Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Ntwa ya Shifta 0 10805 56906 41465 2026-10-24T12:47:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ntwa ya Shifta''' kgotsa '''Gaf Daba'''<ref>Bloch, Sean (2015). ''The gaf Daba: Time, Violence, and Development in Mid-Twentieth Century Northeastern Kenya'' (PhD thesis). University of Wisconsin-Madison. [[:en:OCLC#OCLC|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/title/1237223292 1237223292].</ref> ( e e diragetseng go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1963 go tsena 1967) ke kgotlhang e mo go yone merafe ya Somali ya Muslim Borana, Sakuye, Gabbra le Rendille kwa e neng e le kgaolo ya Northen Frontier ka nako e kwa [[Kenya]] ba neng ba dira maiteko a go kopana le lefatshe la [[Somalia|Somalia.]] Puso ya [[Kenya]] e ne e bitsa kgotlhang e "shifta", jaaka lefoko la Swahili la "Bandit", e le bontlha jwa maiteko a bokukuntshwane. Mophato wa sepodisi wa Kenya o ne wa pateletsa batho ba mo gae ba e seng ba sepodisi kgotsa sesole go ya kwa metseng e e sireleditsweng (kwa dikampeng)<ref>[[:en:Rhoda_Howard-Hassmann|Rhoda E. Howard,]] ''Human Rights in Commonwealth Africa'', (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.: 1986), p.95</ref> ga mmogo le go bolaya loruo lo lo neng lo ruilwe ke batho barui ba Somalia. Ntwa e fedile ka ngwaga wa 1967 fa Muhammad haji Ibrahim Egal, tona wa lefatshe la Somali a baya monwana kemiso ntwa le Kenya kwa bokopanong jwa Akusha ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le malatsi a le masome mabedi le borarao ka ngwaga wa 1967.<ref>"[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000041423/kenya-s-first-secessionist-war Kenya's first secessionist war]". ''The Standard''. 24 August 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2025</ref> le fa go ntse jalo, tiriso dikgoka ya kwa Kenya e ne ya ya tlase go nna go thukutha mo go sa rulaganngwang, mo go neng go direga gangwe le gape mo dingwageng di le masome. Ntwa e, le tiriso dikgoka ya puso ya kenya go ne ga baka kgoreletso e tona mo botshelong jwa battho ba kgaolo, se sa baka pharologanyo ya thuo le phuduso ya dihutshane go ya go nna matshelo a setoropo. == Tse di diragetseng pele == Northern Frontier District (NFD) e nnile teng ka ngwaga wa 1925. Ka nako eo ka fa talse ga taolo ya Britain, sephatlo sa bokone jwa Jubaland bo ne bo neetswe lefatshe la Italy e le go lebogelwa kemo nokeng ya bone ka nako ya ntwa ya ntlha ya mafatshe.<ref>Oliver, Roland Anthony, ed. (1963). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=pGkMAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y ''History of East Africa''.] Vol. 2. Clarendon Press.</ref> Lefatshe la Britain le ne la tswelela la laola bontlha jo bo kwa borwa jwa kgaolo, e e setseng kwa kgaolong ya Northern Frontier, ke kgaolo ya bokone botlhaba jwa Kenya gompieno. Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1926 go tsena 1934, NFD, e akaretsa bokone botlhaba jwa gompieno le dikgaolo tsa Marsabit, Moyale le Isiolo<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071010051019/http://www.eastandard.net/archives/cl/hm_news/news.php?articleid=7837 "Fading images: How province is fighting one-eyed bandit’s legacy"]<sup>[''usurped'']</sup> by Boniface Ongeri and Victor Obure, ''[[:en:The_Standard_(Kenya)|East African Standard]]'', 9 December 2004</ref> e ne ya tswalwa ke babusi ba dikolone tsa Britain. Motsamao mo kgaolong le kwa ntle ga kgaolo, o ne o kgonagala fela ka tiriso ya teseletso.<ref>Nene Mburu,  (118 KiB) in ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20210411205135/http://www.njas.helsinki.fi/pdf-files/vol8num2/mburu.pdf Nordic Journal of African Studies]'' 8(2): 89–107 (1999), p. 99</ref> Le ntswa go na le dikiletso tse, thuo e ne e siametseng seemo sa bosa sa pula, le banni ba e seng ba Somali ba ba neng ba emetse palo potlana ya batho ba kgaolo eo.<ref>Africa Watch Committee, ''Kenya: Taking Liberties'', (Yale University Press: 1991), p. 269</ref><ref>Women's Rights Project, ''The Human Rights Watch Global Report on Women's Human Rights'', (Yale University Press: 1995), p. 121</ref><ref>Francis Vallat, ''First report on succession of states in respect of treaties: International Law Commission twenty-sixth session 6 May – 26 July 1974'', (United Nations: 1974), p. 20</ref> Go ya ka babusi ba kgaolo ba bokolone ka ngwaga wa 1962, kgaolo e ne e nniwa ke ditlhopha tsa Boran, Gabra Galla, Orma Galla, pokomo, bontlha jwa Somali (kwa Arujan le Garre ba neng ba balelelwa), Rendille, El-molo le Turkana. Ditlhopha tse di ne di dira bontsi jwa batho mo mafelong mangwe wa NFD.<ref>Castagno, A.A (1964). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/158817 The Somali-Kenyan Controversy: Implications for the Future, c. 1963—8"]. ''The Journal of African History''. '''2''' (2): 165–188. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/socioeconomic-dynamics-of-the-shifta-conflict-in-kenya-c-19638/3BCA0B870D076EE2D166523D0924FC6A 10.1017/S0021853712000448]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/158817 158817.] [[:en:Semantic_Scholar#S2CID|S2CID]] [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e5149dae48cac858418e8b4c8f94eda386582c80 162216153.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1953, mokwadi John Baxter o ne a supa gore: Batho ba Sakuye le ba Boran ba ne ba a ja sentle ebile ba apere sentle, le ntswa botshelo jwa thuo bo le thata, batho ba ne ba tshela botshelo jo bonang le seriti ebile bo kgotsofatsa...go ne go supega fa ba ntse ba tshela sentle dingwaga di le mmalwa. Ka ngwaga wa 1940, molaodi wa kgaolo o ne a bua mo pegong ya gagwe ya neelano are: "Batho ba Ewaso Boran dule mo khumong le go tshela sentle go nna magatlapa le go tlhoka se ba se dirang"...<ref name=":0">[[:en:Alex_de_Waal|de Waal, Alex]] (1997). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=UV3XROXhn5oC&redir_esc=y ''Famine Crimes: Politics & the Disaster Relief Industry in Africa''. African Issues] (reprint ed.). Indiana University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780253211583|9780253211583]]</bdi>.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1960, Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro, malatsi a le mane pele ga go neela British Somaliland boipuso, puso ya Britain e ne ya itsise fa dikgaolo tsotlhe tsa Somali di tshwanetse go tshwaragana mo kgaolong ya tsamaiso e le nosi. le a go ntse jalo, morago ga go golola dikolone tsa Aforika ga Britain kwa botlhaba jwa Aforika, lefatshe la Britain le ne la neela tsamaiso ya Northern Frontier lefatshe la Kenya le ntswa tlhopho e e seng ya semmuso e supile fa batho ba le bantsi ba kgaolo eo bogolo jang ba Somali ba ne ba batla go kopana le lefatshe la Somali le lešha.<ref>David D. Laitin, ''Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience'', (University of Chicago Press: 1977), p.75</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1962, moeteledipele wa Kenya National Union (KANU) Jomo Kenyatta o ne a bua phatlalatsa fa bokamoso jwa NFD e le kgang ya selegae ya Kenya, a tlhokomologa dipoifo tsa gore sesole sa Somali se tla laola kgaolo ka go bolelela batho ba Somali ba ba kwa Kenya go phutha mesobana ba ye kwa Somalia.<ref>Branch, Daniel (2017). "Violence, decolonisation and the Cold War in Kenya's north-eastern province, 1963–1978". In Anderson, David M.; Rolandsen, Øystein H. (eds.). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=AGNQDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y ''Politics and Violence in Eastern Africa: The Struggles of Emerging States''.] London: Routledge. pp. 104–119. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-317-53952-0|978-1-317-53952-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Ka nako e, phathi ya KANU e ne e ikemiseditse gore botsuolodi bope jwa Somali bo tla fedisiwa motlhofo; baeteledipele ba phathi ba ne ba tshwenyegile ka gore batho ba Britain ba ka ema nokeng ditlhopha tse di batlang kgaogano go sora se setshwanang le sa kgaolo ya Congo-Kinshasa  e e tsereng boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1960, mme ba tloga ba tshwenngwa ke kgaogano e e neng e ennhwe nokeng ke mafatshe a sele. Maloko a KANU a ne a dumela fa babusi ba kolone ya Britain ba tla nna mautlwelobotlhoko mo bathong ba Somali.<ref>Branch 2017, pp. 104–105.</ref> Ba eteletswe Pele ke phathi ya kgaolo ya bokone ya Northern People's Progressive Party (NPPP), batho ba le bantsi ba Somali, Muslim Borana, Gabra le Rendille mo NFD ba ne ba batla tshwaragano le lefatshe la Somali  kwa bokone. Se e ne e le ka ntlha ya go bo ba tshwana ka tlholego ka kamano ya Muslim, ga mmogo le kakanyo ya gore e tla nna puso e e sa laoleng thata, selo se se neng se le botlhokwa mo botshelong jwa temo thuo.<ref name=":1">Whittaker, Hannah Alice (2012). "The Socioeconomic Dynamics of the Shifta Conflict in Kenya, c. 1963—8". ''The Journal of African History''. '''53''' (3): 391–408. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/socioeconomic-dynamics-of-the-shifta-conflict-in-kenya-c-19638/3BCA0B870D076EE2D166523D0924FC6A 10.1017/S0021853712000448.] [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23353682 23353682]. [[:en:Semantic_Scholar#S2CID|S2CID]] [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e5149dae48cac858418e8b4c8f94eda386582c80 162216153].</ref><ref>Baker, Bruce (2001). ''Escape from Domination in Africa: Political Disengagement & Its Consequences''. Trenton: Africa World Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780865438729|9780865438729]]</bdi>.</ref> NPPP e ne e seegela kwa thoko ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di neng di batla kgaogano jaaka sa kwa Nairobi sa Somali Independent Union.<ref>Weitzberg, Keren (2017). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=L_stDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y We Do Not Have Borders: Greater Somalia and the Predicaments of Belonging in Kenya]''. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780821445952|9780821445952]]</bdi>.</ref> Molao kakanyetso wa go kopanya NFD le Somalia o ne o enngwe nokeng kwa bokone jwa Kenya, le ntswa go ne go na le dipharologano tsa itsholelo le ngwao ga mmogo le go sa iketla mo setshabeng sa Somali. Mo ditlhophong tsa Kenya tsa ngwaga wa 1961, NPPPP e ne ya bona kemo nokeng ya bontsi jwa batho ba Somali kwa bokone jwa Kenya.<ref name=":2">Branch, Daniel (2011). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=XPtUd899xWIC&redir_esc=y Kenya: Between Hope and Despair], 1963-2011''. New Heaven, London: Yale University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-300-14876-3|978-0-300-14876-3]]</bdi>.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, ditlhopha tse di kgatlhanong le kgaogano di ne di le teng kwa NFD, sekai, Northern Province United Association (NPUA), se se neng se enngwe nokeng thata ke batho ba Borana.<ref name=":3">Behr, Agnes Wanjiru (2018). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250411154732/https://erepo.usiu.ac.ke/handle/11732/4574 Border, Identity and (In) Security: The Kenya-Somalia Border 1963-2016]'' (PhD thesis). United States International University Africa.</ref> Diphathi tse dingwe jaaka United Ogade Somali Association (UOSA) di ne di na le maikaelelo a a sa tlhamalalang.<ref name=":3" /> OUSA e ne e fetola maemo a yone a sepolotiki gangwe le gape, nako tse dingwe e buelela go kopana ga dikgaolo tse dintsi tsa Kenya, Somalia le Ethiopia go nna kgaolo ya Ogaden e e ikemetseng.<ref name=":3" /> Palo potlana ya batho ba ba neng ba batla popagano ya lefatshe ba ne ba dumela fa NFD e tshwanetse go tswelela e nna bontlha jwa Kenya, e atlege mo kgaoganong ka buelela kgotsa e ikemele go tswa mo Kenya le Somalia; le fa go ntse jalo, dikakanyo tse di ne tsa nyelela ka bonya.<ref name=":3" /> Batho ba ba batlang kgaogano le ba ba sa e batleng ba ne ba ngangisana, ga nna le tiriso dikgoka gangwe le gape mo setshabeng.<ref name=":3" /> Batho ba Britain ba ne ba akaretsa baemedi ba NFD mo dipuisanong tsa boipuso ebile go lebega ba tlaa dumalana le go kgaogana, ba ne ba felela ba dumalana le phathi e e busang ya kwa Kenya ya KANU, gore seemo sa kgaolo sa nako eo se tla a tswelela jaaka se ntse.<ref name=":1" /> Katlholo ya komiti ya Northern Frontier ya ngwaga wa 1962 e e neng e tshwanetse go sekaseka kgonagalo ya kgaogano ya NFF, e ne ya seegelwakwa ntle ke baditshaba ba Somali Pele ga e itsisiwe, ka ba ne ba feditse gore komiti e tla a sala morago dikakanyo tsa batho ba Kenya ba ba batlang tshwaragano.<ref name=":4">Anderson, David M. (2017). "Remembering Wagalla: state violence in northern Kenya, 1962–1991". In Anderson, David M.; Rolandsen, Øystein H. (eds.). ''[[:en:Shifta_War#CITEREFWeitzberg2017|Politics and Violence in Eastern Africa: The Struggles of Emerging States]]''. London: Routledge. pp. 120–138. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-317-53952-0|978-1-317-53952-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1963, kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome mabedi le bobedi, puso ya Britain e ne ya itsise fa go tla seke go nne le phetolo epe ya Kenya, kwa ntle ga tshwetso ya puso e ntsha ya Kenya. Ka puso ya bokolone e ne e tsere lotlhakore lwa batho ba ba batlang tshwaragano, e ne ya simolola go nna kgatlhanong le NPPPP. Mo dikgweding tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong ngwaga wa 1963, maphata a tshireletso a ne a tshwara baeteledipele ba NPPPP ba le bararo, a ba tshabisetsa kwa mafelong a a kgakala. Morago mokwaledi wa NPPPP Degho Maalim Stamboul le ene o ne a tshwarwa. Rraagwe Degho, kgoi Maalim Mohammed Stamboul, o ne a nna le seabe se segolo mo ntweng ya Shifta.<ref name=":2" /> == Kgotlhang == === Tshimologo ya botsuolodi === Kgotlhang e simologile mo dibekeng tsa go iwa boipusong,<ref name=":5">Branch 2017, p. 106.</ref><ref name=":4" /> jaaka batho ba Somali ba ka nna makgolo a le mmalwa ba NFD ba ne tsaya dibetsa. Baema nokeng ba NPPPP ba solofela go tshwaragana le ba Somalia ka tsuologo ba ne ba tlhama Northern Frontier Districts Liberation Movement (NFDLM). NFDLM e ne ya kgaoganngwa ka ditlhopha di le pedi, di ikaegile ka merafe ya Hawiye le Darod. Lekgamu la Hawiye le ne le bereka kwa Wajir, Moyale, le Mandera, fa la Darod le ne le eteletswe peke ke Maalim Mohammed Stamboul le bereka gaufi le Garissa le molelwane wa borwabophirima jwa Somalia. Batho ba e neng e se ba Somalia jaaka ba Turkana le bone ba ne ba ikopanya le ditsuolodi; maloko a merafe e a ne a tlhotlhelediwa ke poifo ya go ilediwa mesepele le mokgwa wa botshelo o o patelediwang ke puso ya Kenya. Le ntswa ditsuolodi di ne di farologana ka ditso le dipharologano, di ne di kopanngwa ke go nna kgatlhanong le go kopanngwa mo go neng go amangwa le Kenya. Ba ba dumelang mo kgaoganong ba ne ba dumela fa lefatshe la Somalia le tlaa fokotsa go itshunya nko mo mererong ya lone, se se dira gore go laola kgaolo go ye tlase, mme go tshelwe matshelo a a neng a tlwaetse kgaolo go sena puso.<ref name=":5" /> Kgaolo e ne ya tsena mo nakong ya dintwa tsa nakwana gareng ga sesole sa Kenya le ditsuolodi tsa NFDLM tse di neng di enngwe nokeng ke batho ba Somali. Batswasetlhabelo ba ntlha ba tlhwatlhwa e ne e le baeteledipele ba Borana, molaodi wa ntlha wa Dabaso Wabera le kgosi Haji Galma Dido ba ba neng ba bolawa ba le mo tseleng ya go ya Isiolo go kopa banni ba koo go sa eme nokeng ba ba batlang kgaogano. Bobedi bo bo bolailweng e ne e le banni ba Kenya ba lotso lwa Somali  ba ba neng ba tshaba ka go kgabaganya molelwane wa Somali.<ref><sup>Drysdale, John (1964). ''The Somali Dispute''. Pall Mall Press[''page needed'']</sup></ref> Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 1963, seemo sa tshireletso kwa NFD se ne sa wela tlase ka bofefo fa Shifta ba simolola go tlhasela sepodisi le sesole.<ref name=":6">Whittaker, Hannah (2014). ''Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Kenya : A Social History of the Shifta Conflict, C. 1963-1968''. Brill. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9789004282674|9789004282674]]</bdi>.</ref> Lefatshe la Kenya le ne la neelwa boipuso ka kgwedi ya Morule e le lesome le bobedi, mme masole a NPPPP fa a tsiboga a ne a dira ditlhaselo mo sepodising sa kwa bokone mo maitseboeng, le mo mafelong a botsamaisi. Ditlhaselo tse di ne tsa baka gore baeteledipele ba NPPPP ba ikgogele morago mo go ba shifta, mme ba supe fa ba tla bereka go tshwaragana le Somalia ka molao.<ref name=":7">[https://web.stanford.edu/group/tomzgroup/pmwiki/uploads/1426-1964-04-KS-AMS.pdf "April 1964 - Border Incidents, State of Emergency in Kenya North-Eastern Region, - Regional Elections"] (PDF). ''Keesing's Record of World Events''. '''10'''. Keesing's Worldwide, LLC. April 1964.</ref> Tshutiso e e ne e raya gore phathi e nnile le seabe mo go direng bokgoba tlolo molao.<ref name=":3" /> [[Setshwantsho:Jomo Kenyatta.jpg|thumb|Jomo Kenyatta a tserwe senepe ka ngwagagwa 1966 o ne a leka go kokobatsa botsoulodi a sa thatafatse sesole sa Kenya]] Dipula tse di matsorotsoro di kganetse maphata a tshireletso go emisa botsuolodi jwa ntlha, bogolo jang ka ditsuolodi di ne di akola kemo nokeng ya maemo a a kwa godimo mo baaging ba NFD ka nako ya botsuolodi mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":2" /> Le ntswa go ntse jaana, puso ya Kenya ka fa tlase ga taolo ya ga Kenyatta Pele e ne ya seka ya bona fa go lwa mo go neng go dirwa kwa NFD e le kgang e e ka bewang Pele. Kenyatta o ne a tshwenyegile thata ka go kgonagala ga thankgolo ga baba ba gagwe KANU, a tshaba le gore sesole se ka nna sa thatafadiwa ke sepolotiki ka go lwa le ditsuolodi se le nosi. Ka jalo o ne a tsaya tshwetso ya go fetoga mo thotloetsong ya Britain kwa NFD, a kopa thuso kwa United Kingdom go bona gore ba ka dira jang ka ditsuolodi.<ref name=":2" /> Kenyatta o ne a laola botona jwa sesole sa Kenya le ntswa go ne go na le matshosetsi a dorwa ke ba ba batlang kgaogano le dikgotlang le Somalia. O ne a ikaega ka lekgotla la GSU go emisa botsuolodi. Lekgotla le, le na le meohato e le sekete, le ne le rutilwe ke masole a mo phefong a Britain, le ne le na le batho ba morafe wa Kikuyu ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba le boikanyego mo pusong ya Kenya. Ka kgwedi ya Morule e le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa 1963, puso ya Kenya e ne ya itsise ka seemo sa tshoganyetso kwa bokone botlhaba.<ref name=":1" /> Se se ne se akaretsa go letla maphata a tshireletso go tshwara batho go fitlhelela malatsi a le masome a matlhano le borataro ba sa sekisiwa, go tsaya dithoto tsa batho ba go akanyediwang ba tsuologa fa ba kgokgontshiwa, le go iletsa tshwanelo ya go kopana le metsamao. Lefelo la kiletso le ne la tlhamiwa mo molelwaneng wa Somali,    go atlholelwa loso go ne ga dirwa tshwanelo fa o fitlhelwa o tshotse ditlhobolo tse di seng mo teseletsong.Dikgotlatshekelo tse di faphegileng go sena tsholofetso ya tsheko di ne tsa dirwa.<ref name=":0" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, bontlha jwa maikaelelo a lone a go tshephisa setshaba, pampiri ya Voice of Kenya e ne ya laelwa go sa bitse kgotlhang e kgotlhang ya molelwane, fa komiti ya puso e e faphegileng e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya go bitsa ditsuolodi shiftas go fokotsa  seemo sa sepolotiki sa ntwa.<ref name=":3" /> === Go sa nne le tswelelopele === Le ntswa ba ne ba atlega ba bo ba bona kemo nokeng kwa tshimologong, batho ba Shifta ba ne ba le bokoa ka dipalo le didirisiwa go ka fenya masole. Ka jalo se se ne sa baka gore dilo di eme go sena tswelelopele.<ref name=":5" /> Fa batho ba Shifta gangwe le gape ba ne ba gweba ka loruo gore ba bon dibetsa, ba ne ba ikaegile thata ka dibetsa tse di neng di tswa kwa Somalia.<ref name=":6" /> Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1963, kemo nokeng ya lefatshe la Somalia e ne ya nna maleba. Ka jalo ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa 1964, butsolodi bo ne jwa oketsega morago ga gore lefatshe la Somalia le amogele dibetsa go tswa kwa Soviet Union mme le ne la gana ka Mopitlo ka didirisiwa tsa bone di ne di fedile. Se engwe nokeng ke masole a Britain, sesole sa Kenya se ne sa simolola tlolo molao e tona kgwedi eo, le ntswa se se ne sa seka sa itsa ditsuolodi go dira tlolo molao ya bone kgatlhanong le toropo ya Marsabit. Ka nako e, sephatlo sa sesole sa Kenya se ne sa akarediwa mo NFD.<ref name=":7" /> [[Setshwantsho:Camels in Marsabit, Kenya.jpg|left|thumb|Ba shifta ba ne ba utswa dikgomo le dikamela ka nako ya kgotlhang]] Maduo a botsuolodi jwa Shifta e ne e le go bewa monwana ga tumalano ya 1964 gareng ga puso ya ga [[Jomo Kenyatta]] le puso ya lefatshe la Ethiopia ya ga [[Haile Selassie]].<ref name=":5" /> Go tlhaga ga ntwa gareng ga mafatshe a Ethiopia le Somalia go ne ga fokotsa dibetsa tse di yang kwa shifta, ka jalo fa ngwaga o ntse o tsweletse ba Shifta ba ne ba tsaya karolo mo dintweng tsa selegae. legato le lešha le le ne la baka gore bo ramatlhale ba Kenya ba dire mefuta e meraro ya botsuolodi jwa Kenya: go tlhasela ba bo ba sia, ditlhaselo tsa dikoloi le go utsuwa ga dikgomo ke batho ba ba tshotseng dibetsa. Ka ngwaga wa 1965, bogodu jwa dikgomo bo ne bo ile magoletsa mo ditiragalong tseo, se se dira gore go nne thata gore baeteledipele ba Kenya ba farologanye tiriso dikgoka le ditlhaselo tsdi amanang le kgotlhang.<ref>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9789004282674|Whittaker 2014,]] p. 74.</ref> == Metswedi == sst5ab2xuo03p6tdlflng0erkc57nqh Nkuli Sibeko 0 11690 56905 50616 2026-10-24T12:04:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Nkuli Sibeko|birth_name=Nonkuleleko Sibeko|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1980|6|24}}|birth_place=[[South Africa]]|resting place coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|alma mater=[[University of Cape Town]]|occupation=Actress, Screenwriter, Producer|years active=2005–present}} '''Nonkuleleko 'Nkuli' Sibeko''' (o tshotswe ka letsatsi la masome mabedi le bone Seetebosigo 1980), ke modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa, motlhagisi le mokwadi wa difilimi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250222005011/https://cliffcentral.com/gcs/gareths-guests/nkuli-sibeko/ "Nkuli Sibeko"]. ''CliffCentral''. 30 March 2016. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://roodepoortrecord.co.za/513256/a-local-film-to-make-you-feel/ "A local film to make you feel"]. ''Roodepoort Record''. 30 September 2018. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.zanews.co.za/the-zanews-team "The Team – ZANEWS"]. ''zanews''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Sibeko o tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bone 1980 mo Aforika Borwa. O alogile ka dikirii ya Bobogelo le Tiragatso kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Motsekapa]].<ref name=":0">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=5486&sr=1 "Nkuli Sibeko-Botman: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> O nyalane le modiragatsi ka ene [[Thembile Botman]]. == Tiro == Ka 2005, o ne a tsenela motshameko wa metlae wa SABC1 wa ''City Ses'la'' mme a tshameka karolo ya "Dana Roberts". Seabe seo se ne sa ratwa thata, mme a tswelela go tshameka seabe se go fitlha kwa bokhutlong jwa paka ya bone ka 2010.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2009, o ne a gapa Sekgele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang yo o Tshegetsang mo setlhopheng sa Metlae ya TV kwa [[Dikabong tsa Difilimi le Thelebišene tsa Aforika Borwa]] (SAFTA) ka ntlha ya seabe se. Pele ga a fenya, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang - wa Metlae ya TV kwa SAFTAs ka bobedi ka 2006 le 2007. Fa nako e ntse e ya, o ne a tlhagelela mo pakeng ya bobedi ya motseletsele wa drama wa SABC1 wa ''Society'' ka seabe se sennye jaaka "Dineo's Nanny". Morago ga moo o ne a tshameka jaaka "Zanele" mo polelong ya Mzansi Magic ya ''It's for Life''.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/saturday-star/zuma-tweet-on-daughters-sitcom-roles-creates-stir-1101963 "Zuma tweet on daughters' sitcom roles creates stir"]. ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2012, o ne a dira karolo ya tshegetso ya "Dana" mo motseletseleng wa metlae wa SABC1 wa ''[[Ses'Top La]]'', kwa a neng a dira karolo ya gagwe gape mo pakeng ya bobedi le yone. Ka 2014, o ne a nna moeng mo motseletseleng wa Mzansi Magic wa ''Samsokolo''.<ref>[https://storage.googleapis.com/website-zkhiphani/uploads/Winnie-Ntshaba-and-Nkuli-Sibeko-7th-annual-SAFTAs-nominees-2013-e1361033838280.jpg "Winnie Ntshaba and Nkuli Sibeko-7th annual SAFTAs nominees 2013"]. ''Online Youth Magazine | Zkhiphani.com''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2014 o ne a kwala mmogo motseletsele wa dikgaisano tsa boammaaruri tsa SABC1 tsa ''The Perfect Sishebo Show''.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tlhophiwa gabedi go bona Phitlhelelo e e Gaisang mo go Kwaleng Dikwalo mo setlhopheng sa Metlae ya TV mo difiliming tsa tatelano tsa ''Kota Life Crisis'' le ''Puppet Nation ZA'' kwa di-SAFTA tsa 2016. Mo mokwalong wa ''Puppet Nation ZA'', Sibeko o ne a tlhophiwa gape jaaka Phitlhelelo e e Gaisang mo go Kwaleng kwa di-SAFTA tsa 2017.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2540732/awards "Nkuli Sibeko accolades"]. ''IMDb''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ke motlhagisi-mogolo kwa Jack&Jill Productions kwa a tlhagisitseng filimi e khutshwane ya 2013 ya Lexus le filimi ya 2018 ya ''Table Manners''.<ref>Dercksen, Daniel (26 September 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20251117195257/https://writingstudio.co.za/safta-award-winning-writer-and-actress-nkuli-sibeko-talks-about-crafting-the-screenplay-for-table-manners/ "SAFTA Award-winning writer and actress Nkuli Sibeko talks about crafting the screenplay for Table Manners"]. ''The Writing Studio''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.berlinale-talents.de/bt//bt/project/profile/242330 "Berlinale Talents Project - Table Manners"]. ''Berlinale Talents''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-09-14-00-cooking-fills-the-gap-of-a-lost-love/ "Cooking fills the gap of a lost love"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 14 September 2018. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2016-05-19-loves-labours-lost-as-xhosa-flick-is-yet-to-click/ "Love's labour's lost as Xhosa flick is yet to click"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Filimi !Karolo !Genre !Ref. |- |2005 |''City Ses'la'' |Dana Roberts |TV series | |- |2005 |''Mazinyo dot Q.'' |Mrs Dlovo |TV series | |- |2006 |''Izoso Connexion'' |Lerato |TV series | |- |2009 |''Society'' |Dineo's Nanny |TV series | |- |2010 |''Home Affairs'' |Mpho |TV series | |- |2011 |''It's for Life'' |Zanele |TV series | |- |2012 |''Ses'Top La'' |Dana |TV series | |- |2013 |''Samsokolo'' |Guest role |TV series | |- |2013 |''Lexus'' |Producer |Short film | |- |2018 |''Table Manners'' |Producer, writer |Film | |} == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] kk5839s3v5zk2j5qxmktccetssf2hym Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga 0 13722 56908 50867 2026-10-24T14:03:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga''' ke lepolotiki [[Zimbabwe|wa kwa Zimbabwe]] e bile ke Moemedi kwa Bogosing jwa [[Sweden]] . Ka nako ya fa a ne a le Mopalamente wa Glen Norah, o ne a dira gape jaaka tona ya merero ya mafatshe sele wa [[Movement for Democratic Change]]. Fa lekoko le kgaogana ka 2005, o ne a sala le setlhopha sa MDC mme a tlhophiwa go nna Mothusa Mokwaledi-Mogolo wa lekoko leo. O ntse a emetse lekoko la gagwe mo dipuisanong tsa sepolotiki tsa Zimbabwe. == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka 2009 o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Kopano ya Dikgaolo le Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba. Mo pusong ya kutlwano ya bosetšhaba mo kokoanong ya MDC ya 2011 o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mokwaledimogolo wa lekoko, maemo a a tla a tshwarang go fitlha kwa bokopanong jo bo latelang ka 2016. Ke moemedi yo mogolo wa MDC kwa JOMIC (Komiti e e Kopanetsweng ya Tlhokomelo le Tiragatso) le COPAC, Komiti ya Molaomotheo ya Zimbabwe ya Palamente ya molaomotheo.<ref name="swornin">{{Cite web |date=13 February 2009 |title=Cabinet sworn in amid chaotic scenes |url=http://www.newzimbabwe.com/pages/minister20.19389.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214135850/http://newzimbabwe.com/pages/minister20.19389.html |archive-date=14 February 2009 |access-date=2009-02-13 |publisher=NewZimbabwe.com}}</ref> Ka Phalane 2024 o ne a tsaya karolo mo ''Bokopanong jwa Botsogo jwa Basadi ba Nordic-Africa'' e e neng e rulagantswe ke Setheo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Ditharabololo tsa go Lwantsha Megare. O ne a buisana ka "go tlamela ka boitekanelo jwa basadi le bana" le baemedi ba bangwe ba ba neng ba akaretsa baemedi ba bangwe ba ba tlhomologileng ba basadi ba Aforika ya Bokone go akaretsa [[Angeline Kavindu Musili]] wa Kenya, Margaret M. Otteskov wa Uganda, [[Diane Gashumba]] wa Rwanda le Priscilla Mushongahaira wa Zimbabwe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cassan |first=Julie |date=2024-10-17 |title=Connecting AMR, Gender, and Equity at the Nordic–African Women’s Health Forum |url=https://icars-global.org/connecting-amr-gender-and-equity-at-the-nordic-african-womens-health-forum/ |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=ICARS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O ne a nna motlholagadi morago ga gore monna wa gagwe, Dr Christopher Mushonga, a tlhokafale ka ntlha ya dikgobalo tse a neng a di bone ka nako ya go utswela mo go neng ga se ka ga atlega.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.zimdaily.com/news/mushonga27.7353.html|title=Mushonga killer gang now faces murder charge|date=19 August 2009|publisher=ZimDaily.com|access-date=2010-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100212084031/http://zimdaily.com/news/mushonga27.7353.html|archivedate=2010-02-12}}</ref> == Metswedi == 2wz6lev3t22lvod5vlrhnsi1k821sv2 Tumisang Orebonye 0 14809 56916 54664 2026-10-24T17:41:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56916 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumisang Orebonye''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro (1996) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Motswana yo o tshamekang jaaka motshameki wa bogare wa setlhopha sa Al-Shomooa sa Libyan Premier League le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Botswana. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240528185301/https://www.besoccer.com/player/t-orebonye-369352 "T. Orebonye - Al-Shomooa SC".] Retrieved 9 March 2026</ref>Orebonye e ne e le motshameki wa ntlha wa Botswana go fenya sekgele sa kontinente, a fenya CAF Confederation Cup ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023) le USM Alger .<ref>Pheko, Isaac (9 August 2023)[https://guardiansun.co.bw/sports/football/orebonye-talks-life-and-football . "Orebonye talks life and football".] Guardian Sun. Retrieved 5 January 2026.</ref> == Tiro ya go tshameka == === USM Alger === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Orebonye o ne a ya kwa USM Alger ka konteraka ya dingwaga di le pedi le halofo, a tlogela OC Khouribga ya kwa Morocco. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260712030521/https://mediafootdz.dz/mercato-tumisang-orebonye-signe-a-lusma/ Mercato : Tumisang Orebonye signe à l'USMA"]. mediafootdz.dz. 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.</ref>Kwadiso ya gagwe e ne ya diegisiwa ka gore o ne a sa ntse a le mo kgolegelong e e neng e beilwe ke Royal Moroccan Football Federation, e e neng ya mo thibela go tlhagelela mo kgaisanong ya selegae go fitlha ka Tlhakole. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240809193533/https://www.competition.dz/actualites/89-ligue-1/84339-usma-tumisang-orebonye-est-il-suspendu.html USMA : Tumisang Orebonye est-il suspendu ?]". competition.dz. 1 February 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.</ref>Orebonye o ne a tshamekela setlhopha sa gagwe sa ntlha kwa CAF Confederation Cup fa ba ne ba fenya Saint-Éloi Lupopo. Beke morago ga moo mo kgaisanong e e tshwanang kgatlhanong le Al Akhdar, Orebonye o ne a tsenya bolo ya gagwe ya ntlha mo setlhopheng.<ref>[https://www.dzfoot.com/football-en-algerie/coupes/caf-cc-bonne-operation-de-lusma-en-libye-238491.html CAF CC : Bonne opération de l'USMA en Libye]". dzfoot.com. 19 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e thola boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Orebonye o ne a gapa sekgele sa ntlha le setlhopha sa gagwe ka go fenya CAF Confederation Cup, koo a neng a nna motshameki wa ntlha wa Botswana go gapa sekgele sa kontinente<ref name=":0">[https://www.barrons.com/news/usm-alger-lift-caf-cup-despite-home-loss-to-young-africans-2cdf88d4 USM Alger Lift CAF Cup Despite Home Loss To Young Africans"]. barrons.com. 3 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2023.</ref>.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230607131320/https://enole.co.bw/tumisang-orebonye-won-caf-confederation-gold-medal/ Tumisang Orebonye won CAF Confederation Gold Medal]". enole.co.bw. 5 June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.</ref>O ne a fenya gape le USM Alger, CAF Super Cup ya 2023, morago ga go fenya Al Ahly ka qkgwedi ya Lwetse. <ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260215223249/https://mediafootdz.dz/lusma-remporte-la-supercoupe-de-la-caf-face-au-ahly/ L'USMA remporte la Supercoupe de la CAF face au Ahly"]. mediafootdz.dz. 15 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), USM Alger e ne ya fedisa konteraka ya ga Orebonye ka tumelano, e mo letla go tlogela setlhopha jaaka moemedi yo o gololesegileng. <ref>[https://planetesport.dz/tumisang-orebonye-veut-quitter-lusma/ Tumisang Orebonye veut quitter l'USMA]". Planete Sport. 3 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January </ref><ref>[https://www.dzfoot.com/non-classe/usm-alger-resiliation-du-contrat-de-tumisang-orebonye-252486.html USM Alger : Résiliation du contrat de Tumisang Orebonye".] DZfoot. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.</ref> === AS FAR === Moragonyana ga go tswa kwa Algeria, Orebonye o ne a boela kwa Morocco go ya go saena le AS FAR Rabat ka tumelano ya dingwaga di le pedi le sephatlo kwa tshimologong ya kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024).<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/orebonye-returns-to-morocco/news Orebonye returns to Morocco".] Orebonye returns to Morocco. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2025.</ref> === Al-Ittihad Tripoli === Orebone o ne a nna kwa AS FAR mme morago ga moo a tsaya kgato e nngwe: ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), setlhopha sa kwa Libya sa Al Ittihad Tripoli se ne sa tsenya tirisong tumelano ya gagwe ya go mo golola, e go neng ga begwa gore e ka nna $500,000, gore a kgone go bona ditirelo tsa gagwe go tswa kwa AS FAR, mme seo sa dira gore a kopane le mokatisi Juan Carlos Garrido, yo o neng a kile a mo thapisa kwa USM Alger.<ref>Géthox, Sonangnon (8 February 2025). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20260106064729/https://africafootunited.com/transfert-equipe-du-botswana-tumisang-orebonye-rejoint-officiellement-al-ittihad-club/ Transfert – Équipe du Botswana : Tumisang Orebonye rejoint officiellement Al-Ittihad Club"]. ''AfricaFootUnited'' (in French). Retrieved 23 December 2025.</ref> == Tiro ya boditšhabatšhaba == Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017),Tumisang Orebonye o ne a tshameka motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Botswana kgatlhanong le Tanzania mo motshamekong wa botsalano. Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ( 2018),Orebonye o ne a tsenya bolo ya gagwe ya ntlha ka mebala ya Botswana kgatlhanong le Namibia. Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Orebonye o ne a dira hat-trick kgatlhanong le Lesotho mo kgaisanong ya ditlhopha tsa COSAFA Cup. == Dipalopalo tsa ditiro == === Club === Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024)<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/tumisang-orebonye/478909/ Tumisang Orebonye] at Soccerway</ref> == <ref>[https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/28927/Zambia_Botswana.html Zambia vs. Botswana"]. National Football Teams. Retrieved 5 June 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/20753/Botswana_Namibia.html Botswana vs. Namibia]". National Football Teams. Retrieved 5 June 2025.</ref>Ditlotla == === Dithuthuntshwane tsa Township Rollers === * Botswana Premier League: 2018-19 === USM Alger === * CAF Confederation Cup: 2022 ⁇ 23 <ref name=":0" /> * CAF Super Cup: 2023 <ref name=":1" /> === Motho a le mongwe === * FUB Young Player of the Season: 2017<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200702210143/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/mobile/news-details.php?nid=38243&flag= https://web.archive.org/web/20200702210143/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/mobile/news-details.php?nid=38243&flag=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702210143/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/mobile/news-details.php?nid=38243&flag=]</ref> * Mascom Top 8 Cup Top Goalscorer: 2019a<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190519082354/http://www.sundaystandard.info/galaxy-are-new-mascom-top-8-stars Galaxy are the new Mascom Top 8 stars | Sunday Standard".] www.sundaystandard.info. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019.</ref> == Metswedi == 5r93yuwmtd8p2uqyphl6dsbofkn456k Rebecca Dallis 0 15028 56910 55442 2026-10-24T14:24:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Rebecca Dallis|birth_date=Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 1896|birth_place=Connersville, Indian, [[USA]]|death_date=Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 1971|education=Swift Memorial College}} '''Rebecca Dallis''' (o o tshotsweng ka Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a robabongwe le borataro - a tlhokafala ka Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le motso) e ne e le motlhatlhelela dithuto wa bana ba bantsho ba ma Amerika gape e le molwela ditshwanelo wa mo Amerika. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Rebecca Huey o tshotswe ka Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a robabongwe le borataro kwa Connersville, Indiana.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250321034024/https://www.azwhf.org/copy-of-mary-russell-ferrell-colton-2 "Rebecca Dallis".] ''AWHF''. Retrieved 11 September 2026</ref><ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260911201619/https://www.casagrandemainstreet.org/media/attachments/2021/04/22/dallis.pdf "Rebecca Dallis (b. 1896, d. 1971)"] (PDF). ''Casa Grande Main Street''. Retrieved 11 September 2026</ref> Dallis o ne a nyalwa ke William Curtis Dallis ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro.<ref name=":3">Cleere, Jan (2012). "LEGACIES OF THE PAST:HISTORIC WOMEN OF ARIZONA". ''Arizona Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies''. '''1''': 89–105.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le bone, o ne a aloga kwa sekolong se segolwane sa Swift Memorial ka dithuto tsa Bachelor of Arts le thuto go tswa kwa moding.<ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, o ne a fudugela kwa Phoenix le monna wa gagwe, kwa monna wa gagwe a neng a na le kgwebo ya tsa diphitlho.<ref name=":4">Cleere, Jan (2016-03-14). [https://tucson.com/news/local/article_5ec390c9-a049-5f9f-a072-f63f7a051dbd.html "Western women: Teacher set high expectations for black students".] ''Arizona Daily Star''. Retrieved 11 September 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaonwge masome a mararo le bobedi, e ne e le morutabana kwa Mobile, kwa Arizona, kgaolo e bontsi jwa banni ba yone e leng batho ba mmala o montsho ba Amerika.<ref name=":1" /> Dallis o ne a boela sekolong, a aloga ka dithuto tsa Master of Arts mo go tsa thuto go tswa kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa University of Arizona ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le botlhano.<ref name=":3" /> E ne e le mongwe wa basadi ba ntlha ba ma America ba bantsho go aloga ka dithuto tsa master's degree go tswa kwa sekolong seo.<ref name=":5">Snell, Dawn; Society, Casa Grande Valley Historical (2011-11-28). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=-OvBCQAAQBAJ&dq=rebecca+dallis+arizona&pg=PA82&redir_esc=y Casa Grande]''. Arcadia Publishing. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4396-4982-4|<bdi>978-1-4396-4982-4</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a mararo le botlhano, setshaba sa Casa Grande se ne sa agela bana ba babereki ba temo ya letsela ba bantsho kwa Amerika ba ba neng ba fudugela kwa toropong sekolo. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le borobabongwe Dallis o ne a nna morutabana wa sekolo sa Southside Colored Grammar School. O ne a ruta bana ba ka nna dipalo tsa masome a mane go tsena masome a supa ba dithuto tse dipotlana go tsena ba lokwalo lwa borobabobedi, a duelwa boraro fela mo tuelong ya barutabana ba basweu, mme gape a berekela mo diemong tsa lehuma.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a rutela tsa itsholelo ya mo gae kwa lolwapeng lwa gagwe, ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya didirisiwa tsa thuto e kwa sekolong.<ref name=":4" /> Dallis le monna wa gagwe gape ba ne ba eme nokeng baithuti ba ba feditseng lokwalo lwa borobabobedi, ba ba rutela mo lolwapaneng lwa lolwapa lwa gagwe go netefatsa gore ba kgona go aloga mo sekolong sa legare go ya kwa go se segolwane.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":6">Melcher, Mary (1999). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3347024 ""This Is Not Right": Rural Arizona Women Challenge Segregation and Ethnic Division, 1925-1950"]. ''Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies''. '''20''' (2): 190–214. doi:[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3347024?origin=crossref 10.2307/3347024]. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0160-9009 0160-9009]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]][https://www.jstor.org/stable/3347024 &nbsp;3347024.]</ref> Fa a tla go itse gore baithuti ba tlhoka gore ba bo ba itse puo ya Spanish go tsena mo sekolong se segolwane, o ne a reka dithuto tseo, a ithuta le baithuti ba gagwe.<ref name=":3" /> Dallis le monna wa gagwe gape ba ne ba rutela kwa Stanfield, Arizona, kwa sekolong se se neng se reeletswe ka rraagwe ebong William Huey.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /> W.C Dallis o ne a tswelela ka go ruta koo le fa a sena go simolodisa go ruta kwa Southside Colored School, a felela a nna mogokgo.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /> Dallis gape o rutile bana ba Casa Grande go tshameka piano, ba e tshameka kwa manyalong le diphitlho.<ref name=":4" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bobedi, setshaba sa Casa Grande se ne sa aga sekolo se setona sa East School.<ref name=":1" /> Dallis o ne a thapiwa e le mogokgo wa sekolo se sesha se.<ref name=":3" /> Fa a bona tiro ya ga Dallis le ntswa a tlhaelelwa ke didirisiwa, mosadi o moseu Louise Henness, o ne a simolola go buelela kopano ya dikolo.<ref name=":6" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro, morago ga go fedisa kgaogano ya lotso le mmala, Dallis o ne a nna mogokgo wa sekolo seo. Dallis o ne a rolwa marapo ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bobedi ka ntlha ya ditshetlana ts go ithola tiro, le ntswa a ka tswa a ne a tswelela ka go ruta kwa Stanfield.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> Fa a lemoga letlhoko la go engwa nokeng ga malwapa a a nang le bana ba ba tshelang ka bogole, Dallis o ne a ya go tsena sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa Arizona State Univessity go dira dithuto tseo.<ref name=":1" /> Dallis morago o ne a ikopanya le babereki ba sekolo sa kereke ya Trinity Southern Baptist sa Spero go thusa bana ba ba nang le bogole jwa tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Dallis o tlhokafetse ka Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le motso.<ref name=":4" /> == Boswa == Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi, sekolo sa Southside Colored, kwa Dallis a neng a ruta teng, se ne sa fudusediwa kwa mabaleng a mokgatsha wa Casa Grande wa metlobo ya ditso, sa fetolwa leina go nna Rebecca Dallis Schoolhouse.<ref name=":7">[https://www.library.pima.gov/content/rebecca-huey-dallis/ "Rebecca Huey Dallis".] ''www.library.pima.gov''. Retrieved 11 September 2026</ref><ref name=":4" /> Dallis o ne a fiwa tlotla ya go nna mongwe wa bomme ba tlotla ba Arizona mo porojekeng ya ditso ya "go dira pharologanyo: bomme ba Arizona ba aga setshaba, go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe go tsena sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi.<ref name=":4" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bosupa, Dallis o ne a tsenngwa mo palong ya bomme ba Arizona ba ba tumileng.<ref name=":7" /> == Metswedi == 6gr03l5ljangtdzv0s04gwvxmmsduup Umqombothi 0 15131 56917 55125 2026-10-24T17:46:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umqombothi''', ke mofuta wa biri ya setso ya Aforika Borwa e e dirilweng ka mmidi, mmidi, sorghum, yeast le metsi. Biri e na le selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa bojalwa (se gantsi se kwa tlase ga 3%) mme e na le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa dibitamine tsa B. E na le mmala o o boteng, o o boreledi le o o serolwana (o o tswang mo mmiding), monko wa yone o o bogale e bile o utlwala sentle, e bile ga e bonale sentle e bile e na le mmala o o bosetlha.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=hp_xAwC_EXcxeC7h&v=cTBp5Uli1pM&feature=youtu.be</ref> Umqombothi e tlhwatlhwatlase go na le biri ya lager e e rekisiwang e e dirilweng ka barele e bile e na le moutlwalo wa dithunya tsa hop.<ref name=":1">https://www.beerandbrewing.com/style-school-umqombothi-a-south-african-tradition</ref> == Mokgwa o o tlwaelegileng wa go o apaya == Umqombothi e dirwa go ya ka dingwao tsa setso, mme tsone di farologana go sekae go ya ka mafelo. Gantsi mokgwa ono o fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Ka tlwaelo biri e apewa mo molelong kwa ntle ga ntlo. Go tswa foo e tsidifadiwa ka tsela e e sa direng sepe go fitlha e nna mogote o o kwa ntle ga ntlo.<ref>https://www.foodformzansi.co.za/mzansi-meet-this-years-best-umqombothi-brewer/</ref> Diteng tse di dirisitsweng ke: selekanyo se se lekanang sa bupi jwa mmidi, bupi jwa mmidi jo bo thubagantsweng (bupi jwa mmidi) le bupi jwa sorghum jo bo thubagantsweng. Mabele a a dirilweng ka mmidi a dira gore go nne le biri e e nang le modumo o o bosetlhana e bile e na le tatso e e bothitho. Bojalwa jwa sorghum bo dira gore biri e nne ntsho. Dilo tse di dirisiwang di tswakanngwa mo pitseng ya tshipi, e e bidiwang potjie mo Aforika Borwa. Go tsenngwa dikubita di le nnè tsa metsi a a bothitho. Motswako ono o tlogelwa bosigo jotlhe. Motswako ono o simolola go bela, mme go bo go tlhaga dikgolokwe. Go ka utlwala monko o o botlhole.<ref name=":2">https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2021-09-23-new-law-guides-the-brewing-of-umqombothi-/</ref> Go ntshiwa karolo e nnye ya wort mme e bo e bewa ka fa thoko. Se se setseng se a apewa go fitlha se nna makape. Sejalo seno se bidiwa isidudu mme se ka jewa jaaka mmidi. Fa go dirwa biri, isidudu e tlogelwa gore e tsidifale letsatsi lotlhe. Fa motswako ono o sena go tsidifala, o tshelwa mo teng ga nkgo e kgolo ya polasetiki. Motlhware o o neng o beetswe kwa thoko o tsenngwa mo teng ga nkgo. Go tsenngwa motswako o monnye wa sorghum le motswako o monnye wa mmidi mo teng ga nkgo. Motswako ono o tlhakatlhakanngwa ka leswana la setso le le bidiwang iphini. Mogatla o khurumeditswe ka sekhurumelo le kobo (go boloka mogote). Mogatla ono o bewa mo lefelong le le bothitho bosigo jotlhe gore o kgone go bedisa.<ref name=":1" /> Fa o batla go bona gore a bojalwa bo setse bo siame, mokgwa o o tlwaelegileng wa go bo leka ke go tshuba tlhase gaufi le nkgo. Fa e tima ka bonako, motswako o tla bo o siame. Fa e ka nna e ntse e tuka, seno ga se ise se siame. Seno se dirwa ke gore mash a a bedisang a ntsha khabonetaeokosaete e ntsi, e e sa letleng gore peterolo e tuke. Fa motswako oo o setse o siame, o tlhotlhwa ka mosidi o mogolo wa tshipi go ntsha dithoro tse di setseng. Matlapana a a kwa tlase ga seroto a bidiwa intshela. Intshela e tsenngwa mo bojalweng jo bo tlhotlhilweng go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e oketsegileng. Dithoro tse di dirisitsweng di a gogiwa mme gantsi di latlhelwa mo mmung gore dikoko di di je. Motho yo o dirang biri eno ka tlwaelo o leboga bagologolwane fa a ntse a tshela mmidi.<ref>https://www.foodformzansi.co.za/umqombothi-take-a-sip-of-mzansis-traditional-icon/</ref> Fa biri e sena go tlhotlhwa, e tshelwa mo teng ga moropa o mogolo o o dirisiwang ke batho botlhe o o bidiwang gogogo. E siametse go abelwa ditsala le ba lelapa. Fa baeng ba goroga kwa legaeng la motho yo o dirang biri go tla go e latswa le go keteka le bone, go tlwaelegile gore ba tle ka lebotlolo la boranti e le letshwao la go leboga.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |url=https://www.slowfood.com/blog-and-news/brewers-of-traditional-afrikan-beer/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260920054455/https://www.slowfood.com/blog-and-news/brewers-of-traditional-afrikan-beer/ |archive-date=2026-09-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Umqombothi_en_ukhamba,_cerveza_tradicional_sudafricana_01.jpg|thumb|Umqombothi e jewa mo sekepeng sa biri sa Ukhamba, sa MaZulu kwa [[Cape Town]], [[Aforika Borwa|South Africa]].]] == Tiriso ya setso == Umqombothi e dirisetswa go keteka go boela gae ga makawana, a a itsegeng jaaka abakwetha mo setsong sa Ba-Xhosa, morago ga ulwaluko - go simolola le go rupisiwa ga banna ba bodumedi. Biri eno e na le seabe se se botlhokwa fa mongwe a ikgolaganya le bagologolwane ba bone, izinyanya, e bile e na le seabe se segolo mo setšhabeng, ka jalo gantsi e dirisiwa ka nako ya manyalo a setso, diphitlho, le di-imbizos (dikopano tsa setso).<ref name=":3" /> == Dilo tse di amang boitekanelo == Patlisiso e fitlhetse gore sorgo le mmidi tse di dirisiwang jaaka diteng tsa umqombothi gantsi di kgotlelwa ke mouta o o ntshang mycotoxin Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp. le Mucor spp.<ref name=":2" /> Le fa gone biri e e setseng e dirilwe e sa kgotlelwa ke di-fungus, diperesente di le 33 tsa biri ya sorghum e e dirilweng mo kgwebong e ne e na le aflatoxin mme diperesente di le 45 tsa di-beer tse di dirilweng mo gae di ne di na le zearalenone kgotsa ochratoxin A (kgotsa ka bobedi jwa tsone) mo setlhageng sa bofelo.<ref>https://iol.co.za/business-report/entrepreneurs/2022-09-21-heritage-month-entrepreneur-celebrates-the-art-of-brewing-umqombothi/</ref> Porofense ya Kapa Botlhaba ya Aforika Borwa e na le palo e e kwa godimo thata ya kankere ya kgeleswa ya dijo.[ Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ke South African Medical Research Council di bontsha gore botlhole jo bo mo mmiding wa mmidi wa mo gae bo amana le go ata ga kankere eno.<ref>https://www.medicalbrief.co.za/link-between-traditional-beer-and-oesophageal-cancer-sa-study/</ref> == Mo setsong se se tumileng == Go buiwa ka yone mo pineng e e nang le leina le le tshwanang e e opelwang ke Yvonne Chaka Chaka. Mafoko a pina eno a e bitsa "biri ya Afrika e e gakgamatsang". Pina eno e ne ya utlwala fa go bulwa Hotel Rwanda.<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00022-z</ref> == Bona gape == * Burukutu in West Africa, [[Chad]], and [[Ethiopia]]. * [[Chibuku Shake Shake|Chibuku]] and Munkoyo or 'Ibwatu' in [[Zambia]]. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Umqombothi]] [[Karolo:African Beer]] a5jaobzbwlvzc40v9si3yj7yj5iq28n Taiye Selasi 0 15202 56914 55414 2026-10-24T16:33:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Taiye Selasi|image=Taiye Selasi Author (cropped 2).jpg|caption=Selasi ka ngwaga wa 2014|birth_name=Taiye Selasi|birth_place=London [[United Kingdom]]|education=Yale University (BA) Nuffield College, Oxford (Master of Philosophy)|occupation=Mokwadi wa dibuka|notable works=Ghana Must Go (2013)|movement=bodiragatsi|website=https://x.com/taiyeselasi}} '''Taiye Selasi''' ke mokwadi le motlhami wa difilimi wa ditso tsa Britain le [[USA|Amerika]] o o itsegeng ka buka ya gagwe e e rekisetseng thata le puisano ya gagwe ya TED Talk e e neng ya tsamaya thata mo maranyaneng. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Taye Selasi o tsholetswe kwa London, England a godisediwa kwa Brookline, Massachusetts, ke morwadie Dr. Lade Wosornu, ngaka wa loaro gape e le mmoki wa kwa Ghana, le Dr. Juliette Tuakli, ngaka wa bana wa kwa [[Nigeria]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260317095307/https://gaas-gh.org/2025/04/03/a-master-of-arts-and-science-professor-lade-wosornu-celebrated-at-88/ "A Master of Arts and Science: Professor Ladé Wosornu Celebrated At 88".] ''Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences''. 3 April 2025. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref><ref>[https://mercyships.africa/about-us/dr-juliette-tuakli/ "Dr. Juliette Tuakli".] ''Mercy Ships Africa''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> Selasi o alogile ka maemo a ntlha a summa cum laude le Phi Beta Kappa ka BA ya dithuto tsa America go tswa kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa Yale University, pele ga a aloga ka MPhil ya botsalano jwa mafatshe go tswa kwa sekolong sa University of Oxford.<ref>Selasi, Taiye (23 October 2014)[https://www.economist.com/1843/2014/10/23/the-loving-spoonful . "The loving spoonful".] ''The Economist''.</ref><ref>[https://csaad.nyu.edu/artist-in-residence-february-2020-taiye-selasi/ "Center for the Study of Africa and the African Diaspora - Artist-in-Residence February 2020: Taiye Selasi".] 9 October 2019.</ref> == Tsa pereko == === Mokwadi === Mo bokwading, Selasi o itsege thata ka Firstborn Immigration Daughter, e e gatisitsweng mo pampiring ya The New Yorker ya dipadi tse di itiretsweng ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, le Ghana Must Go, e e gatisitsweng ke Penguin ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro.<ref>Selasi, Taiye (31 May 2026). [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2026/06/08/firstborn-immigrant-daughter-fiction-taiye-selasi "Firstborn Immigrant Daughter".] ''The New Yorker''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, fa a fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Oxford, Selasi o ne a kopana le morutuntshi wa gagwe [[Toni Morrison]] o o filweng tlotla ya Nobel Laureate.<ref>Cohen, Stefanie (28 February 2013). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323384604578328694096820534 "Growing Up With a Panther Mom".] ''The Wall Street Journal''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro Morrison o ne a fa Selasi seelo sa ngwaga. Go se fitlhelela, Selasi o ne a kwala "The Sex Lives of African Girls", e e gatisitsweng ke Granta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso ya tlhophiwa go nna dipadi khutswe tsa [[Aferika|Aforika]] tse di gaisitseng ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi.<ref>Igarashi, Yuka (10 June 2011). [https://www.granta.com/Online-Only/Interview-Taiye-Selasi "Taiye Selasi | Interview".] ''Granta''.</ref> Ngwaga o o latelang, Selasi o ne a nna mo lenaaneng la Granta la gangwefela mo dingwageng di le lesome la bakwadi ba dibuka ba Britain ba ba botlana ba ba gaisang.<ref>Igarashi, Yuka (10 June 2011). "[https://granta.com/interview-taiye-selasi/ Taiye Selasi: Interview".] ''Granta''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone, o ne a tlhophelwa Africa39, e le mongwe wa bakwadi ba Aforika ba le masome a mararo le borobabongwe ba ba dingwaga di kwa tlase ga masome a mane ba ba gaisitseng.<ref>[https://www.hayfestival.com/africa39 "Africa39".] ''Hay Festival''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro mogaka wa dikwalo Ann Godoff, motlhami gape e le mookamedi wa Penguin Press, o ne a gatisa buka ya ntlha ya ga Selasi ya Ghana Must Go. E tlhophilwe e le nngwe ya dibuka tse di lesome tse di gaisang tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro ke The Wall Street Journal le The Economist, buka e e ranoletswe mo ditemeng di feta masome a mabedi.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21573525-debut-particularly-gifted-writer-singular-voice "A singular voice",] ''The Economist'', 16 March 2013.</ref><ref>Sacks, Sam (1 March 2013). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323978104578330071591213806 "An Auspicious How-Do-You-Do".] ''The Wall Street Journal''.</ref><ref>Fischer, Molly (14 June 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100615021628/http://www.observer.com/2010/daily-transom/penguin-press-buys-first-novel-salman-and-tonis-seal-approval "Penguin Press Buys First Novel with Salman and Toni's Seal of Approval"]. ''New York Observer''. Archived from [https://observer.com/lifestyle/ the original] on 15 June 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303932504579256201892384922 "The WSJ Best Fiction of 2013".] ''The Wall Street Journal''. 13 December 2013.</ref><ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21591150-best-writing-2013-covered-among-other-things-american-foreign-policy-israel "Books of the year: Torrents of words"], ''The Economist'', 5 December 2013.</ref> === Sebui === Mo go tsa go kwala le go bua, Selasi o itsege thata ka go tlhama mafoko a mabedi: Afropolitan le multilocal. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano Makasine wa LIP o ne wa gatisa mokwalo wa ga Selasi wa "Bye-Bye, Babar (kgotsa Afropolitan ke eng?)".<ref>Selasi, Taiye (3 March 2005). [https://thelip.robertsharp.co.uk/2005/03/03/bye-bye-barbar/ "Bye-Bye, Babar".] ''The LIP Magazine''.</ref> Motho wa ntlha go gatisa ka setlhgo se, Selasi o ne a baka dipuisano mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka go nna Afropolitan, a tlhagolela tsela baithuti ba tshwana le Simon Gikandi le Achille Mbembe go tlhabolola lefoko go nna kakanyo e e itsegeng lefatshe lotlhe.<ref>Gehrmann, Susanne (11 November 2015). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13696815.2015.1112770?scroll=top&needAccess=true "Cosmopolitanism with African roots. Afropolitanism's ambivalent mobilities".] ''Journal of African Cultural Studies''. '''28''': 61–72. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13696815.2015.1112770 10.1080/13696815.2015.1112770]. [[:en:Semantic_Scholar#S2CID|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fc9dd729c9400ba58c16b6856c8f7393018fc1ba 146791639.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le botlhano, mo puisanong ya gagwe e e neng ya abelanwa thata mo maranyaneng, Selasi o ne a tlhama lefoko 'multi-local' go tlhalosa sekao sa bobedi.<ref>Selasi, Taiye (October 2014). [https://www.ted.com/talks/taiye_selasi_don_t_ask_where_i_m_from_ask_where_i_m_a_local "Don't ask where I'm from, ask where I'm a local".] ''TED''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> E le monni wa New York, Lisbon, Rome le Accra, Selasi o nganga gore batho ba tswa mo maitemogelong eseng mo mafatsheng; le gore maitemogelo a rona a bopiwa ke bo "R ba bararo" (botsalano, tlwaelo le dikganelo) tse di amanang le kwa re nang teng; le gore re phoso go tlotlomatsa selo se se seong (lefatshe) mo maitemogelong.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2018/06/15/619935370/taiye-selasi-how-do-the-places-we-call-home-inform-our-identities "Taiye Selasi: How Do The Places We Call Home Inform Our Identities?".] ''TED Radio Hour''. [[:en:NPR|NPR]]. 15 June 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.ted.com/talks/taiye_selasi_don_t_ask_where_i_m_from_ask_where_i_m_a_local "Don't ask where I'm from, ask where I'm a local"]. ''TED | TEDGlobal 2014''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> === Motlhami === Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi, fa Netflix e dumalana le motshameko motseletsele wa gagwe, Selasi o ne a tlhama Cocoa Content, kompone ya botlhami e e setsweng morago ke mmeeletsi wa bobegadikgang wa ditso tsa France le America Jerome Levy. <ref>White, Peter (11 October 2023). [https://deadline.com/2023/10/lagos-set-drama-victoria-island-taiye-selasi-nicholas-weinstock-1235568005/ "Lagos-Set Drama 'Victoria Island' In The Works From Taiye Selasi, Nicholas Weinstock & Fremantle".] ''Deadline''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref>A kopanetse tiro e le batlhami ba tshwana le Debra Martin Chase, Nicholas Weinstock, le Pauline Fischer, Cocoa Content e tlhama diporojeke kwa Italy, Portugal, Ghana le mafatshe a mangwe.<ref>[https://brittlepaper.com/2019/07/taiye-selasi-announces-new-tv-production-company-that-will-be-the-golden-age-of-television-meets-the-african-silver-screen/ "Taiye Selasi Announces New TV Production Company That Will Be the Golden Age of Television Meets the African Silver Screen".] ''brittlepaper.com''. 15 July 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Leina le Selasi a le filweng le raya lewelana la ntlha mo temeng ya ga mmaagwe ya Yoruba. Lewelana la ga Seladi, Dr. Yetsa Tuakli, ke ngaka e e ipelelwang. E le leloko la ntlha la mo Aforika la komiti ya mafatshefatshe ya batabogi ba ba nang le bogole, Tuakli o phadisantse mo go tloleng mo go leele mo setlhopheng sa lefatshe la Ghana, gompieno o taboga kwa Stanford University.<ref>[https://sportsequitylab.org/ "Sports Equity Lab".] ''Sports Equity Lab''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref><ref>name="Elle magazine profile">Vitzthum, Virginia (15 March 2013)[https://www.elle.com/fashion/personal-style/a13801/taiye-selasi-profile/ "The Fascinator: Taiye Selasi"]. ''ELLE''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> == Dikwalo tsa gagwe == === Dibuka === * Ghana Must Go (ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro)<ref>Cox Westmaas, Juanita (23 April 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200815042358/http://www.thenewblackmagazine.com/view.aspx?index=3107 "Taiye Selasi's 'Ghana Must Go': A Reader's Response".] ''www.thenewblackmagazine.com''. Archived from [https://www.thenewblackmagazine.com/view.aspx?index=3107 the original] on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> === Dibuka tsa bana === * Anansi and the Golden Pot (ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le bobedi) === Dipolelo khutswe === * "The Sex Lives of Africab Girls", e gatisitswe ke GRANTA (ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso)<ref>Whittington, Bella (17 December 2012). "'[https://www.litromagazine.com/literature/the-sex-lives-of-african-girls-by-taiye-selasi/ The Sex Lives of African Girls' by Taiye Selasi"]. ''www.litro.co.uk''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> * "Driver", GRANTA (ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro)<ref>[https://www.medianigeria.com/biography-of-taiye-selasi/ "Biography Of Taiye Selasi".] ''Media Nigeria''. 5 June 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> * "Aliens of Extraordinary Ability", TALE OF TWO CITIES (ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bones)<ref>Freeman, John (8 September 2015). ''Tales of Two Cities: Stories of Inequality in a Divided New York''. Penguin Books. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780143128304|<bdi>9780143128304</bdi>.]]</ref> * "Brunhilda in Love", SEX AND DEATH (ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le motso)<ref>Hall, Sarah; Hobbs, Peter (3 August 2017). ''Sex & Death: Stories''. Faber & Faber. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780571322442|<bdi>9780571322442</bdi>.]]</ref> * Betwixt and Betwin, GRANTA (ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le bobedi)<ref>Selasi, Taiye (17 November 2022). "[https://granta.com/taiye-selasi-betwixt-and-betwin/ Betwixt and Betwin"]. ''Granta''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> * "Firstborn Immigrant Daughter", THE NEW YORKER (ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>Selasi, Taiye (8 June 2026). [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2026/06/08/firstborn-immigrant-daughter-fiction-taiye-selasi "Firstborn Immigrant Daughter".] ''The New Yorker''. Retrieved 23 September 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 8k4dpdorbm4vy6caquzkfup9qgp580t Rocky Dawuni 0 15292 56911 56292 2026-10-24T14:34:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rocky Dawuni''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 9, 2023 |title=Rocky Dawuni music, videos, stats, and photos |url=https://www.last.fm/music/Rocky+Dawuni |access-date=November 7, 2023 |website=Last.fm |language=en}}</ref> ke seopedi sa Ghana, motlhophiwa wa Grammy makgetlo a le manè, <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 23, 2023 |title=as of 2023 Rocky became a three-time Grammy Nominee |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/africans-in-grammy-2023-nominations/ |access-date=March 11, 2023 |publisher=theafricandream.net}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=COOMSON |first=NANA KWESI |date=November 11, 2024 |title=Rocky Dawuni earns 4th Grammy nomination in 67th edition |url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/rocky-dawuni-earns-4th-grammy-nomination-in-67th-edition/ |access-date=November 11, 2024 |website=The Ghanaian Chronicle |language=en-GB}}</ref> mokwadi wa dipina le motlhagisi wa direkoto yo o dirang modumo wa gagwe o o kgethegileng wa 'Afro Roots' o e leng motswako wa mmino wa Reggae, Afrobeats, Highlife le Soul . Gompieno o nna fa gare ga Ghana le Amerika. <ref name="cnn">{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/|title='Ghana's Bob Marley' spreads message of brotherhood|date=August 23, 2011|access-date=March 9, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515191023/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/|archivedate=May 15, 2022}}</ref> Rocky ke seopedi ebile le molweladitshwanelo. {{Infobox person|name=Rocky Dawuni|image=Rocky Damuni (Cropped). jpg|caption=Rocky Dawuni ka 2025|occupation=Seopedi, Molweladitshwanelo}} == Tiro ya mmino == Dawuni o ne a utlwa mmino wa Reggae la ntlha kwa Ghana fa setlhopha sa mmino wa sesole se ne se diragatsa nngwe ya dipina tsa ga Bob Marley kwa Michel Camp; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rocky grew up in Michel Camp, Ghana |url=http://www.katc.com/clip/12388196/festival-international-friday-at-1000 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220085044/http://www.katc.com/clip/12388196/festival-international-friday-at-1000 |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |access-date=April 26, 2016 |publisher=katc.com}}</ref> ntlo ya sesole gaufi le Accra, motsemogolo wa Ghana. <ref name="cnn" /> Dawuni o simolotse moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa " Boipuso ", o o tshwarelwang kwa Ghana ka Letsatsi la Boipuso la Ghana, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola borataro . <ref name="cnn" /> Dawuni o gatisitse dialebamo di le robedi tse di tletseng. Alebamo ya gagwe ya borataro ya setudio e e bidiwang ''Branches of The Same Tree'' e ne ya tlhophiwa go bona Seetsele sa Grammy sa Alebamo e e Gaisang ya Reggae ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015) mo Kabodietseleng ya Grammy ya Ngwaga le Ngwaga ya bo masome a matlhano le borobabobedi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Branches of the Same Tree album |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/branches-of-the-same-tree/963525098 |access-date=December 10, 2015 |publisher=iTunes}}</ref> e e golotsweng ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mararo le bongwe, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015) mme seno sa dira gore e nne motlhophiwa wa ntlha go tswa kwa lefatsheng ya gaabo la Ghana. Koranta ya Songlines e ne ya bitsa alebamo ya ''Branches of Same Tree'' mo dialebamong di le lesome tse di botlhokwa thata tsa mmino wa reggae tsa nako tsotlhe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Roots Reggae Albums {{!}} The Essential 10 |url=https://www.songlines.co.uk/features/essential-10/roots-reggae-albums-the-essential-10 |access-date=June 27, 2022 |website=Songlines |language=en}}</ref> E tlhotlheleditswe ke dipina tse di nang le mowa tsa ga Fela Kuti le Bob Marley, alebamo eno e ne ya supa bokgoni jwa ga Dawuni jwa go fetisetsa melaetsa e e tsosolosang mo ditsebeng tsa didikadike tsa batho. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rocky Dawuni |url=https://www.cumbancha.com/rockydawuni |access-date=June 27, 2022 |website=Cumbancha |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703031557/https://www.cumbancha.com/rockydawuni |archive-date=July 3, 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Beats of Zion'', e leng alebamo ya ngwag wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) ya ga Rocky, e e neng ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong e le masome a mabedi le botlhano <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2019 |title=2019 single release |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-2019-single-beats-of-zion/ |access-date=January 26, 2019 |publisher=TheAfricanDream.net}}</ref> ke alebamo ya gagwe ya bo supa ya setudio e e nang le setlhogo se se tshwanang, mme e na le naledi ya Ghana e e bidiwang [[:en:Stonebwoy|Stonebwoy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2, 2019 |title=2019 album |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-album-ft-stonebwoy-sarkodie-alika-wiyaala/ |access-date=March 3, 2019 |publisher=TheAfricanDream.net}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2019 |title=Beats of Zion |url=https://www.popmatters.com/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-2626635597.html |access-date=January 26, 2019 |publisher=PopMatters}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 6, 2019 |title=Beats of Zion album |url=https://medium.com/@doctorradic/premiere-rocky-dawuni-unveils-wickedest-sound-ft-stonebwoy-d4595c1af29e |access-date=June 22, 2019 |publisher=PopMatters}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2019 |title=Rocky Dawuni Aims to Re-energize the Forces of Love and Hope on "Beats of Zion" (premiere), PopMatters |url=https://www.popmatters.com/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-2626635597.html |access-date=June 28, 2022 |website=PopMatters |language=en-US}}</ref> Bidio ya bofelo ya dialebamo ke "Champion Arise", e e neng ya bidiwa "Top Tune of the Day" mo letshwaong la Radio ya Sechaba la Bosetšhaba la KCRW. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2020 |title=Rocky Dawuni: "Champion Arise" {{!}} Today's Top Tune |url=https://www.kcrw.com/music/shows/todays-top-tune/rocky-dawuni-champion-arise |access-date=March 14, 2026 |website=KCRW |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rocky Dawuni 'Champion Arise' video premiere |url=https://www.music-news.com/news/UK/131690/Read |access-date=June 28, 2022 |website=Music-News.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) Rocky o ne a golola pina e ntšha ya "Modern Man", e e neng ya tlhakanngwa/ tlhabololwa ke Gaudi . Kgololo ya gagwe ya bo robabobedi ya setudio, ''Voice of Bunbon, vol.'' ''1'' e ne ya tlhophiwa ka nako ya Dietsele tsa Grammy tsa Alebamo e e Gaisang Tsotlhe ya Mmino mo Lefatsheng Lotlhe mo Dietseleng tsa Ngwaga le Ngwaga tsa bo masome a marataro le bone tsa Grammy, mme seno sa dira gore Rocky e nne motlhophiwa wa di-Grammy tse dintsi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022). Go ne ga gololwa dibidio di le tharo tsa mmino tsa EP go akaretsa le "Ghost Town", <ref>{{Citation|title=Rocky Dawuni "Ghost Town"|date=November 19, 2020|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIGe4-YjWWQ|language=en|access-date=June 28, 2022}}</ref> e e neng ya kapiwa ke mokapaditshwantsho Casey Bridges (morwa wa modiragatsi Beau Bridges ). Video ya mmino ya "Beautiful People" go tswa mo alebamong e ne ya kapiwa kwa motseng wa gaabo Rocky wa Bunbon ke morulaganyi/ mokwadi wa difilimi wa Ghana, Slingshot. Rocky o ne a golola bidio ya mmino wa "Woara" (e e ranotsweng e le "wena kgotsa ke wena" ka Se-Twi ) ka kgwedi ya Lwetse, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021). E ne e opelwa ka puo ya lefelo leo ya Se-Akan, e leng Se-Twi. ''Woara'' ke pina ya lerato e e nang le mofuta wa go bitsa le go araba go supa bontle le phenyo ya go nna mo leratong. <ref>{{Citation|title=Rocky Dawuni "Woara"|date=September 16, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQbuYWSXzsU|accessdate=June 28, 2022}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Dawuni o ne a bona tlhopho ya gagwe ya boraro ya Grammy, ka jalo ya nna Modiragatsi wa mmino o o Lefatshe Lotlhe ka tiro ya gagwe ya “Neva Bow Down” e e nang le Blvk H3ro. O kile a tlhophiwa gabedi ka ngwaga wa 2015 le wa 2021 . <ref>{{Cite news|date=January 22, 2023|title=Sheila O fetes Grammy nominees, Tobe Nwigwe, Rocky Dawuni|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/sheila-o-fetes-grammy-nominees-tobe-nwigwe-rocky-dawuni/|accessdate=January 31, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Francis-Pitt |first=K'Shema |date=January 30, 2023 |title=Who will win the Grammy for Best Reggae Album? |url=https://www.iriefm.net/who-will-win-the-grammy-for-best-reggae-album/ |access-date=January 31, 2023 |website=IrieFm |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131073718/https://www.iriefm.net/who-will-win-the-grammy-for-best-reggae-album/ |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), o ne a golola pina e ntšha e e bidiwang 'Rise' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Debrah |first=Ameyaw |date=August 30, 2024 |title=ROCKY DAWUNI UNVEILS BRAND NEW SINGLE 'RISE' - AmeyawDebrah.com |url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/rocky-dawuni-unveils-brand-new-single-rise/#google_vignette |access-date=September 1, 2024 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditemogo == Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le lesome le bosupa, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Rocky Dawuni le batho ba bangwe ba le bane ba Ghana ba ne ba neelwa diphasa tsa lefatshe ke Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a Sele ya Ghana, Samuel Okudzeto Ablakwa, go tlotla maiteko a bone a go rotloetsa Ghana le Aforika lefatshe ka bophara. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Effah |first=Evans |date=September 17, 2025 |title=Wode Maya, Anita Erskine among five Ghanaians to receive diplomatic passports for African Unity |url=https://3news.com/news/wode-maya-anita-erskine-among-five-ghanaians-to-receive-diplomatic-passports-for-african-unity |access-date=September 18, 2025 |website=3News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2025 |title=Wode Maya, Rocky Dawumi, Dentaa, two others granted diplomatic passports |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2025/09/wodemaya-rocky-dawumi-dentaa-two-others-granted-diplomatic-passports/ |access-date=September 18, 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bolweladitshwanelo le bopelonomi == Seopedi le molweladitshwanelo yo o itsegeng ka go kgabaganya melelwane magareng ga Aforika, Caribbean le US go tlhama medumo e e kopanyang dikokomana le ditso o dira go rotloetsa kagiso ya lefatshe ka bophara. Dawuni o kopanetse serala le Stevie Wonder, Peter Gabriel, Bono, Jason Mraz, Janelle Monáe le John Legend, gareng ga ba bangwe ba le bantsi . E biditswe nngwe ya dinaledi tse di kwa godimo tsa lefatshe tsa Aforika ke [[:en:CNN|CNN]] . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Rocky featured on CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/index.html|access-date=January 26, 2019}}</ref> Sehikantswe sa ga Dawuni jaaka moemedi wa setso le go kopanya ka katlego mmino le bolweladitshwanelo di dirile gore e nne mmueledi wa ditiro tse di farologaneng tsa lefatshe ka bophara. Ke Moemedi wa United Nations Goodwill <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2018 |title=UN Goodwill Ambassador |url=https://www.unenvironment.org/people/rocky-dawuni |access-date=January 26, 2019 |publisher=unenvironment.org}}</ref> e bile ke Moemedi wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa Mokgatlho wa UN Foundation's Clean Cooking Alliance ga mmogo le modiragatsi Julia Roberts le Moapei José Andrés . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rocky works with Clean Cook Alliance |url=https://cleancookingalliance.org/about/champions/62.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113154307/https://www.cleancookingalliance.org/about/champions/62.html |archive-date=November 13, 2019 |access-date=January 26, 2019 |publisher=cleancookingalliance.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 4, 2013 |title=Rocky Clean Cook Alliance |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-joins-hillary-clinton-and/?preview=true |access-date=January 26, 2019 |publisher=theafricandream.net}}</ref> Rocky o ne a bidiwa Moemedi wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa Letsatsi la Lefatshe Lotlhe la Ngwao ya Aforika le ya Aforika le le amogelwang ke [[UNESCO]], le ka lone a dirisang mmino wa gagwe go phatsimisa lesedi mo dikgannyeng tse di botlhokwa tse di lebaneng le batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe . {| class="wikitable" !Leina la tiragalo ! Seabe ! Ngwaga |- | Moletlo wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Botsweretshi le Tiro ya Diatla wa Adinkra (GEPA) 2024 | Moemedi wa Letshwaokgwebo, Sebui le Modiragatsi | 2024 |- | Khonferense ya Bašwa ba Aforika, Accra, Ghana | Sebui | 2024 |- | Kokoano ya Tikologo ya Ditšhabakopano (UNEA), Nairobi, Kenya | Sebui/Modiragatsi | 2024 |- | COP28 Dubai, UAE | Sebui & Modiragatsi | 2023 |- | Khonferense ya Dipusetso tsa Accra ya 2023 | Modiragatsi | 2023 |- | Tiragalo ya go Dirisa Didirisiwa Gape le go Dirisa Didirisiwa Gape tsa Embasi ya Switzerland, Accra, Ghana 2023 | Sebui | 2023 |- | Tiragalo ya Tlelaemete ya Embasi ya Italy ya IRENA, Accra, Ghana 2023 | Sebui | 2023 |- | Khonferense ya AMCEN, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023 | Sebui | 2023 |- | Letsatsi la Lefatshe Lotlhe la Tikologo, Abidjan, Cote'Ivoire 2023 | Modiragatsi / Mophanele | 2023 |- | Konsarata ya Boditšhabatšhaba e e Kgatlhanong le Bosemorafe, kwa Salvador Bahia, kwa Brazil 2023 | Modiragatsi / Sebui | 2023 |- | Phepafatso ya Lebopo la Letsatsi la Lefatshe, Ghana 2023 | Sebui | 2023 |- | Konsarata ya Boditšhabatšhaba e e Kgatlhanong le Bosemorafe, kwa Costa Rica 2023 | Sebui / Modiragatsi | 2023 |- | Moletlo wa UNEP wa Letsatsi la Lefatshe Lotlhe la Lewatle, Seetebosigo 2022 (ka thekenoloji) | Sebui | 2022 |- | Kokoano ya Tikologo ya Ditšhabakopano, Nairobi, Kenya Mopitlwe 2022 | Sebui / Modiragatsi | 2022 |- | Go thankgololwa ga Folaga ya Batswakwa ya Kgaolo ya Borataro ya Aforika, Accra, Ghana Tlhakole 2022 | Sebui | 2022 |- | Letsatsi la Lefatshe Lotlhe la Setso sa Aforika le sa Baaforika, Accra, Ghana Ferikgong 2022 | Sebui | 2022 |- | COP26, Scotland, UK Diphalane 2021 | Moemedi | 2021 |} == Dipina == {| class="wikitable" !Alebamo ! Ngwaga |- |The Movement | 1996 |- |Crusade | 1998 |- |Awakening | 2001 |- |Book of Changes | 2005 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Book of Changes |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/book-of-changes/110745860 |access-date=April 26, 2016 |publisher=iTunes}}</ref> |- |Hymns for the Rebel Soul | 2010 |- |Branches of the Same Tree | 2015 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Branches of The Same Tree at 58th Grammys |url=http://www.grammy.com/nominees?genre=29 |access-date=April 26, 2016 |publisher=Grammy}}</ref> |- |Beats of Zion | 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2, 2019 |title=7th album |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-album-ft-stonebwoy-sarkodie-alika-wiyaala/ |access-date=March 3, 2019 |publisher=TheAfricanDream.net}}</ref> |- |Voice of Bunbon Vol.1 | 2020 |} == ditshwantsho tsa metshameko == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Director !Ref |- |2010 |''Walk The Talk'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Walk The Talk video |url=https://sonichits.com/video/Rocky_Dawuni/Walk_The_Talk |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=sonichits.com}}</ref> |- |2010 |''African Reggae Fever'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Reggae Fever video |url=https://rastafari.tv/video/rocky-dawuni-african-reggae-fever/ |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=rastafari.tv |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180025/https://rastafari.tv/video/rocky-dawuni-african-reggae-fever/ |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2010 |''Download The Revolution'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Download The Revolution video |url=https://biafranunity.tv/music/download-the-revolution/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124137/https://biafranunity.tv/music/download-the-revolution/ |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=biafranunity.tv}}</ref> |- |2015 |''Nairobi'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite news|title=Music Video Rocky Dawuni - Nairobi|url=http://pulse.com.gh/music-videos/music-video-rocky-dawuni-nairobi-id4095411.html|accessdate=February 16, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828055810/http://pulse.com.gh/music-videos/music-video-rocky-dawuni-nairobi-id4095411.html|archivedate=August 28, 2015}}</ref> |- |2015 |''African Thriller'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2015 |title=African Thriller video |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/new-rocky-dawuni-album-out-march-31-2015/ |access-date=January 26, 2019 |website=TheAfricanDream.net}}</ref> |- |2017 |''Shine a Light'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shine a Light video |url=https://www.axs.com/rocky-dawuni-premieres-joyful-video-for-shine-a-light-113520 |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=www.axs.com}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Beats of Zion'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 22, 2019 |title=Beats of Zion video |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-2019-single-beats-of-zion/ |access-date=January 26, 2019 |website=TheAfricanDream.net}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Elevation'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elevation video |url=https://rockydawuni.com/rocky-dawuni-elevation-video-premiere/ |access-date=May 14, 2020 |website=RockyDawuni.com}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Champion Arise'' |{{N/A}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 14, 2020 |title=Champion Arise video |url=https://www.theafricandream.net/heroes-of-covid-19-new-rocky-dawuni-champion-arise-video-is-positivity/ |access-date=May 14, 2020 |website=TheAfricanDream.net}}</ref> |- |2022 |Neva Bow Down |Slingshot |<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 8, 2022 |title=Rocky Dawuni releases 'Neva Bow Down' video ft Blvk H3ro |url=https://ghanaweekend.com/2022/10/08/rocky-dawuni-releases-neva-bow-down-video-ft-blvk-h3ro/ |access-date=October 11, 2022 |website=Ghana Weekend |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2023 |''Shade Tree'' |[[Ema Ribeiro]] |<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2023 |title=Shade Tree video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXiZXFNT6QM |access-date=September 26, 2024 |website=youtube.com}}</ref> |} == Mmino o o bontshiwang mo dibaesekopong == {| class="wikitable" !Pina ! Setlhogo sa baesekopo ! Mofuta wa Baesekopo |- | Shine a Light <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2017 |title=Fist Fight soundtrack |url=https://www.soundtrackmania.net/fist-fight-soundtrack.html/ |access-date=February 6, 2019 |website=soundtrackmania.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124623/https://www.soundtrackmania.net/fist-fight-soundtrack.html/ |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |Fist Fight | Metlae |} == Mmino o o bontshiwang mo setshwantshong sa motshikinyego == {| class="wikitable" !Motlhala ! Lenaneo la TV ! Seteišene sa TV |- |Wake the Town | ER | NBC |- |Jammin Nation | Weeds |Showtime |- |Jah Be For Us | Weeds (motseletsele wa thelebishene) |Showtime |- | Shashemane | ER | NBC |- |Jah Be For Us | Dexter (motseletsele wa thelebishene) |Showtime |- |Knocking on Heaven's Door | ER | NBC |- |Turn it up |Animal Kingdom | TNT (neteweke ya thelebishene ya Amerika) |- |Burn one |Animal Kingdom | TNT (neteweke ya thelebishene ya Amerika) |} == Mmino o o bontshiwang mo metshamekong ya bidio == {| class="wikitable" !Motlhala ! Metshameko ya EA ! Ngwaga |- |African Thriller |2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil | 2014 |- |Reggae Carnival Style |The Sims 3:Island Paradise | 2013 |- |African Soccer Fever |2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa | 2010 |- |Download the Revolution | ''FIFA 10'' | 2009 |- |The One |The Sims 2: Castaway | 2008 |- |Wake up the Town ft.Shee | ''FIFA 08'' | 2007 |} == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] c5jfc9m1axy884wevsquy47xep1jlj0 Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa 0 15312 56909 55823 2026-10-24T14:07:37Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56909 wikitext text/x-wiki   == '''Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa (SASL)''' == Puo ya Diatla ya [[Aforika Borwa]] (SASL) ke puo ya diatla e e dirisiwang ke batho ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng mo Aforika Borwa. Puso ya Aforika Borwa e ne ya oketsa Yuniti ya Puo ya Bosetšhaba ya Puo ya Diatla ya [[Aforika Borwa]] ka 2001. SASL ga se yone fela puo e e dirisiwang mo [[Aforika Borwa]] mme e ntse e rotloediwa jaaka puo e e tshwanetseng go dirisiwa, le fa batho ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng mo [[Aforika Borwa]] ba sa bope setlhopha se le sengwe.<ref name=":1">https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/learn-south-african-sign-language-and-help-break-barriers</ref> Ka 1995, Lekgotla la Bosetšhaba la Bosusu la Aforika Borwa (SANCD) le ne la fetolwa go nna Lekgotla la Bosusu la Aforika Borwa (DeafSA), e leng se se neng sa dira gore go nne le phetogo e kgolo ya pholisi mo mererong ya Bosusu mo Aforika Borwa, jaaka tlhabololo le go amogelwa ga puo ya diatla e le nngwe le go rotloetsa puo ya diatla go na le go bua ka molomo.<ref>https://vocfm.co.za/ukzn-graduate-develops-ai-tool-to-bridge-communication-gap-for-south-african-sign-language-users/</ref> Lefa go ntse jalo, dikolo tsa batho ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng ga di ise di fetolwe gotlhelele, mme dikolo tse di farologaneng tsa bana ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng mo Aforika Borwa di santse di dirisa mekgwa e e farologaneng ya puo ya diatla. Kwa dikolong di le mmalwa tsa Bosusu, go dirisa puo ya diatla go a kgorelediwa kgotsa ga go rutiwe gotlhelele. Go na le ditsamaiso di le lesome le bobedi tse di farologaneng tsa puo e e buiwang ka diatla mo [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>https://www.algoafm.co.za/domestic/pansalb-calls-for-greater-implementation-of-south-african-sign-language</ref> Mo godimo ga dipuo tsa diatla tsa Aforika Borwa, go na le Puo ya Diatla ya Amerika (ASL) e e dirisiwang ke batho bangwe ba ba Bosusu mo Aforika Borwa. Bontsi jwa dipuo tsa diatla tsa mo Aforika Borwa di tlhotlhelediwa ke Puo ya Diatla ya Amerika.<ref>https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/2026-09-25-deaf-pupils-code-their-own-sign-language-dictionary/</ref> Kwa Afoika Borwa, dikgang tsa thelebishene di dirisa puo ya diatla e e bidiwang SASL. Palamente ya Aforika Borwa le yona e dirisa puo ya diatla, le fa go ntse jalo, ditoloki tsa puo ya diatla tse di farologaneng di itsege ka go dirisa matshwao a a farologaneng mo ditlhogong tse di tshwanang. Go na le dikolo tse di ka nnang 40 tsa Bosusu mo Aforika Borwa, tse bontsi jwa tsone di dirisang mefuta e e farologaneng ya SASL.<ref>https://mg.co.za/thought-leader/2026-09-24-beyond-heritage-day-african-languages-must-carry-our-rights/</ref> Puo ya diatla e umakiwa ka tlhamalalo mo molaotheong wa [[Aforika Borwa]], mme Molao wa Dikolo wa Aforika Borwa o letla gore go ithutiwe puo eno mo boemong jwa puo e nngwe ya semmuso kwa sekolong.<ref>https://iafrica.com/kenyan-startup-builds-robotic-sign-language-interpreter-and-the-african-dataset-to-train-it/</ref> Ka 2011, go ne go na le batoloki ba SASL ba le 84 mo kwadisong ya batoloki ya DeafSA, go akaretsa le ba le 43 ba ba neng ba se na katiso epe, ba le 31 ba ba feditseng diura di le 240 tsa go ithuta ka katiso ya batoloki, le ba le 10 ba ba boneng maitemogelo a tlaleletso a dingwaga di le 3 mme ba fetsa diura tse dingwe gape di le 480 tsa go ithuta. Palogotlhe ya dithanolo di le supa tsa SASL tota di amogetswe ke SATI/DeafSA. Baranodi ba SASL ba ka dira kopo ya go kwadisiwa kwantle ga go fetsa katiso ya semmuso ya SASL.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tvbrics.com/en/news/south-african-graduate-develops-ai-system-to-translate-sign-language-into-speech/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260928023154/https://tvbrics.com/en/news/south-african-graduate-develops-ai-system-to-translate-sign-language-into-speech/ |archive-date=2026-09-28 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maemo == Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa ga e tshwane gotlhelele e bile e ntse e fetoga. Ka ntlha ya go anama ga mafelo a badirisi ba yone le dipholisi tsa thuto tsa nako e e fetileng, go na le diteme tsa puo ya diatla ya Aforika Borwa le matshwao a a nang le mefuta e mentsi. Maiteko a pele a go tlhama didiriswa tsa tshupetso le go dira gore puo e nne e e tshwanang, jaaka dibuka (1980 Go Bua le Bosusu, 1994 Dictionary of SASL), di ka dirisiwa fela jaaka direkoto tsa hisetori ya puo. Ditirelo tsa thelebishene tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa puo ya diatla di dira gore puo ya diatla ya mo Aforika Borwa ya gompieno e utlwane le go nna seoposengwe.<ref>https://www.goodthingsguy.com/two-deaf-learners-building-dictionary-sasl/?wpthms__ajaxify=1</ref> === Go amogelwa semmuso === Puo ya diatla e umakiwa mo melaong e le mene ya Aforika Borwa, e leng Molaotheo, Molao wa Tiriso ya Dipuo tsa Semmuso, Molao wa Dikolo wa Aforika Borwa, le Molao wa Lekgotla la Dipuo Tsotlhe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://news.nwu.ac.za/south-african-sign-language-dissemination-event-promoting-inclusion-digital-spaces</ref> Ka Motsheganong wa 2022, Molaotlhomo wa 18 wa Tlhabololo ya Molaotheo wa go dira gore SASL e nne puo ya semmuso, o ne wa phasaladiwa gore setšhaba se ntshe maikutlo. Ka Motsheganong 2023 molaotlhomo o ne wa boutelwa ke palamente, mme ka 19 Phukwi 2023 o ne wa saenelwa go nna molao.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Go amogelwa ka kakaretso ==== Molaotheo o bolela gore lekgotla le le bidiwang Pan South African Language Board le tshwanetse go tlhomiwa go "tlhagisa, le go dira maemo a, tlhabololo le tiriso ya ... puo ya diatla". Go ya ka molao o o tlhomang Lekgotla la Dipuo la Aforika Borwa (Molao wa 59 wa 1995), lekgotla le ka tlhoma mekgatlho ya puo go le gakolola ka "puo nngwe le nngwe e e rileng, puo ya diatla kgotsa tlhaeletsano e e oketsang le e nngwe".<ref>https://www.bona.co.za/lifestyle/beyond-heritage-month-preserving-south-africas-indigenous-languages-in-the-digital-age/</ref> Go ya ka Molao wa Tiriso ya Dipuo tsa Semmuso, Molao wa Nomoro ya bo 12 wa 2012, mafapha otlhe a puso le ditheo tsa puso di tshwanetse go nna le pholisi ya puo e e tlhalosang gore ke dipuo dife tse di tsewang e le dipuo tsa semmuso tsa setheo seo, mme pholisi ya puo nngwe le nngwe e tshwanetse gape go tlhalosa gore lefapha leo kgotsa setheo seo se ikaelela go buisana jang le batho ba puo ya bone e e tlhophilweng e leng "Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa".<ref>https://www.cput.ac.za/component/rsblog/cput-launches-the-inaugural-sign-language-training?Itemid=101</ref> Go fitlha ka 2023, Puo ya Diatla ya [[Aforika Borwa]] kgotsa puo epe fela ya diatla e ne e se puo ya semmuso ya Aforika Borwa. Ka 2008 Khonferense ya Tiragatso ya Pholisi ya SASL e ne ya kgobokanya badiragatsi ba le bantsi ba botlhokwa go akaretsa bakanoki, babatlisisi le barutabana, batlhami ba dipholisi, babueledi le ditheo tsa puso go rotloetsa Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa go amogelwa jaaka puo ya bolesome le bobedi ya semmuso ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.goodthingsguy.com/making-space-south-african-sign-language/</ref> ==== Go amogelwa ga thuto ==== Go ya ka Molao wa Dikolo wa Aforika Borwa, Molao wa bo84 wa 1996, dikolo tsotlhe di tshwanetse go nna le pholisi ya puo, le gore fa go tlhophiwa dipuo tsa pholisi e e ntseng jalo, "Puo ya Diatla e e Itsegeng" e tshwanetse go sekasekiwa jaaka e kete e na le maemo a puo ya semmuso mmogo le dipuo tse dingwe tse di lesome le bongwe tsa semmuso.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/polokwane-observer/20260910/281539412843577</ref> Go ya ka pholisi ya "Puo mo Thutong" go ya ka karolo ya 3 ((4) ((m) ya Molao wa Pholisi ya Thuto ya Bosetšhaba, Molao wa bo27 wa 1996, maikaelelo a magolo a pholisi ya Lefapha la Thuto ya puo mo thutong a akaretsa "go tshegetsa go ruta le go ithuta dipuo tsotlhe tse di tlhokwang ke baithuti kgotsa tse di dirisiwang ke baagi mo Aforika Borwa, go akaretsa dipuo tse di dirisiwang mo mabakeng a bodumedi, dipuo tse di botlhokwa mo kgwebisanong ya boditšhabatšhaba le tlhaeletsano, le Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa, gammogo le Tlhaeletsano e Nngwe gape le Tlhaeletsano e Nngwe gape".<ref>https://www.bona.co.za/entertainment/castle-milk-stout-expands-south-african-sign-language-by-turning-clan-names-into-living-language/</ref> Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa e amogelwa jaaka nngwe ya dipuo tse di dirisiwang go ruta mo thutong ya baithuti ba ba Bosusu. === Dipalopalo tsa batho === Palo ya batho ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng mo Aforika Borwa (600 000 ya batho ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng le batho ba le dimilione di le 1,4 ba ba sa utlweng mo ditsebeng) ga e bontshe sentle palo ya batho ba ba buisanang ka Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa. Ditlhotlhwa di farologana thata, go tswa go 700 000 go ya go 2 million ya badirisi. Kopo e ne ya dirwa kwa Human Sciences Research Council (Aforika Borwa) go lekanya seno jaaka karolo ya palo ya batho ya 2011. == Dikarolo tsa puo == === Go kwala ka menwana === [[File:SASL-Fingerspelled-Alphabet.png|right|thumb|286x286px|South African Sign Language one-handed manual alphabet for fingerspelling]] Go kwala ka menwana ke mokgwa wa go kwala ka diatla o o dirisiwang go kwala ditlhaka le dinomoro (dinomoro, dinomoro tse dikgolo). Ka jalo, go peleta ka menwana ke mokgwa wa puo ya diatla wa go adima mafoko mo dipuong tse di buiwang, mmogo le go peleta maina a batho, mafelo le dilo. Ke sedirisiwa se se molemo sa go dirisa lefoko le le kwadilweng. Mafoko mangwe a gantsi a kwalwang ka menwana a nna matshwao ka bo one (a nna "a a tsidifaditsweng"), morago ga dithulaganyo tsa go fetoga ga dipuo tse di jaaka go tsenngwa ga ditlhaka le dinomoro le go khutshwafadiwa. Sekai, lengwe la maina a letshwao la Cape Town le dirisa ditlhaka tse di kopantsweng tsa C.T. (go tswa mo popegong ya seatla ya tlhaka ya 'C' go ya go tlhaka ya 'T' ya mabogo ka bobedi ka go dikologa mo selekanyong se se tlhamaletseng). Kgwedi ya Phukwi gantsi e khutshwafadiwa ka "J-L-Y".<ref>https://iol.co.za/saturday-star/news/2025-10-29-new-sign-language-service-at-clearwater-mall-supports-deaf-and-hard-of-hearing-shoppers/</ref> Go kwala mafoko ka menwana ga go ka ke ga emisetsa go dirisa matshwao a a setseng a le teng: go tsaya nako e telele go dirisa matshwao mme go thata go a tlhaloganya. Fa e le gore lefoko le le kwadilweng ka monwana le adimilwe, go kwala ka monwana go ikaegile ka gore a batho ba babedi ba ba dirisang lefoko ba itse puo e e buiwang (Seesimane, Sesotho, Seaforikanse, jalo le jalo). Le fa gone gantsi maina a a rileng (jaaka leina la motho, leina la khampani) a kwalwa ka mokwalo wa menwana, gantsi ke selo sa nakwana go fitlha batho ba ba Bosusu ba dumalana gore leina la Mokwalo wa Diatla le emisediwe ka le lengwe.<ref>https://www.bona.co.za/lifestyle/deaf-awareness-month-5-tips-to-help-you-learn-sasl/</ref> === Maina a letshwao le Maele === Matshwao ke matshwao a a rileng a a amanngwang le maina a a rileng (lefelo, motho, mokgatlho). Gantsi maina a matshwao a tlhophiwa go ikaegile ka sengwe se se tlhomologileng se a nang le sone. Ka sekai: * Leina la letshwao la ga Nelson Mandela le saeniwa ka letsogo la B le le sephaphathi le le latelang mola wa moriri mo tlhogong. * Letshwao la banka ya ABSA le dirwa ka diatla tsoopedi go latela motsamao o o mo letshwaong la khampani ya ABSA. === Phetogo === Aforika Borwa ke nngwe ya dinaga di le mmalwa tse di amogelang puo ya diatla semolao. Go ka nna ga nna le pharologano ya kgaolo, mme batho ba ba dirisang puo ya diatla go ralala naga ba kgona go tlhaloganyana, jaaka go bontshitswe ka sekai kwa Foramong ya Ngwaga le Ngwaga ya Batho ba ba Bosusu. Go dumelwa thata mo bathong ba Afrika Borwa, tota le mo bathong ba ba Bosusu ba [[Aforika Borwa]], gore batho ba ba buang dipuo tse di farologaneng ba na le dipuo tse di farologaneng tsa diatla. Go bonala seno se bakwa ke go bo Bosusu ba sa kgone go tlhaloganya batho ba ba ranolelang mo puong ya diatla ba ba tswang mo ditšhabeng tse dingwe. Lefa go ntse jalo, seno ke ka go bo "bafetoledi" ba ba ntseng jalo tota ga ba dirise puo ya diatla, mme go na le moo ba dirisa Seesemane sa Diatla, Se-Xhosa sa Diatla, jalo le jalo, mme ke fela ba ba rutilweng dikhoute tseno tsa maitirelo ba ba ka di tlhaloganyang. (Bona puo e e kwadilweng ka seatla mo [[Aforika Borwa]].)<ref>https://www.hr-brew.com/stories/2025/12/05/world-of-hr-vodacom-south-africa-brings-sign-language-into-the-workplace</ref> == Hisetori ya thuto ya Bosusu mo Aforika Borwa == * 1863: Irish nuns start ''training programmes'' in sign language * 1874: ''Grimley Institute for the Deaf and Dumb'' established by Bridget Lynne in Cape Town * 1881: ''De La Bat school'' established in Worcester * 1920: Adoption of oralism in Deaf schools * 1934: Separation between ''European'' and ''Non-European'' schools * 1941: First school "for the Black Deaf" established * 1984: Medium of education changed from vernacular (native tongue) to English in ''Department of Education and Training'' schools * 1996: "Sign language" (but not specifically SASL) mentioned in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa as a language to be promoted Go sale gale ka 1863, baitlami ba basadi ba Ba-Ireland ba ne ba nna le seabe mo mananeong a katiso ya Bosusu. Puo ya Diatla ya kwa Ireland, "e kwa tshimologong e neng e tlhotlhelediwa thata ke Puo ya Diatla ya kwa Fora" go bolelwa gore e nnile le tlhotlheletso e kgolo mo dipuong tsa diatla mo lefatsheng, go akaretsa le mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://news.mandela.ac.za/News/Mandela-University-tackles-English-dominance-with</ref> Ka 1874 kwa [[Cape Town]], go ne ga tlhomiwa setheo sa ntlha sa Bosusu se se bidiwang Grimley Institute for Deaf and Dumb ke mosadi mongwe wa Mo-Ireland yo o Bosusu yo o neng a bidiwa Bridget Lynne.<ref>https://novanews.co.za/districtmailhelderberg/life-for-12th-language/</ref> Ka 1881 kwa Worcester, go ne ga tlhomiwa sekolo sa Bosusu sa De La Bat. Go tloga ka 1877, bokgaitsadi ba Dominican ba ne ba simolola go nna gaufi le Durban. Ka 1884, Kgaitsadi Stephanie Hanshuber go tswa kwa Jeremane o ne a simolola mokgwa wa go ruta ka molomo mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://newsday.co.za/south-africa/24805/top-south-african-university-makes-afrikaans-a-tier-2-language/</ref> Ka 1888 go ne ga bulwa semolao "Sekolo sa King William's Town Convent sa go Ruta Bosusu".<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/staff/news/sus-handlab-and-book-dash-open-new-worlds-deaf-children</ref> "E re ka go se na bosupi jo bontsi jwa hisitori, go akanngwa gore Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa e na le tlhotlheletso ya Se-Ireland e e tserweng ke baitlami ba Ba-Dominican ba Ba-Ireland, le tlhotlheletso ya Boritane mmogo le ya Amerika. (Puo ya Diatla ke puo ya tlholego ya Bosusu.) ".<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/node/4806</ref> == Bona gape ==   * Sign language * [[Dipuo tsa semmuso tsa Aforikaborwa|Languages of South Africa]] * Manually coded language in South Africa == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Puo ya Diatla ya Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:SASL]] mixm69u3ohvlnd1e7gnv6obpzgravac Thrumpton Hall (buka) 0 15410 56915 56035 2026-10-24T17:03:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56915 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox book|author=Miranda Seymour|genre=Memoir|pub_date=2007|italic title=Thrumpton Hall (buka)}} '''''Thrumpton Hall:''''' A Memoir of Life in My Father’s House ke tiro e e gatisitsweng ka 2007 ke Miranda Seymour. Buka eno e tlhalosa, go tswa mo ponong ya morwadia o o ikgantshitseng, botshelo le dinako tsa ga George FitzRoy Seymour (1923–1994) yo o sa itsiweng thata, mong wa lefatshe la selegae la Engelane le le neng le ntse le fokotsega (Thrumpton Hall) kwa Nottinghamshire, le monna le rre yo o ikgathologelang yo o nang le maikutlo a bonatla jwa borena (o amana kgakala le mongwe wa bana ba le bantsi ba ba sa nyalwang ba ga Charles II). Buka eno ke kgopotso thata, e e tlhalosiwang ka botlhale, mme le fa go ntse jalo e na le mooko wa go sa kgotsofatseng ga morwadia o o ka nnang wa kgoreletsa, jaaka mokwadi a itse, boammaaruri le go se nne le seabe se se solofetsweng. Gape e senola dintlha tsa botshelo tse mokwadi a di ithutang fela ka go bala di-diary tsa rragwe le go batlisisa Histori ya lelapa la gagwe ka makwalo le metswedi e mengwe ya diakhaeporo. Kwa Engelane, buka eno e phatlaladitswe ka leina la In My Father's House mme ya rewa tlhaloso ya bofelo Elegy for an Obsessive Love, e leng kgolagano le boikgapo jwa ga George Seymour jwa botshelo jotlhe ka ntlo e kgolo (e e simologileng ka lekgolo la bolesome la dingwaga) e a kgonneng go e rua ka maano a gagwe, le fa e le gore e ne e se morwa mong wa pele, Charles Byron (setlogolo sa ga Lord Byron le rangwane ka lenyalo wa ga George). Le fa go ntse jalo, buka eno ga se mokolobetsa ka tsela epe fela, mme tlhathobo e e tswelelang pele ya go tlhajoa ke maikutlo ga ga George ka ntlo eno ke karolo nngwe fela ya dilo tse di tshwenyang mokwadi. Karolo ''e nngwe'' ya mokgwa wa ga Seymour e akaretsa go botsolotsa rre yo o tlhoilweng dipotso le go tlhalosa ka botlalo ditshwetso le ditiro tsa gagwe tse di kotsi, jaaka go ne go lejwa dingwaga di feta lesome morago ga leso lwa gagwe. Botho jwa gagwe, jwa motho yo o "ikgantshang", yo o ipolelang e le mofsa yo o tlhabiwang ke ditlhong ke batsadi ba gagwe, le rre/monna yo o laolang ka bonolo yo o batlang ka tlhomamo boemo jwa loago jo a sa kgoneng go bo fitlhelela, boantswe ka puo ya Sekgoa e e monate. Dingwe tsa ditswaambe tsa ga George ke go se nne le ditsala botshelo jotlhe, go ikanyega thata mo go kwaleng makwalo, go tsepamisa mogopolo thata mo ditsong tsa loago le bohloki jwa motho, go sitlwa go lemoga ditlhlhokego tsa maloko a mangwe a lelapa, le mokgwa wa go godisa boemo jwa gagwe mo botshelong. Le fa go ntse jalo, bothata jo bogolo jwa ga Master George ke gore, moragonyana mo botshelong jwa gagwe, o tlogela bontsi jwa ditiro tsa gagwe tsa lelapa, re sa re sepe ka ponalo yotlhe ya maemo a a kwa godimo, fa a simolola go apara diaparo tsa letalo le go tsamayatsaea ditsela tsa selegae (gantsi bosigo) ka baesekele ya motoro. Mo tirong eno, o dira ditsala, kgotsa go na le moo o ratana le "mosimane" wa se-legae a le mongwe kgotsa ba babedi, bogolo jang motho yo o bidiwang Robbie, yo George a mmitsang Tigger go ya ka mantswe a ga Winnie-the-Pooh (a ntshetsa pele karolo ya gagwe ya ga Christopher Robin). Ga go na yo mongwe yo o tšeang seno e le se se monate, segolobogolo fa Robbie a simolola go nna mo maemong a ba bangwe ba ba solofetseng go rua thoto ya lelapa. Le fa karolo eno ya polelo e neela drama nngwe, ga go na tlhaelo ya drama ya batho le dikgotlhang, ya bokoa jwa motho le boikgantsho, kwa felong gongwe mo bukaneng eno. Mo nakong yotlhe eno, lentswe la mmaagwe mokwadi le neela kganyetso e nnye mo ponong le megopolo ya ga Miranda Seymour ka boyena. Seymour o ne a amogela Maseka a PEN/Ackerley bakeng sa kgopotso ya gagwe ka 2008. == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [http://www.mirandaseymour.com/ Official homepage] * [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bookshow/stories/2007/1884759.htm] Transcript of interview with [[:en:Ramona_Koval|Ramona Koval]], [[:en:The_Book_Show|The Book Show]], [[:en:ABC_Radio_National|ABC Radio National]] 1 April 2007 * [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/21790 'The Knife by the Handle at Last'] [[:en:Tim_Parks|Tim Parks]] review of ''Thrumpton Hall: A Memoir of Life in My Father's House'' from ''[[:en:The_New_York_Review_of_Books|The New York Review of Books]]'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080511225203/http://www.englishpen.org/prizes/ackerleyprize/] PEN/Ackerley Prize citation. 8p36hjdddkimpqt6aissfs20jweou83 Stephen Kafoury 0 15633 56913 56677 2026-10-24T16:23:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephen Kafoury''' ( o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le mane ka ngwaga wa 1941 ) ke radipolotiki wa Moamerika kwa nageng ya Oregon kwa Amerika . O ne a direla kwa Ntlong ya Baemedi ba Oregon le kwa Senateng ya Naga . <ref name="legalspan">{{Cite web |title=Stephen Kafoury |url=http://www.legalspan.com/catalog2/faculty.asp?UserID=20110920211117120159%20%20%20%20%20%20&OwnerColor=%23113559&recID=20111026-272095-102543 |access-date=2015-03-14 |publisher=legalspan.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095220/http://www.legalspan.com/catalog2/faculty.asp?UserID=20110920211117120159%20%20%20%20%20%20&OwnerColor=%23113559&recID=20111026-272095-102543 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ke mmueledi, a tsene Sekolo sa Molao sa Lewis & Clark, Whitman College, le Reed College . <ref name="google">{{Cite book |last=Theis, P.A. |date=1991 |title=Who's Who in American Politics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rrxmAAAAMAAJ |last2=Henshaw, E.L. |publisher=Bowker |isbn=9780835230124 |volume=2 |issn=0000-0205 |access-date=2015-03-14}}</ref> g5p7q04fwkm6bvk08loayf0t6m53vb7 Russell Mwafulirwa 0 15634 56912 56681 2026-10-24T14:55:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}'''Russell Mwafulirwa''' ( yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1983 kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone, kwa Zomba) ke motshameki wa pele wa kgwele ya dinao kwa Malawi yo o neng a tshamekela ditlhopha tsa Ajax Cape Town le IFK Norrköping. Ka ngwaga wa 2020 o ne a ya kwa Sweden go ya go dira dithuto tsa bokatisi jwa kgwele ya dinao. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2020 |title=Russell Mwafulirwa learning coaching ropes in Sweden - the Times Group Malawi |url=https://times.mw/russell-mwafulirwa-learning-coaching-ropes-in-sweden/ |access-date=14 October 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331164038/https://times.mw/russell-mwafulirwa-learning-coaching-ropes-in-sweden/ |archive-date=31 March 2023 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe ya kgwele ya dinao == Mwafulirwa o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya kgwele ya dinao kwa setlhopheng sa Silver Strikers kwa [[Malawi]] . Ka ngwaga wa 2002, o ne a saena tumalano ya go tshamekela setlhopha sa Jomo Cosmos, se se neng se tshameka mo kgaisanong ya maemo a a kwa godimo ya kgwele ya dinao kwa [[Aforika Borwa]], e e bidiwang Premier Soccer League. Morago ga go fetsa dingwaga di ka nna nne kwa Jomo Cosmos, o ne a ikopanya le setlhopha sa Ajax Cape Town ka Hirikgong ngwaga wa 2006. Ka Seetebosigo mo ngwageng wa 2008, o ne a fudugela kwa setlhopheng sa Sweden sa IFK Norrköping .  == Tiro ya gagwe mo setlhopheng sa Bosetšhaba == E ne e le mongwe wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Malawi se se neng sa tsaya karolo mo kgaisanong ya 2010 Africa Cup of Nations.Mo metshamekong ya setlhopha mo kgaisanong eo, o ne a nosa nno di le pedi, nngwe kgatlhanong le [[Algeria]] mme e nngwe kgatlhanong le [[Mali]]. .  == Ditshupiso == pxd1s4x1meqqfwukxiivq500cecfj0g Paymaster Dennison 0 15643 56907 56797 2026-10-24T13:28:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[:en:Paymaster_Dennison|William Dennison]]''', yo o neng a itsege ka leina la metshamekwane e leng '''" Paymaster "''' mme gape a itsege ka leina la '''Willie Dennyson''',<ref>[https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A464904299/STND?u=tplmain&sid=STND&xid=6cc2b1d6 "Zebras 50-year transformation"]. Botswana Daily News. [[:en:Gaborone|Gaborone]]: Knowledge Bylanes. 17 September 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2026. "On the score-sheet were legendries in Township Rollers captain, Clement 'Muller' Mothelesi, Morwalela 'Pro' Seema, also from Rollers, and Willie 'Paymaster' Dennison from Notwane"</ref> ( ka kgwedi ya  Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a matlhano le bone (1954)  – pele ga ngwaga wa diketete tse pedi le bosupa (2007 ) e ne e le [[:en:Association_football|motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao]] wa [[:en:Botswana|Motswana]] le [[:en:Coach_(sport)#Association_football|motsamaisi]] yo o neng a tshameka jaaka [[:en:Midfielder|motshamekagare wa moja]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260801023458/https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-all-time-botswana-mens-dream-team-27-1270 "IFFHS ALL TIME BOTSWANA MEN'S DREAM TEAM - 27"]. IFFHS. 11 August 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2026.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == William "Paymaster" Dennison o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a matlhano le bone (1954) kwa [[:en:Mahalapye|Kgaolong ya Mahalapye]], [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland]] (jaanong e le Botswana ) mme ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa [[:en:Gaborone|Gaborone]] moragonyana ga foo. O weditse dithuto tsa gagwe fa gare ga ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a matlhano le borobabobedi (1958) le sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bongwe(1971) kwa sekoleng se sebotlana sa Thornhill le se segolwane sa Gaborone.<ref>"[https://www.sundaystandard.info/paymaster-dennison-botswanas-biggest-soccer-legend-ever-is-missing-to-the-world/ Paymaster Dennison – Botswana's biggest soccer legend ever is "missing to the world"]. Sunday Standard. 6 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2026.</ref> == Setlhopha se ne a le mo go sone == O tseneletse setlhopha sa [[Real Swingers]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960 mme morago a fudusediwa kwa setlhopheng sa [[Mahalapye Queens Park Rangers]] .<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/paymaster-dennison-botswanas-biggest-soccer-legend-ever-is-missing-to-the-world/ "Paymaster Dennison – Botswana's biggest soccer legend ever is "missing to the world"]. Sunday Standard. 6 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2026.</ref> Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le borobarobedi ka ngwaga wa 1972, o ne a tsena mo setlhopheng sa [[:en:Notwane_F.C.|Notwane]] mme kwa bofelong a nna [[:en:Captain_(association_football)|mokapotene wa setlhopha]] . O fentse dikgaisano tse pedi tsa [[:en:Botswana_Premier_League|Liki e Kgolo ya Botswana]] ya ngwaga wa 1978 le go nna mofenyi wa makgaolakgang mo [[:en:Botswana_FA_Challenge_Cup|Sejaneng sa]] [[:en:Botswana_FA_Challenge_Cup|kgwetlho sa Botswana]] sa ngwaga wa 1978.<ref>"[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/botschamp.html Botswana - List of Champions]". RSSSF.</ref><ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/botscuphist.html "Botswana Cup Winners"]. RSSSF.</ref> Morago ga moo o ne a emela Notwane mo [[:en:1979_African_Cup_Winners'_Cup|Sejaneng sa]] [[:en:1979_African_Cup_Winners'_Cup|bafenyi ba sejana sa Aforika sa ngwaga wa 1979]] kwa setlhopha se neng sa latlhegelwa ke dino di lekana (6–6) ka palogotlhe mo tikologong ya ntlha ka ntlha ya [[:en:Away_goals_rule|molao wa go nosa dino kwa ntle kgatlhanong]] le [[:en:Maseru_Brothers_FC|Maseru United]] go tswa kwa [[:en:Lesotho|Lesotho]].<ref>[https://www.cafonline.com/modules/archives/confederation_cup/years/1979.htm Results available on CAF Official Website]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga e le wa 1983, Notwane e ne e le mo maemong a botlhano mo Liking e Kgolo ya Botswana<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/bots83.html "Botswana 1983"]. RSSSF.</ref> mme Dennison o ne a tlogela setlhopha seno moragonyana fela ga foo. Ka ngwaga wa 1983 o ne a tlhama setlhopha sa gagwe sa Paymaster Spurs ; o ne a rola tiro mo kgweleng ya dinao kwa Paymaster Spurs.<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/paymaster-dennison-botswanas-biggest-soccer-legend-ever-is-missing-to-the-world/ "Paymaster Dennison – Botswana's biggest soccer legend ever is "missing to the world""]. Sunday Standard. 6 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2026.</ref> == Tiro ya boditšhabatšhaba == Dennison o ne a emela Botswana magareng ga ngwaga wa 1972 le 1976, mme e ne e le mokapotene wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 1972.<ref>[https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A464904299/STND?u=tplmain&sid=STND&xid=6cc2b1d6 "Zebras 50-year transformation"]. Botswana Daily News. [[:en:Gaborone|Gaborone]]: Knowledge Bylanes. 17 September 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2026. "On the score-sheet were legendries in Township Rollers captain, Clement 'Muller' Mothelesi, Morwalela 'Pro' Seema, also from Rollers, and Willie 'Paymaster' Dennison from Notwane"</ref> O nositse dino ka nako ya phenyo ya nno tse nne go boraro kgatlhanong le Swaziland ka kgedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 1974, mme o ne a tshameka mo metshamekong e mebedi ya ntlha ya semmuso morago ga gore Botswana e nne leloko la CAF mo nne ya nna le ditatlhegelo tsa dino di supa go bongwe (7–1) le dino di le tharo go lefela (3–0) kgatlhanong le Malawi ka kgwedi ya lwetsi e tlhola malatsi a lesome le boraro le boraro13 le 17 Lwetse 1976 == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Matsalo a 1954]] [[Karolo:Batshameki ba kgwele ya dinao ba borre mo Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batshemeki ba setlhopha sa Notwane]] gz3j26mtdxflge71930m21rcawv0yyz