Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3429 52046 50942 2026-07-07T09:43:19Z Bridget Gaboalaswe 12938 52046 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Giraffe standing.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Thutlwa mo Central Kalahari Game Reseve]] Dingwe tsa konokono tse di ngokang bojanala mo [[Botswana]] ke mafelo a tlhokomelo diphologo, go tsoma le go kapa ditshwantsho le gone go le mo teng. Tse dingwe tse di ngokang bojanala di akaretsa lefelo la Okavango Delta <ref>Ross,Karen.(1987).''[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17978845 "Okavango, jewel of the Kalahari"].BBC Books.London.ISBN 0-563-20545-8''.OCLC [https://www.worldcat.org/title/17978845 17978845.]</ref> le le elelang ka metsi segolo jang ka nako ya dipula, ditlhaketlhake le matsha.<ref name=":0">[http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Botswana-TOURISM-TRAVEL-AND-RECREATION.html Nations Encyclopedia]</ref> Lephata la Bojanala le thusitse mo tlhabololong ya itsholelo ya Botswana mo go le ntsheng mo go ikaegeng mo ditsa tlholego tse di tshwanang le diteemane le nama ya kgomo, mme e ne ya re ka ngwaga wa kete pedi le botlhano (2005) la dira ditiro di le dikete di le masome a mabedi le boraro.<ref name=":1">Kajevu,Zeph.2008-04-08''[http://allafrica.com/stories/200804080555.html ."Ranking worries BNPC"].''The Voice.allAfrica.com.Retrieved 2008-04-27</ref> == Tlhabologo ya lephata la bojanala == Lephata la bojanala mo Botswana le simolotse go tlhabologa ka dingwaga tsa 1990.<ref name=":2">Mbaiwa,Joseph E.(April 2005)''."Enclave tourism and its socio-economic impacts in the Okavango Delta, Botswana".Tourism Management.26(2):157–172.[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517703002358?via%3Dihub doi 10.1016/j.tourman.2003.11.005].ISSN [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0261-5177 0261-5177.]''</ref> Borwa jwa Aforeika bo ne jwa itemogela go ritibala ga sepolotiki morago ga go tla bokhutlong ga tlhaolelele le go bulelwa ga ga Nelson Mandela kwa toronkong ka ngwaga wa 1990. Tlhabologo ya dipalamo le maranyane a puisano e ne ya dira gore bojanala mo Botswana bo kgone go gola.<ref name=":2" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, Botswana o ne a dira melao ya bojanala e e neng e ikaelela go oketsa dipalo tsa bajanala, dipoelo tsa puso, le go tlhama ditiro. Molao o ne wa itebaganya le go kgatlha bajanala ba tlhwatlhwa go tswa mafatshefatsheng a tshwana le bo Europa, North America, Australia le New Zealand go oketsa dipoelo. Fa ditiro tse di tlhamilweng di ne tsa oketsega mo lephateng la bojanala,<ref name=":2" /> ditiro tsa maemo a a ko godimo tse di duelang botoka di ne tsa beelwa fa thoko batswakwa. == Ka fa e amileng setshaba le tikologo ka teng == Lefatshe la Botswana le ikaegile ka ditsa tlholego go itshidisa le bojanala.<ref name=":3">Buckley,Ralf C.October 2010.''"Sustainable Tourism in Southern Africa: Local Communities and Natural Resources in Transition".Annals of Tourism Research.37(4):1210–1212.doi [https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0160738310000861 10.1016/j.annals.2010.07.012.].hdl [https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/handle/10072/34433 10072/34433].ISSN [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0160-7383 0160-7383.]''</ref> Tlhaelo le bokoa jwa ditsa tlholego tsa lefatshe di ama thata matshelo a selegae,kwa go dirisiwang metsi le dikgwa.<ref name=":3" /> Letsha la Okavango ke lengwe la mafelo a a itsegeng thata a bojanala ebile e le lengwe la matsha a magolo mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":2" /> Ka le etelwa thata ke bajanala, selo se se bakile kgolo le tlhabologo ya dikago, didirisiwa, le ditirelo mo kgaolong eo go akaretsa dibanka,dihotele, le maemelo a difofane.Le fa go ntsee jalo, batho ba metse e e koo jaka Khwai,Mababe le Sankoyo kwa Okavango ba ngongoregela kiletso ya go dirisa ditsa tlholego kwa Moremi Game Reserve ka ba fekeediwa ke bajanala ba mafatshefatshe le dikompone tse di tswang kwa ntle.<ref name=":2" /> Didirisiwa tsa bojanala mo Botswana di dirisiwa thata ke batswakwa ka jalo ga di dire poelo e ntsi mo mafelong a a gaufi le tsone. Le fa bontsi jwa tse di kgatlhisang di ikaegile ka ditsa tlholego tsa lefatshe, lephata la bojanala le baya dilo tse mo kotsing. Go tla ka bonsti mo mafelong a bojanala go kgona go kgoreletsa diphologo mme mo go bake gore di fudugele kwa mafelong a mangwe a a ka tswang a sa di siamela. Matlakala a tlogelwang ke bajanala a kgona go fetola seemo sa mmu mme a tsise ditshidinyana tse di borai mo kgaolong eo. Dilo tse dingwe tse di dirwang ke bajanala jaaka go pagama mekoro e e bofefo go kgona go kgoreletsa diphologolo tsa mo metsing, fa go tsaya diphologolo le dinonyane dinepe gone go fetola boitshwaro jwa ditshedi dingwe jaaka ka fa di jang ka teng le ka fa di gwelang ka teng.<ref>Moswete,Naomi;Mavondo,Felix T (2003)."Problems facing the tourism industry of Botswana".Botswana Notes and Records.35:69–77.ISSN [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0525-5090 0525-5090].JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40980340 40980340.]</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le lekeleditse mefuta e e farologaneng ya go somarela ditsa tlholego, se se akaretsa tlhokomelo ya diphologo ke batho ba motse (Community based natural resource amanagement) e e ikaegileng ka go akanyetsa gore beng motse ba na le maikarabelo a go dirisa ditsa tlholego sentle fa ba nnang teng go na le go laolwa ke puso. Le fa go ntse jalo, tlhaelo ya didirisiwa le kitso mo magaeng e bakile gore ba ikaege ka thuso ya ba mafatshefatshe go bona maduo a go oketsa dipoelo le katlego mo go somareleng ditsa tlholego.<ref>Mbaiwa,Joseph E.2014-10-31."Institutional Arrangements for Conservation, Development and Tourism in Eastern and Southern Africa".Springer Netherlands.pp 59–80.doi 10.1007/978-94-017-9529-6_4.ISBN 9789401795289</ref> Go atolosa bojanala jwa setso mo Botswana go na le bokgoni jwa go fokotsa tshologelo ya bajanala kwa mafelong mangwe mme gape go lekalekanngwa tlhabololo ya bojanala ka go dira ditshono tse beng gae ba ka tsayang karolo mo istholelong ya bojanala.<ref name=":4">Saarinen,Jarkko;Moswete,Naomi;Monare,Masego J.2014-12-01."''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200711015555/https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/bog/26/26/article-p7.xml Cultural tourism: new opportunities for diversifying the tourism industry in Botswana"].Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series.26(26):7–18.doi [https://apcz.umk.pl/BGSS/article/view/bog-2014-0041/4749 10.2478/bog-2014-0041].ISSN [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:2083-8298 2083-8298]''</ref>Bojanala jwa setso bo dira ditshono tsa gore bajanala ba kgone go ithuta ka botaki,boswa le dingwao tsa batho ba kgaolo eo. Bangwe ba tlhalosa fa se se ka godisa itsholelo ya batho, ga tlhama ditiro le go tlhabolola dikago.<ref name=":4" /> Bojanala jwa magae bo itebagantse gape le go supa botshelo jwa mo gae le dilo tsa Setswana tse di dirilweng ka diatla, se se tla berekela bomme ka dinako tse dintsi ba kgapelwa thoko mo dipoelong tsa bojanala.<ref name=":5">Moswete,Naomi;Lacey,Gary (2012).''"'Women Cannot Lead': Empowering Women Through Cultural Tourism in Botswana".SSRN Working Paper Series.doi [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2205354 10.2139/ssrn.2205354].ISSN [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1556-5068 1556-5068.S2CID] [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/'Women-Cannot-Lead'%3A-Empowering-Women-Through-in-Moswete-Lacey/3754213997e1b6c4d43fe4e063c715a5715f4fc7 153398421]''</ref> Dipoelo tsa bojanala jwa magae di tlhama di tshono tsa go ruta bomme ditiro tsa diatla le bogwebi. Go nna le ditiro mo metseng ya bone go letla bomme go dira ditiro tsa bone tsa lolwapa mme gape ba itirela madi a bone.<ref name=":5" /> ==Mafelo a a Kgatlhang Baeti== ===Mafelo a Boitapoloso=== ====Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari ==== {{main|Central Kalahari Game Reserve}} Central Kalahari ke lefelo le letona la diphologolo mo sekakeng sa [[Kalahari]] mo [[Botswana]]. Ka ngwaga wa [[1961]] le ne la simolodisiwa le na le bophara jwa sekgele sa dikete tse di masome a matlhano bobedi le makgolo a robabobedi (52,800 km) le go dira go nna lefelo la bobedi le letona mo lobopong lotlhe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080424123744/http://www.botswana-tourism.gov.bw/attractions/central.html Central Kalahari Game Reserve - Attractions - Tourism of Botswana<!--Bot generated title-->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424123744/http://www.botswana-tourism.gov.bw/attractions/central.html|date=2008-04-24}}</ref> Go na le diphologolo tsa naga jaaka dithutlwa, manyau,nkwe,ntsha tsa naga, mangau, ditau le tse dingwe fela jalo. ====Lefelo la Boitapoloso la Chobe National==== {{main|Chobe National Park}} Chobe National e e mo bokone bophirima jwa Botswana, e na le diphologolo tse di dintsi thata mo [[Aferika]]. Ke lefelo la boraro la boitapoloso le letona mo lefatsheng morago ga la Central Kalahari Game Reserve le Gemsbok,ke lone le le nang le dilo ka go farologana. Ke lefelo la ntlha la boitapoloso mo lefatsheng. ====Lefelo la Boiketlo la Kgalagadi Transfrontier==== {{main|Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park}} Kgalagadi Transfrontier ke lefelo le letona mo Aferika yo o mo Borwa le go tlhokomelwang diphologolo tsa naga teng. Lefelo le, le fa gare ga lefatshe la [[Aferika Borwa]] le la Botswana, gona le la Kalahari Gemsbok le le mo Afericka borwa, le la Gemsbok le le mo Botswana. Bophara ba lefelo le bo dikete tse di masome a mararo le boferabobedi (38000). Bontsi ba lefatshe bo mo Botswana go na le Aferika Borwa. ==Tshedimosetso ya Bajanala== Molao motheo wa puso ya Botswana mo go tlhokomeleng tsa bojanala o ne wa dirwa e le leano la go rotloetsa bojanala le tshireletso mafelo a diphologolo tsa naga. Banni ba United States,Aferika Borwa, mafatshhe a selekane le a bophirima jwa Europe ga ba tlhoke visa fa ba eta malatsi a a kwa tlase ga masome a ferabongwe le bongwe. Go tlhokega pasa go tsaya leeto mo lefatsheng. Bajanala ba ba tswang kwa mafelong a a amegileng ba tshwanetse go rurifatsa fa ba tsere mekento ya letshololo le letshoroma le legolo.<ref name=":0" /> Ba mafatshe fatshe ba tsa mesepele le bojanala ba ne ba baya lefatshe la Botswana mo maemong a bo masome a ferabobedi le bosupa (87) mo go a le lekgolo le masome a mararo,morago ga dikgaisano tsa mesepele le bojanala tsa ngwaga wa 2008. l Dipalo tseo di ne tsa galaletsa thata bojanala mo Botswana, dikgwetlho tse di lebaneng bojanala jaaka ditlhaelo tsa maranyane, seemo sa bophepha se se sa itumediseng, ditsela le ditlhaeletsanyo di ne tsa baka go tlhoka go dira sentle.<ref name=":1" /> ==Dipalo== Ka ngwaga wa 1999, matlo a borobalo a ne a le dikete tse pedi le lekgolo (2,100),malao a le dikete tse tharo makgolo a supa le masome a mabedi (3,720).Bajanala go tswa mo mafatsheng a Aferika mo ngwageng eo ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana ka dipalo di ka feta 720,000. Dipoelo tsa bojanala mo ngwageng wa 2000 di ne di le diketekete di le 313 (313 million). Ka ngwaga wa 2003, US Department of State e ne ya akanyetsa gore tlhwatlhwa ya go nna mo ntlong ya boitapoloso kwa Gaborone ke di dollara di le 129. Ditlhwatlwa mo mafelong a mangwe mo lefatsheng di kwa tlase ka didolara tsa America di le masome a matlhano.<ref name=":0" />. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafelo a babalesegileng go le etela mo Aforika.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20220330035925/http://risk.confero.info/travel-risks/Botswana "Travel Risk Index: Botswana]''".Archived from on 2013-02-18.Retrieved 2012-08-10.</ref>Bontsi jwa baeng ba ba neng ba tsile go iphokisa phefo ka ngwaga wa 2014, ba ne ba tswa kwa mafatsheng a a latelang: <ref>Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20160807001052/http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Tourism%20Statistics%20Annual%20%20%20Report%20%202014.pdf the original] on 2016-08-07.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Maemo !Lefatshe !Nomoro |- |1 |Aforika Borwa |68,519 |- |2 |Amerika |38,522 |- |3 |Geremane |26,151 |- |4 |Ga Mma Mosadinyana |20,601 |- |5 |Zimbabwe |18,285 |- |6 |Australia |13,822 |- |7 |Netherlands |8,909 |- |8 |Japan |8,857 |- |9 |Fora |7,992 |- |10 |Canada |7,255 |- | colspan="2" |Dipalo tsotlhe |274,701 |} ==Metswedi== {{reflist}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080705143931/http://www.botswana-tourism.gov.bw/ Bojanala mo Lefatsheng la Botswana] {{Economy of Botswana}} {{Tourism in Africa}} [[Category:Bojanala mo lefatsheng la Botswana]] [[Category:Bojanala mo Aferika]] jy75zbp3e9odzhyeenxf6xjfy62v9n7 0 3629 52045 37233 2026-07-07T09:36:08Z Laone A Mompati 12941 52045 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana traditional baskets.jpg|thumb|Botswana traditional basket]] Morefhe mongwe le mongwe o nale ngwao e ele wa yone mo go rayang gore ngwao e kgona go tshwana ebile ea farologana.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana#Culture</ref> Go sa amanwe gope le teme epe ya morafhe ope fela mo Botswana, Setswana ke leatlhoda le le dirisetswang go kaya fa morefhe mongwe le mongwe ele leloko la banni ba Botswana.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana#Culture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana#Culture]</ref> ==Bothakga jwa Batswana== [[Setshwantsho:Traditional House at the national museum Botswana.jpg|thumb|ntlo ya setswana kwa national museum Botswana]] Kwa Bokone jwa lefashe la Botswana.bo mme ba mage a koo(Etsha and Gumare) ba lemogiwa bothakga jwa go dira sesigo go tswa ditlhareng tsa naga. Disigo tse di dirilwe di farologanye ele mefuta ele meraro; e tona e nale sthibo go beeletsa, ee nngwe go belega dithoto mo thlogong. Go dirweng ga disisgo tse go oketswa boleng ka takiwa le go thatosiwa ka fa di dirwang ka teng kajaanong di direlwa kgwebo. <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana#Culture</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Botswana|Culture]] reucd0e6c09cnvx3jd5ra3yywhz9ot2 52048 52045 2026-07-07T09:58:27Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328682061|Culture of Botswana]]" 52048 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana_traditional_baskets.jpg|thumb|Ditlatlana ]] [[Setshwantsho:Traditional_House_at_the_national_museum_Botswana.jpg|thumb|Ntlo ya Setswana kwa motlobong wa ditso tsa Setswana]] [[Setshwantsho:Magadi_in_Kang.jpg|thumb|Magadi (lenyalo la setso)]] Kwa ntle ga go supa teme ya ditlhopha tsa batho tse di remeletseng mo [[Botswana]], ''[[Setswana]]'' ke letlhaodi le le dirisiwang go tlhalosa khumo ya ditso tsa ngwao ya Batswana - le fa e ka tswa e le maloko a merafe [[Setswana|ya Setswana]] kgotsa ya baagi fela botlhe ba lefatshe la Botswana. ndu6zcqezybqbqsbv1p7nvr0cu8hxpw 52071 52048 2026-07-07T11:52:20Z Laone A Mompati 12941 Ke baakantse thanolo#wikipedia25bw 52071 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana_traditional_baskets.jpg|thumb|Ditlatlana ]] [[Setshwantsho:Traditional_House_at_the_national_museum_Botswana.jpg|thumb|Ntlo ya Setswana kwa motlobong wa ditso tsa Setswana]] [[Setshwantsho:Magadi_in_Kang.jpg|thumb|Magadi (lenyalo la setso)]] Kwa ntle ga go supa teme ya ditlhopha tsa batho tse di remeletseng mo [[Botswana]], ''[[Setswana]]'' ke letlhaodi le le dirisiwang go tlhalosa khumo ya ditso tsa ngwao ya Batswana - le fa e ka tswa e le maloko a merafe [[Setswana|ya Setswana]] kgotsa ya baagi fela botlhe ba lefatshe la Botswana. batswana ba dumela ngwaong e nonofileng ya Botho-Ubuntu, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Batho ga ba ikemela ka bonosi, ba tshela ka go ipelega, mme ele karolo ya sechaba, ba tshela mmogo ebile ba belegana.<ref>Turaki, Y.: 2006, Foundations of African Traditional Religion and Worldview (Word Alive Publishers, Nairobi).</ref> Batswana ba dumela mo go dirisaneng mmogo le go bopagana mmogo. == Metswedi == 9d9lm47gu205j2aicy83uef60e7bjb7 0 8633 52044 41378 2026-07-07T09:33:12Z Refilwe Connie 12933 52044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Company|name=Debswana Diamond Company Limited|company_type=[[Limited company|Limited]]|industry=Mining|predecessors=De Beers Botswana Mining Company|hq_location_city=[[Gaborone]]|hq_location_country=[[Botswana]]|area_served=Worldwide|key_people='''Bruce Cleaver'''<br/>[[Chairman]]<br/> [[Andrew Maatla Motsomi]]<br/>[[Managing Director]]<ref name="1R">{{cite web |work=[[De Beers|De Beers Group]] |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |title=Debswana Diamond Company appoints Andrew Maatla Motsomi as Managing Director |date=22 May 2022 |author=De Beers Group |access-date=28 September 2022 |location=London, United Kingdom |archive-date=10 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210201833/https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |url-status=dead }}</ref>|products=Diamonds<br/>Coal|owner=[[Government of Botswana]] (50%) and [[De Beers]] (50%)|num_employees=6,400 (2020)<ref name="2R">{{cite web| title=Fast Facts: All Items: Debswana |publisher=Debswana Diamond Mines Limited |url=http://www.debswana.com/about-us/lists/fast%20facts/allitems.aspx |date=10 May 2020 | author=Debswana |access-date=10 May 2020 |location=Gaborone}}</ref>|website=[http://www.debswana.com/ debswana.com]}} Debswana Diamond Company Limited e itseng ka leina khutswe la Debswana, ke kompone ya moepo kwa [[Botswana]], e e ntshang diteemane tsa boleng jo bo gaisang mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref name=":0">Mining Technology(May 2020).''[https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/debswana/ "Debswana Diamond Mines"].''Mining-technology.com.London.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e na le meepo ya teemane e le mene kwa dikgaolong tsa botlhaba le legare la Botswana, le moepo wa magala.<ref name=":0" /> Debswana ke kompone e e pataganetsweng ke goromente wa Botswana le kompone ya diteemane kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] ya [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]], bobedi bo kgaogana dipoelo tsa kompone ka go lekalekana.<ref name=":0" /> == Meepo == Meepo e e mo taolong ya Debswana ke e e latelang: * Ya diteemane ** [[:en:Orapa_diamond_mine|Orapa diamond mine]], o butswe ka ngwaga ya sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bongwe(1971).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">''[https://web.archive.org/web/20201025015525/http://www.debswana.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-History.aspx "Debswana History"].''www.debswana.com.Retrieved 2021-05-27.</ref> ** Letlhakane diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga wa 1975<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ** [[:en:Jwaneng_diamond_mine|Jwaneng diamond mine]], o simolotse go bereka ka ngwaga wa 1982<ref name=":0" /> ** Damtshaa diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga ya 2003<ref name=":0" /> * Ya magala ** [[:en:Morupule_Colliery|Morupule Colliery]], o butswe ka 1973<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == Kompone ya Debswana e simolotse e le [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]] Botswana Mining Company ka ngwaga wa 1968,<ref name=":1" /> kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ele malatsi a le masome mabedi le boraro, morago ga gore modupa maje wa De Beers a tlhaole maje a a nang le diteemane kwa [[Orapa]] ka dingwaga tsa 1960. Dingwaga tse tlhano morago ga foo, puso ya Botswana ya oketsa seabe sa yone go tswa kwa go 15% go ya kwa go 50% . Ka ngwgaa wa 1992, kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele masome mabedi le botlhano, leina la kompone la fetoga go nna Debswana Diamond Company (Proprietary) Limited. Maikaelelo a kompone ke go epa ditemane le tsotlhe tse di amanang le tsone. Kompone ya Debswana e eteletse pele meepo ya Orapa, [[Letlhakane]], [[Toropo ya Jwaneng|Jwaneng]] le Damtshaa. Meepo ka bone jwa yone e nnile le seabe se segolo mo go kgolong ya itsholelo ka poelo ya diteemane, e fetotse lefatshe la Botswana mo go ikaegeng ka temothuo ka dingwaga tsa 1960 go nna lefatshe le le nang le kgolo ya itsholelo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Debswana(2020).''[http://www.debswana.com/ "About Debswana Diamond Company"].''Debswana Limited.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e ne ya upolola teemane ya boleng jwa 1,098 carat mo Botswana ka ngwaga wa 2021 kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Go dumelwa fa e le lejwana la boraro ka bogolo go epiwa. == Letseno le Dipoelo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !<big>Ngwaga</big> !<big>Letseno (Billion US$)</big> !<big>Boleng bobo ntshitsweng (carats)</big> !<big>Letseno ka ngwaga</big> |- |2011<ref name=":2">Mbongeni Mguni (1 August 2013).''[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=134&dir=2013/August/Thursday1 "Government Revenues From Debswana Bear P6 Billion"].Mmegi Online.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.''</ref> |1.08 |22,900,000 | |- |2012<ref name=":2" /> |0.7 |20,200,000 |35% |} == Seabe mo itsholelong == Ditirelo tsa go epa diteemane di tlhotlheleditse kgolo ya istholelo ya Botswana thata, e letla gore e gole go tswa mo go nneng lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka nako ya fa le tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966 go nna lefatshe le le mo maemong a a fa gare mo itsholelong, le na le letseno la $9,200.00 ka ngwaga wa 2004. Lefatshe le na le maikaelelo a go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a kwa godimo mo itsholelong ka ngwaga wa 2036.<ref name=":3">World Bank (10 May 2020).''[https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/botswana/overview "Overview of Botswana"].''World Bank.Washington, DC.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, ditirelo tsa go beeletsa madi tse dikgolo di le pedi di bona lefatshe la Botswana e le lefatshe le go babalesegileng go le adimisa madi mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. Bongwe mo borarong jwa dipoelo tsa lefatshe ke tsa diteemane. Kompone ya Debswana ke yone kompone e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e hirang batho ba bantsi go gaisa tse dingwe mo lefatsheng la Botswana, e firile batho ba ka tshwara dikete tse thataro le makgolo a le mane, 93% ya bone e le [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|Batswana.]]<ref name=":3" /> == Go tshwaiwa diphoso == Kompone ya Debswana e tshwailwe diphoso ke mokgatlho wa [[:en:Survival_International|Survival International]] wa mafatshefatshe o o lwelang ditshwanelo tsa beng gae, go bo ba sa tlotla ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa [[Basarwa]] ba ba nnang kwa Botswana. Fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa 1980, mokgatlho o o kwadile dipego tsa gore puso ya Botswana e dirile letsholo la tlhorontsho go ba ntsha mo lefelo leo gore go diriwe dipatlisiso tsa moepo. Moeteledipele wa pele wa Debswana [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Nchindo]] o rile " Puso e na le tshiamelo mo go fuduseng Basarwa kwa lefelong leo la tlhokomelo diphologolo...go maleba gore puso e tseye tshwetso e o. Fa e seng jalo ke mang o o ka batlang go sala mo fifing fa ba bangwe ba tswelela pele?"<ref>Survival International (31 March 2003).''[https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/37 "Bushman Land Carved Up for Diamond Exploration"].''Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Stephen_Corry|Stephen Corry]], mogogi wa Survival International, Basarwa ga ba a siiwa ke dinako, ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa setho le tsa setso di tshwanetse go tlotliwa. Puso ya Botswana e ganetsa magatwe a e bua fa ele go feteletsa. Go santse go sena bosupi jwa go epa ga kompone ya Debswana kwa [[:en:Central_Kalahari_Game_Reserve|Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] ka kompone e butse meepo go sele jaaka kwa Jwaneng,Orapa,Letlhakane le Damtshaa.<ref>Survival International Archives(2005).''[https://web.archive.org/web/20221205111749/https://www.survivalinternational.org/material/451 "Survival and the Bushmen of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve: 39 questions"]''.Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> == Bona gape tse di latelang == * [[:en:Diamonds_as_an_investment|Dipeeletso ka diteemane]] * [[:en:Economy_of_Botswana|Itsholelo ya lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Goodwill Nchindo]] * [[:en:Lynette_Armstrong|Lynette Armstrong]] == Metswedi == fez8ne699iarvxlihqo46erwkb2jro5 52050 52044 2026-07-07T10:07:51Z Refilwe Connie 12933 O tsentse kgokagano ya tshupiso ya lefoko #Wikipedia25BW 52050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Company|name=Debswana Diamond Company Limited|company_type=[[Limited company|Limited]]|industry=Mining|predecessors=De Beers Botswana Mining Company|hq_location_city=[[Gaborone]]|hq_location_country=[[Botswana]]|area_served=Worldwide|key_people='''Bruce Cleaver'''<br/>[[Chairman]]<br/> [[Andrew Maatla Motsomi]]<br/>[[Managing Director]]<ref name="1R">{{cite web |work=[[De Beers|De Beers Group]] |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |title=Debswana Diamond Company appoints Andrew Maatla Motsomi as Managing Director |date=22 May 2022 |author=De Beers Group |access-date=28 September 2022 |location=London, United Kingdom |archive-date=10 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210201833/https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |url-status=dead }}</ref>|products=Diamonds<br/>Coal|owner=[[Government of Botswana]] (50%) and [[De Beers]] (50%)|num_employees=6,400 (2020)<ref name="2R">{{cite web| title=Fast Facts: All Items: Debswana |publisher=Debswana Diamond Mines Limited |url=http://www.debswana.com/about-us/lists/fast%20facts/allitems.aspx |date=10 May 2020 | author=Debswana |access-date=10 May 2020 |location=Gaborone}}</ref>|website=[http://www.debswana.com/ debswana.com]}} Debswana Diamond Company Limited e itsegeng ka leina khutswe la Debswana, ke [[:en:Mining|kompone ya moepo]] kwa [[Botswana]], e e ntshang diteemane tsa boleng jo bo gaisang mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref name=":0">Mining Technology(May 2020).''[https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/debswana/ "Debswana Diamond Mines"].''Mining-technology.com.London.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e na le meepo ya teemane e le mene kwa dikgaolong tsa botlhaba le legare la Botswana, le moepo wa magala.<ref name=":0" /> Debswana ke kompone e e pataganetsweng ke goromente wa Botswana le kompone ya diteemane kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] ya [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]], bobedi bo kgaogana dipoelo tsa kompone ka go lekalekana.<ref name=":0" /> == Meepo == Meepo e e mo taolong ya Debswana ke e e latelang: * Ya diteemane ** [[:en:Orapa_diamond_mine|Orapa diamond mine]], o butswe ka ngwaga ya sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bongwe(1971).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">''[https://web.archive.org/web/20201025015525/http://www.debswana.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-History.aspx "Debswana History"].''www.debswana.com.Retrieved 2021-05-27.</ref> ** Letlhakane diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga wa 1975<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ** [[:en:Jwaneng_diamond_mine|Jwaneng diamond mine]], o simolotse go bereka ka ngwaga wa 1982<ref name=":0" /> ** Damtshaa diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga ya 2003<ref name=":0" /> * Ya magala ** [[:en:Morupule_Colliery|Morupule Colliery]], o butswe ka 1973<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == Kompone ya Debswana e simolotse e le [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]] Botswana Mining Company ka ngwaga wa 1968,<ref name=":1" /> kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ele malatsi a le masome mabedi le boraro, morago ga gore modupa maje wa De Beers a tlhaole maje a a nang le diteemane kwa [[Orapa]] ka dingwaga tsa 1960. Dingwaga tse tlhano morago ga foo, puso ya Botswana ya oketsa seabe sa yone go tswa kwa go 15% go ya kwa go 50% . Ka ngwgaa wa 1992, kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele masome mabedi le botlhano, leina la kompone la fetoga go nna Debswana Diamond Company (Proprietary) Limited. Maikaelelo a kompone ke go epa ditemane le tsotlhe tse di amanang le tsone. Kompone ya Debswana e eteletse pele meepo ya Orapa, [[Letlhakane]], [[Toropo ya Jwaneng|Jwaneng]] le Damtshaa. Meepo ka bone jwa yone e nnile le seabe se segolo mo go kgolong ya itsholelo ka poelo ya diteemane, e fetotse lefatshe la Botswana mo go ikaegeng ka temothuo ka dingwaga tsa 1960 go nna lefatshe le le nang le kgolo ya itsholelo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Debswana(2020).''[http://www.debswana.com/ "About Debswana Diamond Company"].''Debswana Limited.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e ne ya upolola teemane ya boleng jwa 1,098 carat mo Botswana ka ngwaga wa 2021 kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Go dumelwa fa e le lejwana la boraro ka bogolo go epiwa. == Letseno le Dipoelo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !<big>Ngwaga</big> !<big>Letseno (Billion US$)</big> !<big>Boleng bobo ntshitsweng (carats)</big> !<big>Letseno ka ngwaga</big> |- |2011<ref name=":2">Mbongeni Mguni (1 August 2013).''[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=134&dir=2013/August/Thursday1 "Government Revenues From Debswana Bear P6 Billion"].Mmegi Online.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.''</ref> |1.08 |22,900,000 | |- |2012<ref name=":2" /> |0.7 |20,200,000 |35% |} == Seabe mo itsholelong == Ditirelo tsa go epa diteemane di tlhotlheleditse kgolo ya istholelo ya Botswana thata, e letla gore e gole go tswa mo go nneng lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka nako ya fa le tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966 go nna lefatshe le le mo maemong a a fa gare mo itsholelong, le na le letseno la $9,200.00 ka ngwaga wa 2004. Lefatshe le na le maikaelelo a go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a kwa godimo mo itsholelong ka ngwaga wa 2036.<ref name=":3">World Bank (10 May 2020).''[https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/botswana/overview "Overview of Botswana"].''World Bank.Washington, DC.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, ditirelo tsa go beeletsa madi tse dikgolo di le pedi di bona lefatshe la Botswana e le lefatshe le go babalesegileng go le adimisa madi mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. Bongwe mo borarong jwa dipoelo tsa lefatshe ke tsa diteemane. Kompone ya Debswana ke yone kompone e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e hirang batho ba bantsi go gaisa tse dingwe mo lefatsheng la Botswana, e firile batho ba ka tshwara dikete tse thataro le makgolo a le mane, 93% ya bone e le [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|Batswana.]]<ref name=":3" /> == Go tshwaiwa diphoso == Kompone ya Debswana e tshwailwe diphoso ke mokgatlho wa [[:en:Survival_International|Survival International]] wa mafatshefatshe o o lwelang ditshwanelo tsa beng gae, go bo ba sa tlotla ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa [[Basarwa]] ba ba nnang kwa Botswana. Fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa 1980, mokgatlho o o kwadile dipego tsa gore puso ya Botswana e dirile letsholo la tlhorontsho go ba ntsha mo lefelo leo gore go diriwe dipatlisiso tsa moepo. Moeteledipele wa pele wa Debswana [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Nchindo]] o rile " Puso e na le tshiamelo mo go fuduseng Basarwa kwa lefelong leo la tlhokomelo diphologolo...go maleba gore puso e tseye tshwetso e o. Fa e seng jalo ke mang o o ka batlang go sala mo fifing fa ba bangwe ba tswelela pele?"<ref>Survival International (31 March 2003).''[https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/37 "Bushman Land Carved Up for Diamond Exploration"].''Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Stephen_Corry|Stephen Corry]], mogogi wa Survival International, Basarwa ga ba a siiwa ke dinako, ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa setho le tsa setso di tshwanetse go tlotliwa. Puso ya Botswana e ganetsa magatwe a e bua fa ele go feteletsa. Go santse go sena bosupi jwa go epa ga kompone ya Debswana kwa [[:en:Central_Kalahari_Game_Reserve|Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] ka kompone e butse meepo go sele jaaka kwa Jwaneng,Orapa,Letlhakane le Damtshaa.<ref>Survival International Archives(2005).''[https://web.archive.org/web/20221205111749/https://www.survivalinternational.org/material/451 "Survival and the Bushmen of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve: 39 questions"]''.Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> == Bona gape tse di latelang == * [[:en:Diamonds_as_an_investment|Dipeeletso ka diteemane]] * [[:en:Economy_of_Botswana|Itsholelo ya lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Goodwill Nchindo]] * [[:en:Lynette_Armstrong|Lynette Armstrong]] == Metswedi == 81vm5ei0t45hfm43ossl8f5ic9msv9i 52059 52050 2026-07-07T10:38:31Z Refilwe Connie 12933 Paakanyo ya serapa #Wikipedia25BW 52059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Company|name=Debswana Diamond Company Limited|company_type=[[Limited company|Limited]]|industry=Mining|predecessors=De Beers Botswana Mining Company|hq_location_city=[[Gaborone]]|hq_location_country=[[Botswana]]|area_served=Worldwide|key_people='''Bruce Cleaver'''<br/>[[Chairman]]<br/> [[Andrew Maatla Motsomi]]<br/>[[Managing Director]]<ref name="1R">{{cite web |work=[[De Beers|De Beers Group]] |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |title=Debswana Diamond Company appoints Andrew Maatla Motsomi as Managing Director |date=22 May 2022 |author=De Beers Group |access-date=28 September 2022 |location=London, United Kingdom |archive-date=10 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210201833/https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |url-status=dead }}</ref>|products=Diamonds<br/>Coal|owner=[[Government of Botswana]] (50%) and [[De Beers]] (50%)|num_employees=6,400 (2020)<ref name="2R">{{cite web| title=Fast Facts: All Items: Debswana |publisher=Debswana Diamond Mines Limited |url=http://www.debswana.com/about-us/lists/fast%20facts/allitems.aspx |date=10 May 2020 | author=Debswana |access-date=10 May 2020 |location=Gaborone}}</ref>|website=[http://www.debswana.com/ debswana.com]}} Debswana Diamond Company Limited e itsegeng ka leina khutswe la Debswana, ke [[:en:Mining|kompone ya moepo]] kwa [[Botswana]], e e ntshang diteemane tsa boleng jo bo gaisang mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref name=":0">Mining Technology(May 2020).''[https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/debswana/ "Debswana Diamond Mines"].''Mining-technology.com.London.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e na le meepo ya teemane e le mene kwa dikgaolong tsa botlhaba le bogare jwa Botswana, gammogo le moepo wa malatlha .<ref name=":0" /> Debswana ke kompone e e kopanetsweng magareng ga puso ya Botswana le kompone ya diteemane kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] ya [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]], bobedi bo kgaogana dipoelo tsa kompone ka go lekalekana.<ref name=":0" /> == Meepo == Meepo e e mo taolong ya Debswana ke e e latelang: * Ya diteemane ** [[:en:Orapa_diamond_mine|Orapa diamond mine]], o butswe ka ngwaga ya sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bongwe(1971).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">''[https://web.archive.org/web/20201025015525/http://www.debswana.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-History.aspx "Debswana History"].''www.debswana.com.Retrieved 2021-05-27.</ref> ** Letlhakane diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga wa 1975<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ** [[:en:Jwaneng_diamond_mine|Jwaneng diamond mine]], o simolotse go bereka ka ngwaga wa 1982<ref name=":0" /> ** Damtshaa diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga ya 2003<ref name=":0" /> * Ya magala ** [[:en:Morupule_Colliery|Morupule Colliery]], o butswe ka 1973<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == Kompone ya Debswana e simolotse e le [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]] Botswana Mining Company ka ngwaga wa 1968,<ref name=":1" /> kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ele malatsi a le masome mabedi le boraro, morago ga gore modupa maje wa De Beers a tlhaole maje a a nang le diteemane kwa [[Orapa]] ka dingwaga tsa 1960. Dingwaga tse tlhano morago ga foo, puso ya Botswana ya oketsa seabe sa yone go tswa kwa go 15% go ya kwa go 50% . Ka ngwgaa wa 1992, kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele masome mabedi le botlhano, leina la kompone la fetoga go nna Debswana Diamond Company (Proprietary) Limited. Maikaelelo a kompone ke go epa ditemane le tsotlhe tse di amanang le tsone. Kompone ya Debswana e eteletse pele meepo ya Orapa, [[Letlhakane]], [[Toropo ya Jwaneng|Jwaneng]] le Damtshaa. Meepo ka bone jwa yone e nnile le seabe se segolo mo go kgolong ya itsholelo ka poelo ya diteemane, e fetotse lefatshe la Botswana mo go ikaegeng ka temothuo ka dingwaga tsa 1960 go nna lefatshe le le nang le kgolo ya itsholelo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Debswana(2020).''[http://www.debswana.com/ "About Debswana Diamond Company"].''Debswana Limited.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e ne ya upolola teemane ya boleng jwa 1,098 carat mo Botswana ka ngwaga wa 2021 kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Go dumelwa fa e le lejwana la boraro ka bogolo go epiwa. == Letseno le Dipoelo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !<big>Ngwaga</big> !<big>Letseno (Billion US$)</big> !<big>Boleng bobo ntshitsweng (carats)</big> !<big>Letseno ka ngwaga</big> |- |2011<ref name=":2">Mbongeni Mguni (1 August 2013).''[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=134&dir=2013/August/Thursday1 "Government Revenues From Debswana Bear P6 Billion"].Mmegi Online.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.''</ref> |1.08 |22,900,000 | |- |2012<ref name=":2" /> |0.7 |20,200,000 |35% |} == Seabe mo itsholelong == Ditirelo tsa go epa diteemane di tlhotlheleditse kgolo ya istholelo ya Botswana thata, e letla gore e gole go tswa mo go nneng lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka nako ya fa le tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966 go nna lefatshe le le mo maemong a a fa gare mo itsholelong, le na le letseno la $9,200.00 ka ngwaga wa 2004. Lefatshe le na le maikaelelo a go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a kwa godimo mo itsholelong ka ngwaga wa 2036.<ref name=":3">World Bank (10 May 2020).''[https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/botswana/overview "Overview of Botswana"].''World Bank.Washington, DC.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, ditirelo tsa go beeletsa madi tse dikgolo di le pedi di bona lefatshe la Botswana e le lefatshe le go babalesegileng go le adimisa madi mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. Bongwe mo borarong jwa dipoelo tsa lefatshe ke tsa diteemane. Kompone ya Debswana ke yone kompone e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e hirang batho ba bantsi go gaisa tse dingwe mo lefatsheng la Botswana, e firile batho ba ka tshwara dikete tse thataro le makgolo a le mane, 93% ya bone e le [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|Batswana.]]<ref name=":3" /> == Go tshwaiwa diphoso == Kompone ya Debswana e tshwailwe diphoso ke mokgatlho wa [[:en:Survival_International|Survival International]] wa mafatshefatshe o o lwelang ditshwanelo tsa beng gae, go bo ba sa tlotla ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa [[Basarwa]] ba ba nnang kwa Botswana. Fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa 1980, mokgatlho o o kwadile dipego tsa gore puso ya Botswana e dirile letsholo la tlhorontsho go ba ntsha mo lefelo leo gore go diriwe dipatlisiso tsa moepo. Moeteledipele wa pele wa Debswana [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Nchindo]] o rile " Puso e na le tshiamelo mo go fuduseng Basarwa kwa lefelong leo la tlhokomelo diphologolo...go maleba gore puso e tseye tshwetso e o. Fa e seng jalo ke mang o o ka batlang go sala mo fifing fa ba bangwe ba tswelela pele?"<ref>Survival International (31 March 2003).''[https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/37 "Bushman Land Carved Up for Diamond Exploration"].''Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Stephen_Corry|Stephen Corry]], mogogi wa Survival International, Basarwa ga ba a siiwa ke dinako, ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa setho le tsa setso di tshwanetse go tlotliwa. Puso ya Botswana e ganetsa magatwe a e bua fa ele go feteletsa. Go santse go sena bosupi jwa go epa ga kompone ya Debswana kwa [[:en:Central_Kalahari_Game_Reserve|Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] ka kompone e butse meepo go sele jaaka kwa Jwaneng,Orapa,Letlhakane le Damtshaa.<ref>Survival International Archives(2005).''[https://web.archive.org/web/20221205111749/https://www.survivalinternational.org/material/451 "Survival and the Bushmen of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve: 39 questions"]''.Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> == Bona gape tse di latelang == * [[:en:Diamonds_as_an_investment|Dipeeletso ka diteemane]] * [[:en:Economy_of_Botswana|Itsholelo ya lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Goodwill Nchindo]] * [[:en:Lynette_Armstrong|Lynette Armstrong]] == Metswedi == 55tfcczc9gicjk5n4gxamvofb7w4xtc 52064 52059 2026-07-07T11:00:53Z Refilwe Connie 12933 #Wikipedia25BW 52064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Company|name=Debswana Diamond Company Limited|company_type=[[Limited company|Limited]]|industry=Mining|predecessors=De Beers Botswana Mining Company|hq_location_city=[[Gaborone]]|hq_location_country=[[Botswana]]|area_served=Worldwide|key_people='''Bruce Cleaver'''<br/>[[Chairman]]<br/> [[Andrew Maatla Motsomi]]<br/>[[Managing Director]]<ref name="1R">{{cite web |work=[[De Beers|De Beers Group]] |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |title=Debswana Diamond Company appoints Andrew Maatla Motsomi as Managing Director |date=22 May 2022 |author=De Beers Group |access-date=28 September 2022 |location=London, United Kingdom |archive-date=10 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210201833/https://www.debeersgroup.com/media/company-news/2022/debswana-diamond-company-appoints-andrew-maatla-motsomi-as-managing-director |url-status=dead }}</ref>|products=Diamonds<br/>Coal|owner=[[Government of Botswana]] (50%) and [[De Beers]] (50%)|num_employees=6,400 (2020)<ref name="2R">{{cite web| title=Fast Facts: All Items: Debswana |publisher=Debswana Diamond Mines Limited |url=http://www.debswana.com/about-us/lists/fast%20facts/allitems.aspx |date=10 May 2020 | author=Debswana |access-date=10 May 2020 |location=Gaborone}}</ref>|website=[http://www.debswana.com/ debswana.com]}} Debswana Diamond Company Limited e itsegeng ka leina khutswe la Debswana, ke [[:en:Mining|kompone ya moepo]] kwa [[Botswana]], e e ntshang [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|diteemane]] tsa boleng jo bo gaisang mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref name=":0">Mining Technology(May 2020).''[https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/debswana/ "Debswana Diamond Mines"].''Mining-technology.com.London.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e na le meepo ya teemane e le mene kwa dikgaolong tsa botlhaba le bogare jwa Botswana, gammogo le [[:en:Coal|moepo wa magala]] .<ref name=":0" /> Debswana ke kompone e e kopanetsweng magareng ga puso ya Botswana le kompone ya diteemane kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] ya [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]], bobedi bo kgaogana dipoelo tsa kompone ka go lekalekana.<ref name=":0" /> == Meepo == Meepo e e mo taolong ya Debswana ke e e latelang: * Ya diteemane ** [[:en:Orapa_diamond_mine|Moepo wa teemane wa Orapa]], o butswe ka ngwaga ya sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bongwe(1971).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">''[https://web.archive.org/web/20201025015525/http://www.debswana.com/About-Us/Pages/Our-History.aspx "Debswana History"].''www.debswana.com.Retrieved 2021-05-27.</ref> ** Letlhakane diamond mine, o butswe ka ngwaga wa 1975<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ** [[:en:Jwaneng_diamond_mine|Moepo wa teemane wa Jwaneng]] , o simolotse go bereka ka ngwaga wa 1982<ref name=":0" /> ** Moepo wa teemane wa Damtshaa , o butswe ka ngwaga wa 2003<ref name=":0" /> * Ya magala ** [[:en:Morupule_Colliery|Morupule Colliery]], o butswe ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe , masome a supa boraro (1973)<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == Kompone ya Debswana e simolotse e le [[:en:De_Beers|De Beers]] Botswana Mining Company ka ngwaga wa 1968,<ref name=":1" /> kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ele malatsi a le masome mabedi le boraro, morago ga gore modupa maje wa De Beers a tlhaole maje a a nang le diteemane kwa [[Orapa]] ka dingwaga tsa 1960. Dingwaga tse tlhano morago ga foo, puso ya Botswana ya oketsa seabe sa yone go tswa kwa go 15% go ya kwa go 50% . Ka ngwgaa wa 1992, kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele masome mabedi le botlhano, leina la kompone la fetoga go nna Debswana Diamond Company (Proprietary) Limited. Maikaelelo a kompone ke go epa ditemane le tsotlhe tse di amanang le tsone. Kompone ya Debswana e eteletse pele meepo ya Orapa, [[Letlhakane]], [[Toropo ya Jwaneng|Jwaneng]] le Damtshaa. Meepo ka bone jwa yone e nnile le seabe se segolo mo go kgolong ya itsholelo ka poelo ya diteemane, e fetotse lefatshe la Botswana mo go ikaegeng ka temothuo ka dingwaga tsa 1960 go nna lefatshe le le nang le kgolo ya itsholelo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Debswana(2020).''[http://www.debswana.com/ "About Debswana Diamond Company"].''Debswana Limited.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Debswana e ne ya upolola teemane ya boleng jwa 1,098 carat mo Botswana ka ngwaga wa 2021 kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Go dumelwa fa e le lejwana la boraro ka bogolo go epiwa. == Letseno le Dipoelo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !<big>Ngwaga</big> !<big>Letseno (Billion US$)</big> !<big>Boleng bobo ntshitsweng (carats)</big> !<big>Letseno ka ngwaga</big> |- |2011<ref name=":2">Mbongeni Mguni (1 August 2013).''[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=134&dir=2013/August/Thursday1 "Government Revenues From Debswana Bear P6 Billion"].Mmegi Online.Gaborone.Retrieved 10 May 2020.''</ref> |1.08 |22,900,000 | |- |2012<ref name=":2" /> |0.7 |20,200,000 |35% |} == Seabe mo itsholelong == Ditirelo tsa go epa diteemane di tlhotlheleditse kgolo ya istholelo ya Botswana thata, e letla gore e gole go tswa mo go nneng lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka nako ya fa le tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966 go nna lefatshe le le mo maemong a a fa gare mo itsholelong, le na le letseno la $9,200.00 ka ngwaga wa 2004. Lefatshe le na le maikaelelo a go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a kwa godimo mo itsholelong ka ngwaga wa 2036.<ref name=":3">World Bank (10 May 2020).''[https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/botswana/overview "Overview of Botswana"].''World Bank.Washington, DC.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, ditirelo tsa go beeletsa madi tse dikgolo di le pedi di bona lefatshe la Botswana e le lefatshe le go babalesegileng go le adimisa madi mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. Bongwe mo borarong jwa dipoelo tsa lefatshe ke tsa diteemane. Kompone ya Debswana ke yone kompone e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e hirang batho ba bantsi go gaisa tse dingwe mo lefatsheng la Botswana, e firile batho ba ka tshwara dikete tse thataro le makgolo a le mane, 93% ya bone e le [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|Batswana.]]<ref name=":3" /> == Go tshwaiwa diphoso == Kompone ya Debswana e tshwailwe diphoso ke mokgatlho wa [[:en:Survival_International|Survival International]] wa mafatshefatshe o o lwelang ditshwanelo tsa beng gae, go bo ba sa tlotla ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa [[Basarwa]] ba ba nnang kwa Botswana. Fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa 1980, mokgatlho o o kwadile dipego tsa gore puso ya Botswana e dirile letsholo la tlhorontsho go ba ntsha mo lefelo leo gore go diriwe dipatlisiso tsa moepo. Moeteledipele wa pele wa Debswana [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Nchindo]] o rile " Puso e na le tshiamelo mo go fuduseng Basarwa kwa lefelong leo la tlhokomelo diphologolo...go maleba gore puso e tseye tshwetso e o. Fa e seng jalo ke mang o o ka batlang go sala mo fifing fa ba bangwe ba tswelela pele?"<ref>Survival International (31 March 2003).''[https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/37 "Bushman Land Carved Up for Diamond Exploration"].''Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Stephen_Corry|Stephen Corry]], mogogi wa Survival International, Basarwa ga ba a siiwa ke dinako, ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa setho le tsa setso di tshwanetse go tlotliwa. Puso ya Botswana e ganetsa magatwe a e bua fa ele go feteletsa. Go santse go sena bosupi jwa go epa ga kompone ya Debswana kwa [[:en:Central_Kalahari_Game_Reserve|Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] ka kompone e butse meepo go sele jaaka kwa Jwaneng,Orapa,Letlhakane le Damtshaa.<ref>Survival International Archives(2005).''[https://web.archive.org/web/20221205111749/https://www.survivalinternational.org/material/451 "Survival and the Bushmen of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve: 39 questions"]''.Survivalinternational.org.Retrieved 10 May 2020.</ref> == Bona gape tse di latelang == * [[:en:Diamonds_as_an_investment|Dipeeletso ka diteemane]] * [[:en:Economy_of_Botswana|Itsholelo ya lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[:en:Louis_Goodwill_Nchindo|Louis Goodwill Nchindo]] * [[:en:Lynette_Armstrong|Lynette Armstrong]] == Metswedi == 0oltkqfxws42dmy0bbfg8dr44n49vc4 0 9471 52040 50026 2026-07-07T06:08:28Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Vivianne Miedema|full_name=Anna Margaretha Marina Astrid Miedema<ref name="fifa">{{cite web|title=List of Players – Netherlands|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|publisher=[[FIFA]]|access-date=31 May 2015|page=16|date=30 May 2015|archive-date=10 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1996|07|15|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Hoogeveen]], Netherlands|height=177 cm<ref name="fifa" />|position=[[Forward (association football)|Forward]]|currentclub=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|youthclubs1=HZVV|youthyears1=2001–2009|youthclubs2=VV de Weide|youthyears2=2009–2011|clubs1=[[SC Heerenveen (women)|SC Heerenveen]]|clubs2=[[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]]|clubs3=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|nationalteam1=Netherlands U15|nationalteam2=Netherlands U16|nationalteam3=[[Netherlands women's national under-17 football team|Netherlands U17]]|nationalteam4=[[Netherlands women's national under-19 football team|Netherlands U19]]|nationalteam5=[[Netherlands women's national football team|Netherlands]]|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Women's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|the {{NED}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[FIFA Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup|2019 France]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA Women's Championship]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[UEFA Women's Euro 2017|2017 Netherlands]]|}}|image=Miedemavliverpool.jpg|caption=Miedema in 2023|clubnumber=11|years1=2011–2014|goals1=78|years2=2014–2017|goals2=35|years3=2017–2024|goals3=80 <!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES & GOALS ONLY-->|nationalyears1=2010–2011|nationalyears2=2010–2012|nationalgoals1=10|nationalgoals2=4|nationalyears3=2011–2012|nationalgoals3=22|nationalyears4=2013|nationalgoals4=7|nationalyears5=2013–|nationalgoals5=[[List of international goals scored by Vivianne Miedema|95]]}} '''Anna Margaretha Marina Astrid''' "'''Vivianne'''" '''Miedema''' (peleto ya se-Dutch: [ˈɑnaː mɑrɣaːˈreːtaː maːˈrinaː ˈʔɑstrɪt ˈmidəmaː]; yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le lesome le botlhano ka 1996) ke motshameki wa moporofeshenale yo o tshamekileng e le motshameka pele kwa setlhopheng sa kgwele ya dinao ya bomme sa [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] le setlhopha sa bosetshaba sa Netherlands. O tshameketse gape le ditlhopha tsa Bayern Munich and SC Heerenveen. O nna a supiwa gantsi ele mongwe wa batshameka pele ba ba gaisang mo kgweleng ya dinao ya bomme, Miedema ke ene yo o digogang kwa pele mo go noseng dino kwa FA WSL ebile gape o nositse dino go gaisa batshameki botlhe mo seemong sa mafatshetshefatshe kwa setlhopheng sa Netherlands, go akaretsa ditlhopha tsa bomme le borre.<ref>Ruszkai, Ameé (18 October 2020). "[https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/vivianne-miedema-the-most-prolific-goal-scorer-and-possibly/t3l0cj2dxtnr1oqsidcpk54e0 Vivianne Miedema: The most prolific goalscorer and possibly the greatest player in Women's Super League history]". ''Goal''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref>Devonport, Jack (21 June 2020). "[https://herfootballhub.com/vivanne-miedema-the-best-in-the-world/ Opinion: Why Vivianne Miedema is the Best Striker in the World]". ''Her Football Hub''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref>Tomas, Fiona (18 October 2020). "[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2020/10/18/arsenal-vs-tottenham-wsl-live-score-latest-goal-updates/ Vivianne Miedema makes WSL history as ruthless Arsenal punish sorry Spurs]". ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref>Wrack, Suzanne (4 December 2019). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/dec/04/vivianne-miedema-arsenal-six-goals-netherlands-forward Vivianne Miedema: Arsenal's six-goal headline stealer who hates limelight]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> O fentse UEFA Women's Euro ka 2017 le setlhopha sa bosetshaba sa Dutch, bommampodi jwa Frauen-Bundesliga gabedi ka go tlhomagana le Bayern Munich ka 2015 le 2016, le 2018-19 bommampodi jwa FA WSL le Arsenal. Ka 2019, a etelela Netherlands go fetsa mo maemong a bobedi kwa 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup kwa France. Miedema o fentse seetsele sa BBC Women's Footballer of the Year ka Ngwanatsele wa 2021. Ka 2020, o ne a kaiwa e le motshameki wa ngwaga wa kgwele ya bomme kwa London Football Awards le Football Writers' Association ya kwa Enyelane. O ne a kaiwa e le PFA Women's Players' Player of the Year ka 2019. O ne a tlhophiwa mo lenaaneng la Ballon d'Or Féminin kwa 2019, 2021, le 2022. O ne a tsenngwa mo go ba ba kwa godimo ba ba lesome mo ''The 100 Best Female Footballers In The World'' ya ''The Guardian'' ka 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021, le 2022. == Botshelo jwa pele == A tshotswe ebile a godisediwa kwa Hoogeveen, Miedema o godile a lebelela rraagwe a tshameka kgwele ya dinao mme ya re a le dingwaga tse tlhano le ene a simolola go e tshamekwa kwa setlhopheng sa HZVV kwa motseng o a tlholegang teng.<ref name=":0">Reuvers, Jörn (4 August 2017). "[https://www.rtvdrenthe.nl/nieuws/124543/Vivianne-Miedema-van-HZVV-tot-EK-finale Vivianne Miedema: van HZVV tot EK-finale]" [Vivianne Miedema: from HHVV to European Championship final]. ''[[:en:RTV_Drenthe|RTV Drenthe]]'' (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref name=":1">"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/vivianne-miedema-in-my-own-words Vivianne Miedema: In My Own Words]". [[:en:Arsenal_F.C.|Arsenal]]. 19 October 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</ref> Kgopolo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go tshameka kgwele ya dinao e akaretsa meno a gagwe a a fa pele a mabedi a kgolwa ke motshwara dinno yo monnye fa a le dingwaga tse thataro.<ref name=":1" /> E ne ele monosa dino wa kgapetsakgapetsa go tswa bonyennyaneng ebile a tshamekela ditlhopha tsa basimane.<ref name=":1" /> Fa baganetsi ba tshega fa ba bona mosetsana mo lebaleng, ne go mo gwetlha go nosa dinno tse dintsi, mo a neng a go dira gantsi.<ref name=":7">"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/football/61236034 MOTDx In The Making: How Arsenal's Vivianne Miedema became a football icon]". ''[[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]''. 28 April 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2022.</ref> Morago ga dingwaga a tshamekela HZVV,<ref>Guélé-Chauvin, Florian (20 June 2019). "[https://foot123.fr/football/article/208799-vivianne-miedema-la-canonniere Vivianne Miedema, la canonnière]" [Vivianne Miedema, the gunboat]. ''Foot 123'' (in French). Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> o ne a inaakanya le VV De Weide ka 2009 mme a nna koo go fitlhela ka 2011.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230715121829/https://dvhn.nl/drenthe/Voetbalvereniging-de-Weide-in-Hoogeveen-vertoont-finale-Miedema-op-groot-scherm-22405366.html Voetbalvereniging De Weide in Hoogeveen vertoont finale Miedema op groot scherm]" [Football club De Weide in Hoogeveen shows the final Miedema on a big screen]. ''[[:en:Dagblad_van_het_Noorden|Dagblad van het Noorden]]'' (in Dutch). 4 August 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Le borraagwe le kgaitsadie yo monnye Lars, Miedema o ne a tsamaya gantsinyana go ya kwa Rotterdam dikhilomithara di le 190 (120 mi) go ya go lebelela Feyenoord e tshameka.<ref name=":11">Sanders, Emma (12 September 2019). "[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/49645658 Vivianne Miedema: Arsenal's striker on Virgil van Dijk & Dutch success]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</ref> Fa a le dingwaga dile lesome le bone, Miedema o ne a pateletswa go dira tshwetso ya gore a o batla go tswelela a tshameka le ditlhopha tsa basimane ko a neng a twaetse go ba fenya, kana a fetolele kwa go tshamekeng kwa liking e e kwa godimo ya bomme.<ref name=":1" /> == Tiro ya setlhopha == <big>'''2011–2014: SC Heerenveen'''</big> Fa a sena go amogela taletso go tswa kwa SC Heerenveen, Miedema a saena tumalano ya porofeshionale ya gagwe ya ntlha a le dingwaga tse lesome le bone mme a iphitlhela a tshameka mo Eredivisie, liki e kgolo ya basadi ba maDutch, le batshameki ba ba neng ba le batona mo go ene go menaganye.<ref name=":1" /> O dirile tshimologo ya gagwe ye kgolwane a le dingwaga tse lesome le botlhano mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le FC Utrecht ka Lwetse a le gabedi ka 2011, a fetoga go nna motshameki yo monyenyane go gaisa mo liking eo.<ref name=":17">"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/54529876 WSL: Miedema breaks goal record, scoring 52 goals in 50 games]". BBC. 19 October 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref name=":2">"[https://uk.women.soccerway.com/players/vivianne-miedema/195616/ Netherlands – V. Miedema – Profile with news, career statistics and history]". ''Soccerway''. Retrieved 9 September 2021.</ref> Mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha sa 2011–12 Eredivisie, a nosa dino tse lesome mo metshamekong e le lesome le botlhano a nosetsa Heerenveen, se se neng sa fetsa kwa mogatleng mo ditlhopheng tse supa. Le fa e ne e le mosha, o ne a arogana sekgele sa go nna monosi wa dinno wa bobedi kwa godimo mo liking eo.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">Laverty, Rich (28 February 2020). "[https://thesefootballtimes.co/2020/02/28/the-inside-story-of-how-sam-kerr-and-vivianne-miedema-became-some-of-the-games-deadliest-strikers/ The inside story of how Sam Kerr and Vivianne Miedema became some of the game's deadliest strikers]". ''These Football Times''. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Ka 2012–13, a tshameka mo liking e ntsha ya go kgabaganya melelwane ya BeNe League, a tokafatsa palogotlhe ya dino tsa gagwe go ya kwa dinong tse masome a mabedi le bosupa mo metshamekong e le masome a marataro. Dino tsa gagwe tse masome a mane le bongwe mo metshamekong e le masome a mabedi le borataro kwa Heerenveen mo liking ya BeNe mo setlheng sa 2013–14 tsa mo tisetsa tlotla ya monosi yo o kwa godimo a le dingwaga tse lesome le bosupa.<ref name=":5">Saffer, Paul (29 December 2014). "[https://www.uefa.com/womensunder19/news/0253-0d0425d4ba74-eee55d76f3cc-1000--star-of-2014-vivianne-miedema/ Star of 2014: Vivianne Miedema]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. Retrieved 5 June 2015.</ref><ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/women/players/vivianne-miedema Vivianne Miedema]". [[:en:Arsenal_F.C.|Arsenal]]. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</ref> Palogotlhe ya dino tsa gagwe e ne e feta ya yo o motshameki yo o mo tlhatlhamang ka dinno di le lesome le botlhano.<ref name=":3" /> '''<big>2014–2017: Bayern Munich</big>''' [[Setshwantsho:Vivianne Miedema BL FCB gg. 1. FFC Frankfurt Muenchen-5.jpg|left|thumb|370x370px|Miedema with Bayern in November 2016]] Ditlhopha tse di farologanyeng di le masome a mararo le boferabongwe di ne tsa batlisisa ka go saena Miedema pele ga a saena tumalano ya dingwaga tse tharo le Bayern Munich mo liking e kgolo ya Jeremane, ya Frauen-Bundesliga ka Seetebosigo wa 2014.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140702140725/http://www.fcbayern-frauenfussball.de/news/FC+Bayern+verpflichtet+Vivianne+Miedema+und+Katie+Stengel,25762.htm FC Bayern verpflichtet Vivianne Miedema und Katie Stengel]" [FC Bayern sign Vivianne Miedema and Katie Stengel] (in German). [[:en:FC_Bayern_Munich|Bayern Munich]]. 6 June 2014. Archived from [http://www.fcbayern-frauenfussball.de/news/FC+Bayern+verpflichtet+Vivianne+Miedema+und+Katie+Stengel,25762.htm the original] on 2 July 2014.</ref> Mo setlheng sa 2014–15 ene e le karolo ya setlhopha sa Bayern se se neng sa tlhoka go fenngwa mo Bundesliga sabo sa fenya bosimega e le lantlha fa e sale ka 1976.<ref>"[http://www.nu.nl/voetbal/4046591/vivianne-miedema-kampioen-met-bayern-munchen.html Vivianne Miedema kampioen met Bayern München]" [Vivianne Miedema champion with Bayern Munich]. ''[[:en:NU.nl|NU.nl]]'' (in Dutch). 10 May 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2015.</ref><ref>"[https://uk.soccerway.com/national/germany/frauen-bundesliga/20142015/regular-season/r26443/ 2014–15 Frauen Bundesliga]". Soccerway. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref> Miedema o nositse nno ya gagwe ya ntlha ya liki kwa Jeremane ka Phalane a le ga tlhano 2014 mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le MSV Duisburg, a isa Bayern kwa phenyong ya dino tse thataro go lefela.<ref>"[https://www.voetbal.com/wedstrijdverslag/frauen-bundesliga-2014-2015-bayern-muenchen-msv-duisburg/liveticker/ Bayern Munich – MSV Duisburg 6: 0]". Voetbal.com. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le SGS Essen ka Ngwanatsele a le maasome a mararo, Miedema a kgagoga bokwantle ja lenyenyana mo go neng ga dira gore a nne kwa ntle ga lebala lebakanyana. O ne a tlhagelela gape mo liking ya Jeremane ka Tlhakole a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka 2015 kgatlhanong le VfL Wolfsburg, a nosa gape mo motshamekong o o latelang, kgatlhanong le Bayer Leverkusen.<ref name=":2" /><ref>"[https://www.voetbalcentraal.nl/nieuws/113571/miedema-scheurt-buitenband-van-enkel-in-bij-bayern-mnchen Miedema scheurt buitenband van enkel in bij Bayern München]" [Miedema tears the outer tire of an ankle at Bayern Munich] (in German). Voetbal Centraal. 6 December 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Miedema a fetsa setlha seo ka dino di le supa mo metshamekong e le lesome bosupa.<ref name=":2" /> A thusa Bayern Munich go sireletsa bommampodi mo setlheng se se lateng ka dino di le lesome le bone mo metshamekong e le masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref name=":2" /> Miedema o ne a sa itumella mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tsa gagwe tse tharo kwa Jeremane ka o ne a sa kgone go bua seJeremane kana sekgoa. Le fa a ne a go fenya mathata ao, o ne ya re moragonyana a sa kgotsofalele tiriso ya dikgwele tse ditelele ya Bayern.<ref name=":12">Abdul, Geneva (28 February 2020). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/28/sports/soccer/vivianne-miedema.html Vivianne Miedema Lets Her Goals Do the Talking]". ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> Ka setlha sa Frauen-Bundesliga sa 2016–17, Miedema a nosa dino tse lesome le bone mo metshamekong e le masome a mabedi le bobedi mme Bayern e ne ya tlosiwa ke VfL Wolfsburg mo bosimegeng.<ref name=":2" /><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201029223502/https://www.copa90.com/en/all/2017/6/despite-a-domestic-double-wolfsburg-women-kept-waiting Despite a Domestic Double, Wolfsburg Women Kept Waiting]". Copa90. 14 June 2017. Archived from [https://www.copa90.com/en/all/2017/6/despite-a-domestic-double-wolfsburg-women-kept-waiting the original] on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.</ref> O ne aoketsa ka dinno di ferabobedi mo UEFA Champions League ya 2016–17 fa Bayern e goroga kwa di quarter-finaleng, kwa ba neng ba betswa 4–1 palogotlhe ke Paris Saint-Germain.<ref name=":2" /><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20220323225656/https://www.jwsports1.com/ngozi-eberes-psg-bury-bayern-to-advance-to-champions-league-semis/ Ngozi Ebere's PSG bury Bayern to advance to Champions League semis]". JWsports1. 19 March 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Miedema e ne e le monosi yo o kwa godimo wa setlha seo sa Champions League.<ref name=":18">Saffer, Paul (1 June 2017). "[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/023a-0e1686acdfcc-19f4a3ea2f3b-1000--jakabfi-and-miedema-the-top-scorers/ Jakabfi and Miedema the top scorers]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Miedema o ne a tsena mo dipuisanong tsa ditumalano le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di kwa godimo kwa Yuropa le Amerika ka 2017. Le fa Bayern e nne e batla gore a nne, ba ne ba sa ipaakanyetsa go ka tlhatlhamolola ka fa ba duelang ka teng. Le fa motsamaisi Karin Danner a ne a eteletse pele dipuisano tse di thata le Miedema, o ne a inneela mo go tsamaeng ga gagwe: "o ne a batla go fetoga mme rona re ne re sa batle go tlhatlhamolola ka fa re duelang ka teng kwa bofelong." Bayern e ne ya kwadisa balekane ka ene ebong Jill Roord le Lineth Beerensteyn go mo emisetsa.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201107232647/https://uefafrauenem.sportschau.de/niederlande2017/nachrichten/Oranje-Star-Miedema-Naechste-Ausfahrt-London-,miedema114.html Oranje-Star Miedema: Nächste Ausfahrt London]" [Oranje-Star Miedema: Next exit London]. ''[[:en:Sportschau|Sportschau]]'' (in German). 21 June 2017. Archived from [https://uefafrauenem.sportschau.de/niederlande2017/nachrichten/Oranje-Star-Miedema-Naechste-Ausfahrt-London-,miedema114.html the original] on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> '''<big>2017–2024: Arsenal<br /></big>'''Ka Motsheganong wa 2017, Miedema a fudugela kwa setlhopheng sa seesemane sa [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]].<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40018786 Vivianne Miedema: Bayern Munich striker joins Arsenal Ladies]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 23 May 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Ka Phalane a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe, a nosa nno ya gagwe ya ntlha ya FA Women's Super League (FA WSL) kwa Arsenal mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le Everton mo motsotsong wa masome a mabedi le boraro.<ref>Theivam, Kieran (3 February 2020). "[https://theathletic.com/1569222/2020/02/04/inside-miedemas-mind-arsenal-striker-on-how-she-scored-five-of-her-greatest-goals/ Inside Miedema's mind: Arsenal striker on how she scored five of her greatest goals]". ''[[:en:The_Athletic|The Athletic]]''. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</ref> Mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le Liverpool, a nosa nno ya go bula motshameko mo motsotsong wa masome a mabedi le boferabongwe abo a thusa Dominique Janssen go nosa ya gagwe ya motsotso wa masome a mane le boferabongwe ba isa Arsenal kwa phenyong ya dino tse tharo go lefela.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42882981 Liverpool Women 0–3 Arsenal Women]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 7 February 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> Miedema a fetsa setlha sa 2017–18 ka dino tse nne mo metshamekong e le lesome le bongwe e a e tshamekileng, e e neng e akaretsa go simolola metshameko e ferangbongwe.<ref name=":2" /> Arsenal e ne ya fetsa mo maemong a boraro mo setlheng sa tlwaelo ka rekote ya <abbr>11–3–4.</abbr><ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/womens-super-league-table/2017 FA Women's Super League: 2017/2018 Season]". [[:en:Sky_Sports|Sky Sports]]. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Setlhopha seo se ne sa fenya FA WSL Cup ya setlha sa 2017–18, Miedema a nosa nno e e neng e fenya motshameko o o wa makgaolakgang mo phenyong ya nno go lefela kgatlhanong le Manchester City.<ref>MacInnes, Paul (14 March 2018). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/mar/14/arsenal-women-manchester-city-women-continental-tyres-cup-final-match-report Vivianne Miedema seals cup glory for Arsenal against Manchester City]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:2020-02-23 Arsenal WFC v Lewes L.F.C. 166.jpg|thumb|Miedema during a match for Arsenal, February 2020]] Mo motshamekong wa ntlha wa setlha sa 2018–19, Miedema a nosa dino tse tharo fa Arsenal e fenya Liverpool ka nno tse tlhano go lefela.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/45383041 WSL: Arsenal Women beat Liverpool Women 5–0 as Vivianne Miedema stars]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 9 September 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref> O ne a tsisa palogotlhe ya dinno tsa gagwe ko dipalong tse di menaganeng gabedi fa a nosa nno tse pedi kgatlhanong le Bristol City fa Arsenal e fenya ka nno tse nne go lefela.<ref>Garry, Tom (28 October 2018). "[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/45930489 Women's Super League: Bristol City Women 0–4 Arsenal Women]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref> Miedemma o feditse setlha seo ele monosi wa dino yo o kwa godimo ka dino tse masome a mabedi le bobedi mme a bidiwa e le motshameki yo o tlhophilweng ke batshameki ka ene wa PFA Women.<ref name=":19">"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/48065752 Virgil van Dijk and Vivianne Miedema win PFA Player of the Year awards]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 28 April 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.</ref> Arsenal ya fetsa mo maemong a ntlha mo setlheng sa tlwaelo ka rekote ya <abbr>20–2–0,</abbr><ref name=":2" /> seo se kaa nako ya ntlha ya setlhopha seo se fenya bommampodi fa e sale ka 2012.<ref>"[https://talksport.com/football/534477/arsenal-women-win-fa-womens-super-league/ Arsenal Women win FA Women's Super League for first time since 2012 with 4–0 thrashing of Brighton]". talkSport. 28 April 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2020.</ref><ref name=":13">Ruzkal, Ameé (15 December 2019). "[https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/53-goals-a-wsl-title-and-a-world-cup-final-miedema-finishes/tsb8wf293zt81upxm1cgns5mw 53 goals, a WSL title and a World Cup final: Miedema finishes superb 2019 in style]". ''[[:en:Goal_(website)|Goal]]''. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> Ka Phalane a le lesome le borataro 2019, Miedema a nosa dino di le nne fa Arsenal e fenya Slavia Praha ka dinno di le tlhano go lefela mo UEFA Champions League ya 2019–20.<ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/oct/16/arsenals-vivianne-miedema-hits-four-in-champions-league-win-at-slavia-prague Arsenal's Vivianne Miedema hits four in Champions League win at Slavia Prague]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. 16 October 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.</ref> Malatsi a le matlhano a a latelang, o ne a tsenngwa mo lenaaneng le lekhutshwane la Ballon d'Or Féminin la 2019,<ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/oct/21/six-liverpool-players-on-ballon-dor-shortlist-bronze-and-white-nominated Seven Liverpool players on Ballon d'Or shortlist, Bronze and White nominated]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</ref> kwa a ileng a bona maemo a botlhano.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/50637974 Megan Rapinoe wins Women's Ballon d'Or, Lucy Bronze second]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2020. <q>...while Arsenal and Netherlands forward Vivianne Miedema rounded out the top five.</q></ref> Ka setlha 2019–20, o ne a nosa dino tse lesome le borataro mo metshamekong e le lesome le bone.<ref name=":2" /> Miedema o ne a le botlhokwa thata mo phenyo e tona go di feta tsotlhe mo ditsong tsa WSL ka Sedimonthole a rogwa 2019 – mo dinnong tse lesome le bongwe tse Arsenal e neng ya di nosa kgatlhanong le Bristol City, o ne a nosa tse thataro mme gape a rulaganya tse nne. Ya bo lesome le bongwe e ne e le yone fela e a neng a sa amege mo go yone; o ne a se mo lebaleng fa e nosiwa.<ref name=":20">"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/50534277 Arsenal Women 11–1 Bristol City Women]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 1 December 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2019.</ref><ref>Wrack, Suzanne (4 December 2019). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/dec/04/vivianne-miedema-arsenal-six-goals-netherlands-forward Vivianne Miedema: Arsenal's six-goal headline stealer who hates limelight]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> FA e ne ya kgaosetsa setlha seo ka ntata ya segajaja sa COVID-19, ba swetsa kgaisanyo eo ka dintlha motshameko mongwe le mongwe.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/52907395 Chelsea named Women's Super League champions, Liverpool relegated]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 5 June 2020.</ref> Arsenal ya fetsa mo maemong a boraro ka rekote ya 12–3–0 ebile ba tshameka mo koping ya FA WSL ya 2019–20, kwa ba feletseng ba latlhegelwa 2–1 kgatlhanong le Chelsea kwa makgaolakgannyeng a FA Women's League Cup ya 2020.<ref>Wrack, Suzanne (29 February 2020). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/feb/29/chelsea-women-arsenal-womens-league-cup-final Beth England strikes late to win Continental Cup final for Chelsea]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Ka Phalane a le lesome le boferabobedi 2020, Miedema o ne a nna motshameki wa ntlha go nosa dino tsa WSL tse masome a matlhano,<ref>"[https://www.espn.com/soccer/arsenal-women/story/4206745/arsenals-vivianne-miedema-breaks-all-time-wsl-goal-record Arsenal's Miedema breaks WSL goal record]". ''ESPN.com''. 18 October 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2022.</ref> a feta mo tseleng rekote ya liki eo ya nako tsotlhe ya dino tse masome a mane le boferabongwe (e e neng e beilwe ke Nikita Parris) fa a nosa dino tse tharo mo phenyong ya 6–1 kgatlhanong le Tottenham Hotspur.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54496416 Women's Super League: Arsenal 6–1 Tottenham Hotspur – Vivianne Miedema becomes WSL record scorer with hat-trick]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 18 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020.</ref> Ka Tlhakole a supa 2021, motshameka pele wa Manchester City Ellen White ya nna e nne monosi wa dino wa nako tshotlhe yo o gaisang, a sena go nose dino tse masome a matlhano le botlhano go tsa ga Miedema tse masome a matlhano le bone.<ref>Wrack, Suzanne (7 February 2021). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/feb/07/arsenal-manchester-city-wsl-match-report Lauren Hemp lifts Manchester City but Arsenal retain title hopes]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 7 February 2021.</ref> Ka Mopitlo a supa, Miedema a feta White mo tseleng gape, a nositse tse masome a matlhano le borataro.<ref>Roberts, Olly (7 March 2021). "[https://www.givemesport.com/1657342-wsl-review-5-things-we-learned-from-today-as-chelsea-maintain-their-gap-at-the-top-of-the-table WSL Review: 5 things we learned from today as Chelsea maintain their gap at the top of the table]". Give Me Sport. Retrieved 9 March 2021.</ref> Mo dinong tsa ga Miedema tsa ntlha tse masome a matlhano le bobedi, o nositse masome a mararo le bone ja tsone ka lenao la gagwe la moja, tse lesome le bone ka la molema, le tse nne ka tlhogo. Dipe mo dinnong tseo di nositswe ka tlhago ya penaliti. Mo magareng a dipalo, o nositse gangwe mo metsotsong e le masome a ferabongwe le boraro, fa a tshwantshanngwa le e le lekgolo le metso e le masome a supa le bongwe ya ga Parris.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54569942 Vivianne Miedema: Arsenal striker breaks all-time WSL goals record with hat-trick against Tottenham]". BBC Sport. 20 October 2020.</ref> Ka 2021 Lwetse a ferabongwe, Miedema a nosa nno ya gagwe ya bo lekgolo ya Arsenal, a nosa dino tse tharo mo phenyong ya nno tse nne go lefela la Slavia Prague mo motshamekong wa go ipatlela phatlha kwa Champions League. Miedema o tlhokile metshameko e le lekgolo le lesome mo dikgaisanong tsotlhe go goroga kwa legatong leo.<ref>@arsenalwfc (9 September 2021). "[https://x.com/arsenalwfc/status/1436026223860322306 WELCOME TO THE 100 CLUB VIVIANNE MIEDEMA! 🐐 ⚪️ 0–3 💛 (72) | @UWCL 🏆 LIVE on http://Arsenal.com 📺]" ([[:en:Tweet_(social_media)|Tweet]]) – via [[:en:Twitter|Twitter]].</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele wa 2021 o ne a nna motshameki wa ntlha mo ditsong tsa WSL go nosa kgatlhanong le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se a kileng a lebagana naso, morago ga go nosa kgatlhanong le Manchester United.<ref name=":21">Wrack, Suzanne (21 November 2021). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/nov/21/manchester-united-arsenal-wsl-match-report Arsenal's Vivianne Miedema sets WSL record in win over Manchester United]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|the Guardian]]''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Ka Motsheganong wa 2022 malatsi a le masome a mabedi, Miedema a bega fa a okeditse tumalano ya gagwe le Arsenal. O ne a nnile le dipuisano le Barcelona le Paris Saint-Germain ba ba neng ba eletsa go mo saena.<ref>Garry, Tom (20 May 2022). "[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2022/05/20/vivianne-miedemas-new-arsenal-deal-major-coup-whole-wsl/ Why Vivianne Miedema's new Arsenal deal is a major coup for the whole WSL]". ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved 20 May 2022.</ref> O ne a re go fenya bommampodi le Arsenal go ka raya go le gontsi mo go ene go na le go tsena mo setlhopheng se se setseng se fenya bommampodi.<ref>"[https://nos.nl/artikel/2429543-miedema-verlengt-contract-bij-arsenal-en-laat-wereldtop-nog-even-links-liggen Miedema verlengt contract bij Arsenal en laat wereldtop nog even links liggen]". ''[[:en:Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting|Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]'' (in Dutch). 20 May 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2022.</ref> Tumalano eo e e madi mantsi e ntshae ne ya mo dira motshameki wa mme yo o duelwang kwa godimo kwa Enyelane.<ref>Vlietstra, Bart (20 May 2022). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/may/20/vivianne-miedema-im-staying-at-arsenal-but-we-have-to-do-better Vivianne Miedema: 'I'm staying at Arsenal – but we have to do better]'". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 21 May 2022.</ref> Ka Sedimonthole a le lesome le botlhano wa 2022, Miedema a tswa mo motshamekong wa UEFA Champions League kgatlhanong le Lyon ka nako ya go ikhutsa ka kgobalo, e ka Sedimonthole a le lesome le boferabongwe e neng ya rurifadiwa fa e le go kgaoga mosiha wa anterior cruciate. O ne a solofetswe go dirwa loaro le go tlolwa ke metshameko mo sebakeng se se leele.<ref>"[https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/miedema-suffers-acl-injury-world-cup-campaign-doubt-2022-12-19/ Miedema suffers ACL injury, World Cup campaign in doubt]". ''[[:en:Reuters|Reuters]]''. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.</ref> O ne a dira iponagatso ya gagwe ya ntlha morago ga kgobalo ka Phalane a le masome a mabedi le bobedi wa 2023, a tsena a emisetsa yo mongwe mo karolong ya bobedi mo phenyong ya 2–1 kgatlhanong le Bristol City.<ref>Miller, Ben (22 October 2023). "[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/67114461 Bristol City 1-2 Arsenal: McCabe double secures Arsenal win in front of record Robins crowd]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 23 October 2023.</ref> O nositse nno ya gagwe ya ntlha morago ga kgobalo ka Firikgong a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe 2024 mo phenyong ya nno tse pedi go lefela la Liverpool.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68045668 Miedema on target as Arsenal beat Liverpool in WSL]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 28 January 2024.</ref> Fa Mopitlo a rogwa go ne ga begiwa fa a tlhokana le loara le le seng kalo la lengole le le tla a mo paledisang go tshameka dibekenyana.<ref>Burhan, Asif. "[[Vivianne Miedema Sidelined For Several Weeks Due To Minor Knee Surgery]]". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 1 March 2024.</ref> O ne a boa ka Moranang a le masome a mabedi le bongwe mo phenyong ya nno tse tharo go lefela kgatlhanong le Leicester City.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68810599 Arsenal beat Leicester to secure Champions League place]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 6 May 2024.</ref> Ka Motsheganong a le lesome le boraro 2024, Arsenal ya netefatsa fa Miedema a tla tlogela setlhopha seo kwa bofelong ja setlha sa 2023–24 fa tumalano ya gagwe e fela.<ref>"'[https://www.theguardian.com/football/article/2024/may/13/vivianne-miedema-to-leave-arsenal-end-of-season Wonderful memories': Vivianne Miedema to leave Arsenal in summer]". ''[[The Guardian]]''. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/13135064/vivianne-miedema-arsenal-confirm-women-s-super-league-all-time-top-goalscorer-will-leave-at-end-of-the-season Vivianne Miedema: Arsenal confirm Women's Super League all-time top goalscorer will leave at end of the season]". ''[[:en:Sky_Sports|Sky Sports]]''. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/c2e00peq3m2o Vivianne Miedema: Striker to leave Arsenal at end of WSL season]". ''[[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]''. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == '''<big>Bonana</big>''' Ka Phalane wa 2012, Miedema o ne a roba rekote ya go nosa dino ya setlhopha sa Netherlands sa U-17, fa a nosa dino tse thataro kgatlhanong le Montenegro go tswa fa a nosa di ferabobedi kgatlhanong le Kazakhstan kwa kgaisanyong e potlana ya go ipatlela phatlha kwa UEFA Under-17 ya 2013.<ref name=":22">"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/jeugd-vrouwen-onder-17/43802/unieke-score-miedema-bij-o-17 Unieke score Miedema bij O-17]" [Unique Miedema score at O-17]. ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). [[:en:Royal_Dutch_Football_Association|Royal Dutch Football Association]]. 22 October 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Dinno tse di ferangbobedi mo phenyong ya 15–0 kgatlhanong le Kazakhstan di ne tsa baa rekote ya kgaisano eo ya dinno tse di nositsweng mo motshamekong o le mongwe, dinno tse nne gape mo motshamekong o o latelang kgatlhanong le Ukraine tsa mo dira monosi wa dino yo o kwa godimo wa nako tsotlhe mo kgaisanong ya UEFA ya basadi ya UEFA Under-17.<ref name=":23">"[https://www.uefa.com/womensunder17/news/0252-0ce2a0e6d622-c1e031bac3e4-1000--awesome-miedema-leads-netherlands-through/?referrer=%2Fwomensunder17%2Fnews%2Fnewsid%3D1881974 Awesome Miedema leads Netherlands through]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. 25 October 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> O nositse palogotlhe ya dino tse masome a mabedi le bobedi fa a tshamekela U-17, mo diponagalong tsa gagwe tse lesome le bongwe fa gare ga Phalane 2011 le Phalane 2012.<ref name=":24">"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/210486/speler/3038 Vivianne Miedema – Jeugd vrouwen onder 17"] [Vivianne Miedema – Youth women under 17]. ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). [[:en:Royal_Dutch_Football_Association|Royal Dutch Football Association.]] Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Ka Mopitlo wa 2013, Miedema a simolola tshameko mo setlhopheng sa Netherlands sa under-19, a simolola ka tatlhegelo ya 3–1 kgatlhanong le Iceland.<ref name=":4">"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/210484/speler/3038 Vivianne Miedema – Jeugd vrouwen onder 19]" [Vivianne Miedema – Youth women under 19]. ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). [[:en:Royal_Dutch_Football_Association|Royal Dutch Football Association]]. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Ka kgaisano ya 2014 ya UEFA Under-19, o ne a le botlhokwa thata mo katlegong ya baDutch, dinno tsa gagwe tse thataro mo kgaisanong tsa isa Netherlands kwa bommampoding ja yone ja ntlha mo kgweleng ya dinao ya bomme.<ref name=":6">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150311023325/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=miedema-i-play-very-differently-to-robben-2556714.html Miedema: I play very differently to Robben]". [[:en:FIFA|FIFA]]. 10 March 2015. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/y=2015/m=3/news=miedema-i-play-very-differently-to-robben-2556714.html the original] on 11 March 2015. Retrieved 5 June 2015.</ref> O ne a nosa dino tse tharo mo phenyong ya 4–0 ya sekamakgaolakgang ba fenya Republic of Ireland,<ref>"[https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/soccer/international/ireland-women-bow-out-of-under-19-european-championships-1.1877355 Ireland women bow out of Under-19 European Championships]". ''[[:en:The_Irish_Times|The Irish Times]]''. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2018.</ref><ref>"[https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2014/0724/632920-fairytale-ends-for-ireland-u-19s/ Republic of Ireland Under-19s 0–4 Netherlands Under-19s]". [[:en:RTÉ|RTÉ]]. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2018.</ref> le nno e le nosimo phenyong ya makgaolakgang ba fenya Spain. E ne e le ene monosi yo o gaisitseng mo kgaisanong eo ka molelwane wa dino tse nne ebile a tsaa tlotla ya Golden Player e e neng e fiwa ke UEFA ba e fa motshameki yo o gaisitseng mo kgaisanong eo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150706125537/http://www.uefa.com/womensunder19/history/season=2014/goldenplayer/index.html UEFA.com Golden Player 2014: Vivianne Miedema]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. 1 August 2014. Archived from [http://www.uefa.com/womensunder19/history/season=2014/goldenplayer/index.html the original] on 6 July 2015.</ref> E setse e le motshameki wa setlhopha se segolo sa bosetshaba, o ne a fetsa tiro ya gagwe ya bosetshaba ka dino tse supa mo iponagatsong tse lesome.<ref name=":4" /> <big>'''Bogolo'''</big> [[Setshwantsho:20170716 WEURO NED NOR 3652.jpg|thumb|Miedema (right) playing for the Netherlands during the [[:en:UEFA_Women's_Euro_2017|UEFA Women's Euro 2017]]]] Ka Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka 2013, Miedema a simolola tshameko kwa setlhopheng sa setshaba sa Netherlands. O tsene mo leemong la ga Lieke Martens mo phenyong ya 4–0 mo motshamekong wa go ipatlela phatlha kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2015 le setlhophana sa botlhano sa UEFA kgatlhanong le Albania kwa Tirana.<ref name=":25">"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/teams/207834/speler/3038 Vivianne Miedema – Nederlands vrouwenelftal]" [Vivianne Miedema – Dutch women's team]. ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). [[:en:Royal_Dutch_Football_Association|Royal Dutch Football Association]]. Retrieved 23 December 2017.</ref> Kgwedi moragonyana a nosa dino tsa gagwe tsa ntlha tsa maemo a magolo, a nosa dino tse tharo mo metsotsong e le lesome le borataro, fa Netherlands e fenya Portugal 7–0 mo motshamekong wa go ipatlela phatlha kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2015 le setlhophana sa botlhano sa UEFA.<ref>"[https://www.fifa.com/news/numbers-add-up-for-free-scoring-miedema-2901306 Numbers add up for free-scoring Miedema]". [[:en:FIFA|FIFA]]. 15 July 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Ka Phalane 2014, Miedema a tshameka seabe sa botlhokwa mo phenyong ya motshameko wa go iponna phatlha kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe kgatlhanong le Scotland. Mo legatong lantlha kwa Tynecastle Stadium, tlhago ya gagwe e telele ya kgopiwa ke motshwaradino wa Scotland Gemma Fay pele ga Martens a nosa kgwele e e neng e bowa. MaDutch ba ne ba fiwa tlhago ya penaliti fa Miedema a sena go kgopakgopediwa ke Frankie Brown mo lebokosong. Manon Melis a nosa tlhago eo ya penaliti a isa maDutch kwa phenyong ya 2–1 pele ga legato la bobedi in Rotterdam.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123228/http://sport.stv.tv/football/international/297161-scotland-1-2-netherlands-little-penalty-gives-scots-world-cup-hope/ Scotland 1–2 Netherlands: Little penalty gives Scots World Cup hope]". ''STV''. 26 October 2014. Archived from [http://sport.stv.tv/football/international/297161-scotland-1-2-netherlands-little-penalty-gives-scots-world-cup-hope/ the original] on 4 March 2016.</ref> Mo motshamekong wa bofelo wa go ipatlela phatlha kgatlhanong le Italy, Miedema a nosa dino tsotlhe tsa Dutch fa Netherlands e fenya ka palogotlhe ya 3–2 mme ba fetela kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa 2015.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf List of Players – Netherlands]" (PDF). [[:en:FIFA|FIFA]]. 30 May 2015. p. 16. Archived from [http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf the original] (PDF) on 10 April 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2015.</ref> O ne a fetsa e le ene monosi wa dino tse di kwa godimo gotlhegotlhe mo metshamekong eo ya go ipatlela phatlha ka dino tse lesome le borataro.<ref name=":6" /> Mokatisi Rojer Reijners o ne a galaletsa tlholego ya ga Miedema ya go feleletsa.<ref name=":8">Laverty, Richard (23 July 2017). "[https://www.ourgamemag.com/2017/07/23/miedema-netherlands-thriving-underdog-role/ Miedema, Netherlands Thriving as Underdogs]". ''Our Game Magazine''. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> Le fa a ne a santse a le mosha, o ne a kaiwa fa e le motshameka pele yo o abetsweng thata wa Yuropa pele ga Netherlands e iponna phatlha e le lantlha ka FIFA Women's World Cup.<ref>Taylor, Louise (5 June 2015). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2015/jun/05/womens-world-cup-2015-football-10-players-to-watch Women's World Cup 2015: 10 players to watch]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 14 June 2015.</ref> Fa a le dingwaga tse lesome le boferabobedi, dino tsa gagwe tse lesome le borataro tssa metshameko ya go ipatlela phatlha di ne tsa lekana le tsa rekote ya pele e e neng e beilwe ke Adriana Martin mme ya baya Miedema e le monosi yo o ko godimo wa bosupa mo ditsong tsa dikgaisano tsa boditshaba tsa basadi tsa UEFA.<ref name=":5" /> Miedema o gorogile kwa makgaolakgannyeng kwa Canada ka tlhogo e e opang thata le lenao le le gobetseng.<ref name=":9">Kassouf, Jeff (15 June 2015). "[https://equalizersoccer.com/2015/06/15/vivianne-miedema-netherlands-womens-world-cup-interview/ Dutch wunderkind Miedema still finding game at WWC]". ''The Equalizer''. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Le fa go ne go solofetswe thata, yo o neng a se mo seemong<ref>Gleeson, Mark (22 June 2015). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201104075406/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-women-dutch/dutch-look-to-womens-messi-for-upset-result-versus-japan-idUKKBN0P216420150622 Dutch look to women's Messi for upset result versus Japan]". [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]]. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</ref> Miedema a palelwa ke go boeletsa fomo ya gagwe ya pele ga kgaisano abo a palelwa ke go nosa fa Netherlands e fetela kwa karolong ya tsa bofelo tse lesome le borataro ka go fetsa mo maemong a boraro mo setlhophaneng sa bone,<ref>"[https://in.news.yahoo.com/dutch-look-women-messi-upset-result-versus-japan-111816852--sow.html Dutch look to women's Messi for upset result versus Japan]". ''Yahoo! News''. Reuters. 22 June 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2020.</ref> mme ba latlhegelwa ka dino tse pedi go e le kgatlhanong le Japan.<ref>"[https://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=422270 Japan beat the Netherlands 2–1 to advance to quarterfinals]". ''ESPN''. Associated Press. 23 June 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2020.</ref> O ne a kgobiwa marapo ke go tlhoka go tisetswa dikgwele se se neng sa fokotsa ditshono tsa gagwe tsa go ka nosa.<ref name=":9" /> Dingwaga tse pedi moragonyana ga foo, Miedema a dumalana le gore kgatelelo e e neng e le mo go ene ka sejana sa lefatshe sa 2015 e ne e utwala e tlhakatlhakanya tlhogo, mme o ne a itumedisitswe ke gore bangwe ba batshameki ba maDutch ba ba nang le talente ba ne ba epologa morago go fokotsa tebo e ntsi e e neng e le mo go ene.<ref name=":8" /> Ka 2022 o ne a senola fa a ratile go tlogela kgwele ya porofeshionale morago ga makgaolakgang a sejana sa lefatshe sa 2015.<ref name=":7" /> Ka 2017 UEFA European Championship a tswelela a tswerefala ka fa tlase ga kgatelelo, a nosa fa batshegetsi ba fenya Enyelane mo sekamakgaolakgannyeng ka dino tse tharo go lefela.<ref>Murray, Scott (3 August 2017). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2017/aug/03/holland-v-england-euro-2017-semi-final-live Holland 3–0 England: Euro 2017 semi-final – as it happened]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref><ref>Magowan, Alistair (3 August 2017). "[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40772081 Women's Euro 2017: England knocked out in semi-finals by Netherlands]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Miedema o ne a nosa gape dino tse pedi mo makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Denmark, se se neng se lekane go ka a fa maDutch sekgele sa ntlha sa bone sa Euro.<ref>Farrell, Dom (6 August 2017). "[https://www.goal.com/en/amp/news/miedema-fires-netherlands-to-euro-2017-title/1vnuc2rl4qtma13gdrv6nizyfo Miedema fires Netherlands to Euro 2017 glory]". ''[[:en:Goal_(website)|Goal]]''. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Morago ga kgaisano eo, setlhopha sotlhe se ne sa tlotliwa ke Prime Minister Mark Rutte le tona wa tsa metshameko Edith Schippers ebile ba dirwa bagale ba Order of Orange-Nassau.<ref name=":26">"[https://nos.nl/artikel/2199703-voetbalsters-oranje-geridderd-in-den-haag.html Voetbalsters Oranje geridderd in Den Haag]" [Football players Orange knighted in The Hague] (in Dutch). [[:en:Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting|Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]. 25 October 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano 2019, Miedema ya nna monosi yo o kwa godimo wa nako tsotlhe wa setlhopha sa setshaba sa Netherlands sa bomme morago ga go nosa nno ya gagwe ya masome a marataro mo phenyong ya dino tse tharo go e le nngwe kgatlhanong le Cameroon kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa 2019 kwa France.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190627092304/https://nos.nl/wk2019/artikel/2289197-recordhouder-miedema-na-dubbelslag-blij-dat-ik-dit-aan-het-team-kan-geven.html Recordhouder Miedema na dubbelslag: 'Blij dat ik dit aan het team kan geven]'" [Record holder Miedema after double hit: 'Glad I can give this to the team'] (in Dutch). [[:en:Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting|Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]. Archived from [https://nos.nl/wk2019/artikel/2289197-recordhouder-miedema-na-dubbelslag-blij-dat-ik-dit-aan-het-team-kan-geven.html the original] on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> O ne a feta rekote e e neng e tshwerwe ke Melis ebile a oketsa ketelelo pele ya gagwe fa godimo ga monosi wa dino wa setlhopha sa borre, Robin van Persie.<ref>van Warmerdam, Hidde; Reedijk, Tim (18 June 2019). "[https://www.ad.nl/wk-vrouwenvoetbal/miedema-zonde-dat-van-persie-niet-nog-tien-jaar-voetbalt~aae2bed7 Miedema: Zonde dat Van Persie niet nog tien jaar voetbalt]" [Miedema: It's a shame that Van Persie doesn't play football for another ten years]. ''[[:en:Algemeen_Dagblad|Algemeen Dagblad]]'' (in Dutch). Retrieved 30 June 2019.</ref> Ka phenyo ya Netherlands ya 2–0 kwa di quarter-finaleng kgatlhanong le Italy, a nosa dino tsotlhe, a bidiwa e le ene motshameki wa motshameko o o, ebile a is setlhopha sa maDutch kwa sekamakgaolakgang a sejana sa lefatshe e le lantlha.<ref>"[https://www.euronews.com/2019/06/29/dutch-head-into-world-cup-semis-after-2-0-win-over-italy Dutch head into World Cup semis after 2–0 win over Italy]". ''[[:en:Euronews|Euronews]]''. Retrieved 30 June 2019.</ref><ref>Bunting, Joshua (30 June 2019). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201126124242/https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-s-miedema-helps-dutch-into-world-cup-semi-1-6134473 Arsenal's Miedema helps Dutch to first World Cup semi-final]". ''[[:en:Islington_Gazette|Islington Gazette]]''. Archived from [https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-s-miedema-helps-dutch-into-world-cup-semi-1-6134473 the original] on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Tiragatso ya ga Miedema go ralala kgaisano e ne ya nna botlhokwa thata mo go iseng Netherlands kwa makgaolakgang, kwa ba ileng ba fenngwa 2–0 ke basireletsi ba sejana ebong Amerika.<ref>"[https://www.cnbc.com/2019/07/07/us-defeats-netherlands-2-0-in-fifa-womens-world-cup.html US defeats Netherlands to win record 4th Women's World Cup title]". [[:en:CNBC|CNBC]]. 7 July 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref>Mashiter, Nick (1 July 2020). "[https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/womens_football/vivianne-miedema-arsenal-fwa-award-womens-footballer-year-goals-video-a9595336.html Arsenal striker Vivianne Miedema named 'FWA Women's Footballer of the Year]". ''[[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]''. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> Kwa diolimpiking tsa selemo sa 2020 tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Tokyo ka 2021, Miedema a roba rekote ya di Olympic ka go nosa dino tse some mo metshamekong e le mene.<ref name=":10">"[https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2021/jul/30/usa-netherlands-olympic-soccer-quarter-finals-uswnt-alyssa-naeher Naeher the hero as USWNT avoid Olympic shootout heartbreak against Netherlands]". ''The Guardian''. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref> Mo metshamekong ya ditlhophana o ne a nosa gane kgatlhanong le Zambia mme a nosa gabedi kgatlhanong le Brazil le kgatlhanong le China.<ref>"[https://www.onsoranje.nl/nieuws/nederlands-vrouwenelftal/79276/oranjeleeuwinnen-halen-bij-olympisch-debuut-uit-tegen-zambia ORANJELEEUWINNEN HALEN BIJ OLYMPISCH DEBUUT UIT TEGEN ZAMBIA: 10–3]". ''Ons Oranje'' (in Dutch). 21 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210725055436/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/football/results-women-gpf-000400-.htm Football – Netherlands vs Brazil]". ''Olympics.com''. 24 July 2021. Archived from [https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/football/results-women-gpf-000400-.htm the original] on 25 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210726212637/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/football/results-women-gpf-000500-.htm Football – Netherlands vs China]". ''Olympics.com''. 27 July 2021. Archived from [https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/football/results-women-gpf-000500-.htm the original] on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.</ref> Mo quarter-finaleng kgatlhanong le Amerika, motshameko wa gagwe wa bo lekgolo wa Netherlands, Miedema o ne a nosa dino tsotlhe tsa maDutch mo malekeng a bobedi-bobedi. Mo tlhagong ya dipenaliti, motshwaradino wa Amerika Alyssa Naeher a thiba penaliti ya ga Miedema, mme maDutch ba ntshiwa.<ref name=":10" /> Mo motshamekong wa ntlha wa 2022 UEFA European Championship kwa Enyelane kgatlhanong le Sweden, Miedema a tsaya bokapotene fa Sari van Veenendaal a tswa mo lebaleng ka ntata ya kgobalo.<ref>Buddenberg, Fred (11 July 2022). "[https://www.trouw.nl/sport/de-band-om-de-arm-gaat-vivianne-miedema-niet-veranderen-anders-ben-je-geen-goede-aanvoerder~b3afcf40/?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F De band om de arm gaat Vivianne Miedema niet veranderen. 'Anders ben je geen goede aanvoerder.]'" [The captain's armband is not going to change Vivianne Miedema. 'Otherwise you are not a good captain']. ''[[:en:Trouw|Trouw]]'' (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 July 2022.</ref> Miedema a tlolwa ke metshameko e mebedi ya ditlhophana ka ntata ya bokoa jwa COVID-19.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/62185887 Euro 2022: Who are the big hitters England need to fear?]". ''[[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]''. 20 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.</ref> O ne a apara lebante la lebogo la mokapotene gape mo motshamekong wa quarter-finale kgatlhanong le France, o Netherlands e neng ya latlhegelwa ka nno go lefela.<ref>"[https://nos.nl/collectie/13906/artikel/2438049-van-domselaar-buigt-alleen-voor-franse-strafschop-oranjevrouwen-uitgeschakeld Van Domselaar buigt alleen voor Franse strafschop, Oranjevrouwen uitgeschakeld]" [Van Domselaar only bows for French penalty, Oranje women eliminated]. ''[[:en:Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting|Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]'' (in Dutch). 23 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.</ref> Miedema o ne a palelwa ke go tsenelela sejana sa lefatshe ka 2023 morago ga go kgagoga mosiha wa anterior cruciate ka Sedimonthole wa 2022.<ref>"[https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37637690/injured-vivianne-miedema-rules-world-cup-return Injured Netherlands star Vivianne Miedema predicts more ACL injuries at Women's World Cup]". ''[[:en:ESPN|ESPN]]''. 19 July 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2022.</ref> == Tsela ya tshameko == Miedema o godile a morotloetsi wa Feyenoord mme a tsamaisa tshameko ya gagwe jaaka Robin van Persie.<ref name=":11" /> Fa e le moDutch ebile a apara nomore ya lesome kwa Bayern Munich o ne a tshwantshanngwa le Arjen Robben.<ref name=":6" /> Mmegadikgang David Winner, mokwadi wa buka ka ga kgwele ya dinao ya Dutch, o bona tshameko ya gagwe e le tlhakano ya ga Marco van Basten le Dennis Bergkamp.<ref>Wieten, Jesse (31 December 2019). "[https://nos.nl/artikel/2316810-oranje-en-ajax-worden-weer-bewonderd-totaalvoetbal-5-0-of-zoiets.html Oranje en Ajax worden weer bewonderd: 'Totaalvoetbal 5.0 of zoiets]'" [Orange and Ajax are admired again: 'Total football 5.0 or something'] (in Dutch). [[:en:Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting|Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> A kaiwa e le monosi wa dino yo o kgonang mo go tseneleng, Miedema ga a ipeele seelo sa go nosa.<ref name=":14">Dunn, Carrie. "[https://www.goal.com/story/vivianne-miedema-superhero/index.html Superhero]". ''[[:en:Goal_(website)|Goal]]''. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> Motshameka pele wa pele wa Arsenal Kelly Smith fa a bua ka Miedema o ne a re, "o nosa dino ka lenao la gagwe la molema le lenao la moja, ka tlhogo, o thusa go dira dino. Ka fa go nna, ke motshameka pele yo o feletseng ebile ke ene yo o gaisang mo lefatsheng gompieno. O nna e le motshosetsi go sa kgatlhalesege gore ke motsotso wa bokafe mo tshamekong. Fa a le fa pele ga dipale go nna le boiketlo, go itsaa ka ledula mo a nang nago."<ref>Medlicott, Phil. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20220323225624/https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/arsenal-striker-vivianne-miedema-best-165032152.html Arsenal striker Vivianne Miedema is best player in world, says Kelly Smith]". [[:en:Yahoo!_Finance|Yahoo! Finance]]. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> Motshameki wa pele wa setlhopha sa setshaba sa Sweden, Nila Fischer o tlhalositse Miedema e le motshameki yo o kitso le botlhale: "O nna a leka go ya ka fa a sa bonweng ka teng a bo a dira motsamao fa wena o sa ipaakanya."<ref name=":12" /> Ka 2019, Miedema o ne a re o tshameka thata jaaka motshamekagare yo o tlhaselang: "Ke a itse gore ke na le bokgoni jwa go nosa dino, mme ke rata go thusa batho. Ke rata go boa ke ya go tsaya kgwele a bo ke bona gore a nka se romele mongwe ko pele ga dipale."<ref name=":13" /> Ka 2022 a simologa a simolola go tshameka fa gare go na le kwa pele.<ref>Rampling, Ali (3 March 2022). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20220309205629/https://www.90min.com/posts/jonas-eidevall-praises-vivianne-miedema-s-performance-in-number-10-role Jonas Eidevall praises Vivianne Miedema's performance in number 10 role"]. ''90min''. Archived from [https://www.90min.com/posts/jonas-eidevall-praises-vivianne-miedema-s-performance-in-number-10-role the original] on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.</ref> Motshameki wa pele wa Arsenal le Enyelane Ian Wright o ne a mmitsa motshamekapele yo o gaisang le motshamekisi yo o gaisang.<ref name=":7" /> O itsiwe ka go tlhoka go ipelela dino ebile o bolela gore bori ja gagwe botswa kwa go nneng bori ga kwa a tswang teng: "ga ke rate go nna motho yo mongwe le mongwe a mo lebelelang. Ke tiro yame. Ke itumela fa mongwe o sele a nosa. Ke ipela go fetisa."<ref>Steinberg, Jacob (17 November 2017). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/nov/17/vivianne-miedema-womens-football-equal-pay-arsenal-holland Vivianne Miedema: 'We put the same effort in – we deserve the same pay]'". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> == Botshelo ja gagwe == Miedema o mo kgolaganong ya lorato le motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Enyelane le motshameki ka ene wa pele wa Arsenal [[Beth Mead]].<ref>Mulkerrins, Jane (26 August 2022). "[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/beth-mead-i-play-my-best-football-when-im-angry-t0p7sqqxq Beth Mead: 'I play my best football when I'm angry]'". ''The Times Magazine''.</ref> Miedema o ne a le mo kgolagano le motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa moScottish le motshameki ka ene wa pele, Lisa Evans, dingwaga tse thataro.<ref>Bosgraaf, Mirjam (24 May 2019). "[https://www.volkskrant.nl/gs-b117b227 The best thing in London, tipped by Vivianne Miedema]". ''[[:en:De_Volkskrant|de Volkskrant]]'' (in Dutch). Retrieved 7 July 2019.</ref><ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58215296 Lisa Evans: West Ham sign Scotland midfielder on loan from Arsenal]". ''BBC Sport''. BBC. 14 August 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.</ref> Miedema le Mead ba itseela ntsa mmogo e ba e biditseng Myle Meadema ka Ngwanatsele 2023.<ref>Sohaam, Mukherjee (22 November 2023). "[https://www.goal.com/lists/beth-mead-vivianne-miedema-new-dog-myle/blt1dcdb34f6d0c99f0#csd78cafdb5f72dc5f Beth Mead and Vivianne Miedema have an adorable new family member! Lionesses star posts cute pictures of new dog Myle]". goal.com. Retrieved 24 November 2023.</ref> Kgaitsadie yo monnye mo go ene, Lars, le ene ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao, yo ka 2020 a neng a tshamekela FC Den Bosch.<ref name=":15">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200222155606/https://www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/artikel/4750466/wk-vrouwenvoetbal-frankrijk-vivianne-miedema-koprol-broer-lars-zus Lars Miedema over zus Vivianne: 'Scoren is gewoon haar job']" [Lars Miedema about sister Vivianne: 'Scoring is just her job'] (in Dutch). [[:en:RTL_Nederland|RTL Nederland]]. 27 August 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> A itsewe ka go tlhoka go ipelela dino tsa gagwe mo pepeneng, o ne a dira mo eseng ka fa tlwaelong fa a nna monosi yo o kwa godimo wa Netherlands ka 2019 morago ga gore monnawe a rotloetse gore a tshwae phitlhelelo eo.<ref name=":15" /> Miedema ke mokwadi-mmogo wa ''Vivianne voetbalt'', metseletsele ya dibuka tsa bana tsa metlae tse di nang le ene, di kwadile ka puo ya segabone ya seDutch.<ref name=":14" /><ref>Whyatt, Katie (27 April 2019). "[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2019/04/27/comic-book-hero-vivianne-miedema-wants-fairytale-finish-season/ Comic-book hero Vivianne Miedema wants a fairytale finish to a season for Arsenal]". ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved 30 October 2020.</ref> Miedema o ithutela UEFA-B coaching licence.<ref name=":16">Vissers, Willem (29 December 2020). "[https://www.volkskrant.nl/sport/topschutter-vivianne-miedema-voetbal-niet-voor-het-geld-leer-ik-jonge-meiden~b27b2994/ Topschutter Vivianne Miedema: 'Voetbal niet voor het geld, leer ik jonge meiden]'" [Top scorer Vivianne Miedema: 'Don't become a football player for the money, that's what I teach young girls'] (in Dutch). [[:en:De_Volkskrant|de Volkskrant]]. Retrieved 7 November 2021.</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a amogela digrata tsa gagwe tsa Masters mo thutong ya Football Business go tswa kwa Johan Cruyff Institute.<ref>"[https://johancruyffinstitute.com/en/blog-en/football-business/vivianne-miedema-womens-football/ Vivianne Miedema, an example of values for the new generations of women's football]". ''[[:en:Johan_Cruyff_Institute|Johan Cruyff Institute]]''. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 7 November 2021.</ref> Ka 2019, Miedema e ne ya nna moemedi wa War Child, ba bopelotlhomogi ba ba emelang bana ba ba tshelelang kwa go leng dintwa teng.<ref name=":16" /> Ka Ngwanatsele wa 2021, Miedema a tsenelela mokgatlho wa bopelotlhomogi wa Common Goal, a tlama 1% ya dituelo tsa gagwe go re e ye kwa mekgatlhong ya setshaba e e berekang le banana. Miedema o ne a re"Ke lesego gobo ke tshela toro ya me mme ke ikutlwa ke na le tshwanelo ya go thusa ba bangwe go tshela toro ya bone le bone. Ke itumetse go tsenelela Common Goal le go atlolosa thuso e nka e dirang kwa ntle ga lebala."<ref>Wrack, Suzanne (4 November 2021). "'[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/nov/04/vivianne-miedema-and-lisa-evans-join-common-goal-movement-arsenal Time for action is now' – Miedema and Evans join Common Goal movement]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 7 November 2021.</ref> Ka Mopitlo wa 2022 o ne a etelela thuso ya potlako e e neng e tlhokwa ke batswasetlhabelo ba ntwa ya Russia kwa Ukraine, ga mmogo le motshameki wa Juvetus, Paulo Dybala.<ref>McLaughlin, Luke (10 March 2022). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/10/vivianne-miedema-paulo-dybala-arsenal-juventus-common-goal-ukraine-war Miedema and Dybala back Common Goal's emergency Ukraine response]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|the Guardian]]''. Retrieved 12 March 2022.</ref> Ka September 2022, Miedema a bula lebala la Cruyff Court le le biditsweng ka ene kwa Hoogeveen; kwa lefelong le a neng a tshameka kwa go lone e sale ngwana.<ref>"[https://www.rtvdrenthe.nl/nieuws/14943773/vivianne-miedema-heropent-cruyff-court-in-hoogeveen Vivianne Miedema heropent Cruyff Court in Hoogeveen]". ''RTV Drente''. 7 September 2022. Retrieved 11 September 2022.</ref> == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == '''<big>Setlhopha</big>''' : ''Esale ka Motsheganong a le lesome le boferabobedi 2024'' {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha, setlha le kgaisano ! rowspan="2" |Setlhopha ! rowspan="2" |Setlha ! colspan="3" |Liki ! colspan="2" |Dikopi ! colspan="2" |Tsa kontinente ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe |- !Karolo !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="4" |SC Heerenveen |2011–12 |Eredivisie |17 |10 |2 |2 | colspan="2" |— |19 |12 |- |2012–13 | rowspan="2" |BeNe League |26 |27 |2 |2 | colspan="2" |— |28 |29 |- |2013–14 |26 |41 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |27 |42 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !69 !78 !5 !5 !0 !0 !74 !83 |- | rowspan="4" |Bayern Munich |2014–15 | rowspan="3" |Bundesliga |17 |7 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |19 |8 |- |2015–16 |22 |14 |4 |4 |2 |0 |28 |18 |- |2016–17 |22 |14 |3 |4 |6 |8 |31 |26 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !61 !35 !9 !9 !8 !8 !78 !52 |- | rowspan="8" |Arsenal |2017–18 | rowspan="7" |Super League |11 |4 |8 |4 | colspan="2" |— |19 |8 |- |2018–19 |20 |22 |8 |9 | colspan="2" |— |28 |31 |- |2019–20 |14 |16 |7 |3 |5 |10 |26 |29 |- |2020–21 |22 |18 |4 |6 | colspan="2" |— |26 |24 |- |2021–22 |22 |14 |4 |2 |12 |7 |38 |23 |- |2022–23 |8 |4 |0 |0 |7 |3 |15 |7 |- |2023–24 |9 |2 |5 |0 |0 |0 |14 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !106 !80 !36 !24 !24 !20 !166 !124 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya tiro !236 !193 !50 !38 !32 !28 !318 !259 |} '''<big>boditshabatshaba</big>''' Main article: Lenaane la dino tsa boditshabatshaba tse di nositsweng ke Vivianne Miedema : ''Esale ka motshameko o tshamekilweng ka Tlhakole a le masome a mabedi le boraro 2024'' {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha sa setshaba le ngwaga !Selhopha sa setshaba !Ngwaga !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="12" |Netherlands |2013 |4 |7 |- |2014 |14 |11 |- |2015 |12 |3 |- |2016 |10 |8 |- |2017 |21 |20 |- |2018 |7 |4 |- |2019 |19 |16 |- |2020 |4 |1 |- |2021 |13 |15 |- |2022 |11 |10 |- |2023 |2 |0 |- |2024 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !118 !95 |} == Ditlotla == '''Bayern Munich''' * Bundesliga: 2014–15, 2015–16<ref name=":2" /> '''Arsenal''' * FA WSL: 2018–19;<ref name=":2" /> * FA WSL Cup/FA Women's League Cup: 2017–18,<ref name=":2" /> 2022–23, 2023–24;<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/vivianne-miedema-leave-club Vivianne Miedema to leave the club]". ''Arsenal F.C''. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.</ref> maemo a bobedi: 2018–19, 2019–2 [[Setshwantsho:België - Nederland (14203469573).jpg|thumb|Miedema at age 17 during a match against [[:en:Belgium_women's_national_football_team|Belgium]] in 2014]] * FA Women's Cup maemo a bobedi: 2017–18, 2020–21 '''Netherlands U19''' * UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship: 2014<ref name=":2" /> '''Netherlands''' * UEFA Women's Championship: 2017<ref name=":2" /> * FIFA Women's World Cup maemo a bobedi: 2019<ref name=":2" /> * Tournoi de France: maemo a bobedi 2020<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201128192930/https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-trio-named-in-dutch-squad-1-6529611 Arsenal trio named in Netherlands squad for Tournoi de France]". ''Islington Gazette''. 24 February 2020. Archived from [https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-trio-named-in-dutch-squad-1-6529611 the original] on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.</ref> '''Individual''' * UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship Golden Player: 2014<ref name=":27">Aitken, Nick (25 February 2016). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20230715121833/https://www.womenssoccerunited.com/vivianne-miedema-interview/ Miedema: "Any player would want to go to Rio Olympics]"". Women's Soccer United. Archived from [https://www.womenssoccerunited.com/vivianne-miedema-interview/ the original] on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> * UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship-monosi wa dino yo o kwa godimo: 2014<ref name=":27" /> * BeNe League-monosi wa dino yo o kwa godimo: 2013–14<ref name=":27" /> * UEFA Women's Champions League-monosi wa dino yo o kwa godimo: 2016–17,<ref name=":18" /> 2019–20<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201108101605/https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/statistics/ UEFA Womens Champions League in numbers]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. Archived from [https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/statistics/ the original] on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref><ref>Saffer, Paul (30 August 2020). "[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0256-0e16aa197ee5-2e17a0fcaa4d-1000--hegerberg-reigns-as-all-time-top-scorer/ Hegerberg reigns as all-time top scorer]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> * UEFA Women's Championship Silver Boot: 2017<ref>"[http://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/news/newsid=2490097.html Jodie Taylor wins Women's EURO adidas Golden Boot]". ''UEFA.com''. Union of European Football Associations. 6 August 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2022.</ref> * BBC Women's-motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa ngwaga: 2021<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59400691 Vivianne Miedema named BBC Women's Footballer of the Year 2021]". BBC World Service. 29 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref> * FIFA Women's World Cup-setlhopha sa All-Star: 2019<ref name=":28">The all-star squad in 2019 was named "Players who Dared to Shine".^{[https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/6bd2fa3c769ee09c/original/lnpeuvaoc1v5tih9rf7p-pdf.pdf 120]} </ref> * FIFA FIFPro Women's World11: 2020,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201217185908/https://fifpro.org/en/industry/world-11/the-fifa-fifpro-women-s-world-11-of-2020 The FIFA FIFPRO Women's World 11 of 2019–2020 – FIFPRO World Players' Union]". ''FIFPRO''. 17 December 2020. Retrieved 17 December 2020.</ref> 2021<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20220118145524/https://fifpro.org/en/industry/world-11/2020-2021-women-s-fifa-fifpro-world-11-revealed 2020–2021 Women's FIFA FIFPRO World 11 Revealded]". ''FIFPRO''. 17 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.</ref> * IFFHS Women's-setlhopha sa lefatshe: 2020<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210613010326/https://www.iffhs.com/index.php/posts/809 IFFHS WORLD AWARDS 2020 – THE WINNERS]". IFFHS. 4 December 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.</ref> * PFA Women's Players'-motshameki wa ngwaga: 2018–19<ref name=":19" /><ref>"[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dB1JYv6IoAc PFA Awards 2019 live stream | Van Dijk wins POTY]". ''Evening Standard''. [[:en:YouTube|YouTube]]. 28 April 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2019.</ref> * FA Women's Super League Golden Boot: 2018–19,<ref>Small, Aidan (6 June 2019). "[https://www.arsenal.com/news/201819-stats-behind-our-title-winning-season 2018/19: The stats behind our title-winning season]". [[:en:Arsenal_F.C.|Arsenal]]. Retrieved 2 November 2020. <q>There's only one place to start – and that's with the Golden Boot winner, Vivianne Miedema.</q></ref> 2019–20<ref>"[https://womenscompetitions.thefa.com/en/Article/chelsea-take-individual-honours-160720 Blues take Barclays' honours]". [[:en:The_Football_Association|The Football Association]]. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref><ref>Bunting, Josh (16 July 2020). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201028230507/https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-s-miedema-collects-golden-boot-award-1-6750314 Arsenal's Miedema collects Golden Boot]". ''[[:en:Islington_Gazette|Islington Gazette]]''. Archived from [https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-s-miedema-collects-golden-boot-award-1-6750314 the original] on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.</ref> * FWA Women's-motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa ngwaga: 2019–20<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/53247330 Vivianne Miedema: Arsenal & Netherlands striker named FWA Women's Footballer of Year]". [[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]. 1 July 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref><ref>"[http://footballwriters.co.uk/editorial/vivianne-miedema-is-womens-footballer-of-the-year/ Vivianne Miedema is Women's Footballer of the Year]". [[:en:Football_Writers'_Association|Football Writers' Association]]. 1 July 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> * London Football Awards Women's-motshameki wa ngwaga: 2018–19, 2019–20<ref>"[https://londonfootballawards.org/the-winners/ The Winners Past & Present]". London Football Awards. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</ref> * Football Supporters' Association-motshameki wa ngwaga: 2019,<ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/dec/17/guardian-wins-football-supporters-association-newspaper-of-the-year-award-seventh-time-in-row Guardian wins FSA newspaper of the year award for seventh time in a row]". ''The Guardian''. 17 December 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2022.</ref> 2020,<ref>"[https://thefsa.org.uk/news/fsa-awards-in-association-with-begambleaware/ FSA Awards in association with BeGambleAware]". The FSA. 12 March 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2022.</ref> 2021<ref>Gillen, Nancy (30 November 2021). "[https://www.givemesport.com/1793971-alex-scott-becomes-first-woman-to-be-named-fsa-pundit-of-the-year-after-public-vote Alex Scott becomes first woman to be named FSA Pundit of the Year after public vote]". ''GiveMeSportW''. Retrieved 2 November 2022.</ref> * WSL PFA Fans'-motshameki wa ngwaga: 2019–20<ref>Bunting, Josh (24 August 2020). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201129102921/https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/football/arsenal/arsenal-striker-vivianne-miedema-named-player-of-the-year-1-6806420 Arsenal striker Vivianne Miedema voted WSL PFA player of the year]". ''[[:en:Islington_Gazette|Islington Gazette]]''. Archived from [https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/news/arsenal-striker-vivianne-miedema-named-player-of-the-year-3843054 the original] on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> * Her Football Hub-motshameki wa ngwaga: 2020<ref>Bunting, Joshua (15 December 2020). "[https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/vivianne-miedema-player-of-the-year-6754288 Arsenal's Miedema scoops Player of the Year award]". ''Islington Gazette''. Retrieved 11 November 2021.</ref> * PFA-setlhopha sa ngwaga: 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22<ref>"[https://www.thepfa.com/news/2022/6/9/pfa-awards-22-wsl-toty 2021–22 PFA WSL Team Of The Year]". ''The Professional Footballers' Association''. 9 June 2022. Retrieved 12 November 2022.</ref> * FA Women's Super League-motshameki wa kgwedi: October 2018,<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/miedema-named-october-wsl-player-month Miedema named October WSL Player of the Month]". ''www.arsenal.com''. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref> December 2019,<ref>"[https://twitter.com/BarclaysFAWSL/status/1213384573536624640 December Player of the Month]". Barclays FA WSL. 4 January 2020.</ref> October 2020<ref>Ambrose, Lewis (9 November 2020). "[https://onefootball.com/en/news/fa-wsl-reveal-player-and-manager-of-the-month-for-october-31715985 FA WSL reveal Player and Manager of the Month for October]". ''OneFootball''.</ref> * FA Women's Super League-nno ya kgwedi: December 2022<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/miedema-wins-wsl-goal-month-december Miedema wins WSL Goal of the Month for December]". ''Arsenal F.C''. 12 January 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2023.</ref> * Arsenal-motshameki wa setlha: 2019–20<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/vote-your-2021-womens-player-season Vote for your 20/21 Women's Player of the Season]". Arsenal F.C. 18 June 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2023.</ref> '''Orders''' * Knight of the Order of Orange-Nassau: 2017 == Direkote == : ''Esale ka Phukwi a le masome a mararo 2021'' '''Eredivisie''' * Motshameki yo monnye: age 15<ref name=":17" /> '''WSL''' * Dino tse di nositsweng go gaisa mo ditsong tsa liki: 79<ref>Bunting, Josh (15 April 2021). "[https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/miedema-voted-wsl-greatest-ever-player-7901992 Vivianne Miedema voted Women's Super League's greatest ever player]". ''[[:en:Islington_Gazette|Islington Gazette]]''. Retrieved 16 April 2021.</ref> * Go amega mo dinong mo go kwa godimo: 112<ref>Bunting, Joshua (15 December 2020). "[https://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/sport/vivianne-miedema-player-of-the-year-6754288 Arsenal's Miedema scoops Player of the Year award]". ''[[:en:Islington_Gazette|Islington Gazette]]''.</ref> * Go nosa dino tse tharo mo karolong ya ntlha mo go gaisang: 2<ref>Ruszkai, Ameé (24 October 2020). "[https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/vivianne-miedema-the-most-prolific-goal-scorer-and-possibly/t3l0cj2dxtnr1oqsidcpk54e0 Vivianne Miedema: The most prolific goalscorer and possibly the greatest player in Women's Super League history]". goal.com.</ref> * Dino tse dintsi mo setlheng se le sengwe: 22<ref>McElwee, Molly (28 June 2019). "[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-cup/2019/06/28/vivianne-miedemas-record-breaking-goals-can-take-holland-way/ Vivianne Miedema's record-breaking goals can take Holland all the way to World Cup glory]". The Telegraph.</ref> * Dino tse dintsi mo motshamekong o le mongwe: 6<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201121172449/https://arsenal.news/2019/12/01/arsenal-11-1-bristol-city-vivianne-miedema-becomes-first-wsl-player-to-score-double-hat-trick/ Arsenal 11–1 Bristol City: Vivianne Miedema becomes first WSL player to score double hat-trick]". ''Arsenal.com''. 1 December 2019. Archived from [https://arsenal.news/2019/12/01/arsenal-11-1-bristol-city-vivianne-miedema-becomes-first-wsl-player-to-score-double-hat-trick/ the original] on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2020.</ref> * Go amega mo dinong go hetisa botlhe mo motshamekong o le mongwe: 10 (dino tse 6, 4 assists)<ref name=":20" /> * Motshameki wa ntlha go amega mo dino tse lekgolo<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/football/60639543 WSL Arsenal v Birmingham: Arsenal's Vivianne Miedema reaches record 100 goal contributions in WSL]". ''[[:en:BBC_Sport|BBC Sport]]''. 6 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.</ref> * Motshameki wa ntlha go nosa kgatlhanong le ditlhopha tsotlhe<ref name=":21" /> '''Netherlands''' * Dino tse dintsi mo setlhopheng sa Under-17: 14<ref name=":22" /> * Dino tse dintsi mo setlhopheng se segolo: 95<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":25" /> '''Continental''' * Dino tse dintsi mo motshamekong o le mongwe wa metshameko ya UEFA Under-17: 8<ref name=":23" /> * Dino tse dintsi mo metshamekong ya UEFA Under-17: 22<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":24" /> * Dino tse dintsi mo metshamekong ya Yuropa ya go ipatlela phatlha kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe: 16 (a lekana le Adriana Martín)<ref name=":5" /> '''Olympics''' * Dino tse dintsi mo kgaisanong ya diOlimpiki e le nngwe: 10<ref name=":10" /> == Bona gape == * ''[[:en:The_100_Best_Female_Footballers_In_The_World|The 100 Best Female Footballers In The World]]'' * [[:en:List_of_foreign_FA_Women's_Super_League_players|List of foreign FA Women's Super League players]] * [[:en:List_of_FA_WSL_hat-tricks|List of FA WSL hat-tricks]] == Dintlha == # The all-star squad in 2019 was named "Players who Dared to Shine".<ref name=":28" /> == Metswedi == 4ii4h9de1ddj25azvra94znjax9wwz6 0 9568 52038 37849 2026-07-07T05:22:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52038 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Orkney Skara Brae.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Neolithic|Neolithic]] kwa [[:en:Skara_Brae|Skara Brae]], [[:en:Orkney|Orkney]], {{Circa|3,000 BC}}]] Mo kagong kgotsa mo sekepeng, phaposi ke lefelo lengwe le lengwe le le tswaletsweng ka fa gare ga palo ya mabota le go ka tsenwang fela ka kgoro kgotsa kago e nngwe e e kgaoganyang. Kgoro e e tsenang e e golaganya le tselana, phaposi e nngwe kgotsa le lefelo le le kwa ntle. Gantsi lefelo leno le legolo mo e leng gore batho ba le mmalwa ba ka kgona go tsamaya mo go lone. Bogolo, ditlamelo, dilwana tsa mo ntlong, le ka dinako tse dingwe go bewa ga phaposi mo teng ga kago kgotsa mo sekepeng (kgotsa ka dinako tse dingwe mo tereneng) go tshegetsa tiro e e tshwanetseng go dirwa mo go yone. == Histori == [[Setshwantsho:Castle Howard Lady Georgianas' Dressing Room.jpg|thumb|C[[:en:Castle_Howard|astle Howard]], "Lady Georgianas' Dressing Room"]] Go ya ka hisetori, go dirisiwa ga diphaposi go simolotse go dirisiwa mo dingwaong tsa bogologolo tsa Minoan mo e ka nnang ka 2200 B.C., koo go epololwa kwa Akrotiri kwa Santorini go senolang diphaposi tse di tlhalositsweng sentle mo teng ga dikago dingwe.<ref>"Archaeological Site of Akrotiri". ''Travel to Santorini: Santorini Island Guide''. Marinet Ltd. Retrieved 23 November 2009.[http://www.travel-to-santorini.com/place.php?place_id=40]</ref><ref>''Oxford Dictionaries'' (2013)</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Ateneul Român - Sala.jpg|thumb|Ateneul Român - Sala]] [[Setshwantsho:Salle des catalogues de la Bibliotheque Mazarine Paris.jpg|thumb|Salle des catalogues de la Bibliotheque Mazarine Paris]] Mo dikagong tsa bogologolo, mefuta e e farologaneng ya diphaposi e ne e ka tlhaolwa go akaretsa diphaposi tsa borobalo, diphaposi tsa boapeelo, diphaposi tsa botlhapelo, diphaposi tsa go amogela baeng le tse dingwe tse di kgethegileng. Go epololwa ga Akrotiri go go umakilweng fa godimo go senola diphaposi tse ka dinako tse dingwe di neng di agilwe kwa godimo ga diphaposi tse dingwe tse di neng di golagantswe ka ditepisi, dikamore tsa go tlhapela tse di nang le didirisiwa tsa alabasetere tse di jaaka megotswana ya go tlhapela, dibata tsa go tlhapela le matlwana a boithomelo, tsotlhe di golagantswe le tsamaiso e e raraaneng ya diphaepe tse pedi tsa letsopa tsa metsi a a tsididi le a a bolelo ka go farologana. <ref>"Archaeological Site of Akrotiri". ''Travel to Santorini: Santorini Island Guide''. Marinet Ltd. Retrieved 23 November 2009.[http://www.travel-to-santorini.com/place.php?place_id=40]</ref>Roma wa bogologolo e ne e na le mefuta e e raraaneng ya dikago tse di nang le mefuta e e farologaneng ya dikamore, go akaretsa le dikai tsa bogologolo tsa dikamore tse di neng di dirisediwa go tlhapela mo teng ga matlo. Tlhabologo ya Ba-Anasazi le yone e ne e na le thulaganyo e e raraaneng ya go aga diphaposi, e e ka tswang e le yone ya bogologolo go di gaisa tsotlhe kwa Amerika Bokone, fa Ba-Maya ba kwa Amerika Bogare bone ba ne ba na le thulaganyo e e raraaneng thata ya go aga diphaposi go tloga ka dingwaga di le makgolo a le mmalwa morago ga Keresete. Ka nako ya puso ya Han kwa China (mo e ka nnang ka 200 BC) , go ne ga nna le dikago tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di nang le diphaposi tse di phuthologileng, tse di neng di dirisediwa dilo tsa bodumedi le tsa setšhaba; dikago tseno di ne di na le diphaposi tse dintsi mme di ne di na le dikago tse di golaganeng tsa diphaposi. == Mefuta ya diphaphosi == '''phaphosi ya tiro''' [[Setshwantsho:Akha Kitchen.JPG|thumb|Akha Kitchen]] Diphaposi dingwe di ne di diretswe go thusa mo tirong ya mo ntlong, tse di jaaka boapeelo, diphaposi tsa go baya dijo le diphaposi tse di kwa tlase tsa go boloka dijo, tsotlhe di ne di dirisediwa go apaya le go boloka dijo. Ofisi e e kwa gae kgotsa lefelo la go ithuta le ka dirisiwa go dira ditiro tsa mo gae kgotsa tsa kgwebo. Diphaposi dingwe tsa tiro di tlhomilwe go ya ka tiro e e ikaeletsweng: ka sekai, phaposi ya go roka e dirisediwa go roka, mme phaposi ya go tlhatswa e dirisediwa go tlhatswa le go aena diaparo. Diphaposi tse dingwe di diretswe go thusa gore go nne motlhofo le gore go nne phepa, tse di jaaka ntlwana ya boithomelo le ntlwana ya botlhapelo, tse di ka kopanngwang mmogo kgotsa tse di ka nnang mo diphaposing tse di farologaneng. Ntlo ya boithomelo e e dirisediwang batho botlhe ke yone e gantsi e nang le ntlwana ya boithomelo le lefelo la go tlhapa diatla, mme gantsi ga e na shaoara kgotsa bata. Matlwana a go tlhapa a teng fela mo mafelong a metshameko ya diatleletiki kgotsa mo mafelong a go tshamekiwang mo metsing a a nang le phaposi ya go fetola diaparo Mo lekgolong la bo17, la bo18 le la bo19 la dingwaga, batho ba ba neng ba kgona go duelela dilo tseno ba ne ba di baya mo mafelong a a farologaneng. Kitšhini e ne ya kgaoganngwa le karolo e kgolo ya ntlo, kgotsa moragonyana ya tsenngwa mo kamoreng e e kwa tlase, go fokotsa kotsi ya molelo le go boloka mogote le monko wa go apaya kgakala le ntlo e kgolo mo dikgweding tse di bothitho. Ntlwana ya boithomelo, e gantsi e neng e le ntlwana ya boithomelo e e sa raraanang, e ne e bewa mo ntlwaneng e e kwa ntle kgotsa mo ntlwaneng e e kwa thoko, gore monko le ditshenekegi di se ka tsa tsena mo ntlong e kgolo. '''phaphosi ya botsalano''' Go ne ga nna le mefuta e e farologaneng ya dikamore fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, tse boikaelelo jwa tsone jo bogolo e neng e le go tsalana le batho ba bangwe. Mo makgolong a dingwaga a a fetileng, gantsi matlo a magolo a ne a na le holo e kgolo. Phaposi eno e ne ya bidiwa jalo ka gonne e ne e le kgolo thata, go sa kgathalesege gore e ne e le ya maemo a a kwa godimo go le kana kang. Kwa tshimologong e ne e le phaposi ya botlhe mme go ka direga gore e ne e le mo ntlong ya segosi. Mo phaposing eno, batho ba ba neng ba na le kgwebo le mong wa lefelo leo kgotsa ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba ka kopana. E re ka e ne e le phaposi e kgolo go di gaisa tsotlhe, e ne e ka dirisiwa gape e le phaposi ya bojelo ya meletlo e megolo, kgotsa e ne e ka ntshiwa ditafole, ya tshamekiwa mmino, ya bo ya fetolwa go nna phaposi ya go bina. Kafa thoko ga ntlo, kana mo karolong e nngwe ya ntlo, go ka nna ga bo go na le kamore ya bonno, e e dirisiwang jaaka kamore e e nang le sephiri se segolo, e lelapa la mong wa ntlo le ditsala tsa bone ba ka buisanang mo go yone. Phaposi ya bonno, phaposi ya boikhutso, kana kamore ya boikhutso ke lefelo le go etelwang le go itlosa bodutu mo go lone. E e kgabisitsweng ka tsela e e kgatlhang monna e ka nna ya bidiwa logaga lwa monna; mo mokgweng wa bogologolo, khabinete eno e ne e dirisiwa ke banna ba ba neng ba batla kamore e e farologaneng. Matlo mangwe a magolo a na le diphaposi tse di kgethegileng tsa boitlosobodutu; tseno di ka nna tsa akaretsa laeborari, bobogelo jwa mo gae, phaposi ya go tshameka di-billiard, phaposi ya metshameko, kana phaposi ya mmino. '''phaphosi ya borobalo''' Kamore ya borobalo ke phaposi e bolao bo leng mo go yone, mme boikaelelo jwa yone jo bogolo ke go robala. Kamore ya borobalo e kgolo e ka nna ya bo e na le ntlwana ya boithomelo. Kamore ya baeng ke kamore ya borobalo e gantsi e dirisiwang ke baeng ba ba tlileng go robala koo. Phaposi ya borobalo ke phaposi e masea kgotsa bana ba bannye ba robalang mo go yone. E ka nna ya bo e kgaogane le phaposi ya go tshamekela, e leng phaposi e ditshamekisi tsa bana di bewang mo go yone. Dikamore tsa borobalo di ka dirisediwa dilo tse dingwe. Ntlo e kgolo e ka nna ya nna le diphaposi tse di farologaneng tsa ditiro tse dingwe, jaaka phaposi ya go fetola diaparo (e e bonwang gape mo mabenkeleng a diaparo le mo dikgwebong tse batho ba tlhokang go fetola diaparo tsa bone, mme ba sa tlhoke go robala). Mo dinakong tsa Tudor, kamore ya borobalo e ne e ka nna ya nna le phaposi e e kwa thoko, ya go rapela le go batla go nna o le nosi; kakanyo eno ya kago e nna e le teng mo phaposing ya polokelo.<ref>Lane, Megan (2011-04-12). "The story of our rooms". ''BBC News''. Retrieved 2018-07-11.[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-12483492]</ref> Kwa United Kingdom, matlo a le mantsi a agiwa gore a nne le phaposi ya mabokoso (phaposi ya mabokoso kana phaposi ya mabokoso) e e lemotshegang motlhofo, e le potlana go na le tse dingwe. E re ka dikamore tseno di le dinnye, ga di kgone go dirisiwa ka botlalo, mme gantsi di dirisiwa e le dikamore tse dinnye tsa borobalo tsa motho a le mongwe, dikamore tsa borobalo tsa bana ba bannye kgotsa dikamore tsa bobolokelo. Dikamore tse dingwe tsa mabokoso di ka nna le modiri wa mo gae yo o nnang mo go tsone. Ka tlwaelo, e ne e bonwa mo matlong a naga le a ditoropo go fitlha ka bo1930 kwa Boritane, phaposi ya mabokoso e ne e le ya go boloka mabokoso, ditanka, diporomente le tse dingwe, go na le go dirisiwa jaaka phaposi ya borobalo. <ref>''Oxford English Dictionary'' 3rd Ed. (2003)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary]</ref> Kwa Ireland, phaposi ya go boela morago ke phaposi ya lebokoso e e okeditsweng fa gare ga matlhatlaganyane kwa ntlheng ("go boela morago") ya ditepisi.<ref>Morash, Christopher (2023). "The North Inner City". ''Dublin: A Writer's City''. Cambridge University Press: 142–163. doi:10.1017/9781108917810.008. ISBN <bdi>978-1-108-91781-0</bdi>. Retrieved 17 November 2023.[https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781108917810.008]</ref><ref>"Full Glossary for Dubliners". ''www.cliffsnotes.com''. CliffsNotes. Retrieved 17 November 2023.[https://www.cliffsnotes.com/literature/d/dubliners/study-help/full-glossary-for-dubliners]</ref> Dikamore tsa go boela morago di ka tsenngwa jaaka dikoketso, mme ka dinako tse dingwe di dirisiwa kgotsa di fetolwa go dira ditiro tse dingwe jaaka boapeelo kgotsa ntlwana ya boithomelo.<ref>"Housing (Gaeltacht) (Amendment) Bill, 1953—Second Stage. – Dáil Éireann (14th Dáil) – Wednesday, 25 Feb 1953 – Houses of the Oireachtas". ''www.oireachtas.ie''. Houses of the Oireachtas. 25 February 1953. Retrieved 17 November 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20240411031457/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1953-02-25/53/#spk_226]</ref><ref>"Building description | Dublin City Council". ''www.dublincity.ie''. 16 March 2023. Retrieved 17 November [https://www.dublincity.ie/built-last-case-studies/case-study-leeson-street-upper-mid-terrace-two-storey-house-1840/building-description 2023]</ref> Kamore ya balwetse ke kamore e e kgethegileng, ka dinako tse dingwe e le kgolo go ka tshola bolao, mo leloko la lelapa le ka tlhokomelwang sentle le go kgaoganngwa le ba bangwe ba lelapa fa a ntse a fola bolwetse. '''phaposi e e dirisediwang dilo tse dintsi''' Mo matlong a mannye, dikamore di le dintsi di ne di na le dilo tse di farologaneng. Mo foleteng e e nang le bolao jo bonnye, foleteng e e nang le batho ba le bantsi, kgotsa foleteng e e nang le disutu tse pedi, phaposi e le nngwe fela e ka nna ya dira ditiro di le dintsi, kwantle fela ga ntlwana ya boithomelo le ya go tlhapa. Mefuta ya diphaposi tse di dirisediwang dilo tse di farologaneng e akaretsa phaposi e kgolo, e e tlosang bontsi jwa mabota le dikgoro tse di fa gare ga ntlwana ya boapeelo, ya bojelo le ya bonno, go dira lefelo le le bulegileng le legolo. Mo mafelong a mangwe, kamore ya mosadi e ne e le kamore ya go robala le lefelo le go ka lalediwang ditsala di le mmalwa kwa go lone. Mo go tse dingwe, kamore ya go robala e ne e le kamore e e kwa pele ga kamore ya gagwe ya borobalo. '''phaphosi ya go tlhapa''' Kamore e e nang le ntlwana ya boithomelo ke mofuta wa kamore e e akaretsang kamore ya poraefete, ntlwana ya boithomelo ya poraefete le kgoro ya go tsena kwa ntlwaneng ya boapeelo ya botlhe.<ref>Sharp, Kay; Walker, Harriet (2003). "A microbiological survey of communal kitchens used by undergraduate students". ''International Journal of Consumer Studies''. '''27''' (1): 11–16. doi:10.1046/j.1470-6431.2003.00282.x. ISSN 1470-6431.[https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1470-6431.2003.00282.x]</ref> Ntlo ya botlhatswetso gantsi e na le ntlwana ya botlhatswetso, sinki le ntlwana ya boithomelo. "En-suite" gantsi e kaya lefelo le le kwa thoko, segolobogolo fa e le la baithuti. Dikamore tse di nang le ntlwana ya boithomelo ya baithuti di diretswe go tlamela lefelo la go ithuta le tikologo e e nang le kagiso. <ref>Hubbard, Phil (2009-01-01). "Geographies of studentification and purpose-built student accommodation: Leading separate lives?". ''Environment and Planning A''. '''41''' (8): 1903–1923. Bibcode:2009EnPlA..41.1903H. doi:10.1068/a4149. S2CID 146790480.[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46559819]</ref> == Metswedi == gzizargh3vi2wue0d69e9a9jwkt0u4f 0 9752 52030 38661 2026-07-06T15:49:47Z ~2026-38484-51 12928 52030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Georgia Stanway|image=|caption=|full_name=Georgia Marie Stanway<ref name="fifa" />|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1999|1|03}}|birth_place=[[Barrow-in-Furness]], England|height={{convert|1.64|m|order=flip}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fcbayern.com/frauen/de/teams/1.-mannschaft/georgia-stanway |title=Georgia Stanway |publisher=FC Bayern Munich |access-date=4 July 2023 }}</ref>|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]]|clubnumber=31|youthclubs1=[[Blackburn Rovers L.F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]]|youthyears1=–2015|clubs1=[[Blackburn Rovers L.F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]]|years1=2015|caps1=5|goals1=6|clubs2=[[Manchester City W.F.C.|Manchester City]]|years2=2015–2022|caps2=109|goals2=39|clubs3=[[FC Bayern Munich (women)|Bayern Munich]]|years3=2022–2026|caps3=42|goals3=12|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Women's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fbw|ENG}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA Women's Championship]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[UEFA Women's Euro 2022|2022 England]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Women's Finalissima|UEFA–CONMEBOL Finalissima]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2023 Women's Finalissima|2023 England]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023 Australia and New Zealand]]|}} {{Medal|Competition|[[FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018 France]]|}}|nationalteam-update=22:00, 4 June 2024 (UTC)|club-update=11:40, 21 May 2024 (UTC)<ref name=Soccerway>{{cite web|url=http://uk.women.soccerway.com/players/georgia-stanway/387555/|publisher=Soccerway|access-date=4 November 2017|title=Georgia Stanway profile|archive-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119101908/https://uk.women.soccerway.com/players/georgia-stanway/387555/|url-status=dead}}</ref>|nationalteam1=[[England women's national under-15 football team|England U15]]|nationalyears1=2012–2014|nationalcaps1=1|nationalgoals1=0|nationalteam2=England U15 Schoolgirls<ref name=BDC14Matches/>|nationalyears2=2014|nationalcaps2=3|nationalgoals2=3|nationalteam3=[[England women's national under-17 football team|England U17]]|nationalyears3=2014–2016|nationalcaps3=27|nationalgoals3=23|nationalteam4=[[England women's national under-19 football team|England U19]]|nationalyears4=2017–2018|nationalcaps4=7|nationalgoals4=6|nationalteam5=[[England women's national under-20 football team|England U20]]|nationalyears5=2018–2019|nationalcaps5=7|nationalgoals5=6}} '''Georgia Marie Stanway''' (yo o tshotsweng Firikgong a tlhola malatsi a mararo ka 1999) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa kwa Enyelane yo o tshamekang fa gare a tlhasela mo setlhopheng sa Frauen-Bundesliga sa [[FC Bayern Munich (bomme)|Bayern Munich]] le setlhopha sa setshaba sa Enyelane. Stanway o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya setlhopha se segolo kwa Blackburn Rovers pele a ya kwa Manchester City abo a fenya bosimega ja WSL ka 2016, ga mmogo le FA Cup ga raro le League Cup. Mo setlheng sa gagwe le Bayern ba ne ba fenya Frauen-Bundesliga. Stanway gape o emetse Enyelane kwa maemong a bonana ka go farologana, go akaretsa le go kapotena setlhopha sa U17 pele ga a bona tshameko ya gagwe ya ntlha le setlhopha se segolo ka 2018. Stanway o ne a nopolwa mo BBC Young Sports Personality of the Year ka 2016 le motshameki yo monnye wa ngwaga wa mme wa PFA ka 2017.<ref>"[https://www.thepfa.com/news/2017/4/13/womens-pfa-young-player-of-the-year Women's PFA Young Player of the Year 2017 in association with Sodexo]". The PFA. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 30 June 2017.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo wa 2018, o ne a bidiwa kwa setlhopheng sa setlha sa UEFA Women's Champions League mme ka 2019 a fenya motshameki yo monnye wa ngwaga wa mme wa PFA. Le Enyelane Stanway ke mofenyi wa 2022 Euro, a nosa kgatlhanong le Norway le Spain mo kgaisanong eo, o fentse Arnold Clark Cup gabedi ga mmogo le maemo a bobedi kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa 2023. == Dingwaga tsa pele == Georgia Marie Stanway o tshotswe ka Firikgong a le gararo ka 1999 kwa Barrow-in-Furness, kwa Cumbria,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190527124414/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWWC/2019/pdf/FWWC_2019_SQUADLISTS.PDF FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019™ List of Players – England]" (PDF). [[:en:FIFA|FIFA]]. 27 May 2019. p. 8. Archived from [https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWWC/2019/pdf/FWWC_2019_SQUADLISTS.PDF the original] (PDF) on 27 May 2019. Retrieved 27 May 2019.</ref> mongwe wa bana ba motho ba le bane a na le bokgaitsadie ba le bararo, ba akaretsa Wyll Stanway. O simolotse go tshameka kgwele ya dinao a le monnye, ka e ne e le se bokgaitsadie ba neng ba se dira, mme fa a le dingwaga tse tharo o ne a ikatisa le bone kwa setlhopheng sa under-7, a bua gore ka dingwaga tseo o ne a sa itse gore o dirang, ke ne ke itlhagela kgwele fela mme ke e rata.<ref name=":0">Chabo, Elena. "[https://www.stylist.co.uk/people/georgia-stanway-interview-manchester-city-england-forward-womens-football-team-sport/260621 Georgia Stanway talks teamwork, mindfulness, and the future of women's football]". ''Stylist''. No. 460. Retrieved 27 May 2019.</ref> O ne a tswelela a tshameka kwa setlhopheng sa basimane go fitlhela a nna dingwaga tse lesome le boraro;<ref name=":0" /> ka 2022, mo karolong ya letsholo la "Where Greatness Is Made" letlapa le le neng le tlotla Stanway le ne la bewa kwa Furness Rovers.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230402021108/https://www.90min.com/posts/england-euro-2022-winners-honoured-gold-plaques-local-football-clubs England's Euro 2022 winners honoured with gold plaques at local football clubs]". ''90min''. 22 September 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2023.</ref> Ga mmogo le kgwele ya dinao, Stanway o ne a tshameka kirikete mmogo le bokgaitsadie, mme a emela Cumbria kwa county cricket kwa maemong a under-13 le under-17.<ref name=":1">"[https://stats.acscricket.com/Archive/Players/1107/1107523/1107523.html Georgia Stanway]". ''[[:en:The_Association_of_Cricket_Statisticians_and_Historians|The Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians]]''. Retrieved 16 February 2024.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:20171004 UWCL SKN-MCW StPoelten Georgia Stanway 850 1317.jpg|left|thumb|Stanway a tshamekela Manchester City ka 2017–18 Champions League]] [[Setshwantsho:England Women 0 New Zealand Women 1 01 06 2019-1025 (47986453172).jpg|thumb|Stanway a tshamekela England]] Gape o emetse Cumbria mo khgweleng ya dinao, a tshamekela Cumbria Schoolgirls mo dikgaisanong tsa English Schools' Football Association kwa maemong a dikgaolo ka 2013 le 2014; le fa setlhopha sa county se ne sa latlhegelwa metshameko yotlhe ya sone, Stanway o ne a tlhophiwa go ya kwa setlhopheng sa boditshabatshaba se se neng se le sesha go tlhamiwa sa England Schoolgirls under-15 se se ileng sa fenya Bob Docherty Cup ka 2014.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20161114075751/http://www.northerncountiessfa.org.uk/index.php?page=2012-13 Northern Counties Schools Football Association – Season 2012–2013]". ''Northern Counties FA''. June 2013. Archived from [http://www.northerncountiessfa.org.uk/index.php?page=2012-13 the original] on 14 November 2016.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20161114071342/http://www.northerncountiessfa.org.uk/index.php?page=2013-14 Northern Counties Schools Football Association – Season 2013–2014]". ''Northern Counties FA''. June 2014. Archived from [http://www.northerncountiessfa.org.uk/index.php?page=2013-14 the original] on 14 November 2016.</ref> O ne e le ene motshameki fela go nosa mo metshamekong yotlhe.<ref>"[https://schoolsfootball.org/international-squads/u15-girls-historical-performances/esfa-u15-schoolgirls-historical-fixtures-results/season-13-14-u15-girls/ Schools Football U15 Girls Results Season 13/14]". ''English Schools' Football Association''. 22 August 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2023.</ref> Stanway o ne a tswa kwa Cumbria a ya Manchester a le dingwaga tse lesome le borataro go ya go sala morago tiro ya kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale, a ya kwa Manchester City.<ref name=":0" /> A tsene kwa Dowdales School kwa Cumbria,<ref name=":1" /> o ne a ya kwa St Bede's College kwa Manchester, jaaka motshameki ka ene [[Keira Walsh]] a dirile pele ga gagwe.<ref>Slater, Chris (19 August 2023). "[https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/teachers-who-inspired-greater-manchester-27548189 The teachers who inspired the Lioness stars to World Cup glory]". ''Manchester Evening News''. Retrieved 19 August 2023.</ref> == Metswedi == 8azius7918wpt7m1y8p8m8ywziwb7gh 0 10860 52055 41874 2026-07-07T10:27:44Z Vhanuele 12946 proper setswana spelling 52055 wikitext text/x-wiki Tlholego ya [[Botswana]] e akaretsa tlholego ya bogologolo jwa naga le ditso tsa merafe ya kgaolo eo, puso ya bokolone ya ga Mmamosadinyana e bitswa [[Bechuanaland]], le lefatshe la gompieno la Rephaboliki ya Botswana. Batho ba ntlha ba mo nakong ya sejoale-joale go nna mo Botswana e ne e le [[Basarwa]], mme temo e simolotse go tlhabologa dingwaga di ka nna 2,300 tse di fetileng. Batho ba [[:en:Bantu_peoples|Bantu]] ba ntlha ba gorogile ka c. 200 AD, mme Batswana ba ntlha ba ne ba goroga dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a mabedi morago ga moo. [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]] ba ba ne ba ikgaoganya go nna merafe e e farologaneng mo dingwageng tse di sekete tse di latelang fa go fuduga go ne go tswelela mo kgaolong eo, go felela ka [[:en:Difaqane|Mfecane]] mafelong a ngwaga wa bo 1800. Batho ba kwa [[:en:European_exploration_of_Africa|Yuropa]] ba ne ba simolola go kopana le bone ka 1816, mme seo se ne sa dira gore go nne le tumelo ya [[:en:Christianization|Sekeresete]] mo kgaolong eo. Ka ntlha ya matshosetsi go tswa kwa lefatsheng la Jeremane ba [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|German South West Africa]] le ma [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|Afrikaner]], dikgosi tsa Batswana tse di neng di na le maatla a magolo di ne tsa buisana ka go kopa tshireletso kwa go Mmamosadinyana ka ngwaga wa 1885. Mmamosadinyana o ne a ne a kgaoganya Botswana ka dikgaolo tsa semorafe gore kgaolo e nngwe le nngwe e busiwe ke kgosi ya yone, a naya dikgosi tse maatla a a fetang a di neng di na le one pele, mme ka tsela nngwe ba ne ba na le taolo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya ka tlhamalalo mo nageng e ba neng ba e sireletsa. Puso ya Mmamosadinyana e ne ya nna le seabe se segolo go simolola ka bo1930. Botswana e ne ya tshegetsa go nna le seabe ga [[:en:British_Empire_in_World_War_II|Mmamosadinyana mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi]] mme bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba lwa e le karolo ya [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|African Auxiliary Pioneer Corps.]] Go ne ga nna le ngangisano ya bogosi ka dingwaga tsa bo1950 fa kgosi ya Bangwato, Seretse Khama, a ganetsana le mmusimogolo wa gagwe, Tshekedi Khama. Lenyalo la ga Seretse le mosadi wa lekgoa, Ruth Williams Khama, le ne la dira gore Baesemane ba mo thibele go tsena mo nageng e e neng e ba sireletsa. O ne a boa ka 1956 a engwe nokeng ke bontsi jwa batho, mme merafe e ne ya simolola go nna le puso e e itlhophelwang go bopiwa puso ya batho ka batho. Palamente ya bosetšhaba e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961, abo mekgatlho ya sepolotiki ya simolola go tlhamiwa. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa Bechuanaland Democratic Party, e e neng ya amogelwa ke puso ya ga Mmamosadinyana go etelela pele morago ga boipuso, mme e ne ya bona tshegetso e kgolo mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha ka 1965. Naga ya Botswana e ne ya fiwa boipuso jo bo feletseng ka 1966. Ka taolo e e nonofileng, Seretse le mokgatho wa gagwe ba ne ba tsenya mo tirisong puso ya batho ka batho abo ba simolola go tlhabolola mafaratlhatlha mo go se e neng e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng. Go ne ga bonwa diteemane tse dintsi ka 1969, mme seo se ne sa dira gore itsholelo ya Botswana e rulaganngwe sesha ka tsela e kgolo yeo. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e ne ya tlhamiwa ka 1978, mme Botswana e ne ya nna lefatshe la itsolelo e e golang ka bonako go gaisa mafatshe tsotlhe mo lefatsheng. [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Botswana|Leroborobo la HIV/AIDS]] le ne laa apara ne lefatshe la Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo1980, mme dingwaga tsa bo1990 di ne tsa tla ka go tsenngwa ga makoko a sepolotiki morago ga matlhabisaditlhong a sepolotiki a Khomišene ya Kgabo. Lekoko la Botswana Democratic Party le ne la nna lekoko le le busang go tloga ka boipuso go fitlha fa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya [[:en:2024_Botswana_general_election|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2024]]. == Hisetori Pele Ga Bokoloniale == svt05cvuwu4avyzm87mbno8ywphjpsd 52056 52055 2026-07-07T10:32:19Z Vhanuele 12946 setswana spelling and gramar correction 52056 wikitext text/x-wiki Tlholego ya [[Botswana]] e akaretsa tlholego ya bogologolo jwa naga le ditso tsa merafe ya kgaolo eo, puso ya bokolone ya ga Mmamosadinyana e bitswa [[Bechuanaland]], le lefatshe la gompieno la Rephaboliki ya Botswana. Batho ba ntlha ba mo nakong ya sejoale-joale go nna mo Botswana e ne e le [[Basarwa]], mme temo e simolotse go tlhabologa dingwaga di ka nna 2,300 tse di fetileng. Batho ba [[:en:Bantu_peoples|Bantu]] ba ntlha ba gorogile ka c. 200 AD, mme Batswana ba ntlha ba ne ba goroga dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a mabedi morago ga moo. [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]] ba ba ne ba ikgaoganya go nna merafe e e farologaneng mo dingwageng tse di sekete tse di latelang fa go fuduga go ne go tswelela mo kgaolong eo, go felela ka [[:en:Difaqane|Mfecane]] mafelong a ngwaga wa bo 1800. Batho ba kwa [[:en:European_exploration_of_Africa|Yuropa]] ba ne ba simolola go kopana le bone ka 1816, mme seo se ne sa dira gore go nne le tumelo ya [[:en:Christianization|Sekeresete]] mo kgaolong eo. Ka ntlha ya matshosetsi go tswa kwa lefatsheng la Jeremane ba [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|German South West Africa]] le ma [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|Afrikaner]], dikgosi tsa Batswana tse di neng di na le maatla a magolo di ne tsa buisana ka go kopa tshireletso kwa go Mmamosadinyana ka ngwaga wa 1885. Mmamosadinyana o ne a ne a kgaoganya Botswana ka dikgaolo tsa semorafe gore kgaolo e nngwe le nngwe e busiwe ke kgosi ya yone, a naya dikgosi tse maatla a a fetang a di neng di na le one pele, mme ka tsela nngwe ba ne ba na le taolo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya ka tlhamalalo mo nageng e ba neng ba e sireletsa. Puso ya Mmamosadinyana e ne ya nna le seabe se segolo go simolola ka bo1930. Botswana e ne ya tshegetsa go nna le seabe ga [[:en:British_Empire_in_World_War_II|Mmamosadinyana mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi]] mme bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba lwa e le karolo ya [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|African Auxiliary Pioneer Corps.]] Go ne ga nna le ngangisano ya bogosi ka dingwaga tsa bo1950 fa kgosi ya Bangwato, Seretse Khama, a ganetsana le mmusimogolo wa gagwe, Tshekedi Khama. Lenyalo la ga Seretse le mosadi wa lekgoa, Ruth Williams Khama, le ne la dira gore Baesemane ba mo thibele go tsena mo nageng e ba neng e ba sireletsa. O ne a boa ka 1956 ka kemo nokeng ya bontsi jwa batho, mme merafe e ne ya simolola go nna le puso e e itlhophelwang go bopiwa puso ya batho ka batho. Palamente ya bosetšhaba e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961, abo mekgatlho ya sepolotiki ya simolola go tlhamiwa. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa Bechuanaland Democratic Party, e e neng ya amogelwa ke puso ya ga Mmamosadinyana go etelela pele morago ga boipuso, mme e ne ya bona tshegetso e kgolo mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha ka 1965. Naga ya Botswana e ne ya fiwa boipuso jo bo feletseng ka 1966. Ka taolo e e nonofileng, Seretse le mokgatho wa gagwe ba ne ba tsenya mo tirisong puso ya batho ka batho abo ba simolola go tlhabolola mafaratlhatlha mo go se e neng e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng. Go ne ga bonwa diteemane tse dintsi ka 1969, mme seo se ne sa dira gore itsholelo ya Botswana e rulaganngwe sesha ka tsela e kgolo yeo. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e ne ya tlhamiwa ka 1978, mme Botswana e ne ya nna lefatshe la itsolelo e e golang ka bonako go gaisa mafatshe tsotlhe mo lefatsheng. [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Botswana|Leroborobo la HIV/AIDS]] le ne laa apara ne lefatshe la Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo1980, mme dingwaga tsa bo1990 di ne tsa tla ka go tsenngwa ga makoko a sepolotiki morago ga matlhabisaditlhong a sepolotiki a Khomišene ya Kgabo. Lekoko la Botswana Democratic Party le ne la nna lekoko le le busang go tloga ka boipuso go fitlha fa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya [[:en:2024_Botswana_general_election|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2024]]. == Hisetori Pele Ga Bokoloniale == e6qcpnns04yodlj9h4kaogtumh81g3i 52060 52056 2026-07-07T10:43:22Z Vhanuele 12946 spelling correction 52060 wikitext text/x-wiki Tlholego ya [[Botswana]] e akaretsa tlholego ya bogologolo jwa naga le ditso tsa merafe ya kgaolo eo, puso ya bokolone ya ga Mmamosadinyana e bitswa [[Bechuanaland]], le lefatshe la gompieno la Rephaboliki ya Botswana. Batho ba ntlha ba mo nakong ya sejoale-joale go nna mo Botswana e ne e le [[Basarwa]], mme temo e simolotse go tlhabologa dingwaga di ka nna 2,300 tse di fetileng. Batho ba [[:en:Bantu_peoples|Bantu]] ba ntlha ba gorogile ka c. 200 AD, mme Batswana ba ntlha ba ne ba goroga dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a mabedi morago ga moo. [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]] ba ba ne ba ikgaoganya go nna merafe e e farologaneng mo dingwageng tse di sekete tse di latelang fa go fuduga go ne go tswelela mo kgaolong eo, go felela ka [[:en:Difaqane|Mfecane]] mafelong a ngwaga wa bo 1800. Batho ba kwa [[:en:European_exploration_of_Africa|Yuropa]] ba ne ba simolola go kopana le bone ka 1816, mme seo se ne sa dira gore go nne le tumelo ya [[:en:Christianization|Sekeresete]] mo kgaolong eo. Ka ntlha ya matshosetsi go tswa kwa lefatsheng la Jeremane ba [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|German South West Africa]] le ma [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|Afrikaner]], dikgosi tsa Batswana tse di neng di na le maatla a magolo di ne tsa buisana ka go kopa tshireletso kwa go Mmamosadinyana ka ngwaga wa 1885. Mmamosadinyana o ne a ne a kgaoganya Botswana ka dikgaolo tsa semorafe gore kgaolo e nngwe le nngwe e busiwe ke kgosi ya yone, a naya dikgosi tse maatla a a fetang a di neng di na le one pele, mme ka tsela nngwe ba ne ba na le taolo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya ka tlhamalalo mo nageng e ba neng ba e sireletsa. Puso ya Mmamosadinyana e ne ya nna le seabe se segolo go simolola ka bo1930. Botswana e ne ya tshegetsa go nna le seabe ga [[:en:British_Empire_in_World_War_II|Mmamosadinyana mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi]] mme bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba lwa e le karolo ya [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|African Auxiliary Pioneer Corps.]] Go ne ga nna le ngangisano ya bogosi ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950 fa kgosi ya Bangwato, Seretse Khama, a ganetsana le mmusimogolo wa gagwe, Tshekedi Khama. Lenyalo la ga Seretse le mosadi wa lekgoa, Ruth Williams Khama, le ne la dira gore Baesemane ba mo thibele go tsena mo nageng e ba neng e ba sireletsa. O ne a boa ka 1956 ka kemo nokeng ya bontsi jwa batho, mme merafe e ne ya simolola go nna le puso e e itlhophelwang go bopiwa puso ya batho ka batho. Palamente ya bosetšhaba e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961, abo mekgatlho ya sepolotiki ya simolola go tlhamiwa. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa Bechuanaland Democratic Party, e e neng ya amogelwa ke puso ya ga Mmamosadinyana go etelela pele morago ga boipuso, mme e ne ya bona tatedi e kgolo mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha ka 1965. Naga ya Botswana e ne ya fiwa boipuso jo bo feletseng ka 1966. Ka taolo e e nonofileng, Seretse le mokgatlho wa gagwe ba ne ba tsenya mo tirisong puso ya batho ka batho ba bo ba simolola go tlhabolola mafaratlhatlha mo go se e neng e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng. Go ne ga bonwa diteemane tse dintsi ka 1969, mme seo se ne sa dira gore itsholelo ya Botswana e rulaganngwe sesha ka tsela e kgolo yeo. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e ne ya tlhamiwa ka 1978, mme Botswana e ne ya nna lefatshe la itsolelo e e golang ka bonako go gaisa mafatshe otlhe mo lefatsheng. [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Botswana|Leroborobo la HIV/AIDS]] le ne laa apara lefatshe la Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980, mme dingwaga tsa bo 1990 di ne tsa tla ka go tsenngwa ga makoko a sepolotiki morago ga matlhabisaditlhong a sepolotiki a Khomišene ya Kgabo. Lekoko la Botswana Democratic Party le ne la nna lekoko le le busang go tloga ka boipuso go fitlha fa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya [[:en:2024_Botswana_general_election|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2024]]. == Ditso tsa Pele Ga Bokolone == grkc1mogqi8d0008qscuh4xsu998p3n 52072 52060 2026-07-07T11:55:16Z Vhanuele 12946 /* Ditso tsa Pele Ga Bokolone */ 52072 wikitext text/x-wiki Tlholego ya [[Botswana]] e akaretsa tlholego ya bogologolo jwa naga le ditso tsa merafe ya kgaolo eo, puso ya bokolone ya ga Mmamosadinyana e bitswa [[Bechuanaland]], le lefatshe la gompieno la Rephaboliki ya Botswana. Batho ba ntlha ba mo nakong ya sejoale-joale go nna mo Botswana e ne e le [[Basarwa]], mme temo e simolotse go tlhabologa dingwaga di ka nna 2,300 tse di fetileng. Batho ba [[:en:Bantu_peoples|Bantu]] ba ntlha ba gorogile ka c. 200 AD, mme Batswana ba ntlha ba ne ba goroga dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a mabedi morago ga moo. [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]] ba ba ne ba ikgaoganya go nna merafe e e farologaneng mo dingwageng tse di sekete tse di latelang fa go fuduga go ne go tswelela mo kgaolong eo, go felela ka [[:en:Difaqane|Mfecane]] mafelong a ngwaga wa bo 1800. Batho ba kwa [[:en:European_exploration_of_Africa|Yuropa]] ba ne ba simolola go kopana le bone ka 1816, mme seo se ne sa dira gore go nne le tumelo ya [[:en:Christianization|Sekeresete]] mo kgaolong eo. Ka ntlha ya matshosetsi go tswa kwa lefatsheng la Jeremane ba [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|German South West Africa]] le ma [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|Afrikaner]], dikgosi tsa Batswana tse di neng di na le maatla a magolo di ne tsa buisana ka go kopa tshireletso kwa go Mmamosadinyana ka ngwaga wa 1885. Mmamosadinyana o ne a ne a kgaoganya Botswana ka dikgaolo tsa semorafe gore kgaolo e nngwe le nngwe e busiwe ke kgosi ya yone, a naya dikgosi tse maatla a a fetang a di neng di na le one pele, mme ka tsela nngwe ba ne ba na le taolo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya ka tlhamalalo mo nageng e ba neng ba e sireletsa. Puso ya Mmamosadinyana e ne ya nna le seabe se segolo go simolola ka bo1930. Botswana e ne ya tshegetsa go nna le seabe ga [[:en:British_Empire_in_World_War_II|Mmamosadinyana mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi]] mme bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba lwa e le karolo ya [[:en:African_Auxiliary_Pioneer_Corps|African Auxiliary Pioneer Corps.]] Go ne ga nna le ngangisano ya bogosi ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950 fa kgosi ya Bangwato, Seretse Khama, a ganetsana le mmusimogolo wa gagwe, Tshekedi Khama. Lenyalo la ga Seretse le mosadi wa lekgoa, Ruth Williams Khama, le ne la dira gore Baesemane ba mo thibele go tsena mo nageng e ba neng e ba sireletsa. O ne a boa ka 1956 ka kemo nokeng ya bontsi jwa batho, mme merafe e ne ya simolola go nna le puso e e itlhophelwang go bopiwa puso ya batho ka batho. Palamente ya bosetšhaba e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961, abo mekgatlho ya sepolotiki ya simolola go tlhamiwa. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa Bechuanaland Democratic Party, e e neng ya amogelwa ke puso ya ga Mmamosadinyana go etelela pele morago ga boipuso, mme e ne ya bona tatedi e kgolo mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha ka 1965. Naga ya Botswana e ne ya fiwa boipuso jo bo feletseng ka 1966. Ka taolo e e nonofileng, Seretse le mokgatlho wa gagwe ba ne ba tsenya mo tirisong puso ya batho ka batho ba bo ba simolola go tlhabolola mafaratlhatlha mo go se e neng e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng. Go ne ga bonwa diteemane tse dintsi ka 1969, mme seo se ne sa dira gore itsholelo ya Botswana e rulaganngwe sesha ka tsela e kgolo yeo. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e ne ya tlhamiwa ka 1978, mme Botswana e ne ya nna lefatshe la itsolelo e e golang ka bonako go gaisa mafatshe otlhe mo lefatsheng. [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Botswana|Leroborobo la HIV/AIDS]] le ne laa apara lefatshe la Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980, mme dingwaga tsa bo 1990 di ne tsa tla ka go tsenngwa ga makoko a sepolotiki morago ga matlhabisaditlhong a sepolotiki a Khomišene ya Kgabo. Lekoko la Botswana Democratic Party le ne la nna lekoko le le busang go tloga ka boipuso go fitlha fa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya [[:en:2024_Botswana_general_election|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2024]]. == Ditso tsa Pele Ga Bokolone == === Pele ga Ditso le Ditso tsa Pele === Botswana wa gompieno e ne e le sekgwa se segolo dingwaga di le dimilione di le lesome tse di fetileng, mme dinoka di ne di le dikgolo go feta tse di leng teng gompieno, di elelela mo lecheng le legolo, Lecha la [[:en:Lake_Makgadikgadi|Makgadikgadi]].<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou, Thomas; Campbell, Alec C. (1997)]] [1984]. ''History of Botswana'' (2nd&#x20;ed.). Macmillan Botswana. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>9991278087</bdi>.</ref> g77noq4y2l0osj2d4n9zexqgbk51s22 0 10964 52054 48404 2026-07-07T10:27:24Z Botshelo Dire 12943 #wikipidea25bw 52054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Bessie Head|birth_name=Bessie Amelia Emery Head|birth_date={{Birth date|df=y|1937|7|6}}|birth_place=[[Pietermaritzburg]], [[Natal (province)|Natal]], {{awrap|Union of South Africa}}|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|1986|4|17|1937|7|6}}<ref name="Britannica: Bessie Emery Head, South African novelist" />|death_place=[[Serowe]], Botswana|occupation=Mokwadi|citizenship={{ubl|South Africa (until 1964)|Botswana (from 1979)}}|notable works={{ubl|''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968)|''[[Maru (novel)|Maru]]'' (1971)|''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973)}}}} '''Bessie Amelia Emery Head''' (Phukwi a le garataro 1937 – Moranang a le lesome le bosupa 1986) e ne ele mokwadi wa letso la [[Aforika Borwa]]. E re ntswa a ne a tholega ko [[Aforika Borwa|Africa Borwa]] o ne a tsewa ele mokwadi wa tlhwatlhwa wa [[Botswana]]. O kwadile dibuka tsa go roba sogo, le tse dikhutshwane ga mmogo le tsa botshelo jwa gagwe tse di tletseng semoya le go tlhatlhanya.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Emery-Head</ref> Dibuka tsa gagwe tse di itsegeng di akaretsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968), ''[[Maru]]'' (1971) le ''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Bessie Amelia Emery o tsholetswe kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]], [[Union of South Africa]], ke ngwana wa mosadi wa mosweu le monna wa motho montsho ka nako eo dikamano tsa semorafe di neng di sa letlelelwe mo Aforka Borwa.<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Head#cite_note-womenwriting-2</ref> Mmaagwe Bessie, Fiona Emery, go tswa mo lwapeng le le humileng la Aforika Borwa,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Head#cite_note-3</ref> o ne a nna dingwaga di le mmalwa kwa bookelong jwa malwetse a tlhaloganyo morago ga loso lwa ngwana wa gagwe wa ntlha, mosimane yo o neng a bidiwa Gerald Emery, yo o neng a tlhokafala morago ga dibeke di le robabobedi a tshotswe.O ne a le kwa kokelong e kgolo ya malwetse a tlhaloganyo kwa Pietemaritzburg fa a ne a tshola Bessie. Le fa a ne a sa letlelelwa go tshola ngwana,<ref name=":0" /> o ne a naya morwadie leina la gagwe. Rraagwe ga a itsewe. Lesea Bessie le ne la bewa la ntlha le batsadi ba basweu ba ba mo godisitseng ka kakanyo ya gore ke mosweu. Dibeke di le mmalwa moragonyana, batsadi bano ba ne ba lemoga gore o na le mmala mme ba mmusetsa kwa balaoding. Morago ga moo o ne a bewa le lelapa la merafe e e tlhakaneng kgotsa ya [["mmala"]], ba ga Heathcote, mo lefelong le le humanegileng le eseng la basweu kwa Pietermaritzburg. Fano, o ne a gola le mme yo o neng a mo godisa mo go gagametseng, e bong Nelly Heathcote, mme one a tsena Kereke ya Roma ya lefelo leo le sekolo sese sebotlana. Ga a ise a ko a lemoge sentle gore e ne e se Mo-Heathcote. O ne a itumelela bongwana jo bo batlang jo bo tlwaelesegile jwa nako ya gagwe le lefelo la gagwe, kwa ntle ga gore mmaagwe yo o mo godisitseng o ne a sa utlwane le go rata dibuka ga gagwe.<ref name=":1">Gillian Eilersen (1995). ''Bessie Head: Thunder Behind Her Ears: her life and writing''. Wits University Press. p. 9–18. ISBN 978-0-435-08984-9. OCLC 802874023. Wikidata Q112683813.</ref> Fa Bessie a le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi, fa a sena go fetsa dingwaga di le nne tsa thuto ya sekolo se sebotlana, balaodi ba ne ba mo fudusetsa kwa [[Legaeng la Basetsana ba Mmala la St. Monica]], sekolo sa Anglican se se nang le matlo a borobalo kwa [[Durban]]. Kwa tshimologong, Bessie o ne a leka go tshaba le go boela gae. Moragonyana, o ne a simolola go lemoga khumo ya dibuka le kitso e sekolo seo se neng se e naya. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa gagwe wa bobedi, o ne a itshokela kutlobotlhoko e kgolo ya ntlha mo botshelong jwa gagwe. Balaodi ba ne ba mmolelela ka tshoganyetso gore ke morwadia mosadi mongwe wa mosweu, e seng Nelly Heathcote, le gore ga a kitla a letlelewa go boela kwa legaeng la gagwe la pele ka malatsi a boikhutso a Keresemose. Mosha yono o ne a utlwile botlhoko thata mme a ikgogela morago.<ref name=":1" /> Dingwaga di le pedi moragonyana, kwa bokhutlong jwa 1953, Bessie o ne a pasa tlhatlhobo ya gagwe ya [[Setlankana sa Junior]]. O ne a tswelela go dira [[Setlankana sa Katiso ya Barutabana]] sa dingwaga di le pedi kwa kholetšheng e e fa gaufi, fa a ntse a nna kwa St. Monica. La bofelo, kwa tshimologong ya 1956, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya bolela gore ke mogolo; o ne a newa setlankana sa nakwana sa go ruta; mme a amogela tiro ya go nna morutabana kwa sekolong se se botlana sa mmala kwa Durban.<ref>Mary Ellen Snodgrass, [https://books.google.com/books?id=LXyyYs2cRDcC&dq=bessie+amelia+emery+head&pg=PT141 "Head, Bessie (Bessie Amelia Emery Head)"], ''Encyclopedia of the Literature of Empire'', Infobase Publishing, 2010, pp. 131–132.</ref> Ka nako eno o ne a nna le botsala jo bogolo le badiri ba le mmalwa ba basweu ba St. Monica, mmogo le maloko a le mmalwa a [[setšhaba sa "Maindia"]], mme kgatlhego ya gagwe mo ditumelong tse e seng tsa Bokeresete e ne ya atlega, segolobogolo Bohindu. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, o ne a na le kgolagano e e seng kalo fela le [[bontsi jwa "bantsho" jwa Aforika]] kwa Natal, ba e neng e le [[Mazulu]] ka bontsi. Mo bogareng jwa 1958, a lapisitswe ke ditiro tsa gagwe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le go lora ka dilo tse dikgolo, Head o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe. O ne a nna le moletlo wa letsatsi la matsalo a dingwaga tse masome mabedi le motso le ditsala tsa gagwe tsa bogologolo, morago ga moo a palama terena go ya kwa [[Cape Town]], kwa a neng a ikaeletse go nna mmega dikgang gone.<ref name=":1" /> === Cape Town le Johannesburg === Batho ba Aforika Borwa ba ba neng ba le kwa ditoropong ba e seng basweu ba ne ba simolola go fuduega ka fa tlase ga melao e e neng e ntse e thibela le go feta ya tlhaolele. Dikuranta le dimakasine di le mmalwa tsa mmaraka wa batho ba le bantsi di ne di setse di thusa ka dilo tse ba di ratang, mme mo go tsone ''Drum'' ya beke le beke e ne e le yone e e neng e tumile thata. Head o ne a batla tiro go na le moo mo kgatisong ya kgaitsadie ''Drum'', e leng ''Golden City Post'' e e neng e tswa beke le beke. O ne a bereka koo mo e ka nnang ngwaga, a faela dikgang tsa kgotlatshekelo le ditiro tse dingwe tse dinnye tse di neng di newa batho ba ba sa tswang go simolola mo phaposing ya dikgang. O ne a kwala ka leina la gagwe la mmatota, Bessie Amelia Emery.<ref name=":2">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/bessie-amelia-head-sa-novelist-dies "Bessie Amelia Head, SA novelist dies"], South African History Online, 17 April 1986.</ref> Le fa ka nako eo Cape Town e ne e le bogolo jo bo tshwanang le jwa Durban, e ne e le mefutafuta thata e bile e raraane, e na le ditso tse ditelele thata. E ne e le motsemogolo wa sepolotiki wa lefatshe e bile ke yone, e le legae la [[Palamente]] ya yone. Kwa Pietermaritzburg le kwa Durban, Bessie o ne a ntse a le leloko la setlhopha se sennye sa batho ba ba seng bantsi, e leng [[Ba-Colored (ba merafe e e tlhakaneng) ba ba buang Seesemane]]. Kwa Cape Town ka tshoganetso o ne a nna leloko la setlhopha se segolo sa merafe ya selegae — Coloured — mme e le se se neng se bua [[Seburu]] mo botshelong jwa sone jwa letsatsi le letsatsi. Le fa a ne a sa ke a phuthologa mo puong eno e e neng e tswa mo [[baagi ba ntlha ba MaDutch]] ba Cape Town, go ise go ye kae o ne a kgona go tshela. Se a neng a fitlhela se le thata go se amogela e ne e le dikgaogano tse di neng di le teng mo setšhabeng seo ka mmala wa letlalo le maemo a itsholelo. O ne a le montsho thata go ka tsenela batho ba maemo, ka jalo o ne a rata go kopana le badiri le batho ba maemo a a kwa tlase mo [[Kgaolong ya Borataro]], morafe o mogolo wa Bammala o o neng o nna kwa letlhakoreng la bophirima la [[Table Mountain]], e seng kgakala le bogare. Fa gare ga tiro ya gagwe le marobalo a gagwe kwa Kgaolong ya Borataro, mosha yoo yo o sa tswang go goroga kwa kgaolong o ne a simolola ka bonako go dirisa mofuta le lebelo la toropo e kgolo. Gape o ne a lemoga ka kelotlhoko dikgotlhang tse dintsi tsa ka fa gare ga Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka 1959, Head o ne a fudugela kwa Johannesburg go ya go dira kwa ''Home Post'', e leng kgatiso e nngwe e e neng e le kgaitsadie ''Drum''; o ne a newa padi ya gagwe le tuelo e e tlhomameng. Fano o ne a kopana le bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata ba ba jaaka [[Lewis Nkosi]], [[Can Themba]] le [[Dennis Brutus]], mme a lekeletsa go kwala ga gagwe ka nosi. Mme maitemogelo a gagwe a a neng a fetola botshelo jwa gagwe ka nako eo e ne e le gore o ne a kopana le dikwalo tsa sepolotiki tsa bosetšhaba jwa bantsho, segolobogolo tsa ba-[[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|Pan-Africanist]] [[George Padmore]] le [[Robert Sobukwe]]. Nngwe ya dibuka tsa ga Padmore "e ne ya nnaya letlalo le lesha le botshelo jo bosha jo bo neng bo sa amogelesege gotlhelele mo maemong a a kwa tlase koo," o ne a kwala jalo moragonyana.<ref>Bessie Head, in ''South African Review of Books'', 1990, p. 12.</ref> O ne a kopana le Sobukwe mme a mo fitlhela a le teng thata ka namana. Gape o ne a kopana le diopedi tsa jazz le jazz, mme a rata [[Abdullah Ibrahim]] yo mmotlana ka bonako, yo ka nako eo a neng a itsege jaaka Dollar Brand, yo o neng a etelela pele setlhopha se se kwa pele sa jazz mo nageng.<ref name=":1" /> Setho le sepolotiki di ne tsa thunya mo tshimologong ya 1960. Head o ne a tsenelela [[Kokoano ya Pan-Africanist]] (PAC) ya ga Sobukwe dibeke di le mmalwa pele ga lekoko leo le etelela pele boipelaetso jwa bontsi jo bo neng bo tla bolaya kwa [[Soweto]], Sharpeville, le kwa metsesetoropong e mengwe ya batho bantsho. [[Polao ya Sharpeville]] e ne ya latela, mme ya tsosa diphetogo tse di botlhokwa tsa sepolotiki le tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Makoko a sepolotiki a batho bantsho a ne a thibelwa mme diketekete tsa balweladitshwanelo tsa tshwarwa. Head o ne a dira ka bokhutshwane go tshegetsa magolegwa a PAC pele ga a tshwarwa ka boene mo tiragalong e e maswe ya go oka ba bangwe mo gare ga batlhomogi ba PAC. Le fa gone kgabagare ditatofatso tse a neng a di latofadiwa di ne tsa kgaolwa, go ise go ye kae o ne a tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong mme a leka go ipolaya. Morago ga go robadiwa kwa kokelong ka nakwana, o ne a boela kwa Cape Town, a robegile mowa ka nakwana mme a swabisitswe ke dipolotiki.<ref name=":1" /> Mo e ka nnang ka 1969, Head le ene o ne a simolola go nna le matshwao a bolwetse jwa go fetofetoga maikutlo le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":3">Puchner, Martin. ''The Norton Anthology of World Literature''. 4th edn, F, W.W. Norton & Company, 2013.</ref> Morago ga ngwaga wa go rapama kwa tlase, Head o ne a tlhagelela gape mo ditlhopheng tsa batlhalefi le ba sepolotiki ba Cape Town, a kopanela le batlhalefi ba merafe e mentsi ya [[Liberal Party]] mmogo le batlhotlheletsi ba PAC. O ne a simolola go goga motsoko le go nwa. Ka Phukwi 1961, o ne a kopana le Harold Head, lekawana la Mmala le le neng le bua sentle go tswa kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pretoria]] le le neng le na le dikgatlhego tse dintsi tsa tlhaloganyo tse di tshwanang le tsa gagwe. Dibeke di le thataro morago ga foo ba ne ba nyalana, mme ka Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano ka 1962 ngwana wa bone a le esi, Howard Rex Head, o ne a tsholwa.<ref name=":2" /> Lesea le ne le tshwailwe ke bolwetse jo bonnye (jo ka nako eo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe) jwa phetelo ya bojalwa kwa leseeng, jo bo neng bo tla mo ama botshelo jwa gagwe jotlhe.<ref>Accone, Darryl (17 May 2019). [https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-17-00-heads-journalism-eclipsed/ "Head's journalism eclipsed"]. ''[[:en:Mail&Guardian|Mail&Guardian]]''.</ref> Bobedi jwa ga Harold le Bessie ba ne ba kwala dipadi ka nako eo, gantsi ba ne ba kwalela ''The New African'', e leng makasine o o simololang wa kgwedi le kgwedi o o neng o gatisiwa kwa Motsekapa. Bessie o ne a kwala gape buka ya drama, ''The Cardinals'', e e neng ya se ka ya gatisiwa ka dingwaga di le masome mararo. Mme boora-Head ba ne ba humanegile mme lenyalo la bone le ne le tlhotlhorega. Howard o ne a itshupa e le lesea le le sa nyenyeng. Ka kgobego marapo e kgolo Bessie o ne a tswa kwa Cape Town kwa bokhutlong jwa 1963 go ya go nna le matsalaagwe gaufi le Pretoria, a tsamaya le Howard. Fa botsalano joo le jone bo thubega, Head o ne a lapile. O ne a kopa tiro ya borutabana kwa lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (e jaanong e bidiwang [[Botswana]]) mme a amogelwa. Le mororo a ne a sa kgone go bona pasa ya mosepele, tsala nngwe ya gagwe e ne ya mo thusa go bona tetla ya go tswa ka tsela e le nngwe fela. Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa Mopitlo 1964, ene le morwawe ba ne ba palama terena ba ya kwa bokone. Head ga a ise a ke a bone Aforika Borwa gape.<ref name=":1" /> === Botswana === Ka 1964, a tlogela botshelo jwa gagwe kwa Aforika Borwa, o ne a fudugela le morwawe yo monnye kwa [[Botswana]] (ka nako eo e ne e santse e le [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]) a batla botshabelo,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Emery-Head "Bessie Emery Head"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> ka a ne a amega thata mo [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|dipolotiking tsa Pan-Africa]]. Go ne go tla tsaya dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano gore Head a bone [[boagedi jwa Botswana]]. Head o ne a nna kwa [[Serowe]],<ref name=":4">Lewis, Desiree (2003). "Bessie Head". In Margaret J. Daymond; Dorothy Driver; Sheila Meintjes (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=MXJfTLB4XvcC Women Writing Africa: The Southern Region]''. Feminist Press at CUNY. p. 290. ISBN 9781558614079. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> e leng "motse" o mogolo go gaisa wa Botswana (i.e., mafelo a setso go na le ditoropo tsa baagi). Serowe e ne e tumile ka bobedi ka botlhokwa jwa yone mo ditsong, jaaka motsemogolo wa morafe wa [[Bangwato|Bamangwato]], le ka sekolo sa tekeletso sa [[Sekolo Sa Swaneng Hill|Swaneng]] sa ga [[Patrick van Rensburg]]. [[Kgosi e kgolo]] ya Bamangwato e e neng e tlositswe mo setilong, [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]], e ne e tla tloga e nna tautona wa ntlha wa Botswana yo o ipusang.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog7e.shtml "Making History | Sir Seretse Khama - first President of Botswana"]. ''[[:en:BBC_Radio_4|BBC Radio 4]]''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Loso lwa gagwe a sale mmotlana kwa Serowe ka 1986 (a le dingwaga di le 48) ka ntlha ya [[bolwetse jwa sebete]] lo ne lwa tla fela ka nako ya fa a ne a simolola go amogelwa jaaka mokwadi mme a ne a sa tlhole a humanegile thata jaana.<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/head-bessie-introduction "Head, Bessie: Introduction | Encyclopedia.com"]. ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/south-african-literature-biographies/bessie-head "Bessie Head | Encyclopedia.com"]. ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Go kwala == Bontsi jwa dibuka tsa ga Bessie Head di ka ga [[Serowe]], go akaretsa le dipadi tsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968), ''[[Maru]]'' (1971), le ''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973).<ref name=":4" /> Boraro jo gape ke ka gagagwe; ''When Rain Clouds Gather'' e ikaegile ka maitemogelo a gagwe a go nna mo polaseng ya tlhabololo, ''Maru'' e akaretsa maitemogelo a gagwe a go tsewa e le yo o kwa tlase ka lotso, mme ''A Question of Power'' e dirisa tlhaloganyo ya gagwe ya gore go ne go ntse jang go itemogela kgatelelo e e tseneletseng ya tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":4" /> Head o ne a gatisa gape dikgankhutshwe di le mmalwa, go akaretsa le kokoanyo ya ''The Collector of Treasures'' (1977).<ref name=":4" /> O ne a gatisa buka e e buang ka ditiragalo tsa Serowe, motse o a neng a thibelela mo go one, e bidiwa ''Serowe: Village of the Rainwind.'' Padi ya gagwe ya bofelo, ''A Bewitched Crossroad'' (1984), ke ya ditso, e e kwadilweng mo Botswana wa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe. O ne a kwadile gape kgang ya baporofeti ba babedi, yo mongwe a humile mme yo mongwe a tshela ka bohumanegi e e bidiwang "Jacob: The Faith-Healing Priest".<ref>Head, Bessie (1992). ''[https://uct.worldcat.org/title/collector-of-treasures-and-other-botswana-village-tales/oclc/27760535 The collector of treasures: and other Botswana village tales]''. Oxford: Heinemann International Literature and Textbooks. ISBN 9780435909819. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/27760535 27760535].</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e akareditswe mo bukeng ya 1992 ya ''[[Daughters of Africa]]'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[Margaret Busby]].<ref>Magwood, Michele (5 July 2019). [https://www.wantedonline.co.za/voices/2019-07-05-new-daughters-of-africa-is-a-powerful-collection-of-writing-by-women-from-the-continent/ "'New Daughters of Africa' is a powerful collection of writing by women from the continent"]. ''Wanted''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Tiro ya ga Head e ne e lebile botshelo jwa letsatsi le letsatsi jwa batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng le seabe sa bone mo dikgaratlhong tse dikgolo tsa sepolotiki tsa Aforika. Gantsi dikgopolo tsa bodumedi di ne di tlhagelela thata, jaaka mo bukeng ya ''A Question of Power''. Head o ne a godisiwa kwa tshimologong e le Mokeresete; le fa go ntse jalo, moragonyana o ne a tlhotlhelediwa ke [[Hinduism|Bohindu]] (jo a neng a bo bona ka setšhaba sa Baindia sa Aforika Borwa).<ref>Smith, Lauren (1999). "Christ as Creole: Hybridity and the Revision of Colonial Imagery in the Works of Bessie Head". ''English in Africa''. '''26''' (1): 61–80. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0376-8902 0376-8902]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40238875 40238875].</ref> Bontsi jwa dikwalo tsa gagwe di diragetse fa a ne a le kwa botshabelo kwa Botswana, a dule mo Aforika Borwa ka 1964. Se se sa akarediweng ke padi ya ''The Cardinals'' (e e gatisitsweng morago ga loso lwa gagwe ka 1993), e e diragetseng mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4" /> Ka ditsela dingwe, Head o ne a nna motho yo o tswang kwa ntle mo lefatsheng le a neng a le itlhophetshe, mme bangwe ba lemoga gore o ne a na le kamano nngwe ya lorato le letlhoo le lone. O ne a lwantshana le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo mme a nna le tiragalo e kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ka 1969, e e neng ya dira gore a robadiwe ka lobaka lo lo rileng kwa Kokelong ya Tlhaloganyo kwa [[Lobatse]]. ''A Question of Power'', e Bessie Head a neng a e tsaya e le "e e batlang e le ya botshelo jwa gagwe" e ne ya kwalwa morago ga tiragalo eo.<ref>Davis, Caroline (16 April 2018). [https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/650b7d67-3696-48f3-8bae-e62330ce564c/1 "A Question of Power: Bessie Head and her Publishers"]. ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''44''' (3): 491–506. doi:10.1080/03057070.2018.1445354. ISSN 0305-7070. S2CID 149759698.</ref> === Ditlhotlheletso === Bontsi jwa tiro ya ga Head e ne e tlhotlheleditswe ke [[Mahatma Gandhi]], mme o ne a re ga a ise "ke ke bale sepe se se tsositseng maikutlo a me jaaka dipolelo tsa sepolotiki tsa ga Gandhi".<ref name=":3" /> Head o ne a tlhotlhelediwa thata ke Gandhi le tsela e a neng a tlhalosa dikgang tsa ga jaanong tsa sepolotiki ka tsela e e utlwalang sentle ka yone. Fa a bala dipampiri tsa gagwe, Head o ne a gakgamadiwa ke tiro mme a fitlhelela tshwetso ya gore Gandhi o tshwanetse a bo e le "Modimo jaaka motho".<ref name=":3" /> == Ditlotla le dietsele == Ka 1977, Head o ne a tsenelela Lenaneo la Boditšhabatšhaba la go Kwala la [[Yunibesithi ya Iowa]], le go lalediwang fela palo e e tlhophilweng ya bakwadi go tswa kwa lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":3" /><ref>Golden, Audrey (30 December 2016). [https://blog.bookstellyouwhy.com/bessie-head-at-the-international-writing-program "Bessie Head's Experience at the International Writing Program"].</ref> Ka 2003, morago ga loso lwa gagwe o ne a abelwa Sekgele sa Aforika Borwa sa [[Order of Ikhamanga]] ka Gauta ka ntlha ya "seabe sa gagwe se se kgethegileng mo dikwalong le mo kgaratlhong ya phetogo ya loago, kgololesego le kagiso."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927050140/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=172 "Profile of Bessie Head"]. S A National Orders. Archived from [http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=172 the original] on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Sekolo sa Werda kwa Durban, Aforika Borwa, se se neng se itsege jaaka Sekolo sa Basetsana sa St Monica.<ref>[https://sthp.saha.org.za/memorial/bessie_head.htm "Bessie Head, Struggle for identity"]. ''Sunday Times Heritage Project''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Boswa == Ka 2007, go ne ga tlhongwa Trust ya Boswa ya Bessie Head, mmogo le [[Dietsele tsa Dikwalo tsa Bessie Head]].<ref>[http://thuto.org/bhead/html/awards/awards.htm Bessie Head Literature Awards].</ref> Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ka 2007 [[Motlobo o mogolo wa dibuka wa Mmasepala wa Msunduzi]] kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]] e ne ya bidiwa Motlobo wa dibuka wa Bessie Head go mo tlotla.<ref>[http://www.msunduzi.gov.za/site/library "Msunduzi Municipal Library Services"], Pietermaritzburg.</ref> Dipampiri tsa ga Bessie Head di bolokilwe kwa [[Motlobong wa ditso wa Segopotso sa Khama III]] kwa Serowe.<ref>[http://thuto.org/bhead/html/museum/museum.htm "Museum publishes Catalogue of the Bessie Head Papers"], Bessie Head Heritage Trust.</ref> == Tse dingwe == {{Botswana-stub}} == Metswedi == euqanlsl1rkzqb06gyxpphvht8qcvvh 52066 52054 2026-07-07T11:01:28Z Botshelo Dire 12943 #wikipidea25bw 52066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Bessie Head|birth_name=Bessie Amelia Emery Head|birth_date={{Birth date|df=y|1937|7|6}}|birth_place=[[Pietermaritzburg]], [[Natal (province)|Natal]], {{awrap|Union of South Africa}}|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|1986|4|17|1937|7|6}}<ref name="Britannica: Bessie Emery Head, South African novelist" />|death_place=[[Serowe]], Botswana|occupation=Mokwadi|citizenship={{ubl|South Africa (until 1964)|Botswana (from 1979)}}|notable works={{ubl|''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968)|''[[Maru (novel)|Maru]]'' (1971)|''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973)}}}} '''Bessie Amelia Emery Head''' (Phukwi a le garataro 1937 – Moranang a le lesome le bosupa 1986) e ne ele mokwadi wa letso la [[Aforika Borwa]]. E re ntswa a ne a tholega ko [[Aforika Borwa|Africa Borwa]] o ne a tsewa ele mokwadi wa tlhwatlhwa wa [[Botswana]]. O kwadile dibuka tsa go roba sogo, le tse dikhutshwane ga mmogo le tsa botshelo jwa gagwe tse di tletseng semoya le go tlhatlhanya.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Emery-Head</ref> Dibuka tsa gagwe tse di itsegeng di akaretsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968), ''[[Maru]]'' (1971) le ''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Bessie Amelia Emery o tsholetswe kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]], [[Union of South Africa]], ke ngwana wa mosadi wa mosweu le monna wa motho montsho ka nako eo dikamano tsa semorafe di neng di sa letlelelwe mo Aforka Borwa.<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Head#cite_note-womenwriting-2</ref> Mmaagwe Bessie, Fiona Emery, go tswa mo lwapeng le le humileng la Aforika Borwa,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Head#cite_note-3</ref> o ne a nna dingwaga di le mmalwa kwa bookelong jwa malwetse a tlhaloganyo morago ga loso lwa ngwana wa gagwe wa ntlha, mosimane yo o neng a bidiwa Gerald Emery, yo o neng a tlhokafala morago ga dibeke di le robabobedi a tshotswe.O ne a le kwa kokelong e kgolo ya malwetse a tlhaloganyo kwa Pietemaritzburg fa a ne a tshola Bessie. Le fa a ne a sa letlelelwa go tshola ngwana,<ref name=":0" /> o ne a naya morwadie leina la gagwe. Rraagwe ga a itsewe. Lesea Bessie le ne la bewa la ntlha le batsadi ba basweu ba ba mo godisitseng ka kakanyo ya gore ke mosweu. Dibeke di le mmalwa moragonyana, batsadi bano ba ne ba lemoga gore o na le mmala mme ba mmusetsa kwa balaoding. Morago ga moo o ne a bewa le lelapa la merafe e e tlhakaneng kgotsa ya [["mmala"]], ba ga Heathcote, mo lefelong le le humanegileng le eseng la basweu kwa Pietermaritzburg. Fano, o ne a gola le mme yo o neng a mo godisa mo go gagametseng, e bong Nelly Heathcote, mme one a tsena Kereke ya Roma ya lefelo leo le sekolo sese sebotlana. Ga a ise a ko a lemoge sentle gore e ne e se Mo-Heathcote. O ne a itumelela bongwana jo bo batlang jo bo tlwaelesegile jwa nako ya gagwe le lefelo la gagwe, kwa ntle ga gore mmaagwe yo o mo godisitseng o ne a sa utlwane le go rata dibuka ga gagwe.<ref name=":1">Gillian Eilersen (1995). ''Bessie Head: Thunder Behind Her Ears: her life and writing''. Wits University Press. p. 9–18. ISBN 978-0-435-08984-9. OCLC 802874023. Wikidata Q112683813.</ref> Fa Bessie a le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi, fa a sena go fetsa dingwaga di le nne tsa thuto ya sekolo se sebotlana, balaodi ba ne ba mo fudusetsa kwa [[Legaeng la Basetsana ba Mmala la St. Monica]], sekolo sa Anglican se se nang le matlo a borobalo kwa [[Durban]]. Kwa tshimologong, Bessie o ne a leka go tshaba le go boela gae. Moragonyana, o ne a simolola go lemoga khumo ya dibuka le kitso e sekolo seo se neng se e naya. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa gagwe wa bobedi, o ne a itshokela kutlobotlhoko e kgolo ya ntlha mo botshelong jwa gagwe. Balaodi ba ne ba mmolelela ka tshoganyetso gore ke morwadia mosadi mongwe wa mosweu, e seng Nelly Heathcote, le gore ga a kitla a letlelewa go boela kwa legaeng la gagwe la pele ka malatsi a boikhutso a Keresemose. Mosha yono o ne a utlwile botlhoko thata mme a ikgogela morago.<ref name=":1" /> Dingwaga di le pedi moragonyana, kwa bokhutlong jwa 1953, Bessie o ne a pasa tlhatlhobo ya gagwe ya [[Setlankana sa Junior]]. O ne a tswelela go dira [[Setlankana sa Katiso ya Barutabana]] sa dingwaga di le pedi kwa kholetšheng e e fa gaufi, fa a ntse a nna kwa St. Monica. La bofelo, kwa tshimologong ya 1956, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya bolela gore ke mogolo; o ne a newa setlankana sa nakwana sa go ruta; mme a amogela tiro ya go nna morutabana kwa sekolong se se botlana sa mmala kwa Durban.<ref>Mary Ellen Snodgrass, [https://books.google.com/books?id=LXyyYs2cRDcC&dq=bessie+amelia+emery+head&pg=PT141 "Head, Bessie (Bessie Amelia Emery Head)"], ''Encyclopedia of the Literature of Empire'', Infobase Publishing, 2010, pp. 131–132.</ref> Ka nako eno o ne a nna le botsala jo bogolo le badiri ba le mmalwa ba basweu ba St. Monica, mmogo le maloko a le mmalwa a [[setšhaba sa "Maindia"]], mme kgatlhego ya gagwe mo ditumelong tse e seng tsa Bokeresete e ne ya atlega, segolobogolo Bohindu. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, o ne a na le kgolagano e e seng kalo fela le [[bontsi jwa "bantsho" jwa Aforika]] kwa Natal, ba e neng e le [[Mazulu]] ka bontsi. Mo bogareng jwa 1958, a lapisitswe ke ditiro tsa gagwe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le go lora ka dilo tse dikgolo, Head o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe. O ne a nna le moletlo wa letsatsi la matsalo a dingwaga tse masome mabedi le motso le ditsala tsa gagwe tsa bogologolo, morago ga moo a palama terena go ya kwa [[Cape Town]], kwa a neng a ikaeletse go nna mmega dikgang gone.<ref name=":1" /> === Cape Town le Johannesburg === Batho ba Aforika Borwa ba ba neng ba le kwa ditoropong ba e seng basweu ba ne ba simolola go fuduega ka fa tlase ga melao e e neng e ntse e thibela le go feta ya tlhaolele. Dikuranta le dimakasine di le mmalwa tsa mmaraka wa batho ba le bantsi di ne di setse di thusa ka dilo tse ba di ratang, mme mo go tsone ''Drum'' ya beke le beke e ne e le yone e e neng e tumile thata. Head o ne a batla tiro go na le moo mo kgatisong ya kgaitsadie ''Drum'', e leng ''Golden City Post'' e e neng e tswa beke le beke. O ne a bereka koo mo e ka nnang ngwaga, a faela dikgang tsa kgotlatshekelo le ditiro tse dingwe tse dinnye tse di neng di newa batho ba ba sa tswang go simolola mo phaposing ya dikgang. O ne a kwala ka leina la gagwe la mmatota, Bessie Amelia Emery.<ref name=":2">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/bessie-amelia-head-sa-novelist-dies "Bessie Amelia Head, SA novelist dies"], South African History Online, 17 April 1986.</ref> Le fa ka nako eo Cape Town e ne e le bogolo jo bo tshwanang le jwa Durban, e ne e le mefutafuta thata e bile e raraane, e na le ditso tse ditelele thata. E ne e le motsemogolo wa sepolotiki wa lefatshe e bile ke yone, e le legae la [[Palamente]] ya yone. Kwa Pietermaritzburg le kwa Durban, Bessie o ne a ntse a le leloko la setlhopha se sennye sa batho ba ba seng bantsi, e leng [[Ba-Colored (ba merafe e e tlhakaneng) ba ba buang Seesemane]]. Kwa Cape Town ka tshoganetso o ne a nna leloko la setlhopha se segolo sa merafe ya selegae — Coloured — mme e le se se neng se bua [[Seburu]] mo botshelong jwa sone jwa letsatsi le letsatsi. Le fa a ne a sa ke a phuthologa mo puong eno e e neng e tswa mo [[baagi ba ntlha ba MaDutch]] ba Cape Town, go ise go ye kae o ne a kgona go tshela. Se a neng a fitlhela se le thata go se amogela e ne e le dikgaogano tse di neng di le teng mo setšhabeng seo ka mmala wa letlalo le maemo a itsholelo. O ne a le montsho thata go ka tsenela batho ba maemo, ka jalo o ne a rata go kopana le badiri le batho ba maemo a a kwa tlase mo [[Kgaolong ya Borataro]], morafe o mogolo wa Bammala o o neng o nna kwa letlhakoreng la bophirima la [[Table Mountain]], e seng kgakala le bogare. Fa gare ga tiro ya gagwe le marobalo a gagwe kwa Kgaolong ya Borataro, mosha yoo yo o sa tswang go goroga kwa kgaolong o ne a simolola ka bonako go dirisa mofuta le lebelo la toropo e kgolo. Gape o ne a lemoga ka kelotlhoko dikgotlhang tse dintsi tsa ka fa gare ga Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka 1959, Head o ne a fudugela kwa Johannesburg go ya go dira kwa ''Home Post'', e leng kgatiso e nngwe e e neng e le kgaitsadie ''Drum''; o ne a newa padi ya gagwe le tuelo e e tlhomameng. Fano o ne a kopana le bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata ba ba jaaka [[Lewis Nkosi]], [[Can Themba]] le [[Dennis Brutus]], mme a lekeletsa go kwala ga gagwe ka nosi. Mme maitemogelo a gagwe a a neng a fetola botshelo jwa gagwe ka nako eo e ne e le gore o ne a kopana le dikwalo tsa sepolotiki tsa bosetšhaba jwa bantsho, segolobogolo tsa ba-[[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|Pan-Africanist]] [[George Padmore]] le [[Robert Sobukwe]]. Nngwe ya dibuka tsa ga Padmore "e ne ya nnaya letlalo le lesha le botshelo jo bosha jo bo neng bo sa amogelesege gotlhelele mo maemong a a kwa tlase koo," o ne a kwala jalo moragonyana.<ref>Bessie Head, in ''South African Review of Books'', 1990, p. 12.</ref> O ne a kopana le Sobukwe mme a mo fitlhela a le teng thata ka namana. Gape o ne a kopana le diopedi tsa jazz le jazz, mme a rata [[Abdullah Ibrahim]] yo mmotlana ka bonako, yo ka nako eo a neng a itsege jaaka Dollar Brand, yo o neng a etelela pele setlhopha se se kwa pele sa jazz mo nageng.<ref name=":1" /> Setho le sepolotiki di ne tsa thunya mo tshimologong ya 1960. Head o ne a tsenelela [[Kokoano ya Pan-Africanist]] (PAC) ya ga Sobukwe dibeke di le mmalwa pele ga lekoko leo le etelela pele boipelaetso jwa bontsi jo bo neng bo tla bolaya kwa [[Soweto]], Sharpeville, le kwa metsesetoropong e mengwe ya batho bantsho. [[Polao ya Sharpeville]] e ne ya latela, mme ya tsosa diphetogo tse di botlhokwa tsa sepolotiki le tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Makoko a sepolotiki a batho bantsho a ne a thibelwa mme diketekete tsa balweladitshwanelo tsa tshwarwa. Head o ne a dira ka bokhutshwane go tshegetsa magolegwa a PAC pele ga a tshwarwa ka boene mo tiragalong e e maswe ya go tshwarisiwa ke bangwe ka boene mo gare ga batlhomogi ba PAC. Le fa gone kgabagare ditatofatso tse a neng a di latofadiwa di ne tsa kgaolwa, go ise go ye kae o ne a tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong mme a leka go ipolaya. Morago ga go robadiwa kwa kokelong ka nakwana, o ne a boela kwa Cape Town, a robegile mowa ka nakwana mme a swabisitswe ke dipolotiki.<ref name=":1" /> Mo e ka nnang ka 1969, Head le ene o ne a simolola go nna le matshwao a bolwetse jwa go fetofetoga maikutlo le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":3">Puchner, Martin. ''The Norton Anthology of World Literature''. 4th edn, F, W.W. Norton & Company, 2013.</ref> Morago ga ngwaga wa go rapama kwa tlase, Head o ne a tlhagelela gape mo ditlhopheng tsa batlhalefi le ba sepolotiki ba Cape Town, a kopanela le batlhalefi ba merafe e mentsi ya [[Liberal Party]] mmogo le batlhotlheletsi ba PAC. O ne a simolola go goga motsoko le go nwa. Ka Phukwi 1961, o ne a kopana le Harold Head, lekawana la Mmala le le neng le bua sentle go tswa kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pretoria]] le le neng le na le dikgatlhego tse dintsi tsa tlhaloganyo tse di tshwanang le tsa gagwe. Dibeke di le thataro morago ga foo ba ne ba nyalana, mme ka Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano ka 1962 ngwana wa bone a le esi, Howard Rex Head, o ne a tsholwa.<ref name=":2" /> Lesea le ne le tshwailwe ke bolwetse jo bonnye (jo ka nako eo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe) jwa phetelo ya bojalwa kwa leseeng, jo bo neng bo tla mo ama botshelo jwa gagwe jotlhe.<ref>Accone, Darryl (17 May 2019). [https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-17-00-heads-journalism-eclipsed/ "Head's journalism eclipsed"]. ''[[:en:Mail&Guardian|Mail&Guardian]]''.</ref> Bobedi jwa ga Harold le Bessie ba ne ba kwala dipadi ka nako eo, gantsi ba ne ba kwalela ''The New African'', e leng makasine o o simololang wa kgwedi le kgwedi o o neng o gatisiwa kwa Motsekapa. Bessie o ne a kwala gape buka ya drama, ''The Cardinals'', e e neng ya se ka ya gatisiwa ka dingwaga di le masome mararo. Mme boora-Head ba ne ba humanegile mme lenyalo la bone le ne le tlhotlhorega. Howard o ne a itshupa e le lesea le le sa nyenyeng. Ka kgobego marapo e kgolo Bessie o ne a tswa kwa Cape Town kwa bokhutlong jwa 1963 go ya go nna le matsalaagwe gaufi le Pretoria, a tsamaya le Howard. Fa botsalano joo le jone bo thubega, Head o ne a lapile. O ne a kopa tiro ya borutabana kwa lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (e jaanong e bidiwang [[Botswana]]) mme a amogelwa. Le mororo a ne a sa kgone go bona pasa ya mosepele, tsala nngwe ya gagwe e ne ya mo thusa go bona tetla ya go tswa ka tsela e le nngwe fela. Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa Mopitlo 1964, ene le morwawe ba ne ba palama terena ba ya kwa bokone. Head ga a ise a ke a bone Aforika Borwa gape.<ref name=":1" /> === Botswana === Ka 1964, a tlogela botshelo jwa gagwe kwa Aforika Borwa, o ne a fudugela le morwawe yo monnye kwa [[Botswana]] (ka nako eo e ne e santse e le [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]) a batla botshabelo,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Emery-Head "Bessie Emery Head"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> ka a ne a amega thata mo [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|dipolotiking tsa Pan-Africa]]. Go ne go tla tsaya dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano gore Head a bone [[boagedi jwa Botswana]]. Head o ne a nna kwa [[Serowe]],<ref name=":4">Lewis, Desiree (2003). "Bessie Head". In Margaret J. Daymond; Dorothy Driver; Sheila Meintjes (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=MXJfTLB4XvcC Women Writing Africa: The Southern Region]''. Feminist Press at CUNY. p. 290. ISBN 9781558614079. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> e leng "motse" o mogolo go gaisa wa Botswana (i.e., mafelo a setso go na le ditoropo tsa baagi). Serowe e ne e tumile ka bobedi ka botlhokwa jwa yone mo ditsong, jaaka motsemogolo wa morafe wa [[Bangwato|Bamangwato]], le ka sekolo sa tekeletso sa [[Sekolo Sa Swaneng Hill|Swaneng]] sa ga [[Patrick van Rensburg]]. [[Kgosi e kgolo]] ya Bamangwato e e neng e tlositswe mo setilong, [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]], e ne e tla tloga e nna tautona wa ntlha wa Botswana yo o ipusang.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog7e.shtml "Making History | Sir Seretse Khama - first President of Botswana"]. ''[[:en:BBC_Radio_4|BBC Radio 4]]''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Loso lwa gagwe a sale mmotlana kwa Serowe ka 1986 (a le dingwaga di le 48) ka ntlha ya [[bolwetse jwa sebete]] lo ne lwa tla fela ka nako ya fa a ne a simolola go amogelwa jaaka mokwadi mme a ne a sa tlhole a humanegile thata jaana.<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/head-bessie-introduction "Head, Bessie: Introduction | Encyclopedia.com"]. ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/south-african-literature-biographies/bessie-head "Bessie Head | Encyclopedia.com"]. ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Go kwala == Bontsi jwa dibuka tsa ga Bessie Head di ka ga [[Serowe]], go akaretsa le dipadi tsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968), ''[[Maru]]'' (1971), le ''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973).<ref name=":4" /> Boraro jo gape ke ka gagagwe; ''When Rain Clouds Gather'' e ikaegile ka maitemogelo a gagwe a go nna mo polaseng ya tlhabololo, ''Maru'' e akaretsa maitemogelo a gagwe a go tsewa e le yo o kwa tlase ka lotso, mme ''A Question of Power'' e dirisa tlhaloganyo ya gagwe ya gore go ne go ntse jang go itemogela kgatelelo e e tseneletseng ya tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":4" /> Head o ne a gatisa gape dikgankhutshwe di le mmalwa, go akaretsa le kokoanyo ya ''The Collector of Treasures'' (1977).<ref name=":4" /> O ne a gatisa buka e e buang ka ditiragalo tsa Serowe, motse o a neng a thibelela mo go one, e bidiwa ''Serowe: Village of the Rainwind.'' Padi ya gagwe ya bofelo, ''A Bewitched Crossroad'' (1984), ke ya ditso, e e kwadilweng mo Botswana wa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe. O ne a kwadile gape kgang ya baporofeti ba babedi, yo mongwe a humile mme yo mongwe a tshela ka bohumanegi e e bidiwang "Jacob: The Faith-Healing Priest".<ref>Head, Bessie (1992). ''[https://uct.worldcat.org/title/collector-of-treasures-and-other-botswana-village-tales/oclc/27760535 The collector of treasures: and other Botswana village tales]''. Oxford: Heinemann International Literature and Textbooks. ISBN 9780435909819. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/27760535 27760535].</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e akareditswe mo bukeng ya 1992 ya ''[[Daughters of Africa]]'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[Margaret Busby]].<ref>Magwood, Michele (5 July 2019). [https://www.wantedonline.co.za/voices/2019-07-05-new-daughters-of-africa-is-a-powerful-collection-of-writing-by-women-from-the-continent/ "'New Daughters of Africa' is a powerful collection of writing by women from the continent"]. ''Wanted''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Tiro ya ga Head e ne e lebile botshelo jwa letsatsi le letsatsi jwa batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng le seabe sa bone mo dikgaratlhong tse dikgolo tsa sepolotiki tsa Aforika. Gantsi dikgopolo tsa bodumedi di ne di tlhagelela thata, jaaka mo bukeng ya ''A Question of Power''. Head o ne a godisiwa kwa tshimologong e le Mokeresete; le fa go ntse jalo, moragonyana o ne a tlhotlhelediwa ke [[Hinduism|Bohindu]] (jo a neng a bo bona ka setšhaba sa Baindia sa Aforika Borwa).<ref>Smith, Lauren (1999). "Christ as Creole: Hybridity and the Revision of Colonial Imagery in the Works of Bessie Head". ''English in Africa''. '''26''' (1): 61–80. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0376-8902 0376-8902]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40238875 40238875].</ref> Bontsi jwa dikwalo tsa gagwe di diragetse fa a ne a le kwa botshabelo kwa Botswana, a dule mo Aforika Borwa ka 1964. Se se sa akarediweng ke padi ya ''The Cardinals'' (e e gatisitsweng morago ga loso lwa gagwe ka 1993), e e diragetseng mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4" /> Ka ditsela dingwe, Head o ne a nna motho yo o tswang kwa ntle mo lefatsheng le a neng a le itlhophetshe, mme bangwe ba lemoga gore o ne a na le kamano nngwe ya lorato le letlhoo le lone. O ne a lwantshana le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo mme a nna le tiragalo e kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ka 1969, e e neng ya dira gore a robadiwe ka lobaka lo lo rileng kwa Kokelong ya Tlhaloganyo kwa [[Lobatse]]. ''A Question of Power'', e Bessie Head a neng a e tsaya e le "e e batlang e le ya botshelo jwa gagwe" e ne ya kwalwa morago ga tiragalo eo.<ref>Davis, Caroline (16 April 2018). [https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/650b7d67-3696-48f3-8bae-e62330ce564c/1 "A Question of Power: Bessie Head and her Publishers"]. ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''44''' (3): 491–506. doi:10.1080/03057070.2018.1445354. ISSN 0305-7070. S2CID 149759698.</ref> === Ditlhotlheletso === Bontsi jwa tiro ya ga Head e ne e tlhotlheleditswe ke [[Mahatma Gandhi]], mme o ne a re ga a ise "ke ke bale sepe se se tsositseng maikutlo a me jaaka dipolelo tsa sepolotiki tsa ga Gandhi".<ref name=":3" /> Head o ne a tlhotlhelediwa thata ke Gandhi le tsela e a neng a tlhalosa dikgang tsa ga jaanong tsa sepolotiki ka tsela e e utlwalang sentle ka yone. Fa a bala dipampiri tsa gagwe, Head o ne a gakgamadiwa ke tiro mme a fitlhelela tshwetso ya gore Gandhi o tshwanetse a bo e le "Modimo jaaka motho".<ref name=":3" /> == Ditlotla le dietsele == Ka 1977, Head o ne a tsenelela Lenaneo la Boditšhabatšhaba la go Kwala la [[Yunibesithi ya Iowa]], le go lalediwang fela palo e e tlhophilweng ya bakwadi go tswa kwa lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":3" /><ref>Golden, Audrey (30 December 2016). [https://blog.bookstellyouwhy.com/bessie-head-at-the-international-writing-program "Bessie Head's Experience at the International Writing Program"].</ref> Ka 2003, morago ga loso lwa gagwe o ne a abelwa Sekgele sa Aforika Borwa sa [[Order of Ikhamanga]] ka Gauta ka ntlha ya "seabe sa gagwe se se kgethegileng mo dikwalong le mo kgaratlhong ya phetogo ya loago, kgololesego le kagiso."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927050140/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=172 "Profile of Bessie Head"]. S A National Orders. Archived from [http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=172 the original] on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Sekolo sa Werda kwa Durban, Aforika Borwa, se se neng se itsege jaaka Sekolo sa Basetsana sa St Monica.<ref>[https://sthp.saha.org.za/memorial/bessie_head.htm "Bessie Head, Struggle for identity"]. ''Sunday Times Heritage Project''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Boswa == Ka 2007, go ne ga tlhongwa Trust ya Boswa ya Bessie Head, mmogo le [[Dietsele tsa Dikwalo tsa Bessie Head]].<ref>[http://thuto.org/bhead/html/awards/awards.htm Bessie Head Literature Awards].</ref> Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ka 2007 [[Motlobo o mogolo wa dibuka wa Mmasepala wa Msunduzi]] kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]] e ne ya bidiwa Motlobo wa dibuka wa Bessie Head go mo tlotla.<ref>[http://www.msunduzi.gov.za/site/library "Msunduzi Municipal Library Services"], Pietermaritzburg.</ref> Dipampiri tsa ga Bessie Head di bolokilwe kwa [[Motlobong wa ditso wa Segopotso sa Khama III]] kwa Serowe.<ref>[http://thuto.org/bhead/html/museum/museum.htm "Museum publishes Catalogue of the Bessie Head Papers"], Bessie Head Heritage Trust.</ref> == Tse dingwe == {{Botswana-stub}} == Metswedi == msamzg6j8zf58crea6ecy7a0ti4p0w9 52070 52066 2026-07-07T11:49:47Z Botshelo Dire 12943 ke ranotse tsebe e.#wikipidea25bw 52070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Bessie Head|birth_name=Bessie Amelia Emery Head|birth_date={{Birth date|df=y|1937|7|6}}|birth_place=[[Pietermaritzburg]], [[Natal (province)|Natal]], {{awrap|Union of South Africa}}|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|1986|4|17|1937|7|6}}<ref name="Britannica: Bessie Emery Head, South African novelist" />|death_place=[[Serowe]], Botswana|occupation=Mokwadi|citizenship={{ubl|South Africa (until 1964)|Botswana (from 1979)}}|notable works={{ubl|''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968)|''[[Maru (novel)|Maru]]'' (1971)|''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973)}}}} '''Bessie Amelia Emery Head''' (Phukwi a le garataro 1937 – Moranang a le lesome le bosupa 1986) e ne ele mokwadi wa letso la [[Aforika Borwa]]. E re ntswa a ne a tholega ko [[Aforika Borwa|Africa Borwa]] o ne a tsewa ele mokwadi wa tlhwatlhwa wa [[Botswana]]. O kwadile dibuka tsa go roba sogo, le tse dikhutshwane ga mmogo le tsa botshelo jwa gagwe tse di tletseng semoya le go tlhatlhanya.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Emery-Head</ref> Dibuka tsa gagwe tse di itsegeng di akaretsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968), ''[[Maru]]'' (1971) le ''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Bessie Amelia Emery o tsholetswe kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]], [[Union of South Africa]], ke ngwana wa mosadi wa mosweu le monna wa motho montsho ka nako eo dikamano tsa semorafe di neng di sa letlelelwe mo Aforka Borwa.<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Head#cite_note-womenwriting-2</ref> Mmaagwe Bessie, Fiona Emery, go tswa mo lwapeng le le humileng la Aforika Borwa,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Head#cite_note-3</ref> o ne a nna dingwaga di le mmalwa kwa bookelong jwa malwetse a tlhaloganyo morago ga loso lwa ngwana wa gagwe wa ntlha, mosimane yo o neng a bidiwa Gerald Emery, yo o neng a tlhokafala morago ga dibeke di le robabobedi a tshotswe.O ne a le kwa kokelong e kgolo ya malwetse a tlhaloganyo kwa Pietemaritzburg fa a ne a tshola Bessie. Le fa a ne a sa letlelelwa go tshola ngwana,<ref name=":0" /> o ne a naya morwadie leina la gagwe. Rraagwe ga a itsewe. Lesea Bessie le ne la bewa la ntlha le batsadi ba basweu ba ba mo godisitseng ka kakanyo ya gore ke mosweu. Dibeke di le mmalwa moragonyana, batsadi bano ba ne ba lemoga gore o na le mmala mme ba mmusetsa kwa balaoding. Morago ga moo o ne a bewa le lelapa la merafe e e tlhakaneng kgotsa ya [["mmala"]], ba ga Heathcote, mo lefelong le le humanegileng le eseng la basweu kwa Pietermaritzburg. Fano, o ne a gola le mme yo o neng a mo godisa mo go gagametseng, e bong Nelly Heathcote, mme one a tsena Kereke ya Roma ya lefelo leo le sekolo sese sebotlana. Ga a ise a ko a lemoge sentle gore e ne e se Mo-Heathcote. O ne a itumelela bongwana jo bo batlang jo bo tlwaelesegile jwa nako ya gagwe le lefelo la gagwe, kwa ntle ga gore mmaagwe yo o mo godisitseng o ne a sa utlwane le go rata dibuka ga gagwe.<ref name=":1">Gillian Eilersen (1995). ''Bessie Head: Thunder Behind Her Ears: her life and writing''. Wits University Press. p. 9–18. ISBN 978-0-435-08984-9. OCLC 802874023. Wikidata Q112683813.</ref> Fa Bessie a le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi, fa a sena go fetsa dingwaga di le nne tsa thuto ya sekolo se sebotlana, balaodi ba ne ba mo fudusetsa kwa [[Legaeng la Basetsana ba Mmala la St. Monica]], sekolo sa Anglican se se nang le matlo a borobalo kwa [[Durban]]. Kwa tshimologong, Bessie o ne a leka go tshaba le go boela gae. Moragonyana, o ne a simolola go lemoga khumo ya dibuka le kitso e sekolo seo se neng se e naya. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa gagwe wa bobedi, o ne a itshokela kutlobotlhoko e kgolo ya ntlha mo botshelong jwa gagwe. Balaodi ba ne ba mmolelela ka tshoganyetso gore ke morwadia mosadi mongwe wa mosweu, e seng Nelly Heathcote, le gore ga a kitla a letlelewa go boela kwa legaeng la gagwe la pele ka malatsi a boikhutso a Keresemose. Mosha yono o ne a utlwile botlhoko thata mme a ikgogela morago.<ref name=":1" /> Dingwaga di le pedi moragonyana, kwa bokhutlong jwa 1953, Bessie o ne a pasa tlhatlhobo ya gagwe ya [[Setlankana sa Junior]]. O ne a tswelela go dira [[Setlankana sa Katiso ya Barutabana]] sa dingwaga di le pedi kwa kholetšheng e e fa gaufi, fa a ntse a nna kwa St. Monica. La bofelo, kwa tshimologong ya 1956, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya bolela gore ke mogolo; o ne a newa setlankana sa nakwana sa go ruta; mme a amogela tiro ya go nna morutabana kwa sekolong se se botlana sa mmala kwa Durban.<ref>Mary Ellen Snodgrass, [https://books.google.com/books?id=LXyyYs2cRDcC&dq=bessie+amelia+emery+head&pg=PT141 "Head, Bessie (Bessie Amelia Emery Head)"], ''Encyclopedia of the Literature of Empire'', Infobase Publishing, 2010, pp. 131–132.</ref> Ka nako eno o ne a nna le botsala jo bogolo le badiri ba le mmalwa ba basweu ba St. Monica, mmogo le maloko a le mmalwa a [[setšhaba sa "Maindia"]], mme kgatlhego ya gagwe mo ditumelong tse e seng tsa Bokeresete e ne ya atlega, segolobogolo Bohindu.hyrhrhyt Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, o ne a na le kgolagano e e seng kalo fela le [[bontsi jwa "bantsho" jwa Aforika]] kwa Natal, ba e neng e le [[Mazulu]] ka bontsi. Mo bogareng jwa 1958, a lapisitswe ke ditiro tsa gagwe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le go lora ka dilo tse dikgolo, Head o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe. O ne a nna le moletlo wa letsatsi la matsalo a dingwaga tse masome mabedi le motso le ditsala tsa gagwe tsa bogologolo, morago ga moo a palama terena go ya kwa [[Cape Town]], kwa a neng a ikaeletse go nna mmega dikgang gone.<ref name=":1" /> === Cape Town le Johannesburg === Batho ba Aforika Borwa ba ba neng ba le kwa ditoropong ba e seng basweu ba ne ba simolola go fuduega ka fa tlase ga melao e e neng e ntse e thibela le go feta ya tlhaolele. Dikuranta le dimakasine di le mmalwa tsa mmaraka wa batho ba le bantsi di ne di setse di thusa ka dilo tse ba di ratang, mme mo go tsone ''Drum'' ya beke le beke e ne e le yone e e neng e tumile thata. Head o ne a batla tiro go na le moo mo kgatisong ya kgaitsadie ''Drum'', e leng ''Golden City Post'' e e neng e tswa beke le beke. O ne a bereka koo mo e ka nnang ngwaga, a faela dikgang tsa kgotlatshekelo le ditiro tse dingwe tse dinnye tse di neng di newa batho ba ba sa tswang go simolola mo phaposing ya dikgang. O ne a kwala ka leina la gagwe la mmatota, Bessie Amelia Emery.<ref name=":2">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/bessie-amelia-head-sa-novelist-dies "Bessie Amelia Head, SA novelist dies"], South African History Online, 17 April 1986.</ref> Le fa ka nako eo Cape Town e ne e le bogolo jo bo tshwanang le jwa Durban, e ne e le mefutafuta thata e bile e raraane, e na le ditso tse ditelele thata. E ne e le motsemogolo wa sepolotiki wa lefatshe e bile ke yone, e le legae la [[Palamente]] ya yone. Kwa Pietermaritzburg le kwa Durban, Bessie o ne a ntse a le leloko la setlhopha se sennye sa batho ba ba seng bantsi, e leng [[Ba-Colored (ba merafe e e tlhakaneng) ba ba buang Seesemane]]. Kwa Cape Town ka tshoganetso o ne a nna leloko la setlhopha se segolo sa merafe ya selegae — Coloured — mme e le se se neng se bua [[Seburu]] mo botshelong jwa sone jwa letsatsi le letsatsi. Le fa a ne a sa ke a phuthologa mo puong eno e e neng e tswa mo [[baagi ba ntlha ba MaDutch]] ba Cape Town, go ise go ye kae o ne a kgona go tshela. Se a neng a fitlhela se le thata go se amogela e ne e le dikgaogano tse di neng di le teng mo setšhabeng seo ka mmala wa letlalo le maemo a itsholelo. O ne a le montsho thata go ka tsenela batho ba maemo, ka jalo o ne a rata go kopana le badiri le batho ba maemo a a kwa tlase mo [[Kgaolong ya Borataro]], morafe o mogolo wa Bammala o o neng o nna kwa letlhakoreng la bophirima la [[Table Mountain]], e seng kgakala le bogare. Fa gare ga tiro ya gagwe le marobalo a gagwe kwa Kgaolong ya Borataro, mosha yoo yo o sa tswang go goroga kwa kgaolong o ne a simolola ka bonako go dirisa mofuta le lebelo la toropo e kgolo. Gape o ne a lemoga ka kelotlhoko dikgotlhang tse dintsi tsa ka fa gare ga Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka 1959, Head o ne a fudugela kwa Johannesburg go ya go dira kwa ''Home Post'', e leng kgatiso e nngwe e e neng e le kgaitsadie ''Drum''; o ne a newa padi ya gagwe le tuelo e e tlhomameng. Fano o ne a kopana le bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata ba ba jaaka [[Lewis Nkosi]], [[Can Themba]] le [[Dennis Brutus]], mme a lekeletsa go kwala ga gagwe ka nosi. Mme maitemogelo a gagwe a a neng a fetola botshelo jwa gagwe ka nako eo e ne e le gore o ne a kopana le dikwalo tsa sepolotiki tsa bosetšhaba jwa bantsho, segolobogolo tsa ba-[[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|Pan-Africanist]] [[George Padmore]] le [[Robert Sobukwe]]. Nngwe ya dibuka tsa ga Padmore "e ne ya nnaya letlalo le lesha le botshelo jo bosha jo bo neng bo sa amogelesege gotlhelele mo maemong a a kwa tlase koo," o ne a kwala jalo moragonyana.<ref>Bessie Head, in ''South African Review of Books'', 1990, p. 12.</ref> O ne a kopana le Sobukwe mme a mo fitlhela a le teng thata ka namana. Gape o ne a kopana le diopedi tsa jazz le jazz, mme a rata [[Abdullah Ibrahim]] yo mmotlana ka bonako, yo ka nako eo a neng a itsege jaaka Dollar Brand, yo o neng a etelela pele setlhopha se se kwa pele sa jazz mo nageng.<ref name=":1" /> Setho le sepolotiki di ne tsa thunya mo tshimologong ya 1960. Head o ne a tsenelela [[Kokoano ya Pan-Africanist]] (PAC) ya ga Sobukwe dibeke di le mmalwa pele ga lekoko leo le etelela pele boipelaetso jwa bontsi jo bo neng bo tla bolaya kwa [[Soweto]], Sharpeville, le kwa metsesetoropong e mengwe ya batho bantsho. [[Polao ya Sharpeville]] e ne ya latela, mme ya tsosa diphetogo tse di botlhokwa tsa sepolotiki le tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Makoko a sepolotiki a batho bantsho a ne a thibelwa mme diketekete tsa balweladitshwanelo tsa tshwarwa. Head o ne a dira ka bokhutshwane go tshegetsa magolegwa a PAC pele ga a tshwarwa ka boene mo tiragalong e e maswe ya go tshwarisiwa ke bangwe ka boene mo gare ga batlhomogi ba PAC. Le fa gone kgabagare ditatofatso tse a neng a di latofadiwa di ne tsa kgaolwa, go ise go ye kae o ne a tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong mme a leka go ipolaya. Morago ga go robadiwa kwa kokelong ka nakwana, o ne a boela kwa Cape Town, a robegile mowa ka nakwana mme a swabisitswe ke dipolotiki.<ref name=":1" /> Mo e ka nnang ka 1969, Head le ene o ne a simolola go nna le matshwao a bolwetse jwa go fetofetoga maikutlo le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":3">Puchner, Martin. ''The Norton Anthology of World Literature''. 4th edn, F, W.W. Norton & Company, 2013.</ref> Morago ga ngwaga wa go rapama kwa tlase, Head o ne a tlhagelela gape mo ditlhopheng tsa batlhalefi le ba sepolotiki ba Cape Town, a kopanela le batlhalefi ba merafe e mentsi ya [[Liberal Party]] mmogo le batlhotlheletsi ba PAC. O ne a simolola go goga motsoko le go nwa. Ka Phukwi 1961, o ne a kopana le Harold Head, lekawana la Mmala le le neng le bua sentle go tswa kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pretoria]] le le neng le na le dikgatlhego tse dintsi tsa tlhaloganyo tse di tshwanang le tsa gagwe. Dibeke di le thataro morago ga foo ba ne ba nyalana, mme ka Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano ka 1962 ngwana wa bone a le esi, Howard Rex Head, o ne a tsholwa.<ref name=":2" /> Lesea le ne le tshwailwe ke bolwetse jo bonnye (jo ka nako eo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe) jwa phetelo ya bojalwa kwa leseeng, jo bo neng bo tla mo ama botshelo jwa gagwe jotlhe.<ref>Accone, Darryl (17 May 2019). [https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-17-00-heads-journalism-eclipsed/ "Head's journalism eclipsed"]. ''[[:en:Mail&Guardian|Mail&Guardian]]''.</ref> Bobedi jwa ga Harold le Bessie ba ne ba kwala dipadi ka nako eo, gantsi ba ne ba kwalela ''The New African'', e leng makasine o o simololang wa kgwedi le kgwedi o o neng o gatisiwa kwa Motsekapa. Bessie o ne a kwala gape buka ya drama, ''The Cardinals'', e e neng ya se ka ya gatisiwa ka dingwaga di le masome mararo. Mme boora-Head ba ne ba humanegile mme lenyalo la bone le ne le tlhotlhorega. Howard o ne a itshupa e le lesea le le sa nyenyeng. Ka kgobego marapo e kgolo Bessie o ne a tswa kwa Cape Town kwa bokhutlong jwa 1963 go ya go nna le matsalaagwe gaufi le Pretoria, a tsamaya le Howard. Fa botsalano joo le jone bo thubega, Head o ne a lapile. O ne a kopa tiro ya borutabana kwa lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (e jaanong e bidiwang [[Botswana]]) mme a amogelwa. Le mororo a ne a sa kgone go bona pasa ya mosepele, tsala nngwe ya gagwe e ne ya mo thusa go bona tetla ya go tswa ka tsela e le nngwe fela. Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa Mopitlo 1964, ene le morwawe ba ne ba palama terena ba ya kwa bokone. Head ga a ise a ke a bone Aforika Borwa gape.<ref name=":1" /> === Botswana === Ka 1964, a tlogela botshelo jwa gagwe kwa Aforika Borwa, o ne a fudugela le morwawe yo monnye kwa [[Botswana]] (ka nako eo e ne e santse e le [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]) a batla botshabelo,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Emery-Head "Bessie Emery Head"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> ka a ne a amega thata mo [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|dipolotiking tsa Pan-Africa]]. Go ne go tla tsaya dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano gore Head a bone [[boagedi jwa Botswana]]. Head o ne a nna kwa [[Serowe]],<ref name=":4">Lewis, Desiree (2003). "Bessie Head". In Margaret J. Daymond; Dorothy Driver; Sheila Meintjes (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=MXJfTLB4XvcC Women Writing Africa: The Southern Region]''. Feminist Press at CUNY. p. 290. ISBN 9781558614079. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> e leng "motse" o mogolo go gaisa wa Botswana (i.e., mafelo a setso go na le ditoropo tsa baagi). Serowe e ne e tumile ka bobedi ka botlhokwa jwa yone mo ditsong, jaaka motsemogolo wa morafe wa [[Bangwato|Bamangwato]], le ka sekolo sa tekeletso sa [[Sekolo Sa Swaneng Hill|Swaneng]] sa ga [[Patrick van Rensburg]]. [[Kgosi e kgolo]] ya Bamangwato e e neng e tlositswe mo setilong, [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]], e ne e tla tloga e nna tautona wa ntlha wa Botswana yo o ipusang.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog7e.shtml "Making History | Sir Seretse Khama - first President of Botswana"]. ''[[:en:BBC_Radio_4|BBC Radio 4]]''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Loso lwa gagwe a sale mmotlana kwa Serowe ka 1986 (a le dingwaga di le 48) ka ntlha ya [[bolwetse jwa sebete]] lo ne lwa tla fela ka nako ya fa a ne a simolola go amogelwa jaaka mokwadi mme a ne a sa tlhole a humanegile thata jaana.<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/head-bessie-introduction "Head, Bessie: Introduction | Encyclopedia.com"]. ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/south-african-literature-biographies/bessie-head "Bessie Head | Encyclopedia.com"]. ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Go kwala == Bontsi jwa dibuka tsa ga Bessie Head di ka ga [[Serowe]], go akaretsa le dipadi tsa ''[[When Rain Clouds Gather]]'' (1968), ''[[Maru]]'' (1971), le ''[[A Question of Power]]'' (1973).<ref name=":4" /> Boraro jo gape ke ka gagagwe; ''When Rain Clouds Gather'' e ikaegile ka maitemogelo a gagwe a go nna mo polaseng ya tlhabololo, ''Maru'' e akaretsa maitemogelo a gagwe a go tsewa e le yo o kwa tlase ka lotso, mme ''A Question of Power'' e dirisa tlhaloganyo ya gagwe ya gore go ne go ntse jang go itemogela kgatelelo e e tseneletseng ya tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":4" /> Head o ne a gatisa gape dikgankhutshwe di le mmalwa, go akaretsa le kokoanyo ya ''The Collector of Treasures'' (1977).<ref name=":4" /> O ne a gatisa buka e e buang ka ditiragalo tsa Serowe, motse o a neng a thibelela mo go one, e bidiwa ''Serowe: Village of the Rainwind.'' Padi ya gagwe ya bofelo, ''A Bewitched Crossroad'' (1984), ke ya ditso, e e kwadilweng mo Botswana wa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe. O ne a kwadile gape kgang ya baporofeti ba babedi, yo mongwe a humile mme yo mongwe a tshela ka bohumanegi e e bidiwang "Jacob: The Faith-Healing Priest".<ref>Head, Bessie (1992). ''[https://uct.worldcat.org/title/collector-of-treasures-and-other-botswana-village-tales/oclc/27760535 The collector of treasures: and other Botswana village tales]''. Oxford: Heinemann International Literature and Textbooks. ISBN 9780435909819. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/27760535 27760535].</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e akareditswe mo bukeng ya 1992 ya ''[[Daughters of Africa]]'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[Margaret Busby]].<ref>Magwood, Michele (5 July 2019). [https://www.wantedonline.co.za/voices/2019-07-05-new-daughters-of-africa-is-a-powerful-collection-of-writing-by-women-from-the-continent/ "'New Daughters of Africa' is a powerful collection of writing by women from the continent"]. ''Wanted''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Tiro ya ga Head e ne e lebile botshelo jwa letsatsi le letsatsi jwa batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng le seabe sa bone mo dikgaratlhong tse dikgolo tsa sepolotiki tsa Aforika. Gantsi dikgopolo tsa bodumedi di ne di tlhagelela thata, jaaka mo bukeng ya ''A Question of Power''. Head o ne a godisiwa kwa tshimologong e le Mokeresete; le fa go ntse jalo, moragonyana o ne a tlhotlhelediwa ke [[Hinduism|Bohindu]] (jo a neng a bo bona ka setšhaba sa Baindia sa Aforika Borwa).<ref>Smith, Lauren (1999). "Christ as Creole: Hybridity and the Revision of Colonial Imagery in the Works of Bessie Head". ''English in Africa''. '''26''' (1): 61–80. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0376-8902 0376-8902]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40238875 40238875].</ref> Bontsi jwa dikwalo tsa gagwe di diragetse fa a ne a le kwa botshabelo kwa Botswana, a dule mo Aforika Borwa ka 1964. Se se sa akarediweng ke padi ya ''The Cardinals'' (e e gatisitsweng morago ga loso lwa gagwe ka 1993), e e diragetseng mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4" /> Ka ditsela dingwe, Head o ne a nna motho yo o tswang kwa ntle mo lefatsheng le a neng a le itlhophetshe, mme bangwe ba lemoga gore o ne a na le kamano nngwe ya lorato le letlhoo le lone. O ne a lwantshana le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo mme a nna le tiragalo e kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ka 1969, e e neng ya dira gore a robadiwe ka lobaka lo lo rileng kwa Kokelong ya Tlhaloganyo kwa [[Lobatse]]. ''A Question of Power'', e Bessie Head a neng a e tsaya e le "e e batlang e le ya botshelo jwa gagwe" e ne ya kwalwa morago ga tiragalo eo.<ref>Davis, Caroline (16 April 2018). [https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/650b7d67-3696-48f3-8bae-e62330ce564c/1 "A Question of Power: Bessie Head and her Publishers"]. ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''44''' (3): 491–506. doi:10.1080/03057070.2018.1445354. ISSN 0305-7070. S2CID 149759698.</ref> === Ditlhotlheletso === Bontsi jwa tiro ya ga Head e ne e tlhotlheleditswe ke [[Mahatma Gandhi]], mme o ne a re ga a ise "ke ke bale sepe se se tsositseng maikutlo a me jaaka dipolelo tsa sepolotiki tsa ga Gandhi".<ref name=":3" /> Head o ne a tlhotlhelediwa thata ke Gandhi le tsela e a neng a tlhalosa dikgang tsa ga jaanong tsa sepolotiki ka tsela e e utlwalang sentle ka yone. Fa a bala dipampiri tsa gagwe, Head o ne a gakgamadiwa ke tiro mme a fitlhelela tshwetso ya gore Gandhi o tshwanetse a bo e le "Modimo jaaka motho".<ref name=":3" /> == Ditlotla le dietsele == Ka 1977, Head o ne a tsenelela Lenaneo la Boditšhabatšhaba la go Kwala la [[Yunibesithi ya Iowa]], le go lalediwang fela palo e e tlhophilweng ya bakwadi go tswa kwa lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":3" /><ref>Golden, Audrey (30 December 2016). [https://blog.bookstellyouwhy.com/bessie-head-at-the-international-writing-program "Bessie Head's Experience at the International Writing Program"].</ref> Ka 2003, morago ga loso lwa gagwe o ne a abelwa Sekgele sa Aforika Borwa sa [[Order of Ikhamanga]] ka Gauta ka ntlha ya "seabe sa gagwe se se kgethegileng mo dikwalong le mo kgaratlhong ya phetogo ya loago, kgololesego le kagiso."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927050140/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=172 "Profile of Bessie Head"]. S A National Orders. Archived from [http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/orders_list.asp?show=172 the original] on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> Sekolo sa Werda kwa Durban, Aforika Borwa, se se neng se itsege jaaka Sekolo sa Basetsana sa St Monica.<ref>[https://sthp.saha.org.za/memorial/bessie_head.htm "Bessie Head, Struggle for identity"]. ''Sunday Times Heritage Project''. Retrieved 27 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Boswa == Ka 2007, go ne ga tlhongwa Trust ya Boswa ya Bessie Head, mmogo le [[Dietsele tsa Dikwalo tsa Bessie Head]].<ref>[http://thuto.org/bhead/html/awards/awards.htm Bessie Head Literature Awards].</ref> Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ka 2007 [[Motlobo o mogolo wa dibuka wa Mmasepala wa Msunduzi]] kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]] e ne ya bidiwa Motlobo wa dibuka wa Bessie Head go mo tlotla.<ref>[http://www.msunduzi.gov.za/site/library "Msunduzi Municipal Library Services"], Pietermaritzburg.</ref> Dipampiri tsa ga Bessie Head di bolokilwe kwa [[Motlobong wa ditso wa Segopotso sa Khama III]] kwa Serowe.<ref>[http://thuto.org/bhead/html/museum/museum.htm "Museum publishes Catalogue of the Bessie Head Papers"], Bessie Head Heritage Trust.</ref> == Tse dingwe == {{Botswana-stub}} == Metswedi == 69ttc6hhlkwutpxfggx0lo93w8cz6kb 0 13013 52039 49068 2026-07-07T05:57:41Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52039 wikitext text/x-wiki Mo go Wikipedia, pokello ya kgololesego ya kitso '''Thabang Kamogelo Molaba''' ke motshameki le mmotlolo wa difeshene wa Aforika Borwa. O itsege thata ka seabe sa gagwe jaaka KB Molapo mo go letoto la [[Netflix]] [[Blood & Water]]. O simolotse go itsega fa a ne a tlhagelela mo go telenovela ya [[Mzansi Magic]] e e bidiwang [[The Queen]].<ref>Kekana, Chrizelda (9 October 2017). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2017-10-09-yummy-and-determined-to-prove-himself-meet-the-queens-thabang-molaba/ "Yummy and determined to prove himself: Meet The Queen's Thabang Molaba"]. ''Sunday Times''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Molaba o tsholetswe e bile o godisitswe kwa [[Harrismith]], [[Free State]], ke batsadi ba gagwe Lisbeth le Richard, ba bobedi e leng barutabana. Ke wa morafe wa [[Mazulu]] le [[Basotho]]. O ne a tsaya karolo mo terameng kwa Tshiame Youth Club mme a tsaya dithuto tsa botshameki le Patricia Boyer pele a fudugela kwa [[Johannesburg]]. O alogile ka degree ya logistics go tswa kwa [[Tshwane University of Technology]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260125051805/https://mlasa.com/actors/thabang-molaba/ "Thabang Molaba"]. ''MLASA''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref><ref>Mofokeng, Lesley (4 March 2018). [https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2018-03-04-thabang-plays-with--screen--royalty/ "Thabang plays with screen royalty"]. ''Sowetan Live''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> == Botshelo jwa sephiri == Ka Phukwi 2021, Molaba o ne a bua phatlalatsa ka maitemogelo a gagwe ka kalafi ya tlhaloganyo.<ref>Naidoo, Alicia (15 July 2021). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/celeb-news/blood-and-water-thabang-molaba-therapy-maldives/ "'Blood and Water' actor Thabang Molaba reflects on 3 months of therapy"]. ''The South African''. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</ref><ref>Mphande, Joy (15 July 2021). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-07-15-thabang-molaba-admitting-you-need-therapy--healing-is-the-most-difficult-step/ "Thabang Molaba: 'Admitting you need therapy & healing is the most difficult step'"]. ''Sunday Times''. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</ref> == Ditiro tsa filimi le thelebishene == === Filimi === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Filimi !Seabe |- |2025 |[[Now You See Me: Now You Don't]] |Lethabo Khoza |} === Thelebishene === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Seabe |- |2017-2018 |[[The Queen]] |Gift Mabuza |- |2018 |Ring of Lies |Fumane Nthebe |- |2018-Gompieno |Love: The Web Series |Khumo<ref>[https://youthvillage.co.za/2018/08/thabang-molaba-bags-a-new-show-after-the-queen-exit/ "Thabang Molaba Bags A New Show After The Queen Exit"]. ''Youth Village''. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</ref> |- |2020-Gompieno |[[Blood & Water]] |Karabo "KB" Molapo<ref>Swartbooi, Nobuntu (3 June 2020). [https://www.ecr.co.za/shows/stacey-jsbu/stacey-jsbu-chat-multi-talented-kb-blood-and-water/ "Stacey & JSbu chat with the multi talented "KB" from Blood and Water!"]. ''East Coast Radio''. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</ref> |- |2020 |Diamond City |Mak<ref>de Wee, Naledi (6 July 2021). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/entertainment/prokid-biopic-vic-mensa-african-american-twitter-who-is-thabang-molaba-update/ "Hold your horses, tweeps! Vic Mensa will not be ProKid in biopic"]. ''The South African''. Retrieved 25 September 2021.</ref> |} == Ditshupiso == 4lrr7ir32rjvzsfer320l3pdl1cmgwq 0 13434 52035 50362 2026-07-07T03:10:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52035 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Voëlvlei dam system map.svg|thumb|mmepe wa letamo la Voelvlei le mesele le dinoka tse di kopanang le lone]] '''Letamo la Voëlvlei''' ke letamo le le kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] gaufi le toropo ya Gouda. Lebotana la lone le le agilweng ka mmu le boleele jwa di mithara di le dikete pedi, makgolo a robabongwe, le lesome le di mithara di le lesome go ya kwa godimo. Molatswana o apesa bophara jwa di heketara di le sekete, makgolo a matlhano, masome a mabedi le bone, mme le na le bokgoni jwa go tshwara metsi a selekanyo sa di mega lithara di le dikete di le lekgolo, masome a marataro le borobabobedi,<ref>"List of Registered Dams". Dam Safety Office, Department of Water and Sanitation. Retrieved 09 June 2026</ref> se se dira gore e nne molatswana wa bobedi ka botona mo mafaratlhatlheng a metsi kwa Kapa Bophirima. Metsi a a tswang mo molatswaneng a isiwa kwa go tlhatswiwang metsing teng kwa toropong ya [[Cape Town]] le mmasepala wa kgaolo ya lotshitshi lo lo kwa bophirima, metsi a gape a kgona go isiwa kwa nokeng ya Berg go dirisediwa tsa temothuop kgotsa go tlatsa [[letamo la Misverstand]]. Letamo la Voëlvlei le agilwe ka ngwaga wa 1952 go oketsa selekanyo sa metsi a aka tshwarwang kwa letšheng la Vöelvlei, le le nnileng teng ka ntlha ya petso ya tlholego. Ka letšha le ne le nosa lefelo le se kae fela, mosele o ne wa agiwa go isa metsi kwa molatswaneng go tswa kwa letamong kwa Nuwekloof Pass mo nokeng ya Klein Berg. Go fitlhelela seelo sa metsi kwa Cape Town, lebotana la letamo le ne la golediwa ka 1969, mosele wa bobedi wa agiwa ka 1971 go isa metsi go tswa kwa nokeng ya Leeu le noka ya Vier-en-Twintig, tse di tshelwang ke Groot Winterhoek.<ref>River Health Programme (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260609094334/https://www.dws.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/berg04/berg.pdf State-of-Rivers Report: Berg River System] (PDF) (Report). Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. p. 26. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-620-32075-3|0-620-32075-3]]</bdi>. Retrieved 09 june 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka 1734 masimo a letamo la Voëlvlei le leng mo go one e ne e le a lolwapa loora Walters, lo lo neng lo le lwa ma Jeremane. Ka ngwaga wa 1948 puso e ne ya tsaya lefatshe leo le tshimo go le dirisetsa porojeke ya go nosetsa ya noka ya Berg. Puso e ne ya duela lolwapa loora Walters madi a a kakang ka diponto di le dikete di le masome mane le bone go ba phimola dikeledi, le kompone ya Vogelvlei Quarries e e neng e rekile mo go setseng ga Volvlei ka 1946 diponto di le dikete di le masome mane le borobabobedi. lolwapa loora Walters lo ne lo sa dumalane le phuduso e la bo la lwantsha puso ka lobaka. Morago ga gore lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le nne lefatshe la puso ya batho ka batho ka 1994 morwa mongwa pele wa lefatshe la Voëlvlei o ne a re o supa fa lefatshe e le la bone go ya ka molao wa lefatshe.<ref>[https://www.wamsys.co.za/cms/modules/media/scripts/documents/document.handler.php?media_files_id=812 Modules]wamsys.co.za [https://web.archive.org/web/20210126221255/https://www.wamsys.co.za/cms/modules/media/scripts/documents/document.handler.php?media_files_id=812 Archived] 26 January 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> == Metswedi == adzx9ps8jnfn246nbnfkqxnpc4tt817 0 13437 52037 50366 2026-07-07T04:39:42Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Klein Berg|image_map=South Africa Western Cape relief location map.svg|map_caption=Kwa Klein Berg e kopanang teng le Berg|river_name=Klein-Bergrivier|mouth=[[Noka ya Berg]]|origin=Groot Winterhoek|basin_countries=[[Aforika Borwa]]|location=[[Kapa Bophirima]]}} '''Noka ya Klein Berg''' (kgotsa '''Noka ya Little Berg'''; ka teme ya Afrikaans ''Klein-Bergrivier'') ke noka e e tshelang mo nokeng ya Berg kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Noka ya Klein Berg e tsaya metsi kwa kgampung ya Tulbagh e feta ka Nuwekloof e tshela kwa Swartland, kwa e kopanang teng le Berg. Kgampu ya Tulbagh e thibetswe ke dithaba tsa Obiqua le Waterval kwa Bophirima, kwa bokone ke Groot Winterhoek, kwa botlhaba ke Witzenberg. kwa borwa e kgaogantswe ke mokgatsha wa Breede River ke mathudi a metsi a a fetang mo toropong ya Wolseley. Klein Berg e feta mo mekgokoloseng ya Groot Winterhoek e tsaya metsi kwa bokoneng jwa kgampu, fa noka e e tshelang mo go yone thata ya Boontjies e rswa kwa Witzenberg e tsaya metsi mo borwa jwa kgampu. Metswedi e mebedi e, e kopana kwa molomong o o kwa botlhaba wa Nuwekloof, e le mogogoro o mosesane mo dithabeng tsa Obiqua. Kwa Nuwekloof noka e kganetswe ke letamo le le faposang metsi go ya kwa letamong la Voelvlei. Fa e tswa kwa kloof. Klein Berg e feta ka toropo ya Gouda pele ga e tsena kwa nokeng ya Berg gaufi le Saron. Letamo le le kwa Nuwekloof Pass le faposa metsi a a di mithara di le sedikadike le bosupa ka letsatsi, ka selemo e ka nna metsi otlhe a a tsenang mo nokeng e o. Botsogo jwa noka bo amiwa ke metsi a aleswe a toropo a a tswang kwa Tulbagh le ka metsi a temothuo.<ref>River Health Programme (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260609094334/https://www.dws.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/berg04/berg.pdf State-of-Rivers Report: Berg River System] (PDF) (Report). Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. pp. 25–28. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-620-32075-3|0-620-32075-3]]</bdi>. Retrieved 09 June 2026</ref> Mokgatsha wa Nuwekloof o o dirilweng ke noka ya Klein berg ke yone fela stela e e fetang ka dithaba go ya botlhaba jwa Cape Town, ebile go lobaka e dirisediwa tsa dipalamo. Tsela ya dikoloi tsa dipitse e ne ya agiwa go kgabaganya kloof ka dingwaga tsa 1750; gompieno ke bontlha jwa tsela ya [[R46]]. Seporo go tswa kwa [[Cape Town]] go tsena mo motseng se agilwe go kgabaganya kloof ka 1875. == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Noka ya Klein]] * [[Noka ya Berg]] == Metswedi == lbpnzm9c1gm3nitl1rd18kjxtoh8wm1 0 13542 52034 50576 2026-07-07T03:08:55Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Tono''' ke lengwe la matamo a magolo a temothuo kwa bophirima jwa Afrika, le le kwa Kgaolong ya Kassena-Nankana ya Upper East Region, kwa bokone jwa Ghana. Letamo le le boleele jwa 2km le nosetsa diheketara di le 2,490 tsa lefatshe. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170730205814/http://www.ghanaexpeditions.com/regions/highlight_detail.asp?rdid=311 "ghanaexpeditions.com - Navrongo-Tono Irrigation Dam".] ''www.ghanaexpeditions.com''. Archived from [http://www.ghanaexpeditions.com/regions/highlight_detail.asp?rdid=311 the original] on 2017-07-30.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203034/https://ghana.peacefmonline.com/pages/tourism/other_sites/navrongo_tono_irrigation_dam/ "Navrongo-Tono Irrigation Dam | About Ghana".] ''ghana.peacefmonline.com''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203516/https://siga.gov.gh/sector/irrigation-company-of-upper-region/ "Irrigation Company of Upper Region".] ''SIGA: State Interests and Governance Authority''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref> == Ditso == Go agiwa ga letamo leno go simolotse ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975) mme ga wediwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985) ke Taysec, e leng khampani ya boenjenere ya kwa Boritane. E ne ya tlhomiwa ke Puso ya Ghana go rotloetsa go jalwa ga dijalo tsa dijo ngwaga otlhe ke balemirui ba sekale se sennye mo thulaganyong e e rulagantsweng le e e laolwang ya nosetso. Khampani ya go nosetsa ya Upper Region (ICOUR) e ne ya tlhomiwa go laola Letamo. <ref name=":0">[http://satgeo.zum.de/infoschul/information/Navrongo/johnston/tono.htm "ICOUR Tono Dam"]. ''satgeo.zum.de''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref> == Go baakanya == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), matlapana a konkoreite mo mogogorong o mogolo wa kgogedi wa letamo o ne wa tsosolosiwa. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221127141515/https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/ru/261981551366998141/pdf/Final-Dam-Assessment-Report-Tono.pdf "World Bank Document - Final Dam Assessment Report -Tono"] (PDF)</ref>Mmuso wa Ghana ka fa tlase ga The Ghana Commercial Agriculture Project (GCAP) o ne wa bona madi go tswa kwa World Bank le USAID go tsosolosa Letamo. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221127141522/https://www.arbapexbank.com/details.cfm?U/East%20Regional%20Minister%20pays%20working%20visit%20to%20Tono%20Irrigation%20Dam&corpnews_catid=7&corpnews_scatid=40&corpnews_scatlinkid=82 "U/East Regional Minister pays working visit to Tono Irrigation Dam".] ''www.arbapexbank.com''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref> == Tlhotlheletso == Letamo leno le thusa batho ba ka nna supa, mme go kgona ga lone go tlamela batho ka metsi a go nosetsa ngwaga otlhe go dirile gore go jalwe reisi, dinawa tsa soya le ditamati. Seno se tokafaditse botshelo jwa balemirui ba mo lefelong leo. Letamo leno le dirile letsha le le nang le lefelo le le itsegeng la dinonyane. === Bolwetse === Boemo jwa letamo leno bo dira gore le nne lefelo le le siametseng go tsadisa pharasaete ya schistosomiasis. Leroborobo leno le tsena mo mmeleng ka letlalo mme le bo le nna mo maleng kgotsa mo maleng a kgeleswa ya metsi. E ka baka go dutla ga madi go go botlhoko le go nna moopa, fa e sa alafiwe. <ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == nslk12ja860nqv5ob3zdscjkw67sopg 0 13875 52033 51505 2026-07-07T02:59:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52033 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Keddara Dam.jpg|thumb|Letamo la keddra]] '''Letamo la Keddara''', kgotsa Barrage Keddara, ke letamo le le dikilometara di le thataro kwa bokonebophirima jwa Keddara mo nokeng ya Boudouaou mo motsaneng wa Boumerdès, lefatsheng la [[Algeria]]. E agilwe magareng ga sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi (1982) le sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa(1987) ke kompone ya Yugoslav ya Hidrotehnika, maikaelelo a matona a letamo ke go tlamela metsi a go nosetsa le go dirisiwa ke masepala kwa Algiers e e leng dikilometara di le masome a mararo le botlhano go ya kwa bophirima.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210715120433/http://www.hidroenergetika.rs/en/algerie/keddara/ "Keddara | Algerie - Hidrotehnika - Hidroenergetika a.d."] ''www.hidroenergetika.rs''. Retrieved 2021-07-15.</ref> Letamo le le kwa bokgoni jwa 146,500,000 m3 (118,769 acre⋅ft) e e kgobokantsweng go tswa go kgelelo le Letamo la Hamiz 7.6 km (5 mi) go ya kwa bophirima le Letamo la Beni Amrane 17 km (11 mi) go ya kwa botlhaba.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231001083330/http://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/algerie/keddara/ "Keddara".] Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika. Retrieved 22 August 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.serbiaconstruction.com/projects/keddara-embankment-dam/ "Keddara embankment dam".] Serbia Construction. Retrieved 22 August 2011.</ref> == Metswedi == 36znvu9kcftupyzuasjcvx1sgk6livr 0 14025 52051 51477 2026-07-07T10:14:50Z KatieKea 10150 ke baakantse tlhanolo le go tsenya metswedi 52051 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bience Philomina Gawanas''' (yo o tsholetsweng ka 1956 ) ke [[mmueledi wa Mo-Namibia]] yo o kileng a dira jaaka [[Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng]] wa Aforika wa [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|Lekgotla la Ditšhaba]] go simolola ka 2018 go ya go 2020. Ke Chancellor wa [[Yunibesiti ya Warwick]], e a ''tseneng kwa'' go yone kwa Borithane.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-14 |title=University of Warwick appoints former Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations Advocate Bience Gawanas as new Chancellor |url=https://warwick.ac.uk/newsandevents/pressreleases/?newsItem=8ac672c69288fa6001928b934be61d7b |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=News & Events |language=en-GB}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2002 go fitlha ka 2012 Gawanas o dirile jaaka [[Molaodi wa Merero ya Loago]] kwa [[Kokoanong ya Ditlhogo tsa Mafatshe le Dipuso tsa Kopano ya Aforika]]. O ne a le Molaodi mo Khomišeneng ya Tirelosetšhaba kwa Namibia go tloga ka 1991 go ya go 1996, le [[motshereganyi]] mo [[Pusong ya Namibia]] go tloga ka 1996 go ya go 2003. O ne a dira jaaka motlhatlheledi wa Molao wa Bong kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Namibia]], Mokaedi wa Boto ya [[banka e kgolo]] ya [[Bank of Namibia]] (banka e kgolo ya lefatshe leo). O ne a nna le seabe mo [[mekgatlhong e le mentsi e e seng ya puso]] go akaretsa le Mokwaledi-Mogolo wa [[Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Basadi wa Namibia]] le motshegetsi wa [[Mokgatlho wa Batho ba ba Nang le Bogole wa Namibia]]. Jaaka Modulasetilo wa [[Khomišene ya Phetolo le Tlhabololo ya Molao]], o ne a okametse go fetisiwa ga Molao wa Tekatekano ya Batho ba ba Nyalaneng. Khomišene e ne gape ya dira tiro e ntsi ka ga Melao ya Petelelo le melao e mengwe e e botlhokwa e e neng ya feleletsa e fetisitswe morago ga nako ya gagwe. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Bience ke morwadia Philemon Gawanab le Hilde Rheiss.<ref name="man">{{Cite news|url=http://namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=38622|last1=Gawanab|first1=Lucky|last2=Minney|first2=Tom|title=Philemon Gawanab, Khomas man|newspaper=[[The Namibian]]|date=12 October 2007|access-date=13 November 2015}}</ref> O tsene sekolo se segolwane kwa sekolong sa Roma sa St Theresa kwa [[Tses]], kwa [[Kgaolong ya ǁKaras]], kwa lefelong le ka nako eo e neng e le [[Aforika Borwa Bophirima]], ka nako ya fa sekolo seno se ne se simolola go nna le sepolotiki thata.<ref>Williams, Christian A. (2004). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4133908 "Student Political Consciousness: Lessons from a Namibian Mission School"]. ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''30''' (3): 539–557. ISSN&#x20;0305-7070.</ref> Go tswa kwa Tses o ne a ya kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Kapa Bophirima]] (UWC) kwa [[Cape Town]], [[Aforika Borwa]], go ya go ithutela molao; Batshegetsi ba Roma ba ne ba mo thusa go emelana le kgatelelo ya badiredibagolo [[Tlhaolele|ba tlhaolele]] gore a fetole tiro ya gagwe go tswa mo go tsa molao go ya kwa booking. O ne a lelekwa kwa UWC morago ga [[dikhuduego tsa kwa Soweto]] ka 1976.<ref name="doctorate">{{Cite news|url=http://www.newera.com.na/articles/47907/Adv-Gawanas-honoured-with-Doctorate-in-Cape-Town|title=Adv Gawanas honoured with Doctorate in Cape Town|last1=Kambaekwa|first1=Carlos|date=24 September 2012|newspaper=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]|access-date=24 June 2026|archivedate=27 September 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927081540/http://www.newera.com.na/articles/47907/Adv-Gawanas-honoured-with-Doctorate-in-Cape-Town}} [[Category:CS1: unfit URL]]</ref> Fa a sena go lelekwa o ne a boela kwa Namibia, a nna leloko la [[SWAPO Youth League]], mme a bereka e le morutabana. Morago ga moo o ne a ya lejwa mme a nna kwa [[Zambia]], [[Angola]] le [[Cuba]]. Ka 1981 [[Mokgatlho wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Badiri]] o ne wa mo tshegetsa ka madi gore a nne moithuti kwa ntlokgolong ya bone mme morago ga moo a ya kwa thutong [[ya molao wa badiri]]. O ne a fudugela kwa United Kingdom go ya go dira digerata ya gagwe ya molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Warwick]], e e neng e tshegediwa ka madi ke Letlole la Thuto la Aforika. O ne a aloga ka 1987 mme a tshwanelega go [[nna mmueledi]] kwa [[Lincoln's Inn]], kwa Lontone mo ngwageng o o latelang.<ref name="doctorate"/> Namibia e ne [[Ntwa ya molelwane wa Aforika Borwa|e gapilwe ke Aforika Borwa e se ka fa molaong]] go fitlha ka 1990. "Fa ke ne ke swetsa go ithutela molao, motlhatlhobi wa dikolo tsa basweu o ne a mpolelela gore jaaka ngwana yo montsho botlhale jwa me bo ne bo le kwa tlase ga jwa ngwana wa mosweu le gore gongwe molao o ne o sa direlwa nna," o ne a raya mongwe yo o neng a mo botsolotsa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=5611|title=Lawyer signals ascent of Africa's modernisers|work=The Namibian|access-date=2017-09-08|language=en}}</ref> "Gompieno ke mmueledi mme ke supile gore botlhale ga bo amane ka gope le mmala wa motho." Kgatlhego ya ga Gawanas mo molaong e ne ya tsoga morago ga gore morwarraagwe yo mogolo yo o rategang Jeka a tsewe ke basweu mme a itewa go fitlha a swa fa a ne a tsamaya ka dikoloi, mme mapodisi a swetsa gore ke "kotsi ya tsela".<ref name="man"/> Katiso ya gagwe e e mosola e ne e akaretsa go dira le Lord [[Tony Gifford]] mo dikgetseng tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho tse di jaaka boikuelo jwa "[[Birmingham Six]]" jwa batho ba go neng go twe ba thuntshitse dibomo ba moragonyana ba neng ba gololwa mo molatong. Mo nakong yotlhe ya go ya lejwa ga gagwe, Gawanas o ne a tswelela ka letsholo la gore Namibia e gololesege go tswa mo pusong ya Aforika Borwa. Ka 1988 o ne a ya kwa Zambia go etela morwadie mme a tshwarwa ke [[SWAPO]], e leng mokgatlho o a neng a o ema nokeng mo nakong e e fetileng. Mo pakeng e telele mokgatlho o ne wa tshwara diketekete tsa batho ba Namibia jaaka karolo ya "go tshosa batsayaditlholwa". Ditatofatso tseno ga di ise di ko di supiwe le fa a [[ne a tswaletswe a le esi]] le go bogisiwa dikgwedi di le dintsi. Moragonyana Gawanas o ne a nna mongwe wa batho ba ntlha ba Namibia go boa ba tshela go tswa kwa [[Lubango dungeons|dikgolegelong tsa Lubango]], kwa Angola Borwa, ka 1989, dikgwedi di le mmalwa pele ga bagolegwa ba bangwe ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba sa ntse ba tshela ba gololwa. Ka July 1989, ene le morwadie ba ne ba busediwa kwa gae ke [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|lekgotla la Ditšhaba]] mme ba ne ba boetse mo mmung wa Namibia. == Tiro == === Kwa tshimologong === Tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha kwa Namibia go tswa lejwa e ne e le ya mmueledi [[Anton Lubowski]], e e neng ya khutla fa baemedi ba tlhaolele ba ne ba bolaya Lubowski mo kgorong ya gagwe ka maiteko a a sa atlegang a go senya kagiso ya [[ditlhopho tsa 1989 tse di neng di okametswe ke UN]]. Morago ga moo o ne a bereka le [[Legal Assistance Centre]] e e kgatlhegelang setšhaba go fitlha ka 1991. === Tiro mo tirelong ya setšhaba === Gawanas o tlhomilwe ke Palamente mo Khomišeneng ya Tirelosetšhaba ya [[Namibia]]. Tiro ya gagwe koo e ne e akaretsa go lekalekanya gape ka tsela e e tseneletseng tirelosetšhaba ya Namibia. Tautona [[Sam Nujoma]] o ne a tlhoma Motshereganyi wa gagwe, ka kgakololo ya Khomišene ya Ditirelo tsa Boatlhodi, ka 1996 mme o ne a direla koo, a batlisisa le go rarabolola dingongorego tsa tsamaiso e e sa siamang mo maemong otlhe, go fitlha ka 2003. Gape o ne a dira jaaka Mokwaledi Mogolo wa Mokgatlho wa Batshereganyi ba Aforika. Ka Phukwi 2003 Gawanas o ne a tlhophiwa ke Ditlhogo tsa Mafatshe a Aforika go nna Molaodi wa Merero ya Loago wa [[Khomišene ya Kopano ya Aforika]], e e kwa [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia|kwa Ethiopia]]. Mo maemong ao, o ne a batla go oketsa lenaane la dintlha tsa [[tlhabololo ya loago]] mo lenaaneng la kontinente. O ne a tlhophiwa dipaka tse pedi, ka 2003 le 2008, mme morago ga go wetsa paka ya gagwe ya bobedi ka Phalane 2012, o ne a boela kwa Namibia kwa a neng a nna Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng wa Tona ya Botsogo le Ditirelo tsa Loago.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bience Philomina Gawanas » High-Level Task Force for the International Conference on Population and Development (Secretariat) |url=https://icpdtaskforce.org/member/bience-philomina-gawanas/ |access-date=2017-09-08 |website=icpdtaskforce.org |language=en}}</ref> Mo godimo ga tiro ya gagwe ya puso, Gawanas o ne a direla mo Setlhopheng sa Tiro sa Maemo a a kwa Godimo sa [[Khonferense ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Baagi le Tlhabololo]] – e e neng e le modulasetilo mmogo, ene le [[Joaquim Chissano]] le [[Tarja Halonen]] – go tloga ka 2012 go fitlha ka 2014. Gape o ne a le karolo ya Setlhopha sa Tiro sa Lefatshe Lotlhe sa [[UNAIDS]] sa go Tokafatsa Kgokaganyo ya Ditheo tsa Boditšhabatšhaba tsa AIDS; Setlhopha sa Tiro sa go Oketsa Thuto le Katiso ya Badiri ba Botsogo; Khomišene ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya HIV le Molao; Khomišene ya Boikarabelo le Tshedimosetso ka ga Boitekanelo jwa Basadi le Bana; Komiti e e Tsamaisang ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Phitlhelelo ya Botlhe; Khomišene ya Boikarabelo le Tshedimosetso ka ga Boitekanelo jwa Basadi le Bana; le ''[[Lancet]]'' - Khomišene ya [[Yunibesithi ya Oslo]] ya Puso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Boitekanelo.<ref>[https://www.icpdtaskforce.org/task-force-members/ Maloko] High-Level Task Force for the International Conference on Population and Development.</ref> === Tiro kwa Lekgotleng la Ditshaba === Ka Firikgong 2018 Gawanas o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng wa Aforika wa [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|Lekgotla la Ditšhaba]] ke Mokwaledimogolo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|wa UN]] [[António Guterres]]. O diretse mo maemong a [[ka fa tlase ga Mokwaledi-Mogolo]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Secretary-General Appoints Bience Gawanas of Namibia Special Adviser on Africa|publisher=[[United Nations]]|date=15 January 2018|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sga1782.doc.htm}}</ref> === Yunibesithi ya Warwick === Ka Phalane 2024, Gawanas o ne a tlhomiwa go nna chancellor wa [[Yunibesiti ya Warwick]] kwa [[United Kingdom|United Kingdom (UK)]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthys |first=Donald |date=2024-10-15 |title=Namibian lawyer Gawanas appointed as chancellor of UK university |url=https://www.namibian.com.na/namibian-lawyer-gawanas-appointed-as-chancellor-of-uk-university/ |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=The Namibian |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ditiro tse dingwe == * [[Letlole la Lefatshe Lotlhe la go Lwantsha AIDS, Bolwetse jwa Kgotlholo e tona le Malaria]], Mothusamodulasetilo wa Boto (e sa le ka 2023)<ref>[https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/2023/2023-04-21-global-fund-selects-roslyn-morauta-as-board-chair-and-bience-gawanas-as-vice-chair/ Global Fund Selects Roslyn Morauta as Board Chair and Bience Gawanas as Vice-Chair] [[:en:The_Global_Fund_to_Fight_AIDS,_Tuberculosis_and_Malaria|Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria]], press release of 21 April 2023.</ref> * [[Banka ya Lefatshe]] / [[WHO Global Preparedness Monitoring Board]] (GPMB), Leloko (e sale ka 2022)<ref>[https://www.gpmb.org/news/news/item/30-09-2022-global-preparedness-monitoring-board-announces-new-board-membership-bringing-diverse-expertise-to-independent-monitoring Global Preparedness Monitoring Board Announces New Board Membership, Bringing Diverse Expertise to Independent Monitoring] [[:en:World_Bank|World Bank]]/[[:en:WHO_Global_Preparedness_Monitoring_Board|WHO Global Preparedness Monitoring Board]] (GPMB), press release of 30 September 2022.</ref> * [[International Planned Parenthood Federation]] (IPPF), Leloko la Boto ya Batlhokomedi (e sa le ka 2020) * [[Sekolo sa Kgwebo sa Henley]], Leloko la Boto ya Togamaano<ref>[https://www.henley.ac.uk/about/organisation/board Strategy Board] [[:en:Henley_Business_School|Henley Business School]].</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Gawanas ke rakgadi wa lepolotiki [[Sade Gawanas]].<ref name="queen">{{Cite news|title=Ex-beauty queen seeks parly seat|last=Lunyangwe|first=Strauss|newspaper=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]|date=1 November 2019|url=https://neweralive.na/posts/ex-beauty-queen-seeks-parly-seat}}</ref> == Dietsele == Yunibesithi ya Kapa Bophirima e ne ya mo fa sekgele sa [[Ngaka ya Legum]] ''[[honoris causa]]'' kwa moletlong wa bone wa kalogo wa Lwetse 2012.<ref name="doctorate"/> Lefatshe la gagwe le ne la mo tlotla ka [[Most Brilliant Order of the Sun]], sa maemo a ntlha, ka ntlha ya tirelo ya gagwe e e tlhomologileng e e dirilweng kwa godimo ga tiro ya gagwe, ka sekgele seno ka Phatwe 2024 ke Tautona [[Nangolo Mbumba]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Mbumba confers national honours {{!}} nbc |url=https://www.nbcnews.na/node/107062 |access-date=2024-08-25 |website=www.nbcnews.na}}</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] i9wi7v6fxpivk919z14s21xqbj1mai8 52053 52051 2026-07-07T10:18:49Z KatieKea 10150 ke tsentse infobox 52053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Bience Philomina Gawanas|office=[[Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations]]|image=Bience Gawanas (2021) 5-31 screenshot.jpg|caption=Gawanas in 2021|party=[[SWAPO]]|birth_date=1956|birth_place=[[Namibia]]}} '''Bience Philomina Gawanas''' (yo o tsholetsweng ka 1956 ) ke [[mmueledi wa Mo-Namibia]] yo o kileng a dira jaaka [[Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng]] wa Aforika wa [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|Lekgotla la Ditšhaba]] go simolola ka 2018 go ya go 2020. Ke Chancellor wa [[Yunibesiti ya Warwick]], e a ''tseneng kwa'' go yone kwa Borithane.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-14 |title=University of Warwick appoints former Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations Advocate Bience Gawanas as new Chancellor |url=https://warwick.ac.uk/newsandevents/pressreleases/?newsItem=8ac672c69288fa6001928b934be61d7b |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=News & Events |language=en-GB}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2002 go fitlha ka 2012 Gawanas o dirile jaaka [[Molaodi wa Merero ya Loago]] kwa [[Kokoanong ya Ditlhogo tsa Mafatshe le Dipuso tsa Kopano ya Aforika]]. O ne a le Molaodi mo Khomišeneng ya Tirelosetšhaba kwa Namibia go tloga ka 1991 go ya go 1996, le [[motshereganyi]] mo [[Pusong ya Namibia]] go tloga ka 1996 go ya go 2003. O ne a dira jaaka motlhatlheledi wa Molao wa Bong kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Namibia]], Mokaedi wa Boto ya [[banka e kgolo]] ya [[Bank of Namibia]] (banka e kgolo ya lefatshe leo). O ne a nna le seabe mo [[mekgatlhong e le mentsi e e seng ya puso]] go akaretsa le Mokwaledi-Mogolo wa [[Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Basadi wa Namibia]] le motshegetsi wa [[Mokgatlho wa Batho ba ba Nang le Bogole wa Namibia]]. Jaaka Modulasetilo wa [[Khomišene ya Phetolo le Tlhabololo ya Molao]], o ne a okametse go fetisiwa ga Molao wa Tekatekano ya Batho ba ba Nyalaneng. Khomišene e ne gape ya dira tiro e ntsi ka ga Melao ya Petelelo le melao e mengwe e e botlhokwa e e neng ya feleletsa e fetisitswe morago ga nako ya gagwe. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Bience ke morwadia Philemon Gawanab le Hilde Rheiss.<ref name="man">{{Cite news|url=http://namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=38622|last1=Gawanab|first1=Lucky|last2=Minney|first2=Tom|title=Philemon Gawanab, Khomas man|newspaper=[[The Namibian]]|date=12 October 2007|access-date=13 November 2015}}</ref> O tsene sekolo se segolwane kwa sekolong sa Roma sa St Theresa kwa [[Tses]], kwa [[Kgaolong ya ǁKaras]], kwa lefelong le ka nako eo e neng e le [[Aforika Borwa Bophirima]], ka nako ya fa sekolo seno se ne se simolola go nna le sepolotiki thata.<ref>Williams, Christian A. (2004). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4133908 "Student Political Consciousness: Lessons from a Namibian Mission School"]. ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''30''' (3): 539–557. ISSN&#x20;0305-7070.</ref> Go tswa kwa Tses o ne a ya kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Kapa Bophirima]] (UWC) kwa [[Cape Town]], [[Aforika Borwa]], go ya go ithutela molao; Batshegetsi ba Roma ba ne ba mo thusa go emelana le kgatelelo ya badiredibagolo [[Tlhaolele|ba tlhaolele]] gore a fetole tiro ya gagwe go tswa mo go tsa molao go ya kwa booking. O ne a lelekwa kwa UWC morago ga [[dikhuduego tsa kwa Soweto]] ka 1976.<ref name="doctorate">{{Cite news|url=http://www.newera.com.na/articles/47907/Adv-Gawanas-honoured-with-Doctorate-in-Cape-Town|title=Adv Gawanas honoured with Doctorate in Cape Town|last1=Kambaekwa|first1=Carlos|date=24 September 2012|newspaper=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]|access-date=24 June 2026|archivedate=27 September 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927081540/http://www.newera.com.na/articles/47907/Adv-Gawanas-honoured-with-Doctorate-in-Cape-Town}} [[Category:CS1: unfit URL]]</ref> Fa a sena go lelekwa o ne a boela kwa Namibia, a nna leloko la [[SWAPO Youth League]], mme a bereka e le morutabana. Morago ga moo o ne a ya lejwa mme a nna kwa [[Zambia]], [[Angola]] le [[Cuba]]. Ka 1981 [[Mokgatlho wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Badiri]] o ne wa mo tshegetsa ka madi gore a nne moithuti kwa ntlokgolong ya bone mme morago ga moo a ya kwa thutong [[ya molao wa badiri]]. O ne a fudugela kwa United Kingdom go ya go dira digerata ya gagwe ya molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Warwick]], e e neng e tshegediwa ka madi ke Letlole la Thuto la Aforika. O ne a aloga ka 1987 mme a tshwanelega go [[nna mmueledi]] kwa [[Lincoln's Inn]], kwa Lontone mo ngwageng o o latelang.<ref name="doctorate"/> Namibia e ne [[Ntwa ya molelwane wa Aforika Borwa|e gapilwe ke Aforika Borwa e se ka fa molaong]] go fitlha ka 1990. "Fa ke ne ke swetsa go ithutela molao, motlhatlhobi wa dikolo tsa basweu o ne a mpolelela gore jaaka ngwana yo montsho botlhale jwa me bo ne bo le kwa tlase ga jwa ngwana wa mosweu le gore gongwe molao o ne o sa direlwa nna," o ne a raya mongwe yo o neng a mo botsolotsa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=5611|title=Lawyer signals ascent of Africa's modernisers|work=The Namibian|access-date=2017-09-08|language=en}}</ref> "Gompieno ke mmueledi mme ke supile gore botlhale ga bo amane ka gope le mmala wa motho." Kgatlhego ya ga Gawanas mo molaong e ne ya tsoga morago ga gore morwarraagwe yo mogolo yo o rategang Jeka a tsewe ke basweu mme a itewa go fitlha a swa fa a ne a tsamaya ka dikoloi, mme mapodisi a swetsa gore ke "kotsi ya tsela".<ref name="man"/> Katiso ya gagwe e e mosola e ne e akaretsa go dira le Lord [[Tony Gifford]] mo dikgetseng tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho tse di jaaka boikuelo jwa "[[Birmingham Six]]" jwa batho ba go neng go twe ba thuntshitse dibomo ba moragonyana ba neng ba gololwa mo molatong. Mo nakong yotlhe ya go ya lejwa ga gagwe, Gawanas o ne a tswelela ka letsholo la gore Namibia e gololesege go tswa mo pusong ya Aforika Borwa. Ka 1988 o ne a ya kwa Zambia go etela morwadie mme a tshwarwa ke [[SWAPO]], e leng mokgatlho o a neng a o ema nokeng mo nakong e e fetileng. Mo pakeng e telele mokgatlho o ne wa tshwara diketekete tsa batho ba Namibia jaaka karolo ya "go tshosa batsayaditlholwa". Ditatofatso tseno ga di ise di ko di supiwe le fa a [[ne a tswaletswe a le esi]] le go bogisiwa dikgwedi di le dintsi. Moragonyana Gawanas o ne a nna mongwe wa batho ba ntlha ba Namibia go boa ba tshela go tswa kwa [[Lubango dungeons|dikgolegelong tsa Lubango]], kwa Angola Borwa, ka 1989, dikgwedi di le mmalwa pele ga bagolegwa ba bangwe ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba sa ntse ba tshela ba gololwa. Ka July 1989, ene le morwadie ba ne ba busediwa kwa gae ke [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|lekgotla la Ditšhaba]] mme ba ne ba boetse mo mmung wa Namibia. == Tiro == === Kwa tshimologong === Tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha kwa Namibia go tswa lejwa e ne e le ya mmueledi [[Anton Lubowski]], e e neng ya khutla fa baemedi ba tlhaolele ba ne ba bolaya Lubowski mo kgorong ya gagwe ka maiteko a a sa atlegang a go senya kagiso ya [[ditlhopho tsa 1989 tse di neng di okametswe ke UN]]. Morago ga moo o ne a bereka le [[Legal Assistance Centre]] e e kgatlhegelang setšhaba go fitlha ka 1991. === Tiro mo tirelong ya setšhaba === Gawanas o tlhomilwe ke Palamente mo Khomišeneng ya Tirelosetšhaba ya [[Namibia]]. Tiro ya gagwe koo e ne e akaretsa go lekalekanya gape ka tsela e e tseneletseng tirelosetšhaba ya Namibia. Tautona [[Sam Nujoma]] o ne a tlhoma Motshereganyi wa gagwe, ka kgakololo ya Khomišene ya Ditirelo tsa Boatlhodi, ka 1996 mme o ne a direla koo, a batlisisa le go rarabolola dingongorego tsa tsamaiso e e sa siamang mo maemong otlhe, go fitlha ka 2003. Gape o ne a dira jaaka Mokwaledi Mogolo wa Mokgatlho wa Batshereganyi ba Aforika. Ka Phukwi 2003 Gawanas o ne a tlhophiwa ke Ditlhogo tsa Mafatshe a Aforika go nna Molaodi wa Merero ya Loago wa [[Khomišene ya Kopano ya Aforika]], e e kwa [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia|kwa Ethiopia]]. Mo maemong ao, o ne a batla go oketsa lenaane la dintlha tsa [[tlhabololo ya loago]] mo lenaaneng la kontinente. O ne a tlhophiwa dipaka tse pedi, ka 2003 le 2008, mme morago ga go wetsa paka ya gagwe ya bobedi ka Phalane 2012, o ne a boela kwa Namibia kwa a neng a nna Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng wa Tona ya Botsogo le Ditirelo tsa Loago.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bience Philomina Gawanas » High-Level Task Force for the International Conference on Population and Development (Secretariat) |url=https://icpdtaskforce.org/member/bience-philomina-gawanas/ |access-date=2017-09-08 |website=icpdtaskforce.org |language=en}}</ref> Mo godimo ga tiro ya gagwe ya puso, Gawanas o ne a direla mo Setlhopheng sa Tiro sa Maemo a a kwa Godimo sa [[Khonferense ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Baagi le Tlhabololo]] – e e neng e le modulasetilo mmogo, ene le [[Joaquim Chissano]] le [[Tarja Halonen]] – go tloga ka 2012 go fitlha ka 2014. Gape o ne a le karolo ya Setlhopha sa Tiro sa Lefatshe Lotlhe sa [[UNAIDS]] sa go Tokafatsa Kgokaganyo ya Ditheo tsa Boditšhabatšhaba tsa AIDS; Setlhopha sa Tiro sa go Oketsa Thuto le Katiso ya Badiri ba Botsogo; Khomišene ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya HIV le Molao; Khomišene ya Boikarabelo le Tshedimosetso ka ga Boitekanelo jwa Basadi le Bana; Komiti e e Tsamaisang ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Phitlhelelo ya Botlhe; Khomišene ya Boikarabelo le Tshedimosetso ka ga Boitekanelo jwa Basadi le Bana; le ''[[Lancet]]'' - Khomišene ya [[Yunibesithi ya Oslo]] ya Puso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Boitekanelo.<ref>[https://www.icpdtaskforce.org/task-force-members/ Maloko] High-Level Task Force for the International Conference on Population and Development.</ref> === Tiro kwa Lekgotleng la Ditshaba === Ka Firikgong 2018 Gawanas o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng wa Aforika wa [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|Lekgotla la Ditšhaba]] ke Mokwaledimogolo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|wa UN]] [[António Guterres]]. O diretse mo maemong a [[ka fa tlase ga Mokwaledi-Mogolo]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Secretary-General Appoints Bience Gawanas of Namibia Special Adviser on Africa|publisher=[[United Nations]]|date=15 January 2018|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sga1782.doc.htm}}</ref> === Yunibesithi ya Warwick === Ka Phalane 2024, Gawanas o ne a tlhomiwa go nna chancellor wa [[Yunibesiti ya Warwick]] kwa [[United Kingdom|United Kingdom (UK)]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Matthys |first=Donald |date=2024-10-15 |title=Namibian lawyer Gawanas appointed as chancellor of UK university |url=https://www.namibian.com.na/namibian-lawyer-gawanas-appointed-as-chancellor-of-uk-university/ |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=The Namibian |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ditiro tse dingwe == * [[Letlole la Lefatshe Lotlhe la go Lwantsha AIDS, Bolwetse jwa Kgotlholo e tona le Malaria]], Mothusamodulasetilo wa Boto (e sa le ka 2023)<ref>[https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/2023/2023-04-21-global-fund-selects-roslyn-morauta-as-board-chair-and-bience-gawanas-as-vice-chair/ Global Fund Selects Roslyn Morauta as Board Chair and Bience Gawanas as Vice-Chair] [[:en:The_Global_Fund_to_Fight_AIDS,_Tuberculosis_and_Malaria|Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria]], press release of 21 April 2023.</ref> * [[Banka ya Lefatshe]] / [[WHO Global Preparedness Monitoring Board]] (GPMB), Leloko (e sale ka 2022)<ref>[https://www.gpmb.org/news/news/item/30-09-2022-global-preparedness-monitoring-board-announces-new-board-membership-bringing-diverse-expertise-to-independent-monitoring Global Preparedness Monitoring Board Announces New Board Membership, Bringing Diverse Expertise to Independent Monitoring] [[:en:World_Bank|World Bank]]/[[:en:WHO_Global_Preparedness_Monitoring_Board|WHO Global Preparedness Monitoring Board]] (GPMB), press release of 30 September 2022.</ref> * [[International Planned Parenthood Federation]] (IPPF), Leloko la Boto ya Batlhokomedi (e sa le ka 2020) * [[Sekolo sa Kgwebo sa Henley]], Leloko la Boto ya Togamaano<ref>[https://www.henley.ac.uk/about/organisation/board Strategy Board] [[:en:Henley_Business_School|Henley Business School]].</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Gawanas ke rakgadi wa lepolotiki [[Sade Gawanas]].<ref name="queen">{{Cite news|title=Ex-beauty queen seeks parly seat|last=Lunyangwe|first=Strauss|newspaper=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]|date=1 November 2019|url=https://neweralive.na/posts/ex-beauty-queen-seeks-parly-seat}}</ref> == Dietsele == Yunibesithi ya Kapa Bophirima e ne ya mo fa sekgele sa [[Ngaka ya Legum]] ''[[honoris causa]]'' kwa moletlong wa bone wa kalogo wa Lwetse 2012.<ref name="doctorate"/> Lefatshe la gagwe le ne la mo tlotla ka [[Most Brilliant Order of the Sun]], sa maemo a ntlha, ka ntlha ya tirelo ya gagwe e e tlhomologileng e e dirilweng kwa godimo ga tiro ya gagwe, ka sekgele seno ka Phatwe 2024 ke Tautona [[Nangolo Mbumba]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Mbumba confers national honours {{!}} nbc |url=https://www.nbcnews.na/node/107062 |access-date=2024-08-25 |website=www.nbcnews.na}}</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] beb8pz156pmgd01zdvzmunvz1idh6ky 0 14114 52036 51642 2026-07-07T04:16:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52036 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mosele wa Metsi wa Noka ya Nairobi''' ke tsela ya mo toropong e e tsamaisang metsi, e e amanang le [[:en:Basin_irrigation|Mokgatšha]] wa [[:en:Nairobi_River|Noka ya Nairobi]] mo [[:en:Nairobi_County|Kgaolong ya Nairobi]], [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Proxi: Interactive Maps, Challenges & Guides |url=https://map.proxi.co/#discover-details?topic_id=67b2fca8e96bca22c026e2cd |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=map.proxi.co}}</ref> Ke karolo ya mafaratlhatlha a magolo a [[:en:Drainage|go ntsha metsi]] le [[:en:Flood_management|go laola merwalela]] mo [[:en:Nairobi_metropolitan_area|toropongkgolo ya Nairobi.]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programmes (NABREP) {{!}} Nairobi Rivers Commission |url=https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=www.nrc.go.ke |archive-date=2026-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260629214929/https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''Jeokerafi''' Tsela eno ya go ntsha metsi e amanngwa le Mokgatšha wa Noka ya Nairobi, o o akaretsang dinoka tsa Nairobi, [[:en:Ngong|Ngong]] le [[:en:Mathare|Mathare]] le dinokana tsa tsone.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2026-03-01 |title=The Nairobi River: A Dying Waterway and a Failing System - The Africa Feature Network |url=https://africafeaturenetwork.com/the-nairobi-river-a-dying-waterway-and-a-failing-system |access-date=2026-06-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Mokgatšha ono o anametse go ralala dikgaolo di le mmalwa mme o elela go ya mo tsamaisong ya [[:en:Athi_River_(town)|Noka ya Athi.]]<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> '''Seabe mo go ntsheng metsi mo toropong''' Tsela ya Noka ya Nairobi ke karolo ya botlhokwa ya tsamaiso ya Nairobi ya go laola le go tsamaisa metsi a dipula.<ref name=":2">Reporter, B. T. (2026-05-18). [https://businesstoday.co.ke/inside-nairobis-multi-billion-plan-to-save-its-dying-river/ "Inside Nairobi's Multi-Billion Plan to Save Its Dying River".] Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref> Go gola ga [[:en:Urbanization|toropo ka bofefo]], g[[:en:Encroachment|o aga mo mabopong]] [[:en:Riparian_areas|a dinoka]], [[:en:Pollution|kgotlelo ya metsi]] le go kokoana ga [[:en:Waste|matlakala]] a a thata tsotlhe di fokoditse bokgoni jwa go ntsha metsi mme tsa oketsa kotsi ya merwalela mo mokgatšheng oo.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260620152425/https://www.nrc.go.ke/drainage-and-hydrology "Drainage and hydrology | Nairobi Rivers Commission".] ''www.nrc.go.ke''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Lenaneo la Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programme (NaBREP) ke porojeke e e kopanyang mekgatlho e e farologaneng, e e laolwang ke Nairobi Rivers Commission, go tsosolosa le go tlhokomela dinoka tsa mokgatšha ono le mafaratlhatlha a tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260629214929/https://www.nrc.go.ke/nairobi-rivers-basin-regeneration-programmes-nabrep "Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programmes (NABREP) | Nairobi Rivers Commission".] ''www.nrc.go.ke''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref><ref>[https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=675&q=Nairobi+Rivers+Basin+Regeneration+Programme&cvid=bdbd1c96691c43fe995155b78e97cc0d&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQABhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQABhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQNIBCDM3NzRqMGo3qAIIsAIB&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=U531 "Nairobi Rivers Basin Regeneration Programme".] ''Bing''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref> Lenaneo le akaretsa go baakanya ditsela tsa dinoka, go nonotsha mabopo a dinoka, go tokafatsa ditsamaiso tsa go ntsha metsi le go dira diphetogo tse di amanang le phallo ya metsi.<ref>Ogoti, Sharon (2024-03-08). [https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/888e824fdad045a9ac35d1d978fa41a3 "Connecting the City and its People with Rivers in Nairobi".] ''ArcGIS StoryMaps''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref><ref>[https://mapafrica.afdb.org/ "MapAfrica".] ''mapafrica.afdb.org''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref> '''Taolo''' Khomishene ya Dinoka tsa Nairobi e ne ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 2022 go gokaganya tiro ya go tsosolosa, go sireletsa le go busetsa Mokgatšha wa Noka ya Nairobi le mafaratlhatlha a one mo maemong a a siameng.<ref>[https://www.nrc.go.ke/our-mandate "Our Mandate | Nairobi Rivers Commission".] ''www.nrc.go.ke''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260620155904/https://www.nrc.go.ke/our-background "Our Background | Nairobi Rivers Commission"]. ''www.nrc.go.ke''. Retrieved 2026-06-20.</ref> '''Bona gape''' -[[:en:Nairobi_River|Noka ya Nairobi]] [[:en:Athi_River_(town)|-Noka ya Athi]] rpi917si7kyzx6o7ikifsazi4avxl5h 0 14291 52032 52027 2026-07-07T02:03:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52032 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:James Peace in the park in Wiesbaden.jpg|thumb|313x313px|James Peace mo phakeng ya Wiesbaden]] '''Kenneth James Peace''' o tsholetswe kwa Paisley, ka Lwetse 28, 1963. Ke motlhami wa mmino wa Scotland, moletsi wa piano wa dikhonsarata le motaki wa ditshwantsho. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == James Peace o tsholetswe kwa Paisley, kwa Scotland, ka 28 Lwetse, 1963. O ne a nna bontsi jwa nako ya gagwe ya bongwana kwa Helensburgh, e leng lefelo la boikhutso le le fa thoko ga lewatle kwa bophirima jwa Scotland.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527164145/http://www.wiesbadener-tagblatt.de/region/wiesbaden/meldungen/10206548.htm Birgitta Lamparth. "Keine ‘stacheligen’ Klänge", Wiesbadener Tagblatt (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane), Ḽa 10 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2011]</ref><ref name=":1">Julia Anderton. "Tango wie eine süß-saure Geschichte". Wiesbadener Kurier (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane). Ḽa 24 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2012</ref><ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240523121450/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-entrevista-al-compositor-james-peace/ Soledad Carrizo-Araya. "Una entrevista al compositor James Peace". Hoja de Ruta Digital. Nyendavhusiku 2022]</ref> Baelapa la gagwe ba ne ba na le batsweretshi ba le bantsi (ka sekai John McGhie), mme gape o losika le Felix Burns, motlhami yo o tumileng wa mmino wa go tantshe mo halofong ya ntlha ya Lekgolo la^bo-20 la dingwaga.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sabine Klein. "Meine Musik ist wie ich - sehr romantisch". Frankfurter Rundschau (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane), 1992, khandiso ya 254, siaṱari 2</ref> O ne a rutwa go tshameka piano go tloga a le dingwaga di le robedi mme tiragatso ya gagwe ya ntlha phatlalatsa e ne ya diragala fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bonè, a diragatsa mmino wa ga Scott Joplin.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a le dingwaga di le lesomethataro o ne a amogelwa kwa sekolong sa Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama (se jaanong se bidiwang: Royal Conservatoire of Scotland) e le moithuti yo mmotlana go gaisa baithuti ba nako e e tletseng botlhe ba ba kileng ba nna gone.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">G. Müller. "Die Seele des Klaviers tanzt Tango". Kulturspiegel Wetterau (imagazini e-Germany). Ḽa 17 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2001, siaṱar 5</ref> Ka 1983 o ne a aloga kwa Yunibesithing ya Glasgow ka dikirii ya BA ya go ruta piano. Ngwaga o o latelang o ne a amogela dipoloma ya mmino morago ga go tshameka Konsarata ya Piano No.1 ya ga Mendelssohn le setlhopha sa mmino sa RSAMD.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Fa a sena go tlogela dithuto tsa semmuso o ne a batliwa thata jaaka moletsi wa piano mme o ne a nna kwa Edinburgh ka 1988-1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">"James Peace". ''FRIZZ'' (Magazini wa Dzheremane). Phando 2001, ​​siaṱari 5</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Tango Milonga op. 26.wav|thumb|Tango Milonga op. 26]] [[Setshwantsho:Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano).wav|thumb|Tango XVIII ka James Peace (James Peace, piano)]] James Peace o ne a nna kwa Bad Nauheim, kwa Jeremane go tloga ka 1991-2009.<ref>Manfred Merz. "Virtuose, gefühlsbetonte Welt der Romantik", Wetterauer Zeitung (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane). Ḽa 12 Khubvumedzi, 1992, siaṱari 19</ref><ref>"James Peace". The Tango Times (Magazini wa ngei New York). ​​Nomboro ya khandiso: 2002/2003 (39). siaṱari 1 - 5</ref> Go tloga ka 1998 o ne a ithutela tango, a tlhagisa CD ya ''Scottish Tango'' ya ditlhamo tsa gagwe tsa piano tse di tlhotlheleditsweng ke tango, mme ka 2002 o ne a nna leloko le le tlotlegang la Kholetšhe ya Mmino ya Victoria.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":6">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44NLS_ALMA21615957400004341&context=L&vid=44NLS_VU1&lang=en_US&search_scope=SCOPE1&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,Tango%20escoc%C3%A9s&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Tango escocés'']</ref><ref name=":7">[https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano Philharmonie de Paris. ''Tango escocés'']</ref><ref name=":8">[https://www.muziekweb.nl/Link/KHX3103/Tango-escoc%C3%A9s de bibliotheek. ''Tango escocés''] </ref><ref name=":9">"James Peace". La Cadena (Magazini wa Ludatshi). Khubvumedzi 2002, siaṱari 26</ref> Mo go one ngwaga oo o ne a ya kwa maetong a dikhonsarata a le esi kwa bokone jwa Jeremane ka Lwetse/Diphalane le kwa Botlhaba jo bo Kgakala ka Ngwanatsele, a dira tiragatso ya gagwe ya ntlha ya ''Tango XVII'' kwa [[Hong Kong]].<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /><ref>''TangoTang'', Hong Kong (香港). Gurannḓa ya mafhungo, Ḽa 8 Tshimedzi, 2002</ref><ref>"James Peace". 南華早報 (Gurannḓa ya Hong Kong). Ḽa 9 Tshimedzi, 2002</ref> Mo dingwageng tse di latelang o ne a diragatsa thata kwa [[Yuropa]]. O kile a diragatsa di-tango tsa gagwe kwa ditoropongkgolo tse di latelang: Amsterdam, Athens,<ref>Tshibugwana tsha mbekanyamushumo ya khontsathi ''{Για σένα Αγγελική}''. Athene, ḽa 27 Lambamai, 2016</ref> Berlin,<ref>Tangodanza (Magazini wa Dzheremane). Nomboro ya khandiso: 1/2002 - 9</ref> Brussels, Helsinki,<ref>Phosiṱara ya u phaḓaladza (lwendo lwa khontsathi lwa Finland, 2014)</ref> Lisbon,<ref name=":2" /><ref>Phosiṱara ya u phaḓaladza (lwendo lwa khontsathi lwa Portugal, 2016)</ref> London, [[Madrid]],<ref name=":2" /><ref>Phosiṱara ya u phaḓaladza (lwendo lwa khontsathi lwa Spain: ''¡Feliz Cincuenta Cumpleaños - 2013!'')</ref> Oslo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241208042729/https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt Listen.no. James Peace (flygel). Munch Museet. Oslo. Ḽa 16 Tshimedzi, 2004]</ref> Reykjavík<ref>[https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/823608/ Ríkarður Ö. Pálsson. "Skozkir Slaghörputangoár". Morgunblaðið (gurannḓa ya ngei Iceland). Ḽa Tshimedzi 14 , 2004]</ref> le Vienna.<ref>Tshibugwana tsha mbekanyamushumo ya khontsathi (Vienna). Ḽa 23 Phando, 2005</ref> [[Setshwantsho:James Peace - Idylls Op.4b.webm|center|thumb|330x330px|James Peace - Idylls Op.4b]] Ka 2008 o ne a nna leloko le le tlotlegang la Kholetšhe ya Mmino ya London e le go mo lebogela ditirelo tsa gagwe mo tango.<ref name=":10">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=44NLS_VU1&tab=default_tab&docid=44NLS_ALMA21438757900004341&lang=en_US&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,K.%20James%20Peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":11">[https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D1022200380 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":12">[https://whittakerlive.blogspot.com/2012/05/new-dvd-interview-with-wiesbaden.html Whittaker Live. "Wiesbadener Highlander K. James Peace - New DVD"]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Cover page, Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (study score).png|thumb|319x319px|Tsebe ya khabara, Pina e e sa Khutleng Op.32 ka James Peace (maduo a thuto)]] Morago ga nako e khutshwane kwa Edinburgh o ne a boela kwa Jeremane ka Tlhakole 2010 go ya go nna kwa Wiesbaden.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Seno se ne sa dira gore a tlhotlheletsege go tlhama dilo tse disha mme a dira difilimi tse dikhutshwane tsa ditlhamo dingwe tsa gagwe. Filimi ya dokumentari ya '' K. James Peace kwa Wiesbaden'' ke nngwe ya ditiro tsa gagwe mo mofuteng ono.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /> == Mekgele le Diawate == ●     Sekgele sa Ntlha, ''Agnes Millar Prize''. Glasgow, 1983<ref name=":4" /> ●      Sekgele sa Ntlha, ''Dunbartonshire EIS Prize''. Glasgow, 1984<ref name=":4" /> ●      Sekgele sa Ntlha, ''Sibelius Essay Prize''. Glasgow, 1985<ref name=":4" /> ●     Dipoloma ya Tlotlo, ''TIM International Composition Competition''. Rome, 2000<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ●      Dipoloma ya Tlotlo, ''IBLA Foundation''. New York, 2002<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> [[Setshwantsho:Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (bars 602 - 606).pdf|thumb|294x294px|Pina e e sa khutleng Op.32 ka James Kagiso (dibara 602 - 606)]] ●     Mentlele ya Segopotso, ''International Piano Duo Association''. Tokyo, 2002<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |title=International Piano Duo Association (東京), Tokyo. Mutevhe wa vhawini vha pfufho nga 2002 |access-date=2026-07-04 |archive-date=2020-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527164059/http://www.ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ●     Mmentlele wa Gauta, ''Académie Internationale de Lutèce''. Paris, 2008<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Ditlhamokgolo == ●     Lephothophoto (The Waterfall)<ref>Hessisches Staatstheater. Tshibugwana tsha khontsathi nga dzi 12 na dzi 19 dza Khubvumedzi, 2021</ref> ●     Idylls ●     Pina a a Monate ya mo Mosong (Aubade)<ref>University of Adelaide Music Library (Barr Smith Library). Aubade no. 1 for cor anglais and string orchestra</ref> ●      Dikeledi ka Tidimalo (Lento Lacrimoso) ●     Matlhare a a Lebetsweng (Forgotten Leaves)<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=forgotten%20leaves%20op%2012%20for%20cello%20and%20orchestra&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082963650109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Forgotten Leaves : op. 12, for cello and orchestra]</ref> ●     Oboe Sonata<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Sonata%20for%20oboe%20and%20piano%20op.16&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969210109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Oboe sonata, op. 16]</ref> ●     Ballad<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Ballade%20op.18&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082963220109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Ballade no.1 : in c major : op.18.]</ref> ●     Mogwanto wa Mokete (Ceremonial March) no.1<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=ceremonial%20march%20no%201%20for%20organ%20and%20orchestra%20op%2019&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969030109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Ceremonial march no.1: for organ and orchestra : op. 19]</ref> ●      Mogwanto wa Mokete (Ceremonial March) no.2<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=ceremonial%20march%20no%202%20for%20orchestra%20op%2023&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082968580109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Ceremonial march no.2 : for orchestra : op. 23]</ref> ●     Gouta ya Letlhafula (Autumn Gold)<ref>"Violine schwebt über das Orchester". Schwäbische Post (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane). Ḽa 4 Fulwi, 1998</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb17035044k <nowiki>National Library of France. [Autumn gold. Op. 25b]. Arr. pour violon et piano</nowiki>]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Autumn%20gold%20op.25&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082968420109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Autumn gold : for clarinet and string orchestra : op. 25]</ref> ●     Pina ya Bosakhutleng (Eternal Song)<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Eternal%20Song%20op.32&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990133856020109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Eternal Song : for soprano and orchestra : op.32]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9935400923804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Eternal Song Op.32, Peace, K. James'']</ref> ●     "Ya Georgia" (puo ya Segeorgia: საქართველოსთვის) ●     Ditango di le 24<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2013&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082974750109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op. 13]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2017&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969810109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op.17]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2029&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969820109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op.29]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2033&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969300109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op.33]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941548033804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&tab=MainCatalogue&query=any,contains,Tango%20for%20piano,%20K.%20James%20Peace&offset=0 National Library of Scotland. Tangos for piano op.17, Peace, K. James]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941547953804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. Tangos for piano op.33, Peace, K. James]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=K.%20James%20Peace&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082968570109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Souvenir de Buenos Aires : arr. for string orchestra]</ref><ref>[https://www.britishviolasociety.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Latest-news-from-the-British-Viola-Society.-August-2023-compressed.pdf British Viola Society Newsletter, Thangule, 2023] </ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240522135254/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-corta-historia-del-tango/ Hoja de Ruta Digital, México. "Una corta historia del tango". Ḽa 22 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2022]</ref> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSX1c8EUukg&list=RDsSX1c8EUukg&start_radio=1 Souvenir de Buenos Aires - youtube]'' ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcMRNnwNJhk&list=RDZcMRNnwNJhk&start_radio=1 Lento Lacrimoso - youtube]'' ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VKxG2dmQn4&list=RD_VKxG2dmQn4&start_radio=1 Autumn Gold - youtube]'' == Dirferense == 7pz0c8onwffd6l5nuti54bywcntzhjg 52042 52032 2026-07-07T08:43:42Z Mainglück 12585 Added category: Batho ba ba tshelang 52042 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:James Peace in the park in Wiesbaden.jpg|thumb|313x313px|James Peace mo phakeng ya Wiesbaden]] '''Kenneth James Peace''' o tsholetswe kwa Paisley, ka Lwetse 28, 1963. Ke motlhami wa mmino wa Scotland, moletsi wa piano wa dikhonsarata le motaki wa ditshwantsho. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == James Peace o tsholetswe kwa Paisley, kwa Scotland, ka 28 Lwetse, 1963. O ne a nna bontsi jwa nako ya gagwe ya bongwana kwa Helensburgh, e leng lefelo la boikhutso le le fa thoko ga lewatle kwa bophirima jwa Scotland.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527164145/http://www.wiesbadener-tagblatt.de/region/wiesbaden/meldungen/10206548.htm Birgitta Lamparth. "Keine ‘stacheligen’ Klänge", Wiesbadener Tagblatt (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane), Ḽa 10 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2011]</ref><ref name=":1">Julia Anderton. "Tango wie eine süß-saure Geschichte". Wiesbadener Kurier (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane). Ḽa 24 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2012</ref><ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240523121450/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-entrevista-al-compositor-james-peace/ Soledad Carrizo-Araya. "Una entrevista al compositor James Peace". Hoja de Ruta Digital. Nyendavhusiku 2022]</ref> Baelapa la gagwe ba ne ba na le batsweretshi ba le bantsi (ka sekai John McGhie), mme gape o losika le Felix Burns, motlhami yo o tumileng wa mmino wa go tantshe mo halofong ya ntlha ya Lekgolo la^bo-20 la dingwaga.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sabine Klein. "Meine Musik ist wie ich - sehr romantisch". Frankfurter Rundschau (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane), 1992, khandiso ya 254, siaṱari 2</ref> O ne a rutwa go tshameka piano go tloga a le dingwaga di le robedi mme tiragatso ya gagwe ya ntlha phatlalatsa e ne ya diragala fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bonè, a diragatsa mmino wa ga Scott Joplin.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a le dingwaga di le lesomethataro o ne a amogelwa kwa sekolong sa Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama (se jaanong se bidiwang: Royal Conservatoire of Scotland) e le moithuti yo mmotlana go gaisa baithuti ba nako e e tletseng botlhe ba ba kileng ba nna gone.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">G. Müller. "Die Seele des Klaviers tanzt Tango". Kulturspiegel Wetterau (imagazini e-Germany). Ḽa 17 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2001, siaṱar 5</ref> Ka 1983 o ne a aloga kwa Yunibesithing ya Glasgow ka dikirii ya BA ya go ruta piano. Ngwaga o o latelang o ne a amogela dipoloma ya mmino morago ga go tshameka Konsarata ya Piano No.1 ya ga Mendelssohn le setlhopha sa mmino sa RSAMD.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Fa a sena go tlogela dithuto tsa semmuso o ne a batliwa thata jaaka moletsi wa piano mme o ne a nna kwa Edinburgh ka 1988-1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">"James Peace". ''FRIZZ'' (Magazini wa Dzheremane). Phando 2001, ​​siaṱari 5</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Tango Milonga op. 26.wav|thumb|Tango Milonga op. 26]] [[Setshwantsho:Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano).wav|thumb|Tango XVIII ka James Peace (James Peace, piano)]] James Peace o ne a nna kwa Bad Nauheim, kwa Jeremane go tloga ka 1991-2009.<ref>Manfred Merz. "Virtuose, gefühlsbetonte Welt der Romantik", Wetterauer Zeitung (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane). Ḽa 12 Khubvumedzi, 1992, siaṱari 19</ref><ref>"James Peace". The Tango Times (Magazini wa ngei New York). ​​Nomboro ya khandiso: 2002/2003 (39). siaṱari 1 - 5</ref> Go tloga ka 1998 o ne a ithutela tango, a tlhagisa CD ya ''Scottish Tango'' ya ditlhamo tsa gagwe tsa piano tse di tlhotlheleditsweng ke tango, mme ka 2002 o ne a nna leloko le le tlotlegang la Kholetšhe ya Mmino ya Victoria.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":6">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44NLS_ALMA21615957400004341&context=L&vid=44NLS_VU1&lang=en_US&search_scope=SCOPE1&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,Tango%20escoc%C3%A9s&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Tango escocés'']</ref><ref name=":7">[https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano Philharmonie de Paris. ''Tango escocés'']</ref><ref name=":8">[https://www.muziekweb.nl/Link/KHX3103/Tango-escoc%C3%A9s de bibliotheek. ''Tango escocés''] </ref><ref name=":9">"James Peace". La Cadena (Magazini wa Ludatshi). Khubvumedzi 2002, siaṱari 26</ref> Mo go one ngwaga oo o ne a ya kwa maetong a dikhonsarata a le esi kwa bokone jwa Jeremane ka Lwetse/Diphalane le kwa Botlhaba jo bo Kgakala ka Ngwanatsele, a dira tiragatso ya gagwe ya ntlha ya ''Tango XVII'' kwa [[Hong Kong]].<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /><ref>''TangoTang'', Hong Kong (香港). Gurannḓa ya mafhungo, Ḽa 8 Tshimedzi, 2002</ref><ref>"James Peace". 南華早報 (Gurannḓa ya Hong Kong). Ḽa 9 Tshimedzi, 2002</ref> Mo dingwageng tse di latelang o ne a diragatsa thata kwa [[Yuropa]]. O kile a diragatsa di-tango tsa gagwe kwa ditoropongkgolo tse di latelang: Amsterdam, Athens,<ref>Tshibugwana tsha mbekanyamushumo ya khontsathi ''{Για σένα Αγγελική}''. Athene, ḽa 27 Lambamai, 2016</ref> Berlin,<ref>Tangodanza (Magazini wa Dzheremane). Nomboro ya khandiso: 1/2002 - 9</ref> Brussels, Helsinki,<ref>Phosiṱara ya u phaḓaladza (lwendo lwa khontsathi lwa Finland, 2014)</ref> Lisbon,<ref name=":2" /><ref>Phosiṱara ya u phaḓaladza (lwendo lwa khontsathi lwa Portugal, 2016)</ref> London, [[Madrid]],<ref name=":2" /><ref>Phosiṱara ya u phaḓaladza (lwendo lwa khontsathi lwa Spain: ''¡Feliz Cincuenta Cumpleaños - 2013!'')</ref> Oslo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241208042729/https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt Listen.no. James Peace (flygel). Munch Museet. Oslo. Ḽa 16 Tshimedzi, 2004]</ref> Reykjavík<ref>[https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/823608/ Ríkarður Ö. Pálsson. "Skozkir Slaghörputangoár". Morgunblaðið (gurannḓa ya ngei Iceland). Ḽa Tshimedzi 14 , 2004]</ref> le Vienna.<ref>Tshibugwana tsha mbekanyamushumo ya khontsathi (Vienna). Ḽa 23 Phando, 2005</ref> [[Setshwantsho:James Peace - Idylls Op.4b.webm|center|thumb|330x330px|James Peace - Idylls Op.4b]] Ka 2008 o ne a nna leloko le le tlotlegang la Kholetšhe ya Mmino ya London e le go mo lebogela ditirelo tsa gagwe mo tango.<ref name=":10">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=44NLS_VU1&tab=default_tab&docid=44NLS_ALMA21438757900004341&lang=en_US&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,K.%20James%20Peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":11">[https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D1022200380 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":12">[https://whittakerlive.blogspot.com/2012/05/new-dvd-interview-with-wiesbaden.html Whittaker Live. "Wiesbadener Highlander K. James Peace - New DVD"]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Cover page, Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (study score).png|thumb|319x319px|Tsebe ya khabara, Pina e e sa Khutleng Op.32 ka James Peace (maduo a thuto)]] Morago ga nako e khutshwane kwa Edinburgh o ne a boela kwa Jeremane ka Tlhakole 2010 go ya go nna kwa Wiesbaden.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Seno se ne sa dira gore a tlhotlheletsege go tlhama dilo tse disha mme a dira difilimi tse dikhutshwane tsa ditlhamo dingwe tsa gagwe. Filimi ya dokumentari ya '' K. James Peace kwa Wiesbaden'' ke nngwe ya ditiro tsa gagwe mo mofuteng ono.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /> == Mekgele le Diawate == ●     Sekgele sa Ntlha, ''Agnes Millar Prize''. Glasgow, 1983<ref name=":4" /> ●      Sekgele sa Ntlha, ''Dunbartonshire EIS Prize''. Glasgow, 1984<ref name=":4" /> ●      Sekgele sa Ntlha, ''Sibelius Essay Prize''. Glasgow, 1985<ref name=":4" /> ●     Dipoloma ya Tlotlo, ''TIM International Composition Competition''. Rome, 2000<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ●      Dipoloma ya Tlotlo, ''IBLA Foundation''. New York, 2002<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> [[Setshwantsho:Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (bars 602 - 606).pdf|thumb|294x294px|Pina e e sa khutleng Op.32 ka James Kagiso (dibara 602 - 606)]] ●     Mentlele ya Segopotso, ''International Piano Duo Association''. Tokyo, 2002<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |title=International Piano Duo Association (東京), Tokyo. Mutevhe wa vhawini vha pfufho nga 2002 |access-date=2026-07-04 |archive-date=2020-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527164059/http://www.ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ●     Mmentlele wa Gauta, ''Académie Internationale de Lutèce''. Paris, 2008<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Ditlhamokgolo == ●     Lephothophoto (The Waterfall)<ref>Hessisches Staatstheater. Tshibugwana tsha khontsathi nga dzi 12 na dzi 19 dza Khubvumedzi, 2021</ref> ●     Idylls ●     Pina a a Monate ya mo Mosong (Aubade)<ref>University of Adelaide Music Library (Barr Smith Library). Aubade no. 1 for cor anglais and string orchestra</ref> ●      Dikeledi ka Tidimalo (Lento Lacrimoso) ●     Matlhare a a Lebetsweng (Forgotten Leaves)<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=forgotten%20leaves%20op%2012%20for%20cello%20and%20orchestra&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082963650109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Forgotten Leaves : op. 12, for cello and orchestra]</ref> ●     Oboe Sonata<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Sonata%20for%20oboe%20and%20piano%20op.16&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969210109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Oboe sonata, op. 16]</ref> ●     Ballad<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Ballade%20op.18&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082963220109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Ballade no.1 : in c major : op.18.]</ref> ●     Mogwanto wa Mokete (Ceremonial March) no.1<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=ceremonial%20march%20no%201%20for%20organ%20and%20orchestra%20op%2019&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969030109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Ceremonial march no.1: for organ and orchestra : op. 19]</ref> ●      Mogwanto wa Mokete (Ceremonial March) no.2<ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=ceremonial%20march%20no%202%20for%20orchestra%20op%2023&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082968580109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Ceremonial march no.2 : for orchestra : op. 23]</ref> ●     Gouta ya Letlhafula (Autumn Gold)<ref>"Violine schwebt über das Orchester". Schwäbische Post (Gurannḓa ya Dzheremane). Ḽa 4 Fulwi, 1998</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb17035044k <nowiki>National Library of France. [Autumn gold. Op. 25b]. Arr. pour violon et piano</nowiki>]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Autumn%20gold%20op.25&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082968420109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Autumn gold : for clarinet and string orchestra : op. 25]</ref> ●     Pina ya Bosakhutleng (Eternal Song)<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=Eternal%20Song%20op.32&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990133856020109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Eternal Song : for soprano and orchestra : op.32]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9935400923804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Eternal Song Op.32, Peace, K. James'']</ref> ●     "Ya Georgia" (puo ya Segeorgia: საქართველოსთვის) ●     Ditango di le 24<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2013&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082974750109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op. 13]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2017&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969810109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op.17]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2029&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969820109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op.29]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=tangos%20for%20piano%20op%2033&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082969300109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Tangos for piano op.33]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941548033804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&tab=MainCatalogue&query=any,contains,Tango%20for%20piano,%20K.%20James%20Peace&offset=0 National Library of Scotland. Tangos for piano op.17, Peace, K. James]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941547953804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. Tangos for piano op.33, Peace, K. James]</ref><ref>[https://catalogue.bl.uk/nde/fulldisplay?query=K.%20James%20Peace&tab=Everything&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=44BL_MAIN:BLL01_NDE&lang=en&docid=alma990082968570109251&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&context=L&isFrbr=false&isHighlightedRecord=false&state= British Library. Souvenir de Buenos Aires : arr. for string orchestra]</ref><ref>[https://www.britishviolasociety.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Latest-news-from-the-British-Viola-Society.-August-2023-compressed.pdf British Viola Society Newsletter, Thangule, 2023] </ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240522135254/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-corta-historia-del-tango/ Hoja de Ruta Digital, México. "Una corta historia del tango". Ḽa 22 Ṱhafamuhwe, 2022]</ref> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSX1c8EUukg&list=RDsSX1c8EUukg&start_radio=1 Souvenir de Buenos Aires - youtube]'' ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcMRNnwNJhk&list=RDZcMRNnwNJhk&start_radio=1 Lento Lacrimoso - youtube]'' ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VKxG2dmQn4&list=RD_VKxG2dmQn4&start_radio=1 Autumn Gold - youtube]'' == Dirferense == <references /> [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] qcveefgg48t2xgqj57obx6prdfey9u5 0 14292 52029 2026-07-06T12:13:37Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya ga Doo Alphane 52029 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Doo Aphane''' ke mmueledi wa moSwati le molwela ditshwanelo tsa bomme. O berekile le makgotla a mantsi a ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa basadi. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, lesome le bobedi o ne a atlega mo go fetoleng molao wa Swaziland go letlelela bomme ba ba nyetsweng go nna le ditsha mo maineng a bone. == Tiro == Doo Aphane o na le thuto ya molao, ebile o bereka e le mmueledi, a itsebagantse thata le molao wa bong. O tlhamile lekgotla la bomme ba ba tlhabololang bomme, ke ene mookamedi wa lekgotla leo, gape o tlhamile kokelo ya molao ya khansele ya dikereke tsa Swaziland. Aphane o dira dipatlisiso tsa molao, gape ke mokwadi wa dipampiri tsa thuto di le mmalwa. E ne e le morulaganyi wa ntlha wa bomme le molao kwa Swaziland wa ditshwanelo tsa setho kwa borwa jwa Aforika, gape e le morulaganyi wa kgaolo wa mafatshe a borwa jwa Afroika a le marataro a ditshwanelo tsa semolao tsa bomme. Aphane e ne e le mothusa modulasetilo wa lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la letlole la bomme gape e le leloko la komiti ya bogakolodi jwa setegeniki mo bolwetseng jwa HIV/AIDS ya lekgotla la SADC go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa go tsena wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi. E ne e le leloko la lekgotla la mafaratlhatlha a makgarejwana a Swaziland, lekgotla la tshedimosetso le kemo nokeng mo go tsa AIDS gompieno ke ntse ke leloko la lekgotla la African Feminist Forum.<ref>[http://www.the-isla.org/doo-aphane/ "Doo Aphane]". Initiative for Strategic Legislation in Africa. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> Aphane o ne a tsibosa puso ya Swailand gore mogwanto o o sterengs ebaka wa barutabana wa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi o ama thuto ya bana le gore go tlhoka go ya sekolong ga bone go ba baya mo diphatseng tsa go thubediwa le go dirisa dinotagi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120803022043/http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/27426 "Strike by Teachers does not necessarily mean political liberation for Swaziland – There is need for a regime change agenda"]. ''Newstime Africa''. 1 August 2012. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi gape o ne a fenya tsheko kwa kgotlatshekelong e tona ya Swaziland a lwela gore bomme ba ba nyetsweng ba tshwanetse go nna le dithoto tsa bone di le mo maineng a bone kgtsa ba di tlhakanetse le banna ba bone; molao o o ne wa fetolwa morago ga tsheko e.<ref>[https://www.escr-net.org/caselaw/2017/attorney-general-v-mary-joyce-doo-aphane-2010-szsc-32/ "Swaziland Supreme Court advances women's property rights".] ESCR-Net. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref><ref>"[https://www.ipsnews.net/2010/03/rights-swaziland-property-rights-at-last-for-women/ RIGHTS-SWAZILAND: Property Rights At Last for Women | Inter Press Service".] ''IPS News''. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == irmon08ymmvb6fayb56t9pfgszhwwo7 52031 52029 2026-07-07T01:00:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 52031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Doo Aphane''' ke mmueledi wa moSwati le molwela ditshwanelo tsa bomme. O berekile le makgotla a mantsi a ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa basadi. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, lesome le bobedi o ne a atlega mo go fetoleng molao wa Swaziland go letlelela bomme ba ba nyetsweng go nna le ditsha mo maineng a bone. == Tiro == Doo Aphane o na le thuto ya molao, ebile o bereka e le mmueledi, a itsebagantse thata le molao wa bong. O tlhamile lekgotla la bomme ba ba tlhabololang bomme, ke ene mookamedi wa lekgotla leo, gape o tlhamile kokelo ya molao ya khansele ya dikereke tsa Swaziland. Aphane o dira dipatlisiso tsa molao, gape ke mokwadi wa dipampiri tsa thuto di le mmalwa. E ne e le morulaganyi wa ntlha wa bomme le molao kwa Swaziland wa ditshwanelo tsa setho kwa borwa jwa Aforika, gape e le morulaganyi wa kgaolo wa mafatshe a borwa jwa Afroika a le marataro a ditshwanelo tsa semolao tsa bomme. Aphane e ne e le mothusa modulasetilo wa lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la letlole la bomme gape e le leloko la komiti ya bogakolodi jwa setegeniki mo bolwetseng jwa HIV/AIDS ya lekgotla la SADC go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa go tsena wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi. E ne e le leloko la lekgotla la mafaratlhatlha a makgarejwana a Swaziland, lekgotla la tshedimosetso le kemo nokeng mo go tsa AIDS gompieno ke ntse ke leloko la lekgotla la African Feminist Forum.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191027064711/http://www.the-isla.org/doo-aphane/ "Doo Aphane]". Initiative for Strategic Legislation in Africa. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> Aphane o ne a tsibosa puso ya Swailand gore mogwanto o o sterengs ebaka wa barutabana wa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi o ama thuto ya bana le gore go tlhoka go ya sekolong ga bone go ba baya mo diphatseng tsa go thubediwa le go dirisa dinotagi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120803022043/http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/27426 "Strike by Teachers does not necessarily mean political liberation for Swaziland – There is need for a regime change agenda"]. ''Newstime Africa''. 1 August 2012. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi gape o ne a fenya tsheko kwa kgotlatshekelong e tona ya Swaziland a lwela gore bomme ba ba nyetsweng ba tshwanetse go nna le dithoto tsa bone di le mo maineng a bone kgtsa ba di tlhakanetse le banna ba bone; molao o o ne wa fetolwa morago ga tsheko e.<ref>[https://www.escr-net.org/caselaw/2017/attorney-general-v-mary-joyce-doo-aphane-2010-szsc-32/ "Swaziland Supreme Court advances women's property rights".] ESCR-Net. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref><ref>"[https://www.ipsnews.net/2010/03/rights-swaziland-property-rights-at-last-for-women/ RIGHTS-SWAZILAND: Property Rights At Last for Women | Inter Press Service".] ''IPS News''. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == csxifs6yvh0trgz9ge70ekwx5a0ulnl 0 14293 52041 2026-07-07T08:27:23Z Mothusi Sekhomba 9433 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362572840|Climate change]]" 52041 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi''' sa gompieno e akaretsa '''go thuthafala ga lefatshe''' —koketsego e e tswelelang pele ya mogote —le ditlamorago tsa yone tse di anameng mo seemong sa lopi. [[Karolo:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] 0u4idjli65ptvuakwm24rr9u48v4tk6 52043 52041 2026-07-07T08:44:34Z Mothusi Sekhomba 9433 Ke ranotse tsebe e. #Wikipedia25BW 52043 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi''' sa gompieno e akaretsa '''go thuthafala ga lefatshe''' —koketsego e e tswelelang pele ya [[mogote]] —le [[:en:Global_surface_temperature|ditlamorago tsa yone]] tse di anameng mo seemong sa lopi. Go tlhatloga ga dithemperetšha tsa lefatshe go bakwa ke ditiro tsa batho, segolobogolo go fisiwa ga ditukisi (magala, oli le gase ya tlholego) fa e sa le ka Phetogo e Kgolo ya Madirelo.<ref>{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: "The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced."</ref> <ref>Lynas, Mark; Houlton, Benjamin Z.; Perry, Simon (19 October 2021). [[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966|"Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature"]]. ''Environmental Research Letters''. '''16''' (11): 114005. Bibcode:2021ERL....16k4005L. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966.</ref> Tiriso ya ditukisi tsa fosili, go rengwa ga dikgwa, le mekgwa mengwe ya temothuo le madirelo e ntsha digase tse di kgotlelang. [ Digase tseno di monya mogote o o ntshiwang ke lefatshe fa le sena go thuthafadiwa ke letsatsi, mme seno se dira gore atemosefere e e kwa tlase e thuthafale. Atemosefere ya lefatshe jaanong e na le bokana ka 50% ya khabonetaeokosaete, gase e kgolo e e bakang go gotela ga lefatshe, go na le jaaka e ne e dira kwa bokhutlong jwa motlha wa pele ga madirelo, e fitlha mo maemong a a sa bonweng mo dingwageng tse di dimilione. [[Karolo:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] elewrtiti60v22zje1ug0f7p9bb4jj3 52052 52043 2026-07-07T10:17:27Z Boemo Ngwenya 12931 #Wikipedia25bw 52052 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi''' sa gompieno e akaretsa '''go thuthafala ga lefatshe''' ,koketsego e e tswelelang pele ya [[mogote]] mafatshe ka bophara le [[:en:Global_surface_temperature|ditlamorago tsa yone]] tse di anameng mo seemong sa loapi. Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi ka kakaretso e raya diphetogo tsa nako e telele mo seemong sa loapi sa lefatshe. Mo malatsing a gompieno, mogote wa lefatshe o bakwa thata ke ditiro tsa batho, segolo thata go fisa mafura a fosele jaaka malatlha, oli le gase ya tlhago fa e sale Phetogo ya Madirelo. Go dirisa mafura a fosele, go rema dikgwa le mekgwa mengwe ya temothuo le madirelo go ntsha digase tse di golang mo tikologong. Digase tse di tshwara mogote o lefatshe le o gololang fa letsatsi le sena go le thuthafatsa, o o dirang gore lefaufau le le kwa tlase le nne mogote. Lefaufau la lefatshe e e ka nnang 50% e e oketsegileng, gase e kgolo e e bakang go thuthafala ga lefatshe, go feta pele ga Phetogo ya Madirelo, e e fitlhelelang maemo a a iseng a bonwe mo dingwageng di le dimilionemilione. Phetogo ya tlelaemete e simolola go ama tikologo thata. Mogote le molelo wa naga di diragala gangwe le gape. [[Karolo:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] 0t56yfpxye1tqin4r062uqzalyhw0mm 52065 52052 2026-07-07T11:00:54Z Boemo Ngwenya 12931 #wikipedia25bw 52065 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi''' sa gompieno e akaretsa '''go thuthafala ga lefatshe''' ,koketsego e e tswelelang pele ya [[mogote]] mafatshe ka bophara le [[:en:Global_surface_temperature|ditlamorago tsa yone]] tse di anameng mo seemong sa loapi. [[:en:Climate_variability_and_change|Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi ka kakaretso]] e raya diphetogo tsa nako e telele mo seemong sa [[:en:Climate|loapi]] sa lefatshe. Mo malatsing a gompieno, mogote wa lefatshe o [[:en:Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change|bakwa thata ke ditiro tsa batho]], segolo thata go fisa mafura a fosele jaaka malatlha, leokwane le gase ya tlhago fa e sale Phetogo ya Madirelo. Go dirisa mafura a fosele, go rema dikgwa le mekgwa mengwe ya temothuo le madirelo go ntsha digase tse di golang mo tikologong. Digase tse di tshwara mogote o lefatshe le o gololang fa letsatsi le sena go le thuthafatsa, o o dirang gore lefaufau le le kwa tlase le nne mogote. Lefaufau la lefatshe le na le phefo e kgotlhelesegileng e kana ka 50% gona le pele, gase e kgolo e e bakang go thuthafala ga lefatshe, go feta pele ga Phetogo ya Madirelo, e e fitlhelelang maemo a a iseng a bonwe mo dingwageng. Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi e simolola go ama tikologo thata. Mogote le molelo wa naga di diragala gangwe le gape. [[Karolo:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] q4hqce65dkrx2gn6fdqczhif8e1g9xp 0 14294 52047 2026-07-07T09:49:48Z Boago Mmadipodi 12937 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360450690|Open access]]" 52047 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Setshwantsho:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg|class=skin-invert-image|thumb|Letshwao la phitlhelelo e e bulegileng, le le simolotsweng ke Laeborari ya Botlhe ya Saense]] hinksyezvto9sxe72xwmw8tf1nolh0w 0 14295 52049 2026-07-07T09:58:33Z Tekolopearl 12935 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308483760|Wiki Loves Folklore]]" 52049 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' ( '''WLF''' ) ke kgaisano ya ditšhabatšhaba ya ditshwantsho ya ngwaga le ngwaga e e tshwarwang ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole, e rulagantswe lefatshe ka bophara ke maloko a lephata la Wikimedia ka thuso ya badirisanyi ba Wikimedia ba dikgaolo le badiri ba Wikipedia go ralala lefatshe. Batsayakarolo ba tsaya ditshwantsho tsa setso sa kgaolo le boswa jo bo sa tshwarweng mo kgaolong ya bone, mme ba di tsenya mo Wikimedia Commons . Maikaelelo a tiragalo e ke go kwala dingwao tsa lefatshe ka bophara ele maikaelelo a go rotloetsa batho go gapa bobegakgang jwa setso sa bone , le go di baya ka fa tlase ga teseletso ya mahala gore morago ga moo di ka dirisiwa gape e seng fela mo Wikipedia mme gongwe le gongwe ke mongwe le mongwe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2020 |title=Lose yourself in Journey to Global Folklore with the winners of Wiki Loves Folklore |url=https://medium.com/creative-commons-we-like-to-share/lose-yourself-in-journey-to-global-folklore-with-the-winners-of-wiki-loves-folklore-843d6581d4d |access-date=15 February 2022 |website=Creative Commons: We Like to Share |language=en}}</ref> == Bona gape == * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki e Rata mainane mo Wikimedia Commons]] * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Results|Wiki e rata lorato bafenyi ba 2019]] * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2020/Winners|Wiki e Rata bafenyi ba Mainane Setso ba 2020]] * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2021/Winners|Wiki e Rata bafenyi ba mainane ba 2021]] == Ba tsaa karolo == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Wikipedia}} qr59eb0key1kbfpqhtq731lcc7rxwyn 0 14296 52057 2026-07-07T10:32:45Z Kenanalo Motupu 12934 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359402845|Choppies]]" 52057 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Choppies Enterprises Limited''' ke morekisi wa marekisetso a magolo [[Botswana|a Botswana]] yo o nang le ntlokgolo kwa [[Gaborone|Gaborone, Botswana]] . Morekisi kwa tshimologong o ne a rekisa fela dithoto tse di itebagantseng le dijo (dijo tse di botshelo bokhutshwane le tse di botshelo boleele) le dithoto tse dingwe tsa bareki tse di rekwang ka bonako. Ka ngwaga wa 2024, Choppies e ne e na le marekisetso a le 161 mo mafatsheng a le mane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Our footprint |url=https://choppiesgroup.com/index.php |website=choppiesgroup.com}}</ref> Choppies e ne ya nna setlamo se se kwadisitsweng mo Lenaaneng la Dithoto la Botswana ka Ferikgong 26, 2012, mme ke karolo ya Tshupane ya Dikhamphani tsa Selegae ya BSE e e nang le tlhwatlhwa e e ka nnang [[Botswana pula|P]] 2.4 bilione go tloga ka Sedimonthole 20, 2012. == Ditso == Choppies e simolotswe ka ngwaga wa 1986 ka lebenkele le le lengwe, Wayside Supermarket (Proprietary) Limited, kwa [[Lobatse]] ke ba lelwapa la ga Chopdat. Lebenkele la bobedi le ne la bulwa ka 1993. Ka 1999, komponi eno e ne e na le mabenkele a le mabedi fela. Fa e sale ka nako eo, e ne ya gola go nna moanelwa mogolo mo lekalaneng la dithoto tsa baji le bareki tse di tsamayang ka bonako (FMCG) mo Botswana. Setlhopha sa botsamaisi se akaretsa maloko a a simolotseng Rre Farouk Ismail, Mothusa modulasetulo wa ga jaana, le Rre Ramachandaran Ottapathu, Mokhuduthamaga wa ga jaana. Bobedi ke batsholadiabe ba bagolo, mongwe le mongwe wa bone o tshwere 34.2% ya diabe tsa komponi. Ka 2003, setlhopha seno se ne sa kopanya ditiro tsa sone ka fa tlase ga sebopego se le sengwe, ka gonne pele se ne se dira ka fa tlase ga maina a a farologaneng a di-franchise. Ka ntlha ya kgolo ya yona e e kwa godimo fa e sale ka 1999, go ne go na le tlhokego e e golang ya gore Choppies e kwadisiwe mo phapanyetsanong ya bosetšhaba ya diabe. Setlhopha sa botsamaisi se ne sa dumalana, mme komponi e ne ya kwadisiwa mo lenaneong la Botswana Stock Exchange ka Ferikgong 26, 2012. Grant Thornton o ne a tlhomiwa go okamela tsamaiso ya thekiso ya ntlha ya phatlalatsa, e e neng ya bona diabe di le dibilione di le 1.2 di kwadisitswe ka BWP 1.15 seabe sengwe le sengwe, mme 25% e ne e neetswe phatlalatsa. IPO e ne e le kgolo go gaisa mo ditsong tsa phapanyetsano, e kokoanya BWP dimilione di le 350 ka IPO le go bewa ikemela ka nosi, mme e ne ya kwadisiwa go feta selekanyo ka go fitlha go 400%. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Choppies shares offer 400% oversubscribed|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=91&dir=2012/January/Tuesday24|access-date=24 January 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Choppies sparkles on BSE debut|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=196&dir=2012/January/Monday30|access-date=2017-08-16}}</ref> Ka 2008, Choppies e ne ya bula lebenkele la yone la ntlha kwa [[Zeerust]], Aforika Borwa, e leng se se neng se tshwaya go atologela ga yone kwa kgaolong ya Bokone Bophirima. Setsi sa kabo sa Aforika Borwa se ile sa thongwa ko [[Rustenburg]] ka Lwetse 2012 go simolodisa mabenkele a Aforika Borwa. Ka 2014, setlhopha se ne sa tlhoma lefelo la sone la ntlha la go anamisa dithoto kwa Zimbabwe. Komponi e weditse go kwadisiwa ga yone ga bobedi mo Phapanyetsanong ya Diabe ya Johannesburg ka Motsheganong 27, 2015. Kwa bokhutlong jwa 2015 ditiro tsa Zambia di ne tsa simolola mme mo tshimologong ya 2016 go ne ga bon a go rekwa ga setlhopha sa Jwayelani kwa [[Durban]], Aforika Borwa. Go rekwa ga setlhopha sa Ulkwala ke Kenya le gone go ne ga dirwa mo tshimologong ya 2016. Jaaka karolo ya thulaganyo ya kgolo ya paka e telele setlhopha seno se ne sa bula lebenkele la sone la ntlha kwa Tanzania le kwa Mozambique ka 2017. Ka 2020, Choppies e ne ya tswala mabenkele a yone kwa Aforika Borwa, Mozambique, Kenya le Tanzania. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=History |url=https://choppiesgroup.com/history.php |website=choppiesgroup.com}}</ref> Ka 2024, Choppies e ne e na le mabenkele a le 161 mo mafatsheng a le mane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Our footprint |url=https://choppiesgroup.com/index.php |website=choppiesgroup.com}}</ref> == Ditiro == === Phatalatso le tlamelo === Mafelo a phatalatso a Choppies a dira jaaka motswedi o o botlhokwa wa mabenkeleng a Choppies. Dithoto tse di kwa godimo tse di makgolo a le mabedi tsa komponi eno di isiwa ka bontsi kwa mafelong a go anamisiwang mo go one mme morago ga moo di bo di anamisiwa go tswa foo go ya kwa mabenkeleng. Dithoto tse dingwe di tswa mo madirelong go ya mabenkeleng. Choppies e tsamaisa mafelo a mabedi a go anamisa dithoto mo Botswana; e nngwe kwa Commerce Park kwa [[Gaborone]], mme e nngwe e le kwa Lobatse. Sejanaga se sešwa sa 10 000m ² Welldone (E e nang le Mong) Limited, e leng komponi e e nang le Setlhopha sa Choppies ka botlalo, ke komponi ya dithulaganyo e e tshegetsang ditiro tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa mabenkele. == Kgalo == Choppies e ngokile go kgalwa ke setshaba mo nakong e e fetileng ka ntlha ya go sa tshwane ga dituelo. Babereki ba tshwana le ba ba tlhokomelang madi le ba ba phuthelang madi ba re ba amogela madi a a kwa tlase ga P900 ka kgwedi, fa bakhuduthamaga jaaka CEO le Mothusa Modulasetilo bone ba amogela madi a a fetang P30 000 000.00 ka ngwaga. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=169&dir=2012/January/Friday27|title=Some animals are more equal than others|work=Mmegi}}</ref> Seno se gogile kgalefo ka gonne komponi eno e na le dipoelo tse dintsi thata mo ditsong mme ga e duele badiri ba ba nang le bokgoni jo bo kwa tlase ka dipeelano tse ba di tsayang di siametse maiteko a bone. == Bona gape == * [[Sefalana]] * Dijo tsa Sekwere * Kgwebo ya lebenkele (morekisi) * Ditšheke (ketane ya mabenkele a magolo) * Lenaane la diketane tsa marekisetso a magolo mo Botswana <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|colwidth=40em}} * [https://choppiesgroup.com/ Webosaete ya Semmuso] * [https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/CHOPPIES:BG/ Tshedimosetso ya Mmaraka wa Bloomberg] [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 360ew8xcqbqjfl30ya0kah6qswku8to 52058 52057 2026-07-07T10:33:08Z Quinlan83 8576 Fix 52058 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Choppies Enterprises Limited''' ke morekisi wa marekisetso a magolo [[Botswana|a Botswana]] yo o nang le ntlokgolo kwa [[Gaborone|Gaborone, Botswana]] . Morekisi kwa tshimologong o ne a rekisa fela dithoto tse di itebagantseng le dijo (dijo tse di botshelo bokhutshwane le tse di botshelo boleele) le dithoto tse dingwe tsa bareki tse di rekwang ka bonako. Ka ngwaga wa 2024, Choppies e ne e na le marekisetso a le 161 mo mafatsheng a le mane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Our footprint |url=https://choppiesgroup.com/index.php |website=choppiesgroup.com}}</ref> Choppies e ne ya nna setlamo se se kwadisitsweng mo Lenaaneng la Dithoto la Botswana ka Ferikgong 26, 2012, mme ke karolo ya Tshupane ya Dikhamphani tsa Selegae ya BSE e e nang le tlhwatlhwa e e ka nnang [[Botswana pula|P]] 2.4 bilione go tloga ka Sedimonthole 20, 2012. == Ditso == Choppies e simolotswe ka ngwaga wa 1986 ka lebenkele le le lengwe, Wayside Supermarket (Proprietary) Limited, kwa [[Lobatse]] ke ba lelwapa la ga Chopdat. Lebenkele la bobedi le ne la bulwa ka 1993. Ka 1999, komponi eno e ne e na le mabenkele a le mabedi fela. Fa e sale ka nako eo, e ne ya gola go nna moanelwa mogolo mo lekalaneng la dithoto tsa baji le bareki tse di tsamayang ka bonako (FMCG) mo Botswana. Setlhopha sa botsamaisi se akaretsa maloko a a simolotseng Rre Farouk Ismail, Mothusa modulasetulo wa ga jaana, le Rre Ramachandaran Ottapathu, Mokhuduthamaga wa ga jaana. Bobedi ke batsholadiabe ba bagolo, mongwe le mongwe wa bone o tshwere 34.2% ya diabe tsa komponi. Ka 2003, setlhopha seno se ne sa kopanya ditiro tsa sone ka fa tlase ga sebopego se le sengwe, ka gonne pele se ne se dira ka fa tlase ga maina a a farologaneng a di-franchise. Ka ntlha ya kgolo ya yona e e kwa godimo fa e sale ka 1999, go ne go na le tlhokego e e golang ya gore Choppies e kwadisiwe mo phapanyetsanong ya bosetšhaba ya diabe. Setlhopha sa botsamaisi se ne sa dumalana, mme komponi e ne ya kwadisiwa mo lenaneong la Botswana Stock Exchange ka Ferikgong 26, 2012. Grant Thornton o ne a tlhomiwa go okamela tsamaiso ya thekiso ya ntlha ya phatlalatsa, e e neng ya bona diabe di le dibilione di le 1.2 di kwadisitswe ka BWP 1.15 seabe sengwe le sengwe, mme 25% e ne e neetswe phatlalatsa. IPO e ne e le kgolo go gaisa mo ditsong tsa phapanyetsano, e kokoanya BWP dimilione di le 350 ka IPO le go bewa ikemela ka nosi, mme e ne ya kwadisiwa go feta selekanyo ka go fitlha go 400%. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Choppies shares offer 400% oversubscribed|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=91&dir=2012/January/Tuesday24|access-date=24 January 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Choppies sparkles on BSE debut|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=196&dir=2012/January/Monday30|access-date=2017-08-16}}</ref> Ka 2008, Choppies e ne ya bula lebenkele la yone la ntlha kwa [[Zeerust]], Aforika Borwa, e leng se se neng se tshwaya go atologela ga yone kwa kgaolong ya Bokone Bophirima. Setsi sa kabo sa Aforika Borwa se ile sa thongwa ko [[Rustenburg]] ka Lwetse 2012 go simolodisa mabenkele a Aforika Borwa. Ka 2014, setlhopha se ne sa tlhoma lefelo la sone la ntlha la go anamisa dithoto kwa Zimbabwe. Komponi e weditse go kwadisiwa ga yone ga bobedi mo Phapanyetsanong ya Diabe ya Johannesburg ka Motsheganong 27, 2015. Kwa bokhutlong jwa 2015 ditiro tsa Zambia di ne tsa simolola mme mo tshimologong ya 2016 go ne ga bon a go rekwa ga setlhopha sa Jwayelani kwa [[Durban]], Aforika Borwa. Go rekwa ga setlhopha sa Ulkwala ke Kenya le gone go ne ga dirwa mo tshimologong ya 2016. Jaaka karolo ya thulaganyo ya kgolo ya paka e telele setlhopha seno se ne sa bula lebenkele la sone la ntlha kwa Tanzania le kwa Mozambique ka 2017. Ka 2020, Choppies e ne ya tswala mabenkele a yone kwa Aforika Borwa, Mozambique, Kenya le Tanzania. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=History |url=https://choppiesgroup.com/history.php |website=choppiesgroup.com}}</ref> Ka 2024, Choppies e ne e na le mabenkele a le 161 mo mafatsheng a le mane. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Our footprint |url=https://choppiesgroup.com/index.php |website=choppiesgroup.com}}</ref> == Ditiro == === Phatalatso le tlamelo === Mafelo a phatalatso a Choppies a dira jaaka motswedi o o botlhokwa wa mabenkeleng a Choppies. Dithoto tse di kwa godimo tse di makgolo a le mabedi tsa komponi eno di isiwa ka bontsi kwa mafelong a go anamisiwang mo go one mme morago ga moo di bo di anamisiwa go tswa foo go ya kwa mabenkeleng. Dithoto tse dingwe di tswa mo madirelong go ya mabenkeleng. Choppies e tsamaisa mafelo a mabedi a go anamisa dithoto mo Botswana; e nngwe kwa Commerce Park kwa [[Gaborone]], mme e nngwe e le kwa Lobatse. Sejanaga se sešwa sa 10 000m ² Welldone (E e nang le Mong) Limited, e leng komponi e e nang le Setlhopha sa Choppies ka botlalo, ke komponi ya dithulaganyo e e tshegetsang ditiro tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa mabenkele. == Kgalo == Choppies e ngokile go kgalwa ke setshaba mo nakong e e fetileng ka ntlha ya go sa tshwane ga dituelo. Babereki ba tshwana le ba ba tlhokomelang madi le ba ba phuthelang madi ba re ba amogela madi a a kwa tlase ga P900 ka kgwedi, fa bakhuduthamaga jaaka CEO le Mothusa Modulasetilo bone ba amogela madi a a fetang P30 000 000.00 ka ngwaga. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=169&dir=2012/January/Friday27|title=Some animals are more equal than others|work=Mmegi}}</ref> Seno se gogile kgalefo ka gonne komponi eno e na le dipoelo tse dintsi thata mo ditsong mme ga e duele badiri ba ba nang le bokgoni jo bo kwa tlase ka dipeelano tse ba di tsayang di siametse maiteko a bone. == Bona gape == * [[Sefalana]] * Dijo tsa Sekwere * Kgwebo ya lebenkele (morekisi) * Ditšheke (ketane ya mabenkele a magolo) * Lenaane la diketane tsa marekisetso a magolo mo Botswana <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|colwidth=40em}} * [https://choppiesgroup.com/ Webosaete ya Semmuso] * [https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/CHOPPIES:BG/ Tshedimosetso ya Mmaraka wa Bloomberg] [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] dqoydh9iaieia0kml4ekjc8eteytey8 0 14297 52061 2026-07-07T10:51:44Z Bridget Gaboalaswe 12938 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE E 52061 wikitext text/x-wiki Black Lions ke mokgatlho wa kgwele ya dinao o o kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. Setlhopha se se tshameka mo [[kopanelo ya maemo a kwa godimo a kgwele]] ya [[Botswana]]. == Ditso == Mokgatlho o, o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa 2024, o bo o kwadisiwa semmuso ka 2025 go tshameka mo karolong ya bobedi. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba ile ba reka maemo a VTM FC mo kopanelo ya maemo a kwa godimo a kgwele ya Botswana mme ba tshameka mo go yone e le ya setlha sa 2025-2026. Mokatisi wa pele wa setlhopha sa bagaka sa [[Orlando Pirates F.C.|Orland Pirates]], Owen da Gama, o ba katisistse mo pakeng ya bone ya ntlha mo dikgaisanong tsa maemo go fitlhelela a tsamaa ka Sedimonthole ka 2025. Ba ne ba simolola ka go fenngwa gararo ka tlhomagano pele ba ka bona kgolo ba pagamela mo moalong wa kgaisano. Ka Lwetse 2005, mokgatlho o, o koleketse sekolo se segolwane sa Boitekanelo didirisiwa tsa madi a lekanang le dikete tse di lesome tsa dipula (P10 000). == Metswedi == gloyq72b7l4ulglboxs1q4wdp7tdd55 52068 52061 2026-07-07T11:43:31Z Bridget Gaboalaswe 12938 #Wikipedia25BW ke tsentse metswedi ya kitso 52068 wikitext text/x-wiki Black Lions ke mokgatlho wa kgwele ya dinao o o kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. Setlhopha se se tshameka mo [[kopanelo ya maemo a kwa godimo a kgwele]] ya [[Botswana]]. == Ditso == Mokgatlho o, o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa 2024, o bo o kwadisiwa semmuso ka 2025 go tshameka mo karolong ya bobedi. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba ile ba reka maemo a VTM FC mo kopanelo ya maemo a kwa godimo a kgwele ya Botswana mme ba tshameka mo go yone e le ya setlha sa 2025-2026. Mokatisi wa pele wa setlhopha sa bagaka sa [[Orlando Pirates F.C.|Orland Pirates]], [[Owen da Gama]], o ba katisistse mo pakeng ya bone ya ntlha mo dikgaisanong tsa maemo<ref>"Botswana: Owen da Gama lowers Black Lions FC's expectations". 28 August 2025. Retrived 27 November 2025.</ref> <ref>Dube, Mqondisi (22 August 2025). "Will the Lions roar in an unforgiving jungle?". ''Mmegi Online.'' Retrieved 27 November 2025.</ref>go fitlhelela a tsamaa ka Sedimonthole ka 2025.<ref>Dube, Mthokozisi (3 December 2025). "Owen Da Gama parts ways with Botswana's Black Lions". ''Farpost''. Retrieved 3 December 2025.</ref> Ba ne ba simolola ka go fenngwa gararo ka tlhomagano pele ba ka bona kgolo ba pagamela mo moalong wa kgaisano.<ref>Boranabi, Kabelo (7 November 2025). "Lions roar towards respectable position". ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 27 November 2025</ref> Ka Lwetse 2005, mokgatlho o, o koleketse sekolo se segolwane sa Boitekanelo didirisiwa tsa madi a lekanang le dikete tse di lesome tsa dipula (P10 000).<ref>Malabe, Chawada (15 Septemeber 2025). "Black Lions FC Donates » TheVoiceBW". ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 27 November 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == 9rrnlp8pksnp05sqbp9ikevi16tr59y 0 14298 52062 2026-07-07T10:56:45Z Atsile Edith 11759 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362379552|Woolworths (South Africa)]]" 52062 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Woolworths''' ( semmuso '''Woolworths Holdings Limited''', mme ka puo ya tlwaelo e itsege jaaka '''Woolies''' ) ke kompone ya thekiso ya Aforikaborwa e e dirang mo dinageng di le dintsi , e e naleng ntlokgolo ya yone kwa [[Cape Town]] . E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1931, kompone e ke ya [[Department store|mabentlele a magolo a dikarolo tse di farologaneng]] a manobonobo a Aforikaborwa le [[Grocery chain|ketane ya dilwana tsa mo gae ya]] Woolworths, morekisi wa Australia wa [[:en:Country_Road_Group|Country Road]], le ketane ya [[Pet store|mabentlele a magolo go gaisa otlhe a diruiwa tsa]] mo gae mo Aforikaborwa, [[Absolute Pets|e leng Absolute Pets]] . <ref name="In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast">{{Cite web |last=Moneyweb |date=30 September 2025 |title=In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast |url=https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ |access-date=5 October 2025 |publisher=Moneyweb}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2025, setlhopha seno se thapa batho ba ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo le bobedi. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2024 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/whlfy24.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Karolo ya Aforika Borwa ya Woolworths e akaretsa kgwebo ya [[Luxury goods|dithoto tsa manobonobo]], go akaretsa le mokgwa wa diaparo, dithoto tsa mo gae, le didirisiwa tsa bontle. Mabenkele a a ikemetseng a dijo le "mafelo a go emela go reka dijo" tse di gokeletsweng mo mafelong a thekiso ya lookwane tsa [[Engen]] di mo mafelong a toropokgolo go ralala Aforika Borwa. Karolo e kgolo ya setlhopha, Woolworths Financial Services (WFS), e fa bareki dikarata tsa mabentlele, dikarata tsa sekoloto, dikadimo tse di dikologang le tshoreletso ya diruiwa tsa mo gae. Mo ngwageng wa yona wa matlole wa 2024, WFS e ne e na le karolo ya bone ya lotseno lwa Woolworths. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2025, Woolworths e na le palogotlhe ya mafelo a le sekete le makgolo a matlhano le masome a le borobabone le bongwe . Kompone e tsamaisa mabentlele a dijo a le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro le borataro le mabentlele a magolo a le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano mo Aforika Borwa, mmogo le palogotlhe ya mabentlele a le masome a borobabongwe le bosupa mo mabentleleng a yone [[Engen|a Engen]] le mabentlele a le masome a brobabongwe le boraro go ralala Aforika yotlhe. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Kompone gape e tsamaisa mabentlele a [[Absolute Pets]] a le lekgolo le masome a borobabobedi le mabentlele a Country Road a makgolo a thataro le masome a mararo (nasome a borobabobedi le borobabobedi a mo Aforika Borwa, mme a setseng a le ko Australasia). Ka kakaretso, go tloga ka ngwaga wa yone wa madi wa 2025, Woolworths e na le lefelo la kgwebisano le le akaretsang selekanyo sa boleele jwa dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete di le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi (dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete dile sekete di le borobarobedi le makgolo a borobabongwe le masome a marataro). . <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf "Annual Financial Statements, 2025"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Woolworths Holdings. September 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> Karolo ya masome a le borobabobedi le borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya mabentlele a Woolworths a mo Aforika, mme karolo ya lesome le bongwe le bongwe mo lekgolong e e setseng e kwa Australia. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf "Integrated Annual Report, 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Woolworths Holdings<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Woolworths gape e na le WCafe, e leng ketane ya mabentlele a kofi a ka nna makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi a di farologaneng ka bogolo  – go tswa mo mafelong a bojelo a a nang le tirelo e e tletseng, a go nniwang fa fatshe, go ya kwa dibareng tsa kofi tse di nang le lefelo la go duela tsa tsone tse di kopantsweng mo mabentleleng a Woolworths, go ya kwa mafelong a mannye [[Barista|a modiri wa kofi]] kwa ntle ga mabentlele a a rileng a dijo. Mabentlele a a kofi gape a thusa go tsamaisa ditaelo tsa dijo tsa borotho. WCafe ke letshwao le le itsegeng thata mo teng ga lefelo la kgwebo la matlo a kofi a Aforika Borwa mme le gareng ga tse di nang le palo e e kwa godimo ya mabentlele. <ref name="WCafe">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=WCafe |url=https://www.woolworths.co.za/cat/_/N-pjgm5f |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Woolworths}}</ref> <ref name="New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town">{{Cite web |last=Leigh Champanis-King |date=20 August 2024 |title=New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town |url=https://www.eatout.co.za/article/new-wcafe-opens-palmyra-junction-cape-town/ |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Eat Out}}</ref> == Ditaragalo tsa bogologolo == [[File:Woolworths_first_store_in_The_Royal_Hotel,_Plein_Street.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la ntlha la Woolworths, mo lefelong la bojelo le le maphatsiphatsi la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya The Royal, kwa motseng wa Cape Town]] E tlhomilwe ke [[Max Sonnenberg]], Woolworths e ne ya bula dikgoro tsa yone la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1931 mo Mmileng wa Plein, [[Cape Town|motse wa Cape Town]], mo lefelong la bojelo la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya Royal e e sa tswang go tswalwa. Katlego ya yone ya ntlha e ne ya dira gore go bulwe mabentlele a mangwe a mabedi mo kgaolong ya Cape. <ref name="News24History">{{Cite news|title=6 great South African businesses older than the rand|url=https://www.news24.com/brandstory/partner-content/6-great-south-african-businesses-older-than-the-rand-20210217|date=17 February 2021|access-date=10 January 2026}}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga bonala sentle gore kgwebo e ntšha eno e na le bokgoni jwa go atologa mo nageng yotlhe, le fa kwa tshimologong go tlhoka madi go ne go kgoreletsa tsholofelo eno. Tsala ya ga Sonnenberg, Elie Susman, o ne a tlamela ka matlole a a tlhokegang go atolosa go tsena mo [[Transvaal|kgaolo ya Transvaal]] mme morago ga moo a nna molekane wa gagwe wa kgwebo. <ref name="BusinessTechSusman">{{Cite web |title=From a 1930s dining hall to one of the biggest household names in South Africa |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/791272/from-a-1930s-dining-hall-to-one-of-the-biggest-household-names-in-south-africa/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=BusinessTech}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Florist_and_Fresh_Produce_Sections_of_the_Woolworths_Food_Emporium_in_Durbanville,_Cape_Town.jpg|thumb|Dikarolo tsa barekisi ba dithunya le dijo tsa dijalo tse di itekanetseng tsa Lefelo la Dijo la Woolworths la Durbanville]] Tlhopho ya leina e simolotse mo botsalanong jwa ga Sonnenberg le moromedi wa Lontone le mothusi wa matlole, Percy (P.R.) Lewis. Lewis e ne e le mokaedi wa Mabentlele a Diketane a kwa Australasia (ACS), e leng ntlo ya dikepe le ya madi kwa Lontone e e neng ya tlhongwa go direla kgwebo ya Australia e e neng e gola ka bonako e e neng ya tlhongwa ke W.T. Christmas. <ref name="SAResearcherNaming">{{Cite web |title=The Woolworths South Africa story |url=https://southafricanresearcher.com/the-woolworths-south-africa-story/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=South African Researcher}}</ref> qx30zfyqdsgdinxb5vgddvvtmjjm3n9 52063 52062 2026-07-07T10:57:11Z Quinlan83 8576 Fix 52063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Woolworths''' ( semmuso '''Woolworths Holdings Limited''', mme ka puo ya tlwaelo e itsege jaaka '''Woolies''' ) ke kompone ya thekiso ya Aforikaborwa e e dirang mo dinageng di le dintsi , e e naleng ntlokgolo ya yone kwa [[Cape Town]] . E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1931, kompone e ke ya [[Department store|mabentlele a magolo a dikarolo tse di farologaneng]] a manobonobo a Aforikaborwa le [[Grocery chain|ketane ya dilwana tsa mo gae ya]] Woolworths, morekisi wa Australia wa [[:en:Country_Road_Group|Country Road]], le ketane ya [[Pet store|mabentlele a magolo go gaisa otlhe a diruiwa tsa]] mo gae mo Aforikaborwa, [[Absolute Pets|e leng Absolute Pets]] . <ref name="In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast">{{Cite web |last=Moneyweb |date=30 September 2025 |title=In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast |url=https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ |access-date=5 October 2025 |publisher=Moneyweb}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2025, setlhopha seno se thapa batho ba ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo le bobedi. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2024 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/whlfy24.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Karolo ya Aforika Borwa ya Woolworths e akaretsa kgwebo ya [[Luxury goods|dithoto tsa manobonobo]], go akaretsa le mokgwa wa diaparo, dithoto tsa mo gae, le didirisiwa tsa bontle. Mabenkele a a ikemetseng a dijo le "mafelo a go emela go reka dijo" tse di gokeletsweng mo mafelong a thekiso ya lookwane tsa [[Engen]] di mo mafelong a toropokgolo go ralala Aforika Borwa. Karolo e kgolo ya setlhopha, Woolworths Financial Services (WFS), e fa bareki dikarata tsa mabentlele, dikarata tsa sekoloto, dikadimo tse di dikologang le tshoreletso ya diruiwa tsa mo gae. Mo ngwageng wa yona wa matlole wa 2024, WFS e ne e na le karolo ya bone ya lotseno lwa Woolworths. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2025, Woolworths e na le palogotlhe ya mafelo a le sekete le makgolo a matlhano le masome a le borobabone le bongwe . Kompone e tsamaisa mabentlele a dijo a le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro le borataro le mabentlele a magolo a le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano mo Aforika Borwa, mmogo le palogotlhe ya mabentlele a le masome a borobabongwe le bosupa mo mabentleleng a yone [[Engen|a Engen]] le mabentlele a le masome a brobabongwe le boraro go ralala Aforika yotlhe. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Kompone gape e tsamaisa mabentlele a [[Absolute Pets]] a le lekgolo le masome a borobabobedi le mabentlele a Country Road a makgolo a thataro le masome a mararo (nasome a borobabobedi le borobabobedi a mo Aforika Borwa, mme a setseng a le ko Australasia). Ka kakaretso, go tloga ka ngwaga wa yone wa madi wa 2025, Woolworths e na le lefelo la kgwebisano le le akaretsang selekanyo sa boleele jwa dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete di le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi (dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete dile sekete di le borobarobedi le makgolo a borobabongwe le masome a marataro). . <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf "Annual Financial Statements, 2025"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Woolworths Holdings. September 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> Karolo ya masome a le borobabobedi le borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya mabentlele a Woolworths a mo Aforika, mme karolo ya lesome le bongwe le bongwe mo lekgolong e e setseng e kwa Australia. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf "Integrated Annual Report, 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Woolworths Holdings<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Woolworths gape e na le WCafe, e leng ketane ya mabentlele a kofi a ka nna makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi a di farologaneng ka bogolo  – go tswa mo mafelong a bojelo a a nang le tirelo e e tletseng, a go nniwang fa fatshe, go ya kwa dibareng tsa kofi tse di nang le lefelo la go duela tsa tsone tse di kopantsweng mo mabentleleng a Woolworths, go ya kwa mafelong a mannye [[Barista|a modiri wa kofi]] kwa ntle ga mabentlele a a rileng a dijo. Mabentlele a a kofi gape a thusa go tsamaisa ditaelo tsa dijo tsa borotho. WCafe ke letshwao le le itsegeng thata mo teng ga lefelo la kgwebo la matlo a kofi a Aforika Borwa mme le gareng ga tse di nang le palo e e kwa godimo ya mabentlele. <ref name="WCafe">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=WCafe |url=https://www.woolworths.co.za/cat/_/N-pjgm5f |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Woolworths}}</ref> <ref name="New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town">{{Cite web |last=Leigh Champanis-King |date=20 August 2024 |title=New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town |url=https://www.eatout.co.za/article/new-wcafe-opens-palmyra-junction-cape-town/ |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Eat Out}}</ref> == Ditaragalo tsa bogologolo == [[File:Woolworths_first_store_in_The_Royal_Hotel,_Plein_Street.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la ntlha la Woolworths, mo lefelong la bojelo le le maphatsiphatsi la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya The Royal, kwa motseng wa Cape Town]] E tlhomilwe ke [[Max Sonnenberg]], Woolworths e ne ya bula dikgoro tsa yone la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1931 mo Mmileng wa Plein, [[Cape Town|motse wa Cape Town]], mo lefelong la bojelo la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya Royal e e sa tswang go tswalwa. Katlego ya yone ya ntlha e ne ya dira gore go bulwe mabentlele a mangwe a mabedi mo kgaolong ya Cape. <ref name="News24History">{{Cite news|title=6 great South African businesses older than the rand|url=https://www.news24.com/brandstory/partner-content/6-great-south-african-businesses-older-than-the-rand-20210217|date=17 February 2021|access-date=10 January 2026}}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga bonala sentle gore kgwebo e ntšha eno e na le bokgoni jwa go atologa mo nageng yotlhe, le fa kwa tshimologong go tlhoka madi go ne go kgoreletsa tsholofelo eno. Tsala ya ga Sonnenberg, Elie Susman, o ne a tlamela ka matlole a a tlhokegang go atolosa go tsena mo [[Transvaal|kgaolo ya Transvaal]] mme morago ga moo a nna molekane wa gagwe wa kgwebo. <ref name="BusinessTechSusman">{{Cite web |title=From a 1930s dining hall to one of the biggest household names in South Africa |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/791272/from-a-1930s-dining-hall-to-one-of-the-biggest-household-names-in-south-africa/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=BusinessTech}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Florist_and_Fresh_Produce_Sections_of_the_Woolworths_Food_Emporium_in_Durbanville,_Cape_Town.jpg|thumb|Dikarolo tsa barekisi ba dithunya le dijo tsa dijalo tse di itekanetseng tsa Lefelo la Dijo la Woolworths la Durbanville]] Tlhopho ya leina e simolotse mo botsalanong jwa ga Sonnenberg le moromedi wa Lontone le mothusi wa matlole, Percy (P.R.) Lewis. Lewis e ne e le mokaedi wa Mabentlele a Diketane a kwa Australasia (ACS), e leng ntlo ya dikepe le ya madi kwa Lontone e e neng ya tlhongwa go direla kgwebo ya Australia e e neng e gola ka bonako e e neng ya tlhongwa ke W.T. Christmas. <ref name="SAResearcherNaming">{{Cite web |title=The Woolworths South Africa story |url=https://southafricanresearcher.com/the-woolworths-south-africa-story/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=South African Researcher}}</ref> nln25d6crby4shdwu1yeuciljzhedeq 52069 52063 2026-07-07T11:43:49Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke sentse tsebe e #wikipedia25BW 52069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Woolworths''' ( semmuso '''Woolworths Holdings Limited''', mme ka puo ya tlwaelo e itsege jaaka '''Woolies''' ) ke kompone ya thekiso ya Aforikaborwa e e dirang mo dinageng di le dintsi , e e naleng ntlokgolo ya yone kwa [[Cape Town]] . E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1931, kompone e ke ya [[Department store|mabentlele a magolo a dikarolo tse di farologaneng]] a manobonobo a Aforikaborwa le [[Grocery chain|ketane ya dilwana tsa mo gae ya]] Woolworths, morekisi wa Australia wa [[:en:Country_Road_Group|Country Road]], le ketane ya [[Pet store|mabentlele a magolo go gaisa otlhe a diruiwa tsa]] mo gae mo Aforikaborwa, [[Absolute Pets|e leng Absolute Pets]] . <ref name="In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast">{{Cite web |last=Moneyweb |date=30 September 2025 |title=In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast |url=https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ |access-date=5 October 2025 |publisher=Moneyweb}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2025, setlhopha seno se thapa batho ba ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo le bobedi. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2024 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/whlfy24.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Karolo ya Aforika Borwa ya Woolworths e akaretsa kgwebo ya [[Luxury goods|dithoto tsa manobonobo]], go akaretsa le mokgwa wa diaparo, dithoto tsa mo gae, le didirisiwa tsa bontle. Mabenkele a a ikemetseng a dijo le "mafelo a go emela go reka dijo" tse di gokeletsweng mo mafelong a thekiso ya lookwane tsa [[Engen]] di mo mafelong a toropokgolo go ralala Aforika Borwa. Karolo e kgolo ya setlhopha, Woolworths Financial Services (WFS), e fa bareki dikarata tsa mabentlele, dikarata tsa sekoloto, dikadimo tse di dikologang le tshoreletso ya diruiwa tsa mo gae. Mo ngwageng wa yona wa matlole wa 2024, WFS e ne e na le karolo ya bone ya lotseno lwa Woolworths. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Go tloga ka 2025, Woolworths e na le palogotlhe ya mafelo a le sekete le makgolo a matlhano le masome a le borobabone le bongwe . Kompone e tsamaisa mabentlele a dijo a le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro le borataro le mabentlele a magolo a le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano mo Aforika Borwa, mmogo le palogotlhe ya mabentlele a le masome a borobabongwe le bosupa mo mabentleleng a yone [[Engen|a Engen]] le mabentlele a le masome a brobabongwe le boraro go ralala Aforika yotlhe. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Kompone gape e tsamaisa mabentlele a [[Absolute Pets]] a le lekgolo le masome a borobabobedi le mabentlele a Country Road a makgolo a thataro le masome a mararo (nasome a borobabobedi le borobabobedi a mo Aforika Borwa, mme a setseng a le ko Australasia). Ka kakaretso, go tloga ka ngwaga wa yone wa madi wa 2025, Woolworths e na le lefelo la kgwebisano le le akaretsang selekanyo sa boleele jwa dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete di le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi (dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete dile sekete di le borobarobedi le makgolo a borobabongwe le masome a marataro). . <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf "Annual Financial Statements, 2025"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Woolworths Holdings. September 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2026</span>.</cite></ref> Karolo ya masome a le borobabobedi le borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya mabentlele a Woolworths a mo Aforika, mme karolo ya lesome le bongwe le bongwe mo lekgolong e e setseng e kwa Australia. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf "Integrated Annual Report, 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Woolworths Holdings<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Woolworths gape e na le WCafe, e leng ketane ya mabentlele a kofi a ka nna makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi a di farologaneng ka bogolo  – go tswa mo mafelong a bojelo a a nang le tirelo e e tletseng, a go nniwang fa fatshe, go ya kwa dibareng tsa kofi tse di nang le lefelo la go duela tsa tsone tse di kopantsweng mo mabentleleng a Woolworths, go ya kwa mafelong a mannye [[Barista|a modiri wa kofi]] kwa ntle ga mabentlele a a rileng a dijo. Mabentlele a a kofi gape a thusa go tsamaisa ditaelo tsa dijo tsa borotho. WCafe ke letshwao le le itsegeng thata mo teng ga lefelo la kgwebo la matlo a kofi a Aforika Borwa mme le gareng ga tse di nang le palo e e kwa godimo ya mabentlele. <ref name="WCafe">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=WCafe |url=https://www.woolworths.co.za/cat/_/N-pjgm5f |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Woolworths}}</ref> <ref name="New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town">{{Cite web |last=Leigh Champanis-King |date=20 August 2024 |title=New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town |url=https://www.eatout.co.za/article/new-wcafe-opens-palmyra-junction-cape-town/ |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Eat Out}}</ref> == Ditaragalo tsa bogologolo == [[File:Woolworths_first_store_in_The_Royal_Hotel,_Plein_Street.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la ntlha la Woolworths, mo lefelong la bojelo le le maphatsiphatsi la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya The Royal, kwa motseng wa Cape Town]] E tlhomilwe ke [[Max Sonnenberg]], Woolworths e ne ya bula dikgoro tsa yone la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1931 mo Mmileng wa Plein, [[Cape Town|motse wa Cape Town]], mo lefelong la bojelo la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya Royal e e sa tswang go tswalwa. Katlego ya yone ya ntlha e ne ya dira gore go bulwe mabentlele a mangwe a mabedi mo kgaolong ya Cape. <ref name="News24History">{{Cite news|title=6 great South African businesses older than the rand|url=https://www.news24.com/brandstory/partner-content/6-great-south-african-businesses-older-than-the-rand-20210217|date=17 February 2021|access-date=10 January 2026}}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga bonala sentle gore kgwebo e ntšha eno e na le bokgoni jwa go atologa mo nageng yotlhe, le fa kwa tshimologong go tlhoka madi go ne go kgoreletsa tsholofelo eno. Tsala ya ga Sonnenberg, Elie Susman, o ne a tlamela ka matlole a a tlhokegang go atolosa go tsena mo [[Transvaal|kgaolo ya Transvaal]] mme morago ga moo a nna molekane wa gagwe wa kgwebo. <ref name="BusinessTechSusman">{{Cite web |title=From a 1930s dining hall to one of the biggest household names in South Africa |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/791272/from-a-1930s-dining-hall-to-one-of-the-biggest-household-names-in-south-africa/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=BusinessTech}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Florist_and_Fresh_Produce_Sections_of_the_Woolworths_Food_Emporium_in_Durbanville,_Cape_Town.jpg|thumb|Dikarolo tsa barekisi ba dithunya le dijo tsa dijalo tse di itekanetseng tsa Lefelo la Dijo la Woolworths la Durbanville]] Tlhopho ya leina e simolotse mo botsalanong jwa ga Sonnenberg le moromedi wa Lontone le mothusi wa matlole, Percy (P.R.) Lewis. Lewis e ne e le mokaedi wa Mabentlele a Diketane a kwa Australasia (ACS), e leng ntlo ya dikepe le ya madi kwa Lontone e e neng ya tlhongwa go direla kgwebo ya Australia e e neng e gola ka bonako e e neng ya tlhongwa ke W.T. Christmas. <ref name="SAResearcherNaming">{{Cite web |title=The Woolworths South Africa story |url=https://southafricanresearcher.com/the-woolworths-south-africa-story/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=South African Researcher}}</ref> <ref>"The Woolworths South Africa story". ''South African Researcher''. Retrieved 10 January 2026</ref>Batho ba ba romelang dithoto kwa Lontone ba ne ba tlhola ba thusa ka madi le go tlhopha dithoto tse di sa bonweng, tse morago ga moo di neng di romelwa kwa bareking ba bone. Ka kompone ya Amerika (e jaanong e sa tlholeng e le teng) ya F.W. Woolworth Company e ne e sena kgatlhego ya go gweba kwa Australia, "Rre" Christmas – jaaka a ne a itsege – o ne a amogela leina la kgwebo ya gagwe e ntšhwa. Lewis o ne a akantsha Sonnenberg gore ACS e ka tlaleletsa pampiri ya ya ga "Rre" Keresemose le go romela selekanyo se se fokoditsweng sa sengwe le sengwe se se latelanang go tswa kwa Australia go ya kwa Aforika Borwa.[https://southafricanresearcher.com/the-woolworths-south-africa-story/ <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>] 1lseagwxikkg1krdrnlpqq5l6p9wwci 0 14299 52067 2026-07-07T11:29:31Z Bakang Kenosi 12939 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355962557|Corruption in Botswana]]" 52067 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Tshenyetso Sechaba mo Botswana''' gantsi bo tsewa e le nngwe ya tse di kwa tlase mo [[Aferika|Aforika]] . Le fa go ntse jalo,Tshenyetso sechaba ga e a fedisiwa mme bo ntse boa bonala mo makaleng a a farologaneng a puso le ka mefuta e farologaneng. Le ntswa diteko tsa go lwantsha tshenyetso setshaba mo Botswana dile teng, e simolotse go magoletsa. Mefuta e e tlwaelegileng thata ya tshenyetso sechaba ke go ja ka losika kgotsa go tshegetsa . == Bokgakala == Tshupane ya Dikakanyo tsa Bonweenwee ya 2025 ya Transparency International e neetse Botswana maduo a le 58 mo sekaleng go tsweng go 0 ("tshenyetso sechaba ye kwa godimo thata") go ya lekgolong ("phepa thata"). Fa go rulagangwa go ya ka maduo, Botswana e ne e le mo maemong a bo 41 mo mafatsheng a le 182 mo tshupaneng kwa fa lefatshe le leng mo maemong a ntlha le tsewang le na le lekalaneng la puso le le ikanyegang go gaisa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2025 |title=The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/news/how-cpi-scores-are-calculated |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Transparency.org |language=en}}</ref> Fa go bapisiwa le maduo a kgaolo, maduo a a gaisang go feta mo mafatsheng a tsa Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara [ Ela tlhoko 1 ] e ne e le 68, palogare e ne e le 32 mme e e maswe go gaisa e ne e le 9. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!-- not stated --> |date=10 February 2026 |title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2025: Public sector corruption sees Sub-Saharan Africa face the highest corruption levels globally |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/press/corruption-perceptions-index-2025-public-sector-corruption-sub-saharan-africa-face-highest-corruption-levels-globally |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Transparency.org |language=en}}</ref> Fa go bapisiwa le maduo a lefatshe ka bophara, maduo a a gaisang e ne e le 89 (a a beilweng mo maemong a 1), palogare ya worst e ne e le 42,-10. bofa). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2025: Botswana |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2025/index/bwa |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Transparency.org |language=en}}</ref> Lekwalo la Business Anti-Corruption Portal, le ne la baya Botswana mo maemong a a magareng mabapi le selekanyo sa tshenyetso setshaba se se bonwang mo lefatsheng leno. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Botswana Corruption Report |url=https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/botswana/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123004230/https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/botswana/ |archive-date=2019-11-23 |access-date=2019-12-15 |website=GAN Integrity |language=en-US}}</ref> Kgoro ya Kgwebo e e Kgatlhanong le Bonweenwee e ne ya tswelela pele, e bolela gore makala a le mantsi a puso, a a jaaka ditirelo tsa Boatlhodi, Sepodisi, [[Dipolotiki tsa Botswana|Peomolao]], ditirelo tsa Setšhaba, Tsamaiso ya Lekgetho le Theko ya Setšhaba otlhe a bona dikotsi tse di farologaneng tsa bonweenwee. <ref name=":0" /> Mo Pegelong ya Kgaisano ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya 2019 Botswana e mo maemong a bo 113/141 mo tirong ya lekala la puso mme e mo maemong a bo 32/141 mo go nneng mo Ponatshegelong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Competitiveness Report |url=https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730051309/https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=13 July 2024 |publisher=[[World Economic Forum]] |page=107}}</ref> Mo Pegelong ya Kgaisano ya Lefatshe e e dirilweng ka dingwaga tsa 2011 le 2012, go begilwe fa bonweenwee mo Botswana e le nngwe ya dilo tse di nang le mathata thata fa go tla mo go direng kgwebo mo lefatsheng leno. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Badham-Jones |first=Michael |date=27 November 2014 |title=Overview of Corruption and Anti-Corruption in Botswana |url=https://www.transparency.org/files/content/corruptionqas/Country_Profile_Botswana_2014.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718210209/https://www.transparency.org/files/content/corruptionqas/Country_Profile_Botswana_2014.pdf |archive-date=2020-07-18 |access-date=2019-12-15 |website=Transparency International}}</ref> Tshenyetso sechaba e ile jwa oketsega go tsweng mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, jaaka patlisiso e e dirilweng ke Transparency International le Afrobarometer ka 2015 e tlhalositse fa 1% ya baagi ba Botswana ba duetse pipamolomo mo dikgweding di le 12 tse di fetileng mo tirelong ya puso, mme ka 2019, e ne ya oketsega go nna 7%. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Results - Africa (Botswana) |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/gcb/africa/africa-2019/results/bwa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629173341/https://www.transparency.org/en/gcb/africa/africa-2019/results/bwa |archive-date=2024-06-29 |access-date=2024-07-13 |website= |publisher=[[Transparency International]] |language=en |edition=10th}}</ref> [[Karolo:Dipolotiki tsa Botswana]] [[Karolo:Puso ya Botswana]] itk85zm9cc2mmno6uzhqs0avoqvpqcp 0 14300 52073 2026-07-07T11:56:20Z Bakang Kenosi 12939 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335858173|Maru (novel)]]" 52073 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Maru''''' ke padi ya ngwaga wa sekete le makgolo a a robangongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka [[Bessie Head]], e e sekasekang bosemorafe le kgotlhang gareng ga merafe, bogolosegolo ya batho ba [[Batho ba letso la Setswana|ba letso la Setswana]] le [[Basarwa|Sesarwa]] . E ikaegile ka mosetsana wa khutsana wa letso la se sesarwa yo o tlang mo motseng wa Dilepe go tla go ruta. == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} j8z0hr4zet1bnc66tqs5xr238sl7adg