Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2274 52440 25297 2026-07-14T09:11:06Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tlhabolotse tsebe ya Maun #Wikipedia25BW 52440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Botswana Place|image=Maun Airport.jpg|District=North-West|Population=55,784|Foundation=1915|map=|BotswanaMap={{Location map|Botswana |width = 240 |float = none |lat_deg = -20.00 |lon_deg = 23.42 }}}} '''Maun''' ke motse wa bobedi ka botona mo [[Botswana]]. Mo ngwageng wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bobedi, o ne o na le palo ya batho ba le dikete di le masome a robabobedi le botlhano, makgolo a mabedi, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref>[http://www.statsbots.org.bw/ "Statistics Botswana".] ''Statistics Botswana''. Retrieved 2026-07-14</ref><ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/slight-increase-in-botswanas-population/news "Slight increase in Botswana's population".] Mmegi Online. May 10, 2022. Retrieved 2026-07-14</ref> Maun ke "toropokgolo ya bojanala" ya Botswana gape ke toropokgolo ya tsamaiso kwa kgaolong ya [[Ngamiland]]. [[Tsela ya A3 (Botswana)|Tsela ya A3]] e golaganya [[Francistown]] le Maun. Maun gape ke lefelo la boremelelo la difofane tsa bojanala tse di tsayang maeto go ya [[Makgobokgobo a Okavango|makgobokgobong a Okavango.]] Le ntswa e santse e le motse, Maun o tlhabologile ka lobelo lo lo kwa godimo, a anama mo lotshitshing lwa [[noka ya Thamalakane]]. Gompieno motse o, o na le marekisetso, matlo a boroko ga mmogo le ditirelo tsa go adima dikoloi, le ntswa o santse o tshegeditse tikologo ya magae, gape morafe wa koo o santse o isa dikgomo kwa Maun go rekisa. Setshaba se aname le lotshitshi lo lo sephara lwa noka ya Thamalakane kwa diphala tse dikhibidu di santseng di bonwa di fula go bapa le ditonki, dipodi le dikgomo.<ref>[https://www.botswana.co.za/africa_maun.html "Maun - Capital City - Botswana..."] ''www.botswana.co.za''. Retrieved 2026-07-14</ref> ==Banni ba Motse wa Maun== [[File:Okavango_Delta,_Botswana_(2814017958).jpg|thumb|Okavango Delta]] Merafe ya motse wa Maun e akaretsa Batawana ba ba tshwereng se tilo sa bogosi jwa motse wa Maun, Bayei,Basarwa le Banbukushu. Go tswa go lowe kgosi ya motse wa Maun e tswa mo morafeng wa Batawana. Kgosi ya ntlha Ya motse wa Maun e ne ele Letsholathe II, yo irileng go thokafaleng ga gagwe go tse ngwana wa gagwe e bong Tawana Moremi. Kgosi Tawana Moremi o tshwareletswe bogosi ke kgeetsedie e bong Kealitile Moremi. ==Tsela e go tshelwang ka yone mo Maun== Maun ke lengwe la mahelo aa humileng ka ditsatholego mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Banni ba motse wa Maun ba tshela ka go lema go tswa bogologolong. Merafhe ya Bayei, Batawana ke batho ba ba digogang ko pele mo temong. Dijo tse di lemiwang di akaretsa magapu, maraka, mabele, mmedi le tse dingwe. E ke tsela e batho ba itirelang dijo ka teng. Go lema go dirwa fela ka paka ya dipula ee simolong ngwaga o ya fifing. Di dirisiwa tsa temo di akaretsa dikgomo, ditonki le megoma. Bosêng batswana ba motse wa maun ba lema ka terekere ga bangwe ntse ba tshwere mo mokgweng wa maloba. Godimo ga moo batho ba motse wa Maun ke barui ba dikgomo, ke ka mong motse wa Maun ele mengwe ya metse ee nang le dikgomo tse dintsi mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Thuo mo motseng o ga se ya kgomo hela ke ya leruo lotlhe ka kakaretso ebong dipodi, dihutshane,dipitse le ditonki hela jalo. Leruo le lone fela jalo ke motswedi wa dijo jaaka batho ba bona masi mo dkgomong le dipodi ke sa lebale le nama. ==Ditsatlholego== Mo motseng go fitlhelwa mantle entle a tholego a akaretsa mefuta ya dithare tse di farologanyeng jaaka dithare tsa maungo ebong motshaba, motsetsentsela, moroja, moretologa le tse dingwe tse dintsi. Le dithare tse di jewang ke leruo fela jalo le majang a a farologanyeng. Gona le losika la dithare tsa mengana ebong mogotho, mongana le mosu. Mefuta ya bojang e akaretsa phoka, mokakama le e mengwe. Motse wa Maun o kgabile ka motswedi wa metsi aa elelang ebong noka ya thamalakane ee tisang botshelo mo motseng wa Maun. ==Bojanala Mo [[Maun]]== Motse wa Maun o tumile thata ka go nna kgoro ya bojanala mo Lefatsheng la Botswana, Maun ke motse o ditsela di nna mafaratlhatlha teng. Ka gore bajanala ba feta ka Maun goya Okavango Delta ga mmogo le bo Chobe National Park le mafelo a mangwe jalo jalo. Maun o le mafelo a a amogelang bajanala aa maemo a ntlha jaaka bo Sedie hotel, Maun Lodge, Rileys hotel, Kamanga Lodge le amangwe ke ka nankolo a ka tatsa tsebe e. ==Noka ya Thamalakane== [[Noka ya Thamalakane]] e bonwa mo lefatsheng la Botswana mo [[Aferika|Aforika]] mo motseng wa Maun kwa bofelong jwa borwa jwa [[Makgobokgobo a Okavango|makgobokgobong a Okavango]]. Noka ya Thamalakane ke mengwe ya metswedi ya [[Noka ya Okavango|noka ya okavango]]. Noka ya Thamalakane e nale diphologolo tsa metsi e bong dikwena,dikubu le dithapi. Noka thamalakane ke ngwe ya ditsatholego tse e leng tsone di o kang bajanala go tla mo motseng wa maun. Noka e ke yone e tokafatsang matshelo a banni ba motse wa Maun ka e ba thamela ditiro gape e ba thusa ka dithapi le Tswii ka ele dingwe tsa dijo tse ba tshelang ka tsone,Banni ba Maun ba dirisa noka e go itlhabisa phefo ka nako ya thamalakane. ==Dikolo tse di fithelweng mo motseng wa Maun== Mo motseng wa maun go nale dikolo dile mmalwa tse di fithelweng mo motseng o. Go fithelwa dikolo ka go farologana mo motseng o tsa dithuto (primary schools) tse di potlana le tse di fa godingwana (juniour schools) le tse di tlhagolelang tsela goya ko bo godingwana (senior schools) le tsa bo mma dikolo (univesities) le tsa ithutelo tiro ya diatla. Dikolo tse di potlana tse di fithelwang teng ke tse di latelang Bonatla,Mathiba,letsholathebe,moremi,Botshwelelo,sekgoma,Boyei,Matola bontsi jwa dikolo tse di reeletswe ka maina a dikgosi ko ntle ga dile tharo e bong Bonatla,Matola le Boyei. ==Moepo wa Maun== Moepo wa maun o fithelwa mo motsaneng o mabapi le maun o bitswana Toteng o sekgele sa dikilomethara dile masome a marataro le borataro go tswa mo motseng wa maun. == Metswedi == [[Category:Botswana]] 3qh06bsbrkoeo68ifxk8l82mjyc9izz 0 3119 52417 27011 2026-07-13T22:48:41Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358356590|Botswana cuisine]]" 52417 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20200207193241_IMG_7285.jpg|thumb|Bogobe le seswaa]] '''Dijo tsa Botswana''' di pharologanyo mme go na le fa di tshwanang teng le dijo tse dingwe tsa mo Borwa jwa Aforika . Dikai tsa dijo [[Setswana|tsa Setswana]] di akaretsa ''phaleche'', ''[[setampa]]'', ''magwinya'', ''bogobe'' le [[Phane|diboko tsa mophane]] (phane). Dijo tse di kgethegileng tsa [[Botswana]] ke ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|seswaa]]'', e leng nama e e thugilweng e lokilwe ka letswai. h7678lxcjc11dpucflq7hka8pifbbfl 52418 52417 2026-07-13T23:03:26Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Overview" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358356590|Botswana cuisine]]" 52418 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20200207193241_IMG_7285.jpg|thumb|Bogobe le seswaa]] '''Dijo tsa Botswana''' di pharologanyo mme go na le fa di tshwanang teng le dijo tse dingwe tsa mo Borwa jwa Aforika . Dikai tsa dijo [[Setswana|tsa Setswana]] di akaretsa ''phaleche'', ''[[setampa]]'', ''magwinya'', ''bogobe'' le [[Phane|diboko tsa mophane]] (phane). Dijo tse di kgethegileng tsa [[Botswana]] ke ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|seswaa]]'', e leng nama e e thugilweng e lokilwe ka letswai. == Tshekatsheko == Go dumelwa fa magapu a tlholegile mo Botswana. {{sfn|Hughes|2013|p=}}Dijo tse dingwe di akaretsa ''morogo wa dinawa'', ''madila'' le ''[[dikgobe]]'' . Batswana ba reka nama ya kgomo, nama ya podi, nku, koko ya setswana, diboko tsa Mophane(phane) le ditlhapi mo gae. Batswana gape ba dira dino tse di itirelwang mo malwapeng ba dirisa legapu, [[morula]] le lerole la gemmere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide - Everything You Need To Know |url=https://www.aluxurytravelblog.com/botswana-travel-guide/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=A Luxury Travel Blog}}</ref> Mo manyalong, bopi jwa mabele gantsi bo a apewa a bo bo tlhakanngwa le marotse mme motswako o o bidiwa ''bogobe jwa lerotse'' . Gantsi marotse a a baakanngwa pele go dirisiwa madila mme a bolokwe go dirisiwa nako le nako fa go tlhokega. Batswana gape ba na le matsipa a go somarela dijo . Gareng ga mefuta e mengwe ya go somarela dijo, ba boloka nama ka go e kgaola ka boleele jo bonnye jaaka megala, morago ga moo a bo ba e anega. Fa nama e ntse jaana, e bidiwa ''digwapa'' . Gape ba apaya le go omisa matlhare a dinawa. Gape go tlwaelesegile mo Batswaneng go dira ''mageu'' ka bogobe/motogo o o setseng kgotsa phaleche. Merafe e mengwe gape e somarela nama e e senyegang kgotsa e bola ka go e omisa gore e dirisiwe jaaka seshabo lebaka le le telele. Mofuta o wa nama o bidiwa ''mokungwana'' . Dijo tse dingwe tse di apewang ka nako ya manyalo ke setampa se se tlhakantsweng le dinawa kgotsa se apeilwe go sena dinawa mme se jewe le nama e e thugilweng e e bidiwang ''seswaa'' . 6wsaouioiz7e39fn4cqtzif5kp8wto0 52419 52418 2026-07-13T23:21:31Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Ingredients" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358356590|Botswana cuisine]]" 52419 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20200207193241_IMG_7285.jpg|thumb|Bogobe le seswaa]] '''Dijo tsa Botswana''' di pharologanyo mme go na le fa di tshwanang teng le dijo tse dingwe tsa mo Borwa jwa Aforika . Dikai tsa dijo [[Setswana|tsa Setswana]] di akaretsa ''phaleche'', ''[[setampa]]'', ''magwinya'', ''bogobe'' le [[Phane|diboko tsa mophane]] (phane). Dijo tse di kgethegileng tsa [[Botswana]] ke ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|seswaa]]'', e leng nama e e thugilweng e lokilwe ka letswai. == Tshekatsheko == Go dumelwa fa magapu a tlholegile mo Botswana. {{sfn|Hughes|2013|p=}}Dijo tse dingwe di akaretsa ''morogo wa dinawa'', ''madila'' le ''[[dikgobe]]'' . Batswana ba reka nama ya kgomo, nama ya podi, nku, koko ya setswana, diboko tsa Mophane(phane) le ditlhapi mo gae. Batswana gape ba dira dino tse di itirelwang mo malwapeng ba dirisa legapu, [[morula]] le lerole la gemmere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide - Everything You Need To Know |url=https://www.aluxurytravelblog.com/botswana-travel-guide/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=A Luxury Travel Blog}}</ref> Mo manyalong, bopi jwa mabele gantsi bo a apewa a bo bo tlhakanngwa le marotse mme motswako o o bidiwa ''bogobe jwa lerotse'' . Gantsi marotse a a baakanngwa pele go dirisiwa madila mme a bolokwe go dirisiwa nako le nako fa go tlhokega. Batswana gape ba na le matsipa a go somarela dijo . Gareng ga mefuta e mengwe ya go somarela dijo, ba boloka nama ka go e kgaola ka boleele jo bonnye jaaka megala, morago ga moo a bo ba e anega. Fa nama e ntse jaana, e bidiwa ''digwapa'' . Gape ba apaya le go omisa matlhare a dinawa. Gape go tlwaelesegile mo Batswaneng go dira ''mageu'' ka bogobe/motogo o o setseng kgotsa phaleche. Merafe e mengwe gape e somarela nama e e senyegang kgotsa e bola ka go e omisa gore e dirisiwe jaaka seshabo lebaka le le telele. Mofuta o wa nama o bidiwa ''mokungwana'' . Dijo tse dingwe tse di apewang ka nako ya manyalo ke setampa se se tlhakantsweng le dinawa kgotsa se apeilwe go sena dinawa mme se jewe le nama e e thugilweng e e bidiwang ''seswaa'' . == Metswako/tsa kapei == Mebaraka ya Botswana e tletse ka mefuta e mentsi ya dijo. <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> Tse dingwe di jalwa mono gae di godisiwa ka go nosetswa mme tse dingwe di rekwa go tswa kwa mafatsheng a a mabapi. Nama e ntsi ya kgomo ya maemo a a kwa godimo e ruiwa mo Botswana. Dinama tsa nku le dikwana, tsa koko le tse dingwe le tsone di [[Nama|dintsi]] . Nama ya kgomo ke yone e e ratiwang thata, mme e latelwa ke nama ya podi. Tlhapi tsa noka le tsone ke karolo ya dijo tsa Botswana. <ref name="official" /> Mabele le [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]] ke tsone dijalo tse di lengwang thata mo Botswana. Korong le raese le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhaka tse di sa lengweng mono gae di rekwa go tswa kwa ntle. Go jalwa mefuta e le mentsi e e farologaneng ya dinawa, go akaretsa dinawa tsa cowpeas, ''ditloo'', le ''letlhodi'' ( dinawa tsa mung ). Matonkomane ( ''manoko'' ) le one a jalwa. Go jalwa merogo e le mentsi jaaka sepinashe, digwere, [[Khabeche|khabetšhe]], dikwii, ditapole, ditamati, dipotata le lethisi . Go na le merogo mengwe e e golang mo nageng e e leng teng ka dipaka tse di akaretsang ''thepe'' le ''delele'' (okra). Matlhare a dinawa(morogo wa dinawa) a a omisitsweng ke dijo tsa Setswana tse di ratiwang thata. Maungo a le mantsi a teng mo lefatsheng leno, a akaretsa le ''[[morula]]'' . Magapu, a go dumelwang fa a tlholegile mo Botswana, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Food and Drink in Botswana |url=http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225013002/http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |archive-date=2017-02-25 |access-date=13 November 2016 |website=World Travel Guide}}</ref> <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> a mantsi ka paka ya one. Mofuta o mongwe wa magapu, o o bidiwang ''lerotse'' kgotsa ''lekatane'', le one a a jalwa. Go na le mefuta mengwe ya magapu a naga a a fitlhelwang mo dikgaolong a a motlhaba a sekaka tse e leng motswedi o o botlhokwa wa dijo le metsi mo bathong ba ba nnang mo dikgaolong tseo. Merogo e le mentsi ke ya dipaka mme gantsi e a omisiwa kgotsa e tsenngwa letswai gore e somarelwe. Go na le ditsela tse dintsi tse di farologaneng tsa go apaya merogo e e omisitsweng. 690m1dxu59bjou5jebmw6gcdb2mkal3 52445 52419 2026-07-14T09:54:32Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Popular dishes" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358356590|Botswana cuisine]]" 52445 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20200207193241_IMG_7285.jpg|thumb|Bogobe le seswaa]] '''Dijo tsa Botswana''' di pharologanyo mme go na le fa di tshwanang teng le dijo tse dingwe tsa mo Borwa jwa Aforika . Dikai tsa dijo [[Setswana|tsa Setswana]] di akaretsa ''phaleche'', ''[[setampa]]'', ''magwinya'', ''bogobe'' le [[Phane|diboko tsa mophane]] (phane). Dijo tse di kgethegileng tsa [[Botswana]] ke ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|seswaa]]'', e leng nama e e thugilweng e lokilwe ka letswai. == Tshekatsheko == Go dumelwa fa magapu a tlholegile mo Botswana. {{sfn|Hughes|2013|p=}}Dijo tse dingwe di akaretsa ''morogo wa dinawa'', ''madila'' le ''[[dikgobe]]'' . Batswana ba reka nama ya kgomo, nama ya podi, nku, koko ya setswana, diboko tsa Mophane(phane) le ditlhapi mo gae. Batswana gape ba dira dino tse di itirelwang mo malwapeng ba dirisa legapu, [[morula]] le lerole la gemmere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide - Everything You Need To Know |url=https://www.aluxurytravelblog.com/botswana-travel-guide/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=A Luxury Travel Blog}}</ref> Mo manyalong, bopi jwa mabele gantsi bo a apewa a bo bo tlhakanngwa le marotse mme motswako o o bidiwa ''bogobe jwa lerotse'' . Gantsi marotse a a baakanngwa pele go dirisiwa madila mme a bolokwe go dirisiwa nako le nako fa go tlhokega. Batswana gape ba na le matsipa a go somarela dijo . Gareng ga mefuta e mengwe ya go somarela dijo, ba boloka nama ka go e kgaola ka boleele jo bonnye jaaka megala, morago ga moo a bo ba e anega. Fa nama e ntse jaana, e bidiwa ''digwapa'' . Gape ba apaya le go omisa matlhare a dinawa. Gape go tlwaelesegile mo Batswaneng go dira ''mageu'' ka bogobe/motogo o o setseng kgotsa phaleche. Merafe e mengwe gape e somarela nama e e senyegang kgotsa e bola ka go e omisa gore e dirisiwe jaaka seshabo lebaka le le telele. Mofuta o wa nama o bidiwa ''mokungwana'' . Dijo tse dingwe tse di apewang ka nako ya manyalo ke setampa se se tlhakantsweng le dinawa kgotsa se apeilwe go sena dinawa mme se jewe le nama e e thugilweng e e bidiwang ''seswaa'' . == Metswako/tsa kapei == Mebaraka ya Botswana e tletse ka mefuta e mentsi ya dijo. <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> Tse dingwe di jalwa mono gae di godisiwa ka go nosetswa mme tse dingwe di rekwa go tswa kwa mafatsheng a a mabapi. Nama e ntsi ya kgomo ya maemo a a kwa godimo e ruiwa mo Botswana. Dinama tsa nku le dikwana, tsa koko le tse dingwe le tsone di [[Nama|dintsi]] . Nama ya kgomo ke yone e e ratiwang thata, mme e latelwa ke nama ya podi. Tlhapi tsa noka le tsone ke karolo ya dijo tsa Botswana. <ref name="official" /> Mabele le [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]] ke tsone dijalo tse di lengwang thata mo Botswana. Korong le raese le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhaka tse di sa lengweng mono gae di rekwa go tswa kwa ntle. Go jalwa mefuta e le mentsi e e farologaneng ya dinawa, go akaretsa dinawa tsa cowpeas, ''ditloo'', le ''letlhodi'' ( dinawa tsa mung ). Matonkomane ( ''manoko'' ) le one a jalwa. Go jalwa merogo e le mentsi jaaka sepinashe, digwere, [[Khabeche|khabetšhe]], dikwii, ditapole, ditamati, dipotata le lethisi . Go na le merogo mengwe e e golang mo nageng e e leng teng ka dipaka tse di akaretsang ''thepe'' le ''delele'' (okra). Matlhare a dinawa(morogo wa dinawa) a a omisitsweng ke dijo tsa Setswana tse di ratiwang thata. Maungo a le mantsi a teng mo lefatsheng leno, a akaretsa le ''[[morula]]'' . Magapu, a go dumelwang fa a tlholegile mo Botswana, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Food and Drink in Botswana |url=http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225013002/http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |archive-date=2017-02-25 |access-date=13 November 2016 |website=World Travel Guide}}</ref> <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> a mantsi ka paka ya one. Mofuta o mongwe wa magapu, o o bidiwang ''lerotse'' kgotsa ''lekatane'', le one a a jalwa. Go na le mefuta mengwe ya magapu a naga a a fitlhelwang mo dikgaolong a a motlhaba a sekaka tse e leng motswedi o o botlhokwa wa dijo le metsi mo bathong ba ba nnang mo dikgaolong tseo. Merogo e le mentsi ke ya dipaka mme gantsi e a omisiwa kgotsa e tsenngwa letswai gore e somarelwe. Go na le ditsela tse dintsi tse di farologaneng tsa go apaya merogo e e omisitsweng. == Dijo tse di tumileng == [[File:Vetkoek_with_mince-001.jpg|thumb|''Vetkoek'', e leng borotho jo bo nang le nama e e sitsweng jo bo simolotseng kwa Aforikaborwa]] ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|Seswaa]]'', ''tshotlho'' kgotsa ''leswao'' (nama ya kgomo e e thugilweng) ke sejo sa setso se se tumileng se se diretsweng mekete e e faphegileng ka bontsi. Gantsi e apewa ke banna, e apewa mo pitseng ya tshipi e e maoto a mararo, e a bedisiwa go fitlhela e butswa thata mme e lokwa letswai fela, mahura le metsi. Gantsi e apewa go dirisiwa nama ya podi kgotsa ya kgomo mme ke sejo se segolo mo dijong tse di amanang le meletlo ya setso jaaka diphitlho le manyalo. {{sfn|Molefhe|2007|p=}} Mofuta o mongwe ke ''serobe'', se mo go sone mala le mateng a mangwe a podi, nku kgotsa kgomo a apewang go fitlhela a butswa thata. Pele fa go apewa, mala a a tlhatswiwa thata ka kelo tlhoko. Fa phologolo e le nku kgotsa podi, ditlhako di a akarediwa. Gore dijo tse di nne serobe, go dirisiwa sekere se se dirisiwang go kgebetlelela nama go kgebetlelela mala go nna dikarolwana tse dinnye. Mofuta o mongwe wa nama ke wa koko. Koko e e godisiwang ka tsela ya setso ( e e iphataphatelang ) e tsewa e le monate go feta dikoko tse di godisiwang tsa kgwebo. Go apeela moeng koko e e godisitsweng ka tsela ya setso, go bonwa go supa kamogelo e e kgethegileng. Go apaya koko mo pitseng ya tshipi ya maoto a mararo mo molelong kwa isong go e e fa tatso e e gaisang. Nama ya koko gantsi e jewa ka madombi kgotsa phaleche. ''Bogobe'' bo dirwa ka go tsenya bopi jwa mabele, mmidi kgotsa lebelebele mo metsing a a belang, a bo go fuduiwa go fitlhela motswako o nna boleta, mme morago bo apewe ka iketlo. Dinako tse dingwe mabele kgotsa mmidi a bedisiwa malatsi a le malwa pele ga a apewa go dira gore a nne botlhokonyana. Dijo tse di bidiwa ''ting'' . Motogo yo o botlhokonyana yo o ka apewa mme wa jewa ka nama kana mashi le sukiri. Kwa ntle ga mashi le sukiri, Tsela e nngwe ya go dira ''bogobe jwa ting(motogo)'' ke go tsenya madila le lerotse. Dijo tse di bidiwa ''tophi'' ke morafe wa Bakalaka. Bopi jwa borotho ga se karolo ya dijo tsa ntlha, mme bo ntse bo rekwa go tswa kwa ntle dingwaga di le mmalwa, ka jalo go na le dikapei tse di farologaneng tsa borotho tse di nnileng karolo ya dijo tsa mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Tse di tlwaelesegileng thata ke ''matlebelekwane'' kgotsa madombi , dikuku tse di sephaphathi ( ''diphaphatha'' ) le dikuku tse di mafura ( ''magwinya'' ). Mo go tsone, bopi kwa borotho bo a dubiwa pele mme bo apewe ka ditsela tse di farologaneng jaaka go bo bedisa mo nameng, go bo apaya mo mafureng kgotsa magala a a molelo go ribegilwe sethibo sa pitsa ya tshipi. [[File:Mopane_Worm_by_Arne_Larsen.jpg|thumb|[[Phane|Seboko sa mopane]]]] Dijo tse di tumileng kwa dikgaolong tse di kgakala di akaretsa nawa ya morama, digwere tse ditona tse di ka fa tlase ga mmu, le thuthuntshwane e e jewang . [[Phane|Seboko sa Mopane]], se e leng seboko sa mmoto wa ''[[Phane|Gonimbrasia belina]]'', se apewa mo moloreng o o molelo, kana se bedisiwa, kgotsa se omisiwa mme morago se gadikiwe. ohs7093yszmaaw2ol5o6z8gyzcffa1v 52458 52445 2026-07-14T11:39:24Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Beverages" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358356590|Botswana cuisine]]" 52458 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20200207193241_IMG_7285.jpg|thumb|Bogobe le seswaa]] '''Dijo tsa Botswana''' di pharologanyo mme go na le fa di tshwanang teng le dijo tse dingwe tsa mo Borwa jwa Aforika . Dikai tsa dijo [[Setswana|tsa Setswana]] di akaretsa ''phaleche'', ''[[setampa]]'', ''magwinya'', ''bogobe'' le [[Phane|diboko tsa mophane]] (phane). Dijo tse di kgethegileng tsa [[Botswana]] ke ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|seswaa]]'', e leng nama e e thugilweng e lokilwe ka letswai. == Tshekatsheko == Go dumelwa fa magapu a tlholegile mo Botswana. {{sfn|Hughes|2013|p=}}Dijo tse dingwe di akaretsa ''morogo wa dinawa'', ''madila'' le ''[[dikgobe]]'' . Batswana ba reka nama ya kgomo, nama ya podi, nku, koko ya setswana, diboko tsa Mophane(phane) le ditlhapi mo gae. Batswana gape ba dira dino tse di itirelwang mo malwapeng ba dirisa legapu, [[morula]] le lerole la gemmere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide - Everything You Need To Know |url=https://www.aluxurytravelblog.com/botswana-travel-guide/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=A Luxury Travel Blog}}</ref> Mo manyalong, bopi jwa mabele gantsi bo a apewa a bo bo tlhakanngwa le marotse mme motswako o o bidiwa ''bogobe jwa lerotse'' . Gantsi marotse a a baakanngwa pele go dirisiwa madila mme a bolokwe go dirisiwa nako le nako fa go tlhokega. Batswana gape ba na le matsipa a go somarela dijo . Gareng ga mefuta e mengwe ya go somarela dijo, ba boloka nama ka go e kgaola ka boleele jo bonnye jaaka megala, morago ga moo a bo ba e anega. Fa nama e ntse jaana, e bidiwa ''digwapa'' . Gape ba apaya le go omisa matlhare a dinawa. Gape go tlwaelesegile mo Batswaneng go dira ''mageu'' ka bogobe/motogo o o setseng kgotsa phaleche. Merafe e mengwe gape e somarela nama e e senyegang kgotsa e bola ka go e omisa gore e dirisiwe jaaka seshabo lebaka le le telele. Mofuta o wa nama o bidiwa ''mokungwana'' . Dijo tse dingwe tse di apewang ka nako ya manyalo ke setampa se se tlhakantsweng le dinawa kgotsa se apeilwe go sena dinawa mme se jewe le nama e e thugilweng e e bidiwang ''seswaa'' . == Metswako/tsa kapei == Mebaraka ya Botswana e tletse ka mefuta e mentsi ya dijo. <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> Tse dingwe di jalwa mono gae di godisiwa ka go nosetswa mme tse dingwe di rekwa go tswa kwa mafatsheng a a mabapi. Nama e ntsi ya kgomo ya maemo a a kwa godimo e ruiwa mo Botswana. Dinama tsa nku le dikwana, tsa koko le tse dingwe le tsone di [[Nama|dintsi]] . Nama ya kgomo ke yone e e ratiwang thata, mme e latelwa ke nama ya podi. Tlhapi tsa noka le tsone ke karolo ya dijo tsa Botswana. <ref name="official" /> Mabele le [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]] ke tsone dijalo tse di lengwang thata mo Botswana. Korong le raese le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhaka tse di sa lengweng mono gae di rekwa go tswa kwa ntle. Go jalwa mefuta e le mentsi e e farologaneng ya dinawa, go akaretsa dinawa tsa cowpeas, ''ditloo'', le ''letlhodi'' ( dinawa tsa mung ). Matonkomane ( ''manoko'' ) le one a jalwa. Go jalwa merogo e le mentsi jaaka sepinashe, digwere, [[Khabeche|khabetšhe]], dikwii, ditapole, ditamati, dipotata le lethisi . Go na le merogo mengwe e e golang mo nageng e e leng teng ka dipaka tse di akaretsang ''thepe'' le ''delele'' (okra). Matlhare a dinawa(morogo wa dinawa) a a omisitsweng ke dijo tsa Setswana tse di ratiwang thata. Maungo a le mantsi a teng mo lefatsheng leno, a akaretsa le ''[[morula]]'' . Magapu, a go dumelwang fa a tlholegile mo Botswana, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Food and Drink in Botswana |url=http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225013002/http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |archive-date=2017-02-25 |access-date=13 November 2016 |website=World Travel Guide}}</ref> <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> a mantsi ka paka ya one. Mofuta o mongwe wa magapu, o o bidiwang ''lerotse'' kgotsa ''lekatane'', le one a a jalwa. Go na le mefuta mengwe ya magapu a naga a a fitlhelwang mo dikgaolong a a motlhaba a sekaka tse e leng motswedi o o botlhokwa wa dijo le metsi mo bathong ba ba nnang mo dikgaolong tseo. Merogo e le mentsi ke ya dipaka mme gantsi e a omisiwa kgotsa e tsenngwa letswai gore e somarelwe. Go na le ditsela tse dintsi tse di farologaneng tsa go apaya merogo e e omisitsweng. == Dijo tse di tumileng == [[File:Vetkoek_with_mince-001.jpg|thumb|''Vetkoek'', e leng borotho jo bo nang le nama e e sitsweng jo bo simolotseng kwa Aforikaborwa]] ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|Seswaa]]'', ''tshotlho'' kgotsa ''leswao'' (nama ya kgomo e e thugilweng) ke sejo sa setso se se tumileng se se diretsweng mekete e e faphegileng ka bontsi. Gantsi e apewa ke banna, e apewa mo pitseng ya tshipi e e maoto a mararo, e a bedisiwa go fitlhela e butswa thata mme e lokwa letswai fela, mahura le metsi. Gantsi e apewa go dirisiwa nama ya podi kgotsa ya kgomo mme ke sejo se segolo mo dijong tse di amanang le meletlo ya setso jaaka diphitlho le manyalo. {{sfn|Molefhe|2007|p=}} Mofuta o mongwe ke ''serobe'', se mo go sone mala le mateng a mangwe a podi, nku kgotsa kgomo a apewang go fitlhela a butswa thata. Pele fa go apewa, mala a a tlhatswiwa thata ka kelo tlhoko. Fa phologolo e le nku kgotsa podi, ditlhako di a akarediwa. Gore dijo tse di nne serobe, go dirisiwa sekere se se dirisiwang go kgebetlelela nama go kgebetlelela mala go nna dikarolwana tse dinnye. Mofuta o mongwe wa nama ke wa koko. Koko e e godisiwang ka tsela ya setso ( e e iphataphatelang ) e tsewa e le monate go feta dikoko tse di godisiwang tsa kgwebo. Go apeela moeng koko e e godisitsweng ka tsela ya setso, go bonwa go supa kamogelo e e kgethegileng. Go apaya koko mo pitseng ya tshipi ya maoto a mararo mo molelong kwa isong go e e fa tatso e e gaisang. Nama ya koko gantsi e jewa ka madombi kgotsa phaleche. ''Bogobe'' bo dirwa ka go tsenya bopi jwa mabele, mmidi kgotsa lebelebele mo metsing a a belang, a bo go fuduiwa go fitlhela motswako o nna boleta, mme morago bo apewe ka iketlo. Dinako tse dingwe mabele kgotsa mmidi a bedisiwa malatsi a le malwa pele ga a apewa go dira gore a nne botlhokonyana. Dijo tse di bidiwa ''ting'' . Motogo yo o botlhokonyana yo o ka apewa mme wa jewa ka nama kana mashi le sukiri. Kwa ntle ga mashi le sukiri, Tsela e nngwe ya go dira ''bogobe jwa ting(motogo)'' ke go tsenya madila le lerotse. Dijo tse di bidiwa ''tophi'' ke morafe wa Bakalaka. Bopi jwa borotho ga se karolo ya dijo tsa ntlha, mme bo ntse bo rekwa go tswa kwa ntle dingwaga di le mmalwa, ka jalo go na le dikapei tse di farologaneng tsa borotho tse di nnileng karolo ya dijo tsa mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Tse di tlwaelesegileng thata ke ''matlebelekwane'' kgotsa madombi , dikuku tse di sephaphathi ( ''diphaphatha'' ) le dikuku tse di mafura ( ''magwinya'' ). Mo go tsone, bopi kwa borotho bo a dubiwa pele mme bo apewe ka ditsela tse di farologaneng jaaka go bo bedisa mo nameng, go bo apaya mo mafureng kgotsa magala a a molelo go ribegilwe sethibo sa pitsa ya tshipi. [[File:Mopane_Worm_by_Arne_Larsen.jpg|thumb|[[Phane|Seboko sa mopane]]]] Dijo tse di tumileng kwa dikgaolong tse di kgakala di akaretsa nawa ya morama, digwere tse ditona tse di ka fa tlase ga mmu, le thuthuntshwane e e jewang . [[Phane|Seboko sa Mopane]], se e leng seboko sa mmoto wa ''[[Phane|Gonimbrasia belina]]'', se apewa mo moloreng o o molelo, kana se bedisiwa, kgotsa se omisiwa mme morago se gadikiwe. == Dino == Dinotsididi di le dintsi le dinotagi di dirwa mo madirelong mo Botswana, di akaretsa Fanta le Coca-Cola . Tsa maina a mo gae ke tsa dibiri tsa Castle le Lion .[[Mashi]] a a bedisiwa go dira ''madila'' ( mashi a a botlhoko) a a jewang a le nosi kgotsa a tsenngwa mo bogobeng . Seno se se ratwang thata se se senang bojalwa se itirelwa mo lwapeng ke gemmere . Seno se se nowa thata mo meletlong e e kgethegileng jaaka manyalo le mekete. E dirwa ka go bedisa bopi jwa gemmere mo metsing, a bo go tsenngwa sukiri, setlhoko sa thathariki le motswako wa khirimi ya tartar morago ga moo e tlogelwe go tsidifala le go bedisiwa letsatsi le le lengwe. Go na le mefuta ya dinotagi tsa setso. ''Bojalwa ja Setswana'' bo titielwa go dirisiwa dipeo tsa mabele tse di bedisitsweng. Merafe e mengwe, jaaka Bakalaka, e dirisa lebelele. Bojalwa jwa kgwebo jo bo dirwang a bo bo phuthelwa jwa [[Chibuku Shake Shake|Chibuku]], bo titietswe ka [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]] kgotsa mabele, ke seno se se ratwang thata segolobogolo mo magaeng, mo ditoropong le mo dikarolong dingwe tsa ditoropo-kgolo. Chibuku gape e titielwa mo mafatsheng a a mangwe a mabapi jaaka [[Malawi]], [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]] ( Umqombothi ) [[Zambia]] le [[Zimbabwe]] . ''Khadi'', e e titietsweng ka metswako e e farologaneng, e e itekanetseng go gaisa mo go yone e le diberi tsa naga, le yone ke seno se se tagang se se nowang thata ke ditlhopha tse di amogelang madi a mannye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Food and Selected Dishes |url=http://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/culture/index5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911141148/http://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/culture/index5.html |archive-date=2013-09-11 |access-date=2014-02-28 |publisher=Botswana Embassy}}</ref>Go na le dino tse dingwe tsa dimintsi tse di bidiwang kgomodimetsing le longman. Ke matlhare a gantsi a tlhakanngwang le tee go dira tatso e e monate le monko yo o monate. 3uzlzqj1v76p8j44jf9q2obdviwxw06 52459 52458 2026-07-14T11:42:46Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "See also" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358356590|Botswana cuisine]]" 52459 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20200207193241_IMG_7285.jpg|thumb|Bogobe le seswaa]] '''Dijo tsa Botswana''' di pharologanyo mme go na le fa di tshwanang teng le dijo tse dingwe tsa mo Borwa jwa Aforika . Dikai tsa dijo [[Setswana|tsa Setswana]] di akaretsa ''phaleche'', ''[[setampa]]'', ''magwinya'', ''bogobe'' le [[Phane|diboko tsa mophane]] (phane). Dijo tse di kgethegileng tsa [[Botswana]] ke ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|seswaa]]'', e leng nama e e thugilweng e lokilwe ka letswai. == Tshekatsheko == Go dumelwa fa magapu a tlholegile mo Botswana. {{sfn|Hughes|2013|p=}}Dijo tse dingwe di akaretsa ''morogo wa dinawa'', ''madila'' le ''[[dikgobe]]'' . Batswana ba reka nama ya kgomo, nama ya podi, nku, koko ya setswana, diboko tsa Mophane(phane) le ditlhapi mo gae. Batswana gape ba dira dino tse di itirelwang mo malwapeng ba dirisa legapu, [[morula]] le lerole la gemmere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Travel Guide - Everything You Need To Know |url=https://www.aluxurytravelblog.com/botswana-travel-guide/ |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=A Luxury Travel Blog}}</ref> Mo manyalong, bopi jwa mabele gantsi bo a apewa a bo bo tlhakanngwa le marotse mme motswako o o bidiwa ''bogobe jwa lerotse'' . Gantsi marotse a a baakanngwa pele go dirisiwa madila mme a bolokwe go dirisiwa nako le nako fa go tlhokega. Batswana gape ba na le matsipa a go somarela dijo . Gareng ga mefuta e mengwe ya go somarela dijo, ba boloka nama ka go e kgaola ka boleele jo bonnye jaaka megala, morago ga moo a bo ba e anega. Fa nama e ntse jaana, e bidiwa ''digwapa'' . Gape ba apaya le go omisa matlhare a dinawa. Gape go tlwaelesegile mo Batswaneng go dira ''mageu'' ka bogobe/motogo o o setseng kgotsa phaleche. Merafe e mengwe gape e somarela nama e e senyegang kgotsa e bola ka go e omisa gore e dirisiwe jaaka seshabo lebaka le le telele. Mofuta o wa nama o bidiwa ''mokungwana'' . Dijo tse dingwe tse di apewang ka nako ya manyalo ke setampa se se tlhakantsweng le dinawa kgotsa se apeilwe go sena dinawa mme se jewe le nama e e thugilweng e e bidiwang ''seswaa'' . == Metswako/tsa kapei == Mebaraka ya Botswana e tletse ka mefuta e mentsi ya dijo. <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> Tse dingwe di jalwa mono gae di godisiwa ka go nosetswa mme tse dingwe di rekwa go tswa kwa mafatsheng a a mabapi. Nama e ntsi ya kgomo ya maemo a a kwa godimo e ruiwa mo Botswana. Dinama tsa nku le dikwana, tsa koko le tse dingwe le tsone di [[Nama|dintsi]] . Nama ya kgomo ke yone e e ratiwang thata, mme e latelwa ke nama ya podi. Tlhapi tsa noka le tsone ke karolo ya dijo tsa Botswana. <ref name="official" /> Mabele le [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]] ke tsone dijalo tse di lengwang thata mo Botswana. Korong le raese le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhaka tse di sa lengweng mono gae di rekwa go tswa kwa ntle. Go jalwa mefuta e le mentsi e e farologaneng ya dinawa, go akaretsa dinawa tsa cowpeas, ''ditloo'', le ''letlhodi'' ( dinawa tsa mung ). Matonkomane ( ''manoko'' ) le one a jalwa. Go jalwa merogo e le mentsi jaaka sepinashe, digwere, [[Khabeche|khabetšhe]], dikwii, ditapole, ditamati, dipotata le lethisi . Go na le merogo mengwe e e golang mo nageng e e leng teng ka dipaka tse di akaretsang ''thepe'' le ''delele'' (okra). Matlhare a dinawa(morogo wa dinawa) a a omisitsweng ke dijo tsa Setswana tse di ratiwang thata. Maungo a le mantsi a teng mo lefatsheng leno, a akaretsa le ''[[morula]]'' . Magapu, a go dumelwang fa a tlholegile mo Botswana, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Food and Drink in Botswana |url=http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225013002/http://www.worldtravelguide.net/botswana/food-and-drink |archive-date=2017-02-25 |access-date=13 November 2016 |website=World Travel Guide}}</ref> <ref name="official">{{Cite web |title=BW Lifestyles |url=http://www.botsofficialbw.org/lifestyles/ |access-date=24 May 2020 |website=BotsOfficial BW}}</ref> a mantsi ka paka ya one. Mofuta o mongwe wa magapu, o o bidiwang ''lerotse'' kgotsa ''lekatane'', le one a a jalwa. Go na le mefuta mengwe ya magapu a naga a a fitlhelwang mo dikgaolong a a motlhaba a sekaka tse e leng motswedi o o botlhokwa wa dijo le metsi mo bathong ba ba nnang mo dikgaolong tseo. Merogo e le mentsi ke ya dipaka mme gantsi e a omisiwa kgotsa e tsenngwa letswai gore e somarelwe. Go na le ditsela tse dintsi tse di farologaneng tsa go apaya merogo e e omisitsweng. == Dijo tse di tumileng == [[File:Vetkoek_with_mince-001.jpg|thumb|''Vetkoek'', e leng borotho jo bo nang le nama e e sitsweng jo bo simolotseng kwa Aforikaborwa]] ''[[Nama ya Seswaa|Seswaa]]'', ''tshotlho'' kgotsa ''leswao'' (nama ya kgomo e e thugilweng) ke sejo sa setso se se tumileng se se diretsweng mekete e e faphegileng ka bontsi. Gantsi e apewa ke banna, e apewa mo pitseng ya tshipi e e maoto a mararo, e a bedisiwa go fitlhela e butswa thata mme e lokwa letswai fela, mahura le metsi. Gantsi e apewa go dirisiwa nama ya podi kgotsa ya kgomo mme ke sejo se segolo mo dijong tse di amanang le meletlo ya setso jaaka diphitlho le manyalo. {{sfn|Molefhe|2007|p=}} Mofuta o mongwe ke ''serobe'', se mo go sone mala le mateng a mangwe a podi, nku kgotsa kgomo a apewang go fitlhela a butswa thata. Pele fa go apewa, mala a a tlhatswiwa thata ka kelo tlhoko. Fa phologolo e le nku kgotsa podi, ditlhako di a akarediwa. Gore dijo tse di nne serobe, go dirisiwa sekere se se dirisiwang go kgebetlelela nama go kgebetlelela mala go nna dikarolwana tse dinnye. Mofuta o mongwe wa nama ke wa koko. Koko e e godisiwang ka tsela ya setso ( e e iphataphatelang ) e tsewa e le monate go feta dikoko tse di godisiwang tsa kgwebo. Go apeela moeng koko e e godisitsweng ka tsela ya setso, go bonwa go supa kamogelo e e kgethegileng. Go apaya koko mo pitseng ya tshipi ya maoto a mararo mo molelong kwa isong go e e fa tatso e e gaisang. Nama ya koko gantsi e jewa ka madombi kgotsa phaleche. ''Bogobe'' bo dirwa ka go tsenya bopi jwa mabele, mmidi kgotsa lebelebele mo metsing a a belang, a bo go fuduiwa go fitlhela motswako o nna boleta, mme morago bo apewe ka iketlo. Dinako tse dingwe mabele kgotsa mmidi a bedisiwa malatsi a le malwa pele ga a apewa go dira gore a nne botlhokonyana. Dijo tse di bidiwa ''ting'' . Motogo yo o botlhokonyana yo o ka apewa mme wa jewa ka nama kana mashi le sukiri. Kwa ntle ga mashi le sukiri, Tsela e nngwe ya go dira ''bogobe jwa ting(motogo)'' ke go tsenya madila le lerotse. Dijo tse di bidiwa ''tophi'' ke morafe wa Bakalaka. Bopi jwa borotho ga se karolo ya dijo tsa ntlha, mme bo ntse bo rekwa go tswa kwa ntle dingwaga di le mmalwa, ka jalo go na le dikapei tse di farologaneng tsa borotho tse di nnileng karolo ya dijo tsa mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Tse di tlwaelesegileng thata ke ''matlebelekwane'' kgotsa madombi , dikuku tse di sephaphathi ( ''diphaphatha'' ) le dikuku tse di mafura ( ''magwinya'' ). Mo go tsone, bopi kwa borotho bo a dubiwa pele mme bo apewe ka ditsela tse di farologaneng jaaka go bo bedisa mo nameng, go bo apaya mo mafureng kgotsa magala a a molelo go ribegilwe sethibo sa pitsa ya tshipi. [[File:Mopane_Worm_by_Arne_Larsen.jpg|thumb|[[Phane|Seboko sa mopane]]]] Dijo tse di tumileng kwa dikgaolong tse di kgakala di akaretsa nawa ya morama, digwere tse ditona tse di ka fa tlase ga mmu, le thuthuntshwane e e jewang . [[Phane|Seboko sa Mopane]], se e leng seboko sa mmoto wa ''[[Phane|Gonimbrasia belina]]'', se apewa mo moloreng o o molelo, kana se bedisiwa, kgotsa se omisiwa mme morago se gadikiwe. == Dino == Dinotsididi di le dintsi le dinotagi di dirwa mo madirelong mo Botswana, di akaretsa Fanta le Coca-Cola . Tsa maina a mo gae ke tsa dibiri tsa Castle le Lion .[[Mashi]] a a bedisiwa go dira ''madila'' ( mashi a a botlhoko) a a jewang a le nosi kgotsa a tsenngwa mo bogobeng . Seno se se ratwang thata se se senang bojalwa se itirelwa mo lwapeng ke gemmere . Seno se se nowa thata mo meletlong e e kgethegileng jaaka manyalo le mekete. E dirwa ka go bedisa bopi jwa gemmere mo metsing, a bo go tsenngwa sukiri, setlhoko sa thathariki le motswako wa khirimi ya tartar morago ga moo e tlogelwe go tsidifala le go bedisiwa letsatsi le le lengwe. Go na le mefuta ya dinotagi tsa setso. ''Bojalwa ja Setswana'' bo titielwa go dirisiwa dipeo tsa mabele tse di bedisitsweng. Merafe e mengwe, jaaka Bakalaka, e dirisa lebelele. Bojalwa jwa kgwebo jo bo dirwang a bo bo phuthelwa jwa [[Chibuku Shake Shake|Chibuku]], bo titietswe ka [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]] kgotsa mabele, ke seno se se ratwang thata segolobogolo mo magaeng, mo ditoropong le mo dikarolong dingwe tsa ditoropo-kgolo. Chibuku gape e titielwa mo mafatsheng a a mangwe a mabapi jaaka [[Malawi]], [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]] ( Umqombothi ) [[Zambia]] le [[Zimbabwe]] . ''Khadi'', e e titietsweng ka metswako e e farologaneng, e e itekanetseng go gaisa mo go yone e le diberi tsa naga, le yone ke seno se se tagang se se nowang thata ke ditlhopha tse di amogelang madi a mannye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Food and Selected Dishes |url=http://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/culture/index5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911141148/http://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/culture/index5.html |archive-date=2013-09-11 |access-date=2014-02-28 |publisher=Botswana Embassy}}</ref>Go na le dino tse dingwe tsa dimintsi tse di bidiwang kgomodimetsing le longman. Ke matlhare a gantsi a tlhakanngwang le tee go dira tatso e e monate le monko yo o monate. == Bona gape == * [[List of African cuisines|Lenaneo la dijo tsa Aforika]] 1krr6146lxnzwbipoxnh4wou0nat4m7 0 3374 52432 31662 2026-07-14T07:34:39Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse mafoko mangwe #Wikipedia25BW 52432 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba mafelo a go gorogelang baeng, mesepele le bojanala ''' (BHT&amp;TWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le ikgolagantseng le la Botswana Federation of Trade Unions mo [[Botswana|Botswana]]. ==Mosola wa Makgotla ka kakaretso== Temotsho e e dirilwe ke mothusa mookamedi wa lephata la tsa khiro, Rre [[Jacob Nkala]] mo phuthegong e mo go yone ba neng ba tlhalosetsa babereki ba ba ntseng ba duelwa ka letsatsi ka tsamaiso ya go ba fetola go nna babereki ba sennela ruri.Rre Nkala o ne a itebagantse le kgang ya go tsena mo peneneng ga babereki ba, a tlhalosa fa puso e ne ya lemoga gore lenaneo la pele la go tsaya madi a karathuthi morago ga dingwaga tse tlhano dingwe le dingwe ga go tswele babereki bangwe mosola ka ba felela ba tlogela tiro ba sa itirela sepe.O ne a tlhalosa fa jaanong molao o moa wa khiro o dirile gore babereki ba puso botlhe ba nne selo se le sengwe fela mo a reng ke gone go dirang gore babereki ba jaanong ba kgone go tsena mo peneneng. Rre Nkala o ne a rotloetsa babereki go tsena mo peneneng ka madi a bone a karathuti a re go ka ba thusa gore ba tle ba nne le penene e e botoka fa ba setse ba tlogela tiro.Babereki ba ne ba ngongorega ka dituelo ba re di kwa tlase mo ba belaelang gore penene ga e na go ba tswela mosola.Ba ne ba supa gape letshwenyego la go tlhoka go bolelelwa ka mananeo a tiro ka na go bontshiwa dipampiri tsa tiro tse di ba amang. Ngongorego e nngwe e ba e ntshitseng ke ya go patelediwa go tsaya malatsi a boitapoloso fa ba sena go bereka morago ga dioura tse di beilweng tsa tiro le go sa tsewe sentle ke bagolwane ba bone mo maphateng. Mogolwane wa [[lekgotla la babereki ba tiro ya diatla]], Rre Otladisa Maswabi, o ne a ba kopa go dirisa lekgotla la bone la babereki go isa dingongorego tsa bone, e seng go leta diphuthego, a re go itshupa gore ga ba tsene diphuthego tsa lekgotla.Rre Maswabi o ba rotloeditse go dira dikomiti tsa lekgotla la babereki mo maphateng a bone a re di ka ba thusa go tsibogela dikgang a rotloetsa ba e seng maloko a lekgotla go ikwadisa. ==Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe== [[Botswana]] [[Botswana Federation of Trade Unions|BFTU]] ==Metswedi == *{{cite book | year = 2005 | title = Trade Unions of the World | editor = [[International Centre for Trade Union Rights|ICTUR]] et al., | edition = 6th | publisher = John Harper Publishing | location = London, UK | id = ISBN 0-9543811-5-7 }} *{{cite web | title=Trade Unions in Botswana | work= | url=http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf | accessdate=2006-03-20 | archive-date=2007-10-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf | url-status=dead }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} {{Portal|Organized labour}} [[Category:Mokgatlo wa mekgatlo yotlhe ya Babereki mo Botswana]] [[Category:Lekgotla la papadi ya thelesetso]] {{Botswana-stub}} {{Africa-trade-union-stub}} 4zkgybkgxmwy9tw8wtkhl129skt30hw 0 3376 52427 17448 2026-07-14T06:50:49Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse mafoko mangwe #Wikipedia25BW 52427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba meepo mo Botswana''' (BMWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le ikgolagantseng le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla la Botswana Federation of Trade Unions mo [[Botswana]]. ==Lekgotla le itlama go thusa Babereki== Moeteledipele wa lekgotla la babereki ba ba duelwang ka letsatsi (Manual Workers Union) Rre [[Johnson Motshwarakgole]] a re lekgotla leo le leka bojotlhe gore ba ba latlhegetsweng ke ditiro ba boele mo tirong, le gore ba ba batlele ditiro kwa ntle ga lefatshe leno.Rre Motshwarakgole e ne e le sebui sa tlotla kwa moletlong wa go ipelela phenyo mo ikgaratlhelong ya go kopa koketso dituelo ka 16 per cent o o neng o tsenwe ke badirela puso, le badirela puso ba ba pele ba le 700 ba ba neng ba latlhegelwa ke ditiro mo lefatsheng leno kwa Makhubu Club bosheng.A re ba tsere tshwetso ya go batla diphatlha tsa ditiro di tshwana le tsa baoki kwa ntle, go balelwa kwa Namibia kwa di leng di ntsi teng. A re ba setse ba batletse ba le lesome le bosupa kwa lefatsheng leo,mme ba solofela fa ba le lesome le bosupa ba tlaa bona ditiro mo bogaufing.A re kgang kgolo ke gore diphathi tsa kganetso le e e busang ya Domkrag ba reng ka seemo sa badirela puso.Rre Motrshwarakgole o ne a kopa boeteledipele jwa makgotla a babereki go ne ba laletsa diphathi tsotlhe tsa kganetso le e e busang meletlo ya bone. ==Dingongora tsa ba Lekgotla la meepo== Lekgotla la babereki ba meepo ya Orapa, Letlhakane le Damotshaa mo kgaolong potlana ya Boteti lesupile ngongorego ka batswakwa ba ba tlhapiwang ka kutusiso ya gore baya go thswaragangwa le Batswana gore ba ithute mo go bone mo ngwageng tse tharo ka maikaelelo a re gotsweng foo trio tseo di boele mo diatleng sa Batswana.Basupile ngongorego eo mo phuthegong ya kgotla e e neng e buisiwa ke mothusa tona wa tsa pereko le tsa selegae Rre Gaotlhaetse Matlhabaphiri maabane fa ane a kopane le badiri go utlwa mathata a bone le gore goka tokafadiwa jang melao ya tsa pereko.Erile mokwaledi wa Botswana Mne Workers Union Rre Molebatsi Mukani a lekodisa tona a supa fa basa itumedisiweng ke kafa diteseletso tsa batswakwa di shahadiwang ka teng le fa go sa thokafale, maikaeleleo ele gore motswana yoo o ntseng a tshwaragane le motswakwa a ithuta mo go ene a seka a bona sebaka sa go tsaya maemo ao.Rre Mukani yo oneng a buwa mo boemong ja lekgotla one a re gape go lenaneo la PMS le ithaganeletswe go diriswa are nako ga e e isi e tle ya gore lenaneo leo le dirafadiwe kwa meepong are ga letsamaisiwe sentle.Ene yare a itebaganya le gontshiwa ga ditiro dingwe mo moeepong go neelwa dikonteraka tse di ekemetseng ka nosi a re Debswana e simolotse godirafatsa molao oo kwa ntle ga ditumelano la ba makgotla a babereki ba meepo, a supa fa bookamedi boise book bo kopanele ditherisano le makgotla a babereki.O ne a re godira jalo ke go koafatsa bodiredi le lekgotla la babereki ka gore bontsi ja maloko a lekgotla botlaa bo bo satlhole bo le teng.O ne gape a re puso e tsaya lebaka go tsibogela mathata a babereki ba supa fa ngalo ditiro ya ba bereki ba meepo ya 2004 e tlogetsa badiri ba le 461 ba sena ditiro, mme puso ene ya itshele moriti o tsididi. Ba lekgotla le lesha le le lone le neng le emetse badiredi la National Mining Allied Workers Union (NAMAWU) le bone batswa la bone batlhalosesa tona maikemisetso a lone, segolobogolo le gateletse that mo goreng a bookamedi boseka jaana le letshogo la gore fa makgotla a runya go buwelela babereki a feta bongwe a tlaa kgoreletsa ditsamaiso ba supa fa ele tshwanelo ya gore makgotla a ka tlhamiwa Erile a latlhela mo boemo ja lekgotla leo modulasetilo Rre Thompson Koboyatau a supa fa bone batlhaloganya sentle gore ba tshwanetse go kopanela ditherisano le mmuso, badiri le bone ele badiri gore gotle gone Bonolo gore balemoge dikgoreletsi tse dikgoreletsi tse di kgoreletsang mo melawaneng ya pereko le go tla ka maano a gor edika bakangwa jang.A re ba lemoga sentle gore seabe sa bone se botlhokwa thata mo go ageng lefatshe leno go le somarela le gore godisetsa dikokomane, a re mme seo seka kgonagala fela fa boraro joo boka dirisana mmogo.Ene yare a bakgwa dikgaba mothusa tona Rre Matlhabaphiri are tota tsamaiso yotlhe ke gore a gokopanelwang mathata gotiwe ka metlhala ya tokafatso le paakanyo melawana ya tsa pereko fa go bonweng e katswa e sielwe ke nako teng.Mothusa tona one a re ao ke one maikaeleleo magolo a go kopana le mhiri le mhiriwa gore bonwe ditsela tsa kafa go ka dirwang ka teng go tokafatsa melwana ya tsa pereko, ene ya re morago a kopana le bookamedi jo le jone boning ja itumelela bokopano joo thata.Ene yare mo mafko a gagwe a kamogelwe mookamela meepo ya Orapa le Letlhakane Rre Sebetela Sebetela a supa fa foneela beng gae ditiro mo meepong ye a e okametseng gole kwa godimo thata, mme a dumelane le gore gongwe bantse bas a tshwaragenele ditherisano le makgotla a babereko go ba rerisa ka thulaganyo e eteng. One a kopa gore a gofefosiwe go abiwa ga diteseletso tsa pereko gore bakgone go tlhapa baitsaanape ba ditiro tse dihaphegileng ka bofefo fa gotlhokege, one gape a totomatsa kompone ya gagwe gore e thoka go tshephiwa ka gole gantsi e direle dilo mo pepeneneng goitsa dikgothang.Erile a lathela mookamela lephata leo Rre Claude Mojafi a re dikompone tse ditona jaaka Debswana dina le lenaneo le le haphegileng la go direlwe diteseletso ka bofefo ==Metswedi == *{{cite book | year = 2005 | title = Trade Unions of the World | editor = [[International Centre for Trade Union Rights|ICTUR]] et al., | edition = 6th | publisher = John Harper Publishing | location = London, UK | id = ISBN 0-9543811-5-7 }} {{Portal|Organized labour}} [[Category:Mokgatlo wa mekgatlo yotlhe ya Babereki mo Botswana]] [[Category:Lekgotla la babereki ba ditiro]] {{Botswana-stub}} {{Africa-trade-union-stub}} m7ummkedw1ilpbv52dpzq7f1ypn9pvc 0 4994 52423 49870 2026-07-14T06:27:11Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke feleditse tsebe ya Mokgweetsi Masisi 52423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Mokgweetsi Masisi May 2023.jpg|name=Mokgweetsi Masisi|caption=Masisi in 2023|order=5th|office=Tautona wa Botswana|country2=Botswana|predecessor=[[Ian Khama]]|term_start=1 April 2018|term_end=1 November 2024|successor=[[Duma Boko]]|vicepresident15=[[Slumber Tsogwane]]|birth_name=Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1961|07|21}}|birth_place=[[Moshupa]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate|Bechuanaland]]<br />(now [[Botswana]])}} '''Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi''' ([[:en:Help:IPA/English|/mɔːkˈweɪtsi/]] (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya 21 Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bonngwe (1961) ke mopolotiki wa Botswana yo o dirileng jaaka [[Tautona wa Botswana|tautona wa botlhano wa lefatshe la Botswana]] go simolola ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018 )go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024)<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ "Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The M&G Online''. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.dw.com/en/botswana-mokgweetsi-masisi-takes-over-presidency-amid-opposition-resurgence/a-43206610 "Botswana: Mokgweetsi Masisi takes over presidency amid opposition resurgence".] ''Deutsche Welle''. 31 March 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20180401-botswana-inaugurates-new-president-masisi-smooth-handover "Botswana inaugurates new president Masisi in smooth handover".] ''France 24''. 1 April 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref>. O setse a kile a dira e le tona wa thuto ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), mme a dira gape e le tona wa tsa bodiredi mo ofising ya ga tautona le tsa merafe go simolola ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). O ne a tlhophiwa lantlha go ya palamêntêng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009). Kwa tshimologong o ne a na le kamano e e siameng leTautona wa maloba [[Ian Khama]], yo o neng a tlhoma Masisi go nna motlatsa moporesidente, ba babedi bano ba ne ba thulana morago ga moo ka ntlha ya thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou, mme Khama o ne a latofatsa Masisi ka go re o "kgapa batho ba ba sa dumalaneng le ene". Fa ba ne ba simolola go busa mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), baganetsi ba ne ba re go na le tlolomolao le tsietso ya ditlhopho. Le fa go ntse jalo, mokgatlho wa African Union o ne wa bega gore ditlhopho di ne di tshwerwe ka tsela e e phepa e bile di tsamaisana le melao ya mafatshefatshe. Puso ya gagwe e ne ya okamela tsela e naga e tsibogelang leroborobo la [[COVID-19]] ka yone. Mo gare ga leroborobo, Masisi o ne a busa ka molao go tloga ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021(, le fa a ne a ganediwa ke setšhaba le makoko a kganetso. == Botshelô le dithuto == Rre Mokgweetsi Masisi ke morwa wa ga [[:en:Edison_Masisi|Edson Masisi]](yo tshotsweg ka gwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923) a bo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003), yo o neng e le leloko la palamêntê kwa motseng wa [[Moshupa]].<ref name=":1">[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020</ref> Rre Masisi o goletse mo torôpôkgôlô [[Gaborone]], a tsena sekolo se se botlana kwa Thornhill Primary School mme a ya go tsweledisa see segolwane kwa [[Maru a Pula School|Maru A Pula Schoo]]<nowiki/>l.<ref name=":1" /> Kwa sekolong o ne a tsenelela dikgaisano tsa kgwele ya dinao le thênêsê, mme kwa bofelong a felela a kgatlhêgela tsa kgatô. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) o ne a akgolelwa kêtêlêlo pele ya gagwe ya tlhamô ya mo Gaborone ya Cry the Beloved Country, mme a galaletswa ke Alan Paton ka tiragatsô ya gagwe. Fa go tswêlêtswêle ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) o ne a nna moanêlwamogolo wa go dira le metshamekô, mme gape a nna karolô ya di filimi tsa South Africa B-Movies. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) Rre Masisi o ne a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa social studies dingwaga di le mmalwa morago fa a sena go aloga kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|mmadikolong wa Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) mo go tsa Sekgowa le Ditsô. Mme a tswelela ka go ya go ruta kwa sekolong se se golwane sa Mmanaana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) mo motsaneng wa Moshupa pele fa a simolola le mmadikolo wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa (1987) e le moitseanape wa tsa kgolô ya dithutô tsa sekolo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250605063938/https://www.weforum.org/people/mokgweetsi-eric-keabetswe-masisi/ "Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi"]. ''World Economic Forum''. Archived from the original on 5 June 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989) o ne a ya kwa [[:en:Florida_State_University|Florida State University]] <ref>[https://news.fsu.edu/news/university-news/2018/09/20/florida-state-welcomes-president-of-botswana-for-official-visit/ "Florida State welcomes president of Botswana for official visit".] ''Florida State University News''. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020</ref>go ithutela bonkge jwa digerata tsa Thutô, mme morago a thapiwa ke [[:en:UNICEF|UNICEF]] mo Botswana<ref name=":2">[https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-43611238 "Botswana : investiture du nouveau président"]. ''BBC News Afrique'' (in French). 1 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref>.Ka sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), o ne a bona dikirii ya morago ga kalogo ya Ikonomi le Pholisi ya Loago kwa Yunibesithing ya Manchester, kwa e neng e le moithuti wa Chevening gone.<ref name=":2" /> == Tiro == Rre Masisi o ne a seka a bona tlhôphô ya [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) go emela kgaolô ya botlhophi mo [[:en:Moshupa|Moshupa]] ka di [[:en:Botswana_general_election,_2004|ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa )dikete tse pedi le bone (2004]]. <ref name=":3">[http://weekendpost.co.bw/wp-column-details.php?col_id=707 "Weekend Post :: The making of a president: HH Mokgweetsi Masisi".] ''weekendpost.co.bw''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a tsaya tlhôphô ya BDP pele ga [[:en:Botswana_general_election,_2009|ditlhôphô tsa ngwaga wa 2009]] mme a fenya setilô. Mme ka bofefo o ne a tlhôphiwa go nna mothusa tona wa tsa bodiredi kwa ofising ya ga tautona le bodiredi jwa tsa merafe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009)<ref name=":3" />. Moragonyana ga ngwaga e le mothusa tona wa tsa bodiredi jwa ofisi ya ga tautona le tsa merafe ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011).<ref name=":0" /> Rre Masisi o ne a nna tona wa thutô le tlhabololô ya tsa boitseanape a tshwareletse ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014); o ne a tlhôphiwa gape mo setilông sa palamêntê ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesoe le bone (2014),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180401113831/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-04/01/c_137081027.htm "Profile: Botswana's new president Mokgweetsi Masisi - Xinhua | English.news.cn".] ''www.xinhuanet.com''. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> mme a thapiwa go nna tona wa thutô le tlhabololô ya tsa boitseanape ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi , ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).Rre Masisi o ne a thapiwa ke moetêlêdipele [[:en:Ian_Khama|Ian Khama]] go nna mothusa tautona wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014)fa a santse a tshwareletse e le tona wa tsa Thutô.<ref>[http://www.weekendpost.co.bw/wp-column-details.php?col_id=22 "Weekend Post :: Bolope (bootlicking) has paid for Masisi!".] ''www.weekendpost.co.bw''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> Tautona wa pele Rre Khama o ne a thapa Rre Masisi go nna tonakgolo wa mmadikolo wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017).Tlhôphô e, e ne e ikaegile ka karolô ya bosupa ya molao motheo<ref>http://www.gov.bw/globalassets/moe/acts/chapter-5701-university-of-botswana.pdf</ref> wa Madikolo wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), e ne ele ya sebaka sa dingwaga tse tlhano<ref>https://www.ub.bwnewsdet/nid/4290/Vice-President-Masisi-appointed-UB-Chancellor/</ref>. == Tautona (2018-2024) == Ka kgwedi ya Moranang, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) o ne a ikanisiwa go nna [[:en:President_of_Botswana|tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana]]<ref name=":0" /> wa botlhano, yo mo bogompienong a direlang e le tautona wa [[:en:Republic_of_Botswana|lefatshe la Botswana]].Fa a sena go tlhatlogela kwa maemong a boporesidente, yo o neng a mo eteletse pele Ian Khama o ne a tlogela lekoko le le busang la Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) go ya go tlhoma lekoko la Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF).<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN1SV0GY/ "Former Botswana president quits ruling party in row with ex-ally".] ''Reuters''.</ref>Khama o ne a kgala Masisi ka go tlosa thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou mme a bitsa tshwetso ya gagwe ya go tlhoma Masisi go nna motlhatlhami wa gagwe "phoso".<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/botswanas-former-president-ian-khama-quits-ruling-party-24015747 "Botswana's former president Ian Khama quits ruling party".] ''IOL''. Agence France-Presse. 25 May 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), Masisi o ne a amogela dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo go tswa kwaMadikolo wa Botswana. Batshwaedi bangwe ba kgadile tshwetso e, mme ba bolela fa thulaganyo e e nepagetseng e ne e sa latelwa.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (12 October 2018). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=77954&dir=2018/october/12 "Issues raised about Masisi's honorary doctorate"]. ''Mmegi''. Gaborone.</ref> === Pholisi ya ikonomi === Puso ya ga Masisi e amogetse le go rotloetsa dipholisi tsa ikonomi tse di ikaegileng ka mebaraka, tse di gololesegileng go farologanya ikonomi go tswa mo go ikaegeng ka ditaemane.<ref>[https://country.eiu.com/botswana "Botswana Economy, Politics and GDP Growth Summary - The Economist Intelligence Unit".] ''country.eiu.com''. Retrieved 28 October 2024</ref> Mo pusong ya ga Masisi, naga e ka nna ya tsaya dikgato tsa go somarela madi ka ntlha ya go fokotsega ga ditaemane, e leng thomelontle e kgolo ya Botswana, seelo sa diperesente di le masome a mane le botlhano sa basha ba ba sa direng, le se radipolotiki wa kganetso a se kgadileng jaaka tlhaelo ya ntlha ya tekanyetsokabo ya naga mo dingwageng di le masome a mane.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-vote-masisi-diamonds-c6878e9caaeeb92ea0407c250d619563 "Diamond-rich Botswana holds an election with new economic challenges for a long-ruling party".] ''AP News''. 28 October 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2019 === Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Masisi o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna tautona morago ga gore BDP e lebane le matshosetsi a magolo a kutlwano ya yone mo dingwageng di feta masome a matlhano, morago ga go fudugela ga ga Khama kwa lekokong la kganetso, a latofatsa Masisi ka bobusaesi.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/b7362496-f71a-11e9-9ef3-eca8fc8f2d65 "President Mokgweetsi Masisi holds on to power in Botswana poll"]. ''Financial Times''. London. 25 October 2019.</ref> Mo ditlhophong setshaba tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Masisi o ne a bona bontsi jwa ditlhopho ka 52.65% mme a bona bontsi jwa ditilo mo palamenteng ya setshaba. Ditlhopho tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) di ne tsa ganetsanwa ka tlhoafalo, mme kganetso e kgolo, Umbrella for Democratic Change e ne ya tlhatlhela dikgwetlho tse dintsi kwa kgotlatshekelong e latofatsa ka go sa dire dilo ka tshwanelo le tsietso ya ditlhopho.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-politics-idUSKBN1Y00QO "Botswana opposition challenges election result in court".] ''Reuters''. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2021.</ref>Kgotlatshekelokgolo e ne ya atlhola kgatlhanong le ditatofatso tseno mme ditlhopho di ne tsa tsewa di ikanyega ke balebeledi ba boditšhabatšhaba.<ref>Karrim, Azarrah. [https://www.news24.com/news24/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko".] ''News24''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref>Letsholo la Tebelelo ya Ditlhopho la Kopano ya Aforika (AUEOM) le konoseditse gore ditlhopho di ne di le mo pepeneneng e bile di dirilwe ka kagiso.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/news24/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 Karrim, Azarrah. "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref> Ditlhopho di ne di tsamaisana le mekgwa le maemo a a siameng a boditšhabatšhaba le a kgaolo.<ref>[https://au.int/sites/default/files/documents/38699-doc-report_of_the_african_union_election_observation_mission_to_the_23_october_2019_general_elections_in_the_republic_of_botswana.pdf "African Union Election Observation Mission To The 23 October 2019 General Elections In The Republic Of Botswana"] (PDF). ''au.int''. African Union. November 2019. p.&#x20;22. Retrieved 10 July 2022.</ref> Gareng ga ditsholofetso tsa gagwe tsa ditlhopho, o ne a tshitshinya go tlosa thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou le go dira gore bosodoma e nne bosenyi.<ref>Chutel, Chutel (23 October 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/25/world/africa/botswana-election-mokgweetsi-masisi.html "Botswana Election Won by President, Despite Rift with Predecessor"]. ''New York Times''.</ref>Fa Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana a ne a ikuela kgatlhanong le tshwetso ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng e tlosa go ratana ka bong joe se molato moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, Masisi (Tautona wa nako eo) o ne a bua a ema nokeng taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref name=":4">[https://www.washingtonblade.com/2021/10/18/botswana-attorney-general-seeks-to-recriminalize-homosexuality/ Katlego K Kolanyane-Kesupile (18 October 2021). "Botswana attorney general seeks to recriminalize homosexuality".] ''Washington Blade''. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/6/11/botswanas-high-court-rejects-laws-criminalising-homosexuality "Botswana's High Court rejects laws criminalising homosexuality"]. ''Al Jazeera''. 11 June 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2024 === Mo ditlhophong setshaba tsa gwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), phathi ya Botswana Democratic Party e ne ya latlhegelwa ke bontsi jwa bontsi jwa yone mo palamenteng ya bosetshaba e le lantlha mo ditso tsa lefatshe leno.Rre Masisi o ne a amogela go fenngwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e thola bongwe , mme a solofetsa phetiso ya puso ka kagiso.<ref>Motseta, Sello (1 November 2024). [https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-masisi-concedes-80951b62fdb7169f073c2b13acaff1b6 "Seismic change in Botswana as party that ruled for 58 years loses power".] ''AP News''. Retrieved 1 November 2024</ref>O ne a tlhatlhangwa jaaka Tautona ke [[Duma Boko]]. == Dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki == Rre Masisi o ne a tshwaela gore go tlosiwe thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou le go dira gore go ratana ka bong jo bongwe go se ka gwa nna molato.<ref name=":4" /> Masisi o tshegetsa go tsoma ditlou mo Botswana, mme o dumela gore go letla kgwebisano nngwe ya ditlou go tla letla matlole a mantsi a maiteko a tshomarelo le tshireletso. Ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), o ne a naya baeteledipele ba bomafatshe ba [[Namibia,]] [[Zambia]] le [[Zimbabwe]] mantle a a dirilweng ka dinao tsa tlou, e leng kgato e e neng ya kgalwa ke metswedi ya dikgang ya mafatshefatshe.[37][38][39] Masisi o ne a busetsa morago thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou e e neng e beilwe ke moeteledipele wa gagwe, mme a tlosa pholisi ya Botswana ya "Shoot to Kill" e e kgatlhanong le go tsoma ditlou.<ref>O'Grady, Siobhán (23 May 2019). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/23/botswana-overturns-ban-elephant-hunting/ Botswana overturns ban on elephant hunting".] ''The Washington Post''.</ref> == Botshelo jwa lelwapa == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002) Masisi o ne a nyala Neo Maswabi yo e neng e le mmalamatlotlo yo morago a neng a direla lekgotla la Ditšhabakopano kwa New York le kwa Addis Ababa. Ba na le morwadi.<ref>[https://www.uneca.org/sites/default/files/uploaded-documents/Staff_Union/Staff_Voice/uneca-staff-voice_issue12.pdf Staff corner - Profile"] (PDF). ''UN Staff Voice''. No.&#x20;6. June 2018. pp.&#x20;36–39. Retrieved 9 August 2019.</ref> Masisi ka puo ya tlwaelo o bidiwa "Sisiboy" mo bathong, motshameko wa mafoko ka leina la lelapa la gagwe.<ref>Morton, Barry (6 November 2019). [https://theconversation.com/how-masisi-outsmarted-khama-to-take-the-reins-in-botswana-126150 "How Masisi outsmarted Khama to take the reins in Botswana".] ''The Conversation''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Di linki tse di kwa ntle == * Government of Botswana.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200609211710/https://internationaldataweek.org/his-excellency-president-dr-mokgweetsi-eric-keabetswe-masisi "His Excellency President Dr. Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi"]. ''International Data Week''. {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |'''Diofisi tsa politiki''' |- |A eteletswe pele ke Ponatshego Kedikilwe |Mothusa tautona wa Botswana |A setswe morago ke Slumber tsogwane |- |A eteletswe pele ke Ian Khama |Tautona wa Botswana |A setswe morago ke Duma Boko |} [[Karolo:Matsalo a 1961]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana Democratic Party]] [[Karolo:Barutabana ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dialogane tsa Florida State University]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Botautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dialogane tsa Unibesithi ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Bathusa tautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Moshupa]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a dingwaga tse di kete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:BoTautona ba Botswana]] grr9gga13lq2gmym0b8acfjmcktsdfu 52424 52423 2026-07-14T06:28:16Z Lucrucia98 12161 52424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Mokgweetsi Masisi May 2023.jpg|name=Mokgweetsi Masisi|caption=Masisi in 2023|order=5th|office=Tautona wa Botswana|country2=Botswana|predecessor=[[Ian Khama]]|term_start=1 April 2018|term_end=1 November 2024|successor=[[Duma Boko]]|vicepresident15=[[Slumber Tsogwane]]|birth_name=Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1961|07|21}}|birth_place=[[Moshupa]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate|Bechuanaland]]<br />(now [[Botswana]])}} '''Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi''' ([[:en:Help:IPA/English|/mɔːkˈweɪtsi/]] (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bonngwe (1961) ke mopolotiki wa Botswana yo o dirileng jaaka [[Tautona wa Botswana|tautona wa botlhano wa lefatshe la Botswana]] go simolola ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018 )go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024)<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ "Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The M&G Online''. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.dw.com/en/botswana-mokgweetsi-masisi-takes-over-presidency-amid-opposition-resurgence/a-43206610 "Botswana: Mokgweetsi Masisi takes over presidency amid opposition resurgence".] ''Deutsche Welle''. 31 March 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20180401-botswana-inaugurates-new-president-masisi-smooth-handover "Botswana inaugurates new president Masisi in smooth handover".] ''France 24''. 1 April 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref>. O setse a kile a dira e le tona wa thuto ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), mme a dira gape e le tona wa tsa bodiredi mo ofising ya ga tautona le tsa merafe go simolola ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). O ne a tlhophiwa lantlha go ya palamêntêng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009). Kwa tshimologong o ne a na le kamano e e siameng leTautona wa maloba [[Ian Khama]], yo o neng a tlhoma Masisi go nna motlatsa moporesidente, ba babedi bano ba ne ba thulana morago ga moo ka ntlha ya thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou, mme Khama o ne a latofatsa Masisi ka go re o "kgapa batho ba ba sa dumalaneng le ene". Fa ba ne ba simolola go busa mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), baganetsi ba ne ba re go na le tlolomolao le tsietso ya ditlhopho. Le fa go ntse jalo, mokgatlho wa African Union o ne wa bega gore ditlhopho di ne di tshwerwe ka tsela e e phepa e bile di tsamaisana le melao ya mafatshefatshe. Puso ya gagwe e ne ya okamela tsela e naga e tsibogelang leroborobo la [[COVID-19]] ka yone. Mo gare ga leroborobo, Masisi o ne a busa ka molao go tloga ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021(, le fa a ne a ganediwa ke setšhaba le makoko a kganetso. == Botshelô le dithuto == Rre Mokgweetsi Masisi ke morwa wa ga [[:en:Edison_Masisi|Edson Masisi]](yo tshotsweg ka gwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923) a bo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003), yo o neng e le leloko la palamêntê kwa motseng wa [[Moshupa]].<ref name=":1">[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020</ref> Rre Masisi o goletse mo torôpôkgôlô [[Gaborone]], a tsena sekolo se se botlana kwa Thornhill Primary School mme a ya go tsweledisa see segolwane kwa [[Maru a Pula School|Maru A Pula Schoo]]<nowiki/>l.<ref name=":1" /> Kwa sekolong o ne a tsenelela dikgaisano tsa kgwele ya dinao le thênêsê, mme kwa bofelong a felela a kgatlhêgela tsa kgatô. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) o ne a akgolelwa kêtêlêlo pele ya gagwe ya tlhamô ya mo Gaborone ya Cry the Beloved Country, mme a galaletswa ke Alan Paton ka tiragatsô ya gagwe. Fa go tswêlêtswêle ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) o ne a nna moanêlwamogolo wa go dira le metshamekô, mme gape a nna karolô ya di filimi tsa South Africa B-Movies. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) Rre Masisi o ne a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa social studies dingwaga di le mmalwa morago fa a sena go aloga kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|mmadikolong wa Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) mo go tsa Sekgowa le Ditsô. Mme a tswelela ka go ya go ruta kwa sekolong se se golwane sa Mmanaana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) mo motsaneng wa Moshupa pele fa a simolola le mmadikolo wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa (1987) e le moitseanape wa tsa kgolô ya dithutô tsa sekolo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250605063938/https://www.weforum.org/people/mokgweetsi-eric-keabetswe-masisi/ "Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi"]. ''World Economic Forum''. Archived from the original on 5 June 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989) o ne a ya kwa [[:en:Florida_State_University|Florida State University]] <ref>[https://news.fsu.edu/news/university-news/2018/09/20/florida-state-welcomes-president-of-botswana-for-official-visit/ "Florida State welcomes president of Botswana for official visit".] ''Florida State University News''. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020</ref>go ithutela bonkge jwa digerata tsa Thutô, mme morago a thapiwa ke [[:en:UNICEF|UNICEF]] mo Botswana<ref name=":2">[https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-43611238 "Botswana : investiture du nouveau président"]. ''BBC News Afrique'' (in French). 1 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref>.Ka sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), o ne a bona dikirii ya morago ga kalogo ya Ikonomi le Pholisi ya Loago kwa Yunibesithing ya Manchester, kwa e neng e le moithuti wa Chevening gone.<ref name=":2" /> == Tiro == Rre Masisi o ne a seka a bona tlhôphô ya [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) go emela kgaolô ya botlhophi mo [[:en:Moshupa|Moshupa]] ka di [[:en:Botswana_general_election,_2004|ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa )dikete tse pedi le bone (2004]]. <ref name=":3">[http://weekendpost.co.bw/wp-column-details.php?col_id=707 "Weekend Post :: The making of a president: HH Mokgweetsi Masisi".] ''weekendpost.co.bw''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a tsaya tlhôphô ya BDP pele ga [[:en:Botswana_general_election,_2009|ditlhôphô tsa ngwaga wa 2009]] mme a fenya setilô. Mme ka bofefo o ne a tlhôphiwa go nna mothusa tona wa tsa bodiredi kwa ofising ya ga tautona le bodiredi jwa tsa merafe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009)<ref name=":3" />. Moragonyana ga ngwaga e le mothusa tona wa tsa bodiredi jwa ofisi ya ga tautona le tsa merafe ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011).<ref name=":0" /> Rre Masisi o ne a nna tona wa thutô le tlhabololô ya tsa boitseanape a tshwareletse ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014); o ne a tlhôphiwa gape mo setilông sa palamêntê ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesoe le bone (2014),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180401113831/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-04/01/c_137081027.htm "Profile: Botswana's new president Mokgweetsi Masisi - Xinhua | English.news.cn".] ''www.xinhuanet.com''. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> mme a thapiwa go nna tona wa thutô le tlhabololô ya tsa boitseanape ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi , ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).Rre Masisi o ne a thapiwa ke moetêlêdipele [[:en:Ian_Khama|Ian Khama]] go nna mothusa tautona wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014)fa a santse a tshwareletse e le tona wa tsa Thutô.<ref>[http://www.weekendpost.co.bw/wp-column-details.php?col_id=22 "Weekend Post :: Bolope (bootlicking) has paid for Masisi!".] ''www.weekendpost.co.bw''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> Tautona wa pele Rre Khama o ne a thapa Rre Masisi go nna tonakgolo wa mmadikolo wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017).Tlhôphô e, e ne e ikaegile ka karolô ya bosupa ya molao motheo<ref>http://www.gov.bw/globalassets/moe/acts/chapter-5701-university-of-botswana.pdf</ref> wa Madikolo wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), e ne ele ya sebaka sa dingwaga tse tlhano<ref>https://www.ub.bwnewsdet/nid/4290/Vice-President-Masisi-appointed-UB-Chancellor/</ref>. == Tautona (2018-2024) == Ka kgwedi ya Moranang, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) o ne a ikanisiwa go nna [[:en:President_of_Botswana|tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana]]<ref name=":0" /> wa botlhano, yo mo bogompienong a direlang e le tautona wa [[:en:Republic_of_Botswana|lefatshe la Botswana]].Fa a sena go tlhatlogela kwa maemong a boporesidente, yo o neng a mo eteletse pele Ian Khama o ne a tlogela lekoko le le busang la Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) go ya go tlhoma lekoko la Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF).<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN1SV0GY/ "Former Botswana president quits ruling party in row with ex-ally".] ''Reuters''.</ref>Khama o ne a kgala Masisi ka go tlosa thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou mme a bitsa tshwetso ya gagwe ya go tlhoma Masisi go nna motlhatlhami wa gagwe "phoso".<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/botswanas-former-president-ian-khama-quits-ruling-party-24015747 "Botswana's former president Ian Khama quits ruling party".] ''IOL''. Agence France-Presse. 25 May 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), Masisi o ne a amogela dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo go tswa kwaMadikolo wa Botswana. Batshwaedi bangwe ba kgadile tshwetso e, mme ba bolela fa thulaganyo e e nepagetseng e ne e sa latelwa.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (12 October 2018). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=77954&dir=2018/october/12 "Issues raised about Masisi's honorary doctorate"]. ''Mmegi''. Gaborone.</ref> === Pholisi ya ikonomi === Puso ya ga Masisi e amogetse le go rotloetsa dipholisi tsa ikonomi tse di ikaegileng ka mebaraka, tse di gololesegileng go farologanya ikonomi go tswa mo go ikaegeng ka ditaemane.<ref>[https://country.eiu.com/botswana "Botswana Economy, Politics and GDP Growth Summary - The Economist Intelligence Unit".] ''country.eiu.com''. Retrieved 28 October 2024</ref> Mo pusong ya ga Masisi, naga e ka nna ya tsaya dikgato tsa go somarela madi ka ntlha ya go fokotsega ga ditaemane, e leng thomelontle e kgolo ya Botswana, seelo sa diperesente di le masome a mane le botlhano sa basha ba ba sa direng, le se radipolotiki wa kganetso a se kgadileng jaaka tlhaelo ya ntlha ya tekanyetsokabo ya naga mo dingwageng di le masome a mane.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-vote-masisi-diamonds-c6878e9caaeeb92ea0407c250d619563 "Diamond-rich Botswana holds an election with new economic challenges for a long-ruling party".] ''AP News''. 28 October 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2019 === Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Masisi o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna tautona morago ga gore BDP e lebane le matshosetsi a magolo a kutlwano ya yone mo dingwageng di feta masome a matlhano, morago ga go fudugela ga ga Khama kwa lekokong la kganetso, a latofatsa Masisi ka bobusaesi.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/b7362496-f71a-11e9-9ef3-eca8fc8f2d65 "President Mokgweetsi Masisi holds on to power in Botswana poll"]. ''Financial Times''. London. 25 October 2019.</ref> Mo ditlhophong setshaba tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Masisi o ne a bona bontsi jwa ditlhopho ka 52.65% mme a bona bontsi jwa ditilo mo palamenteng ya setshaba. Ditlhopho tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) di ne tsa ganetsanwa ka tlhoafalo, mme kganetso e kgolo, Umbrella for Democratic Change e ne ya tlhatlhela dikgwetlho tse dintsi kwa kgotlatshekelong e latofatsa ka go sa dire dilo ka tshwanelo le tsietso ya ditlhopho.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-politics-idUSKBN1Y00QO "Botswana opposition challenges election result in court".] ''Reuters''. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2021.</ref>Kgotlatshekelokgolo e ne ya atlhola kgatlhanong le ditatofatso tseno mme ditlhopho di ne tsa tsewa di ikanyega ke balebeledi ba boditšhabatšhaba.<ref>Karrim, Azarrah. [https://www.news24.com/news24/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko".] ''News24''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref>Letsholo la Tebelelo ya Ditlhopho la Kopano ya Aforika (AUEOM) le konoseditse gore ditlhopho di ne di le mo pepeneneng e bile di dirilwe ka kagiso.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/news24/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 Karrim, Azarrah. "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref> Ditlhopho di ne di tsamaisana le mekgwa le maemo a a siameng a boditšhabatšhaba le a kgaolo.<ref>[https://au.int/sites/default/files/documents/38699-doc-report_of_the_african_union_election_observation_mission_to_the_23_october_2019_general_elections_in_the_republic_of_botswana.pdf "African Union Election Observation Mission To The 23 October 2019 General Elections In The Republic Of Botswana"] (PDF). ''au.int''. African Union. November 2019. p.&#x20;22. Retrieved 10 July 2022.</ref> Gareng ga ditsholofetso tsa gagwe tsa ditlhopho, o ne a tshitshinya go tlosa thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou le go dira gore bosodoma e nne bosenyi.<ref>Chutel, Chutel (23 October 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/25/world/africa/botswana-election-mokgweetsi-masisi.html "Botswana Election Won by President, Despite Rift with Predecessor"]. ''New York Times''.</ref>Fa Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana a ne a ikuela kgatlhanong le tshwetso ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng e tlosa go ratana ka bong joe se molato moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, Masisi (Tautona wa nako eo) o ne a bua a ema nokeng taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref name=":4">[https://www.washingtonblade.com/2021/10/18/botswana-attorney-general-seeks-to-recriminalize-homosexuality/ Katlego K Kolanyane-Kesupile (18 October 2021). "Botswana attorney general seeks to recriminalize homosexuality".] ''Washington Blade''. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/6/11/botswanas-high-court-rejects-laws-criminalising-homosexuality "Botswana's High Court rejects laws criminalising homosexuality"]. ''Al Jazeera''. 11 June 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2024 === Mo ditlhophong setshaba tsa gwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), phathi ya Botswana Democratic Party e ne ya latlhegelwa ke bontsi jwa bontsi jwa yone mo palamenteng ya bosetshaba e le lantlha mo ditso tsa lefatshe leno.Rre Masisi o ne a amogela go fenngwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e thola bongwe , mme a solofetsa phetiso ya puso ka kagiso.<ref>Motseta, Sello (1 November 2024). [https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-masisi-concedes-80951b62fdb7169f073c2b13acaff1b6 "Seismic change in Botswana as party that ruled for 58 years loses power".] ''AP News''. Retrieved 1 November 2024</ref>O ne a tlhatlhangwa jaaka Tautona ke [[Duma Boko]]. == Dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki == Rre Masisi o ne a tshwaela gore go tlosiwe thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou le go dira gore go ratana ka bong jo bongwe go se ka gwa nna molato.<ref name=":4" /> Masisi o tshegetsa go tsoma ditlou mo Botswana, mme o dumela gore go letla kgwebisano nngwe ya ditlou go tla letla matlole a mantsi a maiteko a tshomarelo le tshireletso. Ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), o ne a naya baeteledipele ba bomafatshe ba [[Namibia,]] [[Zambia]] le [[Zimbabwe]] mantle a a dirilweng ka dinao tsa tlou, e leng kgato e e neng ya kgalwa ke metswedi ya dikgang ya mafatshefatshe.[37][38][39] Masisi o ne a busetsa morago thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou e e neng e beilwe ke moeteledipele wa gagwe, mme a tlosa pholisi ya Botswana ya "Shoot to Kill" e e kgatlhanong le go tsoma ditlou.<ref>O'Grady, Siobhán (23 May 2019). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/23/botswana-overturns-ban-elephant-hunting/ Botswana overturns ban on elephant hunting".] ''The Washington Post''.</ref> == Botshelo jwa lelwapa == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002) Masisi o ne a nyala Neo Maswabi yo e neng e le mmalamatlotlo yo morago a neng a direla lekgotla la Ditšhabakopano kwa New York le kwa Addis Ababa. Ba na le morwadi.<ref>[https://www.uneca.org/sites/default/files/uploaded-documents/Staff_Union/Staff_Voice/uneca-staff-voice_issue12.pdf Staff corner - Profile"] (PDF). ''UN Staff Voice''. No.&#x20;6. June 2018. pp.&#x20;36–39. Retrieved 9 August 2019.</ref> Masisi ka puo ya tlwaelo o bidiwa "Sisiboy" mo bathong, motshameko wa mafoko ka leina la lelapa la gagwe.<ref>Morton, Barry (6 November 2019). [https://theconversation.com/how-masisi-outsmarted-khama-to-take-the-reins-in-botswana-126150 "How Masisi outsmarted Khama to take the reins in Botswana".] ''The Conversation''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Di linki tse di kwa ntle == * Government of Botswana.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200609211710/https://internationaldataweek.org/his-excellency-president-dr-mokgweetsi-eric-keabetswe-masisi "His Excellency President Dr. Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi"]. ''International Data Week''. {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |'''Diofisi tsa politiki''' |- |A eteletswe pele ke Ponatshego Kedikilwe |Mothusa tautona wa Botswana |A setswe morago ke Slumber tsogwane |- |A eteletswe pele ke Ian Khama |Tautona wa Botswana |A setswe morago ke Duma Boko |} [[Karolo:Matsalo a 1961]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana Democratic Party]] [[Karolo:Barutabana ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dialogane tsa Florida State University]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Botautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dialogane tsa Unibesithi ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Bathusa tautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Moshupa]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a dingwaga tse di kete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:BoTautona ba Botswana]] 9uq34938qmbe6dhvi3zchsj5cm47ig0 0 7256 52442 38675 2026-07-14T09:32:20Z MmaBaggio 11091 52442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Dumelang Saleshando | office1 = [[Leader of the Opposition]] of Botswana | term_start1 = 5 November 2019 | term_end1 = | predecessor1 = [[Duma Boko]] | office2 = Vice-president of [[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] | predecessor2 = Sidney Pilane | office3 = Leader of [[Botswana Congress Party|BCP]] | order = | image = | predecessor3 = Gilson Saleshando | successor = | footnotes = | signature = | signature_alt = | party = [[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] | birth_date = 13 September 1971 | birth_place = | nationality = [[Botswana|Motswana]] | spouse = Dineo Saleshando | relations = | children = | parents = | residence = | alma_mater = | profession = | website = | term_start = | term_end = }} '''Dumelang Saleshando''' ke mopolotiki yo o tswang kwa lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] yo e leng [[BCP|Moeteledipele wa Kganetso]] ya ko lefatsheng la Botswana. == Botshelo jwa gagwe le thuto == Saleshando o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le lesome le boraro,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe, ke ngwana wa bothano mo barweng ba ga Rre Gilson Saleshando,o a neng ele mopolotiki, le Keatlaretse Rre Dolly Saleshando yo eneng ele، mooki.<ref name="Eyes">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=46914|publisher=Mmegi Online|title=Dumelang through the eyes of acquaintances|first=Ntibinyane|last=Ntibinyane|date=23 October 2014|access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref> O tsene dile malwa nyana, a golela kwa [[Kanye]], [[Lobatse]], [[Selebi-Phikwe]]<ref name="Eyes" /> gape a golela mo Kerekeng ya Seventh-day Adventist. O feditse dithuto tsa gagwe kwa St Joseph's College, koo a neng a nna leloko la Botswana Socialist Youth, pele ga a ikwadisa mo dikirii ya itsholelo le maranyane a sepolotiki kwa [[University ya Botswana|Yunibesithing ya Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi.<ref name="Eyes" /><ref name="Day">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=6&aid=142&dir=2011/April/Friday8|title=A day with Dumpling|publisher=Mmegi Online|first=Ndaba|last=Nkomo|date=9 April 2011|access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Rre Saleshando o nyetse Mme Dineo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ba na le barwa ba le babedi le morwadi a le mongwe. Ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane Loago Saleshando ke ngwana yo o tlwaelegileng yo o tshamekang tenese mme o tsewa e le mongwe wa batshameki ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba Botswana.<ref name="Day">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=6&aid=142&dir=2011/April/Friday8|title=A day with Dumpling|publisher=Mmegi Online|first=Ndaba|last=Nkomo|date=9 April 2011|access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="Eyes">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=46914|publisher=Mmegi Online|title=Dumelang through the eyes of acquaintances|first=Ntibinyane|last=Ntibinyane|date=23 October 2014|access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref> == Tiro == Morago ga dithuto tse dikgolwane, Saleshando o ne a tsena mo First National Bank Botswana jaaka motsamaisi yo o thapilweng mme o ne a ntshiwa ka bonako ka ntlha ya go senola molaetsa ka ga madi a lekoko le le busang.<ref name="Eyes">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=46914|publisher=Mmegi Online|title=Dumelang through the eyes of acquaintances|first=Ntibinyane|last=Ntibinyane|date=23 October 2014|access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa wa dikete tse pedi le boraro , Saleshando o ne a simolola letsholo la go batla setilo sa palamente sa Gaborone Central mo toropokgolo Gaborone. Setilo se ne se tshwerwe pele ke Michael Dingake, yo e kileng ya bo e le moeteledipele wa Botswana Congress Party. Saleshando o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la palamente ya Gaborone Central morago ga go fenya Dr [[Margaret Nasha]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone .<ref name="Eyes" /> O ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna Leloko la Palamente mo kgaolong e e neng ele mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe mme a tlhophiwe go nna Tautona wa lekoko a sa ganediwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome, morago ga gore rraagwe, Gilson Saleshando a tlogele go nna moeteledipele wa lekoko. Pele ga a tsaya maemo a boeteledipele jwa BCP, o ne a direla mo Komiting ya Bogare ya lekoko ele Mokwaledi wa Tshedimosetso le Papatso. Rraagwe kwa tshimologong o ne a le kgatlhanong le gofenywa ke morwawe, a go sepe se se neng se siame batho ba le bantsi ba dumela gore phathi e ne e laolwa ke losika lwa segosi. O ne a tlogela fa batho ba le mmalwa mo phathi ba ne ba tshegetsa Saleshando yo mmotlana go tsaya maemo.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Africa Yearbook Volume 7: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2010|page=448|first1=Andreas|last1=Mehler|first2=Henning|last2=Melber|first3=Klaas|last3=Walraven|year=2011|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004205567|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-a7fOs19r9IC}}</ref> O ne a fenngwa mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone ke Phenyo Butale wa [[Phuthego ya Botswana Movement for Democracy|mokgatlho]] o o kopaneng wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] ka fa tlase ga [[Botswana Movement for Democracy]]. == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Bapolotiki wa Botswana]] dga09wc6iax3w9f66hxvh1n1v1y78tn 0 8304 52446 47906 2026-07-14T10:10:36Z MmaBaggio 11091 52446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] elcv5d7pd2j8ay46z7qe23v2ybsib8r 0 8419 52456 47394 2026-07-14T11:28:15Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW Ke baakantse tsebe ya Bogolo Kenewendo 52456 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bogolo Joy Kenewendo''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa1) ke moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo le wa dipolotiki wa [[Motswana]]. O direla jaaka Leloko la Palamente le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng mo Palamenteng ya Botswana go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , ke Tona ya Diminerale le Maatla mo pusong ya ga jaana morago ga go direla jaaka Tona ya Kabinete ya Matsete, Kgwebisano le Madirelo a Botswana ka fa tlase ga Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]. <ref>Botswana Daily News (5 April 2018). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201804050942.html "Botswana: New Botswana Cabinet Appointments".] ''Botswana Daily News via [[:en:AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica.com]]''[[:en:AllAfrica.com|.]] Gaborone. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref><ref>Daniel Mumbere (5 April 2018). [http://www.africanews.com/2018/04/06/botswana-s-30-year-old-minister-becomes-internet-sensation-across-africa// "Botswana's 30 year old minister becomes internet sensation across Africa"]. Africanews.com. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> <ref name=":0">[https://35.chevening.org/changemakers/bogolo-kenewendo/ "Bogolo Kenewendo | Chevening".] Retrieved 21 September 2022.</ref>Morago ga go tlosiwa mo kabineteng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe o ne a dira jaaka motsamaisi wa Kenewendo Advisory, e e leng kwa Gaborone, Botswana. <ref>Centre for Global Development (11 April 2021). [https://www.cgdev.org/expert/bogolo-j-kenewendo "Biography of Bogolo J. Kenewendo: Non-Resident Fellow".] Washington, DC: [[:en:Center_for_Global_Development|Center for Global Development.]] Retrieved 11 April 2021.</ref> O eteletse pele Molaya Kgosi Women Leadership and Mentorship Program mme gape ke Modulasetulo wa Lekgotla la Molaya Kgosi Trust. <ref>[http://molayakgosi.weebly.com/team.html "Team"]. ''Molaya Kgosi Leadership & Mentorship Program''. Retrieved 26 May 2022.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Ene yare ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi Kenewendo a tlhomiwa go nna mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa [https://climatechampions.unfccc.int/bogolo-kenewendo-named-as-climate-champions-africa-director/ Climate Champions]. <ref>Owen-Burge, Charlotte (17 June 2022). [https://climatechampions.unfccc.int/bogolo-kenewendo-named-as-climate-champions-africa-director/ "Bogolo Kenewendo named as Climate Champions' Special Advisor, Africa Director"]. ''Climate Champions''. Retrieved 21 September 2022.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Bogolo Joy Kenewendo 1.jpg|left|thumb|544x544px|Bogolo Kenewendo]] == Bomorago le Thutego == Kenewendo o tsholetswe ko motseng wa Motopi mo kgaolong ya Boteti mo Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa. Morago ga go Bachelor of Arts in Economicsdira dithuto tse di potlana o ne a tsweledisa ko [[:en:Pitzer_College|Pitzer College]]. o ne a tswaledisa ko [[:en:University_of_Botswana|Unibesithi ya Botswana]] mme aloga ka Bachelor of Arts in Economics.Moragonyana, o ne a bona dikirii ya Master of Science mo go tsa Ikonomi ya Boditšhabatšhaba kwa Yunibesithing ya Sussex kwa United Kingdom. Gape ke motsamaisi wa porojeke yo o netefaditsweng. <ref>Celeb News (6 April 2018). [http://www.botswanayouth.com/wcw-10-things-you-didnt-know-about-bogolo-kenewendo/ "WCW: 10 Things You Didn't Know About Bogolo Kenewendo"]. Gaborone: Botswanayouth.com. Retrieved 2 November 2016.</ref>O ne a amogela katiso ya Economic Freedom Philosophy go tswa go Foundation for Economic Education.<ref name=":1">Bloomberg L.P. (5 April 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803220704/https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=215803784&privcapId=212542444&previousCapId=212542444&previousTitle=Econsult%20Botswana%20(Pty)%20Ltd. "Executive Profile: Bogolo Kenewendo".] [[:en:Bloomberg_L.P.|Bloomberg Research.]] Archived from [https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=215803784&privcapId=212542444&previousCapId=212542444&previousTitle=Econsult%20Botswana%20(Pty)%20Ltd. the original] on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> == Tiro pele ga dipolotiki == Morago ga dithuto tsa gagwe tsa morago ga dikirii kwa Yunibesithing ya Sussex kwa United Kingdom jaaka Chevening Scholar, a bona MSc International Economics, Kenewendo o ne a dira jaaka moruo wa kgwebo ODI Fellow kwa Lefapheng la Kgwebo le Madirelo la Ghana. O ne gape a dira jaaka mogakolodi wa ikonomi kwa Econsult Botswana, e leng think tank ya kwa Gaborone.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Mlambo, Nontobeko (6 April 2018). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201804060524.html "Botswana: Meet Botswana's Youngest Minister, Bogolo Kenewendo"]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica.com]]. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le le lesome le borataro, Tautona wa Botswana ka nako eo, Ian Khama, o ne a thapa Kenewendo go nna leloko la Palamente ya Botswana, kwa a neng a tlhophiwa jaaka moemedi wa moporesidente go nna leloko la palamente. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le nne,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Tautona yo mošwa, Mokgweetsi Masisi, o ne a thapa Kenewendo jaaka Tona e ntšhwa ya Dipeeletso, Kgwebisano le Madirelo. O ne a ikana ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Mo maemong a gagwe jaaka tona, Kenewendo o ne a tlhophiwa ke Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng António Guterres ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi go ya High-level Panel on Digital Cooperation, e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Melinda Gates le Jack Ma. <ref>[https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2018-07-12/secretary-generals-high-level-panel-digital-cooperation Secretary-General's High-level Panel on Digital Cooperation] United Nations, press release of 12 July 2018.</ref>Jaaka Tona ya Dipeeletso, Kgwebisano le Madirelo kwa Botswana, o ne a tsenya tirisong diphetogo go tokafatsa bonolo jwa go dira kgwebo, go bula mebaraka ya selegae le ya boditšhabatšhaba, le go baya lefatshe mo maemong a go atlega mo diketaneng tsa boleng jwa lefatshe mmogo le itsholelo ya dijithale. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo maemong ao, e ne e le Tona ya Kabinete e e neng e le mmotlana mo Afrika le mo hisetoring ya Botswana. <ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.18356/3cb1bf5d-en "Youthful minister opening doors for women and girls".] ''Africa Renewal''. '''33''' (1): 8. 3 June 2019. doi[[doi:10.18356/3cb1bf5d-en|:10.18356/3cb1bf5d-en.]] ISSN&#x20;2517-9829. S2CID&#x20;199861164</ref> Kenewendo o ne a kaiwa jaaka mongwe wa batho ba le lekgolo ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso go gaisa mo Afrika ke makasine wa New African ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi .<ref>[https://ladybrille.com/new-african-100/ "New African releases its list of 100 Most influential Africans".] ''Ladybrille Magazine''. 30 November 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2021.</ref> Fa United Kingdom e ne e tsaya botsamaisi jwa G7 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome amabedi le bongwe, Kenewendo o ne a tlhophiwa ke Tona ya Basadi le Tekatekano ya lefatshe, Liz Truss, go nna leloko la Gender Equality Advisory Council (GEAC) e e neng e sa tswa go tlhomiwa e eteletswe pele ke Sarah Sands. <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/news/g7-gender-equality-advisory-council-membership-announced G7 Gender Equality Advisory Council membership announced] [[:en:Government_of_the_United_Kingdom|Government of the United Kingdom,]] press release of April 9, 2021.</ref> Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone o ne wa fetola botshelo jwa ga Kenewendo le jwa Botswana ka gore o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Leloko la Palamente ka fa tlase ga puso e ntšhwa, mme a ikana jaaka Tona ya Ditsa mmung.<ref>BellaNaija.com (16 July 2025). [https://www.bellanaija.com/2025/07/bogolo-joy-kenewendo-botswana-minister/ "Meet Bogolo Joy Kenewendo: Botswana's Trailblazing Minister Shaping Trade, Energy & Africa's Future".] ''BellaNaija.com''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 10 September 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Mo nakong ya gagwe ya go ikhutsa, Kenewendo o a tlhatlhanya, a tsaya maeto le go bala.<ref name=":2" /> == Metswedi == qvm7s2kyp941evtk2egdfiktuwxhzsw 0 8812 52395 52364 2026-07-13T12:01:15Z MmaBaggio 11091 52395 wikitext text/x-wiki == Motheo == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi(2020),ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, lekgotla la botsogo la mafatshefatshe la [[:en:World_Health_Organization|World Health Organization (WHO)]] le ne la tlhomamisa gore mogare wa [[:en:Novel_coronavirus|corona]] ke one o bakang bolwetsi jwa makgwafo jo bo neng bo bonwe mo setlhopheng sa batho kwa toropong ya [[:en:Wuhan|Wuhan]], kwa kgaolong ya [[:en:Hubei|Hubei]], kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:China|China]],mme bo begetswe WHO ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019).<ref>Elsevier. [https://beta.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center?trial=true "Novel Coronavirus Information Center".] ''Elsevier Connect''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171622/https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center Archived] from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</ref><ref>Reynolds, Matt (4 March 2020). [https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus "What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?".] ''Wired UK''. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1357-0978 1357-0978.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20200305104806/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus Archived] from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.</ref> Dipalo tsa batho ba ba tlhokafetseng ka ntlha ya COVID-19 di ko tlase fa di tshwantshanngwa le tsa [[:en:SARS|SARS ka 2003]], <ref name=":0">[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/ "Crunching the numbers for coronavirus"]. ''Imperial News''. 13 March 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200319084913/https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/ Archived] from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid "High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England".] ''GOV.UK''. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.</ref> mme fela [[:en:Transmission_(medicine)|tsamaiso]] e nnile kgolo thata, ka palo yotlhe e e kwa godimo ya dintsho. <ref>"[https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus".] ''www.wfsahq.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200312233527/https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus Archived] from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</ref><ref name=":0" />Dikitsiso tse di ikaegileng ka dikaelo tsa Botswana di supa gore [[:en:Confidence_interval|sekgala sa go]] [[:en:Confidence_interval|boikanyo]] sa karolo ya masome a borobabongwe le botlhano mo lekgolong sa [[:en:Basic_reproduction_number#Effective_reproduction_number|palo ya]] [[:en:Basic_reproduction_number#Effective_reproduction_number|go tsalana ga bolwetse e e farologaneng ka nako]] ya ''R _t'' se ne se le kwa tlase ga bongwe mo sephatlong sa bobedi sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le motso (2021).<ref>''Future scenarios of the healthcare burden of COVID-19 in low- or middle-income countries'', [[:en:MRC_Centre_for_Global_Infectious_Disease_Analysis|MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis]] at [[:en:Imperial_College_London|Imperial College London.]]</ref> == Go tlhomagana ga ditiragalo == === Kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi === Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le malatsi a le masome a mararo, go ne ga tlhomamisiwa fa batho ba le bararo ba fitlhetswe ka mogare o mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/the-star/news/botswana-registers-first-covid-19-cases-as-three-people-test-positive-45797335 "Botswana registers first Covid-19 cases as three people test positive"]. ''www.iol.co.za''. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano, mme wa dingwaga tse di masome a supa le borobabobedi o neng a belaelwa a na le mogare wa COVID-19, o ne a tlhokafala kwa [[Ramotswa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230412070151/https://www.sundaystandard.info/mystery-over-botswanas-covid-19-patient-zero-deepens/ "Mystery over Botswana's COVID-19 "Patient Zero" deepens".] ''Sunday Standard''. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.</ref> Malatsi a le mmalwa morago ga loso lwa gagwe, maduo a ne a boa a supa fa ka nnete a ne a na le mogare oo, mme se sa tsisa palo ya batho ba ba tshwereng ka mogare kwa go bone mo Botswana. Mo pegong e e neng e gasiwa ka tlhamalalo mo telebishining ya [[Botswana TV|BTV]] mothusa tautona [[:en:Slumber_Tsogwane|Slumber Tsogwane]] o ne a bolela fa ditlhopha tse di latedisang bolwetsi di lemogile fa batho ba le lesome le bone ba amane le o o tlhokafetseng ka jalo ba tlhatlhobilwe. Maduo a ba ba neng ba amane le moswi a ne a bolelwa ke tona wa botsogo wa nako e o [[:en:Lemogang_Kwape|Dr. Lemogang Kwape]] o neng e le ene gape a begileng boraro jwa ntlha bo tshwarwa ka mogare. Kwa mafelong a kgwedi, palo ya dintsho e ne e le bongwe, palo ya ba ba fitlhetsweng ka mogare e le bone, mme ba ba neng bolwetsi bo santse bo le mo go bone ba ne ba le bararo. === Kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi === Go ne ga tlhatlhobiwa batho ba bangwe ba le babedi morago ga beke tse pedi, mme ka Moranang a le lesome le boferabongwe Dr. Kwape a bega fa go na le batho ba le batlhano ba ba tshwerweng ka bolwetsi, ba le babedi ba ne ba tswa kwa [[:en:United_Kingdom|United Kingdom]], fa ba le bararo ba tsere bolwetsi mo gae, se sa tsisa dipalo tsa ba ba tsereng bolwetsi mo gae kwa boratarong. Ka Moranang a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, batho ba le babedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ka bolwetsi kwa kgaolong ya [[:en:Metsimotlhabe|Metsimotlhabe]]-[[Molepolole|Molepolole,]] se sa tsisa dipalo kwa go masome a mabedi le bobedi. Bobedi jo bo ne bo tsere bolwetsi mo gae, ka jalo dipalo tsa mo gae di oketsega go nna boferabobedi ka nako e o. <ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202004230132.html "Botswana records two more COVID-19 cases".] ''allAfrica.com''. 22 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.</ref>Ka Moranang a le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi, go ne ga nna le motho o mongwe gape o o tsereng bolwetsi mo gae. Go ya ka lephata la botsogo (Ministry of Health) go ne go simolotswe go [[:en:Contact_tracing|latedisiwa batho ba neng ba amane]] le ba ba tshwerweng ka bolwetsi kwa [[:en:Molepolole|Molepolole]], [[Metsimotlhabe]], [[Mahalapye]], [[Bobonong]] le [[Siviya]], ba botlhe ba neng ba fitlhelwa ka mogare wa coronavirus. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola gangwe, go ne go tlhatlhobilwe batho ba le dikete di supa, makgolo a le marataro, masome a supa le botlhano, mapalamente le [[:en:Mokgweetsi_Masisi|tautona]] le [[:en:Slumber_Tsogwane|mothusi]] wa gagwe ba ne ba seka ba fitlhelwa ba na le mogare oo. Mo pegong e e neng e gasiwa mo telebishining, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi|tautona Masisi]] o ne a oketsa thibelo metsamao ka beke tse dingwe tse pedi tse go neng ga repisiwa melao ka tsone. Go ya ka tautona, balwetsi botlhe ba COVID-19 ba ne ba sa supe dikai mme ebile ba sidilega.Maduo a ba ba neng ba amane le o o tlhokafetseng a ne a begiwa ke tona wa botsogo (Health and Wellness) Dr. Lemogang Kwape. Kwape o ne a bega fa bosupa mo go ba le lesome le bone ba fitlhetswe ka mogare se sa isa dipalo kwa go lesome le boraro.<ref>[http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55551 "Botswana registers 7 more COVID-19 cases"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 9 April 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201001153621/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55551 Archived] from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe, batho ba le batlhano ba ne ba fola mo lefatshing la [[:en:Botswana|Botswana]].<ref>[http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55897 "Five Covid-19 patients recovered".] ''DailyNews.gov.bw''. 29 April 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2020.</ref> Kgwedi ya Moranang fa e ya bokhutlong, palo ya batho ba ba neng ba tshwerwe ka mogare e ne e le kwa go masome a mabedi le boraro, e oketsegile ka lesome le boferabongwe go tswa ka Mopitlo. Dipalo tsa dintsho di ne di sa fetoga. Mme ga bo go na le lesome le bosupa la batho ba mogare o neng o santse o le mo mebeleng ya bone.<ref>[https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200501-covid-19-sitrep.pdf?sfvrsn=742f4a18_4 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 102"] (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 May 2020. p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 2 July 2020.</ref> === Kgwedi ya Motsheganong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi === Batho ba le bararo ba ba fodileng ba ne ba begiwa ka Motsheganong a tlhola gangwe. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201001162235/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55943 "Botswana records three more recoveries"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 2 May 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.</ref>Ka Labone, Motsheganong a le malatsia a supa, Botswana o ne a kwadisa dipalo tse dingwe tsa ba ba fodileng. Ka Labotlhano Motsheganong a le malatsi a ferabobedi bosigogare, kiletso mesepele ya malatsi a le masome a mararo le botlhano mo Botswana ya ya bokhutlong, se sa simolodisa go repisiwa ga melao e e neng e beilwe ke puso dibeke di le tharo, mme ga simolola go boelwa ditirong go simolola ka letsatsi la boferabobedi la Motsheganong go fitlhelela ka letsatsi la bosome le bone la kgwedi eo. Ka Mosupologo a le malatsi a le lesome le bone Motsheganong, lefatshe la [[:en:Botswana|Botswana]] la gatisa motho o mongwe o o tshwereng ka bolwetsi.<ref>[https://news.thevoicebw.com/gaborone-city-under-lockdown/ "Gaborone City under lockdown"]. ''TheVoicebw.com''. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.</ref> Ditlhatlhobo di ne di dirilwe di le dikete di le lesome le motso makgolo a mane, amsome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a le lesome le bobedi. Balwetsi ba le batlhano ba ne ba fola, mme ga sala ba le barataro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230901233944/https://covid19portal.gov.bw/ "COVID-19 Government of Botswana".] ''gov.bw''. 12 May 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2020.</ref> Motho a le mongwe o ne a fitlhelwa ka mogare ka malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, se se isa dipalo tsa ba ba nang le bolwetsi kwa go bosupa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200817163624/https://news.ebene-magazine.com/coronavirus-le-bilan-en-afrique-ce-19-mai/ "Coronavirus : le bilan en Afrique ce 19 mai"]. ''EbeneMagazine.com'' (in French). 19 May 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.</ref> Ka letsatsi la bo masome a mabedi le bongwe, batho ba le bane ba tshwarwa ka mogare, fa ba le babedi ba ne ba fola, se se tsisa dipalo kwa go boferabongwe. Morago ga letsatsi, Botswana a gatisa motho o mongwe se sa isa dipalo tsa ba ba santse ba na le bolwetsi mo bekeng ya Tshipi a le lesome le bosupa go nna borataro. Ka Motsheganong a le malatsia le masome a mabedi le bone go ne go na le batho ba bangwe ba le batlhano, mme palo ya nna masome a mararo le botlhano fa ya ba ba nang le bolwetsi e nnile lesome le botlhano. Fa Motsheganong a ya bokhutlong, palo yotlhe ya batho ba ba tshwerweng ka mogare e ne ele masome a mararo le botlhano, e oketsegile ka lesome le bobedi go tswa ka Moranang. Palo ya dintsho e ne e sa fetoga. Go ne go na le ba ba santseng ba na le bolwetsi ba le lesome le bone, e fokotsegile ka 18% go tswa kwa bofelong jwa kgwedi ya Moranang.<ref>[https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200531-covid-19-sitrep-132.pdf?sfvrsn=d9c2eaef_2 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 132"] (PDF). World Health Organization. 31 May 2020. p.&nbsp;5. Retrieved 2 July 2020.</ref> === Seetebosigo 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone, go ne ga dirwa ditlhatlhobo tsa COVID di le dikete tse masome a mabedi le bone le makgolo a le borobabobedi.<ref>"[https://www.gov.bw/ Home]". ''gov.bw''. [https://web.archive.org/web/19981201053701/http://www.gov.bw/ Archived] from the original on 1 December 1998. Retrieved 30 April 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, setlhopha sa tiro sa ga Tautona sa Botswana sa COVID-19 se ne se tsere tshwetso ya go tsenya kgaolo eo mo thibelong ya motsamao lekgeto la bobedi. Dikolo le ditirelo tse dingwe tse di seng botlhokwa di ne tsa tswalwa gape, go sa letlelelwe tiro epe ya kwa ntle go sena ditetlelelo.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=3060957590653545&id=148228411926492&sfnsn=mo "LOCKDOWN OF GREATER GABORONE COVID-19 ZONE"]. ''www.facebook.com''. Retrieved 13 June 2020.</ref> Paka ya go thibelo ya motsamao e fedile ka Seetebosigo a le tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ba ne ba atlegile ka go [[:en:Contact_tracing|latedisa batho ba ba amegileng]] go bona batho ba ba itsiweng.<ref>"[https://www.facebook.com/BotswanaGovernment/photos/a.617504571665538/3068997496516221/?type=3&theater LOCKDOWN LIFTED!]". ''www.facebook.com''. Botswana Government. Retrieved 17 June 2020.</ref> Kwa bokhutlong jwa Seetebosigo, palo yotlhe ya ditiragalo tsa bolwetse tse di netefaditsweng e ne ya fitlha ko makgolong a mabedi le maome a supa. Mo bathong ba, batho ba le lekgolo le masomea borobabobedi le bongwe ba ne ba dumetse go busediwa kwa mahatsheng a bone, balwetse ba le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi mo go ba ba setseng ba le masome a mane le borataro ba ne ba fodile, mongwe o ne a tlhokafetse, mme ba le lesome le bosupa ba ne ba sa ntse ba le mo dipalong tse di matlhagatlhaga (koketsego ka karolo ya masome a mabedi le bongwe mo lekgolong ya kgwedi ya Motsheganong).<ref>"[https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200701-covid-19-sitrep-163.pdf?sfvrsn=c202f05b_2 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 163"] (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 July 2020. p.&#x20;7. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200702033315/https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200701-covid-19-sitrep-163.pdf?sfvrsn=c202f05b_2 Archived] (PDF) from the original on 2 July 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2020.</ref> === Phukwi 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa , go ne ga begwa loso lwa bobedi lwa Botswana la COVID-19.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202007280081.html "Botswana registers second COVID-19 death"]. ''allAfrica''. 27 July 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe ,Gaborone yo mogolo o ne a tsene mo thibelong ya metsamao lekgeto la boraro morago ga go tlhatloga thata ga dipalo tsa COVID-19 tse di tshelanwang mo gae. Go tswalelwa mo matlong go ne go solofetswe go tsaya lobaka lwa dibeke di le pedi.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BotswanaGovernment/photos/a.617504571665538/3195165763899393 "LOCKDOWN OF GREATER GABORONE ZONE"]. ''facebook.com''. Botswana Government. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2020.</ref>Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi, palo yotlhe ya dipalo tsa bolwetsi tse di netefaditsweng e ne e le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome borobabongwe le bone. === Phatwe 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le marataro ngaka le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fitlhelwa ba na le mogare o kwa bookelong jwa [[:en:Bamalete_Lutheran_Hospital|Bamalete Lutheran]], fa molwetse kwa bookelong joo a ne a tlhokafala ka ntlha ya go belaelwa gore o na le COVID-19.<ref>[https://news.thevoicebw.com/doctor-tests-positive-covid-19-at-bamalete-lutheran-hospital/ "Doctor tests positive of Covid-19 at Bamalete Lutheran Hospital"]. TheVoiceBW. 7 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726203149/https://news.thevoicebw.com/doctor-tests-positive-covid-19-at-bamalete-lutheran-hospital/ Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2020.</ref> Letsatsi le le latelang, maloko a setlhopha sa tiro sa ga tautona sa COVID-19 a ne a tlhatlhobelwa mogare wa corona. Ditlhatlhobo di le lesome mo go tse masome a mane le borataro tse di dirilweng mo setlhopheng sa tiro di ne di supa fa mogare o le teng. Maloko a a fitlhetsweng a na le mogare a ne a akaretsa Ngaka Kereng Masupu (mogokaganyi) le Ngaka Mogomotsi Matshaba (mogakolodi wa bonetetshi).<ref>[https://www.pulse.com.gh/articles/apo/coronavirus-botswana-the-presidential-covid-19-task-team-results-2024081105553348622 "Coronavirus – Botswana: the Presidential COVID-19 task team results"]. ''pulse''. 11 August 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2025.</ref> Moporofesara Mosepele (motlatsamogokaganyi), yo o neng a fitlhelwa a sa fitlhelwe a na le mogare o, o ne a dira kgwebo ya go rola tiro mo setlhopheng sa tiro mme moragonyana a e gogela morago.<ref>"[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57645 Mosepele decides to stay with team]". ''Daily News''. 9 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726203137/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57645 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2020.</ref> Go nnile le dipalo tse dišwa di le lekgolo le masome a supa le bobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le supa,e e leng palo e e kwa godimo ya ditshwaetsego tse di itsisitsweng mo letsatsing le le lengwe go fitlha ga jaana. Malatsi a le mararo morago ga moo go ne ga begwa dipalo dile dišwa tse lekgolo le masome a mane le borobabobedi, mme se sa tlhatlosa palo yotlhe ya dipalo tse di netefaditsweng go nna sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a mabedi le lesome le bone. Go ne ga itsisiwe loso ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, mme se se tlhatlosa palo ya dintsho go nna tharo.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57765 "COVID-19 cases up by 130 per cent"]. ''Daily News''. 16 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726203151/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57765 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 18 August 2020.</ref> Ka letsatsi lone leo go ne ga begwa dipalo tse dišwa di le masome a borobabongwe le bone, mme di le masome a marataro le bosupa tsa tsone e ne e le baagi mme di le masome a mabedi le bosupa e ne e le ba tswa kwa.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57830 "31 health workers COVID-19 positive"]. ''Daily News''. 18 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726203137/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57830 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2020.</ref> Palo yotlhe ya ditiragalo tse di netefaditsweng e tlhatlogetse ko seketeng se le sengwe le makgolo a mararo borobabobedi . Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro go ne ga nna le dipalo tse dišwa di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le bone, mme se sa tlhatlosa palo yotlhe ya bolwetse go nna sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a mane le masome a mane le bobedi. Se se ne sa tlhatlogela kwa seketeng se le sengwe le makgolo a matlhano le masome a marataro le bobedi ka kgwedi a Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le mabedi le bobedi morago ga gore go netefadiwe dipalo tse dišwa di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi (baagi ba selegae ba le masome a le bosupa le boraro le batswakwa ba le masome a mane le bosupa).<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57995 "Local transmission spreads countrywide"]. ''Daily News''. 25 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726203139/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57995 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2020.</ref> Dipalo tse dišwa di le masome a supa le bongwe le dintsho di le tharo di begilwe ka Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le mabedi le bone, mme se se tlhatlositse palo yotlhe ya bolwetsi go nna sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a le marataro le masome a mararo le boraro le palo ya dintsho go nna thatharo. Dintsho tse tharo tse di begilweng ka Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone e ne e le lesea la dikgwedi di le tharo le basadi ba bagolwane ba le babedi. Go nnile le dipalo tse dišwa di le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e hlola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi, mme se se tlhatlositse palo yotlhe ya bolwetsi tse di netefaditsweng go nna sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa le masome a mabedi le bone. === Lwetse 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le mane palo ya bolwetse tse di netefaditsweng e tlhatlhogile ka makgolo a le mabedi le masome a supa le borobabobedi go ya ko ko dikete tse pedi le bobedi; koketsego e e kwa godimo ya letsatsi le letsatsi go fitlhela ga jaana. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya oketsega go nna borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le supa le le a tlhola lesome go ne ga itsisiwe dipalo tse dingwe di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le bone le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borataro, mme se sa tlhatlosa palo yotlhe ya bolwetse e e netefaditsweng go nna dikete tse pedi le makgolo a mabedi,masome a matlhano le bobedi. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya oketsega go nna lesome.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/58435 "COVID-19 Task Force Team to introduce geo fencing bracelet".] Botswana Daily News. 14 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726203139/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/58435 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi ale lesome le bone go ne ga nna le dipalo tse dišwa di le makgolo a mabedi le lesome le bongwe, mme se sa tlhatlosa palo yotlhe ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng go nna dikete tse pedi lemakgolo a mane,masome a marataro le boraro. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya tlhatlogela go nna lesome le bongwe. Malatsi a mabedi morago ga moo go ne ga begwa dipalo tse dingwe gape di le lekgolo le bone, mme se sa dira gore palo yotlhe ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng e nne dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhano le masome a thataro le bosupa. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa go 13.<ref>"[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/58560 Task team foresees jump in COVID-19 cases"]. Botswana Daily News. 20 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726204209/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/58560 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2020.</ref> Go nnile le dipalo tse dišwa di le makgolo a mararo le masome a matlhano le bone ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le bone, e leng palo e e kwa godimo ya dipalo tsa bolwetse tse di begilweng letsatsi le letsatsi go fitlha ga jaana mme e tlisa palo yotlhe ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng go nna dikete tse pedi le makgolo a borobabongwe le masome a mabedi le bongwe . Palo ya dintsho e tlhatlogetse ko lesomeng le borataro. <ref>[https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/266523096/botswana-removes-travel-restrictions-for-local-holidaymakers "Botswana removes travel restrictions for local holidaymakers"]. Big News Network. 27 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211109065230/https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/266523096/botswana-removes-travel-restrictions-for-local-holidaymakers Archived] from the original on 9 November 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref><ref>Koogotsitse, Gofaone (15 December 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219122302/https://news.thevoicebw.com/2020/12/covid-19-funeral-traumatises-family/ "Covid-19 funeral traumatises family"]. TheVoiceBW. Archived from [https://news.thevoicebw.com/2020/12/covid-19-funeral-traumatises-family/ the original] on 19 December 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2020.</ref> Malatsi a le mararo moragonyana, palo yotlhe ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng e ne ya tlhatloga ka makgolo a le mabedi le masome a le botlhano le bongwe go ya go diketeng tse tharo le lekgolo le masome a supa le bobedi. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya nna e sa fetoge.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-southern-africa-travel-gaborone-africa-5676fe68e59bd947cefefdfde490fb51 "Botswana extends emergency measures to combat virus"]. AP. 29 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200929211942/https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-southern-africa-travel-gaborone-africa-5676fe68e59bd947cefefdfde490fb51 Archived] from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> === Ngwanatsele 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano, palo ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng e ne ya oketsega go nna dikete tse lesome le makgolo a a mabedi le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi, mme ya feta dipalo di le dikete tse lesome tse di netefaditsweng mo nageng. === Sedimonthole 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a ke mabedi palo ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng e ne ya oketsega go nna diketsetse lesome le bongwe le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mararo le bongwe, mme ba le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a le matlhano le masome a mabedi le bongwe bone ba ne ba fuduseditswe kwa mahatsheng a mangwe, fa palo ya dintsho e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa masomeng a mararo le bone.<ref>[https://africacdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/AfricaCDC_COVIDBrief_8DEC20_EN-.pdf "Outbreak brief 47: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic"] (PDF). Africa CDC. 8 December 2020. p.&#x20;4. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210112012419/https://africacdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/AfricaCDC_COVIDBrief_8DEC20_EN-.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le thataro palo ya bolwetsi e e netefaditsweng e ne ya oketsega go fitlha go dikete tse lesome le bobedi le makgolo a matlhano le bongwe, mme ba le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mararo le bobedi ba ne ba fetiseditswe kwa mahatsheng a mangwe. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya tlhatlogela go masome a mararo le borataro. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole palo ya bolwetsii e e netefaditsweng e ne ya oketsega go nna diketse tse lesome le bobedi le makgolo a le matlhano le bongwe, mme sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a matlhano le masome a supa a tsone ne e fetiseditswe kwa mahatsheng a mangwe.<ref>"[https://au.int/sites/default/files/newsevents/workingdocuments/39808-wd-africacdc_covidbrief_15dec20_en_.pdf Outbreak brief 48: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic]" (PDF). Africa CDC. 15 December 2020. p.&#x20;4. Retrieved 11 March 2025.</ref> Palo ya dintsho e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa masomeng a mararo le bosupa. Morago ga malatsi a le mararo palo ya batho ba ba netefaditsweng ba na le bolwetse jo e ne ya oketsega go nna dikete tse lesome le bobedi le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a bosupa le boraro, mme ba le sekete se le sengwe le makgoloa matlhano le masome a borobabongwe le boraro ba bone ba ne ba fetiseditswe kwa mahatsheng a mangwe. Palo ya dintsho e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa masomeng a mararo le borobabobedi.<ref>Manyepedza, Chendzimu (15 December 2020). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/60200 "Stay home]". ''Daily News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726204146/https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/60200 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 16 December 2020.</ref> Malatsi a mabedi morago ga foo palo ya bolwetse e e netefaditsweng e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa dketeng tse lesome le boraro le lesome le bongwe le bone, mme sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a thataro e ne e fetiseditswe kwa mahatsheng a mangwe.<ref>"[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=88195&dir=2020/december/18 The great Gaborone escape]". Mmegi. 18 December 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240726204146/https://www.mmegi.bw/news/the-great-gaborone-escape/news Archived] from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 21 December 2020.</ref> == Thibelo == Puso e ne ya emisa go kgobokana ga batho ba feta masome a matlhano le go tsena ka melwane ga batho ba ba tswang kwa mafatsheng a a mo diphatseng, e le tsela ya go itsa go thanya lomapo lo le tsebeng.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/opinion-analysis/coronavirus-botswana-bans-us-uk-china-arrivals/news "Coronavirus: Botswana bans US, UK, China arrivals".] Mmegi. 16 March 2020.</ref> <ref>[https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/botswana-bars-travellers-from-coronavirus-hit-countries/ "Botswana bars travellers from coronavirus-hit countries".] 16 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le masome a mabedi le bone , puso e ne ya bega fa melelwane yotlhe kwa ntleng ga e le lesome le bobedi, e tswalwa. Baagi ba Botswana ba ne ba letlelelwa go boela gae mme ba tswalelwe ko ba ka sekeng ba amane le batho ba bangwe malatsi a le lesome le bone. Go ne go na le matshwenyego le fa go ntse jalo a gore batho ba ka tlhagela go tswa kwa lefatsheng la [[Zimbabwe]] ba sa tsene kwa go letleletsweng.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswana-no-covid-19-cases-closes-borders-after-death-zimbabwe/6186332.html "Botswana, with No COVID-19 Cases, Closes Borders After Death in Zimbabwe | Voice of America – English".] ''www.voanews.com''. Retrieved 25 March 2020.</ref> Dikolo tsotlhe di ne tsa tswalwa go tswa ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi. Mme ga simololwa go rutiwa ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a le mabedi.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-schools-reopen-amid-concerns-over-preparedness/6190578.html "Botswana schools reopen amid concerns over preparedness".] ''www.voanews.com''. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.</ref> Segajaja le kiletso mesepele di ne tsa kgoreletsa go tsoma ditlou mo go neng go ya go nna ga ntlha mo Botswana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014),<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/24/coronavirus-may-mean-botswanas-hunting-season-is-cancelled "Coronavirus may mean Botswana's hunting season is cancelled".] ''www.aljazeera.com''. Retrieved 25 March 2020.</ref> di ne tsa ama gape le mohama wa diteemane.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswanas-diamond-sales-face-slump-coronavirus-locks-out-key/6186037.html "Botswana's Diamond Sales Face Slump as Coronavirus Locks Out Key Buyers | Voice of America – English"]. ''www.voanews.com''. Retrieved 25 March 2020.</ref> E ne ya re ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe, tautona wa Botswana Mokgweetsi Masisi a fa pego mme a simolodisa nako ya seemo sa tshoganetso ka maikaelelo a go gagamatsa ditsela tsa go thibela dikotsi tsa segajaja sa COVID-19. Tautona o re malatsi a a masome mabedi le motso a seemo sa tshoganetso a tla bo a sa lekana go diragatsa tse di tlhokafalang go lwantsha segajaja. == References == 76aneoab7m4h4agt3obzv5oz3o22gma 0 9282 52447 49841 2026-07-14T10:45:16Z Lucrucia98 12161 52447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Phenyo Butale|office=Former Member of Parliament of the [[National Assembly of Botswana|National Assembly]]|image=|caption=Butale in 2020|constituency=[[Gaborone]]|termstart=2014|termend=2019|party=[[Independent politician|Independent]]|birth_name=Phenyo Butale|birth_place=[[Botswana]]| order1 = | term_start1 = 7 November 2024 | term_end1 = | predecessor1 = Tumisang Healy | successor1 = | predecessor3 = [[Dumelang Saleshando]] | successor3 = Tumisang Healy | constituency = | majority1 = 2,381 (20.5%) | order2 = | term_start2 = 2014 | term_end2 = 2019 | order = [[Ministry of International Relations (Botswana)|Minister of International Relations]] | term_start = 11 November 2024 | predecessor = [[Lemogang Kwape]] | term_end = | office4 = | term_start4 = | term_end4 = | constituency4 = | children = | spouse = | death_place = | death_date = | birth_place = [[Botswana]] | birth_date = | birth_name = Phenyo Butale | alma_mater = | party = [[Alliance for Progressives]] | office1 = [[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Gaborone Central]] }} '''Rre Phenyo Butale''' ke mopolotike wa Motswana. O ne a dira e le leloko la palamente ya Botswana go fitlha ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe(2019) a le mo mokgatlhong wa sepolotiki wa Alliance for Progressives-AP.O ne gape a le setsibi sa puisano, mogasi, mofuputsi le thuto.<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (November 19, 2018). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/parley-rejects-butales-fuel-motion/news "Parley Rejects Butale's Fuel Motion".] ''Mmegi Online retrived 23 Mopitlo 2024''</ref><ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (August 21, 2017). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bmd-factions-to-appear-before-udc-nec/news "BMD Factions To Appear Before UDC NEC".] ''Mmegi Online''.retrived 23 Mopitlo 2024</ref> == Tsa Pereko == Rre Butale o ntse MP mo [[palamenteng ya Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).O ne nna pele a tsenelela dikgang tsa botho.Pele fa a tsenelela sepolotiki, Rre Butale o dirile mo sechaba sa sechaba e le motsamaisi wa lefatshe bakeng sa dikgang tsa setheo sa Afrika Borwa-Kgaolo ya Botswana le morago a nna mookamedi wa kgololesego ya go bua setheo mo Johannesburg.O tshwere PhD E tswang kwa madikolo wa Stellenbosh.<ref>Kanoko, Cavin (2019-10-21). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/aps-butale-hosts-lunch-for-the-elderly/news "AP's Butale Hosts Lunch For The Elderly".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2023-08-30.retrived 23 Mopitlo 2024</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Rre Butale o nyetse mme o nna mo Botswana. == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Mapalamente a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] gyt1uq07mkuf97j0ihw5wqoajwmwxeh 0 10524 52457 47352 2026-07-14T11:35:17Z MmaBaggio 11091 52457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Lesego Chombo|image=Lesego Chombo, 2022.jpeg|term_start=11 November 2024|succeeding1=Tumiso Rakgare|country3=Botswana|president12=Duma Gideon Boko|birth_date=April 16, 1998|birth_place=Shorobe,Botswana|citizenship=Botswana|nationality=Motswana|parents=Othusitse Motswanageng Chombo and Ditebo Chombo|education=Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree|profession=Minister|country0=Botswana|minister2=Minister of Youth and Gender Affairs of Botswana}} Lesego Chombo (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le borataro,ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi) ke [[mmadipolotiki|mopolotiki]] wa [[Botswana]], mmueledi, le mofenyi wa kgaisano ya bontle wa maloba. O direla jaaka Tona ya Botswana ya Basha le Merero ya Bong go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone mme ke motho yo monnye go gaisa go nna le maemo a tona mo ditsong tsa lefatshe. <ref name=":0">Mashamaite, Modiegi (7 November 2024). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/lifestyle/2024-11-07-from-the-catwalk-to-parliament-ex-miss-botswana-lesego-chombo-accepts-new-presidents-nomination-as-mp/ "From the catwalk to parliament: ex-Miss Botswana Lesego Chombo accepts new president's nomination as MP"]. ''Times Live''. Retrieved 11 November 2024.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://jang.com.pk/en/24657-former-miss-botswana-lesego-chombo-sworn-in-as-mp-news Former Miss Botswana Lesego Chombo sworn in as MP]. ''Daily Jang''. 7 November 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2024</ref>Pele a tsena mo dipolotiking, one a dira jaaka mmueledi mme a amogelwa ke sechaba ka go tsenela dikgaisano tsa sechaba le tsa boditšhabatšhaba tsa mmabontle, go akaretsa go fenya Miss Botswana (2022) le Miss World Africa (2024).<ref name=":2">Okumu, Anne; Khisa, Brian (2025-05-11). [https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1mev5ygk0yo "Lesego Chombo: Miss World Africa beauty queen and Botswana's youngest cabinet minister"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. Retrieved 2025-05-11.</ref> == Botshelo le thuto == Lesego Chombo o tsholetswe kwa Shorobe, e leng motse o o kwa Kgaolong ya Bokone Bophirima ya Botswana, mme o goletse mo lefelong le le humileng ka setso. Le fa go ne go na le mathata a itsholelo, one a dira sentle mo dithutong tsa gagwe mme a bontsha bokgoni jwa go nna moeteledipele. Boineelo jwa gagwe mo tshiamong ya loago bo ne jwa dira gore a tsenele dithuto tsa molao kwa University of Botswana.<ref>Chombo, Lesego (2024-02-09). [https://www.missworld.com/contestant/lesego-chombo/life/profile "Lesego CHOMBO - BOTSWANA".] ''Lesego Chombo - Miss World 2023 Botswana''. Retrieved 2024-12-11.</ref> Fa a ntse a ithuta, one a nna le seabe mo mekgatlhong ya baithuti le mo diporojekeng tsa setšhaba, tse di neng tsa thaya motheo wa maitlamo a gagwe a go dirisa kitso ya gagwe ya semolao go buelela tekatekano le tshiamiso. O na le maitemogelo a go dira jaaka Mmueledi wa Molao dingwaga di le pedi pele ga loeto lwa gagwe mo lefatsheng la dikgaisano tsa mmabontle. <ref>Chombo, Lesego (2024-02-13). [https://www.missworld.com/contestant/lesego-chombo/life/i-am-lesego-chombo- "Miss World Botswana, Lesego Chombo"]. ''Lesego Chombo - Miss World 2023 Botswana''. Retrieved 2024-12-11.</ref> == Tiro == === Tiro ya semolao === Morago ga go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe, Chombo one a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya semolao ka go ikatisetsa tiro kwa Baliki Corporate Law. Moragonyana one a tsenela Kebabonye Business Law<ref name=":0" />, mme kwa bofelong a nna mothusi wa gagwe. Maikaelelo a gagwe a akaretsa go tlhoma feme ya gagwe ya molao go maatlafatsa baagi ba ba kgaphetsweng kwa thoko ka go ba naya ditirelo tsa semolao tse di fitlhelegang. Tiro ya ga Chombo mo molaong e tlhalositswe ka go tsepamisa mogopolo mo go bueleleng setšhaba le tshiamiso ya loago, mme a amogelwa jaaka moeteledipele wa phetogo mo lefapheng la molao. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , Tautona [[Duma Boko]] one a mo tlhapa go nna leloko la Kokoano Bosetšhaba, koo a neng a tlhophiwa go nna [[Tona ya Bašwa le Merero ya Bong]].<ref name=":2" /> ==== Bontle le feshene ==== Loeto lwa ga Chombo mo dikgaisanong tsa mmabontle lo simolotse ka phenyo ya gagwe mo kgaisanong ya Kgosigadi Esther ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi . Boikuelo jwa gagwe jwa tekatekano ya bong le thuto bo ne jwa gola fa a ne a fiwa serwalo sa Miss Women Empowerment ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa . Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi , o ne a nna le maemo a a kwa godimo morago ga go fenya seetsele sa go nna [[Mma Botswana]]. Diphitlhelelo tsa gagwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone jaaka go nna [[Mohumagatsana wa boditshabatshaba wa Africa]] di bontshitse bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go dirisa sethala sa gagwe go rarabolola mathata a a masisi a tlhabololo go ralala Afrika. ==== Tiro ya sepolotiki ==== Lesego o ne a tsenngwa mo Ntlokokoano Bosetšhaba ya Botswana jaaka Mopalamente yo o tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesego_Chombo#cite_note-6</ref> ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola ga supa,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />Go tlhophiwa ga gagwe go nna Tona ya Banana le Merero ya Bong go ne ga itsisiwe ke tautona [[Duma Boko]] ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone ; one a nna motho wa ntlha yo monnye go tshwara ofisi ya tona, a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le borataro (26).<ref name=":2" /> == Dintlha tsa bofelo == A. Go ya ka Puso ya Botswana, maloko a Palamente a tlhophiwa ke baeteledipele ba makoko a sepolotiki a a emetsweng mo Palamenteng go netefatsa kemedi e e anameng.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mapalamente a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Ba ba tshotsweng ka 1998]] fqo27glnv30786ysxpyq9p3s0psno1e 0 10987 52460 49626 2026-07-14T11:45:43Z MmaBaggio 11091 52460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Dithapelo Keorapetse|office=Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana|predecessor=Phandu Skelemani|termstart=Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2024|office2=Mopalamente wa bophirma jwa Selebi Phikwe|predecessor2=Gilson Saleshando|party=Ntlhopheng o o ikemetseng|office1=Moeteledipele wa diphathi tsa kganetso|predecessor1=Dumelang Saleshando|successor1=Dumelang Saleshando|successor2=Reuben Kaizer|birth_date=Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bonge, ngwaga wa 1982|otherparty=Umbrella for Democratic Change fa e sale ka 2022, Botswana Congress Party go fitlhelela ka 2022|term_end=Ngwanatsele a rogwa, ngwaga wa 2024|term_end2=Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 2024|termstart1=Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa 2022|term_start2=Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 2014|image=Dithapelo Keorapetse 2025.jpg|caption=Keorapetse ka 2025}} '''Dithapelo Lefoko'''<ref>[https://data.ipu.org/parliament/BW/BW-LC01/ "Botswana | National Assembly"]. ''IPU Parline: global data on national parliaments''. Retrieved 16 Phalane 2025.</ref> '''Keorapetse''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa 1982)<ref name=":0">[https://data.ipu.org/parliament/BW/BW-LC01/ "Botswana | National Assembly"]. ''IPU Parline: global data on national parliaments''. IPU. Retrieved 23 September 2025</ref><ref name=":1">Tlhankane, Spira (29 July 2022). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/the-determined-unyielding-keorapetse/news "The determined, unyielding Keorapetse"]. ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 23 September 2025.</ref> ke lepolotiki la [[Botswana]] yo e leng motsamaisa dipuisano tsa [[palamente ya Botswana]] wa gompieno fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. E ne e le mopalamente go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go tsena go wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , pele e ne e le moeteledipele wa kganetso go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi go tsena go wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. Ke wa lekoko la [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC), a sena go kobiwa kwa [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP) ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Keorapetse o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi <ref name=":0" />, o tswa kwa [[Selebi-Phikwe|Selebi Phikwe]], Botswana. Kwa ntle ga sepolotiki, o berekile e le morutuntshi wa sepolotiki le tsamaiso lefatshe kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|University of Botswana]], kwa a berekileng go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi go tsena go wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, mme o ne a le mo boitapolosong jo bo sa duelelweng go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go tsena ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe. O bereketse gape kwa [[Botswana Police College]] le [[Botswana Defence Force]] (BDF).<ref name=":1" /> Keorapetse o tseneletse sepolotiki ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe, a nna leloko la Botswana Congress Party (BCP). Go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano , e ne e le mokwaledi mogolo wa setlhopha sa BCP sa sekolo se segolwane sa UB, morago a nna mothusa tautona wa lBanana la BCP ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe, morago a nna tautona wa lekgamu leo go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi go tsena ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano . O ne a nna gape mokwaledi wa tsa kgaso wa BPC. E ne e le mothusa ba ba kgatlhanong le tshenyetso setshaba, a bereka mo maemong ao kwa [[Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime]] (DCEC) go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go tsena ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome .<ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Keorapetse o ne a emela ditlhopho tsa lefatshe e le ntlhopheng wa BCP kwa Selibe Phikwe, a fenya ka 49.1% fa go tshwantshanngwa le 36.7% wa yo a neng a mo setse morago.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/15362 "BCP wins Selebi Phikwe West"]. ''[[:en:Daily_News_Botswana|Daily News Botswana]]''. October 2014.</ref> O ne a nna mopalamente o monnye mo Botswana, a tlhophiwa go nna moeteledipele wa kganetso mo palamenteng ya lesome le bongwe ya Botswana. O ne a tsenelela komiti ya madi a setshaba, morago a nna modulasetilo wa yone.<ref name=":1" /> Keorapetse o ne a tlhophiwa gape ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe ka 59.1% wa tlhopho.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf Report to the Minister for Presidential Affairs, Governance and Public Administration on the 2019 General Elections]'' (PDF). Independent Electoral Commission (IEC). 2020.Retrieved 23 September 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi, o ne a gaisanela maemo a moeteledipele wa kganetso le [[Dumelang Saleshando]]. O ne a atlega a amogela maemo ao, mme ene le maloko a mangwe a le mane a BCP ba ne ba kobiwa mo phathing go bo ba nnile kgatlhanong le komiti ya legare ya BCP mo go tseeng maemo ao.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Sejabosigo, Jeremiah (12 July 2023). "[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/68042 KEORAPETSE NEW LOO"]. ''[[:en:Daily_News_Botswana|Daily News Botswana]]''. Retrieved 23 September 2025.</ref> Ka jalo o ne a nna ntlhopheng yo o ikemetseng ka nosi, a ikamanya le [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC). Keorapetse o ne a emela ditlhopho laboraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone a le ka fa tlase ga UDC, ka nako eo o ne a na le melao kakanyetso e robabobedi, ditshutiso di le mmalwa le dipotso di le makgolo, ebile a ngangisantse dikakanyetso tsa melao tse dikgolo.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (27 September 2024). "[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/keorapetses-third-term-bid/news Keorapetse's third term bid"]. [[Mmegi|''Mmegi''.]]</ref> Keorapetse o ne a latlhegelwa ke ditlhopho. Mme le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana. Ka e ne e le ene fela a tlhophilweng, o ne a bona thotloetso go tswa mo mapalamenteng a diphathi tse di farologaneng, a tlhomiwa go nna motho wa lesome go nna motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente.<ref>Chida, Daniel (29 November 2024). [https://thevoicebw.com/keorapetse-the-mastermind-behind-the-scenes/ "Keorapetse, the mastermind behind the scenes?".] [[:en:The_Voice_(Botswana)|''The Voice''.]]</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1982]] [[Karolo:Barutuntshi ba ko universithi ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batsamaisa dipuisanyo tsa palamente]] 0hnte8trdrtelr51n4fldu4wouacss7 0 11092 52451 49842 2026-07-14T10:58:58Z Lucrucia98 12161 52451 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Kitso Dingake''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi (1928) – abo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le supa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) e ne e le molwela dipolotiki wa Botswana, mokwadi le tona yo o simolotseng Lekoko la [[Botswana Congress Party]].<ref>[http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/pebble.asp?relid=1604 Michael Kitson Dingake] (1928-) [https://web.archive.org/web/20110929182313/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/pebble.asp?relid=1604 Archived] 29 September 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> {{Infobox officeholder|name=Michael Dingake|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|office=President of the [[Botswana Congress Party]]|predecessor=''Position established''|successor=[[Otlaadisa Koosaletse]]|term_start=20 June 1998|term_end=2001|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Gaborone Central]]|predecessor2=''Constituency established''|successor2=[[Margaret Nasha]]|birth_name=Michael Kitso Dingake|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1928|2|11}}|birth_place=[[Bobonong]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now Botswana)|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|2024|4|7|1928|2|11}}|otherparty=[[Botswana National Front]] (1992–1998)<br>[[African National Congress]]|profession=[[Internal resistance to apartheid|Anti-apartheid activist]]<br/>[[Writer]]|term_end2=1999|term_start2=1994}} == Botshelo jwa gagwe == === Thuto === Dingake o simolotse loeto lwa gagwe lwa thuto kwa Sekolong se se Potlana sa Bobonong, kwa a neng a tswelela ka dithuto tsa gagwe gone go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borataro (1936) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le makgolo a mane le bongwe (1941). O ne a ithuta kwa Aforika Borwa go ya kwa thutong ya gagwe ya sekontari, a ikwadisa kwa Setheong sa St Ansgars, kwa Roodepoort, go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le makgolo a mane le bobedi (1942) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le makgolo a mane le boraro (1943), mme moragonyana a bona dithuto tsa gagwe tsa poraefete kwa Pax College ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le makgolo a mane le bobedi (1942). kwa [[:en:Damelin|Kholetšheng ya Damelin]] kwa [[Johannesburg]]. Ka nako ya gagwe ya mathata, fa a ne a golegilwe kwa [[:en:Robben_Island|Robben Island]], o ne a tsweledisa dithuto tsa gagwe, a bona dikirii di le tharo: [[:en:Bachelor_of_Arts|BA]] mo [[:en:Political_Science|Saenseng ya Sepolotiki le Itsholelo]], BA mo Tsamaisong ya Setšhaba le Diakhaonto tsa Pusoselegae, le [[:en:B.Com|B.Com]] mo Ikonoming ya Kgwebo le Diakhaonto. ==== Tiro le Bolweladitshwanelo ==== Leeto la ga Dingake mo go nneng le seabe mo tirong le ne la simolola ka 1952 fa a ne a tsenela [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka nako ya [[:en:Defiance_Campaign|Letsholo la Botlhokakitso.]] Mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, o ne a tsaya dikarolo tse di farologaneng mo gare ga mokgatlho ono, go tswa mo go direleng jaaka mokwaledi wa Lekala la Alexandra ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa (1957) go ya go tlhomiwa go nna Mokwaledi wa Bosetšhaba wa ANC. Mo godimo ga go nna le seabe mo ANC, Dingake le ene o ne a nna leloko la [[:en:South_African_Communist_Party|Lekoko la Bokomonisi la Aforika Borwa]] (SACP) ka nako ya Seemo sa Maemo a Tshoganyetso ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960) morago ga [[:en:Sharpeville_Massacre|Polao ya Sharpeville.]] Seabe sa gagwe se ne sa atologela kwa lefukeng la sesole la ANC, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukhonto_we_Sizwe&action=edit&redlink=1 ukhonto we Sizwe] (MK), kwa a neng a nna le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo go thapeng le mo ditirong. Le fa a ne a lebane le kotsi e kgolo ya botho, Dingake o ne a tswelela ka go nna molweladitshwanelo, le fa a sena go fudugela kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965). Le fa go ntse jalo, loeto lwa gagwe lo ne lwa fetoga lefifi fa a ne a logelwa segwenegwene mme morago ga moo a tshwarwa fa a ntse a feta mo [[:en:Rhodesia|Rhodesia]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965). One a kgokgontshiwa thata ke ba [[:en:South_African_Police|South African Authorities]] mme ebile a nna le tshokolo e tona pele ga a atlholelwa dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano kwa Setlhaketlhakeng sa Robben. Morago ga go gololwa ga gagwe, Dingake o ne a fetogela mo legatong le lesha la botshelo jwa gagwe, a ineela mo diporojekeng tsa barutegi le tsa tlhabololo ya baagi kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana|Yunibesithing ya Botswana]]. Lorato lwa gagwe lwa sepolotiki lo ne lwa nna lo tlhomame, lwa dira gore a nne motho yo o tlhageletseng mo teng ga [[:en:Botswana_National_Front|Botswana National Front]] (BNF) mme morago a tsenelela [[:en:Botswana_Congress_Party|Botswana Congress Party]] . E ne e le Leloko la Palamente la [[:en:Gaborone_Central|Gaborone Central]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe(1999). Morago ga go rola tiro mo dipolotiking tsa bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004), Dingake o ne a tswelela go nna le seabe mo setšhabeng jaaka mokwadi, motshwaedi le motshwaedi wa beke le beke wa lekwalodikgang la [[:en:Mmegi|Mmegi.]]<ref>Morton, Fred; Ramsay, Jeff; Mgadla, Part Themba (2008). "Dingake, Michael Kitso (1928-)". ''Historical Dictionary of Botswana''. African Historical Dictionaries. Vol. 108 (4th ed.). Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press. pp. 92–3. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5467-3|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5467-3|<bdi>978-0-8108-5467-3</bdi>.]]</ref> ===== Leso ===== Dingake o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola supa la ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2024), a le dingwaga di le 96.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/michael-kitso-dingake-laid-to-rest/news "Michael Kitso Dingake laid to rest"]. Mmegi Online. 14 April 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2024</ref> == Dilinki tse di kwa ntle == * [http://www.kutlwano.com/mr-michael-kitso-dingake/ Mr. Michael Kitso Dingake,] ''Kutlwano Magazine'' == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1928]] [[Karolo:Dintsho tsa 2024]] [[Karolo:Babegadikgang ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana National Front]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Botswana]] 54vvb7kznnwywp0llvb291w8zpv75kn 0 11170 52443 47361 2026-07-14T09:37:26Z MmaBaggio 11091 52443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Baratiwa Mathoothe|office=Mothusa Tona wa papadi le Kgwebo|predecessor=[[Beauty Manake]]|president=[[Duma Boko]]|termstart=14 Ngwanatsele 2024|office2=[[leloko la Palamente (Botswana)|Tleloko ya Palamente]] for [[Serowe Bokone]]|predecessor2=[[Kgotla Autlwetse]]|party=[[Botswana Patriotic Front]]|termend2=5 Ngwanatsele 2019}} '''Baratiwa Mathoothe''' ke mopolotiki wa Motswana yo e leng Mopalamente wa [[:en:Serowe_North|Bokone Serowe]] go simolla ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mothusa Tona ya papadi le Kgwebo mo [[:en:Boko_cabinet|kabineteng ya Boko]] ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , morago ga phenyo ya ditlhopho ya tautona Duma Boko ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone.<ref>[https://www.brimco.io/news/president-duma-boko-unveils-a-transformative-cabinet-to-lead-botswanas-second-republic/baratiwa-mathoothe/ "Assistant Minister of Trade and Entrepreneurship Baratiwa Mathoothe at Swearing-In Ceremony | Brimco"]. 2024-11-15. Retrieved 2025-10-03</ref>Ke mothusi wa [[Tiroyaone Ntsima]] <ref>[https://www.botswanayouth.com/president-advocate-duma-boko-announces-second-batch-of-cabinet-appointments/ "President Advocate Duma Boko Announces Second Batch of Cabinet Appointments"]. ''Botswana Youth Magazine''. 2024-11-14. Retrieved 2025-10-03.</ref> Ka nako ya gagwe, o nonotshitse dikamano tsa itsholelo le Colombia.<ref>"Botswana and Colombia Strengthen Investment Ties". 27 Feb 2025.</ref> == Tiro == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro , Mathoothe o ne a tshwarwa ka ntlha ya fa a ne a phasaladitse puo ya [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] ya seemo sa sechaba mo setlhopheng sa maranyane sa Palamente. O ne a tshwenngwa ke gore e ne e le teng phatlalatsa le fa gone tautona a ne a ise a e neele. Mo bosigong joo, badiredi ba [[:en:Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security|DIS]] ba ne ba tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe mme ba mo tshwara. Mathoothe o ne a bolela fa e le lekoko la [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]] le le busang le le neng la mo batlisisa. Moragonyana o ne a gololwa.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-midweek-sun/20231108/281556590538301. Retrieved 2025-03-22 – via PressReade</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Matona a puso ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana Patriotic Party]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] pyv3udbzyaklwlrdist35vlvhhs22p8 0 11461 52448 51093 2026-07-14T10:46:45Z MmaBaggio 11091 52448 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Ndaba Gaolathe|office=10th [[Vice-President of Botswana]]|image=File:Ndaba Gaolathe August 2025.jpg|caption=Gaolathe in 2025|predecessor=[[Slumber Tsogwane]]|president=[[Duma Boko]]|term_start=7 November 2024|office2=Vice President of the [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]]|predecessor2=[[Dumelang Saleshando]]|party=[[Alliance for Progressives]]|office1=Minister of Finance|predecessor1=[[Peggy Serame]]|president1=[[Duma Boko]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1971|09|05}}|birth_place=[[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]|otherparty=[[Umbrella for Democratic Change]]|alma_mater=[[George Washington University]]|education=[[George Washington University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BSc]])<br>[[The Wharton School]] ([[Master of Business Administration|MBA]])|honorific-prefix=[[Honour|His Honour]]|majority3=5,674 (41.07%)|office3=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Gaborone Bonnington South]]|predecessor3=Christian Greef|predecessor4=''constituency established''|successor4=[[Christian Ntuba Greef|Christian Greef]]|term_end4=28 August 2019|term_start1=11 November 2024|term_start2=20 May 2024|term_start3=7 November 2024|term_start4=28 October 2014|image_size=200px|occupation=Moitseanape wa itsholelo}} '''Ndaba Nkosinathi Gaolathe''' (o tshotswe ka Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ka 1972)<ref name=":1">Sejabosigo, Jeremiah (7 November 2024). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/83004 "Gaolathe is Vice President of Botswana"]. dailynews.gov.bw.[dead link]</ref><ref name=":0">Gaolathe, Ndaba. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250330040542/https://www.facebook.com/ndaba.gaolathe/about_contact_and_basic_info "Contact and Basic Info"]. ''www.facebook.com/''. Archived from [https://www.facebook.com/ndaba.gaolathe/about_contact_and_basic_info the original] on 30 March 2025. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> ke moitseanape wa itsholelo le lepolotiki la [[Botswana|Motswana]], ga jaana o direla jaaka [[Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana|Mothusa-Tautona wa Botswana]] le Tona ya tsa Madi go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele a supa,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone, ka fa tlase ga ga [[Tautona wa Botswana|Tautona]] [[Duma Boko]]. Gaolathe ke moeteledipele wa lekoko la [[Alliance for Progressives]], e leng le lengwe la makoko a a mo teng ga lekoko le le busang la [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC). Gape ke leloko le le tlhophilweng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] mo kgaolong ya botlhophi ya [[Gaborone Bonnington Borwa]] fa e sale ka [[ditlhopho tsa 2024]], e leng maemo a a kileng a nna mo go one go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . == Ka ga gagwe == === Botshelo jwa pele le thuto === Gaolathe o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le malatsi a matlhano ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi<ref name=":0" />^{[<nowiki/>[[motswedi o o botoka o tlhokega]]]} kwa Gaborone, morwa [[Baledzi Gaolathe]], yo o kileng a nna tona ya tsa madi mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe ka fa tlase ga ga tautona [[Festus Mogae]] le [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241117140319/https://www.sundaystandard.info/tribute-to-a-great-man-ndaba-gaolathe-pays-tribute-to-a-great-man-that-was-his-father-baledzi-gaolathe/ Tribute to a great man, Ndaba Gaolathe pays tribute to a great man that was his father Baledzi Gaolathe], ''Sunday Standard'', 9 June 2010</ref> O tsene sekolo se sebotlana sa Lesedi le se segolwane sa Gaborone pele a ithutela itsholelo kwa [[Yunibesithing ya George Washington]] kwa [[USA|Amerika]], mme a latelwa ke [[MBA]] ya tsa madi kwa [[Sekolong sa Wharton]] sa [[Yunibesithi ya Pennsylvania]], a wetsa dithuto tsa gagwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa.<ref>[https://za.linkedin.com/in/ndaba-gaolathe-a9649388 Ndaba Gaolathe, Linkedin]</ref> === Tiro ya sepolotiki === Kwa tshimologong e ne e le leloko la phathi ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP), e e neng e sale e busa boipuso ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro, Gaolathe o ne a tlogela phathi eo ka nako ya botautona jwa ga Ian Khama, a inaakanya le lekoko la [[Botswana Movement for Democracy]] (BMD), le le neng le simolotswe ke [[Gomolemo Motswaledi]]. Gaolathe o ne a nna moeteledipele yo o tlhageletseng mo gare ga BMD mme a nna le seabe se segolo mo go tsenyeng lekoko mo kgolaganong ya Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC), gammogo le lekoko la [[Botswana National Front]] (BNF) le [[Botswana People's Party|Botswana People’s Party]] (BPP) e leng makoko a mangwe a mabedi a a kgatlhanong le BDP. Morago ga loso lwa tshoganyetso lwa ga Motswaledi mo kotsing ya koloi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Gaolathe o ne a mo tlhatlhama jaaka moeteledipele wa phathi mme a tsenelela ditlhopho jaaka mopati wa ga Duma Boko (moeteledipele wa BNF le UDC) mo [[ditlhophong setshaba]] tsa ngwaga oo, kwa UDC e neng ya tsaya maemo a bobedi. Gaolathe o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la palamente ya Gaborone Bonnington Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa, mo gare ga kgotlhang ya ka fa gare ga BMD, Gaolathe o ne a tlogela UDC mme a lelekwa mo lekokong, morago ga moo a tlhoma [[Alliance for Progressives]], lekoko le le gololesegileng mo setšhabeng le a ntseng a le etelela pele fa e sale ka nako eo. Gaolathe o ne a ema jaaka ntlhopheng wa botautona wa AP mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019|ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]], a nna mo maemong a boraro ka 5.12% ya ditalama tsa batho mme a latlhegelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa palamente.<ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/dcec-is-not-strong-enough-to-enforce-assets-law/ "'DCEC is not strong enough to enforce assets law'"]. ''Botswana Gazette''. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/boko-says-ndaba-gaolathe-will-lose-2/ "Boko says Ndaba Gaolathe will lose"]. ''Botswana Gazette''. 10 October 2019. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> === Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana === Gaolathe o simolotse dipuisano tsa go dira kgolagano le lekoko la [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP), le le eteletsweng pele ke [[Dumelang Saleshando]], pele ga [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa 2024|ditlhopho tsa 2024]]. Morago ga gore dipuisano tseo di palelwe, AP e ne ya swetsa go boela kwa UDC, mme Gaolathe a simolola gape tiro ya gagwe jaaka molaodi wa bobedi wa kopanelo, tota a nna mopati wa ga Boko wa de facto mo ditlhophong. Morago ga phenyo e e tlhomameng ya UDC, e e neng ya tshwaya go fenngwa ga ntlha ga BDP le go tlhatlogela ga ga Boko mo maemong a botautona, Gaolathe, yo o neng a boelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa palamente, o ne a bonwa e le ene yo o nang le kgonagalo e kgolo ya go nna mothusa tautona mo kabineteng ya ga Boko. Ka Ngwanatsele a le gane, malatsi morago ga go nna mo setilong, Boko o ne a tlhomamisa Gaolathe jaaka mothusa tautona wa gagwe.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditso tsa ditlhopho == {| class="wikitable" |+[[Ditlhopho tsa Kakaretso tsa 2014]]: Gaborone Bonnington Borwa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Independent Electoral Commission - Botswana National Assembly, 2014 |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf |access-date=2025-10-23 |archive-date=2022-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628124457/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! colspan="2" |Lekoko !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% |- | |'''[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]]''' !'''Ndaba Gaolathe''' |'''6,646''' |'''57.49''' |- | |[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] !Botsalo Ntuane |3,597 |31.11 |- | |[[Botswana Congress Party|BCP]] !Abbey Buti Chengeta |1.318 |11.40 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Molelwane wa phenyo''' |3,049 |26.38 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Ba ba tlhophileng]] |11,595 |83.95% |- ! colspan="3" |[[Batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng]] |13,811 | |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya ditalama tse di siameng |11,561 |99.71 |- ! colspan="3" |Tse di sa balwang |34 |0.29 |- | ! colspan="5" |Phenyo ya UDC (setilo se sesha) |} {| class="wikitable" |+[[Ditlhopho tsa Kakaretso tsa 2019]]: Gaborone Bonnington Borwa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Independent Electoral Commission - Botswana National Assembly, 2019 |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |access-date=2025-10-23 |archive-date=2024-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! colspan="2" |Lekoko !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !±% |- | |'''[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]]''' ![[Christian Ntuba Greef]] |'''4,603''' |'''43.90''' |'''+12.79''' |- | |[[Alliance for Progressives|AP]] !Ndaba Gaolathe |3,461 |33.01 |−24.48 |- | |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] !Nelson Ramaotwana |2,367 |22.57 |−34.92 |- | |[[RAP]] !Gaolathe Mokgosi |29 |0.29 |''N/A'' |- | |[[Botswana Movement for Democracy|BMD]] !Jopa Osupile |26 |0.25 |''N/A'' |- ! colspan="3" |Molelwane wa phenyo |1,142 |10.89 | +17.08 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya ditalama tse di siameng |10,486 |99.65 |−0.06 |- ! colspan="3" |Ditalama tse di gannweng |37 |0.35 | +0.06 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Ba ba tlhophileng]] |10,523 |84.01 | +0.06 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng]] |12,526 | | |- | | colspan="2" |[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] '''e tsaya''' go tswa mo [[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] ![[Ba ba fetotseng tlhopho]] | +18.64 | |} {| class="wikitable" |+[[Ditlhopho tsa Kakaretso tsa 2024]]: Gaborone Bonnington Borwa<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/82880 "Gaolathe bags Gaborone Bonnington South"]. ''DailyNews''. 31 October 2024.</ref> ! colspan="2" |Lekoko !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !±% |- | |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] !Ndaba Gaolathe |'''8,805''' |'''63.73''' |'''+41.16''' |- | |[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] ![[Christian Ntuba Greef]] |3,131 |22.66 |−21.24 |- | |[[Botswana Congress Party|BCP]] !Montwedi Muzila |1,731 |12.53 |''N/A'' |- | |[[Botswana Patriotic Front|BPF]] !Evidence Ronald |83 |0.60 |''N/A'' |- | |[[Botswana Movement for Democracy|BMD]] !Thongbotho Morupisi |67 |0.48 | +0.23 |- ! colspan="3" |Molelwane wa phenyo |5,674 |41.07 |''N/A'' |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya ditalama tse di siameng |13,817 |99.67 | +0.02 |- ! colspan="3" |Ditalama tse di gannweng |46 |0.33 |−0.02 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Ba ba tlhophileng]] |13,863 |80.85 |−3.16 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng]] |17,147 | | |- | | colspan="2" |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] '''e tsaya''' mo go [[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] ![[Ba ba fetotseng tlhopho]] | +31.20 | |} == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] <references /> == Tsa kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250806180938/https://www.npc.gov.bw/mr-ndaba-nkosinathi-gaolathe Ndaba Nkosinathi Gaolathe | National Planning Board of Botswana] [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1971]] [[Karolo:Maloko a Khuduthamaga ya Puso ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Bathusi ba Tautona]] 05elwxdvzz2828dyadlz667yx4ctw1p 0 11749 52449 48894 2026-07-14T10:46:56Z Lucrucia98 12161 52449 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lemogang Kwape (profile).jpg|thumb|Lemogang Kwape]] '''Lemogang Kwape''' ke rapolotiki wa lefatshe la [[Botswana]], yo o dirileng jaaka Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a Sele fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020). Gape e ne e le Mopalamente wa [[Kanye|Kanye Borwa]].<ref>[https://publicsectormag.net/2022/08/09/hon-dr-lemogang-kwape-minister-of-foreign-affairs-and-international-cooperation-botswana-named-aps-minister-of-the-week/ Hon Dr. Lemogang Kwape, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Botswana, named APS Minister of the Week".] ''Africa Public Sector Magazine''. 2022-08-09. Retrieved 2022-09-03</ref> == Ditiro tsa Botona == * Tona wa Botsogo le Boitekanelo (go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020)<ref>[https://www.pula24.co.bw/amp/news/678-several-batswana-disappointed-as-dr-kwape-is-dropped-as-health-minister/ Several Batswana disappointed as Dr Kwape is dropped as Health Minister - Pula24"]. ''www.pula24.co.bw''. Retrieved 2022-09-03.</ref> * Tona wa Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo (fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki Botswana a dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:Matona a mafatshe a sele a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Matona a Botsogo a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] cyhlzti4cow6e8q2ex7mbvhiwrcxqlf 0 13231 52452 49869 2026-07-14T11:00:39Z MmaBaggio 11091 #wikipedia25 Ke feleleditse tsebe ya Edwin Dikoloti 52452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Edwin Dikoloti | image = Edwin Dikoloti 2023 (cropped).jpg | image_size = | birth_date = | birth_place = [[Botswana]] | office = Assistant Minister of Lands and Agriculture | term_start = 11 November 2024 | term_end = | president = [[Duma Boko]] | predecessor = [[Molebatsi Molebatsi]] | successor = | office2 = Minister of Health of Botswana | term_start2 = 13 February 2022 | term_end2 = 27 September 2024 | president2 = [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | party = [[Independent politician|Independent]] | other_party = [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (until 2024) | spouse = {{marriage|Maipelo Mophuting|2025}} }} '''Edwin Gorataone Dikoloti''' ke rapolotiki le morutabana [[Botswana|wa Motswana]]. Ke Tona e tswareletseng mo lephateng la ditsha le temothuo mo [[Botswana]],<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Launch of the 2022 Theme of the Year on Nutrition in Botswana |url=https://au.int/sw/node/42150 |access-date=19 December 2023}}</ref> ka a tlhomilwe mo maemong ao ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone ke tautona wa gompienong wa Botswana, Duma Gideon Boko. Paka ya gagwe e simolotse ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Government Ministries |url=https://www.govpage.co.za/botswana-government-ministries.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.govpage.co.za |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Republic of Botswana ♦ Embassy in Stockholm, Sweden ♦ |url=http://www.botswana.se/News/CABINET-APPOINTMENTS |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.botswana.se}}</ref> E ne e le leloko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]], o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la [[National Assembly of Botswana]] jaaka leloko le le ikemetseng ka nosi la [[Goodhope-Mmathethe]] kwa ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome amabedi le bone. Dikoloti o ne a direla ka fa tlase ga Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] jaaka Tona ya Tlhabololo ya Temothuo le Tshireletsego ya Dijo go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le jaaka Tona ya Boitekanelo le Boitekanelo go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone .<ref>[https://www.usafricabizsummit.com/USAfricaBizSummit2023/speaker/843610/edwin-dikoloti "Edwin Dikoloti, Ministry of Health".] ''U.S.–Africa Business Summit''. Retrieved 4 June 2026.</ref><ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202008270069.html "President reshuffles cabinet".] ''Daily News''. 26 August 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2026 &#x2013; via AllAfrica.</ref> == Ditshupiso == {{Reflist}} == Dikgolagano tsa kwa ntle == {{S-start}} {{S-bef|before=A eteletswe ke}} {{S-ttl|title=[[Minister of Health of Botswana]]|years=}} {{S-aft|after=A setswe morago ke}} {{S-end}} [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Matona a puso a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Matsalo a seyong]] l3i2tbdgnrmr19bekw0zrg2coh8ltf3 0 14383 52407 52394 2026-07-13T14:38:46Z Atsile Edith 11759 ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52407 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng''' ( '''''Equus quagga''''', e e kileng ya bo e le ''Equus burchellii'' ) ke mofuta o o tlwaelegileng thata wa [[:en:Zebra|pitse ya naga]] . Motseletsele wa yona o kgaogane, fela o akaretsa bontsi jwa borwa le botlhaba jwa Aforika kwa borwa jwa [[:en:Sahara|Sahara]] . [[:en:Subspecies|Mefuta e potlana]] e le thataro kgotsa e le supa e lemogilwe, go akaretsa le quagga e go neng go akanngwa gore ke mofuta o o farologaneng. Dipatlisiso tsa sešweng di tshegetsa dipharologano mo dipalopalong tsa dipitse tsa naga e le phetogo e e diragalang ka bonya mo diponagalong go na le mefutapotlana. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di magareng ka bogolo magareng ga [[:en:Grévy's_zebra|pitse ya naga e kgolo ya Grévy]] le [[:en:Mountain_zebra|pitse ya naga ya dithaba]] e nnye mme di na le go nna le meradi e e sephara go feta tse pedi tse . Pharologano e kgolo mo thulaganyong ya meradi ya letlalo e teng magareng ga di-pharologanong le batho ka bongwe. Lefelo la bonno la dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ka kakaretso, mme e seng fela, ke mafelo a bojang a a senang ditlhare le dikgwa tsa savanna, tsa boboatsatsi le tsa bothitho. Ka kakaretso di tila sekaka, dikgwa tse di kitlaneng tsa pula le mafelo a a metsi a sennela ruri. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di jewa ke [[:en:Lion|ditau]] le [[:en:Spotted_hyena|diphiri tse di marontho]], [[:en:Nile_crocodile|dikwena tsa Nile]] le, ka selekanyo se sennye, [[:en:African_leopard|nkwe]], [[:en:Cheetah|mangau]] le [[:en:African_wild_dog|dintša tsa naga tsa Aforika.]] Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ke mofuta o o nang le loago thata, di bopa ditlhopa tsa tse di namagadi tse di laolwang ke nngwe ya [[:en:Stallion|pitse tse di tona]] , [[:en:Mare|dipitse]] [[:en:Mare|tse di namagadi]] di le mmalwa le bana ba tsona ba bošeng; ditlhopha tse di tona tse di iseng di nne le di namagadi le tsone di a bopega. Ditlhopha di ka nna tsa kopana go bopa metlhape. Diphologolo di nna di disitse diphologolo tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe; di bogola kgotsa di tlhotlhora fa di bona sebatana se se jang ditshedi tse dingwe mme dipitsi tse di namagadi tse di laolwang ke nngwe ya tse di tona e tlhasela dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe go sireletsa di namagadi tsa yone. Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e santse e tlwaelesegile mo [[:en:Game_reserve|mafelong a a sireletsang diphologolo]], mme e tshosediwa ke ditiro tsa batho, jaaka go tsoma nama le letlalo la yona, ga mmogo le kgaisano le [[:en:Livestock|leruo]] le go tsenelela ka go lema mo bontsing jwa [[:en:Habitat|bonno]] jwa yona. Tatlhegelo ya mabala a bojang a a bulegileng ka ntlha ya [[:en:Woody_plant_encroachment|go tsenelela ga dimela tsa logong]] e oketsa bodiphatsa jwa go ja diphologolo tse dingwe mme ka jalo le bonno. <ref name=":1">Chen, Anping; Reperant, Leslie; Fischhoff, Ilya R.; Rubenstein, Daniel I. (2021-07-01). [[doi:10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001|"Increased vigilance of plains zebras (Equus quagga) in response to more bush coverage in a Kenyan savanna"]]. Climate Change Ecology. 1 100001. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021CCEco...100001C 2021CCEco...100001C]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001|10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2666-9005 2666-9005].</ref>Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di kwadilwe jaaka tse di [[:en:Near_threatened|gaufi le go tshosediwa]] ke [[:en:IUCN|IUCN]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro. Palo ya mefuta e tlhomame mme ga e mo kotsing ya go nyelela, le fa palo ya tsone mo dinageng di le dintsi e fokotsegile thata. == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi == Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e ne ya tlhaolwa semmuso ke moithutadiphologolo wa lefatshe la Britain e bong [[:en:John_Edward_Gray|John Edward Gray]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mabedi le bone ele Equus burchellii. Morago ga gore quagga, e e tlhalosiwang ke [[:en:Pieter_Boddaert|Pieter Boddaert]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a supa le masome a robabobedi le botlhano, e fitlhelwe e le mofuta o le mongwe mo ngwagakgolong wa masome a mabedi le bongwe , pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e ne ya bewa gape jaaka Equus quagga ka ntlha ya [[:en:Principle_of_priority|molawana wa go nna kwa pele]].Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng le [[:en:Mountain_zebra|dipitse tsa naga tsa dithaba]] ka tlwaelo di ne di bewa mo [[:en:Subgenus|mofuteng o monnye]] wa ''Hippotigris'', go farologana le [[:en:Grévy's_zebra|pitse ya naga ya ga Grévy]], e e neng e tsewa e le yona fela mofuta wa mofutapotlana wa ''Dolichohippus''; le fa go ntse jalo, bosupi jwa bošeng ( ngwaga wa 2013) jwa bosupi jwa [[:en:Phylogenetic|losika lwa ditshedi]] bo fitlhela gore dipitse tsa naga tsa dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di gaufi thata le dipitse tsa naga tsa Grévy go na le dipitse tsa dithaba.Groves le Bell (ngwaga wa 2004) ba baya mefuta yotlhe e meraro mo mofuteng o monnye wa ''Hippotigris'',[8] mme dipitse tsa naga di lebega e le [[:en:Monophyletic|losika lwa mofuta o le mongwe]]. Mo mafelong a dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng tse di [[:en:Sympatric|nnang le mo lefelong le le lengwe]] le dipitse tsa naga tsa Grévy, go di fitlhela mo metlhapeng e le mengwe ga go a tlwaelesega<ref name=":5">Estes, R. (1991). [[iarchive:isbn_0520080858|The Behavior Guide to African Mammals, Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates]]. University of California Press. pp. [[iarchive:isbn_0520080858/page/242|242–246]]. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08085-0|978-0-520-08085-0.]]</ref>, mme go nna le [[:en:Zebroid|dipopego tsa mefuta tse di kgonang go tsala]] tse di diragalang.<ref>J. E. Cordingley, S. R. Sundaresan, I. R. Fischhoff, B. Shapiro, J. Ruskey, D. I. Rubenstein (2009). "Is the endangered Grevy's zebra threatened by hybridization?". Animal Conservation. 12 (6): 505–513. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AnCon..12..505C 2009AnCon..12..505C]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00294.x|10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00294.x]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:18388598 18388598].</ref> === Mofuta yo mmotlana === Mo patlisisong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone ya dipharologano tsa tlhogo le tsa matlhare fa gare ga sekao, Groves le Bell ba ne ba bona tshegetso ya go kgaoganya pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng go nna mefutapotlana e merataro. Ka dinako tse dingwe go lemogwa mofutapotlana wa bosupa. Go ne go akanngwa gore pitse ya naga ya ga Burchell e ne e tsomiwa go fitlha e nyelela. Le fa go ntse jalo, Groves le Bell ba ne ba swetsa ka gore "pitse ya naga ya Burchell e e sa tlholeng e le teng ke kgopolo e e sa ikaegang ka bosupi bope". Thuto e e kelotlhoko ya dipalopalo tsa ntlha tsa dipitse tsa naga kwa Zululand le Eswatini le matlalo a a tserweng mo dipolaseng tsa diphologolo kwa Zululand le Natal e senotse gore karolo e e rileng e nnye e bontsha go tshwana le se jaanong se tsewang jaaka ''burchellii'' e e tlwaelegileng. Dibaka tsa mofuta tsa mefutapotlana ya ''Equus quagga burchellii'' le ''Equus quagga antiquorum'' di gaufi thata mo eleng gore bobedi bo tota bo ke bongwe hela , ka jalo, e kgolo ya maina a mabedi a e tshwanetse go tlapele go feta e nnye . Ba ne ba akantsha gore leina le le siameng la mofutapotlana e tshwanetse go nna ''burchellii'', e seng ''antiquorum''.[8] Thutopatlisiso ya tsa bosika ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano e netefaditse gore quagga ke mofuta o le mongwe le pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng. E bontshitse gore quagga e ne e na le mefutafuta e mennye ya tsa bosika le gore e ne e fapoga go tswa mo mefuteng e mengwe ya dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng dingwaga di le dikete tse lekgolo le masome a mabedi go ya kwa kwa diketeng tse makgolo a mabedi le borobabongwe tse di fetileng, ka nako ya [[:en:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] le, gongwe, nako ya bobedi go tswa ko bofelong ya fa dikgapetla tsa kapoko di ne di atogile thata. Mokgwa wa yona o o tlhaolegileng wa kobo o ka tswa o fetogile ka bonako ka ntlha ya go itlhaola ga thutafatshe le/kgotsa go tlwaela tikologo e e omileng. Mo godimo ga moo, mefuta e potlana ya dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng e na le go nna le meradi e mennye fa e ntse e nna kwa borwa, mme quagga e ne e le yone e e neng e tshela kwa borwa go gaisa tsotlhe. [[:en:Cladogram|Setshwantsho sa kamano ya losika lwa ditshedi]] se se nolofaditsweng se se fa tlase se ikaegile ka tshekatsheko ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (mefuta mengwe e ne ele ya [[:en:Haplotype|ditlhopa tsa matshwao a boswa a DNA]] tse di abelanwang mme ka jalo di ne di ka se kgone go farologanngwa):[12] Thutopatlisiso ya DNA ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ga e a fitlhela bosupi bope jwa popego ya mefutapotlana mo dipitseng tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng mme, boemong jwa seo, e lemogile tsweletso ya boswa jwa ditshedi go tswa bokone go ya borwa. Dipalopalo tsa dipitse tsa naga tsa segompieno tsa kwa mabaleng di lebega di simolotse kwa Borwa jwa Aforika dingwaga di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mararo le masome a supa tse di fetileng ka dipitse tsa naga tsa dipoa kwa Uganda, palo e e kwa bokone thata, e le yone e e tlhaolegileng thata. == Tlhaloso ya mmele == [[Setshwantsho:Equus burchelli - Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology - DSC02371.JPG|thumb|Pontsho ya marapo kwa [[:en:Kunming_Natural_History_Museum_of_Zoology|mabolokelong a ditso tsa tlhago a Thuto ya diphologolo a Kunming]], kwa [[:en:Kunming|Kunming]], [[:en:Yunnan|Yunnan]], China]] Pitse ya naga ya kwa nabaleng e eme ka bogodimo jwa selekanyo sa boleele jwa lekgolo le masome a mabedi le bosupa go ya kwa lekgolong le masome a mane (masome a matlhano go ya kwa masomeng a matlhano le botlhano a boleele jwa di intshi) ka selekanyo sa boleele jwa tlhogo-mmele jwa sa di sentimetara tsa makgolo a mabedi le lesome le bosupa go ya go kwa makgolong a mabedi le masome a mane le borataro ( selekanyo sa intshi tse masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go ya kwa masome a boreabobongwe le bosupa) le boleele jwa mogatla jwa masome a mane le bosupa go ya kwa masomeng a matlhano le borataro le sephatlho (boleele jwa di intshi tse lesome leborobabobedi le sephatlo go ya kwa masomeng a mabedi le bobedi le ntlha pedi). Tse di tona di bokete makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi go ya kwa makgolong a mararo le masome a mabedi le bobedi (bokete jwa ponto tse makgolo a mane le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go ya kwa makgolong a supa le lesome) fa tse di namagadi di le bokete jwa dikgerama dile sekete di le lekgolo le masome a supa le botlhano go ya kwa makgolong mabedi le masome a matlhano (bokete jwa ponto tse makgolo a mararo le masome a borobabobedi le borataro go ya kwa makgolong a matlhano le masome a matlhano le bongwe).<ref name=":2">Kingdon, J. (1988). East African Mammals: An Atlas of Evolution in Africa, Volume 3, Part B: Large Mammals. University of Chicago Press. pp. 165–179. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-226-43722-4|978-0-226-43722-4]].</ref> Mofuta o o mo magareng ka bogolo fa gare ga pitse e kgolo ya Grévy le pitse e nnye ya dithaba. E na le mmele o o mokhutshwane o o bopaganeng o o nang le maoto a makhutshwane le legata le le nang le phatla e e konegileng kwa ntle le sebopego sa nko e konegileng mo teng. Molala o mokima mo go tse ditonanyana go na le mo go tse di namagadi. Ditsebe di tlhamaletse mme di na le dintlha tse di kgolokwe. Di dikhutshwane go feta tsa pitse ya naga ya dithaba mme di tshesane go feta tsa pitse ya naga ya Grévy. Jaaka ka dipitse tsotlhe tsa naga, pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e na le moriri o o emeng mo molaleng le setlhopha sa moriri kwa bofelong jwa mogatla.<ref name=":3">Grubb, P. (1981). [[doi:10.2307/3503962|"Equus burchellii]]". Mammalian Species (157): 1–9. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3503962|10.2307/3503962]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3503962 3503962].</ref><ref>Rubenstein, D. I. (2001). "Horse, Zebras and Asses". In MacDonald, D. W. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 468. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7607-1969-5|978-0-7607-1969-5]].</ref><ref name=":0">Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, C. T. (2006). The Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region. Cambridge University Press. pp. 243–246. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84418-5|978-0-521-84418-5]].</ref>Moriri wa mmele wa pitse ya naga ke milimetara tse borobabongwe le ntlha e nngwe go oketsega kapa go fokotsega ka bone (bokete jwa diponto tse lefela le ntlha tse di masome a mararo le bosupa go oketsega kapa go fokotsega ka bokete jwa diponto tse lefela le ntlha e nngwe le borataro),<ref name=":0" /> o mokhutshwane go feta wa diphologolo tse dingwe tsa Aforika tse di nang le dinala.<ref>[[:en:Tim_Caro|Caro, T.]]; Izzo, A.; Reiner, R. C.; Walker, H.; Stankowich, T (2014). "[[doi:10.1038/ncomms4535|The function of zebra stripes".]] Nature Communications. 5 3535. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014NatCo...5.3535C 2014NatCo...5.3535C]. doi:10.1038/ncomms4535. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24691390 24691390].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Zebras in Tanzania 4310 Nevit.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho se se gaufi sa mofuta wa meradi wa pitse ya naga kwa Tanzania]] Jaaka dipitse tsa naga tsotlhe, di na le meradi e e bopelokgale ka bontsho le bosweu mme ga go na dipitse tse pedi tse di lebegang di tshwana . Fa e bapisiwa le mefuta e mengwe, pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e na le meradi e e sephara. Meradi e eme ka boleele mo karolong e e kwa pele ya mmele, mme e sekamela kwa go e e rapaletseng mo dikarolong tse di kwa morago. Dipalopalo tsa dipitse tsa naga tsa bokone di na le meradi e e mesesane le e e tlhalositsweng sentle; dipalopalo tsa borwa di na le meradi e e farologaneng fela e mennye mo dikarolong tse di kwa tlase, maoto le dikarolo tsa kwa morago. Dipalopalo tsa borwa le tsone di na le meradi e e tshetla ya "moriti" magareng ga mmala o montsho le o mosweu. Tse ga di yo kgotsa ga di tlhagisiwe sentle mo dipitseng tsa naga tsa bokone. Boboa jwa botsalo jwa namane bo bo setlha le bosweu mme bosetlha bo nna lefifi fa bo ntse bo gola.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>Hack, Mace A.; East, Rod; Rubenstein, Dan J. (2002). [[iarchive:equidszebrasasse0000unse/page/43|"Status and Action Plan for the Plains Zebra (Equus burchelli)]]". In Moehlman, P. D. (ed.). [[iarchive:equidszebrasasse0000unse|Equids. Zebras, Asses and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan]]. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN. pp. 43–57. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0647-4|978-2-8317-0647-4]].</ref> Go begilwe diphetogo tse di sa tlwaelesegang tsa sekao mo dipitseng tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng. Dipitse tsa naga tse di naleng mmala o montsho thata di na le meradi e mentsho e e mentsi mo mmeleng mme di na le meradi e e potlana mo maotong. Ditshedi tse di "nang le marontho" di supa dikgoreletsi mo dikao tse dintsho tsa meradi.<ref name=":4">Larison, Brenda; Kaelin, Christopher B.; Harrigan, Ryan; et al. (2020). "Population structure, inbreeding and stripe pattern abnormalities in plains zebras". Molecular Ecology. 30 (2): 379–390. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/mec.15728|10.1111/mec.15728]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33174253 33174253]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:226305574 226305574].</ref> Go nnile le dipopego tse di nang le mabala a masweu mo lemoragong le lentsho.<ref>Caro, Tim (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=3o-EDQAAQBAJ&q=zebra+stripes Zebra Stripes]. [[:en:University_of_Chicago_Press|University of Chicago Press]]. p. 20. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-226-41101-9|978-0-226-41101-9.]]</ref> Go sa tlwaelega ga go thapa go golagantswe le go tsadisana.<ref name=":4" />Dipitse tsa naga tsa albino di kwadilwe mo dikgweng tsa Thaba ya Kenya, ka methalo e mentsho e le e e bosetlha.[22] Quagga e ne e na le methalo e e borokwa le e mesweu mo tlhogong le mo molaleng, dikarolo tse di kwa godimo tse di borokwa le mpa e tshweu, mogatla le maoto.<ref>Nowak, R. M. (1999). Walker's Mammals of the World. Vol. 1. [[:en:Johns_Hopkins_University_Press|Johns Hopkins University Press]]. pp. 1024–1025. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5789-8|978-0-8018-5789-8.]]</ref> == Thutatikologo == === Khudu e e anameng le bonno jwa yone === Lefelo la dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng le ema gaufi le Sahara go tswa kwa [[:en:South_Sudan|Sudan Borwa]] le kwa borwa jwa [[:en:Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] go ya kwa borwa go bapa le botlhaba jwa Afrika, go fitlha kwa Zambia, Mozambique le Malawi, pele ga go anama le kwa dinageng di le dintsi tsa borwa jwa Afrika. Di ka tswa ba ne ba nna kwa [[:en:Algeria|Algeria]] mo [[:en:Neolithic_era|motlheng wa Neolithic]]. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ka kakaretso di nna mo mafelong a bojang a a senang ditlhare le mo dikgweng tsa savanna, fela di ka fitlhelwa mo mafelong a a farologaneng a bonno, mo mafelong a boboatsatsi le a a bothitho. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kakaretso ga di yo mo dikakeng, mo dikgweng tse di kitlaneng tsa pula, le mo mafelong a a metsi a a nnelang ruri.<ref>Hack, Mace A.; East, Rod; Rubenstein, Dan J. (2002). [[iarchive:equidszebrasasse0000unse/page/43|"Status and Action Plan for the Plains Zebra (Equus burchelli)"]]. In Moehlman, P. D. (ed.). [[iarchive:equidszebrasasse0000unse|Equids. Zebras, Asses and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan]]. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN. pp. 43–57. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0647-4|978-2-8317-0647-4]].</ref> Ka kakaretso di rata dikgwa tsa [[:en:Acacieae|Acacieae]] go na le [[:en:Commiphora|''Commiphora'']]. Di ikaegile ka metsi mme di nna mo [[:en:Mesic_habitat|ditikologong tse di naleng bongola jo bo lekanetseng]] tse dintsi go feta ditshwano tsa pitse tse dingwe tsa Aforika. Ka sewelo di kgarakgatshega seelo sa dikilometara di le lesome go fitlha kwa lesomeng le bobedi (seele sa maele sa borataro le ntlha ya bobedi go fitlha ka bosupeng le ntlha ya botlhano) go tswa kwa motsweding wa metsi. Dipitse tsa naga gape di nna mo mafelong a tlogang ka bogodimo jwa lewatle go ya ka bogodimo jwa maoto a le dikete tse nne le makgolo a mararo ( dimetara tse sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a le mararo) mo [[:en:Mount_Kenya|thabeng ya Kenya]].<ref>Estes, R. (1991). [[iarchive:isbn_0520080858|The Behavior Guide to African Mammals, Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates]]. University of California Press. pp. [[iarchive:isbn_0520080858/page/242|242–246]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08085-0|978-0-520-08085-0]].</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /> Go ikaegile ka palo, metlhape ya dipitse tsa naga e ka nna e e sa direng sepe, e le e e kitlaneng thata ka ditlhopha tse dinnye, kgotsa e e fudugang, e le e e senang batho ba le bantsi ka ditlhopha tse di farologaneng, tse di atologileng tse di omileng le tse di metsi tsa magae.<ref name=":3" /> Fa di fuduga, dipitse tsa naga di lebega di ikaegile ka kgakologelo nngwe ya mafelo a maemo a go batla dijo a neng a le botoka mme di ka bonela pele maemo dikgwedi pele ga go goroga ga tsone.<ref>Bracis, C.; Mueller, T. (2017). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454266 "Memory, not just perception, plays an important role in terrestrial mammalian migration"]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 284 (1855) 20170449. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.0449|10.1098/rspb.2017.0449]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454266 5454266]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28539516 28539516].</ref> Go latlhegelwa ke mabala a bojang a a bulegileng ka ntlha ya go tsenelela ga dimela tsa logong go oketsa kotsi ya go ja ditshedi tse dingwe mme ka jalo bonno jwa ditshedi.<ref name=":1" /> === Dijo le go ja ditshedi tse dingwe === [[Setshwantsho:Lions and a Zebra b.jpg|thumb|Ditau di ja pitse ya naga]] Dibatana tse dikgolo tse di jang dipitse tsa naga tsa dithota ke [[:en:Lion|ditau]] le [[:en:Spotted_hyena|diphiri tse di marontho]]. Ditau di atlega thata fa di lebile ditshedi di le nosi, gantsi e tonanyana e e godileng fa diphiri di lelekisa abo di kgaoganya ditshedi mo setlhopheng, gantsi e le namagadi kgotsa namane ya namane.<ref name=":2" /> [[:en:Nile_crocodile|Dikwena tsa Nile]] le tsone di ja dipitse tsa naga fa di le gaufi le metsi.[26] Dibatana tse di sa tlwaelesegang thata tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe di akaretsa di [[:en:Leopard|nkwe]], [[:en:Cheetah|mangau]], [[:en:African_wild_dog|dintša tsa naga tsa Aforika]], tse bontsi jwa tsone di tsomang dinamane.<ref name=":3" /> Fa di na le tau, dipitse tsa naga di nna di ntshitse matlho dinameng mme di ema ka sediko se se ka nnang dimetara dile lekgolo (boleele jwa maoto a le makgolo a mararo le masome a mararo) mme e seng kwa tlase ga boleele jwa masome a matlhano(boleele jwa maoto a le lekgolo le masome a marataro). Dipitse tse ditona ka dinako tse dingwe di leka go leleka ditau ka jaaka ekete di a di tlhasela. Go farologana, dipitse tsa naga di ka atamela mangau le dintša tsa naga mme phiri e le nngwe e letlelelwa go tla selekanyo sa dimitara di le mmalwa. Go tshaba dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe, pitse ya naga e e godileng e ka taboga ka lebelo la masome a marataro go fitlhela masome a supa ka oura ( masome a mararo le bosupa go fihla masome a mane le boraro wa metara ka oura) .[14] Fa e tsomiwa ke diphiri kgotsa dintša tsa naga, setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse di okamweng ke e tona di nna di le gaufi le go dirisana mmogo go sireletsa maloko a a tshosediwang, segolobogolo bana. Setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse di okamweng ke e tona e tswelela ka go tlhasela dintša kgotsa diphiri. == Boitsholo == Dipitse tsa naga tsa dithota di tsamayatsamaya mme ga di nne mo kgaolong,bogolo jwa [[:en:Home_range|lefelo le le di dirisang]] go farologana go tswa ko dikilometareng tse khutlonne di le masome a mararo (khutlonne ya maele ele lesome le bobedi) go ya ko dikilometareng tse khutlonne di le makgolo a thataro (khutlonne ya maele ele makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo), go tswa mo lefelong le gore a palo ya tsone e a fuduga. Di [[:en:Diurnality|matlhagatlhaga thata motshegare]] mme bontsi jwa nako ya tsone di fula. Ditiro tse dingwe di akaretsa go [[:en:Dust_bathing|tlhapa ka lerole]], go itlotsa, go nwa le go ikhutsa ka dinako tse di rileng e leng nako e khutshwane thata. Bosigo, tiro ya pitse tsa naga e a kokobediwa ko ntleng fa e tshosediwa ke dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe. Di ka nna tsa ikhutsa kgotsa tsa robala di rapame, fa e le nngwe e disitse.<ref name=":5" /> === Popego ya loago === [[Setshwantsho:Zebra Botswana edit02.jpg|thumb|Setlhopha sa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi se se etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona, mo gare ga mohlape]] Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e na le botsalano jo bo kwa godimo mme gantsi e bopa ditlhopha tse dinnye tsa malapa tse di bidiwang di [[:en:Harem_(zoology)|harem]] (setlhopha sa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi se se etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona), tse di nang le pitse ya naga e godileng e le nngwe, dipitse tse di namagdi tse di godileng di le mmalwa le bana ba tsona ba bošeng. Boloko jwa bagolo jwa setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse eteletsweng pele ke pitse ya naga e tona ele nngwe bo tlhomame thata, ka tlwaelo bo nna mmogo dikgwedi go ya dingwageng. Ditlhopha tsa "bachelor"(dipitse tsa naga tse di tonanyana tse di iseng di nne le dinamagadi) tsa banna tsotlhe le tsone di teng. Ditlhopha tse ke tse di tlhomameng tsa banna ba ba ka fitlhang palong ya lesome le botlhano ka tatelano ya maemo e e ikaegileng ka dingwaga, e eteletswe pele ke tona e nnye. Ditonayana tse di nna mo ditlhopheng tsa tsone go fitlha di siametse go simolola setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse eteletsweng pele ke pitse ya naga e tona. Dipitse tse di iseng di nne le dinamagadi di ipaakanyetsa dikarolo tsa tsone tsa bagolo ka dintwa tsa go tshameka le dingwao tsa go dumedisa/go gwetlha, tse di tsayang bontsi jwa ditiro tsa tsone.<ref name=":5" /> Ditlhopha tse dintsi tsa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona, le tsa dipitse tse di iseng di nne le dinamagadi di kopana go bopa metlhape e megolo ya makgolokgolo a diphologolo, segolobogolo ka nako ya go fuduga. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ga di a tlwaelesega mo mefuteng e e tsholang dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona mo go bopeng ditlhopha tse. Mo godimo ga moo, ditlhopa tse pedi tsa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona di ka dira ditlhotshwana tse di tlhomameng ka nakwana mo teng ga motlhape, go letlelela e le nngwe go dirisana le ba ba kwa ntle ga setlhopha sa bone. Mo mefuteng e e okametseng dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona, se se lemogilwe fela mo diphologolong tsa bogologolo jaaka mofuta wa [[:en:Gelada|tshwene ya lefatshe la Ethiopia]] le [[:en:Hamadryas_baboon|tshwene ya hamadryas]].<ref>Rubenstein, D. I.; Hack, M. (2004). "Natural and sexual selection and the evolution of multi-level societies: insights from zebras with comparisons to primates". In Kappeler, P.; van Schaik, C. P. (ed.). Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives. Cambridge University Press. pp. 266–279. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-53738-4|978-0-521-53738-4.]]</ref> Ditlhopha tsa dipitse tse di tona tse di senang di namagadi di na le go nna mo matlhakoreng a metlhape mme fa motlhape o tsamaya, dipitse tse di tona tse di senang di namagadi ba sala morago.<ref name=":0" /> Dipitse tse ditona tsa naga tse di godileng di bopa le go atolosa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona tsa tsona ka go gapa dipitse tse dinnye go tswa mo di-ditlhopeng tsa dinamagadi tse okametseng ke e tona tsa tsone tsa botsalo.<ref name=":5" /> Fa pitse e nnye e namagadi e goroga mo bogolong jwa tlhakanelodikobo mme e nna le modikologo wa yone wa ntlha wa [[:en:Oestrous|go amogela pitse e tona]], e gogela tlhokomelo ya di pitse tsa naga tse di tona tse di godileng tse di gaufi, e leng dipitse tse di senag di namagadi le baeteledipele ba dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona. Pitse e tona ya lelapa la gagwe (e e leng gongwe rraagwe) e leleka kgotsa e lwantsha dipitse tse ditona tse di lekang go mo gapa ka dikgoka. Le morago ga gore pitse ya naga e godileng e kgaoganngwe le dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona ya yone ya botsalo, ntwa ka ga yone e tswelela go fitlhela modikologo wa yone wa go amogela pitse e tona o fela mme e simolola gape ka modikologo o o latelang wa go amogela pitse e tona. Ke ka sewelo gore motshwari wa tlholego wa pitse ya naga ye namagadi godileng e e beye nako e telele.<ref name=":6">Klingel, H. (1969). "Reproduction in the plains zebra Equus burchelli boehmi: behaviour and ecological factors". J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 6: 339–345.</ref> Fa kgabagare pitse e namagadi e godileng [[:en:Ovulation|e ntsha lee]], e tonanyana e e e imisitseng e e boloka go ya go ileng. Ka jalo, pitse ya namagadi e godileng e nna leloko la leruri la setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tonae ntšhwa.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">Alden, P. C., Estes, R. D., Schlitter, D., McBride, B. (1995). National Audubon Society Field Guide to African Wildlife. Chanticleer Press, Inc. p. 151. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-679-43234-0|978-0-679-43234-0.]]</ref> Go amogela pitse e tona mo namagading go nna mo go sa bonaleng thata mo banneng ba ba kwa ntle fa e ntse e gola, ke ka moo kgaisano ya dinamagadi tse di godileng e seyo.<ref name=":3" /> [[Setshwantsho:Fighting Burchell's Zebras in Addo National Elephant Park.JPG|thumb|Dipitse tsa naga tse pedi tse ditonanyana di lwa kwa [[:en:Addo_Elephant_National_Park|lefelong la polokelo ya Ditlou ya Addo]], mo Aforika Borwa]] Dipitse tsa namagdi tse di godileng di teng ka tatelano, ka namane e namagadi ye eteletseng pele mo setlhopeng e le ya ntlha go amana le pitse ye tona ye etellang pele tse di namagadi mme e le yone e e eteletseng setlhopha pele. Fa go tsenngwa dipitse tse di namagadi tse godileng tse dišwa mo setlhopheng, di kopana le bobaba ke dipitse tse di namagadi tse dingwe. Ka jalo, pitse ya naga e tona e e okametseng setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi e tshwanetse go sireletsa dipitse tse dinamagadi tse dišwa go fitlhela bogale bo kokobela.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" />Dinamagadi tse di sa tswang go okediwa di mo maemong a a kwa tlase. Dinamagadi tse di nnang di sa tshwanelege kgotsa di nna bokoa di ka nna tsa wela tlase mo maemong a tsone, le fa go ntse jalo. Boloko jwa basadi jwa setlhopa sa dipitse tse di namagadi tse di eteletsweng pele ke pitse e tona bo nna bo ntse jalo, le fa pitse e ntšhwa e ka tsaya marapo. Ka nako ya dikokoano tsa motlhape, dipitse tse di tona tse di godileng tsa lelwapa di ka nna le botsalano mo go tse dingwe, fa dipitse tse dinamagadi tse di godileng di sa itshokele thata.<ref name=":3" /> flp6z5b27b51nlkzli014lhjkb32xk4 52444 52407 2026-07-14T09:53:55Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 52444 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Plains Zebra area.png|thumb|'''Lekaelagongwe'''<ref name=":8">King, S.R.B.; Moehlman, P.D. (2016). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41013/45172424 Equus quagga]". [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]. 2016 e.T41013A45172424. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T41013A45172424.en|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T41013A45172424.en]]. Retrieved 19 November 2021.</ref>]] '''Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng''' ( '''''Equus quagga''''', e e kileng ya bo e le ''Equus burchellii'' ) ke mofuta o o tlwaelegileng thata wa [[:en:Zebra|pitse ya naga]] . Motseletsele wa yona o kgaogane, fela o akaretsa bontsi jwa borwa le botlhaba jwa Aforika kwa borwa jwa [[:en:Sahara|Sahara]] . [[:en:Subspecies|Mefuta e potlana]] e le thataro kgotsa e le supa e lemogilwe, go akaretsa le quagga e go neng go akanngwa gore ke mofuta o o farologaneng. Dipatlisiso tsa sešweng di tshegetsa dipharologano mo dipalopalong tsa dipitse tsa naga e le phetogo e e diragalang ka bonya mo diponagalong go na le mefutapotlana. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di magareng ka bogolo magareng ga [[:en:Grévy's_zebra|pitse ya naga e kgolo ya Grévy]] le [[:en:Mountain_zebra|pitse ya naga ya dithaba]] e nnye mme di na le go nna le meradi e e sephara go feta tse pedi tse . Pharologano e kgolo mo thulaganyong ya meradi ya letlalo e teng magareng ga di-pharologanong le batho ka bongwe. Lefelo la bonno la dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ka kakaretso, mme e seng fela, ke mafelo a bojang a a senang ditlhare le dikgwa tsa savanna, tsa boboatsatsi le tsa bothitho. Ka kakaretso di tila sekaka, dikgwa tse di kitlaneng tsa pula le mafelo a a metsi a sennela ruri. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di jewa ke [[:en:Lion|ditau]] le [[:en:Spotted_hyena|diphiri tse di marontho]], [[:en:Nile_crocodile|dikwena tsa Nile]] le, ka selekanyo se sennye, [[:en:African_leopard|nkwe]], [[:en:Cheetah|mangau]] le [[:en:African_wild_dog|dintša tsa naga tsa Aforika.]] Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ke mofuta o o nang le loago thata, di bopa ditlhopa tsa tse di namagadi tse di laolwang ke nngwe ya [[:en:Stallion|pitse tse di tona]] , [[:en:Mare|dipitse]] [[:en:Mare|tse di namagadi]] di le mmalwa le bana ba tsona ba bošeng; ditlhopha tse di tona tse di iseng di nne le di namagadi le tsone di a bopega. Ditlhopha di ka nna tsa kopana go bopa metlhape. Diphologolo di nna di disitse diphologolo tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe; di bogola kgotsa di tlhotlhora fa di bona sebatana se se jang ditshedi tse dingwe mme dipitsi tse di namagadi tse di laolwang ke nngwe ya tse di tona e tlhasela dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe go sireletsa di namagadi tsa yone. Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e santse e tlwaelesegile mo [[:en:Game_reserve|mafelong a a sireletsang diphologolo]], mme e tshosediwa ke ditiro tsa batho, jaaka go tsoma nama le letlalo la yona, ga mmogo le kgaisano le [[:en:Livestock|leruo]] le go tsenelela ka go lema mo bontsing jwa [[:en:Habitat|bonno]] jwa yona. Tatlhegelo ya mabala a bojang a a bulegileng ka ntlha ya [[:en:Woody_plant_encroachment|go tsenelela ga dimela tsa logong]] e oketsa bodiphatsa jwa go ja diphologolo tse dingwe mme ka jalo le bonno. <ref name=":1">Chen, Anping; Reperant, Leslie; Fischhoff, Ilya R.; Rubenstein, Daniel I. (2021-07-01). [[doi:10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001|"Increased vigilance of plains zebras (Equus quagga) in response to more bush coverage in a Kenyan savanna"]]. Climate Change Ecology. 1 100001. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021CCEco...100001C 2021CCEco...100001C]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001|10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2666-9005 2666-9005].</ref>Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di kwadilwe jaaka tse di [[:en:Near_threatened|gaufi le go tshosediwa]] ke [[:en:IUCN|IUCN]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro. Palo ya mefuta e tlhomame mme ga e mo kotsing ya go nyelela, le fa palo ya tsone mo dinageng di le dintsi e fokotsegile thata.<ref>IUCN (2016-06-20). [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41013/0 Equus quagga: King, S.R.B. & Moehlman, P.D.: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T41013A45172424] (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t41013a45172424.en|10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-2.rlts.t41013a45172424.en.]]</ref> == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi == Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e ne ya tlhaolwa semmuso ke moithutadiphologolo wa lefatshe la Britain e bong [[:en:John_Edward_Gray|John Edward Gray]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mabedi le bone ele Equus burchellii. Morago ga gore quagga, e e tlhalosiwang ke [[:en:Pieter_Boddaert|Pieter Boddaert]] ka ngwaga wa 1785, e fitlhetswe e le mofuta o le mongwe mo ngwagakgolong wa masome a mabedi le bongwe , pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e ne ya bewa gape jaaka Equus quagga ka ntlha ya [[:en:Principle_of_priority|molawana wa go nna kwa pele]].<ref>Heywood, P. (2015). [http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-01902015000100013 "The Micro-politics of Macromolecules in the Taxonomy and Restoration of Quaggas"]. ''Kronos''. '''41''' (1): 314–337.</ref>Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng le [[:en:Mountain_zebra|dipitse tsa naga tsa dithaba]] ka tlwaelo di ne di bewa mo [[:en:Subgenus|mofuteng o monnye]] wa ''Hippotigris'', go farologana le [[:en:Grévy's_zebra|pitse ya naga ya ga Grévy]], e e neng e tsewa e le yona fela mofuta wa mofutapotlana wa ''Dolichohippus'';<ref>Prothero D.R; Schoch R. M (2003). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=kWpQX-sfsLgC&q=Horns,+Tusks,+and+Flippers:+The+Evolution+of+Hoofed+Mammals Horns, Tusks, and Flippers: The Evolution of Hoofed Mammals']''. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp.&#x20;216–18. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-801-87135-1|&#x20;<bdi>978-0-801-87135-1</bdi>]].</ref> le fa go ntse jalo, bosupi jwa bošeng ( ngwaga wa 2013) jwa bosupi jwa [[:en:Phylogenetic|losika lwa ditshedi]] bo fitlhela gore dipitse tsa naga tsa dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di gaufi thata le dipitse tsa naga tsa Grévy go na le dipitse tsa dithaba.<ref name=":9">Vilstrup, Julia T.; et&#x20;al. (2013). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3577844 "Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of Modern and Ancient Equids"]. ''PLOS ONE''. '''8''' (2) e55950. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013PLoSO...855950V 2013PLoSO...855950V]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055950|10.1371/journal.pone.0055950]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3577844 3577844]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]][https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23437078 &#x20;23437078].</ref>Groves le Bell (ngwaga wa 2004) ba baya mefuta yotlhe e meraro mo mofuteng o monnye wa ''Hippotigris'',<ref name=":10">Groves, C. P.; Bell, C. H. (2004). "New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus ''Equus'', subgenus ''Hippotigris''". ''Mammalian Biology''. '''69''' (3): 182–196. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004MamBi..69..182G 2004MamBi..69..182G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00133|10.1078/1616-5047-00133]].</ref> mme dipitse tsa naga di lebega e le [[:en:Monophyletic|losika lwa mofuta o le mongwe]].<ref name=":9" /> Mo mafelong a dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng tse di [[:en:Sympatric|nnang le mo lefelong le le lengwe]] le dipitse tsa naga tsa Grévy, go di fitlhela mo metlhapeng e le mengwe ga go a tlwaelesega<ref name=":5">Estes, R. (1991). [[iarchive:isbn_0520080858|The Behavior Guide to African Mammals, Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates]]. University of California Press. pp. [[iarchive:isbn_0520080858/page/242|242–246]]. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08085-0|978-0-520-08085-0.]]</ref>, mme go nna le [[:en:Zebroid|dipopego tsa mefuta tse di kgonang go tsala]] tse di diragalang.<ref>J. E. Cordingley, S. R. Sundaresan, I. R. Fischhoff, B. Shapiro, J. Ruskey, D. I. Rubenstein (2009). "Is the endangered Grevy's zebra threatened by hybridization?". Animal Conservation. 12 (6): 505–513. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AnCon..12..505C 2009AnCon..12..505C]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00294.x|10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00294.x]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:18388598 18388598].</ref> === Mofuta yo mmotlana === Mo patlisisong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone ya dipharologano tsa tlhogo le tsa matlhare fa gare ga sekao, Groves le Bell ba ne ba bona tshegetso ya go kgaoganya pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng go nna mefutapotlana e merataro. Ka dinako tse dingwe go lemogwa mofutapotlana wa bosupa.<ref>Beolens, B.; Watkins, M.; Grayson, M. (2009). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals''. Johns Hopkins University Press. p.&#x20;167. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-9304-9|<bdi>978-0-8018-9304-9</bdi>.]]</ref> Go ne go akanngwa gore pitse ya naga ya ga Burchell e ne e tsomiwa go fitlha e nyelela. Le fa go ntse jalo, Groves le Bell ba ne ba swetsa ka gore "pitse ya naga ya Burchell e e sa tlholeng e le teng ke kgopolo e e sa ikaegang ka bosupi bope". Thuto e e kelotlhoko ya dipalopalo tsa ntlha tsa dipitse tsa naga kwa Zululand le Eswatini le matlalo a a tserweng mo dipolaseng tsa diphologolo kwa Zululand le Natal e senotse gore karolo e e rileng e nnye e bontsha go tshwana le se jaanong se tsewang jaaka ''burchellii'' e e tlwaelegileng. Dibaka tsa mofuta tsa mefutapotlana ya ''Equus quagga burchellii'' le ''Equus quagga antiquorum'' di gaufi thata mo eleng gore bobedi bo tota bo ke bongwe hela , ka jalo, e kgolo ya maina a mabedi a e tshwanetse go tlapele go feta e nnye . Ba ne ba akantsha gore leina le le siameng la mofutapotlana e tshwanetse go nna ''burchellii'', e seng ''antiquorum''.<ref name=":10" /> Thutopatlisiso ya tsa bosika ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano e netefaditse gore quagga ke mofuta o le mongwe le pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng. E bontshitse gore quagga e ne e na le mefutafuta e mennye ya tsa bosika le gore e ne e fapoga go tswa mo mefuteng e mengwe ya dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng dingwaga di le dikete tse lekgolo le masome a mabedi go ya kwa kwa diketeng tse makgolo a mabedi le borobabongwe tse di fetileng, ka nako ya [[:en:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] le, gongwe, nako ya bobedi go tswa ko bofelong ya fa dikgapetla tsa kapoko di ne di atogile thata. Mokgwa wa yona o o tlhaolegileng wa kobo o ka tswa o fetogile ka bonako ka ntlha ya go itlhaola ga thutafatshe le/kgotsa go tlwaela tikologo e e omileng. Mo godimo ga moo, mefuta e potlana ya dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng e na le go nna le meradi e mennye fa e ntse e nna kwa borwa, mme quagga e ne e le yone e e neng e tshela kwa borwa go gaisa tsotlhe.<ref name=":11">Hofreiter, M.; Caccone, A.; Fleischer, R. C.; Glaberman, S.; Rohland, N.; Leonard, J. A. (2005). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1617154 "A rapid loss of stripes: The evolutionary history of the extinct quagga]". ''Biology Letters''. '''1''' (3): 291–295. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0323|10.1098/rsbl.2005.0323]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1617154 1617154]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17148190 17148190].</ref> [[:en:Cladogram|Setshwantsho sa kamano ya losika lwa ditshedi]] se se nolofaditsweng se se fa tlase se ikaegile ka tshekatsheko ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (mefuta mengwe e ne ele ya [[:en:Haplotype|ditlhopa tsa matshwao a boswa a DNA]] tse di abelanwang mme ka jalo di ne di ka se kgone go farologanngwa):<ref name=":11" /> Thutopatlisiso ya DNA ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi(2018) ga e a fitlhela bosupi bope jwa popego ya mefutapotlana mo dipitseng tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng mme, boemong jwa seo, e lemogile tsweletso ya boswa jwa ditshedi go tswa bokone go ya borwa. Dipalopalo tsa dipitse tsa naga tsa segompieno tsa kwa mabaleng di lebega di simolotse kwa Borwa jwa Aforika dingwaga di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mararo le masome a supa tse di fetileng ka dipitse tsa naga tsa dipoa kwa Uganda, palo e e kwa bokone thata, e le yone e e tlhaolegileng thata.<ref>Pedersen, Casper-Emil T.; Albrechtsen, Anders; Etter, Paul D.; Johnson, Eric A.; Orlando, Ludovic; Chikhi, Lounes; Siegismund, Hans R.; Heller, Rasmus (2018). "A southern African origin and cryptic structure in the highly mobile plains zebra". ''Nature Ecology & Evolution''. '''2''' (3): 491–498. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NatEE...2..491P 2018NatEE...2..491P.] doi:[[doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0453-7|10.1038/s41559-017-0453-7.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2397-334X 2397-334X]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29358610 29358610]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3333849 3333849].</ref> == Tlhaloso ya mmele == [[Setshwantsho:Equus burchelli - Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology - DSC02371.JPG|thumb|Pontsho ya marapo kwa [[:en:Kunming_Natural_History_Museum_of_Zoology|mabolokelong a ditso tsa tlhago a Thuto ya diphologolo a Kunming]], kwa [[:en:Kunming|Kunming]], [[:en:Yunnan|Yunnan]], China]] Pitse ya naga ya kwa nabaleng e eme ka bogodimo jwa selekanyo sa boleele jwa lekgolo le masome a mabedi le bosupa go ya kwa lekgolong le masome a mane (masome a matlhano go ya kwa masomeng a matlhano le botlhano a boleele jwa di intshi) ka selekanyo sa boleele jwa tlhogo-mmele jwa sa di sentimetara tsa makgolo a mabedi le lesome le bosupa go ya go kwa makgolong a mabedi le masome a mane le borataro ( selekanyo sa intshi tse masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go ya kwa masome a boreabobongwe le bosupa) le boleele jwa mogatla jwa masome a mane le bosupa go ya kwa masomeng a matlhano le borataro le sephatlho (boleele jwa di intshi tse lesome leborobabobedi le sephatlo go ya kwa masomeng a mabedi le bobedi le ntlha pedi). Tse di tona di bokete makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi go ya kwa makgolong a mararo le masome a mabedi le bobedi (bokete jwa ponto tse makgolo a mane le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go ya kwa makgolong a supa le lesome) fa tse di namagadi di le bokete jwa dikgerama dile sekete di le lekgolo le masome a supa le botlhano go ya kwa makgolong mabedi le masome a matlhano (bokete jwa ponto tse makgolo a mararo le masome a borobabobedi le borataro go ya kwa makgolong a matlhano le masome a matlhano le bongwe).<ref name=":2">Kingdon, J. (1988). East African Mammals: An Atlas of Evolution in Africa, Volume 3, Part B: Large Mammals. University of Chicago Press. pp. 165–179. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-226-43722-4|978-0-226-43722-4]].</ref> Mofuta o o mo magareng ka bogolo fa gare ga pitse e kgolo ya Grévy le pitse e nnye ya dithaba. E na le mmele o o mokhutshwane o o bopaganeng o o nang le maoto a makhutshwane le legata le le nang le phatla e e konegileng kwa ntle le sebopego sa nko e konegileng mo teng. Molala o mokima mo go tse ditonanyana go na le mo go tse di namagadi. Ditsebe di tlhamaletse mme di na le dintlha tse di kgolokwe. Di dikhutshwane go feta tsa pitse ya naga ya dithaba mme di tshesane go feta tsa pitse ya naga ya Grévy. Jaaka ka dipitse tsotlhe tsa naga, pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e na le moriri o o emeng mo molaleng le setlhopha sa moriri kwa bofelong jwa mogatla.<ref name=":3">Grubb, P. (1981). [[doi:10.2307/3503962|"Equus burchellii]]". Mammalian Species (157): 1–9. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3503962|10.2307/3503962]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3503962 3503962].</ref><ref>Rubenstein, D. I. (2001). "Horse, Zebras and Asses". In MacDonald, D. W. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 468. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7607-1969-5|978-0-7607-1969-5]].</ref><ref name=":0">Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, C. T. (2006). The Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region. Cambridge University Press. pp. 243–246. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84418-5|978-0-521-84418-5]].</ref>Moriri wa mmele wa pitse ya naga ke milimetara tse borobabongwe le ntlha e nngwe go oketsega kapa go fokotsega ka bone (bokete jwa diponto tse lefela le ntlha tse di masome a mararo le bosupa go oketsega kapa go fokotsega ka bokete jwa diponto tse lefela le ntlha e nngwe le borataro),<ref name=":0" /> o mokhutshwane go feta wa diphologolo tse dingwe tsa Aforika tse di nang le dinala.<ref>[[:en:Tim_Caro|Caro, T.]]; Izzo, A.; Reiner, R. C.; Walker, H.; Stankowich, T (2014). "[[doi:10.1038/ncomms4535|The function of zebra stripes".]] Nature Communications. 5 3535. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014NatCo...5.3535C 2014NatCo...5.3535C]. doi:10.1038/ncomms4535. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24691390 24691390].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Zebras in Tanzania 4310 Nevit.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho se se gaufi sa mofuta wa meradi wa pitse ya naga kwa Tanzania]] Jaaka dipitse tsa naga tsotlhe, di na le meradi e e bopelokgale ka bontsho le bosweu mme ga go na dipitse tse pedi tse di lebegang di tshwana . Fa e bapisiwa le mefuta e mengwe, pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e na le meradi e e sephara. Meradi e eme ka boleele mo karolong e e kwa pele ya mmele, mme e sekamela kwa go e e rapaletseng mo dikarolong tse di kwa morago. Dipalopalo tsa dipitse tsa naga tsa bokone di na le meradi e e mesesane le e e tlhalositsweng sentle; dipalopalo tsa borwa di na le meradi e e farologaneng fela e mennye mo dikarolong tse di kwa tlase, maoto le dikarolo tsa kwa morago. Dipalopalo tsa borwa le tsone di na le meradi e e tshetla ya "moriti" magareng ga mmala o montsho le o mosweu. Tse ga di yo kgotsa ga di tlhagisiwe sentle mo dipitseng tsa naga tsa bokone. Boboa jwa botsalo jwa namane bo bo setlha le bosweu mme bosetlha bo nna lefifi fa bo ntse bo gola.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":12">Hack, Mace A.; East, Rod; Rubenstein, Dan J. (2002). [[iarchive:equidszebrasasse0000unse/page/43|"Status and Action Plan for the Plains Zebra (Equus burchelli)]]". In Moehlman, P. D. (ed.). [[iarchive:equidszebrasasse0000unse|Equids. Zebras, Asses and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan]]. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN. pp. 43–57. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0647-4|978-2-8317-0647-4]].</ref> Go begilwe diphetogo tse di sa tlwaelesegang tsa sekao mo dipitseng tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng. Dipitse tsa naga tse di naleng mmala o montsho thata di na le meradi e mentsho e e mentsi mo mmeleng mme di na le meradi e e potlana mo maotong. Ditshedi tse di "nang le marontho" di supa dikgoreletsi mo dikao tse dintsho tsa meradi.<ref name=":4">Larison, Brenda; Kaelin, Christopher B.; Harrigan, Ryan; et al. (2020). "Population structure, inbreeding and stripe pattern abnormalities in plains zebras". Molecular Ecology. 30 (2): 379–390. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/mec.15728|10.1111/mec.15728]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33174253 33174253]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:226305574 226305574].</ref> Go nnile le dipopego tse di nang le mabala a masweu mo lemoragong le lentsho.<ref>Caro, Tim (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=3o-EDQAAQBAJ&q=zebra+stripes Zebra Stripes]. [[:en:University_of_Chicago_Press|University of Chicago Press]]. p. 20. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-226-41101-9|978-0-226-41101-9.]]</ref> Go sa tlwaelega ga go thapa go golagantswe le go tsadisana.<ref name=":4" />Dipitse tsa naga tsa albino di kwadilwe mo dikgweng tsa Thaba ya Kenya, ka methalo e mentsho e le e e bosetlha.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190329161519/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/03/rare-partially-albino-zebra-spotted-in-serengeti/ "Extremely Rare 'Blonde' Zebra Photographed]". [[:en:National_Geographic|National Geographic]]. 29 March 2019. Archived from [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/03/rare-partially-albino-zebra-spotted-in-serengeti/ the original] on March 29, 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2020.</ref> Quagga e ne e na le methalo e e borokwa le e mesweu mo tlhogong le mo molaleng, dikarolo tse di kwa godimo tse di borokwa le mpa e tshweu, mogatla le maoto.<ref>Nowak, R. M. (1999). Walker's Mammals of the World. Vol. 1. [[:en:Johns_Hopkins_University_Press|Johns Hopkins University Press]]. pp. 1024–1025. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5789-8|978-0-8018-5789-8.]]</ref> == Thutatikologo == === Khudu e e anameng le bonno jwa yone === [[Setshwantsho:Maasai Mara 341.jpg|thumb|Dipitse tsa naga tse di fudugang le dikgokong kwa Maasai Mara]] Lefelo la dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng le ema gaufi le Sahara go tswa kwa [[:en:South_Sudan|Sudan Borwa]] le kwa borwa jwa [[:en:Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] go ya kwa borwa go bapa le botlhaba jwa Afrika, go fitlha kwa Zambia, Mozambique le Malawi, pele ga go anama le kwa dinageng di le dintsi tsa borwa jwa Afrika. Di ka tswa ba ne ba nna kwa [[:en:Algeria|Algeria]] mo [[:en:Neolithic_era|motlheng wa Neolithic]]. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ka kakaretso di nna mo mafelong a bojang a a senang ditlhare le mo dikgweng tsa savanna, fela di ka fitlhelwa mo mafelong a a farologaneng a bonno, mo mafelong a boboatsatsi le a a bothitho. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kakaretso ga di yo mo dikakeng, mo dikgweng tse di kitlaneng tsa pula, le mo mafelong a a metsi a a nnelang ruri.<ref name=":12" /> Ka kakaretso di rata dikgwa tsa [[:en:Acacieae|Acacieae]] go na le [[:en:Commiphora|''Commiphora'']]. Di ikaegile ka metsi mme di nna mo [[:en:Mesic_habitat|ditikologong tse di naleng bongola jo bo lekanetseng]] tse dintsi go feta ditshwano tsa pitse tse dingwe tsa Aforika. Ka sewelo di kgarakgatshega seelo sa dikilometara di le lesome go fitlha kwa lesomeng le bobedi (seele sa maele sa borataro le ntlha ya bobedi go fitlha ka bosupeng le ntlha ya botlhano) go tswa kwa motsweding wa metsi. Dipitse tsa naga gape di nna mo mafelong a tlogang ka bogodimo jwa lewatle go ya ka bogodimo jwa maoto a le dikete tse nne le makgolo a mararo ( dimetara tse sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a le mararo) mo [[:en:Mount_Kenya|thabeng ya Kenya]].<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /> Go ikaegile ka palo, metlhape ya dipitse tsa naga e ka nna e e sa direng sepe, e le e e kitlaneng thata ka ditlhopha tse dinnye, kgotsa e e fudugang, e le e e senang batho ba le bantsi ka ditlhopha tse di farologaneng, tse di atologileng tse di omileng le tse di metsi tsa magae.<ref name=":3" /> Fa di fuduga, dipitse tsa naga di lebega di ikaegile ka kgakologelo nngwe ya mafelo a maemo a go batla dijo a neng a le botoka mme di ka bonela pele maemo dikgwedi pele ga go goroga ga tsone.<ref>Bracis, C.; Mueller, T. (2017). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454266 "Memory, not just perception, plays an important role in terrestrial mammalian migration"]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 284 (1855) 20170449. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.0449|10.1098/rspb.2017.0449]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454266 5454266]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28539516 28539516].</ref> Go latlhegelwa ke mabala a bojang a a bulegileng ka ntlha ya go tsenelela ga dimela tsa logong go oketsa kotsi ya go ja ditshedi tse dingwe mme ka jalo bonno jwa ditshedi.<ref name=":1" /> === Dijo le go ja ditshedi tse dingwe === Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di ja thata bojang; mefuta e e ratwang e le ''[[:en:Themeda_triandra|Themeda triandra]]'', ''[[:en:Cynodon_dactylon|Cynodon dactylon]]'', ''[[:en:Eragrostis_superba|Eragrostis superba]]'' le ''[[:en:Cenchrus_ciliaris|Cenchrus ciliaris]]''. Dipitse tsa naga ka dinako tse dingwe di [[:en:Browsing_(herbivory)|batlisisa mo ditlhareng]] [[:en:Browsing_(herbivory)|tse dinnye]] le [[:en:Herb|dimela tsa bojang]], [[:en:Leaves|matlhare]] le [[:en:Twig|dikala]] kgotsa di epa [[:en:Corm|dikoromo]] le [[:en:Rhizome|dirhizomo]] ka paka ya komelelo.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":13">"[https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Equus_burchellii/ Equus burchellii (Burchell's zebra)"]. ''[[:en:Animal_Diversity_Web|Animal Diversity Web]]''.</ref>Di lebega di a tle di je [[:en:Colophospermum_mopane|Colophospermum mopane]] le [[:en:Pterocarpus_rotundifolius|Pterocarpus rotundifolius]] tse di fisitsweng, di ja matlhare le dikala ka bobedi.<ref name=":0" /> Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di tlwaetse go fula mo dikutung tsa bojang tse ditelele, tse di thata le bojang jo bokhutshwane jo bo sa tswang go tlhoga (dikutu le dikgapetla).<ref name=":13" /> Mo mafelong mangwe, ga se gantsi e fula ka fa tlase ga boleele jwa di milimetara tse lekgolo go fitlhela kwa lekgolong le masome a matlhano (boleele jwa di intshi tse tharo le ntlha e robangbongwe go fitlhela kwa botlhanong le ntlha e robangbongwe) go ya kwa maemong a fa fatshe. E aname go feta mefuta e mengwe e mentsi, le mo [[:en:Woodland|dikgweng]], mme gantsi ke mofuta wa ntlha o o fulang go tlhagelela mo lefelong le le nang le dimela tse dintsi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":0" /> Molomo o o kwa godimo o o tenyetsegang o di letla go kgoromeletsa dilo tsa dimela fa gare ga meno a a segang go sega.<ref name=":0" /> Dipitse tsa naga di na le thulaganyo ya tshilo ya dijo e e sa direng sentle go feta [[:en:Ruminant|diphologolo tse di otlang]] mme go feta ga dijo go menagane gabedi.<ref name=":3" /> Ka jalo, dipitse tsa naga ga di tlhophe thata fa di batla dijo, mme di fetsa nako e ntsi di ja. Pitse ya naga ke mofudi wa mmulatsela mme e baakanyetsa difudi tse di kgethegileng jaaka [[:en:Blue_wildebeest|dikgokong tse di]] [[:en:Blue_wildebeest|tala]] le [[:en:Thomson's_gazelle|ditshephe tsa Thomson]].<ref name=":5" />[[Setshwantsho:Lions and a Zebra b.jpg|thumb|Ditau di ja pitse ya naga]] Dibatana tse dikgolo tse di jang dipitse tsa naga tsa dithota ke [[:en:Lion|ditau]] le [[:en:Spotted_hyena|diphiri tse di marontho]]. Ditau di atlega thata fa di lebile ditshedi di le nosi, gantsi e tonanyana e e godileng fa diphiri di lelekisa abo di kgaoganya ditshedi mo setlhopheng, gantsi e le namagadi kgotsa namane ya namane.<ref name=":2" /> [[:en:Nile_crocodile|Dikwena tsa Nile]] le tsone di ja dipitse tsa naga fa di le gaufi le metsi.<ref>Kennedy, A. S., & Kennedy, V. (2013). ''Animals of the Masai Mara''. Princeton University Press. p.&#x20;130. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-691-15601-9|978-0-691-15601-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Dibatana tse di sa tlwaelesegang thata tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe di akaretsa di [[:en:Leopard|nkwe]], [[:en:Cheetah|mangau]], [[:en:African_wild_dog|dintša tsa naga tsa Aforika]], tse bontsi jwa tsone di tsomang dinamane.<ref name=":3" /> Fa di na le tau, dipitse tsa naga di nna di ntshitse matlho dinameng mme di ema ka sediko se se ka nnang dimetara dile lekgolo (boleele jwa maoto a le makgolo a mararo le masome a mararo) mme e seng kwa tlase ga boleele jwa masome a matlhano(boleele jwa maoto a le lekgolo le masome a marataro). Dipitse tse ditona ka dinako tse dingwe di leka go leleka ditau ka jaaka ekete di a di tlhasela. Go farologana, dipitse tsa naga di ka atamela mangau le dintša tsa naga mme phiri e le nngwe e letlelelwa go tla selekanyo sa dimitara di le mmalwa. Go tshaba dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe, pitse ya naga e e godileng e ka taboga ka lebelo la masome a marataro go fitlhela masome a supa ka oura ( masome a mararo le bosupa go fihla masome a mane le boraro wa metara ka oura) .<ref name=":2" /> Fa e tsomiwa ke diphiri kgotsa dintša tsa naga, setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse di okamweng ke e tona di nna di le gaufi le go dirisana mmogo go sireletsa maloko a a tshosediwang, segolobogolo bana. Setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse di okamweng ke e tona e tswelela ka go tlhasela dintša kgotsa diphiri.<ref name=":5" /> == Boitsholo == Dipitse tsa naga tsa dithota di tsamayatsamaya mme ga di nne mo kgaolong,bogolo jwa [[:en:Home_range|lefelo le le di dirisang]] go farologana go tswa ko dikilometareng tse khutlonne di le masome a mararo (khutlonne ya maele ele lesome le bobedi) go ya ko dikilometareng tse khutlonne di le makgolo a thataro (khutlonne ya maele ele makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo), go tswa mo lefelong le gore a palo ya tsone e a fuduga. Di [[:en:Diurnality|matlhagatlhaga thata motshegare]] mme bontsi jwa nako ya tsone di fula. Ditiro tse dingwe di akaretsa go [[:en:Dust_bathing|tlhapa ka lerole]], go itlotsa, go nwa le go ikhutsa ka dinako tse di rileng e leng nako e khutshwane thata. Bosigo, tiro ya pitse tsa naga e a kokobediwa ko ntleng fa e tshosediwa ke dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe. Di ka nna tsa ikhutsa kgotsa tsa robala di rapame, fa e le nngwe e disitse.<ref name=":5" /> === Popego ya loago === [[Setshwantsho:Zebra Botswana edit02.jpg|thumb|Setlhopha sa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi se se etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona, mo gare ga mohlape]] Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e na le botsalano jo bo kwa godimo mme gantsi e bopa ditlhopha tse dinnye tsa malapa tse di bidiwang di [[:en:Harem_(zoology)|harem]] (setlhopha sa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi se se etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona), tse di nang le pitse ya naga e godileng e le nngwe, dipitse tse di namagdi tse di godileng di le mmalwa le bana ba tsona ba bošeng. Boloko jwa bagolo jwa setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse eteletsweng pele ke pitse ya naga e tona ele nngwe bo tlhomame thata, ka tlwaelo bo nna mmogo dikgwedi go ya dingwageng. Ditlhopha tsa "bachelor"(dipitse tsa naga tse di tonanyana tse di iseng di nne le dinamagadi) tsa banna tsotlhe le tsone di teng. Ditlhopha tse ke tse di tlhomameng tsa banna ba ba ka fitlhang palong ya lesome le botlhano ka tatelano ya maemo e e ikaegileng ka dingwaga, e eteletswe pele ke tona e nnye. Ditonayana tse di nna mo ditlhopheng tsa tsone go fitlha di siametse go simolola setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tse eteletsweng pele ke pitse ya naga e tona. Dipitse tse di iseng di nne le dinamagadi di ipaakanyetsa dikarolo tsa tsone tsa bagolo ka dintwa tsa go tshameka le dingwao tsa go dumedisa/go gwetlha, tse di tsayang bontsi jwa ditiro tsa tsone.<ref name=":5" /> Ditlhopha tse dintsi tsa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona, le tsa dipitse tse di iseng di nne le dinamagadi di kopana go bopa metlhape e megolo ya makgolokgolo a diphologolo, segolobogolo ka nako ya go fuduga. Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng ga di a tlwaelesega mo mefuteng e e tsholang dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona mo go bopeng ditlhopha tse. Mo godimo ga moo, ditlhopa tse pedi tsa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona di ka dira ditlhotshwana tse di tlhomameng ka nakwana mo teng ga motlhape, go letlelela e le nngwe go dirisana le ba ba kwa ntle ga setlhopha sa bone. Mo mefuteng e e okametseng dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona, se se lemogilwe fela mo diphologolong tsa bogologolo jaaka mofuta wa [[:en:Gelada|tshwene ya lefatshe la Ethiopia]] le [[:en:Hamadryas_baboon|tshwene ya hamadryas]].<ref>Rubenstein, D. I.; Hack, M. (2004). "Natural and sexual selection and the evolution of multi-level societies: insights from zebras with comparisons to primates". In Kappeler, P.; van Schaik, C. P. (ed.). Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives. Cambridge University Press. pp. 266–279. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-53738-4|978-0-521-53738-4.]]</ref> Ditlhopha tsa dipitse tse di tona tse di senang di namagadi di na le go nna mo matlhakoreng a metlhape mme fa motlhape o tsamaya, dipitse tse di tona tse di senang di namagadi ba sala morago.<ref name=":0" /> Dipitse tse ditona tsa naga tse di godileng di bopa le go atolosa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona tsa tsona ka go gapa dipitse tse dinnye go tswa mo di-ditlhopeng tsa dinamagadi tse okametseng ke e tona tsa tsone tsa botsalo.<ref name=":5" /> Fa pitse e nnye e namagadi e goroga mo bogolong jwa tlhakanelodikobo mme e nna le modikologo wa yone wa ntlha wa [[:en:Oestrous|go amogela pitse e tona]], e gogela tlhokomelo ya di pitse tsa naga tse di tona tse di godileng tse di gaufi, e leng dipitse tse di senag di namagadi le baeteledipele ba dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona. Pitse e tona ya lelapa la gagwe (e e leng gongwe rraagwe) e leleka kgotsa e lwantsha dipitse tse ditona tse di lekang go mo gapa ka dikgoka. Le morago ga gore pitse ya naga e godileng e kgaoganngwe le dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tona ya yone ya botsalo, ntwa ka ga yone e tswelela go fitlhela modikologo wa yone wa go amogela pitse e tona o fela mme e simolola gape ka modikologo o o latelang wa go amogela pitse e tona. Ke ka sewelo gore motshwari wa tlholego wa pitse ya naga ye namagadi godileng e e beye nako e telele.<ref name=":6">Klingel, H. (1969). "Reproduction in the plains zebra Equus burchelli boehmi: behaviour and ecological factors". J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 6: 339–345.</ref> Fa kgabagare pitse e namagadi e godileng [[:en:Ovulation|e ntsha lee]], e tonanyana e e e imisitseng e e boloka go ya go ileng. Ka jalo, pitse ya namagadi e godileng e nna leloko la leruri la setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse dinamagadi tse di etelelwang pele ke pitse ya naga e tonae ntšhwa.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">Alden, P. C., Estes, R. D., Schlitter, D., McBride, B. (1995). National Audubon Society Field Guide to African Wildlife. Chanticleer Press, Inc. p. 151. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-679-43234-0|978-0-679-43234-0.]]</ref> Go amogela pitse e tona mo namagading go nna mo go sa bonaleng thata mo banneng ba ba kwa ntle fa e ntse e gola, ke ka moo kgaisano ya dinamagadi tse di godileng e seyo.<ref name=":3" /> [[Setshwantsho:Fighting Burchell's Zebras in Addo National Elephant Park.JPG|thumb|Dipitse tsa naga tse pedi tse ditonanyana di lwa kwa [[:en:Addo_Elephant_National_Park|lefelong la polokelo ya Ditlou ya Addo]], mo Aforika Borwa]] Dipitse tsa namagadi tse di godileng di teng ka tatelano, ka namane e namagadi ye eteletseng pele mo setlhopeng e le ya ntlha go amana le pitse ye tona ye etellang pele tse di namagadi mme e le yone e e eteletseng setlhopha pele. Fa go tsenngwa dipitse tse di namagadi tse godileng tse dišwa mo setlhopheng, di kopana le bobaba ke dipitse tse di namagadi tse dingwe. Ka jalo, pitse ya naga e tona e e okametseng setlhopa sa dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi e tshwanetse go sireletsa dipitse tse dinamagadi tse dišwa go fitlhela bogale bo kokobela.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" />Dinamagadi tse di sa tswang go okediwa di mo maemong a a kwa tlase. Dinamagadi tse di nnang di sa tshwanelege kgotsa di nna bokoa di ka nna tsa wela tlase mo maemong a tsone, le fa go ntse jalo. Boloko jwa basadi jwa setlhopa sa dipitse tse di namagadi tse di eteletsweng pele ke pitse e tona bo nna bo ntse jalo, le fa pitse e ntšhwa e ka tsaya marapo. Ka nako ya dikokoano tsa motlhape, dipitse tse di tona tse di godileng tsa lelwapa di ka nna le botsalano mo go tse dingwe, fa dipitse tse dinamagadi tse di godileng di sa itshokele thata.<ref name=":3" /> Pitse ya naga e tona e sireletsa setlhapa sa dinamagadi se e di etellang pele ya yone mo go tse dingwe tse ditonanyana. Fa e gwetlhiwa, pitse e tona e ntsha tlhagiso mo motlhaseding ka go itlotsa nko kgotsa legetla le ene. Fa tlhagiso e sa tsewe tsia, go tsoga ntwa. Gantsi dintwa tsa dipitse tsa naga di nna tse di bogale thata, diphologolo di lomana mo melaleng, mo ditlhogong kgotsa mo maotong, di itaana go fitlhela fa fatshe mme nako le nako di raga. Ka dinako tse dingwe, pitse ya naga ya namane e rapama fa fatshe jaaka e kete e a ineela, mme fa e tonanyana e nngwe e sena go ineela, e a itaya mme e tswelele ka ntwa. Bontsi jwa dintwa bo diragala mo godimo ga dipitse tse dinnye mo nakong ya go go amogela pitse e tona mme fa fela pitse ye tona ye etellang pele tse di namagadi mme e le yone e e eteletseng setlhopha pele e itekanetse, gantsi ga e gwetlhege. Ke fela dipitse tsa naga tse di tona tse di sa itekanelang di tseelwang setlhopa sa dinamagadi se e di etellang pele tsa tsona mme le fa go ntse jalo, pitse e tona e ntšhwa e tsaya ka iketlo, e kgoromeletsa ye kgologolo kwa ntle ntle le ntwa.<ref name=":5" /> == Tlhaeletsano == [[Setshwantsho:Equus quagga (185908025).jpg|thumb|Dipitse tsa naga di a tlhokomelana]] Bonnye dipitso di le thataro tse di farologaneng di kwadilwe tsa pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng. E nngwe ke pitso ya yona e e tlhaolang, e e kwa godimo, e e dirisiwang go ikgolaganya (e gantsi e bidiwang "go bogola") e e utlwiwang jaaka "a-ha, a-ha, a-ha" kgotsa "kwa-ha, kaw-ha, ha, ha"<ref name=":3" /> e gape e kwalolotsweng jaaka "kwahaah",<ref>Max, D. T. (1 January 2006). [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/01/magazine/01taxidermy.html "Can You Revive an Extinct Animal?"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. Retrieved 2014-03-03.</ref> kgotsa "oug-ga".<ref>Wikisource [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]], ed. (1911). "[[wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Quagga|Quagga]]". [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|Encyclopædia Britannica]] (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</ref> Leina la mofuta wa ''quagga'' le tswa mo lefokong la [[:en:Khoikhoi|batho ba selegae ba kwa borwa jwa Aforika]] le le kayang "pitse ya naga" mme ke le dirilwe go tshwana le dirilwe [[:en:Onomatopoeia|go tshwana le modumo]] wa yone.<ref>Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, C. T. (2005). "Equidae". The Mammals of the Southern African Subregion (3rd ed.). [[:en:Cambridge_University_Press|Cambridge University Press]]. pp. 537–546. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84418-5|978-0-521-84418-5]].</ref> Fa go bonwa sebatana se se jang ditshedi tse dingwe, pitse ya naga e dira pitso ya tlhagiso ya dinoko dile pedi. Go dirwa modumo wa go rora go go kwa godimo fa go tsamaya go bipilwe kotsi e e ka nnang teng. Fa e kgotsofetse, pitse ya naga e dira modumo o o gogetsweng kwa ntle thata. Ditonyana di dira selelo se sekhutshwane, se se kwa godimo fa di utlwile botlhoko, mme pitsana e nnye di ntsha selelo se se gogilweng fa di le mo tlalelong.<ref name=":3" /> Dipopego tse pedi tse dikgolo tsa sefatlhego di dirwa ke dipitse tsa naga; tumediso le matshosetsi. Mo maemong a ka bobedi, dipounama di gogelwa kwa morago mme go dirwe ditshutiso tsa go tlhafuna. Go dumedisa go akaretsa ditsebe di kgomaretse kwa godimo le go lebisa kwa pele; fa matshosetsi a akaretsa ditsebe tse di kwa tlase.<ref name=":3" /> Dipitse tsa naga di nonotsha dikamano tsa tsona tsa loago ka go [[:en:Social_grooming|itlhokomela]]. Maloko a setlhopa sa dipitse tsa namagadi tse di eteletsweng pele k pitse ya naga e tona a loma le go tlhotlhora mo molaleng, mo ditlhaeng le mo mokwatleng ka meno le dipounama tsa one. Bomme le dinamane ke tsone tse di itlhokomelang gantsi, mme di latelwa ke bana ba mmabone. Go ipaakanya go supa maemo a loago le go fokotsa maitsholo a a bogale.<ref name=":5" /> === Go tsala le go nna motsadi === [[Setshwantsho:Burchell's zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) suckling.jpg|thumb|Pitse ya naga e e tsalang e amusa namane ya yone]] Pitse ya naga e tona e amana le dipitse tsa naga tse di namagadi tsotlhe tsa yone. Tse ditona ba bontsha tsibogo ya tsholetsa molomo o o tsholeditswang go sekaseka menko tsa kamogelo ya basadi, e e akaretsang go sokologa ga molomo o o kwa godimo go boela morago go nkga moroto (ka serwe sa vomeronasal). E namagadi e supa gore e siametse go tlhakanela dikobo ka go tshwara maoto a yona le go tsholetsa mogatla wa yona. Paka ya boimana e tsaya mo e ka nnang ngwaga, mme go tlhagisiwa ngwana a le mongwe. Dipitse tse di namagadi di ka tsala namane e le nngwe dikgwedi dingwe le dingwe di le lesome le bobedi. Setlhoa sa tsalo ke ka paka ya dipula. Pitse e tsala mo tikologong ya setlhopha sa yone e robetse ka letlhakore la yona. Namane e e sa tswang go tsalwa e bokete jwa dikilogereme tse masome a mararo go ya kwa masomeng a mararo le botlhano (bokete jwa dipontotse masome a marataro le borataro go fitlha gwa masomeng a supa le bosupa )mme morago ga tsalo ga e jewe ka sewelo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> [[Setshwantsho:Grévy's × Plains Zebra, ol pejeta imported from iNaturalist photo 401473965 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Motswako wa dipitse tsa naga tsa Grévy le tsa kwa mabaleng, e bapile le dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng.]] Lesea le le sa tswang go tsholwa le kgona go ema ka yone nako eo mme le simolola go ja bojang mo lobakeng lwa beke. Go sa le gale, pitse ya naga e e tsalang e dira gore pitse ya naga epe e nngwe e nne kgakala le namane ya yone, go akaretsa le pitse ya naga e tona, dipitse tse dingwe tse di namagadi, tota le bana ba yone ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, moragonyana botlhe ba a bopagana. Mo gare ga setlhopha, namane e na le maemo a a tshwanang le a ga mmaayone.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14">Nunez, C. M. V.; Rubenstein, D. I.; Asa, C. S. (2011). "Zebra Reproduction". In McKinnon, A. O.; Squires, E. L.; Vaala, E. L.; Varner, D. D. (ed.). Equine Reproduction. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 2851–2865. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8138-1971-6|978-0-8138-1971-6.]]</ref><ref name=":0" /> Pitse ya naga e tona ka kakaretso ga e itshokele dinamane tse e seng tsa gagwe, mme dipitse tsa naga di ka nna tsa [[:en:Infanticide_(zoology)|bolaya]] [[:en:Infanticide_(zoology)|lesea le le tshotsweng]] le go [[:en:Feticide|bolaya lesea le le mo popelong]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120222174717/http://www.ivb.cz/folia/54/3/258-262.pdf "Further evidence for male infanticide and feticide in captive plains zebras"] (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ivb.cz/folia/54/3/258-262.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2012-07-03.</ref> Dintsho tsa dinamane di kwa godimo mo ngwageng wa tsone wa ntlha wa botshelo mme gantsi di bakwa ke go jewa ke diphologolo tse dingwe. Le fa go ntse jalo, bana ba dipitse tsa naga ba fiwa tshireletso e ntsi go feta ya mefuta e e tshwanang le dikgokong tsa naga le [[:en:Hartebeest|kgama]]. Namane gantsi e kgwesiwa lebele mo dikgweding di ka nna lesome le bongwe, fela e ka anya nako e telele. Dinamagadi di fitlha mo dingwageng tsa tshimologo ya go gola ga mmele pele ga dingwaga di le tharo, mme tse ditonanyana morago ga dingwaga di le tlhano kgotsa thataro. Dipitse tsa naga tse dinnye tse ditonanyana di feleletsa di tlogetse ditlhopha tsa malapa a tsone jaaka fa kamano le bommaatsone e nyelela morago ga go tsholwa ga ngwana kwa gae. Go tswa foo pitse ya naga e nnye e batla dipitse tse dingwe tse dinnye gore e nne le tsone. Dinamagadi tse dinnye di ka nna mo ntlong ya basadi go fitlhela di gapiwa ke pitse ya naga e tona e nngwe.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":14" /><ref name=":0" />Dipitse tsa naga tsa kwa mabaleng di na le palogare ya botshelo jwa dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le botlhano kwa nageng.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210225171557/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/plains-zebra Plains Zebra | National Geographic"]. Animals. 2010-09-10. Archived from [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/plains-zebra the original] on February 25, 2021. Retrieved 2022-12-15.</ref> == Ditirisano tsa batho == [[Setshwantsho:Quagga in enclosure.jpg|thumb|Pitse ya quagga kwa Serapeng sa Diphologolo sa London, 1870]] Ka ngwaga wa 2016, pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng e ne ya bewa mo setlhopheng sa tse di gaufi le go tshosediwa ke [[:en:IUCN|IUCN]]. Go tloga ka ngwaga oo, palogotlhe ya diruiwa tse ka bongwe e akanyediwa go nna diruiwa di ka nna dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Mofuta o wa diphologolo o sa ntse o tlwaelegile mo lefelong lotlhe la one mme o itemogetse go phokotsego ya palo ya diruiwa mo dinageng di le lesome mo mahatsheng a lesome le bosupa tse di tlholegang kwa go tsone. Di tlhomame kwa mafatsheng a [[:en:Ethiopia|Ethiopia]], [[Malawi]], le [[:en:South_Africa|Aforika Borwa]] mme gongwe le kwa [[Angola]]; e tlhomame kgotsa e oketsega kwa mafatsheng a [[Mozambique]], [[Namibia]] le [[:en:Eswatini|Eswatini]]; le go fokotsega kwa mafatsheng a [[Botswana]], [[:en:DR_Congo|DR Congo]], [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]], [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]], [[:en:Somalia|Somalia]], [[:en:South_Sudan|Borwa jwa Sudan]], [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]], [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]], [[:en:Zambia|Zambia]], le [[:en:Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]]. Di nyeletse kwa mafatsheng a [[:en:Burundi|Burundi]], [[:en:Lesotho|Lesotho]] mme gongwe le kwa Somalia.<ref name=":8" /> Dipitse tsa naga di tshosediwa ke go tsomiwa ga letlalo le nama ya tsona, le phetogo ya bonno go tswa mo temothuong. Gape di gaisana le leruo go bona dijo,<ref>Young, T. P.; T. M. Palmer; M. E. Gadd (2005). "Competition and compensation among cattle, zebras, and elephants in a semi-arid savanna in Laikipia, Kenya". Biological Conservation. 121 (2): 351–359. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005BCons.122..351Y 2005BCons.122..351Y]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2004.08.007|10.1016/j.biocon.2004.08.007]].</ref><ref>Odadi, W. O.; T. P. Young; J. B. Okeyo-Owour (2009). "The effects of wild herbivores on cattle intake and movement rates in Laikipia rangeland, Kenya". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 116 (2–4): 120–125. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.08.010|10.1016/j.applanim.2008.08.010]].</ref><ref name=":12" /> mme gape le terata e thibela ditsela tsa go fuduga.<ref name=":8" /> Dintwa tsa selegae mo mahatseng a mangwe le tsone di bakile go fokotsega ga palo ya dipitse tsa naga.<ref name=":12" /> Pitse ya naga e ka fitlhelwa mo mafelong a le mantsi a a sireleditsweng go ralala lefelo la yone, go akaretsa le [[:en:Serengeti_National_Park|Serapa ya Bosetšhaba jwa diphologolo ya Serengeti]] kwa lefatsheng la Tanzania, [[:en:Tsavo|Tsavo]] le [[:en:Masai_Mara|Masai Mara]] kwa lefatsheng la Kenya, [[:en:Hwange_National_Park|Serapa sa Bosetšhaba sa Hwange]] kwa Zimbabwe, [[:en:Etosha_National_Park|Serapa ya Bosetšhaba ya Etosha]] kwa Namibia, le [[:en:Kruger_National_Park|Serapa sa Bosetšhaba jwa diphologolo sa Kruger]] kwa lefatsheng la Aforika Borwa. Dipalopalo dingwe tse di tlhomameng di nna mo mafelong a a sa sirelediwang.<ref name=":8" /> Dipitse tsa naga tsa quagga di ne di tsongwa ke baagi ba ntlha ba Dutch mme moragonyana ke [[:en:Afrikaner|Ma-Afrikaners]] go itlamela ka nama kgotsa go dira matlalo a tsona. Matlalo a ne a rekisiwa kgotsa a dirisiwa mo lefelong la gaetsho. Quagga e ka tswa e ne e le mo kotsing ya go nyelela ka ntlha ya go anamisiwa ga yona mo go lekanyeditsweng, mme e ka tswa e ne e gaisana le leruo la selegae go bona tlhaga. Quagga ya bofelo e e itsiweng ya naga e tlhokafetse ka ngwaga wa 1878.<ref>Weddell, B. J. (2002). [[iarchive:conservingliving00wedd_343|Conserving Living Natural Resources: In the Context of a Changing World]]. Cambridge University Press. p. [[iarchive:conservingliving00wedd_343/page/n62|46]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-78812-0|978-0-521-78812-0]].</ref>Quagga ya bofelo e e neng e tshwerwe, e e namagadi kwa serapeng sa diphologolo tsa [[:en:Natura_Artis_Magistra|Natura Artis Magistra]] kwa Amsterdam, e ne ya nna koo go tloga ka la bo kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 1867 go fitlhela e tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1883, mme tshimologo ya yone le se se bakileng loso lwa yona ga di tlhaloganyesege.<ref>Van Bruggen, A.C. (1959). [https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA00382353_1382 "Illustrated notes on some extinct South African ungulates"]. South African Journal of Science. 55: 197–200.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1984, quagga e nnile phologolo ya ntlha e e nyeletseng e e kileng ya sekasekwa karolwana e e rweleng tshedimosetso ya boswa jwa ditshedi tsa yone, mme [[:en:Quagga_Project|lenaneo la Quagga]] le leka go tlhama sešwa [[:en:Phenotype|diponagalo tse di bonalang]] tsa ditshedi tsa thulaganyo ya meradi ya kobo ya moriri le dipharologantsho tse di amanang le yona ka go tlhopha go tsala dipitse tsa naga tsa Burchell.<ref>Harley, E.H.; Knight, M.H.; Lardner, C.; Wooding, B.; Gregor, M. (2009). [http://quaggaproject.org/downloads/SAJWRpaper.pdf "The Quagga Project: Progress over 20 years of selective breeding"] (PDF). South African Journal of Wildlife Research. 39 (2): 155. [[:en:CiteSeerX_(identifier)|CiteSeerX]] [https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.653.4113 10.1.1.653.4113]. doi:[[doi:10.3957/056.039.0206|10.3957/056.039.0206]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31506168 31506168].</ref> == Mo setsong se se tlwaelesegileng == [[Setshwantsho:Coat of arms of Botswana.svg|thumb|Dipitse tsa naga mo [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_Botswana|sekanong sa naga ya Botswana]]]] Dipitse tsa naga di ntse di bontshiwa mo [[:en:African_art|botaking]] [[:en:African_art|jwa Aforika]] le mo [[:en:African_culture|setsong]] sa Aforika ka dingwaga di le sekete. Di tshwantshitswe mo [[:en:Rock_art|botaking jwa matlapa]] kwa Borwa jwa Aforika (Botswana ya segompieno, Namibia le Aforika Borwa) go tloga ka dingwaga di le dikete tse masome a mabedi go fitlhela dikete dile masome a mabedi le boferabobedi tse di fetileng, le fa di sa tlwaelega jaaka mefuta ya makanyane jaaka [[:en:Common_eland|phofu]]. Tsela e pitse ya naga e nnileng le meradi ya yone ka teng e ntse e le setlhogo sa [[:en:Traditional_African_religions|mainane]] a setso, tse dingwe tsa tsone di akaretsa go fisiwa ke molelo. [[:en:San_people|Batho ba]] [[:en:San_people|letso la Sesarwa]] ba ne ba amanya meradi ya dipitse tsa naga le metsi, pula le lesedi ka ntlha ya mokgwa wa yona o o phatsimang.<ref name=":15">Plumb, C.; Shaw, S. (2018). Zebra. Reaktion Books. pp. 37–46, 192–201. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-78023-935-4|978-1-78023-935-4.]]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Botswana.svg|thumb|Meradi e mentsho le e mesweu mo [[:en:Flag_of_Botswana|folageng ya Botswana]] e emela methalo ya pitse ya naga.]] Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng ke [[:en:National_animal|phologolo ya setshaba]] ya [[:en:Botswana|Lefatshe la Botswana]] mme meradi ya yone e tshwantshitswe mo folageng ya naga. Meradi ya folaga gape e emela kutlwano ya merafe mo lefatsheng.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210809220239/https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/flag-of-botswana-facts-history-and-design Introducing the flag of Botswana]". [[:en:Lonely_Planet|Lonely Planet]]. 19 August 2020. Archived from [https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/flag-of-botswana-facts-history-and-design the original] on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.</ref> Pitse ya naga le yona e ntse e amanngwa le bontle mme basadi ba merafe e e farologaneng ba ne ba tla penta bontsi jwa mebele ya bona ka meradi. Mo [[:en:Shona_people|bathong ba]] [[:en:Shona_people|ma Shona]] ba lefatshe la Zimbabwe, pitse ya naga ke phologolo [[:en:Totem|ye binwang]], mmogo le phofu, nare, tau le tshwene. Pitse ya naga e akgolwa mo lebokong jaaka "sebopiwa se se phatsimang le se se tsabakelang". Meradi ya yone e ile ya tshwantshetsa go kopana ga monna le mosadi mme kwa [[:en:Great_Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] [[:en:Great_Zimbabwe|yo mogolo]], meradi ya dipitse tsa naga e kgabisa se go dumelwa gore ke ''domba'', sekolo sa pele ga lenyalo se se neng se diretswe go simolola basadi go nna bagolo. Ka [[:en:Shona_language|puo ya Seshona]], leina "madhuve" le kaya "mosadi/basadi ba phologolo e binwang ya pitse ya naga" mme ke leina le le filweng basetsana kwa Zimbabwe.<ref name=":15" /> Dipitse tsa naga le tsone di ile tsa emelwa mo setsong sa Bophirima. Di ne di tsewa yaaka mofuta o mongwe o o sa tlwaelesegang thata se se ka emelang pitse ; moanelwa wa dibuka tsa metlae [[:en:Sheena,_Queen_of_the_Jungle|Sheena, Kgosigadi ya Sekgwa]] o tshwantshitswe a palame pitse ya naga. Filimi ya [[:en:Racing_Stripes|''Racing Stripes'']] e bontsha pitse ya naga e e tshwerweng e e kgaphetsweng kwa thoko mo dipitseng mme e feleletsa e palangwa ke mosetsana wa motsuolodi.<ref name=":15" /> Mo filiming ya ''[[:en:Fantasia_(1940_film)|Fantasia]]'', [[:en:Centaur|dibopiwa tsa ditlhamane tse di na leng mmele wa motho le pitse]] tse pedi di bontshiwa e le sephatlo sa motho le sephatlo sa pitse ya naga, mo boemong jwa sephatlo se se tlwaelesegileng sa motho le sephatlo sa pitse.<ref>Dirks, Tim (n.d.). "[http://www.filmsite.org/fant.html Fantasia (1940])". [[:en:Filmsite.org|Filmsite.org]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140823181529/http://www.filmsite.org/fant.html Archived] from the original on 2014-08-23.</ref> Dipitse tsa naga di bontshitswe jaaka badiragatsi mo difiliming tse dingwe tsa dipopae jaaka [[:en:Dumbo_(1941_film)|Dumbo]], [[:en:Khumba|Khumba]], [[:en:The_Lion_King|Kgosi ya Tau]] le [[:en:Madagascar_(franchise)|difilimi tsa Madagascar]].<ref name=":15" /> === Batho ba California ba ba tlhagisitsweng === Pitse ya naga ya kwa mabaleng mo bo gompienong e na le palo e e tlhaga kwa [[:en:San_Simeon,_California|San Simeon]], kwa [[:en:California|California]]. Palo e ya batho ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2019, e ne e tswa kwa [[:en:Hearst_Castle|Kago ya Phemelo ya Hearst]], e e neng e le ya ga [[:en:William_Randolph_Hearst|William Randolph Hearst]]. Hearst e ne e le mogatisi wa makwalodikgang a Amerika mme o ne a na le kago ya phemelo ya Hearst fa gare ga ngwaga ya 1919 le ya 1951 e le thoto ya gagwe. Mo lefelong leo go ne go na le [[:en:Zoo|serapa sa diphologolo]] se e leng sa gagwe , se se neng sa bidiwa semmuso gotwe ‘Kago ya phemelo ya Hearst ya Thuto ya Diphologolo e e Bapisiwang’,<ref>[https://hearstcastle.org/history-behind-hearst-castle/the-castle/the-zoo/ "The Zoo at Hearst Castle - Hearst Castle]". 2012-09-10. Retrieved 2025-11-17.</ref> mme e kile ya bo e le [[:en:Private_zoo|serapa sa diphologolo se segolo tsa sephiri]] mo lefatsheng. Go ne go akarediwa mo serapeng se sa diphologolo tse e ne e le mafelo a mo go one diphologolo dingwe di neng di kgona go tsamayatsamaya ka kgololesego mo dikarolong tse di tlhomilweng, mme se se ne se akaretsa bagologolwane ba palo ya ga jaanong ya dipitse tsa naga tse di sa gagamalang. Ka ngwaga wa 1937, Heart o ne a kopana le mathata a madi mme a tshwanelwa ke go tlhatlhamolola serape se sa diphologolo. Le fa diphologolo dingwe di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa dirapeng tse dingwe le kwa bakgobokantshi ba sephiri, diphologolo di le mmalwa di ne di santse di tlogetswe mo dikarolong tsa setsha, le fa setsha se sena go neelwa Puso ya California ka ngwaga wa 1958. Dipitse tsa naga tse di neng di tlogetswe di ne tsa kgona go gola ka palo ya tsone ka iketlo mme jaanong di tsamayatsamaya ka kgololesego mo San Simeon ntlele dikago tsa go tswalela diphologolo.<ref name=":16">"[https://visitsansimeonca.com/what-to-do/highway-1-zebra-viewing/ Hearst Castle Zebras of San Simeon - Visit San Simeon]". ''Visit San Simeon CA''. Retrieved 2025-11-17.</ref><ref>"[https://highway1roadtrip.com/things-to-do/hearst-castle-zebras/ Hearst Castle Zebras]". ''Highway 1 Road Trip''. Retrieved 2025-11-17.</ref>Palo e jaanong e emela motlhape o mogolo wa dipitse tsa naga kwa ntle ga [[:en:Africa|Aforika]].<ref>Brinkhof, Tim (2022-07-31). "[https://bigthink.com/life/california-zebras-hearst-castle/ Why California has wild zebras]". ''Big Think''. Retrieved 2025-11-17.</ref> Gompieno palo e e dira jaaka lefelo le le ngokang bajanala ka metlhape e e bonalang go bapa le letlhakore la botlhaba la [[:en:California_State_Route_1|California State Route 1,]] e nna go tswa kwa [[:en:Hearst_Ranch|polasi e kgolo ya Hearst]] kwa borwa go ya kwa Tseleng ya San Simeon Creek. Dipitse tsa naga di kgona go bonwa di nna go bapa le [[:en:Cattle|dikgomo]] tsa dipolase.<ref name=":16" /> jm1keowp1o4y2sy5h6a9pz8am2ecf6a 0 14384 52414 52377 2026-07-13T21:28:46Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Diamonds" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362598953|Mining industry of Botswana]]" 52414 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jwaneng_Open_Mine.jpg|thumb|[[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng]], wa bobedi ka botona mo lefatsheng, e bile o humile go gaisa ka boleng. ]] '''Madirelo a meepo ya Botswana''' a sale a eteletse pele mo go laoleng [[Itsholelo ya Botswana|itsholelo ya setšhaba sa Botswana]] go tloga ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970), e le madirelo a itsholelo a konokono . <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Teemane e ntse e le yone e e eteletseng pele mo lephateng la ditswammung fa e sa le tiro ya go epa matlotlo a e simololwa ke kompone ya meepo [[Debswana|ya Debswana]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-02-28 |title=Botswana - Mining & Minerals |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/botswana-mining-minerals |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.trade.gov |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> Bontsi jwa diteemane tsa [[Botswana]] ke matlapa a a boleng jo bo kwa godimo, mme se ke sone se bayang Botswana mo maemong a go nna lefatshe le le le ntshang diteemane tse di tlhwatlhwa kgolo go feta, mo lefatsheng ka bophara <ref name=":0" /> Tiro ya go ntsha kopore, gauta, nikele, magala le molora wa soda le yone e nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa, le fa e le se sennye, mo itsholelong. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), meepo e ne e dirile lesome le borataro mo lekgolong (16%) mo palong ya [[Gross domestic product|dikhumo tsa lefatshe]] tsa Botswana (GDP). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statsbots |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/Gross%20Domestic%20Product%20Q2%202022.pdf}}</ref> Bontsi jwa madirelo a ditswammung a Botswana a akaretsa diteemane. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> Mo godimo ga diteemane, Botswana gape o ikgantsha ka metswedi e mentsi ya ditswammung jaaka magala, kopore, nikele, le molora wa soda, mmogo le granite, mme se se kabakanya lekalana la one la meepo go ya pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, lekalana le, le fa le le botlhokwa thata, le lebaganwe ke dikgwetlho, segolobogolo ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha . == Metswedi == == Diteemane == [[File:Tree_map_export_2009_Botswana.jpeg|left|thumb|Moalo wa dithoto tse di romelwang kwa ntle tsa Botswana ka 2009]] Madirelo a diteemane a lefatshe la Botswana a botlhokwa thata mo itsholelong ya lone. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Fa e sale go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1960 kwa [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|moepong wa diteemane wa Orapa]], <ref>{{Cite news|last=Nocera|first=Joe|date=2008-08-09|title=Diamonds Are Forever in Botswana|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html|access-date=2024-05-02|work=The New York Times}}</ref> matlapa a a tlhwatlhwakgolo a a nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo go bopeng itsholelo ya setšhaba. Madirelo a a laolwa thata ke puso le ba De Beers mo komponeng e e bidiwang [[Debswana]] . <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> === Seabe sa diteemane mo itsholelong === [[File:GDP_per_capita_of_Botswana,_1950_to_2016.png|thumb|khumo ya lefatshe go ya ka tlhogo ya motho (mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng) ya Botswana go tloga ka 1950 go fitlha ka 2016]] Diteemane di nnile le tiro e e kgolo mo itsholelong ya Botswana. Go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960 go ne ga tsisa phetogo e e bonalang ya itsholelo mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara, mme se se ne sa tsholetsa lefatshe la Botswana go tswa go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe go nna lengwe la mafatshe a itsholelo e e humileng mo Aforika. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=de la Horra |first=Luis Pablo |title=How Botswana Became One of Africa's Wealthiest Nations |url=https://fee.org/articles/how-botswana-became-one-of-africas-wealthiest-nations/ |website=Foundation for Economic Education}}</ref> Letseno le le tswang mo diteemaneng tse di rekisiwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe le kgontshitse Botswana go beeletsa mo mafaratlhatlheng, [[thuto]], tlhokomelo ya botsogo, le mananeo a a thusang ba ba dikobo dikhutshwane, mme se se nnile le seabe se segolo thata mo maemong a botshelo jwa banni ba Botswana. . <ref>{{Cite web |last=DeMarco |first=Anthony |title=New Film Details How Botswana Benefits From Diamonds |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2020/02/06/new-film-details-how-botswana-benefits-from-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in the Rough: Exporting and Investing in Botswana's Mineral Brilliance |url=https://www.prosperafrica.gov/blog/diamonds-in-the-rough-exporting-and-investing-in-botswanas-mineral-brilliance/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Prosper Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, lefatshe la Botswana le tsentse mo tirisong melao ya go rotloetsa go solegelwa molemo ke diteemane mono gae, le go rotloetsa go sega le go pholetšha diteemane mo Botswana go okeletsa lefatshe dipoelo tse di tswang mo madirelong a meepo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ben-Zvi |first=Gidon |date=2023-12-21 |title=A New Dawn for the Botswana Diamond Industry |url=https://rapaport.com/analysis/a-new-dawn-for-the-botswana-diamond-industry/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Rapaport |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Minerals Policy 2022 |url=https://bgi.org.bw/sites/default/files/Botswana%20Minerals%20Policy%202022.pdf}}</ref> Ka dipolokelo tsa lone tse di humileng tsa diteemane, maikaelelo a lone mo go tsweleleng, le tirisanommogo, lefatshe la Botswana le nnile botlhokwa mo madirelong a diteemane. <ref name=":3" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform |url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=sustainabledevelopment.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Partnerships & Commitments, Botswana {{!}} High-Level Political Forum |url=https://hlpf.un.org/countries/botswana/partnerships-commitments |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=hlpf.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title=Botswana Has the World's Two Richest Diamond Mines |url=https://en.israelidiamond.co.il/news/mining/worlds-two-richest-mines/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Israeli Diamond Industry |language=en-US}}</ref> === Debswana === [[File:DeBeersBevHills.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la De Beers kwa Beverly Hills, kwa California.]] Debswana, e e tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa 1969, ke kompone ya meepo e e tlhakanetsweng ke Puso ya Botswana le De Beers Group. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/ |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=Debswana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana Diamond Company {{!}} Mining Indaba |url=https://miningindaba.com/sponsor-list/debswana-diamond-company |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=miningindaba.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo ya diteemane mo Botswana. <ref name=":5" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana: A Pillar of the Botswana Economy {{!}} Bus Ex |url=https://www.bus-ex.com/article/debswana-pillar-botswana-economy |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=www.bus-ex.com}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, Debswana e kopane le dikgogakgogano ka mekgwa ya yone ya go bereka, go ama tikologo, mmogo le matshwenyego a pabalesego ya babereki. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2017-08-31 |title=Debswana Slave Labour Trade |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/debswana-slave-labour-trade/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Botswana Gazette |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=All Risk and No Reward |url=https://www.cesr.org/sites/default/files/2021/All_Risk_and_No_Reward_-_Botswana_Miners_Right_to_Health_Project_Report_October_2020_0.pdf |website=Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR) |pages=14-85}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |url=https://www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |website=imperial-consultants.co.uk}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo e mene e metona ya diteemane mo Botswana, e leng ya [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng|Jwaneng]], [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|Orapa]], [[Moepo wa Diteemane wa Letlhakane|Letlhakane]], le Damtshaa, ka jalo Debswana e tsewa e le botlhokwa thata mo tirong ya go ntsha diteemane mo lefatsheng. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2016-10-18 |title=How Diamonds Transformed Botswana & Empower Its Youth |url=https://www.diamondsdogood.com/diamonds-transform-botswana-empower-youth/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Diamonds Do Good |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in botswana |url=https://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/botswana-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-20}}</ref> mn2ngl73iwskpvxaurjeu5qlpfn6keq 52415 52414 2026-07-13T22:08:19Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Other commodities" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362598953|Mining industry of Botswana]]" 52415 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jwaneng_Open_Mine.jpg|thumb|[[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng]], wa bobedi ka botona mo lefatsheng, e bile o humile go gaisa ka boleng. ]] '''Madirelo a meepo ya Botswana''' a sale a eteletse pele mo go laoleng [[Itsholelo ya Botswana|itsholelo ya setšhaba sa Botswana]] go tloga ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970), e le madirelo a itsholelo a konokono . <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Teemane e ntse e le yone e e eteletseng pele mo lephateng la ditswammung fa e sa le tiro ya go epa matlotlo a e simololwa ke kompone ya meepo [[Debswana|ya Debswana]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-02-28 |title=Botswana - Mining & Minerals |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/botswana-mining-minerals |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.trade.gov |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> Bontsi jwa diteemane tsa [[Botswana]] ke matlapa a a boleng jo bo kwa godimo, mme se ke sone se bayang Botswana mo maemong a go nna lefatshe le le le ntshang diteemane tse di tlhwatlhwa kgolo go feta, mo lefatsheng ka bophara <ref name=":0" /> Tiro ya go ntsha kopore, gauta, nikele, magala le molora wa soda le yone e nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa, le fa e le se sennye, mo itsholelong. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), meepo e ne e dirile lesome le borataro mo lekgolong (16%) mo palong ya [[Gross domestic product|dikhumo tsa lefatshe]] tsa Botswana (GDP). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statsbots |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/Gross%20Domestic%20Product%20Q2%202022.pdf}}</ref> Bontsi jwa madirelo a ditswammung a Botswana a akaretsa diteemane. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> Mo godimo ga diteemane, Botswana gape o ikgantsha ka metswedi e mentsi ya ditswammung jaaka magala, kopore, nikele, le molora wa soda, mmogo le granite, mme se se kabakanya lekalana la one la meepo go ya pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, lekalana le, le fa le le botlhokwa thata, le lebaganwe ke dikgwetlho, segolobogolo ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha . == Metswedi == == Diteemane == [[File:Tree_map_export_2009_Botswana.jpeg|left|thumb|Moalo wa dithoto tse di romelwang kwa ntle tsa Botswana ka 2009]] Madirelo a diteemane a lefatshe la Botswana a botlhokwa thata mo itsholelong ya lone. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Fa e sale go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1960 kwa [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|moepong wa diteemane wa Orapa]], <ref>{{Cite news|last=Nocera|first=Joe|date=2008-08-09|title=Diamonds Are Forever in Botswana|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html|access-date=2024-05-02|work=The New York Times}}</ref> matlapa a a tlhwatlhwakgolo a a nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo go bopeng itsholelo ya setšhaba. Madirelo a a laolwa thata ke puso le ba De Beers mo komponeng e e bidiwang [[Debswana]] . <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> === Seabe sa diteemane mo itsholelong === [[File:GDP_per_capita_of_Botswana,_1950_to_2016.png|thumb|khumo ya lefatshe go ya ka tlhogo ya motho (mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng) ya Botswana go tloga ka 1950 go fitlha ka 2016]] Diteemane di nnile le tiro e e kgolo mo itsholelong ya Botswana. Go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960 go ne ga tsisa phetogo e e bonalang ya itsholelo mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara, mme se se ne sa tsholetsa lefatshe la Botswana go tswa go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe go nna lengwe la mafatshe a itsholelo e e humileng mo Aforika. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=de la Horra |first=Luis Pablo |title=How Botswana Became One of Africa's Wealthiest Nations |url=https://fee.org/articles/how-botswana-became-one-of-africas-wealthiest-nations/ |website=Foundation for Economic Education}}</ref> Letseno le le tswang mo diteemaneng tse di rekisiwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe le kgontshitse Botswana go beeletsa mo mafaratlhatlheng, [[thuto]], tlhokomelo ya botsogo, le mananeo a a thusang ba ba dikobo dikhutshwane, mme se se nnile le seabe se segolo thata mo maemong a botshelo jwa banni ba Botswana. . <ref>{{Cite web |last=DeMarco |first=Anthony |title=New Film Details How Botswana Benefits From Diamonds |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2020/02/06/new-film-details-how-botswana-benefits-from-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in the Rough: Exporting and Investing in Botswana's Mineral Brilliance |url=https://www.prosperafrica.gov/blog/diamonds-in-the-rough-exporting-and-investing-in-botswanas-mineral-brilliance/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Prosper Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, lefatshe la Botswana le tsentse mo tirisong melao ya go rotloetsa go solegelwa molemo ke diteemane mono gae, le go rotloetsa go sega le go pholetšha diteemane mo Botswana go okeletsa lefatshe dipoelo tse di tswang mo madirelong a meepo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ben-Zvi |first=Gidon |date=2023-12-21 |title=A New Dawn for the Botswana Diamond Industry |url=https://rapaport.com/analysis/a-new-dawn-for-the-botswana-diamond-industry/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Rapaport |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Minerals Policy 2022 |url=https://bgi.org.bw/sites/default/files/Botswana%20Minerals%20Policy%202022.pdf}}</ref> Ka dipolokelo tsa lone tse di humileng tsa diteemane, maikaelelo a lone mo go tsweleleng, le tirisanommogo, lefatshe la Botswana le nnile botlhokwa mo madirelong a diteemane. <ref name=":3" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform |url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=sustainabledevelopment.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Partnerships & Commitments, Botswana {{!}} High-Level Political Forum |url=https://hlpf.un.org/countries/botswana/partnerships-commitments |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=hlpf.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title=Botswana Has the World's Two Richest Diamond Mines |url=https://en.israelidiamond.co.il/news/mining/worlds-two-richest-mines/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Israeli Diamond Industry |language=en-US}}</ref> === Debswana === [[File:DeBeersBevHills.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la De Beers kwa Beverly Hills, kwa California.]] Debswana, e e tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa 1969, ke kompone ya meepo e e tlhakanetsweng ke Puso ya Botswana le De Beers Group. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/ |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=Debswana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana Diamond Company {{!}} Mining Indaba |url=https://miningindaba.com/sponsor-list/debswana-diamond-company |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=miningindaba.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo ya diteemane mo Botswana. <ref name=":5" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana: A Pillar of the Botswana Economy {{!}} Bus Ex |url=https://www.bus-ex.com/article/debswana-pillar-botswana-economy |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=www.bus-ex.com}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, Debswana e kopane le dikgogakgogano ka mekgwa ya yone ya go bereka, go ama tikologo, mmogo le matshwenyego a pabalesego ya babereki. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2017-08-31 |title=Debswana Slave Labour Trade |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/debswana-slave-labour-trade/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Botswana Gazette |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=All Risk and No Reward |url=https://www.cesr.org/sites/default/files/2021/All_Risk_and_No_Reward_-_Botswana_Miners_Right_to_Health_Project_Report_October_2020_0.pdf |website=Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR) |pages=14-85}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |url=https://www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |website=imperial-consultants.co.uk}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo e mene e metona ya diteemane mo Botswana, e leng ya [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng|Jwaneng]], [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|Orapa]], [[Moepo wa Diteemane wa Letlhakane|Letlhakane]], le Damtshaa, ka jalo Debswana e tsewa e le botlhokwa thata mo tirong ya go ntsha diteemane mo lefatsheng. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2016-10-18 |title=How Diamonds Transformed Botswana & Empower Its Youth |url=https://www.diamondsdogood.com/diamonds-transform-botswana-empower-youth/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Diamonds Do Good |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in botswana |url=https://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/botswana-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-20}}</ref> == Ditswammung tse dingwe == Lefatshe la Botswana le na le dipolokelo tse dintsi tsa magala, tse di fitlhelwang thata mo kgaolong ya botlhaba jwa lefatshe, sentle sentle kwa masimong a magala a Mmamabula . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mmamabula Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Mmamabula_Coal_Mine |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Masama Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Masama_Coal_Mine#:~:text=The%20mine%20is%20the%20first,the%20mainstay%20of%20its%20economy. |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Mo tlhabololong ya meepo ya magala, Morupule Colliery, e dirile gore lefatshe la Botswana le kgone go dirisa metswedi ya lone ya magala go dirisiwa mo gae le go a romela kwa ntle. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morupule Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Morupule_Coal_Mine |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, dikgwetlho di tshwana le matshwenyego ka go ama tikologo di dirile gore kgwebo ya magala le a a romelwang kwa ntle a lekanyediwe gape gantsi go gwebiwa le mafatshe amabapi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana - Countries & Regions |url=https://www.iea.org/countries/botswana |access-date=2024-05-07 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saubi |first=Onalethata |last2=S Suglo |first2=Raymond |last3=Konka |first3=Bheemalingeswara |date=21 May 2023 |title=Impacts of Fines at Morupule Coal Mine, Botswana |journal=Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.4314/mejs.v15i1.1 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dipolokelo tsa gauta tsa lefatshe di bonwa thata mo dikgaolong tsa botlhaba, thata mo mafelong a tshwana le Lebanta la Tati Greenstone . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tati Greenstone Belt Project |url=https://www.powermetalresources.com/project/tati-greenstone-belt-project/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Power Metal Resources plc (AIM:POW) |language=en-US}}</ref> Maiteko a patlisiso a a dirilweng ke dikompone tsa meepo tsa mono gae le tsa boditšhabatšhaba di dirile gore go bonwe dipeeletso tse di botlhokwa tsa gauta . <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Wit |first=Mike C J |title=Prospecting History Leading to the Discovery of Botswana's Diamond Mines: From artefacts to Lesedi La Rona |url=https://ikcabstracts.com/index.php/ikc/article/download/4022/4022/4008# |website=www.ikcabstracts.com}}</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le na le dipeeletso tse dintsi tsa kopore tse di fitlhelwang thata mo Lebanteng la Kopore la Kalahari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana and Namibia Exploration |url=https://www.sandfire.com.au/where-we-operate/botswana-and-namibia-exploration/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Sandfire |language=en-AU}}</ref> Lebanta la Kopore la Kalahari, segolobogolo, ke lefelo le popego ya lone e itsegeng ka go huma dipeeletso tsa kopore. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kalahari Copper Belt Project |url=https://www.kavangoresources.com/projects/botswana/kalahari-copper-belt |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Kavango Resources |language=en-gb}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, go atlega ga kgwebo ya meepo ya kopore mo Botswana go laolwa ke mabaka a tshwana le tlhokego mo mmarekeng . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Copper-processing technologies: Growing global copper supply {{!}} McKinsey |url=https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/metals-and-mining/our-insights/bridging-the-copper-supply-gap |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.mckinsey.com}}</ref> Meepo ya nikele mo Botswana e itshupa e le lekalana le le golang le le nang le bokgoni jo bogolo jwa kgolo le dipeeletso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Norilsk Nickel - AGE (African Growing Enterprises) File |url=https://www.ide.go.jp/English/Data/Africa_file/Company/botsuwana01.html |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Institute of Developing Economies |language=en}}</ref> Go bonwa ga dipeeletso tsa nikele kwa dikarolong tse di kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa lefatshe, segolobogolo mo kgaolong ya [[Selebi-Phikwe]], <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://premiumnickelresources.ca/projects/botswana/selebi-mine/overview/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Premium Nickel Resources Ltd. |language=en}}</ref> go simolotse go tlisa tshono e ntsi ya go tsosa itsholelo ka lekalana le. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selebi Nickel, Copper and Cobalt Project |url=https://eastportventures.com/projects/selebi-nickel-copper-and-cobalt-project/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Eastport Ventures Inc |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4" /> Tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha a meepo ya nikele, jaaka didirisiwa tse di dirang/berekang (yone nikele) le mafaratlhatlha a dipalamo, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thuline |first=John |date=2024-02-06 |title=How Nickel Alloy Is Used in Chemical Processing Plants |url=https://www.wieland-diversified.com/blog/how-nickel-alloy-is-used-in-chemical-processing-plants/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Wieland Diversified |language=en-US}}</ref> e botlhokwa thata mo madirelong a nikele a Botswana. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goodstein |first=Eban |date=1983 |title=The Prospects for Copper and Copper-Nickel Investments in Botswana during the 1980's |journal=Botswana Notes and Records |volume=15 |pages=75–78 |jstor=40979682}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=State.gov |url=https://www.state.gov/direct-line-for-american-business/critical-minerals-in-botswana/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Life in Botswana Nickel? |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200408120744.html |website=allAfrica}}</ref> s1nvjj6ut0r0ymq4lteik7tyklyxoek 52416 52415 2026-07-13T22:20:26Z Khumo Batolomi 11767 Created by translating the section "Political influence" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362598953|Mining industry of Botswana]]" 52416 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jwaneng_Open_Mine.jpg|thumb|[[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng]], wa bobedi ka botona mo lefatsheng, e bile o humile go gaisa ka boleng. ]] '''Madirelo a meepo ya Botswana''' a sale a eteletse pele mo go laoleng [[Itsholelo ya Botswana|itsholelo ya setšhaba sa Botswana]] go tloga ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970), e le madirelo a itsholelo a konokono . <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Teemane e ntse e le yone e e eteletseng pele mo lephateng la ditswammung fa e sa le tiro ya go epa matlotlo a e simololwa ke kompone ya meepo [[Debswana|ya Debswana]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-02-28 |title=Botswana - Mining & Minerals |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/botswana-mining-minerals |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.trade.gov |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> Bontsi jwa diteemane tsa [[Botswana]] ke matlapa a a boleng jo bo kwa godimo, mme se ke sone se bayang Botswana mo maemong a go nna lefatshe le le le ntshang diteemane tse di tlhwatlhwa kgolo go feta, mo lefatsheng ka bophara <ref name=":0" /> Tiro ya go ntsha kopore, gauta, nikele, magala le molora wa soda le yone e nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa, le fa e le se sennye, mo itsholelong. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), meepo e ne e dirile lesome le borataro mo lekgolong (16%) mo palong ya [[Gross domestic product|dikhumo tsa lefatshe]] tsa Botswana (GDP). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statsbots |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/Gross%20Domestic%20Product%20Q2%202022.pdf}}</ref> Bontsi jwa madirelo a ditswammung a Botswana a akaretsa diteemane. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> Mo godimo ga diteemane, Botswana gape o ikgantsha ka metswedi e mentsi ya ditswammung jaaka magala, kopore, nikele, le molora wa soda, mmogo le granite, mme se se kabakanya lekalana la one la meepo go ya pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, lekalana le, le fa le le botlhokwa thata, le lebaganwe ke dikgwetlho, segolobogolo ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha . == Metswedi == == Diteemane == [[File:Tree_map_export_2009_Botswana.jpeg|left|thumb|Moalo wa dithoto tse di romelwang kwa ntle tsa Botswana ka 2009]] Madirelo a diteemane a lefatshe la Botswana a botlhokwa thata mo itsholelong ya lone. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Fa e sale go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1960 kwa [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|moepong wa diteemane wa Orapa]], <ref>{{Cite news|last=Nocera|first=Joe|date=2008-08-09|title=Diamonds Are Forever in Botswana|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html|access-date=2024-05-02|work=The New York Times}}</ref> matlapa a a tlhwatlhwakgolo a a nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo go bopeng itsholelo ya setšhaba. Madirelo a a laolwa thata ke puso le ba De Beers mo komponeng e e bidiwang [[Debswana]] . <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> === Seabe sa diteemane mo itsholelong === [[File:GDP_per_capita_of_Botswana,_1950_to_2016.png|thumb|khumo ya lefatshe go ya ka tlhogo ya motho (mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng) ya Botswana go tloga ka 1950 go fitlha ka 2016]] Diteemane di nnile le tiro e e kgolo mo itsholelong ya Botswana. Go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960 go ne ga tsisa phetogo e e bonalang ya itsholelo mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara, mme se se ne sa tsholetsa lefatshe la Botswana go tswa go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe go nna lengwe la mafatshe a itsholelo e e humileng mo Aforika. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=de la Horra |first=Luis Pablo |title=How Botswana Became One of Africa's Wealthiest Nations |url=https://fee.org/articles/how-botswana-became-one-of-africas-wealthiest-nations/ |website=Foundation for Economic Education}}</ref> Letseno le le tswang mo diteemaneng tse di rekisiwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe le kgontshitse Botswana go beeletsa mo mafaratlhatlheng, [[thuto]], tlhokomelo ya botsogo, le mananeo a a thusang ba ba dikobo dikhutshwane, mme se se nnile le seabe se segolo thata mo maemong a botshelo jwa banni ba Botswana. . <ref>{{Cite web |last=DeMarco |first=Anthony |title=New Film Details How Botswana Benefits From Diamonds |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2020/02/06/new-film-details-how-botswana-benefits-from-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in the Rough: Exporting and Investing in Botswana's Mineral Brilliance |url=https://www.prosperafrica.gov/blog/diamonds-in-the-rough-exporting-and-investing-in-botswanas-mineral-brilliance/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Prosper Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, lefatshe la Botswana le tsentse mo tirisong melao ya go rotloetsa go solegelwa molemo ke diteemane mono gae, le go rotloetsa go sega le go pholetšha diteemane mo Botswana go okeletsa lefatshe dipoelo tse di tswang mo madirelong a meepo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ben-Zvi |first=Gidon |date=2023-12-21 |title=A New Dawn for the Botswana Diamond Industry |url=https://rapaport.com/analysis/a-new-dawn-for-the-botswana-diamond-industry/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Rapaport |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Minerals Policy 2022 |url=https://bgi.org.bw/sites/default/files/Botswana%20Minerals%20Policy%202022.pdf}}</ref> Ka dipolokelo tsa lone tse di humileng tsa diteemane, maikaelelo a lone mo go tsweleleng, le tirisanommogo, lefatshe la Botswana le nnile botlhokwa mo madirelong a diteemane. <ref name=":3" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform |url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=sustainabledevelopment.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Partnerships & Commitments, Botswana {{!}} High-Level Political Forum |url=https://hlpf.un.org/countries/botswana/partnerships-commitments |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=hlpf.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title=Botswana Has the World's Two Richest Diamond Mines |url=https://en.israelidiamond.co.il/news/mining/worlds-two-richest-mines/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Israeli Diamond Industry |language=en-US}}</ref> === Debswana === [[File:DeBeersBevHills.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la De Beers kwa Beverly Hills, kwa California.]] Debswana, e e tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa 1969, ke kompone ya meepo e e tlhakanetsweng ke Puso ya Botswana le De Beers Group. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/ |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=Debswana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana Diamond Company {{!}} Mining Indaba |url=https://miningindaba.com/sponsor-list/debswana-diamond-company |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=miningindaba.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo ya diteemane mo Botswana. <ref name=":5" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana: A Pillar of the Botswana Economy {{!}} Bus Ex |url=https://www.bus-ex.com/article/debswana-pillar-botswana-economy |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=www.bus-ex.com}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, Debswana e kopane le dikgogakgogano ka mekgwa ya yone ya go bereka, go ama tikologo, mmogo le matshwenyego a pabalesego ya babereki. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2017-08-31 |title=Debswana Slave Labour Trade |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/debswana-slave-labour-trade/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Botswana Gazette |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=All Risk and No Reward |url=https://www.cesr.org/sites/default/files/2021/All_Risk_and_No_Reward_-_Botswana_Miners_Right_to_Health_Project_Report_October_2020_0.pdf |website=Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR) |pages=14-85}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |url=https://www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |website=imperial-consultants.co.uk}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo e mene e metona ya diteemane mo Botswana, e leng ya [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng|Jwaneng]], [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|Orapa]], [[Moepo wa Diteemane wa Letlhakane|Letlhakane]], le Damtshaa, ka jalo Debswana e tsewa e le botlhokwa thata mo tirong ya go ntsha diteemane mo lefatsheng. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2016-10-18 |title=How Diamonds Transformed Botswana & Empower Its Youth |url=https://www.diamondsdogood.com/diamonds-transform-botswana-empower-youth/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Diamonds Do Good |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in botswana |url=https://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/botswana-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-20}}</ref> == Ditswammung tse dingwe == Lefatshe la Botswana le na le dipolokelo tse dintsi tsa magala, tse di fitlhelwang thata mo kgaolong ya botlhaba jwa lefatshe, sentle sentle kwa masimong a magala a Mmamabula . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mmamabula Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Mmamabula_Coal_Mine |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Masama Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Masama_Coal_Mine#:~:text=The%20mine%20is%20the%20first,the%20mainstay%20of%20its%20economy. |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Mo tlhabololong ya meepo ya magala, Morupule Colliery, e dirile gore lefatshe la Botswana le kgone go dirisa metswedi ya lone ya magala go dirisiwa mo gae le go a romela kwa ntle. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morupule Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Morupule_Coal_Mine |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, dikgwetlho di tshwana le matshwenyego ka go ama tikologo di dirile gore kgwebo ya magala le a a romelwang kwa ntle a lekanyediwe gape gantsi go gwebiwa le mafatshe amabapi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana - Countries & Regions |url=https://www.iea.org/countries/botswana |access-date=2024-05-07 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saubi |first=Onalethata |last2=S Suglo |first2=Raymond |last3=Konka |first3=Bheemalingeswara |date=21 May 2023 |title=Impacts of Fines at Morupule Coal Mine, Botswana |journal=Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.4314/mejs.v15i1.1 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dipolokelo tsa gauta tsa lefatshe di bonwa thata mo dikgaolong tsa botlhaba, thata mo mafelong a tshwana le Lebanta la Tati Greenstone . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tati Greenstone Belt Project |url=https://www.powermetalresources.com/project/tati-greenstone-belt-project/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Power Metal Resources plc (AIM:POW) |language=en-US}}</ref> Maiteko a patlisiso a a dirilweng ke dikompone tsa meepo tsa mono gae le tsa boditšhabatšhaba di dirile gore go bonwe dipeeletso tse di botlhokwa tsa gauta . <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Wit |first=Mike C J |title=Prospecting History Leading to the Discovery of Botswana's Diamond Mines: From artefacts to Lesedi La Rona |url=https://ikcabstracts.com/index.php/ikc/article/download/4022/4022/4008# |website=www.ikcabstracts.com}}</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le na le dipeeletso tse dintsi tsa kopore tse di fitlhelwang thata mo Lebanteng la Kopore la Kalahari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana and Namibia Exploration |url=https://www.sandfire.com.au/where-we-operate/botswana-and-namibia-exploration/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Sandfire |language=en-AU}}</ref> Lebanta la Kopore la Kalahari, segolobogolo, ke lefelo le popego ya lone e itsegeng ka go huma dipeeletso tsa kopore. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kalahari Copper Belt Project |url=https://www.kavangoresources.com/projects/botswana/kalahari-copper-belt |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Kavango Resources |language=en-gb}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, go atlega ga kgwebo ya meepo ya kopore mo Botswana go laolwa ke mabaka a tshwana le tlhokego mo mmarekeng . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Copper-processing technologies: Growing global copper supply {{!}} McKinsey |url=https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/metals-and-mining/our-insights/bridging-the-copper-supply-gap |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.mckinsey.com}}</ref> Meepo ya nikele mo Botswana e itshupa e le lekalana le le golang le le nang le bokgoni jo bogolo jwa kgolo le dipeeletso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Norilsk Nickel - AGE (African Growing Enterprises) File |url=https://www.ide.go.jp/English/Data/Africa_file/Company/botsuwana01.html |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Institute of Developing Economies |language=en}}</ref> Go bonwa ga dipeeletso tsa nikele kwa dikarolong tse di kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa lefatshe, segolobogolo mo kgaolong ya [[Selebi-Phikwe]], <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://premiumnickelresources.ca/projects/botswana/selebi-mine/overview/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Premium Nickel Resources Ltd. |language=en}}</ref> go simolotse go tlisa tshono e ntsi ya go tsosa itsholelo ka lekalana le. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selebi Nickel, Copper and Cobalt Project |url=https://eastportventures.com/projects/selebi-nickel-copper-and-cobalt-project/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Eastport Ventures Inc |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4" /> Tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha a meepo ya nikele, jaaka didirisiwa tse di dirang/berekang (yone nikele) le mafaratlhatlha a dipalamo, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thuline |first=John |date=2024-02-06 |title=How Nickel Alloy Is Used in Chemical Processing Plants |url=https://www.wieland-diversified.com/blog/how-nickel-alloy-is-used-in-chemical-processing-plants/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Wieland Diversified |language=en-US}}</ref> e botlhokwa thata mo madirelong a nikele a Botswana. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goodstein |first=Eban |date=1983 |title=The Prospects for Copper and Copper-Nickel Investments in Botswana during the 1980's |journal=Botswana Notes and Records |volume=15 |pages=75–78 |jstor=40979682}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=State.gov |url=https://www.state.gov/direct-line-for-american-business/critical-minerals-in-botswana/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Life in Botswana Nickel? |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200408120744.html |website=allAfrica}}</ref> == Tlhotlheletso ya sepolotiki == === Basarwa === [[File:San_lady_botswana.jpg|thumb|[[Basarwa|Mosadi wa Mosarwa]] mo Botswana]] Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo ya bomasome a le mabedi le tshimologo ya ngwagakgolo ya bomasome a mabedi le bongwe (21st century), [[Basarwa]] ba ne ba fudusiwa ka dikgoka go tswa mo magaeng a bone gore dikompone tsa diteemane di simolole go batlisisa gore di kgone go bona diteemane . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Diamond miners exploit land of the Bushmen|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/feb/20/rorycarroll|access-date=2024-05-02|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ditsha tsa bone di mo lefelong le le humileng diteemane go gaisa mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. Le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ganela gore go na le kamano epe le meepo mme e bolela fa go fudusiwa moo go ne go direlwa go somarela diphologolo tsa naga le tikologo. <ref name="bbc1">{{Cite news|date=7 January 2014|title=Botswana bushmen: Modern life is destroying us|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24821867|access-date=24 July 2016|work=BBC News}}</ref> === Ditlamorago mo tikologong === Ditiro tsa meepo mo Botswana, segolobogolo tsa go epa diteemane, di simolotse matshwenyego ka ga ditlamorago tsa tsone mo tikologong . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana {{!}} Climate Change Adaptation |url=https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/africa/botswana |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=www.adaptation-undp.org |language=en}}</ref> [[Phetogo ya Seemo sa Loapi|Phetogo ya loapi]] ke kgang e e masisi mo lefatsheng le le tlhaelang metsi jaaka Botswana. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-18 |title=Botswana: Climate risk country profile - Botswana {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/botswana/botswana-climate-risk-country-profile |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://reliefweb.int/report/botswana/botswana-climate-risk-country-profile "Botswana: Climate risk country profile - Botswana | ReliefWeb"]. ''reliefweb.int''. 2021-01-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-03</span></span>.</cite></ref> Thulaganyo ya meepo, di akaretsa go tlhagola lefatshe, go epa, le go latlha matlakala, di ka baka go senngwa ga mafelo a bonno a diphologolo, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=de Castro Pena |first=João Carlos |last2=Goulart |first2=Fernando |last3=Wilson Fernandes |first3=G. |last4=Hoffmann |first4=Diego |last5=Leite |first5=Felipe S.F. |last6=Britto dos Santos |first6=Natália |last7=Soares-Filho |first7=Britaldo |last8=Sobral-Souza |first8=Thadeu |last9=Humberto Vancine |first9=Maurício |last10=Rodrigues |first10=Marcos |date=July 2017 |title=Impacts of mining activities on the potential geographic distribution of eastern Brazil mountaintop endemic species |journal=Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=172–178 |doi=10.1016/j.pecon.2017.07.005 |hdl=11449/170082 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> kgothego ya mmu le kgotlelo ya metsi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Environmental Impact of Open-Pit Mining |url=https://jointherivercoalition.org/faq/open-pit-mining-an-environmental-perspective/ |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=Coalition to SAVE the Menominee River, Inc. |language=en-US}}</ref> dcrksst4qk654gd8o95k36y1qgqd683 0 14386 52398 52392 2026-07-13T13:40:35Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe ya Botsalano jwa lefatshe la Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe #WikipediaBW25 52398 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le tsaya tirisanommogo mo go tsa itsholelo le polotiki mo borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka tlhwaafalo. Le lekile go dira gore lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC), le bereke mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, gape le tokafaditse maiteko a go dira gore kgaolo e itirele melao fa go tsena mo go tsa tirisanommogo, go rarabolola tlhoka kutlwisisano, le boteledipele jo bo siameng. == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Mafatshe a a nang le botsalano le la Botswana mo go tsa sepolotiki: {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |[[Setshwantsho:Diplomatic relations of Botswana.svg|center|frameless|350x350px]] |- |# |'''Lefatshe''' |'''Kgwedi'''<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Botswana%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and ..."] United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |1 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":1">''The Diplomatic Service List''. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. 1970. pp.&nbsp;136–149.</ref> |- |2 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Japan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Japan]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220801145836/https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations "Botswana And Japan Celebrate 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations".] [[Botswana Guardian|''Botswana Guardian''.]] 5 August 2016. Archived from [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations the original] on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |3 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United States of America]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/all "All Countries".] ''Office of the Historian''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |4 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Germany.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Germany]] |Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/botsuana-node/botsuana-219506 "Botsuana: Steckbrief".] ''Auswärtiges Amt'' (in German). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |5 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zambia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":0">''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. pp.&nbsp;82–87.</ref> |- |6 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[France]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"] (PDF) (in French). p.&nbsp;44.</ref> |- |7 |[[Setshwantsho:War Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Philippines]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/DFAPHL/status/828400555722756096 "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".] 6 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |8 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ "Outspoken Botswana loses its voice on Israel".] ''Sunday Standard''. 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103014414/https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ Archived] from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |9 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malawi]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Report''. Malawi. Police Force. 1968. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |10 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Netherlands]] |Phatwe a le lesome, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 86-90'' (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1967. p.&nbsp;152.</ref> |- |11 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Switzerland]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://dodis.ch/32532 "Ernennung eines schweizerischen Botschafters in Botswana und Lesotho. Sitz in Pretoria".] ''dodis.ch'' (in German). 22 August 1967. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |12 |[[Ethiopia]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe nasome a marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |13 |[[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a le marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |14 |[[Norway]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"] (PDF). ''regjeringen.no'' (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |15 |[[Sweden]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marararo le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstreams/c2f5a602-de12-4d98-b2c4-11de6ac633b9/download "Sveriges statskalender 1969"] (in Swedish). p.&nbsp;46. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |16 |[[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/list.do "Countries & Regions"]. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |17 |[[Austria]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, Capetown Volume 2''. 1970. p.&nbsp;458. <q>Austrian Ambassador , Paul Zedwitz , presenting his credentials to Sir Seretse Khama , 5 Dec. 1968 . at Gaberones</q></ref><ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;1. <q>5.12.68 His Excellency Dr. Paul Zedtwitz, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Austria (Resident in Pretoria).</q></ref> |- |18 | [[Canada]] |Morule a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). [https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |19 |[[Nigeria]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Kutlwano, 9-10''. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Information Branch, Botswana. Information Services. 1974. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> |- |20 |[[Czech Republic]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref name=":0" /> |- |21 |[[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Africa Quarterly''. Vol.&nbsp;10. Indian Centre for Africa. 1970. p.&nbsp;37.</ref> |- |22 |[[Denmark]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''[https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/910992.pdf Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender 1971]'' (PDF) (in Danish). 1971. p.&nbsp;23.</ref> |- |23 |[[Serbia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>Presse, Agence France (1970). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Muo0AQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y Africa]''. Agence France-Presse. p.&nbsp;32.</ref> |- |24 |[[Italia]] |gwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/a.292204164145410/1151053924927092/?type=3&_rdr "Dr. Filippo Scammacca Del Murgo e Dell Agnone presented his credentials to Dr. Sertese Khama Ian Khama".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Botswana in Facebook''. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |25 |[[Romania]] |Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>[https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |26 |[[Belgium]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |27 |[[Tanzania]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwgaa wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |- |28 |[[India]] | |- |29 |[[Egypt]] | |- |30 |[[Lesotho]] | |- |31 |[[Australia]] | |- |32 |[[North Korea]] (e seegetswe kwa thoko ka nakwana) | |- |33 |[[China]] | |- |34 |[[Ghana]] | |- |35 |[[Guyana]] | |- |36 |[[Mexico]] | |- |37 |[[Mozambique]] | |- |38 |[[Eswatini]] | |- |39 |[[Libya]] | |- |40 |[[Luxemborg|Luxembourg]] | |- |41 |[[Cuba]] | |- |42 |[[Argentina]] | |- |43 |[[Greece]] | |- |44 |[[Finland]] | |- |45 |[[Poland]] | |- |46 |[[Algeria]] | |- |47 |[[Angola]] | |- |48 |[[Portugal]] | |- |49 |[[Hungary]] | |- |50 |[[Turkey]] | |- |51 |[[Spain]] | |- |52 |[[Jamaica]] | |- |53 |[[Bulgaria]] | |- |54 |[[Albania]] | |- |55 |[[Zimbabwe]] | |- |56 |[[Bangladesh]] | |- |57 |[[Brazil]] | |- |58 |[[Thailand]] | |- |59 |[[Iraq]] | |- |60 |[[Pakistan]] | |- |61 |[[New Zealand]] | |- |62 |[[Seychelles]] | |- |63 |[[Iran]] | |- |64 |[[Vanuatu]] | |- |65 |[[Uganda]] | |- |66 |[[Colombia]] | |- |67 |[[Somalia]] | |- |68 |[[Iceland]] | |- |69 |[[Namibia]] | |- |70 |[[Malaysia]] | |- |71 |[[Tunisia]] | |- |72 |[[Singapore]] | |- |73 |[[Aforika Borwa]] | |- |74 |[[Kuwait]] | |- |75 |[[Ireland]] | |- |76 |[[Chile]] | |- |77 |[[Trinidad and Tobago]] | |- |78 |[[Slovakia]] | |- |79 |[[Mauritius]] | |- |80 |[[Latvia]] | |- |81 |[[Estonia]] | |- |82 |[[Lithuania]] | |- |83 |[[Ukraine]] | |- |84 |[[Rwanda]] | |- |85 |[[Malta]] | |- |86 |[[Cyprus]] | |- |87 |[[Morocco]] | |- |88 |[[Slovenia]] | |- |89 |[[Madagascar]] | |- |90 |[[Croatia]] | |- |91 |[[Belarus]] | |- |92 |[[United Arab Emirates]] | |- |93 |[[Bahamas]] | |- |94 |[[Dominican Republic]] | |- |95 |[[Republic of the Congo]] | |- |96 |[[Qatar]] | |- |97 |[[Equatorial Guinea]] | |- |98 |[[Barbados]] | |- |99 |[[Gabon]] | |- |100 |[[Niger]] | |- |101 |[[Sudan]] | |- |102 |[[Burkina Faso]] | |- |103 |[[Benin]] | |- |104 |[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] | |- |105 |[[Saudi Arabia]] | |- |106 |[[Burundi]] | |- |107 |[[Djibouti]] | |- |108 |[[Guinea]] | |- |109 |[[Uruguay]] | |- |110 |[[Guatemala]] | |- |111 |[[Mauritania]] | |- |112 |[[Ecuador]] | |- |113 |[[Mali]] | |- |114 |[[Ivory Coast]] | |- |115 |[[Venezuela]] | |- |116 |[[Paraguay]] | |- |117 |[[Honduras]] | |- |118 |[[Dominica]] | |- |119 |[[Nicaragua]] | |- |120 |[[Costa Rica]] | |- |121 |[[Antigua and Barbuda]] | |- |122 |[[Suriname]] | |- |123 |[[Belize]] | |- |124 |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] | |- |125 |[[Sri Lanka]] | |- |126 |[[Holy See]] | |- |127 |[[Nepal]] | |- |128 |[[Vietnam]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |129 |[[Saint Kitts and nevis]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |130 |[[North Macedonia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |131 |[[Panama]] |Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |132 |[[Georgia]] |Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |133 |[[Samoa]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |134 |[[Guinea-Bissau]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |135 |[[Montenegro]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |136 |[[Liberia]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwagawa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |137 |[[Solomon Islands]] |Ngwnatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |138 |[[Papua New Guinea]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |139 |[[Monaco]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |140 |[[Fiji]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso |- |141 |[[South Sudan]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |142 |[[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwagwa wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |- |143 |[[Chad]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |144 |[[Sierra Leone]] |Tlhakole a le leome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |145 |[[Senegal]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |146 |[[State of Palestine]] |Mopitlo a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa |- |147 |[[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi |- |148 |[[Comoros]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi |- |149 |[[Togo]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso |- |150 |[[Central African Republic]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/lepotentielcentrafricain/posts/2944388082541603/?locale=hi_IN&_rdr "L'ambassadeur Nzapayeke est accredite aupres de la Republique du Botswana".] ''Le Potentiel Centrafricain.com'' (in French). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |151 |[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BWPresidency/videos/arrival-of-ambassador-designate-mrs-emillie-a-mushobekwa-of-the-democratic-repub/525396969660843/ "Arrival of Ambassador Designate Mrs Emillie A. Mushobekwa of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for Presentation of Letters of Credence at the Office of The President, Gaborone".] 9 February 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |152 |[[Mongolia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |153 |[[Saint Lucia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |154 |[[Tajikistan]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |155 |[[Laos]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |156 |[[Maldives]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |157 |[[Armenia]] |Morule a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://armenpress.am/en/article/1126252 "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana".] ''[[:en:Armenpress|Armenpress]]''. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |158 |[[The Gambia]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/bwpresidency/p/C3S5SkFNZDZ/?img_index=1 "President Masisi recieves &#x5B;sic&#x5D; letters of credence from ambassador designates".] ''bwpresidency''. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |159 |[[Bolivia]] |Phatwe a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |160 |[[Uzbekistan]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.tengritimes.com/en/post/uzbekistan-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-another-african-country-botswana "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with another African country - Botswana".] ''Times Tenrgi''. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |161 |[[Liechtenstein]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.llv.li/serviceportal2/amtsstellen/stabstelle-regierungskanzlei/rechenschaftsbericht-2024.pdf "Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2024"] (PDF) (in German). 2025. p.&nbsp;153.</ref> |- |162 |[[Kyrgyzstan]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1063928925778499&id=100064842032316&_rdr "Botswana and Kyrgyz Republic establish diplomatic relations".] ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana on Facebook''. 5 March 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |163 |[[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |164 |[[Turkmenistan]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |165 |[[Kazakhstan]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano |- |166 |[[Azerbaijan]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |167 |[[Cape Verde]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Presidencia.cv/posts/pfbid02pbCw2AhzDQwXmCuRaA6VwH5s23rDvgJ2B25jsnAdgBrWz7T1QYTJvxUVS3xvnjKyl "PR recebe Cartas Credenciais da nova Embaixadora de Botswana".] ''Presidência da República de Cabo Verde'' (in Portuguese). 25 February 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026.</ref> |- |168 |[[El Salvador]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |169 |[[Moldova]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |170 |[[Bahrain]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainBotswanaestablishdiplomaticrelations.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDpZCGkNlmsjjveUvx%2fDgvs4%3d "Bahrain, Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] ''Bahrain News Agency''. 30 June 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |} == Botsalano gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Lefatshe !Tshimologo ya botsalano !Dintlha |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro | *Lefatshe la [[Australia]] le amogetswe ke la Botswana go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], [[Aforika Borwa]], ka |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana (MFA People's Republic of China)".]</ref> Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le China]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Beijing * Lefatshe la China le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486125?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Greece and Botswana as of 10 Apr. 1978 (UN Digital Library)".] 10 April 1978.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Greece go dirisa diofisi kgolo tsa kemedi ya sennela ruri kwa Geneva, Switzerland * Lefatshe la Greece le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa kemedi kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://www.mfa.gr/en/bilateral-relations/botswana/ "Greece's Bilateral Relations".]</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Firkgong a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le India]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[New Dehli]] * Lefatshe la India le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a tlhamile botsalano ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobaobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi * Leaftshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Indonesia go dirisia diofisi tse di kwa Canberra, Australia<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref> * Lefatshe al Indonesia le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa ofisi ya lne e e kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref><ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/pretoria/en "Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Pretoria Accredited to the Republic of Botswana, Kingdom of Eswatini, and the Kingdom of Lesotho South Africa"].</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] | |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Israel]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Israel go nna le diofisi kwa London, United Kingdom * Lefatshe la Israel le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa lone kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;83.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Kenya]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya moemedi kwa [[Nairobi]] * Lefatshe la Kenya le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano jwa polotiki ka Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[https://centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx/docs/NI_Nombramientos_Senado_270218.pdf "Nombramientos Diplomáticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa,el Caribe Y Europa Page 8]" (PDF). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DgAjG Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Mexico kwa ofising ya lone kwa Washinton D.C kwa United States le na le ofisi kwa toropo ya Mexico City<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.org/ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C. | Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C."] ''botswanaembassy.org''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke ofisi ya lone kwa Pretoria Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/sudafrica/ "Inicio".] ''embamex.sre.gob.mx''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia]] Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia ke jwa kutlwano, mafatshe a mabedi a a mabapi a, a dirisana mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo. Lefatshe la Botswana le tsere boipuso go tswa mo go la Britain ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe la Namibia le stere boipuso mo go la Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe morago ga ntwa ya molelwane ya Aforika Borwa. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Windhoek]] * Lefatshe la Namibia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone, <ref>[https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> mme ga emisiwa ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=586061304809865&id=148228411926492 "Botswana Severs Ties With Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)"] &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le North Korea]] |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |Bona Botsalano jwa Botswana le Oman Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/MinistryofInternationalAffairsBW/posts/botswana-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-the-sultanate-of-oman-on-14th-oct/1246185160886207/ "Botswana establishes diplomatic relations with the Sultanate of Oman"]. ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana''. 16 October 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a sireletsa ditumalano le Oman tsa go sekaseka ditswammung, dikago tsa go baya lookwane, le kgothetso.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/botswana-signs-energy-mineral-exploration-deals-with-oman-2026-04-13/ "Botswana signs energy and mineral exploration deals with Oman"]. ''Reuters''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le itsisitse ka maano a lone a go bula ofisi ya boemedi kwa Muscat.<ref>[https://www.fm.gov.om/en/42099/ "Botswana confirms plans to open an embassy in Muscat".] ''Foreign Ministry of Oman''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Russia]] Lefatshe la Botswana le Soviet Union a ne a tlhama botsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa. Le ntswa le utlwana le mafatshe a bophirima, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la tsaya karolo mo metshamekong ya Olympics ya selemo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Botsalano jwa gompieno gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi bo supiwa bo le lorato ebile bo tswa bogologolong. Ka Mopitlo, mafatshe a mabedi a ne a ipelela dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano a ntse a utlwana. Go ya ka tona wa mafatshe a sele, lefatshe la Russia ke lengwe la mafatshe a ntlha go nna le botsalano jo bo tletseng jwa sepolotiki le Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202131955/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html "We Must Exploit Russia's Potential".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html the original] on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Tirisanommogo ya kgwebo le itsholelo gareng ga mafatshe a Russia le Botswana e supiwa ke tumalano ya kgwebo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa le tumalano ya itsholelo le setegeniki ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Puso ya Russian Federation le puso ya Botswana di ne tsa baya monwana tumalano ya ngwao, maranyane le thuto ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Mafatshe a Russia le Botswana a nnile le tirisanommogo e e duleng maduo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, bogolojang mo go tlhabololeng babereki. Lefatshe la Russia le santse le e fa Batswana sebaka sa go ithutela kwa lefatsheng la bone mo dikarolong tsa botlhokwa di tshwana le botsogo, mohama o o itemogelang tlhaelo ya babereki e e kwa godimo. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a banni ba Russia ba sa tlhokeng teseletso ya mosepele go ya kwa go lone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329052738/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html "Botswana-Russia relations".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html the original] on 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Russia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone, fa la Botswana le le ka fa tlase ga ofisi e e kwa Stockholm (Sweden) le ofisi kwa Moscow. |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a dirile notsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone. Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Aforika Borwa]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]] le mookamedi wa kakaretso kwa [[Cape Town]] le [[Johannesburg]] * Lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |Go tlhamiwa ga botsalano jwa sepolotiki gareng ga Republic of Korea le Republic of Botswana go simologile ka Moranang a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=133 "Countries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso palo ya batho ba South korea ba ba neng ba nna kwa Botswana e ne e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa"]. 4 September 2015. Archived from [http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, puso ya Botswana e ne e lemoga ROK e le yone puso ya Korea ya nnete.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''gov.bw''. Ministry of [[:en:Politics_of_Botswana|Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]. 20 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ the original] on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636698?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and Turkey as of 20 Jan. 1981 (UN Digital Library)".] 20 January 1981.</ref> | * Kemedi ya sennela ruri ya Botswana kwa ofising ya UN kwa Geneva e tlhomamisitswe ke Turkey. * Lefatshe la Turkey le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone<ref name=":2">[https://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa Relations between Turkey and Botswana".]</ref> * Madi a kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi e ne e le didikadike di le pedi ka ngwag wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |Lefatshe la Botswana le simolotse botsalano le tirisanommogo le la United Kingdom ka Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Lontone.<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). "[https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Botswana"]. ''Diplomat Magazine''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dirisana mmogo le la Botswana ka ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''[[:en:Gov.uk|GOV.UK]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone Archived] from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la UK le ne le eteletse pele la Botswana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro, fa le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a mafatshe a selekanye, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe ya molao, le lekgotla la go gweba ga mafatshe, ga mmogo le tumalano ya kopano ya itsholelo ya SACUM-UK.<ref>Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa]". ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Botswana: tax treaties]". ''GOV.UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Archived] from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[USA]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a maratyaro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/botswana "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Botswana"].</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa mafatshe a Botswana le United States]][[Setshwantsho:Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|Ofisi ya Botswana kwa [[Washington, D.C.]]]]Lefatshe la United States le bona la Botswana e le mmueledi gape e le sekao sa go ritibala mo Aforika, le tswa kgakala le berekisana le la Botswana mo ditlhabololong fa e sale ka boipuso. U.S Peace corps ba ne ba boela Botswana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka maikaelelo a go dira mananeo a a lebaganeng le HIV/AIDS morago ga go fetsa dingwaga tse di masome mararo a go thusa mo go tsepameng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa.Ka mo go tshwanang, USAID e ne ya emisa bokopano jwa sebaka se seleele le Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro, morago ga mananeo a a atlegileng a thuto, katiso, kgwebo, go okamela tikologo, le botsogo jwa pelegi. Lefatshe la Botswana, le fa go ntse jalo, lone le mafatshe a a mabapi, le tswelela ka go anywa mo lenaneong la USAID la borwa jwa Aforika, le jaanong le leng kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], le ofisi ya go phadisana ga borwa jwa Aforika ya USAID e diofisikgolo tsa yone di leng kwa Gaborone. Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la United States la babega dikgang le na le setaitane sa Voice of America mo Botswana le le thusang bontsi jwa mafatshe a a mo Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano, lekgotla le le laolang malwetsi la CDC le ne la simolola porojeke ya BOTUSA le kopane le lephata la [[botsogo mo Botswana]] go ntsha dintlha go tokafatsa maiteko a go laola kgotlholo e tona mo Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe ka nako ya fa kgotlholo e tona le HIV/AIDS di tlhasetse. Ka nako ya lenaneo la ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe la boeteledipele jwa U.S mo go lwantsheng segajaja, CDC ka BOTUSA e ne ya dira diporojeke tse dintsi gape e thusitse makgolta a mantsi mo go lwantsheng HIV/AIDS mo Botswana. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a a lesome le botlhano a lenaneo la ga tautona la tshoganyetso go lwantsha HIV, le amogetse didikadike tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo fa e sale lenaneo leo le simolola ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go tsena Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa. Thuso ya PEPFAR kwa Botswana, e e neng e le madi otlhe a a kanang ka didikadike di le masome a supa le borataro kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa, le thusa go thibela, go alafa le go tlhokomela balwetse ba HIV/AIDS. Puso ya Botswana le ya United States ba stene mo tumalanong ka Phukwi ngwag wa dikete pedi go tlhama sekolo sa katisetso molao kwa Gaborone. Sekolo se, se dipuso tse di pataganetseng go ntsha madi a sone le go se okamela, se katisa mapodisi le matona a puso mo Aforika. Dikago tsa sekolo di kwa Otse, kwa ntle ga Gaborone, se bustwe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro. Batho ba molao ba ka nna dikete tharo mo Aforika ba katisitswe mo sekolong se fa se sale se simolola go ruta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Washington, D.C.]] * Lefatshe la United States le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a nnile le tirisanommogo ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro. Lefatshe la Botswana le santse le sokola ka go tswala molelwane, le tswalela dikete tsa batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba tshabang go phutlhama ga itsholelo le pogiso ya sepolotiki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano, batho ba Zimbabwe ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le bobedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ba bo ba busediwa gae. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba buseditsweng gae di ne tsa oketsega go nna dikete di le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2019). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-battles-influx-zimbabwean-illegal-immigrants/6173868.html "Botswana Battles Influx of Zimbabwean Illegal Immigrants"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa [[Harare]] * Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Gaborone]] |} == Botswana le FOSS == Lefatshe la Botswana le sale le nna leloko la bokopano jwa mafatshe a mannye (Forum of Small States) fa setlhopha seo se tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a obabongwe le bobedi.<ref>''50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations''. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-981-4713-03-0|978-981-4713-03-0]]</bdi>.access-date=13 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki mo Botswana]] * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Metswedi == 86xumds9gwedqi7pdbvd2hxwr4bqk7x 0 14388 52396 2026-07-13T12:14:08Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Sepopa 52396 wikitext text/x-wiki Sepopa ke motsana mo [[Kgaolo ya Bokone Bophirima (Botswana)|Kgaolong ya Bokone-Bophirima]] ya [https://web.archive.org/web/20071124145529/http://www.cso.gov.bw/html/census/dist70_71_72_73.html Botswana]. E gaufi le kwa [[Okavango Delta]] e simololang gone. Palo ya batho e ne e le sekete,makgolo a matlhano le lesome le borobabongwe ka palo ya batho ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071124145529/http://www.cso.gov.bw/html/census/dist70_71_72_73.html Distribution of population by sex by villages and their associated localities: 2001 population and housing census"]. Archived from the original on 24 November 2007. Retrieved 8 December 2007.</ref> == Metswedi == k4ma824t2w3cyhi0nw5v9yl6gvd1tqa 0 14389 52397 2026-07-13T12:53:20Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Kgaolo ya Botlhophi ya Okavango Botlhaba 52397 wikitext text/x-wiki Okavango Botlhaba ke kgaolo ya bokone-bophirima e e emetsweng mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana.]] Morago ga go wediwa ga 2022 Delimitation of Parliamentary constituencies, setulo se ne sa tsenelwa lekgetlo la ntlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone general elections mme se emetswe ke Gabatsholwe Disho wa Botswana Congress Party fa e sale go tloga ka nako eo. == Popego ya Kgaolo == Toropokgolo e bogolosegolo e kwa magaeng mme e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;8. Archived from [https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2025-08-26. Retrieved 2024-09-21</ref> Gudigwa Beetsha Seronga Xakao Mohembo Kauxwi Tovera Sekondomboro Ngarange Mogotlho Gunotsoga Eretsha == Metswedi == lkmq04oq85bj938l7a5lcj5hzm6t5lx 0 14390 52399 2026-07-13T14:01:04Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ba sa ruteng ba Mmadikolo wa Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52399 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba Mmadikolo wa Botswana''', le pele le neng le bidiwa '''lekgotla la babereki ba ba sa ruteng ba Mmadikolo wa Botswana''' (UBNASU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le amanang le lekgotla la makgotla a babaereki (BFTU). Gadzani Mhotsha, mokwaledi mogolo wa UBNASU,o berekile gape e le mokwaledi mogolo wa BFTU.<ref>Werbner, Pnina (2014). ''The making of an African working class: politics, law, and cultural protest in the Manual Workers' Union of Botswana''. Anthropology, Culture and Society. London: Pluto. p.&nbsp;144. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-78371-178-9|&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-78371-178-9</bdi>.]]</ref> == Ngalo ditiro == Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro, lekgotla la UBNASU le ne la tsaya kgato kgatlhanong le baokamedi ba Mmadikolo ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e malebana le go tsena mo lefelong le go emang dikoloi kwa go lone.<ref>Baputaki, Chandapiwa (17 November 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061120204238/https://allafrica.com/stories/200611171016.html "UB Staff Wait for Task Force Report".] ''Mmegi''. Archived from [https://allafrica.com/stories/200611171016.html the original] on 20 November 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via AllAfrica.com.</ref> Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, lekgotla la UBNASU ga mmogo le la babereki ba thuto le ba bagolwane ba ba emeng nokeng (UBASSSU), a ne a ema kgatlhanong le go okediwa ga madi a kamogelo kwa sekolong seo, mo go neng go tlaa raya gore mothusa mookamedi wa sekolo o tlaa okelediwa ka 100%. Makgotla otlhe ka bobedi a ne a boela morago go gwanta fa koketso ya madi a letseno e boelwa morago.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220525032351/https://www.sundaystandard.info/ub-climbs-down-on-its-controversial-pay-structure/ "UB climbs down on its controversial pay structure".] ''Sunday Standard''. 23 September 2010. Archived from [https://www.sundaystandard.info/ub-climbs-down-on-its-controversial-pay-structure/ the original] on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == byzowsup3upftwxbzptoaq0za8fpdu1 0 14391 52400 2026-07-13T14:11:44Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki la kompone ya Rural Industries promotions #Wikipedia25BW 52400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki la kompone ya Rural Industries Promotions''' (RIPCWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le amanang bokopano jwa makgotla a babareki mo Botswana. == Metswedi == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf Trade Unions in Botswana]" (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 d67l4qpyeepqt5s543wyod0rxd0fz2r 0 14392 52401 2026-07-13T14:18:33Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba diatla ba ba ikopantsheng ba legare, le ba dikompone tse di tlhakanetsweng ke puso le batho ba ba ikemetseng #Wikipedia25BW 52401 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba diatla ba ba ikopantsheng ba legare, le ba dikompone tse di tlhakanetsweng ke puso le batho ba ba ikemetseng''' (le gantsi le bidiwang lekgotla la '''babereki ba diatla''') ke lekgotla la babereki mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 jULY 2026 ia1zhpmq73hcez8a0pozlrjkc2gm0im 0 14393 52402 2026-07-13T14:22:00Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba mabentlele a dijo, didirisiwa tsa ntlo le thekiso mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52402 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba mabentlele a dijo, didirisiwa tsa ntlo le thekiso mo Botswana''' (BWF&RWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le amanang le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] 0vqd3re5z1dblsb2p2m2rh9r6rqhswq 0 14394 52403 2026-07-13T14:25:22Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Vaccine Institute #Wikipedia25BW 52403 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Vaccine Institute''' (BVSU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le emetseng babereki ba [[Botswana Vaccine Institute]]. Le amana le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 grz2bhvauv7lintc8ljqwd32ng37zmd 0 14395 52404 2026-07-13T14:29:06Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ditlhaeletsanyo mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52404 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba ditlhaeletsanyo mo Botswana''' (BOTEU) ke lekgotla le le emetseng babereki ba koporase ya ditlhaeletsanyo ya [[Botswana Telecommunications Corporation]]. Le amana le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 hvc3vi9fq5log51pp7g75u5xjnqqd6d 0 14396 52405 2026-07-13T14:32:21Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Savings Bank #Wikipedia25BW 52405 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Savings Bank''' (BSEU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le emetseng babereki ba [[Botswana Savings Bank]]. Le amana le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makotla a babereki mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 jzrul62agzl6iu151yd6l497asluzxm 0 14397 52406 2026-07-13T14:35:52Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipatela tse di ikemetseng (BPM&HSWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le amanang le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana. #Wikipedia25BW 52406 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipatela tse di ikemetseng''' (BPM&HSWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le amanang le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|&nbsp;<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 mqn48sb9we6e3sswc0kbha5qlz1pc3u 0 14398 52408 2026-07-13T14:40:20Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba koporase ya motlakase mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52408 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba koporase ya motlakase mo Botswana''' (BPCWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le emetseng babereki ba koporase ya motlakase mo [[Botswana]] ([[Botswana Power Corporation]]). Le amana le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana. == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Botswana Power Corporation]] == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 orsh2t6c9qbuoqa7umsh3jap6di2h5h 0 14399 52409 2026-07-13T14:43:59Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ditirelo tsa poso #Wikipedia25BW 52409 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba ditirelo tsa poso''' (BOPSWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le amanang le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo [[Botswana]], le emetse babereki ba [[Botswana Post|BotswanaPost]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2026 ifa5fau8zuzjz2nosknb3h2bvt87ds5 0 14400 52410 2026-07-13T18:34:46Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Kgaolo ya Botlhophi ya Tati Bophirima 52410 wikitext text/x-wiki Tati Bophirima ke kgaolo ya go tlhophiwa mo Kgaolong ya Bokone-Botlhaba e emetswe mo K[[okoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone ke Justin Hunyepa MP wa UDC. Setlhopha se se ne se le teng magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano le wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone, fa se ne se emisediwa ke Setlhopha sa Bokone-Botlhaba morago ga ditlhopho tse pedi. E ne ya tsosoloswa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme ya nna le melelwane ya yona ya gompieno ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi ka diphetogo tse di nnye ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref>[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Final%20Report%20Delimitation.pdf ''REPORT OF THE DELIMITATION COMMISSION, 2012'' (PDF). 2012.]</ref> == Popego ya Kgaolo == Mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano le wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe kgaolo e ne ya tlhopha moemedi wa BPP wa kganetso, [[Kenneth Nkhwa]]. Morago ga go tlhongwa gape ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone, e ntse e le setulo se se kwa thoko sa BDP, le BPP (morago e le leloko la UDC) jaaka moganetsi yo motona. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe Mopalamente wa yona [[Biggie Butale]] o ne a tswa mo [[BDP go]] nna Tautona wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front|Botswana Patriotic Front,]] mme o ne a latlhegelwa ke setilo mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga oo. E ne ya fenngwa ke lekoko la kganetso la [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone fa go ne go na le kgaratlho e tona ya bosetšhaba kgatlhanong le BDP. Setlhopha se se tlhophang, se bontsi jwa sone se leng kwa magaeng, se akaretsa metse e e latelang:[2] [[Masunga]] [[Vukwi]] Kalakamati Botalaote [[Toteng]] Mosojane Moroka [[Letsholathebe]] [[Gulubane]] Matenge {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! ! rowspan="4" | |- | | |- | | |- | | |} 6rfl155q6vouygjqtb85q09vgv6ser7 0 14401 52411 2026-07-13T19:32:49Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Biggie Butale 52411 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Biggie Ganda Butale''' (o belegwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola ga raro ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi) ke radipolotiki wa Motswana le moeteledipele wa gompieno wa [[Botswana Republican Party]] (BRP) go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro. O kile a direla jaaka Leloko la Palamente la [[Tati West]] mo Palamenteng ya bo lesome le bongwe go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . Butale, e ne e le Tautona wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, o ne a tlosiwa mo setilong morago ga kgotlhang ya boeteledipele. Morago ga moo, o ne a tlhoma BRP ka kgwei ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro .<ref>Ramatiti, Ketumile (8 November 2023). [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/38673/news/khama-bpf-splinter-party-formed/ "Khama/BPF splinter party formed"]. ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 14 December 2023.</ref> {{Infobox officeholder/office|office=Tautona wa [[Botswana Republican Party]]|predecessor=" 'Boemo bo tlhomilwe'|termstart=Kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ele lesome le bone,Ngwaga wa 2023|party=[[Botswana Republican Party]] (since 2023)|successor=Mephato Reatile}} == Botshelo le thuto == Butale o belegwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola ga raro,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi kwa [[Gaborone]] mme a tsena sekolo se segolwane kwa Gaborone Secondary College go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro. O ne a tsena mo [[Botswana Democratic Party]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe a le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi . O ne a tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Mmadikolo wa Botswana, a amogela dithuto tsa LLB ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa. Mosepele wa gagwe waboitsaanape o akareditse ditiro tse di tshwana le go dira jaaka Mmueledi kwa Dikantorong tsa Motlatsa-Motlhankedi wa Puso (State Counsel) go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro go ya go sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi le kwa Moupo Motswagole le Dingake Attorneys go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe go ya go dikete tse pedi. Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a dira jaaka motsamaisi wa kompone ya tshireletso go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone. == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Butale o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki fa a sena go tlhophiwa go nna Leloko la Palamente mo tikologong ya Tati West mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone . Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a direla jaaka leloko la Palamente ya Pan African go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro mme ka nako e le nngwe a nna le maemo a modulasetulo wa Komiti ya Palamente ya Tshiamiso, Tshireletso le Tshireletsego. Mo nakong eno, o ne gape e le leloko la Komiti ya Dipalo tsa Setšhaba le Komiti ya Ditirelo tsa Tshedimosetso le Pabalesego ya Puso ya Palamente ya Botswana. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, Butale o ne a nna mothusa Tona ya Dipeeletso, Papadi le Madirelo. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Butale o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mopalamente wa setilo sa Palamente sa Tati Bophirima. <ref name=":0">''[https://www.eisa.org/pdf/bot2014results.pdf GENERAL ELECTIONS 2014 PARLIAMENTARY RESULTS]'' (PDF). INDEPENDENT ELECTORAL COMMISSION. 2014.</ref>O ne a tlhatloga ka bonako mo maemong, a gwetlha Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana ka nako eo, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] go nna modulasetulo wa BDP ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano. O ne a direla e le mothusi wa tona mo maphateng a a farologaneng a puso, le fa go ntse jalo, gantsi batho ba ne ba gana go amogela maikaelelo a gagwe a bopolotiki. Morago ga go kgaolwa ga gagwe le go latlhegelwa ke ditlhopho tsa pele tsa BDP tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi, Butale o ne a nna motlhami-mmogo wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF), lekoko le le neng le kgaogane le [[Botswana Democratic Party]], le le neng le eteletswe pele ke Tautona wa pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . BPF e ne ya tswelela go fenya ditilo di le tharo, tsotlhe mo kgaolong ya [[Serowe]], e leng lekgetlho la ntlha ba fenngwa ke lekoko la kganetso mo ditsong. <ref name=":0" />Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a latlhegelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa Tati Bophirima go tswa mo go Simon Moabi wa BDP. <ref name=":0" /> Morago ga ntwa e telele ya semolao ya maemo a gagwe jaakaTautona wa lekoko, Butale kwa bofelong o ne a lelekwa mo BPF mme a tswelela go bopa lekoko la Botswana Republican Party ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro .<ref>[https://guardiansun.co.bw/ampArticle/2102 "Botswana Republican Party Unveils Vision for a Democratic and Prosperous Future".] ''Botswana Guardian''. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref> == Maemo a sepolotiki == Jaaka [[moruti,]] Butale o itsege ka tumelo ya gagwe ya Sekeresete le go nna le mekgwa e e siameng mo setšhabeng. Ke moganetsi yo o tiileng wa molao wa go senya mpa, o kgala bosodoma mme o eteletse pele letsholo kgatlhanong le batho ba LGBTQ le Bagwebi ka mmele. <ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (14 May 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/180578 "Who is Butale?"]. [[Mmegi|''Mmegi''.]] Retrieved 14 December 2023.</ref> == Metswedi == ex8tbzuaz7d9ysxiuktpzrvvz9y4919 0 14402 52412 2026-07-13T19:39:42Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Francistown Botlhaba 52412 wikitext text/x-wiki Francistown Botlhaba ke kgaolo ya ditlhopho mo [[Kgaolong ya Bokone]] Botlhaba e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Tiroeaone Ntsima wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone . == Popego ya Kgaolo == Setlhopha se se tlhophilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone, jaaka karolo ya koketsego ya palo ya baagi ba setlhopha sa [[Francistown]]. [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) e tshwere setilo seno go tloga ka ditlhopho tsa yona tsa ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone mme ya se latlhegelwa dingwaga di le masome a mararo morago ga moo mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone fa go ne go na le kgaratlho ya sechaba kgatlhanong le BDP e e boneng e latlhegelwa ke maatla lekgetlho la ntlha. Kgaolo ya toropo e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> Botlhaba jwa [[Francistown]] == Metswedi == dg58iy729586p9chh20td640vy5umx5 0 14403 52413 2026-07-13T19:50:13Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Francistown Borwa 52413 wikitext text/x-wiki Francistown Borwa ke kgaolo ya botlhophi mo Kgaolong ya Bokone-Botlhaba e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Wynter Mmolotsi wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC) go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe . == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone jaaka karolo ya koketsego ya palo ya dikgaolo tsa [[Francistown]] go tswa go pedi go ya go tharo. Wynter Mmolotsi wa UDC o ne a emela kgaolo e go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe ka fa tlase ga makoko a sepolotiki a le mararo a a farologaneng: [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe , UDC ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , [[Alliance for Progressives]] (AP) ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (setilo se le sengwe fela se se fentsweng ke AP mo ditlhophong tseo) le UDC gape ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. Morago ga ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , tse di boneng BDP e latlhegelwa ke maatla lekgetlo la ntlha mo ditsong, Mmolotsi o ne a nna Mopalamente yo o sa bolong go nna teng, a direla go tloga ka [[Palamente ya bo lesome|Palamente ya bo]] [[Palamente ya bo lesome|lesome]]. Mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone, BDP e ne ya bona maduo a a kwa tlase go gaisa mo lekgotleng la ditlhopho, ka go bona 14.5% fela. Go ya ka ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone, kgaolo eno ke ya bobedi e e bolokesegileng go gaisa mo UDC, e setse [[Mahalapye Bophirima]] morago. Kgaolo ya toropo e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>'''''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.'''</ref> Borwa jwa [[Francistown]] == Metswedi == 7dp932wudoyqqz5hqjg7wjpoqjsalog 0 14404 52420 2026-07-14T05:46:26Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Francistown Bophirima 52420 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francistown Bophirima''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi mo Kgaolong ya Bokone-Botlhaba e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Mokwaledi Moswaane wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobaboongwe . == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Setlhopha se se tlhophilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone, jaaka karolo ya koketsego ya palo ya baagi ba setlhopha sa [[Francistown]]. [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) e tshwere setilo sa puso go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe mme ya latlhegelwa ke sona dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le botlhano morago ga moo kwa ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone fa go ne go na le kgaratlho ya bosetšhaba kgatlhanong le BDP e e boneng e latlhegelwa ke maatla lekgetlho la ntlha. BDP e ne ya wela kwa maemong a boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone mme ya bona phenyo ya dintlha di le masome a mararo le borobabonedi kgatlhanong le yone, e leng phitlhelelo ya boraro e e maswe go gaisa ya BDP mo ditlhophong tseo, kwa morago ga [[Mahalapye Bophirima|Mahalapye]] [[Mahalapye Bophirima|Bophirima]] le moagisani wa yone [[Francistown Borwa|Francistown]] [[Francistown Borwa|Borwa]]. Kgaolo ya toropo e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> Bophirima jwa [[Francistown]] == Metswedi == 2yrv37yidlq0x5t9fsn42dp1l8e3nyr 0 14405 52421 2026-07-14T05:59:53Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Nata-Gweta 52421 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nata-Gweta''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] se emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Lawrence Ookeditse wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone morago ga diphetogo tsa melelwane morago ga go kgaoganngwa ga melelwane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi e e neng ya bona Sebina-Gweta e fetolwa leina go nna Nata-Gweta. Kgaolo e, fela jaaka ya pele e ne e le ya BDP mme e ne ya tlhpha BDP go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone fa e ne e busetsa Mopalamente yo e seng wa BDP lekgetlho la ntlha. Kgaolo ya selegae e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang;<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> [[Nata]] [[Gweta]] Toropo ya Sowa [[Dukwi]] [[Sepako]] [[Maposa]] [[Mosetse]] [[Zoroga]] [[Mmanxotae]] [[Tshokatshaa]] [[Lepashe]] Kutamogoree == Metswedi == 1arvevqrazkdp53atews3e3374cozzl 0 14406 52422 2026-07-14T06:14:30Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Maposa 52422 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maposa''' ke motsana mo [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Kgaolo ya Bogare]] ya Botswana. E dikilometara di le lesome le botlhano kwa bokone jwa [[Nata]], mme motse o na le sekolo sa poraemari. Palo ya batho e ne e le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe .<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071124145416/http://www.cso.gov.bw/html/census/dist54.html Distribution of population by sex by villages and their associated localities: 2001 population and housing census"]. Archived from the original on 24 November 2007. Retrieved 6 January 2008.</ref> E na le bontsi jwa morafe wa [[KhoeSan]] le Bakalaka ba bangwe. E na le kokelwana, sekolo se sebotlana le kgotla. {{Infobox country | map_caption = Lefelo | image_map = Botswana }} Batho ba ikaegile thata ka temothuo le go rua leruo. E na le dingwe tsa diphologolo tse ditona tse tlhano tsa Afrika tse di jaaka tlou. == Metswedi == jx04209ggabou7nig1wbxa1h2d8y6p1 0 14407 52425 2026-07-14T06:35:14Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Nkange( Kgaolo ya Botlhophi) 52425 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nkange''' ke kgaolo ya Botlhophi mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] se emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Motlhaleemang Moalosi, Mopalamente wa [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP) go tloga ka 2024. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Lefelo la ditlhopho la Nkange le le kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Kgaolo ya Bogare]] jwa Botswana, le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le botlhano ka ntlha ya ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa lefatshe mme ke lengwe la mafelo a ditlhopho a Botswana a a sa bolong go nna teng. Kgaolo e e ne e le lefelo la [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , BDP e ne ya nna ya bona 63% ya diboutu, mme Botswana Progressive Union e ne ya gwetlha puso ya yone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone, sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone. Fa e sa le go tloga ka lekgolo leno la dingwaga, BDP e ne ya nna ya fokotsega. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, go ne ga nna le phetogo e kgolo ya sepolotiki mo nageng jaaka [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], moeteledipele wa morafe wa Ngwato a ne a lwa le Tautona wa gompieno, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] le moeteledipele wa BDP. Kganetsano e ya sepolotiki e ne ya nna le tshusumetso e e rileng mo mekgweng ya go tlhopha ya kgaolo, le fa e ne e se thata jaaka dikgaolo tse di nang le baagi ba Ngwato jaaka [[Shoshong]], fela go ne go lekane go fetola kgaolo go nna ya [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]]. E ne e le lekgetlo la ntlha lekoko la kganetso le fenya Nkange. UDC e ne ya latlhegelwa ke setilo sa yona go BCP ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , mme ya nna nngwe ya dikgaolo di le pedi fela tse di neng tsa se ka tsa busetsa Mopalamente wa UDC mo ditlhophong tseo; e nngwe e ne e le [[Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima.|Selebi-Phikwe]] [[Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima.|Bophirima.]] Se e ne e le ka ntlha ya Motlhaleemang Moalosi a dira letsholo le le tseneletseng koo. Kgaolo e e tlhophilweng, e e kwa magaeng, e akaretsa metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;21.</ref> [[Maitengwe]] [[Nkange]] [[Senete]] [[Changate]] Dagwi [[Matobo, Botswana|Matobo]] [[Nswazwi|Nswazi]] [[Makuta]] Nshakashogwe [[Marapong]] [[Sebina]] [[Marobela]] [[Semitwe]] Mafhungo Hobona [[Goshwe]] == Metswedi == fhmz39z3huhsibmuon3m578shefufww 0 14408 52426 2026-07-14T06:47:26Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba National Development Bank #Wikipedia25BW 52426 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba National Development Bank''' (BNDBU) ke lekgotla le le emetseng babereki ba kwa [[National Development Bank]]. Le amana le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 odx0uj8aph3dhbv6dqyixagwu619f43 0 14409 52428 2026-07-14T06:52:05Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Shashe Bophirima 52428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shashe Bophirima''' ke kgaolo ya go tlhophiwa mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Jeremiah Frenzel wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF) go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e simolotse e le Tonota Bonone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone morago ga go kgaoganngwa ga dikgaolo tsa Sebina-Gweta le [[Tonota|Tonota.]] E ne e emetswe ke Tona ya Matlotlo Baledzi Gaolathe wa [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) go tloga ka go tlhamiwa ga yone go fitlha a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tsepedi le lesome . Gaolathe e ne e le rraagwe mothusa Tautona wa gompieno wa Botswana, [[Ndaba Gaolathe]]. Morago ga loso lwa ga Gaolathe, BDP e ne ya boloka setilo mo ditlhophong-potlana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome, ka [[Fidelis Molao]] a direla jaaka MP wa yona. Pele ga ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , kgaolo e ne ya bidiwa Shashe Bophirima morago ga diphetogo tse dinnye tsa melelwane. Molao o ne a tswelela go nna mo setilong seo go fitlha a fenngwa mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , koo Jeremiah Frenzel wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF) a neng a bona phenyo e e neng e sa solofelwa. Palo ya diboutu tsa ga Frenzel e ne ya oketsega ka diperesente di le masome a matlhano go tswa go diperesente di le tharo fela mo ditlhophong tse di fetileng. Shashe Bophirima e ne ya nna ya boraro go nna le dipalo tse di kwa godimo go gaisa mo lefatsheng lotlhe, morago fela ga [[Lobatse]] le [[Chobe District|Chobe]]. Kgaolo ya selegae e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> [[Barolong|Borolong]] [[Makobo]] [[Natale]] [[Chadibe]] Jamataka [[Mathangwane]] [[Matsitama]] [[Mabesekwa]] [[Shashe-Mooke]] == Metswedi == c4u8y4z32muzxvw58lyia4z0es8fo0k 0 14410 52429 2026-07-14T06:56:05Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba mohama wa nama mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52429 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba mohama wa nama mo Botswana''' (BMIWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le ikgolagantseng le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a a farologaneng (Botswana Federation of Trade Unions) mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 j9vikrvsn5imo0ardqjhlt9p5594u2g 0 14411 52430 2026-07-14T07:22:48Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba sekolo sa Institute of Development Management #Wikipedia25BW 52430 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba sekolo sa Institute of Development Management''' (BDMWU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le ikgolagantseng le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a a farologaneng (Botswana Federation of Trade Unions) mo [[Botswana|Botswana.]] == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|"Trade Unions in Botswana"]] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 8wk9k2086af6n95fhx1exgrix4yhmpl 0 14412 52431 2026-07-14T07:31:16Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Housing Corporation #Wikipedia25BW 52431 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba koporase ya matlo''' (Botswana Housing Corporation) (BHCSU) ke lekgotla la babereki le le ikgolagantseng le lekgotla la babereki le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki a a farologaneng (Botswana Federation of Trade Unions) mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|&nbsp;<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 hp2glzzn9fyxqa4pmv2lwvqglwz2gyq 0 14413 52433 2026-07-14T07:45:51Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52433 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana''' (BFTU) ke lekgotla la babereki ba [[Botswana]]. Le tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa, le emetse masome a robabongwe mo lekgolong a makgotla a babereki mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]], a akaretsa makotla otlhe a matona. Lekgotla le, la BFTU gompieno le mo tsamaisong ya go rulaganya dilo mo go tlaa dirang gore makgotla a a amanag le lone a a masome mabedi le botlhano, a fokotsege go nna lesome le boraro. Lekgotla la BFTU le golagane le lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la babereki le lekgotla la kgwebo mo [[Aferika|Aforika]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] c9wxocaghw8ad2s1lkxe6imjoaks1d7 0 14414 52434 2026-07-14T07:52:32Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ba kgaoganyang le ba ba lekanyang diteemane mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52434 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba ba kgaoganyang le ba ba lekanyang diteemane mo Botswana''' (BDSVU) ke lekgotla la kgwebo le le ikgolagantseng le [[lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana]] la Federation of Trade Unions. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 95y1q2qrs83olkp28jxajekddbx5z0i 0 14415 52435 2026-07-14T08:08:35Z JudithShe 9421 ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba ba agang mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52435 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba ba agang''' (BCWU) ke lekgotla la kgwebo le le ikgolagantseng le lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo [[Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 s7bwgxmrk8jinu87z9l2hhozlj9973w 0 14416 52436 2026-07-14T08:17:05Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba Central Bank mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52436 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba Central Bank mo Botswana''' (BCBSU) ke lekgotla la kgwebo le le ikgolagantseng le [[lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana]] ka go emela babereki ba [[Polokelo ya madi ya Botswana|Polokelo ya madi ya Botswana.]] == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 1cmtfsxyf4gizv4dm919czmxxrr7o14 0 14417 52437 2026-07-14T08:21:44Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba banka mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52437 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba dibanka mo Botswana''' (BOBEU) ke lekgotla la kgwebo le le ikgolagantseng le [[lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 53muz49eqmhoqrm6mdlwcsdguqgyd1i 0 14418 52438 2026-07-14T08:45:20Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Agricultural Marketing Board #Wikipedia25BW 52438 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba Botswana Agricultural Marketing Board''' (BAMBWU) ke lekgotla la kgwebo le le ikgolagantseng le [[lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]]; et&nbsp;al., eds. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 ft0qla2b5z6q6fj29ont3c794xjw8q4 0 14419 52439 2026-07-14T08:49:50Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la babereki ba Air Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52439 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lekgotla la babereki ba Air Botswana''' (ABEU) le emetse babereki ba [[Air Botswana]]. Ke lekgotla la kgwebo le le ikgolagantseng le [[lekgotla le le kopantseng makgotla a babereki mo Botswana]]. == Metswedi == * [[:en:International_Centre_for_Trade_Union_Rights|ICTUR]], ed. (2005). ''Trade Unions of the World'' (6th&nbsp;ed.). London, UK: John Harper Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-9543811-5-7|<bdi>0-9543811-5-7</bdi>.]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf "Trade Unions in Botswana"] (PDF). Archived from [http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf the original] (PDF) on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2026 r1oqx8lu4p744j4l2ikbpl7c4x9ocqo 0 14420 52441 2026-07-14T09:22:42Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Fidelis Macdonald Molao 52441 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fidelis Macdonald Molao''' ke radipolotiki wa Motswana le morutabana. E ne e le Tona ya Temothuo kwa [[Botswana]], a tlhophilwe mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe ke Tautona wa pele, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]].<ref>[https://dailynews.co.zw/masisi-to-open-agric-show/ "Masisi to open Agric show – DailyNews".] Retrieved 19 December 2023.</ref>Nako ya gagwe ya go nna Tautona e simolotse ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le lesome le botaro,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi mme ya fela ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e rogwa,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone .<ref>[https://www.govpage.co.za/botswana-government-ministries.html "Botswana Government Ministries".] ''www.govpage.co.za''. Retrieved 2023-12-13.</ref><ref>[http://www.botswana.se/News/CABINET-APPOINTMENTS "Republic of Botswana ♦ Embassy in Stockholm, Sweden ♦".] ''www.botswana.se''. Retrieved 2023-12-13.</ref><ref>Staff Writer (2019-11-06). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/new-cabinet-sworn-in/news "New cabinet sworn in".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2023-12-13.</ref> == Metswedi == 4f60tf4dd6vof4xg88i5440fvuhzhlr 0 14421 52450 2026-07-14T10:53:01Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Helen Manyeneng 52450 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helen Pushie Manyeneng''' ke mopolotiki wa Motswana yo o ntseng e le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la Mmopane-Metsimotlhabe go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. == Tiro ya gagwe ya pele == Manyeneng ke mooki ka tiro.<ref>Gabathuse, Ryder (2026-02-04)[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/manyeneng-advocate-for-women-and-childrens-rights/news . "Manyeneng: Advocate for women and children's rights"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2026-05-14.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Mo ditlhophong tsa Sechaba tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone e ne e le mongwe wa basadi ba le bararo ba maloko a [[National Assembly of Botswana]]. <ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2024-11-07). [https://www.voanews.com/a/activists-want-more-women-in-botswana-s-national-assembly/7855206.html "Activists want more women in Botswana's National Assembly"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 2026-05-14.</ref>O ne a tlhophiwa mo lekgotleng le le neng le sa tswa go tlhongwa la [[Mmopane-Metsimotlhabe]].<ref>Mathala, Sharon (2023-02-15). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/four-new-constituencies-come-2024/news "Four new constituencies come 2024".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2026-05-14.</ref> O ne a tlhophiwa go nna motlatsa-sebui.<ref>[https://www.genderlinks.org.za/knowledge-hub/news/botswana-woman-deputy-speaker "Gender Links | Botswana: Woman deputy speaker, but fewer women MPs"]. ''Gender Links''. 2024-10-22. Retrieved 2026-05-14.</ref> Ke mmueledi wa kemedi e e lekalekanang ya basadi mo dipolotiking.<ref>[https://www.botswanayouth.com/deputy-speaker-helen-manyeneng-urges-sadc-states-to-champion-womens-political-representation/ "Deputy Speaker Helen Manyeneng Urges SADC States to Champion Women's Political Representation"]. ''Botswana Youth Magazine''. 2025-06-04. Retrieved 2026-05-14.</ref> == Metswedi == te3pvysckfo0vxtg8n5fr4j89awqd8p 0 14422 52453 2026-07-14T11:01:06Z KatieKea 10150 Ke simolotse go ranola tsebe e 52453 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng e e nang le diteng tse di sa duelelweng e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go kwalwa ga yone la ntlha ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka 2001, malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[Nupedia]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke Rick Gates ka 1993,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e e gololesegileng (jaaka e farologana le motswedi o o bulegileng fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke Richard Stallman ka 1998.<ref>[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka 2001, teseletso ya [[Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[GFDL]], mme [[Jimmy Wales]] le [[Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka porojekete e e tlaleletsang, ba dirisa wiki ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala diathikele le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa porojekete ya lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya diporojekete tse dingwe tsa ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng. Ka 2014, Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka 2015, go ya ka [[comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta idikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2018, diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == 5dfuuufu9gvot7etqo5t4omok00cxow 52462 52453 2026-07-14T11:52:53Z Lucrucia98 12161 52462 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng e e nang le diteng tse di sa duelelweng e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go kwalwa ga yone la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[Nupedia]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke Rick Gates ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e e gololesegileng (jaaka e farologana le motswedi o o bulegileng fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke Richard Stallman ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref>[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[GFDL]], mme [[Jimmy Wales]] le [[Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka porojekete e e tlaleletsang, ba dirisa wiki ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala diathikele le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa porojekete ya lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya diporojekete tse dingwe tsa ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta idikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == 3xqmj1k72wde95s57o3pk0dw8upp8lz 0 14423 52454 2026-07-14T11:19:05Z KatieKea 10150 Ke simolotse go ranola tsebe e 52454 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letlhalerwa''' ('''''Lycaon pictus'''''), le gape le bidiwang '''ntša e e pentilweng''' le '''ntša''' '''e e tsomang ya Kapa''', ​​ke ntša ya naga e e tlholegileng kwa Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara. Ke ntša e kgolo ya naga mo Aforika mme ke yone fela leloko le le santseng le le teng la mofuta wa ''Lycaon'', e e farologaneng le ''Canis'' ka meno a a kgethegileng thata a dijo tsa hypercarnivorous le ka go tlhoka dinala tsa monyo. Go fopholediwa gore tse di godileng di le dikete tse thataro, makgolo a mararo le borataro (go akaretsa le tse godileng sentle di le sekete le makgolo a mane) di nna mo ditlhopheng tse dinnye di le masome a mararo le boferabongwe, tsotlhe di tshosediwa ke go kgaogana ga mafelo a bonno, go bogisiwa ke batho le go runya ga malwetse. Ka gonne palopotlana e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe e ka tswa e na le ditshedi tse di kwa tlase ga makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano, ntša ya naga ya Aforika e kwadilwe mo lenaaneng le le mo kotsing ya go nyelela mo Lenaaneng la [[IUCN Red List|IUCN]] [[IUCN Red List|Red List]] fa e sa le ka 1990. Ntša ya naga ya Aforika ke motsomi yo o kgethegileng wa diphologolo tse di nnang mo lefatsheng, bontsi jwa tsone di tsoma ka mahube le maitseboa, fela gape e bontsha tiro ya motshegare. E tshwara diphologolo tsa yone ka go dirisa maatla le go tsoma ka tirisanommogo go di lapisa. Bagaisani ba yone ba tlholego ke ditau le diphiri tse di marontho; tsa pele di bolaya dintsa fa go kgonagala, fa tsa morago e le tse di utswang dijo kgapetsakgapetsa. Fela jaaka di-canid tse dingwe, ntša ya naga ya Aforika e kgwela bana ba yone dijo, fela gape e atolosa tiro e go tse dikgolo jaaka karolo e e botlhokwa ya loago ya setlhopha. Tse dinnye di na le tshiamelo ya go ja pele. Ntša ya naga ya Aforika e ntse e tlotliwa mo merafeng e le mmalwa ya batsomi le babapadi, segolobogolo ya [[Basarwa|batho ba San]] le Egepeto wa pele ga ditso. == Metswedi == 8wy2f5r2aky8bafvmnbxqslu12sxona 0 14424 52455 2026-07-14T11:28:08Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 52455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana''' di akaretsa tsa bogologolo le tsa ngwao ya kgaolo, go diriwa kolone ya [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]], le go nna Republic of [[Botswana]] gompieno. Batho ba ntlha ba motlha wa gompieno go nna mo Botswana e ne e le Basarwa, temothuo e tlhabolotswe dingwaga di ka nna dikete pedi, le makgolo a mararo a a fetileng. Batho bantsho ba Bantu ba ntlha ba gorogile dingwaga di le makgolo mabedi morago ga loso lwa ga Keresete, fa [[Batswana]] ba ntlha ba gorogile dingwaga di le makgolo mabedi morago. Batswana ba ne ba kgaogana ka ditlhopha tsa merafe mo dingwageng tse di dikete tse di latelang fa diphudugo mo kgaolong di tswelela, tse di neng tsa baka [[Difaqane]] mo lekgolong la dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi. Go amana le ma Yuropa ga ntlha go diragetse ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi lesome le borataro, mo go bakileng go diriwa Bakeresete ga batho ba kgaolo. Magosi a Batswana a a neng a na le thotloetso e kgolo a ne a ikopela go nna mo tlhokomelong ya lefatshe la [[United Kingdom]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano ka ba ne ba itemogela matshosetsi go tswa kwa [[German South West Africa]] le mo Maburung. Batho ba Britain ba ne ba kgaoganya kgaolo go nna merafe e kgosi nngwe le nngwe e tlaa e etelelang pele, ba a fa dikgosi maatla a a fetang a ba neng ba na le one pele, mme ba ne ba nna le taolo e e lekanetseng fela mo lefatsheng. Puso ya Britain e ne ya nna le seabe se setlhagafetseng ka dinwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la ema nokeng go tsaya karolo ga Britain mo ntweng ya bobedi ya mafatshe, bontsi ba ne ba lwa e le bontlha jwa sesole sa [[Aferika|Aforika]] sa Auxiliary Pioneer Corps. Go lwela go laola go nnile teng ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a matlhano fa gare ga Kgosi ya [[Bangwato]] [[Seretse Khama]] le motlhatlhami wa gagwe [[Tshekedi Khama]]. Go nyala mosadi wa lekgoa ebong [[Ruth Williams Khama]] ga ga Seretse, go ne ga baka gore batho ba Britain ba mo thibele go nna mo [[Botswana]]. O ne a boa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a matlhano le borataro, ka a ne a na le kemo nokeng e kgolo, merafe e ne inaakanya le puso e e tlhophilweng fa letsholo la boipuso le tlhamiwa. Molao wa lefatshe o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le motso, ga tlhamiwa diphathi tsa polotiki. Seretse o ne a nna moeteledipele wa [[Bechuanaland Democratic Party]], e e neng e bueletswe ke puso ya Britain go busa morago ga boipuso, e ne ya nna le kemo nokeng e e tsitsibanyang mmele mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le botlhano. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la neelwa boipuso jo bo tletseng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Ka maikaelelo a a nonofileng, Seretse le phathi ya gagwe ba ne ba tlhama puso ya batho ka batho ya bophirima ba simolola go tlhabolola dikago mo lefatsheng le e neng e le lengwe la a a neng a humanegile thata ka nako eo. Go ne ga lemogiwa fa go na le diteemane ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabongwe, mo go neng ga bopa sesha itsholelo ya Botswana. Kompone ya meepo ya [[Debswana]] e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana la nna la itsholelo e e golang ka bofefo thata go gaisa a mangwe mo Botswana. Phathi ya sepolotiki ya Botswana Democratic e ne ya tswelela e le yone phathi e e busang go tswa ka nako ya boipuso go fitlhelela phathi ya [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenya ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone. == Ditso tsa pele ga bokolone == === Ditso tsa pele === [[Setshwantsho:Tsodilo Hills rock paintings4.jpg|thumb|metako ya magaga kwa Tsodilo mo ditsong tsa pele]] Lefatshe la Botswana la gompieno e ne e le sekgwa fela dingwaga di le didikadike tse di lesome tse di fitileng, dinoka di ne di le ditona go fetisa gompieno, di tshela kwa [[Letsha la Makgadikgadi|letsheng la Makgadikgadi]].<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou, Thomas]]; [[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Campbell, Alec C]]. (1997) [1984]. ''[[History of Botswana]]'' (2nd&nbsp;ed.). Macmillan Botswana. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/9991278087|&nbsp;<bdi>9991278087</bdi>.]]</ref> Batho ba sebopego sa ntlha sa Homo erectus ba ne ba nna mo kgaolong eo ka motlha wa lejwe.<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997,]] p.&nbsp;14.</ref> Didirisiwa tsa lejwe mo Botswana wa gompieno, di tshwana le dilepe, di tswa go o lowe, dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi tse di fitileng.<ref>Denbow, James R.; Thebe, Phenyo C. (2006). [[iarchive:culturecustomsof0000denb|''Culture and Customs of Botswana''.]] Greenwood Press. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33178-7|<bdi>978-0-313-33178-7</bdi>.]] [[:en:OCLC#Identifiers_and_linked_data|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/62118271 62118271.]</ref><ref name=":0">Klehm, Carla (28 June 2021). "Archaeology of Botswana". ''Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History''. doi:[https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/61663/chapter/553401196 10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.792]. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-027773-4|<bdi>978-0-19-027773-4</bdi>.]]</ref> Phudugo go ya sekakeng sa Kalahari go akanyediwa fa e diragetse pele ga legato la borataro dingwaga di le dikete di le lekgolo, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro tse di fitileng.<ref name=":0" /> Letsha la Makgadikgadi le simolotse go fokotsega dingwaga di le dikete di le masome matlhano tse di fitileng.<ref>[[:en:Thomas_Tlou|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997, p.&nbsp;17.]]</ref> Bagolagolwane ba merafe e e sa amaneng ka gope ba ba bidiwang Basarwa fa ba kgobokantswe, ba ne ba nna mo Botswana wa gompieno, dingwaga di ka nna dikete di le masome mane go tsena masome a mararo tse di fitileng. Ba ka tswa e le bone batho ba ntlha go nna mo motlheng wa lejwe.<ref>[[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], pp.&nbsp;18, 23.</ref> Ba ne ba itlhoma go bapa le dinoka ka dipaka tsa komelelo, mme ba phatlalale le kgaolo ka nako ya dipula.<ref>[[:en:Alec_Campbell_(archaeologist)|Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997]], p.&nbsp;24.</ref>Go ne go itsewe fa ba ne ba nna mo mafelong a a dikaganyeditseng [[letsha la Makgadikgadi]], ga mmogo le [[Tsodilo]] le GI.<ref>[[iarchive:culturecustomsof0000denb|Denbow &#x26; Thebe 2006]], p.&nbsp;xv.</ref> Batho ba bangwe jaaka ba [[Nata]], Shua le Xani, go dumelwa fa ba gorogile morago ga Basarwa.<ref>Tlou &#x26; Campbell 1997, p.&nbsp;23.</ref> == Metswedi == as8f3ob2o6s0p5wivcu5s8wt37ppl62 0 14425 52461 2026-07-14T11:48:16Z Lucrucia98 12161 #wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Elliot Moshoke 52461 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elliot Moshoke''' ke [[rakgwebo wa Motswana]], le mothei le motsamaisi mogolo wa Acute Global Limited.<ref>Adamson, Kabelo (13 July 2021). [https://thevoicebw.com/acute-business-leader/ "Acute business leader » TheVoiceBW".] ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref>O simolotse setlhopha sa dikomponi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), e le karolo e e farologaneng ya khampani ya lelapa la bone ya Moshoke Ranch, e e tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe (1979). <ref>Thatayamodimo, Lesedi. [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/68449 "PAYLESS BTU EASE GROCERY PURCHASING FOR TEACHERS".] ''Daily News Botswana''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref> == Botshelo le thuto == Moshoke o tsholetswe le go golela kwa Mahalapye kwa a neng a fetsa nako ya gagwe ya bongwana teng.<ref>Tau, Poloko. [https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/bathus-footprint-among-africas-top-10-most-admired-brands-20210604 "Bathu's footprint among Africa's top 10 most admired brands".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref> O na le dikirii ya Bachelor of Finance go tswa kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana.]] <ref>[https://ub-bw.academia.edu/ElliotMoshoke "Elliot Moshoke | University of Botswana - Academia.edu"]. ''ub-bw.academia.edu''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref>Gape o na le dikirii ya Molao [[(LLB)]] go tswa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Aforika Borwa.]] <ref>Dikuelo, Pauline (28 May 2018). [https://www.mmegi.bw/business/debt-recovery-agency-rehabilitates-indebted-batswana/news "Debt Recovery Agency Rehabilitates Indebted Batswana".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref> == Tiro == Acute Global Limited Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), o ne a tlhoma Acute Global, e leng khamphani ya gagwe ya go beeletsa ya lelapa. Setlhopha sa ditlamo ke setlamo se se tsayang karolo sa Botswana se se nang le dikgatlhegelo tsa botlhokwa mo ditirelong tsa madi le tsa dijo. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) setlhopha se ne se na le disupamakete di le robongwe tsa Payless mo nageng.<ref>Sekgweng, Baitshepi (9 August 2022). [https://thevoicebw.com/payless-pay-later/ "Payless...Pay later » TheVoiceBW".] ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref> == Setlhopha sa Inshorense sa Bophirima == Morago ga go tswa ga PSG Group kwa Botswana, Acute Group ya ga Moshoke e ne ya reka Western Life Insurance Botswana (Proprietary) Limited, e e neng ya reelediwa leina go nna WestLife Insurance Botswana le Western Insurance, jaanong e le WestSure Insurance Botswana e e simolotseng go dira mo Botswana ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), le dikhampani tsa inshorense tse di nang le laesense tse di kwadisitsweng le Non-Bank Financial Institutions Regulatory Authority ("NBFIRA").<ref>[https://www.competitionauthority.co.bw/sites/default/files/Merger%20Notice%20No%2030%202020%20-%20Western%20Insurance%20Botswana%20and%20Boago%20%20Emerging%20Markets.pdf "THE PROPOSED ACQUISITION OF 100% OF THE ISSUED SHARE CAPITAL IN WESTERN INSURANCE BOTSWANA (PTY) LTD BY BOAGO EMERGING MARKETS (PTY) LTD"] (PDF). Gaborone: Competition and Consumer Authority. 2020.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), go nna le seabe ga khampani go fetogile, ka Acute Global Limited e rekile 100% ya go nna le seabe ka Boago Emerging Markets, karolo ya setlhopha sa dikhampani sa Acute Global Limited. <ref>reporter, BG (3 December 2020). [https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/botswana-guardian/20201203/281552293428276 "BEM seeks to buy Western Insurance Botswana".] ''Botswana Guardian'' &#x2013; via PressReader.</ref>Western Life Insurance Botswana ke leloko la Association of Life Underwriters Botswana.<ref>Baruti, Eli (24 May 2021). [https://www.botswanayouth.com/lemo-appointed-western-insurance-botswana-director/ "LEMO APPOINTED WESTERN INSURANCE BOTSWANA DIRECTOR".] ''Botswana Youth Magazine''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Boikanyo Kgosidintsi o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motsamaisimogolo yo montšhwa wa kgwebo, ka go tsepamisa mogopolo mo go tshegetseng le mo go itshokeng ka madi.<ref>[https://thepatriot.co.bw/western-life-insurance-botswana-appoints-kgosidintsi-as-ceo/ "Western Life Insurance Botswana appoints Kgosidintsi as CEO"]. ''The Patriot On Sunday''. 5 May 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref> == Ga a duelwe == Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le bone ,ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Moshoke o ne a etelela pele go rekwa ga Payless, e leng mogwebi yo mogologolo wa mabenkele a magolo mo Botswana, kgato e e boneng mogwebi wa ntlha wa mabenkele a tsena mo diatleng tsa Motswana wa selegae. <ref>Mosekiemang, Kenneth (28 June 2022). [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/34849/business/payless-to-partake-in-bses-flagship-tshipidi-program/ "Payless to partake in BSE's Flagship Tshipidi program".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref>Payless Supermarket, e e tlhomilweng kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990), e dira gore e nne lebenkele la ntlha la [[FMCG]] kwa Botswana. Lebenkele le legolo le ne le le mo thulaganyong ya go phimola madi mme Moshoke, ka Ellis Retail Group, o ne a reka Payless.<ref>Reporter, Sunday Standard (11 July 2022). [https://www.sundaystandard.info/payless-makes-case-for-citizen-economic-empowerment/ "Payless makes case for Citizen Economic Empowerment | Sunday Standard".] Retrieved 7 October 2023.</ref> Moshoke o ne gape e le motsamaisi wa komponi ya mabenkele Hungbots Limited go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano ( 2015).<ref>Admin (14 September 2017). [https://www.thegazette.news/latest-news/boko-linked-company-in-vagina-soap-trade/ "Boko linked company in vagina soap trade".] ''Botswana Gazette''. Retrieved 8 October 2023.</ref> == Dipolotiki == Moshoke ke leloko la [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC), le molatedi wa moeteledipele wa yone [[Duma Boko|Duma]] [[Duma Boko|Boko]]. <ref>Lebanna, Pako[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/36586 . "Moshoke has case to answer".] ''dailynews.gov.bw''. Retrieved 8 October 2023.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), fa a ne a sireletsa Duma Boko, Moshoke o ne a tshosetsa go bolaya Isaac Kgosi, mokaedi wa Botsamaisi jwa Bosetšhaba jwa Tshedimosetso ya Tshedimosetso le Tshireletsego ya Botswana.<ref>Reporter, Sun (14 June 2017). [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/bokos-bodyguard-has-a-case-to-answer-court "Boko's bodyguard has a case to answer – court".] ''Guardian Sun''. Retrieved 8 October 2023.</ref> == Metswedi == 4zqb3qae8q2cu7kg1hzwfji1x1zjrq7