<br />'''for ''La Tortura'' '''}} |- {{s-ttl|title=[[Latin Grammy Award for Album of the Year]] | years = 2006<br />'''for ''[[Fijación Oral Vol. 1]]'' '''}} {{end}} ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kolombia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kolombia]] 4lz4yer07cz91s1nb768bq7jfhwuxyp 0 69320 1615620 1527592 2026-11-08T08:29:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox album| | Jina = Tupac: Resurrection | Type = [[Soundtrack album]] | Msanii = [[Tupac Shakur|2Pac]] | Cover = Resurrectioncoverfront.jpg | Imetolewa = 4 Novemba, 2003 <small>([[Marekani]])</small> | Aina = [[Hip hop music|Hip hop]] | Urefu = 54:59 | Studio = [[Amaru Entertainment|Amaru]] | Mtayarishaji = [[Eminem]], [[Johnny "J"]], [[Stretch]], [[Shock G]], [[Easy Mo Bee]], [[Red Spyda]] | Reviews = | Albamu iliyopita = ''[[Nu-Mixx Klazzics]]''<br>(2003) | Albamu ya sasa = '''''Tupac: Resurrection (Original Soundtrack)'''''<br>(2003) | Albamu ijayo = ''[[2Pac Live]]''<br />(2004) }} {{Album ratings | rev1 = [[Allmusic]] | rev1Score = {{rating|4|5}} <ref>[{{Allmusic|class=album|id=r666231|pure_url=yes}} Allmusic review]</ref> | rev2 = RapReviews.com | rev2Score = (8/10) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rapreviews.com/archive/2003_11_tupacres.html |title=RapReviews review |accessdate=2013-09-27 |archivedate=2012-07-10 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/692Ycr90H?url=http://www.rapreviews.com/archive/2003_11_tupacres.html }}</ref> | rev3 = ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' | rev3Score = {{rating|2|5}} <ref>[http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/tupac-resurrection-sdtk-20031120 Rolling Stone review]</ref> | rev4 = ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]'' | rev4Score = {{rating|4|5}} <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.uncut.co.uk/tupac-resurrection/tupac-resurrection-interscope-review |title=Uncut review |accessdate=2013-09-27 |archivedate=2013-05-05 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130505114437/http://www.uncut.co.uk/tupac-resurrection/tupac-resurrection-interscope-review }}</ref><ref>[http://www.cduniverse.com/productinfo.asp?pid=6385008&style=music Album Reviews at CD Universe]</ref> }} '''''Tupac: Resurrection''''' ilitolewa na [[Amaru Entertainment]] kama kibwagizo cha filamu ya makala kuhusu Tupac ya mwaka wa 2003. ''[[Tupac: Resurrection]]'' ilipata kuchaguliwa katika sherehe za Tuzo za Academy. Ina rekodi kadhaa zilizowahi kutolewa na 2Pac, ikiwa ni pamoja na "Death Around the Corner" kutoka katika ''[[Me Against the World]]'', "Secretz of War" kutoka katika ''[[Still I Rise]]'', [[Holler If Ya Hear Me]] kutoka katika ''[[Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z.]]'' na "Rebel of the Underground" kutoka katika ''[[2Pacalypse Now]]''; na mistari kadhaa ya 2Pac ambayo haikutolewa hapo awali na zimepangwa upya kwenye nyimbo mpya kama vile "Ghost", "One Day at a Time", na "Runnin (Dying to Live)". Albamu imeenda kuuza nakala zaidi ya 420,000 na kupata hadhi ya platinum katika wiki yake ya kwanza. [[Eminem]] ametayarisha sehemu nyingi za albamu hii. Wimbo wa "Runnin (Dying to Live)" ulishinda tuzo ya Top Soundtrack Song of the Year kwenye sherehe za 2005 ASCAP Rhythm & Soul Music Awards. Albamu ina wasanii kama vile [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], [[Eminem]], [[50 Cent]], [[Outlawz]], na [[Digital Underground]]. "Intro", "Ghost", "Death Around The Corner", "Bury Me A G" and "Str8 Ballin'" hazikuwepo katika filamu hii, lakini zimeonekana katika albamu. Imeuza nakala 1,666,335 huko nchini Marekani kwa mwaka wa 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2011/09/tupac-month-2pacs-discography/#2 |title=Tupac Month: 2Pac’s Discography |deadurl=no |accessdate=May 27, 2013}}</ref> ==Orodha ya nyimbo== {{tracklist | extra_column = Mtayarishaji | title1 = Intro | extra1 = | length1 = 0:05 | note1 = ambazo awali zilikuwa hazijatolewa | title2 = Ghost | extra2 = <small>[[Eminem]]</small> | length2 = 4:17 | note2 = ambazo awali zilikuwa hazijatolewa | title3 = [[One Day at a Time (Em's Version)]] | extra3 = <small>Eminem</small> | length3 = 3:44 | note3 = akiwa na Eminem akishirikiana na. [[Outlawz]], ambazo awali zilikuwa hazijatolewa | title4 = Death Around the Corner | extra4 = <small>[[Johnny "J"]]</small> | length4 = 4:07 | note4 = kutoka [[Me Against The World]], 1995 | title5 = Secretz of War | extra5 = <small>Johnny "J"</small> | length5 = 4:13 | note5 = akishirikiana na Outlawz, kutoka [[Still I Rise]], 1999 | title6 = [[Runnin' (Dying to Live)]] | extra6 = <small>Eminem</small> | length6 = 3:51 | note6 = akishirikiana na [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], imetolewa mnamo 2002 | title7 = [[Holler If Ya Hear Me]] | extra7 = <small>Stretch</small> | length7 = 4:38 | note7 = kutoka [[Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z]], 1993 | title8 = Starin' Through My Rear View | extra8 = <small>[[Tupac Shakur|Makaveli]], Johnny "J"</small> | length8 = 5:11 | note8 = akishirikiana na Outlawz, from [[Gang Related (kibwagizo)|Gang Related]] soundtrack, 1997 | title9 = Bury Me a G | extra9 = <small>Thug Music</small> | length9 = 5:00 | note9 = akishirikiana na [[Thug Life]], kutoka [[Thug Life Volume 1]], 1994 | title10 = Same Song | extra10 = <small>[[Shock G]]</small> | length10 = 3:57 | note10 = akishirikiana na [[Digital Underground]], kutoka [[This Is an EP Release]], 1991 | title11 = Panther Power | extra11 = <small>Chopmaster J and Strictly Dope</small> | length11 = 4:36 | note11 = akishirikiana na Tyson, from [[Beginnings: The Lost Tapes 1988–1991]], 2000 | title12 = Str8 Ballin' | extra12 = <small>[[Easy Mo Bee]]</small> | length12 = 5:04 | note12 = kutoka [[Thug Life Volume 1]], 1994 | title13 = Rebel of the Underground | extra13 = <small>Shock G</small> | length13 = 3:17 | note13 = kutoka [[2Pacalypse Now]], 1991</small> | title14 = The Realist Killaz | extra14 = <small>[[Red Spyda]]</small> | length14 = 2:59 | note14 = akishirikiana na [[50 Cent]], ambazo awali zilikuwa hazijatolewa }} ==Sampuli== *"Runnin' (Dying to Live)" **"Dying to Live" ya Edgar Winter *"The Realist Killaz" **"[[Hail Mary]]" ya [[Makaveli]] *"Starin' Through My Rear View" **"[[In The Air Tonight]]" ya [[Phil Collins]] ==Nafasi za Chati za Albamu== {| class="wikitable" |- ! '''Chati''' ! '''Nafasi iliyoshika''' |- | Belgium Charts (Flanders) | style="text-align:center;"|#41<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Tupac&titel=Resurrection&cat=a |title=Tupac - Resurrection |publisher=ultratop.be |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02}}</ref> |- | [[Billboard 200]] | style="text-align:center;"|#2<ref name="allmusic1">{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p50051/charts-awards |title=2Pac |publisher=AllMusic |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405025006/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/2pac-mn0000921895/awards |archivedate=2013-04-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | Canadian Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#3<ref name="allmusic1"/> |- | Dutch Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#36<ref>{{cite web|author=Steffen Hung |url=http://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Tupac&titel=Resurrection&cat=a |title=Tupac - Resurrection |publisher=dutchcharts.nl |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02}}</ref> |- | Deutsch Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#76<ref>{{cite web |author=musicline.de / PhonoNet GmbH |url=http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/title/TUPAC/Resurrection/longplay |title=Die ganze Musik im Internet: Charts, News, Neuerscheinungen, Tickets, Genres, Genresuche, Genrelexikon, Künstler-Suche, Musik-Suche, Track-Suche, Ticket-Suche |publisher=musicline.de |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924224635/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/title/TUPAC/Resurrection/longplay |archivedate=2012-09-24 }}</ref> |- | French Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#57<ref>{{cite web|author=Steffen Hung |url=http://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Tupac&titel=Resurrection&cat=a |title=Tupac - Resurrection |publisher=lescharts.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02}}</ref> |- | Irish Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#25<ref>http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Farchive%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240002&arch=t&lyr=2003&year=2003&week=46 {{Wayback|url=http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Farchive%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240002&arch=t&lyr=2003&year=2003&week=46 |date=20120604002856 }}"</ref> |- |Switzerland Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#68<ref>{{cite web|author=Steffen Hung |url=http://hitparade.ch/showitem.asp?interpret=Tupac&titel=Resurrection&cat=a |title=Tupac - Resurrection |publisher=hitparade.ch |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02}}</ref> |- | Top R&B/Rap Albums | style="text-align:center;"|#3<ref name="allmusic1"/> |- | UK Charts | style="text-align:center;"|#62<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/2pac/ |title=2PAC - The Official Charts Company |publisher=Theofficialcharts.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-02}}</ref> |} ==Single za albamu== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Maelezo ya single |- |align="left"|'''''"[[One Day at a Time (Em's Version)]]"''''' *Imetolewa: 2003 *B-side: |- |align="left"|'''''"[[Runnin' (Dying to Live)]]"''''' *Imetolewa: 2003 *B-side: "[[Still Ballin]]" |} ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Tupac Shakur}} [[Jamii:Vibwagizo vya filamu]] [[Jamii:Albamu za 2003]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na Eminem]] otgjlhbaxgv8nanodrnxox8r3c2zzic 0 70755 1615442 1222966 2026-11-07T22:26:45Z Tbm 44189 1615442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ExamplesSidebar|35%| *Kuku yule '''mweusi''' ametaga mayai kumi *Askari '''magereza''' amepigwa na mfungwa *Kaka unanipa hadithi ya '''kuvutia''' *Raia '''mwema''' amehama mtaa }} '''Kivumishi''' ni [[neno]]/maneno yanayotoa taarifa ya ziada katika [[nomino]]. Kivumishi hufanya kazi ya kufafanua/kuelezea zaidi kuhusu nomino ili kupambanua/kuitofautisha nomino husika miongoni mwa nomino nyingine. [[Kiwakilishi]] ni aina ya maneno ambayo husimama kuwakilisha nomino. Kivumishi hutoa taarifa ya ziada kuhusu nomino, kiwakilishi (endapo nomino haipo) au kivumishi chenzake (endapo kuna vivumishi zaidi ya kimoja katika [[tungo]] husika). ;Mifano: *Kijana '''yule''' ana tabia '''nzuri''' *Majumba <u>kumi</u> yamevunjika *Mawingu <u>meusi</u> yametanda angani *Yule <u>mpole</u> amesafiri *Bata <u>mweupe</u> ni wa jirani ==Aina za vivumishi== #[[Vivumishi vya sifa]] #[[Vivumishi vya idadi]] pia ''vya kiasi'' #[[Vivumishi ya kuuliza]] #[[Vivumishi vya kuonesha]]/Vivumishi vionyeshi/viashiria #[[Vivumishi vya kumiliki]] #[[Vivumishi vya -a unganifu]] #[[Vivumishi vya urejeshi]] #[[Vivumishi vya pekee]] #[[Vivumishi vya jina kwa jina]]/nomino #[[Vivumishi visisitizi]] Inafanana kabisa na orodha ya viwakilishi, tofauti yake ni hali ya [[nafsi]] tu. Yaani, hakuna kivumishi cha nafsi. ==Tazama pia== *[[Lango:Lugha]] *[[Viwakilishi]] {{aina za maneno}} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Isimu]] mo8gbcdck74l91u85rn203qxg05b0ba 0 70759 1615441 1304419 2026-11-07T22:26:06Z Tbm 44189 1615441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ExamplesSidebar|35%| *Watu '''wanne''' wamepotea, ''idadi halisi/kamili'' *Wanafunzi '''saba''' wamefaulu, ''idadi halisi/kamili'' *Nyumba '''nyingi''' hazina umeme, ''idadi ya jumla'' *Simba '''wachache''' wamevamia kijiji, ''idadi ya jumla'' }} '''Vivumishi vya idadi''' (pia '''Vivumishi vya kiasi''') ni neno/maneno yanayotoa taarifa ya idadi ihusuyo nomino au kiwakilishi cha nomino. Idadi hiyo inaweza kuwa ya jumla au idadi kamili au halisi. ;Mifano: *Wanafunzi <u>wawili</u> wamelala darasani *Wajumbe <u>sita</u> wamesimamishwa *Nyoka <u>wengi</u> wana sumu kali *Maembe <u>machache</u> yameiva *Wananchi <u>wengi</u> wameandamana ==Tazama pia== *[[Lango:Lugha]] *[[Vivumishi]] *[[Viwakilishi]] {{Aina za maneno}} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Isimu]] [[Jamii:Sarufi]] h389lodukqrmyl8tbuhz8tmko3yeu3z 0 70849 1615444 922500 2026-11-07T22:27:40Z Tbm 44189 1615444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ExamplesSidebar|35%| *Gari '''gani''' limeharibika? *Nyumba '''ipi''' inapangishwa *Rafiki '''yupi''' unampenda sana }} '''Vivumishi vya kuulizia''' ni maneno yanayoulizia taarifa inayohusu nomino au kiwakilishi cha nomino. ;Mifano: *Mzee <u>yupi</u> anaumwa? *Miti <u>mingapi</u> imekatwa? *Unafanya <u>kazi</u> gani? *Chakula <u>kipi</u> ni kitamu? *Mwalimu <u>yupi</u> anafundisha vizuri? ==Tazama pia== *[[Lango:Lugha]] *[[Vivumishi]] *[[Viwakilishi]] {{aina za maneno}} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Isimu]] [[Jamii:Sarufi]] lfa7p0ygww46srqzm1bpi80pb76kbei 0 70929 1615445 1293325 2026-11-07T22:27:55Z Tbm 44189 1615445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ExamplesSidebar|35%| *Oliver '''hakutaka''' ''kula'' ugali *Habibu '''angali''' ''anasoma'' darasani *Sisi '''tunataka''' ''kwenda'' '''kuogelea''' mtoni }} '''Kitenzi kikuu kisaidizi''' (alama yake ya [[isimu|kiisimu]] ni: '''TS''') ni [[kitenzi]] ambacho hukaa sambamba na [[kitenzi kikuu]] ili kukisaidia kukamilisha taarifa. Kitenzi kikuu kisaidizi kikiwa peke yake hakiwezi kutoa taarifa kamili. Hivyo basi ni lazima kiambatane na kitenzi kingine (kikuu) ndipo taarifa yake ikamilike. ==Uchambuzi== *Babu yangu '''alikuwa''' ''anaumwa'' sana (''alikuwa'' ni kitenzi kisaidizi '''TS''' - na ''anaumwa'' ni kitenzi kikuu '''T'''). *Wezi '''walikuwa''' ''wanataka'' '''kuiba''' fedha zake (''walikuwa'' na ''wanataka'' vyote ni vitenzi visaidizi - isipokuwa '''kuiba''' ambapo hapa kimeainishika kama kitenzi kikuu). Kwa kawaida kitenzi kikuu hukaa mwisho hata kama nyuma yake kutakuwa na wasaidizi kumi. *Anna '''alikuwa''' ''anataka'' '''kwenda''' ''kununua'' matunda sokoni ('''alikuwa''', '''anataka''', na '''kwenda''' vyote ni vitenzi visaidizi isipokuwa '''kununua''' inabaki kuwa kitenzi kikuu *Upepo '''ulikuwa''' ''umesha'' '''ezua''' mabati yote *Juma '''hakuwa''' ''anataka'' '''kwenda''' ''kununua'' matunda sokoni '''Angalizo''': Kitenzi kikuu alama yake ni '''T''' kubwa na kitenzi kisaidizi alama yake ni '''TS'''. ===Dhima za kitenzi kikuu kisaidizi=== Dhima za kitenzi kikuu kisaidizi zimegawanyika katika makundi makuu mawili - nayo ni: 1) Kujulisha ''njeo'' (njeo = wakati, nyakati) 2) Kujulisha uyakinishi na ukanushi wa tendo/matendo <big>Sifa za Kitenzi kisaidizi</big> - Hakikamilishi taarifa. Mfano, Baba '''''alikuwa''''' - Mara zote huambatana na kitenzi kikuu katika kutoa taarifa. Mfano, Upepo '''ulikuwa''' unavuma. - Hudokeza nyakati mbalimbali za kutendeka kwa tendo. Yaani, wakati uliopo, uliopita na ujao. Mfano, Alikuwa, Atakuwa, n.k ==Tazama pia== *[[Lango:Lugha]] *[[Vivumishi]] *[[Viwakilishi]] {{aina za maneno}} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Isimu]] [[Jamii:Sarufi]] fecm1j69ld4ur744o05rdvozy20shys 0 70930 1615443 1298007 2026-11-07T22:27:21Z Tbm 44189 1615443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ExamplesSidebar|35%| *Yeye '''ndiye''' mwalimu wao *Sisi '''tu''' wanafunzi watiifu *Jembe '''li''' shambani }} '''Kitenzi kishirikishi''' (alama yake ya [[isimu|kiisimu]] ni: '''t''') ni kitenzi ambacho hujulisha hali ya kuwepo au kutokuwepo kwa uhusiano/ushirikiano baina ya vipashio vya lugha. Uhusiano huo unaweza kuwa katika '''tabia''', '''hali''', au '''mazingira''' fulani. ==Mfano== *Khadija '''ni''' mwizi ('''ni''', ni hali ya ''kuyakinisha'' ya kwamba Khadija ana uhusiano na '''tabia''' ya wizi). *Joseph '''alikuwa''' mwalimu wetu (tendo kamilifu). *Amina '''hakuwa''' ''mchoyo'' (hapa ''inakanusha'' ya kwamba Amina ''hana'' uhusiano '''tabia''' ya uchoyo). *Kikombe '''ki''' ''mezani'' (hapa kipashio cha ''ki'' kimetumika kutaja mazingira au mahali kikombe kilipo - kiko mezani). *Juma '''yu''' ''mgonjwa'' (hapa inataja tena hali ya nafsi - ni mgonjwa). '''Angalizo''': Kitenzi kishiriki alama yake ni '''t''' ndogo. ==Aina za vitenzi vishirikishi== Aina za vitenzi vishirikishi vimegawanyika katika makundi makuu mawili - navyo ni: 1) [[Vitenzi vishirikishi vikamilifu]] 2) [[Vitenzi vishiriki vipungufu]] ==Tazama pia== *[[Lango:Lugha]] *[[Vivumishi]] *[[Viwakilishi]] {{aina za maneno}} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Isimu]] [[Jamii:Sarufi]] kqw5p1yslpmehe6kxsi2q5kdi5n08db 0 72454 1615623 1580070 2026-11-08T08:45:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615623 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Maquina vapor Watt ETSIIM.jpg|thumb|[[Injini]] kama hii, iliyotegemea [[makaa]], ilisukuma [[mapinduzi ya viwanda]] huko [[Britania]].]] [[File:McKinley Prosperity.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Tangazo la ubora wa ubepari.]] [[File:NY stock exchange traders floor LC-U9-10548-6.jpg|thumb|right|[[Soko la hisa]] la [[New York]], [[Marekani]] ([[1963]]).]] '''Ubepari''' ni [[mfumo wa uchumi]] ambamo [[biashara]], [[viwanda]] na [[vitegauchumi]] vingine vinatawaliwa na watu [[binafsi]] kwa kiasi kikubwa na kwa lengo la kupata [[faida]]. Nafasi ya [[serikali]] ni ndogo. Vilevile lengo la kuhudumia [[jamii]] katika mahitaji yake haliongozi mipango.<ref>[http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/capitalism “Capitalism”] {{Wayback|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/capitalism |date=20160827071223 }} ''Oxford Dictionaries''. “capitalism. an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.” Retrieved 4 January 2013.</ref><ref>Chris Jenks. ''Core Sociological Dichotomies''. “Capitalism, as a mode of production, is an economic system of manufacture and exchange which is geared toward the production and sale of commodities within a market for profit, where the manufacture of commodities consists of the use of the formally free labor of workers in exchange for a wage to create commodities in which the manufacturer extracts surplus value from the labor of the workers in terms of the difference between the wages paid to the worker and the value of the commodity produced by him/her to generate that profit.” London, England, UK; Thousand Oaks, California, USA; New Delhi, India: SAGE. p. 383.</ref> Kati ya sifa za ubepari kuna [[ulimbikizaji wa mtaji]], [[ushindani]] katika [[soko huria]] na [[kazi]] zinazolipwa [[mshahara]].<ref>Heilbroner, Robert L. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000053 "capitalism."] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000053 |date=20171028232506 }} Durlauf, Steven N.and Lawrence E. Blume, eds., ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics''. 2nd ed. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008) {{DOI|10.1057/9780230226203.0198}}</ref> Katika mfumo huo, pande zinazokabiliana zinapanga zenyewe [[bei]] kwa [[makubaliano]], bila kuingiliwa na [[mamlaka]] yoyote ya nje.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/capitalism "an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market"</ref> Ubepari una viwango tofauti vya [[uhuru]] huo, kadiri ya [[nchi]]:<ref name="Modern Economics 1986, p. 54">''Macmillan Dictionary of Modern Economics'', 3rd Ed., 1986, p. 54.</ref>[[Kiingereza]] kinaainisha [[laissez-faire]] capitalism, [[welfare capitalism]], [[crony capitalism]] na [[state capitalism]].<ref name="Stilwell">Stilwell, Frank. “Political Economy: the Contest of Economic Ideas.” First Edition. Oxford University Press. Melbourne, Australia. 2002.</ref> ==Historia== Kihistoria, ubepari uliwahi kuwepo tangu zamani kwa namna mbalimbali, lakini ulianza kutawala baada ya mifumo ya [[Karne za Kati]] za [[Ulaya]] kupitwa na wakati na [[mapinduzi ya viwanda]] kushika kasi. [[Ubeberu]], [[ukoloni]], halafu [[utandawazi]] vimefanya ubepari uenee duniani kote.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu | year= 2007 | last1= James | first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= Gills | first2= Barry | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 1: Global Markets and Capitalism | url= http://www.academia.edu/4199690/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._1_Global_Markets_and_Capitalism_editor_with_Barry_Gills_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}}</ref> Katika [[karne ya 20]] ubepari ulishindana na mfumo mbadala wa [[ukomunisti]] ambao ulitia mkazo juu ya ma[[jukumu]] ya serikali katika uchumi mpaka kuwanyima wananchi nafasi ya kuwajibika. Hata hivyo, baada ya kushinda,<ref name="britannica">{{cite book |title=Capitalism|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|year=2006}}</ref><ref>James Fulcher, ''Capitalism, A Very Short Introduction'', “In one respect there can, however, be little doubt that capitalism has gone global and that is in the elimination of alternative systems.” p. 99, Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-19-280218-7.</ref> <ref>{{Rejea kitabu | year= 2007 | last1= James | first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= Gills | first2= Barry | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 1: Global Markets and Capitalism | url= http://www.academia.edu/4199690/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._1_Global_Markets_and_Capitalism_editor_with_Barry_Gills_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London | page= xxiii}}</ref>ubepari pia umeingiza uchumi wa dunia katika hali tete, kama ilivyojitokeza mwanzoni mwa [[karne ya 21]]. Watetezi wa ubepari wanasisitiza kwamba mfumo huo unaleta [[ustawi wa jamii]] ulio mkubwa kuliko ule unaoletwa na mifumo mingine yoyote, kiasi kwamba hatimaye wote wanafaidika, si ma[[tajiri]] tu.<ref>Friedman, Milton. ''Capitalism and Freedom''. [Chicago]: University of Chicago, 1962.</ref> Critics of capitalism variously associate it with economic instability,<ref>Krugman, Paul, Wells, Robin, ''Economics'', Worth Publishers, New York, (2006)</ref> Wengi wanapinga hoja hiyo kwa kuonyesha [[umati]] unaokosa [[kazi]] na [[huduma]] za msingi kutokana na [[pesa]] kutiwa maanani kuliko [[binadamu]] na [[mazingira]] kutumika kuliko uwezo wake wa kustahimili.<ref name="McMurty 1999">{{cite book |last = McMurty |first = John |title = The Cancer Stage of Capitalism |url = https://archive.org/details/cancerstageofcap0000mcmu |publisher = [[PLUTO PRESS]] |year = 1999 |isbn = 0-7453-1347-7}}</ref><ref>''The Rise of Capitalism'', 2011. Socialist Standard, no. 1284, August 2011.</ref>. [[Kanisa Katoliki]] limejitokeza kwa namna ya pekee kati ya [[dini]] mbalimbali kukosoa ubepari <ref>[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xvi_enc_20090629_caritas-in-veritate_en.html Caritas in veritate paragraph 36]</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P8C.HTM#-2FX|title=III. The Social Doctrine of the Church|publisher=The Vatican|accessdate=26 February 2008}}</ref><ref>[http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/26/us-pope-document-idUSBRE9AP0EQ20131126 O'Leary, Naomi, "Pope Attacks 'Tyranny' of Markets in Manifesto for Papacy"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/26/us-pope-document-idUSBRE9AP0EQ20131126 |date=20140821090534 }}. ''[[Reuters]]'' (November 2013) Retrieved 30 December 2013.</ref><ref>Zachary A. Goldfarb and Michelle Boorstein (26 November 2013). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/pope-francis-denounces-trickle-down-economic-theories-in-critique-of-inequality/2013/11/26/e17ffe4e-56b6-11e3-8304-caf30787c0a9_story.html Pope Francis denounces ‘trickle-down’ economic theories in critique of inequality]. ''[[The Washington Post]].'' Retrieved 26 November 2013.</ref> kama ulivyokosoa na hatimaye kuangusha ukomunisti wa [[Ulaya Mashariki]] ([[1989]]) likiongozwa na [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/apr/04/catholicism.religion13?INTCMP=SRCH |title=The first world leader |publisher=The Guardian |date=4 April 2005 |accessdate=4 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="Associated Press">{{cite web |url=http://www.cjonline.com/stories/101303/pag_pope.shtml |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040404041319/http://www.cjonline.com/stories/101303/pag_pope.shtml |archivedate=2004-04-04 |title=Poles worried, proud of Pope John Paul II 10/13/03 |last=The Associated Press |work=web.archive.org |year=2012 |accessdate=28 January 2012 }}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Marejeo== {{Refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Bacher|first=Christian|title=Capitalism, Ethics and the Paradoxon of Self-Exploitation|year=2007|publisher=GRIN Verlag|location=Munich|isbn=978-3-638-63658-2|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=w_6PqBp64y0C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA2|page=2}} * {{cite book |last=De George|first=Richard T.|title=Business Ethics|url=https://archive.org/details/businessethics00dege|year=1986|publisher=Macmillan|location=New York|isbn=978-0-02-328010-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/businessethics00dege/page/104 104]}} * {{cite book |last=Fulcher|first=James|title=Capitalism A Very Short Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/capitalismverysh00fulc_0|year=2004|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-280218-7}} * {{Rejea kitabu | year= 2007 | last1= James | first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= Gills | first2= Barry | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 1: Global Markets and Capitalism | url= http://www.academia.edu/4199690/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._1_Global_Markets_and_Capitalism_editor_with_Barry_Gills_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}} * {{cite book |last1= Lash|first1=Scott |authorlink1=Scott Lash |last2=Urry|first2= John|authorlink2=John Urry (sociologist) |year= 2000|title= The Penguin Dictionary of Sociology|url= https://archive.org/details/penguindictionar0000aber_f9p8|chapter=Capitalism|edition= 4th|publisher= Penguin Books|location= London|isbn= 978-0-14-051380-6|pages= [https://archive.org/details/penguindictionar0000aber_f9p8/page/36 36]–40|editor1-first= Nicholas|editor1-last=Abercrombie |editor2-first=Stephen |editor2-last=Hill|editor2-link= |editor3-first= Bryan S|editor3-last=Turner |editor3-link=Bryan S. Turner}} * {{cite journal |last1=McCraw |first1=Thomas K.|authorlink= Thomas K. McCraw|date=August 2011 |title= The Current Crisis and the Essence of Capitalism|journal= The Montreal Review|url= http://www.themontrealreview.com/2009/The-current-crisis-and-the-essence-of-capitalism.php|issn= 0707-9656}} * {{cite book |title=Profit Theory and Capitalism|author=Obrinsky, Mark|location=Philadelphia|publisher= University of Pennsylvania Press {{Subscription required|via=[[Questia]]}}|url=http://www.questia.com/read/4995070/profit-theory-and-capitalism|year=1983|page=1|isbn=978-0-8122-7863-7}} * {{cite book |last=Wolf|first=Eric R.|title=[[Europe and the People Without History]]|year=1982|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=978-0-520-04459-3|authorlink=Eric Wolf}} * {{cite book |last=Wood|first=Ellen Meiksins|title=The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View|year=2002|publisher=Verso|location=London|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FZPyKjVguVoC|isbn=978-1-85984-392-5|authorlink=Ellen Meiksins Wood}} {{Refend}} ==Marejeo mengine== {{Refbegin}} * [[Gar Alperovitz|Alperovitz, Gar]] (2011). ''America Beyond Capitalism: Reclaiming Our Wealth, Our Liberty, and Our Democracy, 2nd Edition.'' Democracy Collaborative Press. ISBN 0984785701 * {{Rejea kitabu |last1= Block |first1= Fred |author1-link= Fred L. Block |last2= Somers |first2= Margaret R. |year= 2014 |title= The Power of Market Fundamentalism: Karl Polyani's Critique |url= https://archive.org/details/powerofmarketfun0000bloc |location= Cambridge, MA |publisher= [[Harvard University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-674-05071-6 |ref= harv }} * {{cite book | last = Harvey | first = David | authorlink = David Harvey | title = Seventeen Contradictions and the End of Capitalism | url = https://archive.org/details/seventeencontrad0000harv_j2i4 | publisher= [[Oxford University Press]] | year = 2014 | isbn = 019936026X}} * {{Rejea kitabu | year= 2007 | last1= James | first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= Patomäki | first2= Heikki | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 2: Global Finance and the New Global Economy | url= http://www.academia.edu/4211923/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._2_Global_Finance_and_the_New_Global_Economy_editor_with_Heikki_Patomaki_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}} * {{Rejea kitabu | year= 2007 | last1= James | first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= Palen | first2= Ronen | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 3: Global Economic Regimes and Institutions | url= http://www.academia.edu/4251331/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._3_Global_Economic_Regimes_and_Institutions_editor_with_Ronen_Palan_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}} * {{cite book | year=2007 | last1= James | first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= O’Brien | first2= Robert | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour | url= http://www.academia.edu/4303461/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._4_Globalizing_Labour_editor_with_Robert_OBrien_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications |location=London }} * {{cite book | last = Mander | first = Jerry | authorlink = Jerry Mander | title = The Capitalism Papers: Fatal Flaws of an Obsolete System | url = https://archive.org/details/capitalismpapers0000mand | publisher= Counterpoint | year = 2012 | isbn = 1619021587}} * Mayfield, Anthony. "Economics", in his ''On the Brink: Resource Depletion, Debt Collapse, and Super-technology'' ([Vancouver, B.C.]: On the Brink Publishing, 2013), pp.&nbsp;50–104. ''N.B.'': The author, as well, frequently discusses aspects of economics and capitalism elsewhere (''passim.'') in the book. * {{Rejea kitabu |last1= Musacchio |first1= Aldo |last2= Lazzarini |first2= Sergio G. |year= 2014 |title= Reinventing State Capitalism: Leviathan in Business, Brazil and Beyond |url= https://archive.org/details/reinventingstate0000musa |location= Cambridge, MA |publisher= [[Harvard University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-674-72968-1 |ref= harv }} * Panitch, Leo, and Sam Gindin (2012). ''The Making of Global Capitalism: the Political Economy of American Empire''. London: Verso. ISBN 978-1-84467-742-9 * {{Rejea kitabu |last= Piketty |first= Thomas |authorlink= Thomas Piketty |year= 2014 |title= [[Capital in the Twenty-First Century]] |location= Cambridge, MA |publisher= [[Belknap Press]] |isbn= 067443000X |ref= harv }} * [[Karl Polanyi|Polanyi, Karl]] (2001). ''[[The Great Transformation (book)|The Great Transformation]]: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time.'' [[Beacon Press]]; 2 edition. ISBN 080705643X * [[Paul Craig Roberts|Roberts, Paul Craig]] (2013). ''The Failure of Laissez-faire Capitalism: towards a New Economics for a Full World''. Atlanta, Ga.: Clarity Press. ISBN 978-0-9860362-5-5 * {{cite book | last = Wallerstein| first = Immanuel | authorlink = Immanuel Wallerstein | title = Historical Capitalism | url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780860917618| publisher= [[Verso Books]] | year = 1983 | isbn = 0860917614}} * {{cite book | last = Wolff | first = Richard D. | authorlink = Richard D. Wolff | title = Democracy at Work: A Cure for Capitalism | url = https://archive.org/details/democracyatworkc0000wolf | publisher= [[Haymarket Books]] | year = 2012 | isbn = 1608462471}} {{Refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Capitalism}} * {{Rejea kitabu | last =Hessen | first =Robert | author-link =Robert Hessen | title =Capitalism | publisher =[[Library of Economics and Liberty]] | series =[[The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics]] | year =2008 | edition =2nd | url =http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Capitalism.html | isbn =978-0865976658 | oclc = 237794267}} * [http://capitalism.columbia.edu/ Center on Capitalism and Society] at [[Columbia University]] * [http://capitalism.wfu.edu/ Center for the Study of Capitalism] at [[Wake Forest University]] * [http://www.commonwealthclub.org/events/archive/podcast/dr-yaron-brook-and-dr-david-callahan-capitalism-moral-debate-102212 Commonwealth Club of California-Dr. Yaron Brook and Dr. David Callahan: Is Capitalism Moral? A Debate – October 22, 2012] * [http://www.textbooksfree.org/Economics_3_Basic_Characteristics_of_Capitalism.htm Basic Characteristics of Capitalism from textbooksfree.org] {{Wayback|url=http://www.textbooksfree.org/Economics_3_Basic_Characteristics_of_Capitalism.htm |date=20140918052523 }} {{mbegu-uchumi}} [[Category:Uchumi]] [[Category:Siasa]] [[Category:Falsafa]] 6tlv72xxci2kfhylk51sjaw5exwn6m7 0 81470 1615648 1528024 2026-11-08T09:51:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615648 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Contando Dinheiro (8228640).jpg|thumb|Lundo la [[pesa]] ni [[ishara]] ya utajiri.]] '''Utajiri''' (kutoka [[neno]] la [[Kiarabu]]) ni [[wingi]] wa [[vitu]] vya [[thamani]] na wa [[chanzo|vyanzo]] vya [[mapato]] ambavyo nchi au mtu [[mali|wanamiliki]].<ref name="goulet">Denis "Authentic Development: Is it Sustainable?", pp. 189-205 in ''Building Sustainable Societies'', Dennis Pirages, ed., [[M. E. Sharpe]], ISBN 1-56324-738-0, ISBN 978-1-56324-738-5. (1996)</ref> Ingawa kimsingi ni suala la [[uchumi]], unahusika sana na [[maadili]], kwa kuwa mali zinaweza kutumika vizuri au vibaya, hasa upande wa [[haki]] za watu wengine, ambao pia wanahitaji kiasi fulani cha vitu ili kuishi.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/467637 |first=Anthony T. |last=Kronman |title=Wealth Maximization as a Normative Principle |publisher=[[The Journal of Legal Studies]] |volume= 9 |date=March 1980 |accessdate= |doi=10.1086/467637}}</ref><ref name="Heilbroner">[[Robert L. Heilbroner]], 1987 <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics|2008]]. ''[[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]]'', v. 4, pp. 880-83. Brief preview [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/search_results?q=wealth+%22New+palgrave%22+heilbroner+%22Wealth+is+a+fundamental+concept%22&edition=current&button_search=GO link] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/search_results?q=wealth+%22New+palgrave%22+heilbroner+%22Wealth+is+a+fundamental+concept%22&edition=current&button_search=GO |date=20120601152245 }}.</ref> [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] umepitisha kauli ya [[Kiingereza]] ''inclusive wealth'' kwa kujumlisha humo hata mambo yenye faida ambayo ni ya ki[[uasilia]] (kama vile [[ardhi]] na vyote vilivyomo), ya ki[[binadamu]] (watu pamoja na elimu, vipawa n.k. walivyonavyo) n.k. (k.mf. [[miundombinu]]: [[mashine]], ma[[jengo]] n.k.)<ref name="wealth">{{cite web|author=Sponsored by |url=http://www.economist.com/node/21557732 |title=Free exchange: The real wealth of nations |publisher=[[The Economist]] |date=June 30, 2012 |accessdate=July 14, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Inclusive Wealth Report - IHDP">{{cite web |url=http://www.ihdp.unu.edu/article/iwr |title=Inclusive Wealth Report - IHDP |publisher=Ihdp.unu.edu |date=July 9, 2012 |accessdate=July 14, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630055324/http://www.ihdp.unu.edu/article/iwr/ |archivedate=2012-06-30 }}</ref> ==Hali halisi== Karibu 90% za mali duniani zimo mikononi mwa wakazi wa [[Amerika Kaskazini]], [[Ulaya]] na [[Nchi iliyoendelea|nchi tajiri]] za [[Asia]] na [[Australia]] (si [[India]]).<ref>James B. Davies, Susanna Sandström, Anthony Shorrocks, and Edward N. Wolff. (2008). [http://www.wider.unu.edu/publications/working-papers/discussion-papers/2008/en_GB/dp2008-03/ The World Distribution of Household Wealth, p8]. UNU-WIDER.</ref> Mwaka [[2008]], 1% ya watu wazima walikadiriwa kumiliki 40% za utajiri wote duniani.<ref>James B. Davies, Susanna Sandström, Anthony Shorrocks, and Edward N. Wolff. (2008). [http://www.wider.unu.edu/publications/working-papers/discussion-papers/2008/en_GB/dp2008-03/ The World Distribution of Household Wealth]. UNU-WIDER.</ref> Kumbe mwaka [[2013]], 1% hiyohiyo ilikadiriwa kumiliki 46%.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/?fileID=BCDB1364-A105-0560-1332EC9100FF5C83 |title=Global Wealth Report 2013 |accessdate=2016-02-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214155424/https://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/?fileID=BCDB1364-A105-0560-1332EC9100FF5C83 |archivedate=2015-02-14 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfam.org/en/eu/pressroom/pressrelease/2013-05-22/tax-havens-private-billions-could-end-extreme-poverty-twice-over|title=Tax on the "private" billions now stashed away in havens enough to end extreme world poverty twice over|work=Oxfam International|date=May 22, 2013|accessdate=2016-02-03|archivedate=2015-12-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223000311/https://www.oxfam.org/en/eu/pressroom/pressrelease/2013-05-22/tax-havens-private-billions-could-end-extreme-poverty-twice-over}}</ref> Kwa sasa, nchi tajiri zaidi duniani katika suala la [[pato la taifa]] kwa kila mtu ni [[Marekani]]. Tangu mwaka [[2011]], [[China]] ni nchi ya pili kwa uchumi mkubwa duniani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-12445925|title=China's economy is now the world's second largest|accessdate=2022-01-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124202957/https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-12445925|archivedate=2022-01-24}}</ref> Mwaka 2013 [[Qatar]] ilikuwa nchi tajiri zaidi duniani kwa [[kigezo]] cha [[wastani]] wa mapato ya wakazi.<ref>Persian Gulf 2013: India's Relations With the Region - Page 171, P.R. Kumaraswamy - 2014</ref> ==Utajiri na dini== Utafiti juu ya uhusiano wa utajiri na [[dini]] umeonyesha kwamba kwa kawaida kadiri nchi ilivyo tajiri wakazi wake hawajali dini.<ref>{{cite web |author=Survey Reports |url=http://pewglobal.org/reports/display.php?ReportID=258 |title=World Publics Welcome Global Trade — But Not Immigration &#124; Pew Global Attitudes Project |publisher=Pewglobal.org |date= |accessdate=2011-10-21 |archive-date=2010-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112094829/http://pewglobal.org/reports/display.php?ReportID=258 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pamoja na hayo, [[Wakristo]] ni matajiri kuliko wafuasi wa dini nyingine zote, wakimiliki 55% za mali zote duniani.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/453467/christians-hold-largest-percentage-global.html6 |title=Christians hold largest percentage of global wealth: Report|publisher=deccanherald.com|date=2015-01-14}}</ref> == Tanbihi == {{reflist|2}} {{mbegu}} [[Category:Uchumi]] [[Jamii:Elimu jamii]] [[Jamii:Maadili]] bv4z3nfw7dee3nx0l5a2uw3hisc8c45 0 84593 1615461 1236171 2026-11-07T22:54:25Z Tbm 44189 1615461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox actor | jina = Garry Marshall | picha = Garry Marshall 2013 cropped.jpg | maelezo ya picha = Marshall, [[2013]] | jina la kuzaliwa = | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1934|11|13}} | mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[The Bronx]], [[New York]], [[United States|USA]] | ndoa = }} '''Garry Kent Masciarelli''' ([[13 Novemba]], [[1934]] - [[19 Julai]] [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] na [[mchekeshaji]] kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{imdb name|id=0005190|name=Garry Marshall}} {{mbegu-igiza-filamu-USA}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] bdr22as53bxjtmfn27vq9pjw7uq1sxf 0 88570 1615563 1441987 2026-11-08T06:27:39Z Innocent Matekere 93687 Nimeongeza ufafanuzi 1615563 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Bundesarchiv Bild 105-DOA0039, Deutsch-Ostafrika, Iringa Wahehe.jpg|thumb|Ukoo wa [[Wahehe]] [[mkoa wa Iringa|mkoani Iringa]] mwanzoni mwa [[karne ya 20]].]] '''Ukoo''' ni [[chanzo]] na muunganiko wa [[familia]] kadhaa zenye asili moja<ref>[https://swa.gafkosoft.com/msamiati_wa_majina_ya_ukoo swa.gafkosoft.com]</ref>. Mara nyingi huwa na [[utamaduni]] na [[lugha]] moja. Ukoo huundwa na [[vizazi]] mbalimbali ambapo [[mila]] na [[desturi]] zao huendelezwa na kuhifadhiwa kwa faida ya vizazi vya baadae. Mfano mmojawapo ni ukoo wa [[Mkwawa]] uitwao ukoo wa Mwamuyinga. Katika eneo la [[Nchi za Maziwa Makuu|Maziwa Makuu ya Afrika]], ukoo ni sehemu ya ushirika mkubwa kijamii. Ni muundo wenye muda mrefu sana wa jamii katika eneo hilo, zaidi ya familia na kizazi. Muundo huo unapatikana katika [[Rwanda]] ya sasa, [[Burundi]], [[Tanzania]] na [[Uganda]]. Watu wa eneo hilo hutumia maneno tofautitofauti ya kiasili kuelezea dhana hiyo: ubwoko nchini Rwanda, umuryango nchini Burundi, ruganda katika falme za Bunyoro na Buhaya, igise huko Buha, ishanja huko Buhavu na ebika huko Buganda. Uanachama wa ukoo ni dhana huru, yenye uwiano na [[nasaba]], iliyojikita zaidi katika [[utamaduni]] na [[imani]] binafsi kuliko ushahidi halisi unaounganisha watu katika umoja wa kipekee. ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Familia]] [[Jamii:Elimu jamii]] jc3j1q1sq00flox0jk1lsrvxqx711p4 2 100243 1615537 1613393 2026-11-08T04:56:51Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615537 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the Senate of the Democratic Republic of the Congo who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295130 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21295130/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Makala,Maelezo,P27:Nchi,P39/Q21295130/P580:Tarehe ya Kuanzia,P39/Q21295130/P582:Tarehe ya Mwisho,P18:Picha |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Makala ! Maelezo ! Nchi ! Tarehe ya Kuanzia ! Tarehe ya Mwisho ! Picha |- | ''[[:d:Q57883|Matata Ponyo Mapon Augustin]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Matata Ponyo Mapon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Cyrille Adoula]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<br/>[[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F017179-0014, Auswärtiges Amt, Besuch Ministerpräsident Kongo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[André Kimbuta]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:André Kimbuta Yango.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Bemba Gombo Jean-Pierre]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2007-01-19 | 2019-03-14 | [[Faili:Jean-Pierre Bemba 2006, VOA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2834659|Alexis Thambwe Mwamba]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Alexis Thambwe Mwamba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2839924|Alphonse Ngoy Kasanji]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | [[Faili:Alphonse Ngoy Kasanji.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2963552|Chikez Diemu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3027119|Didier Mumengi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Didier mumengi 2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3099917|Gaëtan Kakudji]]'' | | [[Ubelgiji]]<br/>[[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3135525|Hilaire Mayamba monga Liwanda]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Jean-Pierre Lola Kisanga|Jean-Pierre Lola kisanga]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3186269|José Endundo Bononge]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[José Makila Sumanda]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3270939|Léon Engulu Baangampongo Bakokele Lokanga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3271542|Léonard She Okitundu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Léonard She Okitundu - June 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Modeste Mutinga]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Modeste Mutinga - 2022 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3332426|Médard Autsai Asenga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3351921|Omba Pene Djunga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3370676|Paul Bolya]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3386032|Pierre Lumbi Okongo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2018 | 2020 | [[Faili:MONUSCO Headquarters, Kinshasa, RD Congo- president of the G7, Pierre Lumbi. (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3419382|Raphael Senga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Raphael Senga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3577297|Ève Bazaiba]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Ève Bazaiba - 2022 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Evariste Boshab|Evariste boshab]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Evariste Boshab (4997782337, fixed).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16545541|Célestin Vunabandi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Célestin Vunabandi, ministre du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Samy Badibanga]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Samy Badibanga 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Michel Bongongo]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19543886|Modeste Bahati Lukwebo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Bahati1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19631130|Philippe Nkubiri]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Philippe Nkubiri.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19631175|Isidore kabwe Mwehu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Néfertiti Ngudianza Kisula Bayokisa|Kudianga Bayokisa]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Néfertiti Ngudianza Kisula Bayokisa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Francine Muyumba]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2019-04-05 | | [[Faili:Francine Muyumba - 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23943068|Joseph Okito]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Joseph Kasongo]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Joseph Kasongo presiding.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41748144|André Lubaya]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:André Guillaume Lubaya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43106474|Henri-Thomas Lokondo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2006 | 2011 | |- | ''[[:d:Q48731855|Alphonse Ilunga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q48775364|Laurent Muzangisa]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50682325|Joseph Ngalula]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Joseph Ngalula.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56291812|Kpama Baramoto Kata]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Jean-Lucien Bussa|Jean Lucien Bussa]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-08-26 | [[Faili:JLB Final.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63346376|Jean-Philibert Mabaya]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96437347|Hon Françoise BEMBA]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96440105|Vicky Katumbwa]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96472132|Christine Mwando]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96988286|Nathalie Bul'an'sung Sanata]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Nathalie-bul-an-sung.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Willy Bokonga|Willy Bakonga Wilima]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | |- | [[Christophe Baseane Nangaa]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | [[Faili:Christophe Nangaa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q102274390|Berthold Ulungu Ekunda Lukata]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q104482268|Célestin Kabuya Lumuna Sando]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Guy Loando Mboyo]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2019-03 | 2021-04-26 | [[Faili:Guy Loando (Politician).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Madeleine Nikomba Sabangu]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2022-08 | [[Faili:Madeleine Nikomba Sabangu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106307052|Bijoux Goya kitenge]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106323857|Carole Agito Amela]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2019-04-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q108385508|Ida Kadima Nzumba]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q108385607|Denis Kambayi Tshimbumbu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q109017960|Célestin Pande Kapopo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Lubumbashi, Province of Haut Katanga- Governor Célestin Pande Kapopo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q109047035|Tristan Etumba Boyengo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q109072260|Eddy Mundeka]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2019 | | [[Faili:USG for peacekeeping operations, Jean-Pierre Lacroix, on official visit to DRCongo – October 2021 (51616643786).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111307311|Marie-Josée Kamitatu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112221977|John Tibasima]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112222017|Pierrot Uweka Ukaba]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112262797|Jean-Pierre Batumoko Afozunde]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112262813|Pancrace Boongo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112262832|Thalie Dasyo Mokfe]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112263064|Odette Mbuyi Ngoyi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112263070|Giala Mobutu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112263073|Didier Molisho Sadi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112263126|John Muyamba Ngove]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112264137|Fid√®le Likinda Bolom'Elenge]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112265578|Jean Baudouin Idambituo Bakaato]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112265712|Dieudonn√© Kazadi Nyembwe]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274893|Jean-Baptiste Assumani Amani]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274894|Auguy Ilunga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274895|James Bayukita]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Jean Bakomito Gambu]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2019-01-28 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274898|Basile Bale Bila]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274899|Denise Bolingo Botakile]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274903|Espérance M'baharanyi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274904|Dieudonn√© Fikiri Alimasi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2021-07 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274906|Gabriel Kazadi Ngoyi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274907|Valentin Gerengo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274909|Ida Kamoji]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274910|Alain Ilunga Kitombolwe]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274911|Sacr√© Inioki]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274913|Jonas Mumbere]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274914|Jérôme Bikenge]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274915|Isabelle Kabamba wa Ilunga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274917|Michel Kanyimbu Shindani]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274918|Augustin Kapya Ntumba]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274920|Kaumba Lufunda]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274924|Rolly Lelo Nzazi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274925|Victorine Luese Bakwa Moyo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274926|Colette Lukamata Nkulu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274928|Aim√© Patience Mangiadi Bifulu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274929|Dieudonn√© Manzia Andia]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2022-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274930|Louis Mbonga Magalu Engwanda]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274931|Mike Mosisi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274932|Stéphane Miruho Mugorozi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274934|Edouard Mokolo wa Pombo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274935|Jean de Dieu Moleka Liambi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274936|Pauline Mona Kayoko]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274937|Roger Muaka Muaka]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274938|C√©lestine Hortense Mukalay Kionde]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274939|Jean-Claude Musaas Manyong]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274940|Hyppolyte Mutombo Mbwebwe]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274941|Boni Mwawatadi]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274942|Adonis Ngambani]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274944|Nkole Tshimuanga]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | 2019-05-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274945|Pamphile Badu wa Badu]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274946|Patrick Lubala Birhashirwa]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274947|Eric Rubuye Hakizimwami]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274948|Augustin Saladia]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274949|Mossai Sanguma]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Sanguma Temongonde Mossai en 2017.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q112274952|Jean Pierre Zagbalafio Angala]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112274953|Ange Ziaka Angelani]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q112275018|Mwenda Munongo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q118612371|Nestor Ngbonda Dauly]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q125451047|Ida Kidima Nzumba]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q132145871|Ida Kamonji Nasserwa]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Anne Mbunguje Marembo]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Cathy Botema Mboyo]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:Senatrice Cathy Botema.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Nadine Boboy Mwanela]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | [[Renabelle Kayala Ninga]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:RENABELLE KAYALA NINGA TOKOLE.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Florence Muleka Bajikila]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | [[Faili:FLORENCE MULEKA BAJIKILA 001.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Paoline Nkunku Bakulu]] | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q133295383|Lydie Baopoko Bahike]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q133295455|Victorine Lwese Bakuamoyo]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q133295603|Anna Kumbodimo Kababile]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142021304|KABONGO BINENE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142021354|MUNTUABA LUKUNA LUABEYA JEAN]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142021571|TSHISEKEDI ILUNGA ROGER]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142021781|MULUMBA KONGOLO WA KONGOLO GERARD]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142021881|KALAMBAYI KATSHIOBO JONAS]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142022010|MONGANGA PILI GASPARD]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142022043|MWISHA KASIWA JANVIER]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142022460|BULAKALI MULULUNGANYA ARISTIDE]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142022485|NGALAMULUME BAKAKENGA JOSEPH]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142026850|IDI TABANI ZAKARIA]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142026980|LINGEPO MOLANGA MICHEL]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027025|NKULU MBUYA HERVE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027230|PUNGWE MBUYU LOYONGOLA PATRICE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027253|BOSSIO WA BOSSIO CLAUDE]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027264|BOLENGE BOPENDE GABRIEL]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027284|MANGBUKELE MANGADIMA PROSPER]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027339|VANGU KI-NSONGO]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027382|REMO YOSSA MICHE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027416|NKOLE TSHIMUANGA GASTON]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027579|MUYA MUBOYAYI CLEMENT]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027627|MBINGO N’VULA HUBERT]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 2024 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142027696|MWAMIKEDI MAKANI MARCUS]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142033750|MUKENGESHAYI KABONGO SYLVAIN]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142034118|KALALA WA KALALA JOSE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142034647|MASHATA KAYEMBE CELESTIN]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142053020|SAINI SAMUNDENGO JOE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142053611|LUMANU MULENDA BUANA NSEFU ADOLPH]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142054616|KANYIMBU SHINDANY MICHEL]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142055124|KASEREKA KATOKOLYO JEAN-MARIE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142066128|BUSSA MOSOBU WILLY]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q142066162|RAMAZANI MASUDI KILELE]]'' | | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 4jg6z4igdg6iv7rs5e7eqy84ejmukal 2 100666 1615288 1614581 2026-11-07T14:02:04Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615288 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly of Benin who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21290849 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21290849/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21290849/P580:Start date,P39/Q21290849/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q124599853|Abdoul Razack Abiosse]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599859|Olga Adédogni Olouremi Akitobi]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599880|Yenakponhami Edouard Béhanzin]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599886|Léopold Lokossou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599890|Eugenie Akouavi Kouana]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599908|Agoï Rogatienne Aïkoele]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599921|Yo Sanni Innocent Sabi]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599934|Théophile N'Tia M'Po]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599943|Jeanne Tchanati]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599952|Coffi Bernard Houngnibo]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599958|Nathanaël Sokpoékpé]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599977|Eustache Akpovi]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599982|Benoît Degla]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599994|Casimir Sossou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599998|Abdoul Malick Séibou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600005|Mounifa Karim Tidjani]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600014|Alidjanatou Saliou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600034|Mathias Kouwanou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600040|Adjibadé Moukaram Koussonda]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600053|Denis Glegbeto]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600060|Armand Codjo Gansè]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600080|Dossa Lambert Agongbonon]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600092|Bio Sika Abdel Kamel Ouansangari]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600108|Alassane Sabi Karim]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600115|Zenabou Kora]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600136|Midofin Antonin Hounga]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600143|Souley Malam Moucoure Boko]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600155|Raouf Sariki]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600162|Habibou Woroucoubo]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600169|Arouna Issiaka]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600177|Fadegnon Léon Degny]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600187|Elise Aihe]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600193|Kolawolé Djima Ogbon]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600204|Ogoussi Edwige Tossa]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600210|Taïrou Imorou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600215|Léansou B. Do Rego]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600223|Gafari Adechokan]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600230|Denise Mahougnon Hounmènou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600236|Joël Godonou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600246|Constant Nahum]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600251|Chantal Adjovi]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600258|Abdou Akim Radji]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600265|Michel François Oloutoyé Sodjinou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124600275|Nounagnon Célestin Hounsou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q125056479|Omobolanlé Rachidatou Fatolou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q125056558|Codjo Louis Dossou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q125559975|Alimatou Badarou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2026-01-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136297942|Dominique Coovi Atchawé]]'' | | | 2019 | 2023 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141243988|Gisèle Edwige Fagnon]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141389643|Jonas Gbènamèto]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2011<br/>2019-03 | 2015<br/>2020-03 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141421893|Leon Bio Bigou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 1998 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141534396|Salifou Maman]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q377077|Adrien Houngbédji]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 1991-01 | | [[Faili:Adrien Houngbédji, President of the Beninese National Assembly, March 2019.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Abraham Zinzindohoue|Abraham Zinzindohoué]] | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | [[Lazare Sèhouéto]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Lazare Maurice SEHOUETO 2.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821361|Abdoulaye Bio Tchané]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Richard Odjrado et le ministre (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2926618|Bruno Amoussou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3184857|Joseph Djogbenou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Djogbénou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3299037|Mathurin Nago]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3372681|Paulin Tomanaga]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | [[Antoine Dayori]] | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4775490|Antoine Idji Kolawolé]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | [[Rosine Vieyra Soglo]] | Mwanasiasa wa Beninese(1934-2021) | [[Benin]] | 1999 | 2019 | [[Faili:Rosine Vieyra Soglo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Daniel Tawéma]] | | [[Benin]] | 1991-02-17<br/>2003-03-30 | 1995-03-28<br/>2007-03-31 | |- | [[Jerome Sacca Kina Guezere|Jerome Chabi Sacca Kina Guézéré]] | | [[Benin]] | 1991 | 2005 | |- | [[Joseph Gnonlonfoun]] | | [[Benin]] | 1999-03-30<br/>1991-02-17 | 2003-03-30<br/>1995-03-28 | [[Faili:Joseph Gnonlonfoun.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Kamarou Fassassi]] | | [[Benin]] | 1999 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7396577|Sacca Lafia]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | [[Samou Seidou Adambi]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7799883|Théophile Nata]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 1995<br/>2003-03 | 1999<br/>2007-03 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16886636|Nassirou Bako Arifari]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19629105|Robert Gbian]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2015-04-26<br/>2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19952856|Amos Elegbe]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 1991-04-01 | 1995-03-31 | [[Faili:Papa40001.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20986546|Bertin Borna]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q26235904|Joseph Keke]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 1959-04-02 | 1965 | |- | ''[[:d:Q44147191|H√©l√®ne Aholou Keke]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q48758301|Janvier Yahouedeou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | [[Faili:Portrait de Janvier Yahouedeou.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q65133413|Louis Vlavonou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Gbèhounou Louis Vlavonou (2021) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Mahougnon Kakpo]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Mahougnon Thomas KAKPO, président du comité des rites vodoun du Bénin.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Hervé Yves Hehomey]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | [[Karimou Salimane]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q107191315|Koubourath Osséni]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | [[Jean-Michel Abimbola]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Fréjus Fiossi et Jean Michel ABIMBOLA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q110315159|Amissétou Affo Djobo]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2007-04 | 2010-04 | [[Faili:Amissétou Affo.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q110383773|D√©d√©vi Eug√©nie Chantal Ahyi]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q110383873|Rosine Dagniho]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q110384897|Schanou A. M. Sofiath Modjissola]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q110384898|Mariama Baba Moussa]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110386156|Eniola Awou Bissiriou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2019 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110802146|Jocelyn Degbey]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2007 | 2011 | |- | ''[[:d:Q110803428|Sanni Yibatou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110812131|Béatrice Lakoussan]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 1999-04-20 | 2003-04-20 | |- | ''[[:d:Q112073485|Charles Toko]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | [[Faili:Charles Toko à Installation of the first legislature of the Senate of Benin, 30 July 2026.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q113536855|Atao Hinnouho]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2011 | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q114011440|Yacoubou Malehossou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2007 | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q114065943|Valentin Houdé]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q114246422|Sina Bio Gounou Idrissou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q114270348|Issa Salifou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | [[Eric Houndété|Éric Houndété]] | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Eric Louis HOUNDETE.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q114421003|Prudent Victor Topanou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | [[Faili:Topanou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q114797027|Venance Gnigla]]'' | | [[Benin]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q115596868|Edmond Agoua]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q115596956|Léon Comlan Ahossi]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q115597032|Augustin Ahouanvoebla]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q115597393|Nour√©nou Atchad√©]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q116771757|Titilayo Adjaï]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117067567|Souma√Øla Sounon Bok√©]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117067588|Djamilatou Sabi Mohamed]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117072202|Hélène Olossoumai]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117280499|Fatouma Tony Gniré Guimba]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117280566|Denise Mahoutin Degbedji]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117286676|Viviane Orou Tama]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117288935|Edmonde Tagnonnanon Fonton]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q123385267|Barthélémy Kassa]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2003<br/>2023-01-08 | 2003<br/>2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q123784104|Natondé Aké]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q123822048|Jérémie Adomahou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q123822353|Basile Ahossi]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2007<br/>2011<br/>2015<br/>2023-01 | 2011<br/>2015<br/>2019<br/>2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q123822369|Gérard Gbenonchi]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | [[Faili:Gérard Gbénonchi à l'installation officielle du Sénat au Bénin le 30 juillet 2026 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q123945219|Jean-Baptiste Orden Rosae Alladatin]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q124246209|Abdoulaye Gounou Salifou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124248905|Assan Seibou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-02<br/>2026<br/>2000 | 2026<br/>2004 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599550|Labiou Amadou Djibril]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599556|Bio Gounou Idrissou Sina Ouningui]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599565|Goro Baké Chabi]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599578|Kounèmè Dometien N’Ouémou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599585|Boundja Jacques Yempabou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599591|Maixent Djeigo]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599605|Cossi Barthélémy Melon Vidjinnagni]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599616|Sossou Bernard Amoussou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599626|Afiavi Solange Mehou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599632|Brice Dénis Sena Fagbemi]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599639|Viwagnon Jean Mejor Zannou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599652|Tohouegnon Nestor Noutaï]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599665|Yacoubou Orou Sé Guéné]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599679|Boubakari Oumarou Lafia]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599688|Sabi Abel Sourokou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599698|Kotchami Nicaise Fagnon]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599712|Richard Allossohoun]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599718|Gisèle Sewade]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599726|Santos Borgia N’Bouké]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599733|Honoré Marius Guigui]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599740|Ahouefa Adeline Natacha Kpochan]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599751|Délonix Djimèco Kogblévi]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599761|Dodji Kocou Régina Koumagbeafidé]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599774|Alice Melevi Dadegnon]]'' | | | 2023-01-08<br/>2026-01 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599785|Adjoua Gladys Eudoxie Tossou]]'' | | [[Benin]] | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599795|Sèdozan Jean-Claude Clovis Apithy]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599805|Charlemagne Honfo]]'' | | | 2023-01-08<br/>2011 | 2026-01<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599810|Dakpè Sossou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599815|Cécile Sègbégnon Ahoumènou]]'' | | | 2023-01-08<br/>2026-01 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599825|Hounsa Justin Agbodjèté]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2026-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q124599837|Godonou David Houinsa]]'' | | | 2023-01-08 | 2033-01 | |} {{Wikidata list end}} m3opuey06knboyox3ey134du9fsbt9g 2 100923 1615520 1613066 2026-11-08T03:14:12Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615520 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Peoples' Representatives who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21328614 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21328614/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21328614/P580:Start date,P39/Q21328614/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | [[Girma Wolde-Giorgis]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Girma-Wolde-Giorgis official portrait.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Meles Zenawi]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Meles Zenawi - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2012.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q356741|Negasso Gidada]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2019 | [[Faili:Negasso Gidada.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2275961|Seyoum Mesfin]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2894082|Bekelech Feye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3100062|Gedu Andargachew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Gedu Andargachew - 2019 (48802681123) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3440848|Roman Gebre Selassie]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3453120|Rukiya Uke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3572445|Yohannes Tiro Ejigayehu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | [[Azeb Mesfin]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | [[Faili:Azeb Mesfin in 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Beyene Petros]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | [[Bulcha Demeksa]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5658111|Harka Haroyu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8046468|Yacob Haile-Mariam]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16149223|Ashebir Woldegiorgis]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | [[Sinknesh Ejigu]] | Mwanasiasa wa Ethiopia | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Sinkinesh Ejigu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16205894|Lidetu Ayalew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16728486|Demeke Mekonnen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Demeke Mekonnen Hassen - 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Aster Mamo]] | mwanasiasa | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | [[Faili:Aster Mamo Ethiopia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18921783|Getachew Jigi Demeksa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Dr.Getachew Jigi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Abiy Ahmed]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Prime Minister of Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed Ali (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55238035|Muferihat Kamil Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Muferiat Kamil.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Lia Tadesse]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:EU2024BE 240206 Lia Tadesse.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Dagmawit Moges|Dagmawit Mogess]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | [[Fitsum Assefa]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | [[Faili:Minister of Planning and Development Fitsum Assefa Adela crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Aregash Adane]] | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q127038755|Shewit Shanka]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131742999|Muna Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131744049|Lomi Bedo Kumbi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131997903|Ababaw Ayalew Gal]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998309|Abate Arega Atalay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998311|Abdikarim Akib Aden]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998313|Abdu Hassan Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998314|Abdulahi Mohammed Muse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998316|Abdulfatah Abdul Rahman Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998318|Abduljewad Mohammed Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998321|Abdulkadir Gelgelo Boru]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998323|Abdurashed Abdilahi Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998325|Abdusemed Hussen Abo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998327|Abduwas Abdulahi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998328|Abeba Sadik Buser]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998331|Abebaw Desalew Bayabl]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998333|Abere Adamu Teferi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998336|Abiyot Delegn Yirkayo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998339|Abosh Mustafa Musa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998341|Abraham Alemayehu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998343|Abraham Amish Assema]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998346|Abreham Berta Aneseyee]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998348|Abune Alem Temesgen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998349|Adamu Kenea Daba]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998352|Adane Alto Mengesha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998353|Adane Mande Damtew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998355|Adane Teshome Getahun]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998357|Adanech Nashura Samago]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998359|Addis Alemayehu Qumbi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998362|Addisu Kamiso Garanba]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998364|Addisuwa Assefa Demise]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998366|Adugna Ahmed Uso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998368|Adugna Debela Bote]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998371|Agu Deban Gesso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998373|Agumase Anteneh Wube]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998376|Ahmed Hassen Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998378|Aknaw Kawza Malefiya]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998380|Alemitu Abebe Atisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998382|Alemitu Assefa Tunduro]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998383|Alemitu Umed Ujulu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998385|Alemnesh Berhanu Obsa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998387|Alemnesh G Mariam Imo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998389|Alemu Damtew Ashenafi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998391|Alemu Getahun Sisay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998393|Alemu Gonfa Robi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998395|Alemu Jemberu Ayalew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998398|Alemu Sime]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998400|Alie Belachew Bala]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998402|Almaw Mengist Ambaye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998403|Almaw Tigabu Melesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998405|Almaz Asale Ergado]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998407|Almaz Temesgen Sisay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998408|Almaz Wedajo Adimo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998410|Amarech Bekalo Sapa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998412|Amina Abdurahman Adem]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998415|Amira Mohammed Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998418|Amsal Amare Abate]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998420|Amsal Mengistu Alemu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998422|Anesa Melko Hebero]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998423|Arare Mosisa Etisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998426|Aregash Kefle Karbo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998427|Aregash Tekile Tantu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998429|Aschale Alamere Melesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998431|Aselefech Kuche Goa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998433|Asemahagn Aseres]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998435|Asha Yahya Salehi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998438|Asheber W. Giorgis Gayo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998440|Ashinie Astin Titoyik]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998441|Ashu Gololcha Oda]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998443|Aster Beshir Figa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998445|Aster Keftaw Dachu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998446|Atsede Mamo Tamale]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998448|Awoke Amzaye Assoma]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998451|Ayan Ali Mussa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561114|Aberash Admasu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561135|Abaynesh Shika Munda]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561183|Abonesh Areno Mosisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561206|Adanech Brue Desalegn]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561232|Alemtsehay Paulos]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561242|Almaz Araya]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561355|Amarech Adola]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561363|Amarech Melede Tassew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564150|Q141564150]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564169|Aselefech Bekele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564174|Asha Almin Ismail]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564176|Askal Tessema Tilahun]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564179|Aster Amare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564188|Ayelech Eshetu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564389|Belaynesh Gebremariam Teklai]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564396|Belaynesh Qelbesa Garuma]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564411|Belaynesh Wake Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564415|Birnesh Abraha Abay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564422|Birtukan Wolde Sebsba]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564429|Buzunesh Kake Tagesu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564434|Ehtenesh Shibeno Zeleke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564458|Elfnesh Yebio Haile]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564466|Emebet Getahun Zeleke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2005 | 2021<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564482|Ereknesh Balcha Yohannes]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564496|Etefelwork Endris Zewdu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564877|Etsegenet Beyene Mehrete]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565096|Fanaye Tefera Yilma]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565127|Fatuma Abdullah]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565163|Fatuma Ahmed Yusuf]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565445|Kebebush Hameso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567256|Rabia Issa Binegde]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567359|Rawda Redi Hassen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567735|Tadelech Dalacho Dando]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567759|Tewabech Lankamo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567781|Yeshiemebet Negash]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567821|Zenebech Yadete Wake]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567973|Fethia Yusuf]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567974|Franesh Mekuria]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567975|Frehiwot Ayalew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567976|Furdosa Shemsuddin]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567977|Genet Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010<br/>2005 | 2021<br/>2015<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567978|Genet Abate]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567979|Genet Beyene]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567980|Genet Abdella]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567981|Gibaynesh Negash]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567982|Halia Shifa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567983|Halima Feki]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567984|Hamzia Jamal]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567985|Hawa Abamecha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567986|Hiwot Hadush]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567987|Iftu Tofiq]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567988|Kasanesh Addis]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567989|Kefelech Donboba]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567990|Mamit Tesfay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567991|Marifa Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567992|Martha Targadaki]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567993|Meslech Wedajo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010<br/>2005 | 2021<br/>2015<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567994|Meslech Amare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567995|Mesrake Mekonnen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567996|Momina Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567997|Mulunesh Mekonnen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567998|Munteha Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141567999|Neima Taju]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568000|Neima Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568001|Netush Alem]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568002|Nouria Bamuud]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568003|Rawda Redi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568004|Rihanna Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568005|Rukia Sayed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568006|Rukiya Argo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2021 | 2021<br/>2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568007|Saada Kedir]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568008|Sabha Abbas]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568009|Salia Abanega]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568010|Sarah Abi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568011|Senayit Andarge]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010<br/>2005 | 2021<br/>2015<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568012|Sofia Almamun]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568013|Tadelech Kebede]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568014|Tegust Alemayehu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568015|Tegust Bayna]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568016|Tewabech Asfaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568017|Tsege Mekoya]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568018|Tsige Berhanu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568019|Weubdar Imano]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568020|Woodnesh Kifle]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568021|Worknesh Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568022|Wudnesh Teklehaymanot]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568023|Yitayshe Abeje]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568024|Zewditu Tonja]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568026|Zeyneba Nasir]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568027|Zinash Kabato]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010 | 2021<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568028|Zinet Abegaz]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568295|Askale Lema]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568381|Lemlem Hadgu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568453|Werqnesh Waryo Safayo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568468|Aberash Ilgo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568470|Aisha Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568473|Alemitu Tegene]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568474|Alfiya Abdurahman]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568475|Amarech Debebe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568476|Angwach Desalegn]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999324|Tesfaye Beljige Dara]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999327|Teshome Abdo Segni]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999331|Teshome Wale Gesesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999334|Tewachew Abebe Yimer]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999339|Tewbo Mihereit Molla]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999343|Thomas Tut Pok]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999348|Tia Mio Arsawa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999352|Tidenek Guldu Tsedeke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999355|Tigist Wuhib Tsega]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999359|Tilahun Tamirat Mulu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999363|Tiruaynet Temesgen Ayalew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999366|Tola Hailu Hunde]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999370|Tseganesh Gamato Gamo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999376|Tsehay Bekele Tafesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999380|Tsehaynesh Gebre W / Michael]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999384|Tsige Denboba Ayano]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999387|Ume Abdela Umer]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999391|Usame Mohamed Muhumad]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999394|Usheto Hobicho Dabelo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999398|Usman Surur Siraj]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999401|Werkinesh Jemal Asfaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999404|Werknesh Biru Bedasa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999408|Werksemu Mamo Mekonnen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999412|Woldeyes Debebe Delki]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999417|Wondwosen Admase Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999421|Worknesh Mohammed Hebiso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999425|Wubete Tadege Nibret]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999429|Wudalat Minwuye Bayih]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999432|Yasmin Wehabrebi Seid]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999436|Yemengist Tsegaw Walelign]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999439|Yeshi Muka Wakaye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999443|Yeshihasab Tsegaw Welelaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999446|Yeshimebet Demise Sewagegnehu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999449|Yeshimebrat Mersha Kasa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999452|Yezibalem Kasse Yismaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999455|Yezina Mulati Zeleke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999458|Yiftu Gudisa Oshko]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999461|Yineger Dessie Belay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999463|Yohannis Mesfin Gebeyehu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999465|Zamzam Ahmed Jama]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999466|Zara Biftu Nabi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999469|Zara Mohammed Adana]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999474|Zegeye Muluye Asres]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999477|Zeineba Nura Bati]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999481|Zekarias Erekola Yimamo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999485|Zelalem Melak Bogale]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999490|Zelalem Tadesse Ayalew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999494|Zemene Hailu Mekonnen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999496|Zemu Tesfaye Bendi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999500|Zeritu Shiferaw Beyene]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999504|Zewdenesh Tulu Gashe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999507|Zewdu Tadesse Wondimkun]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999511|Zeyini Abose]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999515|Zinash Tsegaye Kalo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999520|Zinaye Negash Zemedu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999524|Zadig Abreha Sharew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999528|Wondimu Tekle Sigo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999531|Eyasu Elias Fantahun]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999535|Asiya Qabdulkadir Barakat]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999540|Binalf Andualem Ashenafi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999547|Bifto Mohammed Ibro]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999551|Ababuu Damissee Kaamsuur]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999555|Jamiilaa Simbiruu Tusaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999560|Shurrubbee Gammadii Nunaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999564|Miiliyoon Baqqalaa Damissee]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999569|Obbo Guutaa Laachoree Caakkee]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999573|Galaasaa Dilboo Goljaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999575|Kuulanii Mahammad Abdullaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999579|Itoophiyaa Shaambal Damboobaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999583|Wogee Kufaa Buutee]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999586|Adaalee Odaa Tooduwaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999590|Umer Huseen Obaa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999594|Warquu Gaachanaa Nagarraa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999597|Shisema Gebresilassie Weranga]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999599|Eshetu Kebede Gichoro]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999605|Gebeynesh Gizaw Yebo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999608|Eyasu Kasa Ganjula]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999611|Alesa Mengesha Boko]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999614|Terefe Tadesse Godi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999617|Redwan Hussien Rameto]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999620|Tigist Tadele Atenafu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999624|Teshome Toga Cheneka]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999627|Genene Gedebu Feleha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999630|Million Mathewos Korsisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999633|Geremew Garj Gidabo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999636|Tiratu Beyene Biltu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999639|Desalegn Misa Wallasa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999642|Selamu Bulado Bukana]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999644|Bekele Fole Sare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999647|Tekleweled Atnafu Ambula]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999650|Goyeti Wancho Ayke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999653|Wendemu Girma Tamrasha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999657|Ahmed Shide Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999659|Halimo Mahamed Abdi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999661|Guled Ahmed Ali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q135180465|Shitaye Minale]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015<br/>2010<br/>2005 | 2021<br/>2015<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q135181485|Gifty Abasiya Ababulgu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q136203255|Genet Zewde]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q136203371|Zenebu Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2015 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141412066|Fayima Jamal Abbamacca]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998998|Meseret Assefa Godana]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999000|Meseret Haile Masresha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999002|Meseret Madole Ebo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999003|Meseret Mamo Gamuro]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999005|Meseret Mola Kassahun]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999008|Meseret Shiferaw Yadete]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999009|Meseret Zelalem Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999012|Mesfin Dagna Tafesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999016|Mesfin Erkabe Mirach]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999019|Meskerem Hailu Alula]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999022|Miraj Zekiyi Jemal]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999025|Miretu Shanko Gidi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999028|Misganu Arga Mo'Och]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999029|Mitiknesh Cheleke Atsero]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999032|Moga Ababulgu Abakebe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999035|Moges Balcha Gebremedhin]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999037|Mohamed Musse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999040|Mohammed Ahmed Aliye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999044|Mohammed Ahmed Musa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999048|Mohammed Hassan Abu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999052|Mohammed Mohammedkemal Ali Al-Arusi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999053|Mohammed Shikur Mussa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999056|Mohamud Yusuf Mealin]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999058|Mohmmednur Ahmed Musa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999061|Molla Feleke Desta]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999063|Mubarek Elias Mustefa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999065|Mulat Telayneh Asrate]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999068|Mulu Yirga Sahele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999071|Muluken Admasu Emru]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999074|Muluken Assefa Jenebere]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999077|Mulunesh Lamore Ushe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999080|Muna Ali Yassin]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999082|Munira Hussen Hassen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999084|Muslim Rashid A / Gidi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999086|Najaha Ahmed Abdullahi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999089|Nebiyat Tilahun Chaemiso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999092|Nefisa Almahadi Alakib]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999095|Negash Bulala Abawalta]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999098|Negasse Bayissa Dubiwak]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999101|Negeri Lencho Bultum]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999104|Neima Usman Adem]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999108|Nejat Girma Waqjira]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999111|Nejet Andorso Adem]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999112|Nemera Gebeyehu Mamo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999115|Nesredin Abduelmusin]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999118|Nezif Zinab A/Lulessa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999120|Nikuse Mituku Gelaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999123|Nurzeman Jibril Negewo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999125|Qasim Kimo Kebelo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999128|Rahel Negero Gutu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999131|Rahmet Awel Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999134|Rosa Omar Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999138|Ruqiya Ali Kewo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999140|Ruqiya Argo Wariyo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999142|Sadik Adem Umer]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999152|Sadiya Aman Gerado]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999158|Sadiya Temam Shifa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999165|Sadiya Usman Sheka]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999170|Sahlu Diribsa Mosisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999173|Samira Yusuf Ibro]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999176|Samuel Urkato Kurke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999179|Seharla Abdulahi Bahdon]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999182|Seid Nuru Ali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999184|Selamwit Dawit Kamase]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999188|Seleshi Bekele Awlachew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999191|Senait Asradew Kokebe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999194|Sewasewi Tizazu Abate]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999198|Seyid Mohammed Hussein]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999203|Shifera Telila Senbetu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999206|Shumi Ayano Guto]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999209|Shurube Gemedi Nuna]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999212|Simneshi Sahlu Teum]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999216|Sintayehu Tilahun Abebe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999221|Sintayehu Woldemichael Yohannes]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999223|Siti Redwan Biza]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999227|Solomon Kuchu Robi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999231|Solomon Soka Ginyarita]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999236|Solomone Lale Kalo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999239|Sosna Getahun Azene]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999244|Sultan Ibrahim Abagisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999248|Sumiya Desalew Mola]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999252|Suwerk Tafese Goshu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999256|Tadele Buraka Bushasha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999259|Tadesse Beza Gebretsadik]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999262|Tadesse Getu Alemu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999266|Tafesse Muleta Tesso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999269|Tagese Chafo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999272|Talef Fitihawek Endeshaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999275|Tana Gobena Fufa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999278|Tarke Daba Bobo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999282|Tawfik Abdullahi Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999286|Tegene Regassa Luba]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999290|Temesgen Ambachew Biresaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999295|Tesfahun Bogale Jember]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999299|Tesfahun Simegn Kebede]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999304|Tesfahun Sisay Mengistu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999308|Tesfanesh Tefera Asres]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999312|Tesfanesh W/Mariam Angi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999315|Tesfatsion Shuka Gadana]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999319|Tesfaye Bangu Kacho]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998453|Ayantu Gutata Fite]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998456|Ayele Negeri Gibo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998458|Ayele Teshome Gonche]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998460|Ayisha Shehshifa Abdurahaman]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998462|Aynalem Niguse Ali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998465|Aysha Mohammed Musa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998466|Azmera Andemo Kelo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998468|Balew Baye Assefa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998470|Bartema Fikadu Siraga]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998472|Bayabl Mulate Fitgu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998474|Bayush Birhanu Kerorsa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998477|Begashaw Teklu Alemayehu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998479|Behelhem Lakew Sisay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998480|Berhane Meskel Tena Zemenfes]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998482|Berhaneteshay T/Wold]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998484|Berhanu Feisa Tila]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998485|Berhanu Gobena Yabe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998487|Betel Melakumu Abdisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998489|Beyenech Demeke Ato]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998491|Beza Teshome]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998494|Biftu Hassan Jebero]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998496|Birhanu Hankara Hatiya]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998498|Birhanu Megersa Lenjiso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998499|Birke Bahru Miraf]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998501|Brooke Lambiso Wamisho]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998503|Bzuayehu Degefu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998504|Chala Lami Argane]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998506|Chala Wata Deres]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998509|Chaltu Mohommed Abdurahmn]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998511|Chaltu Werje Tuke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998513|Chimdo Hanchela Bulcha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998515|Christian Tadele Tsegaye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998518|Daniel Kibret Birhane]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998521|Dawud Mohammed Nur]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998522|Debebe Admasu Yilma]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998524|Debele Kabeta Hursa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998526|Debritu Tadege Mengesha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998528|Dejitnu Alene Zewde]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998530|Demeke Achiso Hirgeto]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998534|Dereje Debela Senbeto]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998536|Dereje Teklemariam Gebremeskel]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998538|Desalegn Eriso Hasiso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998540|Desalegn Wedaje Zemene]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998541|Dessalegn Chanie Dagnew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998543|Dessie Dalke Dukamo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998545|Desta Befikadu Negewo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998547|Destaw Mekuanint Mezengiya]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998549|Destaye Tilahun Misker]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998551|Dilamo Otere Frange]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998553|Dima Nogo Serbo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998555|Dina Mufti Ledi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998557|Diriba Galati Chali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998559|Dita Nura Tero]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998560|Mohammed Abdo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998562|Dube Julo Maaga]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998564|Duguma Adugna Debele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998566|Eba Mijena Negero]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998569|Ebenezer Bekele Amare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998572|Ejigu Melake G / Meskel]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998574|Elias Ahmed Sadik]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998576|Elsabeth Ejigu Qena'A]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998580|Endalkachew Asrat Zeleke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998583|Endalkachew Lelisa Duresa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998588|Endalu Mulatu Lemi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998590|Endriyas Geta Beldeda]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998594|Kemal Mohammed Zeynu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998599|Eng Sileshi Kore Dube]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998601|Ephrem Tessema Taressa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998604|Ergoge Tesfaye W / Meskel]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998609|Eshetu G/Mariam Gol]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998616|Eshetu Temesgen Gelan]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998620|Eskinder Aliye Abdula]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998625|Essa Boru Tola]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998629|Esubalew Mebrate Tesema]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998635|Etaferahu Mota Bogale]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998640|Etaferahu Zegeye Ambaw]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998644|Etagegnehu Eshetu Gudeta]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998649|Etefa Obsa Duresa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998654|Etsegenet Mengistu Zeleke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998659|Ewnete Alene Yalew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998665|Eyerusalem Lewi Essey]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998668|Eyob Tekalign Tolina]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998672|Fahmi Ali Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998679|Faima Shejemal Abamecha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998683|Fanaye Melese Wolde]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998686|Fanos Hailu Adera]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998689|Fantaye Legesse Weldegiorgis]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998691|Farah Mohamed Farah]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998695|Faris Delil Yesuf]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998697|Fathi Mahdi Wezir]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998699|Fato Ismo Beriso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998702|Fatuma Ali Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998705|Faysal Odwa Abdi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998708|Fekadu Mosisa Gemeda]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998712|Fekadu Tulu Ketema]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998715|Ferida Shemsedin Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998717|Fetiya Ahmed Abrahim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998720|Fetiya Ahmed Shire]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998723|Feyid Sherab Sherif]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998724|Fikadu Bedilu Bolja]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998727|Fikadu Gawshalo Memo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998732|Fikadu Mengistu Ashemi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998735|Fikir Abay Anawt]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998738|Fikru Werku Birshe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998742|Firew Tesfaye Odayte]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998743|Fisaha W/Senbet Tegegn]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998748|Fraol Udessa Gelchu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998749|Fuad Abafita Ababulgo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998751|Gashaw Dagnew Lakew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998753|Gashayalew Gala Galada]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998756|Gelane Bikila Woyecha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998758|Genet Abraham Yayu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998760|Genet Bete Gerawork]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998762|Genet Ketema Bekele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021<br/>2010 | 2026<br/>2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998766|Genet Waqgari Fitie]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998769|Geremu Huluka Amanu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998771|Getahun Limenh Abegaz]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998773|Getnet Tadele Tefera]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998776|Gezu Manaye Chakol]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998778|Goiti Wancho Oke]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998780|Gudeta Belelcha Sefisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998782|Gusha Balko Birbirsa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998784|Habtamu Tegegne Destaye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998786|Habtemariam Mekonnen Ali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998788|Haji Kedir Abdule]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998790|Halimo Hassen Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998792|Hamedu Geas Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998794|Hangasa Ahmed Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998796|Haregwoin Yimer Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998798|Hasen Shek Yusuf Abadulai]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998800|Hasna Hanfere]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998801|Hassan Muhamed Moali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998804|Hassen Abdi Wali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998807|Hayat Yusuf Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998809|Hayelo Gunefa Edosa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998811|Helina Akelew Tadesse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998814|Hirut Kassaw Wondim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998817|Hirut W/Mariam Teketel]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998819|Hiwot Mossisa Deresse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998820|Ibrahim Umar Aliyi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998822|Ibsa Yusuf Hassan]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998824|Ifrah Towfik Aden]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998825|Ikram Maid Adan]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998830|Illubabor Buno Tesso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998837|Iyasu Salah Ganjura]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998840|Jamal Ali Mumi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998842|Jemal Abaso Ebu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998843|Jemal Abegaz Adem]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998846|Jemanesh W/Michael Wege]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998849|Jember Ayalneh Biru]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998851|Jhon Amhed Abamilki]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998854|Jihad Nasser Abdu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998857|Juhar Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998860|Kaba Mebratu Dagne]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998864|Kairedin Tezera Adera]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998867|Kalid Aba Mecha Haji]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998874|Kamil Aliy Kasim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998875|Kamil Shemsu Siraj]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998877|Kasahun Jobir Gudeta]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998880|Kebede Genet Feyisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998884|Kedir Adam Arero]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998887|Kedir Edris Ahmed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998889|Kedir Gena Abdulkadir]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998892|Kedja Yassin Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998895|Kefena Ifa Delesa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998898|Kemal Hashi Mohamoud]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998901|Kibnesh Shiferaw Robe]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998903|Kidist Araya Tasew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998906|Kidist G/Hana Mirgoye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998909|Kimia Jundi Hamdo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021<br/>2015 | 2026<br/>2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998912|Kindiya Aycheluhm Atalay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998915|Kocheto G/Yesus Deneto]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998919|Kumaale Gadisa Obse]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998922|Latifa A/Temam A/Gisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998924|Lema Abera Hirpo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998928|Lema Tessema Yimere]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998931|Lencho Ayala Bati]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998933|Leta Tesfaye Jule]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998936|Letifa A/Sambi A/Gojam]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998942|Lidia Chali Argeta]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998946|Lobele Yhirano Baskwa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998952|Lubaba Ibrahim Hassen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998953|Lubaba Seyidi Legasi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998956|Maeza Asmare Abtew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998959|Magartu Mohammed Aman]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998961|Mahatme Haile Workeneh]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998964|Mamo Esmealem Mihretu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998967|Marta Liwji]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998970|Martha Lema Tulu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998973|Mastewal Mekonen Siyeneh]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998977|Matema Mīka Galito]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998980|Meaza Assefa Ergete]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998982|Meaza Tigabe Alemu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998985|Mebrat Bacha Wakjira]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998987|Mekdes Desta Jagare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998988|Melaku Fenta Chay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998990|Melese Mana Gemeso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998992|Melkias Ayele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998994|Merdia Aman Guye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998996|Meselech Kewiso Kaye]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568477|Aregash Aisa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568478|Asmarech Haile]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568479|Asnakech Balcha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568481|Bayush Ugunih]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568482|Belaynesh Isaac]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568483|Birtukan Grey]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568484|Elsa Tesfay]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568485|Ergbnesh Muluneh]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568486|Fekiya Awel]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568489|Genet Bedasso]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568490|Habiba Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568491|Kebush Kaka]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568492|Kidist Bekele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568493|Lubaba Mohamed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568494|Lula Jebril]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568495|Nakia Ankosia]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568496|Ngisst Haysh]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568497|Rihanna Aman]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568498|Tadelech Amare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568499|Worknesh Weju]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568500|Worknesh Woldeyesus]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568501|Yeshiharug Beyene]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010 | 2015 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568502|Zahra Mustafa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010<br/>2005 | 2015<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141568503|Zeituna Taha]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2010<br/>2005 | 2015<br/>2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570547|Asefash Tasew]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570548|Aster Bekele]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570550|Aster Donocho]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570551|Beyenech Wata]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570552|Etenesh Kebede]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570553|Fatuma Umre]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570557|Genet Birhanu]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570558|Genet Atenaf]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570559|Geneti Negasa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570560|Hasena Wola]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570561|Hirut Birasa]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570562|Lubaba Ali]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570563|Medina Buta]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570567|Misrak Aregash]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570568|Nuria Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570570|Qamra Kedir]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570571|Selamawit Emre]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141570572|Tiruwork Yemer]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2005 | 2010 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571733|Abebu Demissie]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571737|Amsale Amare]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571740|Anesa Teshome]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571743|Aysha Mohammed]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571747|Azmera Andemo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571751|Dina Mufti]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571754|Efrah Tofik]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571757|Eikram Adem]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571760|Fatuma Cafilo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571763|Fetiya Ismo]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571766|Helimo Hesen]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571770|Jenet Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571773|Litifa A/Sanli]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571776|Manahil Edris]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571779|Samira Yusufi]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571788|Tigist Tadelle]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571791|Tigist Wuhib]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141571793|Tsedale Negere]]'' | | [[Ethiopia]] | 2021 | 2026 | |} {{Wikidata list end}} p7cfd7r2g7ll0rthlmwevnbhybzfksb 2 101114 1615511 1613161 2026-11-08T02:07:30Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615511 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q17510786 } |section= |sort=P39/Q17510786/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q17510786/P580:Start date,P39/Q17510786/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | [[Wangari Maathai]] | Mwanaharaki wa Mazingira na mwanasiasa aliyetuzwa tuzo ya Amani ya Nobel Prize Mwaka 2004. | ''[[:d:Q2538511|Koloni ya kenya]]''<br/>[[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | [[Faili:Wangari Matthai 2001 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Mwai Kibaki]] | Rais mstaafu wa Kenya (1931-2022) | [[Kenya]] | 1974<br/>1963 | 2013-01<br/>2013-03-28 | [[Faili:Mwai Kibaki (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Raila Odinga]] | Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Kenya (2008-2013) | [[Kenya]] | 1992-12-29 | 2013-01-17 | [[Faili:Raila Amolo Odinga 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Moses Wetangula]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Moses Wetangula (Moses Francis Masika Wetang'ula) of the Republic of Kenya in 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q121708|Moses Mudavadi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[William Ruto]] | Rais Mkuu wa nchi Kenya tangu mwaka wa 2022 | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:William Ruto 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Uhuru Kenyatta]] | Rais wa nne wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2003-01 | 2013-01 | [[Faili:PMO IMG 5262 (40547346173) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Elijah Lagat]] | mshindani wa riadha | [[Kenya]] | 2007 | 2013 | |- | ''[[:d:Q447119|Wesley Korir]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2013-03-28 | 2017-07-16 | [[Faili:Wesley Korir 2012 Boston Marathon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q457713|Newton Kulundu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Grace Ogot]] | Mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa Kenya(1930-2015) | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Charity Ngilu]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Hon. Charity Kaluki Ngilu at Opening Session.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Michael Wamalwa Kijana]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2003 | [[Faili:Wamalwapotr.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Jaramogi Oginga Odinga]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Jaramogi Oginga Odinga (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Arthur Magugu]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya (1934-2012) | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | [[George Saitoti]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:George Saitoti (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q743818|David Kimutai Too]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Bildad Kaggia]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Bildad Kagia. Nairobi. 1949.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Mohamed Yusuf Haji]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2003 | 2013-03 | [[Faili:Yusufhaji.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1175814|David Musila]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Gitobu Imanyara]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1999 | 2002 | |- | [[Kalonzo Musyoka]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1985 | 2013 | [[Faili:Kalonzo Musyoka1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1507950|George Muhoho]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1708590|Joshua Orwa Ojode]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Musalia Mudavadi]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Katibu Mkuu wa Baraza la Mawaziri | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Musalia Mudavadi, Prime Cabinet Secretary and Cabinet Secretary for Foreign and Diaspora Affairs of Kenya, at the Department of State in Washington, D.C. on February 1, 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Oburu Odinga]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2189073|Raphael Tuju]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | [[Simeon Nyachae]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2007 | |- | [[Kenneth Marende]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:The Speaker, Lok Sabha, Smt. Meira Kumar meets the Speaker of the Parliament of Kenya, Mr. Kenneth Marende, EGH, during the 56th Conference of Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, in Nairobi, Kenya, on September 14, 2010.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2662202|Mugabe Were]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Achieng Oneko]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Jomo Kenyatta Apa Pant and Acheing Oneko.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Amos Kimunya]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Amos Kimonya, IMF 2006.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Grace Onyango]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Grace Onyango Kenyan MP.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Martha Karua]] | Mwanasiasa wa kenya | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2013 | [[Faili:Martha Karua.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3706976|Dick Wathika]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | 2010-04-30 | |- | [[Paul Ngei]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Moody Awori]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Moody Awori.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Charles Njonjo]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1980 | 1983 | |- | [[Koigi Wamwere]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | [[Ababu Namwamba]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri wa Masuala ya Vijana, Michezo na Sanaa. | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Hon Ababu Namwamba taking oath of office as Minister for Sports and Youth Affairs before President Mwai Kibaki at Harambee House, Nairobi 2013-08-23 17-37.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Yusuf Hassan Abdi]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Yusuf Hassan Abdi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4664971|Abdikadir Hussein Mohamed]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Lagdera, Kaunti ya Garissa | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Abdirahman Ali Hassan]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Abdul Ali Bahari]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Abu Chiaba]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Adan Wehliye Keynan]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Eldas, kaunti ya Wajir | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>1997 | 2002 | [[Faili:Wehiye, Adan Keynan cropped.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Aden Bare Duale]] | Kiongozi katika Bunge la Kitaifa la Kenya na Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Garissa Township, Kaunti ya Garissa | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Kenya Defense Cabinet Secretary Aden Duale at the Kenya Ministry of Defense in Nairobi, Kenya on September 25, 2023 - 230925-D-PM193-2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4682177|Aden Sugow]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Agnes Pareyio]] | Mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake wa Kimasai Kenya, mwanasiasa na Mwanzilishi na Mkurugenzi wa Kituo cha Uokoaji cha Tasaru Ntomonok kwa wasichana wadogo. | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08<br/>2022 | 2027 | |- | [[Shakeel Ahmed Shabbir Ahmed]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Sam Ongeri]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Sam Ongeri (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4717538|Alex Muthengi Mwiru]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4723008|Alfred Khang'ati]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4723231|Alfred Odhiambo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4723395|Alfred Sambu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4725044|Ali Mohamud Mohamed]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4807410|Asman Kamama]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4812751|Atanas Keya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4861331|Barnabas Muturi Mwangi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4887267|Benedict Fodo Gunda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4888887|Benjamin Jomo Washiali]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Beth Wambūi Mūgo|Beth Mugo]] | Mwanasiasa kutoka Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2007 | 2013 | [[Faili:Beth Wambui Mugo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4931560|Boaz Kipchumba Kaino]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4942502|Bonny Khalwale]]'' | Mwanasiasa Mkenya-Seneta Aliyechaguliwa- Kaunti ya Kakamega | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5000973|Burudi Nabwera]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Calist Andrew Mwatela]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Cecily Mbarire|Cecily Mutitu Mbarire]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Gavana mteule wa kaunti ya Embu | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Cecily Mutitu Mbarire.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5076212|Charles Keter]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Hon’ble Charles Keter shakes Yukiya Amano's hand (05010387) (46039052902) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Charles Kilonzo]] | nafasi ya kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5080381|Charles Lugano]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5081173|Charles Mutisya Nyamai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5081372|Charles Onyancha]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Charles Onyancha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5082206|Charles Rubia]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5101863|Chirau Ali Mwakwere]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5107549|Chris Murungaru]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1998 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5107643|Chris Okemo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Christopher Obure]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | [[Faili:Christopher Obure.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5131357|Clement Kungu Waibara]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5131380|Clement Muchiri Wambugu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5200387|Cyprian Ojwang Omollo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Cyrus Jirongo]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5211525|Dalmas Otieno]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5218210|Daniel Muoki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5218224|Daniel Musyoka Mutinda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Danson Mungatana]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5221099|Danson Mwazo Mwakulegwa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5222951|Darius Msagha Mbela]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1998 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5233422|David Eseli Simiyu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2013-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5233438|David Ethuro]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Ekwee David Ethuro Senate of Poland 2015 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[David Koech]] | nafasi ya kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5237863|David Mwaniki Ngugi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[David Mwiraria]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2007 | [[Faili:David Mwiraria, IMF 2004.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5240969|David Were]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5346713|Edwin Ochieng Yinda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5360552|Elias Mbau]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5360973|Elijah Mwangale]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Elizabeth Ongoro]] | Wanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5371996|Emillio Kathuli]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5382308|Ephraim Maina]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5385013|Erastus Kihara Mureithi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7041983|Nixon Kiprotich Korir]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Langata mp.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Njenga Karume]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | [[Faili:Njenga Karume 060808-N-0411D-015.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7042468|Njoki Susanna Ndung'u]]'' | Jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu inchini kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2003 | 2007 | [[Faili:Njoki Ndungu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7042591|Nkoidilla Lankas]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7045471|Noah Wekesa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Noah Wekesa - 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7052649|Norman Nyagah]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7067636|Ntoitha M'mithiaru]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Nyiva Mwendwa]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | [[Faili:Hon. Charity Kaluki Ngilu at Opening Session.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7089757|Omar Mbwana Zonga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7108730|Otieno Kajwang]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1998 | 2013 | [[Faili:Gerald Otieno Kajwang Tartus, 9. mai 2014 - Foto Lilian Lukka.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7146063|Patrick Ayiecho Olweny]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7146899|Patrick Kariuki Muiruri]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7152646|Paul Muite]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7152844|Paul Otuoma]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Peris Chepchumba]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7172546|Peter Anyang' Nyong'o]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Kisumu Governor Anyang Nyong'o giving speech.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7173815|Peter Edick Omondi Anyanga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Peter Kenneth]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Assistant Minister Peter Kenneth.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Peter Kiilu]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7175990|Peter Munya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Peter Munya - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7176115|Peter Njoroge Baiya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7176116|Peter Njeru Ndwiga]]'' | Mwana siasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]]<br/>[[Kaunti ya Embu]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7176118|Peter Njuguna Gitau]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7176205|Peter Ochieng Odoyo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7176221|Peter Oloo-Aringo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | [[Faili:Peter Oloo-Aringo 1986.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Philip Leakey]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7225856|Pollyins Ochieng Anyango]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7288734|Ramadhan Seif Kajembe]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7293983|Raphael Lentimalo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7327862|Richard Momoima Onyonka]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7346378|Robert Kiptoo Kipkorir]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7348145|Robert Onsare Monda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7353047|Robinson Njeru Githae]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Robinson Njeru Githae.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Sally Kosgei]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7409808|Sammy Mwaita]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7411903|Samuel Kambi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7425832|Sasura Hussein Tarry]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7514201|Silas Muriuki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7519199|Simon Lesirma]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7555005|Soita Shitanda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7563913|Sospeter Ojaamong]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Stanley Munga Githunguri]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7672799|Taaitta Toweett]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7791963|Thomas Ludindi Mwadeghu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7809140|Tiras Nyingi Ngahu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2012-09 | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7926175|Victor Munyaka]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7959445|Wafula Wabuge]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7972008|Washington Jakoyo Midiwo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8000077|Wilber Otichilo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Portrait Image of Dr. Wilber Khasilwa Ottichilo - 2nd and Current Governor of Vihiga County.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8001838|Wilfred Machage]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Wilfred Moriasi Ombui]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8013849|William Kabogo Gitau]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2010<br/>2002 | 2013<br/>2007 | [[Faili:William Kabogo Gitau.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[William Kipkorir]] | nafasi ya kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2025-02-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q8016314|William Odongo Omamo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | [[Faili:W.omamo-potrait208-1187..jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[William Ole Ntimama]] | Kufikia tarehe 10/7/22, Ntimama alikuwa Waziri wa Nchi wa Urithi na Utamaduni wa Kitaifa. | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8023122|Wilson Litole]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8039607|Wycliffe Oparanya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Wycliffe Oparanya UNDP HQ 2010.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8061937|Yusuf Chanzu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Zachary Onyonka]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8065041|Zakayo Cheruiyot]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8068252|Zebedeo John Opore]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | [[Gideon Moi]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | [[Bonaya Godana]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1988 | 2006 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12053090|Najib Balala]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Najibu Balala - MP for Mvita.JPG|center|128px]] |- | [[Ali Rasso Dido]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Saku, Kaunti ya Marsabet | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Mutula Kilonzo]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Mutula Kilonzo UNDP 2009.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16007821|Thomas Johnson Kuto Kalume]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:The Rt.Rev.Thomas Johnson Kalume.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[James Nyamweya]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Moses Kiprono arap Keino]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16150817|Martin Nyaga Wambora]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | [[Faili:Martin Wambora.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16152027|Wakoli Bifwoli]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16187229|Justin Muturi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 1999 | 2007 | [[Faili:Justin Muturi (MUS1515) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16192784|Mutahi Kagwe]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | [[Faili:Senator Mutahi Kagwe (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16194232|Humphrey Kimani Njuguna]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16194826|Irshadali Sumra]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16213140|Godhana Dhadho Gaddae]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Sabina Wanjiru Chege]] | Mwana siasa kutoka nchini Kenya-Mwakilishi wa Wanawake wa kaunti ya Murang’a | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Sabina Chege at John De'Mathew Memorial.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16226678|Benson Mbai Itwiku]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Joseph Lekuton]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Laisamis- Kaunti ya Marsabit | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Amason Kingi]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Spika wa Seneti ya Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16730543|Philip Kaloki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16730551|Joseph Kamotho]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16730588|Japhet Kareke Mbiuki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Joseph Nganga Kiuna]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16731419|Moses Lessonet]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16732461|Julius Kibiwott Melly]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16732730|Hussein Maalim Mohamed]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1988 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16733078|John Michael Njenga Mututho]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16733083|Mwandawiro Mghanga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16733644|Martin Otieno Ogindo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16733692|Moses ole Sakuda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Samuel Poghisio]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Samuel Losuron Poghisio.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Sonia Birdi]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16843221|Nderitu Gachagua]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16864850|Abdul Rahim Dawood]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Imenti Kaskazini, Kaunti ya Meru | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16866303|Kinoti Gatobu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16866321|Kembi Gitura]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | [[Naomi Shaban]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Peris Tobiko]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q17198176|Shukran Hussein Gure]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Shukrangure.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Esther Murugi Mathenge]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5407838|Eugene Wamalwa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Eugine Ludovic Wamalwa.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5415878|Evans Akula]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5429550|Fahim Yasin Twaha]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5434731|Farah Maalim Mohamed]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Dadaab, Kaunti ya Garissa | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Faaraxsave.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5443920|Ferdinand Waititu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2015-05-04 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5455562|Fitz Remedios Santana de Souza]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5480460|Francis Chachu Ganya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5481874|Francis Masakhalia]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5482591|Francis Thombe Nyammo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5491306|Franklin Bett]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Franklin Bett.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Franklin Linturi]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5495322|Fred Gumo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1994 | 2013 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5495634|Fred Kapondi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5498498|Frederick Outa Otieno]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5499421|Fredrick Oduya Oprong]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[George Moseti Anyona]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2002 | |- | [[George Khaniri]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5545223|George Thuo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5559628|Gideon Mung'aro]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Gideon Ndambuki]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5561019|Gilbert Kabere M'mbijiwe]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5576439|Godfrey Gitahi Kariuki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5584340|Gor Sunguh]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5679565|Hassan Ali Joho]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Henry Kosgey]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6076813|Isaac Mulatya Muoki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6077048|Isaac Ruto]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | [[Jackson Kiptanui]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6122859|Charles Njagua Kanyi]]'' | Mwanamuziki wa Kenya na Mbunge wa zamani wa Jimbo la Starehe | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[James Gichuru]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6137496|James Kwanya Rege]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6138825|James Maina Kamau]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6140626|James Ondicho Gesami]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[James Omingo Magara]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[James Orengo]] | Wakili wa Kenya, Mwanasiasa | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2002 | [[Faili:James Orengo in 2024.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6147903|Jamleck Irungu Kamau]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Hon Jamleck Kamau.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6180863|Jeremiah J.M. Nyagah]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Jeremiah Ngayu Kioni]] | nafasi ya kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6238091|John Harun Mwau]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2007 | 2013 | [[Faili:Harun-mwau.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6243378|John Koech]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[John Njoroge Michuki]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:John Michuki.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6249843|John Munyes]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6250396|John Ngata Kariuki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2007-12 | 2010-10 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6251185|aluoch]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6252609|John Pesa Dache]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6268381|Johnson Nduya Muthama]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Johnstone Muthama.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6283465|Joseph Gachoki Gitari]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kirinyaga ya Kati, Kaunti ya Kirinyaga | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Joseph Nyagah]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6285933|Joseph Ole Nkaissery]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | 2014-12-02 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6285990|Joseph Oyugi Magwanga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Joseph Wamukoya]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Josephat Karanja]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6288277|Josephat Koli Nanok]]'' | Mwanasiasa Nchini Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Joshua Kutuny]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Joyce Cherono Laboso]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya (1960-2019) | [[Kenya]] | 2008-09-25 | 2017-08-07 | |- | [[Julius Kipyegon Kones]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6309933|Julius Lekakeny ole Sunkuli]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kilgoris, Kaunti ya Narok | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6309975|Julius Murgor]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6343844|Kabando wa Kabando]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6377793|Katoo Ole Metito]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6405280|Kiema Kilonzo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6406813|Kilemi Mwiria]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Kipkalya Kones]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1988 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6414697|Kiprono Langat]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Kipruto Rono Arap Kirwa]] | nafasi ya kenya | [[Kenya]] | 1990 | 2007 | |- | [[Kiraitu Murungi]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Kivutha Kibwana]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6418830|Kivuti Maxwell]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6514327|Lee Kinyanjui]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6536911|Lewis Nguyai Nganga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Linah Kilimo]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na mwenyekiti wa zamani wa Bodi ya Kupambana na Ukeketaji, Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Linah Jebii Kilimo, Chair of anti-FGM Board, Kenya, speaking at the Girl Summit 2014 (14724900665).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Lorna Laboso]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya (1961-2008) | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6696106|Lucas Chepkitony]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Luka Kigen]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Margaret Kamar]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Margaret Wanjiru]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Askofu katika Kanisa la Jesus is Alive Ministries (JIAM) | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6776584|Martin Shikuku]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Mary Wambui]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2013-03-28 | 2017-08-07 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6791519|Matthias Benedict Keah]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1988 | 2002 | |- | [[John Mbadi|Mbadi John Ng'ongo]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6799700|Mbiyu Koinange]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6848880|Mike Sonko]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2010-09-20 | 2013 | [[Faili:Sonko in 2023.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6891252|Mohamed Hussein Ali]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Mohamed Ibrahim Elmi]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6891343|Mohamed Maalim Mohamud]]'' | | [[Eritrea]]<br/>[[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:MohamedMaalimMohamud.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Mohammed Kuti]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6915674|Moses Akaranga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Mukhisa Kituyi]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Mukhisa Kituyi - 2013.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6937046|Munyua Waiyaki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6939960|Musa Sirma]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6943746|Mutava Musyimi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Mutava Musyimi with Children in Gachoka.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6944629|Mwalimu Masudi Mwahima]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Mwangi Kiunjuri|Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6961671|Namesyus Warugongo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Nassir Nuh Abdi]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6983763|Ndiritu Muriithi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6990527|Nelson Gaichuhie]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Nicholas Biwott]] | | [[Kenya]] | 1979 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7025483|Nicholas Gumbo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Grace Kiptui]] | Mwanasiasa Wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Fatuma Ibrahim Ali]] | Mwanasiasa wa Somalia | [[Kenya]] | 2013-03 | 2017-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q17464750|Kipng'eno Arap Ng'eny]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q17509770|Adhu Awiti]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q18098773|Robert Pukose]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Samuel Moroto|Chumel Samuel Moroto]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Kapenguria | [[Kenya]] | 2001<br/>2017-08-31 | 2007 | |- | [[Grace Jelagat Kipchoim]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2018-04-20 | |- | ''[[:d:Q18388019|Khatib Mwashetani]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q18417138|Nancy Ascencio]]'' | | [[Venezuela]] | | | |- | [[Fred Mbiti Gideon Mati]] | Mwafrika wa kwanza Mkenya kuwa Mwalimu wa Shule nchini Uingereza | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q18629013|Marsden Madoka]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | [[George Muchai]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19386807|Philip Godana]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19604826|Robert Mbui]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kathiani, Kaunti ya Machakos | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19604843|Jackson Kasanga Mulwa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19662588|Filemon F. Indire]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:Professor Indire visiting a park in Illinois, USA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Mwaura Isaac Maigua|Isaac Mwaura]] | Mwanasiasa Mkenya | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:SEN. DR ISAAC MWAURA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20982198|George Nyamweya]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q21062735|Gideon Mwiti]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q21062983|Marianne Jebet Kitany]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Aldai | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | [[Mohamed Abdi Affey]] | | | 1997 | 2002 | [[Faili:2015 08 Hiran Shebelle Formation-9 (20400044455).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Moses Kuria]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri wa Biashara, Uwekezaji na Maendeleo ya Viwanda | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Moses Kuria - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22279006|Richard Makenga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q23808689|George Ndung'u Mwicigi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q23887512|Timothy Wanyonyi Wetangula]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- mbunge wa Jimbo la Westlands | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:HON. TIM WANYONYI.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Esther Passaris]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Esther Passaris.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24892770|Ngala Mwendwa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q25113132|Daniel Karaba]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | [[Faili:Senator Dickson Daniel Karaba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Alice Wahome|Alice Muthoni Wahome]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kandara, Kaunti ya Murang&#39;a na Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri wa Maji, Usafi wa Mazingira na Umwagiliaji | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Alice Wahome - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28113009|Irungu Kang'ata]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:IKangata.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28967580|Sakaja Johnson]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Sakaja in 2024.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29533497|Thomas Okelo-Odongo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1963 | 1969 | [[Faili:Tom Okelo Odongo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29572473|Simon Mbugua]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30323725|Wavinya Ndeti]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Wavinya2.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Naisula Lesuuda]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Samburu Magharibi na mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2022 | [[Faili:Naisula lesuuda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q38459259|Kipsengeret Koros]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Janet Ong'era]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2022-08 | [[Faili:Janet ongera picture.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q43927930|Muthomi Njuki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Muthomi nJUKI.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Francis Nyenze]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q46358834|Nimrod Mbithuka Mbai]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kitui Mashariki, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Nimrod Mbai Portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Beatrice Elachi]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | [[Faili:Beatrice.webp|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47483883|Elsie Busihile Muhanda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47486849|Gertrude Mbeyu Mwanyanje]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08 | [[Faili:Gertrude Mwanyanje.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47489018|David Losiakou Pkosing]]'' | Mbunge wa Pokot kusini | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47489037|Michael Mwangi Muchira]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Oljorok, Kaunti ya Nyandarua | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Gladys Wanga]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Wanga in 2024.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Kulow Maalim Hassan]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Banissa | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Gladwell Jesire Cheruiyot]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Joyce Chepkoech Korir]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Catherine Wambilianga|Catherine Nanjala Wambilianga]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490033|Jane Jepkorir Kiptoo Chebaibai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Jane Wanjuki Njiru]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490037|Anab Mohamed Gure]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490038|Rehema Dida Jaldesa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490039|Janet marania Teyiaa]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Florence Bore|Florence Chepngetich Koskey]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri wa Kazi na Ulinzi wa Jamii | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Gathoni Wa Muchomba|Gathoni Wamuchomba]] | Mwanasiasa Mkenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Githunguri, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Purity Wangui Ngirici|mwanasiasa kutoka kenya]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Rozaah Akinyi Buyu]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya ambaye ni mwanachama wa Bunge la Kitaifa la eneo bunge la Kisumu Magharibi, Kaunti ya Kisumu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490049|Irene Muthoni Kasalu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Zuleikha Hassan|Zuleikha Ju Ma Hassan]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490051|Catherine Wanjiku Waruguru]]'' | Mwanasiasa | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490052|Ruweida Mohamed Obo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Lamu Mashariki, Kaunti ya Lamu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490053|Joyce Kamene]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490054|Rose Museo Mumo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490056|Amina Gedow Hassan]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Safia Sheikh Adan]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Kawira Mwangaza]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490059|Pamela Awuor Ochieng]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Chelule Liza|Chelule Chepkorir Liza]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Tecla Tum|Tecla Chebet Tum]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Soipan Tuya|Roselinda Soipan Tuya]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri wa Mazingira na Misitu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Soipan latest photo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Jerusha Mongina Momanyi]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Faith Gitau|Faith Wairimu Gitau]] | Mwanasiasa mkenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Faith Gitau.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Rahab Mukami|Rahab Mukami Wachira]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490069|Maison Leshoomo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Christine Ombaka]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Lydia Haika|Lydia Haika Mnene Mizighi]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mwakilishi wa Wanawake wa Kaunti ya Taita Taveta aliyechaguliwa | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Lydia Haika.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47490073|Rehema Hassan]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Beatrice Nkatha|Beatrice Nkatha Nyaga]] | Wanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47490075|Janet Nangabo Wanyama]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Joyce Emanikor|Joyce Akai Emanikor]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Gladys Boss Shollei|Gladys Jepkosgei-Boss Shollei]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Beatrice Adagala|Beatrice Kahai Adagala]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>200-08 | | |- | [[Lilian Tomitom|Lilian Cheptoo Tomitom]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493894|Gideon Sitelu Konchela]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Wafula Wamunyinyi]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Deputy Special Representative of the Chairperson of the African Union Commission for Somalia Wafula Wamunyinyi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[David Gikaria]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493910|Isaac Waihenya Ndirangu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493913|Korei Ole Lemein]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493920|James Wambura Nyikal]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Seme, Kaunti ya Kisumu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493923|Omar Mwinyi Shimbwa]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya -Mbunge wa Changamwe | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493925|Charles Gumini Gimose]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493930|Samuel Arama]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493933|Richard Moitalei Ole Kenta]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493935|David Njuguna Kiaraho]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Olkalou, Kaunti ya Nyandarua | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493938|Swarup Ranjan Mishra]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Swarup-ranjan-mishra.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47493940|Alfred Agoi Masadia]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493944|James Lusweti Mukwe]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493946|Kassim Sawa Tandaza]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Eneo bunge la Matuga, kaunti ya Kwale | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493951|James Mwangi Gakuya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Ali Wario]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493956|Christopher Omulele]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493958|Mathenge James Kanini Kega]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493961|Ben George Orori Momanyi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493962|Johana Ngeno Kipyegon]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Emurua Dikirr Constituency | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493964|Bady Twalib Bady]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - mbunge wa Jomvu Constituency | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493967|Suleiman Dori]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2020-03-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493970|George Theuri]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493974|Paul Simba Arati]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493977|William Kamuren Chirchir Chepkut]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493981|Sylvanus Maritim]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493985|Cornelly Serem]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47493987|Samuel Onunga Atandi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Alego Usonga | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Samuel Atandi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47493990|John Walter Owino]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Awendo | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Hon. Walter Owino (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47493992|Onesmas Kimani Ngunjiri]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Aliyekuwa Mbunge wa Jimbo la Bahati | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Abdi Omar Shurie]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa Jimbo la Balambala | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494001|Joshua Chepyegon Kandie]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Baringo ya Kati | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494007|Nelson Koech]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa Belgut | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Innocent Obiri|Innocent Momanyi Obiri]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa Eneo Bunge la Bobasi- Kaunti ya Kisii | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494010|Zadoc Abel Ogutu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494192|Miruka Ondieki Alfah]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Bomachoge Chache-Kaunti ya Kisii | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494197|Ronald Kiprotich Tonui]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494199|Beatrice Pauline Cherono Kones]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2008 | 2022-08<br/>2013 | |- | [[John Oyioka|John Oroo Oyioka]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2015-05-04 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494201|Gideon Ochanda Ogolla]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494205|Raphael Bitta Sauti Wanjala]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494208|MOSES WEKESA MWAMBU MABONGA]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494212|Japheth Kiplangat Mutai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494217|Nicholas Scott Tindi Mwale]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494219|Joseph H Maero Oyula]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494223|Mugambi Murwithania Rindikiri]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Buuri, Kaunti ya Meru | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494224|Moses Nguchine Kirima]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Imenti ya Kati, Kaunti ya Meru | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494225|Gideon Kimutai Koske]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494228|Wilson Kipngetich Kogo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494231|Patrick Munene Ntwiga]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Chuka Igambang’ombe, Kaunti ya Tharaka Nithi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494238|Mohamed Dahir Duale]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494245|John Kiarie Waweru]]'' | mwanasiasa kutoka kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:John Kiarie Waweru.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47494250|Benjamin Gathiru Mwangi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Babu Owino|Owino Paul Ongili Babu]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge (Mbunge) wa Eneobunge la Embakasi Mashariki | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494260|Julius Musili Mawathe]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya -Mbunge wa Jimbo la Embakasi Kusini | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494265|Alexander Kimutai Kigen Kosgey]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494270|Jeremiah Omboko Milemba]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Emuhaya, kaunti ya Vihiga | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494273|Abdikhaim Osman Mohamed]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494280|Wilberforce Ojiambo Oundo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494291|Said Buya Hiribae]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Galole, Kaunti ya Tana River | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494292|Teddy Ngumbao Mwambire]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494295|Ali Wario Guyo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Eneobunge la Garsen, Kaunti ya Tana River | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494298|Joseph Nduati Ngugi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494304|Annie Wanjiku Kibeh]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494306|Elisha Ochieng Odhiambo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Gem | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494307|Robert Gichimu Githinji]]'' | Mwanasheria wa Kenya na mwanasiasa-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Gichugu, Kaunti ya Kirinyaga | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Martha Wangari Wanjira]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494311|Gabriel Kago Mukuha]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494313|George Peter Opondo Kaluma]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Homa Bay Mjini, Kaunti ya Homa Bay | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494314|Cyprian Kubai Iringo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494318|Richard Maore Maoka]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494319|John Paul Mwirigi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Igembe Kusini, Kaunti ya Meru | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Sophia Abdi Noor]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494323|Benard Masaka Shinali]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2013-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494329|Hassan Oda Hulufo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494330|Abdi Koropu Tepo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494331|Francis Munyua Waititu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494335|James Githua Kamau Wamacukuru]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kabete, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494338|Eve Akinyi Obar]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Eneo bunge la Kabondo Kasipul, Kaunti ya Homa Bay | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494339|Mark Lomunokol]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494341|Joshua Kivinda Kimilu]]'' | Mwanasiasa Mkenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kaiti, Kaunti ya Makueni | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494347|Elijah Memusi Kanchory]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kajiado ya Kati, Kaunti ya Kajiado | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2015-05-04 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494350|Joseph Wathigo Manje]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494354|Metito Judah Katoo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494355|George Risa Sunkuyia]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494361|Paul Kahindi Katana]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kaloleni, kaunti ya Kilifi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494365|Clement Muturi Kigano]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494373|Fabian Kyule Muli]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kangundo, Kaunti ya Machakos | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494377|Oscar Kipchumba Sudi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Mbunge wa Kapseret | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494383|Andrew Adipo Okuome]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Karachuonyo, Kaunti ya Homa Bay | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Mercy Gakuya]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494389|Charles Ong'ondo Were]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kasipul, Kaunti ya Homa Bay | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494393|James Kipkosgei Murgor]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494399|Daniel Kipkogei Rono]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494400|Christopher Aseka Wangaya]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Khwisero | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494404|Paul Koinange]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2021-03-31 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494407|Jude L Kangethe Njomo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494410|Kenneth Odhiambo Okoth]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2019-07-26 | |- | [[Jessica Nduku Kiko Mbalu]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kibwei Mashariki, Kaunti ya Makueni | [[Kenya]] | 2013<br/>2017<br/>2022-08 | 2017<br/>2022-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494421|Patrick Mweu Musimba]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2013-10-17 | | |- | [[Ruth Wangari Mwaniki|Ruth W Mwaniki]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494428|Samson Ndindi Nyoro]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kiharu, Kaunti ya Murang&#39;a | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:NDINDI.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47494431|Antony Kimani Ichung'wah]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kikuyu, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494435|Owen Yaa Baya]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Kilifi Kaskazini, Kaunti ya Kilifi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494438|Richard Ken Chonga Kiti]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kilifi Kusini, kaunti ya Kilifi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494444|Thaddeus Kithua Nzambia]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kilome, Kaunti ya Makueni | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Didmus Barasa|Didmus Wekesa Barasa Mutua]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494460|Chrisantus Wamalwa Wakhungu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494464|Benjamin Dalu Stephen Tayari]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494467|Zachary Kwenya Thuku]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kinangop, Kaunti ya Nyandarua | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494470|Kirui Joseph Limo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494471|Hilary Kiplang'at Kosgei]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494473|John Munene Wambugu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494478|Ali Menza Mbogo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494480|Fred Odhiambo Ouda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494484|Benson Makali Mulu]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kitui ya Kati, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494493|David Mwalika Mboni]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kitui Rural, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Rachael Kaki Nyamai]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo Kusini- Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2013<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08<br/>2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494517|Jimmy Nuru Ondieki Angwenyi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494518|Shadrack John Mose]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494549|Yegon Brighton Leonard]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494557|Moses Kipkemboi Cheboi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494560|Tonui Joseph Kipkosgey]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494590|Marwa Kemero Maisori Kitayama]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kuria Mashariki | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494619|Mathias Nyamabe Robi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494623|Ferdinard Kevin Wanyonyi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494628|Abdi Mude Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494633|Mohamed Hire Garane]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Ali, Amin Deddy Mohamed]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Sara Korere|Sarah Paulata Korere]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Laikipia Kaskazini | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2013<br/>2022-08 | 2017-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494641|Patrick Kariuki Mariru]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence Patrick Mariru.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47494642|Marselino Malimo Arbelle]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494644|Sharif Athman Ali]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494646|Stanley Muiruri Muthama]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Lamu Magharibi, Kaunti ya Lamu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494658|Jonah Mburu Mwangi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494664|Mishi Juma Khamisi Mboko]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Likoni | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494669|Enoch Wamalwa Kibunguchy]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494675|Peter Mungai Mwathi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494679|Jeremiah Ekamais Lomorukai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494687|Ayub Savula Angatia]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494692|Titus Khamala Mukhwana]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494697|Michael Thoyah Kingi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494704|George Aladwa Omwera]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494709|Daniel Kitonga Maanzo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494713|Moses Malulu Injendi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Malava, kaunti ya Kakamega | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Aisha Jumwa|Aisha Jumwa Karisa Katana]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2013 | 2022-08<br/>2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494723|Omar Mohamed Maalim Hassan]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Abdullah Bashir Sheikh]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Adan Haji Ali]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494732|Adan Haji Yussuf]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mandera Magharibi, Kaunti ya Mandera | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494735|John Muchiri Nyaga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Mary Wamaua Waithira Njoroge]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Maragwa, Kaunti ya Murang&#39;a | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494744|David Kangogo Bowen]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494748|William Kipkemoi Kisang]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494753|Joshua Mbithi Mwalyo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Masinga, Kaunti ya Machakos | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494758|Geoffrey Makokha Odanga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494761|Anthony Tom Oluoch]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Mathare | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494763|Peter Kimari Kihara]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Rigathi Gachagua]] | Naibu wa rais wa Kenya (2022-2024) | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Rigathi Gachagua - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47494768|Justus Murunga Makokha]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494770|Stephen Mutinda Mule]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Matungulu, Kaunti ya Machakos | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494776|Patrick Makau King'ola]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mavoko, Kaunti ya Machakos | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494778|Charles Muriuki Njagagua]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494781|Geoffrey Kingagi Muturi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494784|Erastus Kivasu Nzioka]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mbooni, Kaunti ya Makueni | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494789|Daniel Kamuren Tuitoek]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494792|Silas Kipkoech Tiren]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494794|Francis Kuria Kimani]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Molo | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494799|Vincent Kipkurui Tuwei]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494803|Qalicha Gufu Wario]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494804|Fred Kapondi Chesebe]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mlima Elgon, Kaunti ya Bungoma | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494809|James Onyango K'Oyoo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Muhoroni | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494813|Anthony Githiaka Kiai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494819|Johnson Manya Naicca]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Abdullswamad Sherrif Nassir]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494824|Vincent Musyoka Musau]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mwala, Kaunti ya Machakos | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494827|Andrew Mwadime]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494828|Josphat Kabinga Wachira]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494833|Gideon Mutemi Mulyungi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mwingi ya Kati, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494839|Paul Musyimi Nzengu]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mwingi Kaskazini, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494840|Charles Ngusya Nguna]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mwingi Magharibi, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Jayne Kihara|Jayne Njeri Wanjiru Kihara]] | nsfasi ya kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2003 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494847|Sakwa John Bunyasi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494850|Alfred Kiptoo Keter]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494853|Lemanken Aramat]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494858|Gabriel Koshal Tongoyo]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Narok Magharibi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494859|Emmanuel Wangwe]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | [[Faili:Wangwe Emmanuel.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47494862|Martin Peters Owino]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Ndhiwa, Kaunti ya Homa Bay | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494863|George Macharia Kariuki]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Ndia, Kaunti ya Kirinyaga | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Charity Kathambi Chepkwony]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Njoro | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494868|Joash Nyamache Nyamoko]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- mbunge wa Eneobunge la Mugirango Kaskazini, Kaunti ya Nyamira | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494872|Joshua Aduma Owuor]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Nyakach, Kaunti ya Kisumu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494876|Jared Odoyo Okelo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494882|Richard Nyagaka Tongi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2013-12-30 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494886|Ezekiel Machogu]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya na Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri wa Elimu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494889|Tom Mboya Odege]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Nyatike | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494899|Martin Deric Ngunjiri Wambugu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494909|James Gichuki Mugambi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494929|William Kamoti Mwamkale]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Lilian Gogo|Lilian Achieng Gogo]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494933|Paul Otiende Amollo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494946|Kipruto Moi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Paul Abuor]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- mbunge wa eneo bunge la Rongo, Kaunti ya Migori | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494960|Tom Joseph Francis Kajwang']]'' | Mwanasisa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494963|Simon Ng’ang’a Kingara]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Ruiru, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494968|Eric Muchangi Njiru]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Runyenjes, Kaunti ya Embu | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494971|Caleb Amisi Luyai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494981|Lentoi Joni L Jackson Lekumontare]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494993|Alois Musa Lentoimaga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47494999|Justus Gesito Mugali M'mbaya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495001|Peter Lochakapong]]'' | Mwanasiasa Mkenya Mjumbe Mteule wa Jimbo la Sigor | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495024|John Waluke Koyi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Sirisia Constituency | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495034|Dominic Kipkoech Koskei]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495046|Kathuri Murungi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495055|Silvanus Osoro Onyiego]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mugirango Kusini- Kaunti ya Kisii | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495070|Caleb Kipkemei Kositany]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Millie Grace Akoth Odhiambo]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2013-08<br/>2007<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08<br/>2017-08<br/>2013 | [[Faili:Hon. Millie Odhiambo in National Assembly.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q47495079|Samuel Kinuthia Gachobe]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495084|Junet Sheikh Nuh]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495101|Peter Francis Masara]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- mbunge wa eneo bunge la Suna Magharibi, Kaunti ya Migori | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495114|Ahmed Bashane Gaal]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495116|Edward Oku Kaunya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495117|Geoffrey Omuse]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495122|James Gichuhi Mwangi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495127|George Gitonga Murugara]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Tharaka, Kaunti ya Tharaka Nithi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495130|Patrick Kimani Wainaina Jungle]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495132|William Kamket Kassait]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya - Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Tiaty, Kaunti ya Baringo | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495134|Josphat Gichunge Mwirabua Kabeabea]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495137|John Kanyuithia Mutunga]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Tigania Magharibi, Kaunti ya Meru | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Janet Jepkemboi Sitienei]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495147|John Lodepe Nakara]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495152|Lokiru Ali Mohammed]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495156|Christopher Doye Nakuleu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495159|Ekomwa Lomenen James]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495163|Daniel Epuyo Nanok]]'' | Mwanasiasa Mkenya-Mbunge wa Eneo Bunge la Turkana Magharibi, Kaunti ya Turkana | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495165|Christopher Odhiambo Karani]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | 2019 | |- | [[Opiyo Wandayi|James Opiyo Wandayi]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495175|Mark Ogolla Nyamita]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Uriri, Kaunti ya Migori | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495177|Ernest Ogesi Kivai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495180|Jones Mwagogo Mlolwa]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | [[Amin, Rashid Kassim]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495185|Ahmed Abdisalan Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495187|Mohamud Sheikh Mohammed]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495188|Ahmed Kolosh Mohamed]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2019 | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495190|Daniel Wanyama Sitati]]'' | Mwanasiasa na Mbunge wa Kenya-Eneo bunge la Webuye Magharibi | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495194|Vincent Kemosi Mogaka]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47495195|Danson Mwashako Mwakuwona]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Wundanyi, Kaunti ya Taita Taveta | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47514875|Paul Githiomi Mwangi]]'' | | | 1995 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47516274|Rose Ogendo Nyamunga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2013 | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47516278|Mary Yiane Seneta]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q48472383|Ukur Yatani Kanacho]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2006 | 2007 | [[Faili:Ukur Yatani.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q48773183|Marere wa Mwachai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q51029838|Edith Vethi Nyenze]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kitui Magharibi, Kaunti ya Kitui | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08<br/>2018 | 2022-08 | |- | [[Fatuma Gedi]] | Mwanasiasa wa wajir Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08 | 2022-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60048335|Francis Kagwima]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | [[Faili:Francis Kagwima.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60332243|Florence Mwikali Mutua]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q60332262|Asha Hussein Mohamed]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q60332280|Japhet Miriti Kareke Mbiuki]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mjumbe wa Bunge la Kitaifa na Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Maara (Jubilee Party of Kenya), Kaunti ya Tharaka Nithi | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q65850416|Matthew Adams Karauri]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | [[Benard Otieno Okoth]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q86424308|Joseph Manje]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:Hon Manje.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q88808420|Ochilo Ayacko]]'' | Mwanasiasa Wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | [[Faili:Ochilo Ayacko potrait for governor.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q95692691|Francis Polisi Loile Lotodo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2001 | |- | [[James Murgor]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96362528|Alfred Kiprato Kerich]]'' | | | | | |- | [[Dennitah Ghati]] | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q101071329|Benjamin Langat]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa Jimbo la Ainamoi aliyechaguliwa | | | | [[Faili:Benjamin Langat.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q103732378|Elijah K. Sumbeiywo]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | [[Flowrence Jematiah Sergon]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Wanjiku Muhia]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-mbunge wa Jimbo la Kipipiri | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Hon.wanjiku muhia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106356656|Reggie Alexander]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1963 | 1967 | |- | ''[[:d:Q107222476|Rachel Shebesh]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q107407467|Shaaban Ali Issack]]'' | | | 1994 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q109070160|Wilson Sossion]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q109570540|Mohammad Ali Mohamed]]'' | Mwanasiasa | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111177826|John Ndirangu Kariuki]]'' | | | 2013-03-10 | 2017-07-16 | |- | [[David Ochieng Ouma]] | | | 2019 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111179984|Halima Yussuf Mucheke]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111179987|Jennifer Shamalla]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111179989|Maina Kamanda]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111179990|Nasri Sahal Ibrahim]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111179991|Jacquiline Adhiambo Oduol]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111179993|Sammy Kipkorir Seroney]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111180002|Charles Kamuren]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Baringo Kusini | | 2018-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111180007|David Ole Sankok]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111180017|Gideon Keter]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:Image 2020-07-01 at 6.38.37 PM.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111180034|Godfrey Osotsi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188192|Zipporah Jesang Kurgat Kering]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188206|Abass Sheikh Mohamed]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188207|Abdi Noor Mohammed Ali]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188208|Abdikadir Omar Aden]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188209|Abdikadir Ore Ahmed]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188210|Abdulaziz Ali Farah]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188211|Abdullahi Jaldesa Banticha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188212|Adan Mohamed Nooru]]'' | | | 1998 | 1002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188213|Alice Nyanchoka Chae]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | [[Alice Wambui Ng'ang'a]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Thika Town, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | 2013<br/>2022-08 | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188215|Amina Abdalla]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188216|Andrew Toboso Anyanga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188217|Annah Nyokabi Gathecha]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188218|Anthony Mutahi Kimaru]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188219|Arthur Papa Odera]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188220|Augostinho Neto Oyugi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188221|Benard Kipkirui Bett]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188222|Benjamin Andola Andayi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188224|Benson Mutura Kangara]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188225|Bernard Munywoki Kitungi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188226|Bishop Robert Mutemi Mutua]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188227|Bonface Okhiya Otsiula]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188228|Cecilia Chelangat Ngetich]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188229|Charles Mongare Geni]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188230|Daniel Kazungu Muzee]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188231|David Karithi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188232|David Wafula Wekesa]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188233|Dennis Kariuki Waweru]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188234|Diriye Abdullahi Mohamed]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188235|Dorcas Luvalitsa Kedogo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188236|Chris Munga Nyamaratandi Bichage]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188237|Hellen Sambili]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188238|Reginalda Nakhumicha Wanyonyi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188239|Simon Ogari]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188240|Susan Mbinya Musyoka]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188241|Edwin Kipruto Barchilei]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188242|Ejidius Njogu Barua]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188243|Elias Bare Shill]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188244|Elijah Mosomi Moindi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188245|Elisha Kipkorir Busienei]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188246|John Kiragu Chege]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Limuru, Kaunti ya Kiambu | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188247|Stephen Muriuki Ngare]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188248|Eric Arap Keter]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188249|Esther Nyambura Gathogo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188250|Eusilah Jepkosgei Ngeny]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188251|Florence Kajuju]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188252|Francis Kigo Njenga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188253|Francis Mwangangi Kilonzo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188254|Francis Waweru Nderitu]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188255|G.J. Munuve Mati]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188256|George Mike Wanjohi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188257|George Oner Ogalo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188258|George Washinton Mallan Omondi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188259|Gideon Maitha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188260|Halima Ware Duri]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188261|Harrison Garama Kombe]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Magarini, kaunti ya Kilifi | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188262|Hassan Abdi Dukicha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188263|Hassan Aden Osman]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188264|Hassan Mohamed Mwanyoha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188265|Hellen Chelangat Chepkwony]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188266|Hezron Awiti Bollo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188267|Willy Mtengo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188268|Ibrahim Abdi Saney]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Wajir Kaskazini, Kaunti ya Garissa | | | | |- | [[Ahmed Abass|Ibrahim Ahmed Abass]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188270|Ibrahim Ahmed Sane]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188271|Jackson Kipkorir Rop]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188272|Jacob Waweru Macharia]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188273|James Kimaru Bett]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188274|James Ndungu Gethenji]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188275|Jane Agnes Wanjira Machira]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188276|Jared Odhiambo Opiyo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188277|Joash Odhiambo Olum]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188278|Joe Musyimi Mutambu]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188279|Joel Onyancha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188280|John Bomet Serut]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188281|John Karanja Kihagi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188282|John Muriithi Waiganjo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188283|John Njoroge Chege]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188284|John Ogutu Omondi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188285|John Owuor Onyango Kobado]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188287|Jonathan Lelelit Lati]]'' | Mwanasiasa kutoka Kenya | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188288|Joseph M'eruaki M'uthari]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188289|Joseph Mburu Kahangara]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Lari, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188290|Joseph Ngugi Nyumu]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188291|Joseph Obiero Ndiege]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188292|Joseph Samal Lomwa]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Isiolo Kaskazini, Kaunti ya Isiolo | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188293|Joyce Wanjalah Lay]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188294|Julius Ndegwa Kariuki]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188295|Justice Kipsang Kemei]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188296|Ken Obura Mirenga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188297|Lawrence Mpuru Aburi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Tigania Mashariki, Kaunti ya Meru | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188298|Leonard Kipkosgei Sang]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188299|Lisamula Silverse Anami]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188300|Mahbub Fathia]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188301|Manson Nyamweya]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188302|Marcus Mutua Muluvi]]'' | | | | | |- | [[Mary Emaase|Mary Emaase Otucho]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Teso Kusini, Kaunti ya Busia | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188304|Mary Njoki G Mbugua]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188305|Mary Sally Keraa]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188307|Mathew Lekidime Lempurkel]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188308|Maweu Kyengo Katatha]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188309|Michael Aringo Onyura]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188310|Michael Manthi Kisoi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188311|Mohamed Abdi Haji Mohamed]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188312|Mohamed Adan Huka]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188313|Mohamed Muktar Shidiye]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188315|Mwinga Gunga Chea]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188316|Nasra Ibrahim Ibren]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188317|Nicholas Ngikor Nixon]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Eneo Bunge la Turkana Mashariki, Kaunti ya Turkana | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188318|Patrick Keturet Ole Ntutu]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188319|Patrick Wangamati]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188320|Paul Kipchirchir Bii]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188321|Peter Kamande Mwangi]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188322|Peter Safari Shehe]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188323|Peter Weru Kinyua]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188324|Philip Lotiolo Ruto Rotino]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188325|Priscilla Nyokabi Kanyua]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | [[Faili:Hon. Priscillah Nyokabi light.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111188326|Protus Ewesit Akujah]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Loima, Kaunti ya Turkana | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188327|Rachel Ameso Amolo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188328|Raphael Milikau Otaalo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188329|Rashid Juma Bedzimba]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa Jimbo la Kisauni | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188330|Regina Nthambi Muia]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188331|Regina Nyeris Changorok]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188332|Roba Duba Bonaya]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188333|Rose Nyamunga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188334|Rose Rwamba Mitaru]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188335|Salim Idd Mustafa]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188336|Sammy Cheruiyot Koech]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188337|Samuel Gonzi Rai]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kinango, kaunti ya Kwale | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188338|Samuel Kamunye Gichigi]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188339|Samuel Kiprono Chepkonga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188340|Samuel Mathenge Ndiritu]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188342|Shadrack Roger Mwita Manga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188343|Shakila Abdalla]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188344|Silvance Osele Onyango]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188345|Stephen Kengere Manoti]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188346|Stephen Kinyanjui Mburu Kk]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188347|Stephen Kirwa Bitok]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188348|Stephen Wachira Karani]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Jimbo la Laikipia Magharibi | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188349|Steven Kariuki]]'' | | | 2013-10-17 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188350|Suleiman Murunga Kasuti]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188351|Susan Kipketer Chebet]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188352|Timothy Moseti Bosire]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188353|Tirus Nyingi Ngahu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188354|Tiyah Galgalo Ali]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188355|Winnie Karimi Njuguna]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188356|Zainab Kalekye Chidzuga]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111188703|Muriuki Karue]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111189201|Adolf Muchiri]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111189204|William Omondi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111189739|David Njuguna Kiburi Mwaura]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111189740|Francis Bayah]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111189741|Walter Enock Nyambati Osebe]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190235|Paul Mugeke]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190240|Reuben Ndolo]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190306|Mwangi K.Waithaka]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190328|Thirikwa Kamau]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190337|Geoffrey Gachara Muchiri]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190367|Eliud Matu Wamae]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190376|David Muhika Mutahi]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190382|Wanyiri Kihoro]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190383|Peter Gichohi Mureithi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190387|Paul Gikonyo Muya]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190389|John Matere Keriri]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190391|Alfred Mwangi Nderitu]]'' | | | 1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190393|Joshua Ngugi Toro]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190398|Onesmus Kihara Mwangi]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190415|Ignatius Ngenye Kariuki]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190417|F. Njakwe Maina]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190422|David Wakairu Murathe]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190423|Moses Mwihia]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190425|Stephen Rugendo Ndicho]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190428|Njehu Gatabaki]]'' | | | 1994 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190431|John Njuguna Wanjiku]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya -Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Kiambaa, Kaunti ya Kiambu | [[Kenya]] | 2021 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190437|George Nyanja]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190438|Simon Kanyingi Kuria]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190441|Philip Gitonga]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190442|James Viscount Kimathi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190450|Jembe Mwakalu]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190451|Joe Matano Khamisi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190455|Noah Katana Ngala]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1988 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190457|Joseph Kahindi Kingi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190458|Morris Mwachondo Dzoro]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190459|Simeon M. Mkalla]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190464|Suleiman Mwarunga Kamolleh]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190467|Abdalla Jumaa Ngozi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190468|Mohamed Salim Hashim]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190475|David Noti Kombe]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190478|Abubakar Mohamed Badawy]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190481|Lucas B. Mweni Maitha]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190490|Emmanuel Karisa Maitha]]'' | | | 1997 | 2005 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190491|Ananiah Mwasambu Mwaboza]]'' | | | 2005 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190494|Rashid Suleiman Shakombo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190513|Suleiman Masoud]]'' | | | 2013 | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190515|Shariff Nassir]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1988 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190525|Basil Criticos]]'' | | | 1992 | 2001 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190527|Jackson Mwalulu]]'' | | | 2001 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190538|Basil Nguku Mwakiringo]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190540|Boniface Mganga]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190556|J. D. Mghanga Mwandawiro]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190564|Mohamed Abdi Galgallo]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190643|Tola Mugava Kofa]]'' | | | 1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190655|Molu Galgalo Shambaro]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190658|Augustine Njeru Kathangu]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190659|Charfano Guyo Mokku]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190665|Abdillahi Haji Wako]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190668|Samuel Kalii Kiminza]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190669|Patrice Mwangu Ivuti]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190674|Jimmy Muthusi Kitonga]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190676|Joseph Kimeu Ngutu]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190677|Moffat Muia Maitha]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190678|Peter Kyalo Kaindi]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190681|Jonesmus Mwanza Kikuyu]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190682|Fredrick Mwanzia Daudi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190683|Ronald John Kiluta]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190687|John Mutua Katuku]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190689|Francis P. Wambua]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190690|James Philip Mutiso]]'' | | | 2002 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190699|Onesmus Mutinda Mboko]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190700|Richard Kalembe Ndile]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190703|Anthony Wambua Ndilinge]]'' | | | 1992 | 2001 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190705|John Mutinda Mutiso]]'' | | | 2001 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190712|Peter E. N. Maundu]]'' | | | 1998 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190720|Fredrick Mulinge Kalulu]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190722|Joseph Konzollo Munyao]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190724|Robert Iltaramatwa Kochalle]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190725|Titus Ngoyoni]]'' | | | 2002 | 2006 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190730|Abdi Tari Sasura]]'' | | | 1997 | 2006 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190742|Kirugi Laiboni M’Mukindia]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190747|Jackson Itirithia Kalweo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190748|Raphael Muriungi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190751|Benjamim R. Ndubai]]'' | | | 1997 | 2000 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190762|Stephen Mukangu]]'' | | | 2000 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190764|Bernard Njoka Mutani]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190765|Eustace Mbuba M. Nthiga]]'' | | | 2000 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190766|Petkay Shen M’Nkiria]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190768|Guracha Boru Galgallo]]'' | | | 1997 | 2006 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190769|Malla Wario Galgallo]]'' | | | 2006 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111190771|Murango Cicilio Mwenda]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191126|George Odeny Ngure]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191145|Stephen Nyamoibi Manoti]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191151|Zephaniah M. Nyang’wara]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191154|Enoch Nyakieya Magara]]'' | | | 1997 | 2001 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191157|Shem O. Ochuodho]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191160|Philip Okoth Okundi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191206|Hezron Manduku]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191212|Winston Ochoro Ayoki]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191218|Job Omino]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191222|Kennedy Odhiambo Nyagudi]]'' | | | 2003 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191231|Shadrack R. M. Manga]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191272|George Owino Achola]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191274|Charles Oyugi Owino]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191276|Tom Onyango]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191280|Tobias Orao Ochola Ogur]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191286|Herman O. Omamba]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191304|Samson Mwancha Nyangau Okioma]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191305|Joseph Kiangoi Ombasa]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191306|Godfrey Okeri Masanya]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191308|Henry Onyancha Obwocha]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191313|Paul Orwa Otita]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191314|Eric Opon Nyamunga]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191320|William Otula]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191322|Peter Owidi]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191330|Samuel Arthur Weya]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191331|Joe Donde]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191336|Stephen Oluoch Ondiek]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191339|Felix Useru Kanyauchi]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191342|Zaddock Madiri Syongoh]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191354|Mohamed Mukhtar Shidiye]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191356|Abdillahi Sheikh Dahir]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191360|Elias Barre Shill]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191362|Mohamed Dahir Werah]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191363|Ahmed Mohamed Khalif]]'' | | | 1992<br/>2002 | 1997<br/>2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191372|Abdillahi Ibrahim Ali]]'' | | | 1997 | 2008 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191375|Mohammed Gabow]]'' | | | 2008 | 2013 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191384|Mohamed Abdi Mohamud]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191391|Adan Kerrow Billow]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191402|Seyid Mohamed Amin]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191414|Joseph Dalldosso Lotodo]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191418|Andrew C. Kiptoon]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191421|William Kiplumbei Boit]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191426|Anthony Kipkosge Kimeto]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191435|John Kipsang arap Koech]]'' | | | 2002<br/>1992 | 2007<br/>1997 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191445|Nicholas Kiptoo Korir Salat]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191453|Kipkorir Marisin Sang]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191465|Raphael K. A. Kitur]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191499|Geoffrey Mepukori Parpai]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191505|David Lenante Sankori]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191520|Kipng’eno arap Ngeny]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191524|Noah Nondin Too]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191526|Charles D. K. arap Kirui]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191540|William Cheruiyot Morogo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191542|Joseph Kipkapto Korir]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191547|F. Chege Mbitiru]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191549|John Kiptoo Marirmoi]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191554|David Kiprono Sudi]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191558|James Cheruiyot arap Koske]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191568|Dixon Kihika Kimani]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191569|Macharia Mukiri]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191571|Paul Samuel Kihara]]'' | | | 1997 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191577|Eric Toroitich Morogo]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | [[Alicen Chelaite]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191580|Joseph Mukera Kuria]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191584|Simeon Kiptum Choge]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191585|Jimmy Choge]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191586|Joseph T. A. Leting]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191587|Stephen Kipkiyeny Tarus]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191590|John Kipkorir Sambu]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191595|Stephen Kanyinke Ntutu]]'' | | | 1997 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191597|Sammy Prisa Leshore]]'' | | | 1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191601|Peter Steve Lengees]]'' | | | 1992 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191638|Davies Wafula Nakitare]]'' | | | 2003 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191644|Francis Ewoton Achuka]]'' | | | 1992 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191647|Francis Tarar Lagat]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191648|Joseph Lagat Kipchumba]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191657|Jesse Kibet Maizs]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191658|David Kiptanui Koros]]'' | | | 2002 | 2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111191660|Christopher M. Lomada]]'' | | | 1997 | 2002 | |- | [[Irene Mrembo Njoki]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-mbunge wa eneo bunge la Bahati | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q114347943|Feisal Bader]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2021-04 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q115049438|Antony Njororge Wainaina]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya | [[Kenya]] | 2022-09-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q115053859|Mary Maingi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mwea, kaunti ya Kirinyaga | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q115127697|Amina Laura Mnyazi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya-Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Malindi, Kaunti ya Kilifi | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q115135963|Joseph Makilap Kipkoros]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa Baringo Kaskazini | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08-09 | | [[Faili:Joseph Makilap.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q115624315|Bidu Tubi Mohammed]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Isiolo Kusini, Kaunti ya Isiolo | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q115690883|Stephen Mogaka]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Mugirango Magharibi | [[Kenya]] | 2022-09-08 | | [[Faili:Stephen Mogaka.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q115925753|Suzanne Ndunge Kiamba]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Makueni, Kaunti ya Makueni | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | [[Phylis Jepkemoi|Phylis Jepkemoi Bartoo]] | Mwanasiasa wa Kenya- Mbunge wa eneo bunge la Moiben, Kaunti ya Uasin Gishu | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117031877|Ruweida Obo]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2022-08 | |- | [[Mishi Mboko]] | | [[Kenya]] | 2013<br/>2017-08-31<br/>2022-08 | 2017-08<br/>2022-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q123505014|Ruth Odinga]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q135527680|Dorice Donya Aburi]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | [[Faili:Dorice Donya Aburi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q137858963|Leo wa Muthende]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139801656|Joyce Kamene]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140924219|Mumina Gollo Bonaya]]'' | | [[Kenya]] | 2022-08 | | [[Faili:Mumina Bonaya.jpg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} scvi4urzicccwevnoxzqj7f46kpr8pc 2 102199 1615523 1613282 2026-11-08T03:29:20Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615523 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the Senate who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q19822359 } |section= |sort=P39/Q19822359/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q19822359/P580:Start date,P39/Q19822359/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q4884085|Bello Jibrin Gada]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4884086|Bello Mohammed Tukur]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06 | 2015-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4885148|Ben-Collins Ndu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2001-03 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4887251|Benedict Ayade]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Ben-ayade-1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4914035|Bindo Jibrilla]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4933535|Bob Nwannunu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4936432|Bode Olajumoke]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4940288|Boluwaji Kunlere]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4968131|Brimmo Yusuf]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4986810|Bukar Abba Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4986999|Bukola Saraki]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-04 | [[Faili:Bukola Saraki, October 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5019332|Caleb Zagi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5112997|Omoworare Babajide]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5132325|Clever Ikisikpo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5208840|Dahiru Awaisu Kuta]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2014-06-11<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5208841|Dahiru Bako Gassol]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5210857|Dalhatu Tafida]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003-05-29<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Dalhatu Tafida.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5210858|Dalhatu Umaru Sangari]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5214947|Danboyi Usman]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05 | 2007-05 | [[Faili:Sen- Saleh Usman Danboyi 2014-03-08 22-17.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5218701|Daniel Saror]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5219980|Danladi Abdullahi Sankara]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2011-06 | 2015-06 | [[Faili:D Sankara.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5231744|David Brigidi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5242118|Davou Zang]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5258823|Dennis Osadebay]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5290341|Domingo Alaba Obende]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2015-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5294316|Donald Etiebet]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5347498|Effiong Dickson Bob]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5348580|Ehigie Edobor Uzamere]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | [[Eme Ufot Ekaette]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5373159|Emmanuel Bwacha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5373202|Emmanuel Dangana Ocheja]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | [[Faili:APC Rally.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5373222|Emmanuel Essien]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5373308|Emmanuel Nnamdi Uba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5373326|Emmanuel Paulker]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5381464|Enyinnaya Harcourt Abaribe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5415377|Evan Enwerem]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5442241|Felix Ibru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5442251|Felix Kolawole Bajomo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5442802|Femi Okurounmu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5445889|Festus Olabode Ola]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-30 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5446766|Fidelis Okoro]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2003-06-03 | 2007-05-29<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | [[Florence Ita Giwa]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-06 | [[Faili:Florence ita-giwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5515869|Gabriel Suswam]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5521330|Ganiyu Solomon]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Ganiyu Solomon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5521971|Garba Yakubu Lado]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2011-06 | 2011-06-06<br/>2015-05-29 | |- | [[Gbemisola Saraki|Gbemisola Ruqayyah Saraki]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5529328|Gbenga Bareehu Ashafa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:GBAprofile.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5529329|Gbenga Aluko]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5529332|Gbenga Ogunniya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03<br/>1999-05-29 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5545186|George Thompson Sekibo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2023-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5576947|Godswill Obot Akpabio]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2023-02-25 | 2019-06 | [[Faili:Godswill Obot Akpabio (2012).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5581828|Goni Modu Bura]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5591175|Grace Folashade Bent]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5607086|Gregory Ngaji]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5623995|Gyang Dalyop Datong]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2011-06-06 | 2011-06-06<br/>2012-07-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5675846|Haruna Aziz Zeego]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5679766|Hassan Muhammed Gusau]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-05-29<br/>2007-05-29 | 2022-02-23<br/>2011-05 | |- | [[Helen Esuene]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>1979 | 2015-06-04<br/>1983 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5720323|Seriake Dickson]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5899569|Hope Uzodimma]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5953576|Hyde Onuaguluchi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5984059|Ibikunle Oyelaja Amosun]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-05-29<br/>2003-06 | 2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Amosun-1-270x350 c.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5984545|Ibrahim Gaidam]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-05<br/>2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Ibrahim Geidam.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5984636|Ibrahim Kura Mohammed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5984638|Ibrahim Kuta]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003-05-29<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5984642|Ibrahim Lame]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1992 | 1993 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5984649|Ibrahim M. Ida]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06<br/>2011-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5984682|Ibrahim Muhammed Kirikasama]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | [[Faili:Ibrahim Mohammed Kirikasama.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Ibrahim Musa]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5989581|Idris Abubakar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5991127|Ifeanyi Ararume]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999-05 | 2007-06-05<br/>2007 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6075725|Isa Mohammed]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa naigeria | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6075829|Isaac Alfa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Senisaacalfa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6078472|Isaiah Balat]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6080812|Isiaka Adetunji Adeleke]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06<br/>2015-05 | 2011-05<br/>2017-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6138857|James Manager]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6197222|Jim Ifeanyichukwu Nwobodo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6201682|Jimoh Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6213354|Joel Danlami Ikenya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6219847|John Azuta-Mbata]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-04<br/>1999-05-02 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6241500|John James Akpan Udo-Edehe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6250148|John Nanzip Shagaya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6251174|John Okechukwuemeka]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6271867|Jonah David Jang]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6274897|Jonathan Zwingina]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6280933|Joseph Akaagerger]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6287738|Joseph Waku]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6287826|Joseph Wayas]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1979 | 1983 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6289751|Joshua Dariye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6290036|Joshua M. Lidani]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06 | |- | [[Joy Emodi]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2005-02-20 | 2010-03-25 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6301957|Jibril Aminu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05-29 | 2011-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6310120|Julius Ucha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6344204|Kabir Garba Marafa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-09 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-04 | [[Faili:Kabir Garba Marafa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6344250|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya Nigerian politician.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6349100|Kaka Mallam Yale]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6359013|Kamorudeen Adekunle Adedibu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6374297|Kashim Shettima]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-05-29 | [[Faili:Kashim Shettima office portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6380074|Kawu Peto Dukku]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6388239|Ken Nnamani]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140623|Dalha Ahmed Danzomo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | [[Daisy Danjuma]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140636|Emmanuel Anosike]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140637|Emmanuel Okpede]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140638|Emmanuel A. Azu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140645|Faruk Bello]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140651|Fred Aghogho Brume]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140663|Gyang Datong]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140665|Haruna Garba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140666|Haruna Abubakar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140667|Heineken Lokpobiri]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Heineken Lokpobiri at WEF Special Meeting on Global Collaboration, Growth and Energy for Development, 2024.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140669|Hosea Ehinlanwo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140670|Hosea Ayoola Agbola]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140679|Ibrahim Mantu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140681|Ibiapuye Martyns-Yellowe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05-29<br/>1999-05-29 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140686|Ikechukwu Abana]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140687|Ike Ekweremadu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06 | [[Faili:Huriwa2gk-is-565.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140688|Ikechukwu Obiorah]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140695|Isah Maina]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140697|Isa Mohammed (ọmọ Ilé Alàgbà)]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140698|Isa Muhammed Galaudu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140701|Itak Bob Ekarika]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | [[Iyabo Obasanjo|Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello]] | Ni mwanasiasa wa Nigeria, msomi, mtaalamu wa magonjwa ya mlipuko, na seneta wa zamani | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-04-28 | 2011-05 | [[Faili:Iyabo Obasanjo.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140705|Iyiola Omisore]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Iyiola-Omisore.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140708|James Kolawole]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140712|John Brambaifa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140714|John Danboyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140721|Jubril Martins-Kuye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Jubril M-K.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140744|Mohammed Abba Aji]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140747|Mohammed A. Muhammed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140749|Mohammed Ohiare]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140754|Matthew Ifeanyi Nwagwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140760|Nimi Barigha-Amange]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140761|Nnamdi Eriobuna]]'' | | | 1999 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140776|Olufemi Lanlehin]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2015-06 | [[Faili:Senator Olufemi Lanlehin.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140814|Patrick Aga]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140815|Paulinus Igwe Nwagu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140820|Peter Olawuyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140828|Ramoni Olalekan Mustapha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2007-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140831|Robert Koleoso]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140832|Rochas Okorocha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2023-06 | [[Faili:Governor Rochas Okorocha (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140833|Rufaisanbi Hanga]]'' | | | 2003-05 | 2007-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140845|Silas Janfa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140852|Sola Akinyede]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140854|Sule Yari Gandi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05-29 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140855|Suleiman Ajadi]]'' | | | 1999<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140867|Timothy Adudu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140868|Tokunbo Afikuyomi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140874|Tupele-Ebi Diffa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140875|Ugochukwu Uba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140876|Ugbane Yahaya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140877|Umar Ibrahim Tsauri]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140881|Usman Sanni Sami]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140882|Usman Kibiya Umar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-05 | [[Faili:Sen Usman Kibiya Umar.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140884|Usman Adamu]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140890|Wahab Dosunmu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-06-03 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140908|Zik Sunday Ambuno]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05 | 2007-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13651011|Mudasiru Oyetunde Hussein]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13651307|Musiliu Obanikoro]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q14479598|Wahab Dosumu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q15437956|Iyorchia Ayu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1992-12-05 | 1993-11-17 | [[Faili:Iyorchia Ayu 2023.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16105634|Idi Othman Guda]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16149860|Adedayo Clement Adeyeye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2019-11-14 | [[Faili:IMG PRINCE ADEYEYE.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16150077|Kanu Godwin Agabi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | |- | [[Monsurat Sunmonu]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | | [[Faili:Monsurat-sunmonu-pic.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16886055|Baba Tela]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q17541203|Ameh Ebute]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1992-12-05 | 1993-11-17 | |- | ''[[:d:Q18719291|Ipalibo Banigo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19560093|Binta Garba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19668719|ochesmith music world]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2019-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19668818|Abubakar Sani Bello]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Lolo Hot Springs, Lolo, MT, 2011 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19895375|Osinakachukwu Ideozu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19938118|Solomon Olamilekan Adeola]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06<br/>2023 | | [[Faili:Solomo Adeola.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20155621|Ben Murray-Bruce]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-05-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604089|Adamu Bala]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604108|Ahmed Zuruq]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604138|Amah Iwuagwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604280|Chris Adighije]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604335|Gilbert E. Nnaji]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06<br/>2015-06 | 2015-06-04<br/>2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604383|Iyabo Anisulowo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604409|Joshua Adagba]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604439|Kola Ogunwale]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604483|Nurudeen Abatemi Usman]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604531|Olubunmi Ayodeji Adetunmbi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604611|Sani Kamba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>2003-05 | 2007-06-05<br/>2007-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604624|Spiff Inatim Rufus]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604644|Tokunbo Ogunbanjo]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20604659|Titus Olupitan]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20684806|Michael Opeyemi Bamidele]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20774324|Olaka Nwogu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20982202|Mao Arukwe Ohuabunwa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20982222|David Nweze Umahi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Dave Umahi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21063207|Dino Melaiye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2019-06 | 2019-06<br/>2019-08-23 | [[Faili:Dino Melaye at AMVCA 2020 02.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21175232|Shehu Sani]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q21598122|Haliru Dantoro]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1992 | 1992 | |- | ''[[:d:Q21997883|Gyang Pwajok]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2012-10 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q22704987|Fatimat Olufunke Raji-Rasaki]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Sen Adefemi Kila & Sen Raji Rasaki.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22806954|Rose Okoji Oko]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | 2020-03 | |- | ''[[:d:Q22807281|Uche Ekwunife]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Senator Uche Ekwunife.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23636295|Yusuf Abubakar Yusuf]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q82535|Ibrahim Shekarau]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:HMA Bob Dewar with Governor Ibrahim Shekarau of Kano State (3541397335).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q339008|Ahmed Makarfi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2011-11-14 | 2011-06-06<br/>2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q378378|Victor Ndoma-Egba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q379530|Jeremiah Useni]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q459205|David Mark]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-06-03 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Abdul Ningi and David Mark.jpeg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q548710|Jaja Wachuku]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q738816|Orji Uzor Kalu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | [[Chris Anyanwu]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Chris Anyawu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2526739|Vincent Usulor]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q2967578|Chuba Okadigbo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | [[Faili:Chuba-okadigbo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3381247|Ike Omar Sanda Nwachukwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3509330|Ibrahim Saminu Turaki]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3509922|Rabiu Kwankwaso]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-05 | 2019-05 | [[Faili:Kwankwaso and Rochas at PGLS 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3509941|Mohammed Ali Ndume]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06<br/>2015-06-04 | [[Faili:Muhammad8.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3510270|Uche Chukwumerije]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Uche Chukwumerije.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3510706|Mohammed Danjuma Goje]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06<br/>2011-05<br/>2023-06-13 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06-09<br/>2015-05 | [[Faili:Muhammad Damjuma Goje.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3510712|Adamu Aliero]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2015-06<br/>2023-06-13 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3510720|Ahmad Sani Yerima]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3510727|Ali Modu Sheriff]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | [[Faili:Ali Modu Sherrff crop 2007.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Nenadi Usman|Nenadi Esther Usman]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3510794|Chris Nwabueze Ngige]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3510803|George Akume]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2019-05-29<br/>2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3510864|Sam Egwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-05-29 | | [[Faili:Sam Egwu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3510881|Chimaroke Nnamani]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2019-06-11 | 2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Senator Chimaroke Nnamani 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3510938|Theodore Ahamefule Orji]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2019-06 | | [[Faili:Theodore orji A.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3511417|Iya Abubakar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05<br/>1999 | 2007-05 | [[Faili:Prof Iya Abubakar portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3511513|Robert Ajayi Boroffice]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Robert Boroffice.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4664673|Abdallah Wali]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665219|Abdul'aziz Abubakar Yari]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665254|Abdul Ahmed Ningi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-02-25 | | [[Faili:Abdul Ningi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4665765|Abdul Yandoma]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665773|Abdulahi Bala Adamu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665788|Abdulazeez Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2007-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665816|Abdulaziz Usman]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4666120|Abdullahi Adamu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2019-06-11 | 2019-06-09<br/>2022-04 | [[Faili:Abdullahi Adamu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4666129|Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4666168|Abdulmumini M. Hassan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4667894|Abiola Ajimobi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | [[Faili:L-R Senator Abiola Ajimobi, Dr.Kayode Fayemi, Senator Oserheimen Osunbor, Ahmed Gulak, Senator Ocheja, Chief Clement Ebri, Ademola Rasaq Seriki, being sworn in as APC committee chairmen.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4670223|Abu Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2003-06-03 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-04<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670486|Abubakar Girei]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670492|Abubakar Mahdi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670495|Abubakar Mohammed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670498|Abubakar Olusola Saraki]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670503|Abubakar Sodangi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670506|Abubakar Tanko Ayuba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-04 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670507|Abubakar Umar Gada]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670509|Abubakar Umar Tutare]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4680074|Adebayo Salami]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4680542|Adamu Garba Talba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4680543|Adamu Gumba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4680546|Adamu Sidi Ali]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4680928|Adawari Pepple]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4681508|Adefemi Kila]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Senator adefemi kila.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4681514|Adego Erhiawarie Eferakeya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06 | 2011-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4681916|Adeleke Mamora]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>2007-06-05 | 2007-06-05<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4682371|Adeseye Ogunlewe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-04 | 2003-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4684485|Adolphus Wabara]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Sen. Adolphus Wabara.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4689299|Afolabi Olabimtan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4695272|Ahmad Babba Kaita]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2023-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4695844|Ahmed Hassan Barata]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4695864|Ahmed Lawan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-06<br/>2011-06-05<br/>2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Ahmed Ibrahim Lawan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4695931|Ahmed Mohammed Inuwa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Mohammed Ahmed Sadek 1927.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4695944|Ahmed Muhammad Maccido]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4696007|Ahmed Sani Stores]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2015-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4696044|Ahmed Tijani Ahmed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4696069|Ahmed Zanna]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | [[Aisha Alhassan|Aisha Jummai]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | [[Faili:Runcie C.W. Chidebe, Executive Director, Project PINK BLUE with Sen. Aisha J. Alhassan, Minister of Women Affairs & Social Dev.; Dr. Ramatu Hassan, Rep. Minister of Health, Chidinma Ekile, Toke Makinwa, Annie Idibia at World Cancer Day.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4701045|Akin Babalola Kamar Odunsi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2015-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4701060|Akinlabi Olasunkanmi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4701094|Patrick Ayo Akinyelure]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4701580|Akpor Pius Ewherido]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | [[Aliyu Abubakar]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-20 | 2003-05-20 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4727555|Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4727635|Alkali Abdulkadir Jajere]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4734691|Aloysius Akpan Etok]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4735427|Alphonsus Obi Igbeke]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2010-05-25 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4746479|Aminu Waziri Tambuwal]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Aminu Waziri Tambuwal (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4746481|Aminu Sule Garo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4756255|Andrew Babalola]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4769401|Annie Okonkwo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Prince Don Okonkwo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4771979|Anthony Agbo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4772581|Anthony George Manzo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4778249|Anyimchukwu Ude]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4778251|Anyim Pius Anyim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | [[Faili:Anyim P Anyim (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4799853|Arthur Nzeribe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999-05 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4799876|Ifeanyi Okowa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-05-29 | [[Faili:Ifenanyi Okowa.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4820221|Audu Idris Umar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4831545|Ayo Oni]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4831550|Ayoade Ademola Adeseun]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4831565|Ayogu Eze]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4837432|Babafemi Ojudu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2015-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4837564|Babayo Garba Gamawa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4840567|Badamasi Maccido]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-05-29 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4849691|Bala Mohammed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-04-08 | 2010-04-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4861327|Barnabas Andyar Gemade]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06 | [[Faili:Gemade.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4866793|Basheer Garba Mohammed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4868127|Bassey Ewa-Henshaw]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4868129|Bassey Otu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | [[Faili:Sen otu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4884084|Bello Hayatu Gwarzo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2008-12-08<br/>2011-06 | 2007-05-29<br/>2015-05-29<br/>2015-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q96973629|Abubakar Sani Danladi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-05 | 2017-06-23 | |- | ''[[:d:Q97158668|Sunday Marshall Katung]]'' | | | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Katung at SK Fest 2024 offstage.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q101438711|Haruna Manu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106572540|Nora Daduut]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2020<br/>2020-12 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q106782564|Saliu Mustapha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Saliu Mustapha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107491747|Omotayo Alasoadura]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q108063138|Kabir Barkiya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2023-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q110977332|Chukwuma Frank Ibezim]]'' | | | 2021-04 | | [[Faili:Chukwuma Frank Ibezim.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111086547|Moses Cleopas]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087716|Mustapha Bukar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | 2018-04-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087840|Muhammad Shitu]]'' | | | 2015-06-09 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087846|Joseph Dada]]'' | | | 2015-06 | 2019-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087847|Donald Omotayo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087850|Baba Garba]]'' | | | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087852|Yele Omogunwa]]'' | | | 2015-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111087856|Rilwan Akambi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-05 | 2019-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111141491|Chris Emeka Azubogu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111141676|Simon Mwadkwon]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111148458|Mike Ajegbo]]'' | | | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111152093|Lekan Balogun]]'' | | | 1999 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111153363|Muhammed Hassan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111164990|Danladi Bamaiyi]]'' | | | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111164999|Salman Is'haq]]'' | | | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111328753|Stephen Adi Odey]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | 2021-07-30 | |- | ''[[:d:Q113541090|Abubakar Sadiku Ohere]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q114130099|Olubiyi Fadeyi]]'' | | | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116963143|Ireti Kingibe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Ireti Kingibe 2023.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q117012486|Abbas Aminu Iya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]]<br/>[[Adamawa (jimbo)|Adamawa]] | 2023-02-25 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117012757|Aniekan Bassey]]'' | | | 2023-02-25 | | [[Faili:Aniekan bassey.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q117013147|Akpan Ekong Sampson]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-02-25 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117021365|Victor Umeh]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-02-25 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117021455|Umar Shehu Buba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-02-25 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117289474|Joel-Onowakpo Thomas]]'' | | | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117808443|Napoleon Bali]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-12 | 2023-09-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q117811710|Kelvin Chukwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117844531|Garba Maidoki]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q117844607|Nasir Zangon-Daura]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:NSZD Portrait.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q118158688|Benson Sunday Agadaga]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q118830663|Onyesoh Alwell]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q119768366|Eteng Jonah Williams]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120001918|Osita Ngwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120720782|Bernards Neda Imasuen]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120721069|Monday Okpebholo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06 | | [[Faili:Monday Okpebholo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q120721332|Anthony Siyako Yaro]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120722364|Shehu Kaka Lawan]]'' | | | 2023-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120722678|Abiodun Sharafadeen Alli]]'' | | | 2023-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120722779|Ahmed Mallam- Madori Abdulhamid]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q120736736|Olusegun Cyril Oluwole Fasuyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q121009467|Onyekachi Nwaebonyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q124791290|Amos Yohanna]]'' | | | 2023-10-16 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q23765700|Bassey Albert]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06 | 2023-05<br/>2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q23933538|Patrick Ifeanyi Ubah]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2023-02-25 | 2024-07-27 | [[Faili:FC IFEANYI UBAH visit to WestHam United fc....... 7.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24574659|John Owan Enoh]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:John Enoh.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24975774|Hamisu Musa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q25753711|Abubakar Kyari]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q26251124|Tokunbo Abiru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q27517405|Lere Oyewumi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q27662340|Onyewuchi Francis Ezenwa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13<br/>2019-06-11<br/>2022-06 | 2022-06<br/>2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27919789|Oluranti Adebule]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:The Vice President, Shri M. Hamid Ansari and Smt. Salma Ansari being received by the Deputy Governor of Lagos, Dr. (Mrs.) Oluranti Adebule, on their arrival, at Murtala Muhammed International Airport, in Lagos, Nigeria.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28420151|Buruji Kashamu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Buruji Kashamu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28530040|Lanre Tejuosho]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Lanre tejuosho.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28600192|Francis Alimikhena]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-06 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Francis Alimikhena.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29363716|Nelson Effiong]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2003-06-03 | 2019-06-09<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29452297|Tony Nwoye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-02-25 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30673985|Ned Naoko]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Ned Nwoko.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Ademola Adeleke]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2017 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q33113565|Christopher Stephen Ekpenyong]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | [[Faili:Chris Ekpenyong.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q35536657|Betty Apiafi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | [[Faili:Betty Apiafi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q35536955|Gumau Yahaya lawal]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2018-03<br/>2019-06-11 | 2023-06<br/>2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Senator Lawal Yahaya Gumau.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q35537790|Aishatu Dukku]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q35538185|Agom Jarigbe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2021-09-15<br/>2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Jarigbe Agom.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q35539317|Darlington Nwokocha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-11 | 2023-11-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q35539352|Jika Haliru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q35539386|Douye Diri]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2020-02-11 | [[Faili:Diri walking to the stage at SK Fest 2024 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q35539437|Abubakar Lado]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q35539499|Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q35540252|Istifanus Gyang]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q41693557|Jibrin I Barau]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Barau I Jibrin cropped portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41805511|Andrew Uchendu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q42563987|Barry Mpigi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q47456115|Abdullahi Abubakar Gumel]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q48816941|Franca Afegbua]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Franca Afegbua.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50345435|Suleiman Othman Hunkuyi]]'' | | | 2015-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50526702|Abiodun Olujimi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q52274670|Clifford Ordia]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06 | | [[Faili:Ordia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q53844501|David Umaru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2014-06 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q53844504|Sabi Abdulahi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q55080914|Ovie Omo-Agege]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55808166|Raji Ayoola Adeleke]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q56222206|Samuel Anyanwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q59828951|Friday K. Benson]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q61594827|Ajibola Bashiru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q61731589|Abdul-Aziz Nyako]]'' | | | 2015-06-06 | 2019-06-11 | [[Faili:Abdul-Aziz-Murtala-Nyako.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61743048|Ahmad Abubakar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q61756840|Bala Ibn Naallah]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q61761286|Isah Misau]]'' | | | 2015-06-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q61942446|Adebayo Rafiu Ibrahim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q61992005|Malam Wakili]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06 | 2018-03-17 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62036544|Tolu Odebiyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62050387|Ibrahim Yahaya Oloriegbe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2022 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62072676|Adebayo Osinowo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-06 | 2020-06-15 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62140847|Oyelola Yisa Ashiru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | [[Faili:Lola Ashiru.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62594993|Foster Ogola]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62604069|Uba Sani]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Mal Uba Sani.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62604235|Abdulfatai Buhari]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62604245|Gershom Bassey]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62733959|Peter Nwaoboshi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2019 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06-09<br/>2023 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62894523|Joseph Ogbau]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09 | 2023-06<br/>2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q63016244|Bello Mandiya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023 | |- | ''[[:d:Q63016717|Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2023-06 | [[Faili:Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63029332|Suleiman Abdu Kwari]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q63050503|Tijjani Yahaya Kaura]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q63117844|Matthew Urhoghide]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-09 | 2023-06-11<br/>2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q63142317|Utazi Chukwuka]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q63190460|Duro Faseyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q63190467|Benjamin Uwajumogu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2019-06 | 2019-06<br/>2019-12-18 | |- | ''[[:d:Q63819587|Sandy Ojang Onor]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q64010361|Kurfi Umaru]]'' | | | 2015-06 | 2019-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q64744009|Ibrahim Mohammed Bomai]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Ibrahim-Bomai.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64852980|Akon Eyakenyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Akon Eyakenyi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64976705|Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Nigeria | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Aishatu Binani.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q65030774|Mohammed Kola Balogun]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2023-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q65038583|Yaroe Binos Dauda]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2023-02-25<br/>2023-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q65048215|Ishaku Elisha Abbo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-10-16 | [[Faili:Senator Ishaku Abbo 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q66005216|Yakubu Oseni]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q66291380|Danjuma Laah]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09 | 2023-06<br/>2019-06 | [[Faili:Danjuma Laah at Afan 2024.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q67080058|Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | [[Shuaibu Isa Lau]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2017-07-05 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q83688127|Dimka Ayuba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06 | 2023-06 | [[Faili:Hezekiah Dimka.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q83688256|Ignatius Datong Longjan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2020-02-10 | |- | ''[[:d:Q83689174|Lawali Hassan Anka]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2020 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q83689398|Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q83689501|Francis Adenigba Fadahunsi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2023-06-13 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q83802158|Suleiman Sadiq Umar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q83947188|Godiya Akwashiki]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2023-06 | 2023-06 | [[Faili:Godiya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q84579883|Nicholas Tofowomo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q84712546|Ibrahim Abdullahi Danbaba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2019<br/>2015-06-09 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q84721887|Jibrin Isah]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2023-06-13 | 2023-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q84724262|Biobarakuma Wangagha Degi Eremienyo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q84991358|Abdullahi Abubakar Yahaya]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06<br/>2019-06<br/>2023-06-13 | 2019-06<br/>2023-06 | [[Faili:Senator Yahaya Abubakar Abdullahi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q85176801|Lawal Hassan Anka]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q85748522|Amos Bulus Kilawangs]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q85785167|Michael Ama Nnachi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q85799574|Sani Mohammed]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q85912730|Mohammed Sabo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Nakudu 2023.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q86452500|Muhammad Bima Enagi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | 2023-06-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q86513299|Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-06 | | [[Faili:Sen. Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi, Chair, Senate Committee on Media & Public Affairs, Abuja.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q86520249|Sani Musa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | [[Faili:Mr Mohammed Sani Musa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q93342274|Margery Chuba-Okadigbo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2012-07 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96359151|Obinna Ogba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6399043|Khairat Abdulrazaq-Gwadabe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6503559|Lawali Shuaibu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003-05-29<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Lawal Shuaibu.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6503822|Lawrence Ayo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6514449|Lee Maeba]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6732156|Magnus Ngei Abe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-06<br/>2011-06-06 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-04 | |- | [[Mahmud Kanti Bello]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6736241|Maina Maaji Lawan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2007-05-29<br/>2011-06-06 | 2003-05-29<br/>2015<br/>2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6737104|Maitama Bello Yusuf]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6745774|Mamman Bello Ali]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | [[Faili:Senator Mamman B- Ali 2014-01-21 00-09.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6774871|Martin Agbaso]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1992<br/>1999 | 1999 | [[Faili:Martin agbaso.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6785804|Mas‚Äôud El-Jibril]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6790933|Matthew Mbu Junior]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6812232|Melford Okilo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6892866|Mohammed Adamu Bello]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-09 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6892960|Mohammed Alkali]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05<br/>2003 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6892988|Mohammed Aruwa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | [[Faili:Mohammed Aruwa.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6893057|Mohammed Daggash]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Daggash at council meeting.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6893162|Mohammed Kabiru Jibril]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893191|Mohammed Magoro]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893199|Mohammed Mana]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893308|Mohammed Saleh]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893329|Mohammed Shaaba Lafiagi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893384|Mohammed Tukur Liman]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6895059|Mojisoluwa Akinfenwa]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6933348|Mujitaba Mohammed Mallam]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6936675|Munirudeen Adekunle Muse]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7026337|Nicholas Ugbane]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | [[Nkechi Nwogu|Nkechi Justina Nwaogu]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-06<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7068794|Nuhu Aliyu Labbo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2011-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7070730|Nwafor Orizu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Nwafor Orizu Akwaeke.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7077836|Odion Ugbesia]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-04<br/>2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7082910|Olabiyi Durojaiye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7088837|Olugbenga Onaolapo Obadara]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05-29 | 2015-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7088857|Oluremi Tinubu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2015-06<br/>2019-06 | 2015-06-04 | [[Faili:Her Excellency Remi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7088869|Olusola Adeyeye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06-09 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7089709|Omar Hambagda]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7090619|Omololu Meroyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7106495|Oserheimen Osunbor]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | [[Faili:Prof. Oserheimen Osunbor.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7106879|Osita Izunaso]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29<br/>2023-06-13 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7108462|Otaru Salihu Ohize]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06<br/>2011 | |- | [[Patricia Akwashiki]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | [[Faili:Patricia Akwashiki.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7147437|Patrick Osakwe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2011-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7185532|Philip Aduda]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | 2019-06-09<br/>2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7360373|Roland Owie]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | [[Faili:Senator Roland Stephen Owie.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7395446|Sa'idu Ahmed Alkali]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2010-08 | 2023-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7399413|Sahabi Alhaji Yaú]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06<br/>2007-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2023-06-13 | 2023-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7399992|Saidu Dansadau]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7399996|Saidu Kumo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7404851|Salisu Matori]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7408942|Sama‚Äôila Mamman]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7426552|Satty Davies Gogwim]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7446085|Sefiu Adegbenga Kaka]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7517631|Simeon Oduoye]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7518155|Simon Ajibola]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2004-06-29 | 2015-06-06<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Simeon Ajibola.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7530281|Sirika Hadi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2012-01-01 | 2015-06-01 | [[Faili:HadiSirika.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7543924|Smart Adeyemi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-12-04<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2023-06<br/>2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7561969|Sonni Ogbuoji]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-06 | 2019-06-09 | [[Faili:Sonni Ogbuoji.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7607111|Oduah Stella]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06-09<br/>2019-06-11 | 2019-06-09<br/>2023-06-11 | [[Faili:Princess Stella Oduah-Ogiemwonyi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Stella Omu]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7635965|Sulaiman Mohammed Nazif]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2007-06 | 2019-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7636116|Suleiman Asonya Adokwe]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06<br/>2011-04<br/>2007-05-29 | 2019-06<br/>2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7639331|Sunday Awoniyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1993<br/>1993-07 | 1993<br/>1993-11 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7639385|Sunday Fajinmi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05 | 2003-05 | [[Faili:Senator Sunday Fajinmi 2014-06-06 15-59.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7660727|Sylvanus Ngele]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7660767|Sylvester Anyanwu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7660769|Sylvester Ayodele Arise]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7689220|Tawar Umbi Wada]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-06-05<br/>2003-05-29 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7705525|Teslim Folarin]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | [[Faili:Picture of Senator Oloye Teslim Kolawole Folarin 2014-03-14 03-26.jpeg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7852884|Tunde Ogbeha]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2003-05<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7877282|Udoma Udo Udoma]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29<br/>2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7881142|Umar Usman Dukku]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7881169|Abubakar Umar Argungu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7881173|Umaru Dahiru]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05<br/>2003-06-03 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7881179|Umaru Tanko Al-Makura]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2019-06-11 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7902039|Usman Albishir]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | [[Faili:Late Senator Usman Albishir.gif|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7902041|Usman Bayero Nafada]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2015-06 | 2019-06 | [[Faili:Usman Bayero Nafada.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7926084|Victor Lar]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-05 | 2015-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7926217|Victor Oyofo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | [[Faili:Senator Victor Oyofo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8022970|Wilson Asinobi Ake]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06<br/>2007-06 | 2015-06-04<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | [[Wuraola Esan|Iyalode Wuraola Adepeju Esan]] | | [[Nigeria]] | 1960 | 1964 | |- | ''[[:d:Q8053833|Yisa Braimoh]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2007-05-29 | 2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q8061881|Yushau Anka]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03<br/>1999 | 2007-06-05<br/>2003 | |- | [[Yusuf Datti Baba-Ahmed]] | | [[Nigeria]] | | | [[Faili:Yusuf Datti Baba-Ahmed 2022.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8061976|Yusuf Musa Nagogo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-04 | |- | ''[[:d:Q8064832|Zainab Abdulkadir Kure]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-05-29 | 2015-06-09<br/>2011-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q10951112|Joseph Olatunji Ajayi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999-05-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q10987178|Ita Enang]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | |- | ''[[:d:Q10998235|Abubakar Atiku Bagudu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06<br/>2007-06-05 | 2015-06-04 | [[Faili:Abubakar Bagudu - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q11058541|Gbenga Daniel]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:Dinner night.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q11282486|Adams Oshiomhole]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2023-06-13 | | [[Faili:AdamsOshiomhole.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140373|Abubakar Maikafi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140563|Alex Kadiri]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140570|Aniette Okon]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140574|Anthony Adeniyi]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140602|Bashir Mustapha]]'' | | | 1999 | 2003 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140609|Bode Olowoporoku]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140618|Christopher Nshi]]'' | | | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140619|Clement Awoyelu]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140620|Christopher Nwankwo]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2011-06-06 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q13140621|Cosmos Niangwan]]'' | | [[Nigeria]] | 2003-06-03 | 2007-06-05 | |} {{Wikidata list end}} kfga75w03etz4q8dkr77fzhh6ld5k52 2 102327 1615525 1613400 2026-11-08T03:57:19Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615525 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the Parliament of Uganda who was a member twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21296005 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21296005/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21296005/P580:Start date,P39/Q21296005/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | [[Winnie Byanyima]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Winnie Byanyima, directrice exécutive d'Oxfam international.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Irene Muloni]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Irene Muloni - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57873|Amama Mbabazi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2003-02-11 | 2016-02-18 | [[Faili:The Minister of Security, Uganda, Mr. Amama Mbabazi meeting with the Minister of State for External Affairs Shri Anand Sharma, in New Delhi on August 28, 2007.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58240|Sam Kutesa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Sam Kutesa - 2018 (32521275868) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q393388|Aggrey Awori]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2001 | 2006 | [[Faili:Aggrey-awori.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q486859|Paul Ssemogerere]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Paul Kawanga Ssemogerere (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Rebecca Kadaga]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kadaga Rebecca 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1173623|Daudi Bahati]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bahati David.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1307960|Ken Lukyamuzi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | 2016 | [[Faili:Ken Lukyamuzi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Eriya Kategaya]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:The Right Honorable Eriya Kategaya (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Francis Ayume]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1707665|Mugenyi Joseph]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1740843|Ruhakana Rugunda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Prime Minister Rugunda.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2605033|Betty Oyella Bigombe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bigombe Betty Atuku.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3105642|Gilbert Bukenya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Dr. Gilbert Balibaseka Bukenya (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3784984|Henry Oryem Okello]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Acting Foreign Minister Okello Oryem (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4280983|Norbert Mao]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Norbert Mao (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4665198|Abdu Katuntu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Abdul-Katuntu1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4684139|Adolf Mwesige]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mwesige Adolf.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4693003|Agnes Akiror]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4696656|Aidah Nantaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nantaba Idah Erios.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4700611|Akena p'Ojok]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4716143|Alengot Oromait]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4717580|Alex Onzima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Aadroa Alex Onzima.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4726787|Alintuma Nsambu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Amelia Kyambadde]] | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Amelia Kyambadde.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4795550|Aronda Nyakairima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Gen. Nyakayirima Aronda (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4810985|Aston Kajara]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kajara Aston Peterson.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4811869|Asuman Kiyingi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mohd. Hamid Ansari with the Minister of State for Regional Cooperation & Acting Foreign Minister of Uganda, Mr. Asuman Kiyingi, on his arrival at Entebbe International Airport, Uganda on July 08, 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4859206|Barbara Oundo Nekesa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Beatrice Atim Anywar]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atim Beatrice Anywar.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4877205|Beatrice Wabudeya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Bobi Wine]] | Mwanasiasa,muigizaji,mwanamuziki na mwanaharakati wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | 2017-07-11 | 2021 | [[Faili:Bobi Wine 2024.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5045178|Caroline Okao Amali]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Amali, Caroline Okao.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5064251|Cerinah Nebanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5075388|Charles Bakkabulindi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bakkabulindi Charles.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5110904|Christine Amongin Aporu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Amongin, Christine Aporu Hellen.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5186066|Crispus Kiyonga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon. Dr. Cryspus Kiyonga, minister of Defence speaking during the AMISOM Retreat in Kampala- Uganda (16220704751).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5227877|Daudi Migereko]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Migereko Daudi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5240436|David Tinyefunza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5240772|David Wakikona]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Wakikona Wandendeya David.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5345394|Edward Ssekandi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Edward Ssekandi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Elly Tumwine]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:General Elly Tumwine.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5373324|Emmanuel Otala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Otiam Emmanuel Otaala.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5377366|Abner Nangwale]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5382289|Ephraim Kamuntu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5385927|Erias Lukwago]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Independence Cup.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5393381|Ernest Kiiza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kiiza, Monday Ernest Apuuli.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5458060|Flavia Nabugere Munaaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5490025|Frank Tumwebaze]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Tumwebaze Frank Kagyigyi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5495976|Fred Mukisa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Fred Mukisa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5496029|Fred Omach]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Fred Ruhindi]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5515776|Gabriel Opio]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5549595|Gerald Ssendaula]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Grace Akello]] | Mshairi wa Uganda, mwandishi wa insha, mwanafolklorist, mwanasiasa | [[Uganda]] | 1996 | 2006 | [[Faili:Grace Akello, Ausschnitt aus dem Foto von Filo gèn'.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5717682|Henry Bagiire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bagiire Aggrey Henry.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5717757|Henry Banyenzaki]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Banyenzaki Henry.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5724197|Henry Kajura]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kajura, Henry Muganwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Hilary Onek]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hilary Onek (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6076821|Isaac Musumba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 1996 | 2011 | [[Faili:Salaamu Musumba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6087896|Israel Kibirige Ssebunya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6096678|Ivan Koreta]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ivan Koreta Atlas Drop 11, Soroti, Uganda, April 2011.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6119076|Jacob Oulanyah]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda. | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | | [[Faili:Jacoub Oulanyah (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6129213|James Baba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:James Boliba Baba (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6140211|James Mutende]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:2013-Uganda's Minister of State for Industry Shinyabulo-Mutende (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6140434|James Nsaba Buturo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Buturo Nsaba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Janat Mkwaya|Janat Mukwaya]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6176542|Jeje Odongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2006 | | [[Faili:Jeje Odongo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6180999|Jeremiah Twa-Twa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Jessica Alupo]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Alupo Jessica Rose Epel.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6187188|Jessica Eriyo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6224194|John Byabagambi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Byabagambi John.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6226097|John Chrysostom Muyingo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Muyingo John Chrysestom.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[John Nasasira]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6287007|James Simpson]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:James-Simpson-1962.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6318370|Justine Lumumba Kasule]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kasule, Justine Lumumba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Kabakumba Masiko]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kabakumba, Masiko Labwoni.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6346972|Kahinda Otafiire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kahinda Otafiire (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Katumba Wamala]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Katumba Wamala.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Kiddu Makubuya]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6414662|Kipoi Tonny Nsubuga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | 2014 | [[Faili:Kipoi Tonny Nsubuga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Lukia Isanga Nakadama]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lukia Nakadama Isanga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6702958|Lulume Bayiga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2007 | 2016 | [[Faili:Bayigga Michael Philip Lulume.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Margaret Zziwa]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Margaret Nantongo Zziwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6761446|Maria Mutagamba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon Dr Maria Emily Lubega Mutagamba, Minister of Tourism, Uganda (26294629095).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Mary Karooro Okurut]] | | [[Uganda]] | 2006 | 2021 | [[Faili:Mary Karooro Okurut (cropped) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6787393|Matia Kasaija]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Matia Kasaija profile.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6847499|Mike Kennedy Sebalu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Miria Matembe]] | | [[Uganda]] | 1996 | 2006 | [[Faili:Miria-Matembe.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Mugisha Muntu]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mugisha Muntu 2020.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6939908|Musa Ecweru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | | [[Faili:Ecweru Musa Francis.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6944303|Muyanja Mbabaali]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mbabaali, Muyanja.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6944729|Mwesigwa Rukutana]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6961899|Namirembe Bitamazire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7045634|Nobel Mayombo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Nusura Tiperu]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7089874|Omara Atubo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7175509|Peter Lokeris]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lokeris Teko Peter.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7176147|Peter Nyombi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7301855|Rebecca Otengo Amuge]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7328008|Richard Nduhura]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7329499|Richard Todwong]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7365019|Ronald Kibuule]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kibuule, Ronald.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Rose Namayanja]] | Mwanasiasa, Mwandishi na Wakili wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | 2006-05 | 2016-02 | |- | ''[[:d:Q7368409|Rosemary Najjemba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7378868|Rukiya Chekamondo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7383142|Ruth Nankabirwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7403915|Saleh Kamba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7407448|Sam Engola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7417487|Sandy Stevens Tickodri-Togboa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7422470|Sarah Kataike]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kataike, Sarah Ndoboli.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7422653|Sarah Opendi Achieng]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Achieng Sarah Opendi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7452728|Serapio Rukundo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7459446|Sezi Mbaguta]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7518558|Simon D'Ujanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7518688|Simon Ejua]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7519223|Simon Lokodo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lokodo simon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7608889|Stephen Chebrot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Chebrot Stephen Chemoiko.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7635964|Sulaiman Madada]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Syda Bbumba]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bbumba Syda Namirembe.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7686751|Tarsis Kabwegyere]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7781207|Thembo Nyombi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7815151|Tom Butime]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Butime Tom Ateenyi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7838817|Tress Bucyanayandi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bucyanayandi Tress.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7900065|Urban Tibamanya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Urban Tibamanya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7927031|Victoria Sekitoleko]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Victoria Sekitoleko.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7931970|Vincent Nyanzi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7983291|Werikhe Kafabusa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8023150|Wilson Muruuli Mukasa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mukasa Muruuli Wilson.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q8069664|Zerubabel Nyiira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q15993247|Stephen Mallinga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mallinga Stephen Oscar.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16145569|Jim Muhwezi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Muhwezi Jim Katugugu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16148125|Charles Angina]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16186361|Jacqueline Mbabazi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16186459|Bright Rwamirama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Hope Mwesigye]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16193010|Kamanda Bataringaya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kamanda, Cos Bataringaya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Dorothy Hyuha|Dorothy Samali Hyuha]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Dorothy Hyuha (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16194624|James Kakooza]]'' | munnabyabufuzi, munnayuganda, mubalirizi wa bitabo | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kakooza James.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16194683|Wilson Mbadi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mbadi Mbasu Wilson.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16196528|Evelyn Kaabule]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kaabule, Evelyn Naome Mpagi N.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Jenipher Namuyangu|Jennifer Namuyangu]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Namuyangu Kacha Jenipher.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Abraham Byandala|Abraham Byandaala]] | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Byandala Abraham James.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16203647|Henry Musasizi]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda. | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Musasizi Dec 2015.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Loyce Biira Bwambale]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Joseph Semwanga]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16745020|Stanislaus Okurut]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Wafula Oguttu]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16875907|Chris Baryomunsi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2006 | | [[Faili:Chris Baryomunsi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17020396|Oliver Wonekha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q18353895|Sam Kavuma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Sam Kavuma.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18683782|Concy Aciro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q18685795|Martin Drito]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Drito Martin Andi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Judith Babirye]] | Mwanamuziki wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Judith-babirye.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18977763|Jaberi Bidandi Ssali]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Jaberi Bidandi Ssali.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19276819|Cecilia Ogwal]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 1994<br/>2011 | 2006<br/>2016 | [[Faili:Atim Ogwal Cecilia Barbara.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19364579|Sam Otada]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Evelyn Anite]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Anite Evelyn.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Gabriel Ajedra Aridru]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ajedra Gabriel Gadison Aridru.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19666374|Vincent Ssempijja]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19666505|Mariam Nalubega]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19667631|Elioda Tumwesigye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Elioda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19667761|Innocent Oula]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Innocent Oula.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19668408|Adison Kakuru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19668441|Ibrahim Ssemujju Nganda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ssemujju Ibrahim.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19668599|Beti Kamya-Turwomwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Beti Kamya 001.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19892030|Shem Bageine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19893338|Philemon Mateke]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19893521|Mike Mukula]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:AF6A9993.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20127943|James Mugira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mugira James.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20684666|Nandala Mafabi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nandala Mafabi Nathan James.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20684950|Florence Nebanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nebanda Andiru Florence.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Dora Byamukama]] | Mwanasiasa | | | | |- | [[Lydia Wanyoto]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Acting Head of AMISOM, Hon. Lydia Wanyoto-Mutende gives her speech during a press briefing held in AMISOM base camp Mogadishu Somalia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Patrick Mutono]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mutono Patrick Lodoi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Betty Nambooze]] | Mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Betty Nambooze.webp|center|128px]] |- | [[Dennis Galabuzi Ssozi]] | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24565843|Sam Cheptoris]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Cheptoris Sam Mangusho.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Monica Azuba Ntege]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24565886|Baltazar Kasirivu-Atwooki]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kasirivu, Atwoki.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572355|Kevinah Taaka Wanaha Wandera]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Jane Aceng|Aceng Jane Ruth Ocero]] | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda, daktari (bingwa wa magonjwa ya watoto), mtafiti | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | | [[Faili:Ugandan Health Minister Dr. Jane Aceng (37922701691).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572619|Betty Amongi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon Betty Amongi Ongom WE4D Launch WE4D Launch 2024-306 4.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572620|Florence Nakiwala Kiyingi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572629|Abdul Nadduli]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[William Byaruhanga]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572633|Esther Mbulakubuza Mbayo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mbayo.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572652|Grace Kwiyucwiny]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kwiyucwiny Grace Freedom.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572655|Joyce Moriku]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Moriku Joyce Kaducu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Julius Wandera Maganda]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Maganda Julius Samia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572671|Harriet Ntabazi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572683|Moses Kizige]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572701|David Karubanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Karubanga David.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Joy Kabatsi]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572730|Ruth Achieng]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572733|Persis Princess Namuganza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Namuganza Persis Princess.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572738|Mary Goretti Kitutu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kitutu Mary Goretti Kimono.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572740|Christopher Kibanzanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572753|Rosemary Seninde]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Rosemary Seninde.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24572755|Benna Namugwanya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572836|Adrian Tibaleka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572841|Haruna Kasolo Kyeyune]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24572842|Ismael Orot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q24668795|Peace Mutuuzo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mutuuzo Peace Regis.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24851611|Frederick Ngobi Gume]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Frederick Ngobi Gume (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24851613|Godfrey Kiwanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Godfrey Kiwanda (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Kania Obiga]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Obiga Kania.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24851651|Charles Engola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Okello Charles Patrick Engola Macodwogo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24896277|Herbert Kabafunzaki]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q25755641|Felix Kulayigye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q27688647|Nabilah Naggayi Sempala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q27973946|Jacob Oboth-Oboth]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Oboth Marksons Jacob.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28136300|Kirya Balaki Kebba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29618018|Alex Ruhunda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ruhunda Alex.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29898231|Vincent Woboya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29913996|Andrew Baryayanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Baryayanga Andrew Aja.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29917557|Paul Amoru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29947195|Makmot Otto]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29963755|Michael Tusiime]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Tusiime.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30070354|Mariam Naigaga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mariam naigaga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30091390|Allan Ssewanyana]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Allan Ssewanyana.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30110261|Lawrence Akugizibwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30150061|Richard Gafabusa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Gafabusa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30228752|Deo Rwabiita]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30234278|Daudi Ochieng]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30302621|Jack Sabiiti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Jack Sabiiti.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30323559|Sam Bitangaro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30323636|Sam Byibesho]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Byibesho.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30323658|Jacklet Atuhaire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atuhaire.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30323685|Boaz Ninsiima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ninsiima Boaz Kasirabo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30899710|Jastine Ayebazibwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q30945317|Rosemary Tumusiime]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q31153326|Ismail Ogama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q31213353|Moses Adome]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q32538609|Beatrice Rwakimari]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q32540570|Paulson Luttamaguzi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Luttamaguzi Semakula Paulson.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q33125043|Kassiano Wadri]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q33978057|John Bosco Ikojo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ikojo John Bosco.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q34345403|Simon Mulongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Simon Mulongo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q36490457|Okin Ojara]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Okin P.P Ojara.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q36824970|Lawrence Mangusho]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mangusho EBB 278.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q37122067|Emma Boona]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:HON.BOONA EMMA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q38587500|Andrew Kaluya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Andrew Kaluya Cropped.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q39059042|Augustine Nshimye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q39073765|Isaac Mulindwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Isaac Mulindwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q40729759|Agaba Peter]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q41693469|Nawe Molly Kamukama]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q41768539|Agnes Atim Apea]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atim Agnes Apea.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42122025|Doreen Amule]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q42664267|Winnie Kiiza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2006 | 2021 | [[Faili:Winnie Kiiza.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42759362|Angelline Osegge]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Anna Ebaju Adeke]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Adeke Anna Ebaju.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42868219|Grace Tubwita]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q43267627|Joy Atim]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q43375707|Lucy Akello]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Akello Lucy.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Lillian Nakate]] | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[James Makumbi]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Florence Alice Lubega]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q51844074|Hellen Kahunde]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kahunde Helen.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q52615829|Judith Nabakooba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Judith Nabakooba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q53707363|Jacqueline Amongin]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Honorable Jacqueline Amongin (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54224710|Joyce Ssebugwawo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Joyce Nabbosa SSsebuggwawo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Agnes Nandutu]] | Mwandishi na Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Nandutu Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54233867|Victoria Mwaka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q54874973|Ibrahim Abiriga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | 2018-06-08 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55583703|Joyce Mpanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 1996 | 2001 | [[Faili:Hon. Joyce Mpanga (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55584067|Sylvia Rwabogo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q56043365|Aol Betty Ocan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2006 | 2026 | [[Faili:Betty Aol Ocan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56949745|Sylvia Nayebale]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nayebale Sylvia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57824490|Rosette Kajungu Mutambi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57825185|Sheila Mwine Kabaije]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Hellen Adoa|Adoa Hellen Abeku]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Adoa Hellen.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57825270|Molly Lanyero]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57825400|Idah Nabayiga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016<br/>2026-07-08 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q57825425|Tophace Kaahwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kaahwa, Tophace Byagira.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Margaret Komuhangi]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Komuhangi Margaret.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57828013|Lilly Adong]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57828421|Ajilo Elogu Maria Goretti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Jesca Ababiku]] | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Ababiku Jessica 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57828964|Achiro Lucy Otim]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57829630|Alum Sandra Ogwang Santa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | | [[Faili:Alum Santa Sandra.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57829781|Aleper Aachilla Margaret]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Aleper, Margaret Achilla.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57829968|Faith Alupo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57830246|Alyek Judith]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | | [[Faili:Alyek Judith.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58003275|Asiimwe Evarlyne Buregyeya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q58003644|Jane Avur Pacuto]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Avur Jane Pacuto.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58003789|Betty Awori Engola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Awor Betty Engola.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Davinia Esther Anyakun]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Esther Davinia Anyakun.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58041343|Rama Jacqueline Aol]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q58041487|Rose Atima Ayaka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Margaret Baba Diri]] | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda ambaye alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika Bunge la Uganda kama mwakilishi wa watu wenye ulemavu mwaka 1996 ambako amekuwa hadi sasa. | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Baba Diri Margaret.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58042319|Breeze Sarah Babirye Kityo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q58042467|Mary Babirye Kabanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q58042684|Veronica Babirye Kadogo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Babirye Veronica Kadogo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60467181|Anita Among]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Anita Annet Among.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60643201|Abigaba Cuthbert Mirembe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Abigaba Cuthbert Mirembe.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60745744|Basil K. Bataringaya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Basil Kiiza Bataringaya, 1964.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61642687|Zaake Francis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Francis Zaake.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61662345|Flavia Byekwaso]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:Brig. Gen Flavia Byekwaso.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61696432|Susan Lakot]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62060614|Zaitun Driwaru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62067646|Veronica Isala Eragu Bichetero]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62067701|Pamela Nasiyo Kamugo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kamugo Pamela Nasiyo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62068243|Elizabeth Beikiriize Karungi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Karungi, Elizabeth.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62099508|Susan Amero]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | 2026 | [[Faili:Amero Susan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62099975|Loy Katali]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q62100202|Ruth Katushabe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62100397|Oliver Katwesigye Koyekyenga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Katwesigye Oliver Koyekyanga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62100579|Pauline Kemirembe Kyaka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | | [[Faili:Kemirembe Pauline Kyaka.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62100890|Grace Kesande Bataringaya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kesande Grace Bataringaya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62129102|Caroline Kamusiime]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kamusiime Caroline.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62129115|Naome Kibaaju]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kibaaju Naome.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62129125|Noeline Kisembo Basemera]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kisembo Basemera Noeline.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62129153|Agnes Kunihira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Abwoli Kunihira Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62129175|Lowila CD Oketayot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62129230|Margaret Mbeiza Kisira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62129269|Lydia Daphine Mirembe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62129326|Rose Mutonyi Masaaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62480234|Stella Namoe Nyomera]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Barnabas Nawangwe.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62480909|Julie Mukoda Zabwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q62481397|Robinah Nabbanja]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | | [[Faili:Robinah Nabbanja.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62487344|Sarah Najjuma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Najjuma Sarah.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63004552|Wilberforce Kisamba Mugerwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q63228590|Byenkya Beatrice Nyakaisiki]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q63249359|Odonga Otto]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q63314320|Gad Gasatura]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q64495988|Agnes Ameede]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ameede Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64757636|Moses Magogo Hassim]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Moses Magogo Photo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q65013902|Alex Ndeezi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q65984578|Catheline Ndamira Atwakiire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atwakiire Catheline Ndamira.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q67080123|Everlyn Chemutai]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Chemutai Everlyn.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q67080169|Robina Hope Mukisa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q67500811|Margaret Lamwaka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lamwaka Margaret.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q67501169|Catherine Lamwaka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lamwaka Catherine 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q77586230|Francis Takirwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q84558223|Peter Ogwang]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Peter Ogwang (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q84702556|Denis Obua]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021<br/>2016 | 2026<br/>2021 | [[Faili:Obua Denis Hamson.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q84755125|Jackson Kafuuzi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kafuuzi Jackson Karugaba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q89370497|Rose Kabagyeni]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q89876044|Michael Mawanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mawanda Micheal Maranga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90805964|Hellen Grace Asamo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Asamo, Hellen Grace.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90914975|Safia Juuko Nalule]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q90916518|Aisha Sekindi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Sekindi Aisha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90920801|Rosemary Nauwat]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q90923330|Norah Nyendwoha Bigirwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bigirwa Norah Nyendwoha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90924025|Milly Mugeni]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q90926112|Christine Nakwang Tubo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nakwang Christine Tubo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90927411|Spellanza Baguma Muhenda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q90929827|Osoru Mourine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Osoru Mourine.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90931389|Sarah Nakawunde]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q90932356|Bangirana Kawooya Anifa]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda. | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bangirana Anifa Kawooya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q90932931|Kaliisa Jovrine Kyomukama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | 2021 | [[Faili:The Honourable Jovrine Kyomukama Kaliisa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Ann Maria Nankabirwa]] | mwanasiasa na mhandisi wa uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q95451495|Mwine Mpaka Rwamirama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mwine Mpaka Rwamirama.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q95746953|Wekomba Sarah Nambozo]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q95918194|Janet Grace Akech Okori-Moe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Okori Moe Janet Grace Akech.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96194971|Shamim Malende]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Malende Shamim.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96235409|Musinguzi Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96627201|Mary Mugyenyi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q96769674|Thomas Tayebwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Tayebwa Thomas.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q98733574|Monica Musenero]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105457011|Ssenyonyi Joel Besekezi]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:Ssenyonyi Joel Besekezi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105666074|Rosemary Nyakikongoro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nyakikongoro Rosemary.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105729903|Mamawi James]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mamawi James 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105759499|Ricky Richard Anywar]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ricky Richard Anywar ,.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105759549|Beatrice Akello Akori]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Akello Beatrice Akori.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Dorcus Acen]] | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | | [[Faili:Acan Dorcas.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105759717|Micah Akasile Lolem]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105760383|Lillian Obiale Paparu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lillian Obiale Paparu passport image.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105761146|Babungi Josephine Bebona]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bebona Babungi Josephine.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105825829|Annet Katusiime Mugisha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Katusiime Annet Mugisha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105825933|Cissy Dionizia Namujju]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Namujju Cissy Dionizia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105839631|Margaret Annet Muhanga Mugisa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mugisa Margaret Muhanga,.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Robina Gureme Rwakoojo]] | Mwanasheria wa Uganda, mbunge ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama mbunge mwakilishi wa Kaunti ya Gomba Magharibi katika Wilaya ya Gomba katika bunge la kumi na moja la Uganda. | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Rwakoojo Robina Gureme.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105839727|Asinansi Nyakato]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nyakato Asinansi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105883266|Jane Kabajungu Bainomugisha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bainomugisha Jane Kabajungu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105883414|ibyaze Peace]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105883576|Jane Awich]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Awich Jane.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105890715|Esther Afoyochan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon Esther Afoyochan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105903344|Jennifer Ayoo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ayoo Jeniffer Nalukwago.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105903749|Brenda Namukuta]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Namukuta Brenda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105904215|Patience Nkunda Kinshaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kinshaba Patience Nkunda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105904398|Phyllis Chemutai]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Chemutai Phyllis.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105904450|Jacinta Atuto]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atuto Jacinta.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105906038|Naima Melsa Gule Avako]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Avako Melsa Naima Gule.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Betty Ethel Naluyima]] | | [[Uganda]] | 2021<br/>2026 | | [[Faili:Naluyima Betty Ethel.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105942517|Jacinta Athieno Ayo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105942528|Rose Akello]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2002 | | [[Faili:Akello Rose Lilly.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105942809|Rose Obigah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Rose Obinga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105944500|Florence Nambozo Wamala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Wamala Nambozo Florence.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105944681|Mary Begumisa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Begumisa Mary.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105945785|Stella Isodo Apolot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Stella Apolot Isodo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105951002|Flora Natumanya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Natumanya Flora.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105951100|Dorothy Nyakato]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nyakato Dorothy.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105951153|Taban Sharifah Aate]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Taban Sharifah Aate.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105955350|Kenny Auma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Auma Kenny.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105955511|Fortunate Nantongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nantongo Fortunate Rose.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105956270|Nancy Acora]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Acora Nancy.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105956330|Linda Agnes Auma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Auma Linda Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105956412|Brenda Nabukenya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nabukenya Brenda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105956483|Joanne Aniku Okia]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105956578|Jennifer Driwaru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Driwaru Jennifer.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105956689|Juliet Kakande Nakabuye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nakabuye Juliet Kakande.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105956858|Florence Akiiki Asiimwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Florence Asiimwe Akiiki.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105958189|Molly Musiime Asiimwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Asiimwe Musiime Molly.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105958498|Medius Kaharata Natukunda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105962114|Prossy Akampurira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Akampurira Prossy Mbabazi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105962427|Miriam Mukhaye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mukhaye Miriam.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105962464|Juliet Kyinyamatama Suubi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105962932|Stella Atyang]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atyang Stella.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105963047|Teddy Nambooze]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nambooze Teddy.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105963103|Hope Grania Nakazibwe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nakazibwe Hope Grania.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105964879|Annet Nyakecho]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105964981|Joan Acom Alobo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Acom Joan Alobo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Gorreth Namugga]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Namugga Gorreth.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105965226|Shartsi Musherure Kuteesa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Musherure Shartsi Nayebare Kutesa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105965509|Kevin Ojinga Kaala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kaala Kevin Ojinga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105965895|Santa Okot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Okot Santa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105965987|Suzan Jolly Abeja]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Abeja Susan Jolly.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966087|Zomura Manezo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105966150|Judith Peace Achan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Achan Judith Peace.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966258|Josyline Kamateneti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kamateneti Josyline.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966331|Kabasharira Naome]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kabasharira, Naome.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966392|Anne Mary Kobugabe Tumwine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Tumwine Anne Mary.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Agnes Acibu]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Acibu Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966555|Faith Nakut]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nakut Faith Loru.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966644|Sarah Kayaki Netalisile]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kayagi Sarah Netalisire.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966714|Margret Okunga Makoha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105966758|Victorious Zawedde]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Zawedde Victorious.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105966807|Sylvia Vicky Awas]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q105966841|Remigio Achia]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Achia Remigio.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106028285|Paul Mwiru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mwiru Paul.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106139107|Lilian Aber]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Aber Lillian.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106263496|Christine Acen]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106265557|Akello Judith Franca]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Akello Franka Judith.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106312357|Monicah Amoding]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Amoding, Monicah -.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106338475|Margaret Rwabushaija]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106351056|Mary Paula Kebirungi Turyahikayo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106351678|Peace Kusasira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kusasira Peace Kanyesigye Mubiru.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106368084|Jalia Bintu]]'' | Mwanasiasa na mwalimu wa Uganda. | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bintu Jalia Lukumu Abwoli.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106368814|Silas Aogon]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106401908|Christine Apolot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Christine Apolot.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106431116|Annie Logiel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106452769|Birungi Carolyn Nanyondo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q106612689|Irene Linda Mugisha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Linda Irene.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107169463|Kiryowa Kiwanuka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kiryowa Kiwanuka, ca. 2019.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107289268|Freda Mubanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Frida Mubanda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107289275|Robina Ssentongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q107337069|Derrick Orone]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Derrick Orone.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107380106|Richard Ssebamala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon. Richard Sebamala.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108127346|Patrick Ocan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ocan Patrick.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108140312|Gilbert Olanya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Olanya Gilbert.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108140336|Anthony Akol]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Akol Anthony.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108336637|Moses Okot Jr]]'' | Mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | [[Faili:Hon. Bitek Junior.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108367147|Solomon Silwany]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Silwany Solomon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108367160|John Nambeshe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nambeshe John Baptist.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108538175|Robert Migadde]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108760136|Moses Ogwal]]'' | munnabyabufuzi omunnayuganda | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Ogwal Moses Goli.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108782015|Mapenduzi Ojara]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ojara Martin Mapenduzi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q109974085|Milly Babalanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110065116|Kambale Ferigo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kambale Ferigo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q110078450|Charles Ayume]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110897671|Okumu Gabriel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110933856|Muzaale Martin Kisule Mugabi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Amos Lugoloobi]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lugoloobi Amos.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111082010|Alisemera Babiiha Jane]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111082677|Munyira Wabwire Rose O]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111089868|Acen Rhoda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111091947|Angufiru Margaret]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111094449|Guma Gumisiriza David]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111094566|Ahabwe Pereza Godfrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2001 | 2011 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111180419|Susan Nakawuki]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111180875|Grace Mary Mugasa Akiiki]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Grace-mary-mugasa-21.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111181361|Huda Abason Oleru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Oleru Huda Abason.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111322940|Kaboyo Alice]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111325662|Maggie Magode Ikuyaa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111333319|Aisha Kabanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Nalule Asha Aisha Kabanda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111383455|Florence Kintu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kintu Florence.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111418019|Auru Anne]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Auru Anne.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111422299|Acayo Christine Cwinya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111434407|Iriama Rose]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Iriama, Rose.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111434932|Iriama Margaret]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111439077|Manjeri Kyebakutika]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kyebakutika Manjeri.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111439647|Gerald Nangoli]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nangoli Gerald.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111441060|Nabulya Theopista Sssentongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111442160|Wilfred Niwagaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q111443805|Mpabwa Sarah Patience]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111444396|Auma Juliana Modest]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Auma, Juliana Modest.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111449795|Mpiima Dorothy Christine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mpiima Dorothy Christine.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111462677|Joy Ruth Acheng]]'' | | [[Uganda]]<br/>[[Kanada]] | | | [[Faili:Acheng Joy Ruth.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111487131|Jeninah Ntabgoba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111512363|Nayiga Florence Ssekabira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111524946|Victor Nekesa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nekesa Victor.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111524966|Charity Bainababo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bainababo Charity.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111524969|Kirabo Agnes]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kirabo Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111530547|Phiona Nyamutoro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Phiona Nyamutooro 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111530895|Laura Kanushu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kanushu Laura.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111534333|Agnes Nabirye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q111536223|Aisa Black Agaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Agaba Aisa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Kayanga Baroda Watongola|Kayaga Baroda Watongola]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kayanga Baroda.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q111685296|Bulasio Mukasa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Zambaali BulasioMukasa11.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q113130474|Clement Kenneth Ongalo Obote]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q113130510|Fred Byamukama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q113130513|Kabuye Kyofatogabye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q113130517|Mayanja Sam]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q113376149|Mathias Mpuuga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2010 | 2026 | [[Faili:Mathias Mpuuga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q115300765|Linos Ngompek]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | [[Beatrice Kiraso]] | | [[Uganda]] | 1996 | 2006 | |- | ''[[:d:Q116602976|Anthony Okello]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116603638|Colline Angwech]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116603765|Sarah Aguti Nyangkori]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q116604844|Beatrice Amongi Lagada]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q116605534|Silvia Akello]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q116638520|Godfrey Taire Idhwege]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 1996 | 2001 | |- | ''[[:d:Q116638598|Festo Higiro Semajege]]'' | | | 1989 | 1996 | |- | [[Gertrude Njuba]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q119954197|Musamali Paul Mwasa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q123135788|Tom Bright]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Bright Tom Amooti.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q123483135|Balaam Barugahara]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Balaam Barugahara Ateenyi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q124145192|Sam Okiding]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:ATMIS Force Commander, Lt. Gen. Sam Okiding Portraits.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q124217918|Hon. Paul Omara, Member of Parliament County]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q124984566|Nsamba Patrick Oshabe]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q125280005|Ajok Lucy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ajok Lucy.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q125338138|Akumu Catherine Mavenjina]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026<br/>2006 | 2011 | [[Faili:Akumu Catherine Mavenjina.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q125363328|Christine Akello]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Akello Christine.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q125717606|Clare Mugumya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Mugumya Clare.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q125750504|Ekwau Ibi Florence]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ekwa Ibi Florence.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Joan Namutaawe]] | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Namutaawe Joan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q125750514|Grace Namara]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126923451|Karim Masaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130378109|Kiwanuka Sulaiman]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:KIWANUKA SULAIMAN BOBI.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q130609161|Dr. Opio Samuel Acuti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130609323|Obong Vincent Shedrick Eyit]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130616395|Acon Julius Bua]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130626637|Ocen Geoffrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130742217|Paul Kwizera Bucyana]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130742354|Kamara John Nizeyimana]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130742642|Alex Niyonsaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130742745|Kwizera Eddie Wa-Gahungu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q130750970|Kamara Nicholas Thadeus]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131192031|John Teira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Honourable John Teira.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q132129979|Geoffrey Mutiwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q133272910|Luyimbazi Elias Nalukoola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Luyimbazi Elias Nalukoola.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q133502704|Betty Muzanira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q133836482|Margaret Ssebagereka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q133889680|Annet Birungi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q134623203|Rogers Byamukama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q134732645|Godfrey Kabbyanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q135479058|Nathan Byanyima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Byanyima Nathan.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q135733866|Muwada Nkunyingi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Nkunyingi Muwada.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q135981027|Wakooli Godfrey Matembu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Wakooli Godfrey.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136659891|Loydah Twinomujuni kyarikunda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682385|Tibasiimwa Joram Ruranga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682386|Opolot Simon Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682387|Ayoo Tonny]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2011 | | [[Faili:Ayoo Tonny.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682452|Kibalya Henry Maurice]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | [[Faili:Kibalya Henry Maurice.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682453|Kajwengye Wilson]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kajwengye Twinomugisha Wilson.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682531|Wokorach Simon Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | [[Faili:Wokorach Simon Peter.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682532|Lubega Bashir Ssempa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | [[Faili:Lubega Bashir Ssempa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682546|Byarugaba Alex Bakunda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682547|Achayo Juliet Lodou]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682548|Kirumira Hassan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682549|Tebandeke Charles]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682572|Komol Joseph Midi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682575|Twinomujuni Francis Kazini]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682581|Waako Peggy Joy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682582|Natukunda Midiusy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Natukunda Midius.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682587|Grace Aulo Mbabazi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682588|Janat Akorimoe Akech]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682593|Katabaazi Francis Katongole]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | | [[Faili:Katabaazi Francis Katongole.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136682624|David Kaggwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q136682664|Lokwang Hillary]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lokwang Hillary.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136767424|Kawalya Abubaker]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kawalya Abubaker 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136768743|Muhamad Ssentayi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | [[Faili:Ssentayi Muhamad.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136768744|Sanon Nadeeba Bwiire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | |- | ''[[:d:Q136768745|Sam Otukol]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2021 | 2026 | [[Faili:Otukol Sam.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136910579|Ssewungu Joseph Gonzaga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ssewungu Joseph Gonzaga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136932628|Kayogera Yona]]'' | | | | | [[Faili:Kayogera Yona.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136956452|Kagabo Twaha Mzee]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Kagabo Twaha Mzee.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136956453|Ssejjoba Isaac]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ssejjoba Isaac.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q137821107|Josephat Tumwesigye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137823179|George Musisi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137856119|Muyonjo Hussein]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:MUYONJO HUSSEIN.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q137885754|Robert Maseruka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137972279|Apio Otuku]]'' | Mtafiti na mwanasiasa wa Uganda. | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988497|Fiona Nakku]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988549|Eugenia Nassolo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988626|Beatrice Wembabazi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988651|Sarah Hassan Namulondo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988668|Mastula Namatovu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988692|Jeniva Arinaitwe Nalongo]]'' | Kiongozi wa jamii kutoka Uganda na mtetezi wa haki za wanawake | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137988728|Ruth Rujoki Mushabe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137989675|Nabawanuka Sumaya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137990597|Grace Akifeza Ngabirano]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137990706|Jane Frances Amongin Okili]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137990958|Agnes Amede]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137991018|Annet Nabirye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137991249|Eunice Namatende]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137991462|Christine Lanyero Awany]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137991539|Ssebbugga Berunado Kimeze]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137991609|Desire Muhooza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137991682|Shyam Jay Tanna]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137992940|Sarah Lwansasula]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137993092|Peace Khalayi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137993222|Metrine Nanzala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137993385|Asha Nabulo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137993426|Ayoo Jeneth Phoebe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137993602|Emily Kugonza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137993772|Pamela Annet Kirungi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137994155|Atukunda Rebecca]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137994254|Enid Origumisiriza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137994327|Phiona Onzima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137995601|Ibaseret Josephine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137996361|Sarah Kabarokole]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137996715|Ayoo Phoebe Obol]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137996942|Madina Nsereko]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137997004|Agnes Shiuma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137999650|Sheilah Amanyiyo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Amaniyo Draville Sheilah.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q137999708|Vitarine Nansubuga Nalumansi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137999857|Harriet Joyo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q137999916|Janet Okao Auma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138000223|Mariam Seif]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138000550|Aceng Sandra Odongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138000596|Josephine Pedun]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138001320|Esther Lucy Acom]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138001597|Harriet Nalweende]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138001782|Harriet Anyimo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138003607|Evelyne Ninsiima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138004783|Paska Menya Aciro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138006535|Margaret Namubiru Rwabushaija]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138006703|Annet Nabaduuka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138024590|Justine Nameere]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138028929|Mercy Kanyesigye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138127827|Alinaitwe Sylvia Tumuheirwe]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138132307|Charity Kibaaju Kamuhanda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161330|Sarah Nanyonga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161331|Prossy Nanyonga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161332|Resty Nanyonga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161334|Brenda Aciro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161336|Betty Aciro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161337|Janet Chebet]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161339|Prossy Namusisi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161340|Sarah Nabirye]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161342|Ruth Namutaawe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161343|Sarah Akol]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161345|Brenda Achieng]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161346|Prossy Katusiime]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161349|Hellen Kyomugisha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161350|Sarah Tumwine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161351|Q138161351]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161352|Joan Kansiime]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161354|Prossy Kabugho]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161355|Janet Kyaligonza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161356|Ruth Kyomugisha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138161357|Grace Nyakato]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138329157|Ali Kasirye Nganda alias Mulyanyama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138329379|Michael Bukenya Iga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138457142|Komakech Christopher]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Komakech Christopher.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q138460898|Lugwar Benson]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138504850|Jalameso Fred]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138515252|Ediau Samuel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138539067|George Didi Bhoka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon.Bhoka Didi George at Uganda Parliament July 2025.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q138577188|Lukyamuzi David Kalwanga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lukyamuzi David Kalwanga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q138583087|Kyeyune Ivan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138650715|Obong Peter Acuda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138660954|Kasule Ismail]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138751304|Acan Joyce Okeny]]'' | Mwanasiasa wa Uganda | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Acan Joyce Okeny.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q138751314|Lenia Charity Kevin]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138751316|Mutasingwa Diana Nankunda Kagyenyi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138819084|Lilian Nakate]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2016 | 2021 | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554750|Aayoo Joyce Makamoe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554774|Acamfua Topista]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554775|Acheng Sandra]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554776|Achia Cathy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554778|Achia Lokiru Gabriel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554779|Achola Catherine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554780|Adidwa Abdu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554781|Adome Francis Lorika]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554782|Aeku Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554783|Agaba Gilbert]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554784|Ahebwa Wilber Manyisa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554785|Aine Godfrey Kaguta]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554786|Ajilo Maria Gorretti Elogu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554787|Akorikin Francis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554788|Akoth Angella Nzokire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554789|Akugizibwe Aled Ronald]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554790|Alenyo Marshall Godfrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554791|Alero Tom Aza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554792|Alioni Yorke Odria]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554793|Alyela Denis Omodi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554794|Amaniyo Draville Sheilah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554795|Amanya Cohen Kyampene]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554796|Angura Fredrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554797|Anyango Janet Hope]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554798|Ariko Herbert Edmund Okworo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554799|Arinaitwe Rwakajara Katambuka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554800|Aseera Stephen]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554803|Attan Okia Moses]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554804|Atugonza Allan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554921|Lakisa Mercy Faith]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554922|Linda Irene]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554923|Locap Peterkhen]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554924|Logose Sarah Annet]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554925|Lokii John Baptist]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Lokii John Baptist.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139554926|Lokoru Albert]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554927|Lokoru Stephenson Yoyo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554928|Lokubal Emma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554930|Loluk Fidelis Logwee]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554931|Longoli Simon Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554932|Lubega George Willy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554933|Lubowa Ssebina Gyaviira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554934|Lugoloobi Willy Bageyente]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554936|Lule Eria Erick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554942|Maala Zahrah Luyirika]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554946|Makumbi Henry Kamya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554947|Malinga Isaac Maikut]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554948|Masaba Muhamood Mutenyo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554949|Masiko Henry Moses]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554950|Matembu Chriss Wataka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554952|Matovu Emmanuel Magoola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554954|Mayanja Moses]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554955|Mbalibulha Christopher Kibanzanga Taban]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554956|Meeme Sylivia]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554958|Modoi Isaac]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Modoi Isaac.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139554959|Monday Julius Rude]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554960|Mpaata Salleh]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554961|Mpindi Bumali]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554962|Mubangizi Dedan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554963|Mudiobole Abedi Nasser]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554964|Mudukoi Fred Oduchu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554965|Mugabe Robert]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554966|Muhenda Ronald]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554967|Mujungu Jennifer K]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554968|Mujuni Asensio Maari]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554969|Mukiibi Eriasa Sserunjogi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554971|Mulemya Ismail Sowed]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554972|Mulindwa David Isimbwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554973|Musa Noah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554974|Musanje Moses]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554975|Musila John]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554976|Mutebi Benard Mugoya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554977|Mutego Ronard Hangujja]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554978|Mutekanga Zadock]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554979|Muzaid Khemis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554981|Nabadduka Annet]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554984|Nagujja Judith]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554985|Nakisita Betty Mpongo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554986|Nakiyi Julius Muntu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554987|Nakut Faith Loru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554988|Nakweede Harriet]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554989|Namanya Viola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554991|Nambaziira Florence]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554993|Nangoli Umar]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554994|Nankwanga Stellamaris]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554995|Naturinda Eliab]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554996|Nayebale Sylivia]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554997|Naziiwa Margret]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554998|Ssewagudde Robert]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554999|Nekesa Christine Situma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555000|Ngabirano Charles]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555001|Ninkusiima John Paul]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555002|Niringiyimana James Ruugi Kaberuka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555003|Nkrumah Roland]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555005|Nnamara Annet Oyes Byamukama]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555006|Nsegumire Muhamad Kibedi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555007|Nuria Hafsa Teko]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555008|Nyeko Johnson Kezekiya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555010|Ochai Maximus]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555011|Odwori John]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555012|Ofwono Opondo P’odel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555013|Ogama Alli Ismail]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555014|Ogwal Joseph Jones]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555015|Ogwang Patrick Obura]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555016|Ojiit Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555017|Ojok Andrew Oulanyah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555018|Okaasai Sidronius Opolot]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555019|Okello Geoffrey Charles]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555020|Okello Patrick Onguti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555021|Oketcho George]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555022|Oketcho John Francis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555023|Okeyoh Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555024|Okot Boniface Henry]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555025|Okot Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555026|Okoya John Calvin]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555027|Okullo Francis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555028|Okwere David Beecham]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555029|Okwi Constantine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555030|Omoding Emmanuel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555031|Oneka Lit Amere Denis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555032|Ongiertho Emmanuel Jor]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555033|Ongom Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555034|Ongorok Richard]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555036|Opito Vincent]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555037|Opiyo Denish Geoffrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555039|Opolot-okwalinga Simon Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Hon Opolot-Okwalinga during a committee session.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139555040|Origumisiriza Enid Atuheire]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555041|Oryema Simon Peter Adum]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555042|Ossiya Solomon Alemu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555043|Otim Bernard]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554805|Atuhwereire Arthur Kazoora]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554806|Atukunda Rebecca Mubangizi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554807|Atwijukire Boaz]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554808|Atwijukire Dan Kimosho]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554810|Ayagalachi Jamali]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554812|Ayepa Michael]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554814|Baatom Ben Koryang]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554815|Babanga Wilfred Erima]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554816|Babula Noel Kataike Matilda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554817|Bagoole Ngobi John]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554818|Bahireira Sylivia Tumwekwase]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554819|Bakashaba Christopher]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554820|Banya Emmanuel Natal]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554822|Baseke Fred]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554824|Batuwa Timothy Lusala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554825|Bazaanya Matayo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554827|Begiira Samuel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554828|Begumisa Protazio]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554829|Biara Emmanuel Wepukhulu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554830|Bingi Patrick Nyanzi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554832|Bisaso Abdul]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554833|Byuma Oswald Dez]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554834|Cadet Benjamin]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554835|Challa Elma Kapel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554836|Chandia Benadette Kodili]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554837|Chemonges William]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554838|Cheutich Rufina]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554839|Dramviku Eric Sabiti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554840|Echodu David Calvin]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554841|Edakasi Alfred Elalu-olale]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554843|Edopu Peter Edeku]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554844|Ekoro Alex Irukan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554845|Elem Leo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554846|Emaju Peter Paul]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554847|Eron Tonny]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554848|Etilu Margaret]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554849|Ezama Siraji Brahan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554850|Fungaroo Kaps Hassan]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554851|Gashaija Shyaka Steven]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554852|Goire Moses]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554853|Gonyi David Robert]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554854|Habyara Fortunate]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554856|Ibaseret Josephine Nkibs]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554857|Ibrahim Ibrahim Aisu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554858|Ikiriza Knight]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554859|Ilukol Emmanuel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554860|Isamat Abraham]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554861|Isingoma Patrick Mwesigwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554862|Ismail Muhammad Lomwar]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554863|Itungu Sarah Masereka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554864|Kabaasa Balaba Bruce]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554865|Kabanda David]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554866|Kabanda Minsa Nabbengo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554868|Kaheeru Vincent Freedom]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554869|Kahima Moses Mugabe]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554870|Kajwengye Twinomugisha Wilson]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554871|Kaka Lubega Ismail Uthuman]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554873|Kakooza Joseph]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554874|Kalenzi Victor]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554875|Kampanya Abdu Swaibu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554877|Kanaabi Jimmy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554878|Kangwagye Stephen Rwakanuma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554879|Kankunda Amos Kibwika]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554880|Kansiime Annah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554881|Kapyagon Brian]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554882|Kariisa Johnbosco Koy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554883|Karim Musa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554884|Karubanga Jacob Ateenyi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554885|Karuhanga Gerald Kafureeka]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554887|Kasigwa Gerald Bihemaiso]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554889|Kasukaali Methuselah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554890|Kateshumbwa Dicksons]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554891|Katooko Sylvia Damba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554892|Katushabe Doreen Birungi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554893|Katusiime Adrine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554894|Katusiime Jovia]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554895|Kenan Opio]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554896|Kiconco Katabaazi Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554897|Kiirya Grace Paddy Wanzala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554898|Kiiza Kenneth Nyendwoha]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554899|Kikabi Edward]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554900|Kinalwa James]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554901|Kinobere Herbert Tom]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554902|Kiruluuta Yusuf Junior Nkerettanyi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554903|Kisa Stephen Bakubalwayo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554904|Kisekka Salim]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554905|Kitanywa Sowedi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554906|Kiti Peter]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554907|Kitiyo Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554908|Kiwanuka Abdallah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554909|Kiwanuka Keefa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554910|Kiyimba Emmanuel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554911|Kizza Hakim Sawula]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554913|Komol Joseph Miidi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554914|Kugonza Emely]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554915|Kungu Samuel Bamuteeze]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554916|Kuteesa Mary Kamuli]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554917|Kuteesa Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554918|Kyarampe Rebecca]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139554920|Kyogabiirwe Jackie Muganda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555044|Otimgiw Isaac Ismail]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555045|Ottober Wellborn Odiya]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555046|Ouma Willy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555048|Owere Richard Machika]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555049|Owino Nicholas Simon]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555050|Paak Peter Pex]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555052|Ruteraho Lillian]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555053|Rwashande Emmanuel]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555054|Saazi Godfrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555055|Sange Jackline]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555056|Sekabira Denes]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555057|Senteza Richard]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555059|Ssekitoleeko Robert]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555060|Ssemwanga Gyaviira]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555061|Sserukenya David]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555062|Sserunjogi Hassan Mukiibi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555064|Suubi Kyinyamatama Juliet K]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555065|Tayebwa Didas Kabumbuza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555066|Tete Chelangat Everline]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555067|Tiyo William Taylor Odaa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555068|Tom Aliti Candia]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555070|Tumukunde Henry Kakurugu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555071|Tumuramye Genensio]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555073|Tumwebaze Mwine]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555074|Tumwesigye Anthony]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555075|Twalla Fadil]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555076|Twesige Stephen]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555077|Twinamasiko Onesimus]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555078|Uhuru Nelson]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555079|Wabusani Steven Makwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555081|Waiswa Joel Azalwa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555083|Wakida Patrick Godfrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555084|Waluswaka James]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555085|Walyomu Moses Muwanika]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555086|Wamakuyu Ignatius Mudimi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555087|Wandera John Paul]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555088|Wandera Sadala]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555089|Wanyama Judas Thadeo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555090|Wanyama Richard]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555091|Wanyenya Shafiga]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555092|Wanyoto Godfrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139555094|Wokuri Geofrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139674654|Tanna Sanjay]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139719426|Wasswa Lule]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139752461|Okupa Elijah]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Okupa Elijah,.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139752949|Twesigye Nathan Itungo]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Twesigye Nathan Itungo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139753935|Businge Joab]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Businge Joab.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139754316|Biyika Lawrence Songa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Biyika Lawrence Songa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139763956|Byakatonda Abdulhu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Byakatonda Abdulhu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139764000|Byamukama Nulu]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Byamukama Nulu Joseph.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780066|Chelangat Alinga Solomon]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Chelangat Alinga Solomon.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780080|Chemaswet Abdi Fadhil Kisos]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Chemaswet Abdi Fadhil Kisos.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780114|Afidra Ronald Olema]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Afidra Olema Ronald.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780160|Akamba Paul]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Akamba Paul Busiki.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780202|Aleper Moses]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Aleper Moses.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780242|Nsabimana Paul Asaba]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Paul Asaba Nsabimana.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139780260|Aseera Stephen Itaza]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139780288|Asiimwe Enos Kinywamachunda]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139782548|Atima Jackson Lee Buti]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Atima Jackson Lee Buti, Arua Central Division, Arua City (NRM).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139782619|Baka Stephen Mugabi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Baka Stephen Mugabi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139782798|Ekanya Geofrey]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ekanya Geofrey.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139782828|Ekudo Tom Julius]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Ekudo Tom Julius.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139960285|Wakabi Pius]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139962125|Bernadette Candia Kodili]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139962576|Basajjassubi Nsereko Charles Kawuma]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139962611|Rugumayo Edson]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139963325|Katusiime Adrine Mwebesa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139963393|Aisha Lumolo Mafabi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q139963644|Angela Akoth]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140067981|Kasajja George Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140167514|Asiimwe Jonard]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140722063|Musinguzi Yona]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | [[Faili:Musinguzi Yona.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q140930641|Ali Siraj]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930655|Bassajja Iddi]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930656|Mukalazi Amina]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930657|Mulondo Cissy]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930658|Mwesigwa Mathias]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930659|Namara Dennis]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930660|Ongu Tar James]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930661|Opolot Isiagi Patrick]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930662|Tukahirwa James Hunter Byenjeru]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q140930663|Tumusiime John Bosco]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | 2026 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141200544|John Wycliffe Lwamafa]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141201410|John Emilly Otekat]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141204499|James Silas Malilo Ondoa Ochola]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141952069|Okumu Gabriel Okoro]]'' | | [[Uganda]] | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} odp419yq694gxm8j70yigogmjxwrz6n 0 108634 1615453 1529695 2026-11-07T22:38:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615453 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Tartu Observatory 2008.JPG|right|frameless|208x208px]] '''Paoneaanga pa Tartu''' (Tartu Observatory) ni [[paoneaanga]] maarufu huko [[Estonia]]. Kituo hiki kilianzishwa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kifalme cha Dorpat (jina la awali la Tartu) kikafunguliwa mwaka [[1802]]. Jengo la uchunguzi lilikamilishwa mwaka [[1810]] kwenye [[kilima cha Toome]] huko [[Dorpat]]. Vifaa vya uchunguzi viliwekwa katika mwaka [[1814]] na von Struve ambaye baadaye alianza uchunguzi. Wanasayansi kadhaa wanaojulikana kuhusishwa katika kituo hiki : von Struve, [[Johann Heinrich von Mädler]], [[Thomas Clausen]], [[Ernst Julius Öpik]], [[Grigori Kuzmin]], [[Jaan Einasto]]. == Viungo vya nje == {{commons category}} * [https://www.to.ee/muuseum/Main/Downloads/Observatoorium.pdf Tartu Observatoorium 1805-1948, Georgi Želnin, 2004]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211201212331/https://www.to.ee/eng/about_us/history Timeline of Tartu Observatory] * [http://www.obs.ee/obs/instrumendid/fr.htm Fraunhofer refractor] * [http://www.icranet.org/4th_ICRANet_Scientific_Committee/Volume3-Scientific_Report/12Einasto_b.pdf About the search for dark matter in the Tartu observatory] * [http://www.to.ee Tartu Observatory] {{Wayback|url=http://www.to.ee/ |date=20160111175319 }} {{Mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Estonia]] [[Jamii:Paoneaanga]] hbieozxehnrg4h9o7s8t2wteww5lhk5 0 116643 1615530 1525476 2026-11-08T04:21:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Football player infobox|picha=|jinalamchezaji=Shadrack Mmunga|tareheyakuzaliwa=January 1, 1984|jinakamili=Shadrack Mmunga|nchialiozaliwa=Congo}} '''Shadrack Mmunga''' ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], ambaye hivi sasa anacheza nchini [[Canada]]. Alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 16, alitengeneza kwanza kazi yake katika mpango wa vijana wa Canada mnamo 2010 na mshauri Sean Fleming, na akashinda tuzo ya fedha na Canada kwenye Mashindano ya 2011-ECC U-17 huko Jamaica, ambapo Canada ilifuzu kwa FIFA U ya 2011 -17 Kombe la Dunia huko Mexico. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://gogarneau.ca/nouvelles/2017/shadrack-mmunga-entraineur-chef-en-soccer-masculin-d2|title=Shadrack Mmunga, entraineur-chef en soccer masculin D2 - Les Élans du Cégep Garneau|author=|first=|work=gogarneau.ca|accessdate=24 August 2019|archive-date=2019-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821190153/http://gogarneau.ca/nouvelles/2017/shadrack-mmunga-entraineur-chef-en-soccer-masculin-d2|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cansoc">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=2231&t=profile&|title=Canada Soccer|work=www.canadasoccer.com|accessdate=24 August 2019}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2011/04/24/canada-u-17s-blown-out-mexico-2nd-friendly|title=Canada U-17s blown out by Mexico in 2nd friendly &#124; MLSsoccer.com|accessdate=24 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.footmercato.net/joueur/j172834_shadrack-mmunga|title=Shadrack Mmunga - Footmercato.net|work=Foot Mercato : Info Transferts Football - Actu Foot Transfert|accessdate=24 August 2019|archivedate=2019-08-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821191214/http://www.footmercato.net/joueur/j172834_shadrack-mmunga}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] tmnosbcugq46z58ts49271r1uviovn4 0 118503 1615616 1574519 2026-11-08T08:05:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615616 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:USN MK-46 Mod 5 lightweight torpedo.jpg|thumb|300px|Topido nyepesi ya Kimarekani aina "A Mark 46 Mod 5" ikirushwa kutoka manowari; itaanguka kwenye maji na kuendelea chini ya uso wa maji]] [[Picha:FS Redoutable torpilles.jpg|300px|thumb|Topido ikiingizwa katika bomba la kurushia kwenye nyambizi ya Kifaransa]] [[Picha:Torpille Whitehead.jpg|300px|thumb|Topido ya kwanza ya Whitehead: mbele iko sehemu kilipukaji, katikati sehemu ya hewa iliyoshinikizwa, nyuma injini inayozungusha parapela]] '''Topido''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''torpedo'') ni [[silaha]] inayotumiwa kwenye [[maji]]. Kimsingi ni [[bomu]] lililounganishwa na [[injini]] na [[parapela]], kwa hiyo inaweza kujisukuma katika maji (mara nyingi chini ya maji) na kuelekea lengo lake ambako bomu linalipuka. Topido inajulikana kama silaha kuu ya [[nyambizi]] lakini [[historia]] yake ilianza kama silaha ya [[manowari]] za kawaida. Awali neno "torpedo" lilitumiwa kutaja aina mbalimbali za mabomu ya maji yasiyokuwa na injini. [[Mwaka]] [[1866]] [[mhandisi]] [[Mwingereza]] [[Robert Whitehead]] alitengeneza topido ya kwanza katika utumishi wa [[wanamaji]] wa [[Austria-Hungaria]]; aliunda silaha yenye [[baruti]] [[Kilogramu|kg]] 9 iliyoendeshwa kwa nguvu ya [[hewa]] iliyoshinikizwa na kuendesha parapela; iliweza kujisukuma kwa [[umbali]] wa [[mita]] 300-400 kwa [[kasi]] ya [[km/h]] 11. Silaha hiyo ya kwanza iliboreshwa haraka ikatambuliwa kwamba hata [[boti]] dogo linaweza kubeba topido kadhaa na kuwa hatari kwa manowari kubwa. Hii ilithibitishwa kwa kuzamishwa kwa manowari ya [[Milki ya Osmani]] mwaka [[1878]] iliyoshambuliwa na maboti madogo ya [[Urusi]] yaliyobeba topido. Tangu kupatikana kwa nyambizi topido ilikuwa silaha kuu iliyorushwa chini ya maji. Lakini kulikuwa pia na sehemu za kurusha topido kwenye [[nchi kavu]] kwa shabaha ya kutetea [[hori]] au [[Bandari|mlango wa bandari]] dhidi ya manowari. Injini za hewa iliyoshinikizwa zilitumiwa hadi [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]] lakini wakati ule tayari [[injini za umeme]] zilianza kutumiwa. Leo hii kuna injini tofautitofauti. Umbali wa topido umeongezwa hadi kufikia kilomita kadhaa. Manowari hubeba topido hasa kwa kujihami dhidi ya nyambizi. ==Viungo vya Nje== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506082230/https://www.liveleak.com/view?i=d00_1172059035 Swedish Bofors 'Torpedo 2000' promo video] * Modern Torpedoes And Countermeasures [http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/joseph.html] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/joseph.html |date=20120222222226 }} * US Navy torpedo data cut and pasted from a [http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/factfile/weapons/wep-torp.html Navy Fact File] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/factfile/weapons/wep-torp.html |date=20051104005915 }} * Early History of the Torpedo [https://web.archive.org/web/20120509115031/http://www.btinternet.com/~philipr/torps.htm Torpedo History] * US Naval Undersea Museum [https://www.keyportmuseum.cnrnw.navy.mil/torpedotech.htm Torpedo Display] {{Wayback|url=https://www.keyportmuseum.cnrnw.navy.mil/torpedotech.htm |date=20050908111923 }} * US Naval Undersea Museum [https://www.keyportmuseum.cnrnw.navy.mil/torpedoes.htm Torpedo Collection] {{Wayback|url=https://www.keyportmuseum.cnrnw.navy.mil/torpedoes.htm |date=20050226023752 }} {{tech-stub}} [[Category:silaha]] kvjxthur77v992u8c1uxpr6wfciiw2p 0 119248 1615432 1522585 2026-11-07T21:35:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615432 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Odesa-Montage-2016.png|250px|thumb|Majengo ya Odessa.]] [[Picha:Odesa-Ukraine-Map.png|250px|thumb|Ramani ya Odessa katika Ukraini.]] '''Odessa''' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/55-2010-%D0%BF|title=Resolution no. 55 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, January 27, 2010|work=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=ukr|accessdate=2017-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326043330/http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/55-2010-%D0%BF|archivedate=2017-03-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> (kwa [[Kiukraine]]: Оде́са) ni [[jiji]] na [[bandari]] muhimu [[kusini]] [[magharibi]] mwa [[Ukraini]]. Ni [[makao makuu]] ya [[Mkoa wa Odessa]]. Jiji hilo liko kwenye [[mwambao]] wa [[Bahari Nyeusi]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi ilihesabiwa kuwa 1,016,000 [[mwaka]] [[2021]]<ref> "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (Kiukraini). "State Statistics Service of Ukraine." 11 Juli 2021.</ref>. == Historia == [[Picha:Potemkinstairs.jpg|right|thumb|300x300px|Ngazi kubwa mjini Odessa ilitumiwa kwa picha za filamu maarufu ya "Manowari Potemkin" ya [[Sergei Eisenstein]].]] === Vyanzo === [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Wagiriki wa Kale]] waliwahi kujenga hapa mji uliogunduliwa na [[wanaakiolojia]]. Hakuna habari za uhakika zaidi hadi [[karne za kati]], wakati mwambao wa kaskazini wa Bahari Nyeusi ulitawaliwa na [[Watartari]], wasemaji wa [[lugha za Kiturki]]. [[Mtawala]] wao wa [[Krim]] alijenga hapa [[ngome]] na mji mnamo [[1440]] kwa jina la Hacibey. Tangu mwaka [[1529]] ngome na bandari hiyo ilikuwa sehemu ya [[Milki ya Osmani]] kwa jina la Khadjibey. Katika [[vita ya Urusi dhidi ya Waosmani]] ya miaka [[1787]]–[[1792]] ilivamiwa na [[Warusi]] na kuwa sehemu ya [[Milki ya Urusi]]<ref name="OO">{{Rejea tovuti|author=|url=http://www.odessaonline.com.ua/eng/gonm.php?dir=history&m2=1&m3=1|title=History of Odessa|work=|publisher=Odessa Online|accessdate=May 1, 2006|archivedate=2019-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106061951/http://www.odessaonline.com.ua/eng/gonm.php?dir=history&m2=1&m3=1}}</ref> . ===Mji mpya ya Odessa=== Mwaka [[1794]] [[malkia]] [[Katharina II wa Urusi]] aliamuru mji wa kisasa kujengwa penye ngome ya kale na kuufanya [[kitovu]] cha "Urusi Mpya", mkoa ulioanzishwa katika maeneo yaliyotwaliwa kutoka kwa Waosmani. Mji huo ulipangwa na kupanua kufuatana na [[ramani]] iliyoandaliwa na [[mhandisi]] [[Mholanzi]] [[Frans de Vollan]]<ref>[https://www.visit2odessa.com/odessa-info/ About Odessa], tovuti ya Odessa Info, iliangaliwa Novemba 2019</ref>. Mwaka [[1795]] jina la Kiturki lilibadilishwa kuwa Odessa kwa [[kumbukumbu]] ya [[koloni]] la Wagiriki wa Kale katika eneo hili. Malkia Katharina alimteua [[mkabaila]] [[Mfaransa]] [[Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu|Duc de Richelieu]], aliyewahi kukimbia [[mapinduzi ya Ufaransa]], kuwa [[gavana]] wa Odessa. Huyu alisimamia [[ujenzi]] wa mji mpya na kuurembesha. [[Jengo|Majengo]] mengi ya kipindi kile hufanana na [[usanifu]] wa [[nyumba]][[Ufaransa]] na [[Italia]]. Odessa ilikua haraka kwa sababu mwaka [[1817]] ilikuwa "[[eneo huru la forodha|bandari huru]]" ambako [[wafanyabiashara]] waliruhusiwa kuingiza [[bidhaa]] kutoka nje bila kulipa [[kodi]] ya [[forodha]]. Ilikuwa bandari muhimu ya Urusi kwenye bahari isiyo na [[baridi]] - tofauti na bandari za kaskazini ya Urusi- na kufaa kwa [[biashara]] ya kuuza nje [[nafaka]] zilizozalishwa kwa wingi kusini mwa Urusi. Mwaka [[1866]] mji uliunganishwa na [[njia ya reli]] kwenda [[Kiev]]. Katika [[karne ya 19]] Odessa ilikuwa mji wa nne kwa ukubwa katika Milki ya Urusi, baada ya [[Moscow]], [[Sankt Peterburg]] na [[Warshawa|Warsaw]]. <ref name="PH">{{Rejea jarida|last=Herlihy|first=Patricia|year=1977|title=The Ethnic Composition of the City of Odessa in the Nineteenth Century|pages=p.&nbsp;53}}</ref> Katika karne ya 19 [[Wayahudi]] wengi kutoka sehemu za [[Polandi]] walihamia Odessa. Mnamo mwaka [[1900]] [[theluthi]] moja ya wakazi walikuwa Wayahudi. Sehemu ya [[Wakristo]] [[Waorthodoksi]] waliwachukia na kulikuwa mara kadhaa na mashambulio dhidi ya Wayahudi zilizoitwa [[pogromu]]. === Karne ya 20 === Mnamo mwaka [[1905]] Odessa iliona ghasia ya [[wanamaji]] wa [[manowari]] Potemkin dhidi ya [[serikali]] ya kifalme; ghasia hii ilifuatwa na pogromu kubwa dhidi ya Wayahudi wa mji. Sehemu ya Wayahudi hao walianza kuhama Odessa na wachache walitafuta makazi mapya huko [[Palestina]]<ref name="bh.org.il">{{cite web |title=The Jewish Community of Odessa |url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/odessa |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot |accessdate=2019-11-23 |archivedate=2020-09-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921060844/https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/odessa }}</ref> . Baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]], Odessa ilikuwa sehemu ya [[jamhuri]] mpya ya Ukraini katika [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]. Kwenye [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]], Odessa ilivamiwa na [[majeshi]] ya [[Ujerumani]] na [[Romania]] kwenye mwaka [[1941]]. Katika miezi 6 ya [[utawala]] wa Wajerumani na Waromania, [[asilimia]] 80 ya Wayahudi wa Odessa waliuawa. Maadui walifukuzwa mjini katika Aprili [[1944]]. Majengo mengi yaliharibika lakini serikali iliongoza matengenezo ya mji kufuatana na mfano wa awali katika miongo baada ya [[vita]]. Mnamo [[1991]], baada ya kuporomoka kwa [[ukomunisti]] na Umoja wa Kisovyeti, Odessa ilikuwa mji wa [[Ukraini]] mpya iliyojitegemea. Leo Odessa ni jiji la karibu watu [[milioni]] 1.1. [[Viwanda]] vya jiji ni pamoja na [[ujenzi]] wa [[meli]], kusafisha [[mafuta]], [[kemikali]], utengenezaji wa [[madini]] na [[usindikaji]] wa [[chakula]]. Odessa pia ni msingi wa [[Jeshi la majini]] la Ukraini na bandari ya [[uvuvi]]. Inajulikana pia kwa [[soko]] lake kubwa la nje, Soko la Saba-Kilomita. == Uchumi == [[File:Oděsa, přístav, loď.jpg|left|thumb|Bandari ya Odessa ni bandari kuu ya Ukraini.]] [[File:Odessa arkadia2018.jpg|left|thumb|[[Arcadia_(Odessa)|Arcadia]] ni mtaa wa majengo mapya na maduka mengi]] [[Uchumi]] wa Odessa unatokana na nafasi yake kuwa bandari muhimu. [[Mawasiliano]] ya meli hayasumbuliwi na [[barafu]]. Iko karibu na [[midomo]] ya [[mito]] mikubwa kama [[Dnepr]], the [[Bug]], [[Dnestr]] na [[Danubi]] inayowezesha [[usafirishaji]] wa bidhaa kwenda nchi za [[bara]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last= Kravtsiv |first= Bohdan |encyclopedia= Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine |title= Odesa |url= http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\O\D\Odesa.htm |accessdate= 4 November 2014 |year= 2012 |publisher= Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies |quote= Odesa is situated on a large, virtually ice-free bay on the Black Sea, near the mouths of the Danube River, the Dnister River, the Boh River, and the Dnieper River, which link it with the interior of the country. }}</ref> Wakati wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti, Odessa ilikuwa bandari iliyoshughulika mizigo mingi ya nchi. Bandari huwa na vitengo vya kupokea na kupakua mafuta na [[gesi]], mizigo mikavu na [[abiria]]. Mwaka [[2007]] bandari ya Odessa ilishughulika [[tani]] 31,368,000 za mizigo.<ref name=autogenerated2>[http://www.ukrport.org.ua/members.htm Ассоциация портов Украины и всего Чёрного моря: члены] kutoka [https://web.archive.org/web/20120229103802/http://www.ukrport.org.ua/members.htm], iliangaliwa 29 February 2012 </ref> <ref name=autogenerated1>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.blackseatrans.com/article.php?articleID=747|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109222022/http://www.blackseatrans.com/article.php?articleID=747|url-status=dead|title=Ports of Ukraine|archivedate=9 November 2007}}</ref> Bandari hii ni pia nyumbani kwa wanamaji wa Ukraini. Mawasiliano ya [[reli]] ni muhimu kwa usafirishaji kutoka au kwenda bandarini. Takriban asilimia 5 za [[uzalishaji]] wote wa tasnia ya Ukraini unatokea hapa. == Utamaduni == [[Lugha]] ya kwanza inayozungumzwa ni [[Kirusi]] pamoja na [[Kiukraini]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] nchini. Jiji ni mchanganyiko wa [[mataifa]] na [[makabila]] mengi, pamoja na Waukraini, [[Urusi|Warusi]], Wayahudi, [[Ugiriki|Wagiriki]], [[Wamoldova]], [[Wabulgaria]], [[Waarmenia]] na [[Uturuki|Waturuki]]. ==Picha== <gallery> File:Будинок прибутковий Маврокордато.jpg|Majengo ya zamani yamakarabatiwa File:Odessa's city hall.jpg|Mansipaa ya Odessa File:Ekaterininskay square Odessa 2010.JPG|Uwanja wa Katharina II pamoja na sanamu yake File:Украина, Одесса - Свято-Преображенский кафедральный собор 02.jpg|Kanisa Kuu la Kiorthodoksi Odessa File:Odesa Olgivska-4 0-1.jpg|Chuo Kikuu cha Tiba File:Oděsa, přístav, loď.jpg|Bandari ya Odessa </gallery> == Tanbihi == {{Reflist}} ==Marejeo== * {{cite book|ref=Richardson |last= Richardson |first= Tanya |year= 2008 |title= Kaleidoscopic Odessa: History and Place in Contemporary Ukraine |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn= 978-0-8020-9563-3 |url= https://books.google.com/?id=BmXmyel_q6EC |accessdate= 7 November 2009 }} * {{cite book |ref=harv |last= Imperial |first=Odessa Society of History and Artifacts |year= 1848 |title= Notes of the Imperial Odessa Society of History and Artifacts. Vol.2 |publisher=Odessa City Typography |location=Odessa |isbn= |url= https://books.google.com/?id=UdlPAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-url= |url-status= |archive-date= |access-date= 29 April 2019 }} * {{cite book |ref=harv |last= Yefimenko |first=Aleksandra |year= 2018 |title= History of Ukraine and its people (История Украйны и ее народа) |publisher=Litres |location= |isbn= 9785457887299 |url= https://books.google.com/?id=ASGYCgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-url= |url-status= |archive-date= |access-date= 29 April 2019 }} ==Kujisomea== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last= Dallin |first= Alexander |year= 1998 |title= Odessa, 1941–1944: A Case Study of Soviet Territory Under Foreign Rule |publisher= Center for Romanian Studies |location= Iaşi |isbn= 973-98391-1-8 |url= http://odessitclub.org/en/archives/dallin/dallin.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120205004150/http://odessitclub.org/en/archives/dallin/dallin.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= 5 February 2012 |access-date= 7 November 2009 }} Complete book available online. * {{cite book |last= Friedberg |first= Maurice |year= 1991 |title= How Things Were Done in Odessa: Cultural and Intellectual Pursuits in a Soviet City |url= https://archive.org/details/howthingsweredon0000frie |publisher= Westview Press |location= Boulder, CO |isbn= 0-8133-7987-3 }} [http://www.2odessa.com/wiki/index.php?title=How_Things_Were_Done_in_Odessa Two reviews] {{Wayback|url=http://www.2odessa.com/wiki/index.php?title=How_Things_Were_Done_in_Odessa |date=20220629072130 }} * {{cite book |last= Ghervas |first= Stella |year= 2008 |chapter= Odessa et les confins de l'Europe: un éclairage historique |publisher=Editions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme |location= Paris |isbn= 978-2-7351-1182-4 |title=Lieux d'Europe. Mythes et limites |editor1-first= Stella |editor1-last= Ghervas |editor2-first= François |editor2-last= Rosset }} * {{cite book |last= Ghervas |first= Stella |year= 2008 |title= Réinventer la tradition. Alexandre Stourdza et l'Europe de la Sainte-Alliance |publisher=Honoré Champion |location= Paris |isbn= 978-2-7453-1669-1 }} * {{cite book |last= Gubar |first= Oleg |year= 2004 |title= Odessa: New Monuments, Memorial Plaques, and Buildings |publisher=Optimum |location= Odessa |isbn=966-8072-86-3 }} * {{cite journal |first=Patricia |last=Herlihy |authorlink=Patricia Herlihy |year=1979–1980 |title=Greek Merchants in Odessa in the Nineteenth Century |journal=Harvard Ukrainian Studies |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=399–420 |id= |url=http://www.huri.harvard.edu/pdf/hus_volumes/vIII-IV_1979-1980_part2.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529124420/http://www.huri.harvard.edu/pdf/hus_volumes/vIII-IV_1979-1980_part2.pdf |archive-date=29 May 2008 |url-status=dead |df= }} * {{cite book |last= Herlihy |first= Patricia |authorlink= Patricia Herlihy |year= 1987 |title= Odessa: A History, 1794–1914 |url= https://archive.org/details/odessahistory17900herl |publisher= Harvard University Press |location= Cambridge, MA |isbn= 0-916458-15-6 }} (hardcover), ISBN 0-916458-43-1}} (1991 paperback reprint) * {{cite book |last= Herlihy |first= Patricia |authorlink= |year= 2002 |chapter= Commerce and Architecture in Odessa in Late Imperial Russia |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location= Baltimore |isbn= 0-8018-6750-9 |title=Commerce in Russian Urban Culture 1861–1914 * {{cite journal |last= Herlihy |first= Patricia |authorlink=Patricia Herlihy |year= 2003 |title= Port Jews of Odessa and Trieste: A Tale of Two Cities |journal= Jahrbuch des Simon-Dubnow-Instituts |volume= 2 |pages=182–198 |publisher=Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt |location= München |isbn= 3-421-05522-X * {{cite book |first= Patricia |last= Herlihy |authorlink=Patricia Herlihy |author2=Gubar, Oleg |chapter= The Persuasive Power of the Odessa Myth |title=Cities after the Fall of Communism: Reshaping Cultural Landscapes and European Identity |editor1-first= John |editor1-last= Czaplicka |editor2-first= Nida |editor2-last= Gelazis |editor3-first= Blair A. |editor3-last= Ruble |publisher= Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn= 978-0-8018-9191-5 |year= 2008 }} * {{cite book |last= Kaufman |first= Bel |author2= Oleg Gubar (Contributor), Alexander Rozenboim (Contributor), Nicholas&nbsp;V. Iljine (Editor), [[Patricia Herlihy]] (Editor) |year= 2004 |title= Odessa Memories |publisher= University of Washington Press |location= Seattle |isbn= 0-295-98345-0 |url= https://archive.org/details/odessamemoriessa00nico }} * {{cite book |last= King |first= Charles |year= 2011 |title= Odessa: Genius and Death in a City of Dreams |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |isbn= 978-0-393-07084-2 }} * {{cite book |last= Kononova |first= G. |year= 1984 |title=Odessa: A Guide |publisher=Raduga Publishers |location= Moscow |oclc= 12344892 }} * {{cite book |last= Makolkin |first= Anna |year= 2004 |title= A History of Odessa, the Last Italian Black Sea Colony |publisher=Edwin Mellen Press |location= Lewiston, NY |isbn=0-7734-6272-4 }} * {{cite book |last= Mazis |first= John Athanasios |year= 2004 |title= The Greeks of Odessa: Diaspora Leadership in Late Imperial Russia |series= East European Monographs |publisher=Columbia University Press |location= New York |isbn= 0-88033-545-9 }} * {{cite book |last= Orbach |first= Alexander |year= 1997 |title= New Voices of Russian Jewry: A Study of the Russian-Jewish Press of Odessa in the Era of the Great Reforms, 1860–1871 |series= Studies in Judaism in Modern Times, No.&nbsp;4 |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |location= Leiden |isbn=90-04-06175-4 }} * {{cite journal |first= Robert A. |last= Rothstein |year= 2001 |title= How It Was Sung in Odessa: At the Intersection of Russian and Yiddish Folk Culture |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_slavic-review_winter-2001_60_4/page/781 |jstor= 2697495 |journal=[[Slavic Review]] |volume= 60 |issue= 4 |pages= 781–801 |doi= 10.2307/2697495 }} * {{cite book |last= Skinner |first= Frederick&nbsp;W. |year= 1986 |chapter= Odessa and the Problem of Urban Modernization |publisher= Indiana University Press |location= Bloomington, Indiana |isbn= 0-253-31370-8 |title= The City in Late Imperial Russia |series= Indiana–Michigan Series in Russian and East European Studies |chapter-url= https://archive.org/details/cityinlateimperi00ons1 }} * {{cite journal |first= Roshanna P. |last= Sylvester |year= 2001 |title= City of Thieves: Moldavanka, Criminality, and Respectability in Prerevolutionary Odessa |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-urban-history_2001-01_27_2/page/131 |journal=Journal of Urban History |volume= 27 |issue= 2 |pages= 131–157 |doi= 10.1177/009614420102700201 |pmid= 18333319 }} * {{cite book |last= Tanny |first= Jarrod |year= 2011 |title= City of Rogues and Schnorrers: Russia's Jews and the Myth of Old Odessa |url= https://archive.org/details/cityofroguesschn0000tann |publisher= Indiana University Press |location= Bloomington, IN |isbn= 978-0-253-35646-8}} (hardcover); ISBN 978-0-253-22328-9}} (paperback) * {{cite book |last= Weinberg |first= Robert |year= 1992 |chapter= The Pogrom of 1905 in Odessa: A Case Study |publisher= Cambridge University Press |location= Cambridge |title= Pogroms: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History |isbn= 0-521-40532-7 |chapter-url= https://archive.org/details/pogromsantijewis00john }} * {{cite book |last= Weinberg |first= Robert |year=1993 |title= The Revolution of 1905 in Odessa: Blood on the Steps |url= https://archive.org/details/revolutionof19050000wein |series= Indiana–Michigan Series in Russian and East European Studies |publisher=Indiana University Press |location= Bloomington, IN |isbn= 0-253-36381-0 }} ** {{cite journal |first= Patricia |last= Herlihy |year= 1994 |title= Review of ''The Revolution of 1905 in Odessa: Blood on the Steps'' by Robert Weinberg |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-social-history_winter-1994_28_2/page/435 |journal=Journal of Social History |volume= 28 |issue= 2 |pages= 435–437 |jstor= 3788930 |doi=10.1353/jsh/28.2.435 }} * {{cite book |last= Zipperstein |first= Steven&nbsp;J. |origyear= 1986|year= 1991 |title= The Jews of Odessa: A Cultural History, 1794–1881 |publisher=Stanford University Press |location= Palo Alto |isbn= 0-8047-1251-4}} (hardcover), ISBN 0-8047-1962-4}} (paperback reprint) {{Refend}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Sister project links|voy=Odessa|Odessa}} <!--PLEASE NOTE, Please alphabetise! When citing a WEBPAGE use: {{cite web |format=dmy |accessyear= }}English --> * {{cite web |url= https://omr.gov.ua/ |title= Official Odessa web page |publisher= Odessa City Council, Information Dept |accessdate= 2019-11-23 |archivedate= 2020-05-13 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20200513051739/https://omr.gov.ua/ }} Ukrainian and Russian * {{cite web |url = http://www.citymap.odessa.ua/map/?lang=1 |title = Official Odessa Map Portal |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100811014942/http://www.citymap.odessa.ua/map/?lang=1 |archive-date = 11 August 2010 |df = dmy-all |accessdate = 2019-11-23 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100811014942/http://www.citymap.odessa.ua/map/?lang=1 |archivedate = 2010-08-11 }} Russian, Ukrainian, and English versions of Maps * {{cite web |url= http://www.eway.in.ua/en/cities/odessa |title= Map of the current public transport routes in Odessa }} English (Ukrainian and Russian versions also available) * [http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=292 The murder of the Jews of Odessa] {{Wayback|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=292 |date=20220129221902 }} during [[World War II]], at [[Yad Vashem]] website. * [https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/odessa The Jewish Community of Odessa,] {{Wayback|url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/odessa |date=20200921060844 }} [[The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot]] * [http://prospekt.estate/odessa-vchera-odessa-segodnya Odessa yesterday. Odessa today. Images gallery. Prospekt Group] {{Wayback|url=http://prospekt.estate/odessa-vchera-odessa-segodnya |date=20160722140647 }} [[Jamii:Miji ya Ukraine]] 2ybpihzvsw5cawlww7t2vt1itew0m2i 0 119404 1615190 1093860 2026-11-07T12:22:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615190 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:MahmutII.jpg|thumb|Mahmud II.]] '''Mahmud II''' (kwa [[Kituruki|Kituruki cha Kiosmani]] : محمود ثاني Mahmud-ı sānī) ([[20 Julai]] [[1785]] - [[1 Julai]] [[1839]]) alikuwa [[Usultani|Sultani]] wa 30 wa [[Milki ya Osmani]] aliyetawala miaka 31 kuanzia [[1808]] hadi [[kifo]] chake. Mahmud alikuwa [[mwana]] wa [[Abdul Hamid I|Sultani Abdül Hamid I]]. Wakati wake kama sultani inakumbukwa kwa kutoka kwa [[Ugiriki]] na [[Serbia]] katika [[utawala]] wa Kiosmani, ongezeko la [[mamlaka]] ya [[mtawala]] wa [[Misri]] [[Muhamad Ali Pasha]] na kuanzishwa kwa matengenezo ya [[Siasa|kisiasa]], [[Sheria|kisheria]], [[Jeshi|kijeshi]] na [[Uchumi|kiuchumi]] kama jaribio la kupunguza udhaifu wa [[milki]] yake kulingana na [[mataifa]] ya [[Ulaya]]. Alielewa umuhimu wa majaribio ya kubadilisha mfumo wa kijeshi wa Waosmani yaliyoanzishwa na [[Sultani Selim III]], mtangulizi na [[binamu]] wake. Selim aliwahi kuuawa na [[wanajeshi]] wa [[Janisari]]. Wajanisari walikuwa kikosi cha [[jeshi]] waliowahi kuwa na sifa kubwa [[karne]] mbili zilizopita walipozawadishwa kwa [[haki]] nyingi na [[mapato]] makubwa; ila tu katika [[mazingira]] ya [[karne ya 18]] na [[Karne ya 19|19]] uwezo wao wa kijeshi ulizidi kupotea. Waliangalia kila badiliko kama tishio kwa uwezo na [[heshima]] yao pia waliwahi kupindua masultani mbalimbali waliojaribu kupunguza haki zao na kutumia mapato kwa vikosi vilivyolingana na majeshi ya Ulaya. [[Mwaka]] [[1826]] alikuta tena upinzani wa Wajanisari dhidi ya kuanzishwa kwa vikosi vipya vya jeshi; hapo Mahmud aliamua kutumia nguvu yote akaangamiza makambi yao kwa [[mizinga]] ya kisasa; Wajanisari waliuawa kwa maelfu na kosi lote lilifutwa. Mahmud alirithi [[vita]] dhidi ya [[Urusi]] ambako hatimaye Waosmani walishindwa, walilazimishwa kukabidhi maeneo ya [[Moldavia]] ya leo kwa Urusi. Baada ya uvamizi wa [[Wasaudia]] katika [[Makka]] na [[Madina]] alimtuma [[gavana]] wa Misri kurudisha [[miji]] chini ya mamlaka yake na hadi mwaka [[1818]] [[emirati]] ya kwanza ya [[familia]] ya Saudi ilibomolewa. Katika sehemu za Ulaya za milki yake aliona majaribio ya wakazi [[Wakristo]] kujitafutia [[uhuru]] wao. Baada ya vita kali alipaswa kuvumilia uhuru wa Ugiriki na nusu uhuru wa Serbia kwenye mwaka [[1830]]. Wakati huohuo sultani alipaswa kukubali uvamizi wa [[Ufaransa]] katika [[Aljeria]] iliyokuwa na hali ya jimbo la kujitawala la Waosmani. Tangu mwaka 1830 sultani alipambana na [[uasi]] wa [[Muhammad Ali Pasha|Muhamad Ali Pasha]], gavana na mtawala wa Misri. Kisheria alikuwa gavana wa sultani, hali halisi alitawala Misri kama [[ufalme]] wake. Aliwahi kutekeleza mabadiliko katika siasa, uchumi na jeshi, hivyo jeshi lake liliweza kushinda lile la sultani. Mwaka [[1832]] jeshi la Muhamad Ali Pasha lilivamia [[Anatolia]] na kuelekea [[Istanbul]]. Mahmud II aliokolewa tu kwa kuingilia kwa Urusi na [[Uingereza]] waliomlazimisha Mmisri kwa matishio kurudisha jeshi lake kwake. [[Ushindi]] wa maadui dhidi yake ulimwonyesha udhaifu wa milki yake. Mahmud alianzisha mabadiliko mengi. Aliimarisha mamlaka ya serikali kuu juu ya magavana wa [[majimbo]]. Aliajiri [[fundi|mafundi]] kutoka [[Marekani]] ili watengeneze [[manowari]] na [[meli]] za kisasa katika Uturuki. Aliagiza matumizi ya [[vitabu]] vya mafundisho kutoka Uingereza katika [[shule]] za jeshi ambako [[Afisa|maafisa]] wote walipaswa kusoma. Alialika washauri wanajeshi kutoka nchi mbalimbali za Ulaya. [[Picha:Sultan tombs Divan Yolu March 2008.JPG|250px|thumb|Kaburi la Mahmud II mjini Istanbul.]] Mahmud II alianza kutembelea mwenyewe majimbo ya milki yake, hatua ambayo haikutokea kabla yake. Alianzisha [[posta]]. Aliunda [[idara]] ya [[sheria]] katika serikali maana hakuacha tena kazi yote ya [[mahakama]] [[Mikono|mikononi]] mwa [[maimamu]] wa kidini. Alianzisha shule za kwanza zisizokuwa za kidini tu. Alianzisha pia [[vyuo]] vya watumishi wa serikali na [[matibabu]]. Aliaga [[Dunia]] mwaka 1839, wakati ambako jeshi la Muhamad Ali Pasha wa Misri lilipigana tena na jeshi la sultani. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya Masultani Waosmani]] ==Marejeo== {{commonscat-inline}} * Levy, Avigdor. "The Officer Corps in Sultan Mahmud II's New Ottoman Army, 1826–39." ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'' (1971) 2#1 pp: 21-39. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200803143254/http://psi424.cankaya.edu.tr/uploads/files/Levy,%20Officers%20Corps%20in%20Mahmud%20II%27s%20Army%20(1971).pdf online] * Levy, Avigdor. "The Ottoman Ulema and the military reforms of Sultan Mahmud II." ''Asian and African Studies'' 7 (1971): 13-39. * Levy, Avigdor. "The Ottoman Corps in Sultan Mahmud II New Ottoman Army." ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'' 1 (1971): pp 39+ * Palmer, Alan. ''The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire'' (1992) ch 6 {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1839]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1785]] [[Jamii:Sultani wa Milki ya Osmani]] tb1ar3mclznyp5lpsyhkogalpfviyqv 2 120716 1615515 1613134 2026-11-08T02:55:28Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615515 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1036 Scholia for Uganda] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1036 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! 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University School of Public Health]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739292|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739292/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6343817|Kabale University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6343817|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6343817/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4917719|Bishop Stuart University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4917719|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4917719/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7877609|Uganda Martyrs University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877609|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877609/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q103019028|MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit On AIDS]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103019028|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103019028/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q136180867|Femrite- Uganda Women Writers Association]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q136180867|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q136180867/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106380835|Hamz App]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106380835|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106380835/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141622676|مجلس إدارة جامعة إنسان الدولية]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q141622676|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q141622676/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q15262105|New Vision Group]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15262105|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15262105/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19903271|Fountain Publishers]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19903271|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19903271/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28223289|Ministry of Health]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223289|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223289/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100948019|Makerere University School of Education]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100948019|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100948019/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q115241692|The Uganda Society]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q115241692|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q115241692/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q121145240|Uganda Library and Information Association]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121145240|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121145240/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q130882836|Afya na Haki Institute]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q130882836|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q130882836/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q14956750|Mulago Hospital]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14956750|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14956750/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16902646|Victoria University Uganda]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16902646|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16902646/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18351712|Insurance Regulatory Authority of Uganda]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18351712|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18351712/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28232201|Uganda Electricity Distribution Company Limited]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28232201|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28232201/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30261875|National Agricultural Research Organisation]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261875|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261875/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30262098|Uganda Industrial Research Institute]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262098|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262098/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30267820|African Field Epidemiology Network]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30296330|Rakai Health Sciences Program]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30296330|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30296330/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5158982|Islamic University in Uganda]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5158982|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5158982/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5617918|Gulu University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5617918|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5617918/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60746495|Uganda National Examinations Board]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60746495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60746495/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7589504|St. Lawrence University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7589504|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7589504/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7877634|Uganda Virus Research Institute]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877634|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877634/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q954747|East African Airways]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} 1tavgbjrc72uxvam32wttx2osmmnriv 2 120720 1615393 1613130 2026-11-07T18:45:08Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615393 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q948 Scholia for Tunesia] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q948 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! 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2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12236035|Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of Tunis]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12236035|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12236035/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q91611455|Faculty of Sciences of Sfax]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q91611455|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q91611455/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100979927|Kairouan Yeshiva]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100979927|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100979927/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12193455|Institut supérieur de théologie de Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193455|51]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193455/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12193512|Higher Institute of Music]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193512|51]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193512/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1003588|Francophonie]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16684287|Higher School of War]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16684287|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16684287/missing|📖]] |- | [[Chuo Kikuu cha Sfax]] | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q540341|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q540341/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56085233|Wikimedians of Tamazight User Group]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12244312|Institut des Hautes Etudes de Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12244312|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12244312/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1291779|Al-Zaytunah Mosque]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1291779|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1291779/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q139770999|Akkad Productions]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q139770999|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q139770999/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16529070|Association for the protection of the medina of Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16529070|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16529070/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22928671|Normal Higher School of Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22928671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22928671/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3152109|Institut de Recherche sur le Maghreb Contemporain]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3152109|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3152109/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3268554|Alaoui Lyceum]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3268554|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3268554/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3513937|Taht Essour]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3513937|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3513937/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108866852|Bouden Cabinet]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108866852|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108866852/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12192657|École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12192657|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12192657/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12206036|Jamʻīyat al-Muʻjamīyah al-ʻArabīyah bi-Tūnis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12206036|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12206036/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q135063577|Merian Centre for Advanced Studies in the Maghreb (MECAM)]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q135063577|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q135063577/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2860551|National Archives of Tunisia]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2860551|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2860551/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3416753|Radio Monastir]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3416753|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3416753/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551596|University of Jendouba]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551596|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551596/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551602|University of Kairouan]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551602|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551602/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551673|University of Sousse]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551673|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551673/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551710|Manouba University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551710|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551710/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4672520|Access Now]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672520|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672520/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q586066|Tunisian Communist Party]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q586066|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q586066/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q649578|University of Gabès]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649578|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649578/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q852223|Carthage University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q852223|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q852223/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96271739|Histoire des Économies et des Sociétés Méditerranéennes]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96271739|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96271739/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96272020|LR16AGR01]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272020|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272020/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96272176|LR18ES30]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272176|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272176/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} oib40j6rx2u327jquhycjbj6co27gg0 0 121305 1615676 1614043 2026-11-08T11:52:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615676 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Altar_of_the_church_of_Libyan_Martyrs_in_Minya.jpg|thumb|[[Altare]] ya [[Kanisa (jengo)|kanisa]] lao huko [[Minya]], [[Misri]].]] '''Wafiadini Wakopti wa Libya''' ni [[Wakristo]] 20 [[Wakopti|wa Kikopti]] kutoka [[Misri]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/16/uk-mideast-crisis-egypt-village-idUKKBN0LK1L420150216|title=Thousands mourn Egyptian victims of Islamic State in disbelief|publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=16 Feb 2015|accessdate=26 Feb 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225124231/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/16/uk-mideast-crisis-egypt-village-idUKKBN0LK1L420150216|archive-date=25 February 2015|url-status=dead|archivedate=2015-02-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225124231/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/16/uk-mideast-crisis-egypt-village-idUKKBN0LK1L420150216}}</ref> na [[Matthew Ayariga]] kutoka [[Ghana]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=346906|title=Ghanaian beheaded in Libya?|website=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=30 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629111104/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=346906|archive-date=29 June 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.talkleft.com/story/2015/2/19/54349/6959/wariniraq/Libya-s-Mystery-Beach-and-the-21st-Victim|title=Libya's Mystery Beach and the 21st Victim - TalkLeft: The Politics Of Crime|website=www.talkleft.com|accessdate=30 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012072844/http://www.talkleft.com/story/2015/2/19/54349/6959/wariniraq/Libya-s-Mystery-Beach-and-the-21st-Victim|archive-date=12 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|title=February anniversary of the brutal murder of 21 Coptic Christians in Libya one year ago.|date=2016-02-12|work=DavidAlton.net|access-date=2018-03-17|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080754/https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.cknnigeria.com/2015/02/ghanaian-christian-among-those-beheaded.html|title=Ghanaian Christian Among Those Beheaded By ISIS|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213135107/http://www.cknnigeria.com/2015/02/ghanaian-christian-among-those-beheaded.html|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.heraldmalaysia.com/news/the-bodies-of-the-coptic-martyrs-beheaded-by-isis-found-in-libya/38712/1|title=The bodies of the Coptic Martyrs beheaded by Isis found in Libya|last=Online.|first=Herald Malaysia|website=Herald Malaysia Online|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080419/http://www.heraldmalaysia.com/news/the-bodies-of-the-coptic-martyrs-beheaded-by-isis-found-in-libya/38712/1|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghanaian-beheaded-in-Libya-346906|title=Ghanaian beheaded in Libya?|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195147/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghanaian-beheaded-in-Libya-346906|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cronaca/2017/10/9/CRISTIANI-COPTI-DECAPITATI-DALL-ISIS-Sirte-rinvenuti-21-corpi-in-una-fossa-comune/786441/|title=CRISTIANI COPTI DECAPITATI DALL'ISIS/ Sirte, rinvenuti 21 corpi in una fossa comune|work=Il Sussidiario.net|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195121/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cronaca/2017/10/9/CRISTIANI-COPTI-DECAPITATI-DALL-ISIS-Sirte-rinvenuti-21-corpi-in-una-fossa-comune/786441/|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2018-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195121/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cronaca/2017/10/9/CRISTIANI-COPTI-DECAPITATI-DALL-ISIS-Sirte-rinvenuti-21-corpi-in-una-fossa-comune/786441/}}</ref> waliotekwa na [[Waislamu]] wenye [[itikadi kali]] wa [[Daish]] huko [[Sirte]], [[Libya]], walipokuwa wanafanya [[kazi]] ya [[ujenzi]] tarehe [[27 Desemba]] [[2014]] na mnamo Januari [[2015]].<ref name="aljaz">{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/02/isil-video-execution-egyptian-christian-hostages-libya-150215193050277.html|title=ISIL video shows Christian Egyptians beheaded in Libya|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=16 Feb 2015|accessdate=16 Feb 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128220526/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/02/isil-video-execution-egyptian-christian-hostages-libya-150215193050277.html|archive-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Matukio ya [[dhuluma]] dhidi ya Wamisri nchini Libya yalianza katika [[miaka ya 1950]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.merip.org/mero/mero031715|title=The Politics of Egyptian Migration to Libya|last=Tsourapas|first=Gerasimos|date=17 March 2015|website=Middle East Research and Information Project|publisher=|access-date=2016-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111193445/http://www.merip.org/mero/mero031715|archive-date=11 November 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hatimaye waliuawa kwa kukatwa [[kichwa]] kwa ajili ya [[imani]] yao<ref>Later, when one of the perpetrators of the operation was arrested, he admitted in the investigation that the slaughter had taken place at the beach opposite Al Mahary Hotel in [[Sirte]].{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.alarabiya.net/ar/north-africa/2017/10/07/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7.html|title=ليبيا.. اعترافات مثيرة للشاهد على ذبح الأقباط|website=www.alarabiya.net|language=ar|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407154831/http://www.alarabiya.net/ar/north-africa/2017/10/07/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7.html|archive-date=2018-04-07|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/2589441|title="البنيان المرصوص" تكشف التفاصيل الكاملة لذبح الأقباط المصريين في ليبيا|date=2017-10-07|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080218/https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/2589441|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.youm7.com/story/2017/10/7/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%89-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%81-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF/3445520|title=داعشى يعترف بالتفاصيل الكاملة لاغتيال المصريين فى سرت الليبية بعد القبض عليه.. الإرهابى أبو عامر الجزراوى قاد المجموعة المجرمة.. وعناصر من تونس وليبيا شاركت فى الجريمة النكراء.. والسلطات تستخرج رفات الضحايا - اليوم السابع|date=2017-10-07|work=اليوم السابع|access-date=2018-03-17|language=ar-Ar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221074604/http://www.youm7.com/story/2017/10/7/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%89-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%81-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF/3445520|archive-date=2018-02-21|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.eremnews.com/news/arab-world/1017662|title=بالصور.. التفاصيل الكاملة لقصة ذبح الأقباط المصريين في سرت الليبية|work=إرم نيوز|access-date=2018-03-17|language=ar-AR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213021850/https://www.eremnews.com/news/arab-world/1017662|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2018-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213021850/https://www.eremnews.com/news/arab-world/1017662}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.albawabhnews.com/2745714|title=بعد العثور على رفات الضحايا.. تفاصيل ذبح المصريين بليبيا|work=البوابة نيوز|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330062714/http://www.albawabhnews.com/2745714|archive-date=2018-03-30|url-status=live|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2018-03-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330062714/http://www.albawabhnews.com/2745714}}</ref>, kama ilivyoonyeshwa katika [[video]] tarehe [[15 Februari]] 2015<ref>[http://www.ramanmedianetwork.com/isis-video-shows-mass-beheading-of-christian-hostages/#sthash.dRBC2ygW.dpuf Raman Media network: "ISIS Video Shows Mass Beheading of Christian Hostages" by Rakash Raman] February 16, 2015</ref>. [[Kifo]] chao kilithibishwa na [[serikali]] na [[Kanisa]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2015/02/14/libyan-parliament-confirms-death-21-kidnapped-coptic-egyptians/ |title=Libyan parliament confirms death of 21 kidnapped Coptic Egyptians |newspaper=[[Daily News Egypt]] |author=Mahmoud Mostafa |date=February 14, 2015 |accessdate=16 Feb 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215224401/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2015/02/14/libyan-parliament-confirms-death-21-kidnapped-coptic-egyptians/ |archivedate=February 15, 2015 }}</ref>. Tarehe [[21 Februari]] 2015 [[Patriarki]] [[Tawadros II]] wa [[Alexandria]] aliwatangaza kuwa [[watakatifu]]<ref name="Vatican radio">{{cite web | url=http://www.news.va/en/news/coptic-church-recognizes-martyrdom-of-21-coptic-ch | title=Coptic Church Recognizes Martyrdom of 21 Coptic Christians | date=21 February 2015 | accessdate=21 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012065659/http://www.news.va/en/news/coptic-church-recognizes-martyrdom-of-21-coptic-ch | archive-date=12 October 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref>. Kwa ruhusa yake, [[Papa Fransisko]] aliwaingiza katika [[Martyrologium Romanum]]. [[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa tarehe ya [[kifodini]] chao, 15 Februari. ==Majina yao== Ni kama ifuatavyo<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ahram-canada.com/50972/|title=ماثيو " شهيد المسيح " قريبا فى مصر . - جريدة الأهرام الجديد الكندية|publisher=|access-date=2017-11-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201030649/http://www.ahram-canada.com/50972/|archive-date=2017-12-01|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|title=February anniversary of the brutal murder of 21 Coptic Christians in Libya one year ago.|date=12 February 2016|publisher=|access-date=13 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080754/https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|archive-date=13 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.youm7.com/story/2015/2/16/%D9%86%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8021-%D8%B6%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7/2068977 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180325100855/http://www.youm7.com/story/2015/2/16/%D9%86%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8021-%D8%B6%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7/2068977 |archive-date=2018-03-25 |url-status=live </ref>: {| class="wikitable" |- | Bishoy Adel Khalaf || Samuel Alhoam Wilson || Hany Abdel-Masih Salib |- | Melad Mackeen Zaki || Abanoub Ayad Attia || Ezzat Bushra Nassif |- | Yousef Shokry Younan || Kirillos Shukry Fawzy || Majed Suleiman Shehata |- | Somali Stéphanos Kamel || Malak Ibrahim Siniot || Bishoy Stéphanos Kamel |- | Mena Fayez Aziz || Girgis Melad Sniout || Tawadros Youssef Tawadros |- | Essam Badr Samir || Luke Ngati || Jaber Mounir Adly |- | Malak Faraj Abram || Sameh Salah Farouk || Matthew Ayariga |} ==Mwendelezo== Mnamo [[19 Aprili]] [[2015]], Daish ilisambaza video nyingine iliyoonyesha uuaji wa Wakristo [[Waethiopia]] 30 hivi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/04/19/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-ethiopians-in-libya.html|title=ISIS releases video purportedly showing killing of Ethiopian Christians in Libya|date=20 April 2015|publisher=|access-date=21 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522041258/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/04/19/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-ethiopians-in-libya.html|archive-date=22 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-islamicstate-killings/islamic-state-shoots-and-beheads-30-ethiopian-christians-in-libya-video-idUSKBN0NA0IE20150419|title=Islamic State shoots and beheads 30 Ethiopian Christians in Libya:...|first=Sylvia|last=Westall|publisher=|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706111023/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-islamicstate-killings/islamic-state-shoots-and-beheads-30-ethiopian-christians-in-libya-video-idUSKBN0NA0IE20150419|archive-date=2018-07-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/20/world/middleeast/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-of-ethiopian-christians.html|title=ISIS Video Appears to Show Executions of Ethiopian Christians in Libya|publisher=|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706104013/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/20/world/middleeast/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-of-ethiopian-christians.html|archive-date=2018-07-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/04/isil-claims-massacre-ethiopian-christians-libya-150419104309814.html|title=ISIL claims massacre of Ethiopian Christians in Libya|website=[[Aljazeera.com]]|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529202921/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/04/isil-claims-massacre-ethiopian-christians-libya-150419104309814.html|archive-date=2018-05-29|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/video/news/video-1176709/ISIS-behead-shoot-30-Ethiopian-Christians-Libya.html|title=ISIS behead and shoot 30 Ethiopian Christians in Libya|website=Mail Online|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612214617/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/video/news/video-1176709/ISIS-behead-shoot-30-Ethiopian-Christians-Libya.html|archive-date=2018-06-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/04/19/africa/libya-isis-executions-ethiopian-christians/index.html|title=ISIS executes more Christians in Libya, video shows|first=Eliott C.|last=McLaughlin|work=CNN|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529131930/https://www.cnn.com/2015/04/19/africa/libya-isis-executions-ethiopian-christians/index.html|archive-date=2018-05-29|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Martin Mosebach]] aliandika kitabu juu yao: ''The 21 - A Journey into the Land of Coptic Martyrs.''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thetablet.co.uk/columnists/3/15609/lots-of-coptic-clergy-were-rubbing-shoulders-with-members-of-the-bruderhof|title=Lots of Coptic clergy were rubbing shoulders with members of the Bruderhof|website=The Tablet|language=en|access-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212020026/https://www.thetablet.co.uk/columnists/3/15609/lots-of-coptic-clergy-were-rubbing-shoulders-with-members-of-the-bruderhof|archive-date=2019-12-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist|30em}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191115150957/http://lacopts.org/news/updated-list-of-the-names-of-the-new-martyrs-of-libya/ Updated list of the names of the new martrys of Libya] {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa karne ya 20]] [[Category:Waliofariki 2015]] [[Category:Wakopti]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ghana]] oei027n8scp7uyndvfis0a6v3e3shy6 0 121786 1615370 1267975 2026-11-07T17:20:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615370 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asavyo''' (unajulikana pia kama '''Bara Ale''') <ref>{{cite web |title=Springer Images Map |url=http://www.springerimages.com/Images/Geosciences/1-10.1007_s00445-004-0362-x-14 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313192711/http://www.springerimages.com/Images/Geosciences/1-10.1007_s00445-004-0362-x-14 |archivedate=2012-03-13 |accessdate=2020-02-29 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ni [[mlima]] wenye [[tindikali]] nyingi za asili za stratovolikano ndani ya [[Ethiopia]], inayounda sehemu ya Bidu Volcanic complex. Iko katika [[umbali]] wa [[kilomita]] 20 [[kusini]] [[magharibi]] kwa [[volikano]] za ''Nabro'' na ''Mallahle''. Asavyo ina [[upana]] wa kilomita 12. Asavyo ni mlima wa tatu kati ya milima mikubwa yenye asili ya [[silikoni]] katika maeneo ya Kusini-Magharibi na uliopo Kaskazini-Maghariki-Kusini Magharibi mwa ''Danaki''. Una [[upana]] wa kilomita 12, tawi la kilele cha volkano. [[Lava]] za Basaltiki zinamwagika katika matawi ya '''Asavyo''', yanayounganisha uwanda wa Mogorros Kusini. Ingawa miaka ya volkano haijulikani kwa uhakika, '''Asavyo''' inatambulika kuwa ililipuka katika miaka ya [[2000]]. (Jumuiya ya Kimataifa ya Elimu ya Volkano). ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-jio-Ethiopia}} [[Jamii:Milima ya Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Volkeno]] m5mv7u2q9xu4pwtuzw0hwhmax454s17 0 125356 1615319 1479222 2026-11-07T14:56:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615319 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Ushairi ya Welisi''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''Welsh Poetry Competition'') ni [[mashindano]] ya kila [[mwaka]] ya [[mashairi]] ya Kiingereza, na ni [[tuzo]] kubwa ya kipekee nchini [[Uingereza]] <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/about/ |title=Official website |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423223844/http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/about/ |archivedate=2020-04-23 |accessdate=2020-04-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. Tuzo hizi zilianzishwa [[mwaka]] [[2007]] na Welsh poet kwa ushirikiano na [[mpigapicha]] Dave Lewis. Majaji wa mashindano hayo ni [[washairi]] wa [[Welisi]], John Evans, Mike Jenkins, Eloise Williams, Sally Spedding na Kathy Miles mshindi wa tuzo za ''Bridport Prize''. Muandaji Dave Lewis amehariri na kuchapisha miswada ya washindi ya wa tuzo hizo ''The First Five Years''<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=f59RAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Welsh+Poetry+Competition%22+-wikipedia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQm6u6ppLeAhWHbsAKHdL5DRoQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22Welsh%20Poetry%20Competition%22%20-wikipedia&f=false 'The First Five Years']''The First Five Years''</ref> na ''Ten Years On''.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=q4oLMQAACAAJ&dq=%22Welsh+Poetry+Competition%22+-wikipedia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQm6u6ppLeAhWHbsAKHdL5DRoQ6AEILjAB 'Ten Years On']''Ten Years On''</ref> ==Washindi== *2019 Damen O'Brien ([[Australia]]), ''The Map-Makers Tale''<ref>[https://www.literaturewales.org/lw-news/damen-obrien-wins-welsh-poetry-competition/ 1st Prize goes to Australian poet Damen O'Brien] {{Wayback|url=https://www.literaturewales.org/lw-news/damen-obrien-wins-welsh-poetry-competition/ |date=20190710120959 }}. ''Literature Wales''. Retrieved 10 July 2019.</ref> *2018 Judy Durrant ([[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria, Australia]]), ''Prayer To A Jacaranda'' *2017 Rae Howells ([[Swansea]], Welisi), ''Airlings'', ''Literature Wales''. *2016 Tarquin Landseer ([[London]], [[Uingereza]]), ''Blackfish''<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/rhulenglish/photos/pb.645721955460913.-2207520000.1474216008./1253931464639956/?type=3&theater Congratulations to Tarquin Landseer, Creative Writing MA Poetry and Poetics student, who has won first prize in the International Welsh Poetry Competition 2016 ] ''University of Royal Holloway Facebook page''. Retrieved 23 August 2016.</ref> *2015 Mick Evans (Carmarthenshire, Welisi), ''Map Makers'' *2014 Kathy Miles (Cardigan, Welisi), ''The Pain Game''<ref>[https://americymru.net/americymru/blog/4171/kathy-miles-wins-welsh-poetry-competition Americymru] {{Wayback|url=https://americymru.net/americymru/blog/4171/kathy-miles-wins-welsh-poetry-competition |date=20240129040719 }}. ''Americymru news''. 1 December May 2014.</ref> *2013 Josie Turner (Uingereza), ''Rations''<ref>[http://bookapoet.blogspot.com/2013/07/josie-turner-wins-welsh-poetry.html Book a Poet]. ''Book A Poet''.</ref> *2012 Sally Spedding (Welisi), ''She wears green''<ref>[http://www.sallyspedding.com/excerpts.html Excerpts from her writing career] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sallyspedding.com/excerpts.html |date=20200122130943 }}. ''Excerpts from her writing career''.</ref> *2011 David J Costello (Wirral, Uingereza), ''Horseshoe Bat''<ref>[https://www.writeoutloud.net/public/blogentry.php?blogentryid=22167 Write Out Loud] ''Write Out Loud news''.</ref> *2010 Sally Spedding (Ammanford, Welisi), ''Litzmannstadt 1941''<ref>[https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/its-no-mystery-who-deserves-1903459 It’s no mystery who deserves writers’ prize] ''Wales Online''. Retrieved 19 August 2010.</ref> *2009 John Gallas (Leicestershire, Uingereza), ''The origami lesson''<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=f59RAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA195&lpg=PA195&dq=john+gallas+welsh+poetry+anthology&source=bl&ots=ql9i6xDCym&sig=1g7yjLFUqTlrFVjVcZpk_k-am0E&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiunoiU7KndAhWFLcAKHfG7BdQQ6AEwCXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=john%20gallas%20welsh%20poetry%20anthology&f=false Welsh Poetry Competition Anthology 2011] ''The First Five Years 2007-2011''.</ref> *2008 Emily Hinshelwood (Ammanford, Welisi), ''Visually Speaking''<ref>[https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/welsh-poetry-winners-announced-2160122 Wales Online article] ''Wales Online''.</ref> *2007 Gavin Price ([[Cardiff]], Welisi), ''Concrete''<ref>[http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/winners-2007/ 1st ever winner of the international Welsh Poetry Competition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/winners-2007/ |date=20200423224004 }} ''Official website''.</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-fasihi}} [[Jamii:ushairi]] [[Jamii:Tuzo]] kv5wa57hs3vmf9fch4asxsoy24q6qba 1615475 1615319 2026-11-07T23:26:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615475 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Ushairi ya Welisi''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''Welsh Poetry Competition'') ni [[mashindano]] ya kila [[mwaka]] ya [[mashairi]] ya Kiingereza, na ni [[tuzo]] kubwa ya kipekee nchini [[Uingereza]] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/about/ |title=Official website |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423223844/http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/about/ |archivedate=2020-04-23 |accessdate=2020-04-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. Tuzo hizi zilianzishwa [[mwaka]] [[2007]] na Welsh poet kwa ushirikiano na [[mpigapicha]] Dave Lewis. Majaji wa mashindano hayo ni [[washairi]] wa [[Welisi]], John Evans, Mike Jenkins, Eloise Williams, Sally Spedding na Kathy Miles mshindi wa tuzo za ''Bridport Prize''. Muandaji Dave Lewis amehariri na kuchapisha miswada ya washindi ya wa tuzo hizo ''The First Five Years''<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=f59RAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Welsh+Poetry+Competition%22+-wikipedia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQm6u6ppLeAhWHbsAKHdL5DRoQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22Welsh%20Poetry%20Competition%22%20-wikipedia&f=false 'The First Five Years']''The First Five Years''</ref> na ''Ten Years On''.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=q4oLMQAACAAJ&dq=%22Welsh+Poetry+Competition%22+-wikipedia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQm6u6ppLeAhWHbsAKHdL5DRoQ6AEILjAB 'Ten Years On']''Ten Years On''</ref> ==Washindi== *2019 Damen O'Brien ([[Australia]]), ''The Map-Makers Tale''<ref>[https://www.literaturewales.org/lw-news/damen-obrien-wins-welsh-poetry-competition/ 1st Prize goes to Australian poet Damen O'Brien] {{Wayback|url=https://www.literaturewales.org/lw-news/damen-obrien-wins-welsh-poetry-competition/ |date=20190710120959 }}. ''Literature Wales''. Retrieved 10 July 2019.</ref> *2018 Judy Durrant ([[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria, Australia]]), ''Prayer To A Jacaranda'' *2017 Rae Howells ([[Swansea]], Welisi), ''Airlings'', ''Literature Wales''. *2016 Tarquin Landseer ([[London]], [[Uingereza]]), ''Blackfish''<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/rhulenglish/photos/pb.645721955460913.-2207520000.1474216008./1253931464639956/?type=3&theater Congratulations to Tarquin Landseer, Creative Writing MA Poetry and Poetics student, who has won first prize in the International Welsh Poetry Competition 2016 ] ''University of Royal Holloway Facebook page''. Retrieved 23 August 2016.</ref> *2015 Mick Evans (Carmarthenshire, Welisi), ''Map Makers'' *2014 Kathy Miles (Cardigan, Welisi), ''The Pain Game''<ref>[https://americymru.net/americymru/blog/4171/kathy-miles-wins-welsh-poetry-competition Americymru] {{Wayback|url=https://americymru.net/americymru/blog/4171/kathy-miles-wins-welsh-poetry-competition |date=20240129040719 }}. ''Americymru news''. 1 December May 2014.</ref> *2013 Josie Turner (Uingereza), ''Rations''<ref>[http://bookapoet.blogspot.com/2013/07/josie-turner-wins-welsh-poetry.html Book a Poet]. ''Book A Poet''.</ref> *2012 Sally Spedding (Welisi), ''She wears green''<ref>[http://www.sallyspedding.com/excerpts.html Excerpts from her writing career] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sallyspedding.com/excerpts.html |date=20200122130943 }}. ''Excerpts from her writing career''.</ref> *2011 David J Costello (Wirral, Uingereza), ''Horseshoe Bat''<ref>[https://www.writeoutloud.net/public/blogentry.php?blogentryid=22167 Write Out Loud] ''Write Out Loud news''.</ref> *2010 Sally Spedding (Ammanford, Welisi), ''Litzmannstadt 1941''<ref>[https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/its-no-mystery-who-deserves-1903459 It’s no mystery who deserves writers’ prize] ''Wales Online''. Retrieved 19 August 2010.</ref> *2009 John Gallas (Leicestershire, Uingereza), ''The origami lesson''<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=f59RAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA195&lpg=PA195&dq=john+gallas+welsh+poetry+anthology&source=bl&ots=ql9i6xDCym&sig=1g7yjLFUqTlrFVjVcZpk_k-am0E&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiunoiU7KndAhWFLcAKHfG7BdQQ6AEwCXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=john%20gallas%20welsh%20poetry%20anthology&f=false Welsh Poetry Competition Anthology 2011] ''The First Five Years 2007-2011''.</ref> *2008 Emily Hinshelwood (Ammanford, Welisi), ''Visually Speaking''<ref>[https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/welsh-poetry-winners-announced-2160122 Wales Online article] ''Wales Online''.</ref> *2007 Gavin Price ([[Cardiff]], Welisi), ''Concrete''<ref>[http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/winners-2007/ 1st ever winner of the international Welsh Poetry Competition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.welshpoetry.co.uk/winners-2007/ |date=20200423224004 }} ''Official website''.</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-fasihi}} [[Jamii:ushairi]] [[Jamii:Tuzo]] enwctacstxk97lkvkvcs92kndbydf9q 2 129661 1615528 1128904 2026-11-08T04:13:59Z ListeriaBot 32008 Wikidata list updated [V2] 1615528 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Commissioner for the Dar es Salaam Region who was Commissioner twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q97621126 } |section= |sort=P39/Q97621126/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q97621126/P580:Start date,P39/Q97621126/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q97621152|Aboubakar Kunenge]]'' | | [[Tanzania]] | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} t3frm5ld36lixm6sd0wd97bwu0shwc8 0 133652 1615622 1577373 2026-11-08T08:45:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ubebaji Mke''' ('''Kifini:''' eukonkanto au akankanto, '''Kiestonia:''' naisekandmine, '''Kiswidi:''' kärringkånk, '''Kiingereza:''' Wife-Carrying) ni [[mashindano]] ambayo washindani wa kiume hukimbia katika njia maalum yenye vikwazo zaidi wakati kila mmoja amembeba mwenzake wa kike. Mchezo huo ulianzishwa huko Sonkajärvi, [[Ufini|nchini Ufini]]. Aina kadhaa za kubeba zinaweza kutumika: ubebaji juu ya mabega, au mtindo wa Kiestonia (mke anakuwa kichwa chini na miguu juu ya shingo na mabega ya [[mwanaume]]).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=What is Wife-Carrying?|url=https://mentalitch.com/what-is-wife-carrying/|work=Mental Itch|accessdate=2021-03-17|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wife Carrying {{!}} Cultures and Customs|url=https://sites.psu.edu/mgeitnerrcl/2014/04/04/wife-carrying/|work=sites.psu.edu|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=2020-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811002747/https://sites.psu.edu/mgeitnerrcl/2014/04/04/wife-carrying/}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wife Carrying Official Rules and History|url=https://www.fredericksd.com/wife-carrying|accessdate=2021-03-17|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414004608/https://www.fredericksd.com/wife-carrying|archivedate=2021-04-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Historia == Ubebaji Mke ilitokea [[Ufini|nchini Ufini.]] Hadithi zimepitishwa kwa mtu anayeitwa Herkko Rosvo-Ronkainen (ajulikanaye kama Ronkainen the ʻRobber).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wife-carrying is a thing. This man and woman are world champs|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/2154287/wife-carrying-thing-finland-man-and-woman-are-world-champions|work=South China Morning Post|date=2018-07-08|accessdate=2021-03-17|language=en}}</ref> Mtu huyu alichukuliwa kama mnyang'anyi mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1800, aliishi msituni, na alikimbia na kundi lake la wezi wakisababisha madhara vijijini. Kutoka na yale yaliyopatikana, kuna maoni matatu juu ya kwanini / jinsi mchezo huu ulivumbuliwa. Kwanza, kwamba Rosvo-Ronkainen na wezi wake walituhumiwa kwa kuiba chakula na kuwateka wanawake kutoka vijiji katika eneo alilokuwa akiishi, kisha kuwabeba wanawake hawa migongoni wanapokimbia. Pendekezo la pili ni kwamba vijana wangeenda kwenye vijiji jirani, na kuwateka wanawake na kuwaoa kwa nguvu na mara nyingi wanawake hao ni wale ambao walikuwa tayari wamekwisha kuolewa. Vijana hawa pia waliwabeba hao wanawake migongoni: hii ilijulikana kama "mazoea ya kuiba wanawake. Mwishowe, ni wazo kwamba Rosvo-Ronkainen aliwafundisha wezi wake kuwa "wepesi na [[hodari]]" kwa kubeba mifuko mikubwa mizito migongoni mwao, ambayo ilipelekea kuvumbuliwa kwa [[mchezo]] huu<ref name=":0" />.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wife Carrying Is the Latest Strength Sport for Couples|url=https://barbend.com/wife-carrying-strength-sport-couples/|work=BarBend|date=2016-11-16|accessdate=2021-03-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916093619/https://barbend.com/wife-carrying-strength-sport-couples/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ubebaji Mke ni mashindano ambayo yamefanyika [[Australia]], [[Marekani]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Uhindi]], [[Ujerumani]], [[Uingereza]] na maeneo mengine ya [[ulimwengu]] kando na [[Ufini]] na [[Uswidi]] wa karibu na [[Estonia]] na [[Latvia]], na mchezo huo una kitengo katika [[Kitabu cha kumbukumbu cha Guinness]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Strange Sport of Wife Carrying {{!}} bettor.com|url=http://blogs.bettor.com/The-Strange-Sport-of-Wife-Carrying-a15233|work=web.archive.org|date=2011-02-19|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=2011-02-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219161852/http://blogs.bettor.com/The-Strange-Sport-of-Wife-Carrying-a15233}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wife Carrying World Championship|url=https://www.funny-jokes.com/wife-carrying-world-championship.htm|work=Funny Jokes|accessdate=2021-03-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413205815/https://www.funny-jokes.com/wife-carrying-world-championship.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.theskichannel.com/news/skinews/20101009/Maine-couple-wins-North-American-Wife-Carrying-Championship-at-Sunday-River-Ski-Resort |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2021-03-17 |archivedate=2011-10-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001022956/http://www.theskichannel.com/news/skinews/20101009/Maine-couple-wins-North-American-Wife-Carrying-Championship-at-Sunday-River-Ski-Resort }}</ref> == Sheria za Mchezo == Mashindano ya asili yalifanyika katika eneo lenye miamba, lenye mawe na uzio na vijito, lakini baadae likabadilishwa ili kuendana na hali za kisasa. Sasa kuna mchanga badala ya miamba na mawe, uzio, na eneo lililojazwa maji (dimbwi). Zifuatazo ni sheria zilizowekwa na Kamati ya kimataifa ya mashindano ya Ubebaji Mke. * Urefu wa njia rasmi ni mita 253. * Njia hiyo ina vizuizi viwili kavu na kikwazo cha maji chenye kina cha urefu wa karibu mita moja. * Mke wa kubebwa anaweza kuwa wako mwenyewe, au wa jirani, au unaweza kuwa umemkuta katika mashindano; lazima, hata hivyo, awe na zaidi ya umri wa miaka 17. * Uzito wa chini wa mke kubeba ni kilo 49. Ikiwa ana uzito chini ya kilo 49, atabebeshwa begi lililo na uzito wa ziada ili kuleta mzigo wote wa kubeba hadi kilo 49. * Washiriki wote lazima wafurahie. * Vifaa pekee vinavyoruhusiwa ni mkanda unaovaliwa na mbebaji na kofia ya usalama iliyovaliwa na waliobeba. * Washiriki hukimbia mbio jozi mbili kwa wakati, kwa hivyo kila joto ni mashindano yenyewe. * Kila mshiriki hujali usalama wake na, ikionekana ni muhimu awe na bima. * Washiriki wanapaswa kuzingatia maagizo yaliyotolewa na waandaaji wa shindano. * Kuna kitengo kimoja tu katika Mashindano ya Dunia, na mshindi ni wenzi ambao wanamaliza kozi hiyo kwa muda mfupi zaidi. * Pia, wenzi wenye kuonyesha burudani zaidi, mavazi bora, na mbebaji hodari watapewa tuzo maalum. Wakati sheria za Kimataifa ni msingi wa mashindano yote, sheria na zawadi zinatofautiana kwa kila mashindano. Mashindano ya Dunia ya Ubebaji MKe yamekuwa yakifanyika kila mwaka huko Sonkajärvi, nchini Ufini, tangu 1992 (ambapo tuzo ni bia kulingana na uzito wa mke).<ref>{{Citation|last=Jurvetson|first=Steve|title=World “Wife Carry” Championships|date=2004-09-29|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/jurvetson/641867/|access-date=2021-03-17}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Plantation couple win beer, silver medal at Wife Carrying World Championships|url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/features/fl-fea-plantation-couple-wins-silver-at-the-20170713-story.html|work=sun-sentinel.com|accessdate=2021-03-17|author=Cady Herring}}</ref> == Mabingwa wa Dunia == * 2019 - [[:en:Vytautas_Kirkliauskas|Vytautas Kirkliauskas]] (Lithuania) na [[:en:Neringa_Kirkliauskiene|Neringa Kirkliauskiene]] (Lithuania), Sekunde 66.7 . * 2018 - Vytautas Kirkliauskas (Lithuania) na Neringa Kirkliauskiene (Lithuania), Sekunde 65.1. * 2017 – [[:en:Taisto_Miettinen|Taisto Miettinen]] (Finland) na Kristiina Haapanen (Finland), Sekunde 68.6. * 2016 – [[:en:Dmitry_Sagal|Dmitry Sagal]] (Russia) na [[:en:Anastasia_Loginova|Anastasia Loginova]] (Russia), Sekunde 62.7. * 2015 – Ville Parviainen (Finland) na Sari Viljanen (Finland), Sekunde 62.7. * 2014 – Ville Parviainen (Finland) na Janette Oksman (Finland), sekunde 63.7. * 2013 – [[:en:Taisto_Miettinen|Taisto Miettinen]] (Finland) na Kristiina Haapanen (Finland), Sekunde 65.0.<ref>The Daily Telegraph, 10 July 2013, [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/10170324/Finland-hosts-annual-wife-carrying-world-championships.html Finland hosts annual wife-carrying world championships] {{Wayback|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/10170324/Finland-hosts-annual-wife-carrying-world-championships.html |date=20200809153109 }}, Imewekwa mnamo 17/03/2021.</ref> * 2012 – [[:en:Taisto_Miettinen|Taisto Miettinen]] (Finland) na Kristiina Haapanen (Finland), Sekunde 61.2. * 2011 – [[:en:Taisto_Miettinen|Taisto Miettinen]] (Finland) na Kristiina Haapanen (Finland), Sekunde 60.7.<ref name="The Age">{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/world/wifecarrying-team-defends-title-20110703-1gwz9.html|title=Wife-carrying team defends title|publisher=The Age|date=2011-07-03|access-date=2011-07-03|location=Melbourne}}</ref> * 2010 – [[:en:Taisto_Miettinen|Taisto Miettinen]] (Finland) na Kristiina Haapanen (Finland), Sekunde 64.9. * 2009 – [[:en:Taisto_Miettinen|Taisto Miettinen]] (Finland) na Kristiina Haapanen (Finland), Sekunde 62.0. * 2008 – Alar Voogla (Estonia) na Kirsti Viltrop (Estonia), Sekunde 61.9.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=69900b5e-4e98-4e46-961d-6e94b7cda749|title=Wives in Finland worth their weight in beer|publisher=Canada.com|date=2008-07-06|access-date=2010-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108023305/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=69900b5e-4e98-4e46-961d-6e94b7cda749|archive-date=2012-01-08|url-status=dead|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=2012-01-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108023305/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=69900b5e-4e98-4e46-961d-6e94b7cda749}}</ref> * 2007 – Madis Uusorg (Estonia) na Inga Klauso (Estonia), Sekunde 61.7.<ref name="Estonia dominates">{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.triplem.com.au/brisbane/win/grill-team-wife-carrying-championships-2013/|access-date=18 January 2013|work=triplem.com.au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111193340/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2007-07-10/estonia-dominates-wife-carrying-championships/94496|archive-date=January 11, 2016|url-status=dead|title=Estonia dominates wife-carrying championships|date=July 9, 2007}}</ref> * 2006 – Margo Uusorg (Estonia) na Sandra Kullas (Estonia), Sekunde 56.9.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200607/s1676565.htm|title=Estonians reign at wife-carrying championships|publisher=ABC News Online|agency=Reuters|date=2006-07-02|access-date=2010-07-11|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070307100751/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200607/s1676565.htm|archive-date=2007-03-07}}</ref> * 2005 – Margo Uusorg (Estonia) na Egle Soll (Estonia), Sekunde 59.1.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200507/s1405669.htm|title=Estonians snatch world wife-carrying title again|publisher=ABC News Online|agency=Reuters|date=2005-07-03|access-date=2010-07-11}}</ref> * 2004 – Madis Uusorg (Estonia) na Inga Klauso (Estonia), Sekunde 65.3.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3865227.stm|title=Estonian carries 'wife' to glory|publisher=BBC News|date=2004-07-04|access-date=2010-07-11}}</ref> * 2003 – Margo Uusorg (Estonia) na Egle Soll (Estonia), Sekunde 60.7.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capetimes.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=183154|title=Estonians romp home in wife-carrying contest|publisher=Cape Times|date=2003-07-07|access-date=2010-07-11}}</ref> * 2002 – Meelis Tammre (Estonia) na Anne Zillberberg (Estonia), Sekunde 63.8. * 2001 – Margo Uusorg (Estonia) na Birgit Ulrich (Estonia), Sekunde 55.6. * 2000 – Margo Uusorg (Estonia) na Birgit Ulrich (Estonia),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/815978.stm|title=Estonia's clean sweep at wife-carrying|publisher=BBC News|date=2000-07-02|access-date=2010-07-11}}</ref> Sekunde 55.5. * 1999 – Imre Ambos (Estonia) na Annela Ojaste (Estonia), Sekunde 64.5. * 1998 – [[:en:Imre_Ambos|Imre Ambos]] (Estonia) na [[:en:Annela_Ojaste|Annela Ojaste]] (Estonia), Sekunde 69.2.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-19555274.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104084251/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-19555274.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-11-04|title=Estonians take double victory in international wife carrying contest|publisher=Highbeam.com|agency=Associated Press|date=1998-07-04|first=Matti|last=Huuhtanen|access-date=2010-07-11|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=2012-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104084251/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-19555274.html}}</ref> * 1997 – [[:en:Jouni_Jussila|Jouni Jussila]] (Finland) na [[:en:Tiina_Jussila|Tiina Jussila]] (Finland), Sekunde 65.0.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB32ECAACFBEC86&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|title=Finn carries the day – and his wife – in unique race|newspaper=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=1997-07-06|access-date=2010-07-11|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=2011-06-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609103046/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB32ECAACFBEC86&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM}}</ref> == Nchi == === Australia === Australian Wife Carrying Championships have been held annually since 2005. * 2016 – Washindi: Adrian and Amanda Betts * 2013 – [[:en:South_Bank,_Queensland|South Bank]], [[:en:Brisbane|Brisbane]]<ref name="Estonia dominates2">{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.triplem.com.au/brisbane/win/grill-team-wife-carrying-championships-2013/|access-date=18 January 2013|work=triplem.com.au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111193340/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2007-07-10/estonia-dominates-wife-carrying-championships/94496|archive-date=January 11, 2016|url-status=dead|title=Estonia dominates wife-carrying championships|date=July 9, 2007}}</ref> * 2008 – in [[:en:Singleton,_NSW|Singleton, NSW]]<ref name="News">{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.news.com.au/travel/australia/singletons-wild-with-wife-carrying/story-e6frfq8i-1111116035530|title=Wife carrying makes its mark in Australia|access-date=18 January 2013|date=April 11, 2008|work=news.com.au|publisher=News Limited|accessdate=2021-03-17|archivedate=2011-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119211747/http://www.news.com.au/travel/australia/singletons-wild-with-wife-carrying/story-e6frfq8i-1111116035530}}</ref> * 2007 – Washindi: Anthony Partridge na Angela Moore<ref name="News" /> === Amerika ya kaskazini === Mashindano ya Kubeba Mke wa Amerika Kaskazini hufanyika kila mwaka tangu 1999 kwenye Juma la Siku ya Columbus mwezi Oktoba katika hotel ya [[:en:Sunday_River_(Maine)|Sunday River Ski Resort]] Newry, Maine. * 2019 – Washindi: Olivia na Jerome Roehm (Delaware) === Uingereza === Mchezo wa Ubebaji Mke Uingereza ulianzishwa mnamo mwaka 2008, ingawaje mchezo unadasadikika kufanywa kwa msaada kutoka kwa binamu zetu wa Scandinavia" kwa karibu miaka 300 kutoka 793AD wakati wavamizi wa Viking walipovamia vijiji na kuteka nyara wake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The UK Wife Carrying Race|url=http://trionium.com/wife/|work=trionium.com|accessdate=2021-03-17}}</ref> * 2008 - Joel Hicks akimbeba Wendy Cook * 2009 - Matt Evans akimbeba Jatinder Gill (zawadi yao ilikuwa ni ujazo wa bia kilingana na uzito wao kwa pamoja - Kilo 120) * 2010 - John Lund * 2011 - Sam Trowbridge Akimbeba Nathalie * 2012 - Tom Wilmot akimbeba Kirsty Wilmot * 2013 - Mike Witko akimmbeba Lindsey Finn (Mike alisonga mbele na alishika nafasi ya 3 akimbeba Hattie Archer kwenye mashindano ya dunia nchii Ufini) * 2014 - Rich Blake Smith Akimbeba Anna * 2015 - Jonathon Schwochert akimbeba Charlotte Xiong (mashindano haya yalimshuhudia pia Joel Hicks akimbeba "Tiny Tina" rafiki wa kiume) * 2016 - Jonathan Schwochert akimbeba Charlotte Xiong (shindano hili lilimshuhudia Joel Hicks akibeba wake wawili lakini akamaliza wa mwisho) * 2017 - Jack McKendrick akimbeba Kirsty Jones * 2018 - Chris Hepworth akimbeba Tanisha Prince<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-surrey-43689192|title=UK wife-carrying contest takes place in Dorking|date=April 8, 2018|publisher=BBC}}</ref> * 2019 - Chris Hepworth akimbeba Tanisha Prince === Marekani === Fainali ya Amerika inafanyika wikendi ya pili ya Julai huko Menahga Minnesota (MN-St. Urho Wife Carry for Charity Challenge). Mashindano makubwa ya kubeba mke pia hufanyika Monona, Wisconsin, Minocqua, Wisconsin na Marquette, Michigan. === Asia === Ecorun India, jamii ya kuleta mwamko kuhusu mazingira waliandaa masindano ya Ubebaji Mke huko Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Asia mnamo tarehe 1 Januari 2011. Hafla hiyo inaitwa "Bhaaryaasametham" iliyotafsiriwa kama "na mke wako" katika Kimalayalam, lugha ya asili. Jamii inapanga kufanya hafla kama hizo kila mwaka nchini India. Ubebaji Mke Asia pia huitwa matukinina.[[Filamu|Sinema]] ya kihindi inayoitwa ''Dum Laga Ke Haisha'' ilikuwa na "shindano la Ubebaji Mke" nyuma ya pazia. == Katika utamaduni maarufu == * Mabingwa wa Amerika Kaskazini Ehrin na Aprili Armstrong walionyeshwa kama wageni waalikwa kwenye kipindi cha msimu wa kwanza wa revival of [[:en:I've_Got_a_Secret|I've Got a Secret]] ya GSN. * Watangazaji wa BBC Mike Bushell na Steph McGovern walibadilisha majukumu yao wakati walishiriki mashindano ya kila mwaka ya Ubebaji Mke huko Uingereza mnamo 2013. Mtangazaji huyo wa kiume alisema hii ilikuwa ya kwanza.<ref>{{Citation|title=BBC pair swap roles for 'wife carrying' race|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-21979926|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2021-03-17}}</ref> * Margo Uusorg na Sandra Kullas wanashikilia rekodi ya ulimwengu wakati wa mashindano haya, wakimaliza njia ya mita 253.5 kwa sekunde 56.9 mnamo mwaka 2006<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec0000unse_r3e7|title=Guinness world records 2014|date=2013|publisher=[England] : Guinness World Records Limited|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-1-908843-35-7}}</ref> * Wahusika wakuu katika filamu ya Baba wa Mwaka wa 2018 waliingia na kushinda shindano la Ubebaji Mke == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20171110162849/http://eukonkanto.fi/en Sonkajärvi – Wife Carrying World Championships] * [http://www.trionium.com/wife/ Wife carrying competition in the UK] == Marejeo == <references /> {{mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2021 in Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] 8boikwaua0rdnj9zokb2dty2b8vudti 0 137137 1615502 1529924 2026-11-08T01:17:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615502 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Phare_Cap_Caxine_2.JPG|thumb|Rasi ya Caxine]] [[Faili:Phare Cap Caxine 1.JPG|thumb|Phare Cap Caxine]] '''Rasi ya Caxine''' ni [[rasi]] (jiografia) iliyoko nchini [[Algeria]]. <ref>{{cite web|url= http://mapcarta.com/17349560|title=Cap Caxine, Algeria Map|publisher=Mapcarta|accessdate=18 June 2010}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210605123750/http://www.onsm-dz.com/?p=detailphares&equipement_id=19 Cap Caxine] ''Ministere des Travaux Public'' [[jamii:jiografia ya Algeria]] [[Category:Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha]] opx92ylks4l4z7z8x225bvae2gtp4xw 0 137386 1615659 1530323 2026-11-08T10:20:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615659 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Dring_Stadium.jpg|thumb|Uwanja wa Bahawal]] '''Uwanja wa Bahawal''' ni uwanja wa [[mchezo]] Uliopo katika jimbo la Punjabu nchini [[Pakistani]] karibu na hifadhi ya wanyama ya Bahawalpur,ukiwa na uwezo wa kuchukua zaidi ya mashabiki 15,000 .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/810774-the-dring-stadium|title=The Dring Stadium &#124; Sports &#124; thenews.com.pk|website=www.thenews.com.pk|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250811180607/https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/810774-the-dring-stadium|archivedate=2025-08-11|accessdate=2025-09-10|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ni moja kati ya viwanja katika bara la Asia venye uwezo wa kuchukua michezo tofauti tofauti kwa wakati mmoja,michezo inayojumuisha kuogelea,[[Karate]], [[Judo]] na michezo mingine. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha]] ee5i2jo5zj48qiivqidextjbl5glspt 0 139042 1615481 1574298 2026-11-07T23:53:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Visit of Pierre-Célestin Rwigema, Rwandan Prime Minister, to the EC (cropped).jpg|alt=Picha ya Pierre-Célestin Rwigema|thumb|Picha ya Pierre-Célestin Rwigema]] '''Pierre-Célestin Rwigema''' (amezaliwa [[Julai 27]], [[1953]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Rwanda]] aliyehusishwa hapo awali na kikundi cha wastani cha chama cha Republican Democratic Movement (MDR).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BBC News {{!}} AFRICA {{!}} New Rwandan prime minister named|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/670985.stm|work=news.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=2021-06-30}}</ref> Alikuwa Waziri Mkuu <ref>https://archive.today/20120905125652/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14994&a=53695</ref>wa Rwanda kutoka 1995-2000 na Waziri wa Elimu kutoka 1994-1995. Alipoapishwa kama Waziri Mkuu aliahidi kuiunganisha tena nchi yake iliyokuwa imevunjwa kikabila.<ref>{{Citation|last=Reuters|title=A Political Outsider Is Sworn In As Prime Minister of Rwanda|date=1995-09-01|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/01/world/a-political-outsider-is-sworn-in-as-prime-minister-of-rwanda.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2021-06-30}}</ref> Mnamo 2001, alishtakiwa kwa madai ya kuhusika katika mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda na alikuwa na idhini ya kukamatwa kwake na serikali ya Rwanda. Mashtaka haya yaliletwa dhidi yake baada ya kujiuzulu kama Waziri Mkuu, wakati alipokimbilia Amerika kutafuta hifadhi ya kisiasa. Wakati wa mashtaka, alikuwa akisoma shahada ya Uzamili katika Usimamizi wa Biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha Bowling Green State huko Ohio, Amerika. <ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Bowling Green State University|date=2001-11-19|title=The BG News November 19, 2001|url=https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/bg-news/6878|journal=BG News (Student Newspaper)}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bowling Green student denies role in Rwandan genocide|url=https://www.toledoblade.com/local/education/2001/11/17/Bowling-Green-student-denies-role-in-Rwandan-genocide/stories/200111170060|work=The Blade|accessdate=2021-06-30|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525061450/https://www.toledoblade.com/local/education/2001/11/17/Bowling-Green-student-denies-role-in-Rwandan-genocide/stories/200111170060|archivedate=2024-05-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hali ya kisiasa nchini Rwanda wakati huo ilikuwa tete. Spika Joseph Sabarenzi, alijiuzulu na kukimbia. Kulikuwa na madai ya kikundi cha kifalme kinachofanya kazi kuhujumu serikali ya RPF, na kurudisha ufalme wa Watusi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BBC News {{!}} AFRICA {{!}} New Rwandan prime minister named|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/670985.stm|work=news.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=2021-06-30}}</ref>Imeripotiwa kuwa mashtaka haya dhidi yake yanaweza kuwa yalichochewa kisiasa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rwanda: Corruption reaches unseen levels; opposition grows|url=http://www.inshuti.org/corrupti.htm|work=web.archive.org|date=2008-11-21|accessdate=2021-06-30|archivedate=2008-11-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121001924/http://www.inshuti.org/corrupti.htm}}</ref> Kulingana na Joseph Sebarenzi, Mtusi na spika wa zamani wa bunge la kitaifa kutoka 1997 hadi 2000, Rwigema hakuwa na hatia. Sebarenzi aliandika katika kumbukumbu yake, ''God Sleeps in Rwanda'': "Mara kwa mara nilikuwa nikisikia kutoka kwa marafiki au kwenye redio kwamba mtu mwingine nchini Rwanda alikuwa akilengwa. Kulikuwa na Pierre Celestin Rwigema, waziri mkuu. Alilazimishwa kujiuzulu. Wakati nilikuwa Spika, tulikuwa tumemchunguza kwa utunzaji mbaya na ubadhirifu.RPF ilimtaka atolewe nje na alitumai tutamshtaki. Kwa hivyo niliposikia kwamba Rwigema amejiuzulu, sikushangaa. Mwishowe alikimbilia Amerika. Serikali ya Rwanda iliiambia serikali ya Amerika kwamba alihusika katika mauaji ya kimbari na akaomba akamatwe. ilimsafisha ".<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Joseph Sebarenzi publishes ‘God Sleeps in Rwanda’ « PIM Admissions Blog|url=http://pimadmissions.wordpress.com/2009/08/31/joseph-sebarenzi/|work=web.archive.org|date=2011-07-18|accessdate=2021-06-30|archivedate=2011-07-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718104013/http://pimadmissions.wordpress.com/2009/08/31/joseph-sebarenzi/}}</ref> Hatimaye alithibitishwa kuwa hana hatia na kupewa hifadhi ya kisiasa na korti ya uhamiaji ya Amerika huko Detroit. Mnamo Oktoba 2011, mwendesha mashtaka mkuu wa Rwanda, Martin Ngoga aliripoti kwa vyombo vya habari kwamba mchakato wa mahakama nchini Rwanda pia haukupata ushahidi wowote unaomshtaki Rwigema kwa kuhusika na mauaji ya kimbari na kwa hivyo kesi yake ilisitishwa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=FORMER RWANDA PRIME MINISTER RETURNS|url=https://en.igihe.com/news/former-rwanda-prime-minister-returns|work=IGIHE|accessdate=2021-06-30|language=en|archivedate=2021-07-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181656/https://en.igihe.com/news/former-rwanda-prime-minister-returns}}</ref>Bwana Rwigema alirudi Rwanda baada ya miaka 11 uhamishoni, akisema kwamba alikuwa akirejea kwa uhuru, na hivi karibuni alifanya mkutano na waandishi wa habari ambapo alifafanua kwamba nia yake kuu ya kurudi nyumbani ilikuwa kushiriki katika maendeleo ya nchi hiyo. <ref>https://archive.today/20120714170554/http://mail.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14789&a=46531</ref> Mapema Mei 2012, Bw Rwigema alikuwa mmoja wa wagombea 8 waliochaguliwa na bunge la Rwanda kati ya wagombea 18 kuwakilisha Rwanda katika Bunge la Afrika Mashariki (EALA). Aliapa kutetea utekelezwaji mzuri wa soko la pamoja la [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] na itifaki za umoja wa forodha, na ufuatiliaji wa haraka wa mazungumzo juu ya umoja wa fedha na utekelezwaji wa shirikisho la kisiasa. <ref>https://archive.today/20120905125652/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14994&a=53695</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{BD|1953|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Editathon 2021-06 Morogor]] 4ty4pesm2v4gfxd9vzlxddpjyhcb92x 0 146724 1615666 1540749 2026-11-08T10:53:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Veneranda Nzambazamariya''' alizaliwa Rwanda tarehe 8 Agosti [[1957]] na alifariki tarehe 30 Januari 2000 katika ajali ya ndege ya [[Kenya Airways Flight 431]] karibu na Côte d’Ivoire.<ref name=":1">Mwambari, David (2019-12-23). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331299552_Leadership_Emergence_in_Post-Genocide_Rwanda_The_role_of_Women_in_Peacebuilding Leadership Emergence in Post-Genocide Rwanda: The role of Women in Peacebuilding]". ''Leadership and Developing Societies''. '''2''' (1): 88–104 – via ResearchGate.</ref> Alijulikana kwa kuunganisha watu wa makundi tofauti, hasa katika kipindi cha baada ya mauaji ya kimbari Rwanda. Alikuwa pia mshauri kwa vijana, akisisitiza elimu na ushiriki wa kiraia katika kujenga jamii bora.<ref name=":3" /> Alikuwa kiongozi wa wanawake nchini Rwanda na baadaye akatunukiwa tuzo ya Millennium Peace Prize for Women.<ref name="unifem-bio-2001">{{cite web |date=2001 |title=2001 Peace Prize Recipients - Biography - Veneranda Nzambazamariya |url=http://www.undp.org/unifem/mpprize/rwandabio.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011031071457/http://www.undp.org/unifem/mpprize/rwandabio.html |archive-date=2001-10-31 |access-date=5 November 2016 |publisher=[[United Nations]] |language=English}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web |year=2010 |title=Century of Women |url=http://vov.com/files/exhibitions/The-Century-of-Women.pdf |access-date=2023-11-17 |publisher=Victory Over Violence |page=16}}</ref> Alisoma na baadaye akajihusisha na mashirika ya kiraia, jambo lililomsaidia katika kazi yake ya kukuza [[usawa wa kijinsia]] na kujenga amani.<ref name=":3">{{Rejea jarida |last=Burnet |first=Jennie E. |date=2008-07-01 |title=Gender Balance and the Meanings of Women in Governance in Post-Genocide Rwanda |url=https://academic.oup.com/afraf/article/107/428/361/12456 |journal=African Affairs |volume=107 |issue=428 |pages=361–386 |doi=10.1093/afraf/adn024 |issn=0001-9909}}</ref> == Kazi ya kibinadamu == Nzambazamariya alikuwa mshawishi mkubwa wa amani na mshikamano wa kijamii. Akiwa rais wa Pro-Femmes/Twese Hamwe, alisimamia programu za mikopo midogo (microcredit), vyama vya kilimo, na mafunzo ya kusoma na kuandika ili kuwawezesha wanawake kiuchumi na kijamii katika Rwanda ya baada ya mauaji ya kimbari.<ref name=":3" /> Alikuwa pia mwanachama mwanzilishi wa Reseau de Femmes na Pro-Femmes Twese Hamwe.<ref name=":3" /> Aidha alishiriki katika Kamati ya Wanawake ya Amani na Maendeleo, akilenga kurekebisha mifumo ya kijamii na kisheria iliyokuwa ikiwabagua wanawake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title=Building a Culture of Peace for the Children of the World | url=http://vov.com/files/exhibitions/Building-A-Culture-Of-Peace.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024112017/http://vov.com/files/exhibitions/Building-A-Culture-Of-Peace.pdf | archive-date=2015-10-24}}</ref> == Tuzo == Tuzo ya Millennium Peace Prize for Women ilianzishwa mwaka [[2001]] na United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM, sasa UN Women) kwa ajili ya kuwaheshimu wanawake waliotoa mchango mkubwa katika kujenga amani duniani. Nzambazamariya alikuwa mpokeaji wa kwanza wa tuzo hii, kutokana na uongozi wake katika kuhimiza maridhiano kupitia Pro-Femmes/Twese Hamwe na kampeni za amani zilizoimarisha ushiriki wa wanawake katika jamii ya Rwanda.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Press Briefing by UN Development Fund For Women on Millennium Peace Prize {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2001/unifembriefing.doc.htm |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=press.un.org |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202051531/https://press.un.org/en/2001/unifembriefing.doc.htm |archivedate=2024-12-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>"[https://africanactivist.msu.edu/record/210-849-31176/ African Activist Archive]". ''africanactivist.msu.edu''. Retrieved 2024-11-18.</ref> == Kifo na urithi == Baada ya kifo chake katika ajali ya ndege ya Kenya Airways Flight 431, kifo cha Nzambazamariya kilileta pengo kubwa katika jamii ya Rwanda na duniani katika harakati za kujenga amani.<ref name=":1" /> Urithi wake unaendelea kupitia shirika la Nzambazamariya Veneranda Organization lililoanzishwa mwaka [[2000]], linalohimiza amani, haki, na maendeleo endelevu kwa kutumia falsafa ya [[Ubuntu philosophy|Ubuntu]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=staff |first=CBSNews com staff CBSNews com |date=2001-03-09 |title=U.N. Awards Women Peacemakers - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/un-awards-women-peacemakers/ |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">Ukwezi. (2022). ''Byinshi wamenya kuri Nzambazamariya Veneranda umaze imyaka 22 yishwe n’impanuka y’indege.'' Retrieved from http://ukwezi.com/Mu-rwanda/Ubuzima/article/Byinshi-wamenya-kuri-Nzambazamariya-Veneranda-umaze-imyaka-22-yishwe-n-impanuka-y-indege {{Wayback|url=http://ukwezi.com/Mu-rwanda/Ubuzima/article/Byinshi-wamenya-kuri-Nzambazamariya-Veneranda-umaze-imyaka-22-yishwe-n-impanuka-y-indege |date=20250126205946 }}</ref> Kila mwaka tarehe 30 Januari, familia yake na wanachama wa shirika lake hukumbuka mchango wake kupitia kumbukumbu na kuweka maua kwenye kaburi lake lililopo Remera Cemetery.<ref name=":2" /> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya uandishi wa makala za haki za binadamu]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] [[Jamii:FFD22]] kt910wou32x6xmngkitmmydsrql08zg 0 147936 1615675 1606387 2026-11-08T11:42:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615675 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Volkspele001.gif|thumb|180px|Wacheza densi waliovalia mavazi ya kitamaduni wakifanya Volkspele kwenye ''saamtrek''.]] [[Picha:Volkspele003.gif|thumb|180px|Wacheza densi wa kiasili waliovalia mavazi ya kitamaduni wakifanya Volkspele wakiwa kwenye ziara barani Ulaya.]] '''Volkspele''' ni [[mchezo]] wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]] wa [[dansi|densi]] wa watu wa nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20251107220256/http://volkspele.co.za/ Afrikaanse Volksang en Volkspele Beweging] {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Afrocuration Project 2022 Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wiki4uni]] g5xq6bbl2y611oyg5riaynjs7u9ellt 0 148294 1615501 1598427 2026-11-08T01:12:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615501 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rangina Hamidi''' (kwa [[Kipashto]]: رنګینه حمیدي; kuzaliwa [[1978]]) ni [[mwandishi]], msomi, [[mwanaharakati]] wa kijamii na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Afghanistan]] aliyekulia [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Leading Change: Featuring Rangina Hamidi|url=http://www.bushcenter.org/publications/articles/2013/07/leading-change-featuring-rangina-hamidi.html|work=Leading Change: Featuring Rangina Hamidi|accessdate=2022-03-23|language=en}}</ref>. Anajulikana sana kama [[mwanasheria]] wa [[haki za wanawake]] wa Afghanistan na anajihusisha na miradi mbalimbali inayojikita na kuwainua [[Msichana|wasichana]] na [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] wa Afghanistan. Pia alihudumu kama [[waziri]] wa [[elimu]] wa Afghanistan mpaka pale [[kundi]] la [[Taliban]] lilipofanya mageuzi. Ndiye waziri wa elimu wa kwanza wa kike nchini Afghanistan<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Education Cannot Wait Interviews Afghanistan’s Minister of Education Rangina Hamidi|url=https://www.ipsnews.net/2021/04/education-cannot-wait-interviews-afghanistans-minister-education-rangina-hamidi/|work=Inter Press Service|date=2021-04-12|accessdate=2022-03-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323061326/https://www.ipsnews.net/2021/04/education-cannot-wait-interviews-afghanistans-minister-education-rangina-hamidi/|archivedate=2022-03-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Afghanistan]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Afghanistan]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afghanistan]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afghanistan]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] h9u4h5s9rcdv6evnxhky9n611iyts4x 0 150068 1615399 1577214 2026-11-07T18:59:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615399 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Musa Sukwene''' ni [[mwimbaji]] nchini [[Afrika Kusini]], [[asili]] yake ni Witbank [[jimbo]] la [[Mpumalanga]], alishinda msimu wa tisa wa ,mashindano ya Idols Afrika Kusini mwaka [[2013]]. <ref>[http://mg.co.za/article/2013-11-27-up-close-and-personal-with-idols-sas-musa-sukwene Rhodé Marshall, "Up, close and personal with Idols SA winner Musa Sukwene"], ''Mail&Guardian'', 27 November 2013.</ref> Tarehe [[3 Disemba]] ilibainika kuwa Sukwene alikuwa amesainiwa na ''About Entertainment''. <ref>[http://www.mediaupdate.co.za/?IDStory=58425 "About Entertainment to represent Idols SA winner, Musa Sukwene"], Media Update, 3 December 2013.</ref> == Kazi == Mnamo [[2016]], [[albamu]] yake ya pili ya studio ''Mr. Serious'' ilitolewa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Musa Sukwene drops new album 'Mr Serious'|url=https://www.theedgesearch.com/2016/05/musa-sukwene-drops-new-album-mr-serious.html?m=1|publisher=TheEdgeSearch}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ALBUM OF THE WEEK: Musa Sukwene second studio album ‘Mr Serious’ {{!}} YoMzansi|url=https://www.yomzansi.com/2016/05/09/album-of-the-week-musa-sukwene-second-studio-album-mr-serious/|publisher=YoMzansi|date=2016-05-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109130517/https://www.yomzansi.com/2016/05/09/album-of-the-week-musa-sukwene-second-studio-album-mr-serious/|archivedate=2021-11-09|accessdate=2022-05-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> na baadae iliidhinishwa na hadhi ya platinamu mara tatu kwa mauzo ya nakala 90,000. == Orodha ya kazi za muziki == === ''Albamu za studio'' === * ''Dream'' ([[2014]]) * ''Mr. Serious'' ([[2016]]) * ''Musa'' ([[2018]]) * ''Backroom ([[2022]])'' == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Arusha Editathon Muziki]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za muziki wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 05cc364zviba3rrg3yslrnhma40ttrp 0 150536 1615446 1524535 2026-11-07T22:32:02Z Tbm 44189 1615446 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Rocky Dawuni.jpg|alt=Rocky Dawuni|thumb|Rocky Dawuni]] '''Rocky Dawuni''' ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] na mtayarishaji kutoka [[Ghana]] ambaye anaimba '''Afro Roots''' sauti ambayo ni mchanganyiko wa muziki wa Reggae, Afrobeat, Highlife na Soul. Kwa sasa anaishi kati ya Ghana na [[Los Angeles]]. <ref name="cnn">{{Rejea habari|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/|title='Ghana's Bob Marley' spreads message of brotherhood|date=23 August 2011|access-date=2022-05-15|archive-date=2022-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515191023/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/|url-status=dead}}</ref> '''Dawuni''' alifahamu [[Reggae]] nchini [[Ghana]] aliposikia [[bendi]] ya kijeshi ikiimba moja ya nyimbo za [[Bob Marley]] katika Michel Camp; <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rocky grew up in Michel Camp, Ghana|url=http://www.katc.com/clip/12388196/festival-international-friday-at-1000|publisher=katc.com|accessdate=26 April 2016|archivedate=2016-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220085044/http://www.katc.com/clip/12388196/festival-international-friday-at-1000}}</ref> kambi ya kijeshi ambako alikulia. <ref name="cnn"/> Dawuni alianzisha tamasha la kila mwaka la "''Independence Splash''", ambalo hufanyika nchini Ghana katika Siku ya Uhuru wa Ghana, [[6 Machi]]. <ref name="cnn" /> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Ghana]] [[Jamii:Arusha Editathon Muziki]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za muziki wa Afrika]] iny33la6s4jjufxidf21yuwg6r907wn 0 150799 1615658 1528102 2026-11-08T10:11:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antwon Rose II''' alikuwa [[Marekani|Mmarekani]] mwenye umri wa miaka 17 ambaye aliuawa kwa kupigwa [[risasi]] huko [[Pittsburg, California|Pittsburgh]] Mashariki mnamo Juni 19, 2018, na Afisa wa [[polisi]] Michael Rosfeld baada ya kushukiwa kwa jaribio la kuua kwa kushiriki katika ufyatuaji risasi akiwa garini. Rose alikuwa na jarida tupu la bunduki mfukoni na mabaki ya risasi mkononi mwake. Mkaguzi wa Kitiba wa Kaunti ya Allegheny Daniel Wolfe alisema kuwa mabaki yanaelekea kuwa matokeo ya Rose kufyatua [[bunduki]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Michael Rosfeld Trial: Medical Examiner's Office Found Gunshot Residue On Antwon Rose's Hand|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/michael-rosfeld-trial-medical-examiners-office-found-gunshot-residue-on-antwon-roses-hand/|work=www.cbsnews.com|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=East Pittsburgh police officer fatally shot 17-year-old Antwon Rose fleeing traffic stop|url=https://www.phillytrib.com/news/east-pittsburgh-police-officer-fatally-shot-17-year-old-antwon-rose-fleeing-traffic-stop/article_bd4e3718-754a-11e8-a039-dba5899b0f90.html|work=The Philadelphia Tribune|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en|author=Darran Simon Hollie Silverman|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522124323/https://www.phillytrib.com/news/east-pittsburgh-police-officer-fatally-shot-17-year-old-antwon-rose-fleeing-traffic-stop/article_bd4e3718-754a-11e8-a039-dba5899b0f90.html|archivedate=2022-05-22|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=What did Antwon Rose II have on his hands, in his pocket, under his seat? DA doesn't want jurors to know|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/news/crime-courts/2019/01/24/antwon-rose-homicide-police-officer-michael-rosfeld-evidence-gun-allegheny-county-east-pittsburgh/stories/201901240036|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en}}</ref>. Alisafirishwa hadi [[Hospitali]] ya McKeesport ambako baadaye alitangazwa kuwa amefariki<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=What we know now about Antwon Rose, 17-year-old fatally shot by police|url=https://www.wpxi.com/news/top-stories/what-we-know-now-about-antwon-rose-17-year-old-fatally-shot-by-police/773560821/|work=WPXI|date=2018-06-20|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en}}</ref>. Kufuatia kupigwa risasi, Rosfeld alishtakiwa kwa [[mauaji]] ya jinai<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=East Pittsburgh officer charged with criminal homicide in Antwon Rose shooting|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/us/michael-rosfeld-charged-criminal-homicide-antwon-rose-east-pittsburgh/index.html|work=CNN|date=2018-06-27|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en|author=Eliott C. McLaughlin}}</ref>. Baada ya [[kesi]] ya siku 4, Rosfeld aliachiliwa kwa makosa yote<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Former East Pittsburgh Police Officer Michael Rosfeld Found Not Guilty In Antwon Rose Shooting|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/michael-rosfeld-trial-antwon-rose-shooting-not-guilty/|work=www.cbsnews.com|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref>. Mnamo Oktoba 25, 2019, Rosfeld na East Pittsburgh walisuluhisha kesi ya madai ya [[kifo]] cha Rose kwa $2 milioni<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Family of Antwon Rose settles for $2M in civil case|url=https://triblive.com/local/pittsburgh-allegheny/civil-lawsuit-filed-family-of-antwon-rose-terminated-signaling-apparent-settlement/|work=TribLIVE.com|date=2019-10-29|accessdate=2022-05-22|language=en-US|author=Tom Davidson And Natasha Lindstrom}}</ref>. ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:USLW Iringa]] 2nmtydjuz03693b6i4i7lirptra6165 0 152401 1615326 1602720 2026-11-07T15:35:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615326 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Caprivistrip.png|right|thumb| [[Kishoroba cha Caprivi|Ukanda wa Caprivi]] .]] '''Mbuga ya Wanyama ya Mahango''' (pia inajulikana kama ''Hifadhi ya Wanyama ya Mahango'' <ref name="Namibia.org 1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.namibian.org/travel/namibia/mahango.html|title=Mahango Game Reserve|publisher=Namibian.org|accessdate=May 9, 2013|archive-date=2022-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709185421/https://namibian.org/travel/namibia/mahango.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ) ni eneo lililohifadhiwa nchini [[Namibia]] ndani ya [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Bwabwata|Mbuga ya taifa ya Bwabwata]]. <ref name="met.gov.na-latestmap">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Protected Areas Network Map|url=http://www.met.gov.na/Protected%20Areas%20Network%20Map/PA%20Map%20latest.JPG|publisher=Ministry of Education and Tourism|accessdate=2013-05-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204070533/http://www.met.gov.na/Protected%20Areas%20Network%20Map/PA%20Map%20latest.JPG|archivedate=2014-12-04}}</ref> Iko katika mpaka wa mashariki wa nchi hiyo na [[Botswana]] katika tambarare za mafuriko ya bonde la [[Okavango|Mto Okavango]], karibu na Maporomoko ya Popa kwenye [[mto]] huo. Ukanda wa [[Kishoroba cha Caprivi|Caprivi]] hufunika sehemu ya [[magharibi]] ya mbuga hiyo. <ref name="Namib">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.info-namibia.com/en/activities-and-places-of-interest/kavango-east/mahango-national-park|title=Mahango National Park|accessdate=6 May 2013|publisher=Info Namibia.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126180430/http://www.info-namibia.com/en/activities-and-places-of-interest/kavango-east/mahango-national-park|archivedate=2013-11-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ilianzishwa mwaka [[1986]] na ina eneo la hektari 24,462. Ina zaidi ya aina 300 za [[ndege]], imeteuliwa kuwa Eneo Muhimu la Ndege na [[shirika]] la BirdLife International. Takribani [[theluthi]] mbili ya [[spishi]] za ndege wanaopatikana Namibia wanapatikana hapa kwani inajumuisha aina zote mbili za ardhi oevu na za kitropiki za nchi kavu. <ref name="Bird">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6702|title=Mahango Game Reserve and Kavango River|accessdate=6 May 2013|publisher=BirdLife International Organization}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii:Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha 2022]] [[Jamii:Utalii]] [[Jamii:Utalii wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Utalii nchi kwa nchi]] gzjyn7zbtk8ynffiivs5meitxurfd2h 0 152538 1615431 1540203 2026-11-07T21:29:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615431 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Halberstadt_St-Burchardi-Kirche.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| Kanisa la [[Burkado wa Wurzburg|Mtakatifu Burkado]] huko Halberstadt, [[Ujerumani]] .]]   '''''Organ ² /ASLSP''''' ( ''''' (As Slow as Possible)''''' yaani '''"Polepole Iwezekanavyo"''' ) ni [[muziki]] uliotungwa na [[John Cage]] (1912 – 1992) kwa ajili ya [[kinanda cha filimbi]]. Inapigwa katika onyesho la muziki linalodumu kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia. Cage alitunga muziki huu kwanza mnamo 1985 kwa kinanda cha kawaida (piano) akaibadilisha kwa kinanda cha filimbi mnamo 1987. Maonyesho ya toleo la [[piano]] kawaida huchukua dakika 20 hadi 70. <ref name="bbc resume">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7490776.stm 'World's longest concert' resumes], Steve Rosenberg, [[BBC News]] (2008-07-05). Accessed 2008-07-05.</ref> Kwenye mji wa Halberstadt taasisi ya John Cage ilianza mnamo 2001 onyesho ya muziki yake ambalo linatarajiwa kumalizika mnamo mwaka 2640 kwahiyo imepangwa kwa muda wa miaka 639. == Maonyesho == Diane Luchese alipiga ''Organ ² /ASLSP'' kuanzia saa 8:45 asubuhi hadi &nbsp;saa 11:41&nbsp;usiku mnamo 5 Februari 2009 katika Chuo Kikuu cha Towson ([[Marekani]]). Onyesho hilo la saa 14 na dakika 56 lilikuwa utendakazi mrefu zaidi wa mtu binafsi uliorekodiwa hadi 2022. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://media.www.thetowerlight.com/media/storage/paper957/news/2009/02/05/Arts/Fifteen.Hours.At.The.Organ-3613444.shtml|title=The Towerlight, Fifteen hours at the organ|publisher=Media.www.thetowerlight.com|accessdate=August 30, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210201000/http://media.www.thetowerlight.com/media/storage/paper957/news/2009/02/05/Arts/Fifteen.Hours.At.The.Organ-3613444.shtml|archivedate=February 10, 2009}}</ref> Stephen Whittington alitekeleza onyesho la saa 8 la ''ASLSP'' kwenye kinanda cha filimbi cha Ukumbi wa Elder Hall katika Chuo Kikuu cha Adelaide ([[Australia]]) mnamo 2012 . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.realtimearts.net/article/110/10790|title=Stephen Whittington: Musical Renewal|publisher=RealTime|accessdate=September 27, 2012|archive-date=2017-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207135845/http://www.realtimearts.net/article/110/10790|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.adelaide.edu.au/jmcoetzeecentre/news-events/|title=News and Events|publisher=J.M. Coetzee Centre for Creative Practice|accessdate=September 27, 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5t79PzNff4|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615155225/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5t79PzNff4|archivedate=2022-06-15|title=John Cage Day, Wednesday 5th September 2012|work=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=September 27, 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/national/john-cage-day-celebrated-in-adelaide-with-free-concert-at-elder-hall-on-wednesday/story-fndo471r-1226463487740|title=John Cage Day Celebrated in Adelaide with Free Concert in Elder Hall|publisher=Herald Sun Newspaper|accessdate=September 27, 2012}}</ref> Patrick Wedd, Adrian Foster, na Alex Ross walitoa onyesho la timu la saa 12 katika [[Kanisa kuu|Kanisa Kuu]] la Christ Church, [[Montreal]], mwaka wa 2015. Daniel Cooper alitoa onyesho la saa 12 katika Kanisa la Knox kuashiria [[Solistasi|solistasi ya Juni]] mwaka wa 2019. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=John Cage: Organ2 / ASLSP|url=https://musiccanterbury.co.nz/john-cage-organ2-aslsp/|work=Music Canterburyn|date=June 14, 2019|accessdate=July 7, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206044230/https://musiccanterbury.co.nz/john-cage-organ2-aslsp/|archivedate=2021-12-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> Christopher Anderson alitoa onyesho la saa 16, kwa sasa utendakazi wa pili kwa polepole zaidi na utendakazi mrefu zaidi kamilifu unaofahamika kwenye 8 Machi mwaka 2022 katika Perkins Chapel kwenye chuo kikuu cha Chuo Kikuu cha Methodist Kusini huko [[Texas]]. [[Faili:HalberstadtBurchardiChurchOrganForOrgan2ASLSP.jpg|thumb| Kinanda cha filimbi kinachotumika kwa onyesho la Halberstadt.]] === Mandharinyuma === Wanamuziki na wanafalsafa walijadili katika mkutano wa 1997 maagizo ya Cage ya kucheza muziki huu "polepole iwezekanavyo". Toleo la kwanza la muziki hii liliandikwa kwa kinanda (piano) cha kawaida, ambako sauti inakwisha wakati waya iliyopigwa imetulia. Lakini kwenye chombo cha filimbi kilichotunzwa vizuri noti inaweza kusikika kwa muda mrefu kupita kiasi. Washiriki walipatana kujaribu onyesho ya miaka mingi. Mji wa Halberstadt nchini Ujerumani umeteuliwa kwa sababu taarifa ya kwanza ya historia kuhusu kinanda kikubwa cha filimbi iliandikwa kuhusu chombo katika kanisa kuu ya mji ule kilichojengwa mnamo mwaka 1361. Taasisi ya John Cage Organ Foundation Halberstadt iliamua kuanza onyesho la miaka 639, kuashiria wakati kati ya uwekaji wa kinanda cha filimbi cha kwanza kilichorekodiwa katika Kanisa Kuu la Halberstadt mnamo 1361, na tarehe iliyopendekezwa ya kuanza onyesho la Cage kwenye mwaka 2000. <ref name="bbc-firstnotes">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2728595.stm First notes for 639-year composition], [[BBC News]] (2003-02-05). Accessed 2008-07-05.</ref> Haikuwezekana kutumia kanisa kuu la mji kwa sababu linatumiwa kwa ibada lakini katika mji huo kuna kanisa dogo la monasteri ya zamani ambalo halikutumiwa tangu mwaka 1810 wakati monasteri ilifungwa. Jengo hili liliteuliwa na kinanda cha filimbi cha pekee kilitengenezwa humo<ref>https://www.deutschlandmalanders.com/die-kirche-sankt-burchardi/ Kuhusu kanisa la Mt. Burkardo, Halberstadt</ref>. Taasisi inauza mabango ya ukumbusho kwa miaka hadi 2640 ili kufadhili utendakazi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2019/04/halberstadt-john-cage-organ-feature|title=A Visit to John Cage's 639-Year Organ Composition|first=Aaron|author=Gonsher|work=redbullmusicacademy.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.european-traveler.com/germany/hear-john-cages-slowest-piece-of-music-in-the-world-in-halberstadt/|title=Hear John Cage's Slowest Piece of Music in the World in Halberstadt|first=Henk|author=Bekker|work=european-traveler.com|date=July 5, 2020}}</ref> === Utendaji === Onyesho la [[Halberstadt]] lilianza 5 Septemba 2001 kwa mapumziko yaliyodumu hadi 5 Februari 2003, wakati noti ya kwanza ilipopigwa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.aslsp.org/de|title=News - John-Cage-Orgelprojekt Halberstadt|work=www.aslsp.org|accessdate=December 8, 2019|archivedate=2021-09-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907140232/https://www.aslsp.org/de/}}</ref> <ref name="Halberstadteventsite">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.john-cage.halberstadt.de/new/index.php?seite=cdundtoene&l=e|title=the Halberstadt event website|publisher=John-cage.halberstadt.de|date=November 19, 2004|accessdate=August 30, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722045416/http://www.john-cage.halberstadt.de/new/index.php?seite=cdundtoene&l=e|archivedate=July 22, 2011}}</ref> Ilhali noti moja inaweza kupigwa kwa miezi 16, mifuko ya mchanga hufungwa kwenye vibao vya kinanda ili kudumisha sauti. <ref name="bbc resume"/> Upepo unatengenezwa mfululizo kwa kifaa cha umeme. Kinanda chote kina filimbi sita tu; filimbi zinabadilishwa wakati sauti mpya inahitajika. Mnamo 5 Julai 2012 filimbi mbili za chombo zilitolewa, na mbili zilibaki kwenye chombo kwa noti mpya. Noti ilibadilika tena mnamo 5 Septemba 2020. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200905162225/https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=youtu.be&t=12680&v=lW3FP_atp1w|archivedate=2020-09-05|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lW3FP_atp1w&t=12660|title=YouTube, a Google company|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Onyesho hilo limepangwa kukamilika Septemba 5, 2640.{{Listen|filename=Halberstadt_Germany_ASLSP_2006-01-05-17h.ogg|title="''ASLSP'', Halberstat, Jan 5 2006 note change"|description=The note change of January 5, 2006 takes place at 8:35 in this audio clip.|format=[[Ogg]]}} == Tazama pia == ** ''[[:en:AS_Long_As_Possible_(ASLAP)|AS Long as Possible]]'', a GIF-based visual art work named in tribute to ''As Slow as Possible'' ** [[:en:List_of_compositions_by_John_Cage|List of compositions by John Cage]] ** ''[[:en:Longplayer|Longplayer]]'' == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.aslsp.org/ Tovuti ya tukio la Halberstadt] (Kijerumani) * * [https://www.npr.org/programs/pt/features/2003/sep/aslsp.html ''As Slow As Possible''], Performance Today feature ([[:en:National_Public_Radio|National Public Radio]]), September 2003 * Rekodi za utendakazi wa saa tisa wa ''ASLSP'' katika [http://www.artsaha.org ''ARTSaha! 2006''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.artsaha.org/ |date=20200928214550 }} na [https://web.archive.org/web/20060911045353/http://www.analogartsensemble.net/member/Drew.htm Joseph Drew] : [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182905/http://www.analogartsensemble.net/media/audio/Drew/ASLSP%20Beginning.mp3 Saa ya Kwanza], [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182746/http://www.analogartsensemble.net/media/audio/Drew/ASLSP%209PM.mp3 Saa ya Sita], [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182551/http://www.analogartsensemble.net/media/audio/Drew/ASLSP%20END.mp3 Saa ya Tisa] * [http://www.zeit.de/online/2006/02/cage Die eingefrorene Zeit], ''Die Zeit'', Januari 8, 2006 (in German) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070820230654/http://www.as-slow-as-possible.com/ Tovuti ya filamu ya hali ''halisi ASAP'' na Scott Smith] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/arts-post/post/worlds-longest-concert-will-last-639-years/2011/11/21/gIQAWrdXiN_blog.html "World's longest concert will last 639 years"] ''The Washington Post''. November 21, 2011. [[jamii:muziki]] kgt2cp3keshfgskl1inj6pd8cvuwqzx 0 154249 1615531 1600967 2026-11-08T04:21:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 9 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox record label|url={{URL|shadyrecords.com}}|jina=Shady Records |picha=Shady Records logo.png |nchi=[[Marekani]]|mwanzilishi={{hlist|[[Eminem]]|[[Paul Rosenberg (music manager)|Paul Rosenberg]]}}|aina za muziki=[[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]|shina la studio=[[Universal Music Group]]|imeanzishwa={{start date and age|1999}}|usambazaji wa studio={{hlist|[[Interscope Geffen A&M]]<br><small>(nchini [[Marekani]])</small>|[[Polydor Records|Polydor]]<br><small>(kwa [[Ufalme wa Muungano]])</small>|[[Universal Music Group|Universal]]<br><small>(Duniani nzima)</small>}}|mahala={{hlist|[[New York City]], |[[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]}}}} '''Shady Records''' ni studio ya kurekodi muziki kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. Studio ilianzishwa na [[Eminem]] na meneja wake [[Paul Rosenberg]] mwaka [[1999]] baada ya mafanikio makubwa ya albamu ya Eminem ''[[The Slim Shady LP]]''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Loading...|url=http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview/opar/intrview_MarcLabelle.html|work=www.hitquarters.com|accessdate=2022-08-05}}</ref> Mwaka wa 2006, Shady ilitoa albamu iliyokwenda kwa jina la [[Eminem Presents: The Re-Up|''Eminem Presents: The Re-Up'']]. Albamu hii ilishirikisha wasanii ambao walikuwa miongoni mwa washirika wa mwanzo wa lebo hiyo. Shady Records pia iliandaa nyimbo zilizotumika kwenye filamu iliyoigizwa na Eminem, [[8 Mile]]. Wimbo wa "[[Lose Yourself]]" ulitumika kwenye filamu hii na ni wimbo wa kwanza wa hip hop kupokea [[Tuzo za Akademi|Tuzo ya Akademi]] kwenye kipengele cha wimbo bora. Washirika wa sasa wa Shady records ni pamoja na Eminem, [[Bad Meets Evil]], [[Westside Boogie]] na Grip, wakati washirika wa zamani ni pamoja na [[D12]], [[Obie Trice]], [[50 Cent]], [[Stat Quo]], [[Bobby Creekwater]], [[Cashis]], [[Slaughterhouse]], [[Yelawolf]], [[Griselda]], [[Westside Gunn]] na [[Conway the Machine]]. == Historia == ===2000–2004: Kuanzishwa, ukuaji na ugomvi=== [[File:Eminem DJ Hero.jpg|160px|thumb|right|[[Eminem]] alianzisha Shady Records mwaka wa 1999.]] Baada ya Eminem kutoa albamu yake ya "The Slim Shady LP", alianzisha studio yake ya kurekodi muziki mwishoni mwa mwaka 1999. Eminem alikuwa anatafuta njia ya kutoa kazi za [[D12]], na Rosenberg alikuwa na shauku ya kuanzisha lebo, hii ilipelekea wawili hao kuungana na kuanzisha Shady records.<ref name="Rosenberg">{{Citation |last=Detrick |first=Ben |title=Loyalty |url=http://www.rapbasement.com/news/shady-records/-loyalty-paul-rosenberg-interview.html |magazine=[[XXL magazine|XXL Presents Shade 45]] |page=22 |date=August 2005 |access-date=January 29, 2008 |archive-date=2012-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511085153/http://www.rapbasement.com/news/shady-records/-loyalty-paul-rosenberg-interview.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> D12 ni wasanii wa kwanza kusainiwa na Shady kwani walikuwa wakiimba pamoja tangu miaka ya 1990, na washiriki walikuwa wamewekeana ahadi kwamba yeyote atakaye kuwa wa kwanza kufanikiwa angerudi na kuwasaini wenzake. <ref name="Emvisible">Quibian Salazar-Moreno (September 18, 2003). "[http://www.westword.com/2004-07-01/music/emvisible/ Emvisible: D12 looks to get out from underneath Eminem's shadow] {{Wayback|url=http://www.westword.com/2004-07-01/music/emvisible/ |date=20150205025104 }}". Westword.com. Accessed September 11, 2007.</ref> Mnamo Juni 2001, D12 ilitoa albamu ya "[[Devil's Night]]", na kushika nafasi ya 1 kwenye [[Billboard 200]]. <ref>Todd Martens (June 28, 2001). "[http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/79282/devilish-d12-debut-at-no-1 Devilish D12 Debut At No. 1]". ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''. Accessed January 15, 2008.</ref> Obie Trice alitambulishwa na [[Bizzarre]] wa D12 kwa Eminem. Eminem alimsaini mnamo Juni 2001 kama msanii wa pili wa Shady.<ref name="Obie Interview">Ruben Diaz (September 18, 2003). "[http://www.ballerstatus.com/2003/09/18/obie-trice-real-name-no-gimmicks/ Obie Trice: Real Name, No Gimmicks (Interview)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ballerstatus.com/2003/09/18/obie-trice-real-name-no-gimmicks/ |date=20190630153057 }}". BallerStatus.com. Accessed September 11, 2007.</ref><ref name="Obie Shade 45">{{Citation |last=Rose |first=Leah |title=Let Me In |url=http://www.rapbasement.com/news/obie-trice/-let-me-in-new-obie-trice.html |magazine=[[XXL magazine|XXL Presents Shade 45]] |page=60 |date=August 2005 |access-date=January 29, 2008 |archive-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821130131/http://www.rapbasement.com/news/obie-trice/-let-me-in-new-obie-trice.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Obie Trice alianza kupata umaarufu baada ya kufanya mitindo huru kwenye albamu ya ''Devil's Night''. Wakati akifanya maandalizi ya filamu ya [[8 Mile|''8 Mile'']], Eminem alikutana na [[50 Cent]]. Eminem alikuwa amesikiliza nyimbo za awali za 50 Cent, akazipeleka kwa [[Dr. Dre]] na kumpa nafasi ya kufanya kazi pamoja kuendeleza kipaji chake. 50 Cent alikua msanii wa kwanza kusainiwa na Shady na [[Aftermath Entertainment|Aftermath]].<ref name="50 signed">Shaheem Reid (July 1, 2002). "[http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1455486/20020628/50_cent.jhtml 50 Cent, Worth a Million to Dr. Dre and Eminem] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1455486/20020628/50_cent.jhtml |date=20080324080650 }}". [[MTV]]. Accessed March 12, 2007.</ref> ''[[8 Mile soundtrack]]'' ilikuwa albamu ya pili kutolewa na Shady.<ref>Todd Martens (January 3, 2003). "[http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/73008/8-mile-back-atop-the-billboard-200 '8 Mile' Back Atop The Billboard 200]". ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''. Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref><ref>Todd Martens (January 8, 2003). "[http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/72762/8-mile-cruises-to-fifth-week-at-no-1 '8 Mile' Cruises To Fifth Week At No. 1]". ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''. Accessed January 8, 2008.</ref> Wimbo wa kwanza ulikuwa "[[Lose Yourself]]", wimbo huo ulichaguliwa kugombania tuzo mbalimbali na kufanikiwa kushinda [[Tuzo za Akademi|Tuzo ya Akademi]], ilikuwa mara ya kwanza kwa wimbo wa hip hop kushinda tuzo hiyo.<ref>Frank Ochieng (March 23, 2003). "[http://www.theworldjournal.com/special/movies/2003/oscars2003.htm The Aftermath: The 75th Annual Academy Awards] {{Wayback|url=http://www.theworldjournal.com/special/movies/2003/oscars2003.htm |date=20131217045102 }}". TheWorldJournal.com. Accessed January 21, 2008.</ref><ref>Jon Burlingame (April 18, 2003). "[http://www.filmmusicsociety.org/news_events/features/2003/041803.html?IsArchive=041803 That Win For "Lose Yourself"]". FilmMusicSociety.org. Accessed September 11, 2007.</ref><ref>Abbey Goodman (March 23, 2003). "[http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1470713/20030324/story.jhtml 'Chicago' Dances Away With Six Oscars; Eminem's Will Be Mailed To Him] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1470713/20030324/story.jhtml |date=20100403205530 }}". [[MTV]]. Accessed January 21, 2008.</ref> Wimbo wa pili ulikuwa "[[Wanksta]]" wa 50 Cent, ulipata maarufu sana katika mji wa nyumbani wa 50 Cent. <ref>Shaheem Reid (October 1, 2002). "[http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1457865/20020930/50_cent.jhtml 50 Cent Works With Dre, Em, Trina, Possibly DMX On Debut] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1457865/20020930/50_cent.jhtml |date=20110103061138 }}". [[MTV]]. Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref> Wakati huu, Eminem pia alikuwa ameingia makubaliano na [[DJ Green Lantern]], ambaye alitoa kanda mseto ya kwanza ya lebo hiyo, ''Invasion!'', mwaka wa 2002.<ref>Shaheem Reid (April 11, 2003). "[http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1471203/20030411/eminem.jhtml Eminem Says If Tupac Were Alive, 'He Would Never Ride With Ja'] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1471203/20030411/eminem.jhtml |date=20030422225744 }}". [[MTV]]. Accessed January 23, 2008.</ref> Alikuwa DJ wa Eminem wakati wa Anger Management Tour. <ref>"[http://www.rochestercitynewspaper.com/archives/2003/12/Lighting+the+way Lighting the Way] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rochestercitynewspaper.com/archives/2003/12/Lighting+the+way |date=20120329054040 }}". ''Rochester City Newspaper'' (December 23, 2003). Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref> ==Wasanii== ===Wasanii wa sasa=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Msanii !Mwaka<br>aliosainiwa !Matoleo<br>chini ya lebo |- | [[Eminem]] | style="text-align:center;"|Mwanzilishi | style="text-align:center;"|10 |- | [[Bad Meets Evil]] | style="text-align:center;"|2011 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |- | [[Westside Boogie]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://shadyrecords.com/2017/10/11/watch-now-the-shady-records-2017-bet-hip-hop-awards-cypher/|title=Shady Records Boogie announcement|website=Shady Records|access-date=2017-10-11}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2017 | style="text-align:center;"|2 |- | Grip<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/shady-records-grip-announces-new-album-news.137743.html?_amp|title=Shady Records' Grip Announces New Album|website=HotNewHipHop|access-date=2021-08-25}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.complex.com/pigeons-and-planes/a/jacob-moore/grip-shady-records-eminem-interview|title=Grip Shady Records Interview|website=Complex|access-date=2021-08-25|accessdate=2022-08-14|archivedate=2022-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814114200/https://amp.www.complex.com/pigeons-and-planes/grip-shady-records-eminem-interview}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2021 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |} ===Wasanii wa zamani=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Msanii !Mwaka<br>aliosainiwa !Matoleo<br>chini ya lebo |- | [[D12]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/08/rappers-eminem-name-drops-and-takes-shots-at-on-kamikaze | title=A Roundup of Rappers Eminem Name-Drops and Takes Shots at on 'Kamikaze' | accessdate=2022-08-14 | archive-date=2020-12-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223205609/https://www.complex.com/music/2018/08/rappers-eminem-name-drops-and-takes-shots-at-on-kamikaze | url-status=dead }}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2000—2018 | style="text-align:center;"|2 |- | [[Obie Trice]]<ref>[http://allhiphop.com/stories/news/archive/2008/06/30/20244636.aspx Shady Records Issues Statement On Obie's Departure] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080701194014/http://allhiphop.com/stories/news/archive/2008/06/30/20244636.aspx |date=2008-07-01 }}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2001—2008 | style="text-align:center;"|2 |- | [[50 Cent]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=50 Cent Leaves Shady Records, Aftermath Entertainment & Interscope Records|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.27591/title.50-cent-leaves-shady-records-aftermath-entertainment-interscope-records|work=HipHopDX|date=2014-02-20|accessdate=2022-08-14|author=HipHopDX- https://hiphopdx.com|archive-date=2022-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220729092118/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.27591/title.50-cent-leaves-shady-records-aftermath-entertainment-interscope-records|url-status=dead}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2002—2014 | style="text-align:center;"|5 |- | [[Stat Quo]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.7949 |title=Stat Quo To Release 300-400 Unreleased Dr. Dre Tracks |accessdate=2022-08-14 |archive-date=2008-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081026074327/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.7949 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2004—2008 | style="text-align:center;"|— |- | [[Bobby Creekwater]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.aftermathmusic.com/blog/?p=591 |title=Bobby Creekwater |accessdate=2022-08-14 |archive-date=2009-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821112644/http://www.aftermathmusic.com/blog/?p=591 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2005—2009 | style="text-align:center;"|— |- | [[Cashis]] | style="text-align:center;"|2006—2011 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |- | [[Slaughterhouse (group)|Slaughterhouse]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Royce Da 5'9" Confirms That Slaughterhouse is "Done"|url=https://hiphopwired.com/750854/royce-da-59-confirms-that-slaughterhouse-is-done/|work=The Latest Hip-Hop News, Music and Media {{!}} Hip-Hop Wired|date=2018-04-26|accessdate=2022-08-14|language=en-US}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2011—2018 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |- | [[Yelawolf]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/yelawolf-amicably-announces-departure-from-shady-records-news.57378.html |title=Yelawolf Amicably Announces Departure From Shady Records |publisher=HotNewHipHop |date=August 15, 2018 |access-date=March 29, 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814114158/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/yelawolf-amicably-announces-departure-from-shady-records-news.57378.html |archivedate=2022-08-14 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | style="text-align:center;"|2011—2019 | style="text-align:center;"|4 |- | [[Griselda Records|Griselda]] | style="text-align:center;"|2017—2020 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |- | [[Westside Gunn]] | style="text-align:center;"|2017—2020 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |- | [[Conway the Machine]] | style="text-align:center;"|2017—2022 | style="text-align:center;"|1 |- |} == Diskografia == Albamu zote kwenye orodha ifuatayo zilizotolewa kupitia Shady Records na kusambazwa na [[Interscope Records]]. Studio yoyote ya ziada inayohusika imebainishwa. [[File:D12 at the Anger Management Tour in 2005.jpg|thumb|right|Kundi la Eminem, [[D12]] limetoa albamu mbili kwenye lebo.]] [[File:ObieTriceConcert 2006 cropped.jpg|180px|thumb|right|[[Obie Trice]] alitoa albamu mbili kwenye lebo hii, kabla ya kuachana na Shady mwaka wa 2008.]] === Albamu za studio === {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !Msanii !Albamu !class="unsortable"|Maelezo |- |[[D12]] |''[[Devil's Night (album)|Devil's Night]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Juni 19, 2001 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Devil's Night [Import Bonus CD] - D12 |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Platinum<ref>"[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=D12&ti=&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section Devil's Night RIAA certification]". ''[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.</ref> |- |[[Eminem]] |''[[The Eminem Show]]''<br/><small>(ilitolewa na [[Aftermath Entertainment|Aftermath]])</small> | *Ilitolewa: Mei 26, 2002 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>Billboard, [{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=eminem|chart=all}} "The Eminem Show"]. Billboard.com.</ref> *RIAA certification: Diamond<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Eminem+Show#search_section |title=RIAA – Searchable Database: Eminem Show |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=January 7, 2019 }}</ref> |- |[[50 Cent]] |''[[Get Rich or Die Tryin' (album)|Get Rich or Die Tryin']]''<br/><small>(ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Februari 6, 2003 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Get Rich or Die Tryin' - 50 Cent |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: 9× Platinum |- |[[Obie Trice]] |''[[Cheers (Obie Trice album)|Cheers]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Septemba 23, 2003 *Nafasi katika chati: #5 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Cheers - Obie Trice |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Gold<ref>{{cite web|title=Gold & Platinum: Obie Trice|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Obie+Trice+Cheers#search_section |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|access-date=December 7, 2019}}</ref> |- |D12 |''[[D12 World]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Aprili 27, 2004 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=D12 World - D12 |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: 2× Platinum<ref>"[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=D12&ti=&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section D12 World RIAA certification]". ''[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.</ref> |- |Eminem |''[[Encore (Eminem album)|Encore]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Novemba 12, 2004 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>Billboard, "[{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=eminem|chart=all}} Encore]" Billboard.com</ref> *RIAA certification: 5× Platinum<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Eminem+Encore#search_section |title=RIAA – Searchable Database: Encore |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=January 7, 2019 }}</ref> |- |50 Cent |''[[The Massacre]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Machi 3, 2005 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=The Massacre - 50 Cent |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: 6× Platinum |- |Obie Trice |''[[Second Round's on Me]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Agosti 15, 2006 *Nafasi katika chati: #8 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Second Round's on Me - Obie Trice |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: — |- |50 Cent |''[[Curtis (50 Cent album)|Curtis]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Septemba 11, 2007 *Nafasi katika chati: #2 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Curtis - 50 Cent |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Platinum |- |Eminem |''[[Relapse (Eminem album)|Relapse]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Mei 19, 2009 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S. *RIAA certification: 3× Platinum<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Relapse#search_section |title=RIAA – Searchable Database: Relapse |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=January 7, 2019 }}</ref> |- |50 Cent |''[[Before I Self Destruct]]''<br /><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Novemba 9, 2009 *Nafasi katika chati: #5 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Before I Self Destruct - 50 Cent |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Gold |- |Eminem |''[[Recovery (Eminem album)|Recovery]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Juni 18, 2010 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S. *RIAA certification: 8× Platinum<ref name="RIAA-Recovery">{{cite web |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Recovery#search_section |title=RIAA – Searchable Database: Recovery |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=January 7, 2019 }}</ref> |- |[[Yelawolf]] |''[[Radioactive (albamu)|Radioactive]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Novemba 21, 2011 *Nafasi katika chati: #27 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sohh.com/2011/11/rihanna_talks_her_way_to_the_top_drake_l.html |title=SALES WRAP: Rihanna Talks Her Way to the Top, Drake Loses His No. 1 Spot, Yelawolf Shocks the Chart |author=Cyrus Langhorne |date=November 30, 2011 |publisher=[[SOHH]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |accessdate=2022-08-14 |archivedate=2011-12-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203024523/http://www.sohh.com/2011/11/rihanna_talks_her_way_to_the_top_drake_l.html }}</ref> *RIAA certification: — |- |[[Slaughterhouse (group)|Slaughterhouse]] |''[[Welcome to: Our House]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Agosti 28, 2012 *Nafasi katika chati: #2 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |Eminem |''[[The Marshall Mathers LP 2]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Novemba 5, 2013 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S. *RIAA certification: 4× Platinum |- |rowspan="2"|Yelawolf |''[[Love Story (Yelawolf album)|Love Story]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na [[Slumerican]])</small> | *Ilitolewa: Aprili 21, 2015 *Nafasi katika chati: #3 U.S. *RIAA certification: Gold |- |''[[Trial by Fire (Yelawolf album)|Trial by Fire]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Slumerican)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Octoba 27, 2017 *Nafasi katika chati: #42 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |rowspan="2"|Eminem |''[[Revival (Eminem album)|Revival]]''<br /><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Desemba 15, 2017 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8078652/eminem-revival-debuts-at-no-1-on-billboard-200-albums-chart-g-eazy | title=Eminem's 'Revival' Debuts at No. 1 on Billboard 200 Chart, G-Eazy & Jeezy Bow in Top 10 |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 25, 2017}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Platinum<ref>"[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Eminem+Revival#search_section Revival RIAA certification]". ''[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.</ref> |- |''[[Kamikaze (Eminem album)|Kamikaze]]''<br /><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Agosti 31, 2018 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8474185/eminem-kamikaze-debuts-number-one-billboard-200-chart | title=Eminem Earns Ninth No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 Chart With 'Kamikaze' |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=September 10, 2018}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Platinum<ref>"[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Eminem&ti=&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section Kamikaze RIAA certification]". ''[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.</ref> |- |[[Westside Boogie]] |''[[Everythings for Sale]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Januari 25, 2019 *Nafasi katika chati: #28 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |Yelawolf |''[[Trunk Muzik III]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Slumerican)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Machi 29, 2019<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://hiphop-n-more.com/2019/03/yelawolf-trunk-muzik-3-track-list-shares-first-single/|title=Yelawolf Reveals 'Trunk Muzik 3' Track List; Shares First Single|last=Navjosh|date=2019-03-14|website=HipHop-N-More|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-14}}</ref> *Nafasi katika chati: #28 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |[[Griselda Records|Griselda]] |''[[WWCD (album)|WWCD]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Griselda)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Novemba 29, 2019 *Nafasi katika chati: — *RIAA certification: — |- |Eminem |''[[Music to Be Murdered By]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Januari 17, 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://shadyrecords.com/2020/01/17/eminem-music-to-be-murdered-by-out-now/|title=Eminem – 'Music to be Murdered By' Out Now}}</ref> *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S. *RIAA certification: Platinum |- |[[Westside Gunn]] |''[[Who Made the Sunshine]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Griselda)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Oktoba 2, 2020 *Nafasi katika chati: — *RIAA certification: — |- |Grip |''[[I Died for This!?]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Stray Society)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Agosti 27, 2021<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.complex.com/pigeons-and-planes/grip-shady-records-eminem-interview|title=GRIP Almost Gave Up on Rap, Then Eminem Called|last=Jacob Moore|date=2021-08-23|website=Pigeons & Planes|language=en-US|access-date=2021-08-26|archive-date=2021-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826210011/https://www.complex.com/pigeons-and-planes/grip-shady-records-eminem-interview|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Nafasi katika chati: — *RIAA certification: — |- |[[Conway the Machine]] |''[[God Don't Make Mistakes]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Griselda)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Februari 25, 2022 *Nafasi katika chati: #175 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |Westside Boogie |''[[More Black Superheroes]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Juni 17, 2022 *Nafasi katika chati: — *RIAA certification: — |- |} === Albamu za mkusanyiko === {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !Msanii !Albamu !class="unsortable"|Maelezo |- |Wasanii mbalimbali |''[[8 Mile: Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture|8 Mile]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Oktoba 29, 2002 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/#/album/original-soundtrack/8-mile/555632 |title=8 Mile - Original Soundtrack |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011}}</ref> *RIAA certification: 4× Platinum<ref>"[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=8+mile+soundtrack#search_section 8 Mile Soundtrack RIAA certification]". ''[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]''. Accessed January 7, 2019.</ref> |- |[[Eminem]] |''[[Curtain Call: The Hits]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na [[Aftermath Entertainment|Aftermath]])</small> | *Ilitolewa: Desemba 6, 2005 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>Billboard, [{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=eminem|chart=all}} "Curtain Call: The Hits"]. Billboard.com.</ref> *RIAA certification: Diamond |- |rowspan="3"|Various Artists |''[[Eminem Presents: The Re-Up]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Desemba 5, 2006 *Nafasi katika chati: #2 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/ |title=Eminem Presents: The Re-Up - Eminem |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums |archivedate=2010-12-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Platinum<ref>"[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Eminem+presents#search_section Eminem Presents the Re-Up RIAA certification]". [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]. Accessed January 7, 2019.</ref> |- |''[[Shady XV]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Novemba 24, 2014 *Nafasi katika chati: #3 U.S. *RIAA certification: Gold |- |''[[Southpaw: Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture|Southpaw]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Julai 24, 2015 *Nafasi katika chati: #5 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |[[50 Cent]] |''[[Best of 50 Cent]]''<br /><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: March 31, 2017 *Nafasi katika chati: #135 U.S. *RIAA certification: — |- |Eminem |''[[Curtain Call 2]]''<br/><small>(Ilitolewa na Aftermath)</small> | *Ilitolewa: Agosti 5, 2022 *Nafasi katika chati: — *RIAA certification: — |- |} ===Extended plays=== {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !Msanii !Albamu !class="unsortable"|Maelezo |- |[[Cashis]] |''[[The County Hound EP]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Mei 22, 2007 *Nafasi katika chati: #106 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/#/album/ca-his/the-county-hounds-ep/942766 |title=County Hounds - Cashis |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011}}</ref> *RIAA certification: — |- |[[Bad Meets Evil]] |''[[Hell: The Sequel]]'' | *Ilitolewa: Juni 14, 2011 *Nafasi katika chati: #1 U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/470157/eminem-royce-da-59-debut-at-no-1-on-billboard-200-with-bad-meets-evil-ep |title=Eminem & Royce da 5'9" Debut at No. 1 on Billboard 200 with Bad Meets Evil EP |author=Keith Caulfield |date=June 22, 2011 |publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 1, 2011}}</ref> *RIAA certification: Gold |- |} == Tanbihi == {{Reflist}} ==Vingo vya nje== *[http://www.shadyrecords.com Tovuti Rasmi] *[http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview/opar/intrview_MarcLabelle.html Mahojiano na Marc Labelle, HitQuarters Nov 2005] [[Jamii:Studio za Marekani]] [[Jamii:Studio za muziki wa hip hop]] [[Jamii:Studio za muziki]] [[Jamii:Interscope Records]] sbfgfy5sp2uawfg32j98nkkoc7wbg95 0 161396 1615625 1607922 2026-11-08T09:20:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615625 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Unyanyasaji dhidi ya wanawake''' ([[kifupi]] cha [[Kiingereza]]: '''VAW'''), unaojulikana pia kama '''unyanyasaji wa kijinsia''' ('''SGBV'''), <ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Russo|first=Nancy Felipe|last2=Pirlott|first2=Angela|date=November 2006|title=Gender-based violence: concepts, methods, and findings|journal=[[Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences]]|publisher=[[Taylor and Francis]] and [[Oxfam]]|volume=1087|issue=Violence and Exploitation Against Women and Girls|pages=178&ndash;205|bibcode=2006NYASA1087..178R|doi=10.1196/annals.1385.024|pmid=17189506}}</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140721134742/http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/pht/SGBV/en/ Sexual and Gender-based Violence] (WHO)</ref> ni vitendo vya [[ukatili]] hasa vinavyofanywa dhidi ya [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] au wasichana. Vurugu kama hizo mara nyingi huchukuliwa kama aina ya uhalifu wa chuki, <ref>''Citations'': </ref> unaofanywa dhidi yao haswa kwa sababu ni [[Jike|wanawake]], na unaweza kuchukua aina nyingi. VAW ina historia ndefu sana, ingawa matukio ya unyanyasaji yanaofautiana kwa maeneo na ata [[jamii]]. Vitendo kama hivyo mara nyingi huonekana kama njia ya kuwatiisha wanawake, iwe katika jamii kwa ujumla au katika uhusiano wa kibinafsi. ukatili huo unaweza kuibuka kutokana na hisia ya kustahiki, ubora, chuki dhidi ya wanawake au mitazamo kama hiyo katika mhalifu au tabia yake ya ukatili, hasa dhidi ya wanawake. Azimio la Umoja wa Mataifa la Kutokomeza Unyanyasaji Dhidi ya Wanawake linasema, "unyanyasaji dhidi ya wanawake ni dhihirisho la uhusiano wa kihistoria usio na usawa kati ya wanaume na wanawake" na "unyanyasaji dhidi ya wanawake ni mojawapo ya mifumo muhimu ya kijamii ambayo wanawake wanalazimishwa kuwa chini. ikilinganishwa na wanaume." <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.un-documents.net/a48r104.htm|title=A/RES/48/104 - Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women|publisher=United Nations General Assembly|accessdate=6 August 2014}}</ref> [[Kofi Annan]], [[Katibu Mkuu wa UM|Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa]], alitangaza katika ripoti ya [[2006]] iliyowekwa kwenye tovuti ya [[UNIFEM|Mfuko wa Maendeleo ya Umoja wa Mataifa kwa Wanawake]] (UNIFEM):<blockquote>Ukatili dhidi ya wanawake na wasichana ni tatizo la uwiano . Angalau mwanamke mmoja kati ya watatu duniani kote amepigwa, kulazimishwa kufanya ngono, au kunyanyaswa maishani mwake na mnyanyasaji kwa kawaida ni mtu anayejulikana naye. <ref name="Moradian">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://en.tolerancy.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=176:2009-09-15-08-37-55&catid=43:events-a-reports&Itemid=90|title=Domestic Violence against Single and Married Women in Iranian Society|author=Moradian|first=Azad|work=Tolerancy.org|publisher=[[The Chicago School of Professional Psychology]]|date=10 September 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425230632/http://en.tolerancy.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=176%3A2009-09-15-08-37-55&catid=43%3Aevents-a-reports&Itemid=90|archivedate=25 April 2012|accessdate=1 March 2015}}</ref></blockquote> : a. ukatili unaotokea katika familia au familia, ikijumuisha, ''pamoja na mengine'', unyanyasaji wa kimwili na kiakili, unyanyasaji wa kihisia na kisaikolojia, ubakaji na unyanyasaji wa kijinsia, kujamiiana na jamaa, ubakaji kati ya wanandoa, wenzi wa kawaida au wa hapa na pale na wanaoishi pamoja, uhalifu unaotendwa kwa jina la heshima, ukeketaji na mila nyingine zenye madhara kwa wanawake kama vile ndoa za kulazimishwa; == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110516094651/http://www.echr.coe.int/NR/rdonlyres/39C38938-2E29-4151-9280-D5AC063DD02E/0/FICHES_Violence_femmes_EN.pdf Violence against women], a factsheet on ECtHR case law * [https://web.archive.org/web/20221113162922/https://www.endvawnow.org/ Virtual Knowledge Centre to End Violence against Women and Girls] (in English, French, and Spanish) * [http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Women/SRWomen/Pages/SRWomenIndex.aspx UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences] * [https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/fgm/en/ World Health Organization's reports on FGM], Health complications of female genital mutilation == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Haki za binadamu]] [[Jamii:Haki za watoto]] [[Jamii:Jinsia]] t4o50k8o1pakd61rix1twoha6iwjtyv 0 163950 1615450 1517899 2026-11-07T22:33:28Z Tbm 44189 1615450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Lava Lava | background = solo_singer | picha = | alt = | maelezo = | jina la kuzaliwa = Abdul Juma Idd | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date|1993|3|27}} (umri 30) | mahali pa kuzaliwa = | kazi yake = mwanamuziki {{flatlist| * Mwimbaji | ameshirikiana na = {{flatlist| * [[Diamond Platnumz]] * [[Mbosso]] * [[Rayvanny]] * [[Harmonize]] }} | miaka ya kazi = 2015–hadi sasa | module = {{Infobox musical artist 2 | embed = yes | background = solo_singer | aina = {{flatlist| * [[Afro pop |Bongo flava]] }} | ala = Vocal | studio = {{flatlist| }} }} }} }} '''Abdul Juma Idd''' (maarufu kwa [[jina la kisanii|jina lake la kisanii]] '''Lava Lava'''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sonko gives Wasafi singer Lava Lava extensive tour of his massive shoe closetInterview|url=https://www.k24tv.co.ke/entertainment/sonko-hosts-wasafi-lava-lava-88943/|work=K24tv|accessdate=2022-12-09|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209115329/https://www.k24tv.co.ke/entertainment/sonko-hosts-wasafi-lava-lava-88943/|url-status=dead}}</ref>; amezaliwa [[27 Machi]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] anayetokea [[Tanzania]] aliyesajiliwa chini ya lebo ya [[muziki]] [[WCB Wasafi]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= WCB’s Lava Lava hits new YouTube Milestone & he is over the Moon closetInterview|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/wcbs-lava-lava-becomes-the-latest-musician-to-hit-the-1-million-subscribers-mark-on/gj96cv3|work= Pulselive| accessdate=2021-07-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= Singer Lava Lava clears the air on exiting Wasafi records |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/news/article/2001422169/singer-lava-lava-clears-the-air-on-exiting-wasafi-records|work= The Standard Media | accessdate=2021-08-30|language=en}}</ref> inayomiliki [[wasanii]] wengine kama [[D voice]], [[Queen Darleen]],[[Zuchu]], [[Mbosso]] na [[Diamond Platnumz]] ambaye ndiye mmiliki wa lebo hiyo. '''Lavalava''' ni miongoni mwa vijana wanaofanya vyema kwenye [[muziki]] wa [[Bongo Flava]] kwa sasa. Alijiunga '''WCB''' mwaka [[2015]] lakini alijulikana rasmi. == Maisha ya muziki == Safari yake ya muziki ilianzia mtaani kwao, [[Bunju]], [[Dar es Salaam]] ambapo alijenga jina lake kwa kuimba [[nyimbo]] za watu kiasi kwamba asipokuwepo mtaani hapo pengo lake huonekana. Lavalava alitoroka [[shule]] na kwenda ''Tanzania House of Talents'' (kifupi: [[THT]]) kwa ajili ya kuimba, baada ya kupita kwenye mchujo wa [[wasanii]] wachanga zaidi ya 1000 na kuingia 50 bora, alifanya mafunzo ya muziki kwa miaka mitano na kukabidhiwa [[cheti]] cha masuala ya muziki na kupewa ruhusa ya kuingia mtaani kusaka au kutafuta [[menejimenti]]. Baada ya kumaliza [[masomo]] yake aliomba nafasi [[WCB Wasafi]] na kubahatika kusajiliwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title= Diamond’s Wasafi Signee, Lava Lava Faints On Stage After Getting A Kiss From A Fan (Video) |url= https://www.kahawatungu.com/wasafi-singer-faints-on-stage/ |work= Kahawa Tungu |accessdate= 2018-07-30 |language= en |archive-date= 2021-03-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210303213835/https://www.kahawatungu.com/wasafi-singer-faints-on-stage/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> ===Diskografia=== '''Albamu''' *Promise '''Nyimbo''' *Saula akishirikiana na [[Harmonize]] *Warembo akishirikiana na [[Susumila]] *Niue *Gundu *Teja *Tuachane *Habibi *Jibebe akishirikiana na [[Mbosso]] na [[Diamond Platnumz]] *Hatuachani *Tukaze Roho *Utatulia *Utanipenda cover *Go gaga *Wanga *Tekenya *Corona *Bachela *Single *Nimekuchagua *Dede *Tattoo *Balaa *Ya Ramadhan *Kizungu zungu *Dondosa *Maji *Kibango *Mama Samia == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{DEFAULTSORT: Lava Lava)}} {{BD|1993|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa kizazi kipya]] 99xro7bsgdme3psa1naqhd6h7b9d803 1615451 1615450 2026-11-07T22:34:27Z Tbm 44189 1615451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Lava Lava | background = solo_singer | picha = | alt = | maelezo = | jina la kuzaliwa = Abdul Juma Idd | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date|1993|3|27}} (umri 30) | mahali pa kuzaliwa = | kazi yake = mwanamuziki {{flatlist| * Mwimbaji | ameshirikiana na = {{flatlist| * [[Diamond Platnumz]] * [[Mbosso]] * [[Rayvanny]] * [[Harmonize]] }} | miaka ya kazi = 2015–hadi sasa | module = {{Infobox musical artist 2 | embed = yes | background = solo_singer | aina = {{flatlist| * [[Afro pop |Bongo flava]] }} | ala = Vocal | studio = {{flatlist| }} }} }} }} '''Abdul Juma Idd''' (maarufu kwa [[jina la kisanii|jina lake la kisanii]] '''Lava Lava'''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sonko gives Wasafi singer Lava Lava extensive tour of his massive shoe closetInterview|url=https://www.k24tv.co.ke/entertainment/sonko-hosts-wasafi-lava-lava-88943/|work=K24tv|accessdate=2022-12-09|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209115329/https://www.k24tv.co.ke/entertainment/sonko-hosts-wasafi-lava-lava-88943/|url-status=dead}}</ref>; amezaliwa [[27 Machi]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] anayetokea [[Tanzania]] aliyesajiliwa chini ya lebo ya [[muziki]] [[WCB Wasafi]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= WCB’s Lava Lava hits new YouTube Milestone & he is over the Moon closetInterview|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/wcbs-lava-lava-becomes-the-latest-musician-to-hit-the-1-million-subscribers-mark-on/gj96cv3|work= Pulselive| accessdate=2021-07-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= Singer Lava Lava clears the air on exiting Wasafi records |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/news/article/2001422169/singer-lava-lava-clears-the-air-on-exiting-wasafi-records|work= The Standard Media | accessdate=2021-08-30|language=en}}</ref> inayomiliki [[wasanii]] wengine kama [[D voice]], [[Queen Darleen]], [[Zuchu]], [[Mbosso]] na [[Diamond Platnumz]] ambaye ndiye mmiliki wa lebo hiyo. '''Lavalava''' ni miongoni mwa vijana wanaofanya vyema kwenye [[muziki]] wa [[Bongo Flava]] kwa sasa. Alijiunga '''WCB''' mwaka [[2015]] lakini alijulikana rasmi. == Maisha ya muziki == Safari yake ya muziki ilianzia mtaani kwao, [[Bunju]], [[Dar es Salaam]] ambapo alijenga jina lake kwa kuimba [[nyimbo]] za watu kiasi kwamba asipokuwepo mtaani hapo pengo lake huonekana. Lavalava alitoroka [[shule]] na kwenda ''Tanzania House of Talents'' (kifupi: [[THT]]) kwa ajili ya kuimba, baada ya kupita kwenye mchujo wa [[wasanii]] wachanga zaidi ya 1000 na kuingia 50 bora, alifanya mafunzo ya muziki kwa miaka mitano na kukabidhiwa [[cheti]] cha masuala ya muziki na kupewa ruhusa ya kuingia mtaani kusaka au kutafuta [[menejimenti]]. Baada ya kumaliza [[masomo]] yake aliomba nafasi [[WCB Wasafi]] na kubahatika kusajiliwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title= Diamond’s Wasafi Signee, Lava Lava Faints On Stage After Getting A Kiss From A Fan (Video) |url= https://www.kahawatungu.com/wasafi-singer-faints-on-stage/ |work= Kahawa Tungu |accessdate= 2018-07-30 |language= en |archive-date= 2021-03-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210303213835/https://www.kahawatungu.com/wasafi-singer-faints-on-stage/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> ===Diskografia=== '''Albamu''' *Promise '''Nyimbo''' *Saula akishirikiana na [[Harmonize]] *Warembo akishirikiana na [[Susumila]] *Niue *Gundu *Teja *Tuachane *Habibi *Jibebe akishirikiana na [[Mbosso]] na [[Diamond Platnumz]] *Hatuachani *Tukaze Roho *Utatulia *Utanipenda cover *Go gaga *Wanga *Tekenya *Corona *Bachela *Single *Nimekuchagua *Dede *Tattoo *Balaa *Ya Ramadhan *Kizungu zungu *Dondosa *Maji *Kibango *Mama Samia == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{DEFAULTSORT: Lava Lava)}} {{BD|1993|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa kizazi kipya]] gctoqswfyc0i56egh3kag29njefg5lp 1615454 1615451 2026-11-07T22:39:47Z Tbm 44189 1615454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Lava Lava | background = solo_singer | picha = | alt = | maelezo = | jina la kuzaliwa = Abdul Juma Idd | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1993|3|27|df=y}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = | kazi yake = mwanamuziki {{flatlist| * Mwimbaji | ameshirikiana na = {{flatlist| * [[Diamond Platnumz]] * [[Mbosso]] * [[Rayvanny]] * [[Harmonize]] }} | miaka ya kazi = 2015–hadi sasa | module = {{Infobox musical artist 2 | embed = yes | background = solo_singer | aina = {{flatlist| * [[Afro pop |Bongo flava]] }} | ala = Vocal | studio = {{flatlist| }} }} }} }} '''Abdul Juma Idd''' (maarufu kwa [[jina la kisanii|jina lake la kisanii]] '''Lava Lava'''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sonko gives Wasafi singer Lava Lava extensive tour of his massive shoe closetInterview|url=https://www.k24tv.co.ke/entertainment/sonko-hosts-wasafi-lava-lava-88943/|work=K24tv|accessdate=2022-12-09|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209115329/https://www.k24tv.co.ke/entertainment/sonko-hosts-wasafi-lava-lava-88943/|url-status=dead}}</ref>; amezaliwa [[27 Machi]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] anayetokea [[Tanzania]] aliyesajiliwa chini ya lebo ya [[muziki]] [[WCB Wasafi]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= WCB’s Lava Lava hits new YouTube Milestone & he is over the Moon closetInterview|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/wcbs-lava-lava-becomes-the-latest-musician-to-hit-the-1-million-subscribers-mark-on/gj96cv3|work= Pulselive| accessdate=2021-07-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title= Singer Lava Lava clears the air on exiting Wasafi records |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/news/article/2001422169/singer-lava-lava-clears-the-air-on-exiting-wasafi-records|work= The Standard Media | accessdate=2021-08-30|language=en}}</ref> inayomiliki [[wasanii]] wengine kama [[D voice]], [[Queen Darleen]], [[Zuchu]], [[Mbosso]] na [[Diamond Platnumz]] ambaye ndiye mmiliki wa lebo hiyo. '''Lavalava''' ni miongoni mwa vijana wanaofanya vyema kwenye [[muziki]] wa [[Bongo Flava]] kwa sasa. Alijiunga '''WCB''' mwaka [[2015]] lakini alijulikana rasmi. == Maisha ya muziki == Safari yake ya muziki ilianzia mtaani kwao, [[Bunju]], [[Dar es Salaam]] ambapo alijenga jina lake kwa kuimba [[nyimbo]] za watu kiasi kwamba asipokuwepo mtaani hapo pengo lake huonekana. Lavalava alitoroka [[shule]] na kwenda ''Tanzania House of Talents'' (kifupi: [[THT]]) kwa ajili ya kuimba, baada ya kupita kwenye mchujo wa [[wasanii]] wachanga zaidi ya 1000 na kuingia 50 bora, alifanya mafunzo ya muziki kwa miaka mitano na kukabidhiwa [[cheti]] cha masuala ya muziki na kupewa ruhusa ya kuingia mtaani kusaka au kutafuta [[menejimenti]]. Baada ya kumaliza [[masomo]] yake aliomba nafasi [[WCB Wasafi]] na kubahatika kusajiliwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title= Diamond’s Wasafi Signee, Lava Lava Faints On Stage After Getting A Kiss From A Fan (Video) |url= https://www.kahawatungu.com/wasafi-singer-faints-on-stage/ |work= Kahawa Tungu |accessdate= 2018-07-30 |language= en |archive-date= 2021-03-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210303213835/https://www.kahawatungu.com/wasafi-singer-faints-on-stage/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> ===Diskografia=== '''Albamu''' *Promise '''Nyimbo''' *Saula akishirikiana na [[Harmonize]] *Warembo akishirikiana na [[Susumila]] *Niue *Gundu *Teja *Tuachane *Habibi *Jibebe akishirikiana na [[Mbosso]] na [[Diamond Platnumz]] *Hatuachani *Tukaze Roho *Utatulia *Utanipenda cover *Go gaga *Wanga *Tekenya *Corona *Bachela *Single *Nimekuchagua *Dede *Tattoo *Balaa *Ya Ramadhan *Kizungu zungu *Dondosa *Maji *Kibango *Mama Samia == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{DEFAULTSORT: Lava Lava)}} {{BD|1993|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa kizazi kipya]] ddl2aubge31jb0dtdkrjsnc9vvmm11j 0 166921 1615289 1519595 2026-11-07T14:11:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marie-Soleil Beaudoin''' (alizaliwa [[30 Novemba]] [[1982]]) ni [[refa|mwamuzi]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=7516&t=profile&|title=Canada Soccer|work=www.canadasoccer.com|accessdate=18 June 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117063232/https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=7516&t=profile&|archivedate=2018-11-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alitajwa kwenye orodha ya Kimataifa ya [[FIFA]] mwaka 2014. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.fifa.com/associations/association=can/footballofficials/referees/peoplekind=wor.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070918040828/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=can/footballofficials/referees/peoplekind=wor.html|archivedate=18 September 2007|title=Canada: Referees|publisher=FIFA.com|date=|accessdate=17 May 2014}}</ref> Pia ni [[profesa]] wa [[Fiziolojia|fizikia]] na [[sayansi]] ya viumbe katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Dalhousie. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Beaudoin alizaliwa mnamo 1982 huko North Vancouver, kabla ya kuhamia [[Jiji la Quebec|Quebec City]], [[Quebec]] pindi akiwa bado mtoto mchanga. Yeye ndiye mkubwa kati ya mabinti watatu katika [[familia]] yao na alianza kucheza mpira wa miguu akiwa na [[umri]] wa miaka mitano. == Kazi ya uamuzi == Beaudoin alipokea beji ya kikanda mwaka 2008, hadhi ya mkoa mwaka 2009, beji ya kitaifa mwaka 2013 na beji ya FIFA mwaka 2014. <ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Dalhousie professor also one of Canada’s top soccer referees|url=http://thechronicleherald.ca/sports/1479273-dalhousie-professor-also-one-of-canada’s-top-soccer-referees|accessdate=15 July 2018|work=The Chronicle Herald|date=19 June 2017|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 31 Agosti 2018 Beaudoin aliteuliwa kuwa mwamuzi wa [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] la Wanawake chini ya miaka 17 2018 nchini Uruguay. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.fifa.com/u17womensworldcup/news/referees-and-assistant-referees-appointed-for-uruguay-2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919094408/https://www.fifa.com/u17womensworldcup/news/referees-and-assistant-referees-appointed-for-uruguay-2018|archivedate=19 September 2018|title=FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup Uruguay 2018 - News - Referees and assistant referees appointed for Uruguay 2018 - FIFA.com|author=FIFA.com|work=www.fifa.com|language=en-GB|accessdate=23 June 2019}}</ref> Beaudoin alichezesha fainali ya mashindano hayo akiwa na waamuzi wasaidizi kutoka Jamaika, Princess Brown na Stephanie-Dale Yee Sing. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.concacaf.com/en/article/concacaf-referees-earn-another-distinction-with-fifa-under-20-world-cup-final-assignment|title=Concacaf referees earn another distinction with FIFA Under-20 World Cup Final assignment|work=www.concacaf.com|language=en|accessdate=23 June 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:wanamichezo wa Kanada]] 7s46cettpfrln109msaydnylgzijovb 0 168355 1615678 1608025 2026-11-08T11:56:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615678 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Ethiopia (Africa orthographic projection).svg|thumb|116x116px|Nchi ya Ethiopia]] '''Wahamar''' ni jamii iliyoko kusini-magharibi mwa nchi ya [[Ethiopia]]. Wao wanaishi wilaya ya Hamer ambayo ni sehemu ambayo ina rutuba ya bonde la [[Mto Omo]] katika mkoa mwa Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People’s Region (SNNPR).<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Hamer People ( Hamar tribe ) of the Omo Valley : Bull Jumping - Excelman Productions {{!}} Filming in Ethiopia : photos of a Field Producer|url=https://www.excelman.com/en/galerie/afrique/ethiopie-hamar/ethiopie-hamar.html|work=The Hamar People of the Omo Valley : bull jumping - Filming in Ethiopia : Excelman Productions {{!}} Television Production Services, Field Producer, Line Producer|accessdate=2023-04-08|language=en|author=Excelman Productions|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301213840/https://www.excelman.com/en/galerie/afrique/ethiopie-hamar/ethiopie-hamar.html|archivedate=2023-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> Idadi ya watu ambao wanaishi katika Hamar ni 60,000. Wahamar ni wafugaji na wana mila nyingi.<ref>{{Citation|title=Hamar people|date=2022-12-25|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamar_people&oldid=1129441142|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2023-04-08}}</ref> == Lugha ya Hamer-Banna == Wahamar wanasema lugha ya Hamer-Banna ambayo ni lugha inayozungumzwa na makabila kadhaa nchini Ethiopia. Ni lugha mojawapo ndani ya lugha za tawi la Kiomotiki cha Kusini na za familia ya lugha ya Kiafroasia.<ref>{{Citation|title=Hamer language|date=2021-10-10|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamer_language&oldid=1049160352|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2023-04-08}}</ref> == Uislamu na dini za jadi == Wahamar wanafuata dini mbili: [[Uislamu]] na [[Dini za jadi]]. Asilimia tisini na tano ya Wahamar ni Waislamu wa [[Wasunni|Sunni]]. Watu hawa wanaamini mafundisho matano ya msingi ya Uislamu.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ethiopia, Hamer Tribe|url=https://www.atlasofhumanity.com/hamer|work=Atlas Of Humanity|accessdate=2023-04-08|language=en|author=atlasofhumanity.com|archive-date=2023-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409205550/https://www.atlasofhumanity.com/hamer|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lakini, pia wanafuata sehemu nyingi za dini yao ya kitamaduni, Animisim. Wao wanaamini kuwa miti, miamba, wanyama, na vitu vingine vina roho. Na roho hizi ni muhimu sana kwa Wahamar.<ref>{{Citation|title=Hamar people|date=2022-12-25|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamar_people&oldid=1129441142|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2023-04-09}}</ref> == Nywele, Mavazi, na Mapambo == [[Faili:Hamar Tribe, Ethiopia (6988612896).jpg|thumb|233x233px|Wahamar]] Wanaume wanatengeneza nywele zao kwa udongo. Wanatumia rangi nyingi kama rangi nyekundu na nyeupe. Pia, wao wanavaa manyoya ya mbuni juu ya vichwa vyao kama mapambo. Wahamar wanavaa shanga za rangi nyingi na wanawake wanavaa vito vya chuma shingoni mwao. Mapambo ni muhimu sana kwa Wahamar.<ref name=":1" /> == Ardhi ya Watu wa Hamar == Katika utamaduni wa Wahamar, ardhi haimilikiwi na mtu mmoja, lakini humilikiwa na wanajamii wote. Watu wote na wanyama wote wanaweza kulima na kufuga katika ardhi yoyote. Ng’ombe na ardhi ni muhimu sana kwa Wahamar.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=BBC - Tribe - Hamar|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/tribe/tribes/hamar/index.shtml|work=www.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=2023-04-08}}</ref> == Wanaume na Wanawake == [[Faili:Hamar Tribe Wedding.jpg|thumb|288x288px|Mwanamume na mwanamke kabla ya harusi ya Hamar]] Wanaume na wanawake wana majukumu tofauti katika utamaduni wa Wahamar. Wao wanafanya kazi tofauti. Kwa mfano, wanawake na wasichana hupanda mazao, huteka maji, hupika vyakula, na huwatunza watoto. Kwa upande mwingine, vijana hulinda wanyama na hupora wanyama kutoka kwa makabila mengine. Lakini, wanaume huchunga ng’ombe, hulima mashamba kwa kutumia ng’ombe, na hufuga mizinga ya nyuki. Ni kawaida kwa watu kufanya kazi kwa pamoja. Wanawake huwaalika majirani nyumbani kwao kusaidiana kazi kubwakubwa.<ref name=":1" /> Wazazi wanadhibiti watoto wao na kufanya maamuzi kuhusu ndoa zao. Kwa mfano, wazazi huwaambia wana wao lini watafunga ndoa. Wanaume wengi hufunga ndoa wakiwa na umri wa miaka thelathini. Lakini, wanawake huolewa wakiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na saba. Ndoa inahitaji mahari kutoka kwa familia ya bwana harusi kwenda kwa familia ya bibi harusi kama mbuzi, ng’ombe, na bunduki. Pia, Wahamar hawafungi ndoa na watu nje ya kabila lao.<ref name=":1" /> Familia nyingi zinadhibitiwa na wanawake kwa sababu wanawake wanaishi muda mrefu kuliko wanaume mara nyingi. Mjane hudhitibiti ndugu wadogo na ng’ombe wa mume wake baada ya kifo cha mume wake. == Mila za Kuruka Fahali == [[Faili:Ceremony, Hamar Tribe, Ethiopia (21132344569).jpg|thumb|275x275px|Kuruka fahali]] Wahamar wana mila za kuruka fahali.<ref name=":2" /> Desturi hii inaingiza mwanaume katika uanaume. Kabla ya kufanyiwa jando kwa mvulana, nywele za mvulana hunyolewa. Halafu, yeye anapakwa mchanga ili kuosha dhambi na kupakwa kinyeshi ili kupata nguvu. Pia, anavaa gome katika umbo la msalaba ili kulinda roho yake. Wavulana wanahitaji kukimbia juu ya migongo ya mafahali mara mbili. Kama mvulana anaanguka, yeye anadhihakiwa. Kama mvulana anafanikiwa kukimbia juu ya migongo ya mafahali mara mbili, anaarikiwa na kutakuwa na ngoma kubwa. Wakati wa kuruka ng'ombe, jamaa ambao ni wasichana wanacheza na wanataka kuchapwa viboko na wanaume. Kuchapwa viboko kunaonyesha msaada wao kwa mtu ambaye amefanyiwa jando. Kuchapwa viboko husababisha deni kati kijana na dada yake. Mokovu mgongoni mwake yanaonyesha kumuunga mkono kaka yake. Kwa sababu hii, mwanaume atahitaji kumsaidia dada yake katika siku zijazo. Desturi hii inaruhusu mwanaume kuoa, kumiliki ng’ombe, na kupata watoto.<ref name=":2" /> == ‘Mingi’ == Kuna desturi ambayo inaitwa ‘mingi’ katika utamaduni Wahamar. Wanawake ambao hawajaolewa wana watoto ili kupima uwezo wao wa kuzaa. Lakini watoto wengine huwekwa porini na kuachwa wafe. Hii ni kwa sababu Wahamar wanaamini kuwa watoto ambao kuzaliwa nje ya ndoa wana ‘mingi’ ambayo ni laana ya shetani. Mingi husababisha majanga kama ukame na magonjwa. Kwa hivyo, mtoto anauawa.<ref name=":1" /> == Desturi ya Kahawa == [[Kahawa]] hupandwa katika ardhi ya Wahamar. Ni desturi kwa wazee na wakuu kunywa kahawa na mtu kabla ya kusafiri. Mzee atasema baraka na kisha kumtemea mtu kahawa iliyojaa mdomoni. Katika utamaduni Wahamar, hii itambariki mtu huyo.<ref name=":0" /> == Wakati Ujao == Barabara na miji inapanuka katika sehemu hii ya Bonde la Omo. Watu wengi wamehuria mjini, wamekwenda shuleni, na wamebadilisha desturi.<ref name=":2" /> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Ethiopia]] a1wfoudqyyztxd85dh4yyg5484yhf3x 0 171214 1615191 1518886 2026-11-07T12:22:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615191 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maho Fujishiro''' (alizaliwa [[17 Mei]] [[2000]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[beki]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Maho alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Maho Fujishiro|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021092001.pdf|access-date=27 April 2023|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet|date=September 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] h2e7mghku0deeob9qqtlt1gdaq6ehc9 0 171217 1615290 1519630 2026-11-07T14:17:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mariko Tanaka''' (alizaliwa [[10 Januari]] [[1993]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[beki]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Mariko alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Mariko Tanaka|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021092001.pdf|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 1r3s9jqdq6fry4qpmar0ggvxcvl2vcl 0 171228 1615417 1521937 2026-11-07T20:15:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615417 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Natsuki Kishikawa''' (alizaliwa [[26 Aprili]] [[1991]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Natsuki alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Natsuki Kishikawa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021092001.pdf|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] i65cqla50wyr1p6jdstqkszqs2qv3nu 0 171229 1615343 1520599 2026-11-07T16:27:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615343 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Miho Kamogawa''' (alizaliwa [[27 Agosti]] [[1997]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Miho alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Miho Kamogawa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021092001.pdf|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 61szvfox78lcabr52dcliy36np0tpjt 0 171231 1615416 1521814 2026-11-07T20:05:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615416 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nanami Sone''' (alizaliwa [[2 Septemba]] [[1999]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Nanami alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Nanami Sone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021092001.pdf|access-date=27 April 2023|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet|date=September 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] n218fhdc7p87eqlycxdh51zmpjoxq0o 0 171232 1615566 1526606 2026-11-08T06:36:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615566 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamaki Okuma''' (alizaliwa [[25 Disemba]] [[2001]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[beki]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Tamaki alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Tamaki Okuma|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021092001.pdf|access-date=27 April 2023|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet|date=September 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] kpcsq41xlb0nkm3kelb08im51jul2xb 0 171234 1615415 1521813 2026-11-07T20:05:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615415 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nanami Ishida''' (alizaliwa [[8 Septemba]] [[1998]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[beki]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Nanami alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[2 Oktoba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Nanami Ishida|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021100222.pdf|access-date=27 April 2023|website=weleague.jp|title=Scoresheet|date=October 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 4lix0scwx68ti5uz5ie66n91bbxq4gh 0 171236 1615507 1524267 2026-11-08T01:31:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615507 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reina Shirowa''' (alizaliwa [[ 9 Mei]] [[2002]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[beki]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Reina alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Reina Shirowa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2021-10-16|title=Scoresheet - 2021-22 Yogibo WE League|url=https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021101617.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-16|website=Japan Women's Empowerment Professional Football League|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016065031/https://weleague.jp/files/2021/match_pdf/2021101617.pdf |archive-date=16 October 2021 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2002]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] dj676gxwvlpdpmsc6fvcfjybvbx1h4a 0 171237 1615517 1524949 2026-11-08T03:08:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615517 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sakura Hirose''' (alizaliwa [[ 9 Septemba]] [[1997]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya [[wanawake]] ya ''JEF United Chiba'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Yogibo WE'' huko Japani. Sakura alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Ligi ya Yogibo WE mnamo [[20 Septemba]] [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|title=Sakura Hirose|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517162001/https://jefunited.co.jp/ladies/player/2021/2.html|archivedate=2022-05-17|accessdate=2023-05-31|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 98ugw7er2qvex2nbybvdaqy2iouocni 0 172785 1615674 1528959 2026-11-08T11:42:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu |rangi = |jina =Vladimir Vuletić |picha =Vladimir Vuletić.png |maelezo_ya_picha =Vladimir Vuletić |jina la kuzaliwa = |alizaliwa = [[28 Novemba]] 1978 |alikufa = |nchi = |kazi yake = |ndoa = |wazazi = wakili wa [[Serbia]] |watoto = |tovuti rasmi = }} '''Vladimir Vuletić''' (alizaliwa [[28 Novemba]] 1978) ni wakili wa [[Serbia]], profesa msaidizi katika Kitivo cha [[Sheria]], [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Belgrade na makamu wa rais wa zamani wa FK Partizan. ==Maisha ya Awali na Elimu== Vladimir Alizaliwa tarehe [[28 Novemba]] [[1978]] huko Šabac, wakati huo sehemu ya SR Serbia na SFR Yugoslavia. mbapo alimaliza shule ya msingi "Janko Veselinović" na kisha Šabac Gymnasium.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=|title=UZ NOVOG PREDSEDNIKA: Ko čini novi Upravni odbor FK Partizan!? - Domaći fudbal, Fudbal|url=https://hotsport.rs/2014/12/25/uz-novog-predsednika-ko-cini-novi-upravni-odbor-fk-partizan/|access-date=2014-12-25|website=HotSport|language=sr-RS}}</ref> ==Kazi Katika Taaluma== Vladimir Alichaguliwa kuwa mkufunzi msaidizi katika Kitivo cha Sheria cha Chuo Kikuu cha Belgrade katika uwanja wa sheria ya Kirumi mnamo Machi 2003. Akawa msaidizi mnamo [[Juni]] [[2007]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa profesa msaidizi mnamo [[Machi]] [[2011]]. Alikuwa Katibu wa Idara ya Historia ya Sheria kuanzia mwaka [[2003]] hadi [[2008]]. Kwa sasa ni profesa mshiriki katika Kitivo cha Sheria, Chuo Kikuu cha Belgrade. == FK Partizan == Katika mkutano mkuu wa mwaka wa FK Partizan, mwezi [[Desemba]] [[2014]], alichaguliwa kuwa rais wa Bodi ya Usimamizi ya klabu hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2014-12-25|title=UZ NOVOG PREDSEDNIKA: Ko čini novi Upravni odbor FK Partizan!? - Domaći fudbal, Fudbal|url=https://hotsport.rs/2014/12/25/uz-novog-predsednika-ko-cini-novi-upravni-odbor-fk-partizan/|access-date=2021-03-09|website=HotSport|language=sr-RS}}</ref> Vuletić alihudumu kama [[makamu wa rais]] wa FK Partizan hadi alipowasilisha kujiuzulu tarehe [[9 Februari]] [[2021]], kufuatia kukamatwa kwa wanachama wa kundi la mashabiki wa FK Partizan Grobari, na kugunduliwa kwa mabohari yaliyokuwa yamefichwa katika Uwanja wa Partizan ambayo yalitumika kwa shughuli za kihalifu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Vojvodine|first=Javna medijska ustanova JMU Radio-televizija|title=Potpredsednik FK Partizan Vladimir Vuletić podneo ostavku|url=https://www.rtv.rs/sr_lat/sport/fudbal/potpredsednik-fk-partizan-vladimir-vuletic-podneo-ostavku_1207170.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=JMU Radio-televizija Vojvodine|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915043045/https://www.rtv.rs/sr_lat/sport/fudbal/potpredsednik-fk-partizan-vladimir-vuletic-podneo-ostavku_1207170.html|archivedate=2023-09-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Vuletić podneo ostavku na mesto potpredsednika FK Partizan - Sport - Dnevni list Danas|url=https://www.danas.rs/sport/vuletic-podneo-ostavku-na-mesto-potpredsednika-fk-partizan/|access-date=2021-03-09|website=www.danas.rs|language=sr-RS}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:WikiForHumanRights 2023 Kilimanjaro]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Serbia]] rgme1fn3nhndcw4fx9tarfh0stnavbp 0 176174 1615541 1601005 2026-11-08T05:12:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615541 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simon Ravn''' (amezaliwa [[25 Januari]] [[1974]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://amp.dascene.net/detail.php?view=4814&detail=interview |title=Amiga Music Preservation - 2001 interview with Simon Ravn / Melomaniac}}</ref> huko [[Kopenhagen]], [[Udeni]]) ni [[mtunzi]] wa [[muziki]] na filamu nchini [[Udeni]]. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 1980 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990, aliandika muziki katika mtindo wa fail la MOD chini ya jina bandia "Melomaniac",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://amp.dascene.net/detail.php?detail=modules&view=4814 |title=Amiga Music Preservation - Melomaniac - Modules |publisher=Amp.dascene.net |accessdate=2012-03-06}}</ref> na kutumbuiza muziki wake katika mchezo wa Amiga, Foundation. <ref name="exotica">{{cite web |url=http://www.exotica.org.uk/wiki/Simon_Ravn |title=Simon Ravn |publisher=ExoticA |date= |accessdate=2012-03-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210090543/http://www.exotica.org.uk/wiki/Simon_Ravn |archivedate=2012-02-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="gamasutra">http://www.gamasutra.com/galleries/audio/simon_ravn/index.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/galleries/audio/simon_ravn/index.htm |date=20090513181613 }} Gamasutra Game Audio Gallery feature on Simon Ravn</ref> ==Kazi == '''Michezo ya video * Aina Jenetiki (Amiga) * 1999 Foundation (Amiga) * 2004 CannonCruise * 2005 Gangland * 2006 Wakala Hugo 2 - RoboRumble * 2007 Lemoon Twist * 2008 Viking: Vita kwa Asgard * Dola ya 2009: Vita Jumla * 2010 Napoleon: Vita Jumla * 2019 Jumla ya Vita: Falme Tatu ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.epicsound.com/ Tovuti rasmi ya Simon Ravn] {{en}} ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1974]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2mrcc2wjwvkda0fmfrmp1hoa34h9qd3 0 179760 1615619 1530310 2026-11-08T08:29:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615619 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tunu Pinda''' ni [[Harakati|mwanaharakati]] wa [[Tanzania]] ambaye amehusika katika kukuza [[usawa wa kijinsia]] katika sekta mbalimbali za [[maendeleo]], hasa ya [[uchumi]] wa kilimo, nchini [[Tanzania]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Tunu Pinda Foundation – Non-Governmental Organization to Train and Equip |url=https://tunupindafoundation.org/ |access-date=2023-08-18 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818163626/https://tunupindafoundation.org/ |url-status=dead }}{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-03-09 |title=Mama Tunu Pinda awataka wanawake Songwe kupinga ukatili |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/mama-tunu-pinda-awataka-wanawake-songwe-kupinga-ukatili-4152530 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=Mwananchi |language=en }}</ref> == Uanaharakati == Pinda amesisitiza umuhimu wa kanuni na [[sheria]] za kulinda watumiaji na kuboresha uwezo wa [[Tanzania]] kuuza bidhaa zake sokoni kimataifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2021-04-03|title=Improve product packaging to attract buyers, producers told|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/improve-product-packaging-to-attract-buyers-producers-told-2499762|access-date=2023-08-18|website=The Citizen|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2014]], Pinda alihutubia katika Mkutano wa Dunia wa ''Universal Peace Federation'' uliofanyika Seoul, [[Korea Kusini]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=T. Pinda: Address to World Summit 2014|url=https://www.upf.org/resources/speeches-and-articles/6023-t-pinda-speech-at-world-summit-2014|access-date=2023-08-18|website=Universal Peace Federation}}</ref> Mnamo Machi [[2024]], Pinda alianza Tunu Pinda Foundation, shirika lisilo la kiserikali lililojikita katika kuwawezesha wanawake, vijana, na watu wenye ulemavu nchini Tanzania.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=SERIKALI IMESHAFANYA MAMBO MAKUBWA KUTUWEZESHA KUINUKA-RC SENYAMULE|url=https://dodoma.go.tz/new/serikali-imeshafanya-mambo-makubwa-kutuwezesha-kuinuka-rc-senyamule|access-date=2025-07-07|website=dodoma.go.tz|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250524065227/https://dodoma.go.tz/new/serikali-imeshafanya-mambo-makubwa-kutuwezesha-kuinuka-rc-senyamule|archivedate=2025-05-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Pia ni mke wa waziri mkuu wa zamani wa Tanzania, [[Mizengo Pinda]], ambaye aliwahi kushika wadhifa huo kutoka 2008 hadi [[2015]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2021-03-11|title=Tunu: Pinda kutajwa urais kulinishtua|url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/tunu-pinda-kutajwa-urais-kulinishtua-2772530|access-date=2023-08-18|website=Mwananchi|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mama Tunu Pinda ajeruhiwa katika ajali iliyomhusisha Bodaboda, mmoja afariki|url=https://dar24.com/mama-tunu-pinda-ajeruhiwa-katika-ajali-iliyomhusisha-bodaboda-mmoja-afariki/|access-date=2023-08-18|website=Dar24|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818163649/https://dar24.com/mama-tunu-pinda-ajeruhiwa-katika-ajali-iliyomhusisha-bodaboda-mmoja-afariki/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Waziri Simbachawene ampongeza mama Tunu Pinda|url=https://www.diramakini.co.tz/2022/11/waziri-simbachawene-ampongeza-mama-tunu.html|access-date=2023-08-18|website=Diramakini|language=en}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-wanasiasa-Tanzania}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii: Wanasiasa wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii: WikiGap JWK 2026]] sy5bfz1voatp1ztywpeet650ncsrmrs 0 180774 1615390 1608485 2026-11-07T18:23:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615390 wikitext text/x-wiki Msaada wa Masomo ya Lugha za Kipeo (“Critical Language Scholarship” au “CLS” kwa Kiingereza) ni programu kwa wanafunzi Wamarekani ili kujifunza lugha zinazotoka nchi nyingi tofauti duniani ambazo ni muhimu sana kwa ushirikiano na usalama wa [[Marekani]]. Wanafunzi wanasoma lugha na wanajifunza kuhusu utamaduni wa eneo ambapo watu wanasema lugha hii.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Homepage|url=https://clscholarship.org/|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en}}</ref> == Wakati wa Programu == Wanafunzi ambao wanapata msaada wa masomo ya lugha za kipea watasafiri nchi ambapo watu wanasema lugha hii kwa wiki nane au wiki kumi.<ref name=":0" /> Wanafunzi watakwenda darasa la lugha kwa masaa kumi na tano au zaidi kila wiki; kwa hiyo, watajifunza masomo sawa na mwaka moja wa kusoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu]]. Pia, nje ya darasa, wanafunzi wataweza kuzungumza na mbia wa mazungumzo na wataweza kutalii nchi na utamaduni. Serikali ya Marekani inalipia masomo, vitabu, usafiri mpaka na toka nchi ya mwenyeji, nyumba, na chakula kwa wanafunzi wa Msaada wa Masomo ya Lugha za Kipeo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CLS Program|url=https://clscholarship.org/about|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en}}</ref> == Lugha za Kipeo == <gallery heights="80" caption="Bendera za Nchi za Lugha Chache za CLS"> Faili:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|Bendera ya China (Kichina) Faili:Flag of Japan.svg|Bendera ya Japan (Kijapani) Faili:Flag of India.svg|Bendera ya India (Kihindi) Faili:Flag of Portugal.svg|Bendera ya Ureno (Kireno) Faili:Flag of Tanzania.svg|Bendera ya Tanzania (Kiswahili) </gallery>Wanafunzi wanaweza kusoma lugha moja ya lugha kumi na tano: * [[Kiarabu]]* * [[Kiazerbaijani]] * [[Kichina]]* * [[Kihindi]] * [[Kiindonesia]] * [[Kijapani]]** * [[Kikorea]] * [[Kiajemi]] * [[Kireno]] * [[Kirusi]]* * [[Kiswahili]] * [[Kituruki]] <nowiki>*</nowiki>Wanafunzi wanahitaji wamesoma lugha hii kwa mwaka mmoja au zaidi kabla ya kufanya CLS <nowiki>**</nowiki>Wanafunzi wanahitaji wamesoma lugha hii kwa miaka miwili au zaidi kabla ya kufanya CLS<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Languages List|url=https://clscholarship.org/languages|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en}}</ref> Lugha hizi ni lugha ambazo nchi ya Marekani anasema ni muhimu sana kwa nchi kuelewa na kuungana na nchi nyingine duniani.<ref name=":0" /> Pia, lugha hizi hazifundishwi mara nyingi katika shule nyingi Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Find Programs|url=https://exchanges.state.gov/us/cls|work=exchanges.state.gov|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en}}</ref> == Programu Katika Afrika Mashariki - Kiswahili == [[Faili:Arusha Declaration Monument, Kati Ward.jpg|thumb|266x266px|Arusha, Tanzania]] Lugha moja wapo unaweza kusoma katika Msaada wa Masomo ya Lugha za Kipeo ni Kiswahili, lugha muhimu sana [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]]. Washindi wa msaada wa masomo kusoma Kiswahili wanasoma MS-TCDC katika mji wa [[Arusha (mji)|Arusha]], nchi ya [[Tanzania]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Swahili|url=https://clscholarship.org/languages/swahili|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en}}</ref> Kila mwaka, takriban wanafunzi ishirini wanapata msaada wa masomo huu ili kusoma Kiswahili. Angalia chini kuona wanafunzi wangapi walishinda msaada wa masomo huu kwa miaka nane iliopita:<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Participants|url=https://clscholarship.org/participants|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424152638/https://clscholarship.org/participants|archivedate=2024-04-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |'''Mwaka''' |'''Wanafunzi wa Shahada ya Kwanza''' |'''Wanafunzi wa Shahada ya Pili au Tatu''' |'''Wanafunzi Jumla''' |- |2023 |18 |7 |25 |- |2022 |18 |14 |32 |- |2021 |22 |7 |29 |- |2020 |10 |3 |13 |- |2019 |18 |10 |28 |- |2018 |23 |4 |27 |- |2017 |17 |10 |27 |- |2016 |17 |6 |23 |} == Wahitimu wa Programu == Baada ya kufanya Msaada wa Masomo ya Lugha za Kipeo, wahitimu wa programu wameweza kusema lugha ambayo walisoma nzuri zaidi ya kabla ya kufanya programu. Hasa wanafunzi ambao walianza kuweza kusema lugha kidogo tu wanaendelezea sana.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Language Learning Outcomes|url=https://clscholarship.org/impact/language-learning|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424152636/https://clscholarship.org/impact/language-learning|archivedate=2024-04-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> Asilimia tisini na nane wa wahitimu walitumia lugha waliyosoma kwa programu ya CLS mwaka uliofuata mwaka waliofanya programu ya CLS.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Long-Term Impact|url=https://clscholarship.org/impact/long-term|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Zaidi ya lugha tu, wahitimu wa CLS wanasema kwamba walijifunza ustadi wa mawasiliano kati ya [[utamaduni]] tofauti ambao umewasaidia kupata kazi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact|url=https://clscholarship.org/impact|work=Critical Language Scholarship Program|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424152637/https://clscholarship.org/impact|archivedate=2024-04-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Msaada ya Masomo za Lugha Nyingine == [[Faili:Fulbright Program.svg|thumb|300x300px|Programu za Fulbright, Programu Nyingine ya Kusoma Lugha]] Kuna programu nyingi zaidi kama Msaada ya Masomo ya Lugha za Kipeo ambazo zinalipiwa na serikali ya Marekani kwa wanafunzi ambao wanataka kusoma lugha au utamaduni tofauti. Hizi ni programu chache:<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=For U.S. College and University Students|url=https://studyabroad.state.gov/us-government-scholarships-and-programs/us-college-and-university-students|work=USA StudyAbroad|date=2015-11-05|accessdate=2024-04-24|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424152636/https://studyabroad.state.gov/us-government-scholarships-and-programs/us-college-and-university-students|archivedate=2024-04-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Programu ya Msaada ya Masomo ya Mataifa ya Benjamin A. Gilman * [[Programu za Fulbright za Mabadilishano|Programu ya Mwanafunzi Mmarekani ya Fulbright]] * Tunzo la Boren kwa Kusoma kwa Mataifa * Mpango GO * Uanazuoni wa Masomo wa Lugha na Maeneo Mageni == Tanbihi == <references /> [[Jamii:Elimu ya Marekani]] 5jzweaz010n8ifaj2bm62bwcfy506ut 0 180805 1615279 1332470 2026-11-07T13:44:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Margaret Mensah-Williams |picha = Margaret Mensah-Williams, October 2017 (cropped).jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Mensah-Williams mwaka 2017 |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 1961 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Mariental, Namibia |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwanasiasa |nchi = Namibia }} '''Margaret Natalie Mensah-Williams''' (amezaliwa tarehe 25 Desemba 1961) ni mwanasiasa, mwanadiplomasia na mwanachama mashuhuri wa SWAPO nchini [[Namibia]]. Anahudumu kama balozi wa Namibia nchini [[Marekani]] hadi sasa <ref>https://namibiaembassyusa.org/about-embassy/</ref> . Mensah-Williams pia alihudumu kama mjumbe wa baraza la [[Windhoek]] katika jimbo la Khomasdal Kaskazini kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2019, na kutoka katika nafasi hii alichaguliwa kuwakilisha Mkoa wa [[Khomas]] katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Namibia, chombo cha juu cha Bunge la Namibia kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2019. Katika Baraza la Kitaifa, alichaguliwa kuwa naibu mwenyekiti mwaka 1998, na Orodha ya wenyeviti wa Baraza la Kitaifa la Namibia mwaka 2015. Alichukua uamuzi wa kujiuzulu kutoka kwenye nyadhifa zote za uwakilishi wa kikanda kabla ya Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Namibia mwaka 2019 ili kugombea kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa (Namibia), chombo cha chini cha Bunge la Namibia, na baadaye akawa mbunge<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gsws.ae/speaker/ms-margaret-mensah-williams/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203101357/https://www.gsws.ae/speaker/ms-margaret-mensah-williams/ |archivedate=2020-12-03 |accessdate=2024-04-25 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Mensah-Williams alizaliwa huko Mariental, Namibia katika Magharibi mwa Afrika Kusini (sasa Namibia). Alihudhuria shule huko [[Keetmanshoop]]. Alipata cheti cha ufundishaji kutoka Chuo cha Dower [[Afrika Kusini]] mwaka 1983, cheti katika Makazi na Maendeleo ya Jamii kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha [[Cape Town]] mwaka 1985, cheti katika Ujuzi wa Majadiliano kutoka Taasisi ya Mafunzo ya Uongozi huko [[Windhoek]] mwaka 1992, na cheti kingine katika Usimamizi na Uongozi kutoka Taasisi ya Usimamizi na Uongozi ya Afrika ya Mashariki na Kusini mwa Afrika (ESAMI) huko [[Arusha]], [[Tanzania]], mwaka 1993. Pia ana Shahada ya Uzamili katika Biashara. Mensah-Williams aliingia katika siasa wakati alikuwa mwanafunzi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town ambapo alihusika katika kuandaa maandamano ya kupinga utawala wa ubaguzi wa rangi katika nchi yake ya asili Namibia na Afrika Kusini. Baada ya chuo kikuu, alianza kazi yake kama mwalimu na baadaye alifanya kazi katika jamii ya kiraia.Baada ya chuo kikuu, alianza kazi yake kama mwalimu na baadaye alifanya kazi katika jamii ya kiraia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kiafrika kwenye Wikipedia]] f1nkfwbedq9kwvdf93wl23ev81tne9x 1615302 1615279 2026-11-07T14:45:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Margaret Mensah-Williams |picha = Margaret Mensah-Williams, October 2017 (cropped).jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Mensah-Williams mwaka 2017 |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 1961 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Mariental, Namibia |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwanasiasa |nchi = Namibia }} '''Margaret Natalie Mensah-Williams''' (amezaliwa tarehe 25 Desemba 1961) ni mwanasiasa, mwanadiplomasia na mwanachama mashuhuri wa SWAPO nchini [[Namibia]]. Anahudumu kama balozi wa Namibia nchini [[Marekani]] hadi sasa <ref>https://namibiaembassyusa.org/about-embassy/</ref> . Mensah-Williams pia alihudumu kama mjumbe wa baraza la [[Windhoek]] katika jimbo la Khomasdal Kaskazini kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2019, na kutoka katika nafasi hii alichaguliwa kuwakilisha Mkoa wa [[Khomas]] katika Baraza la Kitaifa la Namibia, chombo cha juu cha Bunge la Namibia kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2019. Katika Baraza la Kitaifa, alichaguliwa kuwa naibu mwenyekiti mwaka 1998, na Orodha ya wenyeviti wa Baraza la Kitaifa la Namibia mwaka 2015. Alichukua uamuzi wa kujiuzulu kutoka kwenye nyadhifa zote za uwakilishi wa kikanda kabla ya Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Namibia mwaka 2019 ili kugombea kiti katika Bunge la Kitaifa (Namibia), chombo cha chini cha Bunge la Namibia, na baadaye akawa mbunge<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.gsws.ae/speaker/ms-margaret-mensah-williams/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203101357/https://www.gsws.ae/speaker/ms-margaret-mensah-williams/ |archivedate=2020-12-03 |accessdate=2024-04-25 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Mensah-Williams alizaliwa huko Mariental, Namibia katika Magharibi mwa Afrika Kusini (sasa Namibia). Alihudhuria shule huko [[Keetmanshoop]]. Alipata cheti cha ufundishaji kutoka Chuo cha Dower [[Afrika Kusini]] mwaka 1983, cheti katika Makazi na Maendeleo ya Jamii kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha [[Cape Town]] mwaka 1985, cheti katika Ujuzi wa Majadiliano kutoka Taasisi ya Mafunzo ya Uongozi huko [[Windhoek]] mwaka 1992, na cheti kingine katika Usimamizi na Uongozi kutoka Taasisi ya Usimamizi na Uongozi ya Afrika ya Mashariki na Kusini mwa Afrika (ESAMI) huko [[Arusha]], [[Tanzania]], mwaka 1993. Pia ana Shahada ya Uzamili katika Biashara. Mensah-Williams aliingia katika siasa wakati alikuwa mwanafunzi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town ambapo alihusika katika kuandaa maandamano ya kupinga utawala wa ubaguzi wa rangi katika nchi yake ya asili Namibia na Afrika Kusini. Baada ya chuo kikuu, alianza kazi yake kama mwalimu na baadaye alifanya kazi katika jamii ya kiraia.Baada ya chuo kikuu, alianza kazi yake kama mwalimu na baadaye alifanya kazi katika jamii ya kiraia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kiafrika kwenye Wikipedia]] k2avzoa7yaryq0bn51r5fwos4qary3r 0 180992 1615282 1332892 2026-11-07T13:53:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mari Kawamura''' (alizaliwa [[19 Desemba]] [[1988]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae alicheza kama kiungo wa timu ya taifa ya [[Wanawake|wanawake]] ya Japani.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2016/01/ladies/14527460406051.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174834/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2016/01/ladies/14527460406051.html |archivedate=2019-01-19 |accessdate=2021-02-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160118063157/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=301701/index.html FIFA]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] o6dyn079lsp80ie0g0zm398lsxgjty8 1615303 1615282 2026-11-07T14:45:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615303 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mari Kawamura''' (alizaliwa [[19 Desemba]] [[1988]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae alicheza kama kiungo wa timu ya taifa ya [[Wanawake|wanawake]] ya Japani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2016/01/ladies/14527460406051.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174834/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2016/01/ladies/14527460406051.html |archivedate=2019-01-19 |accessdate=2021-02-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160118063157/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=301701/index.html FIFA]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] t82wnh571pppetsz6911lbrctnwovz5 0 181101 1615536 1333027 2026-11-08T04:52:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shoko Mikami''' (alizaliwa [[8 Januari]] [[1981]]) ni mchezaji na meneja wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]]. Shoko aliwahi kuchezea timu ya taifa ya [[wanawake]] ya Japan.<ref name="JFA">[http://www.jfa.or.jp/archive/women/daihyo/data/WGame.pdf Japan Football Association]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2013/12/ladies/1404469320496.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130015314/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2013/12/ladies/1404469320496.html |archivedate=2020-11-30 |accessdate=2024-04-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2018/01/ladies/151554732011129.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174417/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2018/01/ladies/151554732011129.html |archivedate=2018-01-10 |accessdate=2024-04-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] d55egon9d1kpfayvs90633vkfi71jhv 1615652 1615536 2026-11-08T09:53:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615652 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shoko Mikami''' (alizaliwa [[8 Januari]] [[1981]]) ni mchezaji na meneja wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]]. Shoko aliwahi kuchezea timu ya taifa ya [[wanawake]] ya Japan.<ref name="JFA">[http://www.jfa.or.jp/archive/women/daihyo/data/WGame.pdf Japan Football Association]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2013/12/ladies/1404469320496.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130015314/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2013/12/ladies/1404469320496.html |archivedate=2020-11-30 |accessdate=2024-04-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2018/01/ladies/151554732011129.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174417/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2018/01/ladies/151554732011129.html |archivedate=2018-01-10 |accessdate=2024-04-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 8v2jqyjdr6jyj676mc13tgv6l4xj8w4 0 181279 1615299 1333426 2026-11-07T14:37:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615299 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marumi Yamazaki''' (alizaliwa [[9 Juni]] [[1990]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae alicheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa timu ya taifa ya Japani pamoja na klabu ya JEF United Chiba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/12/ladies/151460640011098.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802152555/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/12/ladies/151460640011098.html |archivedate=2021-08-02 |accessdate=2021-02-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] kw1mgxihn0jnuidc493ppzm0xab72ns 1615305 1615299 2026-11-07T14:48:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615305 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marumi Yamazaki''' (alizaliwa [[9 Juni]] [[1990]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae alicheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa timu ya taifa ya Japani pamoja na klabu ya JEF United Chiba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/12/ladies/151460640011098.html |title=JEF United Chiba |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802152555/https://jefunited.co.jp/news/2017/12/ladies/151460640011098.html |archivedate=2021-08-02 |accessdate=2021-02-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] r6hag0rktucofw4xezvwuznfxq74uod 0 182794 1615467 1523357 2026-11-07T23:05:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615467 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edgar Paul Akouokou ''' (alizaliwa [[20 Desemba]] [[1997]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Ivory Coast]] ambae anacheza kama [[kiungo]] mkabaji wa klabu ya [[Olympique Lyonnais]] inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Ufaransa na [[timu ya taifa]] ya [[Ivory Coast]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Akouokou på test till fransk ligaklubb|url=https://www.ekenasif.fi/fotboll/aktuellt/akouokou-pa-test-till-fransk-ligaklubb|work=Ekenäs Idrottsförening r.f.|accessdate=2024-06-16|language=sv-se|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126135528/https://www.ekenasif.fi/fotboll/aktuellt/akouokou-pa-test-till-fransk-ligaklubb|archivedate=2025-01-26|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Côte d'Ivoire - P. Akouokou - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/edgar-paul/442208/|work=int.soccerway.com|accessdate=2024-06-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:wachezaji mpira wa Cote d'Ivoire]] 9lxnc0qo4p7oeinohwaj05artvjc6v2 0 183045 1615567 1609148 2026-11-08T06:37:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamasha la Agbamevo''' (Tamasha la Kente) ni tamasha la kila mwaka linalosherehekewa na machifu na watu wa Eneo la Jadi la Agotime. Liko kilomita kadhaa mashariki mwa [[Ho, Ghana|Ho]] katika Mkoa wa [[Volta]] nchini [[Ghana]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=19 September 2011|title=Agotime Konor ask government to support kente industry|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Agotime-Konor-ask-government-to-support-kente-industry-219246|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Agbewode|first=Samuel|date=8 September 2009|title=Ghana: Chiefs and People of Agortime Celebrate Agbamevor Za in Style|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200909090867.html|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=All Africa}}</ref> Kawaida husherehekewa mwezi wa Agosti.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=flygoldstar.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615181846/https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|archivedate=2021-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Visit Ghana {{!}} Kpetoe Kente Weaving Village|url=https://visitghana.com/attractions/kpetoe-kente-weaving-village/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Visit Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> Wao ni Watu wa Ga-Adangbe.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}</ref> Neno Agbamevo linamaanisha 'loom-cloth' katika Lugha ya Ewe.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title="Agbamevo: The Voice of the Ewe Kente Weaver," exhibit through May 1 {{!}} North Central College Fine & Performing Arts|url=https://finearts.northcentralcollege.edu/news/agbamevo-voice-ewe-kente-weaver-exhibit-through-may-1|access-date=2020-08-18|website=finearts.northcentralcollege.edu}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Ghana]] <references />{{Ghana-stub}} ompchpu1swydf96svc8ybmdofjpize0 0 183054 1615568 1609149 2026-11-08T06:37:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamasha la Akwantutenten''' ni tamasha la kila mwaka linalosherehekewa na machifu na watu wa Worawora katika Wilaya ya Jasikan katika Mkoa wa [[Oti]] nchini [[Ghana]], ambao awali walikuwa sehemu ya Mkoa wa [[Volta]] na ni watu wa Akans.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-17|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Asantehene to Visit Volta Region|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/17034/asantehene-to-visit-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-17|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|date=6 October 2002|title=Worawora celebrate Akwantutenten festival|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Worawora-celebrate-Akwantutenten-festival-28093|access-date=2020-08-17|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Commission on Culture - Ghana - TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS IN GHANA|url=http://www.s158663955.websitehome.co.uk/ghanaculture/mod_print.php?archiveid=1829|access-date=2020-08-17|website=www.s158663955.websitehome.co.uk}}</ref> Kawaida husherehekewa mwezi wa Septemba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-17|website=flygoldstar.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615181846/https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|archivedate=2021-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sherehe == Wakati wa tamasha, kuna durbar kubwa la machifu ambapo wanakaa katika hali ya kifalme na kupokea heshima kutoka kwa raia wao. Watu kutoka maeneo mbalimbali na Akans wengine hufika katika mji wa Worawora kuonyesha ubora wao.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Akwantutenten Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/akwantutenten-festival/|access-date=2020-08-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809073035/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/akwantutenten-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maadhimisho ya kutakasa na kutuliza vinara na mahekalu hufanywa kwa mavazi meusi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=admin|date=2020-05-26|title=AKWANTUTENTEN FESTIVAL OF THE PEOPLE OF WORAWORA (AKAN)|url=https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/akwantutenten-festival-of-the-people-of-worawora-akan/|access-date=2020-08-17|website=Visit Volta Region|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806152656/https://visitvoltaregion.com/2020/05/26/akwantutenten-festival-of-the-people-of-worawora-akan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Ghana]] 6igl1o0igruiejgbkbqy87cj3t1mw7l 0 183059 1615569 1609150 2026-11-08T06:37:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamasha la Amu''' au '''Tamasha la Mchele''' ni tamasha la mavuno linaloadhimishwa kila mwaka na machifu na watu wa Vane ambao ni mji mkuu wa jadi wa watu wa Avatime.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Ghana Broadcasting Corporation|first=|date=6 September 2019|title=2019 Avatime Amu Festival launched in Accra|url=https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/general/2019-avatime-amu-festival-launched-in-accra/2019/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809074920/https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/general/2019-avatime-amu-festival-launched-in-accra/2019/ |archive-date=2021-08-09 |access-date=|website=GBC Ghana Online}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=People of Avatime celebrates Amu festival|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/657591/people-of-avatime-celebrates-amu-festival.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> Iko katika Wilaya ya [[Ho, Ghana|Ho Magharibi]] katika Mkoa wa [[Volta]] nchini [[Ghana]]. Kawaida husherehekewa katika wiki ya mwisho ya mwezi wa Novemba hadi Desemba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=flygoldstar.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615181846/https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|archivedate=2021-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wengine pia wanadai kwamba sherehe hii husherehekewa karibu na mwezi wa Septemba au Oktoba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Amu Festival|url=http://amedzofevillage.com/en/2017/04/01/amu-festival-rice-festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US}}</ref> == Sherehe == Kuna upigaji ngoma, kucheza na kuimba wakati wa tamasha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Festival {{!}} The Embassy of the Republic of Ghana, Berlin, Germany|url=https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074601/https://ghanaemberlin.de/travel-tourism/festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Amu Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/amu-festival/|access-date=2020-08-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809074919/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/amu-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Ghana]] 6mz2g2dki6d9vexulemx8kefvxg59c8 0 183060 1615628 1568425 2026-11-08T09:42:33Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing Mikola_II_(cropped)-2.jpg with [[File:Nicholas_II,_Russian_Emperor_(cropped_2).jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error)). 1615628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} Ifuatayo ni orodha ya wapokeaji wa Msururu wa Ushindi wa Kifalme: == Edward VII (1902–1910) == {| class="wikitable" !Image !Jina !Tarehe iliyokabidhiwa !Vidokezo |- |[[Faili:King_George_1923_LCCN2014715558_(cropped).jpg|105x105px]] |[[George V|George, Prince of Wales]] {{post-nominals|KG|KT|KP|GCMG|GCVO|PC|PC (Ire)|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p416">Wm. A. Shaw, ''The Knights of England'', Volume I (London, 1906) [//archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n507/mode/2up p. 416]</ref> |Baadaye George V |- |[[Faili:Prince_Arthur,_1st_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn.jpg|102x102px]] |[[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]] {{post-nominals|KG|KT|KP|GCB|GCSI|GCMG|GCIE|GCVO|PC|PC (Ire)|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415">Wm. A. Shaw, ''The Knights of England'', Volume I (London, 1906) [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n505/mode/2up p. 415]</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Frederik_VIII_of_Denmark_1909.jpg|100x100px]] |[[Frederick VIII of Denmark|Frederick, Crown Prince of Denmark]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415" /> |Baadaye Frederick VIII, Mfalme wa Denmark |- |[[Faili:Haakon_VII_FSA.jpg|119x119px]] |[[Haakon VII of Norway|Prince Charles of Denmark]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415" /> |Baadaye Haakon VII, Mfalme wa Norway |- |[[Faili:Constantine_I_of_Greece.jpg|93x93px]] |[[Constantine I of Greece|Constantine, Crown Prince of Greece]] {{post-nominals|GCB|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p416" /> |Baadaye Constantine I, Mfalme wa Hellenes |- |[[Faili:Prince_Henry_of_Prussia_(1862–1929),_brother_of_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II.jpg|108x108px]] |[[Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)|Prince Henry of Prussia]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p416" /> |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1915 |- |[[Faili:John_Campbell,_9th_Duke_of_Argyll.jpg|103x103px]] |[[John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll]] {{post-nominals|KT|GCMG|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415" /> | |- |[[Faili:Ernst_Ludwig_von_Hessen_1905_Foto_Jacob_Hilsdorf.jpeg|99x99px]] |[[Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse|Ernst Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415" /> |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1915 |- |[[Faili:Prince_Christian_of_Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg_(1831-1917).jpg|122x122px]] |[[Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|PC|ADC|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p416" /> | |- |[[Faili:1st_Duke_of_Fife_-_Walery.jpg|104x104px]] |[[Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife]] {{post-nominals|KT|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415" /> | |- |[[Faili:Kaiser_Wilhelm_II_of_Germany_-_1902.jpg|108x108px]] |[[Wilhelm II, German Emperor]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p415" /> |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1915 |- |[[Faili:King_Carlos_I_of_Portugal_-_National_Portrait_Gallery.png|100x100px]] |[[Carlos I of Portugal|Carlos I, King of Portugal and the Algarves]] {{post-nominals|KG|country=GBR}} |1902<ref name="p416" /> | |- |[[Faili:Frederick_Temple_1900_Bradford.JPG|91x91px]] |[[Frederick Temple]] |1902<ref>H. M. Spooner, 'Temple, Frederick (1821–1902)’, rev. Mark D. Chapman, ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36451, accessed 5 Feb 2012]</ref> |[[Archbishop of Canterbury|Askofu Mkuu wa Canterbury]] |- |[[Faili:George_Curzon2.jpg|101x101px]] |[[George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston|George Curzon, 1st Baron Curzon of Kedleston]] {{post-nominals|GCSI|GCIE|country=GBR}} |1903<ref name="p415" /> |Makamu wa India Baadaye 1st Earl Curzon wa Kedleston Baadaye 1st Marquess Curzon ya Kedleston |- | |[[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy]] {{post-nominals|KG|country=GBR}} |1903<ref name="p416" /> |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1941 |- |[[Faili:Nicholas II, Russian Emperor (cropped 2).jpg|105x105px]] |[[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|country=GBR}} |6 September 1904<ref name="ReferenceA">{{London Gazette|issue=27711|date=6 September 1904|page=5775}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Emperor_Francis_Joseph.jpg|105x105px]] |[[Franz Joseph I of Austria|Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria]] {{post-nominals|KG|country=GBR}} |6 September 1904<ref name="ReferenceA" /> |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1915 |- |[[Faili:Christian_IX_of_Denmark_color_altered.jpg|91x91px]] |[[Christian IX of Denmark|Christian IX, King of Denmark]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|country=GBR}} |1904<ref name="p415" /> | |- | |[[Wilhelm, German Crown Prince]] {{post-nominals|KG|country=GBR}} |1904<ref name="p416" /> |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1915 |- |[[Faili:Rey_Alfonso_XIII_de_España,_by_Kaulak.jpg|103x103px]] |[[Alfonso XIII|Alfonso XIII, King of Spain]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |9 June 1905<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27803|date=9 June 1905|page=4107}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:His_Highness_Abbas_Hilmy_II.png|95x95px]] |[[Abbas II of Egypt|Abbas II, Khedive of Egypt and Sudan]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCMG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |15 June 1905<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27807|date=16 June 1905|page=4251}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:George_I_of_Greece,_c.1912.jpg|106x106px]] |[[George I of Greece|George I, King of the Hellenes]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1 December 1905<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27859|date=1 December 1905|page=8643}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Marquess_of_Lansdowne.jpg|101x101px]] |[[Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCSI|GCMG|GCIE|country=GBR}} |22 December 1905<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27866|date=22 December 1905|page=9172}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Prince_Arthur_of_Connaught_Garter.jpg|116x116px]] |[[Prince Arthur of Connaught]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |15 May 1906<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27916|date=25 May 1906|page=3655}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Kung_Gustav_V_1935.jpg|116x116px]] |[[Gustaf V|Gustaf V, King of Sweden]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|country=GBR}} |5 May 1908<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=28134|date=5 May 1908|page=3311}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Armand_Fallières_Paris.jpg|105x105px]] |[[Armand Fallières]] |29 May 1908<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=28141|date=29 May 1908|page=3991}}</ref> |[[President of France|Rais wa Jamhuri ya Ufaransa]] |} == George V (1910–1936) == {| class="wikitable" !Image !Jina !Tarehe iliyokabidhiwa !Vidokezo |- |[[Faili:Randall_Thomas_Davidson_losslesscropstrict.jpg|93x93px]] |[[Randall Davidson]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |23 June 1911<ref name="LG1911">{{London Gazette|issue=28508|date=27 June 1911|page=4770}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa Canterbury Baadaye 1 Baron Davidson wa Lambeth |- |[[Faili:Henry_Fitzalan-Howard_(1890).jpg|104x104px]] |[[Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |23 June 1911<ref name="LG1911" /> |[[Earl Marshal]] |- |[[Faili:Marquess_of_Crewe.jpg|98x98px]] |[[Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe]] {{post-nominals|KG|country=GBR}} |13 February 1912<ref name="LG1912">{{London Gazette|issue=28580|date=13 February 1912|page=1047}}</ref> |Katibu wa Jimbo la [[India]] |- |[[Faili:Charles_Hardinge.jpg|120x120px]] |[[Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCSI|GCMG|GCIE|GCVO|ISO|country=GBR}} |13 February 1912<ref name="LG1912" /> |Makamu wa India |- |[[Faili:The_Earl_of_Rosebery.jpg|111x111px]] |[[Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery]] {{post-nominals|KG|KT|PC|country=GBR}} |4 June 1917<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=30111|date=1 June 1917|page=5462}}</ref> |Waziri Mkuu wa zamani |- |[[Faili:Prince_Yorihito.jpg|107x107px]] |[[Prince Higashifushimi Yorihito]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |28 October 1918<ref>{{cite journal|title=Visit to London of Admiral His Imperial Highness Prince Yorihito of Higashi Fushimi|volume=Royal Archives, PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/23106}}</ref> |Katika hafla ya ziara ya Mkuu katika Jumba la Buckingham kumkabidhi Mfalme George V heshima ya Kijapani ya Gensui na beji yake na upanga.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Jenzen-Jones|first1=N.R.|date=20 October 2022|title=The King George V Gensuitō: An Imperial Japanese rarity in the Royal Collection|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17416124.2022.2126100|journal=Arms & Armour|volume=19|issue=2|pages=185–197|doi=10.1080/17416124.2022.2126100|access-date=16 February 2023|s2cid=253055340}}</ref> |- |[[Faili:HRH_The_Prince_of_Wales_No_4_(HS85-10-36416).jpg|99x99px]] |[[Edward VIII|Edward, Prince of Wales]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCSI|GCMG|GCIE|GCVO|MC|PC|ADC|country=GBR}} |1921<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 1960">Whitaker's Almanack 1960</ref> |Baadaye Edward VIII Baadaye Duke wa Windsor |- |[[Faili:Archb._York_LCCN2014716215.tif|101x101px]] |[[Cosmo Gordon Lang]] |26 April 1923<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=32819|date=1 May 1923|page=3135}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa Canterbury Baadaye 1 Baron Lang wa Lambeth |- |[[Faili:Gustaf_VI_Adolf_av_Sverige_som_kronprins.jpg|101x101px]] |[[Gustaf VI Adolf|Gustaf Adolf, Crown Prince of Sweden]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1923<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 1960" /> |Baadaye Gustaf VI Adolf, Mfalme wa Uswidi |- |[[Faili:Richard_George_Penn_Curzon,_Vanity_Fair,_1896-06-04.jpg|123x123px]] |[[Richard Curzon, 4th Earl Howe]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|TD|JP|country=GBR}} |1925 |Bwana Chamberlain wa zamani kwa Malkia Alexandra |- |[[Faili:King_George_VI_LOC_matpc.14736_(cleaned).jpg|102x102px]] |[[George VI|Prince Albert, Duke of York]] {{post-nominals|KG|KT|GCMG|GCVO|PC|ADC|country=GBR}} |1927<ref>Whitaker's. Almanack 1947</ref> |Baadaye George VI |- |[[Faili:King_Amanullah_Khan.jpg|101x101px]] |[[Amanullah Khan|Amānullāh Khān, King of Afghanistan]] |1928 | |- |[[Faili:Takamatsunomiya_nobuhito.jpg|100x100px]] |[[Nobuhito, Prince Takamatsu]] |1930 |Ilibatilishwa mnamo 1942 |- |[[Faili:Haile_Selassie_in_full_dress_(cropped).jpg|100x100px]] |[[Haile Selassie|Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCMG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1930<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 1960" /> | |- |[[Faili:Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester.jpg|94x94px]] |[[Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester]] {{post-nominals|KG|PO|GCVO|country=GBR}} |3 June 1932<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=33831|date=31 May 1932|page=3573}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:William_Cavendish-Bentinck,_6th_Duke_of_Portland,_by_Elliott_&_Fry.jpg|108x108px]] |[[William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |13 June 1932<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=33836|date=17 June 1932|page=3946}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Prince_Paul_of_Yugoslavia.jpg|125x125px]] |[[Prince Paul of Yugoslavia|Paul, Prince Regent of Yugoslavia]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1934<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 1960" /> | |- |[[Faili:Umberto_II,_1944.jpg|92x92px]] |[[Umberto II of Italy|Umberto, Prince of Piedmont]] |1935 |Baadaye Umberto II, Mfalme wa Italia |- |[[Faili:17th_Earl_of_Derby.jpg|98x98px]] |[[Edward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |1935<ref name="LG1935">{{London Gazette|issue=34119|date=28 December 1934|page=7}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Earlofathlone.jpg|95x95px]] |[[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|DSO|GCVO|PC|ADC|country=GBR}} |1935<ref name="LG1935" /> |Mzaliwa wa Prince Alexander wa Teck |- |[[Faili:Coronet_of_a_British_Earl.svg|75x75px]] [[Faili:Earl_of_Cromer_COA.svg|87x87px]] |[[Rowland Baring, 2nd Earl of Cromer]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCIE|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |3 June 1935<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34166|date=31 May 1935|page=3600}}</ref> |[[Lord Chamberlain|Bwana Chamberlain wa Kaya]] |- |[[Faili:Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent.jpg|102x102px]] |[[Prince George, Duke of Kent]] {{post-nominals|KG|KT|GCMG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1 January 1936<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34238|date=31 December 1935|page=7}}</ref> | |} == George VI (1936–1952) == {| class="wikitable" !Image !Jina !Tarehe iliyokabidhiwa !Vidokezo |- |[[Faili:Chichibunomiya_Yasuhito.jpg|99x99px]] |[[Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu]] |1937 | |- |[[Faili:Queen_Elizabeth_the_Queen_Mother_portrait.jpg|94x94px]] |[[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Queen Elizabeth]] {{post-nominals|LG|CI|GCVO|GBE|country=GBR}} |11 May 1937<ref name="LG1937">{{London Gazette|issue=34396|date=11 May 1937|page=3074}}</ref> |Baadaye Malkia Elizabeth Mama wa Malkia |- |[[Faili:Queenmaryformalportrait_edit3.jpg|105x105px]] |[[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]] {{post-nominals|LG|VA|CI|GCSI|GCVO|GBE|RRC|country=GBR}} |11 May 1937<ref name="LG1937" /> | |- | |[[Clive Wigram, 1st Baron Wigram]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCVO|CSI|PC|country=GBR}} |11 May 1937<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=343966|date=11 May 1937|page=3083}}</ref> |Former [[Private Secretary to the Sovereign]] |- |[[Faili:Leopold_III_(1934).jpg|98x98px]] |[[Leopold III of Belgium|Leopold III, King of the Belgians]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1937<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 19602" /> | |- |[[Faili:James_Hamilton_3rd_Duke_of_Abercorn.png|154x154px]] |[[James Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Abercorn]] {{post-nominals|KG|KP|country=GBR}} |10 August 1945<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=37216|date=10 August 1945|page=4085}}</ref> |[[Governor of Northern Ireland]] |- |[[Faili:NezamHaydarabad_(cropped_to_image_only).jpg|102x102px]] |[[Mir Osman Ali Khan|Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII]] {{post-nominals|GCSI|GBE|country=GBR}} |1 January 1946<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=37407|date=28 December 1945|page=12}}</ref> |[[Nizam of Hyderabad]] |- |[[Faili:Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, 1973.jpg|94x94px]] |[[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran]] |1948<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 19602" /> | |- | |[[Geoffrey Fisher]] |1 January 1949<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=38493|date=31 December 1948|page=5}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa Canterbury Baadaye Baron Fisher wa Lambeth |- | |[[John Weir (physician)|Sir John Weir]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |9 June 1949<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=38640|date=14 June 1949|page=2947}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Queen_Juliana_of_the_Netherlands,_1961_studio_portrait_(by_Max_Koot)_–_Nationaal_Archief.jpg|96x96px]] |[[Juliana of the Netherlands|Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands]] |1950<ref name="Whitaker's Almanack 19602" /> | |} == Elizabeth II (1952–2022) == {| class="wikitable" !Image !Jina !Tarehe iliyokabidhiwa !Vidokezo |- |[[Faili:George_Herbert_Hyde_Villiers_in_October_of_1899.jpg|105x105px]] |[[George Villiers, 6th Earl of Clarendon]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCMG|GCVO|PC|DL|country=GBR}} |24 October 1952<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=39678|date=24 October 1952|page=5606}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Bwana Chamberlain wa Kaya |- |[[Faili:Shield_of_Arms_of_Bernard_Fitzalan-Howard,_16th_Duke_of_Norfolk,_KG,_GCVO,_GBE,_TD,_PC.png|75x75px]] |[[Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|PC|DL|country=GBR}} |1 June 1953<ref name="LG1953">{{London Gazette|issue=39863|date=26 May 1953|page=2946}}</ref> |Earl Marshal |- |[[Faili:10th_Duke_of_Beaufort_3_Allan_Warren.jpg|112x112px]] |[[Henry Somerset, 10th Duke of Beaufort]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |1 June 1953<ref name="LG1953" /> |[[Master of the Horse|Mwalimu wa Farasi]] |- |[[Faili:Olav_V_of_Norway.jpg|92x92px]] |[[Olav V of Norway|Olav, Crown Prince of Norway]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1955 |Baadaye Olav V, Mfalme wa Norway |- |[[Faili:Faisal_II_of_Iraq,_1950s.jpg|89x89px]] |[[Faisal II of Iraq|Faisal II, King of Iraq]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1955 | |- |[[Faili:General_Francisco_Higino_Craveiro_Lopes,_Presidente_de_Portugal.tif|105x105px]] |[[Francisco Craveiro Lopes]] |1957 |[[President of Portugal|Rais wa Jamhuri ya Ureno]] |- |[[Faili:Frederik_IX_(cropped)_-_Det_Kongelige_Bibliotek_(KE062449).jpg|107x107px]] |[[Frederik IX of Denmark|Frederik IX, King of Denmark]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCB|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1957 | |- |[[Faili:Governor_General_Vincent_Massey_(cropped).jpg|111x111px]] |[[Vincent Massey]] {{post-nominals|CH|CD|country=GBR}} |29 July 1960<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=42105|date=29 July 1960|page=5227}}</ref> |[[Governor General of Canada|Gavana Mkuu wa Kanada]] |- |[[Faili:Aankomst_Koning_Bhumibol_en_Koningin_Sirikit_te_Den_Haag,_Koning_Bhumibol,_Bestanddeelnr_911-6993_(cropped).jpg|100x100px]] |[[Bhumibol Adulyadej|Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand]] |1960 | |- |[[Faili:De_Gaulle-OWI_(cropped)-(c).jpg|115x115px]] |[[Charles de Gaulle]] |1960 |President of the French Republic |- |[[Faili:Mahendra_Ratna_1957_(cropped).jpg|119x119px]] |[[Mahendra of Nepal|Mahendra, King of Nepal]] |1961 | |- | |[[Roger Lumley, 11th Earl of Scarbrough]] {{post-nominals|KG|GCSI|GCIE|GCVO|TD|PC|DL|country=GBR}} |1 January 1963<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=42909|date=1 February 1963|page=979}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Bwana Chamberlain wa Kaya |- | |[[Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton]] {{post-nominals|KT|GCVO|AFC|country=GBR}} |3 March 1964<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=43262|date=3 March 1964|page=1983}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Bwana Wakili wa Kaya |- |[[Faili:Crown_Prince_Asfaw_Wossen.jpg|100x100px]] |[[Amha Selassie|Amha Selassie, Crown Prince of Ethiopia]] {{post-nominals|GCMG|GBE|country=GBR}} |1965 | |- |[[Faili:Hussein_of_Jordan_in_1997.jpg|91x91px]] |[[Hussein of Jordan|Hussein I, King of Jordan]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1966 | |- |[[Faili:Muhammed_Ayub_Khan.JPG|103x103px]] |[[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Ayub Khan]] {{post-nominals|GCMG|MBE|country=GBR}} |1966 |[[President of Pakistan|Rais wa Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Pakistan]] |- |[[Faili:King_Faisal_bin_Abdulaziz.jpg|92x92px]] |[[Faisal of Saudi Arabia|Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia]] |1967<ref>{{cite journal|author=Owain Raw-Rees|year=1998|title=King Faisal OF Saudi Arabia, His Awards and the Saudi Order of King Faisal|url=http://www.omsa.org/files/jomsa_arch/Splits/1998/4079_JOMSA_Vol49_4_19.pdf|publisher=The Medal Collector|volume=49|issue=4}}</ref> | |- | |[[Michael Adeane, Baron Adeane|Sir Michael Adeane]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCVO|country=GBR}} |11 April 1972<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=45643|date=11 April 1972|page=4295}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Katibu Binafsi wa Mfalme Baadaye Baron Adeane |- |[[Faili:King_Zahir_Shah_of_Afghanistan_in_1963.jpg|98x98px]] |[[Mohammad Zahir Shah|Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan]] |1972 | |- |[[Faili:Governor_General_Roland_Michener_at_Alma_College_graduation_ceremonies_1972_(crop).jpg|90x90px]] |[[Roland Michener]] {{post-nominals|PC|CC|CMM|OOnt|CD|QC|country=GBR}} |3 August 1973<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=46052|date=14 August 1973|page=9729}}</ref> |Gavana Mkuu wa Kanada |- |[[Faili:Michael_Ramsey_1974.jpg|104x104px]] |[[Michael Ramsey|Michael Ramsey, Baron Ramsey of Canterbury]] |19 November 1974<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=46409|date=22 November 1974|page=11623}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa zamani wa Canterbury |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Drottning_Margrethe_av_Danmark.jpg|112x112px]] |[[Margrethe II of Denmark|Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark]] |1974 |Aliachiliwa mnamo 2024 |- |[[Faili:Birendra_Bir_Bikram_Shah_c._1967_(restoration).jpg|112x112px]] |[[Birendra of Nepal|Birendra, King of Nepal]] |1975 | |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden 2018 (42282165922) (cropped).jpg|102x102px]] |[[Carl XVI Gustaf|Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden]] |1975 | |- | |[[Donald Coggan|Donald Coggan, Baron Coggan]] {{post-nominals|PC|country=GBR}} |14 March 1980<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=48128|date=14 March 1980|page=3999}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa zamani wa Canterbury |- |[[Faili:King_Khalid_bin_Abdulaziz.jpg|102x102px]] |[[Khalid of Saudi Arabia|Khalid, King of Saudi Arabia]] |1981 | |- |[[Faili:George_Cakobau_(cropped).jpg|93x93px]] |[[George Cakobau|Ratu Sir George Cakobau]] {{post-nominals|GCMG|OBE|country=GBR}} |30 October 1982<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=49255|date=4 February 1983|page=1698}}</ref> |[[Governor-General of Fiji|Gavana Mkuu wa Fiji]] |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Prinses_Beatrix.jpg|106x106px]] |[[Beatrix of the Netherlands|Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1982 |Aliachiliwa mnamo 2013 |- |[[Faili:Charles_Maclean,_Baron_Maclean_coat_of_arms.svg|75x75px]] |[[Charles Maclean, Baron Maclean]] {{post-nominals|KT|GCVO|KBE|PC|country=GBR}} |29 November 1984<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=49955|date=11 December 1984|page=16769}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Bwana Chamberlain wa Kaya |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:General_António_Ramalho_Eanes.png|112x112px]] |[[António Ramalho Eanes]] {{post-nominals|GCB|country=GBR}} |1985 |Rais wa Jamhuri ya Ureno |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Ministru_prezidents_Valdis_Dombrovskis_oficiālās_pusdienās_tiekas_ar_Spānijas_karali_Huanu_Karlosu_I_un_karalieni_Sofiju_(3506936051)_(cropped).jpg|98x98px]] |[[Juan Carlos I|Juan Carlos I, King of Spain]] |1986 |Aliachiliwa mwaka 2014 |- |[[Faili:Fahd_of_Saudi_Arabia_Portrait.jpg|94x94px]] |[[Fahd of Saudi Arabia|Fahd, King of Saudi Arabia]] |1987 | |- |[[Faili:Prinses_Margaret_,_Lord_Snowdon_en_Prins_Bernhard_in_de_Hoovercraft,_Prinses_Mar,_Bestanddeelnr_917-7816_(cropped).jpg|104x104px]] |[[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon|The Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon]] {{post-nominals|CI|GCVO|CD|country=GBR}} |21 August 1990<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52253|date=24 August 1990|page=13769}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Runcie_Escutcheon.png|82x82px]] |[[Robert Runcie|Robert Runcie, Baron Runcie]] {{post-nominals|MC|PC|country=GBR}} |1991<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52450|date=15 February 1991|page=2431}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa zamani wa Canterbury |- | |[[Martin Charteris, Baron Charteris of Amisfield]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCVO|OBE|QSO|PC|country=GBR}} |10 July 1992<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=52987|date=10 July 1992|page=11675}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Katibu Binafsi wa Mfalme |- |[[Faili:President_François_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg|102x102px]] |[[François Mitterrand]] {{post-nominals|GCB|country=GBR}} |1992 |Rais wa Jamhuri ya Ufaransa |- |[[Faili:Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1991-039-11,_Richard_v._Weizsäcker.jpg|104x104px]] |[[Richard von Weizsäcker]] |1992 |[[President of Germany|Rais wa Shirikisho la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Ujerumani]] |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:King_Harald_V_2021.jpg|91x91px]] |[[Harald V of Norway|Harald V, King of Norway]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|country=GBR}} |1994<ref>{{cite web|title=Court Circular|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4661909.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126062347/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4661909.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 January 2013|date=6 July 1994|publisher=The Independent|accessdate=2 June 2012}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Earldom_of_Airlie.svg|75x75px]] |[[David Ogilvy, 13th Earl of Airlie]] {{post-nominals|KT|GCVO|PC|country=GBR}} |Tarehe 17 Desemba mwaka wa 1997<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=54984|date=19 December 1997|page=14236}}</ref> |Aliyekuwa Bwana Chamberlain wa Kaya |- |[[Faili:17th_Duke_of_Norfolk_Allan_Warren.jpg|102x102px]] |[[Miles Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk]] {{post-nominals|KG|CB|CBE|MC|DL|country=GBR}} |Tarehe 1 Novemba 2000<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=56024|date=10 November 2000|page=12689}}</ref> |Earl Marshal |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Archbishop_george_carey1.jpg|97x97px]] |[[George Carey|George Carey, Baron Carey of Clifton]] {{post-nominals|PC|country=GBR}} |Oktoba 29, 2002<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=56749|date=12 November 2002|page=13695}}</ref> |Askofu Mkuu wa zamani wa Canterbury |- |[[Faili:Duke_of_Edinburgh_33_Allan_Warren.jpg|111x111px]] |[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]] {{post-nominals|KG|KT|OM|GBE|AC|QSO|country=GBR}} |Novemba 20, 2007<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=58519|date=22 November 2007|page=16987}}</ref> | |- |[[Faili:King_Abdullah_bin_Abdul_al-Saud_January_2007.jpg|98x98px]] |[[Abdullah of Saudi Arabia|Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia]] |2007 | |- |[[Faili:QaboosBinSaidAlSaid_(cropped).jpg|85x85px]] |[[Qaboos bin Said|Qaboos, Sultan of Oman]] {{post-nominals|GCB|GCMG|GCVO|country=GBR}} |2010 | |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Rowan_Williams_-001b.jpg|91x91px]] |[[Rowan Williams]] {{post-nominals|PC|country=GBR}} |4 Oktoba 2012 |Askofu Mkuu wa zamani wa Canterbury Baadaye Baron Williams wa Oystermouth |- valign="center" style="background:#DDFDDD" |[[Faili:Official_portrait_of_Earl_Peel_crop_2.jpg|100x100px]] |[[William Peel, 3rd Earl Peel]] {{post-nominals|GCVO|PC|DL|country=GBR}} |13 Aprili 2021 |Aliyekuwa Bwana Chamberlain wa Kaya |} == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:orodha za watu]] efryim495tcuwm0b436qd6mpcd8ajo0 0 183307 1615439 1547136 2026-11-07T22:23:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615439 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ourproject.org''' (OP) ni hifadhi ya maudhui huria inayowezesha ushirikiano kupitia wavuti. Inatumika kama kitovu cha ujenzi na matengenezo ya miradi ya kijamii, kitamaduni, na kisanii,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://libreprojects.ourproject.org/article.php3?id_article=15|title=Definition and creation of free projects|work=libreprojects.ourproject.org|accessdate=2024-06-25|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215031/http://libreprojects.ourproject.org/article.php3?id_article=15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations|last=Camino|first=S.|author2=F. Javier|author3=M. Jiménez Gañán|author4=S. Frutos Cid|publisher=IGI Global, Information Science Reference|year=2008|isbn=978-1-59904-885-7|chapter=Collaborative Development within Open Source Communities}}</ref> ikitoa nafasi ya wavuti na zana mbalimbali huku ikilenga kueneza maarifa huru. OP inalenga kupanua mawazo na mbinu za programu<ref>{{cite news|title=There's Life after Microsoft – Free Software Advocates|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2004/01/technology-theres-life-after-microsoft-free-software-advocates/|access-date=3 February 2011|newspaper=Inter Press Service News Agency|date=24 January 2004}}</ref> huria katika nyanja za kijamii na utamaduni huria kwa ujumla.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gnu.org/links/|title=The GNU project links Ourproject.org cataloguing it as "Free knowledge & free culture"|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614001211/http://www.gnu.org/links/|archivedate=2024-06-14|accessdate=2024-06-25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="PresentationWCF2">{{cite web|title=Extrapolando la filosofía del Software Libre a otras áreas del conocimiento|url=http://www.softwarelibre.cl/drupal//?q=node/862|work=Presentation of ourproject in the World Cultural Forum|access-date=3 February 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707012135/http://www.softwarelibre.cl/drupal//?q=node%2F862|archive-date=7 July 2011}}</ref> Tangu Septemba 2009, OurProject inasimamiwa na Chama cha Comunes,,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://comunes.org/en/|title=The Comunes Association is the current umbrella organisation for OurProject|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316065847/http://comunes.org/en|archive-date=2010-03-16}}</ref> na imeanzisha mtandao wa kijamii wa ushirikiano kwa vikundi unaoitwa Kune. == Marejeo == {{Reflist|30em}} {{Mbegu-teknolojia}} [[Jamii:Intaneti]] 3gp3s9niug1u1cho73j7kqesprwm55d 0 183702 1615570 1530281 2026-11-08T06:37:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamasha la Dumba''' ni tamasha la kila mwaka linaloadhimishwa na machifu na watu wa Wa katika Mkoa wa Upper West wa [[Ghana]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Mahama|first=John Dramani|title=2019 Dumba Festival- Wala Traditional Area.|date=2019-11-14|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/fhcommsbureau/49067687498/|access-date=2020-08-27}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dumba Festival: Wa Naa To Launch Education Endowment Fund At 2019|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/961024/dumba-festival-wa-naa-to-launch-education-endowme.html|access-date=2020-08-27|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2019-11-15|title=Photos: Mahama joins 2019 Damba Festival celebration|url=https://www.theghanareport.com/photos-mahama-joins-wala-traditional-area-for-2019-damba-festival/|access-date=2020-08-27|website=The Ghana Report|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219050827/https://www.theghanareport.com/photos-mahama-joins-wala-traditional-area-for-2019-damba-festival/|archivedate=2019-12-19|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=17 April 2006|title=Wa-Naa calls for unity in Wala Traditional Area|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Wa-Naa-calls-for-unity-in-Wala-Traditional-Area-102757|access-date=2020-08-27|website=ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Upper West – GWCL - Welcome|language=en-US|work=GWCL - Welcome|url=https://gwcl.com.gh/upper-west/|access-date=2020-08-27}}</ref> Kawaida huadhimishwa katika mwezi wa Septemba au Oktoba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=At the peak of Dumba Festival|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/features/features/at-the-peak-of-dumba-festival.html|access-date=2020-08-27|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Ghana]] hp4p589htro4dxdp1bqn24qu0cbxhte 0 183812 1615573 1609152 2026-11-08T06:40:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615573 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamasha la Sasadu''' ni tamasha la kila mwaka linaloadhimishwa na machifu na watu wa jamii za Sasadu ni Alavanyo, Akrofu, Saviefe, na Sovie. Linapatikana katika Manispaa ya Hohoe katika Mkoa wa [[Volta]] wa [[Ghana]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sasadu Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/sasadu-festival/|access-date=2020-08-19|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809075816/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/sasadu-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2017-11-29|title=Alavanyo: 62-yr old man missing in suspected kidnapping, murder|url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/11/alavanyo-62-yr-old-man-missing-in-suspected-kidnapping-murder/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809075817/https://citifmonline.com/2017/11/alavanyo-62-yr-old-man-missing-in-suspected-kidnapping-murder/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kwa kawaida huadhimishwa katika mwezi wa Oktoba kwa msingi wa zamu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-19|website=flygoldstar.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615181846/https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|archivedate=2021-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}</ref> '''SASADU''' ni kifupi cha Sovie, Alavanyo, Saviefe, Akrofu Development Union, kilichoashiria umoja na amani kati ya jamii hizi nne.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2010-11-07|title=Agriculture is backbone to "Better Ghana Agenda" - Veep|url=https://myjoyonline.com/news/agriculture-is-backbone-to-better-ghana-agenda-veep/|access-date=2020-08-19|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Ghana]] mwz8po75t1c1tvmmckv63je50h1ykv3 0 183821 1615572 1609151 2026-11-08T06:40:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615572 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamasha la Maporomoko ya Maji ya Wli''' ni tamasha la kila mwaka linaloadhimishwa na machifu na watu wa Eneo la Kitamaduni la Wli katika Mkoa wa [[Volta]] wa [[Ghana]]. Linajumuisha jamii za Todzi, Agoviefe na Afegame.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wli Falls Festival in Volta|url=http://amedzofevillage.com/en/2016/04/16/323/|access-date=2020-08-20|language=en-US}}</ref> Kwa kawaida huadhimishwa katika mwezi wa Septemba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Festivals|url=https://visitvoltaregion.com/festivals/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=Visit Volta Region|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507183805/https://visitvoltaregion.com/festivals/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Festivals Ghana - Easy Track Ghana|url=https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|access-date=2020-08-20|website=www.easytrackghana.com|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025215133/https://www.easytrackghana.com/cultural-overview-ghana_festivals.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Goldstar Air {{!}} Tour Packages Volta Region|url=https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|access-date=2020-08-20|website=flygoldstar.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615181846/https://flygoldstar.com/tour-packages-volta-region.html|archivedate=2021-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Maporomoko ya Maji ya Wli'' yako takriban kilomita 20 kutoka [[Hohoe]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2016-02-24|title=Volta Region|url=https://touringghana.com/volta-region/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=touringghana.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wli Falls Festival – FIANDAD GHANA LIMITED|url=https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/wli-falls-festival/|access-date=2020-08-20|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809095945/https://www.fiandadghanalimited.com/wli-falls-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Matamasha nchini Ghana]] seh8sohkdsmg3lyfs1af25ieuz77fz3 0 184692 1615526 1540573 2026-11-08T04:01:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu Mashuhuri |jina = Sean Patrick Forbes |picha = Sean At 54 Sound.jpg |caption = Sean Forbes Rapping |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufa = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anajulikana_kwa_ajili_ya = |kazi_yake = msanii wa hip hop |utaifa = Marekani }} '''Sean Patrick Forbes''' ni [[msanii]] wa [[hip hop]] kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye ni kiziwi.<ref name="Sean Forbes Not Hard To Hear">[http://abilitymagazine.com/Sean-Forbes.html "Sean Forbes Not Hard To Hear"], "Ability magazine", February/March 2011. Retrieved May 3, 2013.</ref> Yeye ni mwanzilishi mwenza wa D-PAN, The Deaf Professional Arts Network, shirika lisilo la faida lililoanzishwa mwaka 2006 likiwa na lengo la kufanya muziki kuwa rahisi kupatikana kwa jamii ya viziwi na wenye matatizo ya kusikia. D-PAN imeunda video za muziki zilizo na tafsiri ya Lugha ya Ishara ya Marekani kwa nyimbo maarufu. D-PAN imetengeneza [[video]] kwa ajili ya John Mayer, Christina Aguilera, Eminem, White Stripes, Owl City, Carly Rae Jepsen, The Clark Sisters, Imagine Dragons, na wengine wengi.<ref name="Sign It">{{cite web|title=Meet Your "Sign It ASL" Instructors|url=https://signitasl.com/instructors/|website=Sign It: American Sign Language Made Easy|accessdate=3 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715081207/https://www.signitasl.com/instructors/|archivedate=2024-07-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> D-PAN ni shirika maarufu duniani la upatikanaji wa Lugha ya Ishara ya Marekani na linafanya kazi na makampuni makubwa ya uzalishaji kutoa video za upatikanaji wa Lugha ya Ishara ya Marekani, vichwa vya habari, na tafsiri ili maudhui ya video yaweze kufurahiwa na kila mtu. Mnamo mwaka wa 2010, Sean alitia saini mkataba na Web Entertainment, lebo ileile iliyomgundua na kumzalisha Eminem, na kutolewa wimbo wake wa kwanza "I'm Deaf" ukiwa na video ya muziki. Mnamo mwaka wa 2011 alitoa wimbo wake wa pili "Let's Mambo" akiwa na mwigizaji wa tuzo ya Academy Award, Marlee Matlin, akicheza kama mpenzi wake. Mnamo mwaka wa 2012,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2011-06-01|title=Deaf Rapper Sean Forbes Dances with Marlee Matlin in New Video|url=https://patch.com/michigan/ferndale/deaf-rapper-sean-forbes-dances-with-marlee-matlin-in-new-video|access-date=2024-07-15|website=Ferndale, MI Patch|language=en}}</ref> Sean alitoa albamu kamili ya CD/DVD iitwayo Perfect Imperfection. Mnamo Februari 2020, Sean alitoa albamu yake ya pili "Little Victories" na mara moja ikaingia katika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati kadhaa za [[muziki]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-02-29|title=Deaf Detroit area rapper Sean Forbes makes history, shoots up the charts|url=https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/deaf-detroit-area-rapper-sean-forbes-makes-history-shoots-up-the-charts|access-date=2024-07-15|website=FOX 2 Detroit|language=en-US}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 13, 2022, Forbes alifanya maonyesho katika kipindi cha mapumziko ya Super Bowl LVI kwa kutumia [[Lugha]] ya [[Ishara]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wiki4Inclusion Campaign in Tanzania]] gbuq8iwuo83tenla568wkm9u0ao21ys 0 188084 1615430 1356596 2026-11-07T21:26:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615430 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:NYLA Temp 1.jpg|thumb|Nyla]] '''Nailah Thorbourne''' (anajulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii '''Nyla''', amezaliwa 27 Novemba 1981) ni mwimbaji kutoka [[Jamaika]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.largeup.com/2013/04/16/largeup-premiere-nylas-stand-up/2/|title=LargeUp Premiere: Stream Nyla's Debut Single "Stand Up" + Exclusive Q+A - Page 2 of 2 - LargeUp|date=16 April 2013|work=LargeUp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022234913/https://www.largeup.com/2013/04/16/largeup-premiere-nylas-stand-up/2/|archivedate=2020-10-22|accessdate=2024-10-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name = "Wemag">{{cite news|last1=Samuels|first1=Natasha|title=Brick & Lace's Sexy Roots Music|url=http://wemagonline.blogspot.com/2008/04/brick-and-laces-sexy-roots-music.html|work=The Jamaica Observer|date=8 April 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Love is Wicked|url=http://acharts.us/song/26779|website=aCharts.com|access-date=22 November 2014}}</ref> ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] lss4sj9c2q1olt4qx43roooswk06pam 0 189753 1615667 1530345 2026-11-08T10:58:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615667 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:VernoncoreaofRadioCeylon.jpeg#file|link=Faili:VernoncoreaofRadioCeylon.jpeg|thumb|120x120px|Mtangazaji wa upainia, Vernon Corea (kushoto) katika Radio Ceylon, Colombo mwaka wa 1958.]] '''Vernon Corea''' ([[11 Septemba]] [[1927]] – [[23 Septemba]] [[2002]]) alikuwa [[mtangazaji]] wa [[redio]] aliyeongoza na aliyejitolea kwa miaka 45 katika huduma ya utangazaji wa umma nchini [[Sri Lanka]] na [[Uingereza]]. Alijiunga na Radio Ceylon, kituo cha redio cha zamani zaidi Kusini mwa [[Asia]], mwaka 1956 na baadaye akaendelea katika Shirika la Utangazaji la Sri Lanka. Wakati wa kazi yake, aliendesha baadhi ya vipindi vya redio vilivyopendwa sana Kusini mwa Asia, ikiwa ni pamoja na The Maliban Show, Dial-a-Disc, Holiday Choice, Two For the Money, Take It Or Leave It, Saturday Stars, To Each His Own, Kiddies Corner, na Old Folks at Home.<ref name="Saturday Stars">{{cite web|title=Vernon Corea by Neville Jayaweera, (former Director-General, SLBC)|url=http://www.vernoncorea.com/|access-date=4 September 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717230057/http://vernoncorea.com/|archivedate=2013-07-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1927]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2002]] [[Jamii:watu wa Sri Lanka]] [[Jamii:watu wa Uingereza]] o9kt63jnfrsmihtowsjggptd9sjubrj 0 190382 1615448 1514414 2026-11-07T22:32:11Z Tbm 44189 1615448 wikitext text/x-wiki '''IPhone 16 Pro''' na '''iPhone 16 Pro Max''' ni [[simu]] mahiri zilizotengenezwa na kuuzwa na Apple Inc. Kando ya iPhone 16 na iPhone 16 Plus, zinaunda kizazi cha kumi na nane cha iPhone, zikifuata iPhone 15 Pro na iPhone 15 Pro Max, na zilitangazwa tarehe [[9 Septemba]], [[2024]], na kutolewa tarehe [[20 Septemba]], [[2024]]. IPhone 16 Pro na iPhone 16 Pro Max zinajumuisha skrini kubwa za inchi 6.3 na inchi 6.9, kichakataji cha kasi zaidi, kamera pana na pana zaidi, uwezo wa kutumia Wi-Fi 7, betri kubwa zaidi, na ikiwa imesakinishwa awali na mfumo wa uendeshaji wa iOS 18<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=askstraight |date=2024-09-09 |title=Apple Unveils iPhone 16, Apple Watch Series 10 and AirPods 4 |url=https://askstraight.com/2024/09/09/apple-unveils-iphone-16-apple-watch-series-10-airpods-4-and-new-apple-intelligence-at-cupertino-event/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=askstraight.com |language=en-US}}</ref>. ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-teknolojia}} [[Jamii:simu]] aoq9trzl0gx9sik6dgyigkd090k3wyg 0 191098 1615514 1524562 2026-11-08T02:27:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615514 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Roger Thompson photo by Djuradj Vujcic.jpg|thumb|Thompson mwaka 2021]] '''Roger Thompson''' (alizaliwa [[Jamaica]], [[19 Desemba]] [[1991]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka ambaye alicheza kama beki wa katikati. Aliiwakilisha [[Kanada]] katika ngazi ya kimataifa ya vijana.<ref name="CSA">{{cite web |title=Roger Thompson |url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=3167&t=profile& |publisher=Canada Soccer |accessdate=18 January 2019}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://gobearcats.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/roger-thompson/1910|title = Roger Thompson - Men's Soccer}}</ref><ref name="CIN">{{cite web |title=Roger Thompson |url=https://gobearcats.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=1910 |publisher=University of Cincinnati |accessdate=18 January 2019}} </ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1991|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Jamaika]] ef6ezuvz8q1yltu37onr6jteajgsy7a 0 191165 1615261 1519205 2026-11-07T13:20:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{vyanzo}} '''Manzini''' (ilikuwa ikijulikana kama Bremersdorp) ni [[mji]] mkubwa huko [[Eswatini|Eswatini (Swaziland)]], ambao pia ni mji mkuu wa Mkoa wa Manzini. Mji huu ni [[kitovu]] cha pili kwa ukubwa nchini, nyuma ya [[mji mkuu]] [[Mbabane]], na una idadi ya watu ya 110,000 ([[2008]]). Inajulikana kama "Kitovu" cha Eswatini na iko kwenye [[barabara]] ya MR3. Eneo kuu la viwanda la Eswatini lililo Matsapha liko karibu na mpaka wa magharibi wa mji huo. ==Historia== Kituo cha kibiashara tangu kufunguliwa mwaka [[1885]], Bremersdorp ilitangazwa kuwa mji mdogo mwaka [[1898]]. Arthur Bremer aliuza hoteli yake kwa mamlaka za [[Ukoloni]] za Waingereza ambao walikuwa wanaongoza Swaziland tangu mwaka [[1894]] kama makao yao ya utawala wa kitaifa, na akaweka sharti kwamba makazi hayo yapewe jina lake (''dorp'' ni neno la [[Afrikaans]] lenye maana ya "kijiji"). Jina hilo lilirejeshwa kwenye jina lake la asili la Kiswazi, Manzini, mwaka [[1960]] kwa heshima ya Chifu Manzini Mbokane ambaye alikuwa mmoja wa wasiri wanaoaminika na indvuna mwandamizi wa Mfalme Mbandzeni. Chifu Manzini Mbokane alikuwa baba yake Ntengu kaGama Mbokane. Mji huo ulikuwa makao makuu ya kikoloni ya [[United Kingdom|Waingereza]]/Boer kuanzia mwaka [[1890]], lakini uliteketezwa mwaka [[1902]] wakati wa Vita ya Pili ya Waingereza na WaBoer wakati makao makuu ya utawala yalipohamishiwa [[Mbabane]]. Hata hivyo, Bremersdorp iliendelea kubaki moyo wa biashara, kilimo na usafirishaji wa Swaziland, na kuupatia mji huo lakabu ya "The Hub." Tangu kuanzishwa kwake katika miaka ya [[1920]], Maonyesho ya Kilimo na Mitambo (baadaye yakaitwa Swaziland International Trade Fair) yamekuwa tukio kubwa zaidi la kila mwaka nchini humo na lenye mahudhurio makubwa. Mwaka [[1915]], hoteli ya kwanza tangu ujenzi upya wa Bremersdorp baada ya Vita ya Waingereza na WaBoer ilifunguliwa kando ya Mzimene River. Ikiitwa Riverside Hotel, iliendelea kufanya kazi hadi [[1997]], ikabadilisha jina kwa miaka mingi kuwa Manzini Arms Hotel na katika miaka ya [[1990]] Velebantfu Hotel. Majengo yalibaki yamesimama kwa miaka kadhaa baada ya kufungwa lakini yalibomolewa mwaka 2008 na wawekezaji binafsi. Kituo cha ununuzi (shopping mall) kilifunguliwa katika eneo hilo mwaka [[2011]]. Iliyofunguliwa katika miaka ya [[1970]], Uwanja wa Ndege wa Kimataifa wa Matsapha, ambao ulikuwa uwanja pekee wa kibiashara wa Swaziland, ulikuwa umbali wa km 10 upande wa magharibi. Kufikia [[2014]], Matsapha umefungwa, na King Mswati III International Airport, ulioko umbali wa km 56.9 mashariki, ndio uwanja mpya wa kimataifa. Manzini ndiyo kituo cha karibu cha mijini. Agricultural Bank of China ni mfadhili mkubwa wa uwanja huo mpya wa ndege wa kimataifa. Manzini ilitangazwa kuwa jiji mwaka [[1994]], wakati chombo chake cha utawala, Manzini Town Council, kilipobadilika na kuwa Manzini City Council. Manzini ni makazi ya Shule ya Sekondari ya Nazarene, ambayo ina kwaya ya shule yenye mafanikio.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Manzini-Lancaster Learning Exchange – Municipal Council of Manzini |url=https://manzinicity.co.sz/project-details/manzini-lancaster-learning-exchange/ |access-date=2025-07-16 |language=en-US |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717062932/https://manzinicity.co.sz/project-details/manzini-lancaster-learning-exchange/ |archivedate=2025-07-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Eswatini]] == Marejeo == <references/> {{mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Eswatini]] [[Jamii:Manzini]] 609z9ap5vwksv6894mlpe1oyksp6rb7 0 191167 1615496 1596647 2026-11-08T00:43:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615496 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Quillan Roberts.jpg|thumb|Roberts mwaka 2019]] '''Quillan Eon Myles Roberts''' (alizaliwa [[13 Septemba]] [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kulipwa anacheza kama kipa katika klabu ya Western Suburbs FC katika ligi ya [[New Zealand|New Zealand Central]]. Alizaliwa nchini [[Kanada]], kwa sasa anaiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Guyana]] baada ya hapo awali kuiwakilisha Kanada katika ngazi ya juu ya vijana.<ref name="CSA">{{cite web |title=Quillan Roberts |url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=2726&t=profile& |publisher=Canada Soccer |access-date=March 2, 2019}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://canadiansoccerleague.com/teams/team_reserves.asp?ID=8|title=Canadian Soccer League|date=July 7, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003709/http://canadiansoccerleague.com/teams/team_reserves.asp?ID=8|archive-date=July 7, 2011|access-date=October 25, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.standard-freeholder.com/2016/12/12/toronto-fc-declines-options-releases-protected-list|title=TFC declines options, releases protected list|last=nurun.com|website=Cornwall Standard Freeholder|access-date=February 23, 2018|archive-date=2018-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223171359/http://www.standard-freeholder.com/2016/12/12/toronto-fc-declines-options-releases-protected-list|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:wachezaji mpira wa Guyana]] 33dup4bgbmyu068udbiy7lkz5bmt7wc 0 191366 1615235 1519084 2026-11-07T12:57:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615235 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malyk Hamilton''' (alizaliwa [[2 Septemba]] [[1999]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kulipwa kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye alicheza hivi karibuni katika timu ya ''North Carolina FC'' na ligi ya USL.<ref name="CSA">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Malyk Hamilton |url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=4321&t=profile& |publisher=Canada Soccer |accessdate=January 23, 2019}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Danny Owen |date=March 23, 2018 |title=West Ham came to a mutual agreement to let go Malyk Hamilton and winger has already found a new club |url=https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2018/03/23/do-west-ham-release-malyk-hamilton-winger-has-new-club-already/ |publisher=HITC |accessdate=January 23, 2019}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1999|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] adz527m02i6zlb2nno2aieoz069tewg 0 191507 1615592 1367099 2026-11-08T07:39:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615592 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Tiffany CameronRG.jpg|thumb|Cameron mwaka 2019]] '''Tiffany Devonna Cameron''' alizaliwa Oktoba 16, [[1991]] ni [[mchezaji]] mtaalamu wa [[mpira wa miguu]] anayecheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] na wakati mwingine kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] katika klabu ya [[Kihispania]] ya Ligi F ya Real Betis Féminas. Alizaliwa [[Kanada]] na wazazi wa [[Jamaika]], anachezea timu ya taifa ya wanawake Wa Jamaika. Aliwahi kuchezea timu ya wanawake wa Borussia Mönchengladbach katika ligi ya Bundes ya [[Ujerumani]], F.C. Ramat HaSharon katika ligi kuu ya [[Israeli]] na TSG 1899 Hoffenheim katika Frauen-Bundesliga ya [[Ujerumani]], pamoja na ''Seattle Reign FC'' na ''FC Kansas City'' katika ligi ya wanawake. Amechezea pia timu ya Apollon Ladies F.C. katika Ligi Kuu ya Kipre na alitumikia timu ya taifa ya Kanada katika ngazi ya chini ya umri wa miaka 17 na timu ya taifa ya wanawake.<ref name=cs_bio>{{cite web|title=Tiffany Cameron player profile|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=580|publisher=Canada Soccer|accessdate=July 29, 2016}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Seattle Reign FC signs Welsh captain Jess Fishlock, former Sounder Kate Deines, 2 others|date=4 February 2013 |url=http://equalizersoccer.com/2013/02/04/seattle-reign-fc-nwsl-free-agent-signings/|publisher=Equalizer Soccer|accessdate=February 8, 2013}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1991|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Jamaika]] 8qg00znfgf6x4o5kxkasfums6hbb5to 0 191593 1615341 1520563 2026-11-07T16:22:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615341 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Ring''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 28]], [[1967]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa [[Kanada]] aliyewahi kucheza kama [[beki]] wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya [[wanawake]] ya Kanada. Alikuwa sehemu ya timu katika Kombe la Dunia la [[FIFA]] la Wanawake mwaka [[1995]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/sweden1995/teams/team=1883718/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702172121/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/sweden1995/teams/team=1883718/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 July 2015|title=FIFA Women's World Cup Sweden 1995 – Teams|access-date=2007-09-28|publisher=[[FIFA]]|year=1995|work=FIFA Women's World Cup Sweden 1995}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Michelle Ring |url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=2708&t=profile& |website=Canada Soccer |date=21 November 2019 |access-date=23 January 2020}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Kanada]] o15hny49b0vs3rldfzqf8pqnovpl1tp 0 191694 1615612 1527299 2026-11-08T07:56:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615612 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Tomer Chencinski 1.jpg|thumb|Chencinski akiwa na Rovaniemen Palloseura mwaka 2015]] '''Tomer Chencinski''' (alizaliwa Desemba 1, [[1984]]) ana asili ya [[Israeli]] na [[Kanada]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.maccabicanada.com/get-involved/community-sports/coach-profile/|title=Coach Profile}}</ref> Mchezaji wa soka anayechukua nafasi ya kipa. Alicheza soka ya chuo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Robert Morris, ambapo mwaka 2004 alishika nafasi ya 16 kitaifa kwa kuokoa mipira mingi kwa mchezo, na pia katika chuo kiuu cha Fairleigh Dickinson. Hivi karibuni aliichezea klabu ya Ireland Shamrock Rovers. Aidha, alicheza mechi moja kwa timu ya taifa ya soka ya Kanada.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishtelegraph.com/prof_409.html|title=A JEWISH TELEGRAPH NEWSPAPER|first=Alex Harris webmaster@jewishtelegraph.com - Jewish|last=Telegraph|website=www.jewishtelegraph.com|accessdate=June 18, 2018}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=12766&t=profile&|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|accessdate=June 18, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118225134/https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=12766&t=profile&|archivedate=2018-11-18|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated3>{{cite web|url=http://fduknights.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=897|title=Tomer Chencinski - 2005-06 Men's Soccer - Fairleigh Dickinson University|accessdate=June 18, 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1984|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Israeli]] c4786m716heymeqcyqpaqpzeykxcyh3 0 191702 1615614 1527325 2026-11-08T07:59:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615614 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tony Chursky''' (alizaliwa [[New Westminster]], [[Kanada]], Juni 13, [[1953]]) ni kipa wa zamani wa timu ya taifa ya soka ya Kanada na ligi ya NASL (1968–1984).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=702&t=profile&|title=Tony Chursky|website=www.canadasoccer.com|access-date=May 5, 2020}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesp/panam75det.html Pan-American Games 1975 (Mexico) - Match Details]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1953|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] r853xstnt31mr80afk3ez3e3yqubf9k 0 192164 1615478 1523601 2026-11-07T23:43:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615478 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Filippo''' "'''Phil'''" '''Di Bennardo''' (alizaliwa Aprili 20, [[1997]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa wa [[Kanada]] anayeshiriki kama kipa.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=3536|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|access-date=2016-03-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412113958/http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=3536|archivedate=2016-04-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/filippo-di-bennardo/418601/|title=Canada - F. Di Bennardo - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|website=int.soccerway.com|access-date=2016-03-27}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1997|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 65opz78g5llldgm4o1404773xgk4e68 0 192175 1615421 1522162 2026-11-07T20:39:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615421 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nicolas De Santis''' (alizaliwa tarehe 11 Novemba [[1967]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.statscrew.com/minorsoccer/stats/p-desannic001| title = Nick De Santis soccer statistics on StatsCrew.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title = Nick De Santis {{!}} SoccerStats.us|url = http://soccerstats.us/bios/nick-de-santis/|website = soccerstats.us|access-date = 2015-06-20|archive-date = 2020-10-29|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201029145506/http://soccerstats.us/bios/nick-de-santis/|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=894&t=profile&|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|access-date=2020-04-09}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] a5bg31uamnckk58jpeizck9t8186udx 0 192209 1615457 1523276 2026-11-07T22:46:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615457 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pasquale de Luca''' (jina la ukoo pia huandikwa '''DeLuca'''; alizaliwa [[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]], 26 Mei [[1962]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka la kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Kanada]]. DeLuca ni kocha mkuu wa Edmonton Drillers.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/1986/stats86.htm#Edmonton |title=1986 Edmonton Brickmen |accessdate=2024-11-29 |archive-date=2020-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920121204/http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/1986/stats86.htm#Edmonton |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=916&t=profile& Canada Soccer Profile] {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1962|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] crb6ahrqul8duansktylcgzk4nafuj2 0 192217 1615664 1368862 2026-11-08T10:51:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vanessa Legault-Cordisco''' (alizaliwa [[11 Mei]], [[1992]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu wa kitaalamu kutoka [[Kanada]].<ref name="Canadian Soccer Association - Vanessa Legault-Cordisco">{{cite web|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=1856|title=Vanessa Legault-Cordisco|publisher=[[Canadian Soccer Association]]|accessdate=17 December 2016}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Vanessa Legault-Cordisco">{{cite web|url=http://www.gomarquette.com/sports/w-soccer/mtt/legaultcordisco_vanessa00.html|title=11 - Vanessa Legault-Cordisco|accessdate=17 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=1856&t=profile&|title=Vanessa Legault-Cordisco (CAN)|accessdate=August 18, 2019}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Kanada]] 6u5yihffous87b04ch79iw3oh3mv82z 0 192227 1615423 1522184 2026-11-07T20:45:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615423 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nicole Dmitrievna Kozlova''' (alizaliwa [[8 Julai]], [[2000]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa [[wanawake]] ambaye anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya ligi kuu ya Scottish Women's na timu ya Glasgow City F.C. Alizaliwa [[Kanada]], lakini anaiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya [[Ukraine]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://roanoke.com/sports/college/va_tech/virginia-tech-womens-soccer-excited-to-finally-start-season/article_5d3770c9-e263-59ad-85d9-8bea274e6a7c.html|title=Virginia Tech women's soccer excited to finally start season|first=Mark|last=Berman|date=10 September 2020|work=[[The Roanoke Times]]|access-date=14 March 2021|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925132357/https://roanoke.com/sports/college/va_tech/virginia-tech-womens-soccer-excited-to-finally-start-season/article_5d3770c9-e263-59ad-85d9-8bea274e6a7c.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://socceracademyalliancecanada.wordpress.com/honour-roll/|title=Honour Roll|work=Soccer Academy Alliance Canada|access-date=21 March 2022|archive-date=17 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117025008/https://socceracademyalliancecanada.wordpress.com/honour-roll/|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ontariosoccer.net/news_article/show/745049-scarborough-gs-win-fourth-straight-women-s-ontario-cup|title=Scarborough GS United win fourth straight women's Ontario Cup|date=September 9, 2016|work=[[Ontario Soccer Association]]|access-date=21 March 2022|archive-date=15 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415222855/https://www.ontariosoccer.net/news_article/show/745049-scarborough-gs-win-fourth-straight-women-s-ontario-cup|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=games>{{cite web|url=https://cg2017.gems.pro/Result/ShowPerson.aspx?Person_GUID=83d02a96-c6cb-4b94-a33f-2e4ec999c2c3&SetLanguage=en-CA&Gems_ScreenWidth=1366&Gems_ScreenHeight=768&Gems_ScreenAvailWidth=1366&Gems_ScreenAvailHeight=724|title=Nicole Kozlova Canada Games profile|work=[[Canada Games]]|access-date=14 March 2021|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307103603/https://cg2017.gems.pro/Result/ShowPerson.aspx?Person_GUID=83d02a96-c6cb-4b94-a33f-2e4ec999c2c3&SetLanguage=en-CA&Gems_ScreenWidth=1366&Gems_ScreenHeight=768&Gems_ScreenAvailWidth=1366&Gems_ScreenAvailHeight=724|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2000|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Kanada]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ukraine]] 5rw03fc9ti85nomffnu8ihh0d8z9i7r 0 192390 1615677 1535222 2026-11-08T11:54:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615677 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sinai-saints.jpg|thumb|[[Picha takatifu]] ya Wafiadini wa Mlima Sinai.]] '''Wafiadini wa Mlima Sinai''' (waliishi [[karne ya 4]]) ni [[wamonaki]] [[Wakristo]] 38 wa [[Misri]] waliouawa huko na [[Wablemi]], kadiri ya simulizi la [[Nilo wa Sinai]], wakiwemo Isaya, Jesaja, Saba, Musa, Musa mwingine, Yeremia, Paulo, Adamu, Serjio, Domnus, Proklo, Ipasi, Isaka, Makari, Marko, Benyamini, Eusebi, Elia na Theodulo <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/calendar/index.php?year=2010&today=27&month=1&trp=0&tzo=-6 |title="Orthodox Calendar", Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Church |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204230853/http://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/calendar/index.php?year=2010&today=27&month=1&trp=0&tzo=-6 |archivedate=2024-12-04 |accessdate=2024-12-01 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://catholicsaints.info/saint-theodolus-of-sinai/</ref><ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/93022</ref>. Tangu kale wanaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]] na [[Waorthodoksi]] kama [[watakatifu]] [[wafiadini]]. [[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[14 Januari]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. Pengine wanachanganywa na [[Wafiadini wa Raithu|wamonaki 43 waliouawa Raithu]], karibu na [[mlima Sinai]], hapo baadaye ([[karne ya 5]]) na walioandikiwa na Amoni fulani <ref>https://catholicsaints.info/martyrs-of-raithu/</ref>. Sikukuu yao huadhimishwa tarehe [[22 Desemba]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:waliofariki karne ya 4]] [[Jamii:Wamonaki]] [[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Misri]] 3cnwd5v1ecol6x4eivf9jbjgf41i5pf 0 192421 1615330 1369387 2026-11-07T15:43:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615330 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mélissa Busque''' (amezaliwa [[18 Februari]], [[1990]]) ni mchezaji wa soka wa [[Kanada]].<ref name="BusqueAtConnecticut">[http://www.uconnhuskies.com/sports/w-soccer/mtt/busque_melissa00.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907003536/http://www.uconnhuskies.com/sports/w-soccer/mtt/busque_melissa00.html |date=2015-09-07 }} Connecticut Huskies. 27 October 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.</ref><ref name="BusqueAtSeattle">[http://www.goseattleu.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=18200&ATCLID=205575220] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924023131/http://www.goseattleu.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=18200&ATCLID=205575220 |date=2015-09-24 }} Seattle Redhawks. 27 October 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.</ref> <ref name="BusqueCanadianSoccer">[http://www.canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=559] {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Canadian Soccer. 27 October 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1990|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Kanada]] 7qe6ymqgcnt7mhx6de8fa5rktg7jehg 0 192509 1615331 1520336 2026-11-07T15:43:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615331 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Melissa Tancredi 2024 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Tancredi in 2024]] '''Melissa Palma Julie Tancredi''' (amezaliwa [[27 Desemba]], [[1981]]) ni [[mshambuliaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye aliichezea timu ya taifa ya [[wanawake]] ya Kanada.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Melissa Tancredi |url=https://olympic.ca/team-canada/melissa-tancredi/ |access-date=2022-04-13 |website=Team Canada – Official Olympic Team Website |date=September 18, 2011 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='Caps for Canada: Melissa Tancredi|url=http://www.whitecapsfc.com/news/2012/01/caps-canada-melissa-tancredi|publisher=Vancouver Whitecaps FC|access-date=September 23, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=3119&t=profile&|publisher=Canada Soccer|title=Melissa Tancredi|date=November 21, 2019 }} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wanawake wa Kanada]] q85fj6o3sp6xph3i6hb8amshezla759 0 192592 1615503 1369758 2026-11-08T01:20:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615503 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raymond D. Telford''' (alizaliwa Novemba 23, [[1946]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto mwaka 1976.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=3140&t=profile&|title=Profile|accessdate=17 April 2020|publisher=Canada Soccer Association}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1946|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] gfisneko1zvotzv595p6oc3xooharv8 0 192680 1615456 1370106 2026-11-07T22:45:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615456 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Parnell Gourlay''' ([[3 Februari]] [[1879]] – [[15 Novemba]] [[1958]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa soka wa ridhaa kutoka [[Kanada]] aliyeshiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya mwaka 1904. Alifariki tarehe 15 Novemba 1958 huko [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 79.<ref>[http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=1336 Profile at CanadaSoccer.com] {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/1005987 |title=Parnell Gourlay |work=Olympedia |access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1879]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1958]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] f5qua75a4nogu9cwedwh73r8vhh577a 0 192812 1615449 1520227 2026-11-07T22:32:43Z Tbm 44189 1615449 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Timu ya soka ya Mbuni''', pia inajulikana kama Mbuni FC, ni klabu [[Mpira wa miguu|ya soka]] yenye makao yake mjini [[Arusha (mji)|Arusha]], Tanzania. Klabu hiyo kwa sasa inashiriki Ligi daraja la kwanza. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Tanzania|first=Championship|title=Championship|url=https://www.tzchampionship.com/leagues/tzchampionship|accessdate=2022-09-17|work=tzchampionship.com|language=en-EN|archive-date=2022-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104072544/https://www.tzchampionship.com/leagues/tzchampionship|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Historia == Mbuni FC, pia inajulikana kama The Black, ni klabu ya soka yenye maskani yake [[Wilaya ya Monduli|Monduli]], mojawapo ya wilaya saba za [[Arusha (mji)|Arusha]] . Ilianzishwa mwaka 1982 kama timu ya jeshi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.tzchampionship.com/sites/tzchampionship/teams/244155|title=Mbuni FC|accessdate=18 September 2022|work=www.tzchampionship.com|archive-date=2022-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104072529/https://www.tzchampionship.com/sites/tzchampionship/teams/244155|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Mbuni|first=FC|title=BUNI, COPCO ZAPANDA CHAMPIONSHIP LEAGUE|url=https://www.binzubeiry.co.tz/2022/04/mbuni-yapanda-ligi-ya-championship.html|work=binzubeiry.co.tz|accessdate=22 April 2022|archive-date=2024-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004014638/https://www.binzubeiry.co.tz/2022/04/mbuni-yapanda-ligi-ya-championship.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rangi na beji == Rangi za Mbuni FC ni nyekundu na bluu. Beji ya Mbuni FC ina mpira wa miguu, mbuni na manyoya Yaliyounda herufi "'''U'''" ya Mbuni na tarehe ya kuanzishwa. == Uwanja == Mbuni FC wanacheza mechi zao za nyumbani kwenye [[Uwanja wa michezo wa kumbukumbu ya Shekhe Amri Abeid]] wakitokea kambi ya Jeshi la Ulinzi la Wananchi wa Tanzania iliyopo Monduli. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Monduli|first=Arusha FC|title=MONDULI’S MBUNI FC SAIL CLOSE TO FDL PROMOTION|url=https://www.africa-press.net/tanzania/sport/mondulis-mbuni-fc-sail-close-to-fdl-promotion|work=africa-press.net|publisher=Africa Press|accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref> == Wafuasi == Mbali na Monduli, Mbuni FC inapata mashabiki wake kutoka Kaloleni, kata ya utawala katika Wilaya ya Arusha, Mkoa wa Arusha, Tanzania. == Heshima == '''Mshindi wa Ligi ya Kwanza 2021''' == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Vilabu vya mpira Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Arusha]] q2iq8oa1iwn50im6nsfbtedv8c4ttak 0 192929 1615458 1523279 2026-11-07T22:47:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pat Cubellis''' (alizaliwa Februari 7, [[1967]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye alichezea timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya wanaume ya Kanada mara nne mwaka 1986.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=833&t=profile&|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Duffy|first=Andrew|date=August 12, 1986|title=Scarborough soccer star, 19 has both craftiness and speed|page=L12|work=Toronto Star}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasljerseys.com/ASL/Rosters/Rockets_Rosters.htm|title=Rosters|publisher=NASL Jerseys|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] sn4l8zbjpwt48lhtnnflb4gwamup3h8 0 193467 1615557 1609852 2026-11-08T05:59:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615557 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Steven Furlano (cropped).jpg|thumb|Furlano mwaka 2019]] '''Steven Vincent Gordon Sonny Furlano''' (amezaliwa Februari 6, [[1998]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kanada]] anayeshiriki kama kiungo.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=4451|title=Canada Soccer|website=www.canadasoccer.com|access-date=2016-06-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729100528/http://www.canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=4451|archivedate=2016-07-29|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.simcoe.com/sports-story/2523422-furlano-suits-up-at-toronto-fc-academy/|title=Furlano suits up at Toronto FC academy|website=www.simcoe.com|access-date=2016-06-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111163044/https://www.simcoe.com/sports-story/2523422-furlano-suits-up-at-toronto-fc-academy/|archivedate=2020-11-11|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/05/22/united-states/mls-reserve-league/pittsburgh-riverhounds/toronto-fc-ii/2196942/|title=Pittsburgh Riverhounds vs. Toronto II - 22 May 2016 - Soccerway|website=uk.soccerway.com|access-date=2016-06-02}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1998|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] ox0831sa2p9mj2dm3ybuyxufghvcmew 0 193533 1615338 1520481 2026-11-07T16:08:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Charles Barber''', [[S.J.]] (alizaliwa [[Salt Lake City, Utah]], [[13 Julai]] [[1954]]) ni Kiongozi Kutoka [[Marekani]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] ambaye amekuwa akihudumu kama [[Askofu]] wa Dayosisi ya [[Oakland, California|Oakland]] huko [[California]] tangu 2013. == Wasifu == Michael Barber alihudhuria Shule ya Maandalizi ya Mt. Pius X huko Galt, California.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=About Bishop Barber|url=https://oakdiocese.org/about-bishop-barber|access-date=2024-04-06|website=Diocese of Oakland CA|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250804211505/https://oakdiocese.org/about-bishop-barber|archivedate=2025-08-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wajesuiti]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]] jyskcf5dxfmi99f9a4dgkj7e0v92zg9 0 194044 1615509 1374657 2026-11-08T01:57:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615509 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Clare Danko''' (alizaliwa [[29 Desemba]] [[1943]] – [[10 Desemba]] 1999) alikuwa [[mwanamuziki]], mpiga besi, mtunzi wa nyimbo, na mwimbaji wa Kanada. Anajulikana zaidi kama mmoja wa waanzilishi wa bendi ya The Band, ambayo alitunukiwa heshima ya kuingizwa katika Rock and Roll Hall of Fame mwaka 1994.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theband.hiof.no/articles/rick_danko_bio_carole_caffin.html|title=Rick Danko Authorized Biography|website=Theband.hiof.no|date=1999-12-10|access-date=2016-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115050853/http://theband.hiof.no/articles/rick_danko_bio_carole_caffin.html|archivedate=2016-11-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="deadcelebrity1">{{cite web|url=http://elvispelvis.com/rickdanko.htm#obit|title=Fuller Up The Dead Musician Directory|work=The Dead Musician Directory|publisher=Copied from an article posted in the newsgroup rec.music.dylan by Mike Fink.|access-date=2009-07-12|archive-date=2011-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607223612/http://elvispelvis.com/rickdanko.htm#obit|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1999]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Kanada]] mu8jrkk6zyksx1ap38dkme01z2722c5 0 194472 1615385 1389100 2026-11-07T18:13:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615385 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Mozzi Gyorio at Montreal 1.JPG|thumb|Gyorio akiwa na FC Tampa Bay mwaka 2011]] '''Mozesh "Mozzi" Gyorio''' (alizaliwa Agosti 1, [[1989]]) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Kanada]].<ref name="Canada Soccer profile">{{cite web|title=Mozzi Gyorio Canada Soccer profile|url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=1393&t=profile&|publisher=Canada Soccer|accessdate=4 February 2018}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1989|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 0svna8f714fmpkh163hvy77z0t4cnc2 0 196280 1615617 1382373 2026-11-08T08:16:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615617 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Trevor Harvey''' (Alizaliwa tarehe 7 Septemba [[1916]] – Alifariki tarehe 24 Julai 1988) alikuwa mchezaji wa soka wa zamani kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa kitaifa mara nne, akishinda mataji na Westminster Royals FC (1936), Vancouver Johnston National Storage FC (1937) na North Shore United FC (1938 na 1949). Alitajwa baada ya kifo chake kama mshirika mhamasishaji katika Jumba la Kumbukumbu la Soka la Kanada.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=394|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|access-date=4 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704104349/https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=394|archivedate=2018-07-04|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=428|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|access-date=4 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622083815/https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=428|archivedate=2018-06-22|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bcsportshall.com/honoured_member/trevor-harvey/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004232124/http://www.bcsportshalloffame.com/inductees/inductees/bio?id=235&type=person|url-status=live|archive-date=October 4, 2015|title=BC Sports Hall of Fame|website=www.bcsportshalloffame.com|access-date=4 July 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1916|1988}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] bl0g14gtitjg5283yqez313cfljlz8m 0 196281 1615516 1382374 2026-11-08T03:02:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615516 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadi Jalali''' (alizaliwa Juni 6, [[1995]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka ambaye mara ya mwisho alicheza kama mshambuliaji kwa timu ya FC Edmonton katika Ligi ya Soka ya Kaskazini mwa Amerika (2011–2017). Alizaliwa [[India]], lakini aliiwakilisha [[Kanada]] katika ngazi ya kimataifa ya vijana.<ref name=CanadaSoccerProfile>{{cite web|title=Sadi Jalali|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=1595|work=Canada Soccer|access-date=22 June 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508144529/http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=1595|archivedate=2014-05-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=EdmontonProfile>{{cite web|title=Sadi Jalali|url=http://www.fcedmonton.com/index.php?id=612&playerID=473|work=FC Edmonton|access-date=22 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FC Edmonton Sign Five Reserves to Pro Contracts|url=http://nasl.com/index.php?id=3&newsid=3751|work=North American Soccer League|access-date=22 June 2013}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1995|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] fhy424pa1k6bhaf8eshqm2fx3gfpnq7 0 196283 1615252 1385547 2026-11-07T13:13:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615252 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Manjrekar James.jpg|thumb|James mwaka 2018]] '''Manjrekar James'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cloudfront.bernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/2019_Concacaf_Gold_Cup_Preliminary_Lists_May_20.pdf |title=40-Player National Team Roster: 2019 Concacaf Gold Cup: Canada |publisher=CONCACAF |page=2 |access-date=May 20, 2019 |via=Bernews}}</ref> (alizaliwa tarehe [[5 Agosti]], mwaka [[1993]]) ni mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kati katika klabu ya Alajuelense. Alizaliwa [[Dominica]], alikua raia wa nchini [[Kanada]] akiwa kijana na alicheza michezo 17 na timu ya taifa ya soka ya Kanada, akishiriki katika Kombe la Dhahabu la CONCACAF mwaka [[2017]].<ref name="CSA Profile">{{cite web|title=CSA Profile|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=1600|publisher=Canada Soccer Association|access-date=May 20, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818063421/http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=1600|archivedate=2013-08-18|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="PMFC">{{cite web|title=Manjrekar James Signs with PMFC of Hungarian First Division|url=http://www.sigma-sports.net/newsEvents/manjrekarJamesSignsWithPmfcOfHungarianFirstDivision.html|publisher=Sigma Sports Solutions|access-date=May 20, 2014}}</ref><ref name="Mallorca">{{cite web|title=Sigma FC Defender, Manjrekar James Off to Mallorca|url=http://www.sigma-sports.net/newsEvents/manjrekarJamesOffToMallorca.html|publisher=Sigma Sports Solutions|access-date=May 20, 2014}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1993|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 6a3ejwjrmyptdnkwt542hl7bmiyn5t5 0 196745 1615519 1525012 2026-11-08T03:14:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615519 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvano''' "'''Sam'''" '''Lenarduzzi''' (alizaliwa Desemba 19, [[1949]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka wa [[Kanada]]. Alishinda ubingwa wa kitaifa mara mbili akiwa na British Kolumbia (1966) na Vancouver Columbus FC (1969).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=388|title=Home|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622192651/https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=388|archivedate=2018-06-22|accessdate=2025-02-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://issuu.com/canadasoccer/docs/2017_pdf_cs_hall_of_fame_class Canada Soccer Hall of Fame]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1949|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 9rjusddfgwa160jqsmf8jjdr38itb0p 0 196758 1615615 1527331 2026-11-08T08:00:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615615 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anthony "Tony" Lecce''' (alizaliwa tarehe 1 Januari [[1945]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka wa [[Kanada]] alizaliwa [[Italia]], ambaye alicheza kama mlinzi. Alipewa viungo tisa na timu ya taifa ya Kanada na alicheza misimu minne katika Ligi ya Soka ya [[Amerika Kaskazini]] (1968-1984).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|last=Jose|first=Colin|title=On-Side - 125 Years of Soccer in Ontario|publisher=Ontario Soccer Association and Soccer Hall of Fame and Museum|year=2001|location=Vaughan, Ontario|pages=214}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?t=awardWinners&id=385|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|access-date=2020-03-26}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/420961242/?terms=Tony+Lecce+toronto+italia|title=Chelsea May Play Here|last=Gillespie|first=Norman|date=October 21, 1965|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=The Gazette|page=39|language=en|access-date=2020-03-26}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1945|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 8a83hzvcim36bf7ywt63l4507qdrboq 0 196768 1615670 1384476 2026-11-08T11:15:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vincent Lamy''' (alizaliwa Julai 10, [[1999]]) ni mchezaji wa soka wa [[Kanada]] ambaye anacheza kama mshambuliaji kwa timu ya Celtix du Haut-Richelieu katika Ligi ya kwanza ya [[Quebec]].<ref name="SL" /><ref name="CSA">{{cite web |title=Vincent Lamy |url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=3611&t=profile& |publisher=Canada Soccer |accessdate=22 June 2019}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="SL">{{cite web |author1=Sébastien Lajoie |title=Vincent Lamy signe un premier contrat chez les pros |url=https://www.latribune.ca/sports/vincent-lamy-signe-un-premier-contrat-chez-les-pros-d2f3e0d21b9c1c3af1b9e14f76474018 |publisher=La Tribune |accessdate=22 June 2019 |date=1 February 2019}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1999|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] g0mjmljc3unrn2kekalub86102swlsk 0 197149 1615668 1385211 2026-11-08T11:05:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Kodelja''' (alizaliwa Novemba 26, [[1951]])<ref name="Canada">{{Cite web |url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=1748&t=profile& |title=Victor Kodelja's profile at CanadaSoccer.com |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212042052/https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=1748&t=profile& |archivedate=2018-02-12 |accessdate=2025-01-12 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ni mchezaji wa zamani wa Timu ya Taifa ya Soka ya Wanaume ya [[Kanada]] na ligi ya soka ya [Amerika Kaskazini]] (1968-1984).<ref>[http://www.nasljerseys.com/Players/K/Kodelja.Victor.htm NASL/MISL stats]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1951|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] ij60kt4yqjqoihth9k606x9t9592u54 0 197228 1615580 1601365 2026-11-08T06:53:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taylor Lord''' (alizaliwa Mei 30, [[1990]]) ni mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye anahudumu kama kocha msaidizi kwa programu ya mpira wa miguu ya wanaume katika Chuo cha Seneca.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Canada Soccer|url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=1921&t=profile&|access-date=2020-06-24|website=www.canadasoccer.com}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://soccerstats.us/bios/taylor-lord/|title=Taylor Lord {{!}} SoccerStats.us|website=soccerstats.us|access-date=2018-10-19|archive-date=2015-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404221713/http://soccerstats.us/bios/taylor-lord/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Hayakawa|first=Michael|date=2011-08-29|title=York Shooters rebound to beat St. Catharines|url=https://www.yorkregion.com/community-story/1425207-york-shooters-rebound-to-beat-st-catharines/|access-date=2020-06-24|website=YorkRegion.com|publisher=Newmarket Era|language=en-CA|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626150918/https://www.yorkregion.com/community-story/1425207-york-shooters-rebound-to-beat-st-catharines/|archivedate=2020-06-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1990|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] g3yxa8zv86g6qt75x34hyg12rogkrun 0 197248 1615555 1526227 2026-11-08T05:57:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steven MacDonald''' (alizaliwa tarehe 13 Oktoba [[1970]]) ni mlinzi wa soka kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye alitumia maisha yake yote ya kitaalamu na Vancouver 86ers. Alicheza kwa wingi kwa timu za taifa za Kanada kati ya mwaka 1987 na 1995.<ref>[https://bcsportshall.com/honoured_member/1989-vancouver-86ers/ 1989 Vancouver ’86ers]</ref><ref>[http://www.charlestonbattery.com/1998/98usislaward.htm 1998 USISL Awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402215837/http://www.charlestonbattery.com/1998/98usislaward.htm |date=2012-04-02 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071225151614/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/tournament=102/edition=191448/teams/team=1888260.html 1987 Canada U-17]</ref><ref name = "CSA">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=1947&t=profile&|title=Steven MacDonald|website=www.canadasoccer.com|access-date=May 10, 2020}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1970|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] m1cw0beeizp2tmzab80k237lgg4159o 0 197407 1615426 1522383 2026-11-07T21:11:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615426 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Normie McLeod''' (alizaliwa Septemba 19, [[1938]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa kitaifa na vilabu vya Kanada, Vancouver Hale-Co FC (1956). Akiwa kijana, alikuwa mchezaji mdogo zaidi wa Kanada wakati wa Mechi za Mchujo za Kombe la Dunia la [[FIFA]] mwaka 1957.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://canadasoccer.com/?t=project.tpl&sid=30 | title=Home }} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-lZlAAAAIBAJ&sjid=64kNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1268,5685963|title=The Vancouver Sun - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZpZlAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aYoNAAAAIBAJ&pg=6454,8352893|title=The Sun - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=project&sid=31 | title=Home }} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1938|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] qucmji276qgijyisl81lfd7vy6ppqf1 0 197493 1615465 1608564 2026-11-07T23:02:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615465 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patryk Krzysztof Misik'''<ref name="Canada Soccer profile">{{cite web|title=Patryk Misik profile|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=3704&t=profile&|publisher=Canada Soccer|accessdate=22 April 2018}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> (alizaliwa Novemba 13, [[1994]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka wa [[Kanada]] aliyecheza kama kiungo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rednationonline.ca/Articles2015/FuryaddCanadianmidfielderPatrykMisik.aspx|title=Fury add Canadian midfielder Patryk Misik|date=February 6, 2015|first=Stuart|last=Mactaggart|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108125441/http://www.rednationonline.ca/Articles2015/FuryaddCanadianmidfielderPatrykMisik.aspx|archivedate=2020-11-08|accessdate=2025-01-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/brantford-galaxy-wins-2010-canadian-soccer-league-championship-p145747|title=Brantford Galaxy wins 2010 Canadian Soccer League Championship|website=www.canadasoccer.com|access-date=2018-08-03|archive-date=2018-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803175819/https://www.canadasoccer.com/brantford-galaxy-wins-2010-canadian-soccer-league-championship-p145747|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://rksrakow.pl/aktualnosci/3284-patryk-misik-zawodnikiem-rakowa.html|title=RKS Raków Częstochowa - oficjalna strona}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] tdgau8l0npg45oleh64930qiyj2mvj6 0 197962 1615420 1600731 2026-11-07T20:39:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615420 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nicholas Osorio''' (alizaliwa Januari 20, [[1998]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kitaalamu kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye kwa sasa anacheza kama kiungo kwa timu ya Alliance United katika Ligi ya kwanza ya [[Ontario]]. Ndugu yake Jonathan Osorio anachezea timu ya Toronto FC.<ref name=canada>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=3576|title=Canada Soccer|website=canadasoccer.com|access-date=2016-07-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729100549/http://www.canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=3576|archivedate=2016-07-29|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.therecord.com/sports/2013/03/22/young-canadian-midfielder-jonathan-osorio-living-the-life-with-toronto-fc.html|title=Young Canadian midfielder Jonathan Osorio living the life with Toronto FC|date=March 22, 2013|work=[[Waterloo Region Record]]}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1998|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 8098xjzpi0emt9dqy0b94znyvk7smnz 0 198365 1615556 1389373 2026-11-08T05:58:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615556 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steve Nesin''' (aliyezaliwa Aprili 17, [[1960]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye alicheza katika viwango vya kitaalamu na kimataifa kama mshambuliaji.<ref name = "NASL">[http://www.nasljerseys.com/Players/N/Nesin.Steve.htm NASL career stats]</ref><ref>[https://canadasoccer.com/index.php?pid=2348&t=profile& Canadian Soccer Association profile] {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{NFT player|pid=34591}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] e2w48hxwqp54es7i7kvo7ksfrcje3pi 0 198709 1615621 1390149 2026-11-08T08:34:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615621 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Tyler Pasher.jpg|thumb|Pasher akiwa na TFC Reserves mwaka 2012]] '''Tyler Pasher''' (aliyezaliwa Aprili 27, [[1994]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa kutoka [[Kanada]] ambaye anacheza kama mshambuliaji wa klabu ya Birmingham Legion FC katika Ligi ya USL.<ref name="CSA Profile">{{cite web|title=CSA Profile|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=2484|publisher=Canada Soccer Association|accessdate=23 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402233529/http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=2484|archivedate=2015-04-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 5h4lmlunqv8t5m600d50duu45ke8s6b 0 198715 1615427 1398439 2026-11-07T21:12:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norman Thomas Patterson''' (Alizaliwa tarehe 27 Oktoba [[1945]] – Alifariki tarehe 21 Agosti 2012) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]].<ref name = "CSA">{{cite web|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster_test&pid=2490|title=Profile|accessdate=4 January 2017|publisher=Canada Soccer Association}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canadasoccer.com/norman-patterson-66-passes-away-p151714|title=Norman Patterson, 66, passes away|date=27 August 2012|accessdate=4 January 2017|publisher=Canada Soccer Association|archive-date=2017-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105085749/http://www.canadasoccer.com/norman-patterson-66-passes-away-p151714|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1945|2012}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] pvfw196inh49hm32rkyb3vdotxkgv6i 0 198843 1615459 1523285 2026-11-07T22:48:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615459 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pat Philley''' (Alizaliwa Aprili 24, [[1929]] – Alifariki Novemba 22, 2019) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa kitaifa akiwa na Vancouver City FC mwaka 1950. Alikuwa kiungo wa kati na nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya Kanada wakati wa mechi tatu za kufuzu kwa Kombe la Dunia la [[FIFA]] mwaka 1957.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/?t=project.tpl&sid=30|title=Home}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Homer Patrick (Pat) Philley |url=https://kearneyfs.com/obituaries/homer-patrick-pat-philley |publisher=Kearney Funeral Services |access-date=11 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PZRlAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EIoNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1180,4126482|title=The Vancouver Sun - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|accessdate=17 November 2023}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1929|2019}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] mazgwnv1tbekpwf14s7uquxmdpmsuko 0 198856 1615322 1390559 2026-11-07T15:09:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615322 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matteo Piscopo''' (alizaliwa Agosti 9, [[1954]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka wa kimataifa kutoka [[Kanada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=profile&pid=2582|title=Profile|accessdate=12 December 2016|publisher=Canada Soccer Association|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804052408/https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=2582&t=profile|archivedate=2020-08-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] p2o2yco9569rgs6w8nm6ucuy9xtvuoq 0 199096 1615626 1601444 2026-11-08T09:32:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615626 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anthony Leonard Platt''' ([[Novemba 28]], [[1981]] – [[24 Januari|Januari 24]], [[2025]]), alijulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii ''Unk'', alikuwa [[Disc jockey|DJ]], [[mchekeshaji]] wa jukwaa (hype man), na rapa wa [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana sana kwa wimbo wake wa aina ya snap uitwao "Walk It Out" wa mwaka [[2006]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=#FreshHeat: DJ Unk "Wait"|url=http://allhiphop.com/2014/01/24/freshheat-dj-unk-wait/|website=Hip-Hop News, Rumors, Rap Music & Videos {{!}}AllHipHop|date=24 January 2014|access-date=2016-02-15}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=What the Fuck Happened to...DJ Unk and Chingy? - Notmad Notmad|url=http://notmad.us/2015/02/what-the-fuck-happened-to-dj-unk-and-chingy/#|website=notmad.us|access-date=2016-02-15}}</ref><ref name="US200">{{cite magazine|title=Unk Album & Song Chart History: Billboard 200|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|access-date=April 5, 2012|archive-date=2010-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="USR&BAl">{{cite magazine|title=Unk Album & Song Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|access-date=April 5, 2012|archive-date=2010-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210111551/http://www.billboard.com/charts/1999-04-10/r-b-hip-hop-albums|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wachekeshaji]] [[Jamii:Marapa wa Marekani]] o5nab6nbctdk9aymu6z4tk5uanvtni2 0 199231 1615611 1527290 2026-11-08T07:56:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615611 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Riley''' ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya soka ya Kanada mara moja mnamo 1975. Riley ni mshiriki wa Ukumbi wa Umaarufu wa Chama cha Soka cha Newfoundland na Labrador. Alihudhuria Chuo Kikuu cha Memorial cha Newfoundland.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://canadasoccer.com/index.php/?pid=2707&t=profile&|title=Tom Riley|website=www.canadasoccer.com|access-date=May 8, 2020}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|mwaka usiojulikana|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 4egkyi4kpd9q7m5tvrn95gdw2y8vrbj 0 199436 1615469 1523391 2026-11-07T23:11:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615469 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Roe''' (alizaliwa Novemba 21, [[1959]] - Alifariki Oktoba 5, 2019) alikuwa mchezaji wa soka wa [[Kanada]] ambaye alicheza kwa miaka mitano katika Ligi ya Soka ya [[Amerika Kaskazini]] (1968–1984) na mwaka mmoja katika Ligi Kuu ya Ndani ya Soka.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti | url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=2738&t=profile& | title=Home | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202070654/https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=2738&t=profile& | archivedate=2018-12-02 | accessdate=2018-12-02 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Cole |first=Cam |title=Two added to roster of Drillers|date=June 20, 1979|newspaper=Edmonton Journal|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/335655180/?terms=Paul%2BRoe |page=H2|accessdate=December 5, 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1959|2019}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] jdolnck3m71pbshyixhbgbk38eu36os 0 200363 1615321 1520024 2026-11-07T15:09:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615321 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Matt Stinson.jpg|thumb|Stinson mwaka 2009]] '''Matthew Garrett "Matt" Stinson''' (alizaliwa Septemba 9, [[1992]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa [[Kanada]] aliyekuwa akicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Hivi sasa ni kocha msaidizi wa timu ya chuo chake cha zamani, York Lions.<ref name=Canada>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=3069 |title=Matthew Garrett Stinson - Canada Soccer |publisher=Canada Soccer Association |access-date=2013-01-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812122731/http://canadasoccer.com/?t=roster&pid=3069 |archivedate=2013-08-12 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti | title=WinthropFans.com • View topic - Matt Stinson Team MVP | url=http://www.winthropfans.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=348 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225032335/http://www.winthropfans.com:80/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=348 | access-date=2024-12-15 | archive-date=2010-12-25}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Academy quartet travel|url=https://www.torontofc.ca/news/academy-quartet-travel|publisher=www.torontofc.ca|access-date=2011-01-30|archive-date=2013-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103121428/http://www.torontofc.ca/news/2011/01/academy-quartet-travel|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] swp3c9v46woy9ez2ozmx4baugsxqm0w 0 200896 1615543 1397080 2026-11-08T05:28:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615543 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Skylar Thomas 2022.jpg|thumb|Thomas mwaka 2022]] '''Skylar Rutherford Thomas''' (alizaliwa Julai 27, [[1993]]) ni [[Mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kitaalamu wa [[soka]] kutoka [[Kanada]].<ref name="CSA">{{cite web |title=Skylar Thomas |url=https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=3159&t=profile& |publisher=Canada Soccer |accessdate=14 January 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208040550/https://canadasoccer.com/?pid=3159&t=profile& |archivedate=2019-12-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.torontofc.ca/news/toronto-fc-ii-announces-signing-eight-players|title=Toronto FC II announces signing of eight players|date=March 12, 2015|access-date=March 20, 2015|archive-date=October 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002204735/https://www.torontofc.ca/post/2015/03/12/toronto-fc-ii-announces-signing-eight-players|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.torontofc.ca/news/toronto-fc-selects-skylar-thomas-11th-pick-mls-superdraft|title=Toronto FC selects Skylar Thomas with 11th pick in MLS SuperDraft|date=January 15, 2015}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1993|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] acd5jp9ejfl1e2xslhe9i5e9a8poa5n 0 200909 1615324 1520122 2026-11-07T15:25:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615324 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Maxim Tissot 2023.jpg|thumb|Tissot mwaka 2023]] '''Maxim Tissot''' (alizaliwa Aprili 13, [[1992]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa [[Kanada]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]] wa kushoto.<ref name="CSA">{{cite web |title=Maxim Tissot |date=November 21, 2019 |url=https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=6184&t=profile& |publisher=[[Canada Soccer]] |access-date=22 July 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723001212/https://www.canadasoccer.com/?pid=6184&t=profile& |archivedate=2020-07-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |date=6 October 2011 |title=City United hits post-season on a high |work=[[Brampton Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Hickey |first=Pat |date=20 November 2012 |title=Impact committed to developing local talent |work=[[Montreal Gazette]] |pages=A23}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] 1nfjvvq4cfkzwzpnzj4znv0x2d3zqsq 0 201302 1615414 1578632 2026-11-07T19:52:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615414 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nadine Boboy Mwanela''' (alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], Machi 11, 1972) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ambaye kwa sasa ni Seneta ambaye alichaguliwa katika jimbo la Sud-Ubangi<ref name="lecolibripresse.cd">Lien web |langue=en |titre= GENRE : LA SÉNATRICE NADINE BOBOY MWANELA, UNE VOIX PLUS QUE FÉMININE |url=https://lecolibripresse.cd/genre-la-senatrice-nadine-boboy-mwanela-une-voix-plus-que-feminine/ |site=lecolibripresse.cd |date=24 mai 2024 |consulté le=12 février 2024</ref> katika [[Mkoa wa Équateur]] <ref name="actualite.cd">Lien web |langue=fr |titre=Sud-Ubangi: Alexis Mondonge, Françoise Bemba, Jean Lucien Bussa et Nadine Boboy élus sénateurs |url=https://actualite.cd/2024/04/29/sud-ubangi-alexis-mondonge-francoise-bemba-jean-lucien-bussa-et-nadine-boboy-elus |site=actualite.cd |année=29 avril 2024 |consulté le=12 février 2024</ref><ref name="radaris.com">Lien web |langue=fr |titre= "Nadine Boboy" |url=https://radaris.com/p/Nadine/Boboy/ |site=radaris.com |année= |consulté le=12 février 2024</ref><ref name="www.peekyou.com">{{Lien web |langue=en |titre= "Nadine Bobo" |url=https://www.peekyou.com/nadine_bobo {{Wayback|url=https://www.peekyou.com/nadine_bobo |date=20251002170655 }} |site=radaris.com |année= |consulté le=12 février 2024</ref>. == Kazi na ushawishi wa kisiasa == Mnamo Desemba 2020, Nadine Boboy, Rais wa Chama cha Sans But Lucratif (LIBANCO-Asbl), alitoa ufahamu miongoni mwa wanawake kadhaa ambao walikuwa wameitikia mwaliko huo. Ilikuwa ni fursa kwake kuwaeleza wanawake hao malengo ya (LIBANCO-Asbl) kabla ya kuwapa mbinu za kuanzisha upya shughuli zao ambazo zimetatizika sana kufuatia mzozo wa sasa wa kiafya<ref name="//actualite.cd">Lien web |langue=en |titre= RDC: Libanco Asbl satisfaite de son bilan en 2020 |url=https://actualite.cd/2021/02/03/rdc-libanco-asbl-satisfaite-de-son-bilan-en-2020 |site=//actualite.cd |date=24 mai 2024 |consulté le=12 février 2024</ref>. Mei 4, 2024 katika Seneti ya Kinshasa iliadhimishwa na uthibitisho wa Nadine Boboy Mwanela kama kiongozi mashuhuri wa kisiasa wa jimbo la Ubangi Kusini<ref name="lecolibripresse.cd" />. == Tazama pia == * [[Anne Mbunguje Marembo]] * [[Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] * [[Cathy Botema Mboyo]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1972|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] hd75sf8147jazsgals4qnu8d1b8ja65 0 201346 1615672 1530373 2026-11-08T11:33:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615672 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Estacion_de_números_HM01.ogg|thumb|Kituo cha nambari za Cuba HM01]] [[Faili:Gong_numbers_station.ogg|thumb|Rekodi ya kituo cha nambari cha The Gong, kinachoendeshwa na Jeshi la Wananchi wa Kitaifa la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Ujerumani, kutoka 1988.]] A '''numbers station''' ni kituo cha [[redio]] cha shortwave kilichojulikana kwa matangazo ya nambari zilizopangwa, ambazo inadhaniwa kuwa zinawalenga maafisa wa ujasusi wanaofanya kazi katika nchi za kigeni. Vituo vingi vilivyogundulika hutumia [[teknolojia]] ya [[sauti]] kutamka nambari, ingawa mbinu za kidijitali kama vile phase-shift keying na frequency-shift keying, pamoja na matangazo ya Morse code, pia ni za kawaida. Vituo vingi vina ratiba maalum, au mifumo ya ratiba; hata hivyo, vingine vinavyoonekana kutokuwa na muundo unaoweza kutambulika na hutangaza kwa nyakati zisizo na mpangilio. Vituo vinaweza kuwa na masafa maalum katika bendi ya masafa ya juu (high-frequency band).<ref name="Number stations basic">{{cite web|url=http://priyom.org/number-stations|title=Number stations|website=Priyom}}</ref> Vituo vya nambari vimeripotiwa tangu angalau mwanzo wa Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia na bado vinatumika leo. Miongoni mwa wapenzi wa redio za amateur, kuna hamu ya kufuatilia na kupanga vituo vya nambari, na vingi vikipewa majina yanayowakilisha tabia zao au asili zao.<ref name="E03 › Priyom.org">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://priyom.org/number-stations/english/e03|title=E03|website=Priyom.org|language=en|access-date=2017-06-17}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.numbers-stations.com/E03|title=E03 The LincolnShire Poacher|access-date=6 September 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021120813/https://www.numbers-stations.com/e03/|archivedate=2021-10-21|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Gorvett|first=Zaria|title=The ghostly radio station that no one claims to run|url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20170801-the-ghostly-radio-station-that-no-one-claims-to-run|date=15 July 2020|access-date=2021-07-12|website=BBC Future|language=en}}</ref> [[Faili:Sprach-Morse-Generator.jpg|thumb|Jenereta ya Speech/Morse (pichani hapa) ni mashine ambayo imekuwa ikitumika kwa vituo vingi vya nambari vinavyojulikana.]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-teknolojia}} ak50n7hybqpm3c904sf8kk1wubupigk 0 201485 1615508 1469622 2026-11-08T01:33:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615508 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:RENABELLE KAYALA NINGA TOKOLE.jpg|thumb|300px|Seneta Renabelle Kayala Ninga (2025)]] '''Renabelle Kayala Ninga''' (alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], 24 Aprili [[1987]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], Seneta wa sasa wa [[Kisangani]] tangu Aprili 2024<ref name="actualite.cd">Lien web |langue=fr |titre= Sénatoriale à Kinshasa : les femmes remportent deux sièges sur huit |url=https://actualite.cd/2024/04/30/senatoriale-kinshasa-les-femmes-remportent-deux-sieges-sur-huit |site=actualite.cd |date=30 avril 2024 |consulté le=14 février 2024</ref>. == Mgogoro wa uteuzi == Alhamisi, Mei 16, 2024 mjini Kinshasa Mahakama ya Kikatiba iliyohusika katika mizozo ya matokeo ya uchaguzi wa useneta ilitoa maamuzi yake kutokana na ombi la Muungano wa kisiasa wa Muungano wa Kidemokrasia na Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Congo. MAFDC, B, Mahakama ya Kikatiba ilitangaza kuwa haikubaliki na Bi. Kayala NingavTokole Renabelle aliyethibitishwa hivi majuzi kuwa Seneta wa Marekebisho ya Tatu ya Jamhuri ya Tatu. Kwa njia hii atawakilisha eneo bunge la [[Tshopo]] katika baraza la juu la bunge la Kongo. Baada ya kujitangaza katika uchaguzi wa useneta wa Aprili 29, 2024 kwenye orodha ya Action of Acquired Allies to Democracy, kwa kifupi AAAD, chama cha siasa kinachoongozwa na Mheshimiwa Angela TabuMakusi, Mheshimiwa Kayala Ninga Tokole amechaguliwa kuwa Rena kwa kura hii<ref name="depechesdelatshopo.com">Lien web |langue=fr |titre= Sénatoriales à la Tshopo : La cour constitutionnelle confirme l’élection de l’honorable KAYALA NINGA TOKOLE Renabelle |url=https://depechesdelatshopo.com/senatoriales-a-la-tshopo-la-cour-constitutionnelle-confirme-lelection-de-lhonorable-kayala-ninga-tokole-renabelle/ |site=depechesdelatshopo.com |date=16 mai 2024 |consulté le=14 février 2024</ref>{{,}}<ref name="lebarometre.cd">Lien web |langue=fr |titre= Agression Rwandaise : La Sénatrice Kayala Ninga Renabelle apporte son soutien au chef de l’Etat Félix Tshisekedi, aux Fardc et aux patriotes Wazalendo |url=https://lebarometre.cd/2025/02/03/agression-rwandaise-la-senatrice-kayala-ninga-renabelle-apporte-son-soutien-au-chef-de-letat-felix-tshisekedi-aux-fardc-et-aux-patriotes-wazalendo/ |site=lebarometre.cd |date=03 février 2025 |consulté le=14 février 2024</ref>{{,}}<ref name="infocongo.net">Lien web |langue=fr |titre= RDC : 84 sénateurs et 19 gouverneurs et vice-gouverneurs pour démarrer le second mandat de Félix Tshisekedi |url=https://infocongo.net/2024/05/02/rdc-84-senateurs-et-19-gouverneurs-et-vice-gouverneurs-pour-demarrer-le-second-mandat-de-felix-tshisekedi/ {{Wayback|url=https://infocongo.net/2024/05/02/rdc-84-senateurs-et-19-gouverneurs-et-vice-gouverneurs-pour-demarrer-le-second-mandat-de-felix-tshisekedi/ |date=20250214195853 }} |site=infocongo.net |date=02 mai 2024 |consulté le=14 février 2024</ref>. == Tazama pia == * [[Anne Mbunguje Marembo]] * [[Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] * [[Cathy Botema Mboyo]] * [[Nadine Boboy Mwanela]] * [[Arlette Bahati Tito]] == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ego7lv2tsmbovk6w7imx3wjxdkz8bsz 0 202821 1615484 1592715 2026-11-08T00:03:07Z Lapin kuski 93784 File 1615484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 |jina = Dolly Parton |picha = Dolly Parton 2011.jpg |maelezo = Dolly Parton 2011 |landscape = yes |background = solo_singer |jina la kuzaliwa = Dolly Rebecca Parton |jina lingine = |tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1946|1|19|df=yes}} |mahali pa kuzaliwa = Locust Ridge, Tennessee, Marekani |tarehe ya kufa = |ala = Sauti, gitaa, banjo, piano |aina = Country, pop, gospel, bluegrass |kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mtunzi, mwigizaji, mfanyabiashara, mfadhili |miaka ya kazi = 1956–sasa |studio = RCA, Columbia, Dolly Records |ameshirikiana na = [[Porter Wagoner]], [[Kenny Rogers]], [[Linda Ronstadt]], [[Emmylou Harris]] |tovuti = {{URL|https://dollyparton.com}} }} [[File:Dolly Parton @ Lanxess-Arena (Köln).jpg|thumb|Dolly Parton (2014)]] '''Dolly Rebecca Parton''' (alizaliwa [[19 Januari]], [[1946]] - [[25 Agosti|25 agosti]] [[2026]] ) alikuwa [[mwimbaji]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]], [[mwigizaji]], [[mfanyabiashara]] na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alijulikana sana kwa mchango wake mkubwa katika [[muziki wa country]], akiwa mmoja wa wanawake waliotunukiwa zaidi katika historia ya muziki huo. Ameandika zaidi ya nyimbo 3,000, ikiwa ni pamoja na nyimbo maarufu kama "[[I Will Always Love You]]", "Jolene", na "9 to 5".<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Blistein |first=Jon |date=November 20, 2023 |title=Dolly Parton Updates Her Classic 'Jolene' for Her Rock & Roll Era |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/dolly-parton-bonus-songs-new-album-rockstar-1234886964/ |access-date=January 20, 2024 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Yahr |first=Emily |date=October 17, 2023 |title=Dolly Parton was told 'gaudy' clothes would hurt her career. She doubled down. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/fashion/2023/10/17/dolly-parton-rockstar-fashion/ |access-date=January 20, 2024 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en |id=as much a part of her empire's origin story as her legendary singing (more than 100 million records sold; the first female country singer to sell 1 million copies of an album)}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hyland |first1=Claire |title=Nine startling facts about the Queen of Country music Dolly Parton |url=https://evoke.ie/2021/02/19/showbiz/dolly-parton-surprising-facts |website=EVOKE |date=February 19, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Good golly Miss Dolly... 10 amazing facts about Ms Parton |url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/whats-on/arts-culture-news/dolly-parton-facts-heads-cardiff-7310302 |work=Wales Online |access-date=May 12, 2021 |date=June 23, 2014}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Dolly alizaliwa katika familia yenye watoto 12 huko [[Locust Ridge]], [[Tennessee]]. Alianza kuimba akiwa mtoto katika kanisa la eneo lao, na baadaye akaanza kuonekana kwenye vipindi vya redio na televisheni akiwa na umri mdogo. Baada ya kuhitimu shule ya sekondari mwaka 1964, alihamia [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] kuendeleza kazi yake ya muziki. == Kazi ya muziki == Dolly alianza kama mtunzi wa nyimbo kwa wasanii wengine kabla ya kutoa albamu yake ya kwanza ''Hello, I'm Dolly'' mwaka 1967. Umaarufu wake uliongezeka zaidi aliposhirikiana na [[Porter Wagoner]] katika kipindi chake cha televisheni, na baadaye wakatoa albamu kadhaa za pamoja. Katika miaka ya 1970, alijitenga na akaanza kazi ya solo iliyomletea mafanikio makubwa kitaifa na kimataifa. Ameuza zaidi ya nakala milioni 100 za rekodi duniani kote, na ameshinda tuzo nyingi zikiwemo [[Grammy Awards]], [[Country Music Association Awards]], [[Academy of Country Music Awards]], na [[American Music Awards]]. == Albamu za kujitegemea (baadhi) == {| class="wikitable" |+ Albamu za Solo za Dolly Parton ! Mwaka !! Jina la Albamu !! Kumbukumbu |- | 1967 || ''Hello, I'm Dolly'' || |- | 1971 || ''Coat of Many Colors'' || |- | 1974 || ''Jolene'' || |- | 1977 || ''Here You Come Again'' || |- | 1980 || ''9 to 5 and Odd Jobs'' || |- | 1999 || ''The Grass Is Blue'' || |- | 2001 || ''Little Sparrow'' || |- | 2022 || ''Run, Rose, Run'' || |} == Albamu za kushirikiana == {| class="wikitable" |+ Albamu za Ushirikiano ! Mwaka !! Jina la Albamu !! Washirika !! Kumbukumbu |- | 1968–1976 || Albamu mbalimbali na Porter Wagoner || [[Porter Wagoner]] || |- | 1987 || ''Trio'' || [[Linda Ronstadt]], [[Emmylou Harris]] || |- | 1999 || ''Trio II'' || Linda Ronstadt, Emmylou Harris || |- | 2023 || ''Rockstar'' || Wasanii mbalimbali || |} == Kazi nyingine == Mbali na muziki, Dolly ni mwigizaji aliyeshiriki katika filamu kama 9 to 5 (1980), Steel Magnolias (1989), na Joyful Noise (2012). Pia ni mfadhili mkubwa kupitia taasisi yake ya [[Imagination Library]], inayotoa vitabu vya bure kwa watoto duniani kote. ==Afya na Kifo== Dolly Parton, amefariki dunia akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, Mpwa wake ametangaza taarifa hiyo kupitia video iliyochapishwa kwenye ukurasa wa Instagram wa Staa huyo.<ref name="NYTdeath2">{{cite news |last1=Friskics-Warren|first1=Bill|title=Dolly Parton, Country Music Superstar Whose Songs Spoke to Millions, Dies at 80|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/08/25/arts/music/dolly-parton-dead.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share|access-date=25 August 2026|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=25 August 2026}}</ref> Amefariki huko Nashville, Tennessee, tarehe 25 Agosti 2026, akiwa na umri wa miaka 80.<ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Spivey|first=Matt|last2=Hadfield|first2=Charlotte|date=August 25, 2025|title=Dolly Parton, Legendary US Country Singer, Dies Aged 80|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c0ry0yzxeyxt|access-date=August 25, 2026|website=[[BBC News]]|url-status=live}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa jarida la ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'', Parton alikuwa amelazwa hospitalini siku nne kabla ya kifo chake.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Richards |first=Bailey |date=August 25, 2026 |title=Dolly Parton Was Admitted to the Hospital 4 Days Before Her Death at 80 |url=https://people.com/dolly-parton-admitted-to-hospital-4-days-before-death-12067947 |access-date=August 25, 2026 |work=People}}</ref> Kifo chake kilitangazwa kupitia taarifa ya video iliyotolewa na mpwa wake. Pamoja na kwamba taarifa ya kifo chake haijataja chanzo cha kifo wala mazingira yake, kifo hicho kimetokea ikiwa ni miezi kadhaa tangu alipotangaza Mwezi Mei 2026 kufuta onesho lake la Las Vegas na kusema amekuwa akipata matibabu kwa muda baada ya mawe kugundulika kwenye figo zake.<ref>{{cite news|date=August 25, 2025|title=Dolly Parton, Queen of Country Music, Dies at 80|url=https://variety.com/2026/music/news/dolly-parton-dead-dies-country-music-1236842727|access-date=August 25, 2026|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|last1=Morris|first1=Chris|publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]]|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|first1=Victoria|last1=Edel|first2=Jason|last2=Sheeler|first3=Jeff|last3=Nelson|date=August 25, 2026|title=Dolly Parton, Country Music Legend, Dies at 80|url=https://people.com/dolly-parton-dead-7565853|access-date=August 25, 2026|website=[[People (magazine)|People]]|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{BD|1946|2026}} {{Reflist}} {{Commons category}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] 7n9fvm2qh5id9qaglibsx0ij1l005ik 0 203193 1615418 1612662 2026-11-07T20:17:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615418 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:FCC 15 - Nazmi Albadawi (46530049875) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Albadawi mwaka 2019]] '''Nazmi Nidal Nazmi Albadawi''' (Alizaliwa Agosti 24, [[1991]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa kitaaluma wa [[Palestina]] ambaye hivi karibuni alicheza kama kiungo wa timu ya North Carolina FC na timu ya taifa ya Palestina.<ref name="College">{{cite web |url=https://gopack.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=1253 |title=2013 Men's Soccer Roster |website=NC State Wolfpack |access-date=August 27, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.northcarolinafc.com/news_article/show/1024860 |title=Former Fan-Favorite Captain and Homegrown Nazmi Albadawi Returns to NCFC |date=May 30, 2019 |access-date=November 21, 2019 |website=North Carolina FC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530141132/https://www.northcarolinafc.com/news_article/show/1024860 |archivedate=2019-05-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.northcarolinafc.com/news_article/show/1066427|title=Club Great Nazmi Albadawi Signs Contract With North Carolina FC to Return for 2020 Season|date=November 21, 2019|website=North Carolina FC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216194123/https://www.northcarolinafc.com/news_article/show/1066427|archivedate=2019-12-16|accessdate=2025-02-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1991|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Palestina]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Marekani]] dbt72mxp78lg2uu8yrgbwdh51mtw2e0 0 203371 1615498 1612734 2026-11-08T00:50:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615498 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachel Wammack''' ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] wa muziki wa [[country]] aliyesainiwa na RCA Records kutoka Muscle Shoals, [[Alabama]].<ref name="megacountry">{{cite web |title=New Artist Spotlight: Rachel Wammack |url=http://www.megacountry.com/news/13998-new-artist-spotlight-rachel-wammack-891 |website=MegaCountry |accessdate=20 July 2018 |date=11 April 2018 |archive-date=2020-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223125239/http://www.megacountry.com/news/13998-new-artist-spotlight-rachel-wammack-891 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Edwards |first1=Jennifer |title=Wammack ready for her year as Miss UNA |url=http://www.timesdaily.com/news/wammack-ready-for-her-year-as-miss-una/article_c7d18d8e-a5dc-11e4-b9d0-6be7b23660b4.html |website=Times Daily |accessdate=20 July 2018 |date=26 January 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261011070027/https://www.timesdaily.com/news/wammack-ready-for-her-year-as-miss-una/article_c7d18d8e-a5dc-11e4-b9d0-6be7b23660b4.html |archivedate=2026-10-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wbkr.com/meet-sony-music-nashville-recording-artist-rachel-wammack-video/|title=Meet Sony Music Nashville Recording Artist Rachel Wammack [Video]|website=WBKR|last=Benefield|first=Chadwick|date=29 May 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] dlc0xgj7cyovumj507h8xtj3eok0hcy 0 204627 1615271 1527570 2026-11-07T13:34:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Marcela Cantuária''' (alizaliwa Rio de Janeiro, [[Brazili]], [[1991]]) ni [[msanii]] wa Visual wa [[Brazil]] anayefanya kazi hasa na [[uchoraji]]. Kazi ya Cantuária inahusu michoro ya kisasa ya kihistoria iliyotengenezwa kwa miundo midogo na mikubwa. Mada zinazojirudia katika kazi yake ni harakati za kijamii, historia ya kisiasa, [[ufeministi]], na sababu za kimazingira katika [[Amerika ya Kusini]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea kitabu |last=Delfim |first=Joyce |title=Sutur ar libert-ar : Marcela Cantuária |publisher=Paisagens Híbridas |year=2019 |isbn=9788569970149 |edition=1st |location=Rio de Janeiro |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Sullivan |first=Megan A. |title=A Review of Dissident Practices: Brazilian Women Artists, 1960s-2020s |url=https://revista.drclas.harvard.edu/a-review-of-dissident-practices-brazilian-women-artists-1960s-2020s-by-claudia-calirman-duke-university-press-2023-264-pages/ |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=ReVista |language=en-US}}</ref> Cantuária ni mwanachama wa shirika la kijamii la Brazili Brigadas Populares. Kufikia [[2019]], anaishi Rio de Janeiro. == Elimu na taaluma == Marcela Cantuária ana shahada ya kwanza katika uchoraji kutoka Shule ya Sanaa Nzuri katika Chuo Kikuu cha Shirikisho cha Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Akiwa mwanafunzi wa shahada ya kwanza, aliangaziwa katika maonyesho ya pekee na ya kikundi katika matunzio ya chuo kikuu, kama vile IV EBA/UFRJ Miaka miwili iliyopewa jina Reflexos (Reflexes), katika Jumba la Makumbusho la Nacional de Belas Artes, mwaka wa 2017. Mnamo mwaka wa 2019, msanii huyo alifungua maonyesho mawili ya pekee yenye ushawishi ili kupata nafasi ndani ya hotuba ya kisasa ya sanaa kote nchini na nje ya nchi. Katika zote mbili Sutur|ar Libert|ar, katika Centro Municipal de Arte Hélio Oiticica, iliyosimamiwa na Joyce Delfim, na katika Marcela Cantuária | La Larga Noche de los 500 años, iliyoandaliwa na jumba la sanaa A Gentil Carioca, ambaye anawakilisha msanii huko Rio de Janeiro, alitoa maoni kuhusu mtazamo wa Cantuária kuhusu masuala ya kijamii kama vile historia ya ukoloni na matatizo ya kijamii na kiuchumi nchini Brazili na Amerika Kusini. Kupitia masimulizi yake ya picha na lugha ya picha, analenga kuvutia masuala ya utambulisho kama vile jinsia, rangi na tabaka.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Diniz |first=Clarissa |date=December 10, 2019 |title=Marcela Cantuária: "Donate to those who hurt" |url=https://en.artebrasileiros.com.br/arte/artista/marcela-cantuaria-doe-a-quem-doer/ |website=ArteBrasileiros |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425113200/https://en.artebrasileiros.com.br/arte/artista/marcela-cantuaria-doe-a-quem-doer/ |archivedate=2025-04-25 |accessdate=2025-03-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Msanii huchanganya taswira zinazotegemea mtandao, utafiti wa kumbukumbu, picha, nakala, na maonyesho ya matukio ya kihistoria yanayowaheshimu watu wa kila siku na kutoa maoni kuhusu mapambano yanayoendelea ya kimataifa ya haki za wanawake. Katika ubao wake wa kromati wenye rangi nyingi, yeye hutumia rangi nyororo zenye joto na sauti za waridi-moto, nyekundu, manjano, na zambarau. Uwakilishi wa watu wasiojulikana na wa umma huchanganywa katika mandhari na nyimbo za asili ya mfano na yenye rangi nyingi. Michango ya kisiasa ya wanawake kwa jamii ni mada ya mara kwa mara katika shughuli za msanii. Kwa mfano, Berta Cáceres, Nise da Silveira, Marielle Franco, Deize Tigrona, Lúcia Maria de Souza, na Juana Azurduy ni wanawake wachache wanaoonekana kwenye turubai zilizopita. Ushiriki wake katika maonyesho makubwa ya pamoja ulianza mwaka wa 2019, katika Histórias Feministas (2019) iliyoratibiwa na Isabella Rjeille, kwenye Jumba la Makumbusho la Sanaa la São Paulo, na Contramemória, lililoratibiwa na Lilia Moritz Schwarcz, katika Theatro Municipal de São Paulo. MASP baadaye ilipata moja ya picha zake za kuchora. Kazi yake iliangaziwa katika magazeti na vyombo vya habari kimataifa kama vile Jarida la Vogue, Jarida la Claudia, ArteBrasileiros!, na vyombo vikuu vya habari kama vile O Globo na Folha de São Paulo. Uchapishaji wa [[2020]] Pensamento Feminista Hoje: Perspectivas Decoloniais (Mawazo ya Kifeministi Leo: Mitazamo ya Ukoloni) iliyoandaliwa na Heloisa Buarque de Hollanda, yanaweka wakfu sura, Outras Línguas: Três artistas brasileiras (Lugha Nyingine: Wasanii watatu wa kimataifa wanaofanya kazi kimataifa leo Brazili.) Mwandishi anapanua kazi ya Marcela Cantuária na kuiweka karibu na Adriana Varejão na Rosana Paulino. Maandishi yanaweka dhamira za kawaida zinazoingiliana na desturi zao: historia za ukandamizaji na ufutio dhidi ya wanawake.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1197972023 |title=Pensamento feminista hoje : perspectivas decoloniais |date=2020 |others=Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda, Adriana Varejão |isbn=978-85-69924-78-4 |location=Rio de Janeiro, RJ |oclc=1197972023}}</ref> Mnamo [[2022]], aliunda michoro ya umma ya Caju e Manatí kwa ushirikiano na jamii za wenyeji huko Cajueiro da Praia, huko Piauí. Lengo lilikuwa kuongeza ufahamu wa mazingira katika eneo hili. Maonyesho ya hivi majuzi ya mtu mmoja Propostas de Reencantamento (Mapendekezo ya Urejesho), huko São Paulo; La invocación del pasado a la velocidad del ahora (Maombi ya zamani kwa kasi ya saa), huko Madrid; na Figurar o Impossível, huko Minas Gerais, inaendelea kudumisha mpango wake wa ishara, picha, na jiografia kwa kuhuisha hadithi zilizoachwa kwenye ukingo wa masimulizi ya kihistoria ya sanaa ya kimapokeo. Akizingatia mitazamo ya ufeministi, analenga kukuza harakati za kijamii katika Amerika ya Kusini na Karibea. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] th52ubmpzryqszb374kjweui35tocmc 0 204876 1615518 1600926 2026-11-08T03:14:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Samuel Burl Kinison''' (/ˈkɪnɪsən/ KIN-iss-ən; [[8 Desemba]] [[1953]] – [[10 Aprili]] [[1992]]) alikuwa mcheshi wa kumudu simama na [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Marekani]]. Mhubiri wa zamani wa Kipentekoste, alifanya taratibu za kumudu simama ambazo zilijulikana kwa kumudu tirades za ghafla za [[nguvu]], zilizojazwa na kilio chake cha pekee, sawa na wahubiri wa karismatiki. Awali akicheza bila malipo, Kinison alikua mtu wa kawaida katika The Comedy Store, ambapo alikutana na hatimaye akawa rafiki na wacheshi kama Robin Williams na Jim Carrey. Ucheshi wa Kinison ulikuwa wa uchunguzi wa kejeli, hasa kuelekea wanawake na uchumba, na umaarufu wake ulikua haraka, na kumudu pelekea kuonekana kwenye "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson," "Late Night with David Letterman" na "Saturday Night Live." Katika kilele cha kazi yake mapema 1992, aliuawa katika ajali ya gari, akiwa na umri wa miaka 38.<ref name="Grammy">{{cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/sam-kinison/3786|title=Artist Sam Kinison|work=Grammy.com|access-date=October 26, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103124512/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/sam-kinison/3786|archivedate=2022-01-03|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="TVGuide">{{cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/sam-kinison/bio/210509/|title=Sam Kinison|work=[[TV Guide]]|access-date=October 26, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029140723/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/sam-kinison/bio/210509/|archivedate=2020-10-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kinison alipokea uteuzi wa Grammy mnamo 1988 kwa wimbo wa "Wild Thing" kutoka albamu yake ya "Have You Seen Me Lately?," na ushindi wa baada ya kifo mnamo 1994 kwa Albamu Bora ya Ucheshi ya Neno la Kusema, "Live from Hell."<ref name="biography">{{cite web |url=http://www.biography.com/people/sam-kinison-424006 |title=Sam Kinison, Comedian (1953–1992) |publisher=[[A+E Networks]] |access-date=February 27, 2015}}</ref> == Maisha == Samuel Burl Kinison alizaliwa Yakima, Washington, tarehe [[8 Desemba]] [[1953]], mwana wa Marie Florence (née Morrow) na Samuel Earl Kinison, mhubiri wa Kipentekoste. Familia ilihamia East Peoria, Illinois, wakati Kinison alikuwa na umri wa miezi mitatu. Akiwa na umri wa miaka mitatu, Kinison aligongwa na lori, ambalo lilimudu achia na uharibifu wa ubongo na kifafa. [[Baba]] yake alihudumu katika makanisa kadhaa kote nchini, akipokea mapato kidogo. Kinison alikuwa na kaka wawili wakubwa, Richard na Bill, na kaka mdogo, Kevin. [[Wazazi]] wake walitalikiana wakati Kinison alikuwa na miaka 11 baada ya hapo kaka yake Bill akaenda kuishi na baba yake huku Kinison akibaki na familia yote iliyosalia, licha ya pingamizi zake. Bill alielezea hili kama chanzo cha hasira nyingi za Sam. Kinison baadaye alihudhuria [[Shule]] ya Upili ya Jumuiya ya East Peoria huko East Peoria.<ref name="pjs-called">{{cite news |url=http://www.pjstar.com/news/x1356915489/Luciano-Comedian-called-this-home |title=Comedian called this 'home' |first=Phil |last=Luciano |work=[[Peoria Journal Star]] |date=April 10, 2012 |page=B1 |access-date=April 10, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.biography.com/performer/sam-kinison |title=Sam Kinison - Movies, Wild Thing & Wife |publisher=biography.com |date=April 2, 2014 |access-date=September 2, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/sam-kinisons-sad-scream-brothers-tale-goes-beyond-the-wild-performer/article_8f011594-f380-5394-9a57-dd25ed8b6c31.html |title=SAM KINISON'S SAD SCREAM BROTHER'S TALE GOES BEYOND THE WILD PERFORMER |publisher=buffalonews.com |date=August 21, 1994 |access-date=September 2, 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416235414/https://buffalonews.com/news/sam-kinisons-sad-scream-brothers-tale-goes-beyond-the-wild-performer/article_8f011594-f380-5394-9a57-dd25ed8b6c31.html |archivedate=2025-04-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Kinison na ndugu zake walimudu iga baba yao kwa kuwa wahubiri wa Kipentekoste. Kati ya [[1968]] na [[1969]], Kinison alihudhuria Kituo cha Mafunzo ya Biblia cha Pinecrest, shule ya biblia ya miaka mitatu isiyoidhinishwa, iliyoko Salisbury Center, [[New York]]. Mama yake alimuoa mhubiri mwingine na kuhamia Tulsa, Oklahoma, ambapo Kinison aliishi kwa muda. Alihubiri tangu umri wa miaka 17 hadi 24 na rekodi za mahubiri yake zinaonyesha kwamba alitumia mtindo wa "''moto na kiberiti,''" uliojaa kelele zinazofanana na zile ambazo baadaye angetumia katika taratibu zake za kumudu simama. Kaka yake Bill, hata hivyo, alibainisha kuwa "cha kushangaza, hakuwa na uwepo wa jukwaani" na hakuwa na mafanikio makubwa katika kupata pesa kutoka kwa kuhubiri, kwani alikuwa na wasiwasi zaidi na kumudu fanya mahubiri kuwa na taarifa zaidi kuliko burudani. Baada ya Kinison na mke wake wa kwanza kutalikiana, aliacha kuhubiri na akaanza kumudu cheka.<ref name="gq">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/entertainment/articles/2012-04/20/sam-kinison-tribute-death-wild-thing-quotes-video/viewall |magazine=[[GQ]] |date=April 20, 2012 |title=Icon: Sam Kinison |last=Jones |first=Dylan |access-date=January 12, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.megiloth.com/thoughts_and_opinions/social_commentary/samkinison.htm |title=Leader of the Banned |publisher=Megiloth.com |date=December 8, 1953 |access-date=May 19, 2014 |archive-date=2015-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105135652/http://www.megiloth.com/thoughts_and_opinions/social_commentary/samkinison.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://recoverycomedy.com/promo-andy-huggins.html |title=Recovery Comedy is proud to present Andy Huggins |publisher=Recovery Comedy |access-date=May 19, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://recoverycomedy.com/promo-jimmy-pineapple.html |title=Recovery Comedy is proud to present Jimmy Pineapple |publisher=Recovery Comedy |access-date=May 19, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6069058/ |title=Kinison: The Scream Continues (2016) |publisher=[[IMDb]] |access-date=November 12, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/02/arts/nine-comedians-appear-on-dangerfield-special.html |title=Nine Comedians Appear On Dangerfield Special |work=[[The New York Times]] |author-link=Stephen Holden |last=Holden |first=Stephen |date=August 2, 1985 |access-date=February 27, 2015}}</ref> == Kazi == Kinison alianza kazi yake huko Houston, Texas, ambapo alicheza katika vilabu vidogo. Alikua mwanachama wa kikundi cha vicheshi katika Warsha ya Vichekesho, inayojulikana kama Texas Outlaw Comics, ambayo ilijumuisha Bill Hicks, Ron Shock, Riley Barber, Steve Epstein, Andy Huggins, John Farneti, na Jimmy Pineapple. Hicks alimudu taja Kinison kama ushawishi mkubwa katika mtindo wake wa vicheshi, akibainisha kuwa "Alikuwa mtu wa kwanza ambaye niliwahi kumudu ona akienda jukwaani na kwa njia yoyote asimuulize hadhira imupende." Mnamo 1980, Kinison alihamia Los Angeles akitumaini kupata kazi katika The Comedy Store, lakini kwanza aliajiriwa kama mlindaji wa mlango. Muda si muda akaendeleza uraibu wa kokeini na pombe, haraka akiendelea hadi kumudu basa kokeini bila malipo, na akapambana kupata nafasi katika [[Biashara]] hiyo hadi kaka yake Bill alipohamia Los Angeles kumudu saidia kusimamia kazi yake. [[Mafanikio]] yake makubwa yalikuja kwenye HBO ya Rodney Dangerfield's Ninth Annual Young Comedians Special mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1985]]. Baada ya kubainisha uigizaji wa Bob Nelson, mhakiki Stephen Holden wa The New York Times aliandika, "wa vicheshi wengine wanane anayevutia zaidi ni Sam Kinison mwenye vicheshi vya kejeli sana. Bw. Kinison ana utaalam katika kilio cha wanyama cha kutisha ambacho kinaweza kuelezewa kama kilio cha msingi cha [[Mwanaume|mwanamume]] aliyeoa." Kinison baadaye angeonekana katika filamu ya Rodney Dangerfield "Back to School" mnamo 1986.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_VURr6jnWQ |title=Sam Kinison First Appearance on Letterman |date=June 3, 2006 |publisher=YouTube |access-date= May 19, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lasvegasweekly.com/news/archive/2007/apr/12/sam-kinisons-wild-ride/|title=Sam Kinison's Wild Ride - Las Vegas Weekly|website=lasvegasweekly.com|date=April 12, 2007|accessdate=2025-03-10|archive-date=2019-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007174739/https://lasvegasweekly.com/news/archive/2007/apr/12/sam-kinisons-wild-ride/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Souiri |first1=Sabrina |title=PTSD Awareness Podcast and Raw Story Telling |url=https://www.sabrinasouiri.com/ |website=Sabrina Souiri .com |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824102335/https://www.sabrinasouiri.com/ |archive-date=24 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="alamy/412239677">{{cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Ralph\ |title=Sam Kinison, sister Sabrina Kinison and wife Malika Souiri (right) attend the 17th Annual American Music Awards at the Shrine Auditorium |url=https://www.alamy.com/sam-kinison-sister-sabrina-kinson-and-wife-malika-souiri-right-attend-the-17th-annual-american-music-awards-on-january-22-1990-at-the-shrine-auditorium-in-los-angeles-california-credit-ralph-dominguezmediapunch-image412239677.html |website=alamy.com |access-date=31 October 2023 |location=Los Angeles, California |language=en |date=January 22, 1990}}</ref><ref name="lasvegasweekly/Kinison-Oral-History">*{{cite news |last1=Seabaugh |first1=Julie |title=Oral history of Sam Kinison 1: AAAHHH! AAAHHH! |url=https://lasvegasweekly.com/news/archive/2007/may/09/aaahhh-aaahhh/ |access-date=31 October 2023 |work=Las Vegas Weekly |date=May 9, 2007}} *{{cite news |last1=Seabaugh |first1=Julie |title=Oral history of Sam Kinison 2: Wild Ride |url=https://lasvegasweekly.com/news/archive/2007/apr/12/sam-kinisons-wild-ride/ |access-date=31 October 2023 |work=Las Vegas Weekly |quote=Sabrina Stephan (formerly Souiri), comic and Vegas native: Initially (sister Malika and I) were bored on tour, so I came up with a shtick to get us on the show. I go, "He has a water glass. Notice?" She goes, "Yeah, so?" I go, "We're Vegas performers. We can do this." So he reaches for his water glass and it's not there. He looks in the wings and me and Malika are dressed in these ridiculous costumes. I came out with the pitcher; she comes out with the glass. We did it all showy, like the Arabs do, you know, they pour the water high. And he's like, "Malika and Sabrina, ladies and gentlemen!" Then he's like, "That was just too funny. Let's keep doing it!" The costumes became more outrageous. |date=April 12, 2007}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1992]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] bfaiespv2alkuqrswd3slgsx06a7ahz 0 204937 1615663 1606968 2026-11-08T10:44:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Valeria Flores''' (pia anaitwa '''val flores'''; alizaliwa [[12 Januari]] [[1973]]) ni [[mwandishi]], mwalimu na mtetezi wa wasagaji wa [[Argentina]]. <ref name=":3">{{cite book |title=una lengua cosida de relámpagos|last=flores|first=val|publisher=hekht|year=2019|isbn=978-987-4954-05-3}}</ref> Amejitolea kwa nadharia ya kitambo na ufeministi wa jinsia moja. Anaandika insha za kinadharia zinazojulikana na uandishi wa ushairi, na ushairi. Miongoni mwa vitabu vyake vilivyochapishwa ni interruqciones. ''Ensayos de poética activist, Deslenguada''. ''Desbordes de una proletaria del lenguaje''<ref>{{cite news |title=Lengua larga|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/soy/1-1892-2011-03-11.html|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref> na ''El sótano de San Telmo''. Una barricada proletaria para el deseo lésbico en los 70. Yeye pia hufanya maonyesho na warsha kama aina za uingiliaji wa kisiasa, urembo na ufundishaji.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://17edu.org/val-flores/|title=val flores}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://editorialmadreselva.com.ar/book-author/valeria-flores/|title=Valeria Flores – Madreselva|first=Valeria|last=Flores}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Performance de arte y política Tarde de sexo (en) público en un museo de La Plata|url=https://www.clarin.com/cultura/sexo-publico-museo-plata_0_B93PDFIed.html|last=Patricia Kolesnicov|date=5 July 2019|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref> == Wasifu == Mzaliwa wa Buenos Aires, akiwa na umri wa miaka mitatu alihamia [[Neuquén]] na familia yake. Huko, alifanya kazi kama mwalimu wa msingi katika shule za umma katika jiji la Neuquén kwa miaka 15. Yeye ni Mwalimu wa Elimu ya Msingi, na alianza kazi kadhaa za chuo kikuu ambazo "aliziacha", kwa hivyo mafunzo yake kama mwandishi wa kiakili na wa kinadharia yanatokana na mazoezi ya kujifundisha. Anaishi katika jiji la Buenos Aires. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://herder.com.mx/es/autores-writers/valeria-flores|title=Valeria Flores &#124; Editorial Herder MX|accessdate=2025-03-10|archive-date=2025-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250327230315/https://herder.com.mx/es/autores-writers/valeria-flores|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=valeria flores: "Pienso lesbiana como un espacio epistemológico y de producción teórica"|url=https://latinta.com.ar/2019/06/valeria-flores-pienso-lesbiana-como-un-espacio-epistemologico-y-de-produccion-teorica/|last=Jorge Díaz y Francisca Palma|date=28 June 2019|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal|access-date=13 April 2021|last=Alvarado|date=2019|doi=10.12957/childphilo.2019.38630|first=Mariana|periodical=Childhood & Philosophy, Vol. 15, E38630|title=Pedagogías cuir y feminismos rapsódicos en/desde valeria flores|volume=15 |pages=1–15 |s2cid=242328824 |url=https://www.redalyc.org/jatsRepo/5120/512059810021/html/index.html|hdl=11336/121322|hdl-access=free}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref name=":2">{{cite news |title=Alteraciones del pulso de la vida: val flores y la pregunta por el sexo en el espacio público educativo|url=https://ffyh.unc.edu.ar/alfilo/alteraciones-del-pulso-de-la-vida-val-flores-y-la-pregunta-por-el-sexo-en-el-espacio-publico-educativo/|last=Enrico|first=Juliana|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref> Alikuwa mwanzilishi mwenza wa kikundi cha wanawake cha La Revuelta mnamo [[2001]], na mnamo 2004 aliondoka kwenye kikundi hicho kwa sababu ya tofauti za kibinafsi na kisiasa. Mwaka huo, aliunda Fugitivas del Desierto – lesbianas feministas, shirika la wasagaji ambalo lilitekeleza uingiliaji wa kisiasa, urembo, na kinadharia huko Neuquén, Ajentina (2004–2008). Pamoja na mshairi na mwanaharakati wa wasagaji, Macky Corbalán, kati ya 2014 na [[2015]], alichapisha jarida la wasagaji na wanawake ''"La Sociedad de las Extranas"'', likiwa na mzunguko wa kila mwezi. Kichwa hiki kinatokana na dondoo kutoka kwa Virginia Woolf: "na sisi, ambao tutasalia wageni, tutajaribu", kutoka kwa kitabu Three Guineas.<ref>{{cite news |title=Graciela Alonso: maestra feminista inspiradora|url=https://vaconfirma.com.ar/?articulos_seccion_11564/id_10853/graciela-alonso-maestra-feminista-inspiradora-|date=16 March 2020|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|access-date=13 April 2021|last=Gutiérrez|date=2017|first=María Laura|periodical=Tesis de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires|title=Imágenes de lo posible. Intervenciones y visibilidades feministas en las prácticas artísticas en Argentina (1986–2013).|url=https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/82843/CONICET_Digital_Nro.0a500501-05ad-4131-97fe-9b2270c185c3_A.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y|archive-date=2024-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512115358/https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/82843/CONICET_Digital_Nro.0a500501-05ad-4131-97fe-9b2270c185c3_A.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y|url-status=dead}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite book |title=VVAA. Itinerarios de la transgresión. Políticas, sujetos y experiencias.|last=ANASTASÍA, P. y BOCCARDI, F.|publisher=Comunicarte|pages=213–231|year=2012}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite news |title=LAS "FUGITIVAS DEL DESIERTO"|url=http://www1.rionegro.com.ar/diario/debates/2006/11/19/4195.php|last=Burton|first=Gerardo|date=19 November 2006|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.rimaweb.com.ar/|title=RIMA web|website=RIMA web|accessdate=2025-03-10|archive-date=2025-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319101537/https://www.rimaweb.com.ar/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo [[2009]] aliunda blogi ya kibinafsi "maandishi ya uzushi" ambayo anachapisha maandishi yake ya kinadharia, ya ushairi na ya kibinafsi. Mnamo mwaka wa [[2011]], huko Buenos Aires, alikuwa sehemu ya shirika la Majadiliano muhimu ya Wanaharakati wa Wasagaji. Mwaka huo huo alianzisha hifadhi ya kidijitali ya uharakati wa wasagaji wa Argentina, Potencia Tortillera (2011–2015), ambayo inalenga kurejesha kumbukumbu ya kuwepo kwa wasagaji wa ndani na uanaharakati. Mnamo 2012, alishiriki kama mratibu wa ''I Celebración de las Amantes''. ''Jornadas de orgullo y disidencia lesbiana'', huko [[Córdoba]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://escritoshereticos.blogspot.com/|title=escritos herèticos}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=MOVIMIENTOS.Potencia Tortillera, archivo del activismo lésbico|url=http://www.laizquierdadiario.com/Potencia-Tortillera-archivo-del-activismo-lesbico|last=Peralta|first=María Luisa|date=12 November 2014|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ciacentro.org.ar/agentes_2014#2014_1727|title=Agentes 2014 &#124; Centro de Investigaciones Artísticas|website=www.ciacentro.org.ar|accessdate=2025-03-10|archive-date=2023-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204155714/http://ciacentro.org.ar/agentes_2014#2014_1727|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rimaweb.com.ar/articulos/2011/%E2%80%9Cla-celebracion-de-las-amantes%E2%80%9D-primera-comunicacion/ |title="La celebración de las amantes" Jornadas de orgullo y disidencia lesbiana |accessdate=2025-03-10 |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414033922/http://www.rimaweb.com.ar/articulos/2011/%e2%80%9cla-celebracion-de-las-amantes%e2%80%9d-primera-comunicacion/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo 2013, pamoja na Macky Corbalán, aliunda shirika huru la uchapishaji La Mondonga Dark, mradi ambao ulitaka kusambaza sauti ambazo hazijachapishwa na za majaribio katika uwanja wa fasihi. Shirika la uchapishaji lilikoma kuwepo wakati Macky Corbalán alipoaga dunia mwaka wa 2014. <ref>{{cite news |title=Vísceras de lenguaje|url=https://www.lmneuquen.com/visceras-lenguaje-n170802|date=6 December 2012|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref> Mnamo Agosti 2013, pamoja na Noe Gall na wanaharakati wengine wa wasagaji, aliunda na kusambaza Tangazo la Wasagaji Wanaopendelea Jinsia Wanaopendelea Wafanyabiashara ya Ngono, ili kukabiliana na maendeleo ya kupinga ufeministi na kuharamishwa kwa wafanyabiashara ya ngono kutokana na sheria za kupinga biashara haramu. Kwa sasa, Flores anazalisha kazi ya mwanaharakati wa kiakili. <ref>{{cite news |title=Entre la extranjería y la solidaridad|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/las12/13-8303-2013-09-13.html|last=Lacombe|first=Andrea|date=13 September 2013|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Mnamo 2021, Flores alichapisha ''Romper el corazón del mundo''. Modos fugitivos de hacer teoría.<ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Cordone |first=Gabriela |date=2022 |title=Review of Val flores: Romper el corazón del mundo. Modos fugitivos de hacer teoría. |url=https://revistascientificas.us.es/index.php/PH/article/download/20793/19878 |journal=Philologia Hispalensis |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=197–200 |doi=10.12795/PH.2022.v36.i02.11 |s2cid=254618467 |doi-access=free |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910114724/https://revistascientificas.us.es/index.php/PH/article/download/20793/19878 |archive-date=2024-09-10 |access-date=2025-03-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] f9d41t2kzkenhwe8h35nt8p5ftzw19y 0 205403 1615285 1513353 2026-11-07T13:54:50Z Grace Daudi 93413 1615285 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Halima Bashir''' ni jina la kisanii la daktari wa kike kutoka [[Sudan]], ambaye ni mwandishi wa kitabu ''Tears of the Desert'', kumbukumbu inayoelezea uzoefu wa wanawake kuhusu mauaji ya kimbari na [[vita vya Darfur]]. Alifanya kazi kama daktari katika vijiji vya Sudan, kabla ya kuteswa na Huduma ya Ujasusi na Usalama ya Kitaifa (NISS) baada ya kutoa taarifa sahihi kwa viongozi wa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kuhusu shambulio la kikosi cha Janjaweed kwenye shule ya karibu. Tangu wakati huo, amehamia Uingereza, ambako alidai haki ya kukimbilia. ==Maisha== Halima Bashir, jina la kisanii alilochagua kwa ajili ya usalama wake, alikulia katika vijiji vya [[Darfur]] magharibi mwa [[Sudan]].<ref name="notsilenced"/> Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto wanne, na alifanya vizuri shuleni.<ref name="notsilenced"/> Akiwa na umri wa miaka minane, alipata ukeketaji wa kike. Chakula maalum kilifanyika, na akapewa pesa, kabla ya kushikwa chini ndani ya kibanda cha bibi yake wakati wakimwata kisu bila [[dawa ya kulevya]] ili kukata sehemu zote za nje za viungo vya uzazi. Baba yake alimtakia mafanikio alipojifunza kuwa daktari; baba yake alikuwa tajiri wa kutosha kumpeleka shule ya mjini, ambako alifanya vizuri kama mwanafunzi. Alimaliza mafunzo yake kabla ya kuanza kwa mauaji ya kimbari na [[Vita vya Darfur]]. Alipokuwa akifanya kazi katika kliniki, alitoa mahojiano ambamo alipinga msimamo wa serikali ya Sudan. Kwa kujibu, alikamatwa na kutishiwa na mamlaka, kabla ya kupelekwa kwenye kliniki ya vijiji huko Kaskazini mwa Darfur na kuonywa asizungumze na waandishi wa habari wa magharibi.<ref name="notsilenced">{{cite news|last1=Kristof|first1=Nicholas|title=Tortured, but Not Silenced|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/31/opinion/31kristof.html|accessdate=22 Oktoba 2016|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=31 Agosti 2008}}</ref> Katika kliniki yake mpya, alikuta yeye mwenyewe akitibu wahasiriwa wa ''kikosi cha Janjaweed,'' ikiwa ni pamoja na wasichana 42 wa shule ambao walinyakuliwa kwa kundi katika shambulio la serikali kwenye kijiji hicho. Baadaye alieleza, "Wakati wowote wa miaka yangu ya masomo, sikufundishwa jinsi ya kushughulikia wahasiriwa wa ubakaji wa kundi wa watoto wenye umri wa miaka 8 katika kliniki ya vijijini bila kutosha vifungo vya kushona." Wakati maafisa wawili kutoka [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] walipokuja kukusanya taarifa kuhusu shambulio hilo, Bashir aliwaambia ukweli. Kwa kujibu, alichukuliwa na Huduma ya Ujasusi na Usalama ya Kitaifa (NISS),<ref name="notsilenced"/> na alinyakuliwa kwa kundi, kuchomwa na visu na kuchomwa na sigara mara kwa mara kwa siku kadhaa.<ref name="indy">{{cite news|last1=Woolfe|first1=Marie|title=The rape of Darfur: a crime that is shaming the world|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/the-rape-of-darfur-a-crime-that-is-shaming-the-world-427840.html|accessdate=22 Oktoba 2016|work=[[The Independent]]|date=10 Desemba 2006}}</ref> Aliachiliwa na kurudi kijijini kwake, ambapo baba yake alimpaolea binamu yake Sharif, ambaye alikuwa amemuona mara moja tu kabla. Alimchagua Sharif kwa sababu alionekana kuwa mtu wa maendeleo. Kijiji hicho kilishambuliwa muda mfupi baadaye, na kusababisha kifo cha baba yake na kutoweka kwa ndugu zake.<ref name="notsilenced"/> Kwa kusema juu ya shambulio hili kwa wachunguzi wa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], Bashir mwenyewe aliteswa vibaya na kunyakuliwa. Aliporudi kijijini kwake, kilikuwa kimeharibiwa na [[helikopta]] za serikali na kikosi cha Janjaweed. Muda mfupi baadaye, Halima alikimbia nchi kwa hofu ya serikali bado kumwinda.<ref>[http://www.scotsman.com/news/book-review-tears-of-the-desert-one-woman-s-true-story-of-surviving-the-horrors-of-darfur-1-1083985#axzz3q19EzDjt "One Woman's True Story of Surviving the Horrors of Darfur"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008041635/http://www.scotsman.com/news/book-review-tears-of-the-desert-one-woman-s-true-story-of-surviving-the-horrors-of-darfur-1-1083985#axzz3q19EzDjt|date=8 Oktoba 2012}}. ''[[The Scotsman]]''. Ukaguzi wa Lesley McDowell, 9 Agosti 2008</ref> ==Safari ya ng'ambo na uandishi== Bashir aliacha Sudan na kusafiri hadi Uingereza kudai haki ya kukimbilia,<ref name="notsilenced"/> alikuwa amemlipa mtumiaji wa watu kwa vito. Wakati akiwa Wingereza, alipinga ukosefu wa hatua za nchi hiyo dhidi ya Sudan, akimkabidhi barua moja kwa moja kwa Bwana David Triesman, Waziri wa Afrika ndani ya serikali ya Wingereza.<ref name="indy"/> Aliandika wasifu wake, ''Tears of the Desert'', kwa kushirikiana na Damien Lewis, iliyochapishwa mwaka wa 2008.<ref name="Bashir 2008">{{cite book | last=Bashir | first=Halima | last2=Lewis | first2=Damien | title=Tears of the desert : a memoir of survival in Darfur | url=https://archive.org/details/tearsofdesertmem00bash | publisher=One World Ballantine Books | publication-place=New York | date=2008 | isbn=978-0-345-50625-2 | oclc=191922835}}</ref> ==Tears of the Desert== {{Infobox book | image = Tears of the Desert.jpg | author = Halima Bashir na [[Damien Lewis (filmmaker)|Damien Lewis]] | isbn = 978-0-345-50625-2 | pub_date = 9 Septemba 2008 | publisher = [[Oneworld Publications]] na [[Ballantine Books]] | genre = Wasifu | subject = [[Mauaji ya kimbari ya Darfur]] }} '''''Tears of the Desert: A Memoir of Survival in Darfur''''' ni kitabu cha wasifu kilichoandikwa kwa kushirikiana na ''Bashir'' na mwandishi wa habari wa Kiingereza Damien Lewis. Wasifu huu unatoa maelezo ya maisha ya Bashir katika eneo la [[Darfur]] nchini [[Sudan]], yaliyowekwa alama na uzoefu wa vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe, mauaji ya kimbari, ukatili wa kijinsia na mauaji.<ref name="Bashir 2008"/> Kwa sababu ya kusema juu ya mateso ya wananchi wake yaliyotolewa na makundi ya Janjaweed, Bashir aliomba hifadhi ya kisiasa huko Uingereza.<ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Kristof|first=Nicholas|date=2008-08-31|title=Opinion {{!}} Tortured, but Not Silenced|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/31/opinion/31kristof.html|access-date=2021-06-06|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=29 Septemba 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929043309/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/31/opinion/31kristof.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Katika kitabu chake, amebadilisha majina na maeneo. Hata hivyo, uthibitisho wa kujitegemea na ''[[The New York Times]]'' umeonyesha kwamba ukweli haujapigwa chini.<ref name="notsilenced"/> Gazeti hilo pia lilipigania kwa Bashir kwa ajili ya viza ya kuingia Marekani.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Yefimov|first1=Natasha|title=Helping Dr. Halima Bashir|url=http://kristof.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/09/04/helping-dr-halima-bashir/?_r=0|accessdate=22 Oktoba 2016|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=4 Septemba 2008}}</ref> Mwaka wa 2010, alitunukiwa Tuzo ya Anna Politkovskaya kwa kusema juu ya mashambulio ya kikatili ya Janjaweed kwa wasichana wa shule huko Darfur.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nobelwomensinitiative.org/2010/10/halima-bashir-wins-the-annual-reach-all-women-in-war-award/ |title=Halima Bashir Wins 2010 Anna Politkovskaya Award |publisher=Nobel Women's Initiative |accessdate=11 Aprili 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021004422/http://nobelwomensinitiative.org/2010/10/halima-bashir-wins-the-annual-reach-all-women-in-war-award/ |archive-date=21 Oktoba 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Maelezo mafupi=== Wakati Halima anapohudhuria shule ya sekondari mjini, anakabiliana na uadui wa jadi kati ya Waafrika weusi wa Darfur na watawala wachache wa Kiarabu na ubaguzi wa kikundi chao dhidi ya Waafrika weusi tangu wakati huo. Zaidi ya hayo, anazungumza juu ya ukosefu wa msaada kutoka kwa waalimu katika mapigano ya mwili yanayotokana na ubaguzi dhidi ya wasichana wa shule, ambayo husababisha kufukuzwa – yote ni somo la awali la kutokuwa na uwezo.<ref name="TheScotsman">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2013-02-01|title=Book review: Tears of the Desert: One Woman's True Story of Surviving…|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/book-review-tears-of-the-desert-one-woman-s-true-story-of-surviving-the-horrors-of-darfur-1-1083985|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201204610/http://www.scotsman.com/news/book-review-tears-of-the-desert-one-woman-s-true-story-of-surviving-the-horrors-of-darfur-1-1083985|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-02-01|access-date=2021-06-06|website=archive.ph}}</ref> ===Lengo la riwaya=== Mwandishi mwenzake Damien Lewis alisema kuwa moja ya malengo yake ilikuwa, "kufanya (...) wewe au mimi au mtu yeyote katika Magharibi kuhisi kwamba hiyo inaweza kuwa wao (...) wangeweza kuhisi vipi, ikiwa hiyo ingetokea kwao, inaleta karibu kwa kiwango cha familia ya kibinadamu. Ungehisi vipi, ikiwa ingekuwa watoto wako au baba yako, au babu yako, au kijiji chako? (...) Kwa hivyo haihisi kama maelfu ya maili mbali katika tamaduni tofauti mahali ambapo hatuelewi".<ref name="cnnTransripts">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2005-09-08|title=HALIMA BASHIR, AUTHOR, "TEARS OF THE DESERT"|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0809/05/i_c.01.html|access-date=2021-06-06|website=transcripts.cnn.com|archive-date=22 Mei 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522044953/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0809/05/i_c.01.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Wasifu== <references /> [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Sudan]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Afrika]] bklgdikwrbxfvb81jrg9b383nk9fom2 0 206024 1615471 1584278 2026-11-07T23:19:44Z Tbm 44189 1615471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu |rangi = |jina =Frank Kisamo |picha =Frank kisamo.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = |jina la kuzaliwa = |alizaliwa = 2000 |alikufa =2025 |nchi =Tanzania |kazi yake =Mwananaharakati na Mwandishi wa Vitabu |ndoa = |wazazi = |watoto = |tovuti rasmi = }} '''Frank Kisamo''' ([[21 Novemba]] [[2000]] - [[27 Februari]] [[2025]]) alikuwa [[Harakati|mwanaharakati]] wa Kitanzania, [[mjasiriamali]], kiongozi wa vijana, [[mkulima]] mbunifu na mtetezi wa [[kilimo]] endelevu. Anatambulika kwa mchango wake mkubwa katika sekta ya kilimo na mazingira kupitia taasisi aliyoanzisha inayojulikana kama Kilimo Sustainable Movement (KSM). Pia ni mwenyekiti wa Arusha Food System Youth Leaders (AFSYL), mtandao wa vijana unaolenga mageuzi ya mfumo wa chakula kwa njia shirikishi na endelevu. Frank amewahi kushiriki katika majukwaa ya kimataifa kama COP28, na anahusishwa na harakati za vijana kimataifa kupitia mashirika kama YOUNGO na Ban Ki-moon Center pia ni [[mwandishi]] wa [[Kitabu|vitabu]] na mtetezi wahaki za [[mazingira]].<ref name="ViceVersaAgri">Vice Versa Global (2024). "Youth Agripreneurship in Africa: Sowing Seeds of Change". https://www.viceversaglobal.com/youth-agripreneurship-africa-sustainable-agriculture/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.viceversaglobal.com/youth-agripreneurship-africa-sustainable-agriculture/ |date=20251014004005 }}</ref> Alifariki mwezi Februari 2025 kwa ajali ila ataendelea kukumbukwa kwa alama alizoziacha.<ref name="VYAYouthFood">Tanzania Youth Alliance for Food Systems. "Frank Kisamo". https://vijana4food.or.tz/meet-gain-youth-leaders/arusha/frank-kisamo/ {{Wayback|url=https://vijana4food.or.tz/meet-gain-youth-leaders/arusha/frank-kisamo/ |date=20260119122830 }}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Frank Kisamo alikuwa kijana kiongozi mwenye maono na kujitolea kwa dhati katika kuleta mageuzi ya mifumo ya [[chakula]] nchini [[Tanzania]]. Akiwa Kiongozi wa Vijana wa Mifumo ya Chakula wa GAIN [[Arusha (mji)|Arusha]] na Mratibu wa Kanda, alitoa mwelekeo na msukumo kwa vijana wenzake, akiwahamasisha wengi kupitia shauku na uaminifu wake kwa kazi. Alianzisha Umoja wa Vijana wa Tanzania kwa Mifumo ya Chakula (Tanzania Youth Alliance for Food Systems), mtandao unaoongozwa na vijana ulioundwa na viongozi wa GAIN, kwa lengo la kuhakikisha ushiriki wenye maana wa vijana katika mageuzi ya mifumo ya chakula kote nchini. Ushawishi wake katika kuhamasisha vijana na kutetea kilimo endelevu na mifumo ya chakula isiyoharibu mazingira ulitambuliwa kwa kiwango kikubwa.<ref name="WesterwelleImpact">Westerwelle Foundation (2023). "Impact Report 2023 – Frank Kisamo, KSM Organic Company". https://westerwelle-foundation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/240312_WF_Impact_Report_DP-compressed.pdf</ref> Wakati wa Tuzo za Vijana wa Mifumo ya Chakula Arusha mwaka 2024, Frank Kisamo alitunukiwa [[tuzo]] mbalimbali kama ishara ya mchango wake wa kipekee: * Kiongozi Bora wa Vijana katika Mifumo ya Chakula wa Mwaka 2024 (Kwa Wanaume) * Mtu Anayeaminika Zaidi Kuwa Mkurugenzi wa GAIN Tanzania Siku za Ujao * Mtu Anayeaminika Zaidi Kuwa Waziri wa Kilimo * Tuzo ya Mchango wa Kijamii (Kwa Wanaume) Mbali na uongozi wake ndani ya mitandao ya vijana, Frank alikuwa Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa Kilimo Sustainable Movement (KSM), taasisi iliyojikita katika kubadilisha taka za chakula kuwa mbolea, kukuza kilimo endelevu na kulinda mazingira.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African youth addressing soil degradation through biological means|url=https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/general/youth-biological-soil/2024/|date=2024-10-30|accessdate=2025-04-17|language=Kiingereza}}</ref> Mchango wake katika mifumo ya chakula na kuwawezesha vijana ulikuwa wa kuvutia na wenye athari kubwa. Safari yake ya maisha ilikatizwa ghafla tarehe 27 Februari 2025, lakini urithi wake wa uongozi, ubunifu, na kujitoa kwa ajili ya mabadiliko ya mifumo ya chakula utaendelea kuwahamasisha vizazi vijavyo.<ref name="MichuziLegacy">Michuzi Blog (2025). "Frank Kisamo: A Legacy of Youth Leadership in Food Systems". https://www.michuzi.co.tz/2025/02/frank-kisamo-legacy-of-youth-leadership.html</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|2000|2025}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] i7gdobclhtg02jeryncgbvry37ttsjp 0 208127 1615505 1606914 2026-11-08T01:24:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615505 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebo Tchulo''' (jina halisi: '''Deborah Tshimpaka Mulanga''', alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]], 5 Desemba 1997) ni mwimbaji, mtunzi wa nyimbo na mcheza dansi kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=cgocs|title=Biographie de Deborah Rebo Tchulo|url=https://kinkiese.com/2022/10/20/biographie-de-deborah-rebo-tchulo/|date=2022-10-20|accessdate=2023-06-30}}</ref>. Mnamo mwaka 2022, alipata mtoto wa kike na mwimbaji wa Kongo, Innocent Didace Balume, anayefahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii Innoss’B<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Claudia|last=DIANOU|title=Innoss'b: la célébrité de la musique congolaise devient papa (photo)|url=https://beninwebtv.com/innossb-la-celebrite-de-la-musique-congolaise-devient-papa-photo/|date=2022-02-21|accessdate=2023-12-24}}</ref> . == Ujana na mwanzo katika muziki == Rebo Tchulo ni mtunzi wa nyimbo na mwimbaji. Alianza kuimba nyimbo za injili katika kanisa lao. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=cgocs|title=Biographie de Deborah Rebo Tchulo/Chulo|url=https://kinkiese.com/2022/10/20/biographie-de-deborah-rebo-tchulo/|date=2022-10-20|accessdate=2023-12-24}}</ref>. Alijulikana kwa ubadhirifu wake <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=cgocs|title=Biographie de Deborah Rebo Tchulo/Chulo|url=https://english.congovirtuel.com/biography-of-deborah-rebo-tchulo/|date=2022-10-20|accessdate=2023-12-24}}</ref> . Akipewa jina la utani la malkia wa kumvua nguo kwa ajili ya mavazi yake, atafukuzwa katika kanisa lake. Licha ya kila kitu, ataendelea kujitolea maisha yake kwa muziki. Mnamo 2016, alishiriki katika mashindano kadhaa ambayo yalimruhusu kuimba na waimbaji kadhaa wa Kongo wasiojulikana. Mnamo 2017, alijulikana kwa umma kwa ujumla chini ya lebo ya FG Production ya Ferré Gola, na, kufuatia kazi yake ya pekee, aliamua kujitenga na mshauri wake mnamo 2021. Amejitolea kufanya kazi yake kuwa huru, baada ya kuachia wimbo wake wa pekee wa hivi punde unaoitwa ''Pepele'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Le clip « Pepele » de Rebo qualifié de plagiat, dépasse 90.000 vues sur Youtube en plus ou moins 24heures - PourElle.info|url=https://pourelle.info/le-clip-pepele-de-rebo-qualifie-de-plagiat-depasse-90-000-vues-sur-youtube-en-plus-ou-moins-24heures/|date=2021-07-05|accessdate=2023-06-30}}</ref>, ambao ulifikia nambari moja katika miji kadhaa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=RedactionH|title=Mukaji Internationale Rebo Tchulo: « Ce titre va bien avec la journée du 8 mars »|url=https://heshimardc.net/v1/2023/04/05/mukaji-internationale-rebo-tchulo-ce-titre-va-bien-avec-la-journee-du-8-mars/|date=2023-04-05|accessdate=2023-06-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630094918/https://heshimardc.net/v1/2023/04/05/mukaji-internationale-rebo-tchulo-ce-titre-va-bien-avec-la-journee-du-8-mars/|archivedate=2023-06-30|url-status=dead}}</ref>,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=Enock Bulonza|title=Rebo Tchulo : carrière surprenante, influences, tendances… Ce qu’il faut savoir de la star congolaise|url=https://www.afrik.com/rebo-tchulo-carriere-surprenante-influences-tendances-ce-qu-il-faut-savoir-de-la-star-congolaise|date=2020-11-01|accessdate=2023-06-30}}</ref>. Uwepo wake kwenye mitandao ya kijamii, hasa Instagram na YouTube, umemruhusu kuunganishwa na hadhira pana. Ushirikiano wake wa kisanii pia umechangia kuonekana kwake. Amekuwa mmoja wa watu maarufu wa Kongo wanaofuatwa mtandaoni. Hivi majuzi, mwimbaji wa Kongo alisaini na Warner Music <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Yvan Tounssi|last=Ndjock|title=Rebo Tchulo aurait-elle décroché un contrat avec Warner Music ?|url=https://www.newstoriesafrica.com/rebo-tchulo-aurait-elle-decroche-un-contrat-avec-warner-music-p62751|date=2023-12-10|accessdate=2023-12-24}}</ref> . Aidha, kampuni ya rekodi itachukua tahadhari ya kulinda hakimiliki yake. == Diskografia == === Bila wenzi === * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+coeur+fragile&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=yxIsaNPkFfGjkdUP4OuimAE&oq=rebo+C%C5%93ur+&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgtyZWJvIEPFk3VyICoCCAAyBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAEyBRAhGJ8FMggQABiABBiiBEizjgJQggpYpYMCcAF4AJABAJgB_QKgAesfqgEFMi03Lja4AQHIAQD4AQGYAgmgArEXwgIIEAAYgAQYsAPCAgkQABiwAxgIGB7CAgsQABiABBiwAxiiBMICCBAAGLADGO8FwgIKECkYsAMY1gQYR8ICBRAAGIAEwgICECnCAgUQKRiABMICCxAuGIAEGLEDGIMBwgIFEC4YgATCAgcQLhiABBgKwgIFEAAY7wXCAggQABiiBBiJBZgDAIgGAZAGCJIHBzEuMy02LjKgB7JGsgcFMy02LjK4B-YWwgcFNC03LjLIB9MC&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp 2018] : Cœur Fragile * ''[https://www.google.com/search?q=Rebo+Tchulo+okanga+nga&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=sRMsaIanHP7X7M8Piq6q-Q0&oq=Rebo+Tchulo+okanga+nga&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIhZSZWJvIFRjaHVsbyBva2FuZ2EgbmdhMggQABiABBiiBDIFEAAY7wUyBRAAGO8FMgUQABjvBTIIEAAYgAQYogRI5DhQphxYuSRwAHgAkAEAmAHiDKABtheqAQk1LTEuMS4wLjG4AQPIAQD4AQGYAgKgAqsLwgILEAAYgAQYsAMYogTCAggQABiwAxjvBZgDAIgGAZAGBZIHBTUtMS4xoAfjB7IHBTUtMS4xuAerC8IHAzQtMsgHOQ&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2019]'' : Okanga nga * [https://www.google.com/search?q=Rebo+biloko&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=SRIsaNyGJPGjkdUP4OuimAE&oq=Rebo+biloko&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgtSZWJvIGJpbG9rbzIFEC4YgAQyBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIFECEYoAEyBRAhGKABMgUQIRigAUjIxgFQjgpYqL0BcAJ4AZABAJgB4ASgAbolqgEJMi0zLjcuMS4yuAEDyAEA-AEBmAILoAKSHcICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAg0QLhiABBiwAxhDGIoFwgIKECkYgAQYQxiKBcICCBAAGBYYChgewgIGECkYFhgewgIFEAAYgATCAgcQABiABBgKwgIFECkYgATCAgsQLhiABBixAxiDAZgDAIgGAZAGCZIHCzEuMS4xLjUuMi4xoAeTX7IHCTItMS41LjIuMbgH6RvCBwU0LTYuNcgHvgM&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2019] : ''Biloko'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=Rebo+ni+nani&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=BRIsaKiQL6WskdUP-eOC8AU&oq=Rebo+ni+nani&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgxSZWJvIG5pIG5hbmkyBRAuGIAEMgQQABgeMgQQABgeMgQQABgeMgQQABgeMgYQABgFGB5I9FxQmwpY9FVwAXgBkAEAmAHuAqAB3SKqAQUyLTUuObgBA8gBAPgBAZgCCqAC4xnCAgoQABiwAxjWBBhHwgITEC4YgAQYsAMYQxjIAxiKBdgBAcICChApGIAEGEMYigXCAgsQLhiABBixAxiDAcICBRAAGIAEwgIGECkYFhgewgIHEAAYgAQYCsICBhAAGBYYHsICCBAAGBYYChgewgIFECEYoAHCAgUQABjvBZgDAIgGAZAGCroGBAgBGAiSBwUxLjMtOaAH3l2yBwMzLTm4B4wZwgcFNC00LjbIB7gD&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2019] : ''Ni Nani'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=Rebo+mbote&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=9REsaKDSL6ynkdUP2qrN8QY&oq=Rebo+mbote&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgpSZWJvIG1ib3RlMgoQLhiABBhDGIoFMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBBAAGB4yBBAAGB4yBBAAGB4yBhAAGAUYHjIGEAAYCBgeSMIxUJcgWKMqcAF4AZABAJgBzQKgAYYFqgEDMy0yuAEDyAEA-AEBmAIDoAKoBsICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAg0QLhiABBiwAxhDGIoFwgIHEC4YgAQYDcICBxAAGIAEGA3CAgYQABgNGB7CAggQABgIGA0YHpgDAIgGAZAGCZIHBTEuMy0yoAeLDrIHAzMtMrgH5gXCBwU0LTIuMcgHbg&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2020] : ''Mbote'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+pepele&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=iREsaNq6N-GKkdUP37SIkQU&gs_ssp=eJzj4tVP1zc0LLRIr8hLL8w1YPTiLkpNylcoSC1IzUkFAH_5CUM&oq=Rebo+pe&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgdSZWJvIHBlKgIIADIFEC4YgAQyBRAAGIAEMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIIEAAYFhgKGB5I-VRQgA1YwytwAXgBkAEAmAH7AqABmhyqAQUyLTguNLgBAcgBAPgBAZgCBaAC5QvCAgoQABiwAxjWBBhHwgIKECkYgAQYQxiKBcICBRApGIAEwgILEC4YgAQYsQMYgwGYAwCIBgGQBgWSBwcxLjMtMy4xoAfaW7IHBTMtMy4xuAezC8IHBTQtMy4yyAfFAQ&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2021] : ''Pepele'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=Rebo+contamin%C3%A9e&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=fREsaJmKLZapkdUP__fy0QY&oq=Rebo+contamin%C3%A9e&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIhBSZWJvIGNvbnRhbWluw6llMgoQLhiABBhDGIoFMgQQABgeMgQQABgeMgQQABgeMgQQABgeMgYQABgFGB4yBhAAGAUYHjIGEAAYBRgeSNQpUN0YWNMicAF4AZABAJgBugKgAdcEqgEFMi0xLjG4AQPIAQD4AQGYAgOgAusFwgIKEAAYsAMY1gQYR8ICBxAuGIAEGA3CAgYQABgNGB7CAggQABgFGA0YHpgDAIgGAZAGBZIHBTEuMy0yoAeWD7IHAzMtMrgHvwXCBwU0LTIuMcgHag&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2022] : ''Contaminée'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+mukaji+internationale&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=EhEsaK-yKdGjkdUPuqiuwAk&gs_ssp=eJzj4tVP1zc0LElPijdLS4s3YPSSKkpNylfILc1OzMpUyMwrSS3KSyzJzM9LzEkFADO3Dxc&oq=rebo+muka&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIglyZWJvIG11a2EqAggAMgUQLhiABDIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yCBAAGBYYChgeMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB5I_ilQ-gdYgB9wAXgBkAEAmAGJA6ABgByqAQUyLTIuObgBAcgBAPgBAZgCB6AC3xDCAgoQABiwAxjWBBhHwgIKECkYgAQYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEwgICECnCAgcQABiABBgKwgIHEC4YgAQYE8ICCBAAGBMYFhgewgIKEAAYExgWGAoYHpgDAIgGAZAGA5IHBTEuMy02oAebUbIHAzMtNrgHxRDCBwczLTEuMy4zyAf-AQ&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2023] : ''Mukaji International'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+mata+kuna&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=3BAsaIHEJP6rkdUPuLOo-As&gs_ssp=eJzj4tVP1zc0zM5KscjLSjMyYPTiK0pNylfITSxJVMguzUsEAJYwCeM&oq=rebo+ma&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgdyZWJvIG1hKgIIADIFEC4YgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB5IsD5QjQhYqy9wAHgAkAEAmAHMA6ABpxiqAQcyLTIuNi4xuAEByAEA-AEBmAIFoAKQEMICCxAAGLADGAcYChgewgIJEAAYsAMYBxgewgIHEAAYsAMYHsICCBAAGLADGO8FwgILEAAYgAQYsAMYogTCAhMQLhiABBiwAxhDGMgDGIoF2AEBwgIOEC4YgAQYsAMYyAPYAQHCAgoQLhiABBhDGIoFwgILEC4YgAQYsQMYgwGYAwCIBgGQBgy6BgQIARgIkgcFMy0zLjKgB7dIsgcFMy0zLjK4B5AQwgcFNC0xLjTIB_MB&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2023] : ''Mata kuna yo ft JULES YSOK'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+loketo&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=nRAsaN3MHveokdUPuPiKyAs&oq=rebo+loketo&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIgtyZWJvIGxva2V0bzIFEC4YgAQyBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yBRAhGKABSKs1UOoKWPUmcAF4AZABAJgBkwOgAcsgqgEHMi02LjYuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCCaACtxbCAgoQABiwAxjWBBhHwgITEC4YgAQYsAMYQxjIAxiKBdgBAcICChApGIAEGEMYigXCAgUQABiABMICBxAuGIAEGArCAgIQKcICBRApGIAEwgILEC4YgAQYsQMYgwHCAggQABgWGAoYHpgDAIgGAZAGCboGBAgBGAiSBwcxLjMtNy4xoAeJZrIHBTMtNy4xuAfaFcIHBTQtNC41yAf0Ag&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2023] : ''Mputu Meya - LOKETO Remix feat.'' ''Rebo Tchulo x Innoss'B'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+choquer&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&biw=424&bih=720&ei=Pw8saM_CKJObkdUP7JmDkAc&oq=rebo+choquer&gs_lp=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&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2024] : ''Choquer'' * [https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=%2Fg%2F11y9_443r0&hl=fr-CD&q=Mobambo&shndl=17&source=sh%2Fx%2Fkp%2Fosrp%2Fm5%2F2&kgs=b102d7f28967080a 2024] : ''Mobambo'' * [https://www.google.com/search?q=rebo+antidote&client=ms-android-sharp&sca_esv=19553afe85667678&ei=Gw4saIWIB-irkdUP1-KBgAU&oq=rebo+antidote&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIg1yZWJvIGFudGlkb3RlMgUQLhiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAhGKABMgUQIRigATIFECEYoAFIjh5QsgtYiBRwAXgBkAEAmAGwBaABpQ-qAQczLTEuMi4xuAEDyAEA-AEBmAIDoAKXCsICChAAGLADGNYEGEeYAwCIBgGQBgKSBwcxLjQtMS4xoAfzFbIHBTQtMS4xuAf8CcIHBzMtMS4wLjLIB4sB&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ebo=0 2025] : ''Antidote'' == Tuzo == * 2021 : Msanii bora wa kike kutoka [[Afrika ya Kati]] katika Tuzo ya Afrima <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Actualité {{!}} Afrima Awards 2021 : nommée pour la première fois, Rebo Tshulo part favorite ! {{!}} mediacongo.net|url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-93776_afrima_awards_2021_nominee_pour_la_premiere_fois_rebo_tshulo_part_favorite.html|accessdate=2023-06-30}}</ref> * 2023 : YouTube Silver Plaque kwa kuwa na wanachama 104,000 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=FR|first=ouragan cd|last=ouragan|title=Rebo Tchulo récompensée par YouTube pour ses 100 000 abonnés|url=https://ouragan.cd/2023/06/rebo-tchulo-recompensee-par-youtube-pour-ses-100-000-abonnes/|accessdate=2023-12-24}}</ref> . == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1997|}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] cteyomfwtcwzx75ycu8t94h2ac607g6 0 208220 1615587 1606937 2026-11-08T07:23:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615587 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Théodora''' (jina kamili: '''Lili Théodora Mbangayo Mujinga''', anajulikana pia kwa jina la utani ''Boss Lady'', <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=« BAD BOY LOVESTORY » de Théodora : la « boss lady » dont on avait besoin|url=https://www.letelegramme.fr/culture-loisirs/bad-boy-lovestory-de-theodora-la-boss-lady-dont-on-avait-besoin-6800042.php|date=2025-04-16|accessdate=2025-05-04}}</ref>,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Juliette Le|last=Grand|title=Ludivine Sagnier & Theodora : la rencontre de deux boss ladies dans Clique|url=https://www.clique.tv/ludivine-sagnier-theodora-la-rencontre-de-deux-boss-ladies-dans-clique/|date=2024-11-28|accessdate=2025-05-04}}</ref>, alizaliwa [[Luzern]], [[Uswisi]], 23 Oktoba 2003) ni mwimbaji na rapa mwenye uraia wa [[Ufaransa]] na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alijulikana mwaka wa 2024 na wimbo ''wa Kikongole chini ya BBL'' ambao ni wimbo wa kwanza wa bouyon kuthibitishwa kuwa wimbo wa dhahabu nchini Ufaransa, na vile vile wa kwanza wa msanii asiye wa Karibea . == Wasifu == === Vijana na elimu === Theodora alizaliwa Uswizi <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Qui est la chanteuse derrière la musique « Kongolese sous BBL » ?|url=https://www.20minutes.fr/arts-stars/people/4130257-20241225-theodora-artiste-derriere-musique-virale-tiktok-kongolese-sous-bbl|date=2024-12-25|accessdate=2024-12-31}}</ref>;<ref name="Theodora : rencontre avec l'interprète de Kongolese sous BBL">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|author=Jimmy Boursicot|title=BBL, politique, hyperféminité... Qui est Theodora, tête d'affiche des prochaines Nuits Carrées?|url=https://www.nicematin.com/concerts/bbl-politique-hyperfeminite-qui-est-theodora-tete-d-affiche-des-prochaines-nuits-carrees-966984|date=2025-01-17|accessdate=2025-01-24}}</ref>, katika familia ya wahamiaji wa Kongo ambao wazazi wao walikuwa wapinzani wa kisiasa waliolazimishwa kuondoka nchini mwao. Alihama mara kadhaa, kati ya [[Ugiriki]], [[Kongo ya Kibelgiji|Kongo]], [[Réunion|Kisiwa cha Reunion]], kisha kwenda [[Bordeaux]] na [[Rennes]] <ref name=":1" /> . Baba yake alihitimu [[Tabibu|udaktari]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 43 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Théodora : "Depuis que j'ai découvert 'Umbrella', j'ai été éperdument amoureuse de Rihanna"|url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/l-interview-de-9h20/l-itw-de-9h20-du-lundi-02-juin-2025-3878026|date=2025-06-02|accessdate=2025-06-05}}</ref> . Hatimaye ilikaa katika mji mkuu wa Ufaransa, ikipitia [[Seine-et-Marne]], Groslay, Saint-Jean-d'Angély, [[Rennes]], kabla ya kufika [[Seine-Saint-Denis]] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Theodora - Universal Music France|url=https://universalmusic.fr/artistes/35935382777|accessdate=2024-12-05}}</ref>, <ref name="Theodora, jeune rappeuse : Je suis un produit même de la mixité">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Theodora, jeune rappeuse : "Je suis un produit même de la mixité"|url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/nouvelles-tetes/nouvelles-tetes-du-jeudi-04-juillet-2024-9336225|date=2024-07-04|accessdate=2024-12-05}}</ref> ,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=La rappeuse Theodora sort Bad Boy Lovestory, sa 1ère mixtape long format|url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/dans-la-playlist-de-france-inter/dans-la-playlist-du-mardi-12-novembre-2024-7067612|date=2024-11-12|accessdate=2024-12-05}}</ref>,<ref name="Theodora, Djé Balèti, Adé, Vapa... la playlist du cahier musique de «Libération»">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|first=Brice|last=Bossavie|title=Theodora, Djé Balèti, Adé, Vapa... la playlist du cahier musique de «Libération»|url=https://www.liberation.fr/culture/musique/theodora-dje-baleti-ade-vapa-la-playlist-du-cahier-musique-de-liberation-20241116_5GD3RUNJ7FCDLP5RXCADD72CYA/|accessdate=2024-12-05}}</ref> . Hapo awali alivutiwa na [[siasa]], aliingia darasa la maandalizi la ENS D1, na kuwa mshiriki wa baraza la vijana la mkoa wa Brittany, ambalo alikua " Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Utamaduni » <ref name="Theodora : rencontre avec l'interprète de Kongolese sous BBL"/> . === Mwanzo === Ingawa alichukua hatua zake za kwanza katika tasnia kupitia [[dansi]] <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Les meilleures punchlines de Théodora sur Bad Boy LoveStory|url=https://www.rapcity.fr/les-meilleures-punchlines-de-theodora-sur-bad-boy-lovestory/|date=2024-11-07|accessdate=2024-12-05}}</ref>, tungo zake za kwanza ziliibuka kutokana na ushirikiano wake na kaka yake Jeez Suave, alipoanza muundo wa midundo na kumtaka aimbe <ref name="Adé et Théodora">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Adé et Théodora|url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/cote-club/cote-club-du-jeudi-28-novembre-2024-8755347|date=2024-11-28|accessdate=2024-12-05}}</ref> . Mnamo 2023, mwimbaji aliiambia Vogue France kwamba ni kupitia baba yake kwamba alikuja kwenye muziki.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Lolita|last=Mang|title=Qui est Theodora, la chanteuse qui bouscule les codes de la pop française ?|url=https://www.vogue.fr/article/qui-est-theodora-chanteuse-musique-kongolese-sous-bbl|date=2025-01-27|accessdate=2025-05-15}}</ref> . === Kazi === Muziki wake, pamoja na mtindo wake wa eclectic <ref name="Theodora, Djé Balèti, Adé, Vapa... la playlist du cahier musique de «Libération»"/>, unalishwa na athari nyingi za kitamaduni na za muziki zilizokutana kupitia mazingira yake ya familia ya kusafiri <ref name="Theodora, jeune rappeuse : Je suis un produit même de la mixité"/>, <ref name="Adé et Théodora"/> . Urembo wake unaonyeshwa na hyperfemininity isiyozuiliwa na ya uthubutu. Chini ya mwonekano usiojali, maandishi yake, yenye marejeleo mengi ya utamaduni wa pop, yanashughulikia mada za kijamii, kama vile utambulisho wa mwanamke mweusi, pamoja na mada za kibinafsi zaidi kama vile afya ya akili, unyanyasaji wa kijinsia au majaribio ya kujiua <ref name="Adé et Théodora" />,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Anouk Ait Ouadda|title=Mais qui est Théodora, l'artiste derrière le son viral "Kongolese sous BBL" ?|url=https://www.nova.fr/news/mais-qui-est-theodora-lartiste-derriere-le-son-viral-kongolese-sous-bbl-276814-27-11-2024/|date=2024-11-27|accessdate=2024-12-07}}</ref> . Mnamo 2024, alipata mafanikio makubwa na jina la ''Kongolese chini ya BBL'', katika mtindo wa Antillean bouyon, ambao ulienea sana, hasa kwenye [[TikTok]], na kuingia katika cheo cha SNEP <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Johanna Bouquet|title=Théodora : "Kongolese sous BBL peut être l'hymne de Tanaland"|url=https://www.rtbf.be/article/theodora-kongolese-sous-bbl-peut-etre-l-hymne-de-tanaland-11462317|date=2024-11-14|accessdate=2024-12-05}}.</ref>, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THEODORA - DECADANSE - Nantes, 44000 - Sortir à Nantes|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/etudiant/sortir/nantes/eve-theodora-decadanse-nantes/|accessdate=2024-12-05}}.</ref> . Kaka yake mkubwa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THEODORA + JEUNE LION - L'ECHONOVA - St Ave, 56890 - Sortir à St Ave|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/etudiant/sortir/rennes/eve-theodora-jeune-lion-l-echonova/|accessdate=2025-01-10|archive-date=2025-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250110161254/https://www.leparisien.fr/etudiant/sortir/rennes/eve-theodora-jeune-lion-l-echonova/|url-status=dead}}.</ref>, anayejulikana kwa jina la bandia Jeez Suave, anatunga nyimbo zake kadhaa zikiwemo ''za Kikongole chini ya BBL'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THEODORA - Quartiers d'été|url=https://www.le4bis-ij.com/qe2023/theodora/|date=2023-06-15|accessdate=2025-01-10}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Qui est Theodora, musicienne franco-congolaise et superstar de demain ?|url=https://www.lesinrocks.com/musique/theodora-taillee-pour-le-succes-grace-a-sa-musique-a-la-modernite-creolisee-648312-08-01-2025/|accessdate=2025-01-10}}.</ref> . Yeye ndiye [[mtunzi]] wake, mtayarishaji na meneja. Alishiriki katika sherehe ya Flames mnamo Mei 14, 2025, ambapo alipokea Flame for Female Revelation of the Year, kombe ambalo alijitolea kwa "wasichana wote weusi wa ajabu" <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Theodora "boss lady" des Flammes, un président flou, nouvelle tentative de crypto-enlèvement : ça dit quoi ce 14 mai ?|url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinfo/podcasts/ca-dit-quoi/theodora-boss-lady-des-flammes-un-president-flou-nouvelle-tentative-de-crypto-enlevement-ca-dit-quoi-ce-14-mai-5355835|date=2025-05-14|accessdate=2025-06-20}}</ref> . Mnamo {{Date|juin 2025}}, iliuzwa kwa chini ya kwa tarehe tatu zilizopangwa Machi na {{Date|avril 2026}} katika Zénith huko Paris, yaani kwa tarehe, kwa jumla ya <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Après avoir sold-out deux dates au Zénith de Paris, Théodora annonce une troisième date !|url=https://generations.fr/news/musique/79924/apres-avoir-sold-out-deux-dates-au-zenith-de-paris-theodora-annonce-une-troisieme-date|date=2025-06-12|accessdate=2025-06-12}}.</ref>,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|first=Lisa|last=Muratore|title=Theodora annonce trois concerts à Paris|url=https://leclaireur.fnac.com/article/602458-theodora-en-concert-a-paris-ou-et-quand-trouver-des-billets/|date=2025-06-12|accessdate=2025-06-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612145620/https://leclaireur.fnac.com/article/602458-theodora-en-concert-a-paris-ou-et-quand-trouver-des-billets/|archivedate=2025-06-12|url-status=dead}}.</ref>. == Diskografia == === EP === * 2021 : ''Neptune'' * 2023 : ''Lili aux Paradis Artificiels'' * 2023 :''Lili aux Paradis Artificiels : Juzuu 2'' ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|2003|}} [[Jamii:waimbaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:waimbaji wa Ufaransa]] a1rjrzkpxfof2ctbn4t12esugbvkr8l 0 208440 1615665 1603218 2026-11-08T10:51:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615665 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vanessa Umba''' ni [[rubani]] mtaalamu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa pili kuwa rubani wa ndege za abiria, kabla ya kuandika historia kama nahodha wa kwanza wa kike katika kampuni ya ndege ya Gulf Air. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Vanessa Umba, la pilote congolaise que s’arrachent les compagnies asiatiques|url=hhttps://www.africatopsuccess.com/vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-que-sarrachent-les-compagnies-asiatiques/|accessdate=18 Mars 2022}}.</ref> . == Wasifu == Vanessa Umba ni mwanamke wa Kongo ambaye anafanya vyema katika nyanja ya urubani, hata hivyo hadi alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 16, alikuwa bado hajajua ni kazi gani angeifuata katika siku zijazo <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Qatar : Vanessa Umba, la pilote congolaise qui excelle au Moyen-Orient|url=https://africanshapers.com/qatar-vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-qui-excelle-au-moyen-orient/|accessdate=19 Mars 2022}}.</ref> . === Ajira === Alianza kazi yake ya urubani huko Brussels, katika Chuo cha Ndege cha Sabena (sasa Kituo cha Mafunzo cha CAE), shirika la ndege la Ubelgiji mwaka wa 1999. Mnamo 2003, alikua rubani mwenza wa ndege ya kibiashara ya BAe 146 na Brussels Airlines. Alijiunga na Gulf Air mwaka wa 2006 ambapo alipanda hadi kuwa nahodha wa kwanza wa kike kuendesha ndege za masafa marefu (Airbus A330/A340) mwaka wa 2011 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Vanessa Umba, la pilote congolaise qui a conquis les compagnies de l’Arabie !|url=https://www.culturebene.com/56140-vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-qui-a-conquis-les-compagnies-de-larabie.html|accessdate=25 Mars 2022|archive-date=2025-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517033253/https://www.culturebene.com/56140-vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-qui-a-conquis-les-compagnies-de-larabie.html|url-status=dead}}.</ref> . Mnamo 2017, akiwa na umri wa miaka 39, Vanessa Umba alijiunga na shirika la ndege [[Qatar Airways|la Qatar Airways]] kama rubani wa ndege kabla ya kuwa mwalimu katika 2018 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Vanessa Umba, une pilote congolaise au service de Qatar Airways|url=http://www.latempete.info/?p=41162|accessdate=25 Mars 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211030128/http://www.latempete.info/?p=41162|archivedate=2024-12-11|url-status=dead}}.</ref> . == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1980|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] j2yjy4owwxsrsbzd91r6j9nfya3jcjx 4 208508 1615217 1614539 2026-11-07T12:44:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1615217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-07) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 8 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 8 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-07)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 392 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 504 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2445 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 527 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 333 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 8.04 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 355 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 223 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 231 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 208 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34960 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17325 || ↓ -28.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 200.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 99.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2445 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 527 || ↓ -19.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 504 || ↓ -31.6% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 392 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 5 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 355 || ↓ -38.5% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -17.1% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 302 || ↓ -23.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 298 || ↓ -31.2% |- | 9 || [[Urusi]] || 256 || ↓ -35.5% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 250 || ↓ -24.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.8% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.7% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 167 || 13.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} he6n2wgwiepwh97ow3anjida1nrc1i3 1615220 1615217 2026-11-07T12:46:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1615220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-07) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 8 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 8 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-07)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 392 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 504 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2445 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 527 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 333 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 8.04 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 355 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 223 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 231 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 208 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34967 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17325 || ↓ -28.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 99.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2445 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 527 || ↓ -19.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 504 || ↓ -31.6% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 392 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 5 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 355 || ↓ -38.5% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -17.1% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 302 || ↓ -23.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 298 || ↓ -31.2% |- | 9 || [[Urusi]] || 256 || ↓ -35.5% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 250 || ↓ -24.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.6% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 174 || 13.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} ggfygpq42nz98r7do0avv3xyqkknm4q 1615433 1615220 2026-11-07T21:39:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1615433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-07) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-07)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 392 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 504 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2445 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 527 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 333 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.96 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 355 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 223 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 231 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 208 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34967 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17325 || ↓ -28.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 99.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2445 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 527 || ↓ -19.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 504 || ↓ -31.6% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 392 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 5 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 355 || ↓ -38.5% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -17.1% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 302 || ↓ -23.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 298 || ↓ -31.2% |- | 9 || [[Urusi]] || 256 || ↓ -35.5% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 250 || ↓ -24.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.6% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 362 || 28.6% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 174 || 13.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 9 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} k3p30lrxis7sc3y5b6c4jhcx8j1weh3 1615434 1615433 2026-11-07T21:40:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1615434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-07) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-07)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 392 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 504 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2445 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 527 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 333 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.96 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 218 |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 302 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 355 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 223 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 240 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 231 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 208 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 49 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34968 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17325 || ↓ -28.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 99.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2445 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 527 || ↓ -19.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 504 || ↓ -31.6% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 392 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 5 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 355 || ↓ -38.5% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -17.1% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 302 || ↓ -23.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 298 || ↓ -31.2% |- | 9 || [[Urusi]] || 256 || ↓ -35.5% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 250 || ↓ -24.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.6% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 363 || 28.7% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 174 || 13.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} ed7sqelezsga20kgyquhop676uy4okm 1615542 1615434 2026-11-08T05:17:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1615542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-08) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-08)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 388 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 487 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2349 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 503 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 331 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.96 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 247 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 295 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 340 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 229 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 12 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34968 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 17325 || ↓ -28.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 99.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2445 || ↓ -17.7% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 527 || ↓ -19.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 504 || ↓ -31.6% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 392 || ↓ -19.0% |- | 5 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 355 || ↓ -38.5% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 325 || ↓ -17.1% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 302 || ↓ -23.0% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 298 || ↓ -31.2% |- | 9 || [[Urusi]] || 256 || ↓ -35.5% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 250 || ↓ -24.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.6% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 363 || 28.7% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 174 || 13.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} i4xpofz6q6ajhdetw7pd98t9uwwj59f 1615544 1615542 2026-11-08T05:33:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1615544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-11-08) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 65 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 70 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 26 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-11-08)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.56 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 388 |- | [[Kenya]] | 9.44 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 487 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 9.17 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2349 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 503 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 331 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.10 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.96 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 205 |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.62 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 247 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.37 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 78 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 6.52 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 241 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 6.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 295 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.96 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Norwei]] | 5.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.53 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 340 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 229 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Zambia]] | 4.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.63 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 68 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.07 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Udeni]] | 4.00 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.85 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.81 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 3.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 10 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Nepal]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 178 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 76 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.84 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Irelandi]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Bhutan]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 41 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Nchi iliyoendelea]] | 2.27 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 22 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 61 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 170 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 43 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 2.02 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 21 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Jiko la ardhini]] | 1.80 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 12 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 174 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34968 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 16815 || ↓ -30.3% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.0 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 96.6 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 2349 || ↓ -21.1% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 503 || ↓ -23.6% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 487 || ↓ -33.3% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 388 || ↓ -19.8% |- | 5 || [[Korea Kusini]] || 340 || ↓ -42.0% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 314 || ↓ -18.2% |- | 7 || [[Uingereza]] || 295 || ↓ -22.2% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 292 || ↓ -30.5% |- | 9 || [[Urusi]] || 247 || ↓ -37.6% |- | 10 || [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] || 241 || ↓ -28.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 489 || 38.6% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 363 || 28.7% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 174 || 13.7% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 96 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:Iepsep43|Iepsep43]] || 12 || 0.9% |- | 6 || [[User:Pristome|Pristome]] || 10 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 8 || [[User:Score Beethoven|Score Beethoven]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.6% |- | 10 || [[User:Àncilu|Àncilu]] || 7 || 0.6% |- |} hwn12j05kf8niubi8bkdy036y76t8ii 0 211382 1615613 1540730 2026-11-08T07:56:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615613 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tomislav Ašković''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 4]], [[1951]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa zamani wa masafa marefu wa [[Yugoslavia]] ambaye alishiriki katika Mashindano ya Riadha ya [[Uropa]] ya mwaka [[1986]] na Michezo ya Mediterania ya mwaka [[1987]] katika [[Mbio za marathon]]. == Kazi ya kukimbia == Mwaka [[1979]], Ašković alishinda "Mbio za Ukombozi wa Ludbreg" huko Ludbreg, na kumaliza mbele ya mshindi wa pili Marjan Krempl ambaye baadaye angekuwa mwanariadha aliyefanikiwa. <ref name="VV">{{cite web|url=http://library.foi.hr/novine/broj1.aspx?v=1&t=1&C=3&godina=1979&broj=000040&stranica=011&u=le%9Ain*mladen|work=Varaždinske vijesti|title=''Tomislav Ašković -pobjednik''|language=Serbo-Croatian|date=November 11, 1979}}</ref> Mnamo [[Julai 8]], [[1980]], alikimbia mbio zake za binafsi katika mbio za mita 5000 kwa dakika 13:47.80, na kumaliza katika nafasi ya sita katika mkutano wa ''Rosicky Memorial'' katika ''Stadion Evžena Rošického''. <ref>[https://more.arrs.run/race/36965] {{Wayback|url=https://more.arrs.run/race/36965 |date=20250120201430 }} Association of Road Racing Statisticians - Race profile: ''Rosicky Memorial''. July 8, 1980.</ref> Ašković alishiriki mashindano ya ''New York City Marathon'' ya mwaka 1986,alimaliza katika nafasi ya 25 kwa muda wa 2:18:27. <ref>[https://results.nyrr.org/event/861102/finishers] ''NYC Marathon 1986''. ''[[New York Road Runners|NYRR]]''. November 2, 1986.</ref> Alimaliza katika nafasi ya 14 katika mbio za marathon za wanaume katika Mashindano ya Riadha ya Uropa ya mwaka 1986 kwa muda wa 2:15:27. Mnamo [[Juni 7]], 1987, alishinda ''Novi Sad Marathon'' kwa saa 2:14:30, ingawa kozi hiyo ilikuwa fupi kulingana na Chama cha Watakwimu wa Mashindano ya Barabarani. <ref>[https://more.arrs.run/race/53684] {{Wayback|url=https://more.arrs.run/race/53684 |date=20250120202428 }} Association of Road Racing Statisticians - Race profile: ''Novi Sad Marathon''. "Unacceptable for records or rankings. Short course." June 7, 1987.</ref> Alimaliza katika nafasi ya tano katika mbio za marathon za wanaume katika Michezo ya Mediterania ya mwaka 1987. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Yugoslavia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] jtomyfi8be5cmdj0djz2dauucg84xr1 0 215345 1615383 1574111 2026-11-07T18:13:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615383 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moustafa Ismail''' (alizaliwa [[1988]]) ni mjenzi wa mwili (''bodybuilder'') kutoka [[Misri]] ambaye aliwahi kushikilia Rekodi ya [[Dunia]] ya Guinness mwaka [[2012]] kwa kuwa na mzingo mkubwa zaidi wa [[mkono]] wa juu duniani. Umaarufu wake uliongezeka kutokana na ukubwa usio wa kawaida wa mikono yake, ambao uliibua mjadala mpana kuhusu uwezekano wa matumizi ya dutu ya Synthol, madai ambayo Ismail ameyakanusha mara kwa mara, ingawa hakuwasilisha ushahidi wa kitabibu kuthibitisha kauli yake. == Rekodi za Dunia za Guinness == Rekodi za Dunia za Guinness ilithibitisha wakati huo kwamba hakukuwa na ushahidi wa kitabibu ulioonyesha matumizi ya Synthol, lakini pia ilibainisha kuwa hakuna vipimo vya kiafya vilivyowahi kufanywa ili kuondoa shaka hizo. Baadaye, shirika hilo lilisitisha kutambua madai ya "mzingo mkubwa zaidi wa mkono" kutokana na changamoto za uthibitishaji na viwango vipya vya uthabiti wa ushahidi. == Mjadala Kuhusu Synthol == Ismail alikabiliwa na tuhuma nyingi kutoka kwa watazamaji na baadhi ya wanamichezo, waliodai kuwa ukubwa wa mikono yake haukuwa wa kawaida kwa misuli ya asili. Ingawa amekana matumizi ya Synthol, hakuwahi kuwasilisha ushahidi wa kiafya unaoweza kuondoa mashaka hayo kikamilifu. Mhariri mkuu wa jarida la ''Muscles and Fitness'' alitoa ofa ya $1,000 kwa ajili ya kumfanyia uchunguzi wa kitabibu ili kubaini ukweli kuhusu madai hayo. Aidha, aliahidi kutoa mchango wa $1,000 kwa taasisi ya hisani atakayochagua Ismail endapo uchunguzi huo ungeonyesha kuwa hakutumia Synthol.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2012-11-25|title=M&F's Challenge to Guinness' Largest Biceps World Record Holder|url=http://www.muscleandfitness.com:80/features/announcements/mfs-challenge-guinness-largest-biceps-world-record-holder|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121125100119/http://www.muscleandfitness.com:80/features/announcements/mfs-challenge-guinness-largest-biceps-world-record-holder|archive-date=2012-11-25|access-date=2025-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/1/guinness-world-records-statement-largest-upper-arm-circumference-46757|title=statement: Largest upper arm circumference|publisher=[[Guinness World Records]]|date=2013-01-01|accessdate=2016-12-08}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=|url=http://www.muscleandfitness.com/athletes-celebrities/largest-biceps-world-record-holder-proves-hes-legit|title=Mo Ismail - Guinness World Record for Largest Biceps|work=Muscleandfitness.com|date=9 November 2012|accessdate=2016-12-08}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2012/11/28/big-mo-moustafa-ismail-worlds-largest-arms-bodybuilding_n_2202731.html|title=Bodybuilder 'Big Mo' Moustafa Ismail Claims World's Largest Biceps Are Real (VIDEO)|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=2012-11-28|accessdate=2016-12-08}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2012-09-19|title=Guinness World Record for 'largest biceps' in doubt|url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/world-record-for-biggest-biceps-in-doubt/41de781e-a547-4708-95e4-fedae8b5cbcf|accessdate=2025-02-23|work=www.9news.com.au|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251207065958/https://www.9news.com.au/world/world-record-for-biggest-biceps-in-doubt/41de781e-a547-4708-95e4-fedae8b5cbcf|archivedate=2025-12-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeleo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] hn6dvg73hmm2pmvupszdq0nyipkzmkm 0 218155 1615584 1472996 2026-11-08T07:06:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Terry Wayne Weeks''' (alizaliwa [[Birmingham, Alabama]], [[23 Desemba]] [[1963]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] wa [[Rhythm na blues|R&B]] na wa soul kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye kwa sasa ni mmoja wa waimbaji wakuu wa kundi maarufu la Motown la The Temptations . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thetemptations.com/ |title=Temptations Official Website |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251120012835/https://thetemptations.com/ |archivedate=2025-11-20 |accessdate=2025-12-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Wiki alitumikia katika [[Jeshi la anga]], ikiwa ni pamoja na kujihusisha na Tops In Blue kwa miaka minane. Alipostaafu katika miaka ya mapema ya [[1990]], Wiki alianza kuimba ndani karibu na msingi wake wa nyumbani huko Alabama. Baada ya kutoa jaribio lisilotarajiwa kwa mwanachama wa Temptations Otis Williams, aliwekwa katika mradi wa upande wa Williams/Motown, ''Kwa Wapenzi Pekee'' . Kufuatia kutolewa pekee kwa kundi hilo, alikuwa mjazo wa Majaribu, akichukua nafasi ya kiongozi wa Majaribu Ali-Ollie Woodson, ambaye alikuwa akipambana na saratani ya koo. Angechukua nafasi ya Woodson kabisa mnamo mwaka [[1997]], akijiunga na safu ya Majaribu ambayo ni pamoja na Williams, Ron Tyson, Theo Peoples na Harry McGilberry mnamo mwaka [[1996]]. Wiki zilizoimbwa waongozaji mwenza kwenye vibao vya siku za mwisho vya kikundi, "Stay" ([[1998]]) na "I'm Here" ([[2000]]). ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{BD|1963|}} [[Jamii:waimbaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] 065nr3drgah1sdicwuc4gkjxusvolhc 1615657 1615584 2026-11-08T10:09:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Terry Wayne Weeks''' (alizaliwa [[Birmingham, Alabama]], [[23 Desemba]] [[1963]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] wa [[Rhythm na blues|R&B]] na wa soul kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye kwa sasa ni mmoja wa waimbaji wakuu wa kundi maarufu la Motown la The Temptations . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.thetemptations.com/ |title=Temptations Official Website |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251120012835/https://thetemptations.com/ |archivedate=2025-11-20 |accessdate=2025-12-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Wiki alitumikia katika [[Jeshi la anga]], ikiwa ni pamoja na kujihusisha na Tops In Blue kwa miaka minane. Alipostaafu katika miaka ya mapema ya [[1990]], Wiki alianza kuimba ndani karibu na msingi wake wa nyumbani huko Alabama. Baada ya kutoa jaribio lisilotarajiwa kwa mwanachama wa Temptations Otis Williams, aliwekwa katika mradi wa upande wa Williams/Motown, ''Kwa Wapenzi Pekee'' . Kufuatia kutolewa pekee kwa kundi hilo, alikuwa mjazo wa Majaribu, akichukua nafasi ya kiongozi wa Majaribu Ali-Ollie Woodson, ambaye alikuwa akipambana na saratani ya koo. Angechukua nafasi ya Woodson kabisa mnamo mwaka [[1997]], akijiunga na safu ya Majaribu ambayo ni pamoja na Williams, Ron Tyson, Theo Peoples na Harry McGilberry mnamo mwaka [[1996]]. Wiki zilizoimbwa waongozaji mwenza kwenye vibao vya siku za mwisho vya kikundi, "Stay" ([[1998]]) na "I'm Here" ([[2000]]). ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{BD|1963|}} [[Jamii:waimbaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] 07v31ri0ui9fgx34yvqnp265k1i97va 0 218979 1615413 1529089 2026-11-07T19:49:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615413 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nada Mezni Hafaiedh''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: ندى المازني حفيظ; alizaliwa [[Saudi Arabia]], [[6 Mei]] [[1984]]) ni mkurugenzi kutoka [[Tunisia]]. ==wasifu== Nada Mezni Hafaiedh ni mkurugenzi wa filamu wa Tunisia alizaliwa [[Saudi Arabia]]. Alikuwa, tangu umri mdogo, akionyeshwa tamaduni tofauti kwa sababu ya wazazi wake wa kidiplomasia. Saudi Arabia, Marekani, [[Ufaransa]] na Kanada zinawakilisha kundi la maendeleo ya mapenzi yake kwa sinema Katika umri wa miaka kumi, hobi yake ilikuwa tayari kudhaniwa. Alikuwa akitengeneza filamu za kizamani na klipu za video kwa kuwaweka marafiki na familia yake kama waigizaji. Alienda [[Montreal]] kumaliza masomo yake ya usimamizi wa biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[McGill]], lakini hivi karibuni alibadilisha mtaala wake kufuata shauku yake ya utengenezaji wa filamu. Alihitimu kutoka Shule ya Sinema ya Mel Hoppenheim, aliongoza filamu kadhaa fupi, ambazo zitathaminiwa haraka na jamii ya [[Kanada]]. Anajulikana kwa kubomoa mwiko, na kugusia maswala ya kimsingi ambayo yanahusiana na uhuru. Anajulikana pia kwa kuongoza filamu zake kwa aina ya uhalisia kwa kuzipiga kwa njia ya hiari. Aliporejea katika nchi yake ya asili, Tunisia mwaka wa 2009, alifungua kampuni yake ya uzalishaji ya [[Leyth Production]] ambapo aliamua kutambua filamu yake ya kwanza. Ni nini kinachovutia zaidi kuliko kutengeneza ramani ya jamii ya Tunisia Histoires Tunisiennes [[2011]] (Hadithi za Watunisia), hiyo imekuwa filamu ya kwanza kutolewa baada ya mapinduzi. Filamu hiyo ilifanya sherehe kadhaa na kupokea tuzo. Waziri mkuu wake wa kimataifa alikuwa kwenye Tamasha la Filamu la Luxor African. Pia aliandika na kuelekeza toleo la mfululizo la filamu ya Histoires Tunisiennes (Hkayet Tunisia) kwa ajili ya chaneli ya kibinafsi ya Tunisia ya El Hiwar El Tounsi mwaka wa 2015. Mnamo mwaka wa 2017, alitoa filamu ya Upon the Shadow (Au-delà de l'ombre) inayoonyesha jinsi ugumu wa kukua au kulinda jamii ya taboc ni ngumu sana katika kukuza au kulinda uhuru wako wa ngono. kudharauliwa.<ref>{{cite web|author=Joseph Proimakis |url=http://www.cineuropa.org/nw.aspx?t=newsdetail&l=en&did=324113/ |title=Thessaloniki Documentary Festival reveals its line-up |publisher=Cineuropa |date=2017-02-24 |accessdate=2017-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lepoint.fr/culture/upon-the-shadow-veut-changer-le-regard-sur-l-homosexualite-en-tunisie-11-03-2017-2111101_3.php/ |title="Upon the shadow" veut changer le regard sur l'homosexualité en Tunisie - le Point |accessdate=2017-04-07 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408171437/http://www.lepoint.fr/culture/upon-the-shadow-veut-changer-le-regard-sur-l-homosexualite-en-tunisie-11-03-2017-2111101_3.php |archivedate=2017-04-08 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://radiomedtunisie.com/interview-avec-nada-mezni-hafaiedh-la-realisatrice-de-hkeyet-tounseya/ |title=Interview avec Nada Mezni Hafaiedh la réalisatrice de "Hkeyet Tounseya" - Radio Med |publisher=Radiomedtunisie.com |date=2015-07-15 |accessdate=2017-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082637/http://radiomedtunisie.com/interview-avec-nada-mezni-hafaiedh-la-realisatrice-de-hkeyet-tounseya/ |archive-date=2017-04-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://rwanda.spla.pro/en/file.person.nada-mezni-hafaiedh.29951.html/ |title=Isaano Rwanda Culture &#124; Nada Mezni Hafaiedh |accessdate=2017-04-07 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408171237/http://rwanda.spla.pro/en/file.person.nada-mezni-hafaiedh.29951.html |archivedate=2017-04-08 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Fitouri |first=Samia |url=http://www.tunisia-live.net/2011/12/01/premiere-of-tunisian-film-tunisian-stories-in-la-marsa-tunis/ |title=Premiere of Tunisian Film "Tunisian Stories" in La Marsa, Tunis |publisher=Tunisia Live |date=2011-12-01 |accessdate=2017-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408081609/http://www.tunisia-live.net/2011/12/01/premiere-of-tunisian-film-tunisian-stories-in-la-marsa-tunis/ |archive-date=2017-04-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.leparisien.fr/flash-actualite-culture/upon-the-shadow-veut-changer-le-regard-sur-l-homosexualite-en-tunisie-11-03-2017-6753660.php/ |title=Flash actualité - Culture |publisher=leParisien.fr |date=2017-03-30 |accessdate=2017-04-09 |archive-date=2017-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409021012/http://www.leparisien.fr/flash-actualite-culture/upon-the-shadow-veut-changer-le-regard-sur-l-homosexualite-en-tunisie-11-03-2017-6753660.php/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author1=Ibtissem Zakia Ben Abdallah|title=" Histoires tunisiennes ", le nouveau feuilleton pour Ramadan|url=http://highlights.com.tn/histoires-tunisiennes-le-nouveau-feuilleton-pour-ramadan/|publisher=highlights.com.tn|accessdate=2017-04-09|date=2015-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828035956/http://highlights.com.tn/histoires-tunisiennes-le-nouveau-feuilleton-pour-ramadan/|archive-date=2018-08-28|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinematunisien.com/index.php?option=com_jmovies&Itemid=42&task=detail&id=349/ |title=cinéma tunisien - la référence cinéma en tunisie - Film entrée: HISTOIRES TUNISIENNES &#124; Long métrage |publisher=Cinematunisien.com |accessdate=2017-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.africine.org/?menu=film&no=13611 |title=Africiné |publisher=Africine.org |accessdate=2017-04-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082957/http://www.africine.org/?menu=film&no=13611 |archivedate=2017-04-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.france24.com/fr/20170311-upon-the-shadow-veut-changer-le-regard-lhomosexualite-tunisie/ |title=Depeche - "Upon the shadow" veut changer le regard sur l'homosexualité en Tunisie |publisher=France 24 |date=2017-03-11 |accessdate=2017-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082143/http://www.france24.com/fr/20170311-upon-the-shadow-veut-changer-le-regard-lhomosexualite-tunisie/ |archive-date=2017-04-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo [[2023]], filamu ya Take my Breath, aliyoiongoza, inazungumzia mada ya jinsia tofauti nchini Tunisia. Mkurugenzi huyo alishirikiana na Emna Arfaoui, mtu wa jinsia tofauti ambaye alifanyiwa upasuaji usiotakikana akiwa na umri wa miaka sita.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=En Tunisie, le « troisième sexe », un genre invisible |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1531610/culture/en-tunisie-le-sexe-invisible/ |website=jeune afrique}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hafaiedh, Nada Mezni}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o5f5ufadze093eq9g4f0rca7a756s8y 0 221378 1615548 1535190 2026-11-08T05:46:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615548 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stacy Ndiwa of Kenya at the 2018 African Athletics Championships.jpg|thumb|250px|Stacey Chepkemboi Ndiwa]] '''Stacey Chepkemboi Ndiwa''' (alizaliwa [[6 Desemba]] [[1992]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa kike kutoka nchini [[Kenya]] anayeshiriki mbio za masafa marefu katika taaluma mbalimbali, zikiwemo mbio za kuvuka nchi (cross country), uwanjani (track), na barabarani (road running).<ref>Guillon, Quentin (2017-12-31). [https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/wanders-and-ndiwa-win-houilles-10km Wanders and Ndiwa triumph at Houilles 10km]. IAAF. Retrieved 2018-02-09.</ref> Alitwaa medali ya dhahabu katika mbio za mita 1500 kwenye Michezo ya Vijana ya Jumuiya ya Madola (Commonwealth Youth Games) mwaka [[2008]]. Aidha, alikuwa mshindi wa medali ya fedha ya timu katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya Cross Country yaliyoandaliwa na IAAF mwaka 2015, ambapo binafsi alimaliza nafasi ya tano. Pia, alishinda medali ya shaba katika mbio za mita 1500 kwenye Mashindano ya Riadha ya Vijana ya Afrika mwaka [[2011]].<ref>Mutuota, Mutwiri (2015-01-24). [https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/geoffrey-kamworor-kenya-xc-wrap Kamworor wins third consecutive Police cross-country title ]. IAAF. Retrieved 2018-02-09.</ref><ref>Keino, Ann (2012-12-03). [http://www.sportsnewsarena.com/kipketer-and-ndiwa-dominate-eldoret-cross-country Kipketer and Ndiwa dominate Eldoret cross country]. Sports News Arena. Retrieved on 2013-02-14.</ref> Ndiwa alishiriki kwa niaba ya timu ya Kenya Police, na alishinda ubingwa wa timu katika mbio za mita 5000 mwaka [[2013]] pamoja na ubingwa wa mbio za nyika mwaka 2015.<ref>Mutuota, Mutwiri (2015-01-24). [https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/geoffrey-kamworor-kenya-xc-wrap Kamworor wins third consecutive Police cross-country title]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 2018-02-09.</ref> Alishinda Tuskys Wareng Cross Country mwaka [[2012]].<ref>Keino, Ann (2012-12-03). [http://www.sportsnewsarena.com/kipketer-and-ndiwa-dominate-eldoret-cross-country Kipketer and Ndiwa dominate Eldoret cross country]. Sports News Arena. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-02-14.</ref> Alifanya mwanzo wake katika mashindano ya IAAF Diamond League mwaka [[2014]] kwenye mkutano wa Athletissima. Ingawa alimaliza wa saba katika mashindano hayo, alipata mafanikio katika mikutano ya kiwango cha chini, akishinda Meeting Città di Padova, Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern na Meeting de Atletismo Madrid. Katika mbio za barabarani, alishinda Giro Podistico di Pettinengo na São Silvestre de Luanda.<ref name="ARRS">[https://more.arrs.run/runner/37616 Stacy Ndiwa] {{Wayback|url=https://more.arrs.run/runner/37616 |date=20260113214812 }}. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Iliwekwa mnamo 2018-02-09.</ref> Nafasi ya sita katika Kenyan Cross Country Championships mwaka [[2015]] ilimpatia nafasi yake ya kwanza kuchaguliwa kuiwakilisha Kenya katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya wakubwa. Baada ya mapumziko ya miaka miwili bila mashindano, alirejea mwaka [[2017]] akilenga zaidi mbio za barabarani, akimaliza wa pili katika Azkoitia-Azpeitia Half Marathon na Zwolle Half Marathon. Aliweka rekodi yake binafsi bora ya saa 1:09:09 katika mbio za nusu marathon kwenye Ústí nad Labem Half Marathon, ambapo alimaliza wa nne.<ref name=ARRS/> Alifunga mwaka kwa ushindi katika Houilles 10K.<ref>Guillon, Quentin (2017-12-31). [https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/wanders-and-ndiwa-win-houilles-10km Wanders and Ndiwa triumph at Houilles 10km]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 2018-02-09.</ref> == Rekodi binafsi == * Mita 1500 – dakika 4:06.10 (2014) * Mita 3000 – dakika 8:30.54 (2014) * Mita 5000 – dakika 15:15.14 (2014) * 10K run – dakika 31:27 (2017) * Half marathon – saa 1:09:09 (2017) == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanariadha-kenya}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] gm3oy06bppixqhho4h26tpl515xc4hp 0 221426 1615662 1531672 2026-11-08T10:43:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615662 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:2016 Boston Marathon lead women at mile 19.jpg|thumb|Valentine Kipketer (kulia) akiwa mile 19 wakati mbio za Marathon za 2016 Boston ]] '''Valentine Jepkorir Kipketer''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[5 Januari]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa mbio ndefu kutoka [[Kenya]] anayejikita zaidi katika mbio za nusu marathoni na [[Mbio ya Marathoni|marathoni]]. Ameshinda mashindano ya marathoni katika miji ya [[Mumbai]] na [[Amsterdam]], na aliwakilisha nchi yake katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya Riadha mwaka 2013. Rekodi zake binafsi bora ni saa 2:23:02 katika marathon na saa 1:08:21 katika nusu marathon.<ref>Hendrix, Ivo (2008-02-18). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/dejaeghere-the-dominant-winner-at-diekirch-eu Dejaeghere the dominant winner at Diekirch Eurocross]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-24.</ref><ref>Okoth, Omulo (2009-02-14). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/new-faces-emerge-in-rift-valley-as-soldiers-m New faces emerge in Rift Valley as soldiers make good in Nairobi - Kenyan Provincial Championships round-up]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-24.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/kisorio-wins-in-eldoret-and-has-hopes-for-amm Kisorio wins in Eldoret and has hopes for Amman XC]. IAAF (2009-01-25). Retrieved on 2013-10-24.</ref> Kipketer alianza kujitokeza kupitia mashindano ya mbio za nyika (cross country). Baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tano katika mashindano ya Eurocross mwaka 2008 akiwa na umri wa miaka 15, mwaka 2009 alishika nafasi ya tatu katika Mashindano ya Discovery Cross Country yaliyofanyika Eldoret na kuwa bingwa wa vijana wa Kanda ya North Rift Valley. Kazi yake ya kimataifa ilianza mwaka 2010 nchini Uholanzi, ambapo aliweka rekodi bora ya mita 5,000 ya dakika 16:22.83 katika mashindano ya FBK Games, akamaliza nafasi ya tatu katika mbio za 4 Mijl van Groningen, na kuingia katika kumi bora katika mbio za Zevenheuvelenloop.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/road-running/half-marathon/outdoor/women/senior/2011 2011 Women's Half Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-24.</ref> Mafanikio yake makubwa yalikuja mwaka uliofuata baada ya kuhamia katika mbio za barabarani. Alishinda mbio maarufu za Berlin Half Marathon kwa muda wa dakika 70:12.<ref>Wenig, Jörg (2011-04-03). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/teenagers-triumph-at-berlin-half-marathon Teenagers triumph at Berlin Half Marathon]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-10-24.</ref> Baada ya kumaliza wa pili katika Zwolle Half Marathon, alipata ushindi mwingine mkubwa katika Lille Half Marathon, ambapo alishinda kwa muda wa dakika 68:21 (uliomuweka katika nafasi ya kumi na moja duniani mwaka huo).<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/road-running/half-marathon/outdoor/women/senior/2011 2011 Women's Half Marathon]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-10-24.</ref> Alivunja tena dakika 70 katika New Delhi Half Marathon, ingawa alimaliza wa saba kutokana na ushindani mkubwa.<ref>Krishnan, Ram. Murali (2011-11-27). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/in-close-races-desisa-and-kabuu-prevail-in-ne In close races, Desisa and Kabuu prevail in New Delhi Half]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-10-24.</ref> Alianza mwaka 2012 kwa ushindi katika Lotto Cross Cup de Hannut.<ref>Michiels, Paul et al. (2012-01-23). [https://arrs.run/HP_HannutXC.htm Hannut Cross] {{Wayback|url=https://arrs.run/HP_HannutXC.htm |date=20260217182808 }}. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Iliwekwa mnamo 2012-01-23.</ref> Shindano lake lingine pekee mwaka huo lilikuwa ni mara yake ya kwanza kukimbia [[marathon]], ambapo aliongoza hadi nusu ya mbio lakini alipungua kasi katika nusu ya pili na kumaliza katika nafasi ya tano kwa muda wa saa 2:28:02.<ref>Butcher, Pat (2012-04-29). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/dawit-again-sub-206-as-course-records-tumble Dawit again sub-2:06 as course records tumble in Hamburg]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-10-24.</ref> Kipketer alishinda mbio yake ya kwanza ya marathon mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2013, akitwaa taji katika Mumbai Marathon kwa rekodi yake binafsi ya saa 2:24:33. Ingawa alimaliza wa nne katika Berlin Half Marathon, alichaguliwa kushiriki 2013 World Championships in Athletics. Hata hivyo, hakufanikiwa katika mashindano yake ya kwanza ya kimataifa, akijitoa katika mbio za marathon za 2013 World Championships in Athletics – Women's marathon. Ushindi wake ulirejea katika Amsterdam Marathon ambapo alishinda kwa muda mpya bora wa saa 2:23:02, ingawa alionyesha kutoridhishwa kwa kutokufikia muda alioutarajia.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/chebet-breaks-amsterdam-course-record-with-th Chebet breaks Amsterdam course record with third victory in a row]. IAAF (2013-10-20). Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-10-24.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanariadha-kenya}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Error, Fix, and Contribute Campaign 2025-26 in Tanzania]] t52zpvrcoqyvm80rb0ypfiklzsgq6tk 0 221469 1615524 1534891 2026-11-08T03:45:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615524 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:Sarah Chepchirchir - Paris Half Marathon - 5245.jpg|thumb|Sarah Chepchirchir]] '''Sarah Chepchirchir''' (alizaliwa [[27 Julai]] [[1984]] katika Kaunti ya Nandi) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa [[Kenya]] anayekimbia mbio za masafa marefu, akishiriki katika mashindano ya mbio za barabarani kuanzia mbio za [[kilomita]] 10 hadi nusu marathoni.<ref name="Tilas">[http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=64925&Season=2009&Odd=0 Sarah Chepchirchir]. Tilastopaja. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> Chepchirchir amepata kuzuia kushiriki mara mbili katika taaluma yake kutokana na ukiukaji wa sheria za madawa ya kuboresha utendaji (doping). Kuzuia kwake kwa mara ya kwanza ilikuwa miaka 4 kuanzia [[2019]] hadi [[2023]], na kuzuia kwa mara ya pili ni miaka 8 kuanzia 2023 hadi 2031.<ref>Vazel, Pierre-Jean (2010-06-28). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/a-bekele-and-wangary-take-langueux-10km-title A. Bekele and Wangary take Langueux 10Km titles]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-15.</ref> ==Kazi== Alianza taaluma yake ya kitaaluma kwa kushiriki mashindano ya mbio nchini Ufaransa. Mwaka 2008, alipata nafasi tatu za juu katika mbio za nusu marathon za Saint-Pol, Auray-Vannes na Le Lion. Alijitokeza zaidi mwaka [[2009]] kwa kushinda mbio za Maroilles 20K na Auray-Vannes Half Marathon. Pia alimaliza wa pili katika Course Paris-Versailles, wa tatu katika kilomita ishirini, kisha akaweka rekodi yake binafsi ya dakika 71:54 katika nusu marathon ya Reims a Toutes Jambes, jambo lililothibitisha nafasi yake miongoni mwa wanariadha bora wa mbio za barabarani nchini humo.<ref >[http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=64925&Season=2009&Odd=0 Sarah Chepchirchir]. Tilastopaja. Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Oktoba 2013.</ref> Katika msimu wa 2010 alikuwa miongoni mwa watatu bora katika Corrida de Langueux, Maroilles 20K na Lille Half Marathon – ambapo katika mashindano ya mwisho aliweka muda wake bora binafsi wa dakika 69:27.<ref>Vazel, Pierre-Jean (2010-06-28). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/a-bekele-and-wangary-take-langueux-10km-title A. Bekele and Wangary take Langueux 10Km titles]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Oktoba 2013.</ref> Hii ilimsaidia kupata uteuzi wake wa kwanza kimataifa: katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya Nusu Marathon ya IAAF ya mwaka [[2010]] alimaliza katika nafasi ya kumi na moja. Mwaka huo pia alishika nafasi ya kwanza katika mbio za Auray-Vannes na Boulogne-Billancourt Half Marathon. Mwaka [[2011]], Chepchirchir alikuwa miongoni mwa wawili bora katika mbio zote za barabarani alizoshiriki nchini Ufaransa, zikiwemo ushindi katika Le Puy-en-Velay 15K na Humarathon (ambapo aliweka rekodi ya mashindano na muda wake bora binafsi wa dakika 68:07).<ref>[https://www.arrs.run/HP_HumHM.htm Humarathon] {{Wayback|url=https://www.arrs.run/HP_HumHM.htm |date=20251115220518 }}. [[Association of Road Racing Statisticians]]. Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Oktoba 2013.</ref> Katika ushiriki wake wa pili kimataifa kwa niaba ya Kenya, alimaliza wa tano katika nusu marathon ya Michezo ya Afrika 2011.<ref>[http://www.africathle.com/?q=fr%2Fcontent%2Fall-africa-games-jeux-africains-maputo-mozambique-11-159 All Africa Games Results] {{Wayback|url=http://www.africathle.com/?q=fr%2Fcontent%2Fall-africa-games-jeux-africains-maputo-mozambique-11-159 |date=20250224021713 }}. Africa Athle. Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Oktoba 2013.</ref> Mwaka [[2012]], alikimbia nusu marathon mbili chini ya dakika 70, lakini alimaliza wa tatu katika Paris na wa tano Lille.<ref name=Tilas/> Alivunja rekodi ya mashindano katika Paris 20K mwaka [[2013]] kwa muda wa saa 1:05:03,<ref>Vazel, Pierre-Jean (2013-10-13). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/chepchirchir-shatters-course-record-at-paris Chepchirchir shatters course record at Paris 20km]. IAAF. Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Oktoba 2013.</ref> na pia alishinda Ndakaini Marathon nchini Kenya.<ref>[http://www.thepeople.co.ke/20916/kitur-chepchirchir-win-ndakaini-race/ Kitur, Chepchirchir win Ndakaini race]. ''The People'' (2013-09-15). Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Oktoba 2013.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanariadha-kenya}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] aewbe1iu6lexgsnmgk91fqkc0ngxgu3 0 222430 1615472 1488155 2026-11-07T23:20:51Z Tbm 44189 1615472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu |rangi = |jina =Fanleck John Chaula |picha =Fanleck John Chaula.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = |jina la kuzaliwa = |alizaliwa = 1999 |alikufa = |nchi =Tanzania |kazi yake =Mwalimu |ndoa = |wazazi = |watoto = |tovuti rasmi = }} '''Fanleck John Chaula''' (alizaliwa [[22 Julai]] [[1999]]) ni [[mwalimu]] wa elimu ya juu, mkufunzi wa ujasiriamali na mtaalamu wa ubunifu kutoka [[Tanzania]]. Anajulikana kwa kazi zake katika elimu ya ujasiriamali inayojikita katika uzoefu wa vitendo, ushirikiano kati ya vyuo vikuu na sekta binafsi, pamoja na mifumo ya ubunifu inayoongozwa na vijana. Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mhadhiri Msaidizi pamoja na Afisa wa Mahusiano ya Umma na Masoko katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Iringa (mji)|Iringa]], akijihusisha na kukuza mbinu za ujifunzaji zinazounganisha nadharia ya darasani na utatuzi wa changamoto halisi za kijamii na kiuchumi.<ref>[https://tuhat.helsinki.fi/ws/portalfiles/portal/273801415/Report_on_case_study_of_Lyra_s_programs_in_Tanzania_Sept_1.pdf Report_on_case_study_of_Lyra_s_programs_in_Tanzania_Sept_1.pdf]</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Chaula alipata elimu ya sekondari katika Shule ya Sekondari Philip Mangula kati ya mwaka 2012 na 2016. Akiwa shuleni hapo, alianzisha klabu ya mazingira (Mazingira Club) na kuratibu shughuli za uendelevu, ikiwemo upandaji wa zaidi ya miti 200 ya parachichi na tofaa pamoja na uanzishaji wa mabwawa madogo ya samaki kwa ajili ya uzalishaji wa chakula shuleni. Pia alishiriki katika michezo ya kuigiza na maigizo ya jukwaani, ambapo alipokea tuzo ya muigizaji bora. Baadaye alisoma elimu ya juu ya sekondari katika Shule ya Sekondari Nawenge kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2019, ambako alihudumu kama kiongozi wa miradi ya wanafunzi. Katika kipindi hicho, alianzisha mradi wa bustani ya shule kwa ajili ya uzalishaji wa mboga mboga kwa matumizi ya jumuiya ya shule. Pia aliendelea kushiriki katika sanaa za ubunifu, hususan mashairi ya kusomwa na [[muziki]] wa [[rap]], na alipokea tuzo ya rapa bora mwaka 2018. Elimu ya juu aliipata katika Chuo Kikuu cha Iringa, ambako alihitimu Shahada ya Kwanza ya Masoko na Ujasiriamali Tekelevu (Applied Marketing and Entrepreneurship) na baadaye Shahada ya Uzamili ya Usimamizi wa Biashara (MBA) katika Masoko. == Kazi ya kitaaluma na kitaaluma == Chaula alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Iringa kama Mhadhiri Msaidizi na Afisa wa Mahusiano ya Umma na Masoko. Majukumu yake yanahusisha kufundisha masomo ya biashara na ujasiriamali, kuwashauri wanafunzi, pamoja na kusaidia shughuli za mawasiliano na mahusiano ya taasisi. Amekuwa akitumia mbinu za ujifunzaji wa vitendo na kazi za timu, zilizoathiriwa na mfumo wa Team Academy, na ameshiriki katika kuwasaidia wanafunzi zaidi ya 600 katika miradi ya kielimu inayohusisha uanzishaji wa shughuli za kibiashara. Pia ni mwanzilishi wa mpango unaojulikana kama ''Beyond GPA Initiative'', unaolenga kuimarisha ujuzi wa vitendo, kazi za pamoja na mchango wa kijamii sambamba na mafanikio ya kitaaluma, kwa lengo la kuongeza ajira na uwezo wa kujiajiri kwa wahitimu. == Utafiti na machapisho == Utafiti wa Chaula unaangazia mifumo ya ubunifu, elimu ya ujasiriamali, na biashara ya teknolojia changa za kiwango cha awali, hususan katika mazingira ya nchi zinazoendelea. Tafiti zake zimechunguza changamoto za kimuundo, kitaasisi na kikanuni zinazowaathiri wabunifu na biashara ndogo nchini Tanzania. Miongoni mwa kazi zake za utafiti ni: * ''The Assessment of the Contribution of Innovation Hubs towards the Growth of SMEs'' (2022) * ''Barriers to the Commercialization of Early-Stage High-Tech Innovations: The Case of Iringa'' (2024) * ''Effectiveness of Regulatory Frameworks in Influencing the Commercialization of Early-Stage High-Tech Innovations among Innovators in Iringa and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania'' (2025) Aidha, amewahi kufanya kazi kama Msaidizi wa Utafiti katika shirika la Lyra in Africa, akishirikiana na Rose Ingutia katika tafiti na programu za kujenga uwezo kuhusu ubunifu na ujasiriamali. == Ushiriki wa kimataifa == Chaula ameshiriki katika ushirikiano wa kimataifa unaohusu elimu ya ujasiriamali, ikiwemo programu ya kubadilishana wafanyakazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Karelia cha [[Sayansi]] Tekelevu nchini [[Ufini|Finland]] kupitia mpango wa ERASMUS. Pia ameshirikiana na wanafunzi na wahadhiri kutoka The Evergreen State College pamoja na washirika kutoka Peru kupitia mipango ya Team Academy. Ni mmoja wa waasisi wa ''Global Development Hack'', mpango wa ujifunzaji wa kimataifa unaokusanya timu mchanganyiko kutoka nchi mbalimbali kushughulikia changamoto za maendeleo ya kijamii na kiuchumi. Aidha, amewahi kushiriki katika shughuli za ubunifu wa nishati jadidifu na uendelevu zilizoandaliwa na AfriLabs nchini Rwanda. Katika ngazi ya kitaaluma na jamii, Chaula amehusika katika miradi mbalimbali ya ubunifu na maendeleo ya biashara, ikiwemo: * Miradi ya urejelezaji wa plastiki na uchumi mzunguko kwa kushirikiana na Njombe Smart Centre (2021) * Shughuli za maendeleo ya biashara na Mukuta Travel Tours (2022) * Mafunzo ya vijana na wanafunzi kuhusu matumizi ya zana za kidijitali na ujuzi wa ujasiriamali * Kuhudumu kama mzungumzaji na mjumbe wa bodi ya ''Best Legal Services Initiative (BLS Initiative)'' Mwaka 2024 aliteuliwa kuratibu Mkutano wa Vijana wa Mbio za Mwenge wa Uhuru wa Wilaya ya [[Iringa (mji)|Iringa]] unaohusu ujasiriamali. Baadaye, mwaka 2025, aliteuliwa na Ofisi ya Mkuu wa Mkoa wa Iringa kuratibu jukwaa la ''Iringa Business Connect Forum''. Mbali na shughuli za kitaaluma, Chaula ni mwanzilishi wa ''Vatten Enterprises'', biashara inayojihusisha na umwagiliaji unaozingatia mabadiliko ya tabianchi kwa wakulima wadogo, pamoja na ''Redeemer Butter'', mradi wa kijamii unaolenga lishe bora na kuwaunga mkono wanawake wakulima wa karanga. Pia amewahi kuhudumu kama Mratibu wa Kanda wa jumuiya ya vijana viongozi wa mifumo ya chakula mkoani Iringa chini ya mpango wa ''Nourishing Food Systems Pathways Youth Voices'' unaoendeshwa na Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN). Kabla ya hapo, alifanya kazi kama Kiongozi wa Jamii na Ubunifu katika Kiota Innovation Hub. == Tuzo == * Tuzo ya Mtafiti Bora wa Shahada ya Uzamili (MBA – Masoko) * Mshindi wa Tuzo ya ''Innovation for Livelihood Award'' (2023), Ifakara Innovation Hub * Mshiriki mwenye umri mdogo zaidi katika majadiliano ya kilimo kinachozingatia tabianchi ndani ya Jukwaa la Africa Green Revolution Forum (AGRF) 2023 == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-Mtanzania}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Tanzania]] 4us0yq6y363o3bro6lollrjmxbyuc65 0 222638 1615521 1525063 2026-11-08T03:27:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samrawit Fikru''' ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa kompyuta, mjasiriamali, na mfanyabiashara kutoka Ethiopia. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO) wa Hybrid Designs PLC, kampuni ya maendeleo ya programu ambayo imeunda RIDE, programu ya usafirishaji kwa magari ambayo ni maarufu zaidi nchini Ethiopia.<ref name="shega">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Teddy Afro Joins Samrawit Fikru's Streaming Platform Sewasew|url=https://shega.co/post/teddy-afro-joins-samrawit-fikrus-streaming-platform-sewasew/|publisher=Shega|date=24 November 2022|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Fikru alizaliwa Asella, [[Ethiopia]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Berhane |first=Samson |title=Samrawit Fikru |url=https://ethiopianbusinessreview.net/samrawit-fikru/ |website=Ethiopian Business Review |date=15 April 2019 |access-date=29 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Alipata diploma yake katika Uhandisi wa programu kutoka Chuo cha Teknolojia ya Habari cha MicroLink mnamo mwaka [[2004]]. Baadaye alihitimu na BSc katika Sayansi ya Kompyuta kutoka Shule ya Sayansi ya Kompyuta na Teknolojia ya HiLCoE mnamo mwaka [[2006]]. == Kazi == Fikru alianzisha kampuni ya maendeleo ya programu ya kompyuta ya miundo mseto mnamo mwaka [[2014]]. Mwaka huo huo, Hybrid Designs ilizindua RIDE kama huduma ya usafirishaji kwa njia ya [[SMS]]. Huduma hii baadaye ilizinduliwa upya kama programu ya simu ikiwa na kituo cha wito (call center) mnamo Julai [[2017]].<ref>{{cite web |title=RIDE, Ethiopia's version of Uber, is opening up for women in male-dominated taxi business |url=https://semonegna.com/ride-hybrid-designs-ethiopia-version-uber/ |website=Semonegna |date=25 August 2018 |access-date=30 January 2023 |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131031542/https://semonegna.com/ride-hybrid-designs-ethiopia-version-uber/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> RIDE ilitokana na changamoto alizokutana nazo Fikru wakati akijaribu kupata [[teksi]] baada ya muda wa kazi usiku.<ref>{{cite web |last=Adeyooye |first=Oluwafisayo Dorcas |title=Meet Samrawit Fikru, The Tech Genius Reforming Ethiopia's Transport Sector |url=https://www.builtinafrica.io/videos/samrawit-fikru |website=BuiltInAfrica.io |date=8 February 2021 |access-date=30 January 2023 |language=en |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129145517/https://www.builtinafrica.io/videos/samrawit-fikru |archivedate=2023-01-29 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia, alitaka kuunda huduma itakayoshughulikia masuala ya usalama aliyoyakumbana yeye na wengine wanapojaribu kupata teksi, hivyo akatengeneza RIDE kushughulikia mapungufu haya. Hadi mwaka [[2020]], programu hiyo ilikuwa na mamia ya maelfu ya watumiaji na imeshapakuliwa zaidi ya mara 50,000.<ref>{{cite web |last=Moore |first=Janet |title=Ethiopian Entrepreneurs: Five Inspiring Women and Men to Watch |url=http://www.distant-horizons.com/ethiopia-a-new-hot-spot-for-ethiopian-entrepreneurs-distant-horizons/ |website=distant-horizons.com |date=27 May 2020 |access-date=31 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Timu ya maendeleo ya programu hiyo ina asilimia 90 ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite web |title=Samrawit Fikru |url=https://restofworld.org/profile/samrawit-fikru/ |website=Rest of World |date=11 May 2022 |access-date=30 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Fikru analenga kuwahamasisha wanawake wengine kupitia kazi yake: "Biashara zinazomilikiwa na wanawake zinaongezeka; sasa tunahitaji wasichana wengi kupata ufadhili ili kufanikisha mawazo yao ya ubunifu."<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC 100 Women 2022: Who is on the list this year? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-75af095e-21f7-41b0-9c5f-a96a5e0615c1 |publisher=BBC |date=6 December 2022 |access-date=31 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2022]], Fikru alizindua ''Sewasew'', jukwaa la mtandao la kusambaza muziki wa Ethiopia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Teddy Afro Joins Samrawit Fikru's Streaming Platform Sewasew |url=https://shega.co/post/teddy-afro-joins-samrawit-fikrus-streaming-platform-sewasew/ |website=Shega |date=24 November 2022 |access-date=31 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref> == Heshima na tuzo == Fikru alitambuliwa kama mmoja wa Wabadilishaji Teknolojia 100 wa Dunia wa Rest of World.<ref>{{cite web |title=Samrawit Fikru contributes to safer mobility with RIDE |url=https://www.wearetech.africa/en/fils-uk/tech-stars/samrawit-fikru-contributes-to-safer-mobility-with-ride |website=WeAreTech.Africa |date=27 May 2022 |access-date=1 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Mafanikio yake kama mjasiriamali wa teknolojia na motisha aliyoipelekea wasichana waliidhinishwa kwa kutajwa kwenye orodha ya BBC's 100 Women mnamo mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC 100 Women 2022: Who is on the list this year? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-75af095e-21f7-41b0-9c5f-a96a5e0615c1 |publisher=BBC |date=6 December 2022 |access-date=31 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0q7biyf10kubbzhslbjs8aids7smwbf 0 222773 1615411 1521672 2026-11-07T19:39:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615411 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mélinne Jeanne Martine D'oria''' (alizaliwa [[7 Agosti]] [[2001]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa anayecheza katika nafasi ya [[kiungo]]. Anachezea klabu ya Le Mans inayoshiriki Seconde Ligue. Akiwa amezaliwa nchini Ufaransa, anaiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Algeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/sport/football/fc-nantes/fc-nantes-quatre-nouvelles-recrues-pour-lequipe-feminine-f7809f96-2587-11ee-8552-e3192c603a14|title=FC Nantes. Quatre nouvelles recrues pour l'équipe féminine|language=fr|date=18 July 2023|website=ouest-france.fr|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> == Kazi ya klabu == Mnamo Julai 2023, aliondoka VGA Saint-Maur na kusajiliwa na FC Nantes. Mwaka mmoja baadaye, baada ya kupandishwa cheo hadi ''Premier Ligue'', aliondoka Nantes akijiunga na Le Mans.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.lemansfc.fr/index.php?section=actualites-contenu&acute=3125|title=MÉLINNE D'ORIA EST MANCELLE|date=3 Septemba 2024|accessdate=11 Julai 2025|language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mnamo Septemba 2023, D'Oria alipokea wito wake wa kwanza kujiunga na timu ya taifa ya Algeria na kocha. Farid Benstiti kushiriki katika pambano la mara mbili dhidi ya Uganda kama sehemu ya raundi ya kwanza ya kufuzu Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Wanawake 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dzfoot.com/equipes-nationales/en-fem-la-liste-de-benstiti-pour-louganda-247575.html|title=EN Fem. : La liste de Benstiti pour l'Ouganda|language=fr|date=16 Septemba 2023|website=dzfoot.com|access-date=1 Juni 2024}}</ref> Mnamo 4 Desemba 2023, alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kwa timu dhidi ya Burundi, akiingia kuchukua nafasi ya Marine Dafeur katika dakika ya 82. Ilikuwa ni katika ushindi wa 1-0 uliofanikisha kufuzu kwa Algeria kwa Kombe la Afrika.<<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.faf.dz/eliminatoires-de-la-can-total-energies-feminine-maroc-2024la-liste-des-vertes-pour-la-double-confrontation-contre-le-burundi/|title=Eliminatoires De La Can Total Energies Feminine – Maroc 2024:la Liste Des Vertes Pour La Double Confrontation Contre Le Burundi|language=fr|date=26 November 2023|website=faf.dz|publisher=Algerian Football Federation|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.faf.dz/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Fiche-technique-4.pdf|title=Fiche Technique - Burundi 0–1 Algérie|language=fr|date=4 December 2023|website=faf.dz|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> Aliitwa tena Februari 2024 kwa ajili ya kambi ya mazoezi katika Kituo cha Kitaifa cha Ufundi cha Sidi Moussa, kama sehemu ya maandalizi ya mashindano ya mwisho.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fcnantes.com/articles/article2809.php?num=44714#popupCookies|title=Le Programme Des Nantaises En Sélection|language=fr|date=1 June 2024|website=fcnantes.com|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 24, 2024, aliingia kama mbadala wa Waalgeria katika ushindi wa 2–0 dhidi ya Burkina Faso.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.faf.dz/selection-nationale-feminine-les-vertes-battent-le-burkina-faso-2-0-au-ctn/|title=Sélection Nationale Féminine : Les Vertes Battent Le Burkina Faso (2-0) Au CTN|language=fr|date=24 February 2024|website=faf.dz|access-date=1 June 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260429235448/https://www.faf.dz/selection-nationale-feminine-les-vertes-battent-le-burkina-faso-2-0-au-ctn/|archivedate=2026-04-29|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://tribunenantaise.fr/actus-fcnantes/feminines-trois-internationales-du-fc-nantes-simposent-2-0-avec-lalgerie-face-au-burkina-faso/|title=Féminines. Trois internationales du FC Nantes s'imposent 2-0 avec l'Algérie face au Burkina Faso|language=fr|date=26 February 2024|website=tribunenantaise.fr|access-date=1 June 2024}} </ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] rrfi2ezrr0wqw14189ssj4eaij3pmyh 0 223474 1615558 1607688 2026-11-08T06:08:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615558 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suman Pokhrel''' (alizaliwa [[21 Septemba]], [[1967]]) ni [[mshairi]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]], [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia, mtafsiri na [[msanii]] wa [[Nepal]]. Vyuo vikuu nchini Nepal na India vimejumuisha ushairi wake katika silabi zao.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foundationsaarcwriters.com/add_peot_table_des.php?table_id=8&poet_id=1&des_id=140 |title=Suman Pokhrel |publisher=Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature |access-date=2017-08-04 |archive-date=2019-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401182311/http://www.foundationsaarcwriters.com/add_peot_table_des.php?table_id=8&poet_id=1&des_id=140 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="satchidanandna1">{{citation|title=The Songs We Share|editor=[[K. Satchidanandan]] & [[Ajeet Cour]]|publisher=Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature|date=2011|pages=88, 179, 255|isbn=978-8188703210}}</ref><ref>Art of Being Human, An Anthology of International Poetry – Volume 9 p.144, 145, Canada Editors- Daniela Voicu & Brian Wrixon, {{ISBN|9781927682777}}</ref><ref name="tattoo">{{cite web |url=https://www.kantipurdaily.com/koseli/2018/05/26/152730500228431183.html |title=फ्रान्सेली पाखुरामा नेपाली कविता |trans-title=Nepali Poetry in French Arm |first=Madhav |last=Ghimire |website=kantipurdaily.com |date=26 May 2018 |access-date=2018-07-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706103956/https://www.kantipurdaily.com/koseli/2018/05/26/152730500228431183.html |archivedate=2018-07-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Pokhrel ndiye mwandishi pekee aliyepokea Tuzo ya Fasihi ya SAARC mara mbili. Alipokea tuzo hii mwaka wa [[2013]] na [[2015]]. Alipokea tuzo zingine kadhaa za kitaifa na kimataifa za fasihi ikiwa ni pamoja na Tuzo ya Fasihi ya Kimataifa ya Shaluk na Tuzo ya Mshairi Mwenye Msukumo wa [[Asia]].<ref name="ReferenceA">Hindustan Times, New Delhi, Saturday, 14 February 2015</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|date=11 March 2013|title=Five writers honoured at SAARC Literature Festival|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/five-writers-honoured-at-saarc-literature-festival/story-Il4rKRokFAD1IFGMzRapfI.html|access-date=2020-11-17|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref name="grey3">{{cite magazine |author=<!--not stated--> |date=31 January 2024|title=Contributors > Suman Pokhrel|url=https://grey-sparrow-press.com/contributors-2/|work=|magazine= Grey Sparrow Journal|editor= Diane Smith|type=Periodical |location=Minnesota |publisher= Grey Sparrow Press |access-date=2024-05-01}}</ref><ref name="dhaka1">{{cite news |author=প্রবা প্রতিবেদক|date=10 March 2023 |title= শালুক সাহিত্য পুরস্কার পেলেন তিন দেশের কথাসাহিত্যিক ও কবি|trans-title= Writers and Poets from three Countries Received the Shaluk Literature Award|url= https://protidinerbangladesh.com/art-culture/30093/শালুক-সাহিত্য-পুরস্কার-পেলেন-তিন-দেশের-কথাসাহিত্যিক-ও-কবি|language=bn|url-status= |work= |location=Dhaka|access-date=2024-05-01}}</ref><ref name="AA1">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated-->|date=22 October 2023 |title= Suman Pokhrel has Bagged Asia's Inspiring Poet Award|url=https://www.asiaawards.org/news/suman-pokhrel-has-bagged-asia's-inspiring-poet-award |url-status= |work= |location=Trichy |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-05-01}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Nepal]] dfmub984ax1rlvmaxz6lzcalru50j0x 0 223788 1615455 1597518 2026-11-07T22:44:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pape Samba Ba''' (alizaliwa Saint-Louis, [[Senegal]] [[1 Machi]], [[1982]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Senegal aliyekuwa akicheza kama kiungo wa kati. ==Kazi== Awali aliwahi kuchezea klabu za Poland Lech Poznań na Górnik Polkowice. Pia aliwahi kuchezea baadhi ya timu za Azerbaijan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://ain.edu.pl/a/oyuncustats200405.pdf |accessdate=2014-07-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429211906/https://ain.edu.pl/a/oyuncustats200405.pdf |archivedate=2025-04-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2011, alisaini mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na nusu na KSZO Ostrowiec.<ref>[http://www.sportowefakty.pl/pilka-nozna/2011/02/17/samba-ba-wzmocnil-kszo/ Samba Ba wzmocnił KSZO] 17.02.2011, sportowefakty.pl</ref> ===Kimataifa=== Alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya Senegal. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1982|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Senegal]] 940796ghotx0vy1t7oanc9w3ui8uljj 0 227190 1615609 1580860 2026-11-08T07:53:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615609 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tolullah''' " '''Tolu''' " '''Oni''' (alizaliwa 1980) ni mtaalamu wa magonjwa kutoka nchini [[Nigeria]] katika Kitengo cha Epidemiolojia cha Baraza la Utafiti wa Kimatibabu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cambridge]] . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=All Fellows {{!}} The AAS|url=https://aasciences.africa/fellows-all?orderby=date&region=All&discipline=All&year=All&gender=All&name-starts-with=&type=All&page=2#profile|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=aasciences.africa}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Pia ni Mshiriki wa Jukwaa la NextEinstein <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Oni Tolullah {{!}} The AAS|url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/oni-tolullah|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=www.aasciences.africa}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> na Kiongozi wa Vijana katika Jukwaa la Uchumi Duniani . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tolu Oni – Global Gathering 2020|url=https://gg2020.nef.org/speaker/tolu-oni/|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=gg2020.nef.org|archive-date=2023-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002103739/https://gg2020.nef.org/speaker/tolu-oni/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Oni alizaliwa jijini Lagos . <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.aaas.org/news/africa-cultivates-innovation-boost-global-reach|title=Africa Cultivates Innovation to Boost Global Reach|work=American Association for the Advancement of Science|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Akiwa na umri wa miaka saba, Oni alisoma makala kuhusu upasuaji wa moyo na alitaka kuwa daktari wa upasuaji wa moyo kwa watoto . <ref name=":1">{{Rejea jarida |last=Watts |first=Geoff |date=2016-04-23 |title=Tolullah Oni: public health specialist with a global ambition |journal=The Lancet |volume=387 |issue=10029 |pages=1712 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30267-7 |issn=0140-6736 |pmid=27116269 |s2cid=40471022}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Group |first=British Medical Journal Publishing |date=2019-02-20 |title=Tolu Oni: Working on Africa's health |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/364/bmj.l653 |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=364 |pages=l653 |doi=10.1136/bmj.l653 |issn=0959-8138 |pmid=30787003 |s2cid=73476391 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya bweni. <ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/population-health-sciences/alumni/profiles/tollulah|title=Tollulah Oni|author=UCL|date=2018-06-27|work=UCL Faculty of Population Health Sciences|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26|archive-date=2022-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425173104/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/population-health-sciences/alumni/profiles/tollulah|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alipata mafunzo ya [[Tiba|udaktari]] katika afya ya kimataifa katika Chuo Kikuu cha jijini London, ambapo alisoma shahada ya kwanza mwaka wa 2001. <ref name=":2" /> Alikamilisha kazi za nyumbani nchini [[Ufalme wa Muungano|Uingereza]] na [[Australia]], na akapendezwa na akataka kujifunza kwa habari ya magonjwa yakuambukiza kama [[Virusi vya UKIMWI|VVU]] . <ref name=":1" /> Aliteuliwa kuwa rais wa Muungano wa Wanafunzi wa Madaktari. <ref name=":2" /> Oni alikuwa mwanafunzi wa udaktari katika Chuo cha Imperial London, ambapo alianza kusoma masomo ya afya. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2018-06-22-uct-gave-me-the-space-to-make-a-difference|title=UCT gave me the space to make a difference|work=www.news.uct.ac.za|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2016-05-11-tolullah-oni-promoting-science-and-research-to-develop-africa|title=Tolullah Oni: promoting science and research to develop Africa|work=www.news.uct.ac.za|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Alichunguza jinsi viashiria vya kijamii vilivyoathiri hali za kiafya, na akamaliza Shahada yake katika Uzamivu mwaka wa 2012. <ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://nef.org/fellow/tolu-oni/|title=Tolu Oni – Next Einstein Forum|date=May 2019|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626202955/https://nef.org/fellow/tolu-oni/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Oni |first=Tolu |last2=Youngblood |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Boulle |first3=Andrew |last4=McGrath |first4=Nuala |last5=Wilkinson |first5=Robert J |last6=Levitt |first6=Naomi S |date=2015-01-17 |title=Patterns of HIV, TB, and non-communicable disease multi-morbidity in peri-urban South Africa- a cross sectional study |journal=BMC Infectious Diseases |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=20 |doi=10.1186/s12879-015-0750-1 |issn=1471-2334 |pmc=4300166 |pmid=25595711 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Oni alipewa Tuzo ya Uchaguzi ya Wanafunzi wa Matibabu ya Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Medical Student, na kuhamia nchini Afrika Kusini . <ref name=":2" /> == Utafiti na kazi == Oni alifanya kazi nchini [[Afrika Kusini]], ambapo alianzisha mpango wa ''utafiti wa Mpango wa Utafiti wa Afya na Usawa wa Miji'' (RICHE) katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town]] mnamo mwaka wa 2007. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dr Tolullah Oni|url=https://www.mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk/people/tolullah-oni/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=MRC Epidemiology Unit|language=en-US}}</ref> RICHE inafanya kazi katika afya ya mjini, ikigundua fursa za kutekeleza sera za afya ya umma katika miji inayokua kwa haraka. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tolullah Oni: promoting science and research to develop Africa|url=http://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2016-05-11-tolullah-oni-promoting-science-and-research-to-develop-africa|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=www.news.uct.ac.za|language=en}}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama msajili katika Idara ya Afya ya Western Cape . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Department of Health and Wellness {{!}} Western Cape Government|url=https://www.westerncape.gov.za/dept/health|accessdate=2022-04-26|work=www.westerncape.gov.za|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425235744/https://www.westerncape.gov.za/dept/health|archivedate=2022-04-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alifurahishwa na hatua zinazoweza kudhibiti maambukizi sugu na magonjwa yasiyoambukiza . <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2018-05-01 |title=Real-world illness requires medical multitasking |journal=Nature |language=EN |volume=557 |issue=7703 |pages=5–6 |bibcode=2018Natur.557Q...5. |doi=10.1038/d41586-018-05028-w |pmid=29717257 |s2cid=256768263 |doi-access=}}</ref> Oni aliteuliwa kuwa mhadhiri mkuu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town]] . <ref name=":3"/> Hapa, aliendelea kusoma shahada ya kwanza.Alisoma shahada ya kwanza ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cape Town]] katika afya ya kimataifa, ambayo ilizinduliwa mnamo mwaka wa 2014. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=London |first=Leslie |last2=Doyal |first2=Lesley |last3=Ajuwon |first3=Ademola |last4=Kaseje |first4=Margaret |last5=Adongo |first5=Philip |last6=Fonn |first6=Sharon |author-link6=Sharon Fonn |last7=Yudkin |first7=John S. |last8=Oni |first8=Tolu |date=2019-03-01 |title=Global public health starts at home: upstream approaches to global health training |journal=The Lancet Global Health |language=English |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=e301–e302 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30558-8 |hdl=1983/5ed590b2-8316-4a5e-be9a-824044423273 |issn=2214-109X |pmid=30784626 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Kozi iliyoundwa na Oni kozi moja ya kwanza kufundisha afya ya kimataifa kutoka kwa mtazamo wa Global South . <ref name=":1" /> Alihamia katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Cambridge]], ambapo alijiunga na Kitengo cha Epidemiolojia cha Baraza la Utafiti wa Kimatibabu kama mtafiti mwandamizi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk/people/tolullah-oni/|title=Dr Tolullah Oni|work=MRC Epidemiology Unit|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.iph.cam.ac.uk/network/directory/tolullah-oni/|title=Tolullah Oni|work=Cambridge Institute of Public Health|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Hapa yeye ni mwanachama wa mtandao wa Kikundi na Mtandao wa Utafiti wa Lishe na Shughuli zinazohusu lishe Duniani (GDAR), ambao wanafanya ya kazi kuzuia magonjwa yasiyoambukiza katika [[Nchi inayoendelea|nchi zenye kipato cha chini]] . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk/research/global-public-health/gdar/|title=The Global Diet and Activity Research Group and Network (GDAR)|work=MRC Epidemiology Unit|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626203001/http://www.mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk/research/global-public-health/gdar/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ushirikishwaji wa umma na sera == Oni amewasilisha katika [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] na Jukwaa la Uchumi Duniani . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/hlpf|title=High-level Political Forum .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform|work=sustainabledevelopment.un.org|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.weforum.org/events/world-economic-forum-annual-meeting-2018/|title=World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2018|work=World Economic Forum|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.who.int/airpollution/events/conference/speakers/en/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105125144/http://www.who.int/airpollution/events/conference/speakers/en/|archivedate=November 5, 2018|title=WHO {{!}} Conference speakers|work=WHO|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Oni ni bodi ya Future Earth na jukwaa la Chuo cha Sayansi cha Afrika kwa ajili ya utafiti huria. <ref name="AAS Open Research">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://aasopenresearch.org/|title=AAS Open Research|work=aasopenresearch.org|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Oni ni Mwanachama wa Chuo cha Sayansi cha Afrika, na alichaguliwa kuwa Mwanachama wa NextEinstein mnamo mwaka wa 2015 na Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Kina [[Chuo Kikuu cha Stellenbosch|ya Chuo Kikuu cha Stellenbosch]] mnamo mwaka wa 2017. <ref name=":3"/> <ref>{{Citation|last=Next Einstein Forum|title=NEF Fellows Spotlight Session: Tolu Oni|date=2016-03-18|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImrmmpKITBw|access-date=2019-06-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://aasciences.ac.ke/fellow/oni-tolullah|title=Oni Tolullah {{!}} The AAS|work=aasciences.ac.ke|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://stias.ac.za/fellows-of-stias/fellows-2017/|title=Fellows 2017|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-06-26}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alichaguliwa kuwa mmoja wa Wenyeviti katika wa Chuo cha Vijana cha Global mnamo mwaka wa 2018. <ref name=":0"/> Oni anahudumu katika bodi za wahariri za Jarida la Afya ya Mijini na Afya ya Sayari ya The Lancet . <ref name="AAS Open Research" /> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://link.springer.com/journal/11524|title=Journal of Urban Health - Springer|work=link.springer.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Ameandika kwa ajili ya The Conversation . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://theconversation.com/profiles/tolullah-oni-199995|title=Tolullah Oni|work=The Conversation|date=22 October 2015|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> Oni anahudumu kama jaji katika kutoa Tuzo ya Sayansi ya Kuhamasisha Asili . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nature.com/collections/jcpghfmqlz/judges|title=Judges {{!}} Nature Research Awards for Inspiring Science and Innovating Science|work=www.nature.com|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> == Tuzo na heshima == * Mwaka wa 2013 Alichaguliwa katika Chuo cha Sayansi cha Vijana cha nchini Afrika Kusini <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.publichealth.uct.ac.za/news/south-african-young-academy-science|title=South African Young Academy of Science {{!}} School of Public Health and Family Medicine|work=www.publichealth.uct.ac.za|language=en|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> * Programu ya Uongozi ya Madaktari Vijana ya mwaka wa 2014 kutoka kwa Jopo la Matibabu la Taaluma Mbalimbali <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2019-03-22|title=TOLU ONI IS ONE OUT OF THE 127 YOUNG GLOBAL LEADERS FOR THE CLASS OF 2019|url=https://flourishafrica.com/tolu-oni-is-one-out-of-the-127-young-global-leaders-for-the-class-of-2019/|accessdate=2022-04-23|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002103738/https://flourishafrica.com/tolu-oni-is-one-out-of-the-127-young-global-leaders-for-the-class-of-2019/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tolullah Oni: Young Nigerian with a global vision. - Free Online Library|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Tolullah+Oni:+Young+Nigerian+with+a+global+vision-a0526405955|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=www.thefreelibrary.com}}</ref> * Jukwaa la Uchumi Duniani la mwaka wa 2019 Kiongozi Kijana wa Kimataifa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.weforum.org/people/tolu-oni/|title=Tolu Oni|work=World Economic Forum|accessdate=2019-06-26}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] 2bc6ms5n5srwm374kd0usbcroypea0r 0 228294 1615669 1585394 2026-11-08T11:09:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victoria Okojie''' ni mtunza maktaba, msomi, na mtawala wa [[Nigeria]]. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=IFLA -- Statement of Candidacy: Victoria Okojie (Nigeria)|url=https://www.ifla.org/ES/node/11304|accessdate=2021-08-20|work=www.ifla.org}}</ref> Alikuwa Msajili na Afisa Mkuu Mtendaji wa kwanza wa Baraza la Usajili wa Maktaba la nchini Nigeria, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Association pour le progrès des communications"|title=CIPESA's reflections on the Third Africa Internet Governance Forum, 2014 {{!}} Association pour le progrès des communications|url=https://www.apc.org/fr/node/19650|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=www.apc.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2022-03-22|title=Destiny Child; Finishing Strong; Proudly Librarian!|url=https://web.aflia.net/destiny-child-finishing-strong-proudly-librarian/|accessdate=2024-06-24|work=African Library & Information Associations & Institutions|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624105223/https://web.aflia.net/destiny-child-finishing-strong-proudly-librarian/|url-status=dead}}</ref> shirika la serikali la [[Siasa ya Nigeria|Serikali ya Shirikisho la Nigeria]] . Okojie pia ni rais wa zamani wa Chama cha Maktaba cha Nigeria na pia mjumbe wa bodi inayoongoza ya Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Vyama na Taasisi za Maktaba (IFLA). <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Biographical Legacy and Research|first=Sera|date=2018-07-02|title=OKOJIE, Dr Victoria|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/okojie-dr-victoria/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> Yeye ni mhadhiri katika Idara ya Maktaba na Sayansi ya Habari, [[Chuo Kikuu cha Abuja]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=CASA Africa|title=Victoria Okojie {{!}} Casa África|url=http://www.casafrica.es/es/persona/victoria-okojie|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=www.casafrica.es|date=10 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170401/https://www.casafrica.es/es/persona/victoria-okojie|archivedate=2021-10-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2018-01-16|title=Innovative Library Service Workshop|url=https://wtec.org.ng/innovative-library-service-workshop/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Women's Technology Empowerment Centre – W.TEC|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512102843/https://wtec.org.ng/innovative-library-service-workshop/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Elimu == Okojie alihitimu shahada yake ya uzamili katika Sayansi ya Maktaba (MLS) kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan|katika Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan]], kabla ya kuendelea na Chuo Kikuu cha Ahmadu Bello, [[Zaria]], ambapo alimaliza Shahada yake ya Uzamivu katika Sayansi ya Maktaba na Habari mnamo mwaka wa 2012. <ref name="Osso">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Osso|first=Sera|date=2018-07-02|title=OKOJIE, Dr Victoria|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/okojie-dr-victoria/|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi == Taaluma ya Okojie ni katika ukufunzi wa maktaba ilianza mwaka wa 1984 katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan]] . Alijiunga na Baraza la Uingereza mwaka wa 1994 na alipanda hadhi hadi kuwa Mkurugenzi katika baraza hilo, Mnigeria wa kwanza kufanya hivyo. Wakati wa kazi yake, alishauriana na [[Kundi la Benki ya Dunia|Benki ya Dunia]], [[UNESCO|Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na Utamaduni la Umoja wa Mataifa]], pamoja na Idara ya Maendeleo ya Kimataifa ya nchini Uingereza. <ref name="Victoria Okojie {{!}} Casa África">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Victoria Okojie {{!}} Casa África|url=http://www.casafrica.es/es/persona/victoria-okojie|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=www.casafrica.es|date=10 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170401/https://www.casafrica.es/es/persona/victoria-okojie|archivedate=2021-10-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2009, Okojie alijiunga na huduma za Serikali ya Shirikisho la nchini Nigeria chini ya mwavuli wa Baraza la Usajili wa Maktaba la Nigeria, ambapo akawa Msajili au Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa Baraza. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/okojie-dr-victoria/|title=OKOJIE, Dr Victoria|date=2 July 2018}}</ref> Alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa Chama cha Maktaba cha Nigeria kuanzia mwaka wa 2000 hadi mwaka wa 2010. [https://www.ifla.org/FR/node/8695] Okojie pia alifanya kazi kama Mwenyekiti wa Kitengo cha Afrika cha Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Vyama na Taasisi za Maktaba (IFLA). Kati ya mwaka wa 2011 na mwaka wa 2015. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Brief of Okojie Victoria|title=cibu|url=https://cibu.dgb.unam.mx/index.php/en/?view=article&id=143&tmpl=component|accessdate=2021-02-24|archivedate=2022-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020201618/https://cibu.dgb.unam.mx/index.php/en/?view=article&id=143&tmpl=component}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2012, alikuwa miongoni mwa viongozi kumi na wawili wa maktaba duniani waliochaguliwa kufanya kazi na IFLA katika Sekta ya Maktaba na Habari. Okojie alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Bodi inayoongoza ya IFLA; [https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/iac-committee#:~:text=The%20International%20Advisory%20Committee%20(IAC,the%20Programme%20as%20a%20whole.] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Building forward better: African library partnerships for inclusive information and education towards Agendas 2030 and 2063|url=https://www.ifla.org/events/building-forward-better-african-library-partnerships-for-inclusive-information-and-education-towards-agendas-2030-and-2063/|accessdate=2024-06-29|work=IFLA|language=en-US}}</ref> Kamati ya Ushauri ya Kimataifa, Programu ya Kumbukumbu ya Dunia [[UNESCO|ya UNESCO]] ; <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|date=October 2017|title=Report of 13thmeeting of the International Advisory Committee (IAC)UNESCO, Paris|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000265145|accessdate=2021-02-24|work=unesdoc.unesco.org}}</ref> Kamati ya Ushauri, Programu ya Maktaba ya Kimataifa [[Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation|ya Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] ; na Chama cha Maktaba cha Afrika Magharibi. <ref name=":0"/> Okojie pia alihudumu kama Mratibu wa Programu ya Mtandao wa Mabalozi wa Ubunifu wa Wataalamu wa Habari wa Nigeria (NIPIAN). <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=About|url=https://nipian.org/about/|accessdate=2023-01-05|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-01-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105131009/https://nipian.org/about/}}</ref> == Tuzo na heshima == Okojie alishinda tuzo ya heshima ya Chama cha Maktaba cha Nigeria mnamo mwaka wa 2000. <ref name="Awards & Honours">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-07-31|title=Awards & Honours|url=https://victoriaokojie.org/awards-honours/|accessdate=2021-05-18|work=Victoria Okojie|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-05-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518085606/https://victoriaokojie.org/awards-honours/}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Osso|first=Sera|date=2018-07-02|title=OKOJIE, Dr Victoria|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/okojie-dr-victoria/|accessdate=2021-05-17|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> Pia ameshinda Tuzo ya "Binti wa Hatima" ya tawi la [[Jimbo la Oyo]] la Chama cha Maktaba cha Nigeria, pamoja na Tuzo ya Sifa ya Mpango wa Vijana wa nchini Nigeria wa Uwazi, Utawala Bora, Amani na Mwelekeo wa Kijamii (NYITGPSO) kama "Icon of Education" ya mwaka wa 2012. Pia mwaka wa 2012, Chuo Kikuu cha Jumuiya ya Madola, [[Belize]], kilimpa Okojie udaktari wa heshima, kwa michango yake katika uwanja wa Maktaba na Sayansi ya Habari. <ref name="Awards & Honours" /> Okojie pia ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Maktaba cha Nigeria (tangu mwaka wa 2005); Programu ya Uongozi wa Wageni wa Kimataifa (IVLP) ya Idara ya Mambo ya Nje ya nchini Marekani, Serikali ya Marekani, Marekani (mwaka wa 2008), na Taasisi ya UNESCO ya Kujifunza Maisha Yote, [[Hamburg]], [[Ujerumani]] (mwaka wa 2007). <ref name="Victoria Okojie {{!}} Casa África"/> <ref name="Osso"/> == Machapisho yaliyochaguliwa == * Gbaje, ES, na V. Okojie (2011). Ufikiaji unaolenga mtumiaji wa mipango ya maarifa katika maktaba za vyuo vikuu vya Nigeria. Maktaba za Nigeria, Juz. 44. * Ekoja, II, VO Okojie na H. Emmanuel (2019). Jukumu la maktaba ya kitaifa ya Nigeria katika kujenga taifa lenye usomaji hodari: changamoto na mikakati. Katika Hotuba kuhusu Masuala ya Kielimu: Festschrift kwa heshima ya Maprofesa Watano Wanaostaafu. Maisamari, AM et al. (mh): Abuja, Chuo Kikuu cha Abuja Press. pp.&nbsp;85–100. * Okojie, V. na Igbinovia, OM (2022). Mitazamo ya kimataifa kuhusu desturi endelevu za maktaba. . uk.&nbsp;376. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.igi-global.com/book/global-perspectives-sustainable-library-practices/298681#:~:text=Global%20Perspectives%20on%20Sustainable%20Library%20Practices%20provides%20a%20rich%20and,well%20as%20sustaining%20value%20for|title=Global perspectives on sustainable library practices|last=Victoria Okojie and Magnus Osahon Igbinovia|date=2022|publisher=[[IGI Global]]|isbn=9781668459645|access-date=2022-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805191707/http://www.igi-global.com/book/global-perspectives-sustainable-library-practices/298681#:~:text=Global%20Perspectives%20on%20Sustainable%20Library%20Practices%20provides%20a%20rich%20and,well%20as%20sustaining%20value%20for|archive-date=2022-08-05}}</ref> * Victoria Okojie, Faith Orim, Oso Oluwatoyin na Adeyinka Tella (2020). Fursa na changamoto za wasomaji wa vitabu vya kielektroniki na vifaa vya mkononi katika maktaba: Uzoefu kutoka Nigeria. Katika Adeyinka Tailor (Mh). Kitabu cha Utafiti kuhusu Vifaa vya Kidijitali kwa Ujumuishi na Ushirikishwaji katika Maktaba uk.&nbsp;208–230. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Victoria Okojie, Faith Orim, Oso Oluwatoyin and Adeyinka Tella |date=2020 |title=Opportunities and Challenges of E-Book Readers and Mobile Devices in Libraries: Experiences From Nigeria |url=https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/opportunities-and-challenges-of-e-book-readers-and-mobile-devices-in-libraries/233998 |url-status=dead |doi=10.4018/978-1-5225-9034-7.ch010 |s2cid=203356192 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210132139/https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/opportunities-and-challenges-of-e-book-readers-and-mobile-devices-in-libraries/233998 |archive-date=2021-12-10 |access-date=2022-01-05}}</ref> * Adeyinka Tella, Okojie Victoria, na Olaniyi, T. (2018). Zana za Kualamisha Kijamii na Maktaba za Dijiti, IGI Global. * Adeyinka Tella, Victoria Okojie na OT Olaniyi (2018). Zana za kuweka alamisho za kijamii na maktaba za kidijitali. Katika Adeyinka Tailor na Tom Kwanya (Wahariri). Kitabu cha Utafiti kuhusu Kusimamia Mali Miliki katika Maktaba za Kidijitali, uk.&nbsp;396–401. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Handbook of Research on Managing Intellectual Property in Digital Libraries|last=Adeyinka|first=Tella|last2=Okojie|first2=Victoria|last3=Olaniyi|first3=T|date=2018|publisher=IGI Global|isbn=9781522530930|series=Advances in Library and Information Science|pages=396–409|chapter=Social Bookmarking Tools and Digital Libraries|doi=10.4018/978-1-5225-3093-0.ch020|access-date=2023-01-05|chapter-url=https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/social-bookmarking-tools-and-digital-libraries/188559}}</ref> * Okojie V. na Okiy, R. (2017). Maktaba za Umma na ajenda ya maendeleo nchini Nigeria. Karatasi iliyowasilishwa katika Mkutano wa Maktaba na Habari wa Dunia wa IFLA huko Athens, Ugiriki, uk.&nbsp;1–12 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Victoria Okojie and Rose Okiy|date=2019|title=Public Libraries And The Development Agenda In Nigeria|url=https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/2496/1/233-okojie-en.pdf|accessdate=2022-10-05|work=library.ifla.org|archive-date=2022-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006110017/https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/2496/1/233-okojie-en.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Okojie, Victoria na Omotoso, Oladele (2013) Elimu na mafunzo ya wataalamu wa habari: Jukumu la ushirikiano la Baraza la Usajili wa Wakutubi la Nigeria (LRCN). Karatasi iliyowasilishwa katika Mkutano wa Maktaba na Habari wa Dunia wa IFLA huko Singapore. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Okojie|first=Victoria|date=2013|title=Education and training of information professionals: the collaborative role of the Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN)|url=https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/205/|language=en|work=library.ifla.org|accessdate=2026-04-14|archive-date=2024-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515214647/https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/205/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] i1wxt6qtgmx9dogglx9ufl16imws34s 0 228462 1615486 1574302 2026-11-08T00:16:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ponani Petunia Makhubele-Marilele''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1979]] au 1980) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Afrika Kusini]] ambaye alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Afrika Kusini hadi Mei 2024, akiwakilisha chama cha African National Congress (ANC). Mnamo Septemba 2024, Makhubele-Marilele alihama kutoka ANC na kujiunga na chama cha uMkhonto weSizwe (MK).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Maeko|first=Tshepo|title=Limpopo's Ponani Makhubele finally heads to Parliament {{!}} Your Story. Your Power.|url=https://localvoices.co.za/2021/01/28/limpopos-ponani-makhubele-finally-heads-to-parliament/|access-date=2021-12-26|language=en-ZA|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226193114/https://localvoices.co.za/2021/01/28/limpopos-ponani-makhubele-finally-heads-to-parliament/|archivedate=2021-12-26|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ANC's Makhubele finally takes her place in parliament|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/south-africa/2021-01-28-ancs-makhubele-finally-takes-her-place-in-parliament/|access-date=2021-12-26|website=SowetanLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] 4aaoyly90vgp34t6bbxu8nhwlwdmiw9 0 229201 1615506 1594076 2026-11-08T01:29:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Regina Askia-Williams''' (alizaliwa [[16 Desemba]] [[1967]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa zamani Malkia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Lagos aliyezaliwa Nigeria. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Fellow Nurses|first=|date=2026-03-22|title=Meet Regina Askia-Williams: The Nigerian celebrity and Ex beauty queen now living the nursing dream in the US|url=https://www.fellownurses.com/2026/03/regina-askia-williams-nigerian-beauty-queen-nurse-practitioner-us.html|accessdate=2026-03-24|work=Fellow Nurses Africa|language=en-US|archive-date=2026-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260413134450/https://www.fellownurses.com/2026/03/regina-askia-williams-nigerian-beauty-queen-nurse-practitioner-us.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Sunday|first=Lot|date=2024-05-01|title=Regina Askia-Williams: Actress, Model, Advocate|url=https://www.goldenpage.ng/regina-askia-williams-actress-model-advocate/|accessdate=2026-03-26|work=Golden Page Magazine|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260426080621/https://www.goldenpage.ng/regina-askia-williams-actress-model-advocate/|archivedate=2026-04-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alipata cheti chake kama Muuguzi wa Familia (FNP) na anafanya kazi katika [[Jiji la New York]] . Anaandika na kuzungumza hadharani akitetea uhamasishaji wa Waafrika katika afya ya watoto, elimu, na maendeleo ya kiuchumi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Health Dialogues|url=http://www.africanviews.org/african-health-dialogues|publisher=African Views|accessdate=29 May 2012|archivedate=30 December 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230195957/http://www.africanviews.org/african-health-dialogues}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Okporu|first=Rachel|date=2022-02-03|title='Indeed she's ageless' Reactions as Actress Regina Askia shares 30 years throwback photo|url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/entertainment/regina-askia-shares-30-years-throwback-photo|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=Kemi Filani News|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Kazi == Mnamo 1988, Askia-Williams, mwanafunzi wa zamani wa udaktari ambaye alikuwa amehamia kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Calabar]] hadi Chuo Kikuu cha Lagos, alitawazwa kuwa ''Miss Unilag .'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Database|first=African Movie|title=Regina Askia - Actor|url=https://africanmoviedb.com/person/regina-askia-askia-williams-imaobong-usoro|accessdate=2026-03-24|work=African Movie Database|language=English}}</ref> Mwaka huo huo, alishika nafasi ya pili katika shindano la Msichana Mrembo Zaidi nchini Nigeria (MBGN). Mnamo 1989, alichukua taji la MBGN wakati mshindi Bianca Onoh alipojiuzulu. <ref>''Temitope (16 December 2019).'' "Ex-beauty queen, Regina Askia clocks 52 today"''. Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 March 2026.''</ref> Mnamo 1990, Askia-Williams aliiwakilisha Nigeria katika Miss Charm International iliyofanyika [[Sankt Peterburg|Leningrad]], [[Urusi]], na akashika nafasi ya pili. Alikuwa Mnigeria wa kwanza kushindana katika shindano la Miss International nchini [[Japani]], ambapo alipewa vazi bora zaidi la kitamaduni. <ref>"5 reasons why she was one of the biggest celebrities of her time"''. Pulse Nigeria. 24 November 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2026.''</ref> Baada ya kupata kutambuliwa hadharani nchini Nigeria kama mshindi wa shindano la urembo, kazi ya uanamitindo ilifunguliwa kwa Askia-Williams. Alionekana katika matangazo kadhaa ya magazeti na televisheni ya Nigeria, ikiwa ni pamoja na akaunti za kimataifa za Visine, ''Chicken George'' fast food, ''Kessingsheen'' Hair Care, na boutique chain ''Collectibles'' . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2025-05-18|title=Regina 'Imaobong' Askia: From Pageantry to Nollywood, US Nurse|url=https://www.centurynewspaper.com/regina-imaobong-askia-from-pageantry-to-nollywood-us-nurse/|accessdate=2026-03-26|work=Century Newspaper|language=en}}</ref> Pia alifanya kazi katika [[Maonyesho ya mavazi|maonyesho kadhaa ya runway]], na mwaka wa 2007, alishiriki katika safu ya kusafisha uso ya 2000-N-Six pamoja na binti yake, mwanamitindo Stephanie Hornecker. <ref name="2000-N-Six">2000-N-Six {{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/sunstyle/2007/feb/24/sunstyle-24-02-2007-001.htm |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2026-04-19 |archive-date=2007-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010112723/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/sunstyle/2007/feb/24/sunstyle-24-02-2007-001.htm |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Mwaka wa 2006, Askia-Williams aliandaa onyesho la mitindo la hisani katika Chuo cha Lehman huko Bronx, New York, ambalo lilionyesha ubunifu wa wabunifu wakuu wa Kiafrika na lebo yake mwenyewe ya ''Regine Fashions'' . <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.africanevents.com/RegineFashionShow06.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320024323/http://www.africanevents.com/RegineFashionShow06.htm|archivedate=20 March 2013|title=Regine 2006 fashion Show in New York City to benefit children in Africa|publisher=African Events|accessdate=25 February 2018}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Askia-Williams kwa sasa anaishi Amerika na familia yake. Yeye ni mhitimu wa Chuo Kikuu cha Lagos, Nigeria akiwa na shahada ya [[Biolojia]] . Alipata shahada yake ya uuguzi katika Chuo cha Wagner nchini Marekani. <ref name="African Views">{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Health Dialogues: Mrs. Regina Askia-Williams, RN|url=http://www.africanviews.org/african-health-dialogues|accessdate=29 May 2012|publisher=African Views|archivedate=30 December 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230195957/http://www.africanviews.org/african-health-dialogues}}</ref> na sasa ni muuguzi wa familia anayefanya kazi katika Jiji la New York. <ref>"Nurses, spinal cord of health system – Group"''. Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 25 February 2018''</ref> <ref>"Regina Askia Urges Nigerian Nurses to Partner with Counterparts in Diaspora"''. Medical world Nigeria. Retrieved 25 February 2018.''</ref> Miezi mitatu tu baada ya kuhamia Jiji la New York na familia yake, <ref name=":2">{{Rejea jarida |date=1 October 2001 |journal=The News |publisher=Independent Communications Network Ltd., 2001 |volume=17 |pages=32}}</ref> alinusurika shambulio la Kituo cha Biashara Duniani mnamo Septemba 11, 2001. Alitoroka kutoka kwenye jengo hilo, ambapo alifanya kazi wakati huo. <ref name=":2" /> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] 7es98p2rdonbblv83z4ymvnshrpp32y 0 229222 1615412 1529085 2026-11-07T19:48:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615412 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nabile Farès''' (25 Septemba 1940 – 30 Agosti 2016) alikuwa mwandishi wa riwaya Mfaransa aliyezaliwa Algeria. Alizaliwa Collo, sehemu ya Skikda Province, [[Algeria]]. Farès aliacha masomo yake na kujiandaa (katika kambi nchini Tunisia) kupigana dhidi ya Wafaransa mwishoni mwa vita vya uhuru (1960). Baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu nchini Ufaransa, akiwa na tasnifu kuhusu nafasi ya zimwi katika fasihi simulizi ya Afrika Kaskazini. Kazi yake ya kwanza ni riwaya ''Yahia, pas de chance,'' (1970), iliyotokana na muswada ambao Farès alikuwa akiubeba kwenye mkoba wakati akikimbia katika vipindi mbalimbali wakati na baada ya vita vya uhuru.<ref>[[http://www.crisolenguas.uprrp.edu {{Wayback|url=http://www.crisolenguas.uprrp.edu |date=20210410191602 }}](http://www.crisolenguas.uprrp.edu {{Wayback|url=http://www.crisolenguas.uprrp.edu |date=20210410191602 }}) Crisolenguas] Vol. 1 no. 2</ref> Kazi zake za baadaye zilihusisha riwaya na mashairi. Miongoni mwa hizo ni trilojia ya riwaya ''La Découverte du nouveau monde'' na riwaya yake mashuhuri zaidi, ''Un Passager de l'occident,'' ambayo kwa sehemu ilichochewa na urafiki wake na mwandishi wa Marekani James Baldwin. Kazi zote za Farès zina sifa ya kujihusisha na masuala ya kisiasa, hasa katika kupanua maana ya Algeria na ualgeria—na kupinga siasa za makundi siasa za makundi na siasa za utambulisho.<ref>Bensmaïa, ''Experimental Nations,'' Princeton: Princeton U. Press, 2003 uk. 25</ref> Anaelezea Algeria kama taifa linaloendelea kujijenga, na humwacha msomaji kutafakari kuwa utambulisho wa mtu binafsi (pamoja na wa kitaifa) uko katika hali hiyo hiyo. Uhamishoni ni mada inayojirudia mara kwa mara.<ref>Zemmouri, ''Dialectique de l'identité,'' Tanger: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, 2007 uk. 27</ref> Mashairi yake hasa ni changamoto na yana ubunifu wa kuvutia kwa upande wa taswira. Alifariki mjini Paris tarehe 30 Agosti 2016 akiwa na umri wa miaka 75.<ref>{{cite journal | url=[http://www.lematindz.net/news/21651-deces-de-lecrivain-nabile-fares.html](http://www.lematindz.net/news/21651-deces-de-lecrivain-nabile-fares.html) | journal=Le Matin Algeria | title=Décès de l'écrivain Nabile Farès | language=fr }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=[http://www.aps.dz/en/culture/14046-algerian-writer-nabil-fares-passes-away](http://www.aps.dz/en/culture/14046-algerian-writer-nabil-fares-passes-away) |title=Algerian writer Nabil Fares passes away |access-date=2016-08-31 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20160831222834/http://www.aps.dz/en/culture/14046-algerian-writer-nabil-fares-passes-away](https://web.archive.org/web/20160831222834/http://www.aps.dz/en/culture/14046-algerian-writer-nabil-fares-passes-away) |archive-date=2016-08-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kazi za Farès == * ''Yahia, pas de chance.'' Paris: le Seuil, 1970 * ''Le Champ d'Akli.'' Paris: P.J. Oswald, 1971 * ''Un Passager de l'occident.'' Paris: Le Seuil, 1971 * ''Le Champ des oliviers.'' Paris: Le Seuil, 1972 * ''Mémoire de l'absent.'' Paris: Le Seuil, 1974 * ''L'Exil et le désarroi.'' Paris: Maspero, 1976 * ''Chants d'histoire et de vie pour des roses de sable.'' Paris: L'Harmattan, 1978 * ''La Mort de Salah Baye.'' Paris: L'Harmattan, 1979 * ''L'Etat perdu.'' Paris: Actes/Sud, 1982 * ''L'Exil au féminin.'' Paris: L'Harmattan, 1987 * ''Hearing Your Story.'' New Orleans: U. New Orleans Press, 2008 (tafsiri ya ''Chants d'histoire et de vie pour des roses de sable'') * ''A Passenger From the West''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/a-passenger-from-the-west/|title](https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/a-passenger-from-the-west/|title) = A Passenger from the West|date = 27 May 2018}}</ref> (riwaya), tafsiri ya Peter Thompson. Diálogos Books, 2014 * ''Exile and Helplessness''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/exile-and-helplessness/|title](https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/exile-and-helplessness/|title) = Exile and Helplessness|date = 5 October 2017}}</ref> (riwaya), tafsiri ya Peter Thompson , Diálogos Books, 2012 * ''Exile: Women's Turn''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/exile-womens-turn|title](https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/exile-womens-turn|title) = Exile: Women's Turn|date = 30 October 2017}}</ref> (mashairi), tafsiri ya Peter Thompson, Diálogos Books, 2017 * ''Discovery of the New World''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/discovery-of-the-new-world|title](https://www.lavenderink.org/site/shop/discovery-of-the-new-world|title) = Discovery of the New World|date = 12 December 2020}}</ref> (trilojia ya riwaya; inajumuisha ''The Olive Grove, Memory and the Missing, Exile and Helplessness''), tafsiri ya Peter Thompson,Diálogos Books, 2020 == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1940|2016}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufaransa]] hpc8vtctqajg0rqa9c6e55r9722fbfj 0 229409 1615522 1534864 2026-11-08T03:27:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615522 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Omorodion Aghehowa''' (alizaliwa [[5 Mei]], [[2004]]), anayejulikana pia kama '''Samu Omorodion''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya FC Porto inayoshiriki Primeira Liga na pia ni mchezaji wa Timu ya taifa ya Hispania ya mpira wa miguu. Akipitia akademia ya vijana ya Granada CF, alianza kucheza katika timu ya akiba ya klabu hiyo mwaka 2022, kisha akapandishwa timu ya kwanza mwaka 2023. Baadaye alisaini na Atlético Madrid, ambapo mara moja alitolewa kwa mkopo kwenda klabu ya Deportivo Alavés. Mnamo Agosti 2024, alihamia FC Porto kwa ada ya uhamisho ya €15 milioni.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Cariño |first=Carlos |date=18 August 2023 |title=Myrto Uzuni y Samu Omorodion, patrimonio del Granada |url=https://as.com/futbol/myrto-uzuni-y-samu-omorodion-patrimonio-del-granada-n/ |access-date=26 August 2023 |website=Diario AS |language=es-ES |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250223053509/https://as.com/futbol/myrto-uzuni-y-samu-omorodion-patrimonio-del-granada-n/ |archivedate=2025-02-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=https://www.ideal.es/granadacf/samu-granadacf-joven-goleador-20230214164911-nt.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F |title=Samu, el joven goleador al que el Granada quiere atar en corto |trans-title=Samu, the young goalscorer whom Granada want to tie up |publisher=Ideal |language=es |date=14 February 2023 |accessdate=14 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.muchodeporte.com/futbol-provincial/67876/samu-del-nervion-a-sensacion-de-segunda-federacion/ |title=Samu, del Nervión a sensación de Segunda Federación |trans-title=Samu, from Nervión to the sensation of Segunda Federación |publisher=Mucho Deporte |language=es |date=14 February 2023 |accessdate=14 August 2023}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2004|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] ijshidltjfhblgiwtm3uyxmk8d0kvg7 0 229618 1615165 1508083 2026-11-07T12:02:53Z ANTONY ILDEFONS 74003 Malekebisho ya nakala 1615165 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melek Hassan Tourhan''' (27 Oktoba [[1869]] – 4 Februari [[1956]]) alikuwa [[mke]] wa pili wa Sultani Hussein Kamel wa [[Misri]]. Baada ya mume wake kupanda kwenye kiti cha enzi [[mwaka]] 1914, alijulikana kama Sultana Melek.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Melek alizaliwa tarehe 27 Oktoba [[1869]] katika mji wa Istanbul. Alikuwa na [[asili]] ya Kircassia, lakini tofauti na watu wengi wa asili hiyo katika [[Dola]] ya Ottoman, hakuwa mtumwa. [[Mwandishi]] Emine Foat Tugay alimwelezea kama mwanamke mdogo mwenye mvuto mkubwa, mwenye umbo [[Zuri Hall|zuri]] na haiba ya kipekee. Akiwa mtoto, alikuwa dhaifu kiafya na mara nyingi alipelekwa kuishi kwa muda na Neshedil Qadin, [[mke]] wa Khedive Isma'il, ili kupata hewa safi na matunzo bora. [[Baba]] yake, Hasan Tourhan Pasha, alikuwa nahodha katika [[jeshi]] la majini la Ottoman. Akiwa bado mchanga, Melek alitolewa kwa kuasiliwa ili kuboresha maisha yake. Alilelewa na Jeshm Afet Hanim, mke wa tatu wa (Khedive Isma'il Pasha) wa [[Misri]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Ndoa == Mnamo tarehe 26 Desemba [[1886]], aliolewa na Hussein Kamel, [[mtoto]] aliyependwa zaidi wa Khedive. Walipata watoto watatu wa kike: Kadria, Samiha na Badiha.Wakati wa ndoa yao, haikutarajiwa kuwa Hussein Kamel angekuwa mtawala. Hata hivyo, baada ya kuzuka kwa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya [[Dunia]], Uingereza ilimwondoa madarakani Abbas Hilmi II na kumweka Hussein Kamel kuwa mtawala mpya wa Misri. Alipewa cheo cha [[Sultani]] wa Misri, na hivyo Melek akapewa cheo cha Sultana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Ujane == Baada ya kifo cha Hussein Kamel mwaka 1917, mwanawe wa kambo Kamal el Dine Hussein alikataa kurithi kiti cha enzi, na hivyo utawala ukahamia kwa ndugu wa marehemu, Fuad I. Mnamo tarehe 11 Oktoba 1917, Melek aliruhusiwa kuendelea kutumia cheo chake cha Sultana. Mwaka 1932, alipangwa kuwa wa pili katika orodha ya hadhi za kifalme, akifuata Malkia Nazli. Wakati huo, Melek alitambuliwa kama [[Sultana Rezwan Chowdhury|Sultana]] huku Nazli akijulikana kama [[Malkia]] <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref>.Kama mjane, Melek alianza kushiriki zaidi katika matukio ya umma. Alionekana katika hafla mbalimbali rasmi, ikiwa ni pamoja na harusi ya Mfalme Farouk mwaka 1938. Mwaka 1923, alitembelea kaburi la Tutankhamun huko Luxor pamoja na viongozi wa Ulaya. Hakuwahi kuolewa tena, na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake akisafiri kati ya Ulaya, Lebanoni na Luxor. Makazi yake makuu yalikuwa katika kasri lake huko Heliopolis, Cairo<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref>. == Kifo == Melek alifariki tarehe 4 Februari [[1956]] mjini Cairo, baada ya kushuhudia Mapinduzi ya mwaka 1952 yaliyosababisha kuondolewa kwa [[utawala]] wa kifalme nchini Misri.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref> == Heshima == * Nishani ya Al Kemal yenye vito (Misri, [[1915]]).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1869|1956}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Misri]] pcy7iszzjvx3ljnc1iuk4zytrj2z7ac 1615317 1615165 2026-11-07T14:54:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 7 template(s) replaced. 1615317 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melek Hassan Tourhan''' (27 Oktoba [[1869]] – 4 Februari [[1956]]) alikuwa [[mke]] wa pili wa Sultani Hussein Kamel wa [[Misri]]. Baada ya mume wake kupanda kwenye kiti cha enzi [[mwaka]] 1914, alijulikana kama Sultana Melek.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Melek alizaliwa tarehe 27 Oktoba [[1869]] katika mji wa Istanbul. Alikuwa na [[asili]] ya Kircassia, lakini tofauti na watu wengi wa asili hiyo katika [[Dola]] ya Ottoman, hakuwa mtumwa. [[Mwandishi]] Emine Foat Tugay alimwelezea kama mwanamke mdogo mwenye mvuto mkubwa, mwenye umbo [[Zuri Hall|zuri]] na haiba ya kipekee. Akiwa mtoto, alikuwa dhaifu kiafya na mara nyingi alipelekwa kuishi kwa muda na Neshedil Qadin, [[mke]] wa Khedive Isma'il, ili kupata hewa safi na matunzo bora. [[Baba]] yake, Hasan Tourhan Pasha, alikuwa nahodha katika [[jeshi]] la majini la Ottoman. Akiwa bado mchanga, Melek alitolewa kwa kuasiliwa ili kuboresha maisha yake. Alilelewa na Jeshm Afet Hanim, mke wa tatu wa (Khedive Isma'il Pasha) wa [[Misri]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Ndoa == Mnamo tarehe 26 Desemba [[1886]], aliolewa na Hussein Kamel, [[mtoto]] aliyependwa zaidi wa Khedive. Walipata watoto watatu wa kike: Kadria, Samiha na Badiha.Wakati wa ndoa yao, haikutarajiwa kuwa Hussein Kamel angekuwa mtawala. Hata hivyo, baada ya kuzuka kwa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya [[Dunia]], Uingereza ilimwondoa madarakani Abbas Hilmi II na kumweka Hussein Kamel kuwa mtawala mpya wa Misri. Alipewa cheo cha [[Sultani]] wa Misri, na hivyo Melek akapewa cheo cha Sultana.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Ujane == Baada ya kifo cha Hussein Kamel mwaka 1917, mwanawe wa kambo Kamal el Dine Hussein alikataa kurithi kiti cha enzi, na hivyo utawala ukahamia kwa ndugu wa marehemu, Fuad I. Mnamo tarehe 11 Oktoba 1917, Melek aliruhusiwa kuendelea kutumia cheo chake cha Sultana. Mwaka 1932, alipangwa kuwa wa pili katika orodha ya hadhi za kifalme, akifuata Malkia Nazli. Wakati huo, Melek alitambuliwa kama [[Sultana Rezwan Chowdhury|Sultana]] huku Nazli akijulikana kama [[Malkia]] <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref>.Kama mjane, Melek alianza kushiriki zaidi katika matukio ya umma. Alionekana katika hafla mbalimbali rasmi, ikiwa ni pamoja na harusi ya Mfalme Farouk mwaka 1938. Mwaka 1923, alitembelea kaburi la Tutankhamun huko Luxor pamoja na viongozi wa Ulaya. Hakuwahi kuolewa tena, na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake akisafiri kati ya Ulaya, Lebanoni na Luxor. Makazi yake makuu yalikuwa katika kasri lake huko Heliopolis, Cairo<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref>. == Kifo == Melek alifariki tarehe 4 Februari [[1956]] mjini Cairo, baada ya kushuhudia Mapinduzi ya mwaka 1952 yaliyosababisha kuondolewa kwa [[utawala]] wa kifalme nchini Misri.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref> == Heshima == * Nishani ya Al Kemal yenye vito (Misri, [[1915]]).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1869|1956}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Misri]] t7ry23k5d4x8oruitigiqkab9owq3ed 1615328 1615317 2026-11-07T15:42:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615328 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melek Hassan Tourhan''' (27 Oktoba [[1869]] – 4 Februari [[1956]]) alikuwa [[mke]] wa pili wa Sultani Hussein Kamel wa [[Misri]]. Baada ya mume wake kupanda kwenye kiti cha enzi [[mwaka]] 1914, alijulikana kama Sultana Melek.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130031248/http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|archivedate=2010-01-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Melek alizaliwa tarehe 27 Oktoba [[1869]] katika mji wa Istanbul. Alikuwa na [[asili]] ya Kircassia, lakini tofauti na watu wengi wa asili hiyo katika [[Dola]] ya Ottoman, hakuwa mtumwa. [[Mwandishi]] Emine Foat Tugay alimwelezea kama mwanamke mdogo mwenye mvuto mkubwa, mwenye umbo [[Zuri Hall|zuri]] na haiba ya kipekee. Akiwa mtoto, alikuwa dhaifu kiafya na mara nyingi alipelekwa kuishi kwa muda na Neshedil Qadin, [[mke]] wa Khedive Isma'il, ili kupata hewa safi na matunzo bora. [[Baba]] yake, Hasan Tourhan Pasha, alikuwa nahodha katika [[jeshi]] la majini la Ottoman. Akiwa bado mchanga, Melek alitolewa kwa kuasiliwa ili kuboresha maisha yake. Alilelewa na Jeshm Afet Hanim, mke wa tatu wa (Khedive Isma'il Pasha) wa [[Misri]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130031248/http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|archivedate=2010-01-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ndoa == Mnamo tarehe 26 Desemba [[1886]], aliolewa na Hussein Kamel, [[mtoto]] aliyependwa zaidi wa Khedive. Walipata watoto watatu wa kike: Kadria, Samiha na Badiha.Wakati wa ndoa yao, haikutarajiwa kuwa Hussein Kamel angekuwa mtawala. Hata hivyo, baada ya kuzuka kwa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya [[Dunia]], Uingereza ilimwondoa madarakani Abbas Hilmi II na kumweka Hussein Kamel kuwa mtawala mpya wa Misri. Alipewa cheo cha [[Sultani]] wa Misri, na hivyo Melek akapewa cheo cha Sultana.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Egypt's First Ladies|url=http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|work=www.egy.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130031248/http://www.egy.com/historica/egyptianconsorts.shtml|archivedate=2010-01-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ujane == Baada ya kifo cha Hussein Kamel mwaka 1917, mwanawe wa kambo Kamal el Dine Hussein alikataa kurithi kiti cha enzi, na hivyo utawala ukahamia kwa ndugu wa marehemu, Fuad I. Mnamo tarehe 11 Oktoba 1917, Melek aliruhusiwa kuendelea kutumia cheo chake cha Sultana. Mwaka 1932, alipangwa kuwa wa pili katika orodha ya hadhi za kifalme, akifuata Malkia Nazli. Wakati huo, Melek alitambuliwa kama [[Sultana Rezwan Chowdhury|Sultana]] huku Nazli akijulikana kama [[Malkia]] <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref>.Kama mjane, Melek alianza kushiriki zaidi katika matukio ya umma. Alionekana katika hafla mbalimbali rasmi, ikiwa ni pamoja na harusi ya Mfalme Farouk mwaka 1938. Mwaka 1923, alitembelea kaburi la Tutankhamun huko Luxor pamoja na viongozi wa Ulaya. Hakuwahi kuolewa tena, na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake akisafiri kati ya Ulaya, Lebanoni na Luxor. Makazi yake makuu yalikuwa katika kasri lake huko Heliopolis, Cairo<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref>. == Kifo == Melek alifariki tarehe 4 Februari [[1956]] mjini Cairo, baada ya kushuhudia Mapinduzi ya mwaka 1952 yaliyosababisha kuondolewa kwa [[utawala]] wa kifalme nchini Misri.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref> == Heshima == * Nishani ya Al Kemal yenye vito (Misri, [[1915]]).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=00tKmHNrKLQC&pg=RA1-PA140&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|last=Hassan|first=Hassan|date=2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1869|1956}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Misri]] 6kv9jfnvkbfgoj34padhvvwxkbf6zc0 0 229685 1615424 1613887 2026-11-07T20:45:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615424 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nicole Oyeyemisi Payne''' (alizaliwa [[18 Januari]] [[2001]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa ambaye anacheza kama [[Beki|mlinzi]] wa Ligi ya Soka ya Wanawake ya Orlando Pride (NWSL). Alizaliwa Marekani, anaiwakilisha Nigeria katika ngazi ya kimataifa. == Maisha ya awali == Payne alizaliwa na kukulia [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]], [[Alabama]], ambapo alihudhuria Shule ya Upili ya Oak Mountain == Kazi == Payne alisoma Chuo Kikuu cha West Virginia huko Morgantown, [[West Virginia]] kwa miaka mitatu, akihamia Chuo Kikuu cha Southern California kwa mwaka wake wa nne na wa mwisho. Payne alisaini mkataba na Paris Saint-Germain ya Ligi Daraja la 1 ya Ufaransa mnamo Julai 2023. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=20 July 2023|title=Nicole Payne joins Paris Saint-Germain|url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/nicole-payne-signs-for-paris-saint-germain-until-2026|accessdate=18 February 2024|work=Paris Saint-Germain|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720171046/https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/nicole-payne-signs-for-paris-saint-germain-until-2026|archivedate=2023-07-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mechi yake ya kwanza (kati ya nne hadi sasa <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=18 February 2024|title=Nicole Payne loaned out to Portland Thorns FC|url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/nicole-payne-loaned-out-by-paris-saint-germain-to-portland-thorns-fc-2023-2024|accessdate=18 February 2024|work=Paris Saint-Germain|archive-date=2025-01-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250118132821/https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/nicole-payne-loaned-out-by-paris-saint-germain-to-portland-thorns-fc-2023-2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> ) kwa PSG ilikuja kama mchezaji mbadala katika ushindi wa 5-2 dhidi ya Dijon FCO mnamo Novemba 12, 2023, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=14 November 2023|title=Nicole Payne Excited To Make Division One Féminine Debut With PSG|url=https://superfalconsshow.com/nicole-payne-excited-to-make-division-one-feminine-debut-with-psg/|accessdate=18 February 2024|work=Super Falcons Show|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218212945/https://superfalconsshow.com/nicole-payne-excited-to-make-division-one-feminine-debut-with-psg/|archivedate=2024-02-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> huku akianza kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo Januari 20, 2024 katika ushindi wa 8-1 dhidi ya FC Girondins de Bordeaux . <ref name="Portland">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Portland Thorns FC|date=18 February 2024|title=Thorns FC acquire defender Nicole Payne on loan from Paris Saint-Germain|url=https://www.thorns.com/news/thorns-fc-acquire-defender-nicole-payne-on-loan-from-paris-saint-germain|accessdate=18 February 2024|work=Portland Thorns FC|language=}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2024, alikopwa kwa Portland Thorns ya Ligi ya Soka ya Wanawake ya Taifa kwa msimu wa 2024. <ref name="Portland2">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Portland Thorns FC|date=18 February 2024|title=Thorns FC acquire defender Nicole Payne on loan from Paris Saint-Germain|url=https://www.thorns.com/news/thorns-fc-acquire-defender-nicole-payne-on-loan-from-paris-saint-germain|accessdate=18 February 2024|work=Portland Thorns FC|language=}}</ref> Miezi mitano baada ya mkopo wake, Payne alinunuliwa moja kwa moja na Thorns. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Buchanan|first=Ryne|date=2024-07-02|title=Thorns permanently acquire defender Nicole Payne from Paris Saint-Germain|url=https://www.kptv.com/2024/07/02/thorns-permanently-acquire-defender-nicole-payne-paris-saint-germain/|accessdate=2025-12-03|work=KPTV|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo Januari 16, 2026, Orlando Pride ilitangaza kwamba walikuwa wamemsaini Payne kwa mkataba wa mwaka mmoja. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Orlando Pride signs Seven Castain, Cara Martin and Nicole Payne to one-year contracts|url=https://www.orlandocitysc.com/pride/news/orlando-pride-signs-seven-castain-cara-martin-and-nicole-payne-to-one-year-contracts|publisher=[[Orlando Pride]]|accessdate=17 January 2026|date=16 January 2026}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Payne aliitwa kwenye timu ya taifa ya Marekani ya vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 17 mwaka wa 2017. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/08/15/22/17/20170815-news-u17wnt-to-face-england-u17-wnt-twice-in-portland-oregon|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018184251/http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/08/15/22/17/20170815-news-u17wnt-to-face-england-u17-wnt-twice-in-portland-oregon|archivedate=18 October 2017|title=U-17 WNT to Face England Twice in Portland, Oregon - U.S. Soccer}}</ref> Payne alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya kikosi cha wakubwa kwa Nigeria mnamo tarehe 10 Juni 2021 kama mchezaji mbadala dakika ya 90 katika mchezo wa kirafiki dhidi ya Jamaica ambao walipoteza 0-1. <ref name="GSA-Debut">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2021-06-10/jamaica-vs-nigeria/2375811/|title=Match Report of Jamaica vs Nigeria – 2021-06-10 – FIFA Friendlies – Women|work=Global Sports Archive|accessdate=19 June 2021}}</ref> Payne aliitwa kwenye kikosi cha Nigeria kwa ajili ya Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Wanawake la 2022. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thenff.com/2022/06/morocco-2022-waldrum-picks-ebi-oshoala-plumptre-22-others-for-women-afcon/|title=Morocco 2022: Waldrum picks Ebi, Oshoala, Plumptre, 22 others for Women AFCON|publisher=[[Nigeria Football Federation]]|date=25 June 2022|accessdate=26 March 2025|archivedate=19 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719084845/https://www.thenff.com/2022/06/morocco-2022-waldrum-picks-ebi-oshoala-plumptre-22-others-for-women-afcon/}}</ref> Payne aliitwa kwenye kikosi cha Nigeria kwa ajili ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2024. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://thenff.com/paris-2024-olympics-waldrum-picks-ajibade-nnadozie-oshoala-15-others/|title=Paris 2024 Olympics: Waldrum picks Ajibade, Nnadozie, Oshoala, 15 others|publisher=[[Nigeria Football Federation]]|work=thenff.com|date=3 July 2024}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Alizaliwa [[Birmingham, Alabama]], kwa wazazi wa Nigeria, Payne ni dada mdogo wa wachezaji wenzake wa mpira wa miguu Toni Payne na Stephen Payne . Yeye na dada yake Toni wamecheza pamoja katika timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Nigeria . <ref name="GSA-Debut2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2021-06-10/jamaica-vs-nigeria/2375811/|title=Match Report of Jamaica vs Nigeria – 2021-06-10 – FIFA Friendlies – Women|work=Global Sports Archive|accessdate=19 June 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Nigeria]] h8qbo9rrotoqdal5ysm4lo3e4a89kzi 0 230900 1615309 1540420 2026-11-07T14:49:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615309 wikitext text/x-wiki '''María Luisa Ross Landa''' (14 Agosti 1887 – 12 Juni 1945) alikuwa mwandishi wa kifeministi, mwandishi wa habari, mwalimu, mwigizaji na mtumishi wa umma wa [[Meksiko]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa redio ya kitamaduni nchini Meksiko, na mkurugenzi wa kwanza wa [[Radio Educación]]. ==Maisha ya awali== María Luisa Ross Landa alizaliwa [[Pachuca]], Hidalgo tarehe 14 Agosti 1887, ila baadhi ya vyanzo hutaja mahali pa kuzaliwa kuwa [[Tulancingo]].<ref name=elem>{{Rejea tovuti |url=[http://www.elem.mx/autor/datos/958](http://www.elem.mx/autor/datos/958) |title=María Luisa Ross Landa |website=[[Enciclopedia de la literatura en México]] |publisher=[[Secretariat of Culture]] |language=es |access-date=2022-09-28}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=participación>{{Cite thesis |url=[https://repositorio.unam.mx/contenidos/la-participacion-femenina-en-el-periodismo-nacional-durante-la-revolucion-mexicana-1910-1917-71209](https://repositorio.unam.mx/contenidos/la-participacion-femenina-en-el-periodismo-nacional-durante-la-revolucion-mexicana-1910-1917-71209) |title=La participación femenina en el periodismo nacional durante la Revolución Mexicana (1910–1917) |trans-title=Ushiriki wa wanawake katika uandishi wa habari wa kitaifa wakati wa Mapinduzi ya Meksiko (1910–1917) |first=Elvira Laura |last=Hernández Carballido |publisher=[[National Autonomous University of Mexico]] |pages=70–72 |language=es |date=2003 |access-date=2022-09-29 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Hata hivyo, nyaraka alizosaini kama mtumishi wa serikali ya shirikisho pamoja na cheti chake cha kifo zinaonyesha Pachuca.<ref name="Mendiola 9–10">{{Cite thesis |url=[https://uh-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/10657/1102/MENDIOLA-DISSERTATION-2014.pdf](https://uh-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/10657/1102/MENDIOLA-DISSERTATION-2014.pdf) |title=María Luisa Ross en la historia hispana de Estados Unidos |trans-title=María Luisa Ross katika historia ya Kihispania ya Marekani |first=Maria D. |last=Mendiola |publisher=[[University of Houston]] |pages=9–10 |language=es |date=Mei 2014 |access-date=2022-09-28}}</ref> Baadhi ya vyanzo pia hutaja mwaka wa kuzaliwa kuwa 1891.<ref name=Revoluciones>{{Rejea kitabu |url=[https://www.uaeh.edu.mx/investigacion/productos/6824/2013libro-revoluciones-.pdf](https://www.uaeh.edu.mx/investigacion/productos/6824/2013libro-revoluciones-.pdf) |title=2010–1910–1810 Revoluciones femeninas |chapter=María Luisa Ross Landa: mujer de discurso perfecto que logró cautivar a una ciudad y a un beso |trans-chapter=María Luisa Ross Landa: Mwanamke mwenye hotuba kamilifu aliyefaulu kuuteka mji na busu |first=Rosalinda |last=Sandoval Orihuela |publisher=[[Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo]] |isbn=9786074823080 |pages=117–128 |language=es |date=2013 |access-date=2022-09-28}}</ref>}} Alikuwa binti wa Alejandro Ross, daktari wa kijeshi wa asili ya Uskoti, na Elena Landa, mkaguzi wa shule mwenye asili ya Kihispania. Baba yake alikuwa naibu mkurugenzi wa [[General Hospital of Mexico]], mkurugenzi wa Hospitali Kuu ya Pachuca, na alikuwa na uhusiano na serikali ya [[Porfirio Díaz]]. Mama yake alikuwa mkaguzi katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Taifa ya Wasichana huko Pachuca. Hadhi ya kijamii ya familia yao ilimwezesha María Luisa kupata elimu bora ya binafsi, jambo ambalo lilikuwa nadra kwa wanawake wengi wakati huo. Walimu wake walimhamasisha kufuata taaluma ya kitaaluma.<ref name=participación/><ref name="Mendiola 9–10"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1887|1945}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Meksiko]] 1dn0t21q5cct8970fzmkx9jsp7vnk7b 0 232331 1615384 1604385 2026-11-07T18:13:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615384 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moustapha''' '''Mamy''' '''Diaby''' ni [[mhandisi]], mfanyabiashara, na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Guinea]] aliyebobea katika masuala ya teknolojia na mawasiliano. Amekuwa mhimili muhimu katika mapinduzi ya kidijitali nchini Guinea katika muongo mmoja uliopita.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Qui est Moustapha Mamy Diaby, nouveau Ministre des Postes, Télécommunications et de l’Economie Numérique ? - Guineematin.com|url=https://guineematin.com/2016/01/05/qui-est-moustapha-mamy-diaby-nouveau-ministre-des-postes-telecommunications-et-de-leconomie-numerique/|date=2016-01-05|accessdate=2026-05-07|language=fr-FR|author=admin|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260518200144/https://guineematin.com/2016/01/05/qui-est-moustapha-mamy-diaby-nouveau-ministre-des-postes-telecommunications-et-de-leconomie-numerique/|archivedate=2026-05-18|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Décret : voici la liste complète des 33 nouveaux membres du Gouvernement - Guineematin.com|url=https://guineematin.com/2016/01/04/decret-voici-la-liste-complete-des-33-nouveaux-membres-du-gouvernement/|date=2016-01-04|accessdate=2026-05-07|language=fr-FR|author=admin|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260518175212/https://guineematin.com/2016/01/04/decret-voici-la-liste-complete-des-33-nouveaux-membres-du-gouvernement/|archivedate=2026-05-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 942jfzmzo9w692oo99kl5snilovfhr2 0 232811 1615590 1538713 2026-11-08T07:36:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615590 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thérèse''' '''King''' (15 Julai 1934 huko Ziguinchor – 16 Aprili 2015 huko Dakar) alikuwa [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] wa [[Senegal]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Afya ya Umma kuanzia tarehe 5 Aprili 1988 hadi tarehe 27 Machi 1990 chini ya urais wa Abdou Diouf. Alikuwa mmoja wa wanawake wa kwanza kuwa mawaziri wa serikali nchini Senegal, na mwanamke wa pili kushika nafasi ya Waziri wa Afya ya Umma baada ya Marie Sarr Mbodj.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Anciens ministres {{!}} MINISTÈRE DE LA SANTÉ ET DE L'ACTION SOCIALE|url=https://www.sante.gouv.sn/anciens-ministres|work=www.sante.gouv.sn|accessdate=2026-05-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260421195629/https://www.sante.gouv.sn/anciens-ministres|archivedate=2026-04-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] eqzv14ysec01xmumvm8orvga9j39frt 0 232849 1615325 1538641 2026-11-07T15:32:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615325 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maïmouna Dieye''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanaharakati]] wa Senegal. Yeye ni Waziri wa sasa wa Familia na Mshikamano wa Senegal, nafasi ambayo ameishikilia tangu alipoingia madarakani tarehe 5 [[Aprili]] 2024. Ni mwanachama mashuhuri wa chama cha PASTEF, na ndiye [[rais]] wa harakati za kitaifa za [[wanawake]] wa chama hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Passation de Services au Ministère de la Famille : Madame Maimouna DIEYE prend les rênes {{!}} Ministère de la Famille et des Solidarité|url=https://devcommunautaire.gouv.sn/actualite/passation-de-services-au-ministere-de-la-famille-madame-maimouna-dieye-prend-les-renes|work=devcommunautaire.gouv.sn|accessdate=2026-05-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251124182523/https://devcommunautaire.gouv.sn/actualite/passation-de-services-au-ministere-de-la-famille-madame-maimouna-dieye-prend-les-renes|archivedate=2025-11-24|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ECOWAS officials exchange views with Senegal’s Minister for the Family on the project to build a sanitary napkin manufacturing unit in Senegal. – ECOWAS Gender Development Centre|url=https://ecowasgender.org/des-officiels-de-la-cedeao-echangent-avec-la-ministre-senegalaise-de-la-famille-sur-le-projet-de-construction-dune-unite-de-fabrication-de-serviettes-hygieniques-au-senegal/|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Senegal]] nld4kgv6nu6f2yfs33y0oh9wu9mbii6 0 234788 1615466 1549650 2026-11-07T23:03:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615466 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Matulessy''' (8 Juni 1783 – 16 Desemba 1817), anayejulikana pia kama '''Kapitan Pattimura''' au kwa kifupi '''Pattimura''', alikuwa askari mashuhuri kutoka kwa Watu wa Ambon aliyekuwa kielelezo muhimu cha harakati za upinzani dhidi ya ukoloni katika Maluku na baadaye akawa alama ya Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya [[Indonesia]]. Alitangazwa kuwa Shujaa wa Kitaifa wa Indonesia na Rais Suharto tarehe 6 Novemba 1973.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Mutiarasari|first=Kanya Anindita|title=Pattimura Pahlawan Nasional dari Tanah Maluku, Ini Sosoknya|url=&#91;https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5805536/pattimura-pahlawan-nasional-dari-tanah-maluku-ini-sosoknya|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2026-02-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003044626/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5805536/pattimura-pahlawan-nasional-dari-tanah-maluku-ini-sosoknya|archivedate=2023-10-03|url-status=dead}}](https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5805536/pattimura-pahlawan-nasional-dari-tanah-maluku-ini-sosoknya|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2026-02-23}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] hv0vurt60q9yhgaik8vehizfmwfzc04 0 237721 1615435 1597509 2026-11-07T21:46:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615435 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Omar Ali Abdillahi''' (Kisomali: ''Cumar Cali Cabdillaahi'') ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Somalia. Aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Afya wa Somaliland tarehe 14 Aprili 2019, ambapo alihusika katika usimamizi wa [[sera]] na huduma za afya nchini Somaliland.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hon. Omar A. Ali, the Somaliland Minister of Health Development paid a Visit to Amoud University|url=https://www.med.amouduniversity.org/k2-listing/item/736-hon-omar-a-ali-the-somaliland-minister-of-health-development-paid-a-visit-to-amoud-university|work=www.med.amouduniversity.org|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-gb|author=Amoud Web Team|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260217212556/https://www.med.amouduniversity.org/k2-listing/item/736-hon-omar-a-ali-the-somaliland-minister-of-health-development-paid-a-visit-to-amoud-university|archivedate=2026-02-17|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=First Health Expo to open in Somaliland- Health Minister|url=https://somalilandstandard.com/first-health-expo-to-open-in-somaliland-health-minister/|work=Somaliland Standard|date=2019-10-08|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=admin}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Somalia]] biuf5l6qqeafhk3lnqqly60b81n0zkm 0 238044 1615378 1574096 2026-11-07T17:45:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615378 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammad Motazad Bahri''' (1918 – 2007) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] alihudumu kama Katibu Mkuu wa tatu wa [[Chama cha Rastakhiz]] kuanzia tarehe 7 Agosti 1977 hadi 20 Januari 1978, na baadaye akawa Waziri wa Sheria kuanzia tarehe 27 Agosti 1978 hadi 29 Oktoba 1978.<ref>[http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=1083&doc_cat=7 iichs] {{Wayback|url=http://iichs.org/index.asp?id=1083&doc_cat=7 |date=20260404113815 }},.</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.ghazavatonline.com/18784/biography-dr-mohammad-motazed-baheri-shirazi/ |title=ghazavatonline |accessdate=2026-05-23 |archive-date=2019-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526154703/https://www.ghazavatonline.com/18784/biography-dr-mohammad-motazed-baheri-shirazi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://fis-iran.org/en/content/baheri-mohammad|website=fis-iran.org|access-date=2019-05-27|title=Baheri, Mohammad &#124; Foundation for Iranian Studies}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1918|2007}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Iran]] mi6dtorw69mrwg7oh2hvcc8zpl1vhvm 0 240607 1615351 1613853 2026-11-07T16:48:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615351 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Grand Coulee Dam spillway.jpg|thumb|Njia ya kutolea maji ya ziada kwenye Bwawa la Grand Coulee]] '''Miundombinu ya maji''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''water infrastructure'') ni mfumo mpana wa miundo ya kihandisi, vifaa, na mitambo inayojengwa kwa ajili ya kukusanya, kusafisha, kuhifadhi, kusafirisha, na kusambaza maji kwa jamii, pamoja na kukusanya na kutibu majitaka. Mfumo huu ni nguzo muhimu katika maendeleo ya kiuchumi na afya ya jamii, ukihusisha usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji kuanzia kwenye vyanzo vya asili hadi yanapomfikia mlaji na hatimaye yanaporudishwa mazingirani baada ya matumizi.<ref>https://britannica.com – Ensaiklopidia ya Britannica inayofafanua vipengele na mifumo yote ya miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji.</ref> == Historia ya Miundombinu ya Maji == Miundombinu ya maji imekuwepo tangu zamani za kale. [[Roma ya Kale]] ilijenga mifumo ya mabomba ya kupeleka [[maji]] kwenye [[miji]] yake kupitia njia za maji zinazoitwa aqueducts. Baadaye, [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]] zilijenga mifumo ya kwanza ya kisasa ya kusafirisha maji katika karne ya 19.<ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1344&context=thesesdissertations|title=Hydro-infrastructure History|publisher=University of Nevada|access-date=2026-06-10}}</ref> Mwaka 1804, kiwanda cha kwanza cha kusafisha [[maji]] kilijengwa [[Scotland]] na kilisaidia sana katika kuupatia umma [[maji]] safi. Mwaka 1972, [[Marekani]] ilipitisha Sheria ya Maji Safi (Clean Water Act) iliyowataka [[miji]] yote kuwa na vituo vya kusafisha [[maji]]. Mwaka 1974, Sheria ya Maji Salama (Safe Water Act) iliweka kanuni za kwanza za kutoa [[maji]] safi kwa kila mtu.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1344&context=thesesdissertations|title=Hydro-infrastructure History|publisher=University of Nevada|access-date=2026-06-10}}</ref> == Mifumo ya uhifadhi na usambazaji == [[Mabwawa]] ya kuhifadhi maji (reservoirs) ni sehemu muhimu ya miundombinu ya maji. Mabwawa haya hutoa [[maji]] wakati wa mahitaji makubwa (kama wakati wa kiangazi), husaidia katika kuzima [[moto]], na hudhibiti shinikizo katika mfumo wa usambazaji. Mabwawa yanaweza kujengwa [[chini ya ardhi]] (kwa kutumia [[tangi]] chini ya [[nyumba]]) au [[juu ya ardhi]] (kwenye minara).<ref>{{cite web|title=Distribution Systems|publisher=Water.mecc.edu|url=https://water.mecc.edu/courses/ENV115/Distribution_print.pdf|access-date=2026-06-10}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kuna mifumo miwili mikuu ya usambazaji wa [[maji]]: * Mfumo wa matawi (Branched system) - Mifumo hii hufanana na [[tawi]] la [[mti]], ambapo [[mabomba]] madogo hujitokeza kutoka mabomba makubwa. Mfumo huu hutumika zaidi katika maeneo ya [[vijijini]]. * Mfumo wa matundu (Grid/Loop system) - Mifumo hii ina mabomba yaliyounganishwa kwa namna ya [[matundu]] (loops) katika eneo lote. Mfumo huu hutumika zaidi katika maeneo ya [[miji]] mikubwa kwani unatoa uhakika zaidi iwapo [[bomba]] moja litavunjika. == Changamoto za Miundombinu ya Maji Duniani == Kwa mujibu wa ripoti ya [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] (WHO) na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] (UN-Water), miundombinu ya maji katika nchi nyingi bado ni duni.<ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Miundombinu ya maji katika nchi nyingi bado ni duni|publisher=UN News|date=2019-08-27|url=https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|access-date=2026-06-10|archive-date=2026-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610095040/https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mipango ya miji ya kisasa na utunzaji wa mazingira, changamoto kubwa inayokabili miundombinu ya maji ni uchakavu wa mifumo ya zamani, ongezeko la haraka la idadi ya watu mijini, na athari za [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] zinazosababisha ukame wa muda mrefu au mafuriko makubwa. Wahandisi na serikali hujikita katika kubadili mifumo ya zamani na kuweka miundombinu thabiti (resilient infrastructure) inayotumia teknolojia ya kidijitali, kama vile sensa za kubaini uvujaji wa maji (smart water grids) na mifumo ya uvunaji wa maji ya mvua. * Ukosefu wa Uwekezaji - Utafiti uliofanyika mwaka 2019 katika [[nchi]] 115 ukijumuisha [[watu]] bilioni 4.5 umeonesha udhaifu mkubwa katika ufadhili na uwekezaji kwenye sekta ya maji. [[Nchi]] 19 ziliripoti kasoro ya asilimia 60 ya ufadhili, ilhali ni chini ya asilimia 15 ya [[nchi]] zilizo na fedha zinazoweza kufadhili mipango yao. * Athari za Uhaba wa Miundombinu - Dkt. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa WHO, amesema kuwa watu wengi sana hawapati [[maji]] safi ya kunywa na huduma za kujisafi, hali inayowaweka katika hatari ya [[maambukizi]] na pia kuhujumu maendeleo katika sekta ya [[afya]] ya umma. Kwa upande mwingine, [[maji taka]] yasiyotibiwa vizuri hutiririka kwenye [[mito]] na [[maziwa]], na kusababisha magonjwa kama [[kibofu]] na [[kuhara]]. Watu wengi hata hivyo hawawezi kumudu gharama za kuunganisha [[nyumba]] zao kwenye mtandao wa [[maji]] safi kutokana na umaskini.<ref>{{cite web|title=Miundombinu ya maji katika nchi nyingi bado ni duni|publisher=UN News|date=2019-08-27|url=https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|access-date=2026-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610095040/https://news.un.org/sw/audio/2019/08/1066251|archivedate=2026-06-10|url-status=dead}}</ref> Vilevile, kuna msisitizo unaoongezeka wa kutumia miundombinu ya kijani kama vile kurejesha ardhi-nyevu ya asili (luteka) na [[Uwanda wa mafuriko|nyanda za mafuriko]] ili kusaidia mifumo ya kihandisi ya zege katika kuchuja na kudhibiti mtiririko wa maji kwa njia endelevu. Juhudi hizi ni nguzo muhimu katika kuhakikisha usalama wa muda mrefu wa rasilimali za maji barani [[Afrika]].<ref>https://unep.org – Ripoti ya UNEP kuhusu changamoto na suluhisho endelevu za miundombinu ya maji duniani kote.</ref> == SDG 6 na Malengo ya 2030 == Ripoti hiyo imebaini kuwa uwepo wa [[Malengo ya Maendeleo Endelevu]] (SDGs), hususan Lengo namba 6, umesaidia kuimarisha huduma za [[maji]] safi na kujisafi. Takribani asilimia 50 ya [[nchi]] zilizofanyiwa utafiti kwa sasa zimeweka malengo ya [[maji]] safi na salama ya kunywa yanayolenga kufikia viwango vya juu ifikapo mwaka 2030.<ref>{{cite web|title=SDG 6 Synthesis Report on Water and Sanitation|publisher=UN Water|url=https://hlpf.un.org/sites/default/files/documents/2023/2023%20UN%20Water%20SDG%206%20Synthesis%20Report.pdf|access-date=2026-06-10|archive-date=2023-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807003131/https://hlpf.un.org/sites/default/files/documents/2023/2023%20UN%20Water%20SDG%206%20Synthesis%20Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Usambazaji wa Maji Tanzania == Serikali ya [[Tanzania]] imefanya juhudi kubwa katika kuimarisha miundombinu ya maji nchini. * Maendeleo ya Upatikanaji wa Maji - Hali ya upatikanaji wa huduma ya maji safi na salama imeongezeka kutoka asilimia 53 mwaka 2015 hadi kufikia asilimia 70 mwaka 2024. Kwa upande wa mjini, upatikanaji wa maji uko kati ya asilimia 82 hadi 95, inatofautiana kati ya [[mji]] mmoja na mwingine. Kwa upande wa vijijini, jumla ya [[vijiji]] 560 kati ya vijiji 651 vinavyosimamiwa na Wakala wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira Vijijini (RUWASA) vina [[miradi]] ya [[maji]] ya [[bomba]] inayohudumia wakazi wapatao 1,844,097 kati ya 2,634,423 sawa na asilimia 70 ya wakazi wote wa [[Mkoa wa Kagera]] wanaoishi maeneo ya vijijini. * Uwekezaji katika Miundombinu ya Maji - Kwa kipindi cha miaka minne (2020 hadi 2024), Serikali ya [[Tanzania]] imetoa Tsh. 69,370,644,767.82 (zaidi ya bilioni 69) kwa ajili ya ujenzi wa miundombinu ya maji. Pia, juhudi mbalimbali zimeendelea kuchukuliwa za kukarabati na kuboresha [[miradi]] chakavu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Huduma za Maji - Mkoa wa Kagera|publisher=Ofisi ya Rais TAMISEMI|url=https://kagera.go.tz/en/huduma-za-maji|access-date=2026-06-10|archive-date=2026-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610095043/https://kagera.go.tz/en/huduma-za-maji|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Mtambo wa kusafisha maji]] * [[Uhandisi wa maji]] * [[Usafishaji wa maji]] * [[Uchafuzi wa maji]] * [[Maendeleo endelevu]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} {{mbegu-teknolojia}} [[Jamii:teknolojia]] [[Jamii:Maji]] [[Jamii:AWC 2026]] 7mp1opi5842md5ftef7c2ny69clr3za 0 241294 1615376 1595404 2026-11-07T17:30:41Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | name = Shirika la Kitaifa la Usambazaji Maji Salama Vijijini | native_name = Agence Nationale d'Approvisionnement en Eau Potable en Milieu Rural | abbreviation = ANAEPMR | formation = 2017 | type = Taasisi ya umma | headquarters = [[Cotonou]], [[Benin]] | parent_organization = Ofisi ya Rais wa Jamhuri ya Benin }} '''Shirika la Kitaifa la Usambazaji Maji Salama Vijijini''' (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: ''Agence Nationale d'Approvisionnement en Eau Potable en Milieu Rural'', kifupi '''ANAEPMR''') ni taasisi ya umma ya [[Benin]] iliyo chini ya Ofisi ya Rais wa Jamhuri.<ref name="catis">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=CatIS - Institution - Agence Nationale d'Approvisionnement en Eau Potable en Milieu Rural|url=https://catis.xroad.bj/institutions/IN00204|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> Lilianzishwa mwaka 2017 ili kusimamia upatikanaji wa [[maji]] safi na salama katika maeneo ya vijijini.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Décret N° 2017-039 du 25 janvier 2017|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/doc/decret-2017-039/|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> Makao yake makuu yako [[Cotonou]].<ref name="catis" /> == Historia == Agizo la Rais Na. 2017-039 la tarehe 25 Januari 2017 liliidhinisha kuanzishwa kwa shirika hili.<ref name=":2"/> Tarehe 13 Desemba 2017, Sylvain Adokpo Migan aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wake.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Décret N° 2017-585 du 13 décembre 2017|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/doc/decret-2017-585/|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> Mwezi Juni 2022 alikabidhiwa pia uongozi wa Shirika la Taifa la Maji la Benin (SONEB).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Cochimau S.|last=Houngbadji|title=Bénin: Camille Dansou quitte la Direction générale de la Soneb|url=https://beninwebtv.com/benin-camille-dansou-quitte-la-direction-generale-de-la-soneb/|date=2022-06-27|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> == Misheni na majukumu == === Misheni === Shirika lina jukumu la kuendeleza na kuratibu usimamizi wa rasilimali za serikali katika maeneo ya vijijini, ili kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji safi na salama kwa wananchi wote wa Benin.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2"/><ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Affermage/sous-secteur eau potable en milieu rural au Bénin : Sylvain Adokpo-Migan clarifie|url=https://matinlibre.com/2019/05/14/affermage-sous-secteur-eau-potable-en-milieu-rural-au-benin-sylvain-adokpo-migan-clarifie/|date=2019-05-15|accessdate=2023-06-18|archive-date=2023-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618190730/https://matinlibre.com/2019/05/14/affermage-sous-secteur-eau-potable-en-milieu-rural-au-benin-sylvain-adokpo-migan-clarifie/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Majukumu === Katika kutekeleza misheni yake, shirika linawajibika kufanya kazi zifuatazo:<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Agence Nationale d’Approvisionnement en Eau Potable en Milieu Rural|url=https://eau-mines.gouv.bj/anaepmr/|accessdate=2023-06-18|archive-date=2023-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618190733/https://eau-mines.gouv.bj/anaepmr/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|first=Akpédjé|last=Ayosso|title=De l'eau potable pour les populations en milieu rural|url=https://www.24haubenin.info/?De-l-eau-portable-pour-les-populations-en-milieu-rural|date=2023-03-05|accessdate=2023-06-18|archive-date=2023-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618190734/https://www.24haubenin.info/?De-l-eau-portable-pour-les-populations-en-milieu-rural|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Programme d’accès universel à l’approvisionnement en eau en milieu rural du Bénin|url=https://www.food-security.net/projet/programme-dacces-universel-a-lapprovisionnement-en-eau-en-milieu-rural-du-benin/|accessdate=2023-06-18|archive-date=2023-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618190735/https://www.food-security.net/projet/programme-dacces-universel-a-lapprovisionnement-en-eau-en-milieu-rural-du-benin/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Approvisionnement en eau potable Le Dg de l' Anaepmr sur les chantiers|url=https://www.quotidienlematin.net/article/contenu.php?id=607|accessdate=2023-06-18|archive-date=2023-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618190731/https://www.quotidienlematin.net/article/contenu.php?id=607|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Infrastructures - Le groupe Eranove et ses partenaires obtiennent un contrat de gestion de service public d’eau potable au Bénin|url=https://minutes-eco.com/news/2304-infrastructures-le-groupe-eranove-et-ses-partenaires-obtiennent-un-contrat-de-gestion-de-service-public-d-eau-potable-au-benin|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=M.marteau|title=Bénin : ERANOVE, UDUMA et VERGNET HYDRO vont délivrer un service de l’eau potable continu à 9,3 millions de Béninois à l’horizon 2030|url=https://www.uduma.net/benin-lancement-service-eau-potable/|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Programme Universel d’accès à l’eau potable en milieu rural : A l’attention de tous les maires le Gouvernement rappelle le tarif de l’eau potable en milieu rural|url=https://lemondelocal.com/?p=7623|date=2023-03-05|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Bénin/Eau potable : Eranove décroche un contrat de gestion déléguée|url=https://afrimag.net/benin-eau-potable-et-distribution-le-gouvernement-signe-un-contrat-avec-un-consortium/|date=2022-04-13|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Sonede|last=International|title=Signature du contrat de mise en affermage des ouvrages hydrauliques d’AEP en milieu rural au Bénin|url=https://www.sonede-inter.com/signature-du-contrat-de-mise-en-affermage-des-ouvrages-hydrauliques-dapprovisionnement-en-potable-en-milieu-rural-au-benin/|date=2022-04-14|accessdate=2023-06-18}}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=Miodjou|title=Bénin : l'eau potable bientôt disponible pour les ménages ruraux|url=https://miodjou.com/2023/03/05/benin-leau-potable-bientot-disponible-pour-les-menages-ruraux/|date=2023-03-05|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Africa|last=Mutandi|title=Bénin : Eranove signe trois contrats d’affermage pour la production et la distribution d’eau potable en milieu rural|url=https://africamutandi.com/benin-eranove-signe-trois-contrats-daffermage-pour-la-production-et-la-distribution-deau-potable-en-milieu-rural/|date=2022-05-03|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Eau potable en milieu rural: le Bénin signe 03 contrats d’affermage|url=https://www.banouto.info/article/securite-humaine/20220411-eau-potable-en-milieu-rural-le-benin-signe-03-contrats-d-affermage|date=2018-01-21|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Benin: trois contrats d’affermage des ouvrages hydrauliques d’alimentation en eau potable en milieu rural signés|url=https://croissanceafrique.com/benin-trois-contrats-daffermage-des-ouvrages-hydrauliques-dalimentation-en-eau-potable-en-milieu-rural-signes/|date=2022-04-13|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> * Kupanga, kuratibu na kufanya tafiti, pamoja na kusimamia ufadhili na ujenzi wa miundombinu muhimu ya uvunaji, uzalishaji, usafirishaji, na usambazaji wa maji safi na salama, kwa kuzingatia viwango vya ubora vilivyowekwa. * Kuhakikisha upanuzi na ukarabati wa miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji, kudhibiti ubora wa uendeshaji, pamoja na kulinda uwezo wa uzalishaji na utoaji wa huduma za maji safi kwa umma. * Kusimamia na kuratibu kazi, shughuli na miradi yote inayotekelezwa, iwe inahusiana moja kwa moja au la, na majukumu yaliyotajwa hapo juu. * Kufanya kazi nyingine zote zinazoendana na malengo na madhumuni ya kuanzishwa kwa shirika hili. == Muundo == Shirika lina vyombo viwili vya uongozi:<ref name=":2"/> * Bodi ya Wakurugenzi; * Kurugenzi Kuu, inayoshughulikia uendeshaji. === Bodi ya Wakurugenzi === Shirika linasimamiwa na Bodi ya Wakurugenzi, ambayo inaundwa na jumla ya wajumbe saba:<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Décret N° 2017-060 du 10 février 2017|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/doc/decret-2017-060/|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> * Wawakilishi wawili kutoka Urais wa Jamhuri; * Mwakilishi mmoja kutoka Wizara inayohusika na Maji; * Mwakilishi mmoja kutoka Wizara inayohusika na Uchumi na Fedha; * Mwakilishi mmoja kutoka Wizara inayohusika na Mipango na Maendeleo; * Mwakilishi mmoja kutoka Wizara inayohusika na Ugatuzi wa Madaraka na Utawala wa Mitaa; * Mwakilishi mmoja kutoka Chama cha Kitaifa cha Manispaa za Benin. Bodi inaongozwa na mwakilishi kutoka Ofisi ya Rais wa Jamhuri. Wajumbe wa bodi hiyo huteuliwa kupitia Agizo la Rais katika kikao cha Baraza la Mawaziri, kwa kuzingatia mapendekezo kutoka kwa taasisi wanazoziwakilisha. Wajumbe hawa wanateuliwa kwa kipindi cha miaka mitatu, na muda wao wa kuhudumu unaweza kuongezwa kwa muhula mmoja zaidi. === Kurugenzi Kuu === Mkurugenzi Mkuu, ambaye anapaswa kuwa na uzoefu wa kitaalamu wa angalau miaka kumi, ndiye anayesimamia uendeshaji wa shirika. Uteuzi wake unafanywa kupitia Agizo la Rais linalotolewa katika kikao cha Baraza la Mawaziri, kwa kuzingatia mapendekezo kutoka kwa Bodi ya Wakurugenzi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Coordination OmiDelta - GIRE|url=https://rsr.akvo.org/organisation/4985/iati/|accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Maji]] [[Jamii:Benin]] 13rnjt9k3l2vikdir1zteoialnl6ah6 0 242799 1615408 1612402 2026-11-07T19:17:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615408 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Kamerun |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Kamerun]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo: | style="padding: 3px;" | Makossa, bikutsi, afropop, hip-hop na injili |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Balafon, ngoma, gitaa, besi na ala za shaba |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Kitovu: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Douala]] na [[Yaoundé]] |} '''Muziki wa Kamerun''' unajumuisha mila na mitindo mbalimbali inayoeleza historia na utamaduni wa jamii zake. Kamerun ina nafasi ya pekee barani Afrika ikiwa chimbuko la mitindo maarufu kama makossa na bikutsi, na imechangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika maendeleo ya muziki wa Afrika.<ref name="Minac">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.minac-gouv.com/arts-spectacles/musique|title=Musique|work=Ministère des Arts et de la Culture du Cameroun|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=fr}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Makossa == Makossa ni mtindo wa muziki maarufu ulioanzia mjini Douala mnamo miaka ya 1950 na 1960. Mtindo huu unachanganya midundo ya asili ya Sawa, highlife ya Ghana na muziki wa soul, ukijulikana zaidi kwa sauti zenye nguvu za gitaa la besi na ala za shaba.<ref name="Minac" /> Manu Dibango aliuingiza mtindo wa makossa kwenye anga za kimataifa kupitia wimbo wake maarufu “Soul Makossa” wa mwaka 1972.<ref name="Minac" /> Baadaye, wasanii kama Petit-Pays, Ben Decca na Ndedi Eyango waliendeleza na kuuboresha mtindo huo.<ref name="Minac" /> == Bikutsi == Bikutsi ni mtindo wenye mdundo wa haraka na dansi inayotoka kwa jamii ya Beti iliyo katikati mwa Kamerun. Bikutsi ilitafsiriwa kuwa muziki wa kisasa mnamo miaka ya 1980 na kundi la Les Têtes Brûlées kwa kutumia magitaa ya umeme yenye kasi kubwa.<ref name="Minac" /> Hadi leo, Bikutsi inasalia kuwa miongoni mwa mitindo pendwa zaidi nchini humo, ikiwakilishwa kimataifa na wasanii kama Lady Ponce, K-Tino na Coco Argentée.<ref name="Minac" /> == Afropop, hip-hop na injili == Afropop ya Kamerun inachanganya miondoko ya nyumbani na mitindo ya kisasa ya kimataifa kupitia wasanii kama Locko, Daphne, Blanche Bailly na Salatiel.<ref name="Minac" /> Hip-hop ya nchi hiyo ilipata kasi kubwa kuanzia miaka ya 2010, ikiongozwa na Jovi (aliyagundua mtindo wa "Mboko rap") na Stanley Enow, ambaye wimbo wake "Hein Père" wa mwaka 2013 ulikuwa wa kwanza kutoka Kamerun kufikisha watazamaji milioni moja kwenye mtandao wa YouTube.<ref name="Minac" /> Muziki wa injili pia una nguvu kubwa mijini Yaoundé na Douala kupitia wasanii kama Charlotte Dipanda na Princesse Morane.<ref name="Minac" /> == Urithi wa UNESCO == Mnamo mwaka 2025, Shirika la UNESCO liliorodhesha ''Mvet Oyeng''—sanaa ya muziki, desturi na ujuzi wa jadi wa jamii ya Ekang—kwenye Orodha ya Urithi wa Utamaduni Usiogusika wa Binadamu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cameroon-CM|title=Cameroon – UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage|work=UNESCO|accessdate=26 Oktoba 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Kamerun| ]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Afrika ya Kati]] iceik89w0ozutdlvurqhkoqkeat49y9 0 244967 1615618 1598665 2026-11-08T08:19:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615618 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image: Tropenbos RDC.png|thumb|300 px|Nembo ya Tropenbos DRC.]] '''Tropenbos DRC''' ni shirika lisilo la kiserikali la [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] linalofanya kazi katika sekta ya mazingira na mwanachama wa mtandao wa kimataifa wa Tropenbos<ref>''Our impact'', https://www.tropenbos.org, 2025, consulté le 12 aout 2026</ref>. Lina uzoefu wa zaidi ya miaka 15 katika nyanja mbalimbali kuanzia utawala na huduma za afya hadi kilimo, ulinzi wa mazingira, udijitali, ajira, amani na usalama, na uhifadhi na usimamizi endelevu wa misitu ili kuboresha hali ya maisha ya watu katika Mkoa wa Tshopo, Mongala na Ituri nchini DRC<ref name="Wineur 1">''A propos'', https://www.tropenbosrdc.org/fr/a-propos/, 2025, Consulté le 12 aout 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref>'''Charles Mpoyi''', ''Ten Years of Impact: Tropenbos DR Congo as a Driver of Inclusive Forest Governance'', https://www.tropenbosrdc.org/news/ten-years-of-impact-tropenbos-dr-congo-as-a-driver-of-inclusive-forest-governance/, 2025, |consulté le=12 aout 2026</ref>. Lengo kuu ni kukuza matumizi ya taarifa za kuaminika na za kutosha, ili kuwawezesha washirika wa misitu kuunda na kutekeleza sera zinazofaa za kusimamia misitu kwa njia endelevu, zikihudumia maendeleo ya kijamii na kiuchumi na uhifadhi wa mifumo ikolojia <ref name="Wineur 1"/>. Dhamira ni kuboresha utawala na usimamizi wa misitu ya kitropiki kwa manufaa ya watu, bioanuwai na maendeleo endelevu<ref>''Joinforwater'', ''Our impact'', https://joinforwater.ngo/fr/partners/tropenbos-rdc/, 2017, consulté le 12 aout 2026</ref>. Tunahakikisha kwamba maarifa na ushahidi vinatumika vyema katika utungaji sera na usimamizi wa misitu ili kukuza uhifadhi na mchango wao kwa maendeleo endelevu<ref name="Wineur 1" />. ==Historia== Kimataifa, Tropenbos iliundwa mwaka wa 1986 na wanafunzi wa Uholanzi ambao walikuwa na wasiwasi mkubwa kuhusu ukataji miti na uharibifu wa misitu ya mvua ya kitropiki<ref name="tropenbosrdc by ALM">'''Tropenbos''', ''Tropenbos : "Mettre le savoir au service de l’homme et des forêts"'', https://www.tropenbosrdc.org/fr/a-propos, 2025, consulté le 12 août 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="tropenbosrdc by LOULA">'''Tropenbos''', ''Tropenbos RDC : "La visite du Conseiller politique de l’Ambassade des Pays-Bas renforce l’engagement communautaire pour la protection de la biodiversité"'', https://www.tropenbosrdc.org/fr/, 18 novembre 2025 consulté le 12 août 2026</ref>. Imeanzishwa katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kong]] tangu 2010, na mnamo 2017 ikawa chombo huru chini ya sheria ya Kongo, ikifuatilia lengo la kukuza matumizi ya taarifa za kuaminika na muhimu ili kuwawezesha wadau katika sekta ya misitu kukuza na kutekeleza sera zinazofaa kwa ajili ya usimamizi endelevu wa misitu, huku ikihakikisha matumizi bora ya maendeleo ya kijamii na kiuchumi na uhifadhi wa mifumo ikolojia ya kimataifa<ref name="tropenbosrdc by ALM" />{{,}}<ref name="tropenbosrdc by AdamLynnMcGill007">'''Tropenbos''', ''Tropenbos : "Projects"'', https://www.tropenbosrdc.org/projects/?language=fr, consulté le 12 août 2026</ref>. ==Matarajio ya Baadaye== Inatafuta kunufaika na programu mbalimbali za usaidizi zinazohusiana na ulinzi na uhifadhi wa maliasili, ikiwa ni pamoja na maji na misitu, na kupambana na kutokujali kwa uhalifu wa mazingira, na hivyo kuwezesha ukuzaji wa ujuzi kwa wawezeshaji.<ref name="tropenbosrdc by AdamLynnMcGill007" />{{,}}<ref name="tropenbosrdc by AdamLynnMcGill007 Adam NTUMBA MBAYI">'''Redaction''', Jean-Claude FUNDI ASSUMANI, 30 octobre 2025, ''Tropenbos RDC en mission de terrain : "cap sur la durabilité et l'appropriation locale des écosystèmes forestiers"'', https://www.boyomainfo.com/tropenbos-rdc-en-mission-de-terrain-cap-sur-la-durabilite-et-lappropriation-locale-des-ecosystemes-forestiers/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.boyomainfo.com/tropenbos-rdc-en-mission-de-terrain-cap-sur-la-durabilite-et-lappropriation-locale-des-ecosystemes-forestiers/ |date=20260814034846 }}, www.boyomainfo.com, année=2025, consulté le 12 août 2026</ref>. ==Mandhari== * Utawala wa Misitu * Misitu ya Jamii * Maisha * Kilimo Misitu * Jumuiya Uhifadhi * Jinsia na Ushirikishwaji wa Jamii * Hali ya Hewa na NDC == Tanbihi == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.tropenbos.org/ Tropenbos RDC] * [https://joinforwater.ngo/fr/partners/tropenbos-rdc/| joinforwater]{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Jamii:mashirika ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] dh3c5gqkau889uf68iv1xryoqxmgt7x 0 249197 1615476 1601132 2026-11-07T23:35:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615476 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Reid''' (alizaliwa [[20 Juni]] [[1956]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]] na meneja. Alichezea timu ya [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa meneja wa [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]] na [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Peter Reid |url=https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=6478 |access-date=20 August 2025 |website=www.soccerbase.com}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Peter Reid alizaliwa tarehe 20 Juni 1956 huko Huyton, [[Liverpool]], Uingereza. Alianza kucheza mpira wa miguu akiwa na umri mdogo, akijiunga na timu ya vijana ya Bolton Wanderers. == Kazi ya Klabu == === Bolton Wanderers na Everton (1974–1982) === Reid alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza kwa Bolton Wanderers mwaka [[1974]]. Mwaka [[1982]], alihamia Everton, ambako alikua mmoja wa wachezaji bora wa kati wa Ligi Kuu ya Uingereza (EPL). <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Peter Reid |url=https://www.evertonfc.com/formerplayers/992536/peter-reid |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=www.evertonfc.com |language=en |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808091133/https://www.evertonfc.com/formerplayers/992536/peter-reid |archivedate=2022-08-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Klabu Nyingine (1982–1990) === Reid alichezea klabu kadhaa nchini [[Uingereza]] kabla ya kustaafu mwaka [[1990]]. == Kazi ya Uongozi == Baada ya kustaafu, Reid alikua meneja wa [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]], Sunderland A.F.C., Leeds United, Coventry City, na klabu nyingine. Alifanikiwa sana akiwa na Sunderland A.F.C.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=1031 |title=Peter Reid &#124; Latest Betting Odds |publisher=Soccer Base |access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref> == Timu ya Taifa == Reid alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mechi 13 kati ya mwaka [[1985]] na [[1988]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/tv_radio_coverage/newsid_1987000/1987764.stm |title=Peter Reid|work= BBC Sport|date= 14 May 2002|access-date= 10 September 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bfthve4ens5ow38qb7s0akfingp9wkf 0 249429 1615379 1598355 2026-11-07T18:00:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615379 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monique Dorsainvil''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1987]]) alikuwa Naibu Mkuu wa [[Wafanyakazi]] na Mshauri Mwandamizi wa Ofisi ya Ikulu ya Ushirikishwaji wa Umma na Masuala ya Kiserikali. Hapo awali aliwahi kuwa LGBTQ Liaison katika [[Ikulu]] ya [[Marekani]]. == Elimu == Dorsainvil alizaliwa mwaka 1987 na kukulia Woodland Hills, [[California]].<ref name="California native">{{cite news|last1=Perks|first1=Ashley|last2=Hayek|first2=Bailey|title=Monique Dorsainvil|url=https://thehill.com/50-most-beautiful/2014/213590-monique-dorsainvil/|access-date=18 September 2015|work=The Hill|date=2014|location=Washington, DC}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://blogs.ibo.org/blog/2016/10/15/public-service/|title=UWC-USA alumna on her career in public service {{!}} IB Community Blog|website=blogs.ibo.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-09-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921144421/http://blogs.ibo.org/blog/2016/10/15/public-service/|archivedate=2017-09-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 2ksj0vashjsxxug542ryiw7gcgzsjvs 0 250081 1615585 1602815 2026-11-08T07:15:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''The Game''' ni albamu ya nane ya studio ya kundi la muziki wa rock kutoka [[Uingereza]], [[Queen]]. Albamu hii ilitolewa mnamo [[30 Juni]] [[1980]] kupitia kampuni ya [[EMI]] Records nchini [[Uingereza]] na [[Elektra Records]] nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.queenonline.com/music/the-game|title=The Game - Queen Official Site|publisher=Queen Online|access-date=2026-09-19}}</ref> Albamu hii ilirekodiwa katika studio za [[Musicland Studios]] jijini [[Munich]], nchini [[Ujerumani Magharibi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-game-mw0000191440|title=The Game Album Review|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=2026-09-19}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Albamu hii ilitayarishwa na [[Queen]] wakishirikiana na mtayarishaji [[Reinhold Mack]], na ilikuwa albamu ya kwanza ya Queen kutumia vyombo vya muziki vya elektroniki (synthesizers). Albamu hii ilipata mafanikio makubwa sana nchini [[Marekani]] na kuongozwa na nyimbo mbili zilizoshika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za Billboard: "[[Crazy Little Thing Called Love]]" na "[[Another One Bites the Dust]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/queens-the-game-10-things-you-didnt-know-1103150/|title=Queen's 'The Game': 10 Things You Didn't Know|publisher=Rolling Stone|access-date=2026-09-19}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Orodha ya nyimbo == === Upande wa Kwanza === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Na. ! Jina la Wimbo ! Mwandishi ! Mwimbaji Mkuu ! Urefu |- | 1. | "[[Play the Game (wimbo)|Play the Game]]" | [[Freddie Mercury]] | Freddie Mercury | 3:30 |- | 2. | "[[Dragon Attack]]" | [[Brian May]] | Freddie Mercury | 4:18 |- | 3. | "[[Another One Bites the Dust]]" | [[John Deacon]] | Freddie Mercury | 3:35 |- | 4. | "[[Need Your Loving Tonight]]" | John Deacon | Freddie Mercury | 2:50 |- | 5. | "[[Crazy Little Thing Called Love]]" | Freddie Mercury | Freddie Mercury | 2:42 |} === Upande wa Pili === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Na. ! Jina la Wimbo ! Mwandishi ! Mwimbaji Mkuu ! Urefu |- | 6. | "[[Rock It (Prime Jive)]]" | [[Roger Taylor]] | Roger Taylor, Freddie Mercury | 4:32 |- | 7. | "[[Don't Try Suicide]]" | Freddie Mercury | Freddie Mercury | 3:52 |- | 8. | "[[Sail Away Sweet Sister]]" | Brian May | Brian May, Freddie Mercury | 3:33 |- | 9. | "[[Coming Soon (wimbo)|Coming Soon]]" | Roger Taylor | Freddie Mercury, Roger Taylor | 2:51 |- | 10. | "[[Save Me (wimbo wa Queen)|Save Me]]" | Brian May | Freddie Mercury | 3:48 |} == Wanamuziki walioshiriki == * '''[[Freddie Mercury]]''' – Vokali kuu na za usaidizi, kinanda, gitaa kavu kwenye "Crazy Little Thing Called Love", synthesizer. * '''[[Brian May]]''' – Gitaa la umeme na kavu, vokali za usaidizi, mwimbaji mkuu kwenye "Sail Away Sweet Sister", kinanda, synthesizer. * '''[[Roger Taylor]]''' – Ngoma, vyombo, tumba, vokali za usaidizi, mwimbaji mkuu kwenye "Rock It (Prime Jive)", gitaa la kati, synthesizer. * '''[[John Deacon]]''' – Gitaa la besi, gitaa kavu na gitaa la kati kwenye "Need Your Loving Tonight", gitaa la umeme na kinanda kwenye "Another One Bites the Dust". == Watayarishaji == * [[Queen]] – Watayarishaji * [[Reinhold Mack]] – Mtayarishaji, mhandisi wa sauti == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.queenonline.com/music/the-game The Game katika Tovuti Rasmi ya Queen] [[Jamii:Albamu za 1980]] [[Jamii:Albamu za Queen]] {{mbegu-muziki}} 86i1cbq3177seiuwcpgpp5xlw9e7zx4 0 250094 1615513 1597713 2026-11-08T02:27:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Roger Taylor''' (jina la kuzaliwa: '''Roger Meddows Taylor'''; alizaliwa [[26 Julai]] [[1949]]) ni [[mwanamuziki]], [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]], na [[mwimbaji]] kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mpiga ngoma wa kundi maarufu la muziki wa rock duniani, [[Queen]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.queenonline.com/queen/roger-taylor|title=Roger Taylor - Queen Official Site|publisher=Queen Online|access-date=2026-09-19}}</ref> Kama mtunzi wa nyimbo, Taylor alichangia nyimbo kadhaa zilizopata umaarufu mkubwa ulimwenguni katika albamu za Queen, zikiwemo "[[Radio Ga Ga]]", "[[A Kind of Magic (wimbo)|A Kind of Magic]]", "[[ These Are the Days of Our Lives]]", "[[Breakthru (wimbo)|Breakthru]]", na "[[The Invisible Man (wimbo)|The Invisible Man]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/roger-taylor-mn0000293111|title=Roger Taylor Biography|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=2026-09-19}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mbali na kazi yake ndani ya Queen, ametoa albamu kadhaa za solo na kuunda kundi lake jingine la rock lililoitwa [[The Cross]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980. == Maisha ya awali == Roger Taylor alizaliwa mjini King's Lynn, Norfolk, [[Uingereza]]. Alianza kujifunza muziki akiwa mdogo, mwanzoni akipiga vyombo mbalimbali kabla ya kujikita kikamilifu kwenye ngoma. Baadaye alihamia jijini [[London]] kusoma masomo ya udaktari wa meno (dentistry) na biology katika chuo cha [[Imperial College London]], ambapo alikutana na [[Brian May]] na [[Tim Staffell]] na kuunda kundi la [[Smile (kundi)|Smile]] mnamo [[1968]]. Baada ya Staffell kuondoka, [[Freddie Mercury]] alijiunga nao na kuunda kundi la Queen mnamo [[1970]], likikamilishwa na [[John Deacon]] mnamo [[1971]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/musician/roger-taylor|title=Roger Taylor Biography|publisher=Biography|access-date=2026-09-19}}</ref> == Albamu za kujitegemea == * ''[[Fun in Space]]'' ([[1981]]) * ''[[Strange Frontier]]'' ([[1984]]) * ''[[Happiness? (albamu)|Happiness?]]'' ([[1994]]) * ''[[Electric Fire]]'' ([[1998]]) * ''[[Fun on Earth]]'' ([[2013]]) * ''[[Outsider (albamu ya Roger Taylor)|Outsider]]'' ([[2021]]) == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.rogertaylorofficial.com Tovuti Rasmi ya Roger Taylor] * [https://www.queenonline.com/queen/roger-taylor Roger Taylor katika Tovuti Rasmi ya Queen] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanachama wa bendi ya Queen]] nzg276koq74xuct5ky45vztq8qho8b9 0 250193 1615388 1597890 2026-11-07T18:20:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Terrance Kelly''' (anajulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Mr. Cheeks'''; alizaliwa [[28 Machi]] [[1971]]) ni [[rapa]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] kutoka nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mr-cheeks-mn0000591240/biography |title=Mr. Cheeks Biography |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=2026-09-20}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Anajulikana zaidi kama kiongozi na rapa mkuu wa kundi la [[hip hop]] la miaka ya 1990 la [[Lost Boyz]], pamoja na kazi zake za kujitegemea ikiwa ni pamoja na kibao chake maarufu cha mwaka 2001, "[[Lights, Camera, Action!]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/mr-cheeks/ |title=Mr. Cheeks Billboard Chart History |publisher=Billboard |access-date=2026-09-20}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == === Enzi za Lost Boyz === Kelly alikulia katika eneo la [[South Jamaica, Queens|South Jamaica]], [[Queens]], [[New York City]]. Mnamo mwaka 1995, alianzisha kundi la hip hop la Lost Boyz akiwa pamoja na rafiki yake wa karibu [[Freaky Tah]] (Raymond Rogers), [[DJ Spigg Nice]] (Sherrod Barnes), na [[Pretty Lou]] (Loudon Tindle).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/lost-boyz-mn0000287133/biography |title=Lost Boyz Biography |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=2026-09-20}}</ref> Akiwa kama rapa mkuu na mwandishi wa mashairi, Mr. Cheeks aliongoza kundi hilo kutoa albamu ya kwanza iliyopata mafanikio makubwa ya ''[[Legal Drug Money]]'' (1996), iliyokuwa na vibao maarufu kama "Lifestyles of the Rich & Shameless", "Music Makes Me High", na "Renee". Kundi hilo liliendelea kutoa albamu za ''[[Love, Peace & Naps]]'' (1997) na ''[[LB IV Life]]'' (1999). Mafanikio ya kundi hilo yalijeruhiwa vibaya mnamo Machi 1999 kufuatia kuuawa kwa aliyekuwa mshirika wake wa karibu, Freaky Tah.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mtv.com/news/1430030/lost-boyz-freaky-tah-shot-dead/ |title=Lost Boyz' Freaky Tah Shot Dead |publisher=MTV News |access-date=2026-09-20}}</ref> === Kazi ya kujitegemea === Baada ya kusambaratika kwa Lost Boyz, Mr. Cheeks alilenga kazi za kujitegemea. Mnamo mwaka 2001, alitoa albamu yake ya kwanza ya kujitegemea iliyoitwa ''[[John P. Kelly]]'' kupitia lebo ya [[Universal Records]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.discogs.com/master/146059-Mr-Cheeks-John-P-Kelly |title=Mr. Cheeks - John P. Kelly |publisher=Discogs |access-date=2026-09-20}}</ref> Albamu hiyo ilipata mafanikio makubwa kibiashara ikibebwa na wimbo wa "Lights, Camera, Action!", uliotengenezwa na [[P. Diddy]]. Wimbo huo ulishika nafasi za juu kwenye chati za [[Billboard]] R&B/Hip-Hop na Rap. Mnamo mwaka 2003, alitoa albamu yake ya pili ya kujitegemea iliyoitwa ''[[Back-Up Off Me]]''. == Diskokorafia == === Albamu za kujitegemea === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka !! Anwani !! Lebo !! Chati (US Hip-Hop) |- | 2001 || ''John P. Kelly'' || Universal || 5 |- | 2003 || ''Back-Up Off Me'' || Universal || 32 |- | 2014 || ''Ghetto Heir'' || Subliminal Distribution || — |} === Akiwa na Lost Boyz === * ''[[Legal Drug Money]]'' (1996) * ''[[Love, Peace & Naps]]'' (1997) * ''[[LB IV Life]]'' (1999) === Vibao vya kujitegemea === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka !! Anwani !! Albamu |- | 2001 || "Lights, Camera, Action!" || ''John P. Kelly'' |- | 2002 || "Friday Night" (akishirikiana na [[Horace Brown]]) || ''John P. Kelly'' |- | 2003 || "Crush On You" (akishirikiana na [[Mario Winans]]) || ''Back-Up Off Me'' |} == Tazama pia == * [[Lost Boyz]] * [[Freaky Tah]] == Marejeo == <references /> {{BD|1971||}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] gmup5w3lswnddr5qc3w4hec80d24z3l 3 251390 1615576 1614290 2026-11-08T06:47:12Z Ladygoody 92634 /* Viungo */ Jibu 1615576 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 26 Septemba 2026 (UTC) ==Marejeo== Tafadhali, usiweke marejeo yanayoelekeza kwenye Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Haitakiwi! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:26, 3 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :sawa, ahsante '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:39, 3 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :Habari Riccardo, :Nimeona nimezuiwa kuhariri Wikipedia ya Kiswahili kwa sababu ya “Viungo vya nje visivyotakiwa”. Ningependa kuelewa vizuri kosa nililofanya ili nisilirudie. :Naomba unisaidie kueleza ni viungo gani au aina gani ya viungo nilivyoweka vilivyosababisha kizuizi hiki. :Niko tayari kufuata kanuni za Wikipedia na kurekebisha makosa yangu. :Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:03, 6 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::Mbona nilikueleza majuzi? Ulisema sawa, kumbe ukaendelea kurejelea Wikipedia ya Kiingereza. Leo nimepoteza saa nyingi kurekebisha makala zako! Tumia muda wa zuio lako kupitia makala zako kwa kuona nilivyozisahihisha. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:29, 6 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::Asante kwa kunieleza na kwa kurekebisha makala nilizohariri. Nimeelewa kosa nililofanya kuhusu kuweka viungo vinavyoelekeza kwenye Wikipedia ya Kiingereza. Nitatumia muda huu kupitia marekebisho uliyofanya ili kujifunza na kuhakikisha sirudii kosa hili. Samahani kwa usumbufu na muda uliopoteza kurekebisha makala zangu. Asante kwa kunielekeza. '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:18, 6 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::Safi sana, ingawa umetumia [[Maalum:Michango/Goodylady|akaunti ya pili]], ambayo kwa kawaida haikubaliki. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:34, 6 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::samahani, mimi nina akaunti moja tu, sina nyingine na sijafanya chochote toka nizuiliwe '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:38, 6 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::Nimeondoa zuio, lakini endelea kujifunza uhariri kwa kupitia masahihisho. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:24, 7 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::Ahsante na ubarikiwe. :::::::Naamini nimeelewa na kuzingatia masahihisho '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:28, 7 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Umezingatia kiasi, kwa sababu huwezi tena marejeo yoyote... Hata leo nimetumia masaa kurekebisha makala zako. Kumbuka: kadiri unavyokwenda kasi lazima ufanye vizuri, la sivyo unawatwisha wengine jukumu la kusahihisha. Kwa mfano, kurasa zote unaziweka kigezo cha <nowiki>{{mbegu-historia}}</nowiki>, kumbe zinahusu watu. Kama hujui kutofautisha watu kwa aina ya kazi zao, walau uweke <nowiki>{{mbegu-mtu}}</nowiki>. Pia ni rahisi kuweka kigezo cha mwaka wa kuzaliwa (B) na kufariki (D): kwa mfano kwa Nyerere unaweka <nowiki>{{BD|1922|1999}}</nowiki>. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:53, 8 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::::ahsante Kwa maelekezo. :::::::::Nitayafanyia kazi '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:03, 8 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Hongera kwa kuboresha michango yako, ila usichoke kupitia masahihisho yangu ili uzidi kujifunza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:55, 14 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::Ahsante, naendelea kupitia na kujifunza zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 14 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::::Tafadhali, soma kilichoandikwa siku hizi juu ya michango yako, la sivyo huenda ikafutwa yote. Taz. ukurasa wangu wa majadiliano na [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya]] --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:02, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::sawa '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:12, 20 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Unaendelea kutunga makala zenye vichwa vya Kiingereza!!! Tafadhali... --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:45, 5 Novemba 2026 (UTC) == Ombi la kuunga mkono mradi wa makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (WMF Rapid Fund) == Habari ndugu {{PAGENAME}}, Natumai u mzima. Naomba nafasi yako kidogo utupe mkono katika kufanikisha mradi mpya wa maudhui hapa Swahili Wikipedia. Nimeanzisha wazo la mradi kule Jumuiya ili kuomba ruzuku ya Rapid Fund kutoka Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Lengo ni kuandaa warsha (workshop) na mashindano ya uandishi (Edit-a-thon) yatakayolenga kuziba pengo kubwa la makala za filamu na waigizaji wa Asia (hususan C-Dramas na K-Dramas), mada ambazo zina wasomaji wengi sana Afrika Mashariki lakini hazina maudhui ya kutosha kwa Kiswahili. Ili jopo la ruzuku la WMF lipitishe maombi haya ya fedha, wanahitaji kuona maridhiano (consensus) na kuungwa mkono na wanajumuia wetu wa Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Tafhdali naomba upitie hapa katika ukurasa wa Jumuiya kutoa kura yako ya Kuunga Mkono au maoni yako: 👉 [[Wikipedia:Jumuiya#Wazo la Mradi: Kuongeza Makala za Filamu na Waigizaji wa Asia (C-Dramas & K-Dramas)|Bofya hapa kushiriki na kuunga mkono]] Mchango wako wa sekunde chache utasaidia sana kuleta rasilimali zitakazokuza jamii yetu na kuongeza wahariri wapya. Shukrani sana. — '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 18 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ==Viungo== Naomba ukumbuke kuunganisha makala zako mpya na zile za lugha nyingine, hasa ile uliyoitafsiri. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:13, 6 Novemba 2026 (UTC) :habari. samahani naomba kueleweshwa vizuri '''[[Mtumiaji:Ladygoody|Ladygoody]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ladygoody#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:47, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 8cih6xvr65zeliyci2kzo5dzs7r3b09 0 252835 1615372 1607252 2026-11-07T17:23:38Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Elizabeth Ibrahim Ekaru | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = 1974<br />[[Kenya]] | tarehe ya kufa = 3 Januari 2022 | mahali alipofia = Kambi Garba, [[Isiolo]], Kenya | sababu ya kifo = Kuuawa kwa kisu | utaifa = Mkenya | kazi yake = Mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu | asasi = [[Maendeleo Ya Wanawake]] | watoto = 5 | tuzo = Head of State Commendation }} '''Elizabeth Ibrahim Ekaru''' (1974 – 3 Januari 2022) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa [[haki za binadamu]] kutoka [[Kenya]]. Alitetea [[haki za wanawake]], [[amani]], [[mazingira]] na haki za ardhi katika [[Kaunti ya Isiolo]]. Ekaru aliuawa tarehe 3 Januari 2022 huko [[Isiolo]]. Kifo chake kilisababisha maandamano nchini Kenya. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali === Elizabeth Ibrahim Ekaru alizaliwa mwaka 1974 nchini Kenya.<ref name="viacampesina" /> Alikua katika eneo ambalo wizi wa mifugo ulikuwa wa kawaida. Wizi huo ulisababisha migogoro kati ya jamii.<ref name="katiba" /> Ekaru alikuwa mama wa watoto watano.<ref name="fld" /> === Kazi === Ekaru mwenyewe aliathiriwa na migogoro hiyo. Wezi wa mifugo walishambulia nyumbani kwake. Waliiba mifugo yake na kuua wachungaji wake watatu. Ekaru aliripoti tukio hilo kwa polisi. Lakini yeye mwenyewe alikamatwa na kuwekwa kizuizini. Kundi la haki za binadamu lilipigania kuachiliwa kwake.<ref name="katiba" /> Baadaye, Ekaru aliteuliwa kwenye kamati ya amani na utatuzi wa migogoro ya Isiolo. Alishiriki pia katika mazungumzo ya amani katika [[Kaunti ya Garissa]].<ref name="katiba" /> Mwaka 1998, alikuwa rais wa Turkana Dancer. Kikundi hiki kilitumia densi kukuza amani.<ref name="mediapart" /> Ekaru alikuwa mwenyekiti wa shirika la wanawake [[Maendeleo Ya Wanawake]].<ref name="star5" /><ref name="mediapart" /> Aliiwakilisha Isiolo katika mkutano wa kitaifa wa katiba wa Bomas. Mchakato huo ulileta [[Katiba ya Kenya]] ya mwaka 2010.<ref name="katiba" /><ref name="star5" /> Aliteuliwa pia kuwa balozi wa amani wa kikundi cha wanawake kutoka kaunti 12.<ref name="star5" /> Alikuwa mwanachama wa Mtandao wa Kitaifa wa Watetezi Wanawake wa Haki za Binadamu. Mtandao huo unaongozwa na Defenders Coalition of Kenya.<ref name="fld" /> Ekaru alipambana na [[Ukimwi|VVU]] na ndoa za kulazimishwa.<ref name="mediapart" /> Alifanya kazi kuhusu [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] katika jamii za wafugaji.<ref name="katiba" /> Alitetea haki za ardhi za wanawake wa jamii asilia.<ref name="viacampesina" /> Kwa mila za jamii hizo, wanawake hawaruhusiwi kurithi ardhi. Sheria ya mwaka 2016 iliweka usawa katika umiliki wa mali. Hata hivyo, jamii nyingi haziifuati sheria hiyo.<ref name="mediapart" /> Ekaru alipokea tuzo ya Head of State Commendation wakati wa urais wa [[Mwai Kibaki]]. Tuzo hiyo ilitambua kazi yake ya kutatua migogoro mwaka 2005.<ref name="star5" /> Mume wa Ekaru aliuawa mwaka 2011. Wauaji wake hawakukamatwa.<ref name="mediapart" /> === Kifo === Tarehe 3 Januari 2022, Ekaru aliuawa kwa kisu huko Kambi Garba, Isiolo. Alikuwa akihudhuria mazishi.<ref name="fld" /><ref name="nation" /> Mshukiwa ni jirani yake. Inadaiwa kuwa walikuwa na mgogoro wa ardhi.<ref name="fld" /> Umati ulimpiga mshukiwa. Mshukiwa alitibiwa hospitalini chini ya ulinzi wa polisi.<ref name="star5" /> Mshukiwa alikana shtaka la mauaji.<ref name="pbi" /> Kesi yake ilianza tarehe 5 Desemba 2022.<ref name="mediapart" /> Kesi hiyo inasikilizwa katika Mahakama Kuu ya [[Meru, Kenya|Meru]].<ref name="nation" /> Tarehe 11 Januari 2022, wanawake waliandamana mjini Isiolo. Waliwasilisha ombi kwa ofisi ya Kamishna wa Kaunti. Walidai uchunguzi wa haraka. Walidai pia mwisho wa mauaji ya wanawake.<ref name="star11" /> Mashirika ya [[Front Line Defenders]], Peace Brigades International na [[Via Campesina]] yalilaani mauaji hayo.<ref name="fld" /><ref name="pbi" /><ref name="viacampesina" /> Mauaji ya Ekaru yalifuata mauaji ya wanaharakati wengine wanawake nchini Kenya. [[Joannah Stutchbury]] aliuawa mwaka 2021. Esther Mwikali aliuawa mwaka 2019. [[Caroline Mwatha]] alifariki katika mazingira ya kutatanisha mwaka 2019.<ref name="mediapart" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="fld">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/statement-report/murder-woman-human-rights-defender-elizabeth-ibrahim-ekaru |title=Murder of woman human rights defender Elizabeth Ibrahim Ekaru |website=Front Line Defenders |date=2022-01-10 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="katiba">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://katibainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Katiba-Women-Rights-Leaders-Final-book-9112021.pdf |title=Towards Strengthening Participation of Women: The Untold Stories of Women's Rights Leaders |publisher=Katiba Institute |location=Nairobi |year=2021 |pages=18–20 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="mediapart">{{Rejea habari |last=Boutboul |first=Sophie |title=Au Kenya, le procès de l’assassin d’Elizabeth Ekaru ou « l’urgence de dire stop » |url=https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/080323/au-kenya-le-proces-de-l-assassin-d-elizabeth-ekaru-ou-l-urgence-de-dire-stop |work=Mediapart |date=2023-03-08 |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name="star5">{{Rejea habari |last=Teyie |first=Selina |title=Slain Isiolo activist was a woman of many fetes |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-01-05-slain-isiolo-activist-was-a-woman-of-many-fetes/ |work=The Star |date=2022-01-05 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="star11">{{Rejea habari |last=Teyie |first=Selina |title=Women march to protest killing of activist in Isiolo |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/counties/coast/2022-01-11-women-march-to-protest-killing-of-activist-in-isiolo |work=The Star |date=2022-01-11 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="nation">{{Rejea habari |last=Wanyoro |first=Charles |title=Isiolo activist was stabbed to death during a funeral, court told |url=https://nation.africa/kenya/counties/isiolo/isiolo-activist-was-stabbed-to-death-during-a-funeral-court-told-4231958 |work=Daily Nation |date=2023-05-12 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="pbi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://peacebrigades.org/en/news/struggles-women-human-rights-defenders-kenya |title=The struggles of women human rights defenders in Kenya |website=Peace Brigades International |date=2022-02-14 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="viacampesina">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://viacampesina.org/en/2022/01/justice-and-solidarity-for-elizabeth-ibrahim-ekaru-stop-killing-us/ |title=Justice and Solidarity for Elizabeth Ibrahim Ekaru: Stop Killing us! |website=La Via Campesina |date=2022-01-24 |access-date=2026-11-07 |language=en}}</ref> }} {{BD|1974|2022|Ekaru, Elizabeth Ibrahim}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Kenya]] 5wiodzx486theuiv3rum2hi43ho0wjn 0 254045 1615477 1606784 2026-11-07T23:40:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Petrus Orlando Haraseb''' (alizaliwa 1 Juni 1968) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Namibia. Alikuwa akicheza nafasi ya beki. == Kazi ya klabu == Haraseb alizaliwa Klein-Naoas, karibu na Dordabis, lakini baadaye alihamia pamoja na wazazi wake katika [[eneo]] la Erwee, Mkoa wa Kunene. Alichezea klabu za NamPol, Pubs, Orlando Pirates Windhoek, Liverpool Okahandja, Chief Santos na Young Ones.<ref>[https://www.travel-namibia.com/2021/09/03/former-football-captain-now-stellar-tour-guide/ "Former football captain now stellar tour guide".] {{Wayback|url=https://www.travel-namibia.com/2021/09/03/former-football-captain-now-stellar-tour-guide/ |date=20211203012751 }} Travel-Namibia. 3 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2023.</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Haraseb aliichezea timu ya taifa ya [[mpira]] wa miguu ya Namibia kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 1998, ikiwemo kushiriki katika Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la 1998.<ref>Courtney, Barrie (5 June 2005). [https://www.rsssf.org/tables/98a-det.html "African Nations Cup 1998 – Final Tournament Details"]. RSSSF. Retrieved 24 September 2023.</ref> Alicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza katika timu ya taifa, inayojulikana kwa jina la ''Brave Warriors'', katika mechi ya kufuzu kwa Kombe la Dunia dhidi ya Zambia mnamo Oktoba 1992. Katika kipindi chake na timu ya taifa, alicheza jumla ya michezo 33 na kufunga bao moja. == Maisha binafsi == Baada ya kustaafu kucheza mpira wa miguu, Haraseb alifanya kazi kama mwongoza watalii katika [[Mkoa]] wa Kunene. Kwa sasa anamiliki kampuni ya utalii katika mji wa Swakopmund. == Mafanikio == Namibia * Kombe la COSAFA: Nafasi ya pili mwaka 1997. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Namibia]] c7ege45sedtvnb804pdi62d9w3hcl2o 0 254153 1615233 1606992 2026-11-07T12:56:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1615233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kigezo:Vyanzo}} {{vyanzo}} '''Luka Dunstan Kitandula''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Tanzania aliyewahi kuhudumu kama Mbunge wa Jimbo la Muheza kuanzia tarehe 4 Novemba 1980 hadi tarehe 31 Julai 1985. Katika Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Oktoba/Novemba 1980, Luka Kitandula alichaguliwa kuwa mwakilishi wa Jimbo la Muheza kupitia Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM). Baadaye, aliendelea na utumishi wa kisiasa kwa kulitumikia Jimbo la Mkinga kuanzia mwaka 1985 hadi 2000. Aidha, aliwahi kushika wadhifa wa Mwenyekiti wa CCM Mkoa wa Tanga. Luka Dunstan Kitandula pia ni baba mzazi wa [[Dunstan Luka Kitandula]], mwanasiasa aliyehudumu kama Mbunge wa Jimbo la Mkinga na Naibu Waziri wa Maliasili na Utalii nchini Tanzania. {{mbegu-mwanasiasa-Tanzania}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Tanzania]] c74gnou1ox7e827354uk9c0zbmloqz8 0 255611 1615223 1610341 2026-11-07T12:48:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1615223 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kigezo:Vyanzo}} '''Jessie Willcox Smith''' (Septemba 6, 1863 - Mei 3, 1935) alikuwa [[Mchoraji]] wa [[Marekani]] wakati wa Enzi ya Dhahabu ya vielelezo vya Marekani . {{Sfn|Nixon|2015}}Alichukuliwa kuwa "mmoja wa wachoraji wazuri zaidi". {{Sfn|Fleisher|Zittle|2015}}Mchangiaji wa [[vitabu]] na [[Jarida|majarida]] mwishoni mwa karne ya 19 na mwanzoni mwa karne ya 20, Smith alichora mchoro unaoambatana na [[hadithi]] na makala kwa wateja kama vile ''Century'', ''Collier'', ''Leslie's Weekly'', ''Harper's'', ''McClure's'', ''Scribners'', na ''Ladies' Home Journal'' . Alikuwa na uhusiano unaoendelea na ''Good Housekeeping'', ambao ulijumuisha mfululizo wa vielelezo vya muda mrefu vya Mother Goose na pia uundaji wa vifuniko vyote vya ''Good Housekeeping'' kuanzia Desemba 1917 hadi 1933. Smith alichora zaidi ya vitabu sitini, ikiwa ni pamoja na kazi maarufu kama vile ''Little Women(Wanawake wadogo)'' na ''An Old-Fashioned Girl(Msichana wa Madoido ya Zamani)'' ya Louisa May Alcott, ''Evangeline'' ya Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, na ''A Child's Garden of Verses(Shamba la Vifungo za Mwana)'' ya Robert Louis Stevenson . ffa3vujakyw0qfs2icf718v9o1jbgt9 0 255651 1615529 1612781 2026-11-08T04:21:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615529 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Shadia 1961.jpg|thumb|Shadia]] '''Fatma Ahmad ;''' '''Februari 1931 – 28 Novemba 2017),''' anayefahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii '''Shadia''' (kwa Kiarabu: شادية, Shādya), alikuwa mwigizaji na mwimbaji kutoka '''Misri'''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Alipata umaarufu kutokana na kuigiza katika filamu za '''vichekesho vyepesi''' na filamu za drama katika miaka ya '''1950 na 1960.''' Alikuwa mke wa tatu wa '''Salah Zulfikar'''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Shadia alikuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji na waimbaji mashuhuri sana nchini Misri na katika eneo la '''Mashariki ya Kati.''' Alikuwa ishara ya kipindi cha dhahabu cha sinema ya Misri, yaani kipindi ambacho tasnia ya filamu nchini humo ilipata mafanikio na kutambulika sana. Pia, alijulikana kwa nyimbo zake nyingi za kizalendo zilizohamasisha upendo na uzalendo kwa nchi yake.<ref>https://www.nogoumfm.net/news/2017/11/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8/ {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Shadia alizaliwa kwa jina la '''Fatma Ahmad Kamal Shaker tarehe 8 Februari 1931,''' katika eneo la '''Elhelmiyya Elgedida, jijini Cairo,''' nchini Misri. Baba yake alikuwa '''Ahmed Kamal Shaker, mwenye''' asili ya eneo la Sharqia nchini Misri, huku mama yake akiwa na asili ya '''Uturuki'''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Mwaka '''1947''', Shadia alipendana na afisa mmoja wa jeshi la Misri kutoka eneo la '''Upper Egypt.''' Hata hivyo, alivunjika moyo sana baada ya afisa huyo kufariki wakati wa vita vya mwaka '''1948'''.<ref>https://www.elbalad.news/1968152</ref><ref>https://www.elbalad.news/1968152</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.layalina.com/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250715232556/https://www.layalina.com/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |archivedate=2025-07-15 |accessdate=2026-10-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Shadia alikuwa na ndugu watano wa kike na wa kiume. Miongoni mwa dada zake, alikuwa mtoto wa mwisho, na kwa ujumla alikuwa mtoto wa pili kutoka mwisho katika familia yao.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Tangu utotoni, Shadia alipenda sana kuimba. Kipaji chake cha muziki kilitambuliwa na kuungwa mkono alipokuwa akisoma shule ya msingi, jambo lililomtia moyo kuendeleza kipaji chake cha uimbaji.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> == Kazi == Alianza kazi ya uigizaji akiwa na umri wa miaka 15. Katika kipindi cha umaarufu wake mkubwa, miaka ya 1950 na 1960, Shadia aliigiza katika filamu nyingi zilizohusu hisia kali za kibinadamu, mapenzi na vichekesho.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Hata hivyo, kipaji chake cha uimbaji ndicho kilichomfanya Shadia kuwa mmoja wa nyota muhimu katika historia ya sinema ya Misri wakati wa kipindi chake cha umaarufu.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0810873643</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Mwandiko]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Waandishi]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Watu kufuatana na dini]] [[Jamii:Watu]] d12pxnt588t5hqqpbtzey87ckfq3vla 1615643 1615529 2026-11-08T09:50:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615643 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Shadia 1961.jpg|thumb|Shadia]] '''Fatma Ahmad ;''' '''Februari 1931 – 28 Novemba 2017),''' anayefahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii '''Shadia''' (kwa Kiarabu: شادية, Shādya), alikuwa mwigizaji na mwimbaji kutoka '''Misri'''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Alipata umaarufu kutokana na kuigiza katika filamu za '''vichekesho vyepesi''' na filamu za drama katika miaka ya '''1950 na 1960.''' Alikuwa mke wa tatu wa '''Salah Zulfikar'''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Shadia alikuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji na waimbaji mashuhuri sana nchini Misri na katika eneo la '''Mashariki ya Kati.''' Alikuwa ishara ya kipindi cha dhahabu cha sinema ya Misri, yaani kipindi ambacho tasnia ya filamu nchini humo ilipata mafanikio na kutambulika sana. Pia, alijulikana kwa nyimbo zake nyingi za kizalendo zilizohamasisha upendo na uzalendo kwa nchi yake.<ref>https://www.nogoumfm.net/news/2017/11/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8/ {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Shadia alizaliwa kwa jina la '''Fatma Ahmad Kamal Shaker tarehe 8 Februari 1931,''' katika eneo la '''Elhelmiyya Elgedida, jijini Cairo,''' nchini Misri. Baba yake alikuwa '''Ahmed Kamal Shaker, mwenye''' asili ya eneo la Sharqia nchini Misri, huku mama yake akiwa na asili ya '''Uturuki'''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Mwaka '''1947''', Shadia alipendana na afisa mmoja wa jeshi la Misri kutoka eneo la '''Upper Egypt.''' Hata hivyo, alivunjika moyo sana baada ya afisa huyo kufariki wakati wa vita vya mwaka '''1948'''.<ref>https://www.elbalad.news/1968152</ref><ref>https://www.elbalad.news/1968152</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.layalina.com/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250715232556/https://www.layalina.com/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.html |archivedate=2025-07-15 |accessdate=2026-10-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Shadia alikuwa na ndugu watano wa kike na wa kiume. Miongoni mwa dada zake, alikuwa mtoto wa mwisho, na kwa ujumla alikuwa mtoto wa pili kutoka mwisho katika familia yao.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Tangu utotoni, Shadia alipenda sana kuimba. Kipaji chake cha muziki kilitambuliwa na kuungwa mkono alipokuwa akisoma shule ya msingi, jambo lililomtia moyo kuendeleza kipaji chake cha uimbaji.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> == Kazi == Alianza kazi ya uigizaji akiwa na umri wa miaka 15. Katika kipindi cha umaarufu wake mkubwa, miaka ya 1950 na 1960, Shadia aliigiza katika filamu nyingi zilizohusu hisia kali za kibinadamu, mapenzi na vichekesho.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadia#/media/File:Shadia_1961.jpg</ref> Hata hivyo, kipaji chake cha uimbaji ndicho kilichomfanya Shadia kuwa mmoja wa nyota muhimu katika historia ya sinema ya Misri wakati wa kipindi chake cha umaarufu.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0810873643</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Mwandiko]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Waandishi]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Watu kufuatana na dini]] [[Jamii:Watu]] 684kd6hzn2gzvh66z5mj93bj6i8v8r6 0 255667 1615210 1610601 2026-11-07T12:41:04Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khentkaus I''', pia anaitwa Khentkawes (aliishi takriban mwaka [[250 KK|'''2500''' KK]]) alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa [[Kiarmenia|kifalme]] aliyeishi [[Misri]] ya Kale wakati wa [[Nasaba]] ya Nne na Nasaba ya Tano. Inawezekana alikuwa [[binti]] wa Mfalme Menkaure, mke wa [[Mfalme]] Shepseskaf na pia mke wa Mfalme Userkaf (muasisi wa Nasaba ya Tano), na mama wa Mfalme Sahure.<ref>{{Citation|title=The Birth of the King Word Play in the Westcar Papyrus|date=2023|url=https://doi.org/10.5913/2023853.17|work=Weseretkau “Mighty of Kas”|publisher=Lockwood Press|isbn=978-1-948488-85-3|access-date=2026-10-24}}</ref> Wengine wanapendekeza kwamba alikuwa [[Kiongozi|mtawala]] wa muda (regent) kwa ajili ya mmoja wa wanawe. Labda, yeye mwenyewe alikuwa Mfalme wa [[Misri]] ya Juu na Chini, jambo ambalo namna alivyozikwa linapendekeza.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Who's Who in ancient egypt|last=Rice|first=Michael|date=1999|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-44328-6|location=London|doi=10.4324/9780203443286}}</ref> == Maisha == [[Jamii:Watawala wa Misri]] <references /> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] 1dlrsbm85d3uxv5eqybak2eunugg5k0 0 255794 1615272 1610879 2026-11-07T13:35:03Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615272 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fidelia Akuabata Njeze''' ([[8 Juni]] [[1964]]) ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Nigeria]], aliyewahi kuwa [[Balozi]] wa Nigeria nchini [[Uswisi]] na Liechtenstein.<ref>Mbegu mtu</ref> Aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Anga tarehe [[6 Aprili]] [[2010]] na [[Rais]] Kaimu Goodluck Jonathan, baada ya kuhudumu kama Waziri wa [[Nchi]] wa [[Kilimo]] na Maji na pia [[Ulinzi]] katika serikali ya Rais Yar'Adua.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |title=Aviation Workers Linked Arms |url=https://doi.org/10.31096/wua111_box3folder5_image007 |doi=10.31096/wua111_box3folder5_image007}}</ref> == Maisha yake ya awali == Njeze alizaliwa alisoma ''Sekondari'' ya '''[[Msichana|Wasichana]]''' ''Awkunanaw Enug''u na kisha '''Shahada''' ya ''Famasia'' [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha '''[[Nigeria]]''', '''Nsukka'''; baada ya mafunzo na ''Huduma ya Taifa ya Vijana'' katika '''[[Hospitali]]''' ya '''Mifupa Enugu''' ([[1990]]-[[1991]]), alifanya kazi kama mfamasia katika Famasi ya Chinors mwaka [[1992]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110903101557/http://www.africanchoicenewsusa.net/view_article.php?id=17</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] 725pqa7fpslejcjl152ogjjkwlpnj15 0 255819 1615204 1610624 2026-11-07T12:34:59Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Aberu Kebede|picha=Berlin-Marathon 2015 Runners 36.jpg|maelezo_ya_picha=Aberu at the [[2015 Berlin Marathon]]|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa={{birth-date and age|12 September 1986}}|nchi=[[Shewa]], Ethiopia}} '''Aberu Kebede Shewaye''' alizaliwa [[tarehe]] [[12 Septemba]] [[1986]] nchini [[Ethiopia]]. Yeye ni mwanariadha wa mbio ndefu, hasa mbio za barabarani.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-05128-3|title=The complete royal families of Ancient Egypt|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|last2=Hilton|first2=Dyan|date=2004|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-05128-3|location=London ; New York}}</ref> Aberu ni [[mwanariadha]] mwenye uwezo mkubwa katika mbio za nusu [[marathoni]] na marathoni. Katika [[mbio]] za nusu marathoni, aliwahi kutumia saa 1, dakika 7 na sekunde 39 kumaliza mbio hizo. [[Muda]] huo ni miongoni mwa muda [[bora]] zaidi kuwahi kurekodiwa na mwanamke kutoka Ethiopia katika mbio za nusu marathoni.<ref>{{Citation|title=Meresankh I|date=2026-09-07|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meresankh_I&oldid=1373667286|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-10-24}}</ref> [[Mwaka 2000|Mwaka 2009]], Aberu alishiriki Mashindano ya [[Dunia]] ya Nusu Marathoni yaliyoandaliwa na [[Shirikisho]] la Kimataifa la Riadha (IAAF), ambako alishinda [[medali]] ya shaba kutokana na matokeo yake mazuri. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} <references /> [[Jamii:Wanariadha nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] ie4hzu7n2h4cmwnah2izpqk46dm7noy 0 255839 1615186 1610883 2026-11-07T12:18:58Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Gbemi Olateru Olagbegi|picha=Gbemi on set of Off Air with Gbemi and Toolz (cropped).jpg|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa={{birth date and age|df=yes|1984|07|18}}|jina la kuzaliwa=Gbemi Olateru Olagbegi}} '''Gbemi Olateru Olagbegi''' ni [[mwanamke]] kutoka nchini Nigeria aliyezaliwa tarehe [[18 Julai]] [[1984]], katika [[eneo]] la Surulere, Lagos. Yeye ni mtaalamu wa [[Vyombo vya habari|vyombo]] vya habari, [[mfanyabiashara]] na mtayarishaji wa vipindi.<ref>{{Citation|title=Gbemi Olateru Olagbegi|date=2026-08-07|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gbemi_Olateru_Olagbegi&oldid=1368177900|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-10-24}}</ref> Gbemi alipata [[elimu]] ya juu katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Oakland, kilichopo Rochester, [[Marekani]], ambako alisomea [[Mawasiliano]] na kupata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] ya kwanza. Baadaye, alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pan-African, Lagos, Nigeria, ambako alipata shahada ya uzamili katika masuala ya Habari na Mawasiliano.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-05128-3|title=The complete royal families of Ancient Egypt|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|last2=Hilton|first2=Dyan|date=2004|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-05128-3|location=London ; New York}}</ref> Alianza kazi yake katika vyombo vya habari mwaka [[2005]]. Alifanya kazi kama mtangazaji katika kituo cha redio cha The Beat 99.9 FM nchini Nigeria. Mwaka 2008, alishinda tuzo ya Mtangazaji Bora wa Redio katika tuzo za ''The Future Awards Africa'', kutokana na kazi yake nzuri katika utangazaji. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} <references /> [[Jamii:Wanaanga wa Marekani]] khxzcat4mxpdndb22cx7949wkr9bt5n 0 255844 1615180 1611492 2026-11-07T12:10:28Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615180 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Meresankh I|mahusiano=[[Huni]]?}} '''Meresankh wa Kwanza''' (Meresankh I), jina lenye maana ya “Anapenda [[Maisha]]”, alikuwa mke wa [[mfalme]] katika [[Misri]] ya Kale na [[mama]] wa Mfalme Sneferu.Inawezekana kwamba alikuwa [[mke]] wa Mfalme Huni, aliyekuwa mfalme wa mwisho wa Nasaba ya Tatu ya [[Misri]] ya Kale.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774163951.001.0001|title=Poisoned Legacy|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|date=2010-12-15|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-416-395-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774163043.001.0001|title=Amarna Sunset|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|date=2009-11-15|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-416-304-3}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] [[Jamii:Misri]] tokkhbwrqw72wcgs4wwr2pjzouho8vf 1615318 1615180 2026-11-07T14:55:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Meresankh I|mahusiano=[[Huni]]?}} '''Meresankh wa Kwanza''' (Meresankh I), jina lenye maana ya “Anapenda [[Maisha]]”, alikuwa mke wa [[mfalme]] katika [[Misri]] ya Kale na [[mama]] wa Mfalme Sneferu.Inawezekana kwamba alikuwa [[mke]] wa Mfalme Huni, aliyekuwa mfalme wa mwisho wa Nasaba ya Tatu ya [[Misri]] ya Kale.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774163951.001.0001|title=Poisoned Legacy|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|date=2010-12-15|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-416-395-1}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774163043.001.0001|title=Amarna Sunset|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|date=2009-11-15|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-416-304-3}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] [[Jamii:Misri]] 2wrz1d88p178gcv9a6x2vnqrjd4dxum 0 255925 1615226 1610785 2026-11-07T12:49:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1615226 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brenda Phillips ('''alizaliwa '''tarehe 18 Januari 1958''') ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa mchezo wa hoki ya [[uwanjani]] kutoka ''Zimbabwe'', ambaye alikuwa ''mwanachama'' wa timu ya taifa iliyoshinda medali ya [[dhahabu]] katika Michezo ya [[Olimpiki]] ya Majira ya Joto ya mwaka '''1980''' iliyofanyika [[Moscow]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Olympedia – Brenda Phillips|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/20458|work=www.olympedia.org|accessdate=2026-10-24}}</ref> == Wasifu == Kutokana na kususia kwa [[Marekani]] na nchi nyingine, ni timu moja tu iliyokuwa imejiandikisha kushiriki mashindano ya hoki ya [[wanawake]]: timu ya taifa ya nchi mwenyeji, Umoja wa ''Kisovieti'' ([[USSR]]). Ombi la dharura lilitumwa kwa serikali ya nchi ya [[Afrika]] ya [[Zimbabwe]], ambayo iliunda timu kwa haraka ndani ya kipindi cha chini ya wiki moja kabla ya mashindano kuanza. Kwa mshangao wa kila mtu, timu hiyo ilishinda na kuipatia [[Zimbabwe]] medali pekee katika Michezo ya [[Olimpiki]] ya mwaka '''1980'''. {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} aokeuytoc8hkw01h8rj1udw83nj2j0u 0 256167 1615429 1611463 2026-11-07T21:25:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615429 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyi Sein''' (Kiburma: ညစိန်; alizaliwa tarehe 4 Januari 1964) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Myanmar aliyewahi kuwa mbunge wa [[Bunge]] la Juu la Myanmar (Amyotha Hluttaw), akiwakilisha jimbo bunge namba 5 la Jimbo la Shan.<ref>"[https://pyidaungsu.hluttaw.mm/members/56c563893f609e7c1f8b458a Mp Profile".] Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (in Burmese). Retrieved 19 September 2018.</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Nyi Sein alizaliwa tarehe 4 Januari 1964 huko Namhkam, Jimbo la Shan, nchini Burma, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama Myanmar. Alihitimu shahada ya Sayansi (B.Sc.) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Mandalay. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Nyi Sein ni mwanachama wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Ta'ang. Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa Myanmar wa mwaka 2015, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Bunge la Juu la Myanmar (Amyotha Hluttaw), akiwakilisha jimbo bunge namba 5 la Jimbo la Shan. Pia aliwahi kuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Haki za [[Wanawake]] na Watoto ya Bunge la Juu la Myanmar.<ref>[http://openhluttaw.info/en_US/2017/01/13/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BE%E1%80%BE%E1%80%90%E1%80%BB%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BB-%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD/ "အမျိုးသမီးနှင့် ကလေးသူငယ်အခွင့်အရေးဆိုင်ရာကော်မတီ ဖွဲ့စည်းခြင်း"] {{Wayback|url=http://openhluttaw.info/en_US/2017/01/13/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BE%E1%80%BE%E1%80%90%E1%80%BB%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BB-%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD/ |date=20191017134632 }} (in Burmese). Retrieved 19 September 2018.</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1964]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Myanmar]] 7phoe0pe7qyokxpi6ck003v3cnxbgkx 0 256224 1615463 1611586 2026-11-07T22:56:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615463 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Patricia Akwashiki.jpg|thumb|Patricia Akwashiki]] '''Patricia Naomi Akwashiki''' (alizaliwa [[2 Novemba]] [[1953]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliewahi kuhudumu kama seneta akiwakilisha jimbo la uchaguzi la Nasarawa North katika Seneti ya Nigeria kuanzia mwaka [[2007]] hadi [[2011]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP''). Akwashiki alipata shahada ya kwanza ya Elimu katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ahmadu Bello, kilichoko Zaria, mwaka [[1982]]. Baadae aliingia katika sekta ya benki na kufikia cheo cha meneja mkuu. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Tano la Baraza la Wawakilishi kuanzia mwaka [[2003]] hadi [[2007]] kupitia Chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP)''. Alishindwa kupata uteuzi wa PDP ili kugombea muhula wa pili, hivyo akahamia Chama cha ''All Nigeria Peoples Party'' (''ANPP''). Kupitia chama hicho, alishinda uchaguzi wa mwaka 2007 na kuwa seneta wa Nasarawa North.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200904280618.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015153015/http://allafrica.com/stories/200904280618.html |archivedate=2012-10-15 |accessdate=2026-10-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201001250926.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015153024/http://allafrica.com/stories/201001250926.html |archivedate=2012-10-15 |accessdate=2026-10-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} nsvy30o5req1qflnb8j6un40x58er4y 1615489 1615463 2026-11-08T00:25:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615489 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Patricia Akwashiki.jpg|thumb|Patricia Akwashiki]] '''Patricia Naomi Akwashiki''' (alizaliwa [[2 Novemba]] [[1953]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliewahi kuhudumu kama seneta akiwakilisha jimbo la uchaguzi la Nasarawa North katika Seneti ya Nigeria kuanzia mwaka [[2007]] hadi [[2011]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP''). Akwashiki alipata shahada ya kwanza ya Elimu katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ahmadu Bello, kilichoko Zaria, mwaka [[1982]]. Baadae aliingia katika sekta ya benki na kufikia cheo cha meneja mkuu. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Tano la Baraza la Wawakilishi kuanzia mwaka [[2003]] hadi [[2007]] kupitia Chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP)''. Alishindwa kupata uteuzi wa PDP ili kugombea muhula wa pili, hivyo akahamia Chama cha ''All Nigeria Peoples Party'' (''ANPP''). Kupitia chama hicho, alishinda uchaguzi wa mwaka 2007 na kuwa seneta wa Nasarawa North.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200904280618.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015153015/http://allafrica.com/stories/200904280618.html |archivedate=2012-10-15 |accessdate=2026-10-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201001250926.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015153024/http://allafrica.com/stories/201001250926.html |archivedate=2012-10-15 |accessdate=2026-10-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 4jpwbn6jxjnyoitoa8qwj2s42l66jkn 0 256312 1615225 1611768 2026-11-07T12:49:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1615225 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waboa''' (kwa lugha yao: '''Baboa, Ababua, Ababwa, Babua, Babwa''') ni [[kabila]] la [[watu]] wanaoishi hasa katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (ndio wengi kati ya wakazi wa [[mkoa wa Uele Chini]]). [[Lugha]] ya wengi wao ni [[Kibwa]], mojawapo kati ya [[lugha za Kibantu]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|B]] [[Jamii:mkoa wa Uele Chini]] mg8zu049tqrdye98qpy17yyaj103u4j 0 256315 1615230 1611773 2026-11-07T12:54:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: fixed references and maintenance 1615230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wabwile''' (kwa lugha yao: '''Babwile''') ni [[kabila]] la [[watu]] wanaoishi hasa [[Zambia]] na katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[kaskazini]] mwa [[ziwa Mweru]]. [[Lugha]] ya wengi wao ni [[Kibwile]], mojawapo kati ya [[lugha za Kibantu]], inayotumiwa na watu 32,000 hivi . == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|B]] [[Jamii:makabila ya Zambia|B]] m2viji4y0zkuiswbq6lqjxdhyna7stc 0 256342 1615304 1611838 2026-11-07T14:45:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615304 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hajia Maryam Inna Ciroma''' (alizaliwa [[11 Septemba]] [[1954]]) aliteuliwa na Rais [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] kuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya [[Wanawake]] nchini [[Nigeria]] mwezi Julai 2005, na alihudumu hadi mwaka 2007. Alibadilishwa na Saudatu Bungudu baada ya Rais Umaru Yar'Adua kuapisha baraza lake la mawaziri mwezi Julai 2007. Maryam Ciroma alitanguliwa na Rita Akpan na kurithiwa na Saudatu Bungudu katika nafasi hiyo. == Usuli == Alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ahmadu Bello, kilichoko Zaria, na kuhitimu mwaka 1978 akiwa na shahada ya sayansi ya siasa. Baadae alipata [[Stashahada ya Uzamili|stashahada ya uzamili]] katika utawala wa umma. Alifanya kazi kama mhariri [[mwanafunzi]] katika kituo cha ''NTA'' Kaduna kabla ya kujiunga na utumishi wa umma wa [[serikali]] ya shirikisho.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200911180165.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012232753/http://allafrica.com/stories/200911180165.html |archivedate=2012-10-12 |accessdate=2026-10-29 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/maryam-ciroma</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} icw0rzz8jpgjokb5xnftnimftpvawj8 1615306 1615304 2026-11-07T14:48:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615306 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hajia Maryam Inna Ciroma''' (alizaliwa [[11 Septemba]] [[1954]]) aliteuliwa na Rais [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] kuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya [[Wanawake]] nchini [[Nigeria]] mwezi Julai 2005, na alihudumu hadi mwaka 2007. Alibadilishwa na Saudatu Bungudu baada ya Rais Umaru Yar'Adua kuapisha baraza lake la mawaziri mwezi Julai 2007. Maryam Ciroma alitanguliwa na Rita Akpan na kurithiwa na Saudatu Bungudu katika nafasi hiyo. == Usuli == Alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ahmadu Bello, kilichoko Zaria, na kuhitimu mwaka 1978 akiwa na shahada ya sayansi ya siasa. Baadae alipata [[Stashahada ya Uzamili|stashahada ya uzamili]] katika utawala wa umma. Alifanya kazi kama mhariri [[mwanafunzi]] katika kituo cha ''NTA'' Kaduna kabla ya kujiunga na utumishi wa umma wa [[serikali]] ya shirikisho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200911180165.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012232753/http://allafrica.com/stories/200911180165.html |archivedate=2012-10-12 |accessdate=2026-10-29 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/maryam-ciroma</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 75fsvncld1r4631lzanf0cjwepnqo6z 0 256450 1615175 1612052 2026-11-07T12:08:12Z ANTONY ILDEFONS 74003 Malekebisho ya nakala 1615175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stella Unuezi Omu''' (alizaliwa [[22 Desemba]] [[1946]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliyechaguliwa kuwa seneta kupitia chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP'') mwaka [[1999]], akiwakilisha Jimbo la Uchaguzi la Useneta la Delta Kusini katika [[Jimbo la Delta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=THISDAYonline|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|work=www.thisdayonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Garry B. Walker: garrywa@crosswinds.net}}</ref> == Historia yake == Omu ana asili ya [[jamii]] ya Isoko. Alizaliwa tarehe 22 Desemba [[1946]]. [[Mume]] wake ni Meja Jenerali mstaafu Paul Omu, ambaye hapo awali alikuwa [[Gavana]] wa [[Kishineu|Kijeshi]] wa [[Jimbo]] la Kusini-Mashariki la Nigeria. Ana [[watoto]] sita: [[Mabinti wa Jua|mabinti]] watatu na wavulana watatu.Aliwahi kuwa Naibu Mdhibiti Mkuu Msaidizi wa ''Nigerian Immigration Service''. Alistaafu kutoka katika utumishi wa umma akiwa Mdhibiti wa ''Prisons Service''. Pia alikuwa [[Mtume Petro|mjumbe]] wa kamati ya ugawaji wa [[madaraka]] katika [[Bunge]] la Katiba la mwaka 1994–1995.<ref>https://guardian.ng/tag/stella-omu/</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=THISDAYonline|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|work=www.thisdayonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Garry B. Walker: garrywa@crosswinds.net}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} kv8br37m7itc80afwmcj523mguxfbap 1615344 1615175 2026-11-07T16:29:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615344 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stella Unuezi Omu''' (alizaliwa [[22 Desemba]] [[1946]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliyechaguliwa kuwa seneta kupitia chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP'') mwaka [[1999]], akiwakilisha Jimbo la Uchaguzi la Useneta la Delta Kusini katika [[Jimbo la Delta]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THISDAYonline|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|work=www.thisdayonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Garry B. Walker: garrywa@crosswinds.net}}</ref> == Historia yake == Omu ana asili ya [[jamii]] ya Isoko. Alizaliwa tarehe 22 Desemba [[1946]]. [[Mume]] wake ni Meja Jenerali mstaafu Paul Omu, ambaye hapo awali alikuwa [[Gavana]] wa [[Kishineu|Kijeshi]] wa [[Jimbo]] la Kusini-Mashariki la Nigeria. Ana [[watoto]] sita: [[Mabinti wa Jua|mabinti]] watatu na wavulana watatu.Aliwahi kuwa Naibu Mdhibiti Mkuu Msaidizi wa ''Nigerian Immigration Service''. Alistaafu kutoka katika utumishi wa umma akiwa Mdhibiti wa ''Prisons Service''. Pia alikuwa [[Mtume Petro|mjumbe]] wa kamati ya ugawaji wa [[madaraka]] katika [[Bunge]] la Katiba la mwaka 1994–1995.<ref>https://guardian.ng/tag/stella-omu/</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THISDAYonline|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|work=www.thisdayonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Garry B. Walker: garrywa@crosswinds.net}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 7x8f5ehp2upy78hyjsqq7p4s2xw2k0m 1615552 1615344 2026-11-08T05:51:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615552 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stella Unuezi Omu''' (alizaliwa [[22 Desemba]] [[1946]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Nigeria]] aliyechaguliwa kuwa seneta kupitia chama cha ''People's Democratic Party (PDP'') mwaka [[1999]], akiwakilisha Jimbo la Uchaguzi la Useneta la Delta Kusini katika [[Jimbo la Delta]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THISDAYonline|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|work=www.thisdayonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Garry B. Walker: garrywa@crosswinds.net|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202191041/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|archivedate=2005-12-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Historia yake == Omu ana asili ya [[jamii]] ya Isoko. Alizaliwa tarehe 22 Desemba [[1946]]. [[Mume]] wake ni Meja Jenerali mstaafu Paul Omu, ambaye hapo awali alikuwa [[Gavana]] wa [[Kishineu|Kijeshi]] wa [[Jimbo]] la Kusini-Mashariki la Nigeria. Ana [[watoto]] sita: [[Mabinti wa Jua|mabinti]] watatu na wavulana watatu.Aliwahi kuwa Naibu Mdhibiti Mkuu Msaidizi wa ''Nigerian Immigration Service''. Alistaafu kutoka katika utumishi wa umma akiwa Mdhibiti wa ''Prisons Service''. Pia alikuwa [[Mtume Petro|mjumbe]] wa kamati ya ugawaji wa [[madaraka]] katika [[Bunge]] la Katiba la mwaka 1994–1995.<ref>https://guardian.ng/tag/stella-omu/</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THISDAYonline|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|work=www.thisdayonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Garry B. Walker: garrywa@crosswinds.net|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202191041/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2001/11/10/20011110cov02.html|archivedate=2005-12-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 3th0i5y3i97bulhpz5znlahs862y7x4 0 256452 1615339 1615147 2026-11-07T16:09:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rita Akpan''' (alizaliwa [[28 Septemba]] [[1944]] huko Akwa Ibom) ni [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Nigeria]] aliewahi kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Shirikisho wa Masuala ya [[Wanawake]] katika Baraza la Mawaziri la Rais [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], kuanzia Julai 2003 hadi Juni 2005.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/rita-akpan|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi yake == Kuanzia mwaka 1968 hadi 1986, Rita alifanya kazi katika ''American International School'', iliyopo Victoria Island, [[Lagos]], na katika ''Federal Ministry of Education''. Aliwahi kuwa Mkuu wa Idara ya Kifaransa katika ''Federal Government Girls' College'', Calabar, Mkaguzi wa Shirikisho wa Lugha ya Kifaransa, na baadae Naibu Mkuu wa ''Federal Government Girls' College, Calabar''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/rita-akpan|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> Rita Akpan akizungumza lugha ya Ibibio. Akpan aliwahi kuwa katibu wa [[Serikali]] ya [[Jimbo la Akwa Ibom]] wakati wa muhula wa kwanza wa utawala wa Gavana Victor Attah. Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Mawaziri katika utawala wa kwanza wa kiraia wa Jimbo la Akwa Ibom. Mwaka 1992, aliteuliwa kuwa Mshauri Maalumu wa Habari na Utamaduni kwa Gavana wa Jimbo la Akwa Ibom.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20060721044351/http://www.nigeriafirst.org/docs/ministers_profiles.htm</ref><ref>https://mydreamgov.app/leaders/rita-akpan-1</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} t7ol2rkln3tenf7ff97hqrn34bkppgh 0 256453 1615307 1615140 2026-11-07T14:49:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615307 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masha Mapenzi''' (alizaliwa Watamu, Kenya) ni [[mwimbaji]] wa Kiafrika wa [[muziki]] wa Injili na Afro-fusion. Mapenzi huimba katika mitindo mbalimbali ya muziki, kama vile chakacha, [[taarab]], bango na afrobeat. Alishinda msimu wa kwanza wa mashindano ya ''Pop Idol'' nchini [[Kenya]], ambapo aliimba wimbo maarufu wa tenzi za dini uitwao “''When Peace, Like a River''” kwa mtindo wake mwenyewe.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Masha Mapenzi|url=https://play.mdundo.com/artist/377249/Masha-Mapenzi?utm_source=mdundo&utm_medium=geo&utm_campaign=geo_redirect|work=play.mdundo.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref>Albamu yake ya kwanza inaitwa Uhiko (inapatikana kwa kupakuliwa kupitia iTunes). Albamu hiyo inajumuisha wimbo “Nainua Macho Yangu” pamoja na nyimbo “Uhiko”, “Mahabubu” na “Tamu Tamu”.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Masha Mapenzi|url=https://play.mdundo.com/artist/377249/Masha-Mapenzi?utm_source=mdundo&utm_medium=geo&utm_campaign=geo_redirect|work=play.mdundo.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref>Wimbo “Uhiko” ulishinda [[tuzo]] ya Msanii Bora wa Mwaka wa ''Diaspora'' katika ''Coast Awards'' mwaka [[2010]]. Pia, katika (''Coast Awards)'' za mwaka huo, alishika nafasi ya pili katika kipengele cha Msanii Bora wa Kike wa Mwaka.<ref>https://play.mdundo.com/artist/377249/Masha-Mapenzi?utm_source=mdundo&utm_medium=geo&utm_campaign=geo_redirect</ref><ref>https://musicinafrica.net/directory/masha-mapenzi/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} t74pu38ggdijjk0i44q3o3g491kiimk 0 256458 1615406 1612403 2026-11-07T19:13:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615406 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | Soukous, afrobeat, rock, pop, jazz na muziki wa jadi |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Sanza, mbela, ongo, ngombi na ieta |} '''Muziki wa [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]''' unajumuisha mitindo na miondoko mbalimbali. Muziki wa [[rock]] na [[pop]] kutoka Magharibi, pamoja na [[afrobeat]], [[soukous]] na mitindo mingine, imepata umaarufu mkubwa nchini kote. [[Mbira|Sanza]] ni ala maarufu sana inayotumika katika muziki huo. Wapigmi wana utamaduni tajiri na wa kipekee wa muziki wa asili. Mchanganyiko wa sauti nyingi na miondoko mbalimbali ni sehemu kuu ya muziki wao. Pia, muziki wa parapanda wa [[Wabanda]] umepata umaarufu nje ya eneo hilo kwa sababu ya mdundo wake unaofanana na [[jazz]]. Wambaka wanatumia ala ya pekee inayoitwa [[mbela]], iliyotengenezwa kwa tawi lililopinda na uzi uliovutwa pande mbili na kuwekwa mbele ya mdomo wa mwanamuziki. Uzi huo unapopigwa, mdomo hutumika kuongeza ukubwa na kubadilisha sauti. Ala zinazofanana na mbela wakati mwingine hutazamwa kama mababu wa zamani zaidi wa ala zote za nyuzi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/central_african_republic/printable.htm|title=Lonely Planet World Guide &#124; Destination Central African Republic|website=www.lonelyplanet.com|accessdate=Apr 30, 2026}}</ref> Wimbo wa taifa wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ni "[[La Renaissance]]". Wimbo huu, ambao umekuwa wimbo wa taifa tangu mwaka 1960, uliandikwa maneno na [[Barthélémy Boganda]], Rais wa kwanza wa nchi hiyo, na muziki wake ukatungwa na [[Herbert Pepper]], ambaye pia alitunga wimbo wa taifa wa [[Senegal]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://nationalanthems.info/cf.htm|title=Central African Republic – nationalanthems.info|accessdate=Apr 30, 2026}}</ref> == Muziki maarufu == Muziki maarufu nchini Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati kwa ujumla unatokana na [[Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] au sehemu nyingine za Afrika. Hata hivyo, muziki wa Amerika ya Kusini, Ulaya, na pop ya Marekani pia unapendwa, pamoja na [[jazz]] na [[rock and roll]]. Hadithi za asili za Kiafrika pia ni maarufu sana, kama vile Panda.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Paillard |first=Boris |date=29 February 2024 |title=Central African music, in search of lost treasures |url=http://http//https%3A%2F%2Fpan-african-music.com%2Fen%2Fcentral-african-music%2F |access-date=23 August 2025 |website=Pan African Music |language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Muziki wa asili == === Muziki wa Wabanda === Watu wa kabila la [[Wabanda]] wametengeneza muziki wa kisasa kwa kutumia parapanda katika miondoko ya [[jazz]], ambao Shirika la [[UNESCO]] limeuita miongoni mwa "uvumbuzi mkubwa wa kimuziki wa karne yetu".<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/cdmusic/html%5Feng/caf.shtml|title=UNESCO Collection of Traditional Music of the World: Central African Republic|website=www.unesco.org|accessdate=Apr 30, 2026}}</ref> Muziki wa asili wa Wabanda unajumuisha ''ongo'', aina ya parapanda iliyotengenezwa kwa mti au pembe ya [[swala]]. ''Ongo'' hutumika katika sherehe na tambiko, ikiwa ni pamoja na sherehe za jando na unyago za vijana, zikipigwa kwa pamoja katika vikundi vya parapanda kumi na nane.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banda Music of the Central African Republic - Sound Clip - MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829024455/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Muziki wa Wabilikimo === [[Muziki wa Wabilikimo]] una muundo unaojirudia ukibadilika taratibu. Unategemea kurudiarudia vipindi vyenye urefu sawa, ambapo kila mwimbaji hugawa mdundo kwa kutumia sauti tofauti kulingana na aina ya wimbo. Mfumo huu wa kipekee wa muziki huunda mabadiliko yasiyo na mwisho. Wapigmi wenyewe hawajifunzi au kuutazama muziki wao kwa nadharia hizi za kitaalamu, bali hujifunza tangu wakiwa watoto wanapokua. Mitindo yao inajumuisha ''liquindi'' (upigaji wa ngoma majini) na ala kama kinubi cha [[ieta]], [[ngombi]] (kinubi cha bodi), na [[limbindi]] (uta wa nyuzi). == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Jisomee== *Abram, Dave. "Sounds From the African Rainforest". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), ''World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East'', pp 601–607. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. {{ISBN|1-85828-636-0}} *{{cite web|title=Banda Music of the Central African Republic - Sound Clip - MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829024455/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461532789/Banda_Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic.html|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.ville-ge.ch/meg/musinfo_ph.php?what=pays=Centrafricaine,%20R%E9publique&debut=0&bool=AND Sampuli za sauti: Muziki wa asili wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati.] [[Musée d'ethnographie de Genève]]. {{DEFAULTSORT:Muziki Wa Jamhuri Ya Afrika Ya Kati}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati| ]] [[Jamii:Muziki wa Afrika ya Kati]] jmts60u4lujlc93m18d25we44y4m16e 0 256460 1615407 1612406 2026-11-07T19:15:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615407 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Papa Wemba and Koffi Olomide, 1988.jpg|250px|Papa Wemba na Koffi Olomide wakitumbuiza mwaka 1988]]<br /><small>[[Papa Wemba]] na [[Koffi Olomide]], nguli wa muziki wa Soukous, wakitumbuiza mwaka 1988</small> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #2e8b57; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Asili: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mitindo kuu: | style="padding: 3px;" | Rumba ya Kongo, soukous, ndombolo, maringa na muziki wa jadi |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Ala zinazohusishwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Sanza (likembe), gitaa, ngoma za asili (tam-tam), lokole na pluriarc |} '''Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo''' unajumuisha mila na mitindo mbalimbali ya kitamaduni.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=87hiSNu_wHQC |title=Commodities and Globalization: Anthropological Perspectives |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2000 |editor-last=Haugerud |editor-first=Angelique |location=Lanham, Maryland, United States |pages=34–49 |isbn=0-8476-9943-9 |language=English |editor-last2=Stone |editor-first2=Margaret Priscilla |editor-last3=Little |editor-first3=Peter D.}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |date=22 January 2022 |title=Beneath the rhythm, Congolese rumba is a link to the past |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/culture/2022/01/22/beneath-the-rhythm-congolese-rumba-is-a-link-to-the-past |access-date=22 August 2023 |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Muziki wa asili hutumika kwa burudani, kuwasilisha desturi, hisia, na maadili ya kijamii katika sherehe za kuzaliwa, ndoa, jando, na misiba.<ref name=":7">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Enyimo |first=Martin |date=6 August 2005 |title=Congo-Kinshasa: Instruments et cris traditionnels dans le folklore congolais |trans-title=Congo-Kinshasa: Traditional Instruments and Cries in Congolese Folklore |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200508070001.html |access-date=29 July 2025 |website=[[Le Potentiel]] |language=fr |publication-place=Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Miondoko ya Kikongo imekuwa na mchango mkubwa sana katika kuunda mitindo ya muziki barani Afrika na kwingineko.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Sohonie |first=Vik |date=12 November 2021 |title=Analysis: Musical Roots Run Deep in the Congo |url=https://www.theelephant.info/analysis/2021/11/12/musical-roots-run-deep-in-the-congo/ |access-date=29 July 2026 |website=The Elephant |language=en-US}}</ref> Muziki maarufu wa kisasa ulianza kukua sambamba na upanuzi wa miji katika miaka ya 1930, ambapo wasanii wa hapa walipata fursa ya kusikiliza mitindo ya kimataifa kama vile [[rumba ya Cuba]], [[jazz]], [[blues]], na [[highlife]].<ref name=":7" /> Katika miaka ya 1940 na 1950, ujio wa rekodi za muziki wa [[Cuba]] ulichochea kuzaliwa kwa mtindo maarufu wa [[Rumba ya Kongo]].<ref name=":223">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Mukuna |first=Kazadi wa |date=7 December 2014 |title=A brief history of popular music in DRC |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/brief-history-popular-music-drc |access-date=25 August 2023 |website=Music in Africa}}</ref> Kufikia miaka ya 1960 na 1970, rumba ilizalisha miondoko ya kasi kama vile soukous, na baadaye ndombolo mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1990.<ref name=":53">{{Rejea kitabu |last=Stewart |first=Gary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKEHO1z413EC&q=Belgium+and+the+Congo+once+again+unimpeded,+a+Belgian+entrepreneur+named+Fernand+Janssens+had+come+to+L%C3%A9opoldville+with+a+portable,+direct-to-disc+recording+machine. |title=Rumba on the River: A History of the Popular Music of the Two Congos |date=17 November 2003 |publisher=[[Verso Books]] |isbn=978-1-85984-368-0 |pages=134–136}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last1=Falola |first1=Toyin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UOTNEAAAQBAJ&dq=Ndombolo+derived+from+soukous&pg=PT419 |title=Africa: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society [3 volumes] |last2=Jean-Jacques |first2=Daniel |date=14 December 2015 |publisher=[[ABC-Clio]] |isbn=979-8-216-04273-0 |location=Santa Barbara, California, United States}}</ref> == Muziki wa asili na ala == Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo ina makabila yanayozidi 250 yaliyogawanywa katika makundi makuu manne ya lugha: Kibantu, Sudani ya Kati, Niloti, na Wapigmi.<ref name=":28">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Malu-Malu |first=Arthur |date=5 January 2026 |title=RDC: l'élément ethnique prend-il de l'ampleur dans le débat public? |trans-title=DRC: Is the ethnic element gaining prominence in the public debate? |url=https://www.makanisi.org/rdc-lelement-ethnique-prend-il-de-lampleur-dans-le-debat-public/ |access-date=10 February 2026 |website=Makanisi |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Kila kabila lina mila na ala zake za kipekee za kimuziki. Mbali na burudani, baadhi ya ala kama vile ngoma za ''lokole'' zilitumika kihistoria kuwasilisha jumbe za siri kati ya vijiji kupitia milio maalum.<ref name=":26">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Malonga |first=Samuel |date=10 September 2022 |title=Les instruments des musiques traditionnelles du Congo |trans-title=The Instruments of Traditional Congolese Music |url=https://www.mbokamosika.com/2022/09/les-instruments-des-musiques-traditionnelles-du-congo.html |access-date=22 August 2025 |website=Mbokamosika |language=fr}}</ref> === Ala za upepo (Aerophones) === Ala hizi zinajumuisha filimbi na parapanda zinazotengenezwa kwa vifaa vya asili kama mianzi, miti, na mimea yenye mashimo ndani. Filimbi za kuvukisha upepo na filimbi za puani zinatumika sana na makabila mbalimbali kama vile Shi, Hema, na Yanzi.<ref name=":26" /> === Ala za nyuzi (Chordophones) === Zinatengenezwa kwa nyuzi za asili kama vile nyuzi za raphia, magome ya miti, au waya wa chuma. Baadhi ya ala zinazojulikana ni pamoja na vinubi vya kupinda (arched harps kama ''kundi''), fimbo za muziki (stick zither), na uta wa muziki (musical bow).<ref name=":26" /> === Ala za kujitetemesha (Idiophones) === Ala maarufu zaidi katika kundi hili ni sanza (au likembe/thumb piano), ambayo inajumuisha kijisanduku cha mbao chenye vipande vya chuma au mianzi vinavyopigwa kwa vidole. Sanza imechukua nafasi kubwa katika kuhamasisha miondoko ya gitaa la pekee (solo guitar) katika muziki wa kisasa wa Kongo.<ref name=":26" /> Kundi hili pia linajumuisha maracas za kienyeji, kengele, na ngoma za mbao za ''lokole''.<ref name=":26" /> === Ngoma za ngozi (Membranophones) === Ngoma zinazotengenezwa kwa magome ya miti na ngozi ya wanyama (kama ng'ombe, mbuzi, au swala) huchukuliwa kama "mfalme" wa ala za asili. Zinatoa mdundo mkuu unaoongoza dansi katika sherehe na matukio mbalimbali ya kijamii.<ref name=":26" /> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/brief-history-popular-music-drc Brief history of popular music in DRC] - Music in Africa {{DEFAULTSORT:Muziki Wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Muziki wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo| ]] [[Jamii:muziki wa Afrika]] 4asc0wbhl45dwxx08cwmdo7cv56akfw 0 256689 1615265 1615019 2026-11-07T13:25:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Habiba Bouhamed Chaabouni''' ni profesa wa [[Jenetikia|jenetiki]] ya tiba katika chuo kikuu cha [[Tunis]]. Mnamo mwaka 1981 alianzisha huduma ya kwanza ya ushauri wa kijenetiki kisha akaanzisha tafiti zake<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Success : Biography of Habiba BOUHAMED CHAABOUNI|url=http://www.africansuccess.org/visuFiche.php?id=795&lang=en|work=www.africansuccess.org|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Les Idées Net - www.lesideesnet.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Success : Biography of Habiba BOUHAMED CHAABOUNI|url=http://www.africansuccess.org/visuFiche.php?id=795&lang=en|work=www.africansuccess.org|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Les Idées Net - www.lesideesnet.com}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Tunisia]] l1wnquuq6q8q7enqombgj1jsqbaz5fb 0 256707 1615166 1613493 2026-11-07T12:03:03Z Amina sauli 89067 1615166 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Pauline Black.jpg|thumb|Muonekano wa Pauline Black.]] '''Belinda Magnus'''(amezaliwa [[23 Oktoba]], [[1953]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Pauline Black''' ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Uingereza]].<ref name="JC">{{cite news|title=She sang the protest songs the last time Britain rioted|url=http://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/53051/she-sang-protest-songs-last-time-britain-rioted|newspaper=[[The Jewish Chronicle]]|date=11 August 2011| access-date=14 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121050609/https://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/53051/she-sang-protest-songs-last-time-britain-rioted |archive-date=21 November 2011}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uingereza]] 6nvg24mthatkq2rucvojc0mr55mnz2q 0 256708 1615177 1613526 2026-11-07T12:08:44Z Amina sauli 89067 1615177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dkt. Salamatu Hussaini Suleiman''' ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Nigeria]], msimamizi wa umma na mshauri wa [[biashara]]. Hussaini amewahi kushika nyadhifa mbili za uwaziri katika Serikali ya Shirikisho la Nigeria na kuhudumu kama Kamishna katika Tume ya [[ECOWAS]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=4 November 2022 |title=Meet our Discussant – Dr. Salamatu Hussaini Suleiman FICMC |url=https://www.icmcng.org/meet-our-discussant-dr-salamatu-hussaini-suleiman-ficmc/ |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=Institute of Chartered Mediators and Conciliators (ICMC)}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Board Members {{!}} New Nigeria Devt. Company Ltd |url=https://www.nndcgroup.com.ng/es/content/board-members |access-date=2026-04-12 |website=www.nndcgroup.com.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |date=23 March 2021 |title=Buhari appoints Salamatu Suleiman as Human Rights Commission chairman |url=https://chronicle.ng/buhari-appoints-salamatu-suleiman-as-human-rights-commission-chairman/ |access-date=2025-11-20 |work=Chronicle NG}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati]] 8hrzzopix8pkjfr52yytxoo1sadjgru 0 256709 1615198 1613498 2026-11-07T12:30:41Z Amina sauli 89067 1615198 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Zodwa Nsibande.jpg|thumb|Muonekano wa Zodwa Nsibande]] '''Zodwa Nsibande''' ni [[mwanaharakati]] wa masuala ya makazi kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] na aliyekuwa Katibu Mkuu wa zamani wa ligi ya [[vijana]] ya ''Abahlali baseMjondolo''. ==Maisha ya awali== Zodwa Nsibande alizaliwa mwaka [[1984|1984,]] huko Enhlalakahle, KwaZulu Natal, kisha familia yake ikahamia [[Durban]].<ref name="Colley">{{cite news |last1=Colley |first1=C. |title=South Africa: 'Getting electricity was so exciting' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/11/southafrica-poverty |access-date=3 January 2026 |work=The Guardian |date=11 September 2009}}</ref><ref name="AbM">{{cite web |title=Zodwa Nsibande |url=https://abahlali.org/node/5529/ |website=Abahlali baseMjondolo |access-date=3 January 2026 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984|}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] jboz9co0o0abt8q8g8u61802si06jdj 0 256713 1615266 1614836 2026-11-07T13:25:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hala El Badry''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1954]] mjini [[Cairo]]) ni [[mwandishi wa habari]] na mwandishi wa [[riwaya]] wa [[Misri]], aliyehitimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cairo. Yeye ni naibu mhariri wa jarida la Misri kuhusu redio na [[televisheni]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=العربي |first=Arab World Books منتدى الكتاب |title={{!}} Arab World Books |url=https://www.arabworldbooks.com/en/authors/hala-el-badry |access-date=2025-05-13 |website=www.arabworldbooks.com}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Hala El Badry (aliyezaliwa mwaka [[1954]] mjini Cairo) ni [[mwandishi]] wa [[habari]] na [[mwandishi]] wa vitabu kutoka Misri. Alipata stashahada ya [[Uandishi]] wa [[Habari]] katika Kitivo cha Habari mwaka 1988 na Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sanaa katika Biashara kutoka [[Chuo]] Kikuu cha Cairo mwaka [[1975]]. El Badry aliwahi kuwa [[Mwenyekiti]] wa [[Bodi]] ya Wakurugenzi na Mhariri Mkuu wa Jarida la Redio ya Misri na [[Televisheni]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1975 hadi [[1980]], alifanya kazi kama mwandishi wa habari wa jarida la Rose Al-Youssef nchini Baghdad.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hala El Badry, Muntaha|url=http://www.greenmanreview.com/book/book_badry_muntaha_.html|work=www.greenmanreview.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=reviewer}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] j9cq2droqnai4hhbhzmh64ck0unl0rj 0 256716 1615349 1614900 2026-11-07T16:43:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615349 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumi Makgabo''' ni mtangazaji wa [[televisheni]] kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]]. Kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi 2005, alikuwa mtangazaji wa vipindi vya masuala ya sasa katika Cable News Network (CNN).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Manser |first1=Riaan |title=Around Africa on My Bicycle |date=13 September 2010 |publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers |isbn=978-1-86842-401-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SMbnDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Tumi+Makgabo%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT595 |language=en}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100618110150/http://www.tumimakgabo.com/home/index.html Official website]</ref> == Kazi == Tumi Makgabo amefanya kazi ya utangazaji kwa zaidi ya muongo mmoja (miaka kumi), nchini Afrika Kusini na pia katika kituo cha kimataifa cha habari cha [[CNN]] International, kilichopo [[Atlanta, Georgia|(Atlanta]], Marekani). Akiwa CNN, alifanya kazi kama mtangazaji mkuu na mtayarishaji mwenza wa kipindi cha ndani ya Afrika. Mwaka [[2006]], alianzisha kampuni yake ya utayarishaji wa vipindi iitwayo Tumi & Co. [[Kampuni]] hiyo ilitayarisha kipindi cha (Talk with Tumi Makgabo) kilichoonyeshwa kupitia kituo cha televisheni cha M-Net. Pia, [[kampuni]] hiyo inaendelea kutengeneza vipindi virefu na makala za hali halisi (documentaries) kwa ajili ya kurushwa hewani na matumizi ya ndani ya [[taasisi]]. Aidha, kampuni yake huendesha programu za kukuza na kuendeleza ujuzi wa habari na mawasiliano kwa wafanyakazi wa [[Makampuni Memba (Soko la Hisa la Nairobi)|makampuni]] pamoja na watu binafsi.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=SMbnDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Tumi+Makgabo%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT595&redir_esc=y|title=Around Africa On My Bicycle|last=Manser|first=Riaan|date=2010-09-13|publisher=Jonathan Ball Publishers|isbn=978-1-86842-401-6|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] 2j4k4qbvnib9fgwgdjwrwllig7t6xis 0 256717 1615284 1614957 2026-11-07T13:54:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ka-Nefer-Nefer''' alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa tabaka la juu katika [[Misri ya kale]], aliyeishi wakati wa Nasaba ya Kumi na Tisa. Katika nyakati za kisasa, anajulikana kwa barakoa yake ya mazishi, ambayo inamilikiwa na Saint Louis Art Museum.<ref>[http://culturalheritagelawyer.blogspot.ca/2014/06/eighth-circuit-rules-in-case-of-ka.html Eighth Circuit Rules in the Case of the Ka Nefer Nefer Mummy Mask] Cultural Heritage Lawyer, Thursday, June 12, 2014</ref> Maski ya Ka-Nefer-Nefer ilitengenezwa kwa plasta iliyopakwa [[rangi]] na kufunikwa kwa dhahabu, juu ya kitambaa cha kitani (linen) kilichowekwa juu ya [[Ubao|mbao]]. Maski hiyo imehifadhiwa ndani ya sanduku maalumu lenye [[Mfumo wa mmeng'enyo wa chakula|mfumo]] wa kudhibiti hali ya hewa katika Jumba la [[Jumba la Makumbusho|Makumbusho]] la [[Sanaa]] la Saint Louis (Saint Louis Art Museum). [[Sanduku]] hilo limeandikwa “Maski ya Mummy, [[Misri]], Nasaba ya 19. Ka-Nefer-Nefer aligunduliwa mwaka 1952 na Mohammed Zakaria Goneim katika kaburi lililozikwa juu ya Piramidi ya Ngazi ya Djoser, katika eneo la [[Makaburi ya Lawn ya Fairview|makaburi]] la Saqqara [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Misri]] .Mwili wake haukuhifadhiwa kwa njia ya kuondoa viungo na kuufanya mummy, na ulikuwa umeoza vibaya. Hata hivyo, alikuwa amevaa maski iliyotengenezwa kwa ustadi mkubwa iliyofunika kichwa na mabega yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eighth Circuit Rules in the Case of the Ka Nefer Nefer Mummy Mask|url=https://culturalheritagelawyer.com/eighth-circuit-rules-in-case-of-ka/|work=Cultural Heritage Lawyer|date=2014-06-12|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=Rick St Hilaire}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eighth Circuit Rules in the Case of the Ka Nefer Nefer Mummy Mask|url=https://culturalheritagelawyer.com/eighth-circuit-rules-in-case-of-ka/|work=Cultural Heritage Lawyer|date=2014-06-12|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=Rick St Hilaire}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] 5kwqrkq8bggz37x5sv0snsejd2c6ysz 0 256785 1615249 1613714 2026-11-07T13:13:03Z Francakiria 45589 1615249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Zeina|jina la asili=زينة|picha=Zeina.png|jina la kuzaliwa=Wessam Reda Ismail Morsi|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=[[Cairo]], Egypt|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=4/2/1977|kazi_yake=Mwigizaji}} '''Zeina''' (amezaliwa kwa jina la '''Wessam Reda Ismail Morsi''', [[4 Februari|Februari 4]] [[1977]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] kutoka [[Misri]]. Alianza uigizaji mwaka [[1995]] na tangu wakati huo ameshiriki katika [[filamu]] nyingi na vipindi vya [[televisheni]]. Anajulikana kuwa miongoni mwa waigizaji bora na warembo zaidi nchini Misri.<ref name="TopBeautifulWomenZeina">{{cite web |title=Top-30 Most Beautiful Egyptian Women. Photo Gallery |url=https://top-beautiful-women.com/lists/item/33-most-beautiful-egyptian-women |website=Top-Beautiful-Women.com |date=15 January 2013 |access-date=27 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="IMDbList541934026">{{cite web |title=IMDb List |url=https://www.imdb.com/list/ls541934026/ |website=IMDb |publisher=IMDb |access-date=27 August 2026}}</ref> == Kazi == Alianza kazi yake kama mwanamitindo katika video za muziki akitumia jina lake halisi, Wesam. Zeina alichaguliwa na mkurugenzi maarufu Daoud Abdel Sayed kucheza nafasi ya Hanna katika filamu ya ''Ard El Kof (Land of Fear),'' ambayo ilikuwa mwanzo wa safari yake ya uigizaji. Pia alifanya kazi kama mtangazaji katika mojawapo ya vituo vya televisheni vya ''Arab Radio and Television'' (ART).Tangu alipoanza kazi ya uigizaji, ameigiza katika filamu na tamthilia nyingi za televisheni, zikiwemo ''Afaryt el-Sayala (Ghosts of Sayala)'' mwaka [[2004]] na ''El Haya fe Montana el Laza (Joys of Life)'' mwaka [[2005]].Mwigizaji huyo aliamua kutumia jina la kisanii Zeina alipoanza rasmi kazi yake ya uigizaji. Mkurugenzi Youssef Chahine alimpa jina la utani la “Sophia Loren wa Waarabu” baada ya kumuona katika filamu ''El Haya fe Montaha el Laza.'' Kwa upande mwingine, mwigizaji mashuhuri marehemu Ahmed Zaki alimwita “Penélope Cruz” kutokana na kufanana kwake na mwigizaji huyo wa Kihispania.Zeina anajulikana kwa nafasi zake katika filamu mbalimbali, zikiwemo ''El Haya fe Montaha el Laza, Sayed El Atefy, El Sahabh, El Gezyra, 90 Minutes, Puskas, Trapezoid, Captain Hima, One-Zero, na Two Girls From Egypt.'' [[Faili:Zeina,_MENA_(2020).png|thumb|262x262px|Zeina mwaka 2020]] Pia anajulikana kwa uigizaji wake katika vipindi na tamthilia za televisheni kama vile ''Al Layla Wa Elly Feeha, Afaryt el-Sayala, Hadret el Motaham Aby, Li Aala Seer,'' na tamthilia maarufu ya ''Gaafar El Omda''.Zeina ameshinda tuzo nyingi katika tasnia ya filamu na televisheni. Miongoni mwa tuzo muhimu zaidi ni tuzo ya Mwigizaji Bora wa Kike kwa miaka ya 2005 na [[2006]] katika tuzo zilizopigiwa kura na watazamaji. Pia alishinda tuzo ya Uigizaji Bora wa Kipekee kutokana na nafasi yake katika tamthilia ya ''My Father the Defendant,'' aliyoshirikiana na nyota Nour El Sherif.Aidha, mwaka [[2013]] alishinda tuzo ya ''Egyptian Film Association'' kutokana na uigizaji wake katika filamu ya ''Two Girls from Egypt.'' ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1977|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hs9e2po9tjtl1y60p8lpeaj7017q5vx 0 256786 1615218 1613668 2026-11-07T12:44:54Z Francakiria 45589 1615218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Jurema Ferraz|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=14/02/1985|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=Namibe, [[Angola]]}} '''Jurema Ferraz''' (amezaliwa tarehe [[14 Februari]], [[1985]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] kutoka [[Angola]] na mshindi wa taji la mashindano ya urembo. Alitawazwa kuwa Mrembo wa Angola mwaka [[2010]] na kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya Mrembo wa Dunia ya mwaka 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120224181627/http://missangolaoficial.com/ Official Miss Angola website]</ref> == Mrembo wa Angola == Ferraz ana urefu wa mita 1.80. Alishiriki katika mashindano ya kitaifa ya urembo ya Angola yaliyoitwa Mrembo wa Angola, yaliyofanyika mjini [[Luanda]] [[10 Desemba|Desemba]] [[10 Desemba|10]], [[2009]].Katika mashindano hayo, alifanikiwa kushinda taji la mrembo wa Angola. Ushindi huo ulimpa nafasi ya kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya urembo ya dunia ya ''Miss Universe'' yaliyofanyika mwaka 2010. == Mrembo wa Dunia mwaka 2010 == Akiwa mwakilishi rasmi wa Angola, Jurema Ferraz alishiriki katika mashindano ya urembo ya dunia ya mwaka 2010. Mashindano hayo yalirushwa moja kwa moja kupitia [[televisheni]] kutoka [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]], katika jimbo la Nevada, nchini [[Marekani]], [[23 Agosti|Agosti]] [[23 Agosti|23]], 2010.Jurema alikuwa miongoni mwa washiriki 83 kutoka nchi mbalimbali waliokuwa wakishindania taji la urembo wa dunia. Mwishowe, Ximena Navarrete kutoka nchini [[Meksiko]] ndiye aliyeshinda taji hilo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Universe 2010|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/celebrity/miss-universe-2010-20100824-13o1a.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2010-08-24|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] fjeidyvmlmhvzj7gbwxcuwnen8upfge 1615283 1615218 2026-11-07T13:53:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Jurema Ferraz|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=14/02/1985|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=Namibe, [[Angola]]}} '''Jurema Ferraz''' (amezaliwa tarehe [[14 Februari]], [[1985]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] kutoka [[Angola]] na mshindi wa taji la mashindano ya urembo. Alitawazwa kuwa Mrembo wa Angola mwaka [[2010]] na kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya Mrembo wa Dunia ya mwaka 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120224181627/http://missangolaoficial.com/ Official Miss Angola website]</ref> == Mrembo wa Angola == Ferraz ana urefu wa mita 1.80. Alishiriki katika mashindano ya kitaifa ya urembo ya Angola yaliyoitwa Mrembo wa Angola, yaliyofanyika mjini [[Luanda]] [[10 Desemba|Desemba]] [[10 Desemba|10]], [[2009]].Katika mashindano hayo, alifanikiwa kushinda taji la mrembo wa Angola. Ushindi huo ulimpa nafasi ya kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya urembo ya dunia ya ''Miss Universe'' yaliyofanyika mwaka 2010. == Mrembo wa Dunia mwaka 2010 == Akiwa mwakilishi rasmi wa Angola, Jurema Ferraz alishiriki katika mashindano ya urembo ya dunia ya mwaka 2010. Mashindano hayo yalirushwa moja kwa moja kupitia [[televisheni]] kutoka [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]], katika jimbo la Nevada, nchini [[Marekani]], [[23 Agosti|Agosti]] [[23 Agosti|23]], 2010.Jurema alikuwa miongoni mwa washiriki 83 kutoka nchi mbalimbali waliokuwa wakishindania taji la urembo wa dunia. Mwishowe, Ximena Navarrete kutoka nchini [[Meksiko]] ndiye aliyeshinda taji hilo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Miss Universe 2010|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/celebrity/miss-universe-2010-20100824-13o1a.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2010-08-24|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Angola]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] aekends1s8fxeotsq5f75ja4kkd8z31 0 256790 1615185 1613674 2026-11-07T12:17:42Z Francakiria 45589 1615185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bizunesh Mohammed Urgesa''' alizaliwa [[18 Juni|Juni]] [[18 Juni|18]], [[1989]] katika mji wa Negele Arsi, uliopo katika Mkoa wa [[Oromia]] nchini [[Ethiopia]].Yeye ni [[mwanariadha]] wa mbio ndefu kutoka Ethiopia. Anashiriki katika mashindano ya kukimbia umbali mrefu, hasa mbio za marathoni. == Kazi == Alianza safari yake ya riadha kwa kushiriki mashindano ya mbio za mita 800 na mita 1,500.Mwaka 2005, alishiriki katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya Riadha kwa Vijana yaliyofanyika katika kundi la wanariadha wenye umri mdogo. Alishiriki katika mbio za mita 1,500 na kushinda medali ya shaba. Katika mashindano hayo, aliweka rekodi yake binafsi kwa kutumia dakika 4 na sekunde 19.34 kumaliza mbio hizo.Katika mwaka huohuo, alishiriki Mashindano ya Riadha ya Vijana ya Afrika. Alimaliza nafasi ya tano katika mbio za mita 800 na kushinda medali ya fedha katika mbio za mita 1,500.Miaka miwili baadaye, mwaka 2007, alishiriki kwa mara ya kwanza katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya mbio za nyika. Alimaliza katika nafasi ya 14 katika mashindano ya vijana ya Dunia ya mbio za nyika. Kupitia matokeo yake pamoja na wanariadha wenzake, Sule Utura, Genzebe Dibaba na Abebu Gelan, timu ya wasichana ya Ethiopia ilifanikiwa kushinda medali ya shaba.Mafanikio haya yalikuwa hatua muhimu katika safari yake ya riadha na yalionyesha uwezo wake katika mashindano ya mbio za umbali mbalimbali.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WYC/season=2005/eventCode=3364/news/kind=108/newsid=30371.html Event Report - Girls' 1500 metres Final]. [[IAAF]] (2005-07-14). Retrieved on 2011-01-14.</ref><ref>[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/afj.htm African Junior Championships]. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2011-01-14.</ref> Baadae, Bizunesh Mohammed Urgesa aliendelea kushiriki katika mashindano ya riadha ya uwanjani. Mwezi [[Mei]], alishiriki mashindano ya ''CAA Grand Prix'' yaliyofanyika mjini [[Brazzaville]] na kushika nafasi ya tatu katika mbio za mita 1,500, huku akiweka rekodi yake binafsi katika umbali huo.Katika miezi iliyofuata, alianza kujikita zaidi katika mbio za umbali mrefu kwenye mashindano mbalimbali yaliyofanyika barani [[Ulaya]].Mwezi [[Julai]], aliweka rekodi yake binafsi katika mbio za mita 5,000 mjini [[Liège]] kwa kutumia dakika 15 na sekunde 14.90. Siku mbili baadae, alishiriki mbio za mita 3,000 mjini [[Zaragoza]] na kuweka rekodi nyingine binafsi ya dakika 9 na sekunde 2.08.Baada ya kushiriki mashindano ya ''Memorial van Damme'', alishiriki Mashindano ya Mwisho ya Riadha ya Dunia ya mwaka [[2007]], ambapo alimaliza katika nafasi ya tisa katika mbio za mita 3,000.Mwaka [[2008]], katika mwaka wake wa mwisho wa kujikita zaidi katika mashindano ya riadha ya uwanjani, aliboresha rekodi yake ya mita 3,000 na kufikia dakika 8 na sekunde 53.14 katika mashindano yaliyofanyika [[Rabat]]. Baadae, alishiriki Mashindano ya Dunia ya Riadha kwa Vijana ya mwaka [[2008]] na kushinda medali ya fedha katika mbio za mita 3,000. Alimaliza nyuma ya Mercy Cherono wa [[Kenya]].Mwaka [[2009]], alishika nafasi ya tatu katika mbio za mita 10,000 kwenye mashindano ya kitaifa ya riadha nchini Ethiopia. Baada ya hapo, alianza kubadili mwelekeo wake na kujikita zaidi katika mbio za barabarani. Mwezi Septemba, Bizunesh Mohammed Urgesa alianza kushiriki katika mashindano ya mbio za barabarani. Mashindano yake ya kwanza yalikuwa ya ''Dam tot Damloop'' yaliyofanyika mjini Zaandam. Alishiriki katika mbio za maili kumi na kumaliza katika nafasi ya sita.Mwezi mmoja baadae, alishiriki kwa mara ya kwanza katika mashindano ya marathoni. Katika mashindano ya Marathoni ya [[Istanbul]], alifanikiwa kushinda nafasi ya kwanza baada ya kumshinda Ashu Kasim. Huu ulikuwa ushindi wake wa kwanza katika marathoni.[[Januari]] [[2010]], alishiriki Marathoni ya [[Mumbai]] na kushinda tena. Katika mashindano hayo, aliweka rekodi yake bora zaidi ya marathoni kwa kutumia saa 2, dakika 31 na sekunde 9.Baadae, alishiriki Marathoni ya [[Paris]] na kumaliza katika nafasi ya saba. Aliporudi kushiriki Marathoni ya Istanbul, alimaliza katika nafasi ya nne.Katika mashindano yake ya pili ya Marathoni ya Mumbai, hakufanikiwa kutetea ubingwa wake wa awali na alimaliza katika nafasi ya tano.Mwezi Novemba, alishiriki Marathoni ya [[Beirut]]. Katika mashindano hayo, alikimbia kwa muda mfupi zaidi kuliko rekodi ya awali ya njia hiyo ya mashindano. Hata hivyo, alimaliza katika nafasi ya pili nyuma ya Seada Kedir.<ref>{{Cite web|title=urgesa bizunesh|url=http://marathoninfo.free.fr/athletes/ethiopie/urgesa_bizunesh.htm|work=marathoninfo.free.fr|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1989|}} [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] 49usouq9waq4epsyr9zg180tdrz34q6 0 256799 1615363 1615048 2026-11-07T17:07:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615363 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yara Naoum''' (amezaliwa [[1 Septemba|Septemba 1]], [[1987]] jijini [[Cairo]], [[Misri]]) ni mshindi wa mashindano ya urembo kutoka Misri. Ameolewa na [[mchezaji]] wa [[soka]] wa Misri Emad Moteab.<ref name="s249">{{cite web | last=بدران | first=محمد | title=يارا نعوم وعماد متعب يخطفان الأنظار فى احدث ظهور لهما | website=صدى البلد | date=2022-06-23 | trans-title=Yara Naoum and Emad Meteb turn heads in their latest appearance. |url=https://www.elbalad.news/5331740 | language=ar | access-date=2026-07-25}}</ref>Alishinda taji la Mrembo wa Egypt mwaka [[2008]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbc.com/Miss_Universe_2008/delegates/eg.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080707050530/http://www.nbc.com/Miss_Universe_2008/delegates/eg.shtml|archive-date=2008-07-07|title=Miss Universe 2008 - Egypt - Yara Naoum|language=en|publisher=nbc.com}}</ref> == Maisha == Yara Naoum alizaliwa tarehe 1 Septemba 1987 katika jiji la Cairo, nchini Misri. Mwaka 2008, alishinda taji la mrembo wa Misri na kuiwakilisha nchi yake katika mashindano ya urembo ya dunia na mashindano ya urembo wa ulimwengu.Hadi sasa, Yara amewahi kushiriki katika [[filamu]] moja tu iliyoitwa ''Hīna Maisara'', iliyoongozwa na Khaled Youssef. Baada ya kushiriki katika filamu hiyo, hakuendelea kuonekana katika filamu nyingine kwa sababu alijikita katika masomo yake ya usanifu na upangaji wa mandhari ya filamu katika Taasisi ya Juu ya Filamu iliyopo Cairo.Yara Naoum ni mke wa mchezaji wa soka wa Misri anayeitwa Emad Moteab.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yara Naoum|url=https://rotana.net/en/guide/work-details/11831|work=روتانا {{!}} Rotana|date=2020-05-14|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref> == Masuala ya Kisheria == Mwaka [[2021]], Yara Naoum na mama yake walipelekwa mbele ya mahakama ya makosa madogo katika mji wa Hurghada, nchini Misri. Walituhumiwa kwa ubaguzi baada ya kumnyima mfanyakazi wa kulea watoto ruhusa ya kutumia bwawa la kuogelea.Yara Naoum alisisitiza kuwa yeye habagui mtu yeyote na kwamba anaheshimu watu wa makundi yote katika jamii.Tukio hilo lilizua mjadala mkubwa katika jamii ya Misri kuhusu ubaguzi unaotokana na tofauti za tabaka za kijamii na kiuchumi. Mjadala huo ulihusu namna watu wanavyoweza kutendewa tofauti kutokana na hali zao za maisha, kipato au nafasi zao katika jamii<ref name=":1" />. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] kzy1x2fooowp1hdc0k71vqqmucz7laa 0 256806 1615240 1614863 2026-11-07T13:01:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615240 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elaine Trepper''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Namibia]]. Mnamo [[Desemba]] [[2010|2010,]] aliapishwa kuwa Meya wa [[Windhoek]]. Trepper ni Meya wa tisa na [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza mweusi kushika wadhifa huo katika jiji kubwa zaidi na mji mkuu wa Namibia. Akiwa mwanachama wa SWAPO, Trepper alimrithi mwanachama mwenzake wa SWAPO, Matthew Shikongo<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mayor bashes Swapo critics|url=https://neweralive.na/mayor-bashes-swapo-critics/|work=New Era|date=2014-11-04|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref>. == Safari ya Maisha ya Kisiasa == Akiwa Meya wa jiji la Windhoek, Trepper alifanikiwa kushawishi serikali kuu kutoa fedha kwa ajili ya kuunganisha baadhi ya makazi yasiyo rasmi katika eneo la Tobias Hainyeko na huduma ya umeme.Lengo la hatua hiyo lilikuwa kuhakikisha kuwa wakazi wa maeneo hayo wanapata huduma ya umeme majumbani mwao.Wakati huo, viongozi wa jiji la Windhoek walieleza wazi kuwa walikuwa na nia ya kumaliza hali ya kupuuzwa kwa muda mrefu na mateso yaliyokuwa yakikabiliwa na wakazi wa maeneo yenye gharama ndogo za makazi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Trepper to be remembered for dedication to constituency – wife - Desert Radio|url=https://www.desertradio.fm/2024/07/15/trepper-to-be-remembered-for-dedication-to-constituency-wife/|date=2024-07-15|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=Shain Mukungu}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Namibia]] 6o1cb3t2w87e4701bzi458vgpk77a7x 0 256809 1615316 1614783 2026-11-07T14:54:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Meklit Hadero|picha=Meklit Hadero and Susie Ibarra (15276289548) (cropped).jpg|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=[[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]]}} '''Meklit Hadero''', anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Meklit''', ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] mwenye asili ya [[Ethiopia]] na uraia wa [[Marekani]], anayeishi [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. Anajulikana kwa mtindo wake wa uimbaji wenye hisia za kina, pamoja na kuchanganya muziki wa jazz, folk na midundo ya Afrika Mashariki katika nyimbo zake. Huimba katika lugha yake ya asili ya [[Kiamhari]] na [[Kiingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url = https://www.womensongforum.org/2021/01/20/meklit-hadero-sings-her-sonic-homelands/|title = Meklit Hadero Sings Her Sonic Homelands|date = 20 January 2021|access-date = 29 December 2024|archive-date = 27 July 2024|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240727182455/https://www.womensongforum.org/2021/01/20/meklit-hadero-sings-her-sonic-homelands/|url-status = live}}</ref> == Wasifu == Meklit Hadero alizaliwa katika mji mkuu wa Ethiopia, Addis Ababa. Baba yake alikuwa wa kabila la Wakambata, wakati mama yake alikuwa wa kabila la Waamhara. Alilelewa katika mji wa Gainesville, jimbo la Florida nchini Marekani. Baadaye alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Yale, ambako alisomea Sayansi ya Siasa.Muda mfupi baada ya kumaliza masomo yake ya chuo kikuu, Meklit alihamia katika jiji la San Francisco nchini Marekani. Akiwa huko, alianza kujihusisha sana na shughuli mbalimbali za sanaa, hasa muziki. Alipata um<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Meklit Hadero {{!}} Global Africa Business Initiative|url=https://gabi.unglobalcompact.org/person/meklit-hadero|work=gabi.unglobalcompact.org|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref>aarufu kutokana na kipaji chake cha kuimba na namna alivyowasilisha nyimbo zake. Mwandishi wa gazeti la San Francisco Chronicle aliwahi kumsifu baada ya kushuhudia moja ya maonyesho yake ya awali. Alieleza kuwa Meklit alikuwa msanii mwenye kipaji kikubwa na alikuwa akiimba kuhusu mambo mbalimbali kama udhaifu wa binadamu, matumaini na kujiamini. Pia alisifu sauti yake kwa kuwa tulivu, yenye mvuto na inayogusa hisia za wasikilizaji.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Meklit Hadero {{!}} Speaker {{!}} TED|url=https://www.ted.com/speakers/meklit_hadero|work=www.ted.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka [[2009]], Meklit alichaguliwa kuwa mmoja wa washiriki wa kimataifa wa mpango wa TED Global, ambao hutambua na kusaidia watu wenye mawazo na vipaji mbalimbali. Katika safari yake ya kisanii, aliwahi kufanya kazi kama msanii mkazi katika Chuo Kikuu cha New York, Makumbusho ya De Young na kituo cha sanaa cha Red Poppy. Pia ameshiriki katika miradi mbalimbali ya muziki kwa kushirikiana na taasisi za [[sanaa]] na mashirika mengine.Aidha, Meklit ni mwanzilishi wa kikundi cha Arba Minch, ambacho kinajumuisha wasanii wa Ethiopia wanaoishi nje ya nchi yao. Lengo la kikundi hiki ni kuwaunganisha wasanii hao na nchi yao ya asili kupitia ushirikiano na wasanii wengine wanaofanya muziki wa jadi na muziki wa kisasa nchini Ethiopia. Kuanzia mwaka [[2011]], aliendelea kushiriki katika mpango wa TED kama mshirika mwandamizi. Pia alianzisha mradi wa Nile pamoja na Mina Girgis, mtaalamu wa muziki wa jadi kutoka Misri. Mradi huu ulilenga kuwaunganisha wanamuziki kutoka nchi mbalimbali zinazopakana na Bonde la Mto Nile. Kupitia mradi huo, alishiriki katika mikutano maalumu ya wasanii iliyofanyika Aswan nchini Misri mwaka [[2013]] na [[Uganda]] mwaka [[2014]]. Mikutano hiyo iliwaleta pamoja wanamuziki kutoka nchi 11 zilizopo katika eneo la Bonde la Mto Nile.Mbali na shughuli zake za muziki, nyimbo mbili za Meklit Hadero zilichaguliwa na mwandishi na mkurugenzi wa filamu Tamar Halpern kwa ajili ya kutumika katika [[filamu]] iliyoitwa ''Jeremy Fink and the Meaning of Life''. Nyimbo hizo ni ''You and the Rain'' na ''Walk Up''.<ref name=":1" /> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji]] 4ma5w0ugv92dln5hcoyrcnhc5joq7vf 0 256844 1615228 1614673 2026-11-07T12:51:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Danny Akintunde Agbelese''' (alizaliwa [[14 Aprili]] [[1990]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa kitaalamu mwenye asili ya [[Marekani]] na [[Nigeria]]. Alichezea timu ya Palmer Basket katika ligi ya Primera FEB ya [[Hispania]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa MVP wa Kombe la Super Cup la [[Ugiriki]] mwaka [[2020]] .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.pianetabasket.com/en/danny-agbelese-a-new-player-of-gipuzkoa-141418 |title=Danny Agbelese a new player of Gipuzkoa. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003075746/https://www.pianetabasket.com/en/danny-agbelese-a-new-player-of-gipuzkoa-141418 |archivedate=2023-10-03 |accessdate=2020-07-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0vfnly9mdyqtlh5pmpqrf8r9r6n38a0 0 256897 1615512 1614207 2026-11-08T02:23:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615512 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robin Barnes''' ni [[mwimbaji]] wa muziki wa [[jazz]] na kiongozi wa mazoezi ya viungo kutoka [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], [[Marekani]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa albamu yake ya kwanza ''Louisiana Love'', iliyotolewa mwaka 2026.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=June 2026 |first=Que Duong{{!}}New Orleans Magazine |date=2026-06-01 |title=Homecoming for Robin Barnes, “The Songbird of New Orleans” |url=https://www.myneworleans.com/the-beat-homecoming/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Robin Barnes releases her debut album “Louisiana Love” - CBS Los Angeles |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/losangeles/video/robin-barnes-releases-her-debut-album-louisiana-love/ |access-date=2026-07-13 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Lopez |first=Kenny |date=2016-09-07 |title='The Songbird of New Orleans' scores with first Billboard hit |url=https://wgno.com/2016/09/07/the-songbird-of-new-orleans-scores-with-first-billboard-hit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823154055/https://wgno.com/2016/09/07/the-songbird-of-new-orleans-scores-with-first-billboard-hit/ |archive-date=2019-08-23 |work=WGNO |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://robinbarnesmusic.com/home|title=New Orleans Female Jazz Singer & Songwriter Robin Barnes|website=Robin Barnes Music|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406022812/http://robinbarnesmusic.com/home|archivedate=2017-04-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] rnhypypsiyhc8odmo2kgadl3q3o7mx2 0 256994 1615490 1614347 2026-11-08T00:28:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Prisca Luanda Kamala | office = Mshauri mkuu wa gavana wa kijeshi | office2 = Waziri wa elimu wa mkoa | term_start2 = 20 Agosti 2019 | appointer2 = Carly Nzanzu Kasivita | nationality = Mkongo | alma_mater = ULPGL (Goma) | occupation = Mwanasheria, mwanasiasa |image=Prisca Luanda Kamala à Goma.jpg}} '''Prisca Luanda Kamala''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Ni mwanasheria kwa taaluma. Tarehe 20 Agosti 2019, aliteuliwa kuwa waziri wa [[elimu]] wa [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]]. Baadaye, wakati wa hali ya kuzingirwa, alikuwa mshauri mkuu wa gavana wa kijeshi. Anashughulikia hasa elimu, [[afya]] na masuala ya kijamii. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali na elimu === Prisca Luanda Kamala alisoma masomo yake ya chuo kikuu katika Chuo Kikuu Huria cha Mkoa wa Maziwa Makuu (ULPGL) huko Goma, katika Kitivo cha Sheria, ambapo alipata shahada ya uzamili. Utangulizi wa kazi yake unamwakilisha kama "Mwalimu Prisca Luanda Kamala".<ref name="blessingpublishers2020-1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=en-US|last=blessingpublishers|title=Du nouveau regime de la responsabilité civile pour fait du véhicule automoteur en droit congolais : by LUANDA KAMALA Prisca – Blessing Publishers|url=https://blessingpublishers.com/?book=du-nouveau-regime-de-la-responsabilite-civile-pour-fait-du-vehicule-automoteur-en-droit-congolais|date=2020-04-20|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref> === Kazi === ==== Waziri wa elimu wa mkoa ==== Mnamo Agosti 20, 2019, Gavana Carly Nzanzu Kasivita alitangaza hadharani muundo wa serikali yake ya mkoa (mawaziri kumi na makamishna wakuu wanne). Prisca Luanda Kamala ameteuliwa kuwa waziri wa elimu, posta na mawasiliano ya simu wa mkoa, akianzisha teknolojia mpya za habari, michezo na burudani. Alikuwa mmoja wa wanawake watatu kati ya mawaziri kumi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : 10 ministres et 4 commissaires au gouvernement provincial|url=https://www.radiomoto.net/2019/08/21/nord-kivu-10-ministres-et-de-4-commissaires-au-gouvernement-provincial/|date=2019-09-20|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|website=mediacongo.net|title=Actualité {{!}} Nord-Kivu : le gouvernement provincial connu ! {{!}} mediacongo.net|url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-55552_nord_kivu_le_gouvernement_provincial_connu.html|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref><ref name="Rédaction2023-1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|website=infos.cd|title=Nord-Kivu : voici la nouvelle composition du cabinet du gouverneur militaire intérimaire|url=https://infos.cd/actualite/politique/nord-kivu-voici-la-nouvelle-composition-du-cabinet-du-gouverneur-militaire-interimaire/34632/|date=2023-11-13|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 17, 2021, aliongoza mkutano huko [[Goma]] kuhusu tatizo la walimu bandia katika eneo la elimu la Kivu Kaskazini 3, ambalo limeelezewa (kuripotiwa) tangu 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=en|last=FAAPA|title=Les problèmes des fictifs de la zone éducationnelle Nord-Kivu 3 discutés au Ministère de l’éducation à Goma – FAAPA FR|url=http://www.faapa.info/blog/les-problemes-des-fictifs-de-la-zone-educationnelle-nord-kivu-3-discutes-au-ministere-de-leducation-a-goma/|accessdate=2026-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225214607/http://www.faapa.info/blog/les-problemes-des-fictifs-de-la-zone-educationnelle-nord-kivu-3-discutes-au-ministere-de-leducation-a-goma/|archivedate=2021-02-25|url-status=live}}</ref> ==== Mshauri mkuu wa gavana wa kijeshi ==== Mnamo Novemba 13, 2023, muundo mpya wa baraza la mawaziri la gavana wa kijeshi wa mpito wa Kivu Kaskazini ulichapishwa. Prisca Luanda Kamala anasalia kuwa mshauri mkuu kwingineko yake inashughulikia mawasiliano na vyombo vya habari, elimu, afya, machapisho na mawasiliano ya simu, ustawi wa kazi na jamii, masuala ya kijamii na kibinadamu, jinsia, familia na watoto, vijana na sanaa, michezo na burudani.<ref name="Rédaction2023-1" /> Mnamo Oktoba 3, 2024, huko Goma, alizungumza kama mshauri mkuu wa gavana wa kijeshi (Peter Cirimwami) katika sherehe na mawakala na watendaji wa Kitengo cha Masuala ya Jamii cha Mkoa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : des agents et cadres des Affaires sociales invités à travailler pour population|url=https://acp.cd/genre/nord-kivu-des-agents-et-cadres-des-affaires-sociales-invites-a-travailler-pour-population/|date=2024-10-03|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref> Tarehe 27 Desemba 2024, kama mshauri mkuu wa gavana, aliongoza ujumbe wa misaada ya kibinadamu huko Bweremana, katika eneo la Masisi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|website=Kivu7|title=Nord-Kivu : Prisca Luanda à Bweremana pour comprendre les défis auxquels la population est confrontée|url=https://kivu7.net/nord-kivu-prisca-luanda-a-bweremana-pour-comprendre-les-defis-auxquels-la-population-est-confrontee/|date=2024-12-27|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref> Mnamo Mei 2026, alieleza, kama mshauri wa afya wa gavana, kwamba maiti inaweza kushughulikiwa tu kwa idhini ya mamlaka ya afya yenye uwezo, ndani ya mfumo wa marufuku ya kuzunguka na mwili ulioamuliwa na gavana wa kijeshi ( Evariste Kakule Somo ) ili kupunguza kuenea kwa [[Ebola|ugonjwa wa virusi vya Ebola]].<ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2026-05-21 |title=Afrique: Ebola - Interdiction de circuler avec un corps sans vie pour freiner la propagation au Nord-Kivu |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/202605210358.html |journal=Radio Okapi |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-06}}</ref> Mnamo Julai 6, 2026, wakati wa ufunguzi wa kituo cha pili cha matibabu ya Ebola katika jimbo hilo, katika hospitali kuu huko [[Beni (mji)|Beni (jijini)]], alizungumza kwa niaba ya mamlaka ya jimbo (Africanews ilimtaja kama waziri wa afya wa jimbo).<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=AfricaNews |title=RDC : un deuxième centre de traitement d'Ebola ouvre dans le Nord-Kivu {{!}} Africanews |url=https://fr.africanews.com/2026/07/06/ebola-un-deuxieme-centre-de-traitement-ouvre-dans-le-nord-kivu/ |journal=Africanews |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20261015103307/https://fr.africanews.com/2026/07/06/ebola-un-deuxieme-centre-de-traitement-ouvre-dans-le-nord-kivu/ |archive-date=2026-10-15 |access-date=2026-11-06 |url-status=live}}</ref> Mnamo Julai 2026, huko [[Butembo]], anatoa wito kwa wakuu wa vituo vya afya vya kibinafsi kuheshimu viwango vinavyohusiana na Ebola.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2026-07-27 |title=Congo-Kinshasa: Ebola à Butembo - Les structures sanitaires privées appelées au respect strict des normes |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/202607270142.html |journal=Radio Okapi |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-06}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba 16, 2026, aliongoza uzinduzi wa kampeni ya chanjo dhidi ya ugonjwa wa virusi vya Ebola (aina ya Bundibugyo) huko Kivu Kaskazini huko Beni, ili kuwalinda wafanyakazi wa afya, mbele ya mwakilishi wa [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] (WHO).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : lancement à Beni de la campagne de vaccination contre Ebola pour protéger le personnel soignant|url=https://www.radiomoto.net/2026/10/17/nord-kivu-lancement-a-beni-de-la-campagne-de-vaccination-contre-ebola-pour-proteger-le-personnel-soignant/|accessdate=2026-11-06}}</ref> == Chapisho == Kuhusu mfumo mpya wa dhima ya kiraia kwa matukio ya magari katika sheria ya Kongo (iliyowasilishwa kama kazi yake ya kwanza ya kisayansi katika uwanja wa sheria) ; imerejelewa kwenye tovuti ya Blessing Publishers).<ref name="blessingpublishers2020-1" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luanda Kamala, Prisca}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] l5qkfprdq57nqtb69syc2kkvj7ou3ci 0 257034 1615586 1614368 2026-11-08T07:20:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615586 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #7d7d7d; padding: 5px; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right;" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #7d7d7d; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px;" | The Worst |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 5px;" | [[Picha:Onyx - The Worst.jpg|200px|Jalada la single ya "The Worst"]] <br /><small>Jalada la single ya "The Worst"</small> |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #7d7d7d; color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; padding: 4px;" | Taarifa za jumla |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Msanii: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Onyx (kundi)|Onyx]] na [[Wu-Tang Clan]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Aina: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Hip hop ya East Coast]], [[Hardcore hip hop]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Imetolewa: | style="padding: 3px;" | Desemba 23, 1997 |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Umerekodiwa: | style="padding: 3px;" | 1997 |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Studio: | style="padding: 3px;" | Streetlight Studios, [[New York City]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Aina ya rekodi: | style="padding: 3px;" | CD, single |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Muda: | style="padding: 3px;" | 5:34 |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Lebo: | style="padding: 3px;" | [[Tommy Boy Records|Tommy Boy]] |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Watunzi: | style="padding: 3px;" | Clifford Smith, Corey Woods, Fred Scruggs, Kirk Jones, Tyrone Taylor, Anthony Long |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Mtayarishaji: | style="padding: 3px;" | Latief |- ! scope="row" style="padding: 3px; vertical-align: top;" | Albamu: | style="padding: 3px;" | ''[[Ride (soundtrack)|Ride]]'' na ''[[Shut 'Em Down (album)|Shut 'Em Down]]'' |} '''“The Worst”''' ni wimbo wa kundi la hip hop la Marekani, [[Onyx (kundi)|Onyx]], ulioachiwa Desemba 23, 1997, kama singo kutoka albamu ya sauti ya filamu ya ''Ride'' na kama singo ya kwanza kutoka albamu yao ya tatu, ''Shut 'Em Down''. Wimbo huo unaushirikisha kundi la hip hop la Marekani, [[Wu-Tang Clan]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.discogs.com/Onyx-Wu-Tang-Clan-The-Worst/master/36679|title=Onyx & Wu-Tang Clan – The Worst|work=Discogs|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> Onyx wamewakilishwa na [[Fredro Starr]], [[Sonny Seeza]] na [[Sticky Fingaz]], pamoja na mshirika wao, [[X1 (rapper)|X1]]. Wu-Tang Clan wamewakilishwa na [[Method Man]], [[Raekwon]], pamoja na mshirika wao, Killa Sin kutoka [[Killarmy]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://genius.com/Onyx-the-worst-lyrics|title=Onyx (Ft. Wu-Tang Clan) – The Worst|work=Genius|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Historia == Wimbo huu ulitokea kwenye albamu ya sauti ya filamu ya ''Ride''. [[Fredro Starr]], [[Sticky Fingaz]] na [[Sonny Seeza]] walicheza katika filamu hiyo, ambayo awali iliitwa "I-95". Mnamo Februari 1998, katika mahojiano na [[MTV]], Sticky Fingaz alizungumza kuhusu ushirikiano na Wu-Tang: <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3159/snoop-wu-tang-onyx-nas-on-ride-soundtrack|title=SNOOP, WU-TANG, ONYX, NAS ON RIDE SOUNDTRACK|work=MTV|author=Colin Devenish|date=11 Februari 1998|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902084232/http://www.mtv.com/news/3159/snoop-wu-tang-onyx-nas-on-ride-soundtrack/|archivedate=2018-09-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> <blockquote>"...It was a collaboration. It's about the worst of the worst, meaning the best. We're the worst nightmare for everyone in hip-hop. When we recording this song in the studio all night, Meth said that he wouldn't leave the studio until this track will be done".</blockquote> Mnamo Februari 1998, wimbo huo pia ulijumuishwa katika toleo la promo la [[Def Jam]], ''Shut 'Em Down (Exclusive Advance)'', chini ya jina "Onyx vs. Wu-Tang". <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.discogs.com/Onyx-Wu-Tang-Clan-The-Worst/master/36679|title=Onyx & Wu-Tang Clan – The Worst|work=Discogs|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Video ya muziki == Video ya muziki iliyoongozwa na [[Diane Martel]] inaonyesha dunia ya baada ya mwisho wa dunia ambapo rap imezuiwa. Video hiyo ilipigwa katika [[Chinatown, Manhattan]], [[New York City]], ikiwa ni pamoja na kupigwa katika mgahawa wa ''Ipoh Garden Malaysian Chinese'', na ilitolewa kwenye "The BOX" mnamo Machi 14, 1998. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6w4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA133|title=Billboard Magazine (March 14, 1998)|date=14 Machi 1998|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> Video hiyo inaweza kupatikana kwenye DVD ya 2008, ''Onyx: 15 Years Of Videos, History And Violence''. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1231274/?ref_=nv_sr_2|title=Onyx: 15 Years of Videos, History & Violence (2008)|work=IMDb|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> == Orodha ya wimbo == {| class="wikitable" ! Upande ! Wimbo ! Muda |- | A-Side | "The Worst" (radio edit) | 4:55 |- | A-Side | "The Worst" (instrumental) | 5:37 |- | B-Side | "The Worst" (album version) | 5:34 |- | B-Side | "The Worst" (instrumental) | 5:37 |} == Sampuli == * "Up Against the Wall" na [[Quincy Jones]] * "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" na [[Julie Andrews]] na [[Dick Van Dyke]] * "Protect Ya Neck" na [[Wu-Tang Clan]] * "Step to the Rear" na [[Brand Nubian]] * "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" na [[Dick Van Dyke]] na [[Sally Ann Howes]] == Watu waliohusika == * Onyx – mtayarishaji, sauti * Fredro Starr – mtayarishaji, sauti * Sticky Fingaz – mtayarishaji, sauti * Sonny Seeza – mtayarishaji, sauti * X1 – mtayarishaji, sauti * Method Man – mtayarishaji, sauti * Raekwon – mtayarishaji, sauti * Killa Sin – mtayarishaji, sauti * Latief – mtayarishaji * Don Elliott – mhandisi, kuchanganya * DJ LS One – mhandisi wa ziada wa kuchanganya, scratches == Chati == {| class="wikitable" ! Chati ! Nafasi |- | US [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks]] ([[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']]) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/onyx/chart-history/r-b-hip-hop-songs/song/54628|title=Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) January 31, 1998|work=Billboard|date=31 Januari 1998|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> | align="center" | 64 |- | US [[Hot Rap Singles]] ([[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']]) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/onyx/chart-history/rap-song/song/54628|title=Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) January 31, 1998|work=Billboard|date=31 Januari 1998|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> | align="center" | 22 |- | US [[Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales]] ([[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']]) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iQ0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46|title=Hot Dance Music (Billboard) January 31, 1998|date=31 Januari 1998|accessdate=6 Novemba 2026|language=en}}</ref> | align="center" | 6 |} == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://genius.com/Onyx-the-worst-lyrics The Worst kwenye RapGenius] * [https://www.discogs.com/Onyx-Wu-Tang-Clan-The-Worst/master/36679 The Worst kwenye Discogs] {{Onyx}} {{Wu-Tang Clan}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Worst, The}} [[Jamii:Nyimbo za 1997]] [[Jamii:Nyimbo za Onyx (kundi)]] [[Jamii:Nyimbo za Wu-Tang Clan]] [[Jamii:Nyimbo zilizoandikwa na Method Man]] [[Jamii:Nyimbo za Tommy Boy Records]] [[Jamii:Posse cuts]] [[Jamii:Nyimbo zilizoandikwa na Raekwon]] [[Jamii:Video za muziki zilizoongozwa na Diane Martel]] iybl8iacid2y4bla2bl2pc4atuvxk14 0 257081 1615673 1614906 2026-11-08T11:37:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vivienne Hu''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] mwenye makao yake jijini [[New York]].<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://fashionweekonline.com/vivienne-hu-spring-2018-new-york-fashion-week|title=Vivienne Hu Spring 2018: New York Fashion Week {{!}} Fashion Week Online®|last=Meyer|first=Clara|date=2017-09-16|work=Fashion Week Online®|access-date=2017-11-03|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Jing Daily">{{cite web|title=10 Minutes with Fashion Designer Vivienne Hu|url=https://jingdaily.com/10-minutes-with-fashion-designer-vivienne-hu|website=Jing Daily April 2013|date=9 April 2013|ref=Jing Daily|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716210452/https://jingdaily.com/10-minutes-with-fashion-designer-vivienne-hu/|archivedate=2015-07-16|accessdate=2015-07-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://fashionweekonline.com/vivienne-hus-vhny-comes-to-macys|website=fashionweekonline.com|access-date=2019-08-18|title=Vivienne Hu's "VHNY" Comes to Macy's|date=5 July 2019}}</ref> [[File:Vivienne_Hu.jpg|thumb|Vivienne Hu]] ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] r46vm3vnfxg77rvg9cdsvnyh0b3yip8 0 257086 1615422 1614777 2026-11-07T20:40:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615422 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nicholai Olivia''' "'''Nicky'''" '''Hilton Rothschild''' (amezaliwa [[5 Oktoba]], [[1983]])<ref name =officialbio>{{cite web | url = http://nickyhilton.com/meet-nicky/ | title = Meet Nicky | publisher = Nicky Hilton official site | access-date = January 13, 2016 | archive-date = December 5, 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151205124930/http://nickyhilton.com/meet-nicky/ | url-status = dead}}</ref>ni mtu mashuhuri katika jamii, mbunifu wa mitindo na [[mwanamitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Kwa kuzaliwa, yeye ni mwanachama wa familia ya Hilton, na akawa mwanachama wa familia ya Rothschild kufuatia ndoa yake ya mwaka 2015 na James Rothschild, mjukuu wa Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild. Hilton ni dada mdogo wa Paris Hilton.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=McRady |first=Rachel |date=July 16, 2015 |title=Nicky Hilton Changes Her Name on Instagram, Meets Monkey on Honeymoon! |url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/nicky-hilton-changes-name-instagram-meets-monkey-honeymoon-2015167 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717174756/http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/nicky-hilton-changes-name-instagram-meets-monkey-honeymoon-2015167 |archive-date=July 17, 2015 |access-date=April 22, 2016 |website=Us Weekly}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] ifn48nhq9hhkfh7xbnbv6mmbsskti0t 0 257087 1615534 1614857 2026-11-08T04:39:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sherri Hill''' (amezaliwa '''Sherri Branum'''; [[1949]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na [[mwanamke]] [[mfanyabiashara]] kutoka [[Marekani]], anayebobea katika mavazi rasmi ya jioni.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |date=2016-10-23 |title=Doing Everything in the Correct Sequins, Two Oklahoma Sisters Design Hits for Misses |url=http://people.com/archive/doing-everything-in-the-correct-sequins-two-oklahoma-sisters-design-hits-for-misses-vol-30-no-11/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023082723/http://people.com/archive/doing-everything-in-the-correct-sequins-two-oklahoma-sisters-design-hits-for-misses-vol-30-no-11/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=2016-10-23 |access-date=2024-05-18 }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2016-08-29 |title=Sherri Hill Prom Dresses Popular With Celebrities |work=Social the Lifestyle Magazine |url=https://socialifestylemag.com/2016/08/sherri-hill-prom-dresses-popular-with-celebrities/ |access-date=2023-04-28 |language=en-US |last1=Wilson |first1=Jackelyn |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908053454/https://socialifestylemag.com/2016/08/sherri-hill-prom-dresses-popular-with-celebrities/ |archivedate=2024-09-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 1i9vzx4ztn0kqe5inuv6tdt4oism1c3 0 257111 1615549 1614574 2026-11-08T05:47:37Z Justine Msechu 45962 1615549 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melisa Sözen''' (alizaliwa [[6 Julai]], [[1985]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Uturuki]]. == Wasifu == Alianza kazi yake ya kitaaluma akiwa na umri mdogo sana wa [[miaka]] 15. Alisomea fani ya maigizo katika Idara ya Ukumbi wa Michezo ya Shule ya Sekondari ya Sanaa za Ubunifu ya Pera. Sözen aliigiza katika [[tamthilia]] nyingi maarufu za [[televisheni]] nchini Uturuki, zikiwemo ''Çemberimde Gül Oya'', ''Bıçak Sırtı, Bir Bulut Olsam, Muhteşem Yüzyıl, Kırmızı Oda'' na ''Şubat''. Katika tamthilia ya aina ya uhalisia wa ajabu ''Şubat'', aliigiza wahusika wawili tofauti pamoja na aliyekuwa mume wake Alican Yücesoy. Baada ya kufanya kazi na wakurugenzi mashuhuri zaidi nchini Uturuki katika filamu kama ''Av Mevsimi, Bir Varmış Bir Yokmuş'' na ''Cenneti Beklerken'', Sözen alivutia hisia za kimataifa kupitia uigizaji wake wa kipekee katika filamu ''Kış Uykusu'' ya mwaka [[2014]], iliyoongozwa na Nuri Bilge Ceylan na kushinda [[tuzo]] ya ''Palme d'Or''.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1489950/</ref><ref>https://www.sabah.com.tr/galeri/magazin/melisa-sozen-ile-alican-yucesoy-evlendi</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references /> {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 7erpu2dtei7k4qpfqq9arr87pwd0l3n 0 257112 1615547 1615095 2026-11-08T05:46:37Z Justine Msechu 45962 1615547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Profesa Laban Ayiro '''ni msomi kutoka [[Kenya]]. Kwa sasa, anahudumu kama Makamu Mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha Daystar.Chuo cha Daystar ni chuo kikuu cha Kikristo kinachopatikana [[Nairobi]], mji mkuu na mji mkubwa zaidi nchini Kenya.Kuanzia [[Septemba]] [[2016]] hadi [[Machi]] [[2018]], Profesa Laban Ayiro alikuwa Makamu Mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha Moi kwa muda, akikaimu nafasi hiyo.Moi University ni chuo kikuu cha serikali, na kampasi yake kuu ipo Kesses, katika Kaunti ya Uasin Gishu, Kenya.<ref>{{Citation|title=Laban Ayiro takes helm as Daystar University VC|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2019/02/23/laban-ayiro-takes-helm-as-daystar-university-vc_c1899181|work=The Star, Kenya|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301074809/https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2019/02/23/laban-ayiro-takes-helm-as-daystar-university-vc_c1899181|archive-date=2019-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daystar University appoints Laban Ayiro as vice chancellor|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/news/education/daystar-university-appoints-laban-ayiro-as-vice-chancellor-141478|work=Daily Nation|date=2020-07-03|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Maisha na Elimu == Profesa Laban Ayiro ni msomi kutoka nchini Kenya ambaye amepitia maisha yenye changamoto na mafanikio makubwa. Alizaliwa katika makazi ya mabanda ya Kibera, jijini Nairobi. Wazazi wake walikuwa na maisha ya kawaida na hawakuwa na uwezo mkubwa kifedha. Baba yake alikuwa dereva na alikuwa na marafiki wenye uwezo mzuri zaidi wa kifedha.Mmoja wa marafiki wa baba yake alimchukua Ayiro akiwa mtoto na kumsaidia katika maisha yake. Sababu kubwa za kumchukua zilikuwa kwamba Ayiro alikuwa mwanafunzi mwenye akili na aliyefanya vizuri shuleni. Pia, rafiki huyo alikuwa na mtoto wa kiume, hivyo Ayiro angeweza kuwa rafiki na mwenzake wa kukua naye. Msaada huu ulimpa Ayiro nafasi nzuri ya kuendelea na elimu yake.Profesa Laban Ayiro alisoma kwa bidii na kufanikiwa kupata elimu katika viwango mbalimbali. Mwaka [[1984]], alipata shahada yake ya kwanza ya Elimu kutoka Chuo cha McGill nchini [[Kanada]]. Baadae, alipata shahada ya uzamili katika Ujasiriamali kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Kenyatta nchini Kenya<ref>{{Citation|last=Tuko.co.ke|title=Moi University Vice Chancellor, Laban Ayiro, says he was a slum dweller|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/265009-moi-university-vice-chancellor-laban-ayiro-a-slum-dweller.html#265009|work=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301074659/https://www.tuko.co.ke/265009-moi-university-vice-chancellor-laban-ayiro-a-slum-dweller.html#265009|archive-date=2019-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Mwaka [[2004]], aliendelea na masomo yake na kupata shahada nyingine ya uzamili katika Mahusiano ya Kimataifa kutoka chuo cha United States International University Africa iliyopo Nairobi. Mwaka [[2008]], alipata shahada ya Uzamivu katika Maendeleo ya Ujasiriamali kutoka chuo kikuu cha Kenyatta.Aidha, mwaka [[2013]], Profesa Ayiro alipata shahada nyingine ya uzamili katika Elimu kutoka chuo cha Witwatersrand nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. Masomo yake yalihusu fedha, uchumi na mipango katika elimu.Kwa ujumla, maisha ya Profesa Laban Ayiro yanaonyesha umuhimu wa elimu, bidii na kutumia vizuri nafasi zinazopatikana. Ingawa alitoka katika mazingira ya kawaida na yenye changamoto, hakukata tamaa. Kupitia bidii yake na msaada alioupata, aliweza kufanikiwa katika elimu na kuwa mmoja wa wasomi wenye mafanikio makubwa nchini Kenya.<ref>{{Citation|title=I have no regrets, Moi ex-VC Ayiro says at handover to Isaac Kosgey|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018/03/21/i-have-no-regrets-moi-ex-vc-ayiro-says-at-handover-to-isaac-kosgey_c1734128|work=The Star, Kenya|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301074758/https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018/03/21/i-have-no-regrets-moi-ex-vc-ayiro-says-at-handover-to-isaac-kosgey_c1734128|archive-date=2019-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wasomi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Kenya]] <references /> {{Mbegu-mtu}} 7fvk9ptyf25ys5w1q1s3t4f7gs8zozs 0 257113 1615550 1614584 2026-11-08T05:48:23Z Justine Msechu 45962 1615550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Birsen Berrak Tüzünataç''' (alizaliwa [[2 Novemba]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwandishi]] wa miswada ya [[filamu]] na mtayarishaji wa [[Uturuki]]. == Maisha na kazi == Berrak Tüzünataç alihamia mjini [[Istanbul|İstanbul]] pamoja na [[familia]] yake mwaka [[1995]] na kujiunga na Shule ya ''Koç''. Mwaka [[2004]], alianza kusomea Usimamizi wa Biashara katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Istanbul. Alifanya kazi ya utangazaji katika kituo cha [[televisheni]] cha ''Number One TV''. Alijiunga na wakala wa wanamitindo na kupata mafunzo ya uigizaji katika warsha ya BKM.<ref>https://www.sacitaslan.com/berrak-tuzunatac-ve-engin-altan-duzyatani-bulusturan-proje-haberi-503184</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references /> {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 4q7dx2lejj6jh3vcyyokhrn86leqd21 0 257114 1615551 1614589 2026-11-08T05:50:34Z Justine Msechu 45962 1615551 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ebru Destan''' (alizaliwa [[24 Septemba]], [[1977]]) ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Uturuki]]. == Wasifu == Ebru anajulikana kama mmoja wa wanamitindo bora wa jukwaani nchini Uturuki. Mbali na kazi yake ya uanamitindo, ameonesha kipaji chake katika [[filamu]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo ''Abuzer Kadayıf, Yeni Hayat, Zor Hedef'' na ''Can Ayşecik.'' Mwaka [[2005]], alijiunga na tasnia ya [[muziki]] na kufanikiwa kama mwimbaji. Ana albamu tatu za muziki zinazoitwa ''Sözümü Yemedim, Ayrılık Soğuk İklim'' na ''3 Vakte Kadar''. Alishiriki katika kipindi cha [[televisheni]] cha maisha halisi ''Survivor: Ünlüler vs. Gönüllüler'', akiwa sehemu ya timu ya watu mashuhuri. Alifanikiwa kufika katika washiriki sita bora, lakini baadaye akaondolewa baada ya kupigiwa kura kupitia ujumbe mfupi wa simu (SMS) katika mchuano wa ana kwa ana dhidi ya rafiki yake wa karibu Özge Ulusoy.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1875451/</ref><ref>https://www.last.fm/music/Ebru+Destan/+wiki</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Waimbaji]] {{BD|1977|}} <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanamitindo}} 9eoe0r55f9rwrhivcyqq1j08h7cslo6 0 257115 1615553 1614604 2026-11-08T05:51:51Z Justine Msechu 45962 1615553 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Şenay Akay.jpg|thumb|Şenay Akay]] '''Şenay Akay''' (alizaliwa [[16 Agosti]], [[1980]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Uturuki]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani. == Wasifu == Yeye ni mpwa wa mwimbaji Müammer Akay. Alimaliza masomo yake katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Akdeniz. Alianza kazi ya uanamitindo akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 14. Mwaka [[2001]], alishinda mashindano ya ''Best Model of Turkey na Best Model of the World'', mtawalia. Mwaka [[2012]], aliandika kitabu kuhusu miaka 17 ya maisha yake katika tasnia ya uanamitindo. Bado anaendelea na kazi ya uanamitindo katika maonesho mbalimbali ya mitindo na mara kwa mara hujitokeza kwenye jukwaa la mitindo. Akay alikuwa ameolewa na Buğra Özçetin kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja na nusu, lakini walitalikiana mwaka [[2006]] kutokana na sababu za kutokuwa mwaminifu katika ndoa.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4725356/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20151102013530/http://www.sinematurk.com:80/kisi/32012-senay-akay/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanamitindo}} bylbtiaurcls8qvkjy6s12nc1i3f4m5 0 257116 1615554 1614617 2026-11-08T05:53:03Z Justine Msechu 45962 1615554 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Nefise Karatay.jpg|thumb|Nefise Karatay]] '''Nefise Karatay''' (alizaliwa [[26 Aprili]], [[1976]]) ni mtu maarufu wa [[televisheni]] nchini [[Uturuki]], [[mtangazaji]], [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani wa kiwango cha juu na mshindi wa mashindano ya urembo. Anajulikana kwa kazi yake ya utangazaji katika kituo cha ''CNN Türk''. == Wasifu == Nefise Karatay alizaliwa na kuishi miaka yake ya kwanza katika jimbo la Hesse, [[Ujerumani]], akiwa mtoto wa wazazi wenye asili ya Uturuki. Mwishoni mwa miaka ya [[1990]] na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya [[2000]], alikuwa miongoni mwa wanamitindo waliolipwa mishahara mikubwa zaidi nchini Uturuki.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1760211/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20131228033112/http://tv.cnnturk.com/2012/03/30/ekran-yuzleri/nefise-karatay/index.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watangazaji]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanamitindo}} quitr4jbv9c9zbn3kwu5v2rwrwinqd3 0 257119 1615277 1614981 2026-11-07T13:44:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Jennifer Musisi|picha=Jennifer Semakula-Musisi on Urban Age.jpg|maelezo=Semakula-Musisi speaking on [[Urban Age]] in 2019|residence=Ugandan|kazi yake=Lawyer, [[public administrator]]|elimu=<nowiki>Makerere University]]</nowiki>'''<br/> {{small|([[Bachelor of Laws]])}}<br/>{{small|([[Public administration|Master of Public Administration]])}}<br/>'''[[Law Development Centre]]'''<br/> {{small|([[Legal practice|Diploma in Legal Practice]])}}}} Jennifer Semakula Musisi ni [[mwanasheria]] na msimamizi wa shughuli za umma kutoka nchini [[Uganda]]. Yeye ni mtu wa kwanza kushika nafasi ya [[Kiongozi]] wa Jiji (City Leader in Residence) katika mpango wa Bloomberg Harvard City Leadership Initiative, uliopo katika Kituo cha Ash (Ash Center) cha Shule ya Serikali ya Harvard Kennedy, jijini Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jennifer Musisi Joins Harvard University’s World Cities Program|url=https://chimpreports.com/jennifer-musisi-joins-harvard-universitys-world-cities-program/|work=ChimpReports|date=2019-01-24|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=Sam Waswa}}</ref> Aliteuliwa kushika nafasi hiyo mwezi Januari mwaka 2019. == Historia ya maisha na elimu == Musisi alizaliwa jijini [[Kampala]], katika [[Mkoa]] wa Kati nchini Uganda, miaka ya 1960. Alisoma elimu ya sekondari ya awali (O-Level) katika shule ya Tororo Girls iliyopo Wilaya ya Tororo. Baadaye alihamia King’s College Buddo, iliyopo Wilaya ya Wakiso, kwa ajili ya masomo ya sekondari ya juu (A-Level). Alihitimu katika shule hiyo mwaka 1982 akiwa mwanafunzi aliyefanya vizuri zaidi darasani kwake. Pia aliwahi kuwa naibu kiongozi wa wanafunzi (Deputy Head Prefect) wakati akisoma hapo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jennifer Musisi Joins Harvard University’s World Cities Program|url=https://chimpreports.com/jennifer-musisi-joins-harvard-universitys-world-cities-program/|work=ChimpReports|date=2019-01-24|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=Sam Waswa}}</ref> Mwaka 1982, alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere, chuo kikuu cha zamani zaidi nchini Uganda, ambako alisomea sheria. Alihitimu mwaka 1986 na kupata [[Shahada ya Awali|shahada]] ya kwanza ya sheria (Bachelor of Laws – LLB). Mwaka uliofuata, alipata [[stashahada]] ya mafunzo ya sheria (Diploma in Legal Practice) kutoka Kituo cha Maendeleo ya Sheria (Law Development Centre) kilichopo Kampala, mji mkuu wa Uganda. Baadaye, alipata shahada ya uzamili katika [[Utawala]] wa Umma (Master of Public Administration – MPA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere. Pia ana vyeti na sifa mbalimbali za kitaaluma katika nyanja za usimamizi, kodi na sheria kutoka [[taasisi]] mbalimbali, zikiwemo Harvard Law School na George Washington University nchini Marekani. Orodha kamili ya sifa zake za kitaaluma na [[programu]] za mafunzo alizoshiriki imewasilishwa hapa chini<ref>{{Citation|title=Musisi gets three more years at KCCA|url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Musisi-Museveni-Lukwago-Kamya--Kampala--KCCA/688334-3876718-ilw519/index.htmlb|language=en-UK|access-date=2026-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016082757/http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Musisi-Museveni-Lukwago-Kamya--Kampala--KCCA/688334-3876718-ilw519/index.htmlb|archive-date=2018-10-16|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kazi na maendeleo ya kitaaluma == Musisi ni [[mwanasheria]], wakili wa [[Mahakama]] Kuu ya [[Uganda]] na msimamizi mwenye uzoefu mkubwa katika masuala ya [[utawala]]. Ana historia imara katika sheria, usimamizi na uongozi. Alipata mafunzo yake katika Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere jijini Kampala, Uganda, pamoja na [[taasisi]] nyingine mbalimbali zikiwemo George Washington University, Harvard Business School na Harvard Law School nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jennifer Musisi resigns as KCCA executive director|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Vision Reporter}} {{Dead link|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Uganda]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Kampala]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uganda]] nmddvnojkz991yludoye30g1vtkjj6q 0 257138 1615296 1614776 2026-11-07T14:33:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615296 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Litšeoane Maloro''' ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Anacheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji katika timu ya ''UWC Ladies'' inayoshiriki Ligi ya Soka ya Wanawake nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. Pia ni mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Lesotho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.africa-press.net/lesotho/all-news/maloro-eying-top-scorer-award|title=Maloro eying top scorer award|publisher=africa-press.net}}</ref> == Historia ya Uchezaji Katika Klabu == Mwaka [[2019]], Litšeoane Maloro alijiunga na timu ya Bloemfontein Celtic ya Afrika Kusini. Alianza vizuri katika timu hiyo kwa kufunga mabao muhimu kabla ya shughuli za soka kusimamishwa kutokana na janga la ugonjwa wa [[Corona (virusi)|Corona]] (COVID-19). == Safari Yake Katika Timu ya Taifa == Maloro aliichezea timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Lesotho na alitambuliwa kama mmoja wa wachezaji muhimu katika timu hiyo. Pia aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa timu ya taifa. == Namna Anavyocheza == Maloro ana uwezo wa kucheza nafasi mbili uwanjani: [[mshambuliaji]] na [[beki wa kati]]. == Maisha Binafsi == Maloro anajulikana kwa jina la utani Kamoli. Anatokea katika jamii ya Abia nchini Lesotho. == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} rw2lh20cbghidgyyy4a80ys5jeeja2n 0 257140 1615256 1614781 2026-11-07T13:16:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615256 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuela George-Izunwa''' alizaliwa [[16 Machi|Machi 16]] [[1974]] Lambeth, [[London]], [[Waingereza|Wingereza]] Manuela George-Izunwa ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Nigeria]] ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama Kamishna wa Masuala ya [[Mwanamke|Wanawake]] katika [[Jimbo]] la [[Rivers State|Rivers]] kuanzia mwaka [[2007]] hadi [[2009]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=“100m Widows Suffer Discrimination Worldwide”|url=https://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2009/06/%e2%80%9c100m-widows-suffer-discrimination-worldwide%e2%80%9d/|date=2009-06-30|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref>Katika kipindi chake cha uongozi, alilenga kuboresha maisha ya wajane, kuwawezesha wanawake kiuchumi, kuzuia ukatili dhidi ya wanawake, pamoja na kuendeleza huduma za afya ya wanawake na elimu kwa watoto wa kike<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Point Online - News|url=http://nationalpointonline.com/nponline/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1912&cntnt01returnid=53|work=nationalpointonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en|author=copyright 2007 NationalPointOnline.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714155454/http://nationalpointonline.com/nponline/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1912&cntnt01returnid=53|archivedate=2011-07-14|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Mbali na shughuli zake za kisiasa, pia anahudumu kama [[mchungaji]] msaidizi (Co-pastor) pamoja na mumewe, [[Mchungaji]] George Izunwa.<ref>{{Citation|title=P.M. News|date=2026-08-07|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P.M._News&oldid=1368211056|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1974]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f3y75f1d4wzc93cohbav6nsob7wvtfo 1615301 1615256 2026-11-07T14:43:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615301 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuela George-Izunwa''' alizaliwa [[16 Machi|Machi 16]] [[1974]] Lambeth, [[London]], [[Waingereza|Wingereza]] Manuela George-Izunwa ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Nigeria]] ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama Kamishna wa Masuala ya [[Mwanamke|Wanawake]] katika [[Jimbo]] la [[Rivers State|Rivers]] kuanzia mwaka [[2007]] hadi [[2009]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=“100m Widows Suffer Discrimination Worldwide”|url=https://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2009/06/%e2%80%9c100m-widows-suffer-discrimination-worldwide%e2%80%9d/|date=2009-06-30|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref>Katika kipindi chake cha uongozi, alilenga kuboresha maisha ya wajane, kuwawezesha wanawake kiuchumi, kuzuia ukatili dhidi ya wanawake, pamoja na kuendeleza huduma za afya ya wanawake na elimu kwa watoto wa kike<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Point Online - News|url=http://nationalpointonline.com/nponline/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1912&cntnt01returnid=53|work=nationalpointonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en|author=copyright 2007 NationalPointOnline.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714155454/http://nationalpointonline.com/nponline/index.php?mact=News,cntnt01,detail,0&cntnt01articleid=1912&cntnt01returnid=53|archivedate=2011-07-14|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Mbali na shughuli zake za kisiasa, pia anahudumu kama [[mchungaji]] msaidizi (Co-pastor) pamoja na mumewe, [[Mchungaji]] George Izunwa.<ref>{{Citation|title=P.M. News|date=2026-08-07|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P.M._News&oldid=1368211056|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1974]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s9cafvphqk9r6czgqra8ij6l1ddu2gj 0 257152 1615312 1614827 2026-11-07T14:49:50Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615312 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya UNAF U-20 ya mwaka [[2006]] yalikuwa ni toleo la pili la mashindano ya UNAF ya vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 20. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini [[Misri]], kuanzia 5 hadi [[14 Juni]] 2006. Misri ilishinda mashindano hayo kwa mara ya kwanza."<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=منتخبات ليبيا لكرة القدم عام 2006 .. أخفاقات بالجمله وخروج من الأدوار الأولى فهل من وقفه جاده ؟ {{!}} كووورة|url=https://www.kooora.com/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85/%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-2006-%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%81%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87/16489|work=www.kooora.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=ar}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Michezo nchini Misri]] [[Jamii:Michezo]] l39i8tg7qcz8jg27o6z8uumyi2iobib 0 257167 1615270 1614868 2026-11-07T13:32:26Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615270 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hlompho Kalake''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[2 Septemba]] [[1994]]) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Anacheza nafasi ya kiungo katika klabu ya ''Lioli FC'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Lesotho. Pia ni mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya wanaume ya Lesotho.<ref name="CAF">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://admin.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/19theditionofcafchampionsleague/TeamDetails/playerdetails?CompetitionPlayerId=Kux9suOYCi2Gx8lJxdSF%2b9XBbekGN%2bo839PBEOygPJL%2bPWJ3Ao5KJWKlJUxUpUBg|title=Competitions - 19th Edition of CAF Champions League - Team Details - Player Details|website=CAF|accessdate=24 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="GSA">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/hlompho-kalake/66019/|title=Hlompho Kalake|website=Global Sports Archive|accessdate=24 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|59241|accessdate=24 November 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] i9l1dhiabnlmv15ttca0jll4rjs6dqx 0 257169 1615327 1614870 2026-11-07T15:42:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615327 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nefrina''' (katika lugha ya Misri ya Kale: nfr-ii-n, maana yake ni “Jambo [[Jemaa el-Fnaa|jema]] limetujia”) alikuwa [[mwanamke]] aliyeishi katika mji wa Akhmim, nchini [[Misri]], takribani [[Mwaka 2000|mwaka 250]] [[KK]].Alifariki [[dunia]] karibu mwaka [[275 KK]], huenda kutokana na matatizo yaliyotokana na kuvunjika kwa [[mfupa]] wa [[nyonga]]. [[Mwili]] wake ulitayarishwa na kuhifadhiwa kama [[Mammy Lou|mummy]], kwa kufuata desturi zilizokuwa zikitumiwa na watu wa tabaka la juu katika jamii ya Misri ya Kale.Baba yake, aliyeitwa Irethourrou, alikuwa mshiriki wa tabaka la makasisi. Mama yake, Irty-rou, alikuwa mpigaji wa ala ya muziki iitwayo sistrum katika ibada za mungu Min. == Hali yake kwa sasa == Mummy ya Nefrina kwa sasa imehifadhiwa na kuonyeshwa katika Jumba la [[Makumbusho]] la Umma la Reading (Reading Public Museum), lililopo Reading, Pennsylvania, nchini Marekani.Jumba hilo la makumbusho lilipokea mummy ya Nefrina [[Mwaka 1936|mwaka 1930]] kwa mkopo kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Pennsylvania (University of Pennsylvania). Baadaye, mwaka [[1949]], jumba hilo la makumbusho liliinunua rasmi.Mwaka [[2003]], picha za ndani ya mwili wake zilipigwa kwa kutumia teknolojia ya uchunguzi wa kitabibu ya CAT scan. Kwa kutumia picha hizo, msanii wa uchunguzi wa kisayansi wa makosa ya jinai, Frank Bender, aliweza kuunda upya taswira ya uso wake kupitia sanamu.<ref>{{Citation|last=Allan|first=Michael|title=World|date=2016-04-05|url=https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167824.003.0002|work=In the Shadow of World Literature|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-16782-4|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Seelenfreund H. |first=Daniela |date=2006-09-01 |title=Nefrina y nefropatía diabética: estudio de polimorfismos genéticos |url=https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2006.08.2301 |journal=Medwave |volume=6 |issue=8 |doi=10.5867/medwave.2006.08.2301 |issn=0717-6384}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Misri]] enl8aotsnbeyiq23csi54i7nx5f1rix 0 257170 1615247 1614872 2026-11-07T13:10:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615247 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Al Zahraa Haider,''' aliyefahamika pia kwa jina la Fatma Heidar, alizaliwa mwaka [[1903]] nchini [[Misri]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa tabaka la watu wenye hadhi ya kiungwana katika ukoo wa [[Kiarmenia|kifalme]] wa Misri.Alikuwa binti wa Prince Ali Heidar Shannassi na Zeinab Fahmy. Kupitia upande wa baba yake, alikuwa na uhusiano wa ukoo na Muhammad Ali Pasha, ambaye alikuwa babu yake wa vizazi kadhaa kupitia kwa Ibrahim Pasha<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Alexandria’s Royal Jewelry Museum re-opens - Bikya Masr|url=http://bikyamasr.com/wordpress/?p=11634|work=bikyamasr.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] nocui77epbkr7hx19l2qmr1574fkxtq 0 257173 1615337 1614877 2026-11-07T16:06:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malkia Rangita''' (aliyefariki mwaka [[1530]]), anayejulikana pia kwa jina la ''Rangitamanjakatrimovavy'', alikuwa [[mtawala]] wa [[jamii]] ya Vazimba aliyetawala [[eneo]] la ''Merimanjaka'', katika nyanda za juu za kati za [[Madagaska|Madagascar]], baada ya kurithi utawala kutoka kwa [[baba]] yake, [[Mfalme]] ''Andriampandramanenitra'' (Rafandramanenitra). Baada ya kifo chake, alifuatwa na binti yake, au kwa mujibu wa baadhi ya vyanzo, [[dada]] yake wa kuasili, Malkia Rafohy, aliyetawala kuanzia mwaka 1530 hadi [[1540]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Buy Elegant Rangita Women’s Clothing at Best Prices|url=https://www.myntra.com/rangita|work=Myntra|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> Hata hivyo, simulizi za [[mapokeo]] ya mdomo haziko wazi kuhusu uhusiano na nafasi za Rangita na Rafohy, ikiwemo nani alikuwa mama wa nani, nani alimrithi mwenzake na ni nani aliyekuwa [[mama]] wa Andriamanelo. Kwa mujibu wa toleo moja la simulizi hizo, Rangita alikuwa na wana wawili na huenda pia alikuwa na binti aliyeitwa Rafohy. Inasemekana kuwa Rangita alikuwa na sifa za kimwili zilizohusishwa na jamii ya Vazimba, zikiwemo kimo kifupi na ngozi nyeusi, huku jina lake likiwa na maana ya mwenye nywele zilizojikunja.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Buy Elegant Rangita Women’s Clothing at Best Prices|url=https://www.myntra.com/rangita|work=Myntra|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1530 KK]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Madagaska]] lczoj7y7crdbpgixlnq1fmll5lo6t3g 0 257179 1615278 1614889 2026-11-07T13:44:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615278 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeremiah Kamele''' ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka Lesotho, alizaliwa tarehe [[17 Mei]] [[1992]]. Anajulikana kwa kucheza nafasi ya beki na amewahi kuzichezea klabu mbalimbali nchini Lesotho, zikiwemo Joy FC na Lioli FC.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jeremiah Kamele - Profile and Player Statistics - SoccerPunter|url=https://www.soccerpunter.com/player/404766/Jeremiah-Kamele|access-date=2026-05-13|website=www.soccerpunter.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jerry Kamela (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/52797/Jerry_Kamela.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kamela crowned footballer of the year - Lesotho Times|url=https://lestimes.com/?p=25327|date=2016-07-08|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref> == Maisha ya Soka == Alianza safari yake ya soka katika klabu ya Joy FC nchini Lesotho, ambako alicheza kuanzia mwaka [[2009]] hadi [[2013]]. Mwaka 2013 alijiunga na Lioli FC, moja ya klabu zinazoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Lesotho. Akiwa Lioli FC, Kamele alifanya vizuri na kusaidia timu hiyo kushinda mataji mbalimbali. Msimu wa [[2015]]/[[2016]], alishinda tuzo ya Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka wa Ligi Kuu ya Lesotho baada ya kuisaidia Lioli FC kutwaa ubingwa wa ligi na Kombe la LNIG Top 8. Katika ngazi ya timu ya taifa, aliichezea Lesotho kuanzia mwaka [[2012]]. Alishiriki katika mechi za kirafiki na mashindano ya kufuzu [[Kombe la Dunia la FIFA]] pamoja na mashindano mengine ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] 8m0xeufvnewtkb19ed425212ua7t27n 0 257184 1615314 1614904 2026-11-07T14:50:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615314 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masoabi Synous Nkoto''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[14 Januari]] [[1992]]) ni mchezaji wa soka la kulipwa kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Anacheza nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya KF-FC Mitrovica inayoshiriki Ligi Daraja la Kwanza nchini [[Kosovo]].<ref name="CAF">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://admin.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/20theditionofcafchampionsleague/TeamDetails/PlayerDetails?CompetitionPlayerID=G1c6bRyyAC5wvzbaTJZ61r3hB5APC56LSb4JDQS5iinkPaztYk4QF3qblBuzeNrE|title=Competitions - 20th Edition of CAF Champions League - Team Details - Player Details|website=CAF|access-date=24 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=3 September 2023|title=PSDS Deli Serdang Resmi Kontrak Pemain Asing Kedua Dari Afrika, Cek Profilnya|url=https://pontianak.tribunnews.com/2023/09/03/psds-deli-serdang-resmi-kontrak-pemain-asing-kedua-dari-afrika-cek-profilnya|access-date=8 September 2023|website=TribunNews|archive-date=6 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906102217/https://pontianak.tribunnews.com/2023/09/03/psds-deli-serdang-resmi-kontrak-pemain-asing-kedua-dari-afrika-cek-profilnya|url-status=live}}</ref> == Historia ya Uchezaji Katika Klabu == === '''Jawalakhel''' === Mwezi [[Machi]] [[2023]], Masoabi Nkoto alijiunga na klabu ya ''Jawalakhel'' ya nchini [[Nepal]]. Klabu hiyo inashiriki Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya Nepal (''Martyr's Memorial A-Division League''). Alijiunga na timu hiyo kwa mkataba uliodumu hadi mwisho wa msimu. === PSDS Deli Serdang === Mwezi [[Septemba]] [[2023]], Masoabi Nkoto alijiunga na klabu ya PSDS Deli Serdang ya nchini [[Indonesia]] baada ya kusaini mkataba na timu hiyo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cucbfqthl0s5q3gf4z9rmxzwwclgunk 0 257185 1615336 1614910 2026-11-07T16:03:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615336 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Princess Fathia ('''alizaliwa tarehe 17 Desemba [[1930]] na kufariki tarehe 10 Desemba [[1976]]) alikuwa binti wa kifalme wa [[Misri]] na dada mdogo wa mwisho wa [[Mfalme]] Farouk wa Kwanza.Mwaka 1950, alihamia nchini Marekani na kuolewa na Riyad Ghali, mwanadiplomasia wa Misri mwenye imani ya Kikristo ya Kikoptiki. Ndoa hiyo ilifanyika licha ya upinzani wa kaka yake, Mfalme Farouk, pamoja na baraza la kifalme<ref>{{Citation|title=Fozia Hashim|date=2026-10-09|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fozia_Hashim&oldid=1379406954|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-977-388-050-7|title=Mawsūʻat al-aʻlām al-Miṣrīyah khilāl al-ʻaṣr al-ḥadīth wa-al-muʻāṣir|last=Sallām|first=ʻAlī Muḥammad|date=2006|publisher=Markaz al-Iskandarīyah lil-Kitāb|isbn=978-977-388-050-7|location=Al-Iskandarīyah|oclc=79410342}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] 5r5mzvb7m2gfw9eqk6a8x9gcw414vku 0 257187 1615250 1614912 2026-11-07T13:13:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615250 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano''' kufuzu kwa timu za '''wanaume''' kutoka ukanda wa '''Afrika''' kwa ajili ya '''Michezo''' ya ''Olimpiki'' ya ''Majira ya Kiangazi'' ya mwaka '''[[1960]]'''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Games of the XVII. Olympiad - Football Qualifying Tournament|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tableso/ol1960q.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] 2x27l1y98bwll5fw8ui9xy46eh6v21j 0 257189 1615292 1615098 2026-11-07T14:28:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615292 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laila''' '''Rashed Iskander Kamel''' (kwa Kiarabu: ليلى راشد إسكندر) ni [[mjasiriamali]] wa kijamii na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka nchini [[Misri]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa [[Mazingira]] katika [[serikali]] ya mpito iliyoongozwa na [[Waziri Mkuu]] '''Hazem El Beblawi'''. [[17 Juni|17 juni]] [[2014]] hadi [[19]] [[septemba]] [[2015]] Katika nafasi hiyo, alihusika na masuala ya [[mazingira]] nchini Misri<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=bt - Full Story|url=http://www.businesstodayegypt.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=6892|work=www.businesstodayegypt.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819224335/http://www.businesstodayegypt.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=6892|archivedate=2006-08-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] 4gde9yy0tbdubsckzc5n8l068qcjjrq 0 257192 1615320 1614925 2026-11-07T15:08:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615320 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mokone Marabe''' ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]] anayecheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Bantu FC. Pia amewahi kuiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya wanaume ya Lesotho, ambapo tangu mwaka [[2008]] amecheza mechi nne za kimataifa.<ref>Lesotho Football Association. (2019, October 22). "In conversation with Marabe brothers." LeFA. https://lefa.co.ls/in-conversation-with-marabe-brothers/</ref><ref>Lesotho Football Association. (2019, October 22). "In conversation with Marabe brothers." LeFA. https://lefa.co.ls/in-conversation-with-marabe-brothers/</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.worldfootball.com/p/113451/lesotho/M.%20Marabe|title=Mokone Marabe {{!}} Stats, Career information and Matches {{!}} World Football|website=www.worldfootball.com|access-date=2018-12-18}}</ref> == Historia ya Soka == Mokone Marabe alianza safari yake ya soka katika timu kubwa ya Bantu FC inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Lesotho. Alijijengea jina kama mshambuliaji mwenye kasi na uwezo wa kushambulia moja kwa moja langoni mwa wapinzani. Amecheza na kaka yake, Litšepe Marabe, katika ngazi ya klabu na timu ya taifa. == Safari Yake Katika Timu ya Taifa == Mokone Marabe alianza kuichezea timu ya taifa ya Lesotho, inayojulikana kama Likuena, mwaka 2008. Kabla ya kujiunga na timu ya wakubwa, aliwahi kuiwakilisha Lesotho katika timu za taifa za vijana chini ya miaka 20 (U-20) na chini ya miaka 23 (U-23). Mwaka [[2020]], alijumuishwa katika kikosi cha timu ya taifa ya Lesotho kwa ajili ya mechi za kufuzu Mashindano ya Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Wachezaji wa Ndani (CHAN) dhidi ya [[Zimbabwe]]. == Maisha Binafsi == Mokone anatoka katika familia inayopenda soka. Baba yake alikuwa mchezaji wa soka na amekuwa akihusika kwa karibu katika kuhamasisha na kusaidia maendeleo ya Mokone na kaka yake, Litšepe. Ndugu hao wameeleza kuwa baba yao amekuwa chanzo kikubwa cha hamasa katika maisha yao ya soka, hasa katika kuwafundisha umuhimu wa kufanya kazi kwa bidii, kuwa wanyenyekevu na kuwa na nidhamu == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] dbsb9yj8wae9hbgft7pehzoyxfbpax5 0 257223 1615308 1615101 2026-11-07T14:49:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615308 wikitext text/x-wiki <blockquote>'''Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 20 la mwaka''' [[2017]], ambalo linajulikana rasmi kama Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Total U-20, Zambia [[2017]], lilikuwa ni toleo la 14 la Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 20 (ikiwa ni toleo la 21 kama mashindano yasiyo na wenyeji yatajumuishwa), ambalo ni mashindano ya kimataifa ya soka ya vijana ya kila baada ya miaka miwili yaliyoandaliwa na Shirikisho la Mpira wa Miguu Afrika (CAF) kwa ajili ya wachezaji wenye umri wa miaka 20 na chini yake. Mashindano haya yalipangwa kufanyika nchini Zambia kati ya Februari 26 na Machi 12, [[2017]]. Timu nne bora zilifuzu kushiriki Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la U-20 la mwaka 2017 nchini Korea Kusini7 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africa - Total U-20 Africa Cup of Nations 2017 Zambia - Standings, Fixtures & Stats - Soccer {{!}} Global Sports Archive|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/en/soccer/competition/total-u-20-africa-cup-of-nations-2017-zambia/12354|work=GSA Website|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref></blockquote> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} <references /> [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira nchi kwa nchi]] lxg350zfrjtpuzpe78uz2piz0b75ccr 0 257224 1615332 1614976 2026-11-07T15:47:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615332 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyandeng Malek Deliech''' alizaliwa mwaka [[1964]]. Ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Sudan]] Kusini pia tangu tarehe 25 Mei 2010, amekuwa gavana wa jimbo la Sudan kusini . Alishinda uchaguzi kwa kupata kura 517,149. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuchaguliwa kuwa gavana wa jimbo nchini [[Sudan Kusini]]<ref>{{Citation|title=Shajar al-Durr|date=2026-11-07|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shajar_al-Durr&oldid=1384176765|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781504943468|title=South Sudan: the notable firsts|last=Kuyok|first=Kuyok Abol|date=08|publisher=Authorhouse|isbn=978-1-5049-4346-8|location=Bloomington}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan|url=http://www.sudantribune.com:80/spip.php?mot980|work=www.sudantribune.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] [[Jamii:Wafalme]] fr9u0ca92b5ib7400gjo16km7s6your 0 257226 1615237 1614982 2026-11-07T13:00:15Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Passy Mubalama | utaifa = Mkongo | nyumbani = [[Goma]] | kazi yake = Mwanaharakati, mwanahabari | asasi = AIDPROFEN | anajulikana kwa ajili ya = Mwanzilishi wa AIDPROFEN }} '''Passy Mubalama''' (jina kamili: Passy Mubalama Nabintu) ni [[Harakati|mwanaharakati]] wa [[demokrasia]] na [[haki za wanawake]] kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anaishi [[Goma]], katika [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]]. Zamani alikuwa [[mwanahabari]]. Passy Mubalama alianzisha shirika la AIDPROFEN mwaka 2011. Yeye ni mkurugenzi mtendaji wa shirika hilo. Amepata tuzo kadhaa za kitaifa na za kimataifa. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali na elimu === Passy Mubalama ana shahada ya usimamizi wa maendeleo. Alipata mafunzo ya uandishi wa habari katika Taasisi ya Kuripoti Vita na Amani (IWPR).<ref name="irex">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://irex.org/node/1074 |title=Passy Mubalama Nabintu |website=IREX |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Kazi === Passy Mubalama alianza kazi kama mwanahabari huru. Kwa zaidi ya miaka saba, aliripoti habari za kijamii, za [[haki za binadamu]] na za haki ya kimataifa. Aliripoti kutoka mashariki mwa Kongo, eneo lenye migogoro.<ref name="irex" /> Alifanya uchunguzi na mahojiano. Aliona mwenyewe ukiukaji wa haki za binadamu.<ref name="guichon2021">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://agir-ensemble-droits-humains.org/fr/passy-mubalama-femmes-a-lame/ |title=Passy Mubalama, femme(s) à l’âme |first=Guillaume |last=Guichon |website=Agir ensemble pour les droits humains |date=2021-12-09 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Passy Mubalama aliripoti kuhusu waathiriwa wa [[ukatili wa kijinsia]] katika kambi ya wakimbizi wa ndani ya Mugunga.<ref name="guichon2021" /> Hali mbaya ya kambi hiyo ilimfanya aanzishe AIDPROFEN mwaka 2011.<ref name="11be-hadithi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://11.be/en/stories/passy-defends-women%27s-rights-in-congo-together-with-aidprofen |title=Passy defends women’s rights in Congo together with Aidprofen |website=11.11.11 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Jina AIDPROFEN ni kifupi cha jina la Kifaransa ''Action et Initiatives de développement pour la protection de la femme et de l’enfant''.<ref name="guichon2021" /> AIDPROFEN ni shirika lisilo la faida. Linatetea haki za wanawake mashariki mwa Kongo. Linapambana na ukatili wa kijinsia. Pia linasaidia [[yatima]] na watoto waliotelekezwa.<ref name="aidprofen">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://aidprofen.org/ |title=Aidprofen |website=AIDPROFEN |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref name="11be">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://11.be/en/organizations/aidprofen |title=AidProfen |website=11.11.11 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Shirika hilo lina vituo vya kuwapokea waathiriwa, hata katika kambi za wakimbizi. Lina mipango kwa akina mama wenye watoto waliozaliwa kutokana na [[ubakaji]] wa vita. Linawasaidia wanawake na wasichana kupata haki mahakamani. Pia linatumia "uanaume chanya" kutetea haki za wanawake.<ref name="mmm2020">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://makemothersmatter.org/a-conversation-with-passy-mubalama/ |title=A conversation with Passy Mubalama |website=Make Mothers Matter |date=2020-03-18 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Passy Mubalama anasema ushiriki wa wanawake katika utatuzi wa migogoro na ujenzi wa amani ni muhimu sana.<ref name="mmm2020" /> Passy Mubalama anaandika [[blogu]], hasa kwa [[Kifaransa]]. Mwaka 2013, alipata ufadhili wa Voices of the Future kutoka World Pulse. Kwenye tovuti hiyo, aliandika barua ya wazi kwa Rais [[Joseph Kabila]].<ref name="iwmf2016">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.iwmf.org/reporting/congos-female-tech-activists-risk-violence-jail-and-rape-to-speak-out/ |title=Congo’s Female Tech Activists Risk Violence, Jail, and Rape to Speak Out |first=Kait |last=Bolongaro |website=IWMF |date=2016-09-23 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwaka 2016, alianzisha Kituo cha Elimu kuhusu Demokrasia na Haki za Binadamu. Kituo hicho kilifadhiliwa na National Endowment for Democracy (NED).<ref name="ned2018">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.ned.org/events/why-womens-political-participation-matters-in-the-congo/ |title=Why Women’s Political Participation Matters in the Congo |website=National Endowment for Democracy |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwaka 2018, alizungumza katika NED, huko [[Washington, D.C.]], kuhusu ushiriki wa wanawake katika siasa za Kongo.<ref name="ned2018" /> Pia alizungumza kuhusu haki za kidijitali nchini Kongo.<ref name="cima2018">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.cima.ned.org/blog/defending-digital-rights-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo-a-conversation-with-passy-mubalama/ |title=Defending Digital Rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Conversation with Passy Mubalama |first=Morgan |last=Frost |website=CIMA |date=2018-08-01 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwishoni mwa Mei 2021, [[Mlima Nyiragongo]] ulilipuka karibu na Goma. Passy Mubalama alilazimika kukimbia. Passy Mubalama ni mwanachama wa mtandao wa iDove tangu mwanzo wake. Mtandao huo unapambana na [[itikadi kali]] za vurugu miongoni mwa vijana.<ref name="akzente2021">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://akzente.giz.de/en/i-want-live-my-life-without-fear |title=‘I want to live my life without fear’ |first=Katrin |last=Gänsler |website=akzente (GIZ) |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616001958/https://akzente.giz.de/en/i-want-live-my-life-without-fear |archive-date=2025-06-16 |url-status=dead |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Tarehe 28 Februari 2024, Passy Mubalama alizungumza katika kikao cha 55 cha [[Baraza la Haki za Binadamu la Umoja wa Mataifa]], huko [[Geneva]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa wazungumzaji wanne wa asasi za kiraia. Alitoa hotuba yake kwa video.<ref name="mmm2024">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://makemothersmatter.org/stop-using-women-and-girls-as-weapons-of-war-says-mmm-member/ |title=Stop using women and girls as weapons of war says MMM member |website=Make Mothers Matter |date=2024-02-27 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwaka 2025, Passy Mubalama aliandika makala kuhusu hali ya Goma. Makala hiyo ilichapishwa na Forum 2000. Passy Mubalama ni mwanachama wa mtandao wa Forum 2000.<ref name="forum2000">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.forum2000.cz/en/news/goma-under-siege-and-international-paralysis |title=Goma Under Siege and International Paralysis |first=Passy |last=Mubalama |website=Forum 2000 |date=2025-05-22 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Tuzo == * Prix Jeune Espoir na Trophée des Excellents de la RDC, kwa kukuza haki za binadamu za wanawake.<ref name="mmm2020" /> * 2014: Mandela Washington Fellowship, ya mpango wa Young African Leaders Initiative.<ref name="ngocsw2020">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://ngocsw.org/past-csws/csw4/woman-of-distinction-2020/ |title=2020 Woman of Distinction Award |website=NGO CSW/NY |date=2020-01-09 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> * 2018: Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellowship, ya National Endowment for Democracy.<ref name="ngocsw2020" /><ref name="cima2018" /> * 2019: ChangeMaker wa shirika la 11.11.11.<ref name="mmm2020" /> * 2020: Tuzo ya Woman of Distinction ya Kamati ya [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|NGO]] kuhusu Hali ya Wanawake ([[Jiji la New York|New York]]). Alipendekezwa na muungano wa ESPERAS.<ref name="mmm2020" /><ref name="ngocsw2020" /> * 2021: Cheti cha tuzo cha Protection International, Goma, tarehe 29 Novemba 2021.<ref name="pi2022">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.protectioninternational.org/news/celebration-of-the-women-human-rights-defenders-day-in-dr-congo/ |title=Celebration of the Women Human Rights Defenders Day in DR Congo |first=Ephrem |last=Chiruza |website=Protection International |date=2022-02-06 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://aidprofen.org/ Tovuti ya AIDPROFEN] (kwa Kifaransa) * [[commons:File:RDC- Activista empodera mulheres na luta contra a violência sexual.webm|Video ya VOA kuhusu Passy Mubalama]] kwenye Wikimedia Commons (kwa Kireno) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mubalama, Passy}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] [[Jamii:Goma]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] 1g8ly3u5g63rpjryqxecr80u8emfqvb 1615245 1615237 2026-11-07T13:07:58Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Passy Mubalama | utaifa = Mkongo | nyumbani = [[Goma]] | kazi yake = Mwanaharakati, mwanahabari | asasi = AIDPROFEN | anajulikana kwa ajili ya = Mwanzilishi wa AIDPROFEN }} '''Passy Mubalama''' (jina kamili: Passy Mubalama Nabintu) ni [[Harakati|mwanaharakati]] wa [[demokrasia]] na [[haki za wanawake]] kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Anaishi [[Goma]], katika [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]]. Zamani alikuwa [[mwanahabari]]. Mwaka 2011 alianzisha shirika la AIDPROFEN, na ni mkurugenzi mtendaji wake. == Wasifu == === Maisha ya awali na elimu === Passy Mubalama ana shahada ya usimamizi wa maendeleo. Alipata mafunzo ya uandishi wa habari katika Taasisi ya Kuripoti Vita na Amani (IWPR).<ref name="irex">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://irex.org/node/1074 |title=Passy Mubalama Nabintu |website=IREX |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Kazi === Kwa zaidi ya miaka saba, Passy Mubalama alikuwa mwanahabari huru mashariki mwa Kongo. Aliripoti habari za kijamii, za [[haki za binadamu]] na za haki ya kimataifa.<ref name="irex" /> Mwaka 2011, alianzisha AIDPROFEN baada ya kuona hali mbaya ya kambi ya wakimbizi wa ndani ya Mugunga.<ref name="11be-hadithi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://11.be/en/stories/passy-defends-women%27s-rights-in-congo-together-with-aidprofen |title=Passy defends women’s rights in Congo together with Aidprofen |website=11.11.11 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> AIDPROFEN ni kifupi cha ''Action et Initiatives de développement pour la protection de la femme et de l’enfant''.<ref name="guichon2021">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://agir-ensemble-droits-humains.org/fr/passy-mubalama-femmes-a-lame/ |title=Passy Mubalama, femme(s) à l’âme |first=Guillaume |last=Guichon |website=Agir ensemble pour les droits humains |date=2021-12-09 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Shirika hilo lisilo la faida linatetea haki za wanawake na kupambana na [[ukatili wa kijinsia]]. Pia linasaidia [[yatima]].<ref name="aidprofen">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://aidprofen.org/ |title=Aidprofen |website=AIDPROFEN |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Lina vituo vya kuwapokea waathiriwa na mipango kwa akina mama wenye watoto waliozaliwa kutokana na [[ubakaji]] wa vita.<ref name="mmm2020">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://makemothersmatter.org/a-conversation-with-passy-mubalama/ |title=A conversation with Passy Mubalama |website=Make Mothers Matter |date=2020-03-18 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwaka 2013, alipata ufadhili wa Voices of the Future kutoka World Pulse.<ref name="iwmf2016">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.iwmf.org/reporting/congos-female-tech-activists-risk-violence-jail-and-rape-to-speak-out/ |title=Congo’s Female Tech Activists Risk Violence, Jail, and Rape to Speak Out |first=Kait |last=Bolongaro |website=IWMF |date=2016-09-23 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwaka 2016, alianzisha Kituo cha Elimu kuhusu Demokrasia na Haki za Binadamu, kwa msaada wa National Endowment for Democracy (NED). Mwaka 2018, alizungumza katika NED, huko [[Washington, D.C.]], kuhusu ushiriki wa wanawake katika siasa za Kongo.<ref name="ned2018">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.ned.org/events/why-womens-political-participation-matters-in-the-congo/ |title=Why Women’s Political Participation Matters in the Congo |website=National Endowment for Democracy |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa mtandao wa iDove, unaopambana na [[itikadi kali]] za vurugu miongoni mwa vijana.<ref name="akzente2021">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://akzente.giz.de/en/i-want-live-my-life-without-fear |title=‘I want to live my life without fear’ |first=Katrin |last=Gänsler |website=akzente (GIZ) |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616001958/https://akzente.giz.de/en/i-want-live-my-life-without-fear |archive-date=2025-06-16 |url-status=dead |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Tarehe 28 Februari 2024, alizungumza katika kikao cha 55 cha [[Baraza la Haki za Binadamu la Umoja wa Mataifa]].<ref name="mmm2024">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://makemothersmatter.org/stop-using-women-and-girls-as-weapons-of-war-says-mmm-member/ |title=Stop using women and girls as weapons of war says MMM member |website=Make Mothers Matter |date=2024-02-27 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Tuzo == * 2014: Mandela Washington Fellowship.<ref name="ngocsw2020">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://ngocsw.org/past-csws/csw4/woman-of-distinction-2020/ |title=2020 Woman of Distinction Award |website=NGO CSW/NY |date=2020-01-09 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> * 2018: Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellowship (NED).<ref name="ngocsw2020" /> * 2019: ChangeMaker wa shirika la 11.11.11.<ref name="mmm2020" /> * 2020: Tuzo ya Woman of Distinction ya Kamati ya [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|NGO]] kuhusu Hali ya Wanawake ([[Jiji la New York|New York]]).<ref name="ngocsw2020" /> * 2021: Cheti cha tuzo cha Protection International, Goma.<ref name="pi2022">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.protectioninternational.org/news/celebration-of-the-women-human-rights-defenders-day-in-dr-congo/ |title=Celebration of the Women Human Rights Defenders Day in DR Congo |first=Ephrem |last=Chiruza |website=Protection International |date=2022-02-06 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://aidprofen.org/ Tovuti ya AIDPROFEN] (kwa Kifaransa) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mubalama, Passy}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] [[Jamii:Goma]] 6rilgu9ei8fsca5hbko8q1dfzw12yzb 0 257227 1615335 1614985 2026-11-07T15:59:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615335 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Penreshnes''' au '''Penreshnas''' alikuwa [[malkia]] mdogo wa [[Misri]] ya Kale na [[mke]] wa [[farao]] ''Shoshenq'' wa [[Kwanza Unit|Kwanza]], mwanzilishi wa [[Nasaba]] ya [[22]] ya [[Misri]]. Alikuwa [[binti]] wa [[kiongozi]] mmoja wa jamii ya ''Walibya'' ambaye jina lake halikutajwa<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85668-298-5|title=The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, 1100-650 B.C|last=Kitchen|first=K. A.|date=1986|publisher=Aris & Phillips|isbn=978-0-85668-298-8|edition=2nd ed. with suppl|location=Warminster, England}}</ref>Inaaminika kuwa jina lake linaweza kumaanisha “furaha yetu inamhusu yeye”. Penreshnes alimzaa mwana wa kifalme aliyeitwa Nimlot B, ambaye baadaye aliteuliwa na [[baba]] yake kuwa [[Kamanda]] wa vikosi vyote vya [[askari]] wa miguu katika mji wa ''Herakleopolis Magna''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Book sources - Wikipedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-438-10997-8|work=en.wikipedia.org|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] cnfybxu2l8x10shjpb6zj0cc4l2nbyw 0 257228 1615298 1614986 2026-11-07T14:36:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|picha=Nakadama Rukia Isanga.jpg|jina=Lukia Isanga Nakadama|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa={{Birth date and age|1970|2|2|df=yes}}|nchi=[[Uganda]]}} '''Lukia Isanga Nakadama''' (alizaliwa [[tarehe]] [[2 Februari]] [[1970]]), ambaye wakati mwingine [[jina]] lake huandikwa Rukia Isanga Nakadama, ni [[mfanyabiashara]], [[mwalimu]] na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Uganda]]. Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu [[Waziri]] Mkuu wa Tatu wa Uganda na Waziri asiye na [[Wizara]] maalumu, nafasi alizoanza kuzishikilia tarehe [[9 Juni]] 2021. == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Isanga Nakadama alizaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1970. Alilelewa katika [[familia]] ya mitala, akiwa mtoto wa [[sita]] kati ya [[Mtoto|watoto]] 12 wa [[mama]] yake. [[Baba]] yake alikuwa na wake wengine [[Wafilisti|wawili.]]<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Ali |first=Akhter |last2=Rahut |first2=Dil Bahadur |date=2018-10-02 |title=Farmers willingness to grow GM food and cash crops: empirical evidence from Pakistan |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2018.1544831 |journal=GM Crops &amp; Food |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=199–210 |doi=10.1080/21645698.2018.1544831 |issn=2164-5698}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2019-06-27 |title=Integrated Cervical Cancer Screening in Mayuge District Uganda (ASPIRE Mayuge) |url=https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct04000503 |journal=Case Medical Research |doi=10.31525/ct1-nct04000503 |issn=2643-4652}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Integrated cervical cancer screening in Mayuge district Uganda (ASPIRE Mayuge)|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn12767014|work=http://isrctn.com/|date=2019-05-17|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Beth Payne, Gina Ogilvie, Sheona Mitchell-Foster, Carolyn Nakisige}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasomi]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] scvtvi3xc0tyqxke4g1vhcfiis1pi6u 0 257230 1615347 1614990 2026-11-07T16:38:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Joseph is sold by his brethren.jpg|thumb|hadithi ya yusufu na ndugu zake]] '''Hadithi ya Yusufu na Ndugu Zake''' ( Kiitaliano ni Giuseppe venduto dai fratelli) ni [[filamu]] ya [[Dramane Dembélé|drama]] ya kibiblia ya mwaka [[1961]], iliyoongozwa na Irving Rapper na Luciano Ricci. [[Filamu]] hii pia inajulikana kwa [[Majina ya kisayansi|majina]] mengine kama, Joseph Sold by His Brothers (Yusufu Aliyeuzwa na Ndugu Zake).,Joseph and His Brethren (Yusufu na Ndugu Zake), jina lililotumika kwenye jalada la DVD nchini Marekani, Sold into Egypt (Aliyeuzwa na Kupelekwa Misri), jina lililotumika nchini Uingereza., [[Filamu]] hii ilikuwa filamu ya mwisho aliyoshiriki mwigizaji Belinda Lee kabla ya kifo chake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=A Tale of Two Blondes: Diana Dors and Belinda Lee|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/a-tale-of-two-blondes-diana-dors-and-belinda-lee/|work=FilmInk|date=2020-09-07|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-AU|author=Dov Kornits}}</ref> == Muhtasari wa Mtiririko wa Hadithi == Yusufu anaishi katika nchi ya Kanaani, ambako anapendwa zaidi na baba yake, Yakobo, kuliko wanawe wengine 12. Ndugu zake Yusufu wanamwonea [[wivu]] kwa sababu ya nafasi yake ya pekee katika familia na uwezo wake wa ajabu wa kutafsiri ndoto za watu.Siku moja, Yakobo anamwagiza Yusufu achukue kundi la kondoo ili akawauze. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=A Tale of Two Blondes: Diana Dors and Belinda Lee|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/a-tale-of-two-blondes-diana-dors-and-belinda-lee/|work=FilmInk|date=2020-09-07|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-AU|author=Dov Kornits}}</ref>Ndugu zake wanaona hiyo kuwa nafasi nzuri ya kumwondoa Yusufu katika [[familia]] yao milele. Wanampiga Yusufu na kumuuza kwa [[mfanyabiashara]] wa watumwa. Baadaye, wanarudi kwa baba yao Yakobo na kumdanganya kwamba Yusufu ameuawa na [[mnyama]] mkali wa porini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=A Tale of Two Blondes: Diana Dors and Belinda Lee|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/a-tale-of-two-blondes-diana-dors-and-belinda-lee/|work=FilmInk|date=2020-09-07|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-AU|author=Dov Kornits}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Italia]] [[Jamii:Filamu]] hjr34qjvm56aool3wljhlvl5ttqe2ic 0 257234 1615293 1614996 2026-11-07T14:30:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615293 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lehlohonolo Seema''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[9 Juni]] [[1980]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Akiwa mchezaji, alicheza nafasi ya [[beki]] na [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] kabla ya kustaafu soka. Alianza safari yake ya ukocha mwaka [[2013]] akiwa kocha msaidizi katika klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. Baadaye, aliteuliwa kuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu mbalimbali nchini humo, zikiwemo ''Black Leopards, Lamontville Golden Arrows, Chippa United, Polokwane City, Sekhukhune United'' na ''Siwelele''. Timu hizo zinashiriki au zimeshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya Afrika Kusini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-11-20|title=Lehlohonolo Seema: Sekhukhune United appoint former Orlando Pirates captain as their new coach replacing Truter|url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/lehlohonolo-seema-sekhukhune-united-appoint-former-orlando-pirates-captain-their-new-coach-replacing-truter/blt583a3967d1b2c244|access-date=2023-12-17|website=www.goal.com|language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Rabothe|first=Tshepo|date=2025-03-06|title=Sekhukhune United show Seema exit door|url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/03/06/sekhukhune-united-show-seema-exit-door/|access-date=2025-03-08|website=FARPost|language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Mark|last=Jonty|title=Money does buy happiness|url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=6&click_id=19&art_id=vn20040913063658835C860432|work=IOL|date=13 September 2004|accessdate=22 December 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Matshe|last=Nkareng|title=Bucs duo in trouble again|url=http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=6&click_id=79&art_id=vn20061205065713110C617239|work=IOL|date=6 December 2006|accessdate=22 December 2006}}</ref> == Historia ya Uchezaji == Lehlohonolo Seema alijiunga na klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic ya Afrika Kusini katika msimu wa [[1998]]/[[1999]]. Akiwa katika klabu hiyo, aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa timu kabla ya kuhamia Orlando Pirates mwaka [[2006]]. Akiwa ''Orlando Pirates'', aliendelea kuonyesha uwezo wake na kupewa nafasi ya unahodha. Alistaafu kucheza soka katika klabu hiyo tarehe [[1 Julai]] [[2011]]. == Safari Yake Katika Timu ya Taifa == Lehlohonolo Seema alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji muhimu wa timu ya taifa ya Lesotho. Mwaka [[2003]], alikuwa mchezaji pekee wa Lesotho aliyekuwa akicheza soka katika klabu ya nje ya nchi. Mwaka [[2001]], aliifungia Lesotho bao la ushindi kwa mkwaju wa penalti dakika ya 87 dhidi ya [[Zimbabwe]], katika mchezo wa kufuzu kwa [[Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika]] (AFCON). Mechi hiyo ilichezwa jijini Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, na ushindi huo ulikuwa muhimu sana kwa timu ya taifa ya Lesotho. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8ofqmol4jz4p64meoh97wufqk9giukg 0 257238 1615287 1615009 2026-11-07T13:58:26Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karomama (A),''' anayejulikana pia kwa jina la '''Karamat''', alikuwa [[malkia]] na [[mke]] wa kifalme katika [[Misri]] ya Kale. Taarifa kumhusu zinapatikana kupitia jiwe la kumbukumbu linalojulikana kama Stela of Pasenhor. Kupitia maandishi ya jiwe hilo, inafahamika kuwa alikuwa mke wa '''Farao''' '''Shoshenq''' wa Kwanza na [[mama]] wa '''Farao Osorkon''' wa [[Kwanza Unit|Kwanza]], ambaye baadaye alirithi [[ufalme]] wa [[baba]] yake.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-05128-3|title=The complete royal families of Ancient Egypt|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|last2=Hilton|first2=Dyan|date=2004|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-05128-3|location=London ; New York}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85668-298-8|title=The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, 1100-650 B.C|last=Kitchen|first=K. A.|date=1986|publisher=Aris & Phillips|isbn=978-0-85668-298-8|edition=2nd ed. with suppl|location=Warminster, England}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b5ujki07opz5ht5euy4n9w1tv0h89qk 0 257241 1615311 1615018 2026-11-07T14:49:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615311 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano''' '''ya kufuzu kwa timu za taifa za wanaume kutoka ukanda wa Afrika kwa ajili ya Michezo ya Olimpiki''' .Yalianza mwezi [[Desemba]] [[1998]] na kumalizika mwezi Mei [[2000]]'''.''' Mashindano hayo yalifanyika kwa lengo la kupata timu za taifa za Afrika zenye wachezaji walio chini ya umri wa [[miaka]] 23 ambazo zingeshiriki katika mashindano ''ya soka ya'' [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya Majira ya Kiangazi ya mwaka 2000.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Games of the XXVII. Olympiad - Football Qualifying Tournament|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tableso/ol2000q.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} 2upt5r80zegw5zc7blxwlf6mxcwd7za 0 257243 1615346 1615023 2026-11-07T16:36:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tefo Maipato''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[9 Machi]] [[1986]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Alikuwa akicheza nafasi ya kiungo katika klabu ya ''Bantu FC'' nchini Lesotho. Hata hivyo, taarifa za mwisho zinaonyesha kuwa tayari amestaafu kucheza soka.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tefo Maipato (Spieler)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/23172/Tefo_Maipato.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=de|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Molapo Sports Centre: From The Archives - Tefo “Chico” Maipato|url=https://molaposportscentre.blogspot.com/2011/03/from-archives-tefo-chico-maipato.html|work=Molapo Sports Centre|date=2011-03-30|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Molaposc}}</ref> == Historia ya Soka == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 16, Tefo Maipato alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya klabu ya ''Orlando Pirates'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. Alitarajia kupandishwa kucheza katika timu kuu ya klabu hiyo mwaka [[2006]], lakini hilo halikutokea. Aliendelea kubaki katika kikosi cha akiba huku baadhi ya wachezaji wenzake wakipandishwa kucheza timu kuu. Hali hiyo ilimkatisha tamaa na hatimaye akaamua kuondoka katika klabu hiyo na kurejea nyumbani Lesotho. Mwaka [[2009]], alijiunga na klabu ya Bantu FC nchini Lesotho, ambako aliendelea na safari yake ya soka akicheza nafasi ya kiungo. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1b3p28k4uq42mf261spau9341d3kbzk 0 257245 1615295 1615027 2026-11-07T14:33:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615295 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Ismail and kapp.jpg|thumb|'''Shabnim Ismail and Marizanne Kapp at Taunton in 2009''']] '''Kriketi ya Wanawake ya Twenty20 Kimataifa''' (Women's Twenty20 International) Women's Twenty20 International) ni aina ya mchezo wa kriketi unaochezwa kwa overs 20 kwa kila timu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ponting leads as Kasprowicz follows|url=https://www.cricinfo.com/story/ponting-leads-as-kasprowicz-follows-144628|work=Cricinfo|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref>Mchezo huu huchezwa ndani ya muda usiozidi dakika 150 kati ya timu mbili zinazoshiriki katika Baraza la Kimataifa la Kriketi [[Ice Cube|(ICC)]]. [[Mchezo]] wa kwanza wa Twenty20 [[International Standard Serial Number|International]] kwa [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] ulifanyika mwezi Agosti mwaka [[2004]] kati ya timu za taifa za (England na New Zealand). <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ponting leads as Kasprowicz follows|url=https://www.cricinfo.com/story/ponting-leads-as-kasprowicz-follows-144628|work=Cricinfo|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref>Mchezo huo ulifanyika miezi sita kabla ya mchezo wa kwanza wa (Twenty20 International)kati ya timu mbili za [[Mwanaume|wanaume]]. Timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Afrika Kusini ilicheza mchezo wake wa kwanza wa (Twenty20 International) mwaka 2007 katika uwanja wa (County Ground, Taunton), dhidi ya (New Zealand) [[Mchezo]] huo ulifanyika wakati ziara za timu hizo mbili nchini England zilipokutana kwa wakati mmoja. Tangu kuanzishwa kwa [[timu]] hiyo, [[jumla]] ya wanawake 62 wameiwakilisha Afrika Kusini katika mashindano ya Twenty20 International. Orodha hii inajumuisha wachezaji wote ambao wamewahi [[kushiriki]] angalau mchezo mmoja wa Twenty20 International. Mwanzoni, wachezaji wamepangwa kulingana na mpangilio wa mechi zao za kwanza za kimataifa. Ikiwa wachezaji zaidi ya mmoja walipata nafasi yao ya kwanza katika [[mchezo]] mmoja, majina yao hupangwa kwa kufuata alfabeti ya majina yao ya [[ukoo]] wakati walipoanza kucheza [[mashindano]] hayo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ponting leads as Kasprowicz follows|url=https://www.cricinfo.com/story/ponting-leads-as-kasprowicz-follows-144628|work=Cricinfo|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Michezo]] jlxikya3ji3eh3kzsa73jguef2rz520 0 257246 1615300 1615029 2026-11-07T14:38:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615300 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maatkare''', anayejulikana pia kwa jina la '''Maatkare B,''' alikuwa [[mke]] wa '''Farao Osorkon''' wa [[Kwanza (mto)|Kwanza]] wa [[Misri]] ya Kale na [[mama]] wa '''''Shoshenq Q''''', aliyekuwa [[Kuhani]] Mkuu wa [[mungu]] '''Amun'''. Katika [[historia]] ya [[familia]] ya kifalme, Maatkare alikuwa binti wa [[mfalme]] Psusennes wa Pili, anayejulikana pia kwa jina la Pasebkhanut wa Pili. Hivyo, alikuwa na nafasi muhimu katika ukoo wa kifalme wa Misri ya Kale kupitia ndoa yake na Farao Osorkon wa Kwanza na mwanawe Shoshenq Q.<ref>{{Citation|title=ISBN|date=2026-10-31|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ISBN&oldid=1382919276|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Brandl |first=Helmut |date=2012-01-01 |title=Kunst und Gesellschaft in der Libyerzeit. Beobachtungen an Königsstatuen der Dritten Zwischenzeit |url=https://www.academia.edu/8244662/Kunst_und_Gesellschaft_in_der_Libyerzeit_Beobachtungen_an_K%C3%B6nigsstatuen_der_Dritten_Zwischenzeit |journal=K. A. Kóthay (ed.), ART AND SOCIETY: ANCIENT AND MODERN CONTEXTS OF EGYPTIAN ART. Proceedings of the International Conference held at the Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest, 13-15 May 2010.}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] m458n59ddtvr59wf6x8yl9726sfnefl 0 257249 1615323 1615043 2026-11-07T15:10:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615323 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Motheo Mohapi''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[8 Agosti]] [[1968]]) ni [[kocha]] wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]] na mchezaji wa zamani wa soka. Akiwa mchezaji, alicheza nafasi ya kiungo na kuiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Lesotho kuanzia mwaka [[1995]] hadi [[2000]]. Baada ya kumaliza safari yake ya uchezaji, aliingia katika kazi ya ukocha. Kuanzia mwaka [[2006]] hadi [[Machi]] [[2007]], aliwahi kuwa kocha wa timu ya taifa ya Lesotho. Pia amewahi kuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu ya ''Bantu FC'' nchini Lesotho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Mahao|first=Seabata|date=June 16, 2025|title=Mohapi ready for fresh Bantu challenge|url=https://newsdayonline.co.ls/mohapi-ready-for-fresh-bantu-challenge/|access-date=2026-04-14|website=Newsdayonline|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/6474143.stm|title=Lesotho coach walks out|date=2007-03-21|access-date=2018-05-03|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Makocha]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b3u01po7cgmkwowbrm5y0z5ye93uktt 0 257252 1615333 1615052 2026-11-07T15:51:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615333 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mchezo wa One Day International''' (ODI) ni [[mechi]] ya [[kriketi]] ya kimataifa inayochezwa kati ya [[timu]] mbili, ambazo kila moja ina hadhi ya [[kushiriki]] [[mashindano]] ya ODI, kama inavyoamuliwa na [[Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa|Baraza]] la Kimataifa la Kriketi (ICC).Toleo la mchezo huu kwa [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] linafanana na lile la [[Mwanaume|wanaume]], isipokuwa kuna tofauti ndogo katika masuala ya uamuzi wa waamuzi na mahitaji ya uwanja wa [[Kichezeo|kuchezea]].Mechi ya kwanza ya ODI kwa wanawake ilichezwa [[mwaka]] [[1973]], kati ya timu za [[Uingereza]] na [[Australia]].Kutokana na vikwazo vya kimichezo vilivyowekwa dhidi ya Afrika Kusini wakati wa kipindi cha [[ubaguzi]] wa rangi (Apartheid), timu ya taifa ya kriketi ya wanawake ya [[Afrika Kusini]] haikushiriki mechi yake ya kwanza ya ODI hadi [[Agosti]] [[1997]], ilipocheza dhidi ya Ireland jijini Belfast.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Table 1: ODI and NDI results among midwives.|url=https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19079/table-1|work=doi.org|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Supplemental Information 3: Match results.|url=https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3347/supp-3|work=doi.org|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Mbegu za michezo]] [[Jamii:Michezo]] [[Jamii:Afrika Kusini]] rnzpk860tveylfw5nmdj3ypnu6ft7qz 0 257268 1615329 1615123 2026-11-07T15:42:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615329 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nesitaudjatakhet''' (pia anajulikana kama Nesi-taudjat-akhet) alikuwa [[malkia]] wa [[Misri]] ya Kale na [[mke]] wa ''Farao Sheshonk'' wa Pili. Alikuwa [[mama]] wa [[Mtoto|mwana]] wa kifalme aliyeitwa ''Osorkon D.'' Taarifa kuhusu Nesitaudjatakhet na mwanawe Osorkon zinapatikana katika hati ya kale ya mafunjo inayojulikana kama ''Papyrus'' ''Denon'', iliyohifadhiwa katika Jiji la Saint Petersburg nchini [[Urusi]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85668-298-8|title=The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, 1100-650 B.C|last=Kitchen|first=K. A.|date=1986|publisher=Aris & Phillips|isbn=978-0-85668-298-8|edition=2nd ed. with suppl|location=Warminster, England}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] lmw2t4wug6pqxihr7bvk7wdx28va0np 0 257275 1615348 1615132 2026-11-07T16:38:32Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 4 template(s) replaced. 1615348 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:TheYoungerLady-61072-RightProfileView-PlateXCIX-TheRoyalMummies-1912 (cropped).jpg|alt=The Younger Lady|thumb|'''Right profile view of the mummy from KV35''']] '''The Younger Lady''' (Mwanamke Mdogo) ni jina lisilo rasmi lililopewa mwili wa mwanamke wa Misri ya Kale uliohifadhiwa kama mummy (mwili uliohifadhiwa kwa njia maalumu baada ya kifo).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=News & Updates {{!}} UChicago ISAC|url=https://isac.uchicago.edu/news|work=isac.uchicago.edu|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> Mwili huo uligunduliwa ndani ya kaburi la KV35 katika eneo la (Valley of the Kings )Bonde la Wafalme na mwanaakiolojia Victor Loret mwaka 1898. Mummy huyo pia amepewa majina ya utambulisho KV35YL (ambapo “YL” ni kifupi cha Younger Lady) na namba 61072. Kwa sasa, mwili huo umehifadhiwa katika Jumba la [[Jumba la Makumbusho|Makumbusho]] la [[Misri]] lililopo Cairo. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=News & Updates {{!}} UChicago ISAC|url=https://isac.uchicago.edu/news|work=isac.uchicago.edu|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> Kupitia vipimo vya vinasaba (DNA), ilibainika kuwa mummy huyo alikuwa mama wa Farao Tutankhamun na binti wa [[Farao]] Amenhotep III na mke wake mkuu wa kifalme, [[Malkia]] Tiye. Mwanzoni, kulikuwa na dhana kwamba mummy huyo alikuwa mabaki ya [[mwili]] wa [[Malkia]] Nefertiti. Hata hivyo, dhana hiyo ilipingwa na watafiti kwa sababu hakuna ushahidi unaoonyesha kwamba Nefertiti aliwahi kupewa cheo cha “Binti wa [[Mfalme]]” (King's Daughter). Isipokuwa kama mummy huyo alikuwa binamu wa Akhenaten badala ya dada yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=News & Updates {{!}} UChicago ISAC|url=https://isac.uchicago.edu/news|work=isac.uchicago.edu|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> [[Mtaalamu|Wataalamu]] wawili wa [[historia]] ya [[Misri]] ya Kale, Zahi Hawass na Martin Bommas, wamependekeza kuwa mwanamke huyo huenda alikuwa Beketaten, binti mdogo zaidi wa Malkia Tiye na Farao Amenhotep III, ambaye pia alikuwa mama wa Tutankhamun.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=News & Updates {{!}} UChicago ISAC|url=https://isac.uchicago.edu/news|work=isac.uchicago.edu|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Misri ya Kale]] e5uyk31n5iyxg4nqm2emuy54qgdey1v 0 257282 1615286 1615142 2026-11-07T13:57:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kapes''' alikuwa [[malkia]] wa [[Misri]] ya Kale na [[mke]] wa ''Farao Takelot'' wa [[Kwanza Unit|Kwanza]], ambaye alikuwa [[mama]] wa ''Farao Osorkon'' wa Pili. Jina lake limetajwa kwenye jiwe la [[kumbukumbu]] linalojulikana kama Stela of Pasenhor, lililogunduliwa katika eneo la ''Serapeum'' ya Saqqara, ambapo alipewa cheo cha heshima cha [[Mama]] wa [[Mungu]] (God's Mother). Aidha, Kapes anatajwa pia katika kaburi la mwanawe, '''Farao Osorkon''' wa Pili, lililopo Tanis, ingawa hakuna vyeo vingine vilivyotajwa kumhusu katika kaburi hilo. Maandishi ya maombolezo yaliyopatikana kaburini humo yanamalizika kwa maneno ya Kimisri ya kale “''ir n.f K3pws''”, yanayotafsiriwa kuwa “Kapes alifanya jambo hili kwa ajili yake.”<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9547218-9-3|title=Ancient Egyptian queens: a hieroglyphic dictionary|last=Grajetzki|first=Wolfram|date=2005|publisher=Golden House|isbn=978-0-9547218-9-3|edition=2. imprint|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gonçalo Mabunda - Biography|url=https://www.magnin-a.com/artists/45-goncalo-mabunda/biography/|work=MAGNIN-A|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] 38v5mon6h0z8bpacu0dz9j18l9i6ai5 0 257288 1615340 1615152 2026-11-07T16:11:32Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615340 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Milla2008.JPG|thumb|Roger Milla]] '''Roger Miller''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe 20 Mei [[1952|1952),]] anayejulikana kwa jina la Roger Milla, ni raia wa kameruni na aliyekuwa mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa. Alicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Shirikisho la Soka Duniani [[FIFA|(FIFA)]] lilimtaja Milla kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji wa kwanza kutoka Afrika kupata umaarufu mkubwa duniani. Aliiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Cameroon katika mashindano matatu ya Kombe la Dunia la FIFA<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/articles/cameroon-legend-roger-milla-turns-70|work=www.fifa.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/articles/roger-milla-interview-cameroon-indomitable-lions-fifa-world-cup-record|work=www.fifa.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 15ghjobq78xfreenbzb3yx8i7qcap97 0 257292 1615294 1615159 2026-11-07T14:31:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615294 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lesia Thetsane''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[24 Mei]] [[1997]]) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Anacheza nafasi ya beki au kiungo katika klabu ya ''Ballard FC'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''USL League Two'', na pia katika klabu ya ''Kansas City Comets'' inayoshiriki ligi ya ''Major Arena Soccer League'' nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lestimes.com/i-am-ready-for-likuena-thetsane/|title=I Am Ready For Likuena: Thetsane|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.columbiamissourian.com/sports/other_sports/from-landlocked-to-lockdown-makoanyane-thetsane-bring-lesotho-bred-game-to-columbia-college/article_4d8c33fc-dd82-11e9-be55-e3bfbf1efb7b.html|title=From landlocked to lockdown: Makoanyane, Thetsane bring Lesotho-bred game to Columbia College|date=24 September 2019|publisher=columbiamussourian.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Levinson|first1=Scott|title=COMETS ADD TALENTED DEFENDER/MIDFIELDER|url=https://www.kccomets.com/news/comets-add-talented-defender/midfielder|website=KCComets.com|date=31 August 2021|access-date=5 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.goballardfc.com/news/2022/04/15/qa-with-ballard-fc-players-mako-makoanyane-and-lesia-thetsane/|title=Q&A With Ballard FC Players, Mako Makoanyane and Lesia Thetsane|publisher=goballardfc.com}}</ref> == Historia ya Soka == Kabla ya kuanza msimu wa mwaka [[2018]], Thetsane alijiunga na timu ya ''Columbia College Cougars'' nchini Marekani. Tarehe [[31 Agosti]] [[2021]], alisaini mkataba wa kucheza soka la kulipwa na klabu ya ''Kansas City Comets'' inayoshiriki ligi ya Major Arena Soccer League. Kabla ya msimu wa mwaka [[2022]], alisaini mkataba na klabu ya Ballard FC ya Marekani. Mwezi Februari [[2023]], Thetsane alihamia klabu ya Harrisburg Heat akitokea Kansas City Comets. Alihamia pamoja na wachezaji Mike Da Silva na Richard Schmermund katika makubaliano ya kubadilishana wachezaji na Zach Reget. Mwezi [[Novemba]] [[2024]], Thetsane alirejea katika klabu ya Kansas City Comets. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3osxcyobjpf1hu0yulmc1kd30zl60x8 0 257294 1615163 2026-11-07T12:00:51Z Dickson manumbu mapambano 73990 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kaouthar Bachraoui''', ni mwanahabari na mtangazaji wa vyombo vya habari kutoka '''Tunisia'''. Alizaliwa na baba mwenye asili ya Tunisia na mama mwenye asili ya '''Italia'''.Alianza kazi yake katika Shirika la Televisheni la Taifa la Tunisia. Baadaye alijiunga na kituo cha '''televisheni cha MBC''', ambako aliendesha kipindi kilichoitwa As-Sahra Al-Maftouha (Jioni Wazi). == Maisha binafsi == Aliolewa mara moja, lakini baadaye aliachana na mumewe. Ana...' 1615163 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kaouthar Bachraoui''', ni mwanahabari na mtangazaji wa vyombo vya habari kutoka '''Tunisia'''. Alizaliwa na baba mwenye asili ya Tunisia na mama mwenye asili ya '''Italia'''.Alianza kazi yake katika Shirika la Televisheni la Taifa la Tunisia. Baadaye alijiunga na kituo cha '''televisheni cha MBC''', ambako aliendesha kipindi kilichoitwa As-Sahra Al-Maftouha (Jioni Wazi). == Maisha binafsi == Aliolewa mara moja, lakini baadaye aliachana na mumewe. Ana mtoto mmoja wa kiume anayeitwa '''Youssef'''.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150101092524/http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13930705001330</ref> == Kaouthar == Kaouthar ni filamu ya makala (documentary) iliyotengenezwa mwaka 2014, inayohusu maisha ya Kaouthar Bachraoui.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150101092524/http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13930705001330</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu]] [[Jamii:Watu]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu kufuatana na dini]] [[Jamii:Watu bara kwa bara]] [[Jamii:Watu waliouawa]] [[Jamii:Watu waliopewa cheo cha "Sir"]] 3g7f7s9sn4i0wwdts2n974aej9g9asu 0 257295 1615164 2026-11-07T12:01:32Z CaliBen 33319 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:270px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 2010''' |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Tunisia]] |- ! Tarehe | Julai |- ! Timu | 6 <small>(kutoka mashirikisho 2)</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Mali]] |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pili | [[Tunisia]] |- ! colspan="2...' 1615164 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:270px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 2010''' |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Tunisia]] |- ! Tarehe | Julai |- ! Timu | 6 <small>(kutoka mashirikisho 2)</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Mali]] |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pili | [[Tunisia]] |- ! colspan="2" | Takwimu za mashindano |- ! Mechi | 9 |- ! Mabao | 20 (wastani wa 2.22 kwa mechi) |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | ← 2009 · [[Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 2011|2011]] → |} '''Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 2010''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''2010 UNAF U-17 Tournament'') yalikuwa toleo la 6 la Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17. Yalifanyika nchini [[Tunisia]] mwezi Julai 2010. == Washiriki == * [[Tunisia]] (mwenyeji) * [[Algeria]] * [[Moroko]] * [[Mali]] (mwalikwa) * [[Guinea]] (mwalikwa) * [[Bahrain]] (mwalikwa) == Hatua ya makundi == ''Saa zote ni za hapo nchini ([[UTC+01:00|UTC+1]]).'' <span style="background:#ccffcc; padding:0 8px">&nbsp;</span> Mshindi wa kundi, alifuzu kwa fainali · <span style="background:#ccccff; padding:0 8px">&nbsp;</span> Mshindi wa pili wa kundi, alifuzu kwa mechi ya mshindi wa tatu === Kundi A === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:175px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> |- style="background:#ccffcc" | style="text-align:left" | [[Tunisia]] || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 3 || 2 || +1 || '''4''' |- style="background:#ccccff" | style="text-align:left" | [[Guinea]] || 2 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 4 || 3 || +1 || '''3''' |- | style="text-align:left" | [[Bahrain]] || 2 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 2 || 4 || −2 || '''1''' |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left" | Timu 2 |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Tunisia]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''2–1''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Guinea]] |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | [[Bahrain]] || style="width:60px" | '''1–1''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Tunisia]] |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Guinea]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''3–1''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Bahrain]] |} === Kundi B === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:175px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> |- style="background:#ccffcc" | style="text-align:left" | [[Mali]] || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || +2 || '''6''' |- style="background:#ccccff" | style="text-align:left" | [[Moroko]] || 2 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || −1 || '''1''' |- | style="text-align:left" | [[Algeria]] || 2 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || −1 || '''1''' |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left" | Timu 2 |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | [[Moroko]] || style="width:60px" | '''0–0''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Algeria]] |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Mali]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''1–0''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Algeria]] |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Mali]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''1–0''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Moroko]] |} == Hatua ya mtoano == === Mechi ya nafasi ya tano === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left" | Timu 2 |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Algeria]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''3–0''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Bahrain]] |} === Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left" | Timu 2 |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Guinea]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''4–1''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Moroko]] |} === Fainali === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left" | Timu 2 |- | style="text-align:right; width:200px" | '''[[Mali]]''' || style="width:60px" | '''1–0''' || style="text-align:left; width:200px" | [[Tunisia]] |} == Bingwa == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; width:25%" |- ! Bingwa wa Mashindano ya UNAF U-17 2010 |- | '''[[Mali]]'''<br />'''Taji la 1''' |} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.cafonline.com/football/news/6100-mali-wins-unaf-under-17-football-competition.html Mali wins UNAF U-17 competition] – ''cafonline.com'' [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] f2sxpy4fic5i9vg23n9fkzf32hassd4 0 257296 1615167 2026-11-07T12:03:03Z Advela jackson 93791 anzisha makala 1615167 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa vijana chini ya miaka 17 (AFCON U-17) mwaka [[2017]] yalifanyika nchini Gabon kuanzia tarehe 14 hadi 28 Mei [[2017]]. Mashindano hayo yalishirikisha timu nane za taifa, ambapo kila timu ilitakiwa kusajili wachezaji 21, wakiwemo makipa watatu. Wachezaji walioruhusiwa kushiriki ni wale waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari [[2000]] au baada ya hapo. Aidha, ni wachezaji waliosajiliwa rasmi pekee ndio walioruhusiwa kucheza mashindano hayo.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2017-09-27 |title=China Set Sights on Hosting World Cup: A Case Study of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil |url=https://doi.org/10.15242/heaig.h0917501 |journal=Sept. 28-30, 2017 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) ESTSD-17, IEREM-17, CBAES-17, LHSSE-17 &amp; TBFL-17 |publisher=HEAIG |doi=10.15242/heaig.h0917501}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20]] b4iietxr95sm7v5xd7zwxuqsnsgxrer 1615355 1615167 2026-11-07T16:54:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615355 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa vijana chini ya miaka 17 (AFCON U-17) mwaka [[2017]] yalifanyika nchini Gabon kuanzia tarehe 14 hadi 28 Mei [[2017]]. Mashindano hayo yalishirikisha timu nane za taifa, ambapo kila timu ilitakiwa kusajili wachezaji 21, wakiwemo makipa watatu. Wachezaji walioruhusiwa kushiriki ni wale waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari [[2000]] au baada ya hapo. Aidha, ni wachezaji waliosajiliwa rasmi pekee ndio walioruhusiwa kucheza mashindano hayo.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |date=2017-09-27 |title=China Set Sights on Hosting World Cup: A Case Study of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil |url=https://doi.org/10.15242/heaig.h0917501 |journal=Sept. 28-30, 2017 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) ESTSD-17, IEREM-17, CBAES-17, LHSSE-17 &amp; TBFL-17 |publisher=HEAIG |doi=10.15242/heaig.h0917501}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20]] 7ba4nvqs08cprq5z2lji3lnb25ogp2o 0 257297 1615168 2026-11-07T12:04:57Z Gladys Gibbs 40388 Kuanzisha makala 1615168 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya UNAF ya walio na umri chini ya miaka 20 ya [[2021]] ni toleo la 14 la mashindano ya UNAF ya walio na umri chini ya miaka 20. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika [[Tunisia]], kuanzia [[tarehe]] 8 hadi [[17 Novemba|Novemba 17]], 2021.<ref>https://www.lescore.dz/2021/10/tournoi-unaf-u20-tirage-au-sort-lalgerie-dans-le-groupe-a/</ref> == Washiriki == * [[Aljeria]] * [[Misri]] * [[Libya]] * [[Mauritania]] * [[Moroko]] * Tunisia == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za michezo]] lcjucw3vgoi2rldcnkrpudu6psr6oi4 0 257298 1615169 2026-11-07T12:05:51Z Lisakamo L 92644 Ukurasa mpya 1615169 wikitext text/x-wiki Jina: '''Arthur Wharton''' Tarehe ya kuzaliwa: 28 [[Oktoba]] [[1865]] Mahali alipozaliwa: [[Jamestown (Ghana)|Jamestown]], Gold Coast (Ghana ya sasa). Tarehe ya kifo: [[13]] [[Desemba]] [[1930]] (akiwa na umri wa miaka 65). Mahali alipofariki: Edlington, Yorkshire, [[Uingereza]]<ref>{{Citation|title=Arthur Wharton|date=2026-10-22|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Wharton&oldid=1381388757|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu]] sfadm3vts7z7ffpfta9oteorsajwmpj 0 257299 1615170 2026-11-07T12:05:52Z Emanuel masaki 82931 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615170 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tapiwa Sylvia Gwaza''' ni [[mwigizaji]] kutoka nchini [[Malawi]] anayejulikana kwa kucheza [[nafasi]] ya [[wakili]] katika [[filamu]] ya Malawi iitwayo ''Seasons of a Life,'' pamoja na kuigiza kama '''Maltrida''' katika filamu ya ''Dear Pen Pal iliyotoka mwaka [[2018]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flora Suya off to USA to premiere her film|url=https://malawi24.com/2016/10/13/flora-suya-off-to-usa-to-premiere-her-film/|work=Malawi24|date=2016-10-13|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-GB|author=Frank Maulidi}}</ref> Katika maisha yake ya kikazi, Tapiwa Sylvia Gwaza aliwahi kufanya kazi katika shirika la [[Ndege (uanahewa)|ndege]] la Air Malawi Ltd. kama mhudumu wa ndani ya ndege (Air Hostess) kwa muda wa miaka 13 kabla ya kuanza kazi ya uigizaji. Baada ya kujiuzulu kutoka katika kazi yake ya Air Malawi, aliamua kujikita katika tasnia ya filamu na kufanikiwa kupata nafasi ya kuigiza katika filamu ya Seasons of a Life, ambayo ilimfungulia njia katika safari yake ya uigizaji.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Malawi movie premier May 28: Flora Suya’s ‘My mother’s story’ {{!}} Nyasa Times|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/new-malawi-movie-premier-may-28-flora-suyas-my-mothers-story/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2016-05-19|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji Filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dkhogscha32idcsr0rdw1spu07rh6hk 1615345 1615170 2026-11-07T16:34:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615345 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tapiwa Sylvia Gwaza''' ni [[mwigizaji]] kutoka nchini [[Malawi]] anayejulikana kwa kucheza [[nafasi]] ya [[wakili]] katika [[filamu]] ya Malawi iitwayo ''Seasons of a Life,'' pamoja na kuigiza kama '''Maltrida''' katika filamu ya ''Dear Pen Pal iliyotoka mwaka [[2018]]''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Flora Suya off to USA to premiere her film|url=https://malawi24.com/2016/10/13/flora-suya-off-to-usa-to-premiere-her-film/|work=Malawi24|date=2016-10-13|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-GB|author=Frank Maulidi}}</ref> Katika maisha yake ya kikazi, Tapiwa Sylvia Gwaza aliwahi kufanya kazi katika shirika la [[Ndege (uanahewa)|ndege]] la Air Malawi Ltd. kama mhudumu wa ndani ya ndege (Air Hostess) kwa muda wa miaka 13 kabla ya kuanza kazi ya uigizaji. Baada ya kujiuzulu kutoka katika kazi yake ya Air Malawi, aliamua kujikita katika tasnia ya filamu na kufanikiwa kupata nafasi ya kuigiza katika filamu ya Seasons of a Life, ambayo ilimfungulia njia katika safari yake ya uigizaji.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New Malawi movie premier May 28: Flora Suya’s ‘My mother’s story’ {{!}} Nyasa Times|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/new-malawi-movie-premier-may-28-flora-suyas-my-mothers-story/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2016-05-19|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji Filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] atr94792n6ful13upbiwerbb84aw8d7 0 257300 1615171 2026-11-07T12:05:56Z CaliBen 33319 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Ifuatayo ni orodha ya vikosi vilivyoshiriki '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 2009'''. Umri wa wachezaji umehesabiwa hadi tarehe 1 Machi 2009. == Guinea == Kocha: Sékou Somparé {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || '''Aboubacar Camara''' || 1 Juni 1993 (umri 15) || Hafia FC (Guinea) |- | 2 || '''Alhassane Keita''' || 16 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || CI Kamsar (Guinea) |...' 1615171 wikitext text/x-wiki Ifuatayo ni orodha ya vikosi vilivyoshiriki '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 2009'''. Umri wa wachezaji umehesabiwa hadi tarehe 1 Machi 2009. == Guinea == Kocha: Sékou Somparé {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || '''Aboubacar Camara''' || 1 Juni 1993 (umri 15) || Hafia FC (Guinea) |- | 2 || '''Alhassane Keita''' || 16 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || CI Kamsar (Guinea) |- | 3 || Ousmane Soumah || 3 Juni 1993 (umri 15) || Etoile de Guinee (Guinea) |- | 4 || Aboubacar Camara || 1 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || ASFAG (Guinea) |- | 5 || Kevin Lamah || 2 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || CI Kamsar (Guinea) |- | 6 || Mohamed Salifou Camara || 18 Oktoba 1993 (umri 15) || Etoile de Guinee (Guinea) |- | 7 || '''Alhassane Bangoura''' || 30 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || Etoile de Guinee (Guinea) |- | 8 || Djibril Diakite || 1 Agosti 1993 (umri 15) || Athlético de Coléah (Guinea) |- | 9 || Ansoumane Bangoura || 4 Mei 1993 (umri 15) || ASFAG (Guinea) |- | 10 || '''Keita Karamokoba''' || 15 Aprili 1994 (umri 14) || Fello Star (Guinea) |- | 11 || '''Ibrahima Sory Camara''' || 5 Mei 1993 (umri 15) || Satellite FC (Guinea) |- | 12 || Moustapha Fella Mara || 1 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || CI Kamsar (Guinea) |- | 13 || Tamba Kamano || 13 Septemba 1993 (umri 15) || Etoile de Guinee (Guinea) |- | 14 || Abdoul Karim Voula || 5 Desemba 1993 (umri 15) || Athlético de Coléah (Guinea) |- | 15 || Conte Vamadouba || 19 Agosti 1993 (umri 15) || — |- | 16 || Fode Camara || 7 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Etoile de Guinee (Guinea) |- | 17 || Almamy Sylla || 26 Februari 1994 (umri 15) || Soumba FC (Guinea) |- | 18 || Alpha Bappa Diallo || 22 Desemba 1992 (umri 16) || CI Kamsar (Guinea) |} == Burkina Faso == Kocha: Roberto Danton (Brazil) {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || '''Germain Sanou''' || 26 Mei 1992 (umri 16) || Centre st etienne de Bobo (Burkina Faso) |- | 2 || Adama Haiki || 2 Oktoba 1992 (umri 16) || Centre St. Etienne de Bobo (Burkina Faso) |- | 3 || '''Allassane Sango''' || 7 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || ASFA Yennenga (Burkina Faso) |- | 4 || '''Rachid Coulibaly''' || 28 Februari 1993 (umri 16) || Centre Naba Kango (Burkina Faso) |- | 5 || Ziem Somda || 30 Novemba 1993 (umri 15) || Étoile Filante (Burkina Faso) |- | 6 || Adama Yabao || 31 Desemba 1992 (umri 16) || AS SONABEL (Burkina Faso) |- | 7 || Fadil Sido || 13 Aprili 1993 (umri 15) || Centre Naba Kango (Burkina Faso) |- | 8 || Ibrahim Barry || 31 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || Étoile Filante (Burkina Faso) |- | 9 || Saidou Boundane || 26 Desemba 1993 (umri 15) || AS SONABEL (Burkina Faso) |- | 10 || '''Pascal Karama''' || 11 Mei 1993 (umri 15) || RC Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) |- | 11 || Victor Nikiema || 23 Septemba 1993 (umri 15) || Centre Naba Kango (Burkina Faso) |- | 12 || Lassane Nikiema || 16 Desemba 1993 (umri 15) || FAC (Burkina Faso) |- | 13 || Wendkouni Sylvain Kabre || 7 Desemba 1992 (umri 16) || Rail Club du Kadiogo (Burkina Faso) |- | 14 || Dalhata Soro || 18 Novemba 1992 (umri 16) || ASFA Yennenga (Burkina Faso) |- | 15 || Ali Bagayan || 20 Juni 1993 (umri 15) || Étoile Filante (Burkina Faso) |- | 16 || Abdoul aziz raoul Konseiga || 10 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || AS SONABEL (Burkina Faso) |- | 17 || Zidane Zoungrana || 14 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || Centre Naba Kango (Burkina Faso) |- | 18 || Jerome Ouiya || 7 Oktoba 1992 (umri 16) || Centre Naba Kango (Burkina Faso) |} == Gambia == Kocha: Tarik Siagy (Misri) {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || '''Musa Camara''' || 2 Novemba 1992 (umri 16) || Gamtel FC (Gambia) |- | 2 || Jammeh Buba Findi || 14 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Interior FC (Gambia) |- | 3 || Dawda Ceesay || 25 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || Hawks FC (Gambia) |- | 4 || '''Lamin Samateh''' || 26 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Steve Biko Football Club (Gambia) |- | 5 || Nyang Pateh || 14 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Seaview FC (Gambia) |- | 6 || '''Baboucarr Savage''' || 7 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Armed Forces FC (Gambia) |- | 7 || '''Saihou Gassama''' || 11 Desemba 1993 (umri 15) || Gambia Ports Authority FC (Gambia) |- | 8 || '''Sainey Sambou''' || 2 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || Africell/St.Matty FC (Gambia) |- | 9 || Seedy Bah || 6 Julai 1992 (umri 16) || Bakau United (Gambia) |- | 10 || Alasana Camara || 12 Desemba 1993 (umri 15) || Steve Biko Football Club (Gambia) |- | 11 || Baldeh Jatta || 4 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || Water Man FC (Gambia) |- | 12 || Kemo Fatty || 14 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Seaview FC (Gambia) |- | 13 || Jobe Matarr || 22 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Real de Banjul (Gambia) |- | 14 || Jatta Abdoulie || 2 Januari 1993 (umri 16) || Steve Biko FC (Gambia) |- | 15 || '''Omar Colley''' || 24 Oktoba 1992 (umri 16) || Wallidan FC (Gambia) |- | 16 || Ebrima Bojang || 2 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Real de Banjul (Gambia) |- | 17 || '''Abdou Njie''' || 26 Septemba 1992 (umri 16) || Gambia Ports Authority FC (Gambia) |- | 18 || Famara Bojang || 6 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Steve Biko Football Club (Gambia) |} == Malawi == Kocha: John Kaputa {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || Cuthbert Seengwa || 19 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || Kawale Sec. Sch. (Malawi) |- | 2 || Lawrence Milanzi || 6 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || Eagle Strikers (Malawi) |- | 3 || Kondwani Lufeyo || 12 Novemba 1992 (umri 16) || Tigers FC (Malawi) |- | 4 || Patience Kalumo || 15 Oktoba 1994 (umri 14) || Dedza sec. Sch. (Malawi) |- | 5 || Vilipo Mhango || 11 Novemba 1993 (umri 15) || Zomba Medicals FC (Malawi) |- | 6 || Peter Mselema || 20 Novemba 1993 (umri 15) || Ngowe Sec. Sch. (Malawi) |- | 7 || Tonny Chitsulo || 13 Agosti 1993 (umri 15) || Silver Strikers (Malawi) |- | 8 || Timothy Nyirenda || 10 Septemba 1993 (umri 15) || Eagle Strikers (Malawi) |- | 9 || Andy Simukonda || 18 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Moyale Barracks (Malawi) |- | 10 || '''Luke Milanzi''' || 4 Desemba 1994 (umri 14) || Eagle Strikers (Malawi) |- | 11 || Kelvin Malikebu || 14 Oktoba 1993 (umri 15) || Pakeeza FC (Malawi) |- | 12 || '''Robin Ngalande''' || 2 Novemba 1992 (umri 16) || Civo United (Malawi) |- | 13 || '''Innocent Jere''' || 6 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || MTL Wanderers (Malawi) |- | 14 || '''Limbikani Mzava''' || 12 Novemba 1993 (umri 15) || Tigers FC (Malawi) |- | 15 || Takondwa Issa || 7 Julai 1993 (umri 15) || Kamuzu Barracks (Malawi) |- | 16 || Victor Nangwale || 12 Oktoba 1993 (umri 15) || Thyolo Medicals FC (Malawi) |- | 17 || Mike Kaziputa || 9 Oktoba 1993 (umri 15) || Blackpool FC (Malawi) |- | 18 || Akimu Phiri || 13 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Blackpool FC (Malawi) |} == Algeria == Kocha: Otmane Ibrir<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/news-4159/ "EN -17 ans : La sélection pour la CAN"]. DZFoot. 3 Machi 2009 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20090515000000/http://www.dzfoot.com/news-4159/ nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 15 Mei 2009).</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || Abdennour Merzouki || 15 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 2 || Ahmed Cheheima || 8 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 3 || Mustapha Anis Bouteldja || 10 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 4 || Mohammed Ilyas Cherchar || 18 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 5 || Ibrahim Bekakchi || 10 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 6 || Houssem Eddine Ferkous || 31 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 7 || Abdelghani Boughoula || 27 Septemba 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 8 || Djelloul Djouba || 2 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 9 || Walid Athmani || 18 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 10 || Abdelhakim Bezzaz || 20 Oktoba 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 11 || Nadir Bendahmane || 9 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || AS Cannes (Ufaransa) |- | 12 || Mohamed Benyahia || 30 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Nîmes Olympique (Ufaransa) |- | 13 || Aghiles Toulait || 7 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 14 || Abderrahmane Belkadi || 6 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 15 || Nabil Aït Fergane || 9 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 16 || Nacer Eddine Zaabat || 19 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 17 || Mohamed Nadir Ziane || 27 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |- | 18 || Youcef Khelifi || 4 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || AC FAF 1 (Algeria) |} == Kamerun == Kocha: Christian Anatole Abée {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || Thierry Tangouatio || 4 Mei 1992 (umri 16) || Cercle Yaoundé (Kamerun) |- | 2 || Rodrigue Wamou Tchoutho || 16 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || Estuaire Douala (Kamerun) |- | 3 || Thierry Onana || 26 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || AS Fortuna Yaoundé (Kamerun) |- | 4 || Calvin Mangan || 23 Septemba 1992 (umri 16) || Authentic FC Douala (Kamerun) |- | 5 || Charlie Took || 25 Mei 1993 (umri 15) || Bandja FC (Kamerun) |- | 6 || Jushua Mbuluba Ndoh || 15 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || Best Stars Limbe (Kamerun) |- | 7 || Marc Cresus Ngaleba Ndongo || 19 Desemba 1992 (umri 16) || FC Inter Lion (Kamerun) |- | 8 || Armand Ken Ella || 23 Februari 1993 (umri 16) || FC Barcelona (Hispania) |- | 9 || '''Vincent Aboubakar''' || 22 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || Coton Sport FC (Kamerun) |- | 10 || Fabrice Kerdy || 11 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || Tonnerre Yaoundé (Kamerun) |- | 11 || Lionel Otto Essono || 2 Agosti 1992 (umri 16) || FC Inter Lion (Kamerun) |- | 12 || '''Kombi Mandjang''' || 1 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Astres FC (Kamerun) |- | 13 || Thierry Tchuente || 27 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Astres FC (Kamerun) |- | 14 || Clyde Armel Roger Essomba || 8 Februari 1993 (umri 16) || Fundesports Douala (Kamerun) |- | 15 || Gabriel Junior Etémé || 21 Novemba 1992 (umri 16) || Union Sportive Douala (Kamerun) |- | 16 || '''Jean Efala''' || 11 Agosti 1992 (umri 16) || Pelican Yaoundé (Kamerun) |- | 17 || Gaël Etock || 5 Julai 1993 (umri 15) || FC Barcelona (Hispania) |- | 18 || Jackson Bengon A. Bengon || 9 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Student Academy (Kamerun) |} == Niger == Kocha: Frederic Acosta {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || '''Boubacar Alexis Yaou''' || 23 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || AS Police (Niger) |- | 2 || Yahaya Issaka || 21 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || Akokana FC (Niger) |- | 3 || Sani Bawa Mahamane || 6 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Sahel SC (Niger) |- | 4 || Alfa Djibo Souley || 20 Oktoba 1992 (umri 16) || AS-FNIS (Niger) |- | 5 || '''Abdou Moumouni Boua''' || 13 Novemba 1992 (umri 16) || ASFAN (Niger) |- | 6 || Mounkaila Parfait Gameley || 22 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || Sahel SC (Niger) |- | 7 || Bello Chaibou || 28 Oktoba 1992 (umri 16) || AS-FNIS (Niger) |- | 8 || Mahamadou Boureima. O. || 30 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || ASN Nigelec (Niger) |- | 9 || Abdoulaye Ousmane || 20 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || AS Police (Niger) |- | 10 || '''Issa Modibo Sidibé''' || 3 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Akokana FC (Niger) |- | 11 || '''Boubacar Talatou'''<ref group="kumbuka">Mchezaji huyu kwa kweli alikuwa na umri wa miaka 22. Jambo hili lilipogunduliwa, matokeo ya Niger yaliondolewa kwenye mashindano.</ref> || 2 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || AS-FNIS (Niger) |- | 12 || '''Amadou Hassane''' || 20 Septemba 1993 (umri 15) || AS Police (Niger) |- | 13 || '''Amadou Moutari''' || 19 Januari 1994 (umri 15) || Aïr Football Académie Arlit (Niger) |- | 14 || '''Mohamed Bachar''' || 11 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Akokana FC (Niger) |- | 15 || Hassane Aliou || 6 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || Sahel SC (Niger) |- | 16 || '''Moussa Alzouma''' || 11 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Sahel SC (Niger) |- | 17 || Ide Abdoulaziz || 20 Januari 1992 (umri 17) || Olympic FC (Niger) |- | 18 || '''Inoussa Hassane Djibó''' || 6 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Olympic FC (Niger) |} == Zimbabwe == Kocha: Rodwell Dhlakama<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/200903160165.html "Zimbabwe: Under-17 Squad for Algeria Named"]. AllAfrica.com. 14 Machi 2009. Ilitazamwa tarehe 21 Mei 2020.</ref> |publisher=AllAfrica.com|date=March 14, 2009|accessdate=May 21, 2020}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" ! Na. !! Mchezaji !! Tarehe ya kuzaliwa (umri) !! Klabu |- | 1 || Kennedy Namion Chirwa || 27 Agosti 1992 (umri 16) || Hunter FC (Zimbabwe) |- | 2 || Proud Zireni || 9 Desemba 1992 (umri 16) || Mzilikazi High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 3 || Edwin Nkomo || 9 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Bantu Rovers (Zimbabwe) |- | 4 || Tinashe Mugadzaweta || 21 Februari 1993 (umri 16) || Mufakose High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 5 || Pride Zivengwa || 5 Aprili 1992 (umri 16) || Chapungu United F.C. (Zimbabwe) |- | 6 || Tinovimba Muskwe || 1 Januari 1994 (umri 15) || Prince Edward High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 7 || Kevin Moyo || 3 Aprili 1993 (umri 15) || Mzilikazi High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 8 || Welcome Nyathi || 8 Mei 1992 (umri 16) || Sparrows FC (Zimbabwe) |- | 9 || Malvern Burombo || 19 Mei 1992 (umri 16) || Prince Edward High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 10 || Temptation Chiwunga || 10 Machi 1992 (umri 16) || Douglas Warriors FC (Zimbabwe) |- | 11 || '''Talent Chawapiwa''' || 3 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Prince Edward High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 12 || Takunda Sadiki || 2 Februari 1992 (umri 17) || Prince Edward High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 13 || Elijah Soko || 7 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || St Georges High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 14 || Nigel Gandari || 3 Juni 1992 (umri 16) || Prince Edward High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 15 || Brassington Muchegwa || 5 Julai 1993 (umri 15) || Gateway High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 16 || Russel Chiripamberi || 11 Septemba 1992 (umri 16) || Gateway High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 17 || Ray Lunga || 28 Februari 1993 (umri 16) || Mzilikazi High School (Zimbabwe) |- | 18 || Elvis Moyo || 3 Aprili 1993 (umri 15) || Mzilikazi High School (Zimbabwe) |} == Maelezo == <references group="kumbuka" /> == Marejeo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090322031049/http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-17_2009/news/2441-algeria-2009-squad-list.html Orodha rasmi za vikosi] kwenye tovuti ya [[Shirikisho la Soka Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] 9y384qoxtwuw6euxt2nhxcehtj76x8w 0 257301 1615172 2026-11-07T12:07:07Z Ramadhani kamala 82903 chapisha ukurasa mpya 1615172 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya COSAFA U-20 ya Mwaka 2025''' yalikuwa toleo la 30 la Mashindano ya Vijana ya COSAFA U-20, mashindano ya kimataifa ya vijana ya mpira wa miguu, yaliyoandaliwa na COSAFA kwa ajili ya timu za [[taifa]] za [[Mwanaume|wanaume]] za chini ya umri wa miaka 20 kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] mwa Jangwa la Sahara. Mashindano hayo pia yalikuwa sehemu ya michuano ya mpira wa miguu kwa wanaume katika Michezo ya Vijana ya AUSC Kanda ya 5, [[Namibia]] 2025. Yalifanyika katika jiji la [[Windhoek|Windhoek,]] kuanzia tarehe 4 hadi [[13 Julai]] [[2025]]. Jumla ya timu nane zilishiriki katika mashindano hayo, huku wachezaji waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari 2005 au baada ya tarehe hiyo wakiruhusiwa kushiriki.<ref>https://neweralive.na/namibia-in-gear-to-host-region-5-games/#google_vignette</ref><ref>https://cosafa.com/south-africa-to-defend-regional-u20-crown-in-windhoek/</ref><ref>https://cosafa.com/south-africa-to-defend-regional-u20-crown-in-windhoek/</ref><ref>https://superschoolsnews.co.za/amajitas-10th-cosafa-title-is-a-game-changer-for-youth-football/</ref> Timu ya taifa ya Afrika Kusini ya chini ya miaka 20 ilikuwa bingwa mtetezi, baada ya kutwaa ubingwa wake wa [[tisa]] katika toleo la mwaka uliotangulia. Afrika Kusini ilifanikiwa kutetea taji lake, huku ikimaliza mashindano hayo bila kupoteza mchezo wowote. == Ushiriki == Takwimu zote za idadi ya mara za kushiriki zimehesabiwa kuanzia toleo la mwaka [[1999]], kwa kuwa taarifa kuhusu matoleo ya miaka ya awali hazipatikani kwa ukamilifu. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Timu !Idadi ya mara za kushiriki !Ushiriki wa mwisho !Mafanikio bora katika mashindano yaliyopita |- |{{flag|Angola}} [[Angola national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Angola ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="5">[5]</ref> |Mara ya 21 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |Washindi wa pili (2000, 2001, 2002) |- |{{flag|Botswana}} [[Botswana national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Botswana ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="6">[6]</ref> |Mara ya 21 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |Nafasi ya tatu ([[2009 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2009]], [[2013 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2013]]) |- |{{flag|Eswatini}} [[Eswatini national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Eswatini ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="7">[7]</ref> |Mara ya 22 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |Nafasi ya tatu (1985, 1986, 1988, 1990) |- |{{flag|Malawi}} [[Malawi national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Malawi ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="8">[8]</ref> |Mara ya 19 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |Washindi wa pili (2003) |- |{{flag|Namibia}} [[Namibia national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Namibia ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="9">[9]</ref> |Mara ya 19 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |Washindi wa pili ([[2010 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2010]], [[2020 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2020]]) |- |{{flag|South Africa}} [[South Africa national under-20 soccer team|Timu ya Taifa ya Afrika Kusini ya chini ya miaka 20]] |Mara ya 22 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |'''Mabingwa''' (2000, 2004, 2006, 2008, [[2009 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2009]], [[2013 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2013]], [[2017 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2017]], [[2018 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2018]], [[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]]) |- |{{flag|Zambia}} [[Zambia national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Zambia ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="10">[10]</ref> |Mara ya 22 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |'''Mabingwa''' (1983, 1986, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2003, [[2010 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2010]], [[2011 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2011]], [[2016 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2016]], [[2019 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2019]], [[2022 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2022]]) |- |{{flag|Zimbabwe}} [[Zimbabwe national under-20 football team|Timu ya Taifa ya Zimbabwe ya chini ya miaka 20]] <ref name="11">[11]</ref> |Mara ya 20 |[[2024 COSAFA U-20 Cup|2024]] |'''Mabingwa''' (1985, 1988, 1990, 2001, 2002, 2007) |} Nchi Ambazo Hazikushiriki {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;" !Nchi |- |{{flag|Comoros}} |- |{{flag|Lesotho}} |- |{{flag|Madagascar}} |- |{{flag|Mauritius}} |- |{{flag|Mozambique}} |- |{{flag|Seychelles}} |} == Droo == Droo la mwisho la mashindano lilifanyika tarehe 27 Aprili 2025. Droo hilo lilizalisha makundi yafuatayo: === Dro na Mgawanyo wa Makundi === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;" ! colspan="2" |[[2025 COSAFA U-20 Championship#Group A|Kundi A]] ! colspan="2" |[[2025 COSAFA U-20 Championship#Group B|Kundi B]] |- !Nafasi !Timu !Nafasi !Timu |- |A1 |{{flag|Namibia}} |B1 |{{flag|South Africa}} |- |A2 |{{flag|Angola}} |B2 |{{flag|Zambia}} |- |A3 |{{flag|Malawi}} |B3 |{{flag|Eswatini}} |- |A4 |{{flag|Zimbabwe}} |B4 |{{flag|Botswana}} |} == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wanaume]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] onxu4jjecqr0v3wom5jnx0nes61koz4 0 257302 1615173 2026-11-07T12:07:10Z Zubeda03 83744 Anzisha Makala 1615173 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF U-17 kwa Wasichana ya mwaka 2026''' yalikuwa toleo la pili la [[mashindano]] ya kimataifa ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] kwa [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] chini ya miaka 17.<ref>https://www.footballant.com/football-data/league/2857</ref> Mashindano haya hushirikisha [[timu]] za [[taifa]] za [[Ujana|vijana]] wa kike kutoka nchi wanachama wa [[Umoja]] wa ''vyama vya Soka Afrika Kaskazini (UNAF)'' . Toleo hilo lilifanyika nchini [[Tunisia]], kuanzia tarehe [[18]] hadi [[22 Julai]] 2026.<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U17-Womens-Tournament/2026</ref> [[Moroko]], ambayo ilikuwa [[bingwa]] [[Mtetezi wa ardhi|mtetezi]], ilifanikiwa kutwaa ubingwa kwa mara ya pili.<ref>https://frmf.ma/fr/articles/tournoi-feminin-u17-de-lunaf-le-maroc-remporte-le-titre</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya Afrika Kaskazini]] 90pd7jzygs5j9c1bk74447oadndgrv6 1615174 1615173 2026-11-07T12:07:49Z Zubeda03 83744 Maboresho 1615174 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF U-17 kwa Wasichana ya mwaka 2026''' yalikuwa toleo la pili la [[mashindano]] ya kimataifa ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] kwa [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] chini ya miaka 17.<ref>https://www.footballant.com/football-data/league/2857</ref> Mashindano haya hushirikisha [[timu]] za [[taifa]] za [[Ujana|vijana]] wa kike kutoka nchi wanachama wa [[Umoja]] wa ''vyama vya Soka Afrika Kaskazini (UNAF)'' . Toleo hilo lilifanyika nchini [[Tunisia]], kuanzia tarehe [[18]] hadi [[22 Julai]] 2026.<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U17-Womens-Tournament/2026</ref> [[Moroko]], ambayo ilikuwa [[bingwa]] [[Mtetezi wa ardhi|mtetezi]], ilifanikiwa kutwaa ubingwa kwa mara ya pili.<ref>https://frmf.ma/fr/articles/tournoi-feminin-u17-de-lunaf-le-maroc-remporte-le-titre</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya Afrika Kaskazini]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} pa9gk68qktxmki8bxbs32o6flpi350q 0 257303 1615176 2026-11-07T12:08:32Z Grace Daudi 93413 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Archelaus''' aliishi katika karne ya kwanza KK, alifariki Januari au Februari mwaka [[55 KK]] alikuwa Kuhani Mkuu wa jimbo la hekalu la Comana, lililoko Kapadokia. Baadaye alikuja kuwa mume wa kifalme wa Misri, baada ya kumuoa Farao Berenice IV kama mume wake wa pili.[https://www.google.com/search?q=Referred+to+as+%22king%22+(basileus%2F%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82)+in%3A+Strabo%2C+Geography%2C&oq=Referred+to+as+%22king%22+(basileus%...' 1615176 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Archelaus''' aliishi katika karne ya kwanza KK, alifariki Januari au Februari mwaka [[55 KK]] alikuwa Kuhani Mkuu wa jimbo la hekalu la Comana, lililoko Kapadokia. Baadaye alikuja kuwa mume wa kifalme wa Misri, baada ya kumuoa Farao Berenice IV kama mume wake wa pili.[https://www.google.com/search?q=Referred+to+as+%22king%22+(basileus%2F%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82)+in%3A+Strabo%2C+Geography%2C&oq=Referred+to+as+%22king%22+(basileus%2F%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82)+in%3A+Strabo%2C+Geography%2C&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDE5MzVqMGo3qAIIsAIB&sourceid=chrome&source=chrome.ob&ie=UTF-8]<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=Referred+to+as+%22king%22+(basileus%2F%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82)+in%3A+Strabo%2C+Geography%2C&oq=Referred+to+as+%22king%22+(basileus%2F%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82)+in%3A+Strabo%2C+Geography%2C&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDE5MzVqMGo3qAIIsAIB&sourceid=chrome&source=chrome.ob&ie=UTF-8</ref> == Asili ya Familia == Archelaus alikuwa mtu wa tabaka la juu la jamii ya Kigiriki kutoka Kapadokia, na inawezekana alikuwa na asili ya [[Makedonia Kaskazini|Makedonia.]] Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza wa afisa mwandamizi wa kijeshi wa Ponto, aliyeitwa pia Archelaus, ambaye alishiriki katika Vita vya Mithridatic.[https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=UKpWm2cXNmwC&q=Archelaus&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Archelaus&f=false]<ref>https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=UKpWm2cXNmwC&q=Archelaus&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Archelaus&f=false</ref> Ndugu yake alikuwa mwanajeshi wa Ponto aliyeitwa Diogenes, ambaye alihudumu katika jeshi la Mfalme Mithridates VI wa Ponto. Mjomba wake kwa upande wa baba alikuwa Jenerali mashuhuri wa Ponto, [[Neoptolemo|Neoptolemus]]. Familia ya Archelaus ilikuwa na ushawishi na ilishiriki kikamilifu katika shughuli za utawala wa kifalme wa Ponto.[https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=nRKDGwn_CRkC&q=Diogenes&redir_esc=y]<ref>https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=nRKDGwn_CRkC&q=Diogenes&redir_esc=y</ref> == Kazi == Archelaus alikua kuhani wa Bellona, mungu wa kike wa Kirumi wa vita. Cheo cha ukuhani wa mungu huyo huko Comana kilimpa mtu aliyeshikilia nafasi hiyo mamlaka ya kifalme juu ya eneo hilo na maeneo ya jirani yaliyokuwa chini ya usimamizi wake.[https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=nRKDGwn_CRkC&q=Diogenes&redir_esc=y]<ref>https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=nRKDGwn_CRkC&q=Diogenes&redir_esc=y</ref> == Ndoa ya Pili == Katika majira ya kiangazi ya mwaka [[56 KK|56 KK,]] Archelaus alisafiri kwenda [[Alexandria Villaseñor|Alexandria]], nchini Misri, ili kumuomba Berenice IV amuoe. Alidai kuwa alikuwa mwana wa Mithridates VI.Archelaus alimpa Berenice IV zawadi binafsi na kumwonyesha uwezo wake wa kijeshi ili kumshawishi akubali ombi lake la ndoa. Baada ya muda, Archelaus na Berenice IV walioana. Hiyo ilikuwa ndoa ya pili kwa wote wawili.[https://web.archive.org/web/20121012091837/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0272.html]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121012091837/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0272.html</ref> == Vita na Kifo == Seneti ya Roma haikumruhusu Archelaus kushiriki katika Vita vya Waparthia. Inawezekana Archelaus alimwacha Gabinius kwa siri, au Gabinius alishawishiwa kwa rushwa ili amsaidie Archelaus kufanikisha ombi lake la kumuoa Berenice IV. Wakati huohuo, Gabinius pia alipokea rushwa kutoka kwa baba yake Berenice IV, Ptolemy XII Auletes, ili amsaidie kurejeshwa kwenye kiti cha ufalme wa Misri.Katika mapigano hayo, Archelaus alifariki. Berenice IV pamoja na binti yake kutoka katika ndoa yake ya kwanza waliuawa.[https://web.archive.org/web/20121012091837/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0272.html]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121012091837/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0272.html</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 555]] aukayy3s9n2jc9y2vov9r3yc5q5wpzp 0 257304 1615178 2026-11-07T12:09:15Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615178 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amir Haj Massaoud''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: أمير الحاج مسعود; alizaliwa [[8 Februari]] [[1981]]) ni [[Mchezaji mpira|mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa [[timu ya taifa]] ya soka ya Tunisia iliyoshiriki [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[2004]]. Timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya kwanza baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C, nyuma ya [[Argentina]], iliyokuwa mshindi wa kundi na medali ya dhahabu, na [[Australia]] iliyoshika nafasi ya pili. Pia alichaguliwa kuichezea Tunisia katika Kombe la Mabara la [[FIFA]] la mwaka [[2005]], lakini hakushiriki katika mechi yoyote. Mwezi [[Desemba]] [[2007]], Messaoud alivunjika mifupa miwili ya mguu baada ya kufanyiwa rafu kali wakati wa mechi ya [[Ligi Kuu]] ya Soka ya Tunisia.<ref>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/11744/Amir_Hadj_Messaoud.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160305120730/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=212414/index.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} t9olf1zjqboh0lrj6mgekmifziban49 0 257305 1615179 2026-11-07T12:10:17Z Ester Gasper Kimario 70787 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thabo Makhele''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[17 Desemba]] [[1994]]) ni mchezaji wa soka anayecheza nafasi ya beki katika klabu ya ''Chippa United'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. Alizaliwa nchini Afrika Kusini na aliwahi kuiwakilisha nchi hiyo katika timu za vijana kabla ya kuchagua kuichezea [[Lesotho]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/sanews/premiership/south-africa-u-23-coach-da-gama-plotting-for-rio-2016-olympic-qualifiers-201...' 1615179 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thabo Makhele''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[17 Desemba]] [[1994]]) ni mchezaji wa soka anayecheza nafasi ya beki katika klabu ya ''Chippa United'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. Alizaliwa nchini Afrika Kusini na aliwahi kuiwakilisha nchi hiyo katika timu za vijana kabla ya kuchagua kuichezea [[Lesotho]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/sanews/premiership/south-africa-u-23-coach-da-gama-plotting-for-rio-2016-olympic-qualifiers-20150607|title=South Africa U-23 coach Da Gama plotting for Rio 2016 Olympic qualifiers|date=7 June 2015|publisher=Kick Off|access-date=17 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.snl24.com/soccerladuma/local/sa-u23-defenders-fractures-ankle-20160328|title=SA U23 Defenders Fractures Ankle|date=28 March 2016|publisher=Soccer Laduma|access-date=17 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.snl24.com/soccerladuma/local/thabo-makhele-suffered-a-horrendous-injury-for-south-africas-u23s-20160330|title=Thabo Makhele Suffered A Horrendous Injury For South Africa's U23s|date=30 March 2016|publisher=Soccer Laduma|access-date=17 March 2025}}</ref> == Maisha na Historia ya Uchezaji == Makhele alizaliwa katika eneo la Hobhouse, nchini Afrika Kusini. Mwaka [[2015]], alichaguliwa kujiunga na timu ya taifa ya vijana ya Afrika Kusini chini ya umri wa miaka 23 (U23), iliyokuwa ikijiandaa kwa ajili ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[2016]]. Mwezi [[Machi]] 2016, akiwa bado anaichezea timu ya Afrika Kusini U23, alipata jeraha baya wakati wa mechi dhidi ya [[Brazil]] U23. Mguu wake wa kushoto ulibaki umekwama ardhini, hali iliyosababisha sehemu ya chini ya mguu wake kujipinda vibaya. Alilazimika kupelekwa hospitalini kwa gari la wagonjwa. Baadaye ilibainika kuwa alikuwa amevunjika mfupa wa fibula uliopo sehemu ya chini ya mguu. Katika majira ya joto ya mwaka 2016, Makhele alikosa kushiriki Michezo ya Olimpiki kutokana na jeraha hilo. Hata hivyo, alikuwa akitafuta nafasi ya kucheza katika ligi ya juu zaidi ya Afrika Kusini. Alisajiliwa na klabu ya ''SuperSport United'' akitokea ''Witbank Spurs''. Hata hivyo, hakupata nafasi ya kucheza katika kikosi cha SuperSport United na mwezi [[Januari]] [[2017]] alipelekwa kwa mkopo katika klabu ya ''Stellenbosch''. Baadaye, katika msimu wa 2017/[[2018]], alirejea kwa mkopo katika klabu ya Witbank Spurs. Mwaka 2018, kulikuwa na taarifa kwamba angejiunga na klabu ya ''Free State Stars'', lakini badala yake aliendelea kucheza katika ligi daraja la pili. Mwezi [[Januari]] [[2023]], siku ya mwisho ya dirisha la usajili la majira ya baridi, alisajiliwa na klabu ya ''Chippa United'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Afrika Kusini, akitokea All Stars. Baada ya miaka kumi akicheza katika Ligi ya Daraja la Kwanza ya Afrika Kusini, hatimaye alipata nafasi ya kucheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika ligi kuu ya nchi hiyo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] 0na97fauo1tl9d4tkrn2pd0pn3hqvxr 0 257306 1615181 2026-11-07T12:11:11Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Ukurasa ulianzishwa 1615181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|kazi yake=Mtaaluma, Msomi wa Masuala ya Jamii Mwanaharakati|mwajiri=Chuo Kikuu cha Glasgow|anajulikana kwa ajili ya=Uchechemuzi wa uhuru wa vyombo vya habari; mkurugenzi wa zamani wa Taasisi ya Uhuru wa Kujieleza|cheo=Profesa wa Jamii ya Kidijitali|tuzo=British Academy Global Professorship}} '''Jane Duncan''' ni mwanataaluma, msomi wa masuala ya [[jamii]] (public intellectual), na [[mwanaharakati]]. Kwa sasa, yeye ni Profesa wa Jamii ya Kidijitali (Professor of Digital Society) katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Glasgow]] nchini [[Uskoti]], ambako anashikilia nafasi ya British Academy Global Professorship. Anafanya [[kazi]] katika masuala ya uhuru wa [[vyombo vya habari]] na ni [[mkurugenzi]] wa zamani wa Taasisi ya Uhuru wa Kujieleza (Freedom of Expression Institute) iliyopo [[Johannesburg]]. <ref>https://sacsis.org.za/s/stories.php?iUser=48</ref><ref>https://giswatch.org/user/1210</ref><ref>https://pure.uj.ac.za/en/persons/jane-duncan/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wasomi]] c7hyafh4msmmkxwl868279o99lsgb5l 1615182 1615181 2026-11-07T12:11:53Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Maboresho 1615182 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|kazi yake=Mtaaluma, Msomi wa Masuala ya Jamii Mwanaharakati|mwajiri=Chuo Kikuu cha Glasgow|anajulikana kwa ajili ya=Uchechemuzi wa uhuru wa vyombo vya habari; mkurugenzi wa zamani wa Taasisi ya Uhuru wa Kujieleza|cheo=Profesa wa Jamii ya Kidijitali|tuzo=British Academy Global Professorship}} '''Jane Duncan''' ni mwanataaluma, msomi wa masuala ya [[jamii]] (public intellectual), na [[mwanaharakati]]. Kwa sasa, yeye ni Profesa wa Jamii ya Kidijitali (Professor of Digital Society) katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Glasgow]] nchini [[Uskoti]], ambako anashikilia nafasi ya British Academy Global Professorship. Anafanya [[kazi]] katika masuala ya uhuru wa [[vyombo vya habari]] na ni [[mkurugenzi]] wa zamani wa Taasisi ya Uhuru wa Kujieleza (Freedom of Expression Institute) iliyopo [[Johannesburg]]. <ref>https://sacsis.org.za/s/stories.php?iUser=48</ref><ref>https://giswatch.org/user/1210</ref><ref>https://pure.uj.ac.za/en/persons/jane-duncan/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wasomi]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} se5ylz8crf7e1vyww50atl7nh9en06o 0 257307 1615183 2026-11-07T12:15:25Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:Abedi Pele 2007.jpg|thumb|Abedi pele, 2007]] '''Abedi Ayew ('''aliyezaliwa tarehe 5 Novemba [[1964]]), anayejulikana kitaaluma kwa jina la Abedi Pele, ni raia wa Ghana na aliyekuwa mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa. Alicheza nafasi ya kiungo mshambuliaji na aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya [[Ghana]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Abedi Ayew Pelé {{!}} Biography, Career & Football Teams {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abedi-Ayew-...' 1615183 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Abedi Pele 2007.jpg|thumb|Abedi pele, 2007]] '''Abedi Ayew ('''aliyezaliwa tarehe 5 Novemba [[1964]]), anayejulikana kitaaluma kwa jina la Abedi Pele, ni raia wa Ghana na aliyekuwa mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa. Alicheza nafasi ya kiungo mshambuliaji na aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya [[Ghana]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Abedi Ayew Pelé {{!}} Biography, Career & Football Teams {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abedi-Ayew-Pele|work=www.britannica.com|date=2026-11-01|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Abedi Ayew Pelé {{!}} Biography, Career & Football Teams {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abedi-Ayew-Pele|work=www.britannica.com|date=2026-11-01|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wanaume]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nm4vuvoq6wgpuh1m47t32dyr25rockt 0 257308 1615184 2026-11-07T12:16:31Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615184 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:SamiMerdassiBrandissantCoupe2009.JPG|thumb|Issam Merdassi]] '''Issam Merdassi''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: عصام المرداسي; alizaliwa [[16 Machi]] [[1981]]) ni [[Mchezaji mpira|mchezaji]] wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]]. Merdassi aliichezea klabu ya ''CS Sfaxien'' hadi mwaka [[2006]], kisha akatolewa kwa mkopo kwenda katika klabu ya ''Al-Nassr'' ya [[Saudi Arabia]]. Baadaye alirejea ''CS Sfaxien'' na kucheza kwa msimu mmoja wa [[2008]]–[[2009]]. Hatimaye, katika majira ya joto ya mwaka [[2009]], alihamishiwa katika klabu ya [[BSC Young Boys]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa [[timu ya taifa]] ya soka ya Tunisia iliyoshiriki [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[2004]]. Timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya kwanza baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C, nyuma ya [[Argentina]], iliyokuwa mshindi wa kundi na medali ya dhahabu, na [[Australia]] iliyoshika nafasi ya pili. Baada ya kuifundisha klabu ya ''Sfax Railways Sports'', aliteuliwa kuwa kocha mkuu wa ''AS Rejiche'' mwaka [[2021]].<ref>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12972/Issam_Merdassi.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121021125420/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/me/issam-merdassi-1.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} bmd0188hxx9mtjmfxy8bync2h09kwie 0 257309 1615187 2026-11-07T12:19:22Z Lisakamo L 92644 Ukurasa mpya 1615187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bruce David Grobbelaar ('''alizaliwa [[oktoba]] [[6]], [[1957]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa soka wa [[Zimbabwe]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mlinda mlango. Alifahamika zaidi kwa kuchezea klabu ya Liverpool ya nchini [[Uingereza]] kuanzia mwaka [[1981]] hadi [[1994]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Zimbabwe.<ref>{{Citation|title=Bruce Grobbelaar|date=2026-10-22|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Grobbelaar&oldid=1381389802|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu]] ri7n74yyf4mhz29jvce4tuaehe0thz3 0 257310 1615188 2026-11-07T12:19:56Z Dickson manumbu mapambano 73990 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:Tunisian first lady Leila Ben Ali (close-up).jpg|thumb|Leila Ben Ali]] '''Leïla Ben Ali''' ; jina lake la kuzaliwa likiwa '''Trabelsi''' alizaliwa tarehe '''14 au 24 Oktoba 1956''') ni mjane wa rais wa zamani wa '''Tunisia''', '''Zine El Abidine Ben''' '''Ali'''. Alihudumu kama Mke wa Rais wa Tunisia kuanzia mwaka '''1992''', alipofunga ndoa na Ben Ali, hadi mwaka '''2011''', wakati utawala wa mumewe ulipopinduliwa kufuatia Mapinduzi ya Tunisia.<...' 1615188 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Tunisian first lady Leila Ben Ali (close-up).jpg|thumb|Leila Ben Ali]] '''Leïla Ben Ali''' ; jina lake la kuzaliwa likiwa '''Trabelsi''' alizaliwa tarehe '''14 au 24 Oktoba 1956''') ni mjane wa rais wa zamani wa '''Tunisia''', '''Zine El Abidine Ben''' '''Ali'''. Alihudumu kama Mke wa Rais wa Tunisia kuanzia mwaka '''1992''', alipofunga ndoa na Ben Ali, hadi mwaka '''2011''', wakati utawala wa mumewe ulipopinduliwa kufuatia Mapinduzi ya Tunisia.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%AFla%5FBen%5FAli#/media/File:Tunisian_first_lady_Leila_Ben_Ali_(close-up).jpg</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Familia == Leïla Trabelsi ni binti wa '''Mohamed na Saïda Trabelsi.''' Ana ndugu kumi wa kiume na wa kike. Kitabu kilichochapishwa mwaka '''2009''' na waandishi wa habari wa Ufaransa, '''Nicholas Beau na Catherine Graciet''', kilichoelezwa kuwa na maelezo makali na ya kina, kilifuatilia safari ya maisha yake kutoka kuwa binti wa muuzaji wa matunda yaliyokaushwa hadi kufikia nafasi ya Mke wa Rais wa Tunisia.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190218145813/http://www.aslc.org.tn/</ref><ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/tunisia/8586240/Leila-Ben-Ali-rose-from-hairdresser-to-first-lady.html</ref> == Shughuli za Kihisani na Kutoa Msaada kwa Jamii == Leïla Ben Ali alijihusisha na shughuli za kutoa misaada ya kibinadamu na kusaidia jamii wakati alipokuwa Mke wa Rais wa Tunisia. Mwaka 2000, alianzisha Shirika la BASMA kwa lengo la kuwasaidia watu wenye ulemavu kupata ajira. Tangu kuanzishwa kwa shirika hilo, amekuwa akihudumu kama mwenyekiti wake.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C3%AFla%5FBen%5FAli#/media/File:Tunisian_first_lady_Leila_Ben_Ali_(close-up).jpg</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu kufuatana na dini]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Walioathiriwa na uzeruzeru]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu wa Nigeria]] chvqlekxpdusbbda0wiev2gfoq5mvba 0 257311 1615189 2026-11-07T12:22:03Z ANTONY ILDEFONS 74003 Makala mpya 1615189 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gautseshen''' (jina lake linamaanisha “shada la maua ya yungiyungi”) alikuwa [[kuhani]] [[mwanamke]] katika Misri ya Kale. Pia alikuwa mwimbaji wa mungu Montu, ambaye alikuwa mungu wa vita katika dini ya [[Misri]] ya Kale.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gautseshen A|url=https://ancientegypt.fandom.com/wiki/Gautseshen_A|work=Ancient Egypt Wiki|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Gautseshen A|url=https://ancientegypt.fandom.com/wiki/Gautseshen_A|work=Ancient Egypt Wiki|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Maelezo == [[Baba]] yake Gautseshen alikuwa (Menkheperre), aliyekuwa [[Kuhani]] [[Mkuu wa dola|Mkuu]] wa mungu Amun (High Priest of Amun). Mama yake alikuwa Princess Isetemkheb, [[binti]] wa [[Farao]] Psusennes I, aliyekuwa mtawala wa [[Misri]] ya Kale. [[Ndugu]] zake wawili wa kiume, Pinedjem II na Smendes II, walikuja kuwa Makuhani Wakuu wa [[mungu]] Amun. Gautseshen aliolewa na Tjanefer, ambaye mwanzoni alikuwa [[Nabii]] wa Nne wa [[mungu]] Amun (Fourth Prophet of Amun), na baadaye akapandishwa cheo na kuwa [[Nabii]] wa Tatu wa mungu Amun (Third Prophet of Amun).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gautseshen A|url=https://ancientegypt.fandom.com/wiki/Gautseshen_A|work=Ancient Egypt Wiki|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Misri ya Kale]] hejpr2e4g9z38ykg86761vkl8vielx8 1615257 1615189 2026-11-07T13:17:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gautseshen''' (jina lake linamaanisha “shada la maua ya yungiyungi”) alikuwa [[kuhani]] [[mwanamke]] katika Misri ya Kale. Pia alikuwa mwimbaji wa mungu Montu, ambaye alikuwa mungu wa vita katika dini ya [[Misri]] ya Kale.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gautseshen A|url=https://ancientegypt.fandom.com/wiki/Gautseshen_A|work=Ancient Egypt Wiki|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gautseshen A|url=https://ancientegypt.fandom.com/wiki/Gautseshen_A|work=Ancient Egypt Wiki|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Maelezo == [[Baba]] yake Gautseshen alikuwa (Menkheperre), aliyekuwa [[Kuhani]] [[Mkuu wa dola|Mkuu]] wa mungu Amun (High Priest of Amun). Mama yake alikuwa Princess Isetemkheb, [[binti]] wa [[Farao]] Psusennes I, aliyekuwa mtawala wa [[Misri]] ya Kale. [[Ndugu]] zake wawili wa kiume, Pinedjem II na Smendes II, walikuja kuwa Makuhani Wakuu wa [[mungu]] Amun. Gautseshen aliolewa na Tjanefer, ambaye mwanzoni alikuwa [[Nabii]] wa Nne wa [[mungu]] Amun (Fourth Prophet of Amun), na baadaye akapandishwa cheo na kuwa [[Nabii]] wa Tatu wa mungu Amun (Third Prophet of Amun).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gautseshen A|url=https://ancientegypt.fandom.com/wiki/Gautseshen_A|work=Ancient Egypt Wiki|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Misri ya Kale]] q2t6j0vrk2ixddvz5b0l6y1ertcm1o3 0 257312 1615192 2026-11-07T12:22:33Z Grace Daudi 93413 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Takhuit''' alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa Psamtik II. Aliishi katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Ishirini na Sita ya Misri.[https://www.google.com/search?q=Gozzoli%2C+Roberto%3A+Psammetichus+II%2C+Reign%2C+Documents+and+Officials%2C+London+(2017)%2C+ISBN+978-1-906137-41-0%2C+pp.+20-21.&oq=Gozzoli%2C+Roberto%3A+Psammetichus+II%2C+Reign%2C+Documents+and+Officials%2C+London+(2017)%2C+ISBN+978-1-906137-41-0%2C+pp.+20-21.&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDIxOTBqMG...' 1615192 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Takhuit''' alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa Psamtik II. Aliishi katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Ishirini na Sita ya Misri.[https://www.google.com/search?q=Gozzoli%2C+Roberto%3A+Psammetichus+II%2C+Reign%2C+Documents+and+Officials%2C+London+(2017)%2C+ISBN+978-1-906137-41-0%2C+pp.+20-21.&oq=Gozzoli%2C+Roberto%3A+Psammetichus+II%2C+Reign%2C+Documents+and+Officials%2C+London+(2017)%2C+ISBN+978-1-906137-41-0%2C+pp.+20-21.&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDIxOTBqMGo3qAIIsAIB&sourceid=chrome&source=chrome.ob&ie=UTF-8]<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=Gozzoli%2C+Roberto%3A+Psammetichus+II%2C+Reign%2C+Documents+and+Officials%2C+London+(2017)%2C+ISBN+978-1-906137-41-0%2C+pp.+20-21.&oq=Gozzoli%2C+Roberto%3A+Psammetichus+II%2C+Reign%2C+Documents+and+Officials%2C+London+(2017)%2C+ISBN+978-1-906137-41-0%2C+pp.+20-21.&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDIxOTBqMGo3qAIIsAIB&sourceid=chrome&source=chrome.ob&ie=UTF-8</ref> Alikuwa mke wa Psamtik II na mama wa Farao Apries pamoja na Ankhnesneferibre, aliyekuwa na cheo cha Mke wa Mungu Amun.Inajulikana kuwa Takhuit alikuwa mke wa Mfalme Psamtik II kwa sababu binti yao, Ankhnesneferibre, ametajwa katika kumbukumbu za kihistoria kuwa dada wa mfalme na kwamba alizaliwa na Takhuit.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson</ref> == Mazishi == Takhuit alizikwa huko [[Athribis|Athribis.]] Kaburi lake liligunduliwa mwaka [[1950]]. Katika kaburi lake, viligunduliwa jeneza kubwa la mawe ''(sarcophagus)'' pamoja na hirizi yenye umbo la mbawakawa iliyowekwa kifuani ''(heart scarab).[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Grajetzki]''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Grajetzki</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 664]] 1tkgb93fiu3nxcc0dob9djf1t0nffvd 0 257313 1615193 2026-11-07T12:23:03Z Advela jackson 93791 kuanzisha makala 1615193 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya mchujo wa Afrika ya kufuzu kwa Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake chini ya miaka 20 mwaka [[2012|2018]] yalikuwa toleo la tisa la mashindano hayo. Mashindano haya hufanyika kila baada ya miaka miwili na huandaliwa na Shirikisho la Soka Afrika (CAF), kwa lengo la kupata timu za taifa za wanawake chini ya miaka 20 zitakazoiwakilisha Afrika katika Kombe la Dunia.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Aisyah |first=Fifi |date=2026-03-22 |title=FIFA World Cup 2026: Full Schedule, team fixtures (PDF) |url=https://doi.org/10.55277/researchhub.blp2tpwv.1}}</ref> Wachezaji walioruhusiwa kushiriki mashindano hayo ni wale waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari [[1992|1998]] au baada ya tarehe hiyo. Timu mbili zilipata nafasi ya kuiwakilisha Afrika katika Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake chini ya miaka 20 la mwaka [[2018]] lililofanyika nchini Ufaransa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Aisyah |first=Fifi |date=2026-03-22 |title=FIFA World Cup 2026: Full Schedule, team fixtures (PDF) |url=https://doi.org/10.55277/researchhub.blp2tpwv.1}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20]] eq8ut5u45hustugdolf6k0cnx16euow 1615315 1615193 2026-11-07T14:53:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615315 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya mchujo wa Afrika ya kufuzu kwa Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake chini ya miaka 20 mwaka [[2012|2018]] yalikuwa toleo la tisa la mashindano hayo. Mashindano haya hufanyika kila baada ya miaka miwili na huandaliwa na Shirikisho la Soka Afrika (CAF), kwa lengo la kupata timu za taifa za wanawake chini ya miaka 20 zitakazoiwakilisha Afrika katika Kombe la Dunia.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Aisyah |first=Fifi |date=2026-03-22 |title=FIFA World Cup 2026: Full Schedule, team fixtures (PDF) |url=https://doi.org/10.55277/researchhub.blp2tpwv.1}}</ref> Wachezaji walioruhusiwa kushiriki mashindano hayo ni wale waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari [[1992|1998]] au baada ya tarehe hiyo. Timu mbili zilipata nafasi ya kuiwakilisha Afrika katika Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake chini ya miaka 20 la mwaka [[2018]] lililofanyika nchini Ufaransa.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Aisyah |first=Fifi |date=2026-03-22 |title=FIFA World Cup 2026: Full Schedule, team fixtures (PDF) |url=https://doi.org/10.55277/researchhub.blp2tpwv.1}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20]] q5rsvgnfnxw5th87eif544k0zduz9my 0 257314 1615194 2026-11-07T12:23:24Z Amina sauli 89067 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615194 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dina Talaat''' (aliyezaliwa [[1964]]) ni mcheza [[dansi]] wa [[tumbo]] na [[mwigizaji]] kutoka [[Misri]], aliyejulikana kimataifa kama mmoja wa wacheza dansi maarufu wa Misri. Pia ana shahada ya uzamili katika Falsafa kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Ain Shams na aliandika kitabu cha wasifu wake mwaka [[2011]].<ref><nowiki>https://www.albawaba.com/star-news-and-gossip/dina-attempts-suicide</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati]] 6sfksecz29uyk6snon59tytz0ynnjpe 0 257315 1615195 2026-11-07T12:28:56Z Gladys Gibbs 40388 Kuanzisha makala 1615195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya CECAFA ya Wanawake''' ya walio na umri chini ya miaka 20 ni mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] [[Afrika]]. Yaandaliwa na Baraza la Vyama vya Mpira wa Miguu la [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]] na Kati ([[CECAFA]]), na yanahusisha timu za taifa za wanawake za walio na umri chini ya miaka 20 kutoka Afrika Mashariki na Kati. == Historia == Toleo la kwanza lilifanyika nchini [[Uganda]] kuanzia [[28 Oktoba|Oktoba]] [[28 Oktoba|28]], hadi [[9 Novemba|Novemba]] [[9 Novemba|9]], [[2021]]. == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za michezo]] j04bwaaxq58g9qd78nqqxr2m7it6eth 0 257316 1615196 2026-11-07T12:29:04Z Emanuel masaki 82931 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Penehupifo “Penny” Pohamba''' ( [[16]] [[juni]] [[1948]] – [[17]] [[Oktoba]] [[2026]]) alikuwa muuguzi na mwanasiasa kutoka nchini Namibia. Alihudumu kama Mama wa Taifa wa pili wa Namibia kuanzia mwaka [[2005]] hadi [[2015]], kipindi ambacho mumewe, Hifikepunye Pohamba, alikuwa [[Rais]] wa nchi hiyo. Alipata nafasi hiyo kutokana na kuwa mke wa rais, na alikuwa sehemu ya historia ya uongozi wa Namibia katika kipindi hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Penehupifo Pohamba – CELD {{!}} Centre for Economic & Leadership Development {{!}} Women's Empowerment & Leadership|url=https://celd.org.uk/penehupifo-pohamba/|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Namibia mourns former First Lady Penehupifo Pohamba – Windhoek Observer|url=https://observer24.com.na/namibia-mourns-former-first-lady-penehupifo-pohamba/|work=observer24.com.na|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] nfzz9hquui76f5roaprxzwl9cwp0gru 1615334 1615196 2026-11-07T15:59:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615334 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Penehupifo “Penny” Pohamba''' ( [[16]] [[juni]] [[1948]] – [[17]] [[Oktoba]] [[2026]]) alikuwa muuguzi na mwanasiasa kutoka nchini Namibia. Alihudumu kama Mama wa Taifa wa pili wa Namibia kuanzia mwaka [[2005]] hadi [[2015]], kipindi ambacho mumewe, Hifikepunye Pohamba, alikuwa [[Rais]] wa nchi hiyo. Alipata nafasi hiyo kutokana na kuwa mke wa rais, na alikuwa sehemu ya historia ya uongozi wa Namibia katika kipindi hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Penehupifo Pohamba – CELD {{!}} Centre for Economic & Leadership Development {{!}} Women's Empowerment & Leadership|url=https://celd.org.uk/penehupifo-pohamba/|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Namibia mourns former First Lady Penehupifo Pohamba – Windhoek Observer|url=https://observer24.com.na/namibia-mourns-former-first-lady-penehupifo-pohamba/|work=observer24.com.na|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] gb8qzlrhm6a6fzuc7yh63bip6q2p56w 0 257317 1615197 2026-11-07T12:30:18Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anis Ayari''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: أَنِيس الْعَيَّارِيّ; alizaliwa [[16 Februari]] [[1982]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]]. Klabu ya mwisho aliyochezea ilikuwa ''Étoile du Sahel''. == Kazi yake katika klabu == Ayari alianza kucheza [[soka]] katika klabu ya ''Stade Tunisien'' mwezi [[Machi]] [[2002]], akicheza katika nafasi za ulinzi na kiungo. Mwaka [[2004]], alihama kutoka ''Stade Tunisien'' na kujiunga na klabu ya ''Samsunspor'' ya [[Uturuki]]. Mwanzoni mwa msimu wa [[2006]]–[[2007]], alijiunga na klabu ya ''Lorient'' iliyokuwa ikishiriki ligi daraja la kwanza nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Hata hivyo, [[mkataba]] wake ulivunjwa mwezi Aprili 2007 kwa makubaliano ya pande zote mbili. Baadaye katika msimu huohuo, alisaini mkataba na klabu ya ''Étoile du Sahel''. == Kazi yake katika timu ya taifa == Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa [[timu ya taifa]] ya soka ya Tunisia iliyoshiriki [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya mwaka 2004. Timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya kwanza baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C, nyuma ya [[Argentina]], iliyokuwa mshindi wa kundi na medali ya dhahabu, na [[Australia]] iliyoshika nafasi ya pili. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa kikosi cha Tunisia kilichoshinda [[Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika]] mwaka 2004.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20151121142043/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=213375/index.html</ref><ref>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/6739/Anis_Ayari.html</ref><ref>https://www.tff.org/Default.aspx?pageId=526&kisiId=30132</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} 6g4v25bzb521ceisn591e623o9ogioh 0 257318 1615199 2026-11-07T12:30:55Z Zubeda03 83744 Anzisha Makala 1615199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox international football competition|tourney_name=Mashindano ya UNAF kwa Vijana chini ya Miaka 16.|dates=2009 miaka 17 iliyopita|num_teams=5|champion-flagvar=Tunisia|city=Afrika Kaskazini}} '''Mashindano ya UNAF kwa vijana chini ya miaka 16''' ni mashindano ya kimataifa ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] wenye [[umri]] wa chini ya miaka 16, yanayoandaliwa kila [[mwaka]] na [[Umoja]] wa ''Vyama vya Soka Afrika Kaskazini (UNAF).'' <ref>http://www.ftf.org.tn/fr/programme-tournoi-unaf-natifs-2000-du-07-au-11-juin-au-maroc-rabat</ref>Mashindano haya hushirikisha [[timu]] za [[taifa]] kutoka [[nchi]] wanachama wa UNAF, lakini pia huruhusu kushiriki kwa timu kutoka nchi nyingine zilizoalikwa. [[Tunisia]] ndiyo bingwa mtetezi baada ya kutwaa ubingwa wa mwaka [[2026]]. <ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U-17-Tournament/2015</ref>Pia ndiyo nchi iliyotwaa ubingwa mara nyingi zaidi, ikiwa imefanikiwa kushinda [[taji]] hilo mara mbili.<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U16-Tournament/2026</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] 1hq9udi1y6htlag5zb04e745tkl2c3t 1615201 1615199 2026-11-07T12:31:31Z Zubeda03 83744 Maboresho 1615201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox international football competition|tourney_name=Mashindano ya UNAF kwa Vijana chini ya Miaka 16.|dates=2009 miaka 17 iliyopita|num_teams=5|champion-flagvar=Tunisia|city=Afrika Kaskazini}} '''Mashindano ya UNAF kwa vijana chini ya miaka 16''' ni mashindano ya kimataifa ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] wenye [[umri]] wa chini ya miaka 16, yanayoandaliwa kila [[mwaka]] na [[Umoja]] wa ''Vyama vya Soka Afrika Kaskazini (UNAF).'' <ref>http://www.ftf.org.tn/fr/programme-tournoi-unaf-natifs-2000-du-07-au-11-juin-au-maroc-rabat</ref>Mashindano haya hushirikisha [[timu]] za [[taifa]] kutoka [[nchi]] wanachama wa UNAF, lakini pia huruhusu kushiriki kwa timu kutoka nchi nyingine zilizoalikwa. [[Tunisia]] ndiyo bingwa mtetezi baada ya kutwaa ubingwa wa mwaka [[2026]]. <ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U-17-Tournament/2015</ref>Pia ndiyo nchi iliyotwaa ubingwa mara nyingi zaidi, ikiwa imefanikiwa kushinda [[taji]] hilo mara mbili.<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U16-Tournament/2026</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} ay3821xs0aiuywmsfl34hcojquel9o0 0 257319 1615200 2026-11-07T12:31:27Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:Yakubu in 2013 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Yakubu in 2013]] '''Yakubu Ayegbeni ('''aliyezaliwa tarehe 22 Novemba [[1982]]), anayejulikana kwa jina moja kama [[Yakubu Alfa|Yakubu,]] ni raia wa [[Nigeria]] na wakala wa wachezaji wa soka, pamoja na kuwa aliyekuwa mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa. Alicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Anajulikana kwa jina la utani “''The Yak.''”<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yakubu Ayegbeni {{!}} Everton Football Club|url=http://www.evertonf...' 1615200 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Yakubu in 2013 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Yakubu in 2013]] '''Yakubu Ayegbeni ('''aliyezaliwa tarehe 22 Novemba [[1982]]), anayejulikana kwa jina moja kama [[Yakubu Alfa|Yakubu,]] ni raia wa [[Nigeria]] na wakala wa wachezaji wa soka, pamoja na kuwa aliyekuwa mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa. Alicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Anajulikana kwa jina la utani “''The Yak.''”<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yakubu Ayegbeni {{!}} Everton Football Club|url=http://www.evertonfc.com/players/y/ya/yakubu-ayegbeni|work=www.evertonfc.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahrez latest African to hit half-century of goals|url=https://www.premierleague.com/en/news/1514724|work=www.premierleague.com|date=2019-12-04|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanaume]] sb2zd2laezu60pgpv44rlajay5x15zi 1615362 1615200 2026-11-07T17:06:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615362 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Yakubu in 2013 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Yakubu in 2013]] '''Yakubu Ayegbeni ('''aliyezaliwa tarehe 22 Novemba [[1982]]), anayejulikana kwa jina moja kama [[Yakubu Alfa|Yakubu,]] ni raia wa [[Nigeria]] na wakala wa wachezaji wa soka, pamoja na kuwa aliyekuwa mchezaji wa soka wa kulipwa. Alicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Anajulikana kwa jina la utani “''The Yak.''”<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yakubu Ayegbeni {{!}} Everton Football Club|url=http://www.evertonfc.com/players/y/ya/yakubu-ayegbeni|work=www.evertonfc.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mahrez latest African to hit half-century of goals|url=https://www.premierleague.com/en/news/1514724|work=www.premierleague.com|date=2019-12-04|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanaume]] 3a1anc61poesxx599mosxyiu3p6apgl 0 257320 1615202 2026-11-07T12:32:10Z Lisakamo L 92644 Ukurasa mpya 1615202 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Trésor Lomana LuaLua''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba]] 28,1980) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo (mto)|Kongo]], aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]]. Kwa sasa ni kocha wa washambuliaji katika klabu ya Spalding [[United States|United]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Lomana LuaLua|date=2026-10-22|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lomana_LuaLua&oldid=1381398853|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Desemba]] kq2x9v6wvixk2ba3izocsgyqmv665jv 0 257321 1615203 2026-11-07T12:34:03Z Changarau 93793 Ukrasa umeundwa 1615203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Soka ya Afrika kwa Wachezaji walio chini ya umri wa miaka''' 17 ya mwaka [[1999]] yaliandaliwa na Shirikisho la Soka Barani Afrika (CAF) na kufanyika nchini [[Guinea]]. Timu tatu zilizoshika nafasi za juu katika mashindano hayo zilifuzu kushiriki Mashindano ya [[Kombe la Dunia]] la FIFA kwa [[Mchezaji|Wachezaji]] walio chini ya umri wa miaka '''17''' ya [[mwaka]] [[1999]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=African U-17 Championship 1999|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-99.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] reizkhe6n0hv6cjgc5adwqa3v38yh5d 1615310 1615203 2026-11-07T14:49:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615310 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Soka ya Afrika kwa Wachezaji walio chini ya umri wa miaka''' 17 ya mwaka [[1999]] yaliandaliwa na Shirikisho la Soka Barani Afrika (CAF) na kufanyika nchini [[Guinea]]. Timu tatu zilizoshika nafasi za juu katika mashindano hayo zilifuzu kushiriki Mashindano ya [[Kombe la Dunia]] la FIFA kwa [[Mchezaji|Wachezaji]] walio chini ya umri wa miaka '''17''' ya [[mwaka]] [[1999]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African U-17 Championship 1999|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-99.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] k01cnbbv4wv8kpbhaftpfcjjoqln6fb 0 257322 1615205 2026-11-07T12:36:51Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Ukurasa ulianzishwa 1615205 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé.jpg|thumb|Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé]] '''Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé''' ([[4 Januari|Januari 4]], [[1948]] – [[6 Novemba|Novemba]] [[6 Novemba|6]], [[2021]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Mali]] na [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa Mali wakati wa [[mapinduzi]] ya kijeshi ya [[nchi]] hiyo ya mwaka [[2012]]. Alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kushika nafasi ya waziri mkuu katika [[historia]] ya nchi hiyo. Alitangazwa kwenye nafasi hiyo kwa [[amri]] ya [[Rais]] mnamo tarehe [[3 Aprili]] [[2011]], akichukua nafasi ya Modibo Sidibé. Alishikilia nafasi hiyo kwa kipindi cha chini kidogo cha mwaka mmoja chini ya urais wa Amadou Toumani Touré kabla ya kuondolewa madarakani katika mapinduzi ya tarehe [[22 Machi]] [[2012]].<ref>https://www.financialafrik.com/2021/11/07/mali-deces-de-lex-premier-ministre-cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe/</ref><ref>https://www.afrik.com/cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe-une-femme-premier-ministre-au-mali</ref> == Kazi ya awali == Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé alizaliwa [[Timbuktu]], Mali mnamo [[4 Januari|Januari 4]], [[1948]]. Jina la familia yake ni Sidibé lakini baadaye alichukua pia jina la familia la [[mume]] wake ambalo ni Cissé. Sidibé Cissé alisoma katika [[shule ya msingi]] ya Goundam, na baadaye akapata [[cheti]] chake cha kuhitimu [[elimu ya sekondari]] mnamo [[1970]].<ref>https://amap.ml/2021/11/07/lancienne-premiere-ministre-du-mali-cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe-est-decedee/</ref><ref>https://www.maliweb.net/necrologie/mali-deces-a-73-ans-de-lancienne-premiere-ministre-cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe-2951290.html</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] jr65rdxkcezmvtn2cr1fe6qmjj4nt2j 1615207 1615205 2026-11-07T12:37:31Z Hamisi msafiri mzuki 81808 Maboresho 1615207 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé.jpg|thumb|Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé]] '''Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé''' ([[4 Januari|Januari 4]], [[1948]] – [[6 Novemba|Novemba]] [[6 Novemba|6]], [[2021]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Mali]] na [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa Mali wakati wa [[mapinduzi]] ya kijeshi ya [[nchi]] hiyo ya mwaka [[2012]]. Alikuwa [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kushika nafasi ya waziri mkuu katika [[historia]] ya nchi hiyo. Alitangazwa kwenye nafasi hiyo kwa [[amri]] ya [[Rais]] mnamo tarehe [[3 Aprili]] [[2011]], akichukua nafasi ya Modibo Sidibé. Alishikilia nafasi hiyo kwa kipindi cha chini kidogo cha mwaka mmoja chini ya urais wa Amadou Toumani Touré kabla ya kuondolewa madarakani katika mapinduzi ya tarehe [[22 Machi]] [[2012]].<ref>https://www.financialafrik.com/2021/11/07/mali-deces-de-lex-premier-ministre-cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe/</ref><ref>https://www.afrik.com/cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe-une-femme-premier-ministre-au-mali</ref> == Kazi ya awali == Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé alizaliwa [[Timbuktu]], Mali mnamo [[4 Januari|Januari 4]], [[1948]]. Jina la familia yake ni Sidibé lakini baadaye alichukua pia jina la familia la [[mume]] wake ambalo ni Cissé. Sidibé Cissé alisoma katika [[shule ya msingi]] ya Goundam, na baadaye akapata [[cheti]] chake cha kuhitimu [[elimu ya sekondari]] mnamo [[1970]].<ref>https://amap.ml/2021/11/07/lancienne-premiere-ministre-du-mali-cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe-est-decedee/</ref><ref>https://www.maliweb.net/necrologie/mali-deces-a-73-ans-de-lancienne-premiere-ministre-cisse-mariam-kaidama-sidibe-2951290.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Mali]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} nid3w6tx65s3c0a4jvlq62eb5vvs3vd 0 257323 1615206 2026-11-07T12:37:04Z Ester Gasper Kimario 70787 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luciano Matsoso''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[31 Julai]] [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]] ambaye mara ya mwisho alicheza katika nafasi ya [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] au [[winga]] katika klabu ya ''Lioli FC''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lestimes.com/new-kid-on-the-likuena-block/|title=Luciano Matsoso - Lesotho Times article}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lestimes.com/luciano-relishing-another-national-call-up/|title=Luciano relishing anot...' 1615206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luciano Matsoso''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[31 Julai]] [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]] ambaye mara ya mwisho alicheza katika nafasi ya [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] au [[winga]] katika klabu ya ''Lioli FC''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lestimes.com/new-kid-on-the-likuena-block/|title=Luciano Matsoso - Lesotho Times article}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lestimes.com/luciano-relishing-another-national-call-up/|title=Luciano relishing another national call-up|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weszlo.com/2020/04/09/pilkarze-z-afryki-polska/|title=Luciano Matsoso - Weszlo article}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lestimes.com/bereng-matsoso-will-get-their-chance-at-leopards/|title='Bereng, Matsoso will get their chance at Leopards'|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lestimes.com/the-circus-continues/|title=The circus continues|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref> == Historia ya Uchezaji Katika Klabu == Mwaka [[2017]], Matsoso alisaini mkataba na klabu ya ''Oskar Przysucha'' nchini [[Polandi|Poland]]. Alionyesha kiwango kizuri cha uchezaji na kufanya vizuri kiasi cha kuvutia klabu nyingine kubwa zaidi za nchini humo, ambazo zilianza kumfuatilia na kumpa ofa za kujiunga nazo. Mwaka [[2018]], alijiunga na klabu ya ''Black Leopards'' nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. Hata hivyo, alishindwa kupata nafasi ya kudumu katika kikosi cha kwanza na kucheza mara kwa mara. Mwaka [[2020]], alisaini mkataba na klabu ya ''Lioli'' nchini Lesotho. Wakati huo, alikuwa mchezaji aliyelipwa mshahara mkubwa zaidi katika klabu hiyo. Hata hivyo, kiwango chake cha uchezaji katika klabu hiyo kilionekana kutokuwa kizuri. Pia, alikuwa na mgogoro na uongozi wa klabu kutokana na changamoto zilizohusiana na makazi yake. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] h4ghz3jq3k8rx8f9cdr0vlf15kyx3sv 1615297 1615206 2026-11-07T14:35:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 5 template(s) replaced. 1615297 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luciano Matsoso''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[31 Julai]] [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]] ambaye mara ya mwisho alicheza katika nafasi ya [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] au [[winga]] katika klabu ya ''Lioli FC''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lestimes.com/new-kid-on-the-likuena-block/|title=Luciano Matsoso - Lesotho Times article}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://lestimes.com/luciano-relishing-another-national-call-up/|title=Luciano relishing another national call-up|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://weszlo.com/2020/04/09/pilkarze-z-afryki-polska/|title=Luciano Matsoso - Weszlo article}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://lestimes.com/bereng-matsoso-will-get-their-chance-at-leopards/|title='Bereng, Matsoso will get their chance at Leopards'|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://lestimes.com/the-circus-continues/|title=The circus continues|publisher=lestimes.com}}</ref> == Historia ya Uchezaji Katika Klabu == Mwaka [[2017]], Matsoso alisaini mkataba na klabu ya ''Oskar Przysucha'' nchini [[Polandi|Poland]]. Alionyesha kiwango kizuri cha uchezaji na kufanya vizuri kiasi cha kuvutia klabu nyingine kubwa zaidi za nchini humo, ambazo zilianza kumfuatilia na kumpa ofa za kujiunga nazo. Mwaka [[2018]], alijiunga na klabu ya ''Black Leopards'' nchini [[Afrika Kusini]]. Hata hivyo, alishindwa kupata nafasi ya kudumu katika kikosi cha kwanza na kucheza mara kwa mara. Mwaka [[2020]], alisaini mkataba na klabu ya ''Lioli'' nchini Lesotho. Wakati huo, alikuwa mchezaji aliyelipwa mshahara mkubwa zaidi katika klabu hiyo. Hata hivyo, kiwango chake cha uchezaji katika klabu hiyo kilionekana kutokuwa kizuri. Pia, alikuwa na mgogoro na uongozi wa klabu kutokana na changamoto zilizohusiana na makazi yake. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ht7czqsva1ey9hyttnls5sk7mcex2tq 0 257324 1615208 2026-11-07T12:38:58Z Advela jackson 93791 kuanzisha makala 1615208 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya UNAF U-15 yaliyofanyika mwaka [[2017]] yaliyokuwa toleo la kwanza la mashindano ya Umoja wa Vyama vya Soka vya Afrika Kaskazini kwa vijana walikukuwa na umri chini ya miaka 15. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini Morocco kuanzia tarehe 20 hadi 24 Agosti [[2017]]. mchi zilizoshiliki ni [[algelia]],[[egypt]],[[morocco]] na [[tunisia]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44687|title=Flore forestière illustrée : Comprenant toutes les espèces ligneuses de l'Algérie et les espèces ligneuses les plus rèpandues en Tunisie, au Maroc et dans le Midi de la France|last=Lapie|first=Georges|date=1914|publisher=Orlhag|location=Paris}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17]] dimeaw12gtcnfqrcds2nui3u554kp2f 1615313 1615208 2026-11-07T14:50:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615313 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya UNAF U-15 yaliyofanyika mwaka [[2017]] yaliyokuwa toleo la kwanza la mashindano ya Umoja wa Vyama vya Soka vya Afrika Kaskazini kwa vijana walikukuwa na umri chini ya miaka 15. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini Morocco kuanzia tarehe 20 hadi 24 Agosti [[2017]]. mchi zilizoshiliki ni [[algelia]],[[egypt]],[[morocco]] na [[tunisia]]<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44687|title=Flore forestière illustrée : Comprenant toutes les espèces ligneuses de l'Algérie et les espèces ligneuses les plus rèpandues en Tunisie, au Maroc et dans le Midi de la France|last=Lapie|first=Georges|date=1914|publisher=Orlhag|location=Paris}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17]] kn3hreoq6oz43t70bulyqaxzd2fpxfp 0 257325 1615209 2026-11-07T12:39:12Z Gladys Gibbs 40388 Kuanzisha makala 1615209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya CECAFA ya Wanawake''' ya Walio na Umri Chini ya Miaka 17 ni mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] (soka) [[Afrika]]. Yaandaliwa na Baraza la Vyama vya Mpira wa Miguu la [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]] na Kati ([[CECAFA]]), na yanahusisha timu za taifa za wanawake za walio na umri chini ya miaka 17 kutoka Afrika Mashariki na Kati.<ref>https://www.sofascore.com/football/tournament/international-youth/cecafa-womens-u17-championship/36311#id:99107</ref><ref>https://kenyafootballdata.com/tournament_stats.php?t=uftn0118</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za michezo]] 4ck0047rvdcvyxpsd555fxnlwxy9uda 0 257326 1615211 2026-11-07T12:42:20Z Emanuel masaki 82931 Ukurasa Umeundwa 1615211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aziza Brahim''' alizaliwa mwaka [[1976]] katika kambi za wakimbizi wa Kisahrawi zilizopo katika eneo la Tindouf nchini Algeria. Mama yake alihamia katika eneo hilo mwishoni mwa mwaka [[1975]] baada ya kukimbia uvamizi wa [[Moroko|Morocco]] katika eneo la [[Sahara]] <ref>{{Citation|title=Singing the Western Sahara blues|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-29020181|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref>[[Magharibi]]. [[Baba]] yake alibaki El Aaiún, ambako baadaye alifariki [[dunia]]. Kutokana na vita vya Sahara [[Magharibi]], Aziza hakuwahi kukutana na baba yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Listen to the banned|url=http://www.listentothebanned.com/index.php?page=aziza|work=www.listentothebanned.com|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] t3944bx1ud2bkvy5i7u5tvl0oldj6tg 0 257327 1615212 2026-11-07T12:42:26Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615212 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Karim-Haggui-2015-07.jpg|thumb|Karim Haggui]] '''Karim Haggui''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: كَرِيم حَقِّيّ; alizaliwa [[20 Januari]] [[1984]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka [[Tunisia]] alicheza katika nafasi ya beki. Klabu ya mwisho aliyochezea ilikuwa ''FC St. Gallen''. == Kazi yake katika klabu == === Kazi yake ya awali === Haggui alizaliwa ''Kasserine'' na alianza maisha yake ya soka mwaka [[1998]] katika klabu ya ''AS Kasserine'' iliyokuwa katika mji alikozaliwa. Miaka miwili baadaye, alihamia katika klabu ya ''Étoile du Sahel'', ambako alianza kucheza soka la kulipwa mwaka [[2003]]. Alitumia msimu mmoja tu kama mchezaji wa kulipwa katika klabu hiyo kabla ya kuhamia katika klabu ya ''RC Strasbourg'' ya [[Ufaransa]] majira ya joto ya mwaka [[2004]]. === RC Strasbourg === Haggui alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika [[Ligi Kuu]] ya Ufaransa (Ligue 1) kwenye mechi ya kwanza ya ''Strasbourg'' katika msimu wa 2004–[[2005]]. Mechi hiyo ilichezwa [[Agosti 7|Agosti]] [[Agosti 7|7]] 2004, ambapo Strasbourg ilifungwa mabao 2–1 ikiwa ugenini dhidi ya ''SC Bastia''. Haggui aliingia uwanjani kama mchezaji wa akiba.<ref>https://www.leverkusen.com/whoiswho.php?view=Haggui_K&lang=en</ref><ref>https://www.fussballdaten.de/person/karim-haggui/</ref><ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe3119/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} 5c7skeq4cgwh5cxas52u82753bx78to 0 257328 1615213 2026-11-07T12:43:54Z Zubeda03 83744 Anzisha Makala 1615213 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF kwa vijana chini ya miaka16''', ya [[mwaka]] [[2026]] yalikuwa toleo la tatu la mashindano ya ''UNAF'' kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] chini ya miaka 16. <ref>https://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/football/1500225/tournoi-de-l-unaf-u16-la-tunisie-sacree</ref> Mashindano hayo yalifanyika [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Tunisia|Tunisia,]] kuanzia [[tarehe]] 4 hadi [[8 Februari]] 2026. [[Timu]] ya taifa ya Tunisia ilitwaa ubingwa wa mashindano hayo kwa mara ya pili.<ref>https://www.lapresse.tn/2026/02/06/football-tournoi-de-lunaf-u16-lequipe-de-tunisie-sacree-championne/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] skooajh14dtlmrpfpii5andbaj2bcnt 1615216 1615213 2026-11-07T12:44:24Z Zubeda03 83744 Maboresho 1615216 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF kwa vijana chini ya miaka16''', ya [[mwaka]] [[2026]] yalikuwa toleo la tatu la mashindano ya ''UNAF'' kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] chini ya miaka 16. <ref>https://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/football/1500225/tournoi-de-l-unaf-u16-la-tunisie-sacree</ref> Mashindano hayo yalifanyika [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Tunisia|Tunisia,]] kuanzia [[tarehe]] 4 hadi [[8 Februari]] 2026. [[Timu]] ya taifa ya Tunisia ilitwaa ubingwa wa mashindano hayo kwa mara ya pili.<ref>https://www.lapresse.tn/2026/02/06/football-tournoi-de-lunaf-u16-lequipe-de-tunisie-sacree-championne/</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} jjc47fh6aacv434bt1trgukjf3o55l5 0 257329 1615214 2026-11-07T12:44:22Z Ramadhani kamala 82903 chapisha ukurasa mpya 1615214 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Vijana ya COSAFA U-17 ya Mwaka 2025''' (yaliyokuwa yakijulikana rasmi kama [Michujo ya Kanda ya COSAFA kwa Kombe la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] la Chini ya Miaka 17 la mwaka [[2026]], iliyoandaliwa na TotalEnergies) yalikuwa toleo la 13 la Mashindano ya Vijana ya COSAFA U-17, na mara ya tano kwa mashindano hayo kutumika kama hatua ya kufuzu kwa mashindano ya mwisho ya bara la Afrika. Haya ni mashindano ya kimataifa ya vijana ya '''[[mpira]]''' wa miguu, yaliyoandaliwa na COSAFA kwa ajili ya timu za taifa za wanaume za chini ya umri wa miaka 17 kutoka Afrika Kusini mwa Jangwa la Sahara. Zimbabwe ilikuwa mwenyeji wa mashindano hayo.<ref>https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/12/15/faz-hails-zambia-u17-boys-for-winning-cosafa-tournament-on-south-africa/</ref> Timu ya taifa ya '''[[Zambia]]''' ya chini ya miaka 17 ilikuwa bingwa mtetezi, baada ya kuifunga Angola kwa mabao 2–1 katika mchezo wa fainali wa toleo lililotangulia. Hata hivyo, Zambia ilishindwa kuvuka hatua ya makundi katika mashindano ya mwaka [[2025|2025.]] Timu ya taifa ya Afrika Kusini ilitwaa ubingwa wake wa nne baada ya kuifunga Angola kwa mabao 2–1 katika mchezo wa fainali.<ref>https://en.africatopsports.com/2025/09/15/cosafa-u17-zambia-and-madagascar-bow-out/</ref> == Ushiriki == timu zilizoshiriki Nchi kumi na mbili kati ya nchi 14 wanachama wa COSAFA ziliwasilisha timu zao kushiriki katika mashindano hayo, ambayo yalitumika kama mashindano ya kufuzu ya kanda kwa ajili ya [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika la Chini ya Miaka 17 la mwaka [[2026|2026.]] Tanbihi: Takwimu zote hazijumuishi matukio ambayo timu iliondolewa kwenye mashindano kutokana na kuvunja kanuni au sababu nyingine za kinidhamu. === Timu Zilizoshiriki === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !Timu !Idadi ya mara za kushiriki !Ushiriki wa mwisho !Mafanikio bora katika mashindano yaliyopita |- |{{flag|Angola}} |Mara ya 8 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Washindi wa pili) |'''Mabingwa''' (2018, 2021) |- |{{flag|Botswana}} |Mara ya 10 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |Nafasi ya tatu (2002) |- |{{flag|Comoros}} |Mara ya 3 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |Hatua ya makundi (2019) |- |{{flag|Eswatini}} |Mara ya 9 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |Washindi wa pili (2002) |- |{{flag|Lesotho}} |Mara ya 9 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |Nafasi ya nne (2002) |- |{{flag|Madagascar}} |Mara ya 4 |2017 (Hatua ya makundi) |Hatua ya makundi (2001, 2016, 2017) |- |{{flag|Malawi}} |Mara ya 12 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |'''Mabingwa''' (2001) |- |{{flag|Mauritius}} |Mara ya 7 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |Washindi wa pili (2017) |- |{{flag|Mozambique}} |Mara ya 7 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Hatua ya makundi) |Washindi wa pili (1994, 2019) |- |{{flag|South Africa}} |Mara ya 12 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Waliofika nusu fainali) |'''Mabingwa''' (1994, 2002, 2020) |- |{{flag|Zambia}} |Mara ya 11 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Mabingwa) |'''Mabingwa''' (2017, 2019, 2022, 2024) |- |{{flag|Zimbabwe}} |Mara ya 7 |[[2024 COSAFA Under-17 Championship|2024]] (Waliofika nusu fainali) |'''Mabingwa''' (2007) |} == Droo == Droo la makundi lilifanyika tarehe [[5]] [[Agosti]] [[2025|2025,]] saa 11:30 kwa saa za Afrika ya Kati ([[Cate Blanchett|CAT]]), sawa na UTC+2, katika jiji la Johannesburg. Timu 12 ziligawanywa katika makundi matatu, kila kundi likiwa na timu nne. Mwenyeji wa mashindano hayo, Zimbabwe, aliwekwa katika Kundi A (nafasi A1), bingwa mtetezi Zambia aliwekwa katika Kundi B (nafasi B1), na Angola iliwekwa katika Kundi C (nafasi C1). Timu tisa zilizobaki ziligawanywa katika vyungu viwili kwa kuzingatia matokeo ya toleo lililotangulia la mashindano, kisha zikapangiwa nafasi zilizobaki kupitia droo. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;" !Mbeki !Kikapu cha 1 !Kikapu cha 2 |- |{{flag|Zimbabwe}} (mwenyeji) |{{flag|Botswana}} |{{flag|Comoros}} |- |{{flag|Zambia}} (bingwa mtetezi) |{{flag|Mozambique}} |{{flag|Eswatini}} |- |{{flag|Angola}} |{{flag|South Africa}} |{{flag|Lesotho}} |- | | |{{flag|Madagascar}} |- | | |{{flag|Mauritius}} |- | | |{{flag|Malawi}} |} == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wanaume]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira nchi kwa nchi]] t0f4yollmh67zwdgz2eorbfu7sp1soj 0 257330 1615215 2026-11-07T12:44:22Z Grace Daudi 93413 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tentkheta (Tanetkheta)''' alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa [[Asasi isiyokuwa ya kiserikali|Amasis II.]] Aliishi katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Ishirini na Sita ya [[:en:Joyce_Tyldesley|Misri.]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Tyldesley</ref> == Wasifu == Tentkheta alikuwa mmoja wa wake wa Farao Amasis II wanaojulikana katika historia. Alikuwa binti wa kuhani wa mungu [[Ptahhotep|Ptah]] aliyeitwa [[Padmini Thomas|Padineith.]] Alikuwa mama wa mwana w...' 1615215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tentkheta (Tanetkheta)''' alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa [[Asasi isiyokuwa ya kiserikali|Amasis II.]] Aliishi katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Ishirini na Sita ya [[:en:Joyce_Tyldesley|Misri.]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Tyldesley</ref> == Wasifu == Tentkheta alikuwa mmoja wa wake wa Farao Amasis II wanaojulikana katika historia. Alikuwa binti wa kuhani wa mungu [[Ptahhotep|Ptah]] aliyeitwa [[Padmini Thomas|Padineith.]] Alikuwa mama wa mwana wa mfalme aliyeitwa Khnum-ib-Re na pia mama wa Farao Psamtik III.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson</ref> Tentkheta alikuwa na vyeo vya Mke wa Mfalme na Msimamizi wa Shughuli za Nyumba ya Mti wa Mshita.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa karne ya 6 KK]] ov79t0kz3hv76iwhzhu5706d11swykh 0 257331 1615219 2026-11-07T12:45:36Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''“Dipsy” Selolwane''' (alizaliwa tarehe 27 Januari [[1978]]) ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa kulipwa kutoka [[Botswana]] ambaye alicheza kama kiungo. Pia aliwahi kucheza kama mshambuliaji katika Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya [[Marekani]].Selolwane alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya ''Gaborone United'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Botswana. Baada ya kucheza soka la vyuo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Saint Louis, alichaguliwa kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji bora wa Marekani katika...' 1615219 wikitext text/x-wiki '''“Dipsy” Selolwane''' (alizaliwa tarehe 27 Januari [[1978]]) ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa kulipwa kutoka [[Botswana]] ambaye alicheza kama kiungo. Pia aliwahi kucheza kama mshambuliaji katika Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya [[Marekani]].Selolwane alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya ''Gaborone United'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Botswana. Baada ya kucheza soka la vyuo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Saint Louis, alichaguliwa kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji bora wa Marekani katika timu ya kwanza ya All-American mwaka 2001<ref>{{Cite web|title=KickOff|url=https://www.kickoff.com/|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=2012 Africa Cup of Nations - Dipsy Selolwane Player Profile|url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/african-tournaments/african-cup-of-nations/2012-player-profiles/botswana/dipsy-selolwane.html|work=MTNfootball|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dezigi9o80e2kg7j9y3mcwp3ggukug5 1615232 1615219 2026-11-07T12:56:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615232 wikitext text/x-wiki '''“Dipsy” Selolwane''' (alizaliwa tarehe 27 Januari [[1978]]) ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa kulipwa kutoka [[Botswana]] ambaye alicheza kama kiungo. Pia aliwahi kucheza kama mshambuliaji katika Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya [[Marekani]].Selolwane alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya ''Gaborone United'' inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Botswana. Baada ya kucheza soka la vyuo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Saint Louis, alichaguliwa kuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji bora wa Marekani katika timu ya kwanza ya All-American mwaka 2001<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=KickOff|url=https://www.kickoff.com/|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=2012 Africa Cup of Nations - Dipsy Selolwane Player Profile|url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/african-tournaments/african-cup-of-nations/2012-player-profiles/botswana/dipsy-selolwane.html|work=MTNfootball|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ivkuu35f0ssr7s0mf8t2tpp6cwgpgc7 0 257332 1615221 2026-11-07T12:47:40Z Ester Gasper Kimario 70787 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thapelo Tale''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[22 Aprili]] [[1988]]) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Anacheza nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya ''Liphakoe FC''.<ref>[http://www.publiceye.co.ls/2011/07/08/tale-serbia-bound/ Tale Serbia bond] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402081839/http://www.publiceye.co.ls/2011/07/08/tale-serbia-bound/|date=2012-04-02}} at publiceye.co.ls</ref><ref name="NFT">{{cite web|url=http://www.national-...' 1615221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thapelo Tale''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[22 Aprili]] [[1988]]) ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Anacheza nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya ''Liphakoe FC''.<ref>[http://www.publiceye.co.ls/2011/07/08/tale-serbia-bound/ Tale Serbia bond] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402081839/http://www.publiceye.co.ls/2011/07/08/tale-serbia-bound/|date=2012-04-02}} at publiceye.co.ls</ref><ref name="NFT">{{cite web|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/8047/Miro_Lobo.html|title=Assiri, Muhannad|publisher=National Football Teams|accessdate=18 February 2018}}</ref> == Historia ya Uchezaji Katika Klabu == Tale alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika timu kuu ya klabu ya Likhopo mwaka [[2007]]. Katika misimu iliyofuata, alikuja kuwa miongoni mwa washambuliaji bora nchini Lesotho na baadaye akawa sehemu ya timu ya taifa. Likhopo ilikuwa miongoni mwa klabu zilizokuwa na vikosi imara nchini Lesotho. Hata hivyo, katika kipindi chote ambacho Tale aliichezea klabu hiyo, haikufanikiwa kushinda ubingwa wa ligi ya ndani. Mafanikio yake pekee katika kipindi hicho yalikuwa kushinda mashindano ya Vodacom Soccer Spectacular mwaka [[2010]]. Mwaka huohuo, Tale alipata nafasi ya kufanya majaribio ya kucheza katika klabu ya ''FK Srem'' nchini Serbia. Hata hivyo, Rais wa klabu ya Likhopo alitaka uhamisho wake ufanyike kwa mkopo pekee. Mwezi [[Aprili]] [[2011]], Tale alirejea nchini Serbia pamoja na mwenzake wa timu ya taifa, Nkau Lerotholi, kwa ajili ya kufanya majaribio katika klabu ya ''FK Jagodina'' iliyokuwa ikishiriki ligi kuu ya [[Serbia]]. Hata hivyo, wachezaji hao wawili hawakufanikiwa kubaki katika kikosi hicho. Baada ya hapo, Tale alirejea katika klabu ya FK Srem, ambayo bado ilikuwa na nia ya kumsajili tangu alipofanya majaribio ya kwanza mwaka mmoja uliotangulia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ealvzx476pmb5cx1ft6dl7q5uaxn2yi 0 257333 1615222 2026-11-07T12:48:02Z Dickson manumbu mapambano 73990 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fiona Coyne''' , '''22 Juni 1965 – 18 Agosti 2010''' alikuwa mwigizaji, mwandishi wa '''vitabu''', mwandishi wa tamthilia na mtangazaji wa '''televisheni''' kutoka '''Afrika Kusini'''. Alijulikana kwa kuendesha kipindi cha mashindano ya maswali na majibu cha ''The Weakest Link'' katika toleo lake la Afrika Kusini..<ref>https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Family-farewell-for-Fiona-Coyne-20100824</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Coyne alizaliwa mwaka ''...' 1615222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fiona Coyne''' , '''22 Juni 1965 – 18 Agosti 2010''' alikuwa mwigizaji, mwandishi wa '''vitabu''', mwandishi wa tamthilia na mtangazaji wa '''televisheni''' kutoka '''Afrika Kusini'''. Alijulikana kwa kuendesha kipindi cha mashindano ya maswali na majibu cha ''The Weakest Link'' katika toleo lake la Afrika Kusini..<ref>https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Family-farewell-for-Fiona-Coyne-20100824</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Coyne alizaliwa mwaka '''1965''' <ref>https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Suicide-suspected-in-Coynes-death-20100818</ref>mjini '''Springs, nchini Afrika Kusini⁸''' Baada ya kupata mafunzo ya uigizaji, alikuwa mwanachama wa kikundi cha maigizo cha CAPAB kwa kipindi cha miaka saba. == Kufariki == Coyne alifariki nyumbani kwake mjini '''Fish Hoek,''' nchini Afrika Kusini, tarehe '''18 Agosti 2010,''' akiwa na umri wa miaka '''45'''. Kifo chake kilihisiwa kuwa kilitokana na kujiua.Kabla ya kifo chake, alikuwa ametalikiana na mumewe, '''Willie Fritz''', baada ya miaka 22 ya ndoa. Inaripotiwa kuwa aliacha barua kwa mfanyakazi wake wa nyumbani, '''Zoleka Shumani''', pamoja na wanafamilia wake.<ref>https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Family-farewell-for-Fiona-Coyne-20100824</ref> Mazishi yake yalifanyika katika Kanisa Katoliki la Mtakatifu Petro '''(St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church'''), lililopo Strand, katika jimbo la Western Cape, Afrika Kusini.<ref>https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Family-farewell-for-Fiona-Coyne-20100824</ref> == Marejeo == Mbegu {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu]] [[Jamii:Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1009]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu wa Marekani]] r1u9nn7w6cgw8u17i7e447u1pk45ajt 0 257334 1615224 2026-11-07T12:48:51Z Lisakamo L 92644 Unda ukurasa 1615224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Ngwenya''' (alizaliwa Machi 30 , 1981, katika mji wa [[Plumtree, Zimbabwe|Plumtree]], nchini [[Zimbabwe]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Zimbabwe]]. Maisha ya soka Masomo ya chuo kikuu Ngwenya alisoma katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Mzilikazi iliyopo Bulawayo, ambako aliiongoza timu ya shule hiyo kushinda Mashindano ya Kitaifa ya Shule za Sekondari za Zimbabwe mwaka 1999. Mwaka 2000, alihamia Marekani kwa ajili ya kuendelea na masomo na kucheza mpira wa miguu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Coastal [[Carolina Kusini|Carolina]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa [[Wafugaji|wafungaji]] bora katika Chama cha Kitaifa cha Michezo ya Vyuo Vikuu, akiwa amefunga mabao 21 na kutoa pasi 14 zilizozaa mabao. Mwaka 2003, alichaguliwa katika kikosi bora cha kwanza cha wachezaji wa vyuo vikuu nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Joseph Ngwenya|date=2026-10-22|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Ngwenya&oldid=1381397289|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Marekani]] mj3ifzjd6ly0hprh9t0q9ag6j5qsfb9 0 257335 1615227 2026-11-07T12:51:06Z Gladys Gibbs 40388 Kuanzisha makala 1615227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya COSAFA''' ya walio na umri chini ya miaka 17 ya [[2021]] yalikuwa toleo la 10 la mashindano ya COSAFA ya U-17, ambalo ni mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] yaliyoandaliwa na Baraza la Vyama vya Mpira wa Miguu la [[Afrika Kusini]] (COSAFA) yakihusisha timu kutoka Afrika ya Kusini kwa wachezaji wenye umri wa miaka 17 na chini. [[Lesotho]] iliahifadhi mashindano hayo kwa mara ya kwanza kama sehemu iliyojumuishwa ya Michezo ya Baraza la Michezo la [[Umoja wa Afrika]] ya [[2020]]. [[Angola]] walikuwa washindi wa mwisho kwa mara ya pili.<ref>https://cosafa.com/2021-cosafa-mens-under-17-championship-in-numbers/</ref><ref>https://cosafa.com/eusebio-brace-seals-region-5-games-gold-for-angola/?aiEnableCheckShortcode=true</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu za michezo]] [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] 4aw97vqon5uzvfpkzn9dxjs7smhsmtz 0 257336 1615231 2026-11-07T12:55:15Z Advela jackson 93791 kuanzisha makala 1615231 wikitext text/x-wiki Mashindano ya UNAF U-17 ya mwaka 2016 yaliyokuwa toleo la 11 na yalikuwa mashindano ya Umoja wa Vyama vya Soka vya Afrika Kaskazini kwa vijana wenye umri chini ya miaka 17. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika mjini Rabat, nchini Morocco, kuanzia tarehe 28 Mei hadi tarehe 4 Juni [[2016]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Le groupe dans l'institution gériatrique|date=2016-05-18|url=https://doi.org/10.3917/dunod.talpi.2016.01.0229|work=Le groupe dans l'institution gériatrique|pages=229–231|publisher=Dunod|isbn=978-2-10-074708-5|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya UNAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 17]] 6otv6vzdxqfiq138cni2kd88nup0d0c 0 257337 1615234 2026-11-07T12:57:11Z Zubeda03 83744 Anzisha Makala 1615234 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF''' '''kwa vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 23 ya mwaka 2007''' yalikuwa toleo la pili la mashindano ya Umoja wa ''Vyama vya Soka Afrika Kaskazini'' (UNAF) kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] chini ya miaka 23<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2007</ref>. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini [[Tunisia|Tunisia,]] kuanzia tarehe 10 hadi [[11 Novemba]] [[2007]].<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/partido/2007/11/10/international/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2007/Tunisia-U23/vs/Libya-U23</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya Afrika Kaskazini]] czz85lak9uhk4owzg5i1pbw9dfn76d3 1615236 1615234 2026-11-07T12:58:55Z Zubeda03 83744 Maboresho 1615236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF''' '''kwa vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 23 ya mwaka 2007''' yalikuwa toleo la pili la mashindano ya Umoja wa ''Vyama vya Soka Afrika Kaskazini'' (UNAF) kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] chini ya miaka 23<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2007</ref>. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini [[Tunisia|Tunisia,]] kuanzia tarehe 10 hadi [[11 Novemba]] [[2007]].<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/partido/2007/11/10/international/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2007/Tunisia-U23/vs/Libya-U23</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya Afrika Kaskazini]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} 7up7inqa76at7xfc579cnp8dpeeeypg 0 257338 1615238 2026-11-07T13:00:26Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615238 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Khaled Mouelhi.jpg|thumb|Khaled Mouelhi]] '''Khaled "Kiko" Mouelhi''' (alizaliwa [[13 Februari]] [[1981]] jijini [[Tunis]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[soka]] kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye amestaafu kucheza na kwa sasa ni kocha wa soka. == Kazi yake katika timu ya taifa == Mouelhi alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa [[timu ya taifa]] ya soka ya Tunisia iliyoshiriki [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] ya mwaka [[2004]], lakini timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya kwanza. Kikosi hicho kilimaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C, nyuma ya [[Argentina]], iliyokuwa mshindi wa kundi na medali ya dhahabu, na [[Australia]] iliyoshika nafasi ya pili. == Kazi ya ukocha == Tarehe [[2 Aprili]] [[2015]], Mouelhi aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi wa michezo wa klabu ya ''Espérance de Tunis''. Mwezi Agosti 2015, alibadilishiwa nafasi na kuwa kocha msaidizi chini ya kocha mkuu Ammar Souayah. Tarehe [[30 Septemba]] [[2016]], aliteuliwa kuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu ya ''EO Sidi Bouzid''. Hata hivyo, tarehe [[10 Desemba]] 2016, aliamua kujiuzulu kutokana na matokeo mabaya ya timu hiyo.<ref>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12710/Khaled_Mouelhi.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200418124000/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mo/khaled-mouelhi-1.html</ref><ref>https://www.kawarji.com/actu-35257-eo_sidi_bouzid_khaled_mouelhi_annonce_son_depart.html</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} qq9qvlfsfvkwdlukt5rhzvia9vowqnu 0 257339 1615239 2026-11-07T13:01:23Z Gladys Gibbs 40388 Kuanzisha makala 1615239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF''' ya walio na umri chini ya miaka 17 ya [[2022]] ni toleo la 16 la mashindano ya UNAF ya U-17. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika [[Aljeria|Algeria]] kati ya tarehe 14 na [[24 Machi|Machi]] [[24 Machi|24]], 2022.<ref>https://www.dzfoot.com/football-en-algerie/unaf-u16-les-dates-du-tournoi-sont-connues-218610.html</ref> == Washiriki == * Aljeria * [[Libya]] * [[Tunisia]] * [[Misri]] * [[Moroko]] == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu za michezo]] [[Jamii:Michezo barani Afrika]] 80zkti386ii64gt6ldor7lxh9y5lhg2 0 257340 1615241 2026-11-07T13:01:46Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tenywa “T-Bone” Bonseu''' (alizaliwa tarehe 28 Oktoba [[1976]], [[Kampala|Kampala,]] [[Uganda|Uganda)]] ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa Uganda aliyestaafu. Alitumia miaka tisa akicheza soka la kulipwa nchini Marekani, akicheza zaidi katika nafasi ya beki.Bonseu alianza kucheza soka mwaka 1994 katika klabu ya ''Horizon FC'' nchini Uganda. Mwaka [[1997|1997,]] alihamia Marekani ili kusoma na kucheza soka katika Martin Methodist College, iliyoko eneo la viji...' 1615241 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tenywa “T-Bone” Bonseu''' (alizaliwa tarehe 28 Oktoba [[1976]], [[Kampala|Kampala,]] [[Uganda|Uganda)]] ni mwanasoka wa zamani wa Uganda aliyestaafu. Alitumia miaka tisa akicheza soka la kulipwa nchini Marekani, akicheza zaidi katika nafasi ya beki.Bonseu alianza kucheza soka mwaka 1994 katika klabu ya ''Horizon FC'' nchini Uganda. Mwaka [[1997|1997,]] alihamia Marekani ili kusoma na kucheza soka katika Martin Methodist College, iliyoko eneo la vijijini la [[Tennessee]]. Kabla ya kwenda [[Marekani|Marekani,]] alifanya majaribio ya kucheza katika klabu moja ya Ligi ya ''J-League ya Japan''.<ref>{{Citation|title=University of Tennessee Southern|date=2026-10-20|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Tennessee_Southern&oldid=1381114558|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wanaume]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7b2elwsdy5ndytunzmihpjl6f33zdmn 0 257341 1615242 2026-11-07T13:03:52Z Merci Kahubangwa 72758 Created by translating the page "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/241109720|Direction Générale des Recettes du Nord-Kivu]]" 1615242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Organisation2}}'''Kurugenzi ya Mapato ya Kivu Kaskazini (DGR-NK)''' ni taasisi ya Serikali ya Mkoa wa [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] inayohusika na kukusanya [[Kodi (ushuru)|kodi]] na ushuru wa mkoa. Ni huduma ya umma ya mkoa yenye uhuru wa kiutawala na kifedha, iliyowekwa chini ya usimamizi wa waziri wa mkoa anayehusika na fedha. Iliundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029.<ref name="memoireonline-1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Memoire Online - Rapport de stage effectué à la direction générale des recettes du nord-Kivu/centre opérationnel des recettes de Goma « dgr/nk/corg » du 03 décembre 2018 au 05 janvier 2019. - Innocent MBILIKA|url=https://www.memoireonline.com/03/23/13963/Rapport-de-stage-effectu--la-direction-gnrale-des-recettes-du-nord-Kivucentre-op.html|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> <ref name="memoireonline-2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Memoire Online - Rapport de stage effectue a la direction générale des recettes du nord Kivu, centre opérationnel des recettes de Goma - Alex KAMBALE KALONDERO|url=https://www.memoireonline.com/02/11/4216/Rapport-de-stage-effectue-a-la-direction-generale-des-recettes-du-nord-Kivu-centre-operationnel-.html|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Kihistoria == Wakati wa uasi, kulikuwa na seli ya mapato ya mkoa (PRC) ; inakuwa Kikosi cha Mapato cha Mkoa kuanzia Agosti 21, 2027.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Mnamo 2008, kodi ya mali, kodi ya mapato ya kukodisha, na kodi ya magari ziliongezwa. ; kisha zilikusanywa na [[Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru (DRC)|Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru]] (DGI) pamoja na punguzo la 5% kwa jimbo.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> (Muundo huru huundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029, inayoanzisha na kutunga sheria za utumishi wa umma zinazoitwa DGR-NK ) Muundo huru huundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029, inayoanzisha na kutunga sheria za utumishi wa umma zinazoitwa DGR-NK.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> (Muundo huru huundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029, inayoanzisha na kutunga sheria za utumishi wa umma zinazoitwa DGR-NK) Amri ya 2009 baadaye ilirekebishwa, ikaongezwa na kurekebishwa kwa amri nambari 01/040/CAB/GP-NK2013 ya Aprili 8, 2013.<ref name="memoireonline-1" /> ( Muundo huru huundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029, inayoanzisha na kutunga sheria za utumishi wa umma zinazoitwa DGR-NK) Urekebishaji upya kwa amri ya Gavana Constant Ndima Kongba, kulingana na ripoti ya ukaguzi wa shirika ya tarehe 27 Desemba, 2021 : [[Bauma Serenge Célestin]] alibaki kuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu, uteuzi wa naibu Mkurugenzi Mkuu, mkaguzi mratibu na wakurugenzi kumi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu: Le Gouverneur restructure sa direction générale des recettes (DGRNK) en intégrant Mme Adèle Bazizane Maheshe, ex-rapporteur de l’Assemblée provinciale.|url=https://provincenordkivu.cd/nord-kivu-le-gouverneur-restructure-sa-direction-generale-des-recettes-dgrnk-en-integrant-mme-adele-bazizane-maheshe-ex-rapporteur-de-lassemblee-provinciale/|date=2022-03-10|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Aprili 2024 Jules Luanda Murairi, wa kumi katika nafasi yake kama mkuu wa shirika hilo, anachukua nafasi ya Bauma Serenge makabidhiano-uchukuaji mnamo Aprili 10, 2024.<ref name="congoprofond-1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu: Tumusifu Bazungu félicite le nouveau DG de la DGRNK et salue la bravoure de la nouvelle génération|url=https://congoprofond.net/nord-kivu-tumusifu-bazungu-felicite-le-nouveau-dg-de-la-dgrnk-et-salue-la-bravoure-de-la-nouvelle-generation/|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Septemba 20, 2024 : kuanzishwa kwa tume ya pamoja ya Serikali ya Mkoa-DGR-NK kwa ajili ya kuangalia mapato mtambuka.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=Redaction|title=Nord-Kivu : Le Gouvernement Provincial met en place une commission de contre-vérification des recettes au sein de la DGR-NK|url=https://panierdesinfos.net/nord-kivu-le-gouvernement-provincial-met-en-place-une-commission-de-contre-verification-des-recettes-au-sein-de-la-dgr-nk/|date=2024-09-20|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Mfumo wa kisheria == Hariri nambari 004/2009 ya Mei 25, 2009 kuhusu majina ya kodi, ushuru, ada na haki zingine za mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Hariri nambari 005/2009 ya tarehe 25 Mei 2009 kuhusu taratibu za urejeshaji, udhibiti na ukusanyaji wa kodi, ushuru na ada za jimbo.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> == Misheni == Kukusanya na kuongeza kodi, ushuru, ada na gharama zingine za mkoa. Mnamo 2024, Mkurugenzi Mkuu alipewa dhamira ya kusafisha, kuhamasisha na kuongeza mapato ya hazina ya umma ya mkoa.<ref name="congoprofond-1" /> == Shirika == Vituo vya Uendeshaji wa Mapato (ROCs) vimeundwa ili kufunika jimbo hilo : [[Goma]], Rutshuru, Walikale, Masisi, [[Butembo]], [[Beni (mji)|Beni (Mji)]], Lubero (orodha kutoka kwa ripoti ya 2010).<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Kituo cha Butembo II na kituo cha Lubero vipo mwaka wa 2026 (mabadiliko ya mkuu wa kituo huko Lubero mnamo Agosti 18, 2026).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Lubero : un nouveau chef de centre nommé à la DGR/NK|url=https://www.radiomoto.net/2026/08/20/lubero-un-nouveau-chef-de-centre-nomme-a-la-dgr-nk/|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> COR inayoongozwa na mkuu wa kituo (mkuu wa kitengo) yenye ofisi za Ushuru na Nyaraka, Upangaji wa Ratiba, Ukusanyaji, Uthibitishaji na Udhibiti, Utawala, na idara ya uhasibu (Maelezo ya COR ya Goma mwaka wa 2010).<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> == Mwelekeo == * Bauma Serenge Célestin Mkurugenzi Mtendaji kwa miaka 4 hadi Aprili 2024 naibu wa mkoa aliyechaguliwa wa Masisi mwaka wa 2018.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : Le nouveau directeur général de la DGR-NK prend officiellement ses fonctions|url=https://actu30.cd/2024/04/nord-kivu-le-nouveau-directeur-general-de-la-dgr-nk-prend-officiellement-ses-fonctions/|date=2024-04-11|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> * Jules Luanda Marairi Mkurugenzi Mkuu tangu Aprili 2024, aliyeteuliwa na kaimu gavana wa kijeshi Peter Cirimwami.<ref name="congoprofond-1" /> == Shughuli na ushuru == Kodi za mkoa zilizotajwa : kodi ya mali, kodi ya mapato ya kodi, kodi ya gari ( stika ), kodi kwenye eneo la uchimbaji madini na makubaliano [[Hidrokaboni|ya hidrokaboni]].<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Oktoba 2023 : kipindi cha neema kuanzia Oktoba 27 hadi Novemba 15, 2023 kwa hati miliki, cheti cha kiufundi cha magari, kodi ya idhini ya usafiri wa kila mwaka kati ya miji, nambari [[Pikipiki|ya pikipiki]] na leseni ya udereva.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Recouvrement de la vignette et autres taxes par la DGR-NK : Les assujettis ont jusqu'au 15 novembre pour s'acquitter|url=https://congorassure.cd/societe/2023/10/28/recouvrement-de-la-vignette-et-autres-taxes-par-la-dgr-nk-les-assujettis-ont|date=2023-10-28|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Ushirikiano na Cadastre minier (CAMI) kwenye kodi ya eneo la uso wa migodi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Comminuque CAMI et DGRNK – Cadastre Minier RDC|url=https://cami.cd/comminuque-cami-et-dgrnk/|date=2025-12-31|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mei 2026 : tathmini ya mapato kwa robo ya kwanza ya 2026 na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji na ramani ya robo ya pili.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : la DGR-NK fixe les priorités fiscales du 2è trimestre 2026|url=https://www.nouveaumedia.cd/nord-kivu-la-dgr-nk-fixe-les-priorites-fiscales-du-2e-trimestre-2026/|date=2026-05-14|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> M23 iliingia katika jiji la Goma mnamo Januari 27, 2025. Mnamo Februari 1, 2025, gavana wa kijeshi Évariste Kakule Somo alihamisha kwa muda taasisi za Goma hadi Beni.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Occupation de Goma par le M23 : l’administration et les institutions publiques du Nord-Kivu délocalisées à Beni|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/02/09/actualite/politique/occupation-de-goma-par-le-m23-ladministration-et-les-institutions|date=2025-02-09|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Ofisi kuu ya DGR-NK huko Goma iliharibiwa na kuchomwa moto wakati wa uvamizi. ; takriban maajenti mia moja waliobaki Goma walishutumu mnamo Aprili 2025 kusimamishwa kwa mshahara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Privés de salaire, une centaine d’agents de la DGR/Goma n’ayant pas rejoint Beni dénoncent une situation injuste|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/04/23/actualite/societe/prives-de-salaire-une-centaine-dagents-de-la-dgrgoma-nayant-pas-rejoint|date=2025-04-23|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Vidokezo na marejeleo == <references /> == Tazama pia == === Makala zinazohusiana === [[Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru (DRC)]] Mfuko wa Taifa wa Hifadhi ya Jamii (DRC) === Viungo vya nje === https://dgrnk.org/<nowiki/>{{Lango|RDC|économie}} [[Jamii:Goma]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a10bn4crozamd041zghnhdd31iw4aqv 1615244 1615242 2026-11-07T13:05:25Z Merci Kahubangwa 72758 1615244 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kurugenzi ya Mapato ya Kivu Kaskazini (DGR-NK)''' ni taasisi ya Serikali ya Mkoa wa [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] inayohusika na kukusanya [[Kodi (ushuru)|kodi]] na ushuru wa mkoa. Ni huduma ya umma ya mkoa yenye uhuru wa kiutawala na kifedha, iliyowekwa chini ya usimamizi wa waziri wa mkoa anayehusika na fedha. Iliundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029.<ref name="memoireonline-1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Memoire Online - Rapport de stage effectué à la direction générale des recettes du nord-Kivu/centre opérationnel des recettes de Goma « dgr/nk/corg » du 03 décembre 2018 au 05 janvier 2019. - Innocent MBILIKA|url=https://www.memoireonline.com/03/23/13963/Rapport-de-stage-effectu--la-direction-gnrale-des-recettes-du-nord-Kivucentre-op.html|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> <ref name="memoireonline-2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Memoire Online - Rapport de stage effectue a la direction générale des recettes du nord Kivu, centre opérationnel des recettes de Goma - Alex KAMBALE KALONDERO|url=https://www.memoireonline.com/02/11/4216/Rapport-de-stage-effectue-a-la-direction-generale-des-recettes-du-nord-Kivu-centre-operationnel-.html|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Kihistoria == Wakati wa uasi, kulikuwa na seli ya mapato ya mkoa (PRC) ; inakuwa Kikosi cha Mapato cha Mkoa kuanzia Agosti 21, 2027.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Mnamo 2008, kodi ya mali, kodi ya mapato ya kukodisha, na kodi ya magari ziliongezwa. ; kisha zilikusanywa na [[Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru (DRC)|Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru]] (DGI) pamoja na punguzo la 5% kwa jimbo.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Muundo huru huundwa kwa amri ya mkoa nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK2009 ya Oktoba 29, 2029, inayoanzisha na kutunga sheria za utumishi wa umma zinazoitwa DGR-NK.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Amri ya 2009 baadaye ilirekebishwa, ikaongezwa na kurekebishwa kwa amri nambari 01/040/CAB/GP-NK2013 ya Aprili 8, 2013.<ref name="memoireonline-1" /> Urekebishaji upya kwa amri ya Gavana Constant Ndima Kongba, kulingana na ripoti ya ukaguzi wa shirika ya tarehe 27 Desemba, 2021 : [[Bauma Serenge Célestin]] alibaki kuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu, uteuzi wa naibu Mkurugenzi Mkuu, mkaguzi mratibu na wakurugenzi kumi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu: Le Gouverneur restructure sa direction générale des recettes (DGRNK) en intégrant Mme Adèle Bazizane Maheshe, ex-rapporteur de l’Assemblée provinciale.|url=https://provincenordkivu.cd/nord-kivu-le-gouverneur-restructure-sa-direction-generale-des-recettes-dgrnk-en-integrant-mme-adele-bazizane-maheshe-ex-rapporteur-de-lassemblee-provinciale/|date=2022-03-10|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Aprili 2024 Jules Luanda Murairi, wa kumi katika nafasi yake kama mkuu wa shirika hilo, anachukua nafasi ya Bauma Serenge makabidhiano-uchukuaji mnamo Aprili 10, 2024.<ref name="congoprofond-1">{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu: Tumusifu Bazungu félicite le nouveau DG de la DGRNK et salue la bravoure de la nouvelle génération|url=https://congoprofond.net/nord-kivu-tumusifu-bazungu-felicite-le-nouveau-dg-de-la-dgrnk-et-salue-la-bravoure-de-la-nouvelle-generation/|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Septemba 20, 2024 : kuanzishwa kwa tume ya pamoja ya Serikali ya Mkoa-DGR-NK kwa ajili ya kuangalia mapato mtambuka.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|last=Redaction|title=Nord-Kivu : Le Gouvernement Provincial met en place une commission de contre-vérification des recettes au sein de la DGR-NK|url=https://panierdesinfos.net/nord-kivu-le-gouvernement-provincial-met-en-place-une-commission-de-contre-verification-des-recettes-au-sein-de-la-dgr-nk/|date=2024-09-20|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Mfumo wa kisheria == Hariri nambari 004/2009 ya Mei 25, 2009 kuhusu majina ya kodi, ushuru, ada na haki zingine za mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Hariri nambari 005/2009 ya tarehe 25 Mei 2009 kuhusu taratibu za urejeshaji, udhibiti na ukusanyaji wa kodi, ushuru na ada za jimbo.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> == Misheni == Kukusanya na kuongeza kodi, ushuru, ada na gharama zingine za mkoa. Mnamo 2024, Mkurugenzi Mkuu alipewa dhamira ya kusafisha, kuhamasisha na kuongeza mapato ya hazina ya umma ya mkoa.<ref name="congoprofond-1" /> == Shirika == Vituo vya Uendeshaji wa Mapato (ROCs) vimeundwa ili kufunika jimbo hilo : [[Goma]], Rutshuru, Walikale, Masisi, [[Butembo]], [[Beni (mji)|Beni (Mji)]], Lubero (orodha kutoka kwa ripoti ya 2010).<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Kituo cha Butembo II na kituo cha Lubero vipo mwaka wa 2026 (mabadiliko ya mkuu wa kituo huko Lubero mnamo Agosti 18, 2026).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Lubero : un nouveau chef de centre nommé à la DGR/NK|url=https://www.radiomoto.net/2026/08/20/lubero-un-nouveau-chef-de-centre-nomme-a-la-dgr-nk/|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> COR inayoongozwa na mkuu wa kituo (mkuu wa kitengo) yenye ofisi za Ushuru na Nyaraka, Upangaji wa Ratiba, Ukusanyaji, Uthibitishaji na Udhibiti, Utawala, na idara ya uhasibu (Maelezo ya COR ya Goma mwaka wa 2010).<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> == Mwelekeo == * Bauma Serenge Célestin Mkurugenzi Mtendaji kwa miaka 4 hadi Aprili 2024 naibu wa mkoa aliyechaguliwa wa Masisi mwaka wa 2018.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : Le nouveau directeur général de la DGR-NK prend officiellement ses fonctions|url=https://actu30.cd/2024/04/nord-kivu-le-nouveau-directeur-general-de-la-dgr-nk-prend-officiellement-ses-fonctions/|date=2024-04-11|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> * Jules Luanda Marairi Mkurugenzi Mkuu tangu Aprili 2024, aliyeteuliwa na kaimu gavana wa kijeshi Peter Cirimwami.<ref name="congoprofond-1" /> == Shughuli na ushuru == Kodi za mkoa zilizotajwa : kodi ya mali, kodi ya mapato ya kodi, kodi ya gari ( stika ), kodi kwenye eneo la uchimbaji madini na makubaliano [[Hidrokaboni|ya hidrokaboni]].<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Oktoba 2023 : kipindi cha neema kuanzia Oktoba 27 hadi Novemba 15, 2023 kwa hati miliki, cheti cha kiufundi cha magari, kodi ya idhini ya usafiri wa kila mwaka kati ya miji, nambari [[Pikipiki|ya pikipiki]] na leseni ya udereva.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Recouvrement de la vignette et autres taxes par la DGR-NK : Les assujettis ont jusqu'au 15 novembre pour s'acquitter|url=https://congorassure.cd/societe/2023/10/28/recouvrement-de-la-vignette-et-autres-taxes-par-la-dgr-nk-les-assujettis-ont|date=2023-10-28|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Ushirikiano na Cadastre minier (CAMI) kwenye kodi ya eneo la uso wa migodi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Comminuque CAMI et DGRNK – Cadastre Minier RDC|url=https://cami.cd/comminuque-cami-et-dgrnk/|date=2025-12-31|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mei 2026 : tathmini ya mapato kwa robo ya kwanza ya 2026 na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji na ramani ya robo ya pili.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Nord-Kivu : la DGR-NK fixe les priorités fiscales du 2è trimestre 2026|url=https://www.nouveaumedia.cd/nord-kivu-la-dgr-nk-fixe-les-priorites-fiscales-du-2e-trimestre-2026/|date=2026-05-14|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> M23 iliingia katika jiji la Goma mnamo Januari 27, 2025. Mnamo Februari 1, 2025, gavana wa kijeshi Évariste Kakule Somo alihamisha kwa muda taasisi za Goma hadi Beni.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Occupation de Goma par le M23 : l’administration et les institutions publiques du Nord-Kivu délocalisées à Beni|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/02/09/actualite/politique/occupation-de-goma-par-le-m23-ladministration-et-les-institutions|date=2025-02-09|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> Ofisi kuu ya DGR-NK huko Goma iliharibiwa na kuchomwa moto wakati wa uvamizi. ; takriban maajenti mia moja waliobaki Goma walishutumu mnamo Aprili 2025 kusimamishwa kwa mshahara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|title=Privés de salaire, une centaine d’agents de la DGR/Goma n’ayant pas rejoint Beni dénoncent une situation injuste|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/04/23/actualite/societe/prives-de-salaire-une-centaine-dagents-de-la-dgrgoma-nayant-pas-rejoint|date=2025-04-23|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Vidokezo na marejeleo == <references /> == Tazama pia == === Makala zinazohusiana === [[Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru (DRC)]] Mfuko wa Taifa wa Hifadhi ya Jamii (DRC) === Viungo vya nje === https://dgrnk.org/<nowiki/>{{Lango|RDC|économie}} [[Jamii:Goma]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rw6fqfx6lvfh85qcoyw4uvrbv0l6mkw 1615359 1615244 2026-11-07T17:01:31Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization | native_name = Direction générale des recettes du Nord-Kivu | native_name_lang = fr | formation = 29 Oktoba 2009 | area_served = [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | leader_title = Mkurugenzi Mkuu | leader_name = Jules Luanda Murairi | homepage = [https://dgrnk.org/ dgrnk.org] }} '''Mamlaka ya Mapato ya Kivu Kaskazini''' (kwa Kifaransa: ''Direction générale des recettes du Nord-Kivu'', DGR-NK) ni taasisi ya Serikali ya [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Inakusanya [[Kodi (ushuru)|kodi]], ushuru na ada za mkoa. DGR-NK ilianzishwa mwaka 2009. Makao yake makuu yako [[Goma]]. Tangu mwaka 2025, taasisi za mkoa zimehamishiwa kwa muda [[Beni (mji)|Beni]] kwa sababu ya vita. == Historia == Wakati wa uasi, mkoa ulikuwa na Kitengo cha Mapato cha Mkoa. Tarehe 21 Agosti 2007, kitengo hicho kikawa Kikosi cha Mapato cha Mkoa.<ref name="memoireonline-2">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Alex Kambale Kalondero|title=Rapport de stage effectué à la Direction générale des recettes du Nord-Kivu, centre opérationnel des recettes de Goma|url=https://www.memoireonline.com/02/11/4216/Rapport-de-stage-effectue-a-la-direction-generale-des-recettes-du-nord-Kivu-centre-operationnel-.html|website=Memoire Online|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> DGR-NK ilianzishwa kwa amri ya Gavana nambari 01/090/CAB/GP-NK/2009 ya tarehe 29 Oktoba 2009.<ref name="memoireonline-1">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Innocent Mbilika|title=Rapport de stage effectué à la Direction générale des recettes du Nord-Kivu, centre opérationnel des recettes de Goma (DGR/NK/CORG)|url=https://www.memoireonline.com/03/23/13963/Rapport-de-stage-effectu--la-direction-gnrale-des-recettes-du-nord-Kivucentre-op.html|website=Memoire Online|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Ni huduma ya umma ya mkoa yenye uhuru wa kiutawala na wa kifedha. Iko chini ya waziri wa mkoa anayeshughulikia fedha.<ref name="memoireonline-1" /> Mwaka 2022, Gavana [[Constant Ndima Kongba]] alipanga upya uongozi wa DGR-NK baada ya ukaguzi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nord-Kivu : le Gouverneur restructure sa Direction générale des recettes (DGRNK) en intégrant Mme Adèle Bazizane Maheshe, ex-rapporteur de l'Assemblée provinciale|url=https://provincenordkivu.cd/nord-kivu-le-gouverneur-restructure-sa-direction-generale-des-recettes-dgrnk-en-integrant-mme-adele-bazizane-maheshe-ex-rapporteur-de-lassemblee-provinciale/|website=Province du Nord-Kivu|date=2022-03-10|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwezi Januari 2025, kundi la [[Kundi la M 23|M23]] liliteka Goma. Tarehe 1 Februari 2025, taasisi za mkoa zilihamishiwa kwa muda Beni.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Occupation de Goma par le M23 : l'administration et les institutions publiques du Nord-Kivu délocalisées à Beni|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/02/09/actualite/politique/occupation-de-goma-par-le-m23-ladministration-et-les-institutions|website=Radio Okapi|date=2025-02-09|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Ofisi kuu ya DGR-NK huko Goma iliharibiwa na kuchomwa moto.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Privés de salaire, une centaine d'agents de la DGR/Goma n'ayant pas rejoint Beni dénoncent une situation injuste|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/04/23/actualite/societe/prives-de-salaire-une-centaine-dagents-de-la-dgrgoma-nayant-pas-rejoint|website=Radio Okapi|date=2025-04-23|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Majukumu na muundo == DGR-NK inakusanya kodi, ushuru na ada za mkoa. Lengo lake ni kuongeza mapato ya mkoa.<ref name="dgrnk">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Direction Générale des Recettes du Nord-Kivu|url=https://dgrnk.org/|website=DGR-NK|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Sheria mbili za mkoa za tarehe 25 Mei 2009 zinaorodhesha kodi hizo na kueleza jinsi zinavyokusanywa.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Mwaka 2010, DGR-NK ilikuwa na vituo saba vya mapato: [[Goma]], [[Wilaya ya Rutshuru|Rutshuru]], [[Wilaya ya Walikale|Walikale]], [[Wilaya ya Masisi|Masisi]], [[Butembo]], [[Beni (mji)|Beni]] na [[Wilaya ya Lubero|Lubero]].<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Mwaka 2026, ina pia kituo cha Butembo II.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lubero : un nouveau chef de centre nommé à la DGR/NK|url=https://www.radiomoto.net/2026/08/20/lubero-un-nouveau-chef-de-centre-nomme-a-la-dgr-nk/|website=Radio Moto|date=2026-08-20|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Kodi kuu za mkoa ni kodi ya ardhi na majengo, kodi ya mapato ya kukodisha nyumba na kodi ya magari.<ref name="memoireonline-2" /> Mwaka 2023, DGR-NK iliwapa walipa kodi muda hadi tarehe 15 Novemba ili walipe stika ya magari na ada nyingine za usafiri.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Recouvrement de la vignette et autres taxes par la DGR-NK : les assujettis ont jusqu'au 15 novembre pour s'acquitter|url=https://congorassure.cd/societe/2023/10/28/recouvrement-de-la-vignette-et-autres-taxes-par-la-dgr-nk-les-assujettis-ont|website=CongoRassure|date=2023-10-28|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Uongozi == * Bauma Serenge Célestin: Mkurugenzi Mkuu hadi Aprili 2024.<ref name="actu30">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nord-Kivu : le nouveau directeur général de la DGR-NK prend officiellement ses fonctions|url=https://actu30.cd/2024/04/nord-kivu-le-nouveau-directeur-general-de-la-dgr-nk-prend-officiellement-ses-fonctions/|website=Actu30|date=2024-04-11|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> * Jules Luanda Murairi: Mkurugenzi Mkuu tangu tarehe 10 Aprili 2024. Aliteuliwa na gavana wa kijeshi Peter Cirimwami.<ref name="congoprofond-1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nord-Kivu : Tumusifu Bazungu félicite le nouveau DG de la DGRNK et salue la bravoure de la nouvelle génération|url=https://congoprofond.net/nord-kivu-tumusifu-bazungu-felicite-le-nouveau-dg-de-la-dgrnk-et-salue-la-bravoure-de-la-nouvelle-generation/|website=Congo Profond|date=2024-04-06|language=fr|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref name="actu30" /> == Tazama pia == * [[Kurugenzi Kuu ya Ushuru (DRC)]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://dgrnk.org/ Tovuti rasmi ya DGR-NK] (kwa Kifaransa) {{Authority control}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Goma]] [[Jamii:Mashirika ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Uchumi wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] k3ylfgee9946r284w5ymdrihnkp24f8 0 257342 1615248 2026-11-07T13:11:03Z Grace Daudi 93413 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nakhtubasterau (Nakhtbastetiru)''' alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa Amasis II. Aliishi katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Ishirini na Sita ya Misri. Jina lake lilitolewa kwa heshima ya mungu wa kike [[Bassey Ikpi|Bastet]].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Tyldesley]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Tyldesley</ref> == Wasifu == Nakhtubasterau alikuwa mmoja wa wake wa Farao Amasis II wanaojulikana katika historia.Anajulikana kupitia jiwe la kumbukumbu...' 1615248 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nakhtubasterau (Nakhtbastetiru)''' alikuwa Mke Mkuu wa Kifalme wa Amasis II. Aliishi katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Ishirini na Sita ya Misri. Jina lake lilitolewa kwa heshima ya mungu wa kike [[Bassey Ikpi|Bastet]].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Tyldesley]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joyce_Tyldesley</ref> == Wasifu == Nakhtubasterau alikuwa mmoja wa wake wa Farao Amasis II wanaojulikana katika historia.Anajulikana kupitia jiwe la kumbukumbu lenye maandishi ''(stela)'' lililopatikana katika ''Serapeum ya Saqqara.'' Alikuwa na vyeo vya Mke wa Mfalme, Mpendwa Wake, Mkuu wa Fimbo ya [[Hetepheres (bintimfalme)|Hete]] na Mwenye Sifa Nyingi.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan_Dodson</ref> Alikuwa mama wa wana wawili: * Pasenenkhonsu, mwana wa mfalme aliyetoa jiwe la kumbukumbu la Serapeum. * Jenerali Ahmose aliyezikwa huko Giza. == Mazishi == Nakhtubasterau alizikwa huko [[Giza (Misri)|Giza,]] katika kaburi lililochongwa ndani ya mwamba ambalo kwa sasa lina namba ''G 9550.'' Jeneza lake la ''granite'' nyeusi lenye umbo la mwili wa binadamu kwa sasa linapatikana [[Saint Petersburg]] ''namba 767.'' Alizikwa pamoja na mwanawe Ahmose, ambaye wakati mwingine aliitwa Amasis, aliyekuwa jenerali.Jina la mungu wa kike mwenye umbo la paka, Bastet, lilifutwa kwa kuchongwa kutoka kwenye jeneza la Nakhtubasterau.[https://edoc3.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/lepsius/textb.html]<ref>https://edoc3.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/lepsius/textb.html</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1003]] 6llcbaqutjvoo6akspczgu4ktx167tb 0 257343 1615251 2026-11-07T13:13:23Z CaliBen 33319 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:280px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011'''<br /><small>''بطولة إفريقيا تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم 2011''</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Moroko]] |- ! Tarehe | 26 Novemba – 10 Desemba |- ! Timu | 8 (kutoka shirikisho 1) |- ! Viwanja | 2 (katika miji 2) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwish...' 1615251 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:280px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011'''<br /><small>''بطولة إفريقيا تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم 2011''</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Moroko]] |- ! Tarehe | 26 Novemba – 10 Desemba |- ! Timu | 8 (kutoka shirikisho 1) |- ! Viwanja | 2 (katika miji 2) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Gabon]] (taji la 1) |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pili | [[Moroko]] |- ! style="background:#cc9966" | Mshindi wa tatu | [[Misri]] |- ! Nafasi ya nne | [[Senegal]] |- ! colspan="2" | Takwimu za mashindano |- ! Mechi | 16 |- ! Mabao | 35 (wastani wa 2.19 kwa mechi) |- ! Wafungaji bora | Abdelaziz Barrada ([[Moroko]])<br />Raheem Lawal ([[Nigeria]])<br /><small>(mabao 3 kila mmoja)</small> |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 2015 → |} '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011''' yalikuwa toleo la kwanza la mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] kwa wachezaji walio chini ya umri wa miaka 23, ndani ya [[Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 23]].<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9361788.stm "Football - 2012 Olympic qualifying tournament"]. ''bbc.co.uk''. 14 Januari 2011. Ilitazamwa tarehe 22 Februari 2019.</ref> Awali yalipangwa kuandaliwa na [[Misri]] kuanzia tarehe 26 Novemba hadi 10 Desemba 2011. Hata hivyo, chini ya miezi miwili kabla ya mashindano kuanza, mamlaka za Misri ziliamua kutoyaandaa kwa sababu ya wasiwasi wa usalama.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120425060918/http://s4.filgoal.com/English/News.aspx?NewsID=82791 "Egypt denied from staging Olympic qualifiers"]. FilGoal.com. 10 Oktoba 2011.</ref> Tarehe 13 Oktoba 2011, [[Moroko]] ilichaguliwa kuwa mwenyeji mbadala.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15292442 "Morocco to host Olympic qualifying tournament"]. BBC. 13 Oktoba 2011.</ref> Mashindano haya pia yalikuwa ya kufuzu kwa Mpira wa miguu katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto 2012. Timu tatu bora zilifuzu moja kwa moja kwa mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya Olimpiki ya 2012, huku timu iliyoshika nafasi ya nne ikifuzu kucheza mechi ya mchujo dhidi ya timu kutoka ''Shirikisho la Soka Asia'' (AFC).<ref>[https://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/newsid=1497288/index.html "Egypt hosting Olympic qualifier"]. FIFA ([https://web.archive.org/web/20111026095748/http://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/newsid=1497288/index.html nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 26 Oktoba 2011). Ilitazamwa tarehe 23 Agosti 2011.</ref> == Timu zilizofuzu == [[Shirikisho la Soka Afrika]] liliamua kuanzisha mashindano na hatua ya kufuzu ili kuamua ni vyama vipi vingeiwakilisha Afrika katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya 2012. Kati ya vyama 53 wanachama wa CAF, 39 vilikubali kushiriki katika mechi za kufuzu. Ili kufuzu kwa mashindano, nchi zilizoshiriki zililazimika kuvuka hatua tatu za kufuzu za mikondo miwili. Timu zilizofuzu: * [[Algeria]] * [[Côte d'Ivoire]] * [[Misri]] * [[Gabon]] * [[Moroko]] (mwenyeji) * [[Nigeria]] * [[Senegal]] * [[Afrika Kusini]] == Viwanja == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0.5em auto" |- ! [[Marrakesh]] !! [[Tangier]] |- | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]] || [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]] |- | Uwezo: '''45,000''' || Uwezo: '''45,000''' |- | [[File:Stade de marrakech.jpg|180px]] || [[File:Stade Ibn Batuta, Tanger.jpg|180px]] |} == Droo == Droo ya mashindano ilifanyika tarehe 24 Septemba 2011 wakati wa mkutano wa Kamati Tendaji ya CAF mjini [[Kairo]], Misri.<ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/football/news/11059-egypt-to-host-caf-u-23-championship-serving-as-2012-london-olympic-qualifiers.html "Egypt to host CAF U-23 Championship serving as 2012 London Olympic qualifiers"]. ''cafonline.com''. Shirikisho la Soka Afrika. 22 Agosti 2011.</ref> == Waamuzi == Waamuzi wafuatao walichaguliwa kwa ajili ya mashindano.<ref>[http://fr.cafonline.com/competition/championnat-caf-u-23_2011/referees "Referees"]. ''CAF Online''. Shirikisho la Soka Afrika ([https://web.archive.org/web/20111121190051/http://fr.cafonline.com/competition/championnat-caf-u-23_2011/referees nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 21 Novemba 2011). Ilitazamwa tarehe 29 Agosti 2016.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! style="width:44%" | Waamuzi wa kati !! style="width:44%" | Waamuzi wasaidizi |- style="vertical-align:top" | * Néant Alioum ([[Kamerun]]) * Bakary Gassama ([[Gambia]]) * Sylvester Kirwa ([[Kenya]]) * Hamada Nampiandraza ([[Madagaska]]) * Ali Lemghaifry ([[Mauritania]]) * Bouchaïb El Ahrach ([[Moroko]]) * Slim Jedidi ([[Tunisia]]) * Janny Sikazwe ([[Zambia]]) '''Akiba''' * Joseph Lamptey ([[Ghana]]) * Aboubacar Mario Bangoura ([[Guinea]]) | * Jean-Claude Birumushahu ([[Burundi]]) * Moussa Yanoussa ([[Kamerun]]) * Richard Bouende-Malonga ([[Jamhuri ya Kongo|Kongo]]) * Angesom Ogbamariam ([[Eritrea]]) * Aden Marwa Range ([[Kenya]]) * Moffat Champiti ([[Malawi]]) * Redouane Achik ([[Moroko]]) * Felicien Kabanda ([[Rwanda]]) * Jason Damoo ([[Shelisheli]]) * Anouar Hmila ([[Tunisia]]) '''Akiba''' * Yacin Hassan Egueh ([[Jibuti]]) |} == Vikosi == ''Makala kuu: [[Vikosi vya Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011]]'' == Hatua ya makundi == ''Saa zote ni za hapo nchini ([[UTC]]).'' Timu mbili au zaidi zikilingana kwa pointi, vigezo vifuatavyo vilitumika:<ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/userfiles/file/Regulation/U-23%20Eng.pdf "Regulations of the African U-23 Championship, Morocco 2011"] (PDF). CAF. Ilitazamwa tarehe 30 Novemba 2011. (Tazama kifungu 35.6.)</ref> # Pointi katika mechi kati ya timu husika; # Tofauti ya mabao katika mechi kati ya timu husika; # Idadi ya mabao katika mechi kati ya timu husika; # Tofauti ya mabao katika mechi zote za kundi; # Idadi ya mabao katika mechi zote za kundi; # Pointi za mchezo wa kiungwana (idadi ya kadi za njano na nyekundu); # Kura. === Kundi A === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Nafasi !! style="width:170px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> !! Hatua inayofuata |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Senegal]] || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 2 || +1 || '''6''' || rowspan="2" style="background:#BBF3BB" | Hatua ya mtoano |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Moroko]] <small>'''(M)'''</small> || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 1 || +1 || '''6''' |- | 3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Nigeria]] || 3 || 1 || 0 || 2 || 5 || 4 || +1 || '''3''' || |- | 4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Algeria]] || 3 || 1 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 5 || −3 || '''3''' || |} <small>''(M)'' – Mwenyeji</small> {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 26 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Nigeria]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12103-winning-start-for-morocco.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Moroko]]'''<br /><small>Barrada 28' (pen.)</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Sylvester Kirwa (Kenya) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 26 Novemba 2011<br />20:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Algeria]]'''<br /><small>Benaldjia 77'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/football/news/12113-benaldjia-strike-sinks-senegal.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Senegal]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Néant Alioum (Kamerun) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 29 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Moroko]]'''<br /><small>Tighadouini 59'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12153-morocco-makes-it-two-wins-out-of-two-matches.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Algeria]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 29 Novemba 2011<br />21:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Senegal]]'''<br /><small>Mbodj 34'<br />Sané 42'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12163-senegal-beat-nigeria-to-claim-first-win.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Nigeria]]<br /><small>Uchechi 49'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Slim Jedidi (Tunisia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 2 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Nigeria]]'''<br /><small>Lawal 47', 75', 85'<br />Uchechi 87'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''4–1''' | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Algeria]]<br /><small>Bounedjah 42'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Bakary Papa Gassama (Gambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 2 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Moroko]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12216-senegal-beats-morocco-as-both-sides-qualify-for-semis.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Senegal]]'''<br /><small>Wade 31'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Hamada Nampiandraza (Madagaska) |} === Kundi B === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Nafasi !! style="width:170px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> !! Hatua inayofuata |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Misri]] || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 1 || +2 || '''6''' || rowspan="2" style="background:#BBF3BB" | Hatua ya mtoano |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Gabon]] || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 4 || 3 || +1 || '''4''' |- | 3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 4 || −1 || '''4''' || |- | 4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Afrika Kusini]] || 3 || 0 || 2 || 1 || 2 || 4 || −2 || '''2''' || |} {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 27 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br /><small>Magdi 50'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12124-egypt-u-23-victorious-in-marrakech.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Gabon]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Bakary Papa Gassama (Gambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 27 Novemba 2011<br />20:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Afrika Kusini]]<br /><small>Bhengu 21'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12131-south-africa-and-cote-d-ivoire-play-out-an-entertaining-draw.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]]<br /><small>Griffiths 81'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Bouchaïb El Ahrach (Moroko) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 30 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Gabon]]<br /><small>Lengoualama 80'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12191-south-africa-and-gabon-settle-for-a-stalemate-in-marrakech.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Afrika Kusini]]<br /><small>Masango 40'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Ali Ould Lemghaifry (Mauritania) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 30 Novemba 2011<br />20:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Côte d'Ivoire]]'''<br /><small>Koné 82'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12193-cote-d-ivoire-in-narrow-win-over-egypt.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Misri]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Hamada Nampiandraza (Madagaska) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 3 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br /><small>El Nenny 46'<br />Mohsen 63'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12243-egypt-through-to-semi-final-after-victory-over-south-africa.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Afrika Kusini]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 3 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br /><small>Ndong Mba 46', 49' (pen.)<br />Yacouya 78'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''3–1''' | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]]<br /><small>Traoré 30'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Slim Jedidi (Tunisia) |} == Hatua ya mtoano == ''Saa zote ni za hapo nchini ([[UTC+1]]).'' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | Nusu fainali !! colspan="2" | Fainali (10 Desemba) |- | style="text-align:left" | 6 Desemba · [[Senegal]] || 0 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br />[[Moroko]] || rowspan="2" | '''2'''<br />1 |- | style="text-align:left" | '''[[Gabon]]''' <small>(b.m.n.)</small> || '''1''' |- | style="text-align:left" | 7 Desemba · [[Misri]] || 2 || colspan="2" style="background:#eaecf0" | '''Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu (10 Desemba)''' |- | style="text-align:left" | '''[[Moroko]]''' || '''3''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Senegal]]<br />'''[[Misri]]''' || 0<br />'''2''' |} === Nusu fainali === {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 6 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Senegal]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–1 <small>(b.m.n.)</small>'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12280-gabon-marches-into-the-u-23-championship-final-as-the-fairy-tale-continues.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br /><small>Poko 119'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 7 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Misri]]<br /><small>Salah 36'<br />Shroyda 82'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–3'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12299-morocco-through-to-the-final-after-edging-egypt-in-a-thrilling-semi-final.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Moroko]]'''<br /><small>Barrada 1', 9'<br />Mokhtar 66'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Néant Alioum (Kamerun) |} === Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu === {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 10 Desemba 2011<br />14:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Senegal]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–2'''<br /><small>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130811163228/http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12333-egypt-finish-third-after-beating-senegal.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br /><small>Shroyda 32'<br />Gomaa 68'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Slim Jedidi (Tunisia) |} === Fainali === {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 10 Desemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br /><small>Obiang 33'<br />Nono 40'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12336-gabon-crowned-caf-u-23-african-champions.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Moroko]]<br /><small>Mokhtar 21'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Watazamaji: 15,000<br />Mwamuzi: Hamada Nampiandraza (Madagaska) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; width:30%" |- ! Bingwa wa Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011 |- | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br />'''Taji la 1''' |} == Kikosi bora == Kikosi bora cha mashindano pamoja na wachezaji wa akiba:<ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12337-best-eleven-caf-u-23-african-championship-2011.html "Best eleven CAF U-23 African Championship 2011"]. ''CAF Online''. Shirikisho la Soka Afrika. 10 Desemba 2011. Ilitazamwa tarehe 14 Desemba 2011.</ref> * '''Kipa:''' Ahmed El Shenawy ([[Misri]]) * '''Mabeki:''' Mahan Marc Goua ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]), Moaz El-Henawy ([[Misri]]), Remy Ebanega ([[Gabon]]), Zakarya Bergdich ([[Moroko]]) * '''Viungo:''' Sameehg Doutie ([[Afrika Kusini]]), Hossam Hassan ([[Misri]]), Abdelaziz Barrada ([[Moroko]]), Raheem Lawal ([[Nigeria]]) * '''Washambuliaji:''' Youness Mokhtar ([[Moroko]]), Abdoulaye Sané ([[Senegal]]) * '''Akiba:''' Ousmane Mané ([[Senegal]], kipa); Ahmed Hegazy na Mohamed Salah ([[Misri]]); Allen Nono ([[Gabon]]); Laglais Xavier Kouassi na Jean Michael Seri ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]); Soufiane Bidaoui na Adnane Tighadouini ([[Moroko]]); Danny Uchechi ([[Nigeria]]); Mohamed Chalali ([[Algeria]]) == Wafungaji == ;Mabao 3 * Abdelaziz Barrada ([[Moroko]]) * Raheem Lawal ([[Nigeria]]) ;Mabao 2 * Ahmed Shroyda ([[Misri]]) * Emmanuel Ndong Mba ([[Gabon]]) * Youness Mokhtar ([[Moroko]]) * Danny Uchechi ([[Nigeria]]) ;Bao 1 * Mehdi Benaldjia ([[Algeria]]) * Baghdad Bounedjah ([[Algeria]]) * Georges Henri Griffiths ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]) * Moussa Koné ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]) * Lacina Traoré ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]) * Ahmed Magdi ([[Misri]]) * Marwan Mohsen ([[Misri]]) * Mohamed Elneny ([[Misri]]) * Mohamed Salah ([[Misri]]) * Saleh Gomaa ([[Misri]]) * Johan Diderot Lengoualama ([[Gabon]]) * Allen Nono ([[Gabon]]) * Landry Obiang Obiang ([[Gabon]]) * André Biyogo Poko ([[Gabon]]) * Lionel Yacouya ([[Gabon]]) * Adnane Tighadouini ([[Moroko]]) * Kara Mbodj ([[Senegal]]) * Abdoulaye Sané ([[Senegal]]) * Omar Wade ([[Senegal]]) * Phumelele Bhengu ([[Afrika Kusini]]) * Mandla Masango ([[Afrika Kusini]]) == Ukosoaji == Baadhi ya watu walihoji haja ya kuwa na mashindano haya, wakiamini kwamba mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya vijana chini ya miaka 23 ya [[Michezo ya Afrika 2011]] yangetumika kama mashindano ya kufuzu. Kuongezeka kwa idadi ya mechi za timu za taifa za vijana chini ya miaka 23 kulisababisha ratiba za baadhi ya ligi za ndani kubadilishwa, na baadhi ya mechi za ligi zilichezwa na timu zilizodhoofika.<ref>[http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8557 "Who is fooling who?"]. Botswana Gazette. 26 Januari 2011 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20120322113440/http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8557 nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 22 Machi 2012). Ilitazamwa tarehe 10 Aprili 2011.</ref> Pia kulikuwa na ukosoaji kutoka kwa mashabiki dhidi ya klabu ambazo hazikuwaruhusu wachezaji wao kushiriki hatua za kufuzu, kwa sababu mashindano haya hayamo kwenye kalenda ya [[FIFA]] ilhali mashindano ya Olimpiki yamo. Kwa maana hiyo, nchi za Afrika zinaweza kuwaita wachezaji wanaocheza Ulaya kwa mashindano ya Olimpiki, ingawa hawakuweza kushiriki hatua za kufuzu kwa sababu ya majukumu ya klabu zao.<ref>[http://www.michezoafrika.com/Harambee%20Stars/Ghanas-U-23-soccer-team-transit-through-Nairobi/1388.aspx "Ghana's U-23 soccer team transit through Nairobi"]. MichezoAfrika.com. 7 Aprili 2011. Ilitazamwa tarehe 10 Aprili 2011.</ref> == Timu zilizofuzu kwa Michezo ya Olimpiki == Timu zifuatazo kutoka CAF zilifuzu kwa [[Mpira wa miguu katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto 2012|mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya wanaume ya Olimpiki ya 2012]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Timu !! Ilifuzu tarehe !! Ushiriki wa awali katika [[Mpira wa miguu katika Michezo ya Olimpiki|Michezo ya Olimpiki]] |- | [[Gabon]] || 6 Desemba 2011<ref name="GABMAR">[https://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/Gabon-and-Maroct-earn-London-2012-berths "Gabon-and-Maroc-earn-London-2012 berths"]. FIFA.com. 17 Desemba 2011 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110910173004/https://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/Gabon-and-Marooc-earn-London-2012-berths nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 10 Septemba 2011).</ref> || 0 (mara ya kwanza) |- | [[Moroko]] || 6 Desemba 2011 || 6 (1964, 1972, 1984, 1992, 2000, 2004) |- | [[Misri]] || 10 Desemba 2011<ref name="GABMAR" /> || 10 (1920, 1924, 1928, 1936, 1948, 1952, 1960, 1964, 1984, 1992) |- | [[Senegal]] || 23 Aprili 2012 || 0 (mara ya kwanza) |} == Marejeo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/results Mashindano ya CAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23] – matokeo [[Jamii:Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] 9wyo11hi0kw9g1drovvxg4zmd7uuxyl 0 257344 1615253 2026-11-07T13:14:24Z Ester Gasper Kimario 70787 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thabane Sutu''' ni kocha wa soka na mchezaji wa zamani kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Alianza safari yake ya soka nchini Lesotho, kabla ya kwenda kucheza katika klabu ya [[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]] nchini [[Misri]]. Akiwa katika klabu ya Al Ahly, Sutu pia alikuwa nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya Lesotho kuanzia mwaka [[1994]] hadi [[1997]]. Kwa sasa, ni kocha mkuu wa timu ya soka ya shule ya ''Louisville Trinity High Schoo''l nchini [[Marekani]]. Kabla ya hapo, aliwahi kuw...' 1615253 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thabane Sutu''' ni kocha wa soka na mchezaji wa zamani kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Alianza safari yake ya soka nchini Lesotho, kabla ya kwenda kucheza katika klabu ya [[Al Ahly SC|Al Ahly]] nchini [[Misri]]. Akiwa katika klabu ya Al Ahly, Sutu pia alikuwa nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya Lesotho kuanzia mwaka [[1994]] hadi [[1997]]. Kwa sasa, ni kocha mkuu wa timu ya soka ya shule ya ''Louisville Trinity High Schoo''l nchini [[Marekani]]. Kabla ya hapo, aliwahi kuwa kocha wa makipa chini ya kocha mkuu James O'Connor katika klabu ya Orlando City inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya Marekani (MLS), na Louisville City inayoshiriki Ligi ya USL. <ref>{{cite web|last1=Kernen|first1=Kevin|title=Thabane Sutu’s Winding, Winning Path|url=http://extolsports.com/thabane-sutus-winding-winning-path/|website=extolsports.com|publisher=Extol Magazine|accessdate=6 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108211634/http://extolsports.com/thabane-sutus-winding-winning-path/|archivedate=8 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ask Thabane Sutu|url=http://molaposportscentre.blogspot.com/p/ask-thabane-sutu.html|website=Molapo Sports Centre|accessdate=6 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206221930/http://molaposportscentre.blogspot.com/p/ask-thabane-sutu.html|archivedate=6 February 2019|date=3 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=LouCity And Goalkeeping Coach Thabane Sutu Agree To Part Ways|url=https://www.louisvillecityfc.com/news_article/show/932301|website=louisvillecityfc.com|publisher=USL Network|accessdate=7 February 2019|date=6 July 2018}}</ref> == Historia ya Ukocha == Mwaka [[1998]], Sutu alistaafu rasmi kucheza soka na kurejea katika klabu ya Arsenal nchini Lesotho akiwa kocha wa timu za vijana. Hata hivyo, baada ya kukaa kwa miezi kadhaa katika klabu hiyo aliyokulia, aliamua kuhamia Marekani pamoja na mchumba wake wa wakati huo. Akiwa huko, alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Louisville kusomea taaluma ya fiziolojia ya mazoezi ya mwili. Mwaka [[2001]], Sutu alirejea katika soka akiwa mkurugenzi wa ufundi na kocha wa timu za vijana katika klabu ya United [[1996]] iliyopo Louisville, [[Marekani]]. Kupitia kazi yake katika klabu hiyo ya vijana, alitunukiwa tuzo ya Kocha Bora wa Mwaka wa jimbo la Kentucky mwaka [[2006]]. Pia aliiongoza timu yake kushinda ubingwa wa mashindano ya vijana ya jimbo la Kentucky mwaka [[2009]]. Mwaka [[2015]], Sutu alijiunga na klabu ya Louisville City FC katika msimu wake wa kwanza wa kushiriki ligi ya USL, akiwa kocha wa makipa. Baada ya kuifikisha timu hiyo katika fainali za Kanda ya Mashariki ya USL kwa misimu mitatu mfululizo na kushinda ubingwa wa USL mwaka [[2017]], Sutu aliondoka Louisville City FC majira ya joto ya mwaka 2018. Alijiunga na aliyekuwa kocha mkuu wa zamani wa Louisville City FC, James O'Connor, akiwa kocha wa makipa katika klabu ya Orlando City inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Soka ya Marekani (MLS). Mwezi [[Agosti]] [[2018]], Sutu aliingizwa rasmi katika Ukumbi wa Heshima wa Soka wa Kentucky kutokana na mchango wake katika klabu za United 1996 na Louisville City FC. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Makocha]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 28b3easudi21z1shwe91uqp89uo56yb 0 257345 1615254 2026-11-07T13:15:57Z ANTONY ILDEFONS 74003 Makala mpya 1615254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF''' ya Wachezaji wa [[Mpira]] wa [[Mguu|Miguu]] walio [[Chin Injeti|chini]] ya [[umri]] wa miaka 17 ya mwaka 2014 yalikuwa toleo la 10 la Mashindano ya UNAF U-17. Mashindano hayo yalifanyika nchini [[moroko]] kuanzia tarehe 21 hadi 23 Machi 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt wins UNAF U-17 tourney|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=kLoUkhXSqqbU1hObbjpnlw%3D%3D|work=www.cafonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=CAF - Confederation of African Football}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Egypt wins UNAF U-17 tourney|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=kLoUkhXSqqbU1hObbjpnlw%3D%3D|work=www.cafonline.com|accessdate=2026-11-07|language=en-US|author=CAF - Confederation of African Football}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Moroko]] q6tqlfgljpx8ofe73r1ns4p57er3gmz 0 257346 1615255 2026-11-07T13:16:40Z Advela jackson 93791 kuanzisha makala 1615255 wikitext text/x-wiki Kombe la COSAFA U-20 la mwaka 2016 lillilokuwa toleo la 23 la mashindano ya soka kwa vijana chini ya miaka 20, yaliyoshirikisha timu za taifa kutoka nchi wanachama wa COSAFA katika ukanda wa Kusini mwa Afrika.Mnamo Aprili 2016, ilitangazwa kuwa Afrika Kusini ndiyo ingekuwa mwenyeji wa mashindano hayo.hayo yalihusisha wachezaji waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari 1997 au kabla yake, ili kuhakikisha wanastahili pia kushiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa vijana chini ya miaka 20 la mwaka 2017<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sport Sponsorship Announcement and Stock Returns: A Meta-Analytic Review|url=https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3751134|work=doi.org|date=2020|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Youngbum Kwon, T. Bettina Cornwell}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika]] 13bugsl0h45iah5mkeooaay54d7wi0a 1615291 1615255 2026-11-07T14:24:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615291 wikitext text/x-wiki Kombe la COSAFA U-20 la mwaka 2016 lillilokuwa toleo la 23 la mashindano ya soka kwa vijana chini ya miaka 20, yaliyoshirikisha timu za taifa kutoka nchi wanachama wa COSAFA katika ukanda wa Kusini mwa Afrika.Mnamo Aprili 2016, ilitangazwa kuwa Afrika Kusini ndiyo ingekuwa mwenyeji wa mashindano hayo.hayo yalihusisha wachezaji waliozaliwa tarehe 1 Januari 1997 au kabla yake, ili kuhakikisha wanastahili pia kushiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa vijana chini ya miaka 20 la mwaka 2017<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sport Sponsorship Announcement and Stock Returns: A Meta-Analytic Review|url=https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3751134|work=doi.org|date=2020|accessdate=2026-11-07|author=Youngbum Kwon, T. Bettina Cornwell}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mbegu michezo]] [[Jamii:Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika]] 1f17azyoaku2y90onw417332bnqfntq 0 257347 1615258 2026-11-07T13:17:56Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eric Bhamuza “Scara” Sono''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1937]] – alifariki mwaka [[1964]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa klabu ya ''Orlando Pirates''. Alikuwa baba wa [[Jomo Sono]] na Alifariki katika ajali ya gari akiwa na umri wa miaka 27, wakati Jomo akiwa na umri wa miaka 8<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sunday World|url=http://www.sundayworld.co.za/Home/Article.aspx?id=1000876|work=www.sundayworld.co.za|access...' 1615258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Bhamuza “Scara” Sono''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1937]] – alifariki mwaka [[1964]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa klabu ya ''Orlando Pirates''. Alikuwa baba wa [[Jomo Sono]] na Alifariki katika ajali ya gari akiwa na umri wa miaka 27, wakati Jomo akiwa na umri wa miaka 8<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sunday World|url=http://www.sundayworld.co.za/Home/Article.aspx?id=1000876|work=www.sundayworld.co.za|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] jenqi1w8w5szrvto6u41mqbkuwuto1n 1615437 1615258 2026-11-07T21:56:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615437 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Bhamuza “Scara” Sono''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1937]] – alifariki mwaka [[1964]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa klabu ya ''Orlando Pirates''. Alikuwa baba wa [[Jomo Sono]] na Alifariki katika ajali ya gari akiwa na umri wa miaka 27, wakati Jomo akiwa na umri wa miaka 8<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sunday World|url=http://www.sundayworld.co.za/Home/Article.aspx?id=1000876|work=www.sundayworld.co.za|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] bcig95fass3zkiat3a8iltar2u9g13e 0 257348 1615259 2026-11-07T13:17:59Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026 | image = [[Picha:Dakar 2026 Summer Youth Olympic Games.svg|180px]] | caption = Nembo rasmi ya michezo | label1 = Nchi mwenyeji | data1 = [[Senegal]] | label2 = Miji | data2 = [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]], [[Saly Portudal|Saly]] | label3 = Tarehe | data3 = 31 Oktoba – 13 Novemba 2026 | label4 = Kamati za kitaifa | data4 = 204, pamoja na Timu ya Wakimbizi | label5 = Wanariadha | data5 = takriban 2,650 |...' 1615259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026 | image = [[Picha:Dakar 2026 Summer Youth Olympic Games.svg|180px]] | caption = Nembo rasmi ya michezo | label1 = Nchi mwenyeji | data1 = [[Senegal]] | label2 = Miji | data2 = [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]], [[Saly Portudal|Saly]] | label3 = Tarehe | data3 = 31 Oktoba – 13 Novemba 2026 | label4 = Kamati za kitaifa | data4 = 204, pamoja na Timu ya Wakimbizi | label5 = Wanariadha | data5 = takriban 2,650 | label6 = Michezo | data6 = 25 | label7 = Matukio | data7 = 151 | label8 = Uwanja mkuu | data8 = Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade | label9 = Maskoti | data9 = [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]] | label10 = Iliyotangulia | data10 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2018 | label11 = Inayofuata | data11 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2030 }} '''Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026''' ni toleo la nne la Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana ya majira ya joto. Michezo hii inafanyika nchini [[Senegal]], kuanzia tarehe 31 Oktoba hadi 13 Novemba 2026. Inafanyika katika maeneo matatu: [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]] na [[Saly Portudal|Saly]]. Ni mara ya kwanza kwa michezo ya Olimpiki kufanyika barani [[Afrika]]. Wanariadha takriban 2,650 wanashiriki. Wanashindana katika matukio 151 ya michezo 25. == Historia == === Uchaguzi wa mwenyeji === [[Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Olimpiki]] (IOC) ilitafuta nchi ya Afrika ili iandae michezo hii. Mwaka 2018, miji minne ilikuwa kwenye orodha: [[Gaborone]] ([[Botswana]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), [[Abuja]] ([[Nigeria]]) na [[Tunis]] ([[Tunisia]]).<ref name="cand">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://gamesbids.com/eng/youth-olympic-bids/botswana-nigeria-senegal-and-tunisia-remain-in-race-to-host-2022-youth-olympics-but-tunisian-suspension-remains-unclear/ |title=Botswana, Nigeria, Senegal and Tunisia Remain In Race To Host 2022 Youth Olympics |website=GamesBids.com |date=2018-07-18 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Tarehe 8 Oktoba 2018, IOC ilichagua Senegal. Uamuzi huo ulifanywa jijini [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="sen">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013134/https://www.lesechos.fr/sport/omnisport/afp-00662442-cio-le-senegal-designe-pour-organiser-les-joj-2022-2211845.php |title=CIO : le Sénégal désigné pour organiser les JOJ-2022 |website=Les Echos |date=2018-10-08 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Kuahirishwa === Awali, michezo ilipangwa kufanyika mwaka 2022. Tarehe 15 Julai 2020, IOC na Senegal zilikubaliana kuihamishia mwaka 2026. Sababu ni [[Mlipuko wa virusi vya korona 2019-20|janga la UVIKO-19]]. Janga hilo lilisababisha mashindano mengi ya michezo kuahirishwa.<ref name="rep">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://olympics.com/cio/news/le-senegal-et-le-cio-conviennent-de-reporter-a-2026-les-jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2022 |title=Le Sénégal et le CIO conviennent de reporter à 2026 les Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2022 |website=olympics.com |date=2020-07-15 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Maandalizi == === Maskoti === [[Picha:Ayo Mascotte Dakar 2026 (cropped).png|thumb|right|upright=0.7|Ayo, maskoti ya michezo]] Maskoti ya michezo hii ni [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]]. Ayo ni [[simba]] mdogo. Alizinduliwa tarehe 31 Oktoba 2025, mwaka mmoja kabla ya michezo.<ref name="ayo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/j-365-dakar-2026-presente-ayo-sa-mascotte-officielle |title=J–365 : Dakar 2026 présente "Ayo", sa mascotte officielle |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Wimbo rasmi === Wimbo rasmi wa michezo hii unaitwa « Teranga ». Unaimbwa na mwimbaji wa Senegal Mamy Mbaye. Ulizinduliwa tarehe 23 Julai 2026.<ref name="ter">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/actualite/decouvrez-teranga-la-chanson-officielle-des-joj-dakar-2026 |title=Découvrez "Teranga", la chanson officielle des JOJ Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2026-07-23 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Neno « teranga » ni la [[Kiwolofu]]. Linamaanisha ukarimu kwa wageni na kushirikiana.<ref name="aps">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://aps.sn/teranga-lhymne-des-joj-dakar-2026-symbolise-lhospitalite-le-partage-et-louverture-a-lautre-cojoj/ |title="Teranga", l’hymne des JOJ Dakar 2026, symbolise "l’hospitalité, le partage et l’ouverture à l’autre" (COJOJ) |website=Agence de presse sénégalaise |date=2026-07-24 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Viwanja vya mashindano === [[Picha:DakarPiscine.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.9|Bwawa la kuogelea la Olimpiki la Dakar]] Mashindano yanafanyika katika maeneo matatu. Eneo la kwanza ni Dakar, mji mkuu wa Senegal. Eneo la pili ni [[Diamniadio]], mji mpya. Eneo la tatu ni Saly, mji wa kitalii ulio kando ya bahari.<ref name="rfi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rfi.fr/sports/20190206-est-le-senegal-trois-ans-jeux-olympiques-jeunesse-2022 |title=Où en est le Sénégal, à trois ans des Jeux olympiques de la jeunesse 2022 ? |website=RFI |date=2019-02-06 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2" |+ Baadhi ya viwanja vya mashindano<ref name="cgtn">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://newsaf.cgtn.com/news/2026-04-03/Senegal-racing-against-time-to-deliver-Africa-s-first-ever-Olympics-1M11XmrQWVW/p.html |title=Senegal racing against time to deliver Africa's first ever Olympics |website=CGTN Africa |date=2026-04-03 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mji !! Kiwanja !! Michezo |- | rowspan="2" | [[Dakar]] || Uwanja wa Iba Mar Diop || Riadha, ndondi, futsal (mechi za awali), raga ya wachezaji saba |- | Kituo cha Olimpiki cha Tour de l'Œuf || Kuogelea, mpira wa kikapu 3x3, Baseball5, skateboarding |- | rowspan="2" | [[Diamniadio]] || Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade || Sherehe ya ufunguzi, kurusha mishale |- | Dakar Arena || Fainali za mpira wa kikapu na futsal |} == Sherehe == [[Picha:JOJ Dakar 2026 - le groupe Ndawrabine de Bargny.jpg|thumb|left|Ziara ya mwenge wa Olimpiki huko Bargny]] Sherehe ya ufunguzi ilifanyika tarehe 31 Oktoba 2026. Ilifanyika katika Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade, Diamniadio.<ref name="open">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/ioc/news/dakar-2026-youth-olympic-games-open-in-historic-first-for-africa |title=Dakar 2026 Youth Olympic Games open in historic first for Africa |website=olympics.com |date=2026-10-31 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo itafungwa tarehe 13 Novemba 2026.<ref name="open" /> == Nchi zinazoshiriki == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1.5em" |+ Michezo 25 na idadi ya matukio<ref name="pdf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/Olympic-Games/Youth-Olympic-Games/Dakar-2026/2024-12-Dakar-2026-Event-Programme.pdf |title=Official programme of the Youth Olympic Games Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2024-12-05 |language=en |format=PDF |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mchezo !! Matukio |- | [[Riadha]] || style="text-align:center" | 36 |- | [[Kuogelea]] || style="text-align:center" | 28 |- | [[Taekwondo]] || style="text-align:center" | 11 |- | Ndondi || style="text-align:center" | 10 |- | [[Judo]] || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Mieleka ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Fencing || style="text-align:center" | 6 |- | Jimnastiki ya kisanii || style="text-align:center" | 5 |- | Mbio za baiskeli barabarani || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Wushu || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Kurusha mishale || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Kupiga makasia ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Tenisi ya meza || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Badminton || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Breaking || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Futsal || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Raga ya wachezaji saba || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Skateboarding || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Triathlon || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Windsurfing || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Baseball5 || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- | Michezo ya farasi || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- ! Jumla !! 151 |} Wanariadha wanatoka kamati za Olimpiki za kitaifa 204.<ref name="open" /> Timu ya Olimpiki ya Wakimbizi pia inashiriki. Ni mara ya kwanza timu hiyo kushiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Timu hiyo ina wanariadha sita.<ref name="ref6">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/six-athletes-representeront-l-equipe-olympique-des-refugies-aux-joj-de-dakar-2026 |title=Six athlètes représenteront l'équipe olympique des réfugiés aux JOJ de Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Michezo == Mwezi Juni 2024, IOC ilibadilisha namna ya kupanga programu ya michezo. Mashindano yanafanyika katika michezo 25. Michezo mingine 10 inatangazwa kupitia shughuli mbalimbali. Michezo hiyo 10 haina mashindano.<ref name="prog">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2026-premiers-beneficiaires-de-l-evolution-de-l-approche-adoptee-pour-le-programme-des-sports-aux-joj |title=Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2026 : premiers bénéficiaires de l'évolution de l'approche adoptée pour le programme des sports aux JOJ |website=olympics.com |date=2024-06-13 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwezi Desemba 2024, programu ya michezo ilithibitishwa. Ina matukio 151. Matukio 72 ni ya wanaume. Matukio 72 ni ya wanawake. Matukio 7 ni ya mchanganyiko. Idadi ya wanaume na wanawake ni sawa.<ref name="quo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/les-epreuves-et-les-quotas-d-athletes-de-dakar-2026-approuves-par-la-commission-executive-du-cio |title=Les épreuves et les quotas d'athlètes de Dakar 2026 approuvés par la commission exécutive du CIO |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo 10 ya kutangazwa ni: kuendesha mitumbwi, kupanda miamba, [[gofu]], kunyanyua vitu vizito, hoki, [[karate]], pentathlon ya kisasa, kuteleza kwenye mawimbi, [[tenisi]] na kulenga shabaha. Michezo hiyo haitoi medali huko Dakar.<ref name="prog" /> Riadha ina matukio mengi zaidi: matukio 36. Kuogelea inafuata, ikiwa na matukio 28. Taekwondo ina matukio 11. Ndondi ina matukio 10.<ref name="pdf" /> Michezo mitatu inashiriki kwa mara ya kwanza katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Michezo hiyo ni wushu, Baseball5 na skateboarding.<ref name="star">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2026/11/01/urgent-4th-youth-olympic-games-opens-in-dakar-senegal |title=Urgent: 4th Youth Olympic Games opens in Dakar, Senegal |website=The Star |date=2026-11-01 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo kadhaa inachezwa kwenye mchanga. Ndivyo ilivyo kwa voliboli, mpira wa mikono na mieleka.<ref name="pdf" /> == Ratiba == Jedwali lifuatalo linaonyesha siku ambazo kila mchezo unachezwa. Linaonyesha pia siku za matukio ya medali.<ref name="prog-site">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/en/programme-sportif/ |title=Competition Programme |website=Dakar 2026 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> <div style="text-align:center"> {|class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; position:relative; width:90%;" |- |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#00cc33; text-align:center;"|'''OC'''||Sherehe ya ufunguzi |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#3399ff; text-align:center;"|●||Mashindano |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ffcc00; text-align:center;"|'''1'''||Matukio ya medali |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ee3333; text-align:center;"|'''CC'''||Sherehe ya kufunga |} </div> {{sticky header}} {|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; line-height:1.1em; width:90%; text-align:center;" |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Olympic Rings Icon.svg|20px]] Sherehe <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#00cc33;"|'''OC''' <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ee3333|'''CC''' <!--Events-->|{{N/A}} |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Coastal rowing pictogram.svg|20px]] Kupiga makasia ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:3x3 basketball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00|'''2''' <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Athletics pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Riadha]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''12''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''14''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''36''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Badminton pictogram.svg|20px]] Badminton <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Baseball5 pictogram.svg|20px]] Baseball5 <!-- 30-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach handball pictogram.svg|20px]] Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach volleyball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Boxing pictogram.svg|20px]] Ndondi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''10''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Breakdancing pictogram.svg|20px]] Breaking <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Cycling (road) pictogram.svg|20px]] Mbio za baiskeli barabarani <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Equestrian pictogram.svg|20px]] Michezo ya farasi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Fencing pictogram.svg|20px]] Fencing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!--Events-->|'''6''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Futsal pictogram.svg|20px]] Futsal <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg|20px]] Jimnastiki ya kisanii <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''5''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Judo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Judo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach wrestling pictogram.svg|20px]] Mieleka ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Swimming pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Kuogelea]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''6''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''28''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Sailing pictogram.svg|20px]] Windsurfing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Rugby sevens pictogram.svg|20px]] Raga ya wachezaji saba <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Skateboarding pictogram.svg|20px]] Skateboarding <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Table tennis pictogram.svg|20px]] Tenisi ya meza <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Taekwondo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Taekwondo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''11''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Archery pictogram.svg|20px]] Kurusha mishale <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Triathlon pictogram.svg|20px]] Triathlon <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Wushu pictogram.svg|20px]] Wushu <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- style="text-align:center;line-height:1em;" ! colspan=2|Matukio ya medali <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 9 <!-- 3-->! 16 <!-- 4-->! 9 <!-- 5-->! 10 <!-- 6-->! 6 <!-- 7-->! 4 <!-- 8-->! 20 <!-- 9-->! 20 <!-- 10-->! 23 <!-- 11-->! 6 <!-- 12-->! 15 <!-- 13-->! 5 |rowspan=2|'''151''' |- ! colspan=2|Jumla ya pamoja <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 17 <!-- 3-->! 33 <!-- 4-->! 42 <!-- 5-->! 52 <!-- 6-->! 58 <!-- 7-->! 62 <!-- 8-->! 82 <!-- 9-->! 102 <!-- 10-->! 125 <!-- 11-->! 131 <!-- 12-->! 146 <!-- 13-->! 151 |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026 Dakar 2026] – ''olympics.com'' (kwa Kifaransa) {{Commons category|2026 Summer Youth Olympics}} [[Jamii:Michezo ya Olimpiki]] [[Jamii:Senegal]] [[Jamii:2026]] ero441lckwspvk0bwhcxh46j3582q23 1615263 1615259 2026-11-07T13:21:37Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026 | image = [[Picha:Dakar 2026 Summer Youth Olympic Games.svg|180px]] | caption = Nembo rasmi ya michezo | label1 = Nchi mwenyeji | data1 = [[Senegal]] | label2 = Miji | data2 = [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]], [[Saly Portudal|Saly]] | label3 = Tarehe | data3 = 31 Oktoba – 13 Novemba 2026 | label4 = Kamati za kitaifa | data4 = 204, pamoja na Timu ya Wakimbizi | label5 = Wanariadha | data5 = takriban 2,650 | label6 = Michezo | data6 = 25 | label7 = Matukio | data7 = 151 | label8 = Uwanja mkuu | data8 = Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade | label9 = Maskoti | data9 = [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]] | label10 = Iliyotangulia | data10 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2018 | label11 = Inayofuata | data11 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2030 }} '''Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026''' ni toleo la nne la Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana ya majira ya joto. Michezo hii inafanyika nchini [[Senegal]], kuanzia tarehe 31 Oktoba hadi 13 Novemba 2026. Inafanyika katika maeneo matatu: [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]] na [[Saly Portudal|Saly]]. Ni mara ya kwanza kwa michezo ya Olimpiki kufanyika barani [[Afrika]]. Wanariadha takriban 2,650 wanashiriki. Wanashindana katika matukio 151 ya michezo 25. == Historia == === Uchaguzi wa mwenyeji === [[Picha:Ayo Mascotte Dakar 2026 (cropped).png|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Ayo, maskoti ya michezo]] [[Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Olimpiki]] (IOC) ilitafuta nchi ya Afrika ili iandae michezo hii. Mwaka 2018, miji minne ilikuwa kwenye orodha: [[Gaborone]] ([[Botswana]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), [[Abuja]] ([[Nigeria]]) na [[Tunis]] ([[Tunisia]]).<ref name="cand">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://gamesbids.com/eng/youth-olympic-bids/botswana-nigeria-senegal-and-tunisia-remain-in-race-to-host-2022-youth-olympics-but-tunisian-suspension-remains-unclear/ |title=Botswana, Nigeria, Senegal and Tunisia Remain In Race To Host 2022 Youth Olympics |website=GamesBids.com |date=2018-07-18 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Tarehe 8 Oktoba 2018, IOC ilichagua Senegal. Uamuzi huo ulifanywa jijini [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="sen">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013134/https://www.lesechos.fr/sport/omnisport/afp-00662442-cio-le-senegal-designe-pour-organiser-les-joj-2022-2211845.php |title=CIO : le Sénégal désigné pour organiser les JOJ-2022 |website=Les Echos |date=2018-10-08 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Kuahirishwa === Awali, michezo ilipangwa kufanyika mwaka 2022. Tarehe 15 Julai 2020, IOC na Senegal zilikubaliana kuihamishia mwaka 2026. Sababu ni [[Mlipuko wa virusi vya korona 2019-20|janga la UVIKO-19]]. Janga hilo lilisababisha mashindano mengi ya michezo kuahirishwa.<ref name="rep">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://olympics.com/cio/news/le-senegal-et-le-cio-conviennent-de-reporter-a-2026-les-jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2022 |title=Le Sénégal et le CIO conviennent de reporter à 2026 les Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2022 |website=olympics.com |date=2020-07-15 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Maandalizi == === Maskoti === Maskoti ya michezo hii ni [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]]. Ayo ni [[simba]] mdogo. Alizinduliwa tarehe 31 Oktoba 2025, mwaka mmoja kabla ya michezo.<ref name="ayo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/j-365-dakar-2026-presente-ayo-sa-mascotte-officielle |title=J–365 : Dakar 2026 présente "Ayo", sa mascotte officielle |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Wimbo rasmi === Wimbo rasmi wa michezo hii unaitwa « Teranga ». Unaimbwa na mwimbaji wa Senegal Mamy Mbaye. Ulizinduliwa tarehe 23 Julai 2026.<ref name="ter">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/actualite/decouvrez-teranga-la-chanson-officielle-des-joj-dakar-2026 |title=Découvrez "Teranga", la chanson officielle des JOJ Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2026-07-23 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Neno « teranga » ni la [[Kiwolofu]]. Linamaanisha ukarimu kwa wageni na kushirikiana.<ref name="aps">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://aps.sn/teranga-lhymne-des-joj-dakar-2026-symbolise-lhospitalite-le-partage-et-louverture-a-lautre-cojoj/ |title="Teranga", l’hymne des JOJ Dakar 2026, symbolise "l’hospitalité, le partage et l’ouverture à l’autre" (COJOJ) |website=Agence de presse sénégalaise |date=2026-07-24 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Viwanja vya mashindano === [[Picha:DakarPiscine.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.9|Bwawa la kuogelea la Olimpiki la Dakar]] Mashindano yanafanyika katika maeneo matatu. Eneo la kwanza ni Dakar, mji mkuu wa Senegal. Eneo la pili ni [[Diamniadio]], mji mpya. Eneo la tatu ni Saly, mji wa kitalii ulio kando ya bahari.<ref name="rfi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rfi.fr/sports/20190206-est-le-senegal-trois-ans-jeux-olympiques-jeunesse-2022 |title=Où en est le Sénégal, à trois ans des Jeux olympiques de la jeunesse 2022 ? |website=RFI |date=2019-02-06 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2" |+ Baadhi ya viwanja vya mashindano<ref name="cgtn">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://newsaf.cgtn.com/news/2026-04-03/Senegal-racing-against-time-to-deliver-Africa-s-first-ever-Olympics-1M11XmrQWVW/p.html |title=Senegal racing against time to deliver Africa's first ever Olympics |website=CGTN Africa |date=2026-04-03 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mji !! Kiwanja !! Michezo |- | rowspan="2" | [[Dakar]] || Uwanja wa Iba Mar Diop || Riadha, ndondi, futsal (mechi za awali), raga ya wachezaji saba |- | Kituo cha Olimpiki cha Tour de l'Œuf || Kuogelea, mpira wa kikapu 3x3, Baseball5, skateboarding |- | rowspan="2" | [[Diamniadio]] || Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade || Sherehe ya ufunguzi, kurusha mishale |- | Dakar Arena || Fainali za mpira wa kikapu na futsal |} == Sherehe == [[Picha:JOJ Dakar 2026 - le groupe Ndawrabine de Bargny.jpg|thumb|left|Ziara ya mwenge wa Olimpiki huko Bargny]] Sherehe ya ufunguzi ilifanyika tarehe 31 Oktoba 2026. Ilifanyika katika Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade, Diamniadio.<ref name="open">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/ioc/news/dakar-2026-youth-olympic-games-open-in-historic-first-for-africa |title=Dakar 2026 Youth Olympic Games open in historic first for Africa |website=olympics.com |date=2026-10-31 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo itafungwa tarehe 13 Novemba 2026.<ref name="open" /> == Nchi zinazoshiriki == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1.5em" |+ Michezo 25 na idadi ya matukio<ref name="pdf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/Olympic-Games/Youth-Olympic-Games/Dakar-2026/2024-12-Dakar-2026-Event-Programme.pdf |title=Official programme of the Youth Olympic Games Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2024-12-05 |language=en |format=PDF |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mchezo !! Matukio |- | [[Riadha]] || style="text-align:center" | 36 |- | [[Kuogelea]] || style="text-align:center" | 28 |- | [[Taekwondo]] || style="text-align:center" | 11 |- | Ndondi || style="text-align:center" | 10 |- | [[Judo]] || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Mieleka ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Fencing || style="text-align:center" | 6 |- | Jimnastiki ya kisanii || style="text-align:center" | 5 |- | Mbio za baiskeli barabarani || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Wushu || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Kurusha mishale || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Kupiga makasia ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Tenisi ya meza || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Badminton || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Breaking || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Futsal || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Raga ya wachezaji saba || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Skateboarding || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Triathlon || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Windsurfing || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Baseball5 || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- | Michezo ya farasi || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- ! Jumla !! 151 |} Wanariadha wanatoka kamati za Olimpiki za kitaifa 204.<ref name="open" /> Timu ya Olimpiki ya Wakimbizi pia inashiriki. Ni mara ya kwanza timu hiyo kushiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Timu hiyo ina wanariadha sita.<ref name="ref6">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/six-athletes-representeront-l-equipe-olympique-des-refugies-aux-joj-de-dakar-2026 |title=Six athlètes représenteront l'équipe olympique des réfugiés aux JOJ de Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Michezo == Mwezi Juni 2024, IOC ilibadilisha namna ya kupanga programu ya michezo. Mashindano yanafanyika katika michezo 25. Michezo mingine 10 inatangazwa kupitia shughuli mbalimbali. Michezo hiyo 10 haina mashindano.<ref name="prog">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2026-premiers-beneficiaires-de-l-evolution-de-l-approche-adoptee-pour-le-programme-des-sports-aux-joj |title=Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2026 : premiers bénéficiaires de l'évolution de l'approche adoptée pour le programme des sports aux JOJ |website=olympics.com |date=2024-06-13 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwezi Desemba 2024, programu ya michezo ilithibitishwa. Ina matukio 151. Matukio 72 ni ya wanaume. Matukio 72 ni ya wanawake. Matukio 7 ni ya mchanganyiko. Idadi ya wanaume na wanawake ni sawa.<ref name="quo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/les-epreuves-et-les-quotas-d-athletes-de-dakar-2026-approuves-par-la-commission-executive-du-cio |title=Les épreuves et les quotas d'athlètes de Dakar 2026 approuvés par la commission exécutive du CIO |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo 10 ya kutangazwa ni: kuendesha mitumbwi, kupanda miamba, [[gofu]], kunyanyua vitu vizito, hoki, [[karate]], pentathlon ya kisasa, kuteleza kwenye mawimbi, [[tenisi]] na kulenga shabaha. Michezo hiyo haitoi medali huko Dakar.<ref name="prog" /> Riadha ina matukio mengi zaidi: matukio 36. Kuogelea inafuata, ikiwa na matukio 28. Taekwondo ina matukio 11. Ndondi ina matukio 10.<ref name="pdf" /> Michezo mitatu inashiriki kwa mara ya kwanza katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Michezo hiyo ni wushu, Baseball5 na skateboarding.<ref name="star">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2026/11/01/urgent-4th-youth-olympic-games-opens-in-dakar-senegal |title=Urgent: 4th Youth Olympic Games opens in Dakar, Senegal |website=The Star |date=2026-11-01 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo kadhaa inachezwa kwenye mchanga. Ndivyo ilivyo kwa voliboli, mpira wa mikono na mieleka.<ref name="pdf" /> == Ratiba == Jedwali lifuatalo linaonyesha siku ambazo kila mchezo unachezwa. Linaonyesha pia siku za matukio ya medali.<ref name="prog-site">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/en/programme-sportif/ |title=Competition Programme |website=Dakar 2026 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> <div style="text-align:center"> {|class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; position:relative; width:90%;" |- |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#00cc33; text-align:center;"|'''OC'''||Sherehe ya ufunguzi |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#3399ff; text-align:center;"|●||Mashindano |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ffcc00; text-align:center;"|'''1'''||Matukio ya medali |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ee3333; text-align:center;"|'''CC'''||Sherehe ya kufunga |} </div> {{sticky header}} {|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; line-height:1.1em; width:90%; text-align:center;" |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Olympic Rings Icon.svg|20px]] Sherehe <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#00cc33;"|'''OC''' <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ee3333|'''CC''' <!--Events-->|{{N/A}} |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Coastal rowing pictogram.svg|20px]] Kupiga makasia ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:3x3 basketball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00|'''2''' <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Athletics pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Riadha]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''12''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''14''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''36''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Badminton pictogram.svg|20px]] Badminton <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Baseball5 pictogram.svg|20px]] Baseball5 <!-- 30-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach handball pictogram.svg|20px]] Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach volleyball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Boxing pictogram.svg|20px]] Ndondi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''10''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Breakdancing pictogram.svg|20px]] Breaking <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Cycling (road) pictogram.svg|20px]] Mbio za baiskeli barabarani <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Equestrian pictogram.svg|20px]] Michezo ya farasi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Fencing pictogram.svg|20px]] Fencing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!--Events-->|'''6''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Futsal pictogram.svg|20px]] Futsal <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg|20px]] Jimnastiki ya kisanii <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''5''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Judo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Judo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach wrestling pictogram.svg|20px]] Mieleka ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Swimming pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Kuogelea]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''6''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''28''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Sailing pictogram.svg|20px]] Windsurfing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Rugby sevens pictogram.svg|20px]] Raga ya wachezaji saba <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Skateboarding pictogram.svg|20px]] Skateboarding <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Table tennis pictogram.svg|20px]] Tenisi ya meza <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Taekwondo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Taekwondo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''11''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Archery pictogram.svg|20px]] Kurusha mishale <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Triathlon pictogram.svg|20px]] Triathlon <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Wushu pictogram.svg|20px]] Wushu <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- style="text-align:center;line-height:1em;" ! colspan=2|Matukio ya medali <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 9 <!-- 3-->! 16 <!-- 4-->! 9 <!-- 5-->! 10 <!-- 6-->! 6 <!-- 7-->! 4 <!-- 8-->! 20 <!-- 9-->! 20 <!-- 10-->! 23 <!-- 11-->! 6 <!-- 12-->! 15 <!-- 13-->! 5 |rowspan=2|'''151''' |- ! colspan=2|Jumla ya pamoja <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 17 <!-- 3-->! 33 <!-- 4-->! 42 <!-- 5-->! 52 <!-- 6-->! 58 <!-- 7-->! 62 <!-- 8-->! 82 <!-- 9-->! 102 <!-- 10-->! 125 <!-- 11-->! 131 <!-- 12-->! 146 <!-- 13-->! 151 |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026 Dakar 2026] – ''olympics.com'' (kwa Kifaransa) {{Commons category|2026 Summer Youth Olympics}} [[Jamii:Michezo ya Olimpiki]] [[Jamii:Senegal]] [[Jamii:2026]] ar3ai6ht93ug179akkbvw9hnvrujfin 1615342 1615263 2026-11-07T16:22:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026 | image = [[Picha:Dakar 2026 Summer Youth Olympic Games.svg|180px]] | caption = Nembo rasmi ya michezo | label1 = Nchi mwenyeji | data1 = [[Senegal]] | label2 = Miji | data2 = [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]], [[Saly Portudal|Saly]] | label3 = Tarehe | data3 = 31 Oktoba – 13 Novemba 2026 | label4 = Kamati za kitaifa | data4 = 204, pamoja na Timu ya Wakimbizi | label5 = Wanariadha | data5 = takriban 2,650 | label6 = Michezo | data6 = 25 | label7 = Matukio | data7 = 151 | label8 = Uwanja mkuu | data8 = Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade | label9 = Maskoti | data9 = [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]] | label10 = Iliyotangulia | data10 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2018 | label11 = Inayofuata | data11 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2030 }} '''Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026''' ni toleo la nne la Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana ya majira ya joto. Michezo hii inafanyika nchini [[Senegal]], kuanzia tarehe 31 Oktoba hadi 13 Novemba 2026. Inafanyika katika maeneo matatu: [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]] na [[Saly Portudal|Saly]]. Ni mara ya kwanza kwa michezo ya Olimpiki kufanyika barani [[Afrika]]. Wanariadha takriban 2,650 wanashiriki. Wanashindana katika matukio 151 ya michezo 25. == Historia == === Uchaguzi wa mwenyeji === [[Picha:Ayo Mascotte Dakar 2026 (cropped).png|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Ayo, maskoti ya michezo]] [[Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Olimpiki]] (IOC) ilitafuta nchi ya Afrika ili iandae michezo hii. Mwaka 2018, miji minne ilikuwa kwenye orodha: [[Gaborone]] ([[Botswana]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), [[Abuja]] ([[Nigeria]]) na [[Tunis]] ([[Tunisia]]).<ref name="cand">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://gamesbids.com/eng/youth-olympic-bids/botswana-nigeria-senegal-and-tunisia-remain-in-race-to-host-2022-youth-olympics-but-tunisian-suspension-remains-unclear/ |title=Botswana, Nigeria, Senegal and Tunisia Remain In Race To Host 2022 Youth Olympics |website=GamesBids.com |date=2018-07-18 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Tarehe 8 Oktoba 2018, IOC ilichagua Senegal. Uamuzi huo ulifanywa jijini [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="sen">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lesechos.fr/sport/omnisport/afp-00662442-cio-le-senegal-designe-pour-organiser-les-joj-2022-2211845.php |title=CIO : le Sénégal désigné pour organiser les JOJ-2022 |website=Les Echos |date=2018-10-08 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013134/https://www.lesechos.fr/sport/omnisport/afp-00662442-cio-le-senegal-designe-pour-organiser-les-joj-2022-2211845.php |archivedate=2018-10-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Kuahirishwa === Awali, michezo ilipangwa kufanyika mwaka 2022. Tarehe 15 Julai 2020, IOC na Senegal zilikubaliana kuihamishia mwaka 2026. Sababu ni [[Mlipuko wa virusi vya korona 2019-20|janga la UVIKO-19]]. Janga hilo lilisababisha mashindano mengi ya michezo kuahirishwa.<ref name="rep">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://olympics.com/cio/news/le-senegal-et-le-cio-conviennent-de-reporter-a-2026-les-jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2022 |title=Le Sénégal et le CIO conviennent de reporter à 2026 les Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2022 |website=olympics.com |date=2020-07-15 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Maandalizi == === Maskoti === Maskoti ya michezo hii ni [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]]. Ayo ni [[simba]] mdogo. Alizinduliwa tarehe 31 Oktoba 2025, mwaka mmoja kabla ya michezo.<ref name="ayo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/j-365-dakar-2026-presente-ayo-sa-mascotte-officielle |title=J–365 : Dakar 2026 présente "Ayo", sa mascotte officielle |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Wimbo rasmi === Wimbo rasmi wa michezo hii unaitwa « Teranga ». Unaimbwa na mwimbaji wa Senegal Mamy Mbaye. Ulizinduliwa tarehe 23 Julai 2026.<ref name="ter">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/actualite/decouvrez-teranga-la-chanson-officielle-des-joj-dakar-2026 |title=Découvrez "Teranga", la chanson officielle des JOJ Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2026-07-23 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Neno « teranga » ni la [[Kiwolofu]]. Linamaanisha ukarimu kwa wageni na kushirikiana.<ref name="aps">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://aps.sn/teranga-lhymne-des-joj-dakar-2026-symbolise-lhospitalite-le-partage-et-louverture-a-lautre-cojoj/ |title="Teranga", l’hymne des JOJ Dakar 2026, symbolise "l’hospitalité, le partage et l’ouverture à l’autre" (COJOJ) |website=Agence de presse sénégalaise |date=2026-07-24 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Viwanja vya mashindano === [[Picha:DakarPiscine.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.9|Bwawa la kuogelea la Olimpiki la Dakar]] Mashindano yanafanyika katika maeneo matatu. Eneo la kwanza ni Dakar, mji mkuu wa Senegal. Eneo la pili ni [[Diamniadio]], mji mpya. Eneo la tatu ni Saly, mji wa kitalii ulio kando ya bahari.<ref name="rfi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rfi.fr/sports/20190206-est-le-senegal-trois-ans-jeux-olympiques-jeunesse-2022 |title=Où en est le Sénégal, à trois ans des Jeux olympiques de la jeunesse 2022 ? |website=RFI |date=2019-02-06 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2" |+ Baadhi ya viwanja vya mashindano<ref name="cgtn">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://newsaf.cgtn.com/news/2026-04-03/Senegal-racing-against-time-to-deliver-Africa-s-first-ever-Olympics-1M11XmrQWVW/p.html |title=Senegal racing against time to deliver Africa's first ever Olympics |website=CGTN Africa |date=2026-04-03 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mji !! Kiwanja !! Michezo |- | rowspan="2" | [[Dakar]] || Uwanja wa Iba Mar Diop || Riadha, ndondi, futsal (mechi za awali), raga ya wachezaji saba |- | Kituo cha Olimpiki cha Tour de l'Œuf || Kuogelea, mpira wa kikapu 3x3, Baseball5, skateboarding |- | rowspan="2" | [[Diamniadio]] || Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade || Sherehe ya ufunguzi, kurusha mishale |- | Dakar Arena || Fainali za mpira wa kikapu na futsal |} == Sherehe == [[Picha:JOJ Dakar 2026 - le groupe Ndawrabine de Bargny.jpg|thumb|left|Ziara ya mwenge wa Olimpiki huko Bargny]] Sherehe ya ufunguzi ilifanyika tarehe 31 Oktoba 2026. Ilifanyika katika Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade, Diamniadio.<ref name="open">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/ioc/news/dakar-2026-youth-olympic-games-open-in-historic-first-for-africa |title=Dakar 2026 Youth Olympic Games open in historic first for Africa |website=olympics.com |date=2026-10-31 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo itafungwa tarehe 13 Novemba 2026.<ref name="open" /> == Nchi zinazoshiriki == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1.5em" |+ Michezo 25 na idadi ya matukio<ref name="pdf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/Olympic-Games/Youth-Olympic-Games/Dakar-2026/2024-12-Dakar-2026-Event-Programme.pdf |title=Official programme of the Youth Olympic Games Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2024-12-05 |language=en |format=PDF |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mchezo !! Matukio |- | [[Riadha]] || style="text-align:center" | 36 |- | [[Kuogelea]] || style="text-align:center" | 28 |- | [[Taekwondo]] || style="text-align:center" | 11 |- | Ndondi || style="text-align:center" | 10 |- | [[Judo]] || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Mieleka ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Fencing || style="text-align:center" | 6 |- | Jimnastiki ya kisanii || style="text-align:center" | 5 |- | Mbio za baiskeli barabarani || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Wushu || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Kurusha mishale || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Kupiga makasia ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Tenisi ya meza || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Badminton || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Breaking || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Futsal || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Raga ya wachezaji saba || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Skateboarding || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Triathlon || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Windsurfing || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Baseball5 || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- | Michezo ya farasi || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- ! Jumla !! 151 |} Wanariadha wanatoka kamati za Olimpiki za kitaifa 204.<ref name="open" /> Timu ya Olimpiki ya Wakimbizi pia inashiriki. Ni mara ya kwanza timu hiyo kushiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Timu hiyo ina wanariadha sita.<ref name="ref6">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/six-athletes-representeront-l-equipe-olympique-des-refugies-aux-joj-de-dakar-2026 |title=Six athlètes représenteront l'équipe olympique des réfugiés aux JOJ de Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Michezo == Mwezi Juni 2024, IOC ilibadilisha namna ya kupanga programu ya michezo. Mashindano yanafanyika katika michezo 25. Michezo mingine 10 inatangazwa kupitia shughuli mbalimbali. Michezo hiyo 10 haina mashindano.<ref name="prog">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2026-premiers-beneficiaires-de-l-evolution-de-l-approche-adoptee-pour-le-programme-des-sports-aux-joj |title=Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2026 : premiers bénéficiaires de l'évolution de l'approche adoptée pour le programme des sports aux JOJ |website=olympics.com |date=2024-06-13 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwezi Desemba 2024, programu ya michezo ilithibitishwa. Ina matukio 151. Matukio 72 ni ya wanaume. Matukio 72 ni ya wanawake. Matukio 7 ni ya mchanganyiko. Idadi ya wanaume na wanawake ni sawa.<ref name="quo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/les-epreuves-et-les-quotas-d-athletes-de-dakar-2026-approuves-par-la-commission-executive-du-cio |title=Les épreuves et les quotas d'athlètes de Dakar 2026 approuvés par la commission exécutive du CIO |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo 10 ya kutangazwa ni: kuendesha mitumbwi, kupanda miamba, [[gofu]], kunyanyua vitu vizito, hoki, [[karate]], pentathlon ya kisasa, kuteleza kwenye mawimbi, [[tenisi]] na kulenga shabaha. Michezo hiyo haitoi medali huko Dakar.<ref name="prog" /> Riadha ina matukio mengi zaidi: matukio 36. Kuogelea inafuata, ikiwa na matukio 28. Taekwondo ina matukio 11. Ndondi ina matukio 10.<ref name="pdf" /> Michezo mitatu inashiriki kwa mara ya kwanza katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Michezo hiyo ni wushu, Baseball5 na skateboarding.<ref name="star">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2026/11/01/urgent-4th-youth-olympic-games-opens-in-dakar-senegal |title=Urgent: 4th Youth Olympic Games opens in Dakar, Senegal |website=The Star |date=2026-11-01 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo kadhaa inachezwa kwenye mchanga. Ndivyo ilivyo kwa voliboli, mpira wa mikono na mieleka.<ref name="pdf" /> == Ratiba == Jedwali lifuatalo linaonyesha siku ambazo kila mchezo unachezwa. Linaonyesha pia siku za matukio ya medali.<ref name="prog-site">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/en/programme-sportif/ |title=Competition Programme |website=Dakar 2026 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> <div style="text-align:center"> {|class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; position:relative; width:90%;" |- |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#00cc33; text-align:center;"|'''OC'''||Sherehe ya ufunguzi |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#3399ff; text-align:center;"|●||Mashindano |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ffcc00; text-align:center;"|'''1'''||Matukio ya medali |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ee3333; text-align:center;"|'''CC'''||Sherehe ya kufunga |} </div> {{sticky header}} {|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; line-height:1.1em; width:90%; text-align:center;" |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Olympic Rings Icon.svg|20px]] Sherehe <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#00cc33;"|'''OC''' <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ee3333|'''CC''' <!--Events-->|{{N/A}} |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Coastal rowing pictogram.svg|20px]] Kupiga makasia ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:3x3 basketball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00|'''2''' <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Athletics pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Riadha]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''12''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''14''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''36''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Badminton pictogram.svg|20px]] Badminton <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Baseball5 pictogram.svg|20px]] Baseball5 <!-- 30-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach handball pictogram.svg|20px]] Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach volleyball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Boxing pictogram.svg|20px]] Ndondi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''10''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Breakdancing pictogram.svg|20px]] Breaking <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Cycling (road) pictogram.svg|20px]] Mbio za baiskeli barabarani <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Equestrian pictogram.svg|20px]] Michezo ya farasi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Fencing pictogram.svg|20px]] Fencing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!--Events-->|'''6''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Futsal pictogram.svg|20px]] Futsal <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg|20px]] Jimnastiki ya kisanii <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''5''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Judo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Judo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach wrestling pictogram.svg|20px]] Mieleka ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Swimming pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Kuogelea]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''6''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''28''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Sailing pictogram.svg|20px]] Windsurfing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Rugby sevens pictogram.svg|20px]] Raga ya wachezaji saba <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Skateboarding pictogram.svg|20px]] Skateboarding <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Table tennis pictogram.svg|20px]] Tenisi ya meza <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Taekwondo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Taekwondo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''11''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Archery pictogram.svg|20px]] Kurusha mishale <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Triathlon pictogram.svg|20px]] Triathlon <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Wushu pictogram.svg|20px]] Wushu <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- style="text-align:center;line-height:1em;" ! colspan=2|Matukio ya medali <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 9 <!-- 3-->! 16 <!-- 4-->! 9 <!-- 5-->! 10 <!-- 6-->! 6 <!-- 7-->! 4 <!-- 8-->! 20 <!-- 9-->! 20 <!-- 10-->! 23 <!-- 11-->! 6 <!-- 12-->! 15 <!-- 13-->! 5 |rowspan=2|'''151''' |- ! colspan=2|Jumla ya pamoja <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 17 <!-- 3-->! 33 <!-- 4-->! 42 <!-- 5-->! 52 <!-- 6-->! 58 <!-- 7-->! 62 <!-- 8-->! 82 <!-- 9-->! 102 <!-- 10-->! 125 <!-- 11-->! 131 <!-- 12-->! 146 <!-- 13-->! 151 |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026 Dakar 2026] – ''olympics.com'' (kwa Kifaransa) {{Commons category|2026 Summer Youth Olympics}} [[Jamii:Michezo ya Olimpiki]] [[Jamii:Senegal]] [[Jamii:2026]] 3juw0ttbz030b8q5t4krdjyz0dc84ba 1615656 1615342 2026-11-08T10:02:01Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing DakarPiscine.jpg with [[File:Piscine_olympique_-_Dakar_2026.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]:). 1615656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026 | image = [[Picha:Dakar 2026 Summer Youth Olympic Games.svg|180px]] | caption = Nembo rasmi ya michezo | label1 = Nchi mwenyeji | data1 = [[Senegal]] | label2 = Miji | data2 = [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]], [[Saly Portudal|Saly]] | label3 = Tarehe | data3 = 31 Oktoba – 13 Novemba 2026 | label4 = Kamati za kitaifa | data4 = 204, pamoja na Timu ya Wakimbizi | label5 = Wanariadha | data5 = takriban 2,650 | label6 = Michezo | data6 = 25 | label7 = Matukio | data7 = 151 | label8 = Uwanja mkuu | data8 = Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade | label9 = Maskoti | data9 = [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]] | label10 = Iliyotangulia | data10 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2018 | label11 = Inayofuata | data11 = Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2030 }} '''Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana 2026''' ni toleo la nne la Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana ya majira ya joto. Michezo hii inafanyika nchini [[Senegal]], kuanzia tarehe 31 Oktoba hadi 13 Novemba 2026. Inafanyika katika maeneo matatu: [[Dakar]], [[Diamniadio]] na [[Saly Portudal|Saly]]. Ni mara ya kwanza kwa michezo ya Olimpiki kufanyika barani [[Afrika]]. Wanariadha takriban 2,650 wanashiriki. Wanashindana katika matukio 151 ya michezo 25. == Historia == === Uchaguzi wa mwenyeji === [[Picha:Ayo Mascotte Dakar 2026 (cropped).png|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Ayo, maskoti ya michezo]] [[Kamati ya Kimataifa ya Olimpiki]] (IOC) ilitafuta nchi ya Afrika ili iandae michezo hii. Mwaka 2018, miji minne ilikuwa kwenye orodha: [[Gaborone]] ([[Botswana]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), [[Abuja]] ([[Nigeria]]) na [[Tunis]] ([[Tunisia]]).<ref name="cand">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://gamesbids.com/eng/youth-olympic-bids/botswana-nigeria-senegal-and-tunisia-remain-in-race-to-host-2022-youth-olympics-but-tunisian-suspension-remains-unclear/ |title=Botswana, Nigeria, Senegal and Tunisia Remain In Race To Host 2022 Youth Olympics |website=GamesBids.com |date=2018-07-18 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Tarehe 8 Oktoba 2018, IOC ilichagua Senegal. Uamuzi huo ulifanywa jijini [[Buenos Aires]].<ref name="sen">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lesechos.fr/sport/omnisport/afp-00662442-cio-le-senegal-designe-pour-organiser-les-joj-2022-2211845.php |title=CIO : le Sénégal désigné pour organiser les JOJ-2022 |website=Les Echos |date=2018-10-08 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013134/https://www.lesechos.fr/sport/omnisport/afp-00662442-cio-le-senegal-designe-pour-organiser-les-joj-2022-2211845.php |archivedate=2018-10-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Kuahirishwa === Awali, michezo ilipangwa kufanyika mwaka 2022. Tarehe 15 Julai 2020, IOC na Senegal zilikubaliana kuihamishia mwaka 2026. Sababu ni [[Mlipuko wa virusi vya korona 2019-20|janga la UVIKO-19]]. Janga hilo lilisababisha mashindano mengi ya michezo kuahirishwa.<ref name="rep">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://olympics.com/cio/news/le-senegal-et-le-cio-conviennent-de-reporter-a-2026-les-jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2022 |title=Le Sénégal et le CIO conviennent de reporter à 2026 les Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2022 |website=olympics.com |date=2020-07-15 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Maandalizi == === Maskoti === Maskoti ya michezo hii ni [[Ayo (maskoti)|Ayo]]. Ayo ni [[simba]] mdogo. Alizinduliwa tarehe 31 Oktoba 2025, mwaka mmoja kabla ya michezo.<ref name="ayo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/j-365-dakar-2026-presente-ayo-sa-mascotte-officielle |title=J–365 : Dakar 2026 présente "Ayo", sa mascotte officielle |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Wimbo rasmi === Wimbo rasmi wa michezo hii unaitwa « Teranga ». Unaimbwa na mwimbaji wa Senegal Mamy Mbaye. Ulizinduliwa tarehe 23 Julai 2026.<ref name="ter">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/actualite/decouvrez-teranga-la-chanson-officielle-des-joj-dakar-2026 |title=Découvrez "Teranga", la chanson officielle des JOJ Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2026-07-23 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Neno « teranga » ni la [[Kiwolofu]]. Linamaanisha ukarimu kwa wageni na kushirikiana.<ref name="aps">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://aps.sn/teranga-lhymne-des-joj-dakar-2026-symbolise-lhospitalite-le-partage-et-louverture-a-lautre-cojoj/ |title="Teranga", l’hymne des JOJ Dakar 2026, symbolise "l’hospitalité, le partage et l’ouverture à l’autre" (COJOJ) |website=Agence de presse sénégalaise |date=2026-07-24 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> === Viwanja vya mashindano === [[Picha:Piscine olympique - Dakar 2026.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.9|Bwawa la kuogelea la Olimpiki la Dakar]] Mashindano yanafanyika katika maeneo matatu. Eneo la kwanza ni Dakar, mji mkuu wa Senegal. Eneo la pili ni [[Diamniadio]], mji mpya. Eneo la tatu ni Saly, mji wa kitalii ulio kando ya bahari.<ref name="rfi">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rfi.fr/sports/20190206-est-le-senegal-trois-ans-jeux-olympiques-jeunesse-2022 |title=Où en est le Sénégal, à trois ans des Jeux olympiques de la jeunesse 2022 ? |website=RFI |date=2019-02-06 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2" |+ Baadhi ya viwanja vya mashindano<ref name="cgtn">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://newsaf.cgtn.com/news/2026-04-03/Senegal-racing-against-time-to-deliver-Africa-s-first-ever-Olympics-1M11XmrQWVW/p.html |title=Senegal racing against time to deliver Africa's first ever Olympics |website=CGTN Africa |date=2026-04-03 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mji !! Kiwanja !! Michezo |- | rowspan="2" | [[Dakar]] || Uwanja wa Iba Mar Diop || Riadha, ndondi, futsal (mechi za awali), raga ya wachezaji saba |- | Kituo cha Olimpiki cha Tour de l'Œuf || Kuogelea, mpira wa kikapu 3x3, Baseball5, skateboarding |- | rowspan="2" | [[Diamniadio]] || Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade || Sherehe ya ufunguzi, kurusha mishale |- | Dakar Arena || Fainali za mpira wa kikapu na futsal |} == Sherehe == [[Picha:JOJ Dakar 2026 - le groupe Ndawrabine de Bargny.jpg|thumb|left|Ziara ya mwenge wa Olimpiki huko Bargny]] Sherehe ya ufunguzi ilifanyika tarehe 31 Oktoba 2026. Ilifanyika katika Uwanja wa Abdoulaye Wade, Diamniadio.<ref name="open">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/ioc/news/dakar-2026-youth-olympic-games-open-in-historic-first-for-africa |title=Dakar 2026 Youth Olympic Games open in historic first for Africa |website=olympics.com |date=2026-10-31 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo itafungwa tarehe 13 Novemba 2026.<ref name="open" /> == Nchi zinazoshiriki == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%; line-height:1.2; float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1.5em" |+ Michezo 25 na idadi ya matukio<ref name="pdf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/Olympic-Games/Youth-Olympic-Games/Dakar-2026/2024-12-Dakar-2026-Event-Programme.pdf |title=Official programme of the Youth Olympic Games Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |date=2024-12-05 |language=en |format=PDF |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> ! Mchezo !! Matukio |- | [[Riadha]] || style="text-align:center" | 36 |- | [[Kuogelea]] || style="text-align:center" | 28 |- | [[Taekwondo]] || style="text-align:center" | 11 |- | Ndondi || style="text-align:center" | 10 |- | [[Judo]] || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Mieleka ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 8 |- | Fencing || style="text-align:center" | 6 |- | Jimnastiki ya kisanii || style="text-align:center" | 5 |- | Mbio za baiskeli barabarani || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Wushu || style="text-align:center" | 4 |- | Kurusha mishale || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Kupiga makasia ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Tenisi ya meza || style="text-align:center" | 3 |- | Badminton || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Breaking || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Futsal || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Raga ya wachezaji saba || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Skateboarding || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Triathlon || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Windsurfing || style="text-align:center" | 2 |- | Baseball5 || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- | Michezo ya farasi || style="text-align:center" | 1 |- ! Jumla !! 151 |} Wanariadha wanatoka kamati za Olimpiki za kitaifa 204.<ref name="open" /> Timu ya Olimpiki ya Wakimbizi pia inashiriki. Ni mara ya kwanza timu hiyo kushiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Timu hiyo ina wanariadha sita.<ref name="ref6">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/six-athletes-representeront-l-equipe-olympique-des-refugies-aux-joj-de-dakar-2026 |title=Six athlètes représenteront l'équipe olympique des réfugiés aux JOJ de Dakar 2026 |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Michezo == Mwezi Juni 2024, IOC ilibadilisha namna ya kupanga programu ya michezo. Mashindano yanafanyika katika michezo 25. Michezo mingine 10 inatangazwa kupitia shughuli mbalimbali. Michezo hiyo 10 haina mashindano.<ref name="prog">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/jeux-olympiques-de-la-jeunesse-de-dakar-2026-premiers-beneficiaires-de-l-evolution-de-l-approche-adoptee-pour-le-programme-des-sports-aux-joj |title=Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse de Dakar 2026 : premiers bénéficiaires de l'évolution de l'approche adoptée pour le programme des sports aux JOJ |website=olympics.com |date=2024-06-13 |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Mwezi Desemba 2024, programu ya michezo ilithibitishwa. Ina matukio 151. Matukio 72 ni ya wanaume. Matukio 72 ni ya wanawake. Matukio 7 ni ya mchanganyiko. Idadi ya wanaume na wanawake ni sawa.<ref name="quo">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/cio/news/les-epreuves-et-les-quotas-d-athletes-de-dakar-2026-approuves-par-la-commission-executive-du-cio |title=Les épreuves et les quotas d'athlètes de Dakar 2026 approuvés par la commission exécutive du CIO |website=olympics.com |language=fr |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo 10 ya kutangazwa ni: kuendesha mitumbwi, kupanda miamba, [[gofu]], kunyanyua vitu vizito, hoki, [[karate]], pentathlon ya kisasa, kuteleza kwenye mawimbi, [[tenisi]] na kulenga shabaha. Michezo hiyo haitoi medali huko Dakar.<ref name="prog" /> Riadha ina matukio mengi zaidi: matukio 36. Kuogelea inafuata, ikiwa na matukio 28. Taekwondo ina matukio 11. Ndondi ina matukio 10.<ref name="pdf" /> Michezo mitatu inashiriki kwa mara ya kwanza katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Vijana. Michezo hiyo ni wushu, Baseball5 na skateboarding.<ref name="star">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2026/11/01/urgent-4th-youth-olympic-games-opens-in-dakar-senegal |title=Urgent: 4th Youth Olympic Games opens in Dakar, Senegal |website=The Star |date=2026-11-01 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> Michezo kadhaa inachezwa kwenye mchanga. Ndivyo ilivyo kwa voliboli, mpira wa mikono na mieleka.<ref name="pdf" /> == Ratiba == Jedwali lifuatalo linaonyesha siku ambazo kila mchezo unachezwa. Linaonyesha pia siku za matukio ya medali.<ref name="prog-site">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026/en/programme-sportif/ |title=Competition Programme |website=Dakar 2026 |language=en |access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref> <div style="text-align:center"> {|class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; position:relative; width:90%;" |- |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#00cc33; text-align:center;"|'''OC'''||Sherehe ya ufunguzi |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#3399ff; text-align:center;"|●||Mashindano |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ffcc00; text-align:center;"|'''1'''||Matukio ya medali |style="width:2.5em; background-color:#ee3333; text-align:center;"|'''CC'''||Sherehe ya kufunga |} </div> {{sticky header}} {|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:75%; line-height:1.1em; width:90%; text-align:center;" |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Olympic Rings Icon.svg|20px]] Sherehe <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#00cc33;"|'''OC''' <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ee3333|'''CC''' <!--Events-->|{{N/A}} |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Coastal rowing pictogram.svg|20px]] Kupiga makasia ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:3x3 basketball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Mpira wa kikapu]] 3x3 <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00|'''2''' <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Athletics pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Riadha]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''12''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''14''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''36''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Badminton pictogram.svg|20px]] Badminton <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Baseball5 pictogram.svg|20px]] Baseball5 <!-- 30-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach handball pictogram.svg|20px]] Mpira wa mikono wa ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach volleyball pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Voliboli]] ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Boxing pictogram.svg|20px]] Ndondi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''10''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''10''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Breakdancing pictogram.svg|20px]] Breaking <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Cycling (road) pictogram.svg|20px]] Mbio za baiskeli barabarani <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Equestrian pictogram.svg|20px]] Michezo ya farasi <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''1''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Fencing pictogram.svg|20px]] Fencing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!--Events-->|'''6''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Futsal pictogram.svg|20px]] Futsal <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg|20px]] Jimnastiki ya kisanii <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''5''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Judo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Judo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Beach wrestling pictogram.svg|20px]] Mieleka ya ufukweni <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''8''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Swimming pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Kuogelea]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''5''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''6''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''28''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Sailing pictogram.svg|20px]] Windsurfing <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Rugby sevens pictogram.svg|20px]] Raga ya wachezaji saba <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Skateboarding pictogram.svg|20px]] Skateboarding <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Table tennis pictogram.svg|20px]] Tenisi ya meza <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 4-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Taekwondo pictogram.svg|20px]] [[Taekwondo]] <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''2''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 11-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''3''' <!-- 12-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''11''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Archery pictogram.svg|20px]] Kurusha mishale <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 7-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 8-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 9-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 10-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''3''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Triathlon pictogram.svg|20px]] Triathlon <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->| <!-- 2-->| <!-- 3-->| <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 6-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''1''' <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''2''' |- <!-- Sport-->|align="left" colspan=2|[[File:Wushu pictogram.svg|20px]] Wushu <!-- 30-->| <!-- 31-->| <!-- 1-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 2-->|style="background-color:#3399ff"|● <!-- 3-->|style="background-color:#ffcc00"|'''4''' <!-- 4-->| <!-- 5-->| <!-- 6-->| <!-- 7-->| <!-- 8-->| <!-- 9-->| <!-- 10-->| <!-- 11-->| <!-- 12-->| <!-- 13-->| <!--Events-->|'''4''' |- style="text-align:center;line-height:1em;" ! colspan=2|Matukio ya medali <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 9 <!-- 3-->! 16 <!-- 4-->! 9 <!-- 5-->! 10 <!-- 6-->! 6 <!-- 7-->! 4 <!-- 8-->! 20 <!-- 9-->! 20 <!-- 10-->! 23 <!-- 11-->! 6 <!-- 12-->! 15 <!-- 13-->! 5 |rowspan=2|'''151''' |- ! colspan=2|Jumla ya pamoja <!-- 30-->! 0 <!-- 31-->! 0 <!-- 1-->! 8 <!-- 2-->! 17 <!-- 3-->! 33 <!-- 4-->! 42 <!-- 5-->! 52 <!-- 6-->! 58 <!-- 7-->! 62 <!-- 8-->! 82 <!-- 9-->! 102 <!-- 10-->! 125 <!-- 11-->! 131 <!-- 12-->! 146 <!-- 13-->! 151 |- !style=width:18%; colspan=2 rowspan=2|2026 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|30 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|31 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|1 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|2 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|3 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|4 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|5 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|6 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|7 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|8 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|9 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|10 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|11 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|12 !class="unsortable" style="width:4%;"|13 !style=width:6%; rowspan=2|Matukio |- !colspan=2|Oktoba !colspan=13|Novemba |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.olympics.com/fr/dakar-2026 Dakar 2026] – ''olympics.com'' (kwa Kifaransa) {{Commons category|2026 Summer Youth Olympics}} [[Jamii:Michezo ya Olimpiki]] [[Jamii:Senegal]] [[Jamii:2026]] qbsthg8xah15erbxh8cu6ayetqek1se 0 257349 1615260 2026-11-07T13:19:19Z Zubeda03 83744 Anzisha Makala 1615260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF kwa vijana chini ya miaka 23 ya mwaka 2006''' yalikuwa toleo la kwanza la [[mashindano]] ya [[Umoja]] wa [[Chama cha kisiasa|Vyama]] vya [[Mpira wa miguu|Soka]] [[Afrika ya Kaskazini|Afrika Kaskazini]] ''(UNAF)'' kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] chini ya miaka [[23 Septemba|23.]]<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2006</ref> Mashindano hayo yalifanyika [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Libya]], kuanzia [[tarehe]] 5 hadi [[9 Agosti]] [[2006|2006.]]<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/partido/2006/08/05/international/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2006/Libya-U23/vs/Tunisia-U23</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] 8daoti8hhm3kkjbpzvowrsxyynvwxhu 1615262 1615260 2026-11-07T13:20:33Z Zubeda03 83744 Maboresho 1615262 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya UNAF kwa vijana chini ya miaka 23 ya mwaka 2006''' yalikuwa toleo la kwanza la [[mashindano]] ya [[Umoja]] wa [[Chama cha kisiasa|Vyama]] vya [[Mpira wa miguu|Soka]] [[Afrika ya Kaskazini|Afrika Kaskazini]] ''(UNAF)'' kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] chini ya miaka [[23 Septemba|23.]]<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/internacional/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2006</ref> Mashindano hayo yalifanyika [[Nchi|nchini]] [[Libya]], kuanzia [[tarehe]] 5 hadi [[9 Agosti]] [[2006|2006.]]<ref>https://www.futbol24.com/es/partido/2006/08/05/international/Arab/UNAF-U-23-Tournament/2006/Libya-U23/vs/Tunisia-U23</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} ep2z0uz3vqscmb8bt0w41y3dlfb43rz 0 257350 1615264 2026-11-07T13:23:11Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615264 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:1 agu casmir 2012.jpg|thumb|Agu Casmir]] '''Agu Casmir''' (alizaliwa [[23 Machi]] [[1984]]) ni [[Mchezaji mpira|mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] aliwahi kucheza katika nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] au kiungo mshambuliaji. Alizaliwa nchini [[Nigeria]], lakini aliichezea [[timu ya taifa]] ya [[Singapuri|Singapore]]. Kwa sasa anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa mfungaji bora wa muda wote katika klabu ya ''Woodlands Wellington'', akiwa amefunga mabao 55. == Kazi yake katika klabu == Hapo awali, Casmir alichezea klabu za ''Young Lions'' na ''Woodlands Wellington'' zilizokuwa zikishiriki Ligi ya ''S.League'' nchini Singapore. === Woodlands Wellington === Casmir alijitokeza katika medani ya soka akiwa na klabu ya ''Woodlands Wellington'' mwaka [[2002]]. Akiwa na umri wa [[miaka]] 18, alifunga mabao 27, idadi iliyovutia sana. Mwaka uliofuata, alifunga mabao mengine 15. === Young Lions === Katika miaka ya [[2004]] na [[2005]], Casmir aliichezea klabu ya ''Young Lions'' na kufunga jumla ya mabao 31. === Kurejea Woodlands Wellington === Casmir alirejea katika klabu ya ''Woodlands Wellington'' mwaka [[2006]] na kufunga mabao 17.<ref>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/5951/Agu_Casmir.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160328155901/http://www.goal.com/en-sg/news/3880/singapore/2014/02/12/4613561/agu-casmirs-indonesia-stint-comes-to-early-end?ICID=AR_RS_1</ref><ref>https://www.fotmob.com/players/73678/agu-casmir</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Nigeria]] <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} jyxjl5bh6x1n7nuaipbfb2vz0p95a6p 0 257351 1615267 2026-11-07T13:27:06Z Camiddo 86373 Ukurasa umeundwa 1615267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|picha=2012_Chicago_Marathon_-_Merima-Atsede-Fatuma.jpg|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa={{birth date and age|1987|04|16|df=yes}}|jina=Atsede Baysa|maelezo_ya_picha=Atsede (centre) leading at the [[2012 Chicago Marathon]]}} '''Atsede Bayisa Tesema''', anayejulikana pia kama Atsede Bayisa (aliyezaliwa [[tarehe]] [[16 Aprili]] [[1987]]), ni [[mwanariadha]] wa [[mbio]] za masafa marefu kutoka [[Ethiopia]]. Amejikita zaidi katika mashindano ya [[mbio]] za [[Barabara|barabarani]]. == Kazi ya Kimichezo == Atsede Bayisa alianza [[kushiriki]] mashindano ya kimataifa katika Mbio za Wanawake za Tokyo (Tokyo Women's Marathon) na Mbio za Nagano (Nagano Marathon) [[Mwaka 2000|mwaka 2006]].Mwaka [[2007]], alishika nafasi ya nne katika Mashindano ya Rotterdam Marathon, akitumia [[muda]] wa saa 2, dakika 33 na sekunde 54 (2:33:54).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khorram-Manesh |first=Amir |last2=Löf |first2=Therese |last3=Börjesson |first3=Mats |last4=Nilson |first4=Finn |last5=Thorsson |first5=Sofia |last6=Lindberg |first6=Fredrik |last7=Carlström |first7=Eric |date=2019-12-25 |title=Profiling Collapsing Half Marathon Runners—Emerging Risk Factors: Results from Gothenburg Half Marathon |url=https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8010002 |journal=Sports |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=2 |doi=10.3390/sports8010002 |issn=2075-4663}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Johansson |first=Moa |last2=Atterfors |first2=Johan |last3=Lamm |first3=Johan |date=2023-03-01 |title=Pacing Patterns of Half-Marathon Runners: An analysis of ten years of results from Gothenburg Half Marathon |url=https://doi.org/10.2478/ijcss-2023-0014 |journal=International Journal of Computer Science in Sport |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=124–138 |doi=10.2478/ijcss-2023-0014 |issn=1684-4769}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanariadha]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] 7luf3yjwucrrp1a77zyp3386pm5d4gn 0 257352 1615268 2026-11-07T13:29:39Z CaliBen 33319 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:280px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011'''<br /><small>''بطولة إفريقيا تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم 2011''</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Moroko]] |- ! Tarehe | 26 Novemba – 10 Desemba |- ! Timu | 8 (kutoka shirikisho 1) |- ! Viwanja | 2 (katika miji 2) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwish...' 1615268 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:280px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011'''<br /><small>''بطولة إفريقيا تحت 23 سنة لكرة القدم 2011''</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Moroko]] |- ! Tarehe | 26 Novemba – 10 Desemba |- ! Timu | 8 (kutoka shirikisho 1) |- ! Viwanja | 2 (katika miji 2) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Gabon]] (taji la 1) |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pili | [[Moroko]] |- ! style="background:#cc9966" | Mshindi wa tatu | [[Misri]] |- ! Nafasi ya nne | [[Senegal]] |- ! colspan="2" | Takwimu za mashindano |- ! Mechi | 16 |- ! Mabao | 35 (wastani wa 2.19 kwa mechi) |- ! Wafungaji bora | Abdelaziz Barrada ([[Moroko]])<br />Raheem Lawal ([[Nigeria]])<br /><small>(mabao 3 kila mmoja)</small> |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 2015 → |} '''Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011''' yalikuwa toleo la kwanza la mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] kwa wachezaji walio chini ya umri wa miaka 23, ndani ya [[Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 23]].<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9361788.stm "Football - 2012 Olympic qualifying tournament"]. ''bbc.co.uk''. 14 Januari 2011. Ilitazamwa tarehe 22 Februari 2019.</ref> Awali yalipangwa kuandaliwa na [[Misri]] kuanzia tarehe 26 Novemba hadi 10 Desemba 2011. Hata hivyo, chini ya miezi miwili kabla ya mashindano kuanza, mamlaka za Misri ziliamua kutoyaandaa kwa sababu ya wasiwasi wa usalama.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120425060918/http://s4.filgoal.com/English/News.aspx?NewsID=82791 "Egypt denied from staging Olympic qualifiers"]. FilGoal.com. 10 Oktoba 2011.</ref> Tarehe 13 Oktoba 2011, [[Moroko]] ilichaguliwa kuwa mwenyeji mbadala.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15292442 "Morocco to host Olympic qualifying tournament"]. BBC. 13 Oktoba 2011.</ref> Mashindano haya pia yalikuwa ya kufuzu kwa Mpira wa miguu katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto 2012. Timu tatu bora zilifuzu moja kwa moja kwa mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya Olimpiki ya 2012, huku timu iliyoshika nafasi ya nne ikifuzu kucheza mechi ya mchujo dhidi ya timu kutoka ''Shirikisho la Soka Asia'' (AFC).<ref>[https://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/newsid=1497288/index.html "Egypt hosting Olympic qualifier"]. FIFA ([https://web.archive.org/web/20111026095748/http://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/newsid=1497288/index.html nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 26 Oktoba 2011). Ilitazamwa tarehe 23 Agosti 2011.</ref> == Timu zilizofuzu == Shirikisho la Soka Afrika liliamua kuanzisha mashindano na hatua ya kufuzu ili kuamua ni vyama vipi vingeiwakilisha Afrika katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya 2012. Kati ya vyama 53 wanachama wa CAF, 39 vilikubali kushiriki katika mechi za kufuzu. Ili kufuzu kwa mashindano, nchi zilizoshiriki zililazimika kuvuka hatua tatu za kufuzu za mikondo miwili. Timu zilizofuzu: * [[Algeria]] * [[Côte d'Ivoire]] * [[Misri]] * [[Gabon]] * [[Moroko]] (mwenyeji) * [[Nigeria]] * [[Senegal]] * [[Afrika Kusini]] == Viwanja == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0.5em auto" |- ! [[Marrakesh]] !! [[Tangier]] |- | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]] || [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]] |- | Uwezo: '''45,000''' || Uwezo: '''45,000''' |- | [[File:Stade de marrakech.jpg|180px]] || [[File:Stade Ibn Batuta, Tanger.jpg|180px]] |} == Droo == Droo ya mashindano ilifanyika tarehe 24 Septemba 2011 wakati wa mkutano wa Kamati Tendaji ya CAF mjini [[Kairo]], Misri.<ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/football/news/11059-egypt-to-host-caf-u-23-championship-serving-as-2012-london-olympic-qualifiers.html "Egypt to host CAF U-23 Championship serving as 2012 London Olympic qualifiers"]. ''cafonline.com''. Shirikisho la Soka Afrika. 22 Agosti 2011.</ref> == Waamuzi == Waamuzi wafuatao walichaguliwa kwa ajili ya mashindano.<ref>[http://fr.cafonline.com/competition/championnat-caf-u-23_2011/referees "Referees"]. ''CAF Online''. Shirikisho la Soka Afrika ([https://web.archive.org/web/20111121190051/http://fr.cafonline.com/competition/championnat-caf-u-23_2011/referees nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 21 Novemba 2011). Ilitazamwa tarehe 29 Agosti 2016.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! style="width:44%" | Waamuzi wa kati !! style="width:44%" | Waamuzi wasaidizi |- style="vertical-align:top" | * Néant Alioum ([[Kamerun]]) * Bakary Gassama ([[Gambia]]) * Sylvester Kirwa ([[Kenya]]) * Hamada Nampiandraza ([[Madagaska]]) * Ali Lemghaifry ([[Mauritania]]) * Bouchaïb El Ahrach ([[Moroko]]) * Slim Jedidi ([[Tunisia]]) * Janny Sikazwe ([[Zambia]]) '''Akiba''' * Joseph Lamptey ([[Ghana]]) * Aboubacar Mario Bangoura ([[Guinea]]) | * Jean-Claude Birumushahu ([[Burundi]]) * Moussa Yanoussa ([[Kamerun]]) * Richard Bouende-Malonga ([[Jamhuri ya Kongo|Kongo]]) * Angesom Ogbamariam ([[Eritrea]]) * Aden Marwa Range ([[Kenya]]) * Moffat Champiti ([[Malawi]]) * Redouane Achik ([[Moroko]]) * Felicien Kabanda ([[Rwanda]]) * Jason Damoo ([[Shelisheli]]) * Anouar Hmila ([[Tunisia]]) '''Akiba''' * Yacin Hassan Egueh ([[Jibuti]]) |} == Vikosi == ''Makala kuu: [[Vikosi vya Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011]]'' == Hatua ya makundi == ''Saa zote ni za hapo nchini ([[UTC]]).'' Timu mbili au zaidi zikilingana kwa pointi, vigezo vifuatavyo vilitumika:<ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/userfiles/file/Regulation/U-23%20Eng.pdf "Regulations of the African U-23 Championship, Morocco 2011"] (PDF). CAF. Ilitazamwa tarehe 30 Novemba 2011. (Tazama kifungu 35.6.)</ref> # Pointi katika mechi kati ya timu husika; # Tofauti ya mabao katika mechi kati ya timu husika; # Idadi ya mabao katika mechi kati ya timu husika; # Tofauti ya mabao katika mechi zote za kundi; # Idadi ya mabao katika mechi zote za kundi; # Pointi za mchezo wa kiungwana (idadi ya kadi za njano na nyekundu); # Kura. === Kundi A === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Nafasi !! style="width:170px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> !! Hatua inayofuata |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Senegal]] || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 2 || +1 || '''6''' || rowspan="2" style="background:#BBF3BB" | Hatua ya mtoano |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Moroko]] <small>'''(M)'''</small> || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 1 || +1 || '''6''' |- | 3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Nigeria]] || 3 || 1 || 0 || 2 || 5 || 4 || +1 || '''3''' || |- | 4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Algeria]] || 3 || 1 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 5 || −3 || '''3''' || |} <small>''(M)'' – Mwenyeji</small> {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 26 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Nigeria]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12103-winning-start-for-morocco.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Moroko]]'''<br /><small>Barrada 28' (pen.)</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Sylvester Kirwa (Kenya) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 26 Novemba 2011<br />20:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Algeria]]'''<br /><small>Benaldjia 77'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/football/news/12113-benaldjia-strike-sinks-senegal.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Senegal]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Néant Alioum (Kamerun) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 29 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Moroko]]'''<br /><small>Tighadouini 59'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12153-morocco-makes-it-two-wins-out-of-two-matches.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Algeria]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 29 Novemba 2011<br />21:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Senegal]]'''<br /><small>Mbodj 34'<br />Sané 42'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12163-senegal-beat-nigeria-to-claim-first-win.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Nigeria]]<br /><small>Uchechi 49'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Slim Jedidi (Tunisia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 2 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Nigeria]]'''<br /><small>Lawal 47', 75', 85'<br />Uchechi 87'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''4–1''' | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Algeria]]<br /><small>Bounedjah 42'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Bakary Papa Gassama (Gambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 2 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Moroko]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12216-senegal-beats-morocco-as-both-sides-qualify-for-semis.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Senegal]]'''<br /><small>Wade 31'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Hamada Nampiandraza (Madagaska) |} === Kundi B === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Nafasi !! style="width:170px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> !! Hatua inayofuata |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Misri]] || 3 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 1 || +2 || '''6''' || rowspan="2" style="background:#BBF3BB" | Hatua ya mtoano |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Gabon]] || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 4 || 3 || +1 || '''4''' |- | 3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || 3 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 4 || −1 || '''4''' || |- | 4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Afrika Kusini]] || 3 || 0 || 2 || 1 || 2 || 4 || −2 || '''2''' || |} {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 27 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br /><small>Magdi 50'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12124-egypt-u-23-victorious-in-marrakech.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Gabon]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Bakary Papa Gassama (Gambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 27 Novemba 2011<br />20:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Afrika Kusini]]<br /><small>Bhengu 21'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12131-south-africa-and-cote-d-ivoire-play-out-an-entertaining-draw.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]]<br /><small>Griffiths 81'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Bouchaïb El Ahrach (Moroko) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 30 Novemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Gabon]]<br /><small>Lengoualama 80'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12191-south-africa-and-gabon-settle-for-a-stalemate-in-marrakech.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Afrika Kusini]]<br /><small>Masango 40'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Ali Ould Lemghaifry (Mauritania) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 30 Novemba 2011<br />20:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Côte d'Ivoire]]'''<br /><small>Koné 82'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''1–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12193-cote-d-ivoire-in-narrow-win-over-egypt.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Misri]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Hamada Nampiandraza (Madagaska) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 3 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br /><small>El Nenny 46'<br />Mohsen 63'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–0'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12243-egypt-through-to-semi-final-after-victory-over-south-africa.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Afrika Kusini]] | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 3 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br /><small>Ndong Mba 46', 49' (pen.)<br />Yacouya 78'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''3–1''' | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]]<br /><small>Traoré 30'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Slim Jedidi (Tunisia) |} == Hatua ya mtoano == ''Saa zote ni za hapo nchini ([[UTC+1]]).'' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | Nusu fainali !! colspan="2" | Fainali (10 Desemba) |- | style="text-align:left" | 6 Desemba · [[Senegal]] || 0 || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br />[[Moroko]] || rowspan="2" | '''2'''<br />1 |- | style="text-align:left" | '''[[Gabon]]''' <small>(b.m.n.)</small> || '''1''' |- | style="text-align:left" | 7 Desemba · [[Misri]] || 2 || colspan="2" style="background:#eaecf0" | '''Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu (10 Desemba)''' |- | style="text-align:left" | '''[[Moroko]]''' || '''3''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Senegal]]<br />'''[[Misri]]''' || 0<br />'''2''' |} === Nusu fainali === {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 6 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Senegal]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–1 <small>(b.m.n.)</small>'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12280-gabon-marches-into-the-u-23-championship-final-as-the-fairy-tale-continues.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br /><small>Poko 119'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Ibn Batouta]], [[Tangier]]<br />Mwamuzi: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia) |} ---- {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 7 Desemba 2011<br />19:00 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Misri]]<br /><small>Salah 36'<br />Shroyda 82'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–3'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12299-morocco-through-to-the-final-after-edging-egypt-in-a-thrilling-semi-final.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Moroko]]'''<br /><small>Barrada 1', 9'<br />Mokhtar 66'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Néant Alioum (Kamerun) |} === Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu === {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 10 Desemba 2011<br />14:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | [[Senegal]] | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''0–2'''<br /><small>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130811163228/http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12333-egypt-finish-third-after-beating-senegal.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br /><small>Shroyda 32'<br />Gomaa 68'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Mwamuzi: Slim Jedidi (Tunisia) |} === Fainali === {| style="width:100%; background:#f4f4f4; margin-bottom:0.5em" | style="width:16%; vertical-align:top" | 10 Desemba 2011<br />17:30 | style="width:22%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top" | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br /><small>Obiang 33'<br />Nono 40'</small> | style="width:12%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top" | '''2–1'''<br /><small>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12336-gabon-crowned-caf-u-23-african-champions.html Ripoti]</small> | style="width:22%; vertical-align:top" | [[Moroko]]<br /><small>Mokhtar 21'</small> | style="width:28%; vertical-align:top; font-size:90%" | [[Uwanja wa Marrakech]], [[Marrakesh]]<br />Watazamaji: 15,000<br />Mwamuzi: Hamada Nampiandraza (Madagaska) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; width:30%" |- ! Bingwa wa Mashindano ya Afrika ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23 2011 |- | '''[[Gabon]]'''<br />'''Taji la 1''' |} == Kikosi bora == Kikosi bora cha mashindano pamoja na wachezaji wa akiba:<ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/news/12337-best-eleven-caf-u-23-african-championship-2011.html "Best eleven CAF U-23 African Championship 2011"]. ''CAF Online''. Shirikisho la Soka Afrika. 10 Desemba 2011. Ilitazamwa tarehe 14 Desemba 2011.</ref> * '''Kipa:''' Ahmed El Shenawy ([[Misri]]) * '''Mabeki:''' Mahan Marc Goua ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]), Moaz El-Henawy ([[Misri]]), Remy Ebanega ([[Gabon]]), Zakarya Bergdich ([[Moroko]]) * '''Viungo:''' Sameehg Doutie ([[Afrika Kusini]]), Hossam Hassan ([[Misri]]), Abdelaziz Barrada ([[Moroko]]), Raheem Lawal ([[Nigeria]]) * '''Washambuliaji:''' Youness Mokhtar ([[Moroko]]), Abdoulaye Sané ([[Senegal]]) * '''Akiba:''' Ousmane Mané ([[Senegal]], kipa); Ahmed Hegazy na Mohamed Salah ([[Misri]]); Allen Nono ([[Gabon]]); Laglais Xavier Kouassi na Jean Michael Seri ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]); Soufiane Bidaoui na Adnane Tighadouini ([[Moroko]]); Danny Uchechi ([[Nigeria]]); Mohamed Chalali ([[Algeria]]) == Wafungaji == ;Mabao 3 * Abdelaziz Barrada ([[Moroko]]) * Raheem Lawal ([[Nigeria]]) ;Mabao 2 * Ahmed Shroyda ([[Misri]]) * Emmanuel Ndong Mba ([[Gabon]]) * Youness Mokhtar ([[Moroko]]) * Danny Uchechi ([[Nigeria]]) ;Bao 1 * Mehdi Benaldjia ([[Algeria]]) * Baghdad Bounedjah ([[Algeria]]) * Georges Henri Griffiths ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]) * Moussa Koné ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]) * Lacina Traoré ([[Côte d'Ivoire]]) * Ahmed Magdi ([[Misri]]) * Marwan Mohsen ([[Misri]]) * Mohamed Elneny ([[Misri]]) * Mohamed Salah ([[Misri]]) * Saleh Gomaa ([[Misri]]) * Johan Diderot Lengoualama ([[Gabon]]) * Allen Nono ([[Gabon]]) * Landry Obiang Obiang ([[Gabon]]) * André Biyogo Poko ([[Gabon]]) * Lionel Yacouya ([[Gabon]]) * Adnane Tighadouini ([[Moroko]]) * Kara Mbodj ([[Senegal]]) * Abdoulaye Sané ([[Senegal]]) * Omar Wade ([[Senegal]]) * Phumelele Bhengu ([[Afrika Kusini]]) * Mandla Masango ([[Afrika Kusini]]) == Ukosoaji == Baadhi ya watu walihoji haja ya kuwa na mashindano haya, wakiamini kwamba mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya vijana chini ya miaka 23 ya [[Michezo ya Afrika 2011]] yangetumika kama mashindano ya kufuzu. Kuongezeka kwa idadi ya mechi za timu za taifa za vijana chini ya miaka 23 kulisababisha ratiba za baadhi ya ligi za ndani kubadilishwa, na baadhi ya mechi za ligi zilichezwa na timu zilizodhoofika.<ref>[http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8557 "Who is fooling who?"]. Botswana Gazette. 26 Januari 2011 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20120322113440/http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8557 nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 22 Machi 2012). Ilitazamwa tarehe 10 Aprili 2011.</ref> Pia kulikuwa na ukosoaji kutoka kwa mashabiki dhidi ya klabu ambazo hazikuwaruhusu wachezaji wao kushiriki hatua za kufuzu, kwa sababu mashindano haya hayamo kwenye kalenda ya [[FIFA]] ilhali mashindano ya Olimpiki yamo. Kwa maana hiyo, nchi za Afrika zinaweza kuwaita wachezaji wanaocheza Ulaya kwa mashindano ya Olimpiki, ingawa hawakuweza kushiriki hatua za kufuzu kwa sababu ya majukumu ya klabu zao.<ref>[http://www.michezoafrika.com/Harambee%20Stars/Ghanas-U-23-soccer-team-transit-through-Nairobi/1388.aspx "Ghana's U-23 soccer team transit through Nairobi"]. MichezoAfrika.com. 7 Aprili 2011. Ilitazamwa tarehe 10 Aprili 2011.</ref> == Timu zilizofuzu kwa Michezo ya Olimpiki == Timu zifuatazo kutoka CAF zilifuzu kwa [[Mpira wa miguu katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto 2012|mashindano ya mpira wa miguu ya wanaume ya Olimpiki ya 2012]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Timu !! Ilifuzu tarehe !! Ushiriki wa awali katika [[Mpira wa miguu katika Michezo ya Olimpiki|Michezo ya Olimpiki]] |- | [[Gabon]] || 6 Desemba 2011<ref name="GABMAR">[https://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/Gabon-and-Maroct-earn-London-2012-berths "Gabon-and-Maroc-earn-London-2012 berths"]. FIFA.com. 17 Desemba 2011 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110910173004/https://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/news/Gabon-and-Marooc-earn-London-2012-berths nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 10 Septemba 2011).</ref> || 0 (mara ya kwanza) |- | [[Moroko]] || 6 Desemba 2011 || 6 (1964, 1972, 1984, 1992, 2000, 2004) |- | [[Misri]] || 10 Desemba 2011<ref name="GABMAR" /> || 10 (1920, 1924, 1928, 1936, 1948, 1952, 1960, 1964, 1984, 1992) |- | [[Senegal]] || 23 Aprili 2012 || 0 (mara ya kwanza) |} == Tazama pia == * [[Mashindano ya CAF ya Wanawake ya Kabla ya Olimpiki 2012]] == Marejeo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.cafonline.com/competition/caf-u-23-championship_2011/results Mashindano ya CAF ya Vijana chini ya Miaka 23] – matokeo [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] 2h2aue56jfz7w0uyxvdpxeqmcu7jz1a 0 257353 1615269 2026-11-07T13:32:19Z Ramadhani kamala 82903 chapisha ukurasa mpya 1615269 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchujo wa Kufuzu kwa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Chini ya Miaka 17 la 2026 ni mashindano ya soka ya wanaume walio chini ya umri wa miaka 17 yaliyolenga kuamua timu zitakazoshiriki katika Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Chini ya Miaka 17 la [[2026|2026.]] Wachezaji waliozaliwa tarehe [[1 Januari]] [[2009]] au baada ya tarehe hiyo waliruhusiwa kushiriki katika mashindano hayo. Nchi mwenyeji wa hatua ya mwisho ya mashindano hayo ni [[Morocco|Moroko]]. Nchi hiyo iliteuliwa kuwa mwenyeji katika mkutano wa mwaka wa Kamati ya Utendaji ya [[CAF]], uliofanyika sambamba na hafla ya Tuzo za CAF za mwaka 2024 mjini [[Marrakesh]], [[Morocco]].<ref>https://www.cafonline.com/inside-caf/news/caf-executive-committee-approves-2025-competition-calendar-and-totalenergies-caf-africa-cup-of-nations-morocco-2025-final-draw-date/</ref><ref>https://www.cafonline.com/media/awjck5f1/uvi4fsuxxrqq4txlawyg.pdf</ref> == Timu == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;" !Kanda !Nafasi za kufuzu !Timu zilizoingia kwenye mchujo !Timu ambazo hazikuingia |- |Kanda ya Kaskazini (UNAF) |4 |{{flag|Algeria}} {{flag|Egypt}} {{flag|Libya}} {{flag|Morocco}} {{flag|Tunisia}} |— |- |Kanda ya Magharibi A (WAFU-UFOA A) |2 |{{flag|Gambia}} {{flag|Guinea}} {{flag|Guinea-Bissau}} {{flag|Liberia}} {{flag|Mali}} {{flag|Mauritania}} {{flag|Senegal}} {{flag|Sierra Leone}} {{flag|Cape Verde}} |— |- |Kanda ya Magharibi B (WAFU-UFOA B) |2 |{{flag|Benin}} {{flag|Burkina Faso}} {{flag|Ghana}} {{flag|Ivory Coast}} {{flag|Niger}} {{flag|Nigeria}} {{flag|Togo}} |— |- |Kanda ya Kati (UNIFFAC) |2 |{{flag|Cameroon}} {{flag|Central African Republic}} {{flag|Republic of the Congo}} (W) {{flag|DR Congo}} {{flag|Gabon}} {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}} (W) {{flag|Chad}} {{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}} |— |- |Kanda ya Kati-Mashariki (CECAFA) |3 |{{flag|Burundi}} {{flag|Djibouti}} {{flag|Ethiopia}} {{flag|Kenya}} {{flag|Rwanda}} {{flag|Somalia}} {{flag|South Sudan}} {{flag|Sudan}} {{flag|Tanzania}} {{flag|Uganda}} |{{flag|Eritrea}} |- |Kanda ya Kusini (COSAFA) |3 |{{flag|Angola}} {{flag|Botswana}} {{flag|Comoros}} {{flag|Eswatini}} {{flag|Lesotho}} {{flag|Madagascar}} {{flag|Malawi}} {{flag|Mauritius}} {{flag|Mozambique}} {{flag|South Africa}} {{flag|Zambia}} {{flag|Zimbabwe}} |{{flag|Namibia}} {{flag|Seychelles}} |} === Maelezo === * Timu zilizoandikwa kwa herufi nzito zilifuzu kushiriki katika mashindano ya fainali. * (W): Timu ilijiondoa kwenye mashindano baada ya dro kufanyika. == Kanda ya Kaskazini == == ''Makala kuu: 2026 UNAF U-17 Tournament'' == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;" !Nafasi !Timu !Mechi !Ushindi !Sare !Kufungwa !Magoli ya kufunga !Magoli ya kufungwa !Tofauti ya magoli !Pointi !Kufuzu |- |1 |{{flag|Morocco}} |4 |4 |0 |0 |10 |2 | +8 |'''12''' |[[2026 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations|Mashindano ya fainali]] (nchi mwenyeji) |- |2 |{{flag|Algeria}} |4 |2 |1 |1 |7 |5 | +2 |'''7''' |[[2026 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations|Mashindano ya fainali]] |- |3 |{{flag|Egypt}} |4 |2 |0 |2 |4 |4 |0 |'''6''' |— |- |4 |{{flag|Tunisia}} |4 |1 |1 |2 |3 |5 |−2 |'''4''' |— |- |5 |{{flag|Libya}} (H) |4 |0 |0 |4 |4 |12 |−8 |'''0''' |— |} Chanzo: UNAF Vigezo vya kupanga timu kwenye msimamo: # Idadi ya pointi; # Tofauti ya magoli; # Idadi ya magoli yaliyofungwa. (H): Mwenyeji wa mashindano.<ref>https://www.cafonline.com/caf-u-17-africa-cup-of-nations/news/nigeria-face-tough-defence-as-burkina-faso-lie-in-wait-at-u17-wafu-b-afcon-qualifiers/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wanaume]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Mpira wa Miguu]] ikgb25exu7ortgm7nz54oknvmx8kamd 0 257354 1615273 2026-11-07T13:38:46Z Ester Gasper Kimario 70787 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tumelo Khutlang''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[23 Oktoba]] [[1995]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka wa kulipwa kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Kwa sasa anacheza nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya Lijabatho FC inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Lesotho. Hapo awali aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya ''Moroka Swallows FC'' iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi Kuu ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. Akiwa katika timu za taifa za vijana, alishiriki Mashindano ya COSAFA kwa vijana wenye umri chini ya miaka 20 ya mwaka [...' 1615273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo Khutlang''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[23 Oktoba]] [[1995]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa soka wa kulipwa kutoka [[Lesotho]]. Kwa sasa anacheza nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya Lijabatho FC inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Lesotho. Hapo awali aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya ''Moroka Swallows FC'' iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi Kuu ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. Akiwa katika timu za taifa za vijana, alishiriki Mashindano ya COSAFA kwa vijana wenye umri chini ya miaka 20 ya mwaka [[2013]] na mechi za kufuzu kwa Mashindano ya Afrika ya vijana chini ya miaka 20 ya mwaka [[2015]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://futaa.com/ug/article/77001/cosafa-u20-khutlang-denies-kenya-full-points|title=COSAFA U20: Khutlang denies Kenya full points|work=Futaa|first=Vincent|last=Opiyo|date=6 December 2013|access-date=1 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news-center/news/lesotho-tunisia-in-big-wins|title=Lesotho, Tunisia in big wins|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|date=7 April 2014|access-date=1 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="NFT">{{cite web|url=http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/59242/Tumelo_Khutlang.html|title=Khutlang, Tumelo|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=4 April 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1995]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Lesotho]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nzgxemi7gddx71fbcyhxu6mvxiheg4x 0 257355 1615274 2026-11-07T13:38:51Z Zubeda03 83744 Anzisha Makala 1615274 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Mchujo wa Kufuzu kwa Mashindano ya Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 ya mwaka 1997 (AFCON U-17 1997)''' yalikuwa mashindano ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] wa kiume chini ya miaka 17.<ref>https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-97.html</ref> Mashindano hayo yalilenga kuamua [[timu]] za [[taifa]] ambazo zingepata nafasi ya kushiriki katika hatua ya [[fainali]] ya Mashindano ya Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] kwa Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 ya mwaka [[1997]]. == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] b1jap86ba59t6wfwzogl3ksidjohajv 1615275 1615274 2026-11-07T13:39:49Z Zubeda03 83744 Maboresho 1615275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mashindano ya Mchujo wa Kufuzu kwa Mashindano ya Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 ya mwaka 1997 (AFCON U-17 1997)''' yalikuwa mashindano ya [[Mpira wa miguu|soka]] kwa [[Ujana|vijana]] wa kiume chini ya miaka 17.<ref>https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u17-97.html</ref> Mashindano hayo yalilenga kuamua [[timu]] za [[taifa]] ambazo zingepata nafasi ya kushiriki katika hatua ya [[fainali]] ya Mashindano ya Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] kwa Vijana chini ya Miaka 17 ya mwaka [[1997]]. == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Mashindano ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] <references />{{Mbegu-michezo}} 6rcrgyv7ykt8e1elul65khtfh9kmfk3 0 257356 1615276 2026-11-07T13:42:24Z CaliBen 33319 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:270px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Kombe la COSAFA la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20 2010''' |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Botswana]] |- ! Tarehe | 3–12 Desemba 2010 |- ! Timu | 13 (kutoka shirikisho 1) |- ! Viwanja | 2 (katika miji 2) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Zambia]] |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pil...' 1615276 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:270px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Kombe la COSAFA la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20 2010''' |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Botswana]] |- ! Tarehe | 3–12 Desemba 2010 |- ! Timu | 13 (kutoka shirikisho 1) |- ! Viwanja | 2 (katika miji 2) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Zambia]] |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pili | [[Namibia]] |- ! style="background:#cc9966" | Mshindi wa tatu | [[Zimbabwe]] |- ! Nafasi ya nne | [[Madagaska]] |- ! colspan="2" | Takwimu za mashindano |- ! Mechi | 19 |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | ← 2009 · [[Kombe la COSAFA la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20 2011|2011]] → |} '''Kombe la COSAFA la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20 2010''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''2010 COSAFA U-20 Cup'') lilikuwa toleo la 19 la mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] yanayoshirikisha timu za vijana kutoka [[Kusini mwa Afrika]]. [[Botswana]] ilikuwa mwenyeji wa mashindano haya.<ref>[http://www.kickoff.com/news/18286/cosafa-metropolitan-u-20-championships-moves-to-botswana.php "Cosafa moves tourney to Botswana"]. Kickoff.com ([https://web.archive.org/web/20101018073848/http://www.kickoff.com/news/18286/cosafa-metropolitan-u-20-championships-moves-to-botswana.php nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 18 Oktoba 2010). Ilitazamwa tarehe 26 Oktoba 2010.</ref> [[Zambia]] ilitetea ubingwa wake baada ya kuishinda [[Namibia]] 4–1 katika fainali. == Washiriki == {| class="wikitable" style="width:80%" ! Kundi A !! Kundi B !! Kundi C !! Kundi D |- style="vertical-align:top" | * [[Botswana]] (mwenyeji) * [[Eswatini]] * [[Zimbabwe]] * [[Malawi]]<ref group="kumbuka">Ilijitoa kwa mwaka wa pili mfululizo.</ref> | * [[Afrika Kusini]] * [[Lesotho]] * [[Namibia]] | * [[Zambia]] * [[Morisi]] * [[Angola]] | * [[Komoro]]<ref group="kumbuka">Ilijitoa.</ref> * [[Madagaska]] * [[Msumbiji]] * [[Shelisheli]] |} == Hatua ya makundi == Saa zote ni za [[UTC+02:00|UTC+2]]. Alama <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> inaonyesha mechi ambayo matokeo yake hayajulikani. === Kundi A === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 3 Desemba 2010 || 16:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Botswana]] || '''0–3''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Zimbabwe]]''' || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |- | 5 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Botswana]]''' || '''2–0''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Eswatini]] || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |- | 7 Desemba 2010 || 17:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Eswatini]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | [[Zimbabwe]] || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |} * '''Wafungaji, Botswana 2–0 Eswatini:''' Tafa (mabao 2; moja dakika ya 12') === Kundi B === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 4 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Lesotho]] || '''2–2''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Namibia]] || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |- | 7 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Afrika Kusini]] || '''1–2''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Lesotho]]''' || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |- | 8 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Afrika Kusini]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | [[Namibia]] || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |} === Kundi C === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 4 Desemba 2010 || 17:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Zambia]] || '''2–2''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Angola]] || [[Uwanja wa Lobatse]], [[Lobatse]] |- | 5 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Morisi]] || '''1–2''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Angola]]''' || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |- | 8 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Zambia]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | [[Morisi]] || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |} * '''Zambia 2–2 Angola:''' Lungu 15', Phiri 66' (Zambia); Vunge 13', Sequeira 44' (Angola). Baiao (Angola) alipewa kadi nyekundu dakika ya 28'. Mwamuzi: Kutlwano Leso (Botswana). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110708194137/http://www.cosafa.com/livefeed/livefeed.php?hash=afb27a39cb036b73349ef2a77eb49301&mnid=4&page= Ripoti] === Kundi D === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 4 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Madagaska]]''' || '''5–0''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Shelisheli]] || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |- | 5 Desemba 2010 || 17:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Shelisheli]] || '''0–2''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Msumbiji]]''' || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |- | 8 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Msumbiji]] || '''0–2''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Madagaska]]''' || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |} * '''Wafungaji, Madagaska 5–0 Shelisheli:''' Rakotondramantra (mabao 2) * '''Msumbiji 0–2 Madagaska:''' [http://www.starafrica.com/en/sport/football/article/cosafa-u-20-madagascar-bareas-ahead-o-131301.html Ripoti] == Hatua ya mtoano == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | Nusu fainali (10 Desemba) !! colspan="2" | Fainali (12 Desemba) |- | style="text-align:left" | [[Zimbabwe]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left" | '''[[Zambia]]'''<br />[[Namibia]] || rowspan="2" | '''4'''<br />1 |- | style="text-align:left" | '''[[Zambia]]''' || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> |- | style="text-align:left" | '''[[Namibia]]''' || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || colspan="2" style="background:#eaecf0" | '''Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu (12 Desemba)''' |- | style="text-align:left" | [[Madagaska]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Zimbabwe]]'''<br />[[Madagaska]] || '''3'''<br />1 |} === Nusu fainali === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 10 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Zimbabwe]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | [[Zambia]] || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |- | 10 Desemba 2010 || 17:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Namibia]] || <abbr title="Matokeo hayajulikani">?</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | [[Madagaska]] || [[Uwanja wa Molepolole]], [[Molepolole]] |} === Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 12 Desemba 2010 || 11:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Zimbabwe]]''' || '''3–1''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Madagaska]] || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |} === Fainali === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 12 Desemba 2010 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Zambia]]''' || '''4–1''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Namibia]] || [[Uwanja wa Chuo Kikuu cha Botswana|Uwanja wa UB]], [[Gaborone]] |} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.cosafa.com Tovuti ya COSAFA] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210802182559/https://www.cosafa.com/ nakala iliyohifadhiwa] tarehe 2 Agosti 2021) * [https://www.lusakatimes.com/2010/12/12/zambia-retain-cosafa-u20-title/ Zambia Retain Cosafa U20 Title] – Lusaka Times * [https://www.sundaystandard.info/zambia-wins-the-metropolitan-cosafa-tournament/ Zambia wins the Metropolitan COSAFA tournament] – Sunday Standard == Maelezo == <references group="kumbuka" /> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] 0ot5v7g1l7tlp8hyr4tp5yagxxr4s9w 0 257357 1615280 2026-11-07T13:50:12Z CaliBen 33319 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:280px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika 1991'''<br /><small>''إنشاء بطولة أفريقيا لكرة القدم للشباب 1991''</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Misri]] |- ! Miji | [[Kairo]], [[Aleksandria]], [[Ismailia]] |- ! Tarehe | 22 Februari – 8 Machi |- ! Timu | 6 |- ! Viwanja | 3 (katika miji 3) |- ! colspan="2"...' 1615280 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:280px; font-size:90%" |+ '''Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika 1991'''<br /><small>''إنشاء بطولة أفريقيا لكرة القدم للشباب 1991''</small> |- ! colspan="2" | Maelezo ya mashindano |- ! Nchi mwenyeji | [[Misri]] |- ! Miji | [[Kairo]], [[Aleksandria]], [[Ismailia]] |- ! Tarehe | 22 Februari – 8 Machi |- ! Timu | 6 |- ! Viwanja | 3 (katika miji 3) |- ! colspan="2" | Nafasi za mwisho |- ! style="background:gold" | Bingwa | [[Misri]] (taji la 2) |- ! style="background:silver" | Mshindi wa pili | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] |- ! style="background:#cc9966" | Mshindi wa tatu | [[Ghana]] |- ! Nafasi ya nne | [[Zambia]] |- ! colspan="2" | Takwimu za mashindano |- ! Mechi | 10 |- ! Mabao | 19 (wastani wa 1.9 kwa mechi) |- ! Mfungaji bora | Moustafa Sadek ([[Misri]], mabao 3) |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | ← 1989 · [[Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika 1993|1993]] → |} '''Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika 1991''' yalikuwa mashindano ya [[mpira wa miguu]] kwa wachezaji walio chini ya umri wa miaka 20, ndani ya [[Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika la Vijana chini ya Miaka 20|Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika]]. Yalifanyika nchini [[Misri]] kuanzia tarehe 22 Februari hadi 8 Machi 1991. Timu mbili bora zilifuzu kwa Mashindano ya Dunia ya FIFA ya Vijana 1991. == Kufuzu == === Raundi ya kwanza === Mechi za mkondo wa kwanza zilichezwa tarehe 10–12 Agosti 1990, na za mkondo wa pili tarehe 24–26 Agosti 1990. [[Burkina Faso]], [[Liberia]], [[Jamhuri ya Kongo|Kongo]] na [[Morisi]] zilijitoa. Kwa hiyo [[Togo]], [[Ghana]], [[Kamerun]] na [[Zimbabwe]] zilisonga mbele hadi raundi ya pili, huku [[Algeria]], Ghana na [[Mali]] zikisonga mbele bila kucheza. [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] ilijitoa baada ya mkondo wa kwanza. [[Gabon]] ilipewa ushindi wa 2–0 kwa mkondo wa pili na kusonga mbele hadi raundi ya pili. [[Guinea]] iliondolewa mashindanoni kwa kuwachezesha wachezaji wasiostahili. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right; width:200px" | Timu 1 !! style="width:90px" | <abbr title="Jumla ya mabao">Jumla</abbr> !! style="text-align:left; width:200px" | Timu 2 !! style="width:80px" | Mkondo wa 1 !! style="width:80px" | Mkondo wa 2 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Mauritania]] || 1–3 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Moroko]]''' || 1–2 || 0–1 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Niger]] || 1–2 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Tunisia]]''' || 1–1 || 0–1 |- | style="text-align:right" | '''[[Sierra Leone]]''' || 1–0 || style="text-align:left" | [[Senegal]] || 1–0 || 0–0 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Benin]] || 1–2 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Côte d'Ivoire]]''' || 0–2 || 1–0 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Guinea]] || 5–0 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Gambia]]''' || 2–0 || 3–0 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Lesotho]] || 0–1 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Zambia]]''' || 0–0 || 0–1 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] || 1–3 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Gabon]]''' || 1–1 || 0–2 |- | style="text-align:right" | '''[[Ethiopia]]''' || 4–4 <abbr title="Kanuni ya bao la ugenini">(ug.)</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | [[Uganda]] || 2–1 || 2–3 |} === Raundi ya pili === Mechi za mkondo wa kwanza zilichezwa tarehe 27–29 Oktoba 1990, na za mkondo wa pili tarehe 11 Novemba 1990. Washindi walisonga mbele hadi fainali nchini Misri. Togo ilijitoa, na hivyo Algeria ikafuzu kwa fainali, huku Gabon ikiondolewa mashindanoni kwa kuwachezesha wachezaji wasiostahili. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! style="text-align:right; width:200px" | Timu 1 !! style="width:90px" | <abbr title="Jumla ya mabao">Jumla</abbr> !! style="text-align:left; width:200px" | Timu 2 !! style="width:80px" | Mkondo wa 1 !! style="width:80px" | Mkondo wa 2 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Moroko]] || 2–4 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Tunisia]]''' || 1–2 || 1–2 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Sierra Leone]] || 3–3 <abbr title="Kanuni ya bao la ugenini">(ug.)</abbr> || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Côte d'Ivoire]]''' || 3–1 || 0–2 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Mali]] || 0–6 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Ghana]]''' || 0–0 || 0–6 |- | style="text-align:right" | '''[[Zambia]]''' || 3–4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Gabon]] || 1–1 || 2–3 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Gambia]] || 0–5 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Kamerun]]''' || 0–4 || 0–1 |- | style="text-align:right" | [[Zimbabwe]] || 2–4 || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Ethiopia]]''' || 1–1 || 1–3 |} == Timu == Algeria na Tunisia hazikushiriki katika fainali kwa sababu ya [[Vita vya Ghuba]].^{[''chanzo kinahitajika'']} Timu zifuatazo zilifuzu kwa fainali: * [[Kamerun]] * [[Côte d'Ivoire]] * [[Misri]] (mwenyeji) * [[Ethiopia]] * [[Ghana]] * [[Zambia]] == Hatua ya makundi == === Kundi A === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Nafasi !! style="width:170px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> !! Hatua inayofuata |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]]<ref group="kumbuka">Timu zote tatu zililingana kwa matokeo ya mechi kati yao, tofauti ya mabao na mabao yaliyofungwa, kwa hiyo nafasi za mwisho ziliamuliwa kwa kura.</ref> || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 0 || '''2''' || rowspan="2" style="background:#BBF3BB" | Nusu fainali |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Misri]] <small>'''(M)'''</small> || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 0 || '''2''' |- | 3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Kamerun]] || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 0 || '''2''' || |} <small>''(M)'' – Mwenyeji</small> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 22 Februari 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || '''1–1''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Kamerun]] || [[Uwanja wa Aleksandria]], [[Aleksandria]] |- | 25 Februari 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || '''1–1''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Misri]] || [[Uwanja wa Aleksandria]], [[Aleksandria]] |- | 28 Februari 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | [[Kamerun]] || '''1–1''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Misri]] || [[Uwanja wa Aleksandria]], [[Aleksandria]] |} === Kundi B === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Nafasi !! style="width:170px" | Timu !! <abbr title="Mechi">M</abbr> !! <abbr title="Ushindi">U</abbr> !! <abbr title="Sare">S</abbr> !! <abbr title="Kufungwa">K</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufunga">MF</abbr> !! <abbr title="Mabao ya kufungwa">MK</abbr> !! <abbr title="Tofauti ya mabao">TM</abbr> !! <abbr title="Pointi">P</abbr> !! Hatua inayofuata |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Ghana]] || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0 || +2 || '''6''' || rowspan="2" style="background:#BBF3BB" | Nusu fainali |- style="background:#BBF3BB" | 2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Zambia]] || 2 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 3 || 0 || '''3''' |- | 3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Ethiopia]] || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 4 || −2 || '''0''' || |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 23 Februari 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Ghana]]''' || '''1–0''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Zambia]] || [[Uwanja wa Ismailia]], [[Ismailia]] |- | 26 Februari 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Ghana]]''' || '''1–0''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Ethiopia]] || [[Uwanja wa Ismailia]], [[Ismailia]] |- | 1 Machi 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Zambia]]''' || '''3–2''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Ethiopia]] || [[Uwanja wa Ismailia]], [[Ismailia]] |} == Hatua ya mtoano == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | Nusu fainali !! colspan="2" | Fainali (8 Machi) |- | style="text-align:left" | A1 '''[[Côte d'Ivoire]]''' || '''0 (4)''' || rowspan="2" style="text-align:left" | '''[[Misri]]'''<br />[[Côte d'Ivoire]] || rowspan="2" | '''2'''<br />1 |- | style="text-align:left" | B2 [[Zambia]] || 0 (3) |- | style="text-align:left" | B1 [[Ghana]] || 0 || colspan="2" style="background:#eaecf0" | '''Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu (8 Machi)''' |- | style="text-align:left" | A2 '''[[Misri]]''' || '''1''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Ghana]]'''<br />[[Zambia]] || '''2'''<br />0 |} <small>Namba ndani ya mabano ni matokeo ya mikwaju ya penalti.</small> === Nusu fainali === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 4 Machi 1991 || 14:30 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Côte d'Ivoire]]''' || '''0–0 <small>(pen. 4–3)</small>''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Zambia]] || [[Uwanja wa Aleksandria]], [[Aleksandria]] |- | 5 Machi 1991 || 14:30 || style="text-align:right" | [[Ghana]] || '''0–1''' || style="text-align:left" | '''[[Misri]]''' || [[Uwanja wa Ismailia]], [[Ismailia]] |} === Mechi ya mshindi wa tatu === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 8 Machi 1991 || 13:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Ghana]]''' || '''2–0''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Zambia]] || [[Uwanja wa Kimataifa wa Kairo]], [[Kairo]] |} === Fainali === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Tarehe !! Saa !! style="text-align:right; width:150px" | Timu 1 !! Matokeo !! style="text-align:left; width:150px" | Timu 2 !! Uwanja |- | 8 Machi 1991 || 15:00 || style="text-align:right" | '''[[Misri]]''' || '''2–1''' || style="text-align:left" | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || [[Uwanja wa Kimataifa wa Kairo]], [[Kairo]] |} * '''Wafungaji:''' Tamer Sakr 55', Moustafa Sadek 57' (Misri); Mambo Ossou 80' (pen.) (Côte d'Ivoire) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; width:30%" |- ! Bingwa wa Mashindano ya Vijana ya Afrika 1991 |- | '''[[Misri]]'''<br />'''Taji la 2''' |} == Waliofuzu kwa Mashindano ya Dunia ya Vijana == Timu mbili zilizofanya vizuri zaidi zilifuzu kwa Mashindano ya Dunia ya FIFA ya Vijana 1991. * [[Côte d'Ivoire]] * [[Misri]] == Maelezo == <references group="kumbuka" /> == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-u21-91.html Matokeo] kwenye RSSSF [[Jamii:Mpira wa Miguu Afrika]] biz6pcfazvu2nbcblf9ap2cknshymz1 0 257358 1615281 2026-11-07T13:50:45Z Grace Daudi 93413 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kenza Fourati''' ni mwanamitindo mwenye asili ya Tunisia na Ufaransa.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_(person)]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_(person)</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Fourati alizaliwa mjini [[Lille|Lille,]] kaskazini mwa [[Ufaransa]],Mei 13, 1987. Alihamia nchini [[Tunisia]] pamoja na familia yake akiwa na umri wa miezi miwili, na alikulia katika mji wa pwani ya La Marsa.Fourati alisoma katika shule ya sekondari ya K...' 1615281 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kenza Fourati''' ni mwanamitindo mwenye asili ya Tunisia na Ufaransa.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_(person)]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_(person)</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Fourati alizaliwa mjini [[Lille|Lille,]] kaskazini mwa [[Ufaransa]],Mei 13, 1987. Alihamia nchini [[Tunisia]] pamoja na familia yake akiwa na umri wa miezi miwili, na alikulia katika mji wa pwani ya La Marsa.Fourati alisoma katika shule ya sekondari ya Kifaransa nchini Tunisia na alianza kazi ya uanamitindo baada ya kuhitimu. Muda mfupi baadaye, alihamia [[Paris]] ili kuendelea na masomo katika ''Chuo Kikuu cha Paris-Sorbonne.[https://www.instagram.com/p/BFXHxZkhi0R/p/iqRAd/?taken-by=kenzafourati]''<ref>https://www.instagram.com/p/BFXHxZkhi0R/p/iqRAd/?taken-by=kenzafourati</ref> == Kazi == Mwaka [[2002]], akiwa na umri wa miaka 15, Fourati alishika nafasi ya tatu katika ''mashindano ya Elite Model'' ''Look'' na kusaini mkataba wa kufanya kazi na kampuni ya ''Elite Model Management.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite_Model_Management]''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite_Model_Management</ref> == Maisha Binafsi == Fourati ameishi katika nchi za Tunisia, Ufaransa, Uingereza na Marekani. Kwa sasa anaishi mjini New York.[https://globalgrind.com/1712318/supermodel-kenza-fourati-sports-illustrated-muslim-photos/]<ref>https://globalgrind.com/1712318/supermodel-kenza-fourati-sports-illustrated-muslim-photos/</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake nchi kwa nchi]] 7gr9slwitcmlepho3o9m6bq1upptw75 0 257359 1615350 2026-11-07T16:48:07Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Candice Cuoco''' (amezaliwa [[8 Aprili]], [[1988]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], aliyefika hatua ya fainali katika Msimu wa 14 wa kipindi cha ''Project Runway''.<ref name="The Wrap 2015-11-05">{{cite news |url=http://www.thewrap.com/project-runway-crowns-season-14-winner-sparks-outrage-on-social-media/ |title=''Project Runway'' Crowns Season 14 Winner, Social Media Explodes |author=Debbie Emery |work=[[TheWrap.com]] |date=November 5, 2...' 1615350 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Candice Cuoco''' (amezaliwa [[8 Aprili]], [[1988]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], aliyefika hatua ya fainali katika Msimu wa 14 wa kipindi cha ''Project Runway''.<ref name="The Wrap 2015-11-05">{{cite news |url=http://www.thewrap.com/project-runway-crowns-season-14-winner-sparks-outrage-on-social-media/ |title=''Project Runway'' Crowns Season 14 Winner, Social Media Explodes |author=Debbie Emery |work=[[TheWrap.com]] |date=November 5, 2015 |access-date=May 6, 2017 }}</ref><ref name="officialsite">{{Cite web |title=Meet Candice Cuoco |url=https://candicecuoco.com/about-candice-cuoco/ |access-date=2022-08-13 |website=Candice Cuoco |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] c570m195vhajelx8hrtuvsh4ksiywjo 0 257360 1615352 2026-11-07T16:51:21Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Caresse Crosby''' (aliyezaliwa '''Mary Phelps Jacob'''; [[20 Aprili], [[1892]] – [[24 Januari]], [[1970]]) alikuwa mchapishaji na [[mwandishi]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Jarida la ''Time'' lilimtaja kuwa "mlezi wa kifasihi wa kizazi cha Kizazi Kilichopotea cha waandishi wahamiaji waliokuwa Paris."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,876589,00.html|title=Milestones: Feb. 9, 1970|date=February 9, 1970|magazine=Time|access...' 1615352 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caresse Crosby''' (aliyezaliwa '''Mary Phelps Jacob'''; [[20 Aprili], [[1892]] – [[24 Januari]], [[1970]]) alikuwa mchapishaji na [[mwandishi]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Jarida la ''Time'' lilimtaja kuwa "mlezi wa kifasihi wa kizazi cha Kizazi Kilichopotea cha waandishi wahamiaji waliokuwa Paris."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,876589,00.html|title=Milestones: Feb. 9, 1970|date=February 9, 1970|magazine=Time|access-date=19 March 2010|url-access=subscription |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030172443/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,876589,00.html|archive-date=30 October 2010}}</ref><ref name=cosmo>{{cite journal|publisher=International Magazine Company, Inc.|journal=Cosmopolitan|year=1947|volume=122|page=153|title=Caress Crosby}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1892|1970}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] jp5i1ms89k8cf6laox9iwpvvfw7rtli 0 257361 1615354 2026-11-07T16:54:28Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fannie Criss''' ([[15 Oktoba]], [[1867]] — [[2 Februari]], [[1942]]) alikuwa mbunifu [[Mwafrika]]-[[Mmarekani]] wa mwishoni mwa karne ya 19 na karne ya 20, aliyebobea katika kutengeneza kwa mikono magauni na [[mavazi]] ya kifahari kwa wateja wa tabaka la juu katika [[Richmond, Virginia]] na [[New York City]].<ref name="Kennedy Benson-2017">{{Cite thesis|last=Kennedy Benson|first=Samii|date=2017|title=Black fashion designers matter: A qualitative study...' 1615354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fannie Criss''' ([[15 Oktoba]], [[1867]] — [[2 Februari]], [[1942]]) alikuwa mbunifu [[Mwafrika]]-[[Mmarekani]] wa mwishoni mwa karne ya 19 na karne ya 20, aliyebobea katika kutengeneza kwa mikono magauni na [[mavazi]] ya kifahari kwa wateja wa tabaka la juu katika [[Richmond, Virginia]] na [[New York City]].<ref name="Kennedy Benson-2017">{{Cite thesis|last=Kennedy Benson|first=Samii|date=2017|title=Black fashion designers matter: A qualitative study exploring the experiences of Black female fashion design entrepreneurs|url=https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/16154|type=PhD dissertation |publisher=Iowa State University |doi=10.31274/etd-180810-5783|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Stewart">Stewart, K. E. (2021). Dressing Up: The Rise of Fannie Criss. In E. Way (Ed.), Black Designers in American fashion. essay, Bloomsbury Visual Arts. </ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1867|1942}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 3cvr9z35x4ryedjjpuq0n6zumsepovo 0 257362 1615356 2026-11-07T16:56:34Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615356 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Fahriye Evcen at Cannes 2017 (3) - cropped.png|thumb|Fahriye Evcen]] '''Fahriye Evcen Özçivit''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Evcen'''; alizaliwa [[4 Juni]] [[1986]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Uturuki]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Ujerumani]]. Anajulikana kwa nafasi zake za uigizaji katika misururu ya [[televisheni]] ya ''Yaprak Dökümü'' (2006–2010) na ''Çalıkuşu'' (2013–2014), ambayo yote imetokana na [[riwaya]] zilizoandikwa na Reşat Nuri Güntekin. == Maisha na kazi == Akiwa na umri mdogo, wakati wa likizo nchini Uturuki, alishiriki katika kipindi cha televisheni cha ''Oya Aydoğan'', ambaye alimtambulisha kwa mtayarishaji wa filamu İbrahim Mertoğlu. Mojawapo ya nafasi zake za kwanza zilizompatia umaarufu ilikuwa kuigiza mhusika Necla katika mfululizo wa televisheni wa ''Yaprak Dökümü''. Kwa upande wa [[filamu]], alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika filamu ya ''Cennet'', iliyotolewa mwaka 2008. Katika mwaka huohuo, alipata nafasi ya kuongoza katika filamu ya ''Aşk Tutulması''.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2274696/</ref><ref>https://www.sabah.com.tr/fahriye-evcen-kimdir</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} 92xtwiv7aylss74if88mgi78ukoziac 0 257363 1615357 2026-11-07T16:59:06Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bethany Sharayah Cosentino''' (amezaliwa [[3 Novemba]] [[1986]], [[Los Angeles]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mmoja wa washiriki wawili wa kundi la muziki wa indie rock la Best Coast, pamoja na Bobb Bruno. Pia, Cosentino alianzisha kwa pamoja bendi ya hypnagogic pop iitwayo Pocahaunted mwaka 2006, kabla ya kuondoka mwaka 2010.<ref name="LAT int">{{Cite news |last=Diehl |first=Matt |date=January 21,...' 1615357 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bethany Sharayah Cosentino''' (amezaliwa [[3 Novemba]] [[1986]], [[Los Angeles]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mmoja wa washiriki wawili wa kundi la muziki wa indie rock la Best Coast, pamoja na Bobb Bruno. Pia, Cosentino alianzisha kwa pamoja bendi ya hypnagogic pop iitwayo Pocahaunted mwaka 2006, kabla ya kuondoka mwaka 2010.<ref name="LAT int">{{Cite news |last=Diehl |first=Matt |date=January 21, 2011 |title=On eve of co-headlining tour, a double interview with Wavves' Nathan Williams and Best Coast's Bethany Cosentino (Part One) |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/blogs/pop-hiss/story/2011-01-21/on-eve-of-co-headlining-tour-a-double-interview-with-wavves-nathan-williams-and-best-coasts-bethany-cosentino-part-one |access-date=July 31, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Manning |first=Kara |date=June 25, 2020 |title=Best Coast's Bethany Cosentino |url=https://wfuv.org/content/bethany-cosentino-qa |access-date=May 27, 2026 |work=[[WFUV]]}}</ref><ref name="It Girl">{{Cite news |last=Garvey |first=Meaghan |date=August 4, 2023 |title=You Can't Millennial-Shame Bethany Cosentino |work=[[The Cut (website)|The Cut]] |url=https://www.thecut.com/2023/08/bethany-cosentino-natural-disaster-solo-album-interview.html |access-date=August 20, 2023}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 5z6tcbyky86o4ybgbp90q86ri4fw6r8 0 257364 1615360 2026-11-07T17:04:30Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615360 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Büşra Develi''' (alizaliwa [[25 Agosti]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Uturuki]]. == Maisha na kazi == Baada ya kumaliza elimu yake ya msingi, alihamia mjini [[Antalya]] pamoja na [[familia]] yake, ambako alimaliza elimu ya sekondari na ya shule ya upili. Baadaye, alihamia mjini [[Istanbul]] ili kusomea maigizo ya jukwaani na uigizaji. Baada ya kufaulu mitihani ya kujiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu|chuo kikuu]], alijiunga na Idara ya Sanaa za Maigizo katika Chuo Kikuu cha ''Mimar Sinan.'' Pia alishiriki katika [[video]] ya [[muziki]] ya wimbo ulioimbwa na Enbe Orkestrası pamoja na İlyas Yalçıntaş. Mwaka 2015, aliigiza mhusika Selin katika [[tamthilia]] ya [[televisheni]] ya ''Tatlı Küçük Yalancılar'', ambayo ni toleo la Kituruki la tamthilia ya [[Marekani]] ya ''Pretty Little Liars''. Katika tamthilia hiyo aliigiza pamoja na aliyekuwa mpenzi wake, Burak Deniz. Baadaye, aliigiza nafasi ya Rüzgar katika tamthilia ya ''Tatlı İntikam''. Pia alipata nafasi ya kuongoza katika tamthilia ya mtandaoni ya ''Fi'', iliyotokana na [[riwaya]].<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7487576/</ref><ref>https://www.sozcu.com.tr/tatli-kucuk-yalancilar-dizisi-6-temmuzda-star-tv-basliyor-wp868995</ref><ref>https://www.haberturk.com/busra-develi-kimdir-2147734-magazin</ref><ref>https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/magazin/cekimler-zor-ama-keyifliydi-40748096</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} eu5znim8k6y2vfum6838pvvns8h0eod 0 257365 1615361 2026-11-07T17:06:01Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joy Elizabeth Corrigan''' ni [[mwanamitindo]], [[mwigizaji]], mbunifu wa mitindo na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2018-11-23 |title=What a Beautiful Girl Wants: Joy Corrigan - Maxim |url=https://www.maxim.com/women/what-joy-corrigan-wants-2018-11/ |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=www.maxim.com |language=en-US}}</ref>Yeye ni mwanamitindo wa zamani wa [[mavazi]] ya kuogelea wa jarida la ''Sports Illustrated...' 1615361 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joy Elizabeth Corrigan''' ni [[mwanamitindo]], [[mwigizaji]], mbunifu wa mitindo na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2018-11-23 |title=What a Beautiful Girl Wants: Joy Corrigan - Maxim |url=https://www.maxim.com/women/what-joy-corrigan-wants-2018-11/ |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=www.maxim.com |language=en-US}}</ref>Yeye ni mwanamitindo wa zamani wa [[mavazi]] ya kuogelea wa jarida la ''Sports Illustrated'',<ref name=":7">{{Cite magazine |date=2017-11-02 |title=Sports Illustrated Swimsuit 2018 Casting Calls: Joy Corrigan |url=https://swimsuit.si.com/swimsearch/joy-corrigan-sports-illustrated-swimsuit-2018-casting-calls |access-date=2023-03-21 |magazine=Sports Illustrated}}</ref>. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] czb8lrqf9hbusbjo80gj4tdi6404ltv 1615452 1615361 2026-11-07T22:35:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joy Elizabeth Corrigan''' ni [[mwanamitindo]], [[mwigizaji]], mbunifu wa mitindo na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]<ref name=":4">{{Rejea tovuti |date=2018-11-23 |title=What a Beautiful Girl Wants: Joy Corrigan - Maxim |url=https://www.maxim.com/women/what-joy-corrigan-wants-2018-11/ |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=www.maxim.com |language=en-US}}</ref>Yeye ni mwanamitindo wa zamani wa [[mavazi]] ya kuogelea wa jarida la ''Sports Illustrated'',<ref name=":7">{{Cite magazine |date=2017-11-02 |title=Sports Illustrated Swimsuit 2018 Casting Calls: Joy Corrigan |url=https://swimsuit.si.com/swimsearch/joy-corrigan-sports-illustrated-swimsuit-2018-casting-calls |access-date=2023-03-21 |magazine=Sports Illustrated}}</ref>. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 3wj4sfdnkwzaf40ly41pp9dohh0ohj8 0 257366 1615364 2026-11-07T17:08:45Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Cornejo''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] aliyezaliwa [[Chile]] na mwenye makao yake [[New York]], anayejulikana kwa mkusanyiko wake wa mavazi wa Zero + Maria Cornejo.<ref name="LennyLetter-FeatureInterview-2016">{{cite news |last1=Garcia |first1=Laia |date=11 March 2016 |title=The Lenny Interview: Maria Cornejo |work=[[Lenny Letter]] |url=http://www.lennyletter.com/style/interviews/a298/the-lenny-interview-maria-cornejo/ |access-date=11 March 2016 |ar...' 1615364 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Cornejo''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] aliyezaliwa [[Chile]] na mwenye makao yake [[New York]], anayejulikana kwa mkusanyiko wake wa mavazi wa Zero + Maria Cornejo.<ref name="LennyLetter-FeatureInterview-2016">{{cite news |last1=Garcia |first1=Laia |date=11 March 2016 |title=The Lenny Interview: Maria Cornejo |work=[[Lenny Letter]] |url=http://www.lennyletter.com/style/interviews/a298/the-lenny-interview-maria-cornejo/ |access-date=11 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510065244/http://www.lennyletter.com/style/interviews/a298/the-lenny-interview-maria-cornejo/ |archive-date=2017-05-10}}</ref><ref name="HReporter-AliceAwese-2012">{{Cite web |last1=Ginsberg |first1=Merle |date=19 June 2012 |title=Designer Maria Cornejo on Her New Show With Artist Alice Waese and Wearing Her Own Designs (Q&A) |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/fash-track/zero-maria-cornejo-alice-waese-338959 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226034418/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/style/designer-maria-cornejo-her-new-show-artist-alice-waese-wearing-her-own-designs-q-a-338959/ |archive-date=2023-12-26 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962 |}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 0czmiom7t5g1tmy1pyddadyxc0skssf 1615474 1615364 2026-11-07T23:22:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Cornejo''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] aliyezaliwa [[Chile]] na mwenye makao yake [[New York]], anayejulikana kwa mkusanyiko wake wa mavazi wa Zero + Maria Cornejo.<ref name="LennyLetter-FeatureInterview-2016">{{cite news |last1=Garcia |first1=Laia |date=11 March 2016 |title=The Lenny Interview: Maria Cornejo |work=[[Lenny Letter]] |url=http://www.lennyletter.com/style/interviews/a298/the-lenny-interview-maria-cornejo/ |access-date=11 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510065244/http://www.lennyletter.com/style/interviews/a298/the-lenny-interview-maria-cornejo/ |archive-date=2017-05-10}}</ref><ref name="HReporter-AliceAwese-2012">{{Rejea tovuti |last1=Ginsberg |first1=Merle |date=19 June 2012 |title=Designer Maria Cornejo on Her New Show With Artist Alice Waese and Wearing Her Own Designs (Q&A) |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/fash-track/zero-maria-cornejo-alice-waese-338959 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226034418/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/style/designer-maria-cornejo-her-new-show-artist-alice-waese-wearing-her-own-designs-q-a-338959/ |archive-date=2023-12-26 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962 |}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] r1g90l5gr7x0j2ts3zmrt9wem5mlyjv 0 257367 1615365 2026-11-07T17:12:02Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Calleen Cordero''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] ya viatu na vifaa vya urembo kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye asili ya [[Marin County]], [[California]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carballo |first=Charlie |date=2017-07-08 |title=Calleen Cordero Collaborates With Donna Karan's Urban Zen Stores, Launches Men's Sandal Collection |url=https://footwearnews.com/2017/focus/mens/calleen-cordero-donna-karan-urban-zen-sandals-390428/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=Footwear Ne...' 1615365 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Calleen Cordero''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] ya viatu na vifaa vya urembo kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye asili ya [[Marin County]], [[California]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carballo |first=Charlie |date=2017-07-08 |title=Calleen Cordero Collaborates With Donna Karan's Urban Zen Stores, Launches Men's Sandal Collection |url=https://footwearnews.com/2017/focus/mens/calleen-cordero-donna-karan-urban-zen-sandals-390428/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=Footwear News |language=en-US}}</ref>Yeye ni sehemu ya vuguvugu la mitindo isiyozalisha taka]].<ref>{{Cite press release|date=2011-05-22|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/eco-conscience-designer-calleen-cordero-celebrates-12-years-of-handcrafted-luxury---made-in-the-usa-118422429.html|title=Eco-Conscience Designer Calleen Cordero Celebrates 12 Years of Handcrafted Luxury - Made in the USA|last=Cordero|first=Calleen|website=www.prnewswire.com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-21}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] j2khblpet048ltn7ml29290ww46fd63 0 257368 1615366 2026-11-07T17:15:08Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jo Copeland''' ([[28 Februari]], [[1898]] – [[20 Machi]], [[1982]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alipokea tuzo ya Neiman Marcus Fashion Award mwaka 1944. ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Akiwa binti wa Samuel na Minna Copeland, Josephine "Jo" Copeland alizaliwa katika Jiji la New York tarehe 28 Februari 1898.<ref>Josephine Copeland in the ''New York, New York, U.S., Birth Index, 1891-1902''</ref><ref name = "jwa">{{cite web |last1=...' 1615366 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jo Copeland''' ([[28 Februari]], [[1898]] – [[20 Machi]], [[1982]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alipokea tuzo ya Neiman Marcus Fashion Award mwaka 1944. ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Akiwa binti wa Samuel na Minna Copeland, Josephine "Jo" Copeland alizaliwa katika Jiji la New York tarehe 28 Februari 1898.<ref>Josephine Copeland in the ''New York, New York, U.S., Birth Index, 1891-1902''</ref><ref name = "jwa">{{cite web |last1=Gould |first1=Lois |title=Jo Copeland |url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/copeland-jo |website=jwa.org |accessdate=January 31, 2020}}</ref><ref name = "Fischel">{{cite book |last1=Fischel |first1=Jack R. |title=Encyclopedia of Jewish American Popular Culture |date=December 30, 2008 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=9780313087349 |page=114 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wpFxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114 |accessdate=January 31, 2020}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1898|1982}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 08vj788op1oigc48awii0g1e53m5chf 0 257369 1615367 2026-11-07T17:16:40Z Ramadhani Mushi 61176 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fred Swaniker''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1976]]) ni mjasiriamali kutoka [[Ghana]] na mtaalamu wa maendeleo ya uongozi. Baada ya kuhitimu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford]], Swaniker alitambua umuhimu wa uongozi na elimu alipokuwa mkuu wa shule ya sekondari iliyoanzishwa na mama yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 18.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Odutayo|first=Damilola|date=2019-02-20|title=Fast Company reveals list of most innovative African companies|url=https://e...' 1615367 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fred Swaniker''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1976]]) ni mjasiriamali kutoka [[Ghana]] na mtaalamu wa maendeleo ya uongozi. Baada ya kuhitimu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford]], Swaniker alitambua umuhimu wa uongozi na elimu alipokuwa mkuu wa shule ya sekondari iliyoanzishwa na mama yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 18.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Odutayo|first=Damilola|date=2019-02-20|title=Fast Company reveals list of most innovative African companies|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/20/africa/africa-innovative-companies-intl/index.html|access-date=2024-11-12|website=CNN|language=en}}</ref> Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa ''African Leadership Group''. Swaniker alianzisha na kuongoza taasisi mbalimbali, zikiwemo ''African Leadership Academy'', taasisi ya maandalizi ya kujiunga na chuo kikuu iliyopo [[Afrika Kusini]]; ''African Leadership University'', yenye kampasi nchini [[Mauritius]] na [[Rwanda]]; ''ALX''; na ''Sand Technologies''. Taasisi hizi zina lengo la kuleta mabadiliko barani Afrika kwa kuandaa viongozi milioni tatu wa Kiafrika ifikapo mwaka [[2035]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-11-16|title=Why Fred Swaniker Is All In on Education|url=https://time.com/collections/time100-impact-awards/fred-swaniker-time100-impact-awards/|access-date=2026-06-16|website=TIME|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka [[2019]], jarida la ''Time'' lilimtaja Swaniker kuwa mmoja wa watu 100 wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi duniani. Katika mwaka huohuo, jarida la ''Fast Company'' liliijumuisha ''African Leadership Group'' katika orodha ya kampuni 50 zenye ubunifu mkubwa zaidi duniani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fred Swaniker|url=https://edupreneurship.stanford.edu/journey/fred-swaniker/|access-date=2025-11-07|website=Education Entrepreneurship Hub|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii: Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii: Watu walio hai]] iyn4fmeee8555ap5su418n8tnqbjng9 1615438 1615367 2026-11-07T22:03:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615438 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fred Swaniker''' (alizaliwa mwaka [[1976]]) ni mjasiriamali kutoka [[Ghana]] na mtaalamu wa maendeleo ya uongozi. Baada ya kuhitimu katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford]], Swaniker alitambua umuhimu wa uongozi na elimu alipokuwa mkuu wa shule ya sekondari iliyoanzishwa na mama yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 18.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Odutayo|first=Damilola|date=2019-02-20|title=Fast Company reveals list of most innovative African companies|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/20/africa/africa-innovative-companies-intl/index.html|access-date=2024-11-12|website=CNN|language=en}}</ref> Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa ''African Leadership Group''. Swaniker alianzisha na kuongoza taasisi mbalimbali, zikiwemo ''African Leadership Academy'', taasisi ya maandalizi ya kujiunga na chuo kikuu iliyopo [[Afrika Kusini]]; ''African Leadership University'', yenye kampasi nchini [[Mauritius]] na [[Rwanda]]; ''ALX''; na ''Sand Technologies''. Taasisi hizi zina lengo la kuleta mabadiliko barani Afrika kwa kuandaa viongozi milioni tatu wa Kiafrika ifikapo mwaka [[2035]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-11-16|title=Why Fred Swaniker Is All In on Education|url=https://time.com/collections/time100-impact-awards/fred-swaniker-time100-impact-awards/|access-date=2026-06-16|website=TIME|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka [[2019]], jarida la ''Time'' lilimtaja Swaniker kuwa mmoja wa watu 100 wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi duniani. Katika mwaka huohuo, jarida la ''Fast Company'' liliijumuisha ''African Leadership Group'' katika orodha ya kampuni 50 zenye ubunifu mkubwa zaidi duniani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Fred Swaniker|url=https://edupreneurship.stanford.edu/journey/fred-swaniker/|access-date=2025-11-07|website=Education Entrepreneurship Hub|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii: Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii: Watu walio hai]] cp88qlde8jfb0c07353894lbluvh84z 0 257370 1615368 2026-11-07T17:17:11Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615368 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Tuba Büyüküstün.jpg|thumb|Tuba Büyüküstün]] '''Hatice Tuba Büyüküstün''' (alizaliwa [[5 Julai]] [[1982]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Uturuki]]. Amepokea [[tuzo]] mbalimbali na ni miongoni mwa waigizaji wa kike maarufu zaidi na wanaolipwa mishahara mikubwa nchini Uturuki. == Maisha binafsi == Büyüküstün ni [[Mwislamu]]. Wazazi wake wanatoka katika mji wa [[Erzurum]], nchini Uturuki. Upande wa [[familia]] yake ya mama una asili ya wahamiaji kutoka ''Crimea''. Kwa upande wa baba yake, familia yake ina asili ya Waislamu waliohama kutoka kisiwa cha [[Krete]], nchini [[Ugiriki]]. Alisomea ubunifu wa mavazi na usanifu katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha ''Mimar Sinan'', na kuhitimu mwaka [[2004]]. [[Julai 28]] [[2011]], alifunga ndoa na mwigizaji wa Kituruki Onur Saylak mjini [[Paris]], nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Mwezi [[Januari]] [[2012]], alijifungua watoto wa kike mapacha waliopewa majina ya Maya na Toprak. Wanandoa hao walitengana [[5 Juni]] [[2017]].<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1735048/</ref><ref>https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/galeri-tuba-buyukustun-onur-saylak-bosandi-40483855#p=1</ref><ref>https://www.sabah.com.tr/tuba-buyukustun</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} bdi8jar0dzp3nhv9i08o7hh83i1ks68 0 257371 1615369 2026-11-07T17:17:32Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:Anis Boussaidi.JPG|thumb|Anis Boussaidi]] '''Anis Boussaïdi''' alizaliwa tarehe 10 [[Aprili]] [[1981|1981,]] huko ''Le Bardo,'' [[Tunisia|Tunisia,]] na ana umri wa miaka 45. Ana urefu wa mita 1.79 (futi 5 na inchi 10½) na alicheza kama beki wa kulia. Kwa sasa ni kocha msaidizi katika timu ya Rubin Kazan.Katika maisha yake ya uchezaji, alichezea klabu mbalimbali, zikiwemo Stade Tunisien, ''FC Metalurh Donetsk, KV Mechelen, Red Bull Salzburg, PAOK'...' 1615369 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Anis Boussaidi.JPG|thumb|Anis Boussaidi]] '''Anis Boussaïdi''' alizaliwa tarehe 10 [[Aprili]] [[1981|1981,]] huko ''Le Bardo,'' [[Tunisia|Tunisia,]] na ana umri wa miaka 45. Ana urefu wa mita 1.79 (futi 5 na inchi 10½) na alicheza kama beki wa kulia. Kwa sasa ni kocha msaidizi katika timu ya Rubin Kazan.Katika maisha yake ya uchezaji, alichezea klabu mbalimbali, zikiwemo Stade Tunisien, ''FC Metalurh Donetsk, KV Mechelen, Red Bull Salzburg, PAOK'', Rostov na Tavriya Simferopol. Pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] kati ya mwaka [[2002]] na [[2013|2013,]] akicheza mechi 37 na kufunga mabao 2<ref>{{Citation|title=University of Tennessee Southern|date=2026-10-20|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Tennessee_Southern&oldid=1381114558|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="Ростов" подписал двух защитников|url=http://news.sport-express.ru/2011-03-05/423747/|work=news.sport-express.ru|accessdate=2026-11-07}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kx3ij883hnrkkmmy6wqykyrjcuurmg7 0 257372 1615371 2026-11-07T17:21:12Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mandy Coon''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2011-08-23 |title=Designer Playlist: Mandy Coon |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/designer-playlist-mandy-coon-91152/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=Answered>{{cite news|last=Zalopany|first=Chelsea|title=Asked & Answered {{!}} Mandy Coon|url=http://tmagazine.blogs.ny...' 1615371 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mandy Coon''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2011-08-23 |title=Designer Playlist: Mandy Coon |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/designer-playlist-mandy-coon-91152/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=Answered>{{cite news|last=Zalopany|first=Chelsea|title=Asked & Answered {{!}} Mandy Coon|url=http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/asked-answered-mandy-coon/|work=T Magazine Blog|access-date=4 May 2011|date=13 January 2011}}</ref> ==Kazi== Alipokuwa akikulia katika kitongoji kidogo cha jiji la [[Houston]], kilichopo [[Katy]], [[Texas]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Chang|first=Bee Shyuan|title=Conversation Starter: Mandy Coon, from math whiz to downtown designer|url=http://www.fullfrontalfashion.com/people/conversation-starter-mandy-coon-from-math-whiz-to-downtown-designer/|work=Full Frontal Fashion|access-date=4 May 2011}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] oxi3bo1f2qd6y4a167jkqxwco3n6e06 0 257373 1615373 2026-11-07T17:28:37Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lauren Katherine Conrad''' (amezaliwa [[1 Februari]], [[1986]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-lauren-conrad-wedding-dress-20140917-story.html|title=Lauren Conrad shows off wedding dress: 'I am officially Lauren Tell'|last=D'Zurilla|first=Christie|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=September 17, 2014|access-date=September 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919193255/http://www.latimes.com/ent...' 1615373 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lauren Katherine Conrad''' (amezaliwa [[1 Februari]], [[1986]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-lauren-conrad-wedding-dress-20140917-story.html|title=Lauren Conrad shows off wedding dress: 'I am officially Lauren Tell'|last=D'Zurilla|first=Christie|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=September 17, 2014|access-date=September 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919193255/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/gossip/la-et-mg-lauren-conrad-wedding-dress-20140917-story.html|archive-date=September 19, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>)ni mtu maarufu katika televisheni, mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na [[mwandishi]] kutoka Marekani. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 2004, alipata umaarufu baada ya kuchaguliwa kushiriki katika kipindi cha televisheni cha uhalisia ''Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County'', kilichoonyesha maisha yake na ya marafiki zake katika mji wao wa nyumbani wa [[Laguna Beach, California]].<ref name=peoplebio>{{cite news|url=http://www.people.com/people/lauren_conrad/biography|title=Lauren Conrad: Biography|work=People|publisher=Time Inc|access-date=April 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421074425/http://www.people.com/people/lauren_conrad/biography|archive-date=April 21, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] ebg0mr3jo52w3rzky974294u5r6csrq 0 257374 1615374 2026-11-07T17:29:33Z Kelvin kevoo 48194 kuanzisha makala 1615374 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Hande Erçel.jpg|thumb|Hande Erçel]] '''Hande Erçel''' (alizaliwa [[24 Novemba]] [[1993]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[Uturuki]], anajulikana kwa kazi zake katika [[tamthilia]] za [[televisheni]] na [[filamu]], zikiwemo ''Güneşin'' ''Kızları'' (2015–2016), ''Aşk Laftan Anlamaz'' (2016–2017), ''Sen Çal Kapımı'' (2020–2021) na ''Bambaşka Biri'' (2023–2024). Alianza kuigiza katika filamu kupitia filamu ya kihistoria ya ''Intoxicated by Love'' (2024), iliyovunja rekodi za mapato katika kumbi za sinema. Pia aliigiza katika filamu ya mapenzi ya [[Netflix]] iitwayo ''Chasing the Wind'' (2025). == Maisha ya awali == Akiwa binti wa Aylin, aliyefariki kutokana na [[saratani]] mwaka 2019, na baba yake Kaya Erçel. Ana dada mkubwa anayeitwa Gamze. Alisomea katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Sanaa Nzuri cha ''Mimar Sinan'', katika Idara ya Sanaa za Jadi za Kituruki. Mwaka 2012, alishiriki katika mashindano ya urembo yaliyofanyika nchini [[Azerbaijan]], ambapo alishika nafasi ya pili.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7495853/</ref><ref>https://www.kimnereli.net/hande-ercel.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150801110805/https://www.kanald.com.tr/gunesin-kizlari/oyuncular/hande-ercel</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] <references />{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} ecuu8ajovzned84x9ydjd5qznermcsp 0 257375 1615377 2026-11-07T17:37:39Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:SM Caen vs UNFP, July 30th 2016 - Alaeddine Yahia 1.jpg|thumb|Muonekano wa Alaeddine Yahia]] '''Alaeddine Yahia''' alizaliwa tarehe 26 [[Septemba]] [[1981]] nchini [[Tunisia]]. Ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka ambaye alicheza nafasi ya beki wa kati. Katika maisha yake ya soka, aliwahi kuzichezea klabu za ''Stade Tunisien na Guingamp'', pamoja na kuwa na kipindi kifupi katika klabu ya Southampton, ingawa hakuwahi kucheza mechi yoyote katika kikosi cha...' 1615377 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:SM Caen vs UNFP, July 30th 2016 - Alaeddine Yahia 1.jpg|thumb|Muonekano wa Alaeddine Yahia]] '''Alaeddine Yahia''' alizaliwa tarehe 26 [[Septemba]] [[1981]] nchini [[Tunisia]]. Ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka ambaye alicheza nafasi ya beki wa kati. Katika maisha yake ya soka, aliwahi kuzichezea klabu za ''Stade Tunisien na Guingamp'', pamoja na kuwa na kipindi kifupi katika klabu ya Southampton, ingawa hakuwahi kucheza mechi yoyote katika kikosi cha kwanza cha klabu hiyo. Yahia alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] iliyoshiriki mashindano ya soka ya Olimpiki mwaka [[2004]], ambapo timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya makundi baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika kundi C, nyuma ya Argentina iliyokuwa kinara wa kundi na mshindi wa medali ya dhahabu, pamoja na Australia iliyomaliza nafasi ya pili. Pia alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Tunisia kilichotwaa ubingwa wa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka [[2004|2004.]] Tarehe 24 Februari 2007, Yahia alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika ligi kuu ya [[Ufaransa]] (Ligue 1), akiitumikia klabu ya Sedan katika mchezo dhidi ya Rennes<ref>http://www.football-lineups.com/wiki/_match4247.php</ref><ref><nowiki>https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/3485991.stm</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7m2xwbh95a74y09s1owfi7m7qfzlvbr 0 257376 1615380 2026-11-07T18:02:01Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:Majdi traoui .jpg|thumb|Mejdi Traoui ]] '''Mejdi Traoui''' alizaliwa tarehe 13 [[Desemba]] [[1983]], huko ''Sousse'', [[Tunisia|Tunisia.]] Ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka Tunisia<ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20120617065410/http://guardian.touch-line.com/StatsCentre.asp?CTID=4&CPID=8&TEID=264&PLID=192390&pStr=Player</nowiki></ref> Katika maisha yake ya soka, tarehe 1 Mei [[2008]], Traoui alisaini mkataba na klabu ya Red Bull Salzbur...' 1615380 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Majdi traoui .jpg|thumb|Mejdi Traoui ]] '''Mejdi Traoui''' alizaliwa tarehe 13 [[Desemba]] [[1983]], huko ''Sousse'', [[Tunisia|Tunisia.]] Ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka Tunisia<ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20120617065410/http://guardian.touch-line.com/StatsCentre.asp?CTID=4&CPID=8&TEID=264&PLID=192390&pStr=Player</nowiki></ref> Katika maisha yake ya soka, tarehe 1 Mei [[2008]], Traoui alisaini mkataba na klabu ya Red Bull Salzburg ya Austria hadi majira ya kiangazi ya mwaka 2011. Mwaka [[2008]], alicheza mechi mbili kama mchezaji wa akiba katika Ligi Kuu ya Austria akiwa na Red Bull Salzburg. Januari 2009, alipewa kwa mkopo klabu ya Al-Wehda hadi mwisho wa msimu<ref><nowiki>https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/tr/mejdi-traoui-1.html</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 766eobykdff7ilwamrl0kaa0khq5giu 0 257377 1615381 2026-11-07T18:07:28Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cristi Lea Conaway''' (amezaliwa [[14 Agosti]] [[1964]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani kutoka [[Marekani]]. ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Conaway alilelewa katika [[Lubbock, Texas]]. Baba yake alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa magari, na [[mama]] yake ni wakala wa mali isiyohamishika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090526162050/http://cristiconaway.com/ Cristi Conaway Los Angeles (''archived'')]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/...' 1615381 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cristi Lea Conaway''' (amezaliwa [[14 Agosti]] [[1964]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani kutoka [[Marekani]]. ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Conaway alilelewa katika [[Lubbock, Texas]]. Baba yake alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa magari, na [[mama]] yake ni wakala wa mali isiyohamishika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090526162050/http://cristiconaway.com/ Cristi Conaway Los Angeles (''archived'')]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161104002358/http://cristiconawaydesign.com/ Cristi Conaway Design (''archived'')]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] hc37qetvmzxz5pfij1paxsdwk605uzu 0 257378 1615382 2026-11-07T18:11:49Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rachel Comey''' ni mbunifu huru wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York City]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa Rachel Comey, chapa ya mavazi, viatu na vifaa vya urembo inayojulikana kwa mtindo wake wa "kiakili na unaochochewa na sanaa pamoja na ufundi."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/rachel-comey-goes-west|title=Rachel Comey Goes West|date=2016-02-02|work=The Business of Fashion|access-da...' 1615382 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachel Comey''' ni mbunifu huru wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York City]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa Rachel Comey, chapa ya mavazi, viatu na vifaa vya urembo inayojulikana kwa mtindo wake wa "kiakili na unaochochewa na sanaa pamoja na ufundi."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/rachel-comey-goes-west|title=Rachel Comey Goes West|date=2016-02-02|work=The Business of Fashion|access-date=2017-03-12|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/fashion-week-questionnaire-rachel-comey#_|title=Fashion Week Questionnaire: Rachel Comey|work=Interview Magazine|access-date=2017-03-13}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] spbmozan4eu1xkizg8l4naavp1hyeis 1615493 1615382 2026-11-08T00:33:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachel Comey''' ni mbunifu huru wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York City]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa Rachel Comey, chapa ya mavazi, viatu na vifaa vya urembo inayojulikana kwa mtindo wake wa "kiakili na unaochochewa na sanaa pamoja na ufundi."<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/rachel-comey-goes-west|title=Rachel Comey Goes West|date=2016-02-02|work=The Business of Fashion|access-date=2017-03-12|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/fashion-week-questionnaire-rachel-comey#_|title=Fashion Week Questionnaire: Rachel Comey|work=Interview Magazine|access-date=2017-03-13}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] bpws2sllehyi1i2he4fb2gs2912f3ve 0 257379 1615386 2026-11-07T18:15:57Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Liz Collins''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1968]])<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Pride dress|url=https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/pride-dress-2008751|access-date=2023-07-15|website=RISD Museum}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite journal |last1=Hubbell |first1=Leesa |title=The Anatomy of Emotion: Liz Collins Knits a New Body of Ideas |journal=Surface Design Journal |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=12–17 }}</ref>Collins ana makao yake [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]]....' 1615386 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liz Collins''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1968]])<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Pride dress|url=https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/pride-dress-2008751|access-date=2023-07-15|website=RISD Museum}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite journal |last1=Hubbell |first1=Leesa |title=The Anatomy of Emotion: Liz Collins Knits a New Body of Ideas |journal=Surface Design Journal |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=12–17 }}</ref>Collins ana makao yake [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Deters|first=Alexandria|date=January 30, 2018|title=In Conversation with Liz Collins: A Textile Artist Threading Her Queer Identity Into Her Art|url=http://gallerygurls.net/interviews/2018/1/30/in-conversation-with-liz-collins-a-textile-artist-threading-her-queer-identity-into-her-art|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031150641/http://gallerygurls.net/interviews/2018/1/30/in-conversation-with-liz-collins-a-textile-artist-threading-her-queer-identity-into-her-art|archive-date=2019-10-31|access-date=2 March 2019|website=Gallery Gurls}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Liz Collins alihitimu shahada ya Sanaa Nzuri (1991) na shahada ya Uzamili wa Sanaa Nzuri (1999) kutoka Rhode Island School of Design (RISD).<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Hemmings |first1=Jessica |author-link=Jessica Hemmings |date=April 2006 |title=Making the Transition |journal=Fiberarts |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=42–47}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 2wk2r5vsdkhh7j3p3t5pxq15dd7ffna 1615470 1615386 2026-11-07T23:12:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615470 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liz Collins''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1968]])<ref name=":7">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Pride dress|url=https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/pride-dress-2008751|access-date=2023-07-15|website=RISD Museum}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite journal |last1=Hubbell |first1=Leesa |title=The Anatomy of Emotion: Liz Collins Knits a New Body of Ideas |journal=Surface Design Journal |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=12–17 }}</ref>Collins ana makao yake [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Deters|first=Alexandria|date=January 30, 2018|title=In Conversation with Liz Collins: A Textile Artist Threading Her Queer Identity Into Her Art|url=http://gallerygurls.net/interviews/2018/1/30/in-conversation-with-liz-collins-a-textile-artist-threading-her-queer-identity-into-her-art|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031150641/http://gallerygurls.net/interviews/2018/1/30/in-conversation-with-liz-collins-a-textile-artist-threading-her-queer-identity-into-her-art|archive-date=2019-10-31|access-date=2 March 2019|website=Gallery Gurls}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Liz Collins alihitimu shahada ya Sanaa Nzuri (1991) na shahada ya Uzamili wa Sanaa Nzuri (1999) kutoka Rhode Island School of Design (RISD).<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Hemmings |first1=Jessica |author-link=Jessica Hemmings |date=April 2006 |title=Making the Transition |journal=Fiberarts |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=42–47}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] c7v0vdyrqlexf9200hqil1xmxps9d52 0 257380 1615387 2026-11-07T18:16:34Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:Wissem Ben Yahia, Tunisia.jpg|thumb|Wissen Ben Yahia]] '''Wissem Ben Yahia''' alizaliwa tarehe 9 Septemba [[1984]] nchini [[Tunisia|Tunisia.]] Ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] anayekipiga katika nafasi ya kiungo na aliwahi kuiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] katika mashindano ya kimataifa. Katika maisha yake ya kazi, mwezi Julai 2011, Ben Yahia alisaini mkataba wa miaka mitatu na klabu ya Mersin İdmanyurdu iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi Kuu...' 1615387 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Wissem Ben Yahia, Tunisia.jpg|thumb|Wissen Ben Yahia]] '''Wissem Ben Yahia''' alizaliwa tarehe 9 Septemba [[1984]] nchini [[Tunisia|Tunisia.]] Ni mchezaji wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] anayekipiga katika nafasi ya kiungo na aliwahi kuiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] katika mashindano ya kimataifa. Katika maisha yake ya kazi, mwezi Julai 2011, Ben Yahia alisaini mkataba wa miaka mitatu na klabu ya Mersin İdmanyurdu iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi Kuu ya Uturuki (Süper Lig). Baadaye, mwezi Julai [[2014]], alisaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na klabu ya ''Gaziantep Büyükşehir'' Belediyespor iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi Daraja la Kwanza la Uturuki. Katika maisha yake ya kimataifa, alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] iliyoshiriki mashindano ya soka ya Olimpiki mwaka [[2004]], ambapo timu hiyo ilitolewa katika raundi ya kwanza baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C, nyuma ya Argentina iliyoshinda medali ya dhahabu na Australia iliyomaliza nafasi ya pili. Pia alicheza katika mechi kadhaa za kirafiki akiwa na timu ya taifa ya Tunisia.<ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20090714185448/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/be/ouissen-ben-yahia-1.html</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/7686/Wissem_Ben_Yahia.html</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fw2jlfzfbi9f7bo0zj7n4u8no1h0f01 0 257381 1615389 2026-11-07T18:21:10Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Susie Coelho''' (amezaliwa [[7 Desemba]], [[1953]]) ni mtu maarufu katika [[televisheni]], [[mwandishi]] na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=25 time-saving hacks that will add hours back to your week |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/better/lifestyle/25-time-saving-hacks-will-add-hours-back-your-week-ncna1041011 |access-date=2022-12-28 |website=NBC News |date=12 August 2019 |language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Susie...' 1615389 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susie Coelho''' (amezaliwa [[7 Desemba]], [[1953]]) ni mtu maarufu katika [[televisheni]], [[mwandishi]] na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=25 time-saving hacks that will add hours back to your week |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/better/lifestyle/25-time-saving-hacks-will-add-hours-back-your-week-ncna1041011 |access-date=2022-12-28 |website=NBC News |date=12 August 2019 |language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Susie Coelho alizaliwa Cuckfield, Sussex, [[Uingereza]], tarehe 7 Desemba 1953,<ref name=Encyclo>{{Cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/coelho-susie|title=Coelho, Susie &#124; Encyclopedia.com|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> to parents George and Rani Coelho.<ref>{{cite news |page=21 |publisher=The Washingtonian |title=Susie Coehlo |year=1982}}</ref><ref name="Archer">{{Cite web|url=https://www.palmspringslife.com/susie-coehlo-d-gallery-palm-desert/|title=Susie Coehlo Mixes Art, Fashion in Pop-up at D Gallery Palm Desert|date=2019-04-10|website=Palm Springs Life|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD| 1953|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] pwz4y4sl5cgdi8jnp3le2chjm4z8yjx 1615500 1615389 2026-11-08T00:56:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615500 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susie Coelho''' (amezaliwa [[7 Desemba]], [[1953]]) ni mtu maarufu katika [[televisheni]], [[mwandishi]] na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=25 time-saving hacks that will add hours back to your week |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/better/lifestyle/25-time-saving-hacks-will-add-hours-back-your-week-ncna1041011 |access-date=2022-12-28 |website=NBC News |date=12 August 2019 |language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Susie Coelho alizaliwa Cuckfield, Sussex, [[Uingereza]], tarehe 7 Desemba 1953,<ref name=Encyclo>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/coelho-susie|title=Coelho, Susie &#124; Encyclopedia.com|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> to parents George and Rani Coelho.<ref>{{cite news |page=21 |publisher=The Washingtonian |title=Susie Coehlo |year=1982}}</ref><ref name="Archer">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.palmspringslife.com/susie-coehlo-d-gallery-palm-desert/|title=Susie Coehlo Mixes Art, Fashion in Pop-up at D Gallery Palm Desert|date=2019-04-10|website=Palm Springs Life|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD| 1953|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] hj13ow3dwhuolppm6nlfx4b1bj385h1 0 257382 1615391 2026-11-07T18:41:12Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Claw Money''' (amezaliwa '''Claudia Gold'''(mwaka [[1968]], [[New York City]]) ni [[mwandishi]] wa sanaa ya maandishi ukutani mwenye makao yake New York, ambaye baadaye aligeukia usanifu wa [[mitindo]]. Mwaka 2009, Tag au Grand Palais jijini Paris, Ufaransa, ilimtaja Claudia Gold, anayejulikana pia kama Claw, kuwa mmoja wa wasanii wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi wa graffiti wa nyakati zote.<ref name=Bombshell>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?...' 1615391 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Claw Money''' (amezaliwa '''Claudia Gold'''(mwaka [[1968]], [[New York City]]) ni [[mwandishi]] wa sanaa ya maandishi ukutani mwenye makao yake New York, ambaye baadaye aligeukia usanifu wa [[mitindo]]. Mwaka 2009, Tag au Grand Palais jijini Paris, Ufaransa, ilimtaja Claudia Gold, anayejulikana pia kama Claw, kuwa mmoja wa wasanii wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi wa graffiti wa nyakati zote.<ref name=Bombshell>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RkUsAAAAYAAJ|title=Bombshell: The Life and Crimes of Claw Money|last=Money|first=Claw|date=2007-05-01|publisher=PowerHouse Books|isbn=9781576873373 |language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] az5oz0nmdz5z4iv1dxnitcxtrp4ttzl 0 257383 1615392 2026-11-07T18:44:55Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anne Elisabeth Jane Claiborne''' ([[31 Machi]], [[1929]] – [[26 Juni]], [[2007]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]. Mafanikio yake yalitokana na mavazi maridadi na ya bei nafuu kwa wanawake wanaofanya kazi, yaliyokuwa na vipande vya mavazi vilivyoshonwa kwa ustadi na rangi mbalimbali, ambavyo vingeweza kuvaliwa kwa kuchanganywa na kulinganishwa.<ref name=bernstein>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bernstei...' 1615392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anne Elisabeth Jane Claiborne''' ([[31 Machi]], [[1929]] – [[26 Juni]], [[2007]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]. Mafanikio yake yalitokana na mavazi maridadi na ya bei nafuu kwa wanawake wanaofanya kazi, yaliyokuwa na vipande vya mavazi vilivyoshonwa kwa ustadi na rangi mbalimbali, ambavyo vingeweza kuvaliwa kwa kuchanganywa na kulinganishwa.<ref name=bernstein>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bernstein |author-link=Adam Bernstein |title=Liz Claiborne, 78; Fashion Industry Icon |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/27/AR2007062701593.html?nav=rss_metro/obituaries |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |date=June 28, 2007 |access-date=July 21, 2007 }}</ref><ref name=UMT>{{cite web| url= http://www.business.umt.edu/made/programs/Lew_Clark/Liz_Claiborne_Art_Ortenberg.asp |archive-date= May 31, 2005| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050531082927/http://www.business.umt.edu/made/programs/Lew_Clark/Liz_Claiborne_Art_Ortenberg.asp| title= MADE Programs: Liz Claiborne and Art Ortenberg | publisher= School of Business Administration, [[University of Montana]] | access-date= March 31, 2015 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1929|2007}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] i4sgkrdh19u71re8s96ranbuqgipe1u 0 257384 1615394 2026-11-07T18:48:32Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Susan Cianciolo''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1969]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na msanii. ==Elimu na maisha== Cianciolo alikulia [[Providence, Rhode Island]], ambako alilelewa katika familia yenye asili ya Italia na vizazi vinne. Alipokuwa mwishoni mwa kipindi cha ujana wake, alihamia [[New York City]], na mwaka 1992 alipata shahada yake ya BFA kutoka Parsons School of Design.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/18/arts/design/here-comes-the-w...' 1615394 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susan Cianciolo''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1969]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na msanii. ==Elimu na maisha== Cianciolo alikulia [[Providence, Rhode Island]], ambako alilelewa katika familia yenye asili ya Italia na vizazi vinne. Alipokuwa mwishoni mwa kipindi cha ujana wake, alihamia [[New York City]], na mwaka 1992 alipata shahada yake ya BFA kutoka Parsons School of Design.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/18/arts/design/here-comes-the-whitney-biennial-reflecting-the-tumult-of-the-times.html|title=Here Comes the Whitney Biennial, Reflecting the Tumult of the Times|date=17 November 2016|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/art-and-design/2015/06/susan-cianciolo-artist-fashion-designer/photos/|title=Susan Cianciolo Catches Up to Her Past|first=W|last=Magazine|date=29 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://vmagazine.com/article/susan-cianciolo-zines-interview/|title=Nineties Cult Icon Susan Cianciolo Still Believes in Zines - V Magazine}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 754a7midj189hf2z6dy06vx0slinfbu 1615559 1615394 2026-11-08T06:11:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 1615559 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susan Cianciolo''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1969]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na msanii. ==Elimu na maisha== Cianciolo alikulia [[Providence, Rhode Island]], ambako alilelewa katika familia yenye asili ya Italia na vizazi vinne. Alipokuwa mwishoni mwa kipindi cha ujana wake, alihamia [[New York City]], na mwaka 1992 alipata shahada yake ya BFA kutoka Parsons School of Design.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/18/arts/design/here-comes-the-whitney-biennial-reflecting-the-tumult-of-the-times.html|title=Here Comes the Whitney Biennial, Reflecting the Tumult of the Times|date=17 November 2016|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/art-and-design/2015/06/susan-cianciolo-artist-fashion-designer/photos/|title=Susan Cianciolo Catches Up to Her Past|first=W|last=Magazine|date=29 June 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201082739/http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/art-and-design/2015/06/susan-cianciolo-artist-fashion-designer/photos/|archivedate=2016-12-01|accessdate=2019-09-25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://vmagazine.com/article/susan-cianciolo-zines-interview/|title=Nineties Cult Icon Susan Cianciolo Still Believes in Zines - V Magazine|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925140031/https://vmagazine.com/article/susan-cianciolo-zines-interview/|archivedate=2019-09-25|accessdate=2019-09-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] n0qse97f5504x7w7jh5hdl8ilgysgk1 0 257385 1615395 2026-11-07T18:51:51Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Monika Chiang''' (amezaliwa [[22 Mei]], [[1974]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na mwanamke mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/realsimple/episodes/17/117-x2.html |publisher=[[PBS]] |title=Try a Chocolate Tasting Plate |date=April 29, 2006 |accessdate=January 24, 2013}}</ref><ref name=Miles>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/01/fashion/01shake.html?ref=fashion&_r=0 |n...' 1615395 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monika Chiang''' (amezaliwa [[22 Mei]], [[1974]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] na mwanamke mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]], mwenye makao yake [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/realsimple/episodes/17/117-x2.html |publisher=[[PBS]] |title=Try a Chocolate Tasting Plate |date=April 29, 2006 |accessdate=January 24, 2013}}</ref><ref name=Miles>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/01/fashion/01shake.html?ref=fashion&_r=0 |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |title=Part Tux, Part Pajamas |date=April 1, 2007 |accessdate=2023-07-15 |first=Jonathan |last=Miles}}</ref><ref name=Barnard>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/article/201552 |date=April 11, 2007 |accessdate=January 24, 2013 |newspaper=[[Toronto Star]] |title=Creative cocktails crafted by hand |author=Linda Barnard}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] a7vx712mgqwr1xhpvuvnsqoy2tteu0r 0 257386 1615396 2026-11-07T18:52:20Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohamed Jedidi''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe 10 [[Septemba]] [[1978|1978)]] ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya kiungo. Mohamed Jedidi alizaliwa katika mji wa [[Grombalia]] nchini [[Tunisia|Tunisia.]] Alicheza soka la kulipwa katika klabu mbalimbali nchini [[Tunisia]] na [[Libya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/6729.html</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA</nowi...' 1615396 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Jedidi''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe 10 [[Septemba]] [[1978|1978)]] ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya kiungo. Mohamed Jedidi alizaliwa katika mji wa [[Grombalia]] nchini [[Tunisia|Tunisia.]] Alicheza soka la kulipwa katika klabu mbalimbali nchini [[Tunisia]] na [[Libya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/6729.html</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 565u9g6wasy9amsjgk5pk4vb1cbt7nk 0 257387 1615397 2026-11-07T18:54:45Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Wenlan Chia''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] mwenye asili ya [[Taiwan]] na uraia wa [[Marekani]], aliyezaliwa [[Taipei]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa chapa ya mavazi ''Twinkle by Wenlan'', aliyoizindua mwaka 2000. Twinkle ilifanya maonyesho yake ya kwanza katika Fashion Week mwaka 2003.<ref name="haute">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nypost.com/seven/10112007/entertainment/fashion/haute_list.htm|title=Haute List|accessdate=2008-02-26|date=2007-10-11|author=Danica...' 1615397 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wenlan Chia''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] mwenye asili ya [[Taiwan]] na uraia wa [[Marekani]], aliyezaliwa [[Taipei]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa chapa ya mavazi ''Twinkle by Wenlan'', aliyoizindua mwaka 2000. Twinkle ilifanya maonyesho yake ya kwanza katika Fashion Week mwaka 2003.<ref name="haute">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nypost.com/seven/10112007/entertainment/fashion/haute_list.htm|title=Haute List|accessdate=2008-02-26|date=2007-10-11|author=Danica Lo and Raakhee Mirchandani|work=New York Post}}</ref><ref name="sews">{{Cite book|isbn=978-0307409355|title=Twinkle Sews: 25 Handmade Fashions from the Runway to Your Wardrobe|last1=Chia|first1=Wenlan|year=2009}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] tdv6gku83se3dx3cutfa5hapk3t04qp 1615504 1615397 2026-11-08T01:22:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615504 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wenlan Chia''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] mwenye asili ya [[Taiwan]] na uraia wa [[Marekani]], aliyezaliwa [[Taipei]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa chapa ya mavazi ''Twinkle by Wenlan'', aliyoizindua mwaka 2000. Twinkle ilifanya maonyesho yake ya kwanza katika Fashion Week mwaka 2003.<ref name="haute">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nypost.com/seven/10112007/entertainment/fashion/haute_list.htm|title=Haute List|accessdate=2008-02-26|date=2007-10-11|author=Danica Lo and Raakhee Mirchandani|work=New York Post}}</ref><ref name="sews">{{Rejea kitabu|isbn=978-0307409355|title=Twinkle Sews: 25 Handmade Fashions from the Runway to Your Wardrobe|last1=Chia|first1=Wenlan|year=2009}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] k8f37fs8qazxzn1acfe9scp07j7edv2 0 257388 1615398 2026-11-07T18:57:51Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arielle Noa Charnas'''amezaliwa [[13 Juni]], [[1987]]) ni mwanablogu wa blogu ya [[mitindo]] na mshawishi wa mitindo kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kupitia blogu yake '''Something Navy''', aliyoizindua mwaka 2009. Alibuni mkusanyiko wa mavazi kwa ushirikiano na Nordstrom,<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/05/fashion/arielle-noa-charnas-something-navy-make-up-skin-care.html|title=How to Prep for the Front Row, and Beyond|l...' 1615398 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arielle Noa Charnas'''amezaliwa [[13 Juni]], [[1987]]) ni mwanablogu wa blogu ya [[mitindo]] na mshawishi wa mitindo kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kupitia blogu yake '''Something Navy''', aliyoizindua mwaka 2009. Alibuni mkusanyiko wa mavazi kwa ushirikiano na Nordstrom,<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/05/fashion/arielle-noa-charnas-something-navy-make-up-skin-care.html|title=How to Prep for the Front Row, and Beyond|last=Shapiro|first=Bee|date=September 5, 2017|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2023-07-15|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|quote=Arielle Noa Charnas, 30 [as of September 5, 2017]...}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/now-you-too-can-get-1-million-instagram-followers-1515599740|title=What Happens When You Reach a Million Instagram Followers|last=Crain|first=Abbey|date=2018-01-10|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=2019-03-27|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 7lrdos1tngpm44t4bcfhxsiyefv9qtw 0 257389 1615400 2026-11-07T19:01:01Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ceil Chapman''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Mitchell'''; [[19 Februari]], [[1912]] – [[13 Julai]], [[1979]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyefanya kazi katika [[New York City]] kuanzia miaka ya 1940 hadi miaka ya 1960. Alibuni magauni ya kuvutia ya karamu za vinywaji na sherehe, na kufanya kazi na wateja mashuhuri, wakiwemo waigizaji wa televisheni na filamu.<ref name="auto5">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/richmon...' 1615400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ceil Chapman''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Mitchell'''; [[19 Februari]], [[1912]] – [[13 Julai]], [[1979]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyefanya kazi katika [[New York City]] kuanzia miaka ya 1940 hadi miaka ya 1960. Alibuni magauni ya kuvutia ya karamu za vinywaji na sherehe, na kufanya kazi na wateja mashuhuri, wakiwemo waigizaji wa televisheni na filamu.<ref name="auto5">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/richmond-times-dispatch-ceil-chapman-has/128261556/ |title=Ceil Chapman Has Received Fashion Award |newspaper=Richmond Times-Dispatch |date=August 6, 1946 |page=11 |access-date=2023-07-15 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite news|last=Morris|first=Bernadine|title=Ceil Chapman Dies; Designer of Gowns|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/14/archives/ceil-chapman-dies-designer-of-gowns-known-for-glamorous-party.html|access-date=2023-07-15|newspaper=The New York Times|date=14 July 1979 |page=24}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1912|1979}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] rvesq2dv2ojsax8tkuzl5grws6gu9wf 0 257390 1615401 2026-11-07T19:03:40Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Natalie''' "'''Alabama'''" '''Chanin''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], anayetoka [[Florence, Alabama]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi lilipofungwa mwaka 2005, kampuni ya Tee-Jays Manufacturing ilikuwa miongoni mwa waajiri wakubwa zaidi katika sekta ya nguo ya Florence. Biashara ya Chanin sasa inaendesha shughuli za utengenezaji wa mavazi katika eneo la iliyokuwa kampuni ya Tee-Jays.<ref>[http://alabamachanin.com/natalie-chanin About] {{Webarch...' 1615401 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Natalie''' "'''Alabama'''" '''Chanin''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]], anayetoka [[Florence, Alabama]]. Kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi lilipofungwa mwaka 2005, kampuni ya Tee-Jays Manufacturing ilikuwa miongoni mwa waajiri wakubwa zaidi katika sekta ya nguo ya Florence. Biashara ya Chanin sasa inaendesha shughuli za utengenezaji wa mavazi katika eneo la iliyokuwa kampuni ya Tee-Jays.<ref>[http://alabamachanin.com/natalie-chanin About] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208074957/http://alabamachanin.com/natalie-chanin |date=December 8, 2014}} alabamachanin.com</ref><ref name="NEARTS">[http://arts.gov/NEARTS/2014v2-story-our-culture-arists-place-community/natalie-chanin Natalie Chanin] arts.gov</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] j3w5mkiyz0sskl3wg99ozpz3mhpvuy9 0 257391 1615402 2026-11-07T19:05:25Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Angel Chang'''<ref name="auto">{{cite news|last=Foreman|first=Liza|title=Inspiration From China's Villages|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/22/fashion/Designer-Inspired-by-Chinas-Villages.html|accessdate=2023-07-15|newspaper=International New York Times|date=21 November 2013 |place=Paris}}</ref>ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] na mwanzilishi wa awali katika kuunganisha sekta za mitindo na teknolojia.<ref name="auto1">{{cite news|last=For...' 1615402 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angel Chang'''<ref name="auto">{{cite news|last=Foreman|first=Liza|title=Inspiration From China's Villages|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/22/fashion/Designer-Inspired-by-Chinas-Villages.html|accessdate=2023-07-15|newspaper=International New York Times|date=21 November 2013 |place=Paris}}</ref>ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] na mwanzilishi wa awali katika kuunganisha sekta za mitindo na teknolojia.<ref name="auto1">{{cite news|last=Foreman|first=Liza|title=Smart Designs|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/7e3f1f80-4632-11e2-ae8d-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2qrYeKEJw|accessdate=19 January 2014|newspaper=Financial Times|date=4 January 2013}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] efhifj1pt1szyn2em9tfbres0bfbd03 0 257392 1615403 2026-11-07T19:07:51Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Faili:AliZitouni.jpg|thumb|Ali Zitouni]] '''Ali Zitouni''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe [[11 Januari]] [[1981|1981)]] ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Ali Zitouni aliichezea timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] kuanzia mwaka [[1999]] hadi [[2009|2009.]] Katika kipindi hicho, aliichezea timu hiyo mechi 46 na kufunga mabao 14. Pia, alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya mwaka [[2004]] nchini...' 1615403 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:AliZitouni.jpg|thumb|Ali Zitouni]] '''Ali Zitouni''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe [[11 Januari]] [[1981|1981)]] ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Ali Zitouni aliichezea timu ya taifa ya [[Tunisia]] kuanzia mwaka [[1999]] hadi [[2009|2009.]] Katika kipindi hicho, aliichezea timu hiyo mechi 46 na kufunga mabao 14. Pia, alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya mwaka [[2004]] nchini Ugiriki. Katika mashindano hayo, timu ya [[Tunisia]] ilitolewa katika hatua ya makundi baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C, nyuma ya [[Argenta|Argentina]] na [[Australia|Australia.]]<ref><nowiki>http://www.tff.org.tr/Default.aspx?pageID=526&kisiID=1018876</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/1/https://www.lfp.fr/joueur/zitouni-ali</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5yduwpjj6qb7s8nhl8vnkg137xa1ne6 0 257393 1615404 2026-11-07T19:08:01Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Angela Chan''' (amezaliwa [[21 Januari]], [[1967]]; pia anayejulikana kama '''Angela Chew''') ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=http://www.integral-conversation.com/2019/speakers/chan-angela/?lang=en|title=Angela Chan|date=2019|publisher=Integral Conversation}}</ref>ambaye kwa sasa ni Rais wa PCC Technologies ya kampuni ya Chargeurs.<ref name=":2">{{cite news|url=https://www.chargeurs.com/le-groupe-2/gorvernanc...' 1615404 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angela Chan''' (amezaliwa [[21 Januari]], [[1967]]; pia anayejulikana kama '''Angela Chew''') ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=http://www.integral-conversation.com/2019/speakers/chan-angela/?lang=en|title=Angela Chan|date=2019|publisher=Integral Conversation}}</ref>ambaye kwa sasa ni Rais wa PCC Technologies ya kampuni ya Chargeurs.<ref name=":2">{{cite news|url=https://www.chargeurs.com/le-groupe-2/gorvernance/angela-chan/?lang=en|title=Angela Chan|publisher=Chargeurs}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/business/green-brands-out-ahead-of-fashion-s-post-coronavirus-recovery|title=Green Brands Have a Head Start on Fashion's Post-Virus Recovery|last=Lombrana|first=Laura Millan|date=May 1, 2020|publisher=Bloomberg Quint}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 8sfsgjbf8bsh4tiec3xflcffhi6bl1a 0 257394 1615405 2026-11-07T19:09:52Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Julie Chaiken''' ni mjasiriamali na mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mwanzilishi wa Chaiken, chapa ya mavazi yenye makao yake [[San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=De Carlo|first=Lauren|title=A Decade of Chaiken|url=http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/a-decade-of-chaiken-589759?full=true|date=December 16, 2004 |newspaper=Women's Wear Daily|access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /...' 1615405 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julie Chaiken''' ni mjasiriamali na mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mwanzilishi wa Chaiken, chapa ya mavazi yenye makao yake [[San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=De Carlo|first=Lauren|title=A Decade of Chaiken|url=http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/a-decade-of-chaiken-589759?full=true|date=December 16, 2004 |newspaper=Women's Wear Daily|access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] ahkg2gdd1vsn28mt2oi9ksgfbz79o54 0 257395 1615409 2026-11-07T19:21:27Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sabeur Trabelsi''' aliyezaliwa tarehe [[18 Februari]] [[1978]], ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye klabu ya mwisho aliyochezea ilikuwa ''Chatham Town''. Kabla ya kuanza kwa msimu wa [[2006]]–[[2007]], alisaini mkataba usio rasmi wa ajira na klabu ya ''Sittingbourne'' iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi ya ''Isthmian Division One South'' nchini [[Uingereza]]<ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20200418060943/https://www.sports-referen...' 1615409 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sabeur Trabelsi''' aliyezaliwa tarehe [[18 Februari]] [[1978]], ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] ambaye klabu ya mwisho aliyochezea ilikuwa ''Chatham Town''. Kabla ya kuanza kwa msimu wa [[2006]]–[[2007]], alisaini mkataba usio rasmi wa ajira na klabu ya ''Sittingbourne'' iliyokuwa ikishiriki Ligi ya ''Isthmian Division One South'' nchini [[Uingereza]]<ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20200418060943/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/tr/sabeur-trabelsi-1.html</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20150905/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=213414/index.html</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] exwutmthb4vf6b1zrb4vskfoyxm9guo 0 257396 1615410 2026-11-07T19:32:21Z Leticiakid 89066 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Amine Ltaïef''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe [[4 Julai]] [[1984|1984)]] ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha timu ya taifa ya Tunisia kilichoshiriki Michezo ya Olimpiki ya mwaka [[2004]] nchini Ugiriki, ambapo timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya makundi baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C. Pia, alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha [[Tunisia]] kilichoshiriki Kombe la Mataifa...' 1615410 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amine Ltaïef''' (aliyezaliwa tarehe [[4 Julai]] [[1984|1984)]] ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Tunisia]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha timu ya taifa ya Tunisia kilichoshiriki Michezo ya Olimpiki ya mwaka [[2004]] nchini Ugiriki, ambapo timu hiyo ilitolewa katika hatua ya makundi baada ya kumaliza nafasi ya tatu katika Kundi C. Pia, alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha [[Tunisia]] kilichoshiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] (AFCON) mwaka [[2006]].<ref><nowiki>https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/7690/Amine_Ltifi.html</nowiki></ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Tunisia]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Tunisia]] 4u8hhpod9chmisq4iy0m14zbmrik7wp 0 257397 1615436 2026-11-07T21:51:03Z AdamLynnMcGill007 72462 #100WikiDaysChallengeRDC2026 " Création en Traduction Article | Maxi Munanga " 1615436 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maxi Munanga Shamba''', aliyezaliwa tarehe 25 Desemba 1993 mjini [[Kinshasa]], katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], ni mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka Kongo, anayocheza nafasi ya mchezeshaji (''meneur''). Yeye ni nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI000">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.proballers.com/fr/basketball/joueur/278126/maxi-munanga-shamba Maxi Munanga Shamba : "statistiques"], www.proballers.com, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. == Wasifu == === Mwanzo wa kazi yake mjini Kinshasa === Maxi Munanga Shamba alipata mafunzo ya mpira wa kikapu mjini [[Kinshasa]]. Alianza kuchezea vilabu vya ''New Generation'' na Molokai mjini Kinshasa kabla ya kwenda kucheza katika vilabu mbalimbali barani [[Afrika]]. Alianza kushiriki mashindano ya Kombe la Mabingwa wa Vilabu vya Afrika akiwa bado kijana. Mwaka 2009, alishiriki mashindano hayo akiwa na ''Saint Éloi Lupopo''. Mwaka 2013, alichezea ''Zamalek'' nchini [[Misri]], na mwaka 2017 alichezea ''AS Salé'' ya [[Moroko]]<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI001">{{fr}} ; ''[https://bsnsports.com.ng/post/Congo-DR-Maxi-Munanga-Shamba-Joins-Rivers-Hoopers Congo DR Maxi Munanga Shamba Joins Rivers Hoopers]'', BSN Sports, 26 Machi 2025, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. === Kujitokeza kwake katika AfroCan 2019 === Mwaka 2019, alisaidia Timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] kutwaa ubingwa wa mashindano ya AfroCan. Mechi ya fainali ilichezwa mjini Bamako, nchini [[Mali]], ambapo RDC iliishinda [[Kenya]] kwa pointi 82 dhidi ya 61<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI002">{{en}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/news/afrocan-2019-news-munanga-shamba-named-mvp-after-guiding-dr-congo-to-fiba-afrocan-crown Munanga Shamba named MVP after guiding DR Congo to FIBA AfroCan crown]'', FIBA Basketball, 28 Julai 2019, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI003">{{fr}} ; ''[https://actualite.cd/2019/07/27/afrocan-basketball-lexcellent-maxi-shamba-mvp-de-la-competition AfroCan-Basketball : l’excellent Maxi Shamba, MVP de la compétition]'', Actualite.cd, 27 Julai 2019, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI004">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.radiookapi.net/2019/07/29/actualite/sport/afrocan-les-leopards-de-la-rdc-sacres-champions-dafrique Afrocan : les Léopards de la RDC sacrés champions d'Afrique]'', Radio Okapi, 29 Julai 2019, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. Mwisho wa mashindano hayo, alichaguliwa kuwa ''Most Valuable Player'' (MVP), yaani mchezaji bora wa mashindano. Katika mechi tano, alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 18,8, mipira ya kurudi (''rebounds'') 5,5 na pasi za kufunga (''assists'') 5,3. Katika mechi ya fainali, alifunga pointi 20 na kupata rebounds 7<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI004" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI002" />{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI003" />. === Ufaransa na kurejea Afrika === Baadaye, alicheza misimu miwili katika ligi ya daraja la nne ya mpira wa kikapu nchini [[Ufaransa]], akiwa na klabu ya ''US Maubeuge''. Kisha alielekea [[Côte d'Ivoire]] kuchezea klabu ya ''JCA Abidjan''. Akiwa na klabu hiyo, alishinda ubingwa wa ligi na Kombe la Taifa la [[Côte d'Ivoire]]<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI005">{{fr}} ; ''[https://actualite.cd/2025/06/02/bal-maxi-munanga-de-plein-pieds-avec-river-hoopers-abuja BAL: Maxi Munanga de plein pieds avec River Hoopers à Abuja]'', Actualite.cd, 02 Juni 2025, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI006">{{fr}} ; ''[https://actualite.cd/2025/04/11/bal-maxi-munanga-shamba-une-pige-pour-son-vrai-niveau BAL: Maxi Munanga Shamba, une pige pour son vrai niveau]'', Actualite.cd, 11 Aprili 2025, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. === Basketball Africa League === Mwezi Machi 2025, alisaini mkataba na klabu ya ''Rivers Hoopers'' ya [[Nigeria]], akiwa nahodha wa timu hiyo kwa ajili ya msimu wa tano wa (Basketball Africa League) (BAL). Mashindano ya BAL 2025 yalianza tarehe 5 Aprili mjini [[Rabat]], nchini [[Moroko]]. Katika mechi nane za BAL 2025, alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 9,1, rebounds 2,5 na assists 3,3<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI007">{{en}} ; ''[https://bal.nba.com/news/matchup-spotlight-rivers-hoopers-vs-apr Matchup Spotlight: Rivers Hoopers vs APR : Shamba Maxi Munanga #11 high fives Raphael Putney #24 of the Rivers Hoopers Basketball Club during the game against the Stade Malien on April 5, 2025, Rabat, Morocco]'', bal.nba.com, 09 Juni 2025, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. Baadaye, alishiriki katika hatua za kufuzu kwa BAL 2025–2026 akiwa na JCA Abidjan. Katika mechi tatu, alikuwa na wastani wa pointi 6,3, rebounds 3,7 na assists 4,7<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI008">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/players/177338-maxi-munanga-shamba Maxi Munanga Shamba (DR CONGO) : "Statistiques"], FIBA.basketball, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. === Timu ya taifa === Maxi Munanga Shamba alianza kuchezea timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] katika mashindano ya ''AfroBasket 2017'', yaliyofanyika [[Senegal]] na [[Tunisia]]. Kwa kipindi cha karibu miaka minane, alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji muhimu wa timu ya taifa. Mwezi Februari 2025, aliisaidia RDC kuishinda [[Moroko]] kwa pointi 65 dhidi ya 55 katika mechi za kufuzu kwa ''AfroBasket 2025''. Katika mchezo huo, alifunga pointi 15 ndani ya dakika 20, huku akifanikiwa kufunga mikwaju minne ya pointi tatu kati ya sita aliyojaribu<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI008" />. Pia alishiriki katika mashindano ya ''AfroBasket 2025'' yaliyofanyika [[Angola]], akiwa pamoja na timu ya taifa ya RDC. Katika mashindano hayo, alivaa jezi yenye namba 7<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI009">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/events/fiba-afrobasket-2025/teams/congo-dr/177338-maxi-munanga-shamba #7 : Maxi Munanga Shamba]'', FIBA Basketball, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI010">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/events/fiba-afrobasket-2025-qualifiers/news/final-rosters-confirmed-on-eve-of-window-3-of-the-afrobasket-2025-qualifiers Les effectifs définitifs sont confirmés à la veille de la fenêtre 3 des éliminatoires de l'AfroBasket 2025]'', FIBA Basketball, 21 Februari 2025, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>{{,}}<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI011">{{fr}} ; ''[https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/events/fiba-afrobasket-2025-qualifiers/teams/congo-dr Congo DR]'', FIBA Basketball, 2025, ilitembelewa tarehe 07 Novemba 2026</ref>. == Mtindo wake wa kucheza == Maxi Munanga Shamba ni mchezeshaji mwenye urefu wa mita 1,90. Ni mchezaji mwenye uwezo wa kufunga pointi nyingi na kutoa pasi za kufunga. Anajulikana kwa kasi yake, uwezo wa kuiba mipira kutoka kwa wapinzani wakati wa ulinzi, na uwezo wa kuongoza mchezo katika nyakati muhimu. Alionyesha uwezo huo hasa katika fainali ya ''AfroCan 2019''<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI000" />. == Takwimu za michezo == === Katika timu ya taifa === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Idadi ya michezo akiwa na timu ya taifa<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI008" /> ! Mwaka !! Mashindano!! Burudani !! Pts !! Reb !! Pass !! Eff |- | 2017 || AfroBasket || 4 || 10,5 || 2,8 || 2,5 || 10,0 |- | 2019 || AfroCan || 5 || 18,8 || 5,5 || 5,3 || 20,3 |- | 2019 || Fainali za Kombe la Dunia || 6 || 10,2 || 3,7 || 2,0 || 8,3 |- | 2021 || AfroBasket || 3 || 12,7 || 3,0 || 6,7 || – |- | 2025 || Michuano ya Kufuzu kwa AfroBasket || 3 || 8,3 || 1,3 || 3,0 || 7,7 |- | 2025 || AfroBasket || 4 || 5,0 || 1,5 || 0,8 || 1,8 |} === Katika klabu – BAL === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Idadi ya michezo katika BAL<ref name="ADAMNTUMBAMBAYI006" /> ! Basi !! Klabu !! Burudani !! Pts !! Reb !! Pass |- | 2025 || Rivers Hoopers || 8 || 9,1 || 2,5 || 3,3 |- | 2025–2026 || JCA Abidjan – Qualifications BAL || 3 || 6,3 || 3,7 || 4,7 |} == Mafanikio == === Katika timu ya taifa === ''AfroCan'' : ''AfroCan 2019'' – Medali ya dhahabu akiwa na [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ([[DRC]]) == Katika vilabu == * Ubingwa wa ligi ya [[Côte d'Ivoire]] : 2025 akiwa na JCA Abidjan * Kombe la Taifa la [[Côte d'Ivoire]] : 2025 akiwa na JCA Abidjan === Tuzo na heshima binafsi === * MVP wa ''AfroCan'' : 2019 * Nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ([[DRC]]) == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.fiba.basketball/fr/players/177338-maxi-munanga-shamba Maxi Munanga Shamba] – FIBA * [https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Maxi-Munanga-Shamba/Summary/119037 Maxi Munanga Shamba] – RealGM. * [https://bal.nba.com/ Maxi Munanga Shamba] – Basketball Africa League. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] h9edh0qdca2j3fu6gi040ljmj0epuyn 0 257398 1615464 2026-11-07T22:59:19Z AdamLynnMcGill007 72462 #100WikiDaysChallengeRDC2026 " Création en Traduction Article | Kuba (watu) " 1615464 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wakuba''', <ref>''« Kuba » est un nom de groupe qui ne varie pas au singulier ni au pluriel, mais qui s’écrit parfois « Kubas », « Kouba » ou « Koubas »</ref> au '''Bakuba'''<ref>''Bakuba'' ezali lolenge ya kombo na ebele, na libakisi ya etuluku ''ba-''.</ref> ni jamii ya watu wanaozungumza '''lugha za Kibantu''', wanaoishi Afrika ya Kati, kati ya [[Mto Kasaï]] na [[Mto Sankuru]], katikati ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Wakuba ni sehemu ya kundi kubwa la jamii zinazojulikana kama '''Anamongo'''. Wana mfumo wa jadi wa kifalme na wanajulikana kwa sanaa yao ya sanamu na vitambaa wanavyotengeneza. Mji mkuu wao ni '''Mushenge'''. == Muundo wa kijamii == Wakuba wanaundwa na makundi ya watu zaidi ya ishirini, yakiwemo makundi makubwa ya Bushong, Ngeende, Ngongo, Shoowa, Bieeng, Idiing, Ilebo, Kel, Kayuweeng, Kete, Bulaang, Pyang, Mbeengi, Maluk, Ngombe, Bokila na Kaam (sfn, Leuchak, 1996, uk. 9). Bushong (au Mbala), Bulaang, Ngeende na Pyaang ni makundi makuu ya jamii hiyo; yanaweza kuchukuliwa kama makundi madogo ndani ya jamii pana ya Wakuba. Kel na Ngongo ni makundi yanayohusiana nao, huku makundi mengine yakiwa chini ya mamlaka ya ''lukengo'', yaani mfalme wa Wakuba, kama vile Shoowa, Kayoong na Ngombe (sfn, Boone, 1961, uk. 81). == Majina ya jamii == Kwa mujibu wa nyaraka na maandiko mbalimbali, jina la Wakuba lina namna nyingi za kuandikwa: Bacouba, Bakouba, Ba-kuba, Bakuba, Kouba, Kuba, Kubas, Luna na Tukubba<ref>Source '''RAMEAU''', ''Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF)'' [http://data.bnf.fr/12078584/kuba__peuple_d_afrique_/]</ref>. Wakati mwingine huitwa pia Bushong au Bushongo, lakini majina hayo yanarejelea hasa kundi moja dogo ndani ya jamii ya Wakuba. == Historia == '''Ufalme wa Kuba''', ulianzishwa karibu mwaka 1600<ref>« Les Kubas » in Alain-Michel Boyer, ''Les Arts d'Afrique'', Hazan, 2008, p. 350-351</ref>. Ndani ya ufalme huo, jamii iliyokuwa na utawala mkuu wa kifalme na mfumo wa vyeo vya kijamii wenye ngazi nyingi iliendeleza sanaa nzuri za kifalme. == Idadi ya watu == Idadi ya Wakuba inakadiriwa kuwa watu {{formatnum:250000}}. == Mila na desturi == ''Ni jambo la kushangaza na muhimu kuona kwamba, katika baadhi ya jamii za Kongo, sanaa hutumiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kupamba nyumba, kutengeneza vitu vya nyasi na kuchonga vifaa vya mbao... Sanaa ya Bushongo haina mfano wake miongoni mwa jamii zote za watu weusi.'' (Henri Clouzot) <ref>Un an au Congo belge, Roger de Chateleux dit ''Chalux''(1878-1956),éditeur Albert Dewit, Bruxelles,1925, p.236-237</ref>{{,}}<ref>L'Art du Congo belge (1921), MM. '''Henri Clouzot''' et Level </ref>. === Vitambaa === Wakuba wanajulikana sana kwa mikeka na vitambaa vyao vinavyotengenezwa kwa ''raffia''. Kama ilivyo kwa '''vitambaa vya [[Wakongo]]''', sanaa ya Wakuba iliendelezwa ndani ya mfumo wa kifalme wenye ngazi nyingi za kijamii. Jamii zote mbili zilithamini sanaa iliyotumiwa katika sherehe, mapambo ya mwili na kujieleza mbele ya watu wengine. Pia zilitumia nyuzi za ''mti wa raffia'' kutengeneza vitambaa vyao. Wakongo na Wakuba wanafanana katika matumizi ya michoro ya kijiometria, alama za kiroho, alama za kifalme na vitambaa vya hadhi ya juu, pamoja na mbinu za kuvitengeneza<ref>{{en}} (Ouvrage) : Vanessa Drake Moraga : ''Weaving abstraction : Kuba textiles and the woven art of Central Africa'', à Washington, D.C., éditeur: Textile Museum, 2011, pages totales; 192 {{ISBN|978-0-87405-036-3}}</ref>. Wakuba wana mafundi wanaotengeneza vitambaa vinavyojulikana kwa jina la « '''''Velours ya Kasaï''''' »<ref>Guide du voyageur au Congo belge et au Ruanda-Urundi, Édité par l'office du tourisme, 87 rue de la Loi, Bruxelles en Août 1951, p.338</ref>. Vitambaa hivyo hutengenezwa kwa nyuzi nyembamba za raffia. Si velvet halisi, bali ni vitambaa vilivyopambwa kwa nyuzi zilizosokotwa kwa mistari ya wima, ambazo husimama na kukaribiana. Vitambaa hivyo huwa laini sana vinapoguswa<ref>Un an au Congo belge, Roger de Chateleux dit ''Chalux''(1878-1956),éditeur Albert Dewit, Bruxelles,1925 p.239</ref>. <gallery> File:Kuba skirt (1).jpg File:Raffia Cloth; Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kuba people; early 20th century; Raffia.jpg File:Raffia Cloth; Kuba people; plain weave and appliqué, early 20th century,Honolulu Academy of Arts.jpg </gallery> === Barakoa === Wakuba pia hutengeneza barakoa za kichwani na vikombe vyenye umbo la mwili wa binadamu. <gallery> File:DR Kongo Kuba Moshambwooy-Stülpmaske Linden-Museum F51866L.jpg File:Mulwalwa helmet mask Berlin-Dahlem.jpg File:Masque Kuba-Musée ethnologique de Berlin.jpg File:Mukenga mask-Kuba.jpg </gallery> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Tazama pia == === Bibliografia === * ''(Ouvrage) {{fr}} Olga Boone : "Carte ethnique du Congo", Quart Sud-Est, éditeur: Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale, 1961, collection: Annales du Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale, série : 8, numéro dans collection: 37 passage: 72-81 lire en ligne sur [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.31158002347879 Carte ethnique du Congo", Quart Sud-Est] * ''{{en}} Sam Hilu and Irwin Hersey, ''Textile art of the Bakuba : velvet embroideries in raffia'', Schiffer Publishing, Atglen (Pa.), 2003, 192 p. {{ISBN|0-7643-1685-0}} * ''{{en}} Claes Josefsson, ''The politics of Chaos : on the meaning of human sacrifice among the Kuba of Zaire'', Working papers of the Department of Social Anthropology, University of Gothenburg ; no. 25, 1981, 23 p. * ''(Ouvrage) {{en}} Rebecca Leuchak : "Kuba (Zaire)", éditeur : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, 1996, p.64, {{ISBN|0-8239-1996-X}} * '''''Georges Meurant'', ''Art kuba'', Crédit communal, 1986, 16 p. {{ISBN|9782871930044}} * ''''Georges Meurant'', ''Dessin Shoowa : textiles africains du Royaume kuba'', Crédit communal, 1986 (OCLC:461913348) * '''''Georges Meurant'', ''Abstractions aux royaumes des Kuba : dessin shoowa'', Editions Dapper, Paris, 1987, 205 p. (OCLC:495995617) * ''Au royaume du signe : appliqués sur toile des Kuba'', Zaïre, A. Biro, Fondation Dapper, 1988, 96 p. {{ISBN|2876600110}} * ''{{de}} '''Georges Meurant''', ''Traumzeichen: Raphiagewebe des Königreichs Bakuba'', Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin / Verlag Fred Jahn, München,1989. (OCLC:22745390) * ''{{en}} Ladislas Segy, « Bakuba cups : An essay on style-classification », ''Midwest Journal'', vol. IV, Numéro : 1, hiver 1951-52, p. 26-49 * ''Emil Torday, ''Notes ethnographiques sur les peuples communément appelés Bakuba, ainsi que sur les peuplades apparentées. Les Bushongo'', Falk fils, 1910 * '''''Jan Vansina''', ''Les tribus Ba-Kuba et les peuplades apparentées'', International African Institute, Londres, 1954, 62 p. * ''{{en}} Dorothy Koster Washburn, ''Style, classification, and ethnicity : design categories on Bakuba raffia cloth'', American Philosophical Society, 1990 === Makala zinazohusiana === * ''Idadi ya watu katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo * ''Orodha ya makabila ya Afrika === Viungo vya nje === * ''{{en}} [http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Kuba.html Kuba Information] (Arts & Life in Africa, ''Université de l'Iowa'') * {{fr}} [http://detoursdesmondes.typepad.com/dtours_des_mondes/kuba/ Wakuba kwenye tovuti ya Détours du Monde] * {{en}} [http://www.algonet.se/~claes4/antro/claes8.htm Palm wine among the Kuba] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] l28yx8m8ib8yd1a08046580hsjyz612 1615473 1615464 2026-11-07T23:21:52Z AdamLynnMcGill007 72462 #100WikiDaysChallengeRDC2026 " Ajout Picha " 1615473 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een Bakuba man mogelijk een regeringsambtenaar TMnr 60033934.jpg|left|250px|thumb|''Picha ya afisa mashuhuri wa '''Kikuba''', iliyopigwa na '''[[Casimir Zagourski]]''' (kati ya mwaka 1929 na 1937).]] '''Wakuba''', <ref>''« Kuba » est un nom de groupe qui ne varie pas au singulier ni au pluriel, mais qui s’écrit parfois « Kubas », « Kouba » ou « Koubas »</ref> au '''Bakuba'''<ref>''Bakuba'' ezali lolenge ya kombo na ebele, na libakisi ya etuluku ''ba-''.</ref> ni jamii ya watu wanaozungumza '''lugha za Kibantu''', wanaoishi Afrika ya Kati, kati ya [[Mto Kasaï]] na [[Mto Sankuru]], katikati ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Wakuba ni sehemu ya kundi kubwa la jamii zinazojulikana kama '''Anamongo'''. Wana mfumo wa jadi wa kifalme na wanajulikana kwa sanaa yao ya sanamu na vitambaa wanavyotengeneza. Mji mkuu wao ni '''Mushenge'''. == Muundo wa kijamii == Wakuba wanaundwa na makundi ya watu zaidi ya ishirini, yakiwemo makundi makubwa ya Bushong, Ngeende, Ngongo, Shoowa, Bieeng, Idiing, Ilebo, Kel, Kayuweeng, Kete, Bulaang, Pyang, Mbeengi, Maluk, Ngombe, Bokila na Kaam (sfn, Leuchak, 1996, uk. 9). Bushong (au Mbala), Bulaang, Ngeende na Pyaang ni makundi makuu ya jamii hiyo; yanaweza kuchukuliwa kama makundi madogo ndani ya jamii pana ya Wakuba. Kel na Ngongo ni makundi yanayohusiana nao, huku makundi mengine yakiwa chini ya mamlaka ya ''lukengo'', yaani mfalme wa Wakuba, kama vile Shoowa, Kayoong na Ngombe (sfn, Boone, 1961, uk. 81). == Majina ya jamii == Kwa mujibu wa nyaraka na maandiko mbalimbali, jina la Wakuba lina namna nyingi za kuandikwa: Bacouba, Bakouba, Ba-kuba, Bakuba, Kouba, Kuba, Kubas, Luna na Tukubba<ref>Source '''RAMEAU''', ''Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF)'' [http://data.bnf.fr/12078584/kuba__peuple_d_afrique_/]</ref>. Wakati mwingine huitwa pia Bushong au Bushongo, lakini majina hayo yanarejelea hasa kundi moja dogo ndani ya jamii ya Wakuba. == Historia == '''Ufalme wa Kuba''', ulianzishwa karibu mwaka 1600<ref>« Les Kubas » in Alain-Michel Boyer, ''Les Arts d'Afrique'', Hazan, 2008, p. 350-351</ref>. Ndani ya ufalme huo, jamii iliyokuwa na utawala mkuu wa kifalme na mfumo wa vyeo vya kijamii wenye ngazi nyingi iliendeleza sanaa nzuri za kifalme. == Idadi ya watu == Idadi ya Wakuba inakadiriwa kuwa watu {{formatnum:250000}}. == Mila na desturi == ''Ni jambo la kushangaza na muhimu kuona kwamba, katika baadhi ya jamii za Kongo, sanaa hutumiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kupamba nyumba, kutengeneza vitu vya nyasi na kuchonga vifaa vya mbao... Sanaa ya Bushongo haina mfano wake miongoni mwa jamii zote za watu weusi.'' (Henri Clouzot) <ref>Un an au Congo belge, Roger de Chateleux dit ''Chalux''(1878-1956),éditeur Albert Dewit, Bruxelles,1925, p.236-237</ref>{{,}}<ref>L'Art du Congo belge (1921), MM. '''Henri Clouzot''' et Level </ref>. === Vitambaa === Wakuba wanajulikana sana kwa mikeka na vitambaa vyao vinavyotengenezwa kwa ''raffia''. Kama ilivyo kwa '''vitambaa vya [[Wakongo]]''', sanaa ya Wakuba iliendelezwa ndani ya mfumo wa kifalme wenye ngazi nyingi za kijamii. Jamii zote mbili zilithamini sanaa iliyotumiwa katika sherehe, mapambo ya mwili na kujieleza mbele ya watu wengine. Pia zilitumia nyuzi za ''mti wa raffia'' kutengeneza vitambaa vyao. Wakongo na Wakuba wanafanana katika matumizi ya michoro ya kijiometria, alama za kiroho, alama za kifalme na vitambaa vya hadhi ya juu, pamoja na mbinu za kuvitengeneza<ref>{{en}} (Ouvrage) : Vanessa Drake Moraga : ''Weaving abstraction : Kuba textiles and the woven art of Central Africa'', à Washington, D.C., éditeur: Textile Museum, 2011, pages totales; 192 {{ISBN|978-0-87405-036-3}}</ref>. Wakuba wana mafundi wanaotengeneza vitambaa vinavyojulikana kwa jina la « '''''Velours ya Kasaï''''' »<ref>Guide du voyageur au Congo belge et au Ruanda-Urundi, Édité par l'office du tourisme, 87 rue de la Loi, Bruxelles en Août 1951, p.338</ref>. Vitambaa hivyo hutengenezwa kwa nyuzi nyembamba za raffia. Si velvet halisi, bali ni vitambaa vilivyopambwa kwa nyuzi zilizosokotwa kwa mistari ya wima, ambazo husimama na kukaribiana. Vitambaa hivyo huwa laini sana vinapoguswa<ref>Un an au Congo belge, Roger de Chateleux dit ''Chalux''(1878-1956),éditeur Albert Dewit, Bruxelles,1925 p.239</ref>. <gallery> File:Kuba skirt (1).jpg File:Raffia Cloth; Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kuba people; early 20th century; Raffia.jpg File:Raffia Cloth; Kuba people; plain weave and appliqué, early 20th century,Honolulu Academy of Arts.jpg </gallery> === Barakoa === Wakuba pia hutengeneza barakoa za kichwani na vikombe vyenye umbo la mwili wa binadamu. <gallery> File:DR Kongo Kuba Moshambwooy-Stülpmaske Linden-Museum F51866L.jpg File:Mulwalwa helmet mask Berlin-Dahlem.jpg File:Masque Kuba-Musée ethnologique de Berlin.jpg File:Mukenga mask-Kuba.jpg </gallery> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Tazama pia == === Bibliografia === * ''(Ouvrage) {{fr}} Olga Boone : "Carte ethnique du Congo", Quart Sud-Est, éditeur: Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale, 1961, collection: Annales du Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale, série : 8, numéro dans collection: 37 passage: 72-81 lire en ligne sur [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.31158002347879 Carte ethnique du Congo", Quart Sud-Est] * ''{{en}} Sam Hilu and Irwin Hersey, ''Textile art of the Bakuba : velvet embroideries in raffia'', Schiffer Publishing, Atglen (Pa.), 2003, 192 p. {{ISBN|0-7643-1685-0}} * ''{{en}} Claes Josefsson, ''The politics of Chaos : on the meaning of human sacrifice among the Kuba of Zaire'', Working papers of the Department of Social Anthropology, University of Gothenburg ; no. 25, 1981, 23 p. * ''(Ouvrage) {{en}} Rebecca Leuchak : "Kuba (Zaire)", éditeur : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, 1996, p.64, {{ISBN|0-8239-1996-X}} * '''''Georges Meurant'', ''Art kuba'', Crédit communal, 1986, 16 p. {{ISBN|9782871930044}} * ''''Georges Meurant'', ''Dessin Shoowa : textiles africains du Royaume kuba'', Crédit communal, 1986 (OCLC:461913348) * '''''Georges Meurant'', ''Abstractions aux royaumes des Kuba : dessin shoowa'', Editions Dapper, Paris, 1987, 205 p. (OCLC:495995617) * ''Au royaume du signe : appliqués sur toile des Kuba'', Zaïre, A. Biro, Fondation Dapper, 1988, 96 p. {{ISBN|2876600110}} * ''{{de}} '''Georges Meurant''', ''Traumzeichen: Raphiagewebe des Königreichs Bakuba'', Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin / Verlag Fred Jahn, München,1989. (OCLC:22745390) * ''{{en}} Ladislas Segy, « Bakuba cups : An essay on style-classification », ''Midwest Journal'', vol. IV, Numéro : 1, hiver 1951-52, p. 26-49 * ''Emil Torday, ''Notes ethnographiques sur les peuples communément appelés Bakuba, ainsi que sur les peuplades apparentées. Les Bushongo'', Falk fils, 1910 * '''''Jan Vansina''', ''Les tribus Ba-Kuba et les peuplades apparentées'', International African Institute, Londres, 1954, 62 p. * ''{{en}} Dorothy Koster Washburn, ''Style, classification, and ethnicity : design categories on Bakuba raffia cloth'', American Philosophical Society, 1990 === Makala zinazohusiana === * ''Idadi ya watu katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo * ''Orodha ya makabila ya Afrika === Viungo vya nje === * ''{{en}} [http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Kuba.html Kuba Information] (Arts & Life in Africa, ''Université de l'Iowa'') * {{fr}} [http://detoursdesmondes.typepad.com/dtours_des_mondes/kuba/ Wakuba kwenye tovuti ya Détours du Monde] * {{en}} [http://www.algonet.se/~claes4/antro/claes8.htm Palm wine among the Kuba] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Makabila ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] chdfi22ba50c0bp4z25x5a0lwyh49lc 0 257399 1615479 2026-11-07T23:48:22Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cecilia Cassini''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the 11-year-old with designs on fashion fame |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/meet-the-11yearold-with-designs-on-fashion-fame-2096258.html |website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=31 October 2022 |language=en |date=2 October 2010}}</ref><ref name="Castro 2013">{{cite web | last=Castro | first=Tony | title=Teen Fashion Designer Is 'The...' 1615479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cecilia Cassini''' ni mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the 11-year-old with designs on fashion fame |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/meet-the-11yearold-with-designs-on-fashion-fame-2096258.html |website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=31 October 2022 |language=en |date=2 October 2010}}</ref><ref name="Castro 2013">{{cite web | last=Castro | first=Tony | title=Teen Fashion Designer Is 'The Mozart Of Fashion' | website=The Huffington Post | date=8 August 2013 | url=<!-- https://www.huffpost.com/entry/cecilia-cassini-teen-fashion-designer_n_3725384 -->http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/08/cecilia-cassini-teen-fashion-designer_n_3725384.html | accessdate=11 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=At just 14, American Fashion Designer Cecilia Cassini knows what women want to wear |url=https://newstaco.com/2013/09/06/at-just-14-latina-fashion-designer-cecilia-cassini-knows-what-women-want-to-wear/ |website=News Taco |access-date=31 October 2022 |language=en |date=6 September 2013}}</ref><ref name="Black Goldwert 2010">{{cite web | last=Black | first=Rosemary | last2=Goldwert | first2=Lindsay | title=Tween fashion designers like Cecilia Cassini and Lourdes Leon are all the rage | website=NY Daily News | date=8 October 2010 |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/fashion/sew-tween-fashion-designers-cecilia-cassini-lourdes-leon-rage-article-1.188656 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404003644/https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/fashion/sew-tween-fashion-designers-cecilia-cassini-lourdes-leon-rage-article-1.188656 |archive-date=2019-04-04 | accessdate=11 July 2016}}</ref>Cecilia Cassini alizindua mkusanyiko wake wa kwanza wa [[mavazi]] akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi tu, na kujipatia kutambuliwa kama “mbunifu wa mitindo mwenye umri mdogo zaidi duniani.” Hata wakati huo, alikuwa akibuni mavazi akizingatia mahitaji ya mteja wake, huku akiwazia mavazi ambayo yeye mwenyewe angependa kuvaa: mavazi ya kuchekesha na yenye kujieleza, yaliyomfanya ajisikie mwenye kujiamini na kutambuliwa. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD||}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 39nui9efn4fz05b94vjh9okpafm8ws3 0 257400 1615480 2026-11-07T23:53:32Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kelly Carrington''' (<ref>[http://www.tcpalm.com/news/martin-county-grad-playboys-miss-october Martin County grad is Playboy's Miss October]{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218191046/http://www.tcpalm.com/news/martin-county-grad-playboys-miss-october |date=December 18, 2014}}</ref>aliyezaliwa [[24 Juni]], [[1986]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mbunifu wa [[mavazi]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa chapa...' 1615480 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kelly Carrington''' (<ref>[http://www.tcpalm.com/news/martin-county-grad-playboys-miss-october Martin County grad is Playboy's Miss October]{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218191046/http://www.tcpalm.com/news/martin-county-grad-playboys-miss-october |date=December 18, 2014}}</ref>aliyezaliwa [[24 Juni]], [[1986]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mbunifu wa [[mavazi]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa chapa ya mavazi ya kifahari ya kuogelea, Éclairée.<ref name="Éclairée">{{cite web|url=http://eclairee.com/|title= Éclairée: French Inspired Beachwear|date=January 1, 2012}}</ref>Alikuwa [[mwanamke]] aliyeangaziwa wa mwezi katika jarida la ''[[Playboy]]'' la Oktoba 2008.<ref name="pigs">{{cite web|url=http://wekinglypigs.com/cgi-bin/nand/search/pmstat?browse=%3A%3ACONFIG%3A%3Amodelbrowse&key=carrington%2C+kelly&limit=0|title=Playmate data|accessdate=February 7, 2010}}</ref><ref name="playboy oct 2008">{{Cite news | publication-date = October 2008 |title=Playmate Kelly Carrington, University of Florida| date = October 2008 | periodical = Playboy | volume = 55 | issue = 10 | pages = Cover (cr | issn = 0032-1478 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] bhqx17mgxcoj87bp7izzzk5jwprkn55 1615583 1615480 2026-11-08T07:06:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kelly Carrington''' (<ref>[http://www.tcpalm.com/news/martin-county-grad-playboys-miss-october Martin County grad is Playboy's Miss October]{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218191046/http://www.tcpalm.com/news/martin-county-grad-playboys-miss-october |date=December 18, 2014}}</ref>aliyezaliwa [[24 Juni]], [[1986]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mbunifu wa [[mavazi]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa chapa ya mavazi ya kifahari ya kuogelea, Éclairée.<ref name="Éclairée">{{cite web|url=http://eclairee.com/|title= Éclairée: French Inspired Beachwear|date=January 1, 2012}}</ref>Alikuwa [[mwanamke]] aliyeangaziwa wa mwezi katika jarida la ''[[Playboy]]'' la Oktoba 2008.<ref name="pigs">{{cite web|url=http://wekinglypigs.com/cgi-bin/nand/search/pmstat?browse=%3A%3ACONFIG%3A%3Amodelbrowse&key=carrington%2C+kelly&limit=0|title=Playmate data|accessdate=February 7, 2010}}</ref><ref name="playboy oct 2008">{{Rejea habari | publication-date = October 2008 |title=Playmate Kelly Carrington, University of Florida| date = October 2008 | periodical = Playboy | volume = 55 | issue = 10 | pages = Cover (cr | issn = 0032-1478 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] hgui2jqtbiy4dw5b5m5n05v97a8fwtg 0 257401 1615482 2026-11-07T23:56:33Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elizabeth Carpenter'''<ref>[http://www.familychoiceawards.com/family-choice-awards-winners/dinomazes-the-colossal-fossil-book-elizabeth-carpenter-authorillustrator-workman-publishing-company-2/ 2013 Family Choice Award (DinoMazes)]</ref>(amezaliwa mwaka [[1953]]) ni [[mwandishi]], mbunifu wa [[mitindo]], mbunifu wa maumbo ya njia tata (maze) na mbunifu wa michezo ya ubao kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anaishi [[New York City]], ambako anaendesha biashara yake mwe...' 1615482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Carpenter'''<ref>[http://www.familychoiceawards.com/family-choice-awards-winners/dinomazes-the-colossal-fossil-book-elizabeth-carpenter-authorillustrator-workman-publishing-company-2/ 2013 Family Choice Award (DinoMazes)]</ref>(amezaliwa mwaka [[1953]]) ni [[mwandishi]], mbunifu wa [[mitindo]], mbunifu wa maumbo ya njia tata (maze) na mbunifu wa michezo ya ubao kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anaishi [[New York City]], ambako anaendesha biashara yake mwenyewe, Mazeology LLP.<ref>[http://www.creativechild.com/toy-guide/activity-books-for-kids/activity-books/ 2014 Creative Child Book of the Year Award (DinoMazes)]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] ecxl7m9b0oofpm9hvbcu9c5qynj2vne 0 257402 1615483 2026-11-08T00:02:46Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[File:Hattie Carnegie 1955.JPG|thumb|Carnegie mnamo 1955]] '''Hattie Carnegie''' ([[15 Machi]], [[1886]] - [[22 Februari]], [[1956]]) alikuwa mjasiriamali katika sekta ya mitindo mwenye makao yake [[Manhattan|New York City]], kuanzia miaka ya 1920 hadi miaka ya 1950. Alizaliwa [[Vienna]], [[Austria]]-[[Hungary]], kwa jina la '''Henrietta Kanengeiser'''. Alipofikia umri wa miaka ya mwanzoni mwa 20, alikuwa amechukua jina la ukoo Carnegie kama heshima kwa [...' 1615483 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hattie Carnegie 1955.JPG|thumb|Carnegie mnamo 1955]] '''Hattie Carnegie''' ([[15 Machi]], [[1886]] - [[22 Februari]], [[1956]]) alikuwa mjasiriamali katika sekta ya mitindo mwenye makao yake [[Manhattan|New York City]], kuanzia miaka ya 1920 hadi miaka ya 1950. Alizaliwa [[Vienna]], [[Austria]]-[[Hungary]], kwa jina la '''Henrietta Kanengeiser'''. Alipofikia umri wa miaka ya mwanzoni mwa 20, alikuwa amechukua jina la ukoo Carnegie kama heshima kwa [[Andrew Carnegie]], ambaye wakati huo alikuwa mtu tajiri zaidi nchini Marekani.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/makingitinameric00bark|url-access=registration|title=Making it in America: A Sourcebook on Eminent Ethnic Americans|last=Barkan|first=Elliott Robert|date=2001-01-01|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781576070987|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ZyYa0cAPbkC|title=European Immigrant Women in the United States: A Biographical Dictionary|last=Litoff|first=Judy Barrett|author-link=Judy Barrett Litoff|date=1994-01-01|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780824053062|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1886|1956}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] ga5dgnjo4jkiuwy0ih2freo4xdkoq6t 1615564 1615483 2026-11-08T06:28:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615564 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hattie Carnegie 1955.JPG|thumb|Carnegie mnamo 1955]] '''Hattie Carnegie''' ([[15 Machi]], [[1886]] - [[22 Februari]], [[1956]]) alikuwa mjasiriamali katika sekta ya mitindo mwenye makao yake [[Manhattan|New York City]], kuanzia miaka ya 1920 hadi miaka ya 1950. Alizaliwa [[Vienna]], [[Austria]]-[[Hungary]], kwa jina la '''Henrietta Kanengeiser'''. Alipofikia umri wa miaka ya mwanzoni mwa 20, alikuwa amechukua jina la ukoo Carnegie kama heshima kwa [[Andrew Carnegie]], ambaye wakati huo alikuwa mtu tajiri zaidi nchini Marekani.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://archive.org/details/makingitinameric00bark|url-access=registration|title=Making it in America: A Sourcebook on Eminent Ethnic Americans|last=Barkan|first=Elliott Robert|date=2001-01-01|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781576070987|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ZyYa0cAPbkC|title=European Immigrant Women in the United States: A Biographical Dictionary|last=Litoff|first=Judy Barrett|author-link=Judy Barrett Litoff|date=1994-01-01|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780824053062|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1886|1956}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] pdj4k2ewyv41popsiqs1ogatcq15xff 0 257403 1615485 2026-11-08T00:11:24Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ruth Sacks Caplin''' ([[5 Septemba]], [[1920]] – [[5 Agosti]], [[2014]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa filamu, mtetezi wa sanaa, mtaalamu wa tiba na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]], aliyejulikana kwa mswada wa filamu uliotokana na kazi nyingine ya fasihi wa filamu ya ''Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont'', iliyowashirikisha Joan Plowright na Rupert Friend.<ref name="wp">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/ruth-sacks-caplin-screenwriter-...' 1615485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ruth Sacks Caplin''' ([[5 Septemba]], [[1920]] – [[5 Agosti]], [[2014]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa filamu, mtetezi wa sanaa, mtaalamu wa tiba na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]], aliyejulikana kwa mswada wa filamu uliotokana na kazi nyingine ya fasihi wa filamu ya ''Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont'', iliyowashirikisha Joan Plowright na Rupert Friend.<ref name="wp">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/ruth-sacks-caplin-screenwriter-of-mrs-palfrey-at-the-claremont-dies-at-93/2014/08/08/590c751e-1e4e-11e4-82f9-2cd6fa8da5c4_story.html|title=Ruth Sacks Caplin, screenwriter of 'Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont', dies at 93|last=Langer|first=Emily|date=2014-08-09|newspaper=[[Washington Post]]|access-date=2014-09-02}}</ref><ref name="dprogress">{{cite news|url=http://www.dailyprogress.com/news/local/ruth-caplin-passionate-advocate-of-the-arts-remembered/article_d5ca2ad2-1f62-11e4-a0ba-0017a43b2370.html|title=Ruth Caplin, passionate advocate of the arts, remembered|last=Quizon|first=Derek|date=2014-08-08|work=[[The Daily Progress]]|access-date=2014-09-02}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1920|2014}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] h31ft835o7334e02m5joqtopw8ag5vn 0 257404 1615487 2026-11-08T00:18:56Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joselyn Cano''' ([[14 Machi]], [[1990]] – [[7 Desemba]], [[2020]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Joselyn Cano Live Chapel Visitation - Akes Family Funeral Homes |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OpwBEUZvd4/ |website=YouTube |language=en |date=December 16, 2020}}</ref><ref name=nypost>{{cite web |last1=Sparks |first1=Hannah |title=Influencer Joselyn Cano, 30, reportedly dead after botched surgery |url=https://nypost.com/2020/12/17/influencer-joselyn-cano-3...' 1615487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joselyn Cano''' ([[14 Machi]], [[1990]] – [[7 Desemba]], [[2020]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Joselyn Cano Live Chapel Visitation - Akes Family Funeral Homes |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OpwBEUZvd4/ |website=YouTube |language=en |date=December 16, 2020}}</ref><ref name=nypost>{{cite web |last1=Sparks |first1=Hannah |title=Influencer Joselyn Cano, 30, reportedly dead after botched surgery |url=https://nypost.com/2020/12/17/influencer-joselyn-cano-30-reportedly-dead-after-surgery/ |website=New York Post |access-date=18 December 2020 |date=17 December 2020}}</ref> alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]], mbunifu wa mitindo na mtu maarufu kwenye intaneti kutoka [[Marekani]]. ==Kazi== Alizaliwa [[Anaheim, California]], na kukulia Lake Elsinore. Cano alianza kazi ya uanamitindo akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, akifanya kazi kwa ajili ya majarida ya eneo hilo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWMX-dqXNrY|title=Gerardo Ortiz - Y me besa Music Video|date=January 11, 2020|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hot Bike Model Joselyn Cano |url=https://www.hotbikeweb.com/hot-bike-model-joselyn-cano |website=Hot Bike |language=en |date=February 3, 2015}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1990|2020}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 4wx5y3utdky6jeq587h0hkkqigt7aml 0 257405 1615488 2026-11-08T00:24:05Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jeanne S. Campbell''' ([[1919]] – [[2002]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyefanya kazi kuanzia miaka ya 1940 hadi miaka ya 1970. Alikuwa sehemu ya vuguvugu la [[mavazi]] ya michezo ya Marekani, pamoja na Bonnie Cashin na Claire McCardell.<ref name=wwd>{{cite news |last1=Staff writer |title=Obituary: Designer Jeanne S. Campbell, Prominent in Fifties Fashion |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/obituary-designer-jea...' 1615488 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeanne S. Campbell''' ([[1919]] – [[2002]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyefanya kazi kuanzia miaka ya 1940 hadi miaka ya 1970. Alikuwa sehemu ya vuguvugu la [[mavazi]] ya michezo ya Marekani, pamoja na Bonnie Cashin na Claire McCardell.<ref name=wwd>{{cite news |last1=Staff writer |title=Obituary: Designer Jeanne S. Campbell, Prominent in Fifties Fashion |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/obituary-designer-jeanne-s-campbell-prominent-in-fifties-fashion-755294/ |access-date=1 August 2022 |work=WWD |date=30 July 2002 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1919|2002}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 8nsb35mj7kubd5ixx76bjjl3y4qcv6t 0 257406 1615491 2026-11-08T00:29:09Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sarah Calhoun''' (amezaliwa [[13 Machi]], [1979]]) ni [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara na mjasiriamali wa kijamii anayeishi White Sulphur Springs, [[Montana]], [[Marekani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa chapa ya mavazi ya Red Ants Pants, inayotengeneza mavazi imara yaliyoundwa kwa ajili ya wanawake wanaofanya kazi za mikono na kazi za nje.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Red Ants Pants: Working Pants for Working Women |last=Furniss |first=Shannon |date=Winter 2013 |work...' 1615491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sarah Calhoun''' (amezaliwa [[13 Machi]], [1979]]) ni [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara na mjasiriamali wa kijamii anayeishi White Sulphur Springs, [[Montana]], [[Marekani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa chapa ya mavazi ya Red Ants Pants, inayotengeneza mavazi imara yaliyoundwa kwa ajili ya wanawake wanaofanya kazi za mikono na kazi za nje.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Red Ants Pants: Working Pants for Working Women |last=Furniss |first=Shannon |date=Winter 2013 |work=Montana Business Quarterly }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Soil Sisters: A Toolkit for Women Farmers|last=Kivirist |first=Lisa |publisher=New Society |year=2016 |isbn=978-0865718050 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HfBNCwAAQBAJ |pages=177–178}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 2llucu73sgulv0txahddpt64p4bxfc2 1615497 1615491 2026-11-08T00:44:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615497 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sarah Calhoun''' (amezaliwa [[13 Machi]], [1979]]) ni [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara na mjasiriamali wa kijamii anayeishi White Sulphur Springs, [[Montana]], [[Marekani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa chapa ya mavazi ya Red Ants Pants, inayotengeneza mavazi imara yaliyoundwa kwa ajili ya wanawake wanaofanya kazi za mikono na kazi za nje.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title=Red Ants Pants: Working Pants for Working Women |last=Furniss |first=Shannon |date=Winter 2013 |work=Montana Business Quarterly }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu |title=Soil Sisters: A Toolkit for Women Farmers|last=Kivirist |first=Lisa |publisher=New Society |year=2016 |isbn=978-0865718050 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HfBNCwAAQBAJ |pages=177–178}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 6wdy88kyv1s45yekgu7sifksb8ej36t 0 257407 1615492 2026-11-08T00:33:12Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joan Frances Calabrese''' ([[29 Oktoba]], [[1939]] – [[16 Julai]], [[2017]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyebobea katika kubuni mavazi ya kifahari ya [[watoto]].<ref name="family">{{cite web |url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KR2F-36B |title=Joan Frances Calabrese - United States Public Records |publisher=[[FamilySearch.org]] |access-date=July 20, 2017}}</ref> was raised in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]].<ref name=mo...' 1615492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joan Frances Calabrese''' ([[29 Oktoba]], [[1939]] – [[16 Julai]], [[2017]]) alikuwa mbunifu wa [[mitindo]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyebobea katika kubuni mavazi ya kifahari ya [[watoto]].<ref name="family">{{cite web |url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KR2F-36B |title=Joan Frances Calabrese - United States Public Records |publisher=[[FamilySearch.org]] |access-date=July 20, 2017}}</ref> was raised in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]].<ref name=moncheri>[http://moncheribridals.com/designers/joan/ "Joan Calabrese"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111192643/http://moncheribridals.com/designers/joan/ |date=November 11, 2014 }}, moncheri.com, 2014</ref><ref name=caletha>{{cite news|last1=Crawford|first1=Caletha|title=Fancy That|url=http://www.earnshaws.com/articles/qa/2010/06/fancy|access-date=21 July 2014|work=Earnshaws|date=June 2010}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2017}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] q7tpt2pvr4pxty75v8mkc65beg56r69 0 257408 1615494 2026-11-08T00:37:11Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lillian Cahn''' ([[11 Desemba]], [[1923]] – [[4 Machi]], [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara aliyezaliwa [[Hungary|Hungaria]] na kuwa raia wa [[Marekani]], aliyeanzisha kwa pamoja kampuni ya Coach New York na mume wake, Miles Cahn. Lillian Cahn pia alibuni mkusanyiko wa kwanza wa mikoba wa Coach, ambao hadi leo unaendelea kuwa bidhaa kuu inayotambulisha chapa hiyo.<ref name=nytimes>{{cite news|first=Paul|last=Vitello|title=Lillian Cahn, Crea...' 1615494 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lillian Cahn''' ([[11 Desemba]], [[1923]] – [[4 Machi]], [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mwanamke]] mfanyabiashara aliyezaliwa [[Hungary|Hungaria]] na kuwa raia wa [[Marekani]], aliyeanzisha kwa pamoja kampuni ya Coach New York na mume wake, Miles Cahn. Lillian Cahn pia alibuni mkusanyiko wa kwanza wa mikoba wa Coach, ambao hadi leo unaendelea kuwa bidhaa kuu inayotambulisha chapa hiyo.<ref name=nytimes>{{cite news|first=Paul|last=Vitello|title=Lillian Cahn, Creator of the Coach Handbag, Dies at 89|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/business/lillian-cahn-creator-of-the-coach-handbag-dies-at-89.html?_r=0 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=2013-03-07|access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref><ref name=npr>{{cite news|first=Audie|last=Cornish|title=Remembering Lillian Cahn, Creator Of The Coach Handbag|url=https://www.npr.org/2013/03/11/174032177/remembering-lillian-cahn-creator-of-the-coach-handbag |work=[[National Public Radio]]|date=2013-03-11|access-date=2013-04-02}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1923|2013}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] gmf3x8cw2u2jvtwheqj0wl2mpmox3o8 0 257409 1615495 2026-11-08T00:41:18Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jean Williams Cacicedo''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1948]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mavazi]], msanii wa sanaa za kuona na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana kwa makoti yake yaliyotengenezwa kwa mbinu ya kusokota uzi kwa ndoano (crochet) na kwa kutumia mchanganyiko wa vifaa mbalimbali. Pia ni mtu mashuhuri katika vuguvugu la sanaa inayoweza kuvaliwa lililokuwepo katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Davis|first=Virginia|date=2010|title=Jean Wi...' 1615495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean Williams Cacicedo''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1948]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mavazi]], msanii wa sanaa za kuona na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana kwa makoti yake yaliyotengenezwa kwa mbinu ya kusokota uzi kwa ndoano (crochet) na kwa kutumia mchanganyiko wa vifaa mbalimbali. Pia ni mtu mashuhuri katika vuguvugu la sanaa inayoweza kuvaliwa lililokuwepo katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Davis|first=Virginia|date=2010|title=Jean Williams Cacicedo: New Adventures in Old Techniques.|url=https://www.surfacedesign.org/journal/digital-journal-new/|journal=Surface Design Journal|volume=34|issue=2|pages=30–35|via=EBSCOhost}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=2014-01-01 |title=Abstracts and Presenter Biographies from 14th Biennial; Jean Cacicedo |url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1936&context=tsaconf |journal=Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings |pages=18–19}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 31wftz6xnhi6zygzhsnc6qqikj4hrjd 1615575 1615495 2026-11-08T06:46:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1615575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean Williams Cacicedo''' (amezaliwa mwaka [[1948]]) ni mbunifu wa [[mavazi]], msanii wa sanaa za kuona na [[mwalimu]] kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana kwa makoti yake yaliyotengenezwa kwa mbinu ya kusokota uzi kwa ndoano (crochet) na kwa kutumia mchanganyiko wa vifaa mbalimbali. Pia ni mtu mashuhuri katika vuguvugu la sanaa inayoweza kuvaliwa lililokuwepo katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Davis|first=Virginia|date=2010|title=Jean Williams Cacicedo: New Adventures in Old Techniques.|url=https://www.surfacedesign.org/journal/digital-journal-new/|journal=Surface Design Journal|volume=34|issue=2|pages=30–35|via=EBSCOhost}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea jarida |date=2014-01-01 |title=Abstracts and Presenter Biographies from 14th Biennial; Jean Cacicedo |url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1936&context=tsaconf |journal=Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings |pages=18–19}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] kcgsmbg2y4xz7jofv4tj0qiqkzz857r 10 257410 1615527 2026-11-08T04:06:34Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Navbox | name = Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba | state = {{{state|uncollapsed}}} | title = Serikali ya jadi ya [[Mogho Naaba]] | titlestyle = background:#D2B48C; | liststyle = text-align:center; | belowclass = hlist | list1 = '''Mfalme''' ([[Mogho Naaba]]) · '''Jeshi na usalama''' <big>'''['''</big>[[Tansoba Naaba]] <small>(vita)</small> · [[Ouidi Naaba]] <small>(wapanda farasi)</small> · [[Goungha Naaba]] <small>(askari wa miguu)</s...' 1615527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba | state = {{{state|uncollapsed}}} | title = Serikali ya jadi ya [[Mogho Naaba]] | titlestyle = background:#D2B48C; | liststyle = text-align:center; | belowclass = hlist | list1 = '''Mfalme''' ([[Mogho Naaba]]) · '''Jeshi na usalama''' <big>'''['''</big>[[Tansoba Naaba]] <small>(vita)</small> · [[Ouidi Naaba]] <small>(wapanda farasi)</small> · [[Goungha Naaba]] <small>(askari wa miguu)</small> · [[Dapoya Naaba]] <small>(usalama)</small><big>''']'''</big> · '''Utawala wa kifalme''' <big>'''['''</big>[[Baloum Naaba]] <small>(huduma za ikulu na msemaji)</small> · [[Larlé Naaba]] <small>(makaburi ya kifalme na mila)</small> · [[Samandin Naaba]] <small>(itifaki)</small> · [[Balkuy Naaba]] <small>(walinzi wa mfalme)</small><big>''']'''</big> · '''Utawala wa maeneo''' <big>'''['''</big>[[Poe Naaba]] <small>(haki)</small> · [[Kamsonghin Naaba]] <small>(vijana)</small> · [[Neem Naaba]] <small>(masuala ya kijamii, elimu na ardhi)</small><big>''']'''</big> | below = * [[Wamossi]] * [[Wagadugu]] * [[Burkina Faso]] }}<noinclude> [[Jamii:Vigezo vya Afrika]] </noinclude> bizgk4n67dz21mp179hdgywiu8mnhlc 0 257411 1615533 2026-11-08T04:34:24Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Mogho Naaba | image = [[Picha:BF-Ouaga-Entrée du Palais du Mogho Naaba (Roi) (cropped).jpg|250px]] | caption = Lango la ikulu ya Mogho Naaba, Wagadugu | label1 = Ufalme | data1 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label2 = Nchi | data2 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label3 = Kuanzishwa | data3 = Karne ya 12 (kwa mujibu wa mapokeo) | label4 = Mfalme wa kwanza | data4 = Ouedraogo | label5 = Mfalme wa sasa | data5 = Naaba Baongho II (tangu 1982) | label6 = Mu...' 1615533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Mogho Naaba | image = [[Picha:BF-Ouaga-Entrée du Palais du Mogho Naaba (Roi) (cropped).jpg|250px]] | caption = Lango la ikulu ya Mogho Naaba, Wagadugu | label1 = Ufalme | data1 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label2 = Nchi | data2 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label3 = Kuanzishwa | data3 = Karne ya 12 (kwa mujibu wa mapokeo) | label4 = Mfalme wa kwanza | data4 = Ouedraogo | label5 = Mfalme wa sasa | data5 = Naaba Baongho II (tangu 1982) | label6 = Muda wa utawala | data6 = Maisha yote | label7 = Makazi | data7 = Ikulu ya Panghin, Wagadugu }} '''Mogho Naaba''' (pia ''Mogho Naba'' au ''Moro Naba'') ni cheo cha mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa [[Kimoore]], jina hili linamaanisha "mkuu wa dunia": ''naaba'' ni "mkuu" na ''mogho'' ni "dunia". Mogho Naaba hutawala maisha yake yote. Huchaguliwa na viongozi wakuu wa baraza la kifalme kati ya wazao wa [[Oubri]]. Leo hana mamlaka ya kisheria. Hata hivyo, anaheshimiwa sana kama kiongozi wa kimaadili. == Historia == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, Ouedraogo alianzisha ufalme wa Mossi katika karne ya 12. Mjukuu wake Oubri alikuwa Mogho Naaba wa kwanza wa Wagadugu. Oubri alianzisha mji wa Wagadugu.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kila asubuhi, orodha ya wafalme wote husomwa mbele ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="matin">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://matinlibre.com/index.php/international/item/1252-mogho-naba-le-chef-des-mossi-et-chef-spirituel-du-burkina |title=Mogho Naba : Le chef des Mossi et chef spirituel du Burkina |website=Matin Libre |date=2014-12-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 1958, Mogho Naaba Kougri alijaribu kupindua serikali. Baada ya hapo, Rais Maurice Yaméogo alifuta sheria iliyopanga uchifu wa jadi.<ref name="monde">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/23/au-burkina-la-chefferie-traditionnelle-peut-restaurer-le-dialogue-et-la-cohesion-sociale_6026979_3212.html |title=Au Burkina, la chefferie traditionnelle peut restaurer le dialogue et la cohésion sociale |author=Sophie Douce |website=Le Monde |date=2020-01-23 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa utawala wa [[Thomas Sankara]], mamlaka ya machifu wa jadi yalipunguzwa zaidi.<ref name="monde" /> Leo Mogho Naaba ni mpatanishi anayesikilizwa katika migogoro ya kisiasa.<ref name="matin" /> Mwaka 2015, Isaac Zida, kiongozi wa serikali ya mpito, alikimbilia kwa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="ja15">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/233386/politique/burkina-zida-l-affranchi/ |title=Burkina : Zida l'affranchi |author=Benjamin Roger |website=Jeune Afrique |date=2015-06-02 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba wa sasa ni Naaba Baongho II. Alianza kutawala tarehe 21 Desemba 1982.<ref name="ja">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Articles/Dossier/ARTJAJA2601p074-075.xml0/blaise-compaore-cdp-ceni-thomas-sankarafigures-de-la-societe-civile-burkinabe.html |title=Figures de la société civile burkinabè |website=Jeune Afrique |language=fr}}</ref> == Uchaguzi == Mogho Naaba anapofariki, baraza huchagua mrithi kati ya wazao wake wa kiume. Kwa kawaida mrithi ni mwanawe mkubwa, ikiwa anastahili.<ref name="matin" /> == Mila za kifalme == Kila Ijumaa asubuhi, sherehe ya "kuondoka kwa uongo" hufanyika mbele ya ikulu. Mogho Naaba hutoka akiwa amevaa nguo nyekundu za vita. Yuko tayari kupanda farasi. Mawaziri humzuia. Kisha anarudi akiwa amevaa nguo nyeupe, rangi ya amani.<ref name="vox">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.voxkultur.com/2020/08/21/rituels-immemoriaux-le-faux-depart-du-mogho-naba/ |title=Rituels immémoriaux : Le faux départ du Mogho Naba |website=Vox Kultur |date=2020-08-21 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba huzungumza Kimoore tu. Huongea na wageni kupitia msemaji wake.<ref name="matin" /> Jina lake la kiraia haliruhusiwi kutajwa.<ref name="matin" /> Ikulu yake inaitwa Panghin. Iko katika mtaa wa Bilbalogho, Wagadugu.<ref name="matin" /> == Baraza la mawaziri == Mogho Naaba husaidiwa na baraza la mawaziri wa jadi. Kila waziri ana kazi maalum. Wengi wao pia ni machifu wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu.<ref name="cons">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.burkinafaso-cotedazur.fr/mogho-naba |title=Mogho Naba |website=Consulat du Burkina Faso de Nice |date=2014-11-28 |language=fr}}</ref> Mawaziri hao ni pamoja na: * [[Tansoba Naaba]], waziri wa vita; * [[Ouidi Naaba]], waziri wa wapanda farasi; * [[Goungha Naaba]], waziri wa askari wa miguu; * [[Baloum Naaba]], waziri wa huduma za ikulu; * [[Larlé Naaba]], waziri wa makaburi ya kifalme; * [[Kamsonghin Naaba]], waziri wa vijana; * [[Dapoya Naaba]], waziri wa usalama; * [[Poe Naaba]], waziri wa haki; * [[Samandin Naaba]], [[Neem Naaba]] na [[Balkuy Naaba]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mogho Naaba}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] j675qabdmnnjj487ktlaqt5e6cu1x93 1615538 1615533 2026-11-08T05:03:17Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Mogho Naaba | image = [[Picha:BF-Ouaga-Entrée du Palais du Mogho Naaba (Roi) (cropped).jpg|250px]] | caption = Lango la ikulu ya Mogho Naaba, Wagadugu | label1 = Ufalme | data1 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label2 = Nchi | data2 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label3 = Kuanzishwa | data3 = Karne ya 12 (kwa mujibu wa mapokeo) | label4 = Mfalme wa kwanza | data4 = Ouedraogo | label5 = Mfalme wa sasa | data5 = Naaba Baongho II (tangu 1982) | label6 = Muda wa utawala | data6 = Maisha yote | label7 = Makazi | data7 = Ikulu ya Panghin, Wagadugu }} '''Mogho Naaba''' (pia ''Mogho Naba'' au ''Moro Naba'') ni cheo cha mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa [[Kimoore]], jina hili linamaanisha "mkuu wa dunia": ''naaba'' ni "mkuu" na ''mogho'' ni "dunia". Mogho Naaba hutawala maisha yake yote. Huchaguliwa na viongozi wakuu wa baraza la kifalme kati ya wazao wa [[Oubri]]. Leo hana mamlaka ya kisheria. Hata hivyo, anaheshimiwa sana kama kiongozi wa kimaadili. == Historia == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, Ouedraogo alianzisha ufalme wa Mossi katika karne ya 12. Mjukuu wake Oubri alikuwa Mogho Naaba wa kwanza wa Wagadugu. Oubri alianzisha mji wa Wagadugu.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kila asubuhi, orodha ya wafalme wote husomwa mbele ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="matin">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://matinlibre.com/index.php/international/item/1252-mogho-naba-le-chef-des-mossi-et-chef-spirituel-du-burkina |title=Mogho Naba : Le chef des Mossi et chef spirituel du Burkina |website=Matin Libre |date=2014-12-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 1958, Mogho Naaba Kougri alijaribu kupindua serikali. Baada ya hapo, Rais Maurice Yaméogo alifuta sheria iliyopanga uchifu wa jadi.<ref name="monde">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/23/au-burkina-la-chefferie-traditionnelle-peut-restaurer-le-dialogue-et-la-cohesion-sociale_6026979_3212.html |title=Au Burkina, la chefferie traditionnelle peut restaurer le dialogue et la cohésion sociale |author=Sophie Douce |website=Le Monde |date=2020-01-23 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa utawala wa [[Thomas Sankara]], mamlaka ya machifu wa jadi yalipunguzwa zaidi.<ref name="monde" /> Leo Mogho Naaba ni mpatanishi anayesikilizwa katika migogoro ya kisiasa.<ref name="matin" /> Mwaka 2015, Isaac Zida, kiongozi wa serikali ya mpito, alikimbilia kwa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="ja15">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/233386/politique/burkina-zida-l-affranchi/ |title=Burkina : Zida l'affranchi |author=Benjamin Roger |website=Jeune Afrique |date=2015-06-02 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba wa sasa ni Naaba Baongho II. Alianza kutawala tarehe 21 Desemba 1982.<ref name="ja">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Articles/Dossier/ARTJAJA2601p074-075.xml0/blaise-compaore-cdp-ceni-thomas-sankarafigures-de-la-societe-civile-burkinabe.html |title=Figures de la société civile burkinabè |website=Jeune Afrique |language=fr}}</ref> == Orodha ya wafalme == Orodha hii inafuata mpangilio na tarehe za Yamba Tiendrebeogo.<ref name="tie" /> Matendo ya wafalme yanatoka katika kitabu cha Leo Frobenius, ''Histoire et contes des Mossi''.<ref name="frob">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |pages=1–17 |language=fr}}</ref> Frobenius anatumia majina tofauti kidogo kwa baadhi ya wafalme. Mpangilio wake pia unatofautiana mahali pachache. Safu ya "Uk." inaonyesha kurasa za kitabu hicho. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:small;" ! Na. !! Mfalme !! Utawala !! Matendo makuu !! Uk. |- | 1 || Naaba Ouedraogo || ? – 1132 || Mwanzilishi wa ufalme. Frobenius anamwita Ouidi Rogo. Aliongoza vita hadi Timbuktu. || 1–2 |- | 2 || Naaba Zoungrana || 1132 – 1182 || Alipigana na Wanyinisi na kuwasukuma upande wa magharibi. || 3 |- | 3 || Naaba Oubri || 1182 – 1244 || Alijenga mji wa Wagadugu. Aliwasukuma Wagurunsi ng'ambo ya mto Volta. Alizikwa Oubritenga. || 3–4 |- | 4 || Naaba Naskiemdé || 1244 – 1286 || Mapokeo yanasema machache kuhusu utawala wake. || 4 |- | 5 || Naaba Nasbiré || 1286 – 1307 || Majimbo ya Kayo na Yatenga yalipanuka. Aliwapa wanawe majimbo ya mipakani. || 5–6 |- | 6 || Naaba Soarba || 1307 – 1323 || Frobenius anamwita Sorroba. Alianzisha sadaka ya ng'ombe kwenye kaburi la mfalme aliyefariki. Alitunga sheria nyingi. || 4 |- | 7 || Naaba Gningnemdo || 1323 – 1337 || Aliwahonga wakuu ili mwanawe amrithi. || 6–7 |- | 8 || Naaba Koundoumié || 1337 – 1358 || Aligawa nchi katika majimbo makubwa. Alianzisha majimbo ya Boussouma na Yako. || 7–8 |- | 9 || Naaba Kouda || 1358 – 1401 || Alipigana vita vingi. Aliwaweka wanawe kuongoza majimbo. || 8 |- | 10 || Naaba Dawingma || 1401 – 1409 || Frobenius anamwita Dangoegoma. Alikuwa mpiganaji hodari. Aliomba mdogo wake amrithi. || 8–9 |- | 11 || Naaba Zoétré Bousma || 1409 – 1441 || Mdogo wa Dawingma. Alipata kiti kwa matakwa ya kaka yake. || 9–10 |- | 12 || Naaba Niandfo || 1441 – 1511 || Alitawala muda mrefu. Kilima cha majivu cha Wagadugu kinaitwa kwa jina lake. || 10 |- | 13 || Naaba Nakim || 1511 – 1541 || — || — |- | 14 || Naaba Namégué || 1541 – 1542 || Alipigana na Waboussansi na Boussouma. Alifariki vitani. || 10 |- | 15 || Naaba Kilba || 1542 – 1561 || — || — |- | 16 || Naaba Kimba || 1561 – 1582 || Alitawala akiwa mzee sana. || 10 |- | 17 || Naaba Goalba || 1582 – 1599 || Frobenius anamwita Gobaga. Alikuwa mkali kwa wakuu wa ufalme. || 11 |- | 18 || Naaba Guirga || 1599 – 1605 || Frobenius anamwita Guiliga. Anaelezwa kama mmoja wa wafalme wakatili zaidi. || 11 |- | 19 || Naaba Zanna || 1605 – 1633 || Frobenius anamwita Sana. Ukame ulitokea wakati wake. Aliondolewa, kisha akarudishwa. || 10–11 |- | 20 || Naaba Oubi || 1633 – 1659 || Alifanya sherehe kubwa na kuwapa wakuu zawadi. || 11–12 |- | 21 || Naaba Motiba || 1659 – 1666 || Frobenius anamwita Ouatouba. Alipigana vita vidogo upande wa magharibi. Alifariki vitani. || 12 |- | 22 || Naaba Warga || 1666 – 1681 || Frobenius anamwita Ouaraga. Aliongoza mashambulizi kaskazini. Alianzisha mji wa La. || 12 |- | 23 || Naaba Zombré || 1681 – 1744 || Frobenius anamwita Doumbouri. Alitawala kwa amani. Alihamisha soko karibu na ikulu. || 12–13 |- | 24 || Naaba Koom I || 1744 – 1762 || Mama yake alikuwa Mwislamu. Alifuata mafundisho ya Uislamu. || 13–14 |- | 25 || Naaba Saagha I || 1762 – 1783 || Alipigana na ndugu wa baba yake. Aliondolewa na kukaa Sapone miaka mitatu. || 14 |- | 26 || Naaba Doulougou || 1783 – 1802 || Alipigana vita vingi, hasa dhidi ya Boussouma. Alikufa kwa mshale. || 14–15 |- | 27 || Naaba Sawadogo || 1802 – 1834 || Alikumbukwa kwa busara na ujuzi wa diplomasia. || 15 |- | 28 || Naaba Karfo || 1834 – 1842 || Alizima uasi wa [[Ouidi Naaba]]. || 15–16 |- | 29 || Naaba Baongho I || 1842 – 1850 || Frobenius anamwita Bongo. Alikuwa mkali. Aliwapeleleza raia wake. || 16 |- | 30 || Naaba Koutou || 1850 – 1871 || Aliharibu mji wa Sourroukou ulioasi. || 16–17 |- | 31 || Naaba Sanem || 1871 – 1889 || Wazungu wa kwanza, Krause na Binger, walifika Wagadugu. || 17 |- | 32 || Naaba Wobgho || 1889 – 1897 || Wakati wa kuwasili kwa Wafaransa, alikimbilia kusini. Alifariki uhamishoni. || 17 |- | 33 || Naaba Siguiri || 1897 – 1905 || Alishirikiana na Wafaransa. || 17 |- | 34 || Naaba Koom II || 1905 – 1942 || — || — |- | 35 || Naaba Saagha II || 1942 – 1957 || — || — |- | 36 || Naaba Kougri || 1957 – 1982 || Alijaribu kupindua serikali mwaka 1958.<ref name="monde" /> || — |- | 37 || Naaba Baongho II || Tangu 1982 || Mpatanishi katika migogoro ya kisiasa.<ref name="matin" /> || — |} == Uchaguzi == Mogho Naaba anapofariki, baraza huchagua mrithi kati ya wazao wake wa kiume. Kwa kawaida mrithi ni mwanawe mkubwa, ikiwa anastahili.<ref name="matin" /> == Mila za kifalme == Kila Ijumaa asubuhi, sherehe ya "kuondoka kwa uongo" hufanyika mbele ya ikulu. Mogho Naaba hutoka akiwa amevaa nguo nyekundu za vita. Yuko tayari kupanda farasi. Mawaziri humzuia. Kisha anarudi akiwa amevaa nguo nyeupe, rangi ya amani.<ref name="vox">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.voxkultur.com/2020/08/21/rituels-immemoriaux-le-faux-depart-du-mogho-naba/ |title=Rituels immémoriaux : Le faux départ du Mogho Naba |website=Vox Kultur |date=2020-08-21 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba huzungumza Kimoore tu. Huongea na wageni kupitia msemaji wake.<ref name="matin" /> Jina lake la kiraia haliruhusiwi kutajwa.<ref name="matin" /> Ikulu yake inaitwa Panghin. Iko katika mtaa wa Bilbalogho, Wagadugu.<ref name="matin" /> == Baraza la mawaziri == Mogho Naaba husaidiwa na baraza la mawaziri wa jadi. Kila waziri ana kazi maalum. Wengi wao pia ni machifu wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu.<ref name="cons">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.burkinafaso-cotedazur.fr/mogho-naba |title=Mogho Naba |website=Consulat du Burkina Faso de Nice |date=2014-11-28 |language=fr}}</ref> Mawaziri hao ni pamoja na: * [[Tansoba Naaba]], waziri wa vita; * [[Ouidi Naaba]], waziri wa wapanda farasi; * [[Goungha Naaba]], waziri wa askari wa miguu; * [[Baloum Naaba]], waziri wa huduma za ikulu; * [[Larlé Naaba]], waziri wa makaburi ya kifalme; * [[Kamsonghin Naaba]], waziri wa vijana; * [[Dapoya Naaba]], waziri wa usalama; * [[Poe Naaba]], waziri wa haki; * [[Samandin Naaba]], [[Neem Naaba]] na [[Balkuy Naaba]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mogho Naaba}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 1rq5hdkblsrby3vhyw519pp1jfqxs9a 1615595 1615538 2026-11-08T07:46:33Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Mogho Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[Picha:BF-Ouaga-Entrée du Palais du Mogho Naaba (Roi) (cropped).jpg|250px]] | caption = Lango la ikulu ya Mogho Naaba, Wagadugu | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Nchi | data3 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label4 = Kuanzishwa | data4 = Karne ya 12 (kwa mujibu wa mapokeo) | label5 = Mfalme wa kwanza | data5 = Ouedraogo | label6 = Mfalme wa sasa | data6 = Naaba Baongho II (tangu 1982) | label7 = Muda wa utawala | data7 = Maisha yote | label8 = Makazi | data8 = Ikulu ya Panghin, Wagadugu }} '''Mogho Naaba''' (pia ''Mogho Naba'' au ''Moro Naba'') ni cheo cha mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa [[Kimoore]], jina hili linamaanisha "mkuu wa dunia": ''naaba'' ni "mkuu" na ''mogho'' ni "dunia". Mogho Naaba hutawala maisha yake yote. Huchaguliwa na viongozi wakuu wa baraza la kifalme kati ya wazao wa [[Oubri]]. Leo hana mamlaka ya kisheria. Hata hivyo, anaheshimiwa sana kama kiongozi wa kimaadili. == Historia == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, Ouedraogo alianzisha ufalme wa Mossi katika karne ya 12. Mjukuu wake Oubri alikuwa Mogho Naaba wa kwanza wa Wagadugu. Oubri alianzisha mji wa Wagadugu.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kila asubuhi, orodha ya wafalme wote husomwa mbele ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="matin">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://matinlibre.com/index.php/international/item/1252-mogho-naba-le-chef-des-mossi-et-chef-spirituel-du-burkina |title=Mogho Naba : Le chef des Mossi et chef spirituel du Burkina |website=Matin Libre |date=2014-12-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 1958, Mogho Naaba Kougri alijaribu kupindua serikali. Baada ya hapo, Rais Maurice Yaméogo alifuta sheria iliyopanga uchifu wa jadi.<ref name="monde">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/23/au-burkina-la-chefferie-traditionnelle-peut-restaurer-le-dialogue-et-la-cohesion-sociale_6026979_3212.html |title=Au Burkina, la chefferie traditionnelle peut restaurer le dialogue et la cohésion sociale |author=Sophie Douce |website=Le Monde |date=2020-01-23 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa utawala wa [[Thomas Sankara]], mamlaka ya machifu wa jadi yalipunguzwa zaidi.<ref name="monde" /> Leo Mogho Naaba ni mpatanishi anayesikilizwa katika migogoro ya kisiasa.<ref name="matin" /> Mwaka 2015, Isaac Zida, kiongozi wa serikali ya mpito, alikimbilia kwa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="ja15">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/233386/politique/burkina-zida-l-affranchi/ |title=Burkina : Zida l'affranchi |author=Benjamin Roger |website=Jeune Afrique |date=2015-06-02 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba wa sasa ni Naaba Baongho II. Alianza kutawala tarehe 21 Desemba 1982.<ref name="ja">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Articles/Dossier/ARTJAJA2601p074-075.xml0/blaise-compaore-cdp-ceni-thomas-sankarafigures-de-la-societe-civile-burkinabe.html |title=Figures de la société civile burkinabè |website=Jeune Afrique |language=fr}}</ref> == Orodha ya wafalme == Orodha hii inafuata mpangilio na tarehe za Yamba Tiendrebeogo.<ref name="tie" /> Matendo ya wafalme yanatoka katika kitabu cha Leo Frobenius, ''Histoire et contes des Mossi''.<ref name="frob">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |pages=1–17 |language=fr}}</ref> Frobenius anatumia majina tofauti kidogo kwa baadhi ya wafalme. Mpangilio wake pia unatofautiana mahali pachache. Safu ya "Uk." inaonyesha kurasa za kitabu hicho. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:small;" ! Na. !! Mfalme !! Utawala !! Matendo makuu !! Uk. |- | 1 || Naaba Ouedraogo || ? – 1132 || Mwanzilishi wa ufalme. Frobenius anamwita Ouidi Rogo. Aliongoza vita hadi Timbuktu. || 1–2 |- | 2 || Naaba Zoungrana || 1132 – 1182 || Alipigana na Wanyinisi na kuwasukuma upande wa magharibi. || 3 |- | 3 || Naaba Oubri || 1182 – 1244 || Alijenga mji wa Wagadugu. Aliwasukuma Wagurunsi ng'ambo ya mto Volta. Alizikwa Oubritenga. || 3–4 |- | 4 || Naaba Naskiemdé || 1244 – 1286 || Mapokeo yanasema machache kuhusu utawala wake. || 4 |- | 5 || Naaba Nasbiré || 1286 – 1307 || Majimbo ya Kayo na Yatenga yalipanuka. Aliwapa wanawe majimbo ya mipakani. || 5–6 |- | 6 || Naaba Soarba || 1307 – 1323 || Frobenius anamwita Sorroba. Alianzisha sadaka ya ng'ombe kwenye kaburi la mfalme aliyefariki. Alitunga sheria nyingi. || 4 |- | 7 || Naaba Gningnemdo || 1323 – 1337 || Aliwahonga wakuu ili mwanawe amrithi. || 6–7 |- | 8 || Naaba Koundoumié || 1337 – 1358 || Aligawa nchi katika majimbo makubwa. Alianzisha majimbo ya Boussouma na Yako. || 7–8 |- | 9 || Naaba Kouda || 1358 – 1401 || Alipigana vita vingi. Aliwaweka wanawe kuongoza majimbo. || 8 |- | 10 || Naaba Dawingma || 1401 – 1409 || Frobenius anamwita Dangoegoma. Alikuwa mpiganaji hodari. Aliomba mdogo wake amrithi. || 8–9 |- | 11 || Naaba Zoétré Bousma || 1409 – 1441 || Mdogo wa Dawingma. Alipata kiti kwa matakwa ya kaka yake. || 9–10 |- | 12 || Naaba Niandfo || 1441 – 1511 || Alitawala muda mrefu. Kilima cha majivu cha Wagadugu kinaitwa kwa jina lake. || 10 |- | 13 || Naaba Nakim || 1511 – 1541 || — || — |- | 14 || Naaba Namégué || 1541 – 1542 || Alipigana na Waboussansi na Boussouma. Alifariki vitani. || 10 |- | 15 || Naaba Kilba || 1542 – 1561 || — || — |- | 16 || Naaba Kimba || 1561 – 1582 || Alitawala akiwa mzee sana. || 10 |- | 17 || Naaba Goalba || 1582 – 1599 || Frobenius anamwita Gobaga. Alikuwa mkali kwa wakuu wa ufalme. || 11 |- | 18 || Naaba Guirga || 1599 – 1605 || Frobenius anamwita Guiliga. Anaelezwa kama mmoja wa wafalme wakatili zaidi. || 11 |- | 19 || Naaba Zanna || 1605 – 1633 || Frobenius anamwita Sana. Ukame ulitokea wakati wake. Aliondolewa, kisha akarudishwa. || 10–11 |- | 20 || Naaba Oubi || 1633 – 1659 || Alifanya sherehe kubwa na kuwapa wakuu zawadi. || 11–12 |- | 21 || Naaba Motiba || 1659 – 1666 || Frobenius anamwita Ouatouba. Alipigana vita vidogo upande wa magharibi. Alifariki vitani. || 12 |- | 22 || Naaba Warga || 1666 – 1681 || Frobenius anamwita Ouaraga. Aliongoza mashambulizi kaskazini. Alianzisha mji wa La. || 12 |- | 23 || Naaba Zombré || 1681 – 1744 || Frobenius anamwita Doumbouri. Alitawala kwa amani. Alihamisha soko karibu na ikulu. || 12–13 |- | 24 || Naaba Koom I || 1744 – 1762 || Mama yake alikuwa Mwislamu. Alifuata mafundisho ya Uislamu. || 13–14 |- | 25 || Naaba Saagha I || 1762 – 1783 || Alipigana na ndugu wa baba yake. Aliondolewa na kukaa Sapone miaka mitatu. || 14 |- | 26 || Naaba Doulougou || 1783 – 1802 || Alipigana vita vingi, hasa dhidi ya Boussouma. Alikufa kwa mshale. || 14–15 |- | 27 || Naaba Sawadogo || 1802 – 1834 || Alikumbukwa kwa busara na ujuzi wa diplomasia. || 15 |- | 28 || Naaba Karfo || 1834 – 1842 || Alizima uasi wa [[Ouidi Naaba]]. || 15–16 |- | 29 || Naaba Baongho I || 1842 – 1850 || Frobenius anamwita Bongo. Alikuwa mkali. Aliwapeleleza raia wake. || 16 |- | 30 || Naaba Koutou || 1850 – 1871 || Aliharibu mji wa Sourroukou ulioasi. || 16–17 |- | 31 || Naaba Sanem || 1871 – 1889 || Wazungu wa kwanza, Krause na Binger, walifika Wagadugu. || 17 |- | 32 || Naaba Wobgho || 1889 – 1897 || Wakati wa kuwasili kwa Wafaransa, alikimbilia kusini. Alifariki uhamishoni. || 17 |- | 33 || Naaba Siguiri || 1897 – 1905 || Alishirikiana na Wafaransa. || 17 |- | 34 || Naaba Koom II || 1905 – 1942 || — || — |- | 35 || Naaba Saagha II || 1942 – 1957 || — || — |- | 36 || Naaba Kougri || 1957 – 1982 || Alijaribu kupindua serikali mwaka 1958.<ref name="monde" /> || — |- | 37 || Naaba Baongho II || Tangu 1982 || Mpatanishi katika migogoro ya kisiasa.<ref name="matin" /> || — |} == Uchaguzi == Mogho Naaba anapofariki, baraza huchagua mrithi kati ya wazao wake wa kiume. Kwa kawaida mrithi ni mwanawe mkubwa, ikiwa anastahili.<ref name="matin" /> == Mila za kifalme == Kila Ijumaa asubuhi, sherehe ya "kuondoka kwa uongo" hufanyika mbele ya ikulu. Mogho Naaba hutoka akiwa amevaa nguo nyekundu za vita. Yuko tayari kupanda farasi. Mawaziri humzuia. Kisha anarudi akiwa amevaa nguo nyeupe, rangi ya amani.<ref name="vox">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.voxkultur.com/2020/08/21/rituels-immemoriaux-le-faux-depart-du-mogho-naba/ |title=Rituels immémoriaux : Le faux départ du Mogho Naba |website=Vox Kultur |date=2020-08-21 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba huzungumza Kimoore tu. Huongea na wageni kupitia msemaji wake.<ref name="matin" /> Jina lake la kiraia haliruhusiwi kutajwa.<ref name="matin" /> Ikulu yake inaitwa Panghin. Iko katika mtaa wa Bilbalogho, Wagadugu.<ref name="matin" /> == Baraza la mawaziri == Mogho Naaba husaidiwa na baraza la mawaziri wa jadi. Kila waziri ana kazi maalum. Wengi wao pia ni machifu wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu.<ref name="cons">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.burkinafaso-cotedazur.fr/mogho-naba |title=Mogho Naba |website=Consulat du Burkina Faso de Nice |date=2014-11-28 |language=fr}}</ref> Mawaziri hao ni pamoja na: * [[Tansoba Naaba]], waziri wa vita; * [[Ouidi Naaba]], waziri wa wapanda farasi; * [[Goungha Naaba]], waziri wa askari wa miguu; * [[Baloum Naaba]], waziri wa huduma za ikulu; * [[Larlé Naaba]], waziri wa makaburi ya kifalme; * [[Kamsonghin Naaba]], waziri wa vijana; * [[Dapoya Naaba]], waziri wa usalama; * [[Poe Naaba]], waziri wa haki; * [[Samandin Naaba]], [[Neem Naaba]] na [[Balkuy Naaba]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mogho Naaba}} [[Jamii:Wafalme]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] q5ezg6pl65yoaocc1ty6pn7se39yi9i 0 257412 1615535 2026-11-08T04:43:54Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Tansoba Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vita | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Tãsobentẽnga (Saaba) | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Tansoba Naaba''' (kwa [[Kimoore]]: ''tãsoaba''; wingi: ''tãsob-n-dãmba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Cheo hiki pia huitwa Mouss-Tansoba au R...' 1615535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Tansoba Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vita | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Tãsobentẽnga (Saaba) | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Tansoba Naaba''' (kwa [[Kimoore]]: ''tãsoaba''; wingi: ''tãsob-n-dãmba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Cheo hiki pia huitwa Mouss-Tansoba au Rim-Tansoba. Tansoba ni kiongozi wa kijeshi. Kazi yake ni kulinda ufalme au uchifu. Katika ufalme wa Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]], Tansoba mkuu ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa [[Mogho Naaba]]. Yeye ni kamanda wa jeshi la jadi. == Asili ya jina == Neno ''tãsoaba'' linatokana na ''tãpo'', yaani "upinde", na ''soaba'', yaani "mwenye kitu". Kwa hiyo jina linamaanisha "mwenye upinde".<ref name="kab">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fastef.ucad.sn/liens/LIEN30/v1_liens30_article2.pdf |title=Les devises du Tãsoaba, une source d'inspiration pour la lutte contre l'extrémisme violent |author=Barthélemy Kaboré |website=Liens Nouvelle Série |date=2020 |language=fr}}</ref> Upinde ni ishara ya vita na ya ulinzi wa nchi.<ref name="kab" /> == Historia == Kuna mapokeo kadhaa kuhusu asili ya cheo hiki. Kwa mujibu wa Yamba Tiendrebéogo, Tansoba alikuwa mmoja wa machifu wa Ninissi. Machifu hao walitawala eneo la Wagadugu kabla ya Wamossi.<ref name="kab" /> Mapokeo mengine yanahusisha cheo hiki na [[Oubri]], mwanzilishi wa ufalme wa Wagadugu. Oubri aliwachukua wapiganaji wa Tãsobentẽnga katika jeshi lake. Mmoja wao alikuwa hodari wa kutumia upinde. Aliitwa ''Tãp-soaba''.<ref name="zou">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://revues.acaref.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2024/01/22-ZOUNGRANA-Moumouni.pdf |title=Devises et représentations sociales du Tãsoaba de Tãsobentẽnga |author=Moumouni Zoungrana, Sida-Léon Dakissaga |website=Revue DELLA/Afrique |date=2023 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Tansoba anaongoza wapiganaji. Anapanga ulinzi wa nchi dhidi ya mashambulizi. Pia analinda mfalme na ikulu. Wakati wa vita, anaongoza askari, hasa wapiga mishale.<ref name="kab" /> Tansoba mkuu ni mmoja wa viongozi wa baraza la Mogho Naaba. Anaitwa "bwana wa vita".<ref name="kab" /> Yeye pia hushiriki katika kumchagua Mogho Naaba mpya.<ref name="mcf">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/archive-files/daniel_miles_mcfarland_historical_dictionary_of_book4you.pdf |title=Historical Dictionary of Burkina Faso |author=Daniel Miles McFarland, Lawrence A. Rupley |publisher=Scarecrow Press |date=1998 |language=en |page=134}}</ref> == Tãsobentẽnga == Tãsobentẽnga ni makao ya jadi ya Tansoba mkuu. Kijiji hiki kiko karibu kilomita 25 mashariki mwa Wagadugu, katika wilaya ya Saaba.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=8347&page=impression |title=Chefferie coutumière : Mouss Tansoba fait allégeance au Mogho Naba |author=Étienne Nassa |website=LeFaso.net |date=2005-07-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba ndiye anayemsimika Tansoba. Tansoba ni chifu wa Tãsobentẽnga na bwana mkuu wa wapiga mishale.<ref name="zou" /> Kwa kawaida haendi Wagadugu, isipokuwa mfalme akimwita au wakati wa sherehe maalum.<ref name="lf" /> Alama zake ni upinde, mishale, mkuki na upanga. Tansoba mkuu huvaa kofia nyekundu.<ref name="zou" /> == Wenye cheo == Mouss Tansoba Liguidi alitawala kuanzia mwaka 1934 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1982. Kiti kilibaki wazi hadi tarehe 1 Mei 2001.<ref name="lf" /> Siku hiyo, mwanawe Guiguemdé alisimikwa. Yeye alikuwa Tansoba wa 12.<ref name="n14">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/ministere-de-la-defense-du-mogho-dim-tansoaba-guiguemde-prend/ |title=Ministère de la Défense du Moogho : Dim-Tansoaba Guiguemdé prend… |website=NetAfrique |date=2014-06-17 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki tarehe 31 Oktoba 2022.<ref name="n22">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/communique-necrologique-deces-de-son-excellence-le-rim-tansoba-mouss-tansoba/ |title=Communiqué nécrologique : Décès de son Excellence le Rim-Tansoba (Mouss Tansoba) |website=NetAfrique |date=2022-11-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 9 Julai 2024, Blaise Talato Yerbanga alisimikwa na Mogho Naaba Baongho. Yeye ni mwana mkubwa wa Guiguemdé. Alikuwa Rim-Tansoba wa 13.<ref name="inf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.infosculturedufaso.net/ouagadougou-le-13e-rim-tansoba-accede-au-trone-a-sabtenga/ |title=Ouagadougou : Le 13e Rim-Tansoba accède au trône à Sabtenga |author=Parfait Fabrice Sawadogo |website=Infos Culture du Faso |date=2024-07-10 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki tarehe 20 Oktoba 2024.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2024/10/21/communique-necrologique-deces-de-son-excellence-le-rim-tansoba-belempinkamouss-tansoba-chef-de-canton-de-sabtenga-grand-maitre-des-archers-et-ministre-de-guerre-du-mogho-naba-faire-part/ |title=Communiqué nécrologique : Décès de son Excellence le Rim-Tansoba Belempinka |website=Burkina24 |date=2024-10-21 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tansoba Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] rkllsw4s415nu9suewevomtd3dgmdb5 1615539 1615535 2026-11-08T05:04:40Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Tansoba Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vita | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Tãsobentẽnga (Saaba) | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Tansoba Naaba''' (kwa [[Kimoore]]: ''tãsoaba''; wingi: ''tãsob-n-dãmba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Cheo hiki pia huitwa Mouss-Tansoba au Rim-Tansoba. Tansoba ni kiongozi wa kijeshi. Kazi yake ni kulinda ufalme au uchifu. Katika ufalme wa Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]], Tansoba mkuu ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa [[Mogho Naaba]]. Yeye ni kamanda wa jeshi la jadi. == Asili ya jina == Neno ''tãsoaba'' linatokana na ''tãpo'', yaani "upinde", na ''soaba'', yaani "mwenye kitu". Kwa hiyo jina linamaanisha "mwenye upinde".<ref name="kab">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fastef.ucad.sn/liens/LIEN30/v1_liens30_article2.pdf |title=Les devises du Tãsoaba, une source d'inspiration pour la lutte contre l'extrémisme violent |author=Barthélemy Kaboré |website=Liens Nouvelle Série |date=2020 |language=fr}}</ref> Upinde ni ishara ya vita na ya ulinzi wa nchi.<ref name="kab" /> == Historia == Kuna mapokeo kadhaa kuhusu asili ya cheo hiki. Kwa mujibu wa Yamba Tiendrebéogo, Tansoba alikuwa mmoja wa machifu wa Wanyinisi. Machifu hao walitawala eneo la Wagadugu kabla ya Wamossi.<ref name="kab" /> Mapokeo mengine yanahusisha cheo hiki na [[Oubri]], mwanzilishi wa ufalme wa Wagadugu. Oubri aliwachukua wapiganaji wa Tãsobentẽnga katika jeshi lake. Mmoja wao alikuwa hodari wa kutumia upinde. Aliitwa ''Tãp-soaba''.<ref name="zou">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://revues.acaref.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2024/01/22-ZOUNGRANA-Moumouni.pdf |title=Devises et représentations sociales du Tãsoaba de Tãsobentẽnga |author=Moumouni Zoungrana, Sida-Léon Dakissaga |website=Revue DELLA/Afrique |date=2023 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Tansoba anaongoza wapiganaji. Anapanga ulinzi wa nchi dhidi ya mashambulizi. Pia analinda mfalme na ikulu. Wakati wa vita, anaongoza askari, hasa wapiga mishale.<ref name="kab" /> Tansoba mkuu ni mmoja wa viongozi wa baraza la Mogho Naaba. Anaitwa "bwana wa vita".<ref name="kab" /> Yeye pia hushiriki katika kumchagua Mogho Naaba mpya.<ref name="mcf">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/archive-files/daniel_miles_mcfarland_historical_dictionary_of_book4you.pdf |title=Historical Dictionary of Burkina Faso |author=Daniel Miles McFarland, Lawrence A. Rupley |publisher=Scarecrow Press |date=1998 |language=en |page=134}}</ref> == Tãsobentẽnga == Tãsobentẽnga ni makao ya jadi ya Tansoba mkuu. Kijiji hiki kiko karibu kilomita 25 mashariki mwa Wagadugu, katika wilaya ya Saaba.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=8347&page=impression |title=Chefferie coutumière : Mouss Tansoba fait allégeance au Mogho Naba |author=Étienne Nassa |website=LeFaso.net |date=2005-07-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba ndiye anayemsimika Tansoba. Tansoba ni chifu wa Tãsobentẽnga na bwana mkuu wa wapiga mishale.<ref name="zou" /> Kwa kawaida haendi Wagadugu, isipokuwa mfalme akimwita au wakati wa sherehe maalum.<ref name="lf" /> Alama zake ni upinde, mishale, mkuki na upanga. Tansoba mkuu huvaa kofia nyekundu.<ref name="zou" /> == Wenye cheo == Mouss Tansoba Liguidi alitawala kuanzia mwaka 1934 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1982. Kiti kilibaki wazi hadi tarehe 1 Mei 2001.<ref name="lf" /> Siku hiyo, mwanawe Guiguemdé alisimikwa. Yeye alikuwa Tansoba wa 12.<ref name="n14">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/ministere-de-la-defense-du-mogho-dim-tansoaba-guiguemde-prend/ |title=Ministère de la Défense du Moogho : Dim-Tansoaba Guiguemdé prend… |website=NetAfrique |date=2014-06-17 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki tarehe 31 Oktoba 2022.<ref name="n22">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/communique-necrologique-deces-de-son-excellence-le-rim-tansoba-mouss-tansoba/ |title=Communiqué nécrologique : Décès de son Excellence le Rim-Tansoba (Mouss Tansoba) |website=NetAfrique |date=2022-11-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 9 Julai 2024, Blaise Talato Yerbanga alisimikwa na Mogho Naaba Baongho. Yeye ni mwana mkubwa wa Guiguemdé. Alikuwa Rim-Tansoba wa 13.<ref name="inf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.infosculturedufaso.net/ouagadougou-le-13e-rim-tansoba-accede-au-trone-a-sabtenga/ |title=Ouagadougou : Le 13e Rim-Tansoba accède au trône à Sabtenga |author=Parfait Fabrice Sawadogo |website=Infos Culture du Faso |date=2024-07-10 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki tarehe 20 Oktoba 2024.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2024/10/21/communique-necrologique-deces-de-son-excellence-le-rim-tansoba-belempinkamouss-tansoba-chef-de-canton-de-sabtenga-grand-maitre-des-archers-et-ministre-de-guerre-du-mogho-naba-faire-part/ |title=Communiqué nécrologique : Décès de son Excellence le Rim-Tansoba Belempinka |website=Burkina24 |date=2024-10-21 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tansoba Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] oz68wc9rb8e15x9qow14sg9jn1o2ko0 1615596 1615539 2026-11-08T07:46:34Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Tansoba Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Der König der Mossi (Moro naba) umgeben von seinen Stammeshäuptlingen anlässlich des Neujahrsempfanges-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0863.tif|250px]] | caption = Mogho Naaba akiwa na machifu wake wakati wa sherehe ya Mwaka Mpya, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vita | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Tãsobentẽnga (Saaba) | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemsimika | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Tansoba Naaba''' (kwa [[Kimoore]]: ''tãsoaba''; wingi: ''tãsob-n-dãmba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Cheo hiki pia huitwa Mouss-Tansoba au Rim-Tansoba. Tansoba ni kiongozi wa kijeshi. Kazi yake ni kulinda ufalme au uchifu. Katika ufalme wa Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]], Tansoba mkuu ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa [[Mogho Naaba]]. Yeye ni kamanda wa jeshi la jadi. == Asili ya jina == Neno ''tãsoaba'' linatokana na ''tãpo'', yaani "upinde", na ''soaba'', yaani "mwenye kitu". Kwa hiyo jina linamaanisha "mwenye upinde".<ref name="kab">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fastef.ucad.sn/liens/LIEN30/v1_liens30_article2.pdf |title=Les devises du Tãsoaba, une source d'inspiration pour la lutte contre l'extrémisme violent |author=Barthélemy Kaboré |website=Liens Nouvelle Série |date=2020 |language=fr}}</ref> Upinde ni ishara ya vita na ya ulinzi wa nchi.<ref name="kab" /> == Historia == Kuna mapokeo kadhaa kuhusu asili ya cheo hiki. Kwa mujibu wa Yamba Tiendrebéogo, Tansoba alikuwa mmoja wa machifu wa Wanyinisi. Machifu hao walitawala eneo la Wagadugu kabla ya Wamossi.<ref name="kab" /> Mapokeo mengine yanahusisha cheo hiki na [[Oubri]], mwanzilishi wa ufalme wa Wagadugu. Oubri aliwachukua wapiganaji wa Tãsobentẽnga katika jeshi lake. Mmoja wao alikuwa hodari wa kutumia upinde. Aliitwa ''Tãp-soaba''.<ref name="zou">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://revues.acaref.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2024/01/22-ZOUNGRANA-Moumouni.pdf |title=Devises et représentations sociales du Tãsoaba de Tãsobentẽnga |author=Moumouni Zoungrana, Sida-Léon Dakissaga |website=Revue DELLA/Afrique |date=2023 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Tansoba anaongoza wapiganaji. Anapanga ulinzi wa nchi dhidi ya mashambulizi. Pia analinda mfalme na ikulu. Wakati wa vita, anaongoza askari, hasa wapiga mishale.<ref name="kab" /> Tansoba mkuu ni mmoja wa viongozi wa baraza la Mogho Naaba. Anaitwa "bwana wa vita".<ref name="kab" /> Yeye pia hushiriki katika kumchagua Mogho Naaba mpya.<ref name="mcf">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/archive-files/daniel_miles_mcfarland_historical_dictionary_of_book4you.pdf |title=Historical Dictionary of Burkina Faso |author=Daniel Miles McFarland, Lawrence A. Rupley |publisher=Scarecrow Press |date=1998 |language=en |page=134}}</ref> == Tãsobentẽnga == Tãsobentẽnga ni makao ya jadi ya Tansoba mkuu. Kijiji hiki kiko karibu kilomita 25 mashariki mwa Wagadugu, katika wilaya ya Saaba.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=8347&page=impression |title=Chefferie coutumière : Mouss Tansoba fait allégeance au Mogho Naba |author=Étienne Nassa |website=LeFaso.net |date=2005-07-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Mogho Naaba ndiye anayemsimika Tansoba. Tansoba ni chifu wa Tãsobentẽnga na bwana mkuu wa wapiga mishale.<ref name="zou" /> Kwa kawaida haendi Wagadugu, isipokuwa mfalme akimwita au wakati wa sherehe maalum.<ref name="lf" /> Alama zake ni upinde, mishale, mkuki na upanga. Tansoba mkuu huvaa kofia nyekundu.<ref name="zou" /> == Wenye cheo == Mouss Tansoba Liguidi alitawala kuanzia mwaka 1934 hadi kifo chake mwaka 1982. Kiti kilibaki wazi hadi tarehe 1 Mei 2001.<ref name="lf" /> Siku hiyo, mwanawe Guiguemdé alisimikwa. Yeye alikuwa Tansoba wa 12.<ref name="n14">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/ministere-de-la-defense-du-mogho-dim-tansoaba-guiguemde-prend/ |title=Ministère de la Défense du Moogho : Dim-Tansoaba Guiguemdé prend… |website=NetAfrique |date=2014-06-17 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki tarehe 31 Oktoba 2022.<ref name="n22">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/communique-necrologique-deces-de-son-excellence-le-rim-tansoba-mouss-tansoba/ |title=Communiqué nécrologique : Décès de son Excellence le Rim-Tansoba (Mouss Tansoba) |website=NetAfrique |date=2022-11-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 9 Julai 2024, Blaise Talato Yerbanga alisimikwa na Mogho Naaba Baongho. Yeye ni mwana mkubwa wa Guiguemdé. Alikuwa Rim-Tansoba wa 13.<ref name="inf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.infosculturedufaso.net/ouagadougou-le-13e-rim-tansoba-accede-au-trone-a-sabtenga/ |title=Ouagadougou : Le 13e Rim-Tansoba accède au trône à Sabtenga |author=Parfait Fabrice Sawadogo |website=Infos Culture du Faso |date=2024-07-10 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki tarehe 20 Oktoba 2024.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2024/10/21/communique-necrologique-deces-de-son-excellence-le-rim-tansoba-belempinkamouss-tansoba-chef-de-canton-de-sabtenga-grand-maitre-des-archers-et-ministre-de-guerre-du-mogho-naba-faire-part/ |title=Communiqué nécrologique : Décès de son Excellence le Rim-Tansoba Belempinka |website=Burkina24 |date=2024-10-21 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tansoba Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] iz6lcr6xes81n61jdqai0t5xa4uk8il 0 257413 1615560 2026-11-08T06:22:29Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Ouidi Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa wapanda farasi | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Ouidi, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Kiiba (tangu 2022) }} '''Ouidi Naaba''' (pia ''Ouidi Naba'' au ''Ouid-Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], m...' 1615560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Ouidi Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa wapanda farasi | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Ouidi, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Kiiba (tangu 2022) }} '''Ouidi Naaba''' (pia ''Ouidi Naba'' au ''Ouid-Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa ikulu. Kwa jadi, yeye ni mkuu wa wapanda farasi na waziri mkuu wa kimila. == Kazi == Ouidi Naaba humsaidia Mogho Naaba kutawala ufalme wa Wagadugu. Yamba Tiendrebeogo anamweleza kama waziri mkuu wa baraza la kifalme.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kihistoria, Ouidi Naaba ni mkuu wa wapanda farasi. Huongoza farasi wa mfalme wakati wa safari na sherehe.<ref name="gue">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/mots/762 |title=Un Français à la cour du Morho Naba |author=Olivia Guérin |website=Mots. Les langages du politique |date=2006 |language=fr}}</ref> Yeye pia ni kiongozi wa mtaa wa Ouidi, mtaa wa zamani wa Wagadugu.<ref name="cons">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.burkinafaso-cotedazur.fr/mogho-naba |title=Mogho Naba |website=Consulat du Burkina Faso de Nice |date=2014-11-28 |language=fr}}</ref> Ouidi Naaba huchukuliwa kuwa mkubwa wa mawaziri wa ikulu.<ref name="b24a">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2023/04/18/lutte-contre-le-terrorisme-le-moogho-naaba-baongo-apporte-7-millions-f-cfa-et-des-vivres-a-leffort-de-guerre/ |title=Lutte contre le terrorisme : le Moogho Naaba Baongo apporte 7 millions F CFA et des vivres à l'effort de guerre |author=Serge Pacôme Zongo |website=Burkina24 |date=2023-04-18 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa mikutano na sherehe, anaweza kutangaza maneno ya mfalme.<ref name="aib">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.aib.media/burkina-un-roi-offre-60-tonnes-de-cereales-et-du-materiel-a-des-deplaces/ |title=Burkina : un roi offre 60 tonnes de céréales et du matériel à des déplacés |website=Agence d'information du Burkina |date=2022-09-16 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="b24b">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2025/05/15/le-moogho-naaba-celebre-le-15-mai-en-mettant-laccent-sur-leducation-comme-pilier-de-la-societe/ |title=Le Moogho Naaba célèbre le 15-Mai en mettant l'accent sur l'éducation comme pilier de la société |author=Hamadou Ouedraogo |website=Burkina24 |date=2025-05-15 |language=fr}}</ref> == Historia == Kitabu cha Leo Frobenius kinamtaja Ouidi Naaba miongoni mwa wakuu wa ufalme tangu wakati wa mapema wa ufalme.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa Mogho Naaba Karfo (1834–1842), Ouidi Naaba mmoja alipanga njama dhidi ya mfalme pamoja na Sondere Naaba. Waasi walishindwa vitani. Ouidi Naaba alijisalimisha kwa mfalme. Baadaye, Karfo aliamuru auawe kwa siri.<ref name="fb15">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |pages=15–16 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Ouidi Naaba Karfo alishika cheo hiki kwa miaka 54. Alikuwa mkuu wa wapanda farasi na mkubwa wa mawaziri wa Mogho Naaba Baongo. Alifariki tarehe 27 Januari 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 86.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article110956 |title=Décès du Ouidi Naaba Karfo : sa nièce livre un émouvant témoignage |website=leFaso.net |date=2022-02-02 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 22 Machi 2022, Mogho Naaba Baongo alimteua Yamtaabangre Clément Évariste Rouamba kuwa mrithi wake. Anatawala Ouidi kwa jina la Naaba Kiiba.<ref name="obs">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lobservateur.bf/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=6404 |title=Nouveau Ouid-naaba : Évariste Rouamba devient Naaba Kiiba |website=L'Observateur Paalga |date=2022-03-22 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2026, bado alikuwa waziri wa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="lib">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://libreinfo.net/chefferie-coutumiere-au-burkina-les-rois-saluent-la-loi-sur-la-justice-traditionnelle/ |title=Chefferie coutumière au Burkina : les rois saluent la loi sur la justice traditionnelle |website=Libreinfo |date=2026-04-01 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ouidi Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] si34herafvojvdz0b6ijrc1of4aewof 1615597 1615560 2026-11-08T07:46:35Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Ouidi Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Ouagadougou, im Hofe des Moro Naba stehen buntgesattelte Pferde der Stammeshäuptlinge bereit-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0851.tif|250px]] | caption = Farasi waliopambwa katika ua wa Mogho Naaba, Wagadugu, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa wapanda farasi | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Mtaa wa Ouidi, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemteua | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Naaba Kiiba (tangu 2022) }} '''Ouidi Naaba''' (pia ''Ouidi Naba'' au ''Ouid-Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa ikulu. Kwa jadi, yeye ni mkuu wa wapanda farasi na waziri mkuu wa kimila. == Kazi == Ouidi Naaba humsaidia Mogho Naaba kutawala ufalme wa Wagadugu. Yamba Tiendrebeogo anamweleza kama waziri mkuu wa baraza la kifalme.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kihistoria, Ouidi Naaba ni mkuu wa wapanda farasi. Huongoza farasi wa mfalme wakati wa safari na sherehe.<ref name="gue">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/mots/762 |title=Un Français à la cour du Morho Naba |author=Olivia Guérin |website=Mots. Les langages du politique |date=2006 |language=fr}}</ref> Yeye pia ni kiongozi wa mtaa wa Ouidi, mtaa wa zamani wa Wagadugu.<ref name="cons">{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.burkinafaso-cotedazur.fr/mogho-naba |title=Mogho Naba |website=Consulat du Burkina Faso de Nice |date=2014-11-28 |language=fr}}</ref> Ouidi Naaba huchukuliwa kuwa mkubwa wa mawaziri wa ikulu.<ref name="b24a">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2023/04/18/lutte-contre-le-terrorisme-le-moogho-naaba-baongo-apporte-7-millions-f-cfa-et-des-vivres-a-leffort-de-guerre/ |title=Lutte contre le terrorisme : le Moogho Naaba Baongo apporte 7 millions F CFA et des vivres à l'effort de guerre |author=Serge Pacôme Zongo |website=Burkina24 |date=2023-04-18 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa mikutano na sherehe, anaweza kutangaza maneno ya mfalme.<ref name="aib">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.aib.media/burkina-un-roi-offre-60-tonnes-de-cereales-et-du-materiel-a-des-deplaces/ |title=Burkina : un roi offre 60 tonnes de céréales et du matériel à des déplacés |website=Agence d'information du Burkina |date=2022-09-16 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="b24b">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2025/05/15/le-moogho-naaba-celebre-le-15-mai-en-mettant-laccent-sur-leducation-comme-pilier-de-la-societe/ |title=Le Moogho Naaba célèbre le 15-Mai en mettant l'accent sur l'éducation comme pilier de la société |author=Hamadou Ouedraogo |website=Burkina24 |date=2025-05-15 |language=fr}}</ref> == Historia == Kitabu cha Leo Frobenius kinamtaja Ouidi Naaba miongoni mwa wakuu wa ufalme tangu wakati wa mapema wa ufalme.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa Mogho Naaba Karfo (1834–1842), Ouidi Naaba mmoja alipanga njama dhidi ya mfalme pamoja na Sondere Naaba. Waasi walishindwa vitani. Ouidi Naaba alijisalimisha kwa mfalme. Baadaye, Karfo aliamuru auawe kwa siri.<ref name="fb15">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |pages=15–16 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Ouidi Naaba Karfo alishika cheo hiki kwa miaka 54. Alikuwa mkuu wa wapanda farasi na mkubwa wa mawaziri wa Mogho Naaba Baongo. Alifariki tarehe 27 Januari 2022, akiwa na umri wa miaka 86.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article110956 |title=Décès du Ouidi Naaba Karfo : sa nièce livre un émouvant témoignage |website=leFaso.net |date=2022-02-02 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 22 Machi 2022, Mogho Naaba Baongo alimteua Yamtaabangre Clément Évariste Rouamba kuwa mrithi wake. Anatawala Ouidi kwa jina la Naaba Kiiba.<ref name="obs">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lobservateur.bf/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=6404 |title=Nouveau Ouid-naaba : Évariste Rouamba devient Naaba Kiiba |website=L'Observateur Paalga |date=2022-03-22 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2026, bado alikuwa waziri wa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="lib">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://libreinfo.net/chefferie-coutumiere-au-burkina-les-rois-saluent-la-loi-sur-la-justice-traditionnelle/ |title=Chefferie coutumière au Burkina : les rois saluent la loi sur la justice traditionnelle |website=Libreinfo |date=2026-04-01 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ouidi Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] d645ilt50lokevso6jdo2ph1xf5s8ki 0 257414 1615565 2026-11-08T06:34:49Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Goungha Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa askari wa miguu | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Gounghin, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Sanem (tangu 2022) }} '''Goungha Naaba''' (pia ''Gounga Naba'', ''Gunga Naba'' au ''Gounghin Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika...' 1615565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Goungha Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa askari wa miguu | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Gounghin, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Sanem (tangu 2022) }} '''Goungha Naaba''' (pia ''Gounga Naba'', ''Gunga Naba'' au ''Gounghin Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa ikulu. Kwa jadi, Goungha Naaba ni mkuu wa askari wa miguu. Humsaidia [[Tansoba Naaba]], mkuu wa vita. Pia ni chifu wa mtaa wa Gounghin, Wagadugu. == Nafasi katika baraza == Goungha Naaba ni mmoja wa mawaziri wakuu wa Mogho Naaba. Wengine ni [[Ouidi Naaba]], [[Larlé Naaba]] na [[Baloum Naaba]].<ref name="uni">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/royaume-de-ouagadougou/ |title=Royaume de Ouagadougou |author=Alfred Fierro |website=Encyclopædia Universalis |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo yaliyoandikwa na Yoporeka Somet, Goungha Naaba wa kwanza alikuwa mwenzake [[Oubri]]. Mwanzoni alikuwa waziri wa kwanza. Baadaye aliwaachia nafasi hiyo Ouidi Naaba na Larlé Naaba. Kwa hiyo yeye ni waziri wa tatu.<ref name="som">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://our-global-u.org/oguorg/en/download/Featured%20Authors/yoporeka_somet/Yoporeka-SOMET_Le-Morho-Naba-et-sa-Cour.pdf |title=Le Morho-Naba et sa Cour : un commentaire du texte de Dim Delobsom à la lumière de l'égyptologie |author=Yoporeka Somet |website=ANKH |date=2013 |language=fr}}</ref> Mapokeo haya yanaweza kutofautiana. == Kazi == Goungha Naaba ni mkuu wa askari wa miguu wa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="ski">{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Mossi of the Upper Volta: The Political Development of a Sudanese People |author=Elliott P. Skinner |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1964 |language=en}}</ref> Humsaidia Tansoba vitani. Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, hapaswi kurudi nyuma ikiwa Tansoba atauawa vitani.<ref name="som" /> Kwa mujibu wa Leo Frobenius, Goungha Naaba alikuwa mlinzi wa vitu vitakatifu vya ufalme wakati wa Naaba Nasbiré.<ref name="fb5">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=5 |language=fr}}</ref> Goungha Naaba aliweza kuongoza askari wa mfalme. Pia aliweza kutumwa mikoani kutekeleza amri za Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kabla ya ukoloni wa Kifaransa, Goungha Naaba mmoja alitumwa kumkamata chifu wa Konkistenga na kumleta Wagadugu.<ref name="koh">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_7/carton04/11948.pdf |title=Notes historiques et ethnographiques sur quelques commandements régionaux de l'Ouest Mossi |author=Jean-Marie Kohler |publisher=ORSTOM |year=1967 |page=26 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa ukoloni, Goungha Naaba aliendelea kuwa na ushawishi. Mwaka 1934, alikuwa mpatanishi kati ya ikulu, familia za Wamossi, wamisionari wa Kikatoliki na serikali ya kikoloni.<ref name="zub">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://oap.unige.ch/journals/rhca/article/download/2345/2257/13774 |title=« Fais ce que tu veux ! » : des filles et familles face à des nouvelles priorités éducatives dans un contexte de crise, Ouagadougou, 1934 |author=Thomas Zuber |website=Revue d'histoire contemporaine de l'Afrique |date=2025 |language=fr}}</ref> == Mtaa wa Gounghin == Cheo hiki kinahusishwa na mtaa wa Gounghin, mmoja wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu. Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, jina Gounga linatokana na ''goumsé'', yaani miti ya msufi iliyokuwa mahali pa makazi yake.<ref name="som" /> Mtaa wa Gounghin ulipimwa na kugawanywa viwanja mwaka 1956.<ref name="mey">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/50187 |title=De Bancoville à la ville moderne |author=Pierre-Erwann Meyer |website=IRD Éditions |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Goungha Naaba Tanga alifariki usiku wa tarehe 8 hadi 9 Mei 2022.<ref name="obs">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lobservateur.bf/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=6504 |title=Décès Goungha Naaba : journée d'hommage à un grand homme |website=L'Observateur Paalga |date=2022-05-12 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 5 Julai 2022, Lin Désiré Tapsoba alisimikwa katika ikulu ya Mogho Naaba kwa jina la Naaba Sanem. Yeye ni Gounghin Naaba wa 36. Alipewa cheo cha naibu mkuu wa majeshi.<ref name="sid1">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/palais-du-mogho-naaba-baongo-le-vice-chef-des-armees-intronise/ |title=Palais du Mogho Naaba Baongo : le vice-chef des armées intronisé |author=Donald Wendpouiré Nikiema |website=Sidwaya |date=2022-07-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Baadaye alimtembelea Tansoba, anayechukuliwa kuwa kaka yake mkubwa katika ngazi za kijeshi za jadi.<ref name="sid2">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/saaba-le-goungha-naaba-sanem-rend-visite-au-dim-tansoaba/ |title=Saaba : le Goungha Naaba Sanem rend visite au Dim Tansoaba |website=Sidwaya |date=2022-07-17 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Goungha Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] ilecm3tc965orainmadxq18dawqd45a 1615598 1615565 2026-11-08T07:46:36Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Goungha Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ASC Leiden - F. van der Kraaij Collection - 03 - 061 - Une route non goudronnée dans le quartier Gounghin Sud - Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 1981.tif|250px]] | caption = Barabara katika mtaa wa Gounghin Kusini, Wagadugu, 1981 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa askari wa miguu | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Mtaa wa Gounghin, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemteua | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Naaba Sanem (tangu 2022) }} '''Goungha Naaba''' (pia ''Gounga Naba'', ''Gunga Naba'' au ''Gounghin Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa ikulu. Kwa jadi, Goungha Naaba ni mkuu wa askari wa miguu. Humsaidia [[Tansoba Naaba]], mkuu wa vita. Pia ni chifu wa mtaa wa Gounghin, Wagadugu. == Nafasi katika baraza == Goungha Naaba ni mmoja wa mawaziri wakuu wa Mogho Naaba. Wengine ni [[Ouidi Naaba]], [[Larlé Naaba]] na [[Baloum Naaba]].<ref name="uni">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/royaume-de-ouagadougou/ |title=Royaume de Ouagadougou |author=Alfred Fierro |website=Encyclopædia Universalis |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo yaliyoandikwa na Yoporeka Somet, Goungha Naaba wa kwanza alikuwa mwenzake [[Oubri]]. Mwanzoni alikuwa waziri wa kwanza. Baadaye aliwaachia nafasi hiyo Ouidi Naaba na Larlé Naaba. Kwa hiyo yeye ni waziri wa tatu.<ref name="som">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://our-global-u.org/oguorg/en/download/Featured%20Authors/yoporeka_somet/Yoporeka-SOMET_Le-Morho-Naba-et-sa-Cour.pdf |title=Le Morho-Naba et sa Cour : un commentaire du texte de Dim Delobsom à la lumière de l'égyptologie |author=Yoporeka Somet |website=ANKH |date=2013 |language=fr}}</ref> Mapokeo haya yanaweza kutofautiana. == Kazi == Goungha Naaba ni mkuu wa askari wa miguu wa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="ski">{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Mossi of the Upper Volta: The Political Development of a Sudanese People |author=Elliott P. Skinner |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1964 |language=en}}</ref> Humsaidia Tansoba vitani. Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, hapaswi kurudi nyuma ikiwa Tansoba atauawa vitani.<ref name="som" /> Kwa mujibu wa Leo Frobenius, Goungha Naaba alikuwa mlinzi wa vitu vitakatifu vya ufalme wakati wa Naaba Nasbiré.<ref name="fb5">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=5 |language=fr}}</ref> Goungha Naaba aliweza kuongoza askari wa mfalme. Pia aliweza kutumwa mikoani kutekeleza amri za Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Kabla ya ukoloni wa Kifaransa, Goungha Naaba mmoja alitumwa kumkamata chifu wa Konkistenga na kumleta Wagadugu.<ref name="koh">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_7/carton04/11948.pdf |title=Notes historiques et ethnographiques sur quelques commandements régionaux de l'Ouest Mossi |author=Jean-Marie Kohler |publisher=ORSTOM |year=1967 |page=26 |language=fr}}</ref> Wakati wa ukoloni, Goungha Naaba aliendelea kuwa na ushawishi. Mwaka 1934, alikuwa mpatanishi kati ya ikulu, familia za Wamossi, wamisionari wa Kikatoliki na serikali ya kikoloni.<ref name="zub">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://oap.unige.ch/journals/rhca/article/download/2345/2257/13774 |title=« Fais ce que tu veux ! » : des filles et familles face à des nouvelles priorités éducatives dans un contexte de crise, Ouagadougou, 1934 |author=Thomas Zuber |website=Revue d'histoire contemporaine de l'Afrique |date=2025 |language=fr}}</ref> == Mtaa wa Gounghin == Cheo hiki kinahusishwa na mtaa wa Gounghin, mmoja wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu. Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, jina Gounga linatokana na ''goumsé'', yaani miti ya msufi iliyokuwa mahali pa makazi yake.<ref name="som" /> Mtaa wa Gounghin ulipimwa na kugawanywa viwanja mwaka 1956.<ref name="mey">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/50187 |title=De Bancoville à la ville moderne |author=Pierre-Erwann Meyer |website=IRD Éditions |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Goungha Naaba Tanga alifariki usiku wa tarehe 8 hadi 9 Mei 2022.<ref name="obs">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.lobservateur.bf/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=6504 |title=Décès Goungha Naaba : journée d'hommage à un grand homme |website=L'Observateur Paalga |date=2022-05-12 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 5 Julai 2022, Lin Désiré Tapsoba alisimikwa katika ikulu ya Mogho Naaba kwa jina la Naaba Sanem. Yeye ni Gounghin Naaba wa 36. Alipewa cheo cha naibu mkuu wa majeshi.<ref name="sid1">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/palais-du-mogho-naaba-baongo-le-vice-chef-des-armees-intronise/ |title=Palais du Mogho Naaba Baongo : le vice-chef des armées intronisé |author=Donald Wendpouiré Nikiema |website=Sidwaya |date=2022-07-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Baadaye alimtembelea Tansoba, anayechukuliwa kuwa kaka yake mkubwa katika ngazi za kijeshi za jadi.<ref name="sid2">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/saaba-le-goungha-naaba-sanem-rend-visite-au-dim-tansoaba/ |title=Saaba : le Goungha Naaba Sanem rend visite au Dim Tansoaba |website=Sidwaya |date=2022-07-17 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Goungha Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] q1jkx0mku9r9ttba4fk059ojbgl35a7 0 257415 1615574 2026-11-08T06:45:08Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Walter Robert Szczerbiak Jr.''' (alizaliwa [[5 Machi]] [[1977]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa kikapu wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 10 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Minnesota Timberwolves, Boston Celtics, Seattle SuperSonics, na Cleveland Cavaliers. Alishiriki katika All-Star Game mwaka 2002 .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-05 |title=On this day: former Celtics Wally Szczerbiak, Tom Kelly born |url=https://celticswir...' 1615574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Robert Szczerbiak Jr.''' (alizaliwa [[5 Machi]] [[1977]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa kikapu wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 10 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Minnesota Timberwolves, Boston Celtics, Seattle SuperSonics, na Cleveland Cavaliers. Alishiriki katika All-Star Game mwaka 2002 .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-05 |title=On this day: former Celtics Wally Szczerbiak, Tom Kelly born |url=https://celticswire.usatoday.com/lists/on-this-day-former-celtics-wally-szczerbiak-tom-kelly-born/ |access-date=2022-06-07 |website=Celtics Wire |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ref">{{Cite web|title=Wally Szczerbiak Stats|url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/s/szczewa02.html|access-date=2020-11-08|website=Basketball-Reference.com|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Szczerbiak alizaliwa [[Madrid]], [[Uhispania]] na alikulia Long Island, [[New York]]. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Miami ([[Ohio]]), ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu na alitajwa kuwa mchezaji bora wa mwaka 1999. Alichaguliwa na Minnesota Timberwolves katika nafasi ya sita ya jumla katika draft ya 1999. Akiwa na Timberwolves, alikua mmoja wa wafungaji bora wa timu na alishiriki katika All-Star Game mwaka 2002. Alihamishwa kwenda Boston Celtics mwaka 2006 na baadaye Seattle SuperSonics na Cleveland Cavaliers. Alistaafu mwaka 2009 .<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wcpo.com/sports/sports-from-the-vault/sports-from-the-vault-the-year-the-miami-redhawks-turned-the-ncaa-tourney-into-wallys-world|title=Sports Vault: When the tourney was Wally's world|date=March 7, 2017|website=WCPO 9 Cincinnati}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7jjy7dusat4ct8smtb07a0kp3a3fys5 1615661 1615574 2026-11-08T10:34:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1615661 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Robert Szczerbiak Jr.''' (alizaliwa [[5 Machi]] [[1977]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa kikapu wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 10 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Minnesota Timberwolves, Boston Celtics, Seattle SuperSonics, na Cleveland Cavaliers. Alishiriki katika All-Star Game mwaka 2002 .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-03-05 |title=On this day: former Celtics Wally Szczerbiak, Tom Kelly born |url=https://celticswire.usatoday.com/lists/on-this-day-former-celtics-wally-szczerbiak-tom-kelly-born/ |access-date=2022-06-07 |website=Celtics Wire |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ref">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wally Szczerbiak Stats|url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/s/szczewa02.html|access-date=2020-11-08|website=Basketball-Reference.com|language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Szczerbiak alizaliwa [[Madrid]], [[Uhispania]] na alikulia Long Island, [[New York]]. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Miami ([[Ohio]]), ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu na alitajwa kuwa mchezaji bora wa mwaka 1999. Alichaguliwa na Minnesota Timberwolves katika nafasi ya sita ya jumla katika draft ya 1999. Akiwa na Timberwolves, alikua mmoja wa wafungaji bora wa timu na alishiriki katika All-Star Game mwaka 2002. Alihamishwa kwenda Boston Celtics mwaka 2006 na baadaye Seattle SuperSonics na Cleveland Cavaliers. Alistaafu mwaka 2009 .<ref name="auto">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.wcpo.com/sports/sports-from-the-vault/sports-from-the-vault-the-year-the-miami-redhawks-turned-the-ncaa-tourney-into-wallys-world|title=Sports Vault: When the tourney was Wally's world|date=March 7, 2017|website=WCPO 9 Cincinnati}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bzhk1739dsbdblymcc6xh3hhydmez7a 0 257416 1615577 2026-11-08T06:47:45Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Dapoya Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa usalama | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Dapoya, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Dapoya Naaba''' (pia ''Dapoya Naba'' au ''Daporé Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Katika ufalme wa [[Wagadugu]], mwenye cheo hiki ni kio...' 1615577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Dapoya Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa usalama | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Dapoya, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Dapoya Naaba''' (pia ''Dapoya Naba'' au ''Daporé Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Katika ufalme wa [[Wagadugu]], mwenye cheo hiki ni kiongozi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]]. Kwa jadi, anahusika na usalama, kazi za polisi na utawala wa mtaa wa Dapoya, Wagadugu. == Historia == Cheo cha Dapoya Naaba kinahusiana na mateka wa zamani na watumwa walioachiliwa huru. Waliitwa ''dapoya'' au ''dapor-damba''. Walikuwa sehemu ya jamii ya Wamossi. Waliunda vikosi vya kuaminika vya mfalme. Huko Wagadugu, baadhi yao waliunda jeshi binafsi la Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Watu hawa pia walisaidia katika utawala wa ikulu na kudumisha nidhamu. Walitekeleza baadhi ya maamuzi ya mfalme. Makazi yao yalitoa jina kwa mtaa wa Dapoya na kwa chifu wake.<ref name="tie" /> Viongozi wenye vyeo vya Daporé Naaba au Dapoya Naaba wanapatikana pia katika uchifu mwingine wa Wamossi. Huko walikuwa wakuu wa mateka, wawakilishi wa mfalme na wasimamizi wa baadhi ya sadaka.<ref name="koh">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers12-05/11948.pdf |title=Activités agricoles et transformations socio-économiques dans l'Ouest mossi |author=Jean-Marie Kohler |publisher=ORSTOM |year=1967 |pages=31–33 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Dapoya Naaba kwa kawaida ni mkuu wa usalama wa Mogho Naaba. Alifanya kazi pamoja na [[Poe Naaba]], waziri wa haki. Aliweza kufanya uchunguzi na kusikiliza familia za watuhumiwa. Pia alipanga utekelezaji wa hukumu za mfalme.<ref name="fia">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://www.fiacat.org/images/pdf/Publication-Burkina-BD.pdf |title=Peine de mort au Burkina : sensibiliser pour l'abolition |publisher=FIACAT, ACAT Burkina |year=2017 |page=7 |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa Dapoya Naaba mwenyewe mwaka 2017, hukumu za kifo zilitekelezwa na mateka waliokuwa chini yake. Kwa hiyo kazi yake ilifanana na ya polisi. Hata hivyo, alikuwa chini ya mamlaka ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="fia" /> Dapoya Naaba pia ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Dapoya. Anaongoza watu wake, anasuluhisha migogoro na anawakilisha mtaa huo katika ikulu.<ref name="fia" /> == Mtaa wa Dapoya == Dapoya ni mmoja wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu. Kihistoria, unahusishwa na watumwa walioachiliwa huru na watumishi wa kuaminika wa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie" /> Wakati wa ukoloni, kijiji cha zamani kilihamishwa na kujengwa upya kaskazini-mashariki mwa mji, kwa jina la Dapoya II.<ref name="mey">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/50187 |title=De Bancoville à la ville moderne |author=Pierre-Erwann Meyer |website=IRD Éditions |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref> Baada ya kusimikwa ikulu, Dapoya Naaba mpya hurudi kwenye makazi yake katika mtaa wa Dapoya.<ref name="mey" /> == Leo == Cheo hiki bado kipo katika uchifu wa jadi wa Wagadugu. Dapoya Naaba huchaguliwa kwa mujibu wa sheria za urithi za mtaa. Kisha anatambuliwa na kusimikwa na Mogho Naaba. Tarehe 5 Julai 2022, Dapoya Naaba na Gounghin Naaba walisimikwa pamoja katika ikulu.<ref name="sid1">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/palais-du-mogho-naaba-baongo-le-vice-chef-des-armees-intronise/ |title=Palais du Mogho Naaba Baongo : le vice-chef des armées intronisé |author=Donald Wendpouiré Nikiema |website=Sidwaya |date=2022-07-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo, Dapoya Naaba hushiriki katika upatanishi na kuhimiza amani katika jamii. Anaweza pia kumwakilisha Mogho Naaba katika mikutano kuhusu amani.<ref name="sid2">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/promotion-endogene-de-la-paix-le-gouvernement-echange-avec-des-autorites-morales/ |title=Promotion endogène de la paix : le gouvernement échange avec des autorités morales |author=Rémi Zoeringre |website=Sidwaya |date=2023-06-15 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dapoya Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 6wzad9vc3etgjhl8p05lyfhyww5idaa 1615599 1615577 2026-11-08T07:46:37Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Dapoya Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Der König der Mossi (Moro naba) umgeben von seinen Stammeshäuptlingen anlässlich des Neujahrsempfanges-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0865.tif|250px]] | caption = Mogho Naaba akiwa na machifu wake wakati wa sherehe ya Mwaka Mpya, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa usalama | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Mtaa wa Dapoya, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemsimika | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Dapoya Naaba''' (pia ''Dapoya Naba'' au ''Daporé Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha [[Wamossi]] wa [[Burkina Faso]]. Katika ufalme wa [[Wagadugu]], mwenye cheo hiki ni kiongozi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]]. Kwa jadi, anahusika na usalama, kazi za polisi na utawala wa mtaa wa Dapoya, Wagadugu. == Historia == Cheo cha Dapoya Naaba kinahusiana na mateka wa zamani na watumwa walioachiliwa huru. Waliitwa ''dapoya'' au ''dapor-damba''. Walikuwa sehemu ya jamii ya Wamossi. Waliunda vikosi vya kuaminika vya mfalme. Huko Wagadugu, baadhi yao waliunda jeshi binafsi la Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Watu hawa pia walisaidia katika utawala wa ikulu na kudumisha nidhamu. Walitekeleza baadhi ya maamuzi ya mfalme. Makazi yao yalitoa jina kwa mtaa wa Dapoya na kwa chifu wake.<ref name="tie" /> Viongozi wenye vyeo vya Daporé Naaba au Dapoya Naaba wanapatikana pia katika uchifu mwingine wa Wamossi. Huko walikuwa wakuu wa mateka, wawakilishi wa mfalme na wasimamizi wa baadhi ya sadaka.<ref name="koh">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers12-05/11948.pdf |title=Activités agricoles et transformations socio-économiques dans l'Ouest mossi |author=Jean-Marie Kohler |publisher=ORSTOM |year=1967 |pages=31–33 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Dapoya Naaba kwa kawaida ni mkuu wa usalama wa Mogho Naaba. Alifanya kazi pamoja na [[Poe Naaba]], waziri wa haki. Aliweza kufanya uchunguzi na kusikiliza familia za watuhumiwa. Pia alipanga utekelezaji wa hukumu za mfalme.<ref name="fia">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://www.fiacat.org/images/pdf/Publication-Burkina-BD.pdf |title=Peine de mort au Burkina : sensibiliser pour l'abolition |publisher=FIACAT, ACAT Burkina |year=2017 |page=7 |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa mujibu wa Dapoya Naaba mwenyewe mwaka 2017, hukumu za kifo zilitekelezwa na mateka waliokuwa chini yake. Kwa hiyo kazi yake ilifanana na ya polisi. Hata hivyo, alikuwa chini ya mamlaka ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="fia" /> Dapoya Naaba pia ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Dapoya. Anaongoza watu wake, anasuluhisha migogoro na anawakilisha mtaa huo katika ikulu.<ref name="fia" /> == Mtaa wa Dapoya == Dapoya ni mmoja wa mitaa ya zamani ya Wagadugu. Kihistoria, unahusishwa na watumwa walioachiliwa huru na watumishi wa kuaminika wa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie" /> Wakati wa ukoloni, kijiji cha zamani kilihamishwa na kujengwa upya kaskazini-mashariki mwa mji, kwa jina la Dapoya II.<ref name="mey">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/50187 |title=De Bancoville à la ville moderne |author=Pierre-Erwann Meyer |website=IRD Éditions |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref> Baada ya kusimikwa ikulu, Dapoya Naaba mpya hurudi kwenye makazi yake katika mtaa wa Dapoya.<ref name="mey" /> == Leo == Cheo hiki bado kipo katika uchifu wa jadi wa Wagadugu. Dapoya Naaba huchaguliwa kwa mujibu wa sheria za urithi za mtaa. Kisha anatambuliwa na kusimikwa na Mogho Naaba. Tarehe 5 Julai 2022, Dapoya Naaba na Gounghin Naaba walisimikwa pamoja katika ikulu.<ref name="sid1">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/palais-du-mogho-naaba-baongo-le-vice-chef-des-armees-intronise/ |title=Palais du Mogho Naaba Baongo : le vice-chef des armées intronisé |author=Donald Wendpouiré Nikiema |website=Sidwaya |date=2022-07-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo, Dapoya Naaba hushiriki katika upatanishi na kuhimiza amani katika jamii. Anaweza pia kumwakilisha Mogho Naaba katika mikutano kuhusu amani.<ref name="sid2">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/promotion-endogene-de-la-paix-le-gouvernement-echange-avec-des-autorites-morales/ |title=Promotion endogène de la paix : le gouvernement échange avec des autorités morales |author=Rémi Zoeringre |website=Sidwaya |date=2023-06-15 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dapoya Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 5lpn7f3j0pqohsqd3m3gkq92pv1vv80 0 257417 1615578 2026-11-08T06:50:48Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Baloum Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa huduma za ikulu | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Nchi | data3 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label4 = Anayemteua | data4 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Baloum Naaba''' (pia ''Baloum Naba'') ni cheo cha kiongozi mkuu katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa jadi, anasimamia huduma za ikul...' 1615578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Baloum Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa huduma za ikulu | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Nchi | data3 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label4 = Anayemteua | data4 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Baloum Naaba''' (pia ''Baloum Naba'') ni cheo cha kiongozi mkuu katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa jadi, anasimamia huduma za ikulu, utawala wa ndani wa ikulu, usalama wa ndani na itifaki. Pia ni mpatanishi kati ya mfalme, viongozi wengine na watu wa ikulu. Kwa Kifaransa, cheo hiki wakati mwingine hulinganishwa na waziri au msimamizi mkuu wa ikulu. Hata hivyo, maneno hayo hayaelezi kazi zake zote. == Kazi == Vyeo vya baraza la Mogho Naaba vinaonyesha nafasi, kazi na mahali pa kila kiongozi katika sherehe. Tafsiri za Kifaransa za vyeo hivi si sahihi kabisa. Kazi hizi zinachanganya serikali, mila na mahusiano.<ref name="gue">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/mots/762 |title=Un Français à la cour du Morho Naba |author=Olivia Guérin |website=Mots. Les langages du politique |date=2006-11-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Baloum Naaba anaongoza utawala wa ndani wa ikulu. Anahusika na huduma, usalama wa ndani na itifaki. Pia ana mamlaka juu ya watu walio chini ya ikulu moja kwa moja.<ref name="baz">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://oap.unige.ch/journals/rhca/article/view/1584 |title=Le chemin de fer du Mossi : enjeux politiques et territoriaux d'une infrastructure coloniale en Haute-Volta (1919-1954) |author=Boubié Bazié |website=Revue d'histoire contemporaine de l'Afrique |date=2024 |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa hiyo Baloum Naaba hushiriki katika mikutano na mfalme na katika kupeleka maamuzi yake. Pia humwakilisha mfalme. Kazi yake ni zaidi ya kusimamia mali ya ikulu.<ref name="beu">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/chrhc/4614 |title=Trajectoires impériales croisées : l'historicité d'un État africain hybride |author=Benoît Beucher |website=Cahiers d'histoire. Revue d'histoire critique |date=2015 |language=fr}}</ref> == Mapokeo ya ukoo == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo yaliyokusanywa na Yamba Tiendrébéogo, Baloum Naaba wanatoka kwa mwana wa kwanza wa Naaba Ouedraogo. Mwana huyo aliacha uchifu ili ajitolee kwa ngoma. Ukoo huu unahusishwa na kinyago cha familia na ngoma inayochezwa wakati wa sherehe ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo Frobenius anamtaja Baloum Naaba miongoni mwa wakuu walioitwa na Naaba Soarba, mrithi wa Oubri.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wakati wa ukoloni == Ukoloni wa Kifaransa haukufuta baraza la Mogho Naaba. Serikali ya kikoloni ilitumia baadhi ya viongozi wake kupeleka maamuzi na kuwakilisha watu. Viongozi hao waliingia katika mabaraza ya ushauri ya Afrika Magharibi ya Kifaransa.<ref name="beu" /> Baloum Naaba Tanga Ouédraogo alishika cheo hiki kuanzia 1910 hadi 1950. Alikuwa mjumbe wa mabaraza ya ushauri ya kikoloni. Aliwakilisha ikulu mbele ya serikali ya Kifaransa.<ref name="beu" /> Mwaka 1945, Tanga Ouédraogo aligombea uchaguzi wa Bunge la Katiba la kwanza la Ufaransa. Aliungwa mkono na uchifu wa Wagadugu. Alishindwa kwa tofauti ndogo na [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]].<ref name="baz" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Baloum Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] k2c4jbiem77cdjradbefeiokhfs9jhb 1615600 1615578 2026-11-08T07:46:39Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Baloum Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Der König der Mossi (Moro naba) umgeben von seinen Stammeshäuptlingen anlässlich des Neujahrsempfanges-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0868.tif|250px]] | caption = Mogho Naaba akiwa na machifu wake wakati wa sherehe ya Mwaka Mpya, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa huduma za ikulu | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] }} '''Baloum Naaba''' (pia ''Baloum Naba'') ni cheo cha kiongozi mkuu katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kwa jadi, anasimamia huduma za ikulu, utawala wa ndani wa ikulu, usalama wa ndani na itifaki. Pia ni mpatanishi kati ya mfalme, viongozi wengine na watu wa ikulu. Kwa Kifaransa, cheo hiki wakati mwingine hulinganishwa na waziri au msimamizi mkuu wa ikulu. Hata hivyo, maneno hayo hayaelezi kazi zake zote. == Kazi == Vyeo vya baraza la Mogho Naaba vinaonyesha nafasi, kazi na mahali pa kila kiongozi katika sherehe. Tafsiri za Kifaransa za vyeo hivi si sahihi kabisa. Kazi hizi zinachanganya serikali, mila na mahusiano.<ref name="gue">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/mots/762 |title=Un Français à la cour du Morho Naba |author=Olivia Guérin |website=Mots. Les langages du politique |date=2006-11-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Baloum Naaba anaongoza utawala wa ndani wa ikulu. Anahusika na huduma, usalama wa ndani na itifaki. Pia ana mamlaka juu ya watu walio chini ya ikulu moja kwa moja.<ref name="baz">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://oap.unige.ch/journals/rhca/article/view/1584 |title=Le chemin de fer du Mossi : enjeux politiques et territoriaux d'une infrastructure coloniale en Haute-Volta (1919-1954) |author=Boubié Bazié |website=Revue d'histoire contemporaine de l'Afrique |date=2024 |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa hiyo Baloum Naaba hushiriki katika mikutano na mfalme na katika kupeleka maamuzi yake. Pia humwakilisha mfalme. Kazi yake ni zaidi ya kusimamia mali ya ikulu.<ref name="beu">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/chrhc/4614 |title=Trajectoires impériales croisées : l'historicité d'un État africain hybride |author=Benoît Beucher |website=Cahiers d'histoire. Revue d'histoire critique |date=2015 |language=fr}}</ref> == Mapokeo ya ukoo == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo yaliyokusanywa na Yamba Tiendrébéogo, Baloum Naaba wanatoka kwa mwana wa kwanza wa Naaba Ouedraogo. Mwana huyo aliacha uchifu ili ajitolee kwa ngoma. Ukoo huu unahusishwa na kinyago cha familia na ngoma inayochezwa wakati wa sherehe ya Mogho Naaba.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo Frobenius anamtaja Baloum Naaba miongoni mwa wakuu walioitwa na Naaba Soarba, mrithi wa Oubri.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wakati wa ukoloni == Ukoloni wa Kifaransa haukufuta baraza la Mogho Naaba. Serikali ya kikoloni ilitumia baadhi ya viongozi wake kupeleka maamuzi na kuwakilisha watu. Viongozi hao waliingia katika mabaraza ya ushauri ya Afrika Magharibi ya Kifaransa.<ref name="beu" /> Baloum Naaba Tanga Ouédraogo alishika cheo hiki kuanzia 1910 hadi 1950. Alikuwa mjumbe wa mabaraza ya ushauri ya kikoloni. Aliwakilisha ikulu mbele ya serikali ya Kifaransa.<ref name="beu" /> Mwaka 1945, Tanga Ouédraogo aligombea uchaguzi wa Bunge la Katiba la kwanza la Ufaransa. Aliungwa mkono na uchifu wa Wagadugu. Alishindwa kwa tofauti ndogo na [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]].<ref name="baz" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Baloum Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] n1v0iotw6vfzzuf0fptnx75a4bxshs4 0 257418 1615579 2026-11-08T06:53:19Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Larlé Naaba | image = [[Picha:Ruines du palais du Larlé Naaba à koudougou.JPG|250px]] | caption = Magofu ya ikulu ya Larlé Naaba huko Koudougou | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Larlé, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Larlé Naaba Tigré (tangu...' 1615579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Larlé Naaba | image = [[Picha:Ruines du palais du Larlé Naaba à koudougou.JPG|250px]] | caption = Magofu ya ikulu ya Larlé Naaba huko Koudougou | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Larlé, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Larlé Naaba Tigré (tangu 1990) }} '''Larlé Naaba''' (pia ''Larlé Naba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Larlé. Yeye ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa ufalme. Kazi yake inahusu jeshi, utawala wa maeneo, mila na diplomasia. Tangu tarehe 26 Februari 1990, cheo hiki kinashikiliwa na Larlé Naaba Tigré, ambaye jina lake la kiraia ni Victor Tiendrébéogo. == Historia == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, Larlé Naaba wa kwanza alikuwa Rabila, mshirika wa karibu wa [[Oubri]]. Oubri alipohamia Wagadugu, Rabila aliishi kaskazini mwa makazi ya mfalme. Mahali hapo palikuwa na miti mikubwa. Paliitwa Larlé, yaani "mahali penye miti mikubwa".<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2023/08/06/ouagadougou-lhistoire-et-la-signification-du-quartier-larle-avec-le-larle-naaba-tigre/ |title=Ouagadougou : l'histoire et la signification du quartier Larlé avec le Larlé Naaba Tigré |author=Willy Sagbe |website=Burkina24 |date=2023-08-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo Frobenius anamtaja "Lachale naba" miongoni mwa wakuu walioitwa na Naaba Soarba, mrithi wa Oubri.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> Larlé Naaba Pawitraogo alitawala kuanzia 1904 hadi 1928. Kati ya 1905 na 1923, Mogho Naaba Siguiri na Kom II walimtuma mara kadhaa katika eneo la Koudougou. Kazi yake ilikuwa kuimarisha mamlaka ya mfalme na kuwasimamia machifu wa huko.<ref name="hil">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/africanistes/2733 |title=Autodétermination et réflexivité dans les sociétés africaines anciennes : le cas moaga |author=Mathieu Hilgers |website=Journal des africanistes |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="bic">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article12980 |title=Pawitraogo, arrière-grand-père du Larlé Naaba Tigré |author=Ismaël Bicaba |website=LeFaso.net |date=2006-03-14 |language=fr}}</ref> Alipofariki mwaka 1928, mwanawe Yamba Tiendrébéogo alimrithi kwa jina la Larlé Naaba Anbga. Alikuwa mwanahistoria na msimulizi wa hadithi. Mwaka 1964, aliandika pamoja na Robert Pageard kitabu ''Histoire et coutumes royales des Mossi de Ouagadougou''. Pia aliendesha vipindi vya redio kuhusu hadithi na mila za Wamossi.<ref name="beu">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/outre_1631-0438_2011_num_98_370_4537 |title=Naaba Saaga II et Kougri, rois de Ouagadougou : un père et son fils dans la tourmente coloniale puis postcoloniale (1942-1982) |author=Benoît Beucher |website=Outre-Mers. Revue d'histoire |date=2011 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki mwaka 1982. Mwanawe, Larlé Naaba Bélemwendé, aliendelea kueneza hadithi za jadi.<ref name="cul">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=13031&page=impression |title=Larlé Naaba Tigré : « La culture vaut plus que le pétrole » |website=LeFaso.net |date=2006 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 26 Februari 1990, Mogho Naaba Baongo alimteua Victor Tiendrébéogo kuwa chifu wa Larlé kwa jina la Larlé Naaba Tigré.<ref name="bas15">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article63441 |title=Basga'2015 : le Larlé Naaba fêtera aussi ses 25 ans de règne |website=LeFaso.net |date=2015-02-27 |language=fr}}</ref> Pia amekuwa mbunge, mkulima na mratibu wa shughuli za kijamii. Mwaka 2026 bado alikuwa na cheo hiki.<ref name="rtb">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FSL5tFj6wQ |title=Culture : Larlé Naaba Tigré célèbre son Nabasga, fête traditionnelle moaga |website=Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Burkina (YouTube) |date=2026 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Larlé Naaba ni mjumbe wa baraza la mawaziri wa Mogho Naaba. Ana nafasi ya juu katika ikulu, baada ya [[Ouidi Naaba]]. Pia ana cheo cha Dimtansoba na hushiriki katika kuongoza shughuli za kijeshi.<ref name="lf14">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=58998&page=impression |title=Larlé Naba : « Je souhaite que mon rôle culturel et d'entrepreneur social soit plus mis en avant que mon côté purement politique » |website=LeFaso.net |date=2014-05-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Kabla ya ukoloni, viongozi wakuu wa ikulu walitawala sehemu za ufalme. Larlé Naaba alitawala sehemu ya magharibi. Serikali ya kikoloni iliendeleza mpangilio huu na kuiita sehemu hiyo "jimbo la Larlé".<ref name="hil" /> Larlé Naaba pia hushiriki katika mazishi ya kifalme. Yeye huthibitisha mahali pa kumzika Mogho Naaba kabla ya mazishi.<ref name="bas15" /> Mfalme anaweza kumpa kazi ya msemaji wakati wa mikutano rasmi.<ref name="lf14" /> Kila asubuhi, mawaziri huenda ikulu kumsalimia Mogho Naaba.<ref name="b24" /> == Sherehe == Nabasga, au Basga, ni sikukuu ya kila mwaka ya ikulu ya Larlé. Inakumbuka kusimikwa kwa Larlé Naaba. Inajumuisha ibada kwenye makaburi ya mababu, sadaka na maombi ya amani, usalama na mavuno mazuri.<ref name="sid">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/34e-basga-du-larle-naaba-tigre-le-chef-coutumier-lance-loffensive-pour-lautonomisation-des-femmes/ |title=34e Basga du Larlé Naaba Tigré : le chef coutumier lance l'offensive pour l'autonomisation des femmes |website=Sidwaya |date=2024-02-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Sherehe hiyo huhudhuriwa na familia ya chifu, viongozi wa jadi, viongozi wa serikali na dini, na wakazi wa Larlé.<ref name="sid" /> == Wenye cheo == Orodha hii haijakamilika: * Larlé Naaba Rabila, mwanzilishi wa mtaa wa Larlé kwa mujibu wa mapokeo; * Larlé Naaba Yemdé; * Larlé Naaba Pawitraogo, 1904–1928; * Larlé Naaba Anbga (Yamba Tiendrébéogo), 1928–1982; * Larlé Naaba Bélemwendé; * Larlé Naaba Tigré (Victor Tiendrébéogo), tangu 1990. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Larle Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] dk634ng2bi65hhojx9b7rktnpjhin20 1615601 1615579 2026-11-08T07:46:41Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Larlé Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[Picha:Ruines du palais du Larlé Naaba à koudougou.JPG|250px]] | caption = Magofu ya ikulu ya Larlé Naaba huko Koudougou | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Mtaa wa Larlé, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemteua | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Larlé Naaba Tigré (tangu 1990) }} '''Larlé Naaba''' (pia ''Larlé Naba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Larlé. Yeye ni mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa ufalme. Kazi yake inahusu jeshi, utawala wa maeneo, mila na diplomasia. Tangu tarehe 26 Februari 1990, cheo hiki kinashikiliwa na Larlé Naaba Tigré, ambaye jina lake la kiraia ni Victor Tiendrébéogo. == Historia == Kwa mujibu wa mapokeo, Larlé Naaba wa kwanza alikuwa Rabila, mshirika wa karibu wa [[Oubri]]. Oubri alipohamia Wagadugu, Rabila aliishi kaskazini mwa makazi ya mfalme. Mahali hapo palikuwa na miti mikubwa. Paliitwa Larlé, yaani "mahali penye miti mikubwa".<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2023/08/06/ouagadougou-lhistoire-et-la-signification-du-quartier-larle-avec-le-larle-naaba-tigre/ |title=Ouagadougou : l'histoire et la signification du quartier Larlé avec le Larlé Naaba Tigré |author=Willy Sagbe |website=Burkina24 |date=2023-08-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo Frobenius anamtaja "Lachale naba" miongoni mwa wakuu walioitwa na Naaba Soarba, mrithi wa Oubri.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> Larlé Naaba Pawitraogo alitawala kuanzia 1904 hadi 1928. Kati ya 1905 na 1923, Mogho Naaba Siguiri na Kom II walimtuma mara kadhaa katika eneo la Koudougou. Kazi yake ilikuwa kuimarisha mamlaka ya mfalme na kuwasimamia machifu wa huko.<ref name="hil">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/africanistes/2733 |title=Autodétermination et réflexivité dans les sociétés africaines anciennes : le cas moaga |author=Mathieu Hilgers |website=Journal des africanistes |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="bic">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article12980 |title=Pawitraogo, arrière-grand-père du Larlé Naaba Tigré |author=Ismaël Bicaba |website=LeFaso.net |date=2006-03-14 |language=fr}}</ref> Alipofariki mwaka 1928, mwanawe Yamba Tiendrébéogo alimrithi kwa jina la Larlé Naaba Anbga. Alikuwa mwanahistoria na msimulizi wa hadithi. Mwaka 1964, aliandika pamoja na Robert Pageard kitabu ''Histoire et coutumes royales des Mossi de Ouagadougou''. Pia aliendesha vipindi vya redio kuhusu hadithi na mila za Wamossi.<ref name="beu">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/outre_1631-0438_2011_num_98_370_4537 |title=Naaba Saaga II et Kougri, rois de Ouagadougou : un père et son fils dans la tourmente coloniale puis postcoloniale (1942-1982) |author=Benoît Beucher |website=Outre-Mers. Revue d'histoire |date=2011 |language=fr}}</ref> Alifariki mwaka 1982. Mwanawe, Larlé Naaba Bélemwendé, aliendelea kueneza hadithi za jadi.<ref name="cul">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=13031&page=impression |title=Larlé Naaba Tigré : « La culture vaut plus que le pétrole » |website=LeFaso.net |date=2006 |language=fr}}</ref> Tarehe 26 Februari 1990, Mogho Naaba Baongo alimteua Victor Tiendrébéogo kuwa chifu wa Larlé kwa jina la Larlé Naaba Tigré.<ref name="bas15">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article63441 |title=Basga'2015 : le Larlé Naaba fêtera aussi ses 25 ans de règne |website=LeFaso.net |date=2015-02-27 |language=fr}}</ref> Pia amekuwa mbunge, mkulima na mratibu wa shughuli za kijamii. Mwaka 2026 bado alikuwa na cheo hiki.<ref name="rtb">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FSL5tFj6wQ |title=Culture : Larlé Naaba Tigré célèbre son Nabasga, fête traditionnelle moaga |website=Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Burkina (YouTube) |date=2026 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Larlé Naaba ni mjumbe wa baraza la mawaziri wa Mogho Naaba. Ana nafasi ya juu katika ikulu, baada ya [[Ouidi Naaba]]. Pia ana cheo cha Dimtansoba na hushiriki katika kuongoza shughuli za kijeshi.<ref name="lf14">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=58998&page=impression |title=Larlé Naba : « Je souhaite que mon rôle culturel et d'entrepreneur social soit plus mis en avant que mon côté purement politique » |website=LeFaso.net |date=2014-05-01 |language=fr}}</ref> Kabla ya ukoloni, viongozi wakuu wa ikulu walitawala sehemu za ufalme. Larlé Naaba alitawala sehemu ya magharibi. Serikali ya kikoloni iliendeleza mpangilio huu na kuiita sehemu hiyo "jimbo la Larlé".<ref name="hil" /> Larlé Naaba pia hushiriki katika mazishi ya kifalme. Yeye huthibitisha mahali pa kumzika Mogho Naaba kabla ya mazishi.<ref name="bas15" /> Mfalme anaweza kumpa kazi ya msemaji wakati wa mikutano rasmi.<ref name="lf14" /> Kila asubuhi, mawaziri huenda ikulu kumsalimia Mogho Naaba.<ref name="b24" /> == Sherehe == Nabasga, au Basga, ni sikukuu ya kila mwaka ya ikulu ya Larlé. Inakumbuka kusimikwa kwa Larlé Naaba. Inajumuisha ibada kwenye makaburi ya mababu, sadaka na maombi ya amani, usalama na mavuno mazuri.<ref name="sid">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.sidwaya.info/34e-basga-du-larle-naaba-tigre-le-chef-coutumier-lance-loffensive-pour-lautonomisation-des-femmes/ |title=34e Basga du Larlé Naaba Tigré : le chef coutumier lance l'offensive pour l'autonomisation des femmes |website=Sidwaya |date=2024-02-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Sherehe hiyo huhudhuriwa na familia ya chifu, viongozi wa jadi, viongozi wa serikali na dini, na wakazi wa Larlé.<ref name="sid" /> == Wenye cheo == Orodha hii haijakamilika: * Larlé Naaba Rabila, mwanzilishi wa mtaa wa Larlé kwa mujibu wa mapokeo; * Larlé Naaba Yemdé; * Larlé Naaba Pawitraogo, 1904–1928; * Larlé Naaba Anbga (Yamba Tiendrébéogo), 1928–1982; * Larlé Naaba Bélemwendé; * Larlé Naaba Tigré (Victor Tiendrébéogo), tangu 1990. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Larle Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 8ty3sh74ylv25mhejrzaaa0enqs3zyg 0 257419 1615581 2026-11-08T06:55:13Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Samandin Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, mkuu wa itifaki | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Samandin, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Koanga (tangu 2007) }} '''Samandin Naaba''' (pia ''Samand Naaba'' au ''Samand-Naba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]...' 1615581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Samandin Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, mkuu wa itifaki | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Samandin, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Koanga (tangu 2007) }} '''Samandin Naaba''' (pia ''Samand Naaba'' au ''Samand-Naba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki anahusishwa na mtaa wa Samandin na ua wa nje wa ikulu. Kazi zake zinahusu itifaki, mapokezi wakati wa sherehe kubwa na udhibiti wa kuingia mbele ya ikulu. == Nafasi katika ikulu == Katika ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa Wagadugu, viongozi wengi wako chini ya Mogho Naaba. Baadhi yao wana kazi ikulu na pia ni machifu wa mitaa ya mji mkuu. Samandin Naaba ni mmoja wa viongozi wa nyumba ya kifalme.<ref name="kab">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4Nl4JgzIaUC |title=Organisation politique traditionnelle et évolution politique des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Gomkoudougou Victor Kaboré |publisher=CNRS |year=1966 |language=fr}}</ref> Cheo hiki kinahusiana na ''samandé'', ua wa nje wa ikulu. Hapo ndipo wageni, wajumbe na baadhi ya watumishi wa ikulu hukaa. Yamba Tiendrébéogo na Robert Pageard wanamweka Samand-Naba miongoni mwa wakuu wa ikulu.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HMsQAQAAIAAJ |title=Histoire et coutumes royales des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrébéogo, Robert Pageard |publisher=Larhallé Naba |year=1964 |pages=91, 132 |language=fr}}</ref> Utafiti kuhusu sheria za jadi za Wamossi unamweleza kama mkuu wa watu wanaohudumu katika ua wa nje.<ref name="bam">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://theses.hal.science/tel-05586943 |title=La justice traditionnelle dans la société moaaga du Burkina Faso |author=Toyinbo Bambara |website=HAL (thèse) |date=2025 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Kazi za Samandin Naaba zinahusu hasa eneo lililo mbele ya makazi ya mfalme. Hupokea wajumbe, huwapanga washiriki na husimamia sherehe katika ua wa nje.<ref name="mey">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/892 |title=De Bancoville à la ville moderne |author=Pierre-Erwann Meyer |website=IRD Éditions |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref> Kazi zake ni pamoja na: * kusimamia ua wa nje wa ikulu; * kuwapokea wageni na wajumbe; * kupanga itifaki ya sherehe; * kuongoza watumishi wa ua wa nje; * kudhibiti kuingia mbele ya ikulu.<ref name="mey" /> Kazi hizi si sawa kabisa na za wizara ya kisasa. Zinategemea wajibu wa kimila, wa kimaeneo na wa kiibada.<ref name="kab" /> == Mtaa wa Samandin == Wagadugu ya zamani ilikuwa na mitaa kadhaa kuzunguka makazi ya Mogho Naaba. Kila mtaa ulihusishwa na kazi fulani ya ikulu. Ouidi, Larlé na Gounghin vilihusiana na jeshi. Kamsaoghin ilihusiana na vijana. Samandin ilihusiana na mapokezi na sherehe kubwa.<ref name="mey" /> Kwa hiyo Samandin Naaba ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Samandin. Pia ana wajibu kwa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="mey" /> == Wenye cheo == Clément Pitroipa alisimikwa kuwa Samandin Naaba wa Wagadugu tarehe 26 Juni 2007, kwa jina la Naaba Koanga. Alisimikwa na Gounghin Naaba kwa ruhusa ya Mogho Naaba Baongo.<ref name="sid">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=21905&page=impression |title=Chefferie traditionnelle : le Samandin Naaba remercie le Moogho Naaba pour son intronisation |author=Daouda Émile Ouédraogo |website=Sidwaya |date=2007-07-05 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2021, Samandin Naaba alihojiwa na mtafiti wa chuo kikuu. Alizungumzia adhabu za jadi, migogoro inayohusu vijana na uhusiano kati ya sheria za jadi na mahakama za serikali.<ref name="ami">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://data.africamultiple.uni-bayreuth.de/s/amira/item/9992 |title=Synthèse d'entretien avec le Samandin Naaba de Ouagadougou |author=Tatiana Nadine Tapsoba |website=Africa Multiple Interactive Research Atlas |date=2021-04-25 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Samandin Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] k4vrnxx1t05j100928bs9a3fojh3lc0 1615602 1615581 2026-11-08T07:46:41Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Samandin Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Der König der Mossi (Moro naba) umgeben von seinen Stammeshäuptlingen anlässlich des Neujahrsempfanges-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0867.tif|250px]] | caption = Mogho Naaba akiwa na machifu wake wakati wa sherehe ya Mwaka Mpya, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, mkuu wa itifaki | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Mtaa wa Samandin, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemteua | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Naaba Koanga (tangu 2007) }} '''Samandin Naaba''' (pia ''Samand Naaba'' au ''Samand-Naba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki anahusishwa na mtaa wa Samandin na ua wa nje wa ikulu. Kazi zake zinahusu itifaki, mapokezi wakati wa sherehe kubwa na udhibiti wa kuingia mbele ya ikulu. == Nafasi katika ikulu == Katika ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa Wagadugu, viongozi wengi wako chini ya Mogho Naaba. Baadhi yao wana kazi ikulu na pia ni machifu wa mitaa ya mji mkuu. Samandin Naaba ni mmoja wa viongozi wa nyumba ya kifalme.<ref name="kab">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4Nl4JgzIaUC |title=Organisation politique traditionnelle et évolution politique des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Gomkoudougou Victor Kaboré |publisher=CNRS |year=1966 |language=fr}}</ref> Cheo hiki kinahusiana na ''samandé'', ua wa nje wa ikulu. Hapo ndipo wageni, wajumbe na baadhi ya watumishi wa ikulu hukaa. Yamba Tiendrébéogo na Robert Pageard wanamweka Samand-Naba miongoni mwa wakuu wa ikulu.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HMsQAQAAIAAJ |title=Histoire et coutumes royales des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrébéogo, Robert Pageard |publisher=Larhallé Naba |year=1964 |pages=91, 132 |language=fr}}</ref> Utafiti kuhusu sheria za jadi za Wamossi unamweleza kama mkuu wa watu wanaohudumu katika ua wa nje.<ref name="bam">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://theses.hal.science/tel-05586943 |title=La justice traditionnelle dans la société moaaga du Burkina Faso |author=Toyinbo Bambara |website=HAL (thèse) |date=2025 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi == Kazi za Samandin Naaba zinahusu hasa eneo lililo mbele ya makazi ya mfalme. Hupokea wajumbe, huwapanga washiriki na husimamia sherehe katika ua wa nje.<ref name="mey">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/892 |title=De Bancoville à la ville moderne |author=Pierre-Erwann Meyer |website=IRD Éditions |date=2008 |language=fr}}</ref> Kazi zake ni pamoja na: * kusimamia ua wa nje wa ikulu; * kuwapokea wageni na wajumbe; * kupanga itifaki ya sherehe; * kuongoza watumishi wa ua wa nje; * kudhibiti kuingia mbele ya ikulu.<ref name="mey" /> Kazi hizi si sawa kabisa na za wizara ya kisasa. Zinategemea wajibu wa kimila, wa kimaeneo na wa kiibada.<ref name="kab" /> == Mtaa wa Samandin == Wagadugu ya zamani ilikuwa na mitaa kadhaa kuzunguka makazi ya Mogho Naaba. Kila mtaa ulihusishwa na kazi fulani ya ikulu. Ouidi, Larlé na Gounghin vilihusiana na jeshi. Kamsaoghin ilihusiana na vijana. Samandin ilihusiana na mapokezi na sherehe kubwa.<ref name="mey" /> Kwa hiyo Samandin Naaba ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Samandin. Pia ana wajibu kwa Mogho Naaba.<ref name="mey" /> == Wenye cheo == Clément Pitroipa alisimikwa kuwa Samandin Naaba wa Wagadugu tarehe 26 Juni 2007, kwa jina la Naaba Koanga. Alisimikwa na Gounghin Naaba kwa ruhusa ya Mogho Naaba Baongo.<ref name="sid">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=21905&page=impression |title=Chefferie traditionnelle : le Samandin Naaba remercie le Moogho Naaba pour son intronisation |author=Daouda Émile Ouédraogo |website=Sidwaya |date=2007-07-05 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2021, Samandin Naaba alihojiwa na mtafiti wa chuo kikuu. Alizungumzia adhabu za jadi, migogoro inayohusu vijana na uhusiano kati ya sheria za jadi na mahakama za serikali.<ref name="ami">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://data.africamultiple.uni-bayreuth.de/s/amira/item/9992 |title=Synthèse d'entretien avec le Samandin Naaba de Ouagadougou |author=Tatiana Nadine Tapsoba |website=Africa Multiple Interactive Research Atlas |date=2021-04-25 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Samandin Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 5lhrfhlkastaeihg1vjipobovgmyfvx 0 257420 1615582 2026-11-08T07:02:00Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dean Edwards Smith''' ([[28 Februari]] [[1931]] – [[7 Februari]] [[2015]]) alikuwa kocha wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa chuo kikuu nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikua kocha mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha North Carolina kuanzia [[1961]] hadi [[1997]] na alishinda mataji mawili ya NCAA (1982, 1993). Alikuwa mmoja wa makocha wenye ushindi mwingi zaidi katika historia ya mpira wa kikapu wa chuo kikuu .<ref name="ncaastats">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncaa.org/stats/m_basketb...' 1615582 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dean Edwards Smith''' ([[28 Februari]] [[1931]] – [[7 Februari]] [[2015]]) alikuwa kocha wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa chuo kikuu nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikua kocha mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha North Carolina kuanzia [[1961]] hadi [[1997]] na alishinda mataji mawili ya NCAA (1982, 1993). Alikuwa mmoja wa makocha wenye ushindi mwingi zaidi katika historia ya mpira wa kikapu wa chuo kikuu .<ref name="ncaastats">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncaa.org/stats/m_basketball/coaching/index.html |title=NCAA stats |work=NCAA |access-date=February 1, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008164146/http://www.ncaa.org/stats/m_basketball/coaching/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=October 8, 2006}}</ref><ref name="DSbio">{{cite web |url=http://www.hoophall.com/halloffamers/bhof-dean-smith.html |title=Dean Smith Biography |work=Hall of Famers |publisher=Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, Inc. |access-date=October 29, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070505133017/http://www.hoophall.com/halloffamers/bhof-dean-smith.html |archive-date=May 5, 2007}}</ref> == Kazi == Smith alizaliwa Emporia, [[Kansas]]. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kansas, ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu chini ya kocha Phog Allen. Alianza kazi yake ya ukocha akiwa msaidizi kabla ya kuwa kocha mkuu wa North Carolina mwaka 1961. Akiwa na Tar Heels, alishinda mataji mawili ya NCAA na aliongoza timu kufika Final Four mara 11. Alifundisha wachezaji wengi maarufu ikiwemo [[Michael Jordan]], James Worthy, na Vince Carter. Alijiunga na Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame mwaka 1983.<ref name="si_bynumbers">{{cite magazine |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/features/1997/sportsman/bythenumbers.html |title=Smith by the Numbers |magazine=Sports Illustrated |access-date=October 29, 2006 |series=Dean Smith: The 1997 Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524110027/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/features/1997/sportsman/bythenumbers.html|archive-date=May 24, 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] tqecxrpt6etwkqhh7gxufvgi6l18oyh 0 257421 1615588 2026-11-08T07:30:34Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Balkuy Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, mlinzi wa mfalme | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Balkuy, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Sonré (tangu 2001) }} '''Balkuy Naaba''' (pia ''Balkuy Naba'' au ''Balkouy Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha chifu wa Balkuy, eneo lililo sehemu y...' 1615588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Balkuy Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, mlinzi wa mfalme | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Balkuy, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemsimika | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Naaba Sonré (tangu 2001) }} '''Balkuy Naaba''' (pia ''Balkuy Naba'' au ''Balkouy Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha chifu wa Balkuy, eneo lililo sehemu ya [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Katika utawala wa jadi wa [[Wamossi]], mwenye cheo hiki ni ''tansoaba''. Kazi yake ni kulinda sehemu ya mashariki ya Wagadugu na kumlinda [[Mogho Naaba]]. Tangu Julai 2001, cheo hiki kinashikiliwa na Issa Tapsoba, ambaye jina lake la kimila ni Naaba Sonré. == Nafasi katika uchifu == Katika falme za Mossi, neno ''naaba'' linamaanisha chifu au mfalme. Utawala ulitegemea ngazi za machifu wa maeneo na viongozi wa ikulu.<ref name="ski">{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Mossi of the Upper Volta: The Political Development of a Sudanese People |author=Elliott P. Skinner |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1964 |isbn=978-0-8047-0166-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Balkuy Naaba ni chifu wa jadi wa Balkuy na pia ni ''tansoaba'', yaani kiongozi mwenye kazi za kijeshi na ulinzi. Analinda Mogho Naaba na sehemu ya mashariki ya Wagadugu. Anashirikiana na ''tansoaba'' wengine walio karibu na mji.<ref name="net">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/fete-coutumiere-le-naaba-sonre-de-balkuy-sacrifie-au-rituel/ |title=Fête coutumière : le Naaba Sonré de Balkuy sacrifie au rituel |author=Aboubacar Dermé, Aïssata G. Laure Sidibé |website=NetAfrique |date=2014-04-16 |language=fr}}</ref> Uchifu wa Wamossi bado una ushawishi katika jamii, licha ya ukoloni na uhuru wa Burkina Faso. Machifu hushiriki katika sherehe za kimila, upatanishi na kuwakilisha watu wao.<ref name="beu">{{Rejea kitabu |title=Manger le pouvoir au Burkina Faso : La noblesse mossi à l'épreuve de l'Histoire |author=Benoît Beucher |publisher=Karthala |year=2017 |isbn=978-2-8111-1693-4 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Baba yake Issa Tapsoba, Johnson Tapsoba, alikuwa na jina la kimila la Naaba Gninbolbo. Alikuwa chifu wa Balkuy. Pia anatajwa kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa klabu ya gofu ya Wagadugu, mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1970.<ref name="lf11">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=42903&page=impression |title=Une lettre pour Laye : fronde des cotonculteurs à Boromo |website=LeFaso.net |date=2011-07-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Issa Tapsoba alisimikwa na Mogho Naaba Baongo tarehe 17 Julai 2001. Akawa chifu wa 15 wa Balkuy kwa jina la Naaba Sonré.<ref name="aa01">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200107260335.html |title=Le XVe chef de Balkouy s'installe |author=Étienne Nassa |website=AllAfrica |date=2001-07-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwezi Mei 2025, bado alikuwa chifu wa Balkuy.<ref name="f7">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://faso7.com/2025/05/31/burkina-faso-helena-transports-inaugure-ses-services-sur-la-ligne-ouaga-bobo-ouaga/ |title=Burkina Faso : Hélèna Transports inaugure ses services sur la ligne Ouaga-Bobo-Ouaga |author=Josué Tiendrebeogo |website=Faso7 |date=2025-05-31 |language=fr}}</ref> == Na'basga == Kila mwaka, Balkuy Naaba husherehekea Na'basga, sikukuu ya kimila baada ya mavuno. Sherehe hii inawaheshimu mababu. Kwa jadi, inafanyika kabla ya kula mazao mapya.<ref name="net" /> Siku moja kabla, sadaka hutolewa kwa kumbukumbu ya machifu wa zamani na wanajamii waliofariki. Pombe ya nafaka iitwayo ''dolo'' hutolewa kwa mababu, kisha hunywewa na washiriki.<ref name="net" /> Sherehe pia ina salamu kwa chifu, muziki na mikutano kati ya wakazi, viongozi wa jadi na wageni.<ref name="aa06">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200604020013.html |title=Culture et tradition : le Balkuy Naaba fête le « basga » |website=AllAfrica |date=2006-04-01 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Balkuy Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] q39z7nret0jvhdz2og2d8mm4barho6g 1615603 1615588 2026-11-08T07:46:42Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Balkuy Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Der König der Mossi (Moro naba) umgeben von seinen Stammeshäuptlingen anlässlich des Neujahrsempfanges-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0862.tif|250px]] | caption = Mogho Naaba akiwa na machifu wake wakati wa sherehe ya Mwaka Mpya, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, mlinzi wa mfalme | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Balkuy, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemsimika | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Naaba Sonré (tangu 2001) }} '''Balkuy Naaba''' (pia ''Balkuy Naba'' au ''Balkouy Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi cha chifu wa Balkuy, eneo lililo sehemu ya [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Katika utawala wa jadi wa [[Wamossi]], mwenye cheo hiki ni ''tansoaba''. Kazi yake ni kulinda sehemu ya mashariki ya Wagadugu na kumlinda [[Mogho Naaba]]. Tangu Julai 2001, cheo hiki kinashikiliwa na Issa Tapsoba, ambaye jina lake la kimila ni Naaba Sonré. == Nafasi katika uchifu == Katika falme za Mossi, neno ''naaba'' linamaanisha chifu au mfalme. Utawala ulitegemea ngazi za machifu wa maeneo na viongozi wa ikulu.<ref name="ski">{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Mossi of the Upper Volta: The Political Development of a Sudanese People |author=Elliott P. Skinner |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1964 |isbn=978-0-8047-0166-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrebeogo |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> Balkuy Naaba ni chifu wa jadi wa Balkuy na pia ni ''tansoaba'', yaani kiongozi mwenye kazi za kijeshi na ulinzi. Analinda Mogho Naaba na sehemu ya mashariki ya Wagadugu. Anashirikiana na ''tansoaba'' wengine walio karibu na mji.<ref name="net">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://netafrique.net/fete-coutumiere-le-naaba-sonre-de-balkuy-sacrifie-au-rituel/ |title=Fête coutumière : le Naaba Sonré de Balkuy sacrifie au rituel |author=Aboubacar Dermé, Aïssata G. Laure Sidibé |website=NetAfrique |date=2014-04-16 |language=fr}}</ref> Uchifu wa Wamossi bado una ushawishi katika jamii, licha ya ukoloni na uhuru wa Burkina Faso. Machifu hushiriki katika sherehe za kimila, upatanishi na kuwakilisha watu wao.<ref name="beu">{{Rejea kitabu |title=Manger le pouvoir au Burkina Faso : La noblesse mossi à l'épreuve de l'Histoire |author=Benoît Beucher |publisher=Karthala |year=2017 |isbn=978-2-8111-1693-4 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Baba yake Issa Tapsoba, Johnson Tapsoba, alikuwa na jina la kimila la Naaba Gninbolbo. Alikuwa chifu wa Balkuy. Pia anatajwa kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa klabu ya gofu ya Wagadugu, mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1970.<ref name="lf11">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/?id_article=42903&page=impression |title=Une lettre pour Laye : fronde des cotonculteurs à Boromo |website=LeFaso.net |date=2011-07-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Issa Tapsoba alisimikwa na Mogho Naaba Baongo tarehe 17 Julai 2001. Akawa chifu wa 15 wa Balkuy kwa jina la Naaba Sonré.<ref name="aa01">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200107260335.html |title=Le XVe chef de Balkouy s'installe |author=Étienne Nassa |website=AllAfrica |date=2001-07-26 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwezi Mei 2025, bado alikuwa chifu wa Balkuy.<ref name="f7">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://faso7.com/2025/05/31/burkina-faso-helena-transports-inaugure-ses-services-sur-la-ligne-ouaga-bobo-ouaga/ |title=Burkina Faso : Hélèna Transports inaugure ses services sur la ligne Ouaga-Bobo-Ouaga |author=Josué Tiendrebeogo |website=Faso7 |date=2025-05-31 |language=fr}}</ref> == Na'basga == Kila mwaka, Balkuy Naaba husherehekea Na'basga, sikukuu ya kimila baada ya mavuno. Sherehe hii inawaheshimu mababu. Kwa jadi, inafanyika kabla ya kula mazao mapya.<ref name="net" /> Siku moja kabla, sadaka hutolewa kwa kumbukumbu ya machifu wa zamani na wanajamii waliofariki. Pombe ya nafaka iitwayo ''dolo'' hutolewa kwa mababu, kisha hunywewa na washiriki.<ref name="net" /> Sherehe pia ina salamu kwa chifu, muziki na mikutano kati ya wakazi, viongozi wa jadi na wageni.<ref name="aa06">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200604020013.html |title=Culture et tradition : le Balkuy Naaba fête le « basga » |website=AllAfrica |date=2006-04-01 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Balkuy Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 41rn94r7chfaj0po4nawiswoffxpt08 0 257422 1615589 2026-11-08T07:33:02Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Poe Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa haki | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Nchi | data3 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label4 = Anayemteua | data4 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label5 = Mwenye cheo | data5 = Poé Naaba Tanga (tangu 2001) }} '''Poe Naaba''' (pia ''Poé Naaba'', ''Poe Naba'' au ''Poé-Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa Waga...' 1615589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Poe Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa haki | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Nchi | data3 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label4 = Anayemteua | data4 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label5 = Mwenye cheo | data5 = Poé Naaba Tanga (tangu 2001) }} '''Poe Naaba''' (pia ''Poé Naaba'', ''Poe Naba'' au ''Poé-Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kazi zake zinahusu uaguzi, kusimamia maadili katika ikulu na haki ya kimila. Leo anajulikana kama waziri wa haki wa Mogho Naaba. == Kazi == Mwaka 1928, mwandishi Antoine Dim Delobsom alieleza baraza la Wagadugu. Alimweka Poe Naaba miongoni mwa viongozi wanaomsalimia Mogho Naaba kila asubuhi. Hata hivyo, hakumhesabu miongoni mwa mawaziri wakuu.<ref name="som">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://our-global-u.org/oguorg/en/download/Featured%20Authors/yoporeka_somet/Yoporeka-SOMET_Le-Morho-Naba-et-sa-Cour.pdf |title=« Le Morho-Naba et sa Cour » : un commentaire du texte de Dim Delobsom à la lumière de l'égyptologie |author=Yoporeka Somet |website=ANKH |date=2013 |language=fr}}</ref> Kihistoria, Poe Naaba alikuwa msikilizaji wa maungamo ya watumishi vijana na wake wa Mogho Naaba. Kwa imani za ikulu, uaguzi uitwao ''poéré'' ulimwezesha kuwatambua watu walioshukiwa kwa usaliti au uzinzi. Kazi hii ilihusiana na adhabu za kimila. Adhabu hizo zilikoma wakati wa ukoloni wa Kifaransa.<ref name="som" /> Leo kazi hii inalinganishwa na ile ya waziri wa haki. Kwa mujibu wa mwenye cheo, jina hili lilitokana na kubadilisha utawala wa jadi kufuata mfumo wa kikoloni. Anaeleza kwamba zamani alikuwa "mchunguzi mkuu" wa ufalme. Alitafuta na kufichua matendo yaliyokwenda kinyume na sheria za ikulu.<ref name="act">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://actuburkina.net/poe-naaba-chefferie-coutumiere-traditionnelle-eminemment-politique/ |title=Poé Naaba : « La chefferie coutumière et traditionnelle est éminemment politique » |website=ActuBurkina |date=2017-08-07 |language=fr}}</ref> [[Dapoya Naaba]], mkuu wa usalama, alifanya kazi pamoja na Poe Naaba katika masuala ya haki. == Wenye cheo == Justin Compaoré alisimikwa kuwa Poe Naaba mwaka 2001 kwa jina la Poé Naaba Tanga. Pia alikuwa mwanasiasa na mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Burkina Faso.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article51432 |title=Poé Naaba Tanga, candidat de l'UPC : « Le sérieux de l'UPC convainc la population à adhérer à ses idéaux » |author=Jacques Théodore Balima |website=leFaso.net |date=2012-11-23 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwezi Julai 2025, bado alikuwa waziri wa Mogho Naaba. Aliwakilisha uchifu wa jadi katika sherehe moja huko Wagadugu.<ref name="tri">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.latribunedufaso.net/?p=22060 |title=Sport : le Sporting Club de Ouagadougou lance officiellement ses activités |author=Rosana Kiendrebeogo |website=La Tribune du Faso |date=2025-07-21 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Poe Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] sxgf129s64ni9q29n8zgt1gfrcma32r 1615604 1615589 2026-11-08T07:46:44Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Poe Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Der König der Mossi (Moro naba) umgeben von seinen Stammeshäuptlingen anlässlich des Neujahrsempfanges-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0866.tif|250px]] | caption = Mogho Naaba akiwa na machifu wake wakati wa sherehe ya Mwaka Mpya, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa haki | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Poé Naaba Tanga (tangu 2001) }} '''Poe Naaba''' (pia ''Poé Naaba'', ''Poe Naba'' au ''Poé-Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Kazi zake zinahusu uaguzi, kusimamia maadili katika ikulu na haki ya kimila. Leo anajulikana kama waziri wa haki wa Mogho Naaba. == Kazi == Mwaka 1928, mwandishi Antoine Dim Delobsom alieleza baraza la Wagadugu. Alimweka Poe Naaba miongoni mwa viongozi wanaomsalimia Mogho Naaba kila asubuhi. Hata hivyo, hakumhesabu miongoni mwa mawaziri wakuu.<ref name="som">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://our-global-u.org/oguorg/en/download/Featured%20Authors/yoporeka_somet/Yoporeka-SOMET_Le-Morho-Naba-et-sa-Cour.pdf |title=« Le Morho-Naba et sa Cour » : un commentaire du texte de Dim Delobsom à la lumière de l'égyptologie |author=Yoporeka Somet |website=ANKH |date=2013 |language=fr}}</ref> Kihistoria, Poe Naaba alikuwa msikilizaji wa maungamo ya watumishi vijana na wake wa Mogho Naaba. Kwa imani za ikulu, uaguzi uitwao ''poéré'' ulimwezesha kuwatambua watu walioshukiwa kwa usaliti au uzinzi. Kazi hii ilihusiana na adhabu za kimila. Adhabu hizo zilikoma wakati wa ukoloni wa Kifaransa.<ref name="som" /> Leo kazi hii inalinganishwa na ile ya waziri wa haki. Kwa mujibu wa mwenye cheo, jina hili lilitokana na kubadilisha utawala wa jadi kufuata mfumo wa kikoloni. Anaeleza kwamba zamani alikuwa "mchunguzi mkuu" wa ufalme. Alitafuta na kufichua matendo yaliyokwenda kinyume na sheria za ikulu.<ref name="act">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://actuburkina.net/poe-naaba-chefferie-coutumiere-traditionnelle-eminemment-politique/ |title=Poé Naaba : « La chefferie coutumière et traditionnelle est éminemment politique » |website=ActuBurkina |date=2017-08-07 |language=fr}}</ref> [[Dapoya Naaba]], mkuu wa usalama, alifanya kazi pamoja na Poe Naaba katika masuala ya haki. == Wenye cheo == Justin Compaoré alisimikwa kuwa Poe Naaba mwaka 2001 kwa jina la Poé Naaba Tanga. Pia alikuwa mwanasiasa na mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Burkina Faso.<ref name="lf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article51432 |title=Poé Naaba Tanga, candidat de l'UPC : « Le sérieux de l'UPC convainc la population à adhérer à ses idéaux » |author=Jacques Théodore Balima |website=leFaso.net |date=2012-11-23 |language=fr}}</ref> Mwezi Julai 2025, bado alikuwa waziri wa Mogho Naaba. Aliwakilisha uchifu wa jadi katika sherehe moja huko Wagadugu.<ref name="tri">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.latribunedufaso.net/?p=22060 |title=Sport : le Sporting Club de Ouagadougou lance officiellement ses activités |author=Rosana Kiendrebeogo |website=La Tribune du Faso |date=2025-07-21 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Poe Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] dftkhpckmtjdbema7p10gfc4tsig4un 0 257423 1615591 2026-11-08T07:38:16Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Kamsonghin Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vijana | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Kamsonghin, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba (tangu 2015) }} '''Kamsonghin Naaba''' (pia ''Kamsaogho Naba'', ''Kamsoro Naba'' au ''Kamsaoghin Naaba'') ni kio...' 1615591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Kamsonghin Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vijana | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Mtaa wa Kamsonghin, Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba (tangu 2015) }} '''Kamsonghin Naaba''' (pia ''Kamsaogho Naba'', ''Kamsoro Naba'' au ''Kamsaoghin Naaba'') ni kiongozi mkuu katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa jadi wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]]. Cheo hiki kinahusishwa na mtaa wa Kamsonghin. Kazi zake za kisiasa, za ikulu na za itifaki zimebadilika katika historia. == Jina na nafasi == Majina Kamsoro Naba na Kamsaogho Naba yanapatikana katika maandiko ya kihistoria. Jina Kamsonghin Naaba linatumika zaidi leo. Neno ''naaba'' linamaanisha "chifu" au "mfalme" kwa [[Kimoore]]. Antoine Dim Delobsom aliandika kuhusu baraza mwanzoni mwa karne ya 20. Kwa mujibu wake, Kamsoro Naba alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi walio karibu na Mogho Naaba. Zamani alimfuata [[Tansoba Naaba]] vitani.<ref name="som">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://our-global-u.org/oguorg/en/download/Featured%20Authors/yoporeka_somet/Yoporeka-SOMET_Le-Morho-Naba-et-sa-Cour.pdf |title=Le Morho-Naba et sa Cour : commentaire du texte de Dim Delobsom à la lumière de l'égyptologie |author=Yoporeka Somet |website=ANKH |date=2013 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo Frobenius anamtaja "Kamsogo naba" miongoni mwa wakuu walioitwa na Naaba Soarba, mrithi wa Oubri.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi za zamani == Maandiko ya kihistoria yanamweleza Kamsaogho Naba kama kiongozi wa ikulu ya ndani. Cheo hiki kilipewa towashi, kwa kawaida mateka wa vita. Yeye aliongoza matowashi wengine wa ikulu.<ref name="pag">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1965_num_35_1_1390 |title=Une enquête historique en pays mossi |author=Robert Pageard |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1965 |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa kuwa hakuwa na watoto, hakushiriki katika mashindano ya urithi wa kiti. Kamsaogho Naba alisimamia nyumba ya wake wa mfalme. Pia alifanya maamuzi fulani ya ikulu ya ndani. Maandiko ya zamani yanasema alitekeleza adhabu dhidi ya viongozi wakuu.<ref name="som" /> Alikuwa msemaji wa wake wa mfalme.<ref name="pag" /> Kwa sababu hiyo, katika mapokeo fulani aliitwa "mke wa kwanza wa Mogho Naaba".<ref name="som" /> Alishiriki pia wakati wa Kourita, kipindi cha mpito baada ya kifo cha Mogho Naaba. Pamoja na wakuu wa ikulu ya ndani, alisaidia kumchagua kiongozi wa kipindi hicho. Kwanza alisikiliza maoni ya Pugh-Tiema, mke wa kwanza wa mfalme aliyefariki.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrébéogo, Robert Pageard |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi za leo == Leo, Kamsonghin Naaba ni waziri wa Mogho Naaba anayeshughulikia vijana. Pia ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Kamsonghin.<ref name="wak">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.wakatsera.com/ouagadougou-chefferie-coutumiere-le-kamsonghin-yarnaaba-boulga-intronise/ |title=Ouagadougou : chefferie coutumière, le Kamsonghin Yarnaaba Boulga intronisé |website=Wakat Séra |date=2023-02-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Kazi zake za hadharani ni za itifaki, za kijamii na za jamii. Wakati Mogho Naaba anapotoka katika sherehe rasmi, Kamsonghin Naaba ndiye wa kwanza kuingia kwake. Huhakikisha kwamba mfalme yuko tayari kabla viongozi wengine hawajaingia.<ref name="lib">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://libreinfo.net/sortie-speciale-moogho-naaba/ |title=15 mai à Ouagadougou : sortie spéciale du Moogho Naaba |website=Libreinfo.net |date=2024-05-15 |language=fr}}</ref> Pia humwakilisha Mogho Naaba katika sherehe za kidini au za jamii. Mwezi Oktoba 2024, alimwakilisha katika sherehe ya Maulidi huko Wagadugu. Alitoa ujumbe wa amani na kuishi pamoja.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2024/10/06/maouloud-2024-cheikh-moaze-ouedraogo-appelle-a-lacceptation-de-lautre/ |title=Maouloud 2024 : Cheikh Moaze Ouédraogo appelle à l'acceptation de l'autre |author=Amidou Ouédraogo |website=Burkina24 |date=2024-10-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Kila mwaka, sikukuu ya ''naabasga'' hukumbuka kusimikwa kwake. Inafanyika katika ikulu ya Kamsonghin. Huwakusanya viongozi wa jadi, wakazi wa mtaa na wageni.<ref name="inf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.infosculturedufaso.net/nabaasga-le-kamsonghin-naaba-kiiba-fete-ses-six-ans/ |title=Naabasga : le Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba fête ses six ans |author=Ousmane Ouédraogo |website=Infos Culture du Faso |date=2021-06-01 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Georges Abdoulaye Tassembédo, kwa jina la Kamsonghin Naaba Wilpé N'Daogho, alizaliwa tarehe 7 Machi 1925 na alifariki tarehe 2 Machi 2006. Alikuwa mhudumu wa afya na mbunge. Alikuwa waziri wa Mogho Naaba na msimamizi wa ikulu.<ref name="lf06">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article12786 |title=Décès du Kamsonghin Naaba : un gardien de la tradition s'en est allé |author=Ben Traoré |website=LeFaso.net |date=2006-03-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Kamsonghin Naaba Sanem alimrithi mwezi Aprili 2006. Alizaliwa tarehe 27 Juni 1958 na alifariki tarehe 2 Desemba 2014. Alishiriki katika vikundi vya viongozi wa jadi na wa dini vinavyopinga ukeketaji.<ref name="pays">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lepays.bf/chefferie-coutumiere-le-kamsonghin-naaba-nest-plus/ |title=Chefferie coutumière : le Kamsonghin Naaba n'est plus |author=Hamadi Baro |website=Le Pays |date=2014-12-04 |language=fr}}</ref> Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba alisimikwa mwaka 2015. Sikukuu yake ya kwanza ya naabasga ilifanyika mwaka 2016.<ref name="inf" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kamsonghin Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] dppbn9l4ji2xzcgo7xwab1fvgrrqa07 1615605 1615591 2026-11-08T07:46:45Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Kamsonghin Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:ETH-BIB-Noch lange werden wohl die Lieblingsfrauen des Moro naba an ihren ersten Flug zurückdenken-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0909.tif|250px]] | caption = Wake wa Mogho Naaba, 1930 | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa vijana | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Mtaa wa Kamsonghin, Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemteua | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba (tangu 2015) }} '''Kamsonghin Naaba''' (pia ''Kamsaogho Naba'', ''Kamsoro Naba'' au ''Kamsaoghin Naaba'') ni kiongozi mkuu katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa jadi wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]]. Cheo hiki kinahusishwa na mtaa wa Kamsonghin. Kazi zake za kisiasa, za ikulu na za itifaki zimebadilika katika historia. == Jina na nafasi == Majina Kamsoro Naba na Kamsaogho Naba yanapatikana katika maandiko ya kihistoria. Jina Kamsonghin Naaba linatumika zaidi leo. Neno ''naaba'' linamaanisha "chifu" au "mfalme" kwa [[Kimoore]]. Antoine Dim Delobsom aliandika kuhusu baraza mwanzoni mwa karne ya 20. Kwa mujibu wake, Kamsoro Naba alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi walio karibu na Mogho Naaba. Zamani alimfuata [[Tansoba Naaba]] vitani.<ref name="som">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://our-global-u.org/oguorg/en/download/Featured%20Authors/yoporeka_somet/Yoporeka-SOMET_Le-Morho-Naba-et-sa-Cour.pdf |title=Le Morho-Naba et sa Cour : commentaire du texte de Dim Delobsom à la lumière de l'égyptologie |author=Yoporeka Somet |website=ANKH |date=2013 |language=fr}}</ref> Leo Frobenius anamtaja "Kamsogo naba" miongoni mwa wakuu walioitwa na Naaba Soarba, mrithi wa Oubri.<ref name="fb4">{{Rejea kitabu |url=https://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/opus4/files/55603/46431089X_ocrf.pdf |title=Histoire et contes des Mossi |author=Leo Frobenius |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Wiesbaden |year=1986 |page=4 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi za zamani == Maandiko ya kihistoria yanamweleza Kamsaogho Naba kama kiongozi wa ikulu ya ndani. Cheo hiki kilipewa towashi, kwa kawaida mateka wa vita. Yeye aliongoza matowashi wengine wa ikulu.<ref name="pag">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1965_num_35_1_1390 |title=Une enquête historique en pays mossi |author=Robert Pageard |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1965 |language=fr}}</ref> Kwa kuwa hakuwa na watoto, hakushiriki katika mashindano ya urithi wa kiti. Kamsaogho Naba alisimamia nyumba ya wake wa mfalme. Pia alifanya maamuzi fulani ya ikulu ya ndani. Maandiko ya zamani yanasema alitekeleza adhabu dhidi ya viongozi wakuu.<ref name="som" /> Alikuwa msemaji wa wake wa mfalme.<ref name="pag" /> Kwa sababu hiyo, katika mapokeo fulani aliitwa "mke wa kwanza wa Mogho Naaba".<ref name="som" /> Alishiriki pia wakati wa Kourita, kipindi cha mpito baada ya kifo cha Mogho Naaba. Pamoja na wakuu wa ikulu ya ndani, alisaidia kumchagua kiongozi wa kipindi hicho. Kwanza alisikiliza maoni ya Pugh-Tiema, mke wa kwanza wa mfalme aliyefariki.<ref name="tie">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1963_num_33_1_1365 |title=Histoire traditionnelle des Mossi de Ouagadougou |author=Yamba Tiendrébéogo, Robert Pageard |website=Journal de la Société des Africanistes |date=1963 |language=fr}}</ref> == Kazi za leo == Leo, Kamsonghin Naaba ni waziri wa Mogho Naaba anayeshughulikia vijana. Pia ni chifu wa jadi wa mtaa wa Kamsonghin.<ref name="wak">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.wakatsera.com/ouagadougou-chefferie-coutumiere-le-kamsonghin-yarnaaba-boulga-intronise/ |title=Ouagadougou : chefferie coutumière, le Kamsonghin Yarnaaba Boulga intronisé |website=Wakat Séra |date=2023-02-08 |language=fr}}</ref> Kazi zake za hadharani ni za itifaki, za kijamii na za jamii. Wakati Mogho Naaba anapotoka katika sherehe rasmi, Kamsonghin Naaba ndiye wa kwanza kuingia kwake. Huhakikisha kwamba mfalme yuko tayari kabla viongozi wengine hawajaingia.<ref name="lib">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://libreinfo.net/sortie-speciale-moogho-naaba/ |title=15 mai à Ouagadougou : sortie spéciale du Moogho Naaba |website=Libreinfo.net |date=2024-05-15 |language=fr}}</ref> Pia humwakilisha Mogho Naaba katika sherehe za kidini au za jamii. Mwezi Oktoba 2024, alimwakilisha katika sherehe ya Maulidi huko Wagadugu. Alitoa ujumbe wa amani na kuishi pamoja.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2024/10/06/maouloud-2024-cheikh-moaze-ouedraogo-appelle-a-lacceptation-de-lautre/ |title=Maouloud 2024 : Cheikh Moaze Ouédraogo appelle à l'acceptation de l'autre |author=Amidou Ouédraogo |website=Burkina24 |date=2024-10-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Kila mwaka, sikukuu ya ''naabasga'' hukumbuka kusimikwa kwake. Inafanyika katika ikulu ya Kamsonghin. Huwakusanya viongozi wa jadi, wakazi wa mtaa na wageni.<ref name="inf">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.infosculturedufaso.net/nabaasga-le-kamsonghin-naaba-kiiba-fete-ses-six-ans/ |title=Naabasga : le Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba fête ses six ans |author=Ousmane Ouédraogo |website=Infos Culture du Faso |date=2021-06-01 |language=fr}}</ref> == Wenye cheo == Georges Abdoulaye Tassembédo, kwa jina la Kamsonghin Naaba Wilpé N'Daogho, alizaliwa tarehe 7 Machi 1925 na alifariki tarehe 2 Machi 2006. Alikuwa mhudumu wa afya na mbunge. Alikuwa waziri wa Mogho Naaba na msimamizi wa ikulu.<ref name="lf06">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article12786 |title=Décès du Kamsonghin Naaba : un gardien de la tradition s'en est allé |author=Ben Traoré |website=LeFaso.net |date=2006-03-06 |language=fr}}</ref> Kamsonghin Naaba Sanem alimrithi mwezi Aprili 2006. Alizaliwa tarehe 27 Juni 1958 na alifariki tarehe 2 Desemba 2014. Alishiriki katika vikundi vya viongozi wa jadi na wa dini vinavyopinga ukeketaji.<ref name="pays">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lepays.bf/chefferie-coutumiere-le-kamsonghin-naaba-nest-plus/ |title=Chefferie coutumière : le Kamsonghin Naaba n'est plus |author=Hamadi Baro |website=Le Pays |date=2014-12-04 |language=fr}}</ref> Kamsonghin Naaba Kiiba alisimikwa mwaka 2015. Sikukuu yake ya kwanza ya naabasga ilifanyika mwaka 2016.<ref name="inf" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kamsonghin Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] h6lzqnzjtzlgtkbfxlz4d2q434jkbrc 0 257424 1615593 2026-11-08T07:41:59Z Score Beethoven 26647 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox | title = Neem Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa masuala ya kijamii, elimu na ardhi | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Kamboinsé, kaskazini mwa Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Neem Naaba Ritaam II (tangu 2012) }} '''Neem Naaba''' (pia ''Neem Naba'' au ''Neemd Naaba'') ni cheo cha ja...' 1615593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = Neem Naaba | label1 = Aina | data1 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa masuala ya kijamii, elimu na ardhi | label2 = Ufalme | data2 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label3 = Makao | data3 = Kamboinsé, kaskazini mwa Wagadugu | label4 = Nchi | data4 = [[Burkina Faso]] | label5 = Anayemteua | data5 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label6 = Mwenye cheo | data6 = Neem Naaba Ritaam II (tangu 2012) }} '''Neem Naaba''' (pia ''Neem Naba'' au ''Neemd Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni waziri wa Mogho Naaba. Pia ni kiongozi wa jadi wa Kamboinsé, kaskazini mwa Wagadugu. == Kazi == Neem Naaba ni mmoja wa viongozi wa baraza la Mogho Naaba. Pia ana mamlaka ya kimila juu ya Kamboinsé. Hushiriki katika utawala wa jadi wa ufalme wa Wagadugu. Pia anashughulikia uhusiano kati ya ikulu na machifu wa vijiji vya Wagadugu.<ref name="sam">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article87423 |title=Tibo Jean-Paul Tapsoba, député MPP : « La chefferie coutumière a pour essence la politique » |author=Edouard K. Samboé |website=leFaso.net |date=2019-01-09 |language=fr}}</ref> Neem Naaba hushiriki katika masuala ya mshikamano wa jamii, upatanishi na usimamizi wa ardhi. Katika mila ya Wamossi, ardhi ni mali ya jamii nzima. Husimamiwa na machifu wa ardhi, wakuu wa familia na viongozi wengine wa jadi. Neem Naaba hushiriki katika mijadala kuhusu jinsi mila hizi zinavyoweza kwenda pamoja na sheria za kisasa za ardhi.<ref name="fon">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article138184 |title=Burkina/Gestion foncière : Le Neem Naaba appelle à une alliance entre tradition et modernité pour la paix et la cohésion sociale |author=Hamed Nanéma |website=leFaso.net |date=2025-05-16 |language=fr}}</ref> Anaweza kumwakilisha Mogho Naaba katika sherehe za hadhara na shughuli za kitamaduni, kielimu au kijamii.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2025/05/12/competition-nationale-dart-oratoire-des-universites-cnao-u-2025-les-etudiants-sinitient-a-lart-de-la-parole/ |title=Compétition nationale d'art oratoire des universités 2025 : les étudiants s'initient à l'art de la parole |author=Djamila Wombo |website=Burkina24 |date=2025-05-12 |language=fr}}</ref> Pia hushiriki katika kufundisha maadili ya elimu, utamaduni na uraia ya jamii ya Wamossi.<ref name="jct">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article138160 |title=Journée des coutumes et des traditions : l'éducation aux valeurs ancestrales au cœur d'une conférence publique |author=Hamed Nanéma |website=leFaso.net |date=2025-05-16 |language=fr}}</ref> == Urithi == Cheo hiki hurithiwa ndani ya familia ya mwenye cheo. Wanafamilia wanaotarajiwa kurithi huandaliwa kwa ajili ya uongozi wa kimila. Hata hivyo, mwana mkubwa hachukui cheo moja kwa moja. Baada ya kifo cha mwenye cheo, mwanafamilia mmoja huchaguliwa kwa mujibu wa mila.<ref name="sam" /> == Wenye cheo == Tibo Jean-Paul Tapsoba alimrithi baba yake mwaka 2012. Alisimikwa kwa jina la Neem Naaba Ritaam II. Alisomea jiografia, uandishi wa habari na usimamizi wa rasilimali watu. Kabla ya kusimikwa, alikuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Burkina. Baada ya uchaguzi wa wabunge wa mwaka 2015, akawa mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Burkina Faso.<ref name="sam" /> Mwezi Juni 2026, Neem Naaba Ritaam II bado alikuwa na cheo hiki. Alisherehekea ''nabasga'', sikukuu ya kimila ya kufanya upya mamlaka yake.<ref name="rtb">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.facebook.com/rtburkina/posts/1200190182139995/ |title=Le Neem Naaba Ritaam II, roi de Kamboinsé, a célébré son Nabasga |website=Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Burkina (Facebook) |date=2026-06-15 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Neem Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] 7jwxxcmzxmrpruy8mzjp6h6muoo9nu1 1615606 1615593 2026-11-08T07:46:47Z Score Beethoven 26647 1615606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | above = Neem Naaba | abovestyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; font-size:125%; | headerstyle = background:#333399; color:#fff; | image = [[File:People riding throug the street as the sun sets.jpg|250px]] | caption = Barabara ya Kamboinsé wakati wa machweo | header1 = Maelezo | label2 = Aina | data2 = Cheo cha jadi, waziri wa masuala ya kijamii, elimu na ardhi | label3 = Ufalme | data3 = Mossi wa [[Wagadugu]] | label4 = Makao | data4 = Kamboinsé, kaskazini mwa Wagadugu | label5 = Nchi | data5 = [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|20px|border|link=]] [[Burkina Faso]] | label6 = Anayemteua | data6 = [[Mogho Naaba]] | label7 = Mwenye cheo | data7 = Neem Naaba Ritaam II (tangu 2012) }} '''Neem Naaba''' (pia ''Neem Naba'' au ''Neemd Naaba'') ni cheo cha jadi katika baraza la [[Mogho Naaba]], mfalme wa ufalme wa [[Wamossi|Mossi]] wa [[Wagadugu]], nchini [[Burkina Faso]]. Mwenye cheo hiki ni waziri wa Mogho Naaba. Pia ni kiongozi wa jadi wa Kamboinsé, kaskazini mwa Wagadugu. == Kazi == Neem Naaba ni mmoja wa viongozi wa baraza la Mogho Naaba. Pia ana mamlaka ya kimila juu ya Kamboinsé. Hushiriki katika utawala wa jadi wa ufalme wa Wagadugu. Pia anashughulikia uhusiano kati ya ikulu na machifu wa vijiji vya Wagadugu.<ref name="sam">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article87423 |title=Tibo Jean-Paul Tapsoba, député MPP : « La chefferie coutumière a pour essence la politique » |author=Edouard K. Samboé |website=leFaso.net |date=2019-01-09 |language=fr}}</ref> Neem Naaba hushiriki katika masuala ya mshikamano wa jamii, upatanishi na usimamizi wa ardhi. Katika mila ya Wamossi, ardhi ni mali ya jamii nzima. Husimamiwa na machifu wa ardhi, wakuu wa familia na viongozi wengine wa jadi. Neem Naaba hushiriki katika mijadala kuhusu jinsi mila hizi zinavyoweza kwenda pamoja na sheria za kisasa za ardhi.<ref name="fon">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article138184 |title=Burkina/Gestion foncière : Le Neem Naaba appelle à une alliance entre tradition et modernité pour la paix et la cohésion sociale |author=Hamed Nanéma |website=leFaso.net |date=2025-05-16 |language=fr}}</ref> Anaweza kumwakilisha Mogho Naaba katika sherehe za hadhara na shughuli za kitamaduni, kielimu au kijamii.<ref name="b24">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://burkina24.com/2025/05/12/competition-nationale-dart-oratoire-des-universites-cnao-u-2025-les-etudiants-sinitient-a-lart-de-la-parole/ |title=Compétition nationale d'art oratoire des universités 2025 : les étudiants s'initient à l'art de la parole |author=Djamila Wombo |website=Burkina24 |date=2025-05-12 |language=fr}}</ref> Pia hushiriki katika kufundisha maadili ya elimu, utamaduni na uraia ya jamii ya Wamossi.<ref name="jct">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article138160 |title=Journée des coutumes et des traditions : l'éducation aux valeurs ancestrales au cœur d'une conférence publique |author=Hamed Nanéma |website=leFaso.net |date=2025-05-16 |language=fr}}</ref> == Urithi == Cheo hiki hurithiwa ndani ya familia ya mwenye cheo. Wanafamilia wanaotarajiwa kurithi huandaliwa kwa ajili ya uongozi wa kimila. Hata hivyo, mwana mkubwa hachukui cheo moja kwa moja. Baada ya kifo cha mwenye cheo, mwanafamilia mmoja huchaguliwa kwa mujibu wa mila.<ref name="sam" /> == Wenye cheo == Tibo Jean-Paul Tapsoba alimrithi baba yake mwaka 2012. Alisimikwa kwa jina la Neem Naaba Ritaam II. Alisomea jiografia, uandishi wa habari na usimamizi wa rasilimali watu. Kabla ya kusimikwa, alikuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Burkina. Baada ya uchaguzi wa wabunge wa mwaka 2015, akawa mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Burkina Faso.<ref name="sam" /> Mwezi Juni 2026, Neem Naaba Ritaam II bado alikuwa na cheo hiki. Alisherehekea ''nabasga'', sikukuu ya kimila ya kufanya upya mamlaka yake.<ref name="rtb">{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.facebook.com/rtburkina/posts/1200190182139995/ |title=Le Neem Naaba Ritaam II, roi de Kamboinsé, a célébré son Nabasga |website=Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Burkina (Facebook) |date=2026-06-15 |language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Serikali ya jadi ya Mogho Naaba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Neem Naaba}} [[Jamii:Historia ya Burkina Faso]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Burkina Faso]] gzibr3mrp92x36qs413qpkyomdbf4u3 0 257425 1615594 2026-11-08T07:44:37Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Karl Anthony Malone''' (alizaliwa [[24 Julai]] [[1963]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 19 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Utah Jazz na [[Los Angeles Lakers]]. Anajulikana kama "The Mailman" na anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji wakubwa zaidi wa nafasi ya power forward katika historia ya mchezo huo .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Malone Stats|url=https://www.basketball-reference.c...' 1615594 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karl Anthony Malone''' (alizaliwa [[24 Julai]] [[1963]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 19 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Utah Jazz na [[Los Angeles Lakers]]. Anajulikana kama "The Mailman" na anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji wakubwa zaidi wa nafasi ya power forward katika historia ya mchezo huo .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Malone Stats|url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/m/malonka01.html|access-date=November 8, 2020|website=Basketball-Reference.com|language=en|archive-date=February 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220205505/http://www.basketball-reference.com/players/m/malonka01.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kazi == Malone alizaliwa Summerfield, [[Louisiana]]. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Louisiana Tech, ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu. Alichaguliwa na Utah Jazz katika nafasi ya 13 ya jumla katika draft ya 1985. Akiwa na Jazz, alishinda MVP wa ligi mara mbili (1997, 1999) na alishiriki katika All-Star Game mara 14. Pamoja na John Stockton, aliongoza Jazz kufika Fainali ya NBA mara mbili (1997, 1998). Alijiunga na Los Angeles Lakers mwaka 2003 na alistaafu mwaka 2004. Alijiunga na Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame mwaka 2010. Akiwa na timu ya taifa ya Marekani, alishinda medali za dhahabu kwenye Olimpiki ya 1992 na 1996 .<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nba.com/history/nba-at-50/top-50-players |title=NBA at 50: Top 50 Players |website=NBA.com |access-date=January 14, 2022 |archive-date=November 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114192212/https://www.nba.com/history/nba-at-50/top-50-players |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3v6byn6t05uqsx8gqkgfm5gvm3jvfty 0 257426 1615607 2026-11-08T07:47:02Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reginald Wayne Miller''' (alizaliwa [[24 Agosti]] [[1965]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa kikapu wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu yote 18 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Indiana Pacers. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wafungaji bora wa shuti la pointi tatu katika historia ya mchezo huo na alijulikana kwa ushindani wake, hasa dhidi ya New York Knicks .<ref>{{cite news|last=Rhoden|first=William C.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2...' 1615607 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reginald Wayne Miller''' (alizaliwa [[24 Agosti]] [[1965]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa kikapu wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu yote 18 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Indiana Pacers. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wafungaji bora wa shuti la pointi tatu katika historia ya mchezo huo na alijulikana kwa ushindani wake, hasa dhidi ya New York Knicks .<ref>{{cite news|last=Rhoden|first=William C.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/03/sports/sports-of-the-times-miller-leaves-calling-card-for-knicks.html|title=Sports of The Times; Miller Leaves Calling Card For Knicks|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 3, 2000|access-date=January 28, 2008|quote=His three fourth-quarter 3-pointers accomplished something that no other team—no other player—had accomplished during this year's playoffs. Those shots took the Knicks' will. Miller revived his imprimatur as the Knick-killer. He ended a season and may well have ended a Knicks era.|archive-date=February 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225204531/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/03/sports/sports-of-the-times-miller-leaves-calling-card-for-knicks.html|url-status=live|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Clifton|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/18/sports/1995-nba-playoffs-knicks-sweat-it-out-until-end-but-force-game-6.html|title=1995 NBA PLAYOFFS; Knicks Sweat It Out Until End but Force Game 6|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 18, 1995|access-date=January 28, 2008|quote=And Reggie Miller, the Knick-killer, still had one more scare for New York, even after what turned out to be Ewing's game-winning shot.|archive-date=February 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227015702/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/18/sports/1995-nba-playoffs-knicks-sweat-it-out-until-end-but-force-game-6.html|url-status=live|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name=abrams>{{cite news |last=Abrams |first=Jonathan |title=A Big Absence: No Reggie Miller on the Hall's List |date=February 18, 2011 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |page=B9 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/sports/basketball/18hall.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227020311/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/sports/basketball/18hall.html |archive-date=February 27, 2022 |url-status=live |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 15 shooters in NBA history: CBS Sports ranks the greatest of all time, from Stephen Curry to Ray Allen|url=https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/top-15-shooters-in-nba-history-cbs-sports-ranks-the-greatest-of-all-time-from-stephen-curry-to-ray-allen/|date=June 2, 2020|access-date=March 4, 2024|website=CBS Sports|language=en|url-status=live|archive-date=August 10, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810042901/https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/top-15-shooters-in-nba-history-cbs-sports-ranks-the-greatest-of-all-time-from-stephen-curry-to-ray-allen/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Andy |title=Ranking the Top 50 NBA Playoff Performers of All Time |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10124068-ranking-the-top-50-nba-playoff-performers-of-all-time |website=[[Bleacher Report]] |access-date=June 22, 2024 |date=June 18, 2024 |archive-date=September 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240904014056/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10124068-ranking-the-top-50-nba-playoff-performers-of-all-time |url-status=live}}</ref> == Kazi == Miller alizaliwa Riverside, [[California]]. Alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha California, Los Angeles]] (UCLA), ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu. Alichaguliwa na Indiana Pacers katika nafasi ya 11 ya jumla katika draft ya 1987. Akiwa na Pacers, alishiriki katika All-Star Game mara tano na aliongoza timu kufika Fainali ya NBA mwaka 2000. Alistaafu mwaka 2005 na alijiunga na Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame mwaka 2012. Akiwa na timu ya taifa ya Marekani, alishinda medali za dhahabu kwenye Olimpiki ya 1996 na FIBA World Championship mwaka 1994 .<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pressenterprise.com/2012/04/02/nba-reggie-miller-elected-to-hall-of-fame/ |title=NBA: Reggie Miller elected to Hall of Fame |work=[[The Press-Enterprise]] |date=April 2, 2012 |access-date=February 28, 2022 |archive-date=October 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003022750/https://www.pressenterprise.com/2012/04/02/nba-reggie-miller-elected-to-hall-of-fame/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://nba.com/75 |title=NBA 75 |work=NBA.com |date= |access-date=February 28, 2022 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217170248/https://www.nba.com/75 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] smkq0b3nynqj1h3s8e5188apjvhnpnu 1615627 1615607 2026-11-08T09:34:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1615627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reginald Wayne Miller''' (alizaliwa [[24 Agosti]] [[1965]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa kikapu wa [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu yote 18 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Indiana Pacers. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wafungaji bora wa shuti la pointi tatu katika historia ya mchezo huo na alijulikana kwa ushindani wake, hasa dhidi ya New York Knicks .<ref>{{cite news|last=Rhoden|first=William C.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/03/sports/sports-of-the-times-miller-leaves-calling-card-for-knicks.html|title=Sports of The Times; Miller Leaves Calling Card For Knicks|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 3, 2000|access-date=January 28, 2008|quote=His three fourth-quarter 3-pointers accomplished something that no other team—no other player—had accomplished during this year's playoffs. Those shots took the Knicks' will. Miller revived his imprimatur as the Knick-killer. He ended a season and may well have ended a Knicks era.|archive-date=February 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225204531/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/03/sports/sports-of-the-times-miller-leaves-calling-card-for-knicks.html|url-status=live|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Clifton|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/18/sports/1995-nba-playoffs-knicks-sweat-it-out-until-end-but-force-game-6.html|title=1995 NBA PLAYOFFS; Knicks Sweat It Out Until End but Force Game 6|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 18, 1995|access-date=January 28, 2008|quote=And Reggie Miller, the Knick-killer, still had one more scare for New York, even after what turned out to be Ewing's game-winning shot.|archive-date=February 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227015702/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/18/sports/1995-nba-playoffs-knicks-sweat-it-out-until-end-but-force-game-6.html|url-status=live|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name=abrams>{{cite news |last=Abrams |first=Jonathan |title=A Big Absence: No Reggie Miller on the Hall's List |date=February 18, 2011 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |page=B9 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/sports/basketball/18hall.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227020311/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/sports/basketball/18hall.html |archive-date=February 27, 2022 |url-status=live |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Top 15 shooters in NBA history: CBS Sports ranks the greatest of all time, from Stephen Curry to Ray Allen|url=https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/top-15-shooters-in-nba-history-cbs-sports-ranks-the-greatest-of-all-time-from-stephen-curry-to-ray-allen/|date=June 2, 2020|access-date=March 4, 2024|website=CBS Sports|language=en|url-status=live|archive-date=August 10, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810042901/https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/top-15-shooters-in-nba-history-cbs-sports-ranks-the-greatest-of-all-time-from-stephen-curry-to-ray-allen/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Andy |title=Ranking the Top 50 NBA Playoff Performers of All Time |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10124068-ranking-the-top-50-nba-playoff-performers-of-all-time |website=[[Bleacher Report]] |access-date=June 22, 2024 |date=June 18, 2024 |archive-date=September 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240904014056/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10124068-ranking-the-top-50-nba-playoff-performers-of-all-time |url-status=live}}</ref> == Kazi == Miller alizaliwa Riverside, [[California]]. Alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha California, Los Angeles]] (UCLA), ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu. Alichaguliwa na Indiana Pacers katika nafasi ya 11 ya jumla katika draft ya 1987. Akiwa na Pacers, alishiriki katika All-Star Game mara tano na aliongoza timu kufika Fainali ya NBA mwaka 2000. Alistaafu mwaka 2005 na alijiunga na Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame mwaka 2012. Akiwa na timu ya taifa ya Marekani, alishinda medali za dhahabu kwenye Olimpiki ya 1996 na FIBA World Championship mwaka 1994 .<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pressenterprise.com/2012/04/02/nba-reggie-miller-elected-to-hall-of-fame/ |title=NBA: Reggie Miller elected to Hall of Fame |work=[[The Press-Enterprise]] |date=April 2, 2012 |access-date=February 28, 2022 |archive-date=October 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003022750/https://www.pressenterprise.com/2012/04/02/nba-reggie-miller-elected-to-hall-of-fame/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://nba.com/75 |title=NBA 75 |work=NBA.com |date= |access-date=February 28, 2022 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217170248/https://www.nba.com/75 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 30axulv1mtm6qov3m67m3hyd944vwet 0 257427 1615608 2026-11-08T07:50:15Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jason Frederick Kidd''' (alizaliwa [[23 Machi]] [[1973]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa [[Marekani]] na kocha. Alicheza misimu 19 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Dallas Mavericks, Phoenix Suns, New Jersey Nets, na New York Knicks. Alishinda ubingwa wa NBA akiwa na Dallas Mavericks mwaka 2011. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji bora wa nafasi ya ulinzi katika historia ya mchezo huo .<ref>{{cite news |last=...' 1615608 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jason Frederick Kidd''' (alizaliwa [[23 Machi]] [[1973]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] wa [[Marekani]] na kocha. Alicheza misimu 19 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Dallas Mavericks, Phoenix Suns, New Jersey Nets, na New York Knicks. Alishinda ubingwa wa NBA akiwa na Dallas Mavericks mwaka 2011. Anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji bora wa nafasi ya ulinzi katika historia ya mchezo huo .<ref>{{cite news |last=Forsberg |first=Chris |last2=Haynes |first2=Chris |title=Jason Kidd, Steve Nash, Grant Hill to enter Basketball Hall of Fame |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/story/_/id/22955081/steve-nash-jason-kidd-grant-hill-inducted-basketball-hall-fame |access-date=June 28, 2025 |work=ESPN.com |agency=Associated Press |date=March 29, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nba.com/nets/news/2018/03/31/kidd-inducted-into-hof | title=Former Nets All-Star Jason Kidd Inducted Into Hall of Fame | website=NBA.com | date=March 30, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Comeback story by Team USA's 2008 'Redeem Team' immortalized in Springfield |url=https://www.nba.com/news/redeem-team-hall-of-fame-feature-2025 |website=NBA}}</ref> == Kazi == Kidd alizaliwa [[San Francisco, California]]. Alisoma katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha California]], [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu na alitajwa kuwa All-American mwaka 1994. Alichaguliwa na Dallas Mavericks katika nafasi ya pili ya jumla katika draft ya 1994. Akiwa na New Jersey Nets, aliongoza timu kufika Fainali ya NBA mara mbili (2002, 2003). Alishinda ubingwa wa NBA akiwa na Mavericks mwaka 2011. Alishiriki katika All-Star Game mara 10 na alijiunga na Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame mwaka 2018. Baadaye alikua kocha mkuu wa Brooklyn Nets, Milwaukee Bucks, na Dallas Mavericks .<ref>Multiple sources: * {{cite web |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/story/_/page/nbarankPGs/ranking-top-10-point-guards-ever |title=All-time #NBArank: Magic Johnson tops list of greatest point guards |date=January 12, 2016 |publisher=ESPN |access-date=March 22, 2022}} * {{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Andy |date=September 11, 2019 |title=NBA all-time player rankings: Top 10 point guards |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2852716-nba-all-time-player-rankings-top-10-point-guards |access-date=September 11, 2019 |website=Bleacher Report |archive-date=January 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182459/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2852716-nba-all-time-player-rankings-top-10-point-guards |url-status=live}} * {{cite web |url=https://hoopshype.com/lists/20-greatest-point-guards-ever-the-hoopshype-list/ |title=20 greatest point guards ever: The HoopsHype list |date=November 3, 2021 |publisher=hoopshype.com |access-date=March 22, 2022}} * {{cite web |title=NBA 75th Anniversary Team announced |url=https://www.nba.com/news/nba-75th-anniversary-team-announced |publisher=National Basketball Association |access-date=December 29, 2022 |date=October 21, 2021 |archive-date=October 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016202815/https://www.nba.com/news/nba-75th-anniversary-team-announced |url-status=live}} * {{cite web |last=Daubs |first=Kyle |title=The greatest playmakers in NBA history |url=https://fadeawayworld.net/the-greatest-playmakers-in-nba-history |publisher=Fadeaway World |date=November 17, 2022 |access-date=November 17, 2022}} </ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8ds62mg0w8gfgajbasn144yjcuzco89 0 257428 1615610 2026-11-08T07:54:16Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Christian Donald Laettner''' (alizaliwa [[17 Agosti]] [[1969]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 13 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Minnesota Timberwolves, Atlanta Hawks, Detroit Pistons, Dallas Mavericks, Washington Wizards na Miami Heat. Alishinda ubingwa wa NBA akiwa na Miami Heat mwaka 2005<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150429204708/http://www.usab.com/history/nat...' 1615610 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Christian Donald Laettner''' (alizaliwa [[17 Agosti]] [[1969]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa kikapu]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alicheza misimu 13 katika [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) akiwa na Minnesota Timberwolves, Atlanta Hawks, Detroit Pistons, Dallas Mavericks, Washington Wizards na Miami Heat. Alishinda ubingwa wa NBA akiwa na Miami Heat mwaka 2005<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150429204708/http://www.usab.com/history/national-team-mens/mens-tournament-of-the-americas-1992.aspx Men's Tournament of the Americas – 1992], USA Basketball. Retrieved December 6, 2018.</ref><ref name="collegeHOF">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150218023958/http://www.collegebasketballexperience.com/inductees-search-page/111-l/552-christian-laettner Christian Laettner] at the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame</ref><ref name="Last Great Game">{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/7433262/how-christian-laettner-got-duke|title=How can you be that confident?|first=Gene|last=Wojciechowski|author-link=Gene Wojciechowski|work=ESPN.com|date=January 10, 2012|access-date=January 11, 2012}} Excerpted from ''The Last Great Game: Duke vs. Kentucky and the 2.1 Seconds that Changed Basketball'', Blue Rider Books (imprint of Penguin Group USA), 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Rippey|first1=Sharon|title=Ron Torgalski '89 Inducted into Athletic Hall of Fame|url=http://www.hamilton.edu/news/story/ron-torgalski-89-inducted-into-athletic-hall-of-fame|access-date=13 May 2020|publisher=[[Hamilton College (New York)|Hamilton College]]|date=December 19, 2007}}</ref>. == Kazi == Laettner alizaliwa Angola, [[New York]]. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Duke, ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu chini ya kocha Mike Krzyzewski na alishinda mataji mawili ya NCAA (1991, 1992). Alitajwa kuwa Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka wa Chuo Kikuu mwaka 1992. Alichaguliwa na Minnesota Timberwolves katika nafasi ya tatu ya jumla katika draft ya 1992. Alikuwa mwanachama wa timu ya Olimpiki ya Marekani ya 1992 ("Dream Team") na alishinda medali ya dhahabu. Alishiriki katika All-Star Game mwaka 1997 na alistaafu mwaka 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=NewsBank&t=&sort=YMD_date%3AA&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=%22Curtis%20Aiken%22%20924&fld-base-0=alltext&docref=news/0EB194F41B1386AB|title=WHITFIELD SCORES 45 POINTS FOR WNY-RECORD 2,189|work=[[The Buffalo News]]|accessdate=March 31, 2023|date=February 19, 1989 |author=Harrington, Mike|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/461592611|url-access=subscription|id={{ProQuest|461592611}}|title=Talent overflowed in Eighties|publisher=[[McClatchy]]-[[Tribune Content Agency|Tribune Business News]]|author=Dicesare, Bob|accessdate=February 9, 2024|date=February 14, 2009|page=|quote=We read your e-mails and your blog comments, took all your suggestions and observations under advisement.}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wanaume wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 337h9z5kyxq9wwnda93oiz4zfiabiva 3 257429 1615629 2026-11-08T09:48:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615629 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) l755bx3hz1ava56aoym1ueixbr7uone 3 257430 1615630 2026-11-08T09:48:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615630 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) l755bx3hz1ava56aoym1ueixbr7uone 3 257431 1615631 2026-11-08T09:48:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615631 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) l755bx3hz1ava56aoym1ueixbr7uone 3 257432 1615632 2026-11-08T09:48:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615632 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) l755bx3hz1ava56aoym1ueixbr7uone 3 257433 1615633 2026-11-08T09:48:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615633 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) l755bx3hz1ava56aoym1ueixbr7uone 3 257434 1615634 2026-11-08T09:49:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615634 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 3jgmlbqkecomeedg9o1lrram6hl6ixq 3 257435 1615635 2026-11-08T09:49:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615635 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 3jgmlbqkecomeedg9o1lrram6hl6ixq 3 257436 1615636 2026-11-08T09:49:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615636 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 3jgmlbqkecomeedg9o1lrram6hl6ixq 3 257437 1615637 2026-11-08T09:49:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615637 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 3jgmlbqkecomeedg9o1lrram6hl6ixq 3 257438 1615638 2026-11-08T09:49:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615638 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 3jgmlbqkecomeedg9o1lrram6hl6ixq 3 257439 1615639 2026-11-08T09:49:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615639 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 3jgmlbqkecomeedg9o1lrram6hl6ixq 3 257440 1615640 2026-11-08T09:50:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615640 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) f8bycreyobdb2kv0jsh0knv7y1jrvqp 3 257441 1615641 2026-11-08T09:50:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615641 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) f8bycreyobdb2kv0jsh0knv7y1jrvqp 3 257442 1615642 2026-11-08T09:50:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615642 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) f8bycreyobdb2kv0jsh0knv7y1jrvqp 3 257443 1615644 2026-11-08T09:50:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615644 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) f8bycreyobdb2kv0jsh0knv7y1jrvqp 3 257444 1615645 2026-11-08T09:50:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615645 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) f8bycreyobdb2kv0jsh0knv7y1jrvqp 3 257445 1615646 2026-11-08T09:50:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615646 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) f8bycreyobdb2kv0jsh0knv7y1jrvqp 3 257446 1615647 2026-11-08T09:51:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615647 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) qc2bdc44fwbj7w1lb6e3mdrhlc025a6 3 257447 1615649 2026-11-08T09:51:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615649 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) qc2bdc44fwbj7w1lb6e3mdrhlc025a6 3 257448 1615650 2026-11-08T09:51:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615650 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) qc2bdc44fwbj7w1lb6e3mdrhlc025a6 3 257449 1615651 2026-11-08T09:51:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1615651 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) qc2bdc44fwbj7w1lb6e3mdrhlc025a6 3 257450 1615660 2026-11-08T10:21:04Z Muddyb 379 /* Karibu, Nicolas */ mjadala mpya 1615660 wikitext text/x-wiki == Karibu, Nicolas == Kijana wa Kibelgiji. Karibu sana! Naona kazi nzuri inaendelea hapa! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 10:21, 8 Novemba 2026 (UTC) 1kyiwagy81dphez52f2gd4k3de327le