Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.1 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Isaac Makwala 0 8267 56974 49081 2026-11-02T05:42:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson|name=Isaac Makwala|image=Resisprint 2015.jpg|caption=Makwala in 2015|nationality=[[Botswana]]|birth_place=[[Tutume]], [[Botswana]]{{flagicon|Botswana}}|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1985|9|24}}|height=1.85 m|weight=78 kg|sport=Athletics|country=[[Botswana]]|event=[[200 metres]], [[400 metres]]|club=Francistown Athletics Club|medaltemplates={{Medal|Gold|[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games|2015 Brazzaville]]|[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games – Men's 400 metres|400 m]]}} {{Medal|Silver|[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games|2015 Brazzaville]]|[[Athletics at the 2015 African Games – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|4x400 m relay]]}} {{MedalCountry |[[File:Africa (orthographic projection).svg|20px]] [[Confederation of African Athletics|Africa]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[IAAF Continental Cup|Continental Cup]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2014 IAAF Continental Cup|2014 Marrakech]]|400m}} {{MedalGold|[[2014 IAAF Continental Cup|2014 Marrakech]]|4×400m relay}}}} '''Isaac Makwala''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bone ka 1985<ref name=":0">[https://www.birmingham2022.com/athletes/isaac-makwala/www.birmingham2022.com/athletes/isaac-makwala/45f52616-9872-40f8-8f57-f203d469a246 "Home of the Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games"]. ''Commonwealth Games - Birmingham 2022''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref>) ke motabogi wa mabelo a makhutswane wa pele wa Botswana, yo o neng a tlwaelesegileng ka lebelo la 400metres.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/botswana/isaac-makwala-14176330 "Isaac MAKWALA | Profile | World Athletics"]. ''worldathletics.org''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Tiro == Makwala e ne e le mofenyi wa seetsele sa gauta<ref>Editors, ATAF (10 April 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20251104072145/https://www.athletics.africa/news/africa/botswana/commonwealth-games-makwala-achieves-golden-promise-with-400m-title-13810 "Commonwealth Games: Makwala achieves golden promise with 400m title – Athletics Africa"]. Retrieved 17 October 2025. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)</ref> kwa [[Dikgaisano tsa Commonwealth 2018|dikgaisanong tsa Commonwealth 2018]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251104072144/https://www.makingofchamps.com/2018/04/10/makwala-wins-elusive-400m-gold-medal-at-commonwealth-games/ "Makwala wins elusive 400m GOLD medal at Commonwealth Games | MAKING OF CHAMPIONS"]. 10 April 2018. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> O fentse dikgaisano di le mmalwa di tshwana le [[2015 African Games]]<ref>Omogbeja, Yomi (16 September 2015). [https://www.athletics.africa/news/africa/wanjiru-breaks-games-record-makwala-and-amusan-shine-on-day-3-brazzaville-2015-10512 "Wanjiru breaks Games record, Makwala and Amusan shine on Day 3 –… – Athletics Africa"]. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> le [[African Championships in Athletics]], tse a di fentseng gabedi (2012, 2014). Isaac Makwala o emetse lefatshe la Botswana makgetho a le mmalwa e leng ka [[2016 kwa dikgaisanong tsa Summer Olympics]], gararo kwa dikgaisanong tsa [[Commonwealth Games]], le gatlhano kwa go tsa [[World Championships in Athletics]] (2007, 2009, 2013, 2015, 2017). O tsere karolo gape fa setlhopha sa borre sa Botswana sa [[lebelo la neelano la 4 x 400 m]] se fenya seetsele sa bronze kwa [[Tokyo 2020 Olympics]],<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/tokyo-olympic-games-men-4x400m-report "Tokyo Olympics end on a high for US men with victory in 4x400m | REPORT | World Athletics"]. ''worldathletics.org''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> le seetsele sa selefera kwa [[2017 IAAF World relays]]<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-relays/iaafbtc-world-relays-bahamas-2017-7105078/results/men/4x400-metres-relay/final/result "FINAL | 4x400 Metres Relay | Results | Nassau (T. Robinson Stadium) 2017 | World Athletics Relays"]. ''worldathletics.org''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> le dietsele kwa dikgaisanong tsa African Games and Championships. Nako ya gagwe e e gaisang, ya 43.72,<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/botswana/isaac-makwala-14176330 "Isaac MAKWALA | Profile | World Athletics"]. ''worldathletics.org''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> o ne a e gatisa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi matlhano ka ngwaga wa 2015 kwa [[Chaux-de-Fonds.]] Nako e gape, e ne e mo fa maemo a [[rekote ya kontinente ya Aforika]] e bile e mmaya mo maemong a lesome le boraro mo lenaaneng la batabogi ba ba bofefo ba nako yotlhe. Isaac Makwala o gaisana gape mo lebelong la [[200m]].<ref name=":1">[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-challenge/news/meeting-madrid-2017-isaac-makwala "Makwala achieves historic 200m-400m double in Madrid | REPORTS | World Athletics"]. ''worldathletics.org''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> E rile ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka 2017, Isaac Makwala ya nna ene rre wa ntlha mo ditsong go taboga lebelo la 200m metsotswana e le masome a mabedi le lebelo la 400m metsotswana e le masome a mane le bone mo letsatsing le lengwe fela, mabelo a tsenwa ke nako ya selekanyo sa oura tse pedi le metsotso e masome a mabedi fa gare kwa [[Atletismo Madrid]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170808223614/http://resultados.rfea.es/2017/resultados/airelibre/al_madrid.pdf "Centro Deportive Municipal Moratalaz"] [Moratalaz Municipal Sports Center] (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from [http://resultados.rfea.es/2017/resultados/airelibre/al_madrid.pdf the original] (PDF) on 8 August 2017</ref><ref name=":1" /> O ne a taboga selekanyo sa 19.77s mo lebelong la 200m, mme mo go la 400m a taboga selekanyo sa 43.92s. [[Setshwantsho:Isaac Makwala London 2017.jpg|thumb|Isaac Makwala ]]O ne a ya kwa makgaolakgannyeng a 400m kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe tsa 2017, pele ga a gogelwa morago mo lebelong, ka ntlha ya bolwetse.<ref>Dutch, Taylor (8 August 2017). [https://www.flotrack.org/articles/5967450-isaac-makwala-withdrawn-from-400m-final-at-world-championships "Isaac Makwala Withdrawn From 400m Final At World Championships"]. ''FloTrack''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201124170656/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/world-athletics-championships-2017-isaac-makwala-barred-from-400m-as-he-needed-to-be-quarantined-say-iaaf-3909393.html "World Athletics Championships 2017: Isaac Makwala barred from 400m as he needed to be quarantined, say IAAF - Sports News , Firstpost"]. ''Firstpost''. 9 August 2017. Archived from [https://www.firstpost.com/sports/world-athletics-championships-2017-isaac-makwala-barred-from-400m-as-he-needed-to-be-quarantined-say-iaaf-3909393.html the original] on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> Morago ga moo o ne a fetela kwa makgaolakgannyeng a 200 m morago ga go taboga a le esi mo tekong ya nako ya sekamakgaolakgang a 200m e a neng a e thibetswe pelenyana,<ref name=":2">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/62128716 "Isaac Makwala has 'unfinished business' at World Athletics Championships"]. ''BBC Sport''. 12 July 2022. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>Prevor, Harry (9 August 2017). [https://www.flotrack.org/articles/5967507-isaac-makwala-is-freed-runs-202-solo-qualifies-for-200m-worlds-semifinal "Isaac Makwala Is Freed: Runs 20.2 Solo, Qualifies For 200m Worlds Semifinal"]. ''FloTrack''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> a nna mo maemong a borataro ka kakaretso mo makgaolakgannyeng.<ref name=":2" /> "Go taboga a le nosi" mo go ne ga tlhotlheletsa setlhogo sa buka ya ka ga gagwe e e kwadilweng ke Ngaka [[Tshepang Tshube]] e e bidiwang ''[[The Solo Runner: The Untold Story of Isaac Makwala]]'' e e gatisitsweng ka 2021.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220320160053/https://www.amazon.com/Solo-Runner-Untold-Story-Makwala/dp/999686247X "The Solo Runner: The Untold Story of Isaac Makwala: Tshube, Tshepang: 9789996862472: Amazon.com: Books"]. ''www.amazon.com''. Archived from [https://www.amazon.com/Solo-Runner-Untold-Story-Makwala/dp/999686247X the original] on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.ub.bw/news/makwala-presents-his-book-titled-solo-runner-and-cover-ub-management "Makwala presents his book titled The Solo Runner, and cover to UB Management | University of Botswana"]. ''www.ub.bw''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> Isaac Makwala o ne a iteka lesego mo kgaisanyong ya [[2020 Summer Olympics]] ka lebelo la 400m kwa a neng a fetsa mo maemong a bosupa kwa legatong la makgaolakgang.<ref>Kolantsho, Calistus (5 August 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/makwala-misses-out-on-maiden-olympic-medal/news "Makwala misses out on maiden Olympic medal"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 17 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Rekote ya dikgaisano tse dikgolo == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+A emetse Botswana !Ngwaga !Kgaisano !Lefelo !Maemo !Lebelo !Dinopolo |- | rowspan="3" |2007 | rowspan="2" |[[All-Africa Games]] | rowspan="2" |[[Algiers]], Algeria |17th (sf) |400 m |47.02 |- |1st |4 × 400 m relay |3:03.16 |- |[[World Championships]] |[[Osaka]], Japan |14th (h) |4 × 400 m relay |3:05.96 |- | rowspan="2" |2008 | rowspan="2" |[[African Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopia |2nd |400 m |45.64 |- |4th |4 × 400 m relay |3:06.54 |- |2009 |[[World Championships]] |[[Berlin]], Germany |34th (h) |400 m |46.45 |- | rowspan="5" |2010 |[[World Indoor Championships]] |[[Doha]], Qatar |– (h) |4 × 400 m relay |DQ |- | rowspan="2" |[[African Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Nairobi]], Kenya |14th (sf) |400 m |46.92 |- |2nd |4 × 400 m relay |3:05.16 |- | rowspan="2" |[[Commonwealth Games]] | rowspan="2" |[[Melbourne]], Australia |20th (sf) |400 m |47.07 |- |5th |4 × 400 m relay |3:04.65 |- |2011 |[[All-Africa Games]] |[[Maputo]], Mozambique |7th |400 m |46.78 |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |[[World Indoor Championships]] |[[Istanbul]], Turkey |5th (h) |4 × 400 m relay |3:13.21 (NR) |- | rowspan="2" |[[African Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Porto Novo]], Benin |1st |400 m |45.25 |- |– |4 × 400 m relay |DQ |- | rowspan="2" |2013 | rowspan="2" |[[World Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Moscow]], Russia |28th (h) |200 m |20.84 |- |22nd (h) |4 × 400 m relay |3:05.74 |- | rowspan="4" |2014 |[[Commonwealth Games]] |[[Glasgow]], United Kingdom |9th (sf) |400 m |45.57 |- | rowspan="3" |[[African Championships]] | rowspan="3" |[[Marrakech]], Morocco |2nd |200 m |20.51 |- |1st |400 m |44.23 |- |1st |4 × 400 m relay |3:01.89 |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[World Relays]] |[[Nassau, Bahamas]] |8th |4 × 400 m relay |3:03.73 |- | rowspan="2" |[[World Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Beijing]], China |5th |400 m |44.63 |- |9th (h) |4 × 400 m relay |2:59.95 |- | rowspan="2" |[[African Games]] | rowspan="2" |[[Brazzaville]], Republic of the Congo |1st |400 m |44.35 |- |2nd |4 × 400 m relay |3:00.95 |- | rowspan="3" |2016 |[[African Championships]] |[[Durban]], South Africa |4th |400 m |46.58 |- | rowspan="2" |[[Olympic Games]] | rowspan="2" |[[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil |22nd (sf) |400 m |46.60 |- |5th |4 × 400 m relay |2:59.06 |- | rowspan="3" |2017 |[[World Relays]] |[[Nassau, Bahamas]] |2nd |4 × 400 m relay |3:02.28 |- | rowspan="2" |[[World Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Lontone|London]], United Kingdom |6th |200 m |20.44 |- |4th (sf) |400 m |44.30<sup>1</sup> |- | rowspan="2" |2018 | rowspan="2" |[[Commonwealth Games]] | rowspan="2" |[[Gold Coast]], Australia |1st |400 m |44.35 |- |1st |4 × 400 m relay |3:01.78 |- |2019 |[[African Games]] |[[Rabat, Morocco]] |8th (sf) |400 m |46.55 |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |[[World Relays]] |[[Chorzów, Poland]] |3rd |4 × 400 m relay |3:04.77 |- | rowspan="2" |[[Olympic Games]] | rowspan="2" |[[Tokyo|Tokyo, Japan]] |7th |400 m |44.94 |- |3rd |4 × 400 m relay |2:57.27 |- | rowspan="2" |2022 | rowspan="2" |[[World Championships]] | rowspan="2" |[[Eugene, United States]] |21st (sf) |400 m |46.04 |- |6th |4 × 400 m relay |3:00.14 |} <sup>1</sup>Ga a a simolola makgaolakgang === Dinako tse di gaisang === * 200 metres - 19.77 secs, Madrid, Spain, Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2017 * 400 metres - 43.72 secs (#2 African all time), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, Phukwi malatsi a matlhano ka 2015. === Direkote tsa mabelo === Go ema ka Lwetse a le lesome le borataro 2024, Makwala o na le direkoto tse di latelang tsa dimitara di le 200 le dimitara di le 400. ==== 200 metres ==== {| class="wikitable" !Lefelo !Nako !Phefo m/s !Letsatsi |- |[[Madrid]] |19.77 |0.0 |14/07/2017 |} ==== 400 metres ==== {| class="wikitable" !Lefelo !Nako !Letsatsi |- |[[Brazzaville]] |44.35 |15/09/2015 |- |[[Gold CoastQueensland|Gold Coast]] [[Gold CoastQueensland|Queensland]] |44.35 |10/04/2018 |- |[[La Chaux-de-Fonds]] |43.72 NR |05/07/2015 |- |[[Marrakesh]] |44.23 |12/08/2014 |} ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} ==Tsa kwa ntle== [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] npmoxj00ey7wef8gylaim77qcupa0s9 Go fetoga ga seemo sa loapi mo Botswana 0 8772 56972 46786 2026-11-02T04:50:40Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56972 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Palm trees at Khwai, Botswana in summer 01.jpg|left|thumb|280x280px|'''Palm trees at Khwai, Botswana in summer.''']] '''Phêtogô ya seêmô sa loapi mo Botswana''' ke [[Climate and Development Knowledge Network|ka fa seêmo sa loapi se fetogang ka teng]] mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le tsibogelo seêmô, tshireletso ga mmôgô le metlhale ye e kgethilweng ke lefatshe. Go solofetswe gore e tla dira gore komelelo e nne maatla le go feta le gore go nne le komelelo e ntsi thata ka gonne dipaka tsa dipula di khutshwafetse e bile malatsi a pula a fokotsegile. Ka ntlha ya go fetofetoga ga tlelaemete le maemo a bosa, ka dinako tse dingwe naga eno e ka nna ya nna le dipula tse di maatla tse di senyang..<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230722093432/http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/138/Info_briefs/Botswana%20Information%20Brief.pdf Understanding vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid areas in Botswana], May (2015), https://web.archive.org/web/20260606020744/http://www.assaradapt.org/, retrieved 30/04/2023</ref> == Tlelaemete ya Botswana == [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger_Map_BWA_present.svg|thumb|Tlelaemete ya Botswana Mafelo a a kgaoganeng]] ''Kgatiso-Kgolo: [[:en:Geography_of_Botswana|Tlholego ya Tikologo ya Botswana]]'' Tlelaemete ya Botswana e omeletse go ya go e e omeletseng go sekae ka mariga a a bothitho le selemo se se mogote mme dipula ga di bonwe pele. Dipula di na thata go tloga ka Diphalane go fitlha ka Moranang.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web|title=Climate|url=https://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/climate|access-date=24 March 2023|website=Botswana Tourism}}</ref> Paka ya mariga e omeletse e bile e na le letsatsi, e bonolo motshegare mme e tsididi bosigo, bogolo jang kwa bogareng le kwa borwa jwa naga. Seno gantsi se diragala mo dikgweding tsa May go ya go August.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Botswana climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation|url=https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/botswana|access-date=2023-03-25|website=www.climatestotravel.com}}</ref> Paka ya [[selemo]] e gantsi e leng go tloga ka November go fitlha ka March, e mogote e bile e na le dipula tse di lekanetseng. Go na le lesedi le lentsi la letsatsi ka paka eno, bogolo jang mo mosong. Mo ngwageng, themperetšha e farologana go tswa go 41 °F go ya go 89 °F mme ga se gantsi e leng kwa tlase ga 34 °F kgotsa kwa godimo ga 97 °F. Mogote gantsi o bogale ka dikgakologo ka September le October, bogolo jang kwa karolong e e kwa bokone ya naga, le fa go ntse jalo, malatsi a a mogote a ka nna teng mo nageng yotlhe go tloga ka September go fitlha ka April.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Botswana Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Botswana) - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/y/150209/Average-Weather-in-Botswana-Year-Round|access-date=2023-03-25|website=weatherspark.com}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Climate Risk Profile: Southern Africa|url=https://www.climatelinks.org/resources/climate-risk-profile-southern-africa|access-date=2023-03-25|website=www.climatelinks.org|date=31 May 2016|archive-date=2023-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325145714/https://www.climatelinks.org/resources/climate-risk-profile-southern-africa|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> Kgaolo ya borwabophirima ke yone e e omeletseng go gaisa, ke yone e go fitlhelwang sekaka sa Kalahari kwa pula e welang ka fa tlase ga dimilimetara di le 300 ka ngwaga. Mafelo a a nang le pula e ntsi, a a nang le pula e e fetang 500 mm (20 in) ka ngwaga, a kwa bokone le borwabotlhaba, koo Gaborone e leng teng. Naga eno ga e na lotshitshi mme e na le tlelaemete ya sekaka e e mogote e e nang le pharologano e kgolo fa gare ga dithemperetšha tsa motshegare le tsa bosigo le tlelaemete ya bongola ka kakaretso. [[Setshwantsho:BS_climate.png|left|thumb|613x613px|Tlelaemete e e omeletseng]] [[Botswana]] e tsewa e le mo kotsing ya go fetoga ga tlelaemete le go fetofetoga ga yone ka ntlha ya pula ya yone e e kwa tlase mmogo le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa lehuma se se amang thata mafelo a selegae.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana|url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/botswana|website=Climate Change Knowledge Portal|publisher=Worldbank|access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Botswana: Climate risk country profile - Botswana {{!}} ReliefWeb|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/botswana/botswana-climate-risk-country-profile|access-date=2023-04-30|website=reliefweb.int|date=18 January 2021}}</ref> Botswana e na le pula e nnye mme dipula di a fetoga tse di amang temothuo ka tsela e e sa siamang. Ka ntlha ya seemo sa pula kwa Botswana, se se sa ikanyegeng thata, go nnile le go fokotsega ga diheketara tse di lemilweng. Dipula tse di maatla di gogola mmu o o kwa godimo le dipeo ka paka ya go lema mme seno se felela ka thobo e e kwa tlase thata.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":7"/> Go nna mo kotsing ga Botswana mo phetogong ya tlelaemete go ama thata go ikaega ga yone mo dikarolong tse di amegang bonolo ke phetogo ya tlelaemete; bojanala, temothuo, metsi le boitekanelo. Lehuma le lone ke selo se sengwe se se bakwang ke go ikaega ka dikarolo tseno.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana|url=https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/15721-WB_Botswana%20Country%20Profile-WEB%20%281%29.pdf|website=Climate Change Knowledge Portal|publisher=Worldbank|access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> == Ditselana tse di botlhokwa == === Selekanyo sa mogote === [[Setshwantsho:Temperature_Bar_Chart_Africa-Botswana--1901-2020--2021-07-13.png|alt=Figure 2|thumb|398x398px|Ditsela tsa dithemperetšha tsa Botswana magareng ga 1901 le 2020]]Palogare ya selekanyo sa mogote e oketsegile ka 1.5 °C fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa bo1900.<ref>[https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/botswana "Climate Risk Country Profile-Botswana"]. ''Climate Change Knowledge Portal''. Worldbank. Retrieved 21 March 2023.</ref> Setshwantsho se se mo mojeng se bontsha selekanyosa mogote sa Botswana magareng ga ngwaga wa 1901 le ngwaga wa 2020. Diphetogo tse dikgolo di diragala ka Ngwanatsele le Mopitlwe.<ref>[https://www.undrr.org/home "United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)"]. ''United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)''. 3 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-03-25.</ref> Botswana e itemogela dithemperetšha tse di mogote thata ka nako ya selemo tse di simololang ka Ngwanatsele go fitlha ka Mopitlwe tse di ka fitlhang go 38 °C mo dikarolong dingwe tsa naga fa mariga a simololang ka Mopitlwe go fitlha ka Phatwe a le tsididi thata bosigo mme a le bonolo motshegare, ka dinako tse dingwe a na le serame se se bogale se se ka gatsetsang metsi a mannye.<ref name=":11" /> Ka dikgakologo go tloga ka Lwetse go fitlha ka Diphalane, go nna mogote thata mo nageng e ka fitlha go 44 °C mo dikarolong tse dintsi tsa naga.<ref>[https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/botswana "Botswana climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation".] ''www.climatestotravel.com''. Retrieved 2023-04-30.</ref> === Tlhatlogo ya Maru === Botswana e nnile le dipula tse di kwa tlase ga tse di tlwaelegileng e bile e nnile le [[:en:Drought|komelelo e e tlwaelegileng]].<ref>[https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/ "World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal".] ''climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org''. Retrieved 2023-03-25.</ref> Malatsi a pula e nang ka one kwa Botswana a farologana go ralala ngwaga. Letsatsi le le nang le pula le lekanngwa go ya ka dimetara di le 0,04 tsa pula e e nang. Nako ya pula e simolola ka Diphalane go fitlha ka Moranang ka kgonagalo ya 21% ya gore letsatsi e nne la pula fa paka ya mariga e simolola ka Moranang go fitlha ka Diphalane, kgwedi ya Phukwi e le kgwedi e e nang le malatsi a pula a mannye thata ka palogare ya malatsi a le 0.2 ka palogare ya dipula tse di ka nnang 0.04 ya disentimetara. December e begwa e le kgwedi e pula e nang thata ka yone.<ref name=":4" /> == Ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa loapi == Phetogo ya tlelaemete e setse e na le ditlamorago tse di bonalang mo lefatsheng, lefatshe le a thuthafala, dipula di nna di ntse di fetoga, le metsi a lewatle a ntse a tlhatloga mme diphetogo tseno di oketsa bodiphatsa jwa mogote, merwalela, komelelo le melelo<ref>[https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/climate-change/effects-of-climate-change "Effects of climate change".] ''Met Office''. Retrieved 2023-03-30. </ref>.[ 14] Go fetoga ga tlelaemete le go dirisana ga yone le dilo tse dingwe tse di bakang kgatelelo ya maikutlo go ile ga ama [[:en:Biodiversity|mefutafuta ya ditshedi]] mme mefuta e e nang le palo e nnye, e e seyong thata e bile e na le [[:en:Habitat|mafelo]] a a kgethegileng a e tshelang mo go one ke yone e e tlhaselwang thata<ref>Urich, Peter; Li, Yinpeng; Masike, Sennye (2021), Oguge, Nicholas; Ayal, Desalegn; Adeleke, Lydia; da Silva, Izael (eds.), [[doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_161|"Climate Change, Biodiversity, and Tipping Points in Botswana"]], ''African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation'', Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1193–1226, [[doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_161|doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_161, ISBN <bdi>978-3-030-45106-6</bdi>]], [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|S2CID 238974667, retrieved 2023-04-08]]</ref>. [[Setshwantsho:Sunflower during winter season 01.jpg|thumb|Setlhatshana sa Sonobolomo go le paka ya mariga ko Kanngwe, Botswana]] Go fetoga ga tlelaemete, go go tlisiwang ke dithemperetšha tse di kwa godimo, [[:en:Water_scarcity|go tlhaela ga lefatshe le metsi]], merwalela, leuba le go fudusiwa ga batho, go amile thata temothuo mme ga dira gore batho ba se ka ba nna le dijo tse di lekaneng. Tseno di amile thata batho ba ba bokoa go ba baya mo kotsing ya tlala le go tlhoka dijo<ref>CLIMATE AND HEALTH COUNTRY PROFILE – 2015 BOTSWANA, (2015), World Health Organisation, retrieved 30/04/2023</ref>. Ka jaana, selekanyo sa batswana ba le masome a mararo mo lekgolong ba mo kotsing ya go tshwaediwa ke malaria ngwaga le ngwaga mme bontsi jwa dikgetsi di diragala kwa dikgaolong tse di kwa bokone ka Bobonong, Tutume, Serowe, Phalapye le Boteti di le mo kgaolong ya malaria<ref>[https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/BOTSWANA%20THIRD%20NATIONAL%20COMUNICATION unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/BOTSWANA%20THIRD%20NATIONAL%20COMUNICATION]</ref>. Mo dingwageng tsa dipula tse di nang thata kotsi ya malaria e fetela kwa bophirima le kwa borwa. Go nna teng ga [[:en:Diarrheal_shellfish_poisoning|bolwetse jwa letshololo]] go tla ka mokgwa wa go [[:en:Bimodal|dikologa]] o o nang le diphefo ka Mopitlwe (ANOVA p < 0.001) le Diphalane (ANOVA p < 0.001) ka go latelana mo setlheng se se metsi le se se omileng. 18] Go na le kamano e e maatla e e siameng (p < 0.001) mo palong ya dikgetse tsa letshololo tse di begilweng mo tekanyong ya go diega ga kgwedi e le nngwe. Diphetogo tsa tlelaemete (dipula, themperetšha e e kwa tlase le kgatelelo ya mouwane) di ne tsa bolelela pele gore go tla nna le letshololo la paka ya selemo le le tla tlang morago ga kgwedi e le nngwe (p < 0.001). Go nna teng ga bolwetse jwa letshololo go ne go le kwa godimo mo setlheng se se omeletseng morago ga go tsaya dintlha tse dingwe tsia, go bontsha ka kakaretso koketsego ya 20% go feta palogare ya ngwaga (p < 0.001) Go na le mabaka a le mantsi a go farologana ga ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya tlelaemete tse di itemogelwang ke banna le basadi. Pharologano eno e simolola ka dipharologano tsa sepolotiki, tsa ikonomi le tsa loago<ref name=":1">https://climatepromise.undp.org/news-and-stories/what-does-gender-equality-have-do-climate-change ''UNDP Climate Promise''. Retrieved 2023-04-11.</ref><ref>[https://www.boell.de/en/2010/04/27/gender-and-climate-change-botswana-case-study "Gender and Climate Change: Botswana Case Study | Heinrich Böll Stiftung"]. ''Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung''. Retrieved 2023-04-11.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, balemirui ba ba tswelelang ba ba lengwang ke basadi ba ba neng ba lema go tokafatsa pabalesego ya dijo tsa malapa a bona le fa go na le seabe se se oketsegileng le ntshokuno ya temothuo bontsi jwa basadi ga ba na taolo ya lefatshe mme ga ba na phitlhelelo ya katoloso ya temothuo le kadimo<ref name=":1" />. Ditsebe tse dintsi tsa leroborobo la HIV di thusitse go fitlhelela ditirelo tsa metswedi ya ntshokuno le bokgoni ka tsela e e lekanyeditsweng. Dilo tseno tsotlhe di dira gore basadi ba nne mo kotsing ya go amiwa ke diphetogo tsa tlelaemete<ref>[https://www.boell.de/en/taxonomy/term/all/products "| Heinrich Böll Stiftung"]. ''Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung''. Retrieved 2023-04-11.</ref>. Mo ditoropong ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya tlelaemete di ama basadi le banna ka go farologana<ref>[https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-brief/gender-and-climate-change "Gender and climate change"]. ''IUCN''. Retrieved 2023-04-11.</ref>. Basadi le basetsana ba itemogela ditlamorago tse dikgolo tsa phetogo ya tlelaemete, e e oketsang go se lekalekane ga bong jo bo leng teng le go baya matshosetsi a a kgethegileng mo matshelong a bona, boitekanelo le pabalesego<ref>[https://www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/explainer/2022/02/explainer-how-gender-inequality-and-climate-change-are-interconnected#:~:text=The%20climate%20crisis%20is%20not,less%20access%20to%2C%20natural%20resources. www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/explainer/2022/02/explainer-how-gender-inequality-and-climate-change-are-interconnected#:~:text=The%20climate%20crisis%20is%20not,less%20access%20to%2C%20natural%20resources.]</ref><ref>[https://www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/explainer/2022/02/explainer-how-gender-inequality-and-climate-change-are-interconnected "Explainer: How gender inequality and climate change are interconnected"]. ''UN Women – Headquarters''. 28 February 2022. Retrieved 2023-04-11.</ref>. == Madi a Seemo sa Loapi == Botswana e ikaeletse go fokotsa digase tse di ntshiwang ka kakaretso ka 15% go tswa mo ngwageng wa motheo wa 2010 ka 2038 ka ditshenyegelo tse di solofetsweng tsa didolara di le dimilione di le 18,4 tsa Amerika. Mokgele ono wa go fokotsa go ntshiwa ga digase o ne wa lekanyediwa go ya ka seelo sa ntlha sa digase tsa GHG tsa digase tse tharo tsa CO2, CH4 le N2O. Go akaretsa mafapha a maatla, matlakala le temothuo<ref>[https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/fr/c/LEX-FAOC187052/ "FAO.org"]. ''www.fao.org''. Retrieved 2023-04-30.</ref>. Dipalopalo tse ga di akaretse kgatsho ya CH4 go tswa mo temothuong ya leruo, bogolo go tswa mo fermenting ya mala, le fa go ntse jalo, naga e ikaelela go tsenya tirisong dikgato tsa go fokotsa seemo mo lephateng le<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230430143125/https://drmims.sadc.int/sites/default/files/document/2020-03/2017_SAClimate%20Finance_Botswana-Country-Diagnostic.pdf Botswana Country Diagnostic] , May (2017), Southern African Climate Finance Partnership, <nowiki>https://drmims.sadc.int/</nowiki> Retrieved 30/04/2023</ref>. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Botswana]] [[Karolo:Phetogo ya seemo sa loapi go ya ka lefatshe.]] [[Karolo:Phêtogo ya sêêmô sa loapi mo Aferika.]] <references /> [[Karolo:Selekanyo sa mogote]] [[Karolo:Seemo sa loapi]] [[Karolo:Seemo sa loapi le dipalopalo tsa bosa]] t35dg13lxdp31fn9ujevdwedqsrsor1 Buchi Emecheta 0 9035 56965 51758 2026-11-02T01:49:37Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Buchi Emecheta|post-nominals=Officer of the Order of the British Empire{{!}}OBE|image=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2c/Florence_Onyebuchi_%22Buchi%22_Emecheta_OBE_died_2017.png|birth_name=Florence Onyebuchi Emecheta|birth_date=21 July 1944|birth_place=Lagos, Nigeria|death_date={{Death date and age|2017|01|25|1944|07|21|df=y}}|death_place=London, England|nationality=Nigerian|education=Methodist Girls' High School{{!}}Methodist Girls' School, Yaba, Lagos{{!}}Yaba, Lagos;<br>University of London|occupation=Writer|notable works=In the Ditch (novel){{!}}In the Ditch (1972) Second Class Citizen (novel){{!}}Second-Class Citizen (1974) The Bride Price (1976) The Slave Girl (novel){{!}}The Slave Girl (1977) The Joys of Motherhood (1979)|website=website{{!}}http://www.buchiemecheta.co.uk/&#124;Buchi Emecheta Foundation}} '''Florence Onyebuchi "Buchi" Emecheta OBE''' o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1944 kgwedi ya Phukwi e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe, mme a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa 2017, Firikgong a le masome a mabedi le botlhano. E ne ele mokwadi wa dibuka o o tsholetsweng kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:Nigeria|Nigeria]], mme a nnile kwa [[:en:United_Kingdom|United Kingdom]] go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1962.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Margaret_Busby|Busby, Margaret]] (3 February 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/feb/03/buchi-emecheta-obituary "Buchi Emecheta obituary".] [[:en:The_Guardian|''The Guardian''.]]</ref> O kwadile metshameko le buka e e buang ka botshelo jwa gagwe, ga mmogo le dibuka tsa bana. Buchi e ne e le mokwadi wa dibuka di feta masome a mabedi, di akaretsa ''[[:en:Second_Class_Citizen_(novel)|Second Class Citizen]]'' e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1974, ''[[:en:The_Bride_Price|The Bride Price]]'' e yone e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1976, ''[[:en:The_Slave_Girl_(novel)|The Slave girl]]'' ya 1977 le ''[[:en:The_Joys_of_Motherhood|The Joys of Motherhood]]'' ya ngwaga wa 1979. Bontsi jwa dibuka tsa gagwe tsa ntlha di gatisitswe ke [[:en:Allison_&_Busby|Allison and Busby]], kwa motlhabolodi wa dibuka tsa gagwe e neng e le [[:en:Margaret_Busby|Margaret Busby.]]<ref name=":0" /> Melaetsa ya dibuka tsa ga Emecheta ya bokgoba jwa bana, go nna mme, go ikemela ka nosi ga basadi le kgololesego e e bonwang ka thuto e akgotswe thata mme gape ya kgalwa. O kile ka nako nngwe a tlhalosa dipolelo tsa gagwe e le dipolelo tsa lefatshe, kwa basadi ba itemogelang mathata a lehuma le kgatelelo,mme sebaka se ba se nnang, go sa kgathelesego gore ba tswa kae, mathata a bone a simolola go tshwana. Ditiro tsa gagwe di tlhotlhomisa kgogakgogano gareng ga setso le sesha.<ref name=":1">[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buchi-Emecheta "Buchi Emecheta | Biography, Books, & Facts".] ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 9 May 2019.</ref> O supilwe fa e le mokwadi wa mosadi o montsho wa ntlha go atlega a nna kwa [[:en:Great_Britain|Britain]] morago ga ngwaga wa 1948.<ref>Dawson, Ashley, "Beyond Imperial Feminism: Buchi Emecheta's London Novels and Black British Women's Emancipation", in ''Mongrel Nation: Diasporic Culture and the Making of Postcolonial Britain'', University of Michigan Press, 2007, p. 117.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe a le mmotlana le thuto == Buchi Emecheta o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1944, kgwedi ya Phukwi e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe kwa [[:en:Lagos|Lagos]] Nigeria, Ke ngwaga wa batsadi ba morafe wa I[[:en:Igbo_people|gbo]]<ref name=":2">Ray, Mohit K., ed. (2007). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=A_YatfLrgnMC&q=Buchi+Emecheta+21+July+1944&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Buchi%20Emecheta%2021%20July%201944&f=false The Atlantic Companion to Literature in English]''. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p.&nbsp;164. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9788126908325|<bdi>9788126908325</bdi>.]]</ref><ref name=":3">Ross, Robert L., ed. (1999). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=W1tZoZ-GcTIC&q=Buchi+Emecheta+21+July+1944&pg=PA319&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Buchi%20Emecheta%2021%20July%201944&f=false Colonial and Postcolonial Fiction: An Anthology]''. Psychology Press. p.&nbsp;319. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/9780815314318|&nbsp;<bdi>9780815314318</bdi>.]]</ref> ebong Alice (Okwuekwuhe) Emecheta le Jeremy Nwabudinke.<ref name=":4">Olendorf, Donna, ed. (1991). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=JGoYAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Education:+University+of+London,+B.Sc.+(with+honors),+1972%22&redir_esc=y Something about the Author]'' (illustrated&nbsp;ed.). Gale Research International, Limited. p.&nbsp;59. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/9780810322769|&nbsp;<bdi>9780810322769</bdi>.]]</ref> <ref name=":5">Sleeman, Elizabeth (2001). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=6J8xDWDqOkEC&q=Buchi+Emecheta+21+July+1944&pg=PA161&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Buchi%20Emecheta%2021%20July%201944&f=false The International Who's Who of Women] 2002'' (revised&nbsp;ed.). Psychology Press. p.&nbsp;161. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781857431223|<bdi>9781857431223</bdi>.]]</ref>Batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba tswa kwa motseng wa Umuezeokolo Odeanata kwa [[:en:Igbuzo|Ibusa]] kwa kgaolong ya [[:en:Delta_State|Delta]]. Rragwe e ne e le mmereki wa seporo ebile e le moagi wa ditena.<ref name=":4" /> Buka ya gagwe ya [[:en:The_Slave_Girl_(novel)|The Slave Girl]] e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1977 e tlhotlheleditswe ke mmagwe<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230207124932/https://dailytrust.com/buchi-emecheta-hero/ "Buchi Emecheta, hero"]. February 2023.</ref> ebong Alice Ogbanje Ojebeta Emecheta o kileng a nna mosetsana wa lekgoba, a rekiseditswe losika longwe lwa gagwe ke kgaitsadie go reka matsela a a rwalwang mo tlhogong gore a a apare ka moletlo wa gagwe wa go gola. Fa mohumagadi wa mong wa gagwe a tlhokafala, Ogbanje Emecheta o ne a boela gae a gololesegile. Ka ntlha ya go gobelela ga bong ga nako eo, Emecheta o feditse dingwaga tsa gagwe tsa bongwana a nna kwa lwapeng fa kgaitsadie o monnye a ne a tsena sekolo, mme morago ga go kopa batsadi ba gagwe go sekaseka maduo a thuto, o ne a fetsa botshelo jwa gagwe jwa a le monnye kwa sekolong sa basetsana. Fa a le dingwaga di robabongwe, rragwe o ne a tlhokafala ka ntlha ya bothata jwa ntho e e neng ya tswa mo go ene kwa ditsobotleng tsa kwa Burma kwa a neng a rometswe teng go ya go lwela [[:en:Lord_Louis_Mountbatten|Lord Louis Mountbatten]] le ba ba neng ba setse kwa bogosing jwa kwa Britain.<ref>Onwordi, Sylvester, [https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/2017/01/remembering-my-mother-buchi-emecheta-1944-2017 "Remembering my mother Buchi Emecheta, 1944–2017",] ''New Statesman'', 31 January 2017.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=i5WpDAAAQBAJ&q=born+21+July+1944&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=born%2021%20July%201944&f=false ''A Study Guide for Buchi Emecheta's "The Joys of Motherhood"''.] Gale Cengage Learning. 2016. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781410350268|<bdi>9781410350268</bdi>.]]</ref> Morago ga ngwaga Emecheta o ne a amogela madia dithuso tsa sekolo go ya go tsena sekolo kwa [[:en:Methodist_Girls'_High_School|Methodist Girls' School]] kwa [[:en:Yaba,_Lagos|Yaba kwa Lagos]] kwa a nnileng teng go fitlhelela a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro. Ka nako eo mmagwe o ne a tlhokafala, a tlogela Emecheta e le lesiela. Ka ngwaga wa 1960 o ne a nyalwa ke Sylvester Onwordi,<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" /> mosimane o a neng a sale a mmeeletsa Emecheta a le dingwaga di le lesome le bongwe.<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/news/culture-stars-died-2017/buchi-emecheta/ "Culture stars who died in 2017: from Doreen Keogh to Bruce Forsyth : Buchi Emecheta".] [[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|''The Daily Telegraph''.]] 26 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref><ref name=":6">''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=7EiVDAAAQBAJ&q=Buchi+Emecheta++gave+birth+to+five+children+in+six+years&pg=PT6&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Buchi%20Emecheta%20%20gave%20birth%20to%20five%20children%20in%20six%20years&f=false A Study Guide for Buchi Emecheta's "The Bride Price"]''. Gale, Cengage Learning. 2016. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781410342034|<bdi>9781410342034</bdi>.]]</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng yone eo o ne a belega ngwana wa mosetsana, mme ka ngwaga wa 1961 ngwana wa bone wa mosimane o monnye a tsholwa.<ref name=":0" /> Onwordi o ne a fudugela kwa [[:en:London|London]] go tsena sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro, mme Emecheta a tsamaya le ene le bana ba bone bantlha ba babedi ka ngwaga wa 1962.<ref name=":0" /> O nnile le bana ba le batlhano mo dingwageng tse thataro, basetsana ba le bararo le basimane ba babedi.<ref name=":6" /> O ne a sa itumela mo lonyalong lwa gagwe ka nako tse dingwe go nne go nna go le dintwa, jaaka a tlhalositse mo dibukeng tsa botshelo jwa gagwe jaaka ya ngwaga wa 1974 ya [[:en:Second_Class_Citizen_(novel)|Second-Class Citizen]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121104102747/http://www.english.emory.edu/Bahri/Emech.html "Emecheta, Buchi",] Biography, Postcolonial Studies @ Emory.</ref> Go fodisa tlhogo, Emecheta o ne a kwala ka nako e a neng a sena tiro. Mme le fa go ntse jalo monna wa gagwe o ne a belaela go kwala mo ga gagwe, mme ebile a tshuba pampiri e a neng a e kwadile ka seatla ka molelo,<ref>[https://www.enotes.com/topics/buchi-emecheta/critical-essays/emecheta-buchi "Buchi Emecheta Essay".] eNotes.com.</ref> selo se o se boletse mo bukeng ya gagwe ya [[:en:The_Bride_Price|The Bride Price]] e e neng ya gatisiwa ka ngwaga wa 1976. E ne e le buka ya gagwe ya ntlha mme o ne a tshwanelwa ke go e kwala gape morago ga gore ya ntlha e senngwe. O ne a tlhalosa gore go tsere dingwaga di le tlhano go kwala gape labobedi.<ref>Jussawalla, Feroza F., Reed Way Dasenbrock, [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=JmNRxj5pzTYC&dq=%22Interviews+with+Writers+of+the+Post-colonial+World%22+buchi+emecheta&pg=PA83&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Interviews%20with%20Writers%20of%20the%20Post-colonial%20World%22%20buchi%20emecheta&f=false "Buchi Emecheta",] ''Interviews with Writers of the Post-colonial World'', University Press of Mississippi, 1992, p. 84.</ref> Fa a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bobedi, a solofetse ngwaga wa gagwe wa botlhano, Emecheta o ne a tlogela monna wa gagwe.<ref name=":7">Kean, Danuta (26 January 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/jan/26/buchi-emecheta-pioneering-nigerian-novelist-dies-aged-72 "Buchi Emecheta, pioneering Nigerian novelist, dies aged 72".] ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref> <ref>Adeleye-Fayemi, Bisi, [https://web.archive.org/web/20231023135235/https://abovewhispers.com/2017/02/18/loud-whispers-first-class-citizen-buchi-emecheta-1944-2017/ "LOUD WHISPERS: The First Class Citizen (Buchi Emecheta 1944-2017)",] ''Above Whispers'', 18 February 2017.</ref>Fa a bereka gore a kgone go tlhokomela bana ba gagwe a le nosi, o ne a aloga ka dithuto tsa BSc Hons degree in Sociology ka ngwaga wa 1972 kwa [[:en:University_of_London|University of London]].<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":7" /> Mo bukeng ya botshelo jwa gagwe ya ngwaga wa 1984, [[:en:Head_above_Water|Head above Water,]] o ne a kwala gore ke dikgakgamatso gore a bo a kgonne go tshela dingwaga tse masome tse di fetileng kwa Ennyelane go tswa ka nako ya a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi a na le bana ba le bane a solofetse o mongwe.<ref>Emecheta, Buchi, ''Head Above Water'', p. 5, quoted in Stephen Jantuah Boakye, [http://www.languageinindia.com/april2013/stephenemecheta.pdf "Suspense Strategies in Buchi Emecheta's Head Above Water"], ''Language in India'', Vol. 13:4, April 2013. ISSN 1930-2940.</ref> O ne a ya go tsweledisa dithuto tsa PhD kwa sekolong seo sa London ka ngwaga wa 1991.<ref>''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=1GuvNSoG2WIC&q=%22Education:+University+of+London,+B.Sc.+(with+honors),+1972,+Ph.D.,+1991.%22&redir_esc=y Contemporary Authors: Volume 126]''. Cengage Gale. 2004. p.&nbsp;115. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>9780787667184</bdi>.</ref> == Tsa tiro == Emecheta o simolotse go kwala ka maitemogelo a gagwe a botshelo jwa go nna motho montsho o tshelela kwa Britain, mo karolong ya makasine wa [[:en:New_Statesman|New Statesman,]]<ref name=":0" /> kgobokanyo ya dikarolo tse e ne ya gatisiwa e le buka ya gagwe ya ntlha e e bidiwang [[:en:In_the_Ditch_(novel)|In the Ditch]], ka ngwaga wa 1972.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":7" /> Buka e, e bontlha bongwe jwa yone e leng ka botshelo jwa gagwe,<ref name=":2" /> e supile dikgwetlho tsa moanelwamogolo Adah, o neng a patelediwa go nna mo dikagong tsa phiriso a bereka mo motlobong wa dibuka go tlhokomela bana ba gagwe ba batlhano.<ref name=":3" /> Buka ya gagwe ya bobedi e e gatisitsweng morago ga dingwaga tse pedi, Second Class Citizen,<ref name=":8">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38757048 "Buchi Emecheta: Nigerian author who championed girls dies aged 72"]. ''BBC News''. 26 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref> le yone e na le maitemogelo a ga Emecheta, mme dibuka tse tsotlhe ka bobedi di gatisitswe e le buka e le nngwe ke ba Allison and Busby ka setlhogo se se reng Adah's Story ka ngwaga wa 1983.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=iHMsAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Buchi+Emecheta+published+Second-Class+Citizen+and+In+the+Ditch+in+one+volume+as+Adah+%27s+Story.%22&redir_esc=y ''British Book News''.] National Book League. 1986.</ref> Dipolelo tse tharo tse di ama melaetsa e meraro ya ga Emecheta e e leng go lwela tekatekano, go itshepa le go nna le tlotla ga motho wa mme. Dibuka tsa gagwe tse di latelang: ya [[:en:Gwendolen_(novel)|Gwendolen]] e e gatisitsweng ka 1989 ka leina la The Family, [[:en:Kehinde_(novel)|Kehinde]] ka 1994 le [[:en:The_New_Tribe|The New Tribe]] ka 2000, di farologana ka tsela nngwe ka di mekamekana le dikgang tsa matshelo a batswakwa kwa lefatsheng la Great Britain.<ref name=":1" /> Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1965 go tsena ka wa 1969, Emecheta o ne a bereka e le motlhokomedi wa motlobo kwa [[:en:British_Museum|mabolokelong a ditso a British Museum]] kwa Lontone.<ref name=":4" /> Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1969 go tsena ka 1976, o ne a bereka e le mmereki wa basha ebile e le mmaboipelego kwa [[:en:Inner_London_Education_Authority|Inner London Education Authority]]<ref name=":4" /><ref>Busby, Margaret, [[:en:Daughters_of_Africa|"Buchi Emecheta"]], ''Daughters of Africa'', London: Jonathan Cape, 1992, p. 656.</ref>, mme ka 1976 go tsena ka 1978 a bereka kwa [[:en:London_Borough_of_Camden|Camden kwa bokone jwa Lontone]],<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> mme a tsweletse ka go kwala dibuka tsa The Bride Price (ka ngwaga wa 1976), The Slave Girl (1977) The Joys of Motherhood (1979) le [[:en:Destination_Biafra|Destination Biafra]] ka ngwaga wa 1982 le ba Allison and Busby, ga mmogo le dibuka tsa bana; ya Titch the Cat e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1979 le ya Nowhere To Play ka ngwaga wa 1980. Morago ga katlego ya gagwe mo bokwading, Emecheta o ne a tsaya maeto e le morutuntshi. O etetse dikolo tse dikgolwane tsa ithutelo ditiro kwa America di akaretsa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|Pennsylvania State University]], [[:en:Rutgers_University|Rutgers University]], [[:en:University_of_California,_Los_Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles]] le University of [[:en:University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaign|Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]].<ref name=":4" /><ref>''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=BGLWAAAAMAAJ&q=%22+Emecheta+has+been+a+visiting+professor+or+lecturer+at+a+dozen+American+universities,+including+Penn+State,+University+of%22&redir_esc=y Society and Solitude]'' (2&nbsp;ed.). University Press of America. 1997. p.&nbsp;241. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780761801290|<bdi>9780761801290</bdi>.]]</ref>Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1980 go tsena ka wa 1981, e ne e le moithuti mogolo ebile e le morutuntshimogolo wa puo ya sekgoa kwa [[:en:University_of_Calabar|University of Calabar]] kwa Nigeria.<ref name=":5" /> Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1982 go tsena ka 1982, Emecheta le morwa wa gagwe Sylvester ba ne ba simolodisa kompone ya Ogwugwu Afor Publishing Company,<ref name=":7" /> ba gatisa dibuka tsa gagwe go simolola ka ya [[:en:Double_Yoke|Double Yoke]] ka 1982.<ref>Fraser, C. Gerald, [https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/02/books/writer-her-dream-fulfilled-seeks-to-link-two-worlds.html "Writer, Her Dream Fulfilled, Seeks to Link Two Worlds]", ''The New York Times'', 2 June 1990.</ref> O ne a amogela thuso ya madi ya [[:en:Arts_Council_of_Great_Britain|Arts Council of Great Britain]] ka ngwaga wa 1982 go tsena ka 83.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1982 o ne a rutuntsha kwa [[:en:Yale_University|Yale University]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_London|University of London.]] <ref name=":5" /> Emecheta o berekile le makgotla a mantsi a ditso le thuto a akaretsa [[:en:Africa_Centre,_London|Africa Centre kwa London]] le [[:en:Caine_Prize|Caine Prize for African Writin]]<nowiki/>g e le leloko la lekgotla la bagakolodi.<ref>The Council of the Caine Prize for African Writing, [https://web.archive.org/web/20231023135234/https://www.caineprize.com/blog/2017/1/27/tribute-to-buchi-emecheta-1944-2017 "Tribute to Buchi Emecheta (1944–2017)",] Caine Prize blog, 1 February 2017.</ref> Buchi Emecheta o ne a tsenwa ke bolwetse jwa go swa mohama ka ngwaga wa 2010,<ref name=":7" /> mme a tlhokafala kwa Lontone ka ngwaga wa 2017, Firikgong a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano a le dingwaga tse di masome a supa le bobedi.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref>Adesanya, Femi, [https://www.informationng.com/2017/01/nigerian-literary-icon-buchi-emecheta-died.html "Nigerian Literary Icon, Buchi Emecheta Has Died",] Information Nigeria, 25 January 2017.</ref> Bontis jwa dibuka tsa gagwe tsa ditiragalo tse di itlhametsweng di itebagantse le kgethololo ya bong le lotso e a e itemogetseng ka nako ya a godisa bana a le nosi ebile a le mme o montsho a tshelela kwa United Kingdom.<ref>[https://literature.britishcouncil.org/writer/buchi-emecheta "Buchi Emecheta - Literature".] ''literature.britishcouncil.org''. Retrieved 24 May 2018.</ref> == Dietsele le tlotla == Nngwe ya dietsele tse Emecheta a di fentseng mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa bokwadi ke seetsele sa Jock Campbell<ref name=":0" /> ka ngwaga wa 1978 go tswa kwa New Statesman (seetsele se se fentsweng pele ke Chinua Achebe ka buka ya gagwe ya Arrow of God)<ref>Amoia, Alba, and Bettina Liebowitz Knapp, ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=9UUUHP3Mg0IC&dq=%22jock+Campbell+Prize%22+%22arrow+of+god%22&pg=PA26&redir_esc=y Multicultural Writers Since 1945: An A-to-Z Guide]'', Greenwood Press, 2004, p. 26.</ref>, e le sa buka ya gagwe ya The Slave Girl,<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":9">[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/miscellaneous-english-literature-20th-cent-biographies/buchi-emecheta#2590000207 "Buchi Emecheta 1944–"], ''Concise Major 21st Century Writers'' , encyclopedia.com.</ref>o ne a tlhagelela gape mo makasineng wa Granta fa ba bua ka bakwadi ba Britain ba ba gaisitseng ba le masome a mabedi.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10">Emecheta, Buchi, [https://granta.com/head-above-water/ "Head Above Water",] ''Granta 7: Best of Young British Novelists | Essays & Memoir'', 1 March 1983.</ref> E ne e le leloko la British Home Secretary's Advisory Council mo go tsa lotso ka ngwaga wa 1979.<ref name=":5" /> Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa 2004, o ne a tlhagelela mo senepeng sa "A Great Day in London" se se neng se tserwe kwa motlobong wa British Library, a na le bakwadi ba bantsho le ba lotso lwa Asia ba ba nnileng le seabe se se bonalang mo pading ya Britain.<ref>Levy, Andrea, [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2004/sep/18/featuresreviews.guardianreview33 "Made in Britain. To celebrate the impact of their different perspectives, 50 writers of Caribbean, Asian and African descent gathered to be photographed. Andrea Levy reports on a great day for literature"], ''The Guardian'', 18 September 2004.</ref><ref>Le Gendre, Kevin, [[:en:The_Independent|"Books: A great day for a family get together Who are the movers and shakers in black British writing? And can they all fit on one staircase?",]] ''The Independent on Sunday'', 17 October 2004.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a nna OBE ka ditirelo tsa gagwe mo pading.<ref name=":7" /> O ne a amogela seetsele sa tlotla go tswa kwa Farleigh Dickson University ka ngwaga wa 1992.<ref>Jagne, Siga Fatima, and Pushpa Naidu Parekh (eds), [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=3iibMu0Qjs8C&dq=emecheta+farleigh+university+honorary+doctorate&pg=PA149&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=emecheta%20farleigh%20university%20honorary%20doctorate&f=false Buchi Emecheta biography], ''Postcolonial African Writers: A Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook'', Routledge, 1998, p. 149.</ref> == Dibuka tsa gagwe == === Tsa ditiragalo tse di itlhametsweng === * [[:en:In_the_Ditch_(novel)|In the Ditch]] - e e gatisitsweng ka 1972<ref name=":2" /> * [[:en:Second_Class_Citizen_(novel)|Second Class Citizen]] - e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1974<ref name=":2" /> * [[:en:The_Bride_Price|The Bride Price]] - e e gatisitsweng ka 1976<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /> * [[:en:The_Slave_Girl_(novel)|The Slave Girl]] - e gatisitswe ka 1977; e fentse seeetsele sa Jock Campbell Award sa ngwaga wa 1978 go tswa kwa New Statesman<ref name=":2" /> * [[:en:The_Joys_of_Motherhood|The Joys of Motherhood]] - e gatisitswe ka ngwaga wa 1979<ref name=":2" /> * The Moonlight Bride - e gatisitswe ka 1981<ref name=":5" /> * [[:en:Destination_Biafra|Destination Biafra]] - 1982<ref name=":2" /> * [[:en:Naira_Power|Naira Power]] - 1982<ref name=":5" /> * Adah's story - 1983 * [[:en:The_Rape_of_Shavi|The Rape of Shavi]] - 1983<ref name=":2" /> * [[:en:Double_Yoke|Double Yoke]] - 1982<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> * A kind of Marriage - 1986 * [[:en:Gwendolen_(novel)|Gwendolen]] - 1989<ref>Sougou, Omar (2002). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=jFiPEtL4YNYC&q=Buchi+Emecheta+The+Family&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Buchi%20Emecheta%20The%20Family&f=false Writing Across Cultures: Gender Politics and Difference in the Fiction of Buchi Emecheta]''. Rodopi. p.&nbsp;198. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9789042012981|<bdi>9789042012981</bdi>.]]</ref> * [[:en:Kehinde_(novel)|Kehinde]] - 1994<ref name=":2" /> * [[:en:The_New_Tribe|The New Tribe]] - 2000<ref name=":2" /> === Tsa Botshelo jwa gagwe === * [[:en:Head_above_Water|Head Above Water]] - 1984;1986<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> * Voices of The Crossing - 1998 === Dibuka tsa bana/banana === * Titch the Cat - 1979<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> * Nowhere to play - 1980<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":10" /> * The Wrestling Match - 1981<ref name=":5" /> === Metshameko === * Juju Landlord - 1975<ref>Jackson, Tommie Lee (2001). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=DOxaAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Family+Bargain%22&redir_esc=y An Invincible Summer: Female Diasporean Authors]''. [[:en:Africa_World_Press|Africa World Press]]. p.&nbsp;101. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780865438231|<bdi>9780865438231</bdi>.]]</ref><ref name=":11">Malik, Sarita, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220331135336/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/1282944/ "Black TV Writers",] BFI ScreenOnline.</ref> * A Kind of Marriage - 1976<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":11" /> * Family Bargain - 1987<ref>Lindfors, Bernth; Sander, Reinhard (1992). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=W6YRAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Family+Bargain%22&redir_esc=y Twentieth-century Caribbean and Black African Writers]''. Gale Research Inc. p.&nbsp;159. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780810375949|<bdi>9780810375949</bdi>.]]</ref> == Metswedi == fqrj4iq2ftqc7hvbv5lqht3q8696539 Maria Bird 0 9076 56985 51824 2026-11-02T08:55:23Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Maria Bird|birthname=Maria Edith Bird|birth_date={{birth date|1891|8|24|df=y}}|birth_place=Pietermaritzburg, Colony of Natal|death_date=death date and age{{!}}1979{{!}}8{{!}}25{{!}}1891{{!}}8{{!}}24{{!}}df=y|death_place=Westerham, Kent, England|occupation=Producer|notable works=Watch with Mother}} '''Maria Edith Bird''' yoo oneng a itsege thata ka leina la Marie o tshotswe ka Phukwi ale masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1891 mme a thokafala ka Phukwi ale masome a mabedi le bothano ka 1979, ene ele modiragatsi oo tsholetsweng mo Africa Borwa mme a dira bodiragatsi jwa gagwe ko Enyelane (Britain). O tsholetswe ko [[Pietermaritzburg]], [[:en:Colony_of_Natal|Colony of Natal]]<nowiki/>ko eneng ele boremelelo ja puso yaga Mmamosodinyana, mme one a tlhokafalela ale dingwaga tse 88 kwa motseng potlana wa [[:en:Westerham|Westharm]] ko a nnileng tleng lobaka. <ref>[http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=%2BZgk1ES2LzmVWGvKhGthBg&scan=1 "FreeBMD Entry Info"]. ''Freebmd.org.uk''. Retrieved 2 March 2016.</ref> Ene ele kokomane ya ga [[:en:Francis_Bird|Francis Bird]] oneng ele mmeti le Colonel Christopher Bird oneng ele mokwaledi mogolo ka nako ya puso ya bokolone (Colonial Secretary) ko Cape Town Castle ko a feletseng a fiwa tota kago reelela lefelo lele itsegeng kago seriletsa ditsa tholegoko kwa [[:en:Kirstenbosch|Kirstenbosch]] mo Africa Borwa bare Colonel Bird's Bath. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170915023118/http://www.sanbi.org/gardens/kirstenbosch/virtualtour/kirstenbosch-nbg-colonel-birds-bath "Kirstenbosch NBG: Colonel Bird's Bath"]. SANBI.org. 26 May 2015. Retrieved 2 March 2016.</ref> Mme mmagwe one a fudusa bana ba gagwe ko Natal Colony aba isa kwa UK goya go tsena dikole ko Maria aneng a tsena ko Scottish convent. Go fetseng sekole sa gagwe one a go ithuta mmino wa [[:en:Dalcroze_eurhythmics|Dalcroze eurhythmics]] ko tase ga thotoletso yaga [[:en:Émile_Jaques-Dalcroze|Émile Jaques-Dalcroze]] in Dessau. <ref>Transcript from interview with Maria Bird's nephew</ref> Maria Bird one a thusa go tlhama lego semodia BBC Children's Television le tsala ya gagwe [[:en:Freda_Lingstrom|Freda Lingstrom]] ko gape aneng a simolodia kopone ya bodiratsi ya Westerham Arts e eneng ya thamiwa ke kompone ya BBC go dira simolola mananeo a ditshwantso tsa motshikinyego tsedi neng di akeretsa engwe eneng e bitswa [[:en:The_Woodentops_(TV_series)|''The Woodentops'']] (1955), ''[[:en:Flower_Pot_Men|Flower Pot Men]]'' (1952) le ''[[:en:Andy_Pandy|Andy Pandy]] (1950).'' <ref>Maria Bird narrated all the 1950s black and white original transmissions of 'Watch With Mother', much later, however, Vera Mc Kechnie narrated the colour remakes of Andy Pandy in 1970, Vera narrated 'Picture Book' after her predecessor Patricia Driscoll, she had no input into Watch With Mother. [[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|In Andy Pandy is almost deviant, ''The Daily Telegraph'']], 29 April 2013</ref> ''B''oremelelo ja kompone ya WesterhamArts ene ele ko Chartwell Cottage ee neng ele yaga Bird and Lingstrom eneng ya felelwa e filwe National Trust ee bapileng le [[:en:Chartwell|Chartwell]] Estate. Maria le Freda bane ba aga ntlwana mo tshikwaneng mo lapeng eneng ko eneng ditswantsho tsa mosikinyego di diriwang teng. Mo bodiragatsing ka gagwe ene ele mokwadi <ref>[https://www.goodreads.com/series/85481-andy-pandy "Andy Pandy series by Maria Bird"]. Goodreads.com. Retrieved 2 March 2016.</ref>,moranodi <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEfnJBArxGg "Andy Pandy (Episode 1)"]. YouTube. Retrieved 2 March 2016.</ref> ebile ele moopedi <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231208220722/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/443746/index.html "BFI Screenonline: Woodentops, The (1955–57)"]. ''Screenonline.org.uk''. 9 September 1955. Retrieved 2 March 2016.</ref>. '''Metswedi''' b6z9eaeob9g0xtxwbs2fr22gbbs7cnu Moeng College 0 9263 56989 35172 2026-11-02T09:49:22Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox school|name=Moeng College Senior Secondary School|location=Moeng|country=[[Botswana]]|type=Government School|religious_affiliation=[[Christianity]]|established=1947|grades=Form 4, Form 5|national_ranking=32 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/190388|title=Moeng College Rank|date=20 March 2020|website=Mmegi}}</ref>|motto=Education for excellence}} '''Moeng College''' ke sekolo se segolwane sa puso se se kwa Moeng. Go agiwa ga sekolo se go ne ga simolodisiwa ke Tshekedi Khama ka 1947.<ref name=":0">[https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/11944 Moeng College History] ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 16/03/2024.</ref><ref>[[Botswana Schools]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://botswanalaws.com/StatutesActpdf/1971Actpdf/MOENG%20COLLEGE%20ACT,%2025%20OF%201971.pdf |title=Moeng College PDF |access-date=2024-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316091627/https://botswanalaws.com/StatutesActpdf/1971Actpdf/MOENG%20COLLEGE%20ACT,%2025%20OF%201971.pdf |archive-date=2024-03-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ditso == Sekolo sa Moeng College Senior Secondary School se kwa motseng o monnyennyane mo Botswana o o bidiwang Moeng o o leng sekgala sa dikhilomithara tse di ka nnang masome a ferabongwe le bferabobedi go tswa kwa [[Serowe]]. Sekolo sa Moeng se ne sa thamiwa ke Tshekedi Khama le morafe wa gagwe wa Bangwato ka 1947, leina "Moeng" le tswa mo phataneng e e neng e ratiwa ke rraagwe Tshekedi Khama.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == nusuymazoc62za0rvu5bywg9v6esa98 Folu Storms 0 9413 56970 38796 2026-11-02T04:21:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Folu Storms|image=Ada Afoluwake Ogunkeye is Folu Storms.png|landscape=<!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->|caption=Ada Afoluwake Ogunkeye in 2020|other names=Folu Storms|birth_name=Ada Afoluwake Ogunkeye|birth_date={{birth_date and age |1986|11|25|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Lagos State]], Nigeria|nationality=Nigerian|alma mater=University of Bristol<br>Aberystwyth University|occupation={{hlist| [[Media personality]]|[[actress]] }}|years active=2012–present|website=<!-- {{URL|folustorms.com}} -->}} '''Ada Afoluwake Ogunkeye''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya ngwanaatsele a le 25 ngwaga wa 1986)yo o itseweng ka leina la Folu Storms,e leng moemedi le mogasi wa radio mo Nigeria,modiragatsi,mogasi wa setshikinya ditshwantso.<ref>Onyinye, Yovnne. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20231127042653/https://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/folu-storms-takes-on-radio-and-tv/ Folu Storms Takes On Radio And TV]". ''Guardian''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref><ref>Admin. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20190213124217/https://www.folustorms.com/about-1 About]". ''FoluStorms.com''. Archived from [https://www.folustorms.com/about-1 the original] on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Storms o tsholetswe mo [[:en:Aguda,_Surulere|Aguda, Serulele]], [[:en:Lagos_state|Lagos State]].O tsene sekolo se sepotlana kwa Corona VI,a bo a ya kwa sekolong sa gagwe se segolwane sa ntlha kwa [[:en:Lagoon_Secondary_School,_Lekki|The Lagoon Secondary School]],a bo a ya gape kwa [[:en:St_Leonards_Mayfield|St Leonards MayField]] kwa UK labofelo a bo a tlhatlhogela kwa [[:en:Aberystwyth_University|Aberystwyth University]] kwa o fetileng a ithuthuntsha ka Bachelor of Laws (LLB) ka ngwaga wa 2005 le 2008.Storms o ne gape a tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Bristol|University of Bristol]] fa a dira Masters of Laws (LLM) ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>Ayeni, Olamide. [https://fabwoman.ng/folu-storms-biography-profile-fabwoman/ "Everything You Should Know About Folu Storms, ELOY 2018 OAP Of The Year]". ''Fabwoman''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref>Storms o na le diploma in Broadcast Journalism go tswa kwa [[:en:Pan-African_University|Pan-African University.]] == Tiro == Radio and Ndani TV [[Setshwantsho:Adeola Ariyo and Folu Storms on NdaniTV in S Africa (cropped).png|thumb|Modela Adeola Ariyo le Folu Storms mo Afrika Borwa mo motseletseleng wa New Africa.]] Storms o simolotse tiro ya gagwe e le mmueledi ,pele ga a simolola mo seromamowa 92.3 Inspiration fm ka ngwaga wa 2012.O ne a gaisana ka [[:en:MTV_Base_Africa|MTV Base Africa]] VJ search e bile e ne e le mongwe wa ba bararo ba dikgaisano tsa bofelo.F nako ntse e tsamaya Storms o ne a thapiwa ke kompone ya Nigeria ya [[:en:Ndani_TV|Ndani TV]] e le mogasi le motlhatlhelela dikitso ko o neng a dira The New Africa documentary<ref>Admin. "[https://www.stylevitae.com/home-abroad-with-folu-ogunkeye/ Home & Abroad With Folu Ogunkeye]". ''Style Elevate''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> e e neng ya kgethiwa ka documentary award kwa [[:en:2016_Africa_Magic_Viewers_Choice_Awards|2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards.]]<ref>Admin. "[https://awards.thefutureafrica.com/ The Nominees]". ''The Future Africa''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> O ne a tshwaraganetse mokgatho wa Breakast Show kwa Smooth 98.1FM mo Lagos,o ne a santse a dira seo ka ngwaga wa 2019.<ref>Admin. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20190213125432/https://www.mediaguide.ng/folu-storms-turns-year-older-photos/ Folu Storms Turns A Year Older- Photos]". ''Mediaguide''. Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019</ref><ref>Nigeria, Inhouse. "[https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/future-awards-africa-2018-simi-folu-storms-among-winners Future Awards Africa 2018: Simi, Folu Storms among winners]". ''Music In Africa''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Sophie in MTV Shuga in 2020.png|thumb|Go tlhagelela jaaka "Sope" on-line mo "Alone Together"]] Storms o ne a ikgapela 2017 Ebony Life e le mogasi wa setshwantsho sa motshikinyego ka ngwaga<ref>Admin. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240511114232/https://ebonylifetv.com/awards/sa-2017/ Meet the 2017 Honorees]". ''Ebony Life Tv''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> wa 2018 On-Air Personality award ya [[:en:The_Future_Awards_Africa|Future awards]]<ref>Admin. "[./TFAA_2018_WINNERS_LISThttps://awards.thefutureafrica.com/ TFAA 2018 WINNERS LIST]". ''The Future Awards''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> le [[:en:ELOY_Awards|ELOY Awards]].<ref>Admin. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240621210339/https://eloyawards.com/past-recipients/ 2018 recipients]". ''Eloy Awards''. Retrieved 13 February 2019.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> htjedpg3p10wt0wceyskz443od0qpip Ariko Inaoka 0 9847 56963 55089 2026-11-02T00:01:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ariko Inaoka''' ([[:en:Japanese_language|Japanese]]: 稲岡亜里子, o tshotswe kwa Kyoto, ka ngwaga wa 1975) ke mokapaditshwantsho wa kwa Japan, o itsiwe thata ka tiro ya go tsaya malwelana a Iceland dinepe. O itsege gape ka go nna mosimolodi le mong wa [[:en:Owariya|Honke Owariya]], lefelo le go rekisiwang [[:en:Soba|soba]], dijo tse di itsegeng thata kwa Japan. == Bonana jwa gagwe == Mme Ariko Inaoka o tsholetswe kwa [[:en:Kyoto|Kyoto]], teropo e e kwa Japan ka ngwaga wa 1975. Mme Inaoka o ne a tsena High school kwa [[:en:San_Diego|San Diego]] a fetsa ka 1992. Go tswa ka 1995 go ya go tsena ka 1999 o ne a ithuta kwa sekolong se se tona sa [[:en:Parsons_School_of_Design|Parsons School of Design]]. O ne a simolola go berekela badiragatsi ba dibuka (magazines and catalogs) kwa Paris, London, and Japan, a bereka thata mo go tseyeng dinepe tsa diaparo (fashion photography). O feletse a fudugela kwa Tokyo ka 2006<ref name=":0">https://air.studio-yoggy.com/magazine/article/feature-20150417</ref>. == Go Kapa Ditshwantsho == Mme Inaoka o berekile ele mokapaditshwantsho wa diaparo (fashion) ka go farologanya. Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1998 go felela ka ngwaga wa 2002 o ne a bereka mo ''The Number after 10'' a nale [[:en:Claudia_Hill|Claudia Hill]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120222162345/http://claudiahill.com/collaborations/tna10/</ref>. K a 2000, tiro ya gagwe e ne ya lemogiwa ke [[:en:Photo_District_News|Photo District News]] a nna mongwe wa batho ba ba tlhophilweng go nna PDN/Kodak ''30 under 30''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130624145657/http://www.pdngallery.com/gallery/30under30/intro.html</ref>''.'' Tiro ya gagwe ya bogologolo e ne ya gatisiwa ka fa tlase ga leina la '''Ariko''' ([[:en:Latin_script|ka matshwao a se Roma]]) hela. Mme Inaoka o itsewe thata ka tiro ya gagwe ya go tsaya dinepe tsa malwelana a Iceland<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2014/nov/23/ariko-inaokas-photographs-of-devoted-icelandic-sisters-in-pictures</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/nov/23/photography-icelandic-twins-ariko-inaoka-erna-hrefna</ref>, tiro e e ne ya bitswa "The place for my creativity and inspiration<ref>https://slate.com/culture/2014/11/ariko-inaoka-photographs-icelandic-twins-erna-and-hrefna.html</ref>." O ne a kopana le malwelana; Erna and Hrefna [(Maina a a rayang "ntshu (eagle)" le "mohuta wa legakabe (raven)"]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/photography/ariko-inaoka-spent-seven-summers-in-iceland-photographing-twin-sisters/ |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-date=2024-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212445/https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/photography/ariko-inaoka-spent-seven-summers-in-iceland-photographing-twin-sisters/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ka ngwaga wa 2006, mme o ne simolola go ba tsaya ditshwantsho ka ngwaga wa 2009, ba nale dingwaga tse robabongwe (9). O ne a ba tsaya dinepe a ngokiwa ke gore malwelana a ka tswa a nale "telepathic connection"<ref>https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sex-love/news/a33049/icelandic-twins/</ref>. O ba teste dinepe go fitlhela ngwaga wa 2017<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://revela-t.cat/2018/en/portfolio/arikoinaoka-en/ |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-date=2020-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721002257/https://revela-t.cat/2018/en/portfolio/arikoinaoka-en/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Dilo tse dingwe tse Mma Inaoka o ne a di tsaya dinepe e ne ele mafelo le baeti kana bajanala<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://metalmagazine.eu/post/ariko-inaoka-coming-home |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-date=2024-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212445/https://metalmagazine.eu/post/ariko-inaoka-coming-home |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Lefelo la thekiso ya dijo (Restaurant ownership) == [[Setshwantsho:Outside Honke Owariya (13680896895).jpg|thumb|Kgoro ya lefelo la bojelo jwa soba: Honke Owariya]] Mme Inaoka o ne a boela Kyoto ka 2011<ref>http://shinise.tv/honke-owariya/</ref>. Mo nakong ya bogompieno ke mong wa lefelo la [[:en:Owariya|Honke Owariya]], lefelo le le rekisang dijo tsa [[:en:Soba|soba]], ele motho wa bo lesome le borataro (16) go etelelapele level le. Honke Owariya ke ngwe ya mafelo a a bogologolo kwa Kyoto, ebile go lebega ele lefelo la go ja dijo le eleng lone la bogologolo kwa Japan<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.asahi.com/and/article/20200330/401318520/</ref>, kwa batho ba ka nnang teng go ja dijo, lefelo le lle sale le simolola ka ngwaga wa 1465. Mme Inaoka o sala morago tsamaiso ya go dira dijo, o ithutile mo go Rragwe, yo e neng ele mong wa lefelo wa lesome le botlhano (15), Rragwe o ne a ithuta tsamaiso mo go ntatemogoloagwe Mme Ariko, yo ne ele wa lesome le bone (14) go nna motho wa go etelelapele Honke Owariya<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://livejapan.com/en/in-kansai/in-pref-kyoto/in-gion_kawaramachi_kiyomizu-dera-temple/article-a2000017/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212445/https://livejapan.com/en/in-kansai/in-pref-kyoto/in-gion_kawaramachi_kiyomizu-dera-temple/article-a2000017/ |archive-date=2024-06-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Tshupo ya Tiro == * ''Sól.'' Trax gallery ([[:en:Hokuto,_Yamanashi|Hokuto]], Yamanashi), August–September 2008<ref>https://www.tokyoartbeat.com/en/events/-/2008%2F7A06</ref>. * ''Sól.'' Rocket Gallery ([[:en:Jingūmae|Jingūmae]], Tokyo), February 2009<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090210065002/http://www.rocket-jp.com/exhibition/data/2009/sol/</ref>. * ''Om.'' Gallery Target (Jingūmae, Tokyo), April 2011<ref>https://www.tokyoartbeat.com/events/-/2011%2FC78F</ref><ref>https://news.mynavi.jp/techplus/article/20110309-a090/</ref><ref>http://www.akaaka.com/events/ev-110402-ariko.html</ref>. * Opposite～異なる2つのインド = ''Opposite India.'' Slant gallery ([[:en:Kanazawa|Kanazawa]]), April–May 2011. With Yayoi Arimoto (在本彌生)<ref>http://slant.jp/opposite-india%EF%BD%9C/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.transit.ne.jp/contents/info/2011/04/slantpe.php |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-date=2020-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719144125/https://www.transit.ne.jp/contents/info/2011/04/slantpe.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>. * ''One Plus One Is Three.'' 2013 Shin Kong Mitsukoshi International Photography Festival = 2013新光三越國際攝影聯展, Shin Kong Mitsukoshi (Taipei), 2013. With Sean Lotman<ref>https://culture.skm.com.tw/event/2013Photography/series_2.html</ref>. * ''Erna and Hrefna.'' Revela't 2018 (El Festival Internacional de Fotografía Analógica de Vilassar de Dalt), Fábrica Cal Garbat, Vilassar de Dalt, 11–27 May 2018<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://revela-t.cat/2018/en/programme/ |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-date=2021-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018125447/https://revela-t.cat/2018/en/programme/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. * ''Parallel Crossings.'' Ibasho Gallery (Antwerp), January–March 2020. (With Sean Lotman)<ref>https://ibashogallery.com/exhibitions/10/overview/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://agenda.parisphoto.com/detail,parallel-crossings---sean-lotman-ariko-inaoka.htm?zoom=DD100725-1D55-6809-EC5F-0D65DAD1B52A |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-06-10 |archive-date=2024-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212447/https://agenda.parisphoto.com/detail,parallel-crossings---sean-lotman-ariko-inaoka.htm?zoom=DD100725-1D55-6809-EC5F-0D65DAD1B52A |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Dibuka == * ''Key of Life: Hasegawa Kyoko Photobook.'' Tokyo: Pengin Shobō, 2003. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/4-901978-09-8|4-901978-09-8]]. Photographs of [[:en:Kyōko_Hasegawa|Kyōko Hasegawa]] by "Takey" or "Takay" (according to the [[:en:Edition_(book)#Print_run|impression]]) and "Ariko". * ''Sól.'' Tokyo: Akaaka, 2006. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] 978-4-903545-27-1. By "Ariko". * クリスチャニア自由の国に生きるデンマークの奇跡 (''Kurisuchania: Jiyū no kuni ni ikiru Denmāku no kiseki'') = ''The Free Spirits of Christiania.'' Tokyo: Wave, 2017. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-4-86621-089-6|978-4-86621-089-6]]. Text by Kana Shimizu (清水香那), photographs by Inaoka. * ''Eagle and Raven.'' Tokyo: Akaaka, 2020. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-4-86541-111-9|978-4-86541-111-9]]. By Inaoka. == Melaetsa == # ''Sól'' (published 2006) is by Ariko; ''The Free Spirits of Christiania'' (published 2017) is by 稲岡亜里子 (i.e. Ariko Inaoka). # '''^''' Akaaka's [http://www.akaaka.com/publishing/books/ariko-sol.html page about ''Sól'']. # '''^''' Wave's [https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212446/https://www.wave-publishers.co.jp/books/9784866210896/ page about ''The Free Spirits of Christiania'']. # '''^''' Akaaka's [http://www.akaaka.com/news/-eagle-and-raven.html page about ''Eagle and Raven'']. == Metswedi == # [https://www.studio-yoggy.com/article/article/feature/feature-20150417/ 550年間父たちが守ってきたものを学び終えたら、新たな時代に挑戦したい".] ''Studio Yoggy''. 2015-04-20. Retrieved 2018-03-07. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20120222162345/http://claudiahill.com/collaborations/tna10/ "The Number After 10"]. Archived from [https://claudiahill.com/collaborations/tna10/ the original] on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2013-06-10. # LaSala, Anthony (2000). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130624145657/http://www.pdngallery.com/gallery/30under30/intro.html "30 under thirty, Young Photographers to Watch"]. Archived from [http://pdngallery.com/gallery/30under30/intro.html the original] on 2013-06-24. Retrieved 2013-06-10. # Adams, Tim (22 Nov 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2014/nov/23/ariko-inaokas-photographs-of-devoted-icelandic-sisters-in-pictures "Ariko Inaoka's photographs of devoted Icelandic sisters – in pictures"]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 18 July 2020. # Adams, Tim (22 November 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/nov/23/photography-icelandic-twins-ariko-inaoka-erna-hrefna "Never such devoted sisters: In Iceland with Erna and Hrefna"]. The Observer (The Guardian). Retrieved 18 July 2020. # Teicher, Jordan G. (6 November 2014). [https://slate.com/culture/2014/11/ariko-inaoka-photographs-icelandic-twins-erna-and-hrefna.html "The magical life of one pair of Icelandic twins"]. Slate. Retrieved 18 July 2020. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212445/https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/photography/ariko-inaoka-spent-seven-summers-in-iceland-photographing-twin-sisters/ "Ariko Inaoka spent seven summers in Iceland photographing twin sisters"], Juxtapoz, 23 April 2020. Accessed 22 July 2020. # Koman, Tess (10 November 2014). [https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sex-love/news/a33049/icelandic-twins/ "Seven magical photos of identical Icelandic twins"]. Cosmopolitan. Retrieved 18 July 2020. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20200721002257/https://revela-t.cat/2018/en/portfolio/arikoinaoka-en/ "Erna and Hrefna"], Revela't, 2018. # Blazo, Eve Marie. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231003141800/https://metalmagazine.eu/en/post/interview/ariko-inaoka-coming-home "Ariko Inaoka: Coming Home"]. Metal Magazine. Retrieved 18 July 2020. # [http://shinise.tv/honke-owariya/ 京都で一番古い蕎麦屋 本家尾張屋 / 京都 中京区 1465年創業 (寛正六年), 老舗食堂], 5 December 2018. # [https://www.asahi.com/and_w/20200330/1318520/ アイスランドに住む双子の少女の成長を撮り続けた写真集「Eagle and Raven」], Asahi Shimbun Digital [ and ], 30 March 2020. Accessed 22 July 2020. # Myogaya, Nobuhisa (19 March 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212445/https://livejapan.com/en/in-kansai/in-pref-kyoto/in-gion_kawaramachi_kiyomizu-dera-temple/article-a2000017/ "Honke Owariya: Inside The Kyoto Soba Restaurant That Was Founded in 1465 (And Is Still Crazy Popular)"]. ''Live Japan. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200719011607/https://livejapan.com/en/in-kansai/in-pref-kyoto/in-nijo-castle_kyoto-imperial-palace/article-a2000017/ Archived]'' from the original on 2020-07-19. Retrieved 12 April 2021. # [https://www.tokyoartbeat.com/en/events/-/2008%2F7A06 "Ariko 'Sol'"], Tokyo Art Beat. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20090210065002/http://www.rocket-jp.com/exhibition/data/2009/sol/ "Sól"]. Archived from the original on February 10, 2009. # [https://www.tokyoartbeat.com/events/-/2011%2FC78F "Om."] Tokyo Art Beat, 2011. # [https://news.mynavi.jp/techplus/article/20110309-a090/ 写真家・稲岡亜里子(Ariko)写真展「Om」-Gallery Targetにて開催], Mynavi, 9 March 2011. # [http://www.akaaka.com/events/ev-110402-ariko.html Ariko個展「Om」@Gallery Target], 2011. # [http://slant.jp/opposite-india｜/ "Opposite India"], Slant Gallery. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20200719144125/https://www.transit.ne.jp/contents/info/2011/04/slantpe.php 『Opposite～異なる2つのインド』金沢Slantにて写真展開催迫る], Transit, 2011. # [https://culture.skm.com.tw/event/2013Photography/series_2.html "One Plus One Is Three"], Shin Kong Mitsukoshi. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20211018125447/https://revela-t.cat/2018/en/programme/ 2018 programme], Revela't, 2018. # [https://ibashogallery.com/exhibitions/10/overview/ "Parallel crossings: Ariko Inaoka and Sean Lotman"], Ibasho Gallery. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20240610212447/https://agenda.parisphoto.com/detail,parallel-crossings---sean-lotman-ariko-inaoka.htm?zoom=DD100725-1D55-6809-EC5F-0D65DAD1B52A "Parallel crossings: Ariko Inaoka and Sean Lotman"], Paris Photo. == Metswedi e e kwa ntle == * [http://arikoinaoka.com Official website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090401192627/http://www.public-image.org/interview/2009/03/30/ariko.html Interview with Inaoka on Public-Image.org] (in Japanese) * [https://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/slideshow/special-connection-twins-20223374/image-20223618 "Mysterious and magical twins",] ABC News. (Slideshow) 4mlvu1gu6sziaa63lqqab0rm663pqrz Mali 0 10279 56984 55118 2026-11-02T08:45:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic of Mali | common_name = Mali | native_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:85%; |title = {{resize|1.0 em|Official names}} | {{Infobox | subbox=yes | bodystyle=font-size:77%;font-weight:normal; | rowclass1 = mergedrow | label1 = [[Bambara language|Bambara]]: | data1 = {{lang|bm|Mali ka Fasojamana / ߡߊ߬ߟߌ ߞߊ ߝߊߛߏߖߊߡߊߣߊ<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/NkoOfficiel |title=Académie N'Ko Mali ߡߊ߰ߟߌ ߒߞߏ ߟߏ߲ߞߏ߫ ߘߎ߲ߓߎ |website=Twitter.com |author=Académie N’Ko Mali |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514112858/https://twitter.com/NkoOfficiel|archive-date=14 May 2022 |access-date=14 May 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}} | rowclass2 = mergedrow | label3 = [[Hassaniya]]: | data3 = {{lang|mey|جُمْهُورِيَّةْ مَالِي ({{lang|mey-Latn|Jumhūriyyet Māli}})}} | label2 = [[Fula language|Fula]]: | data2 = {{lang|ff|Republik bu Maali / 𞤈𞤫𞤨𞤵𞤦𞤤𞤭𞤳 𞤦𞤵 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭}} | rowclass3 = mergedrow | rowclass4 = mergedrow | label4 = [[Soninke language|Soninke]]: | data4 = {{lang|snk|Mali Tɔgɔbadugu}} | rowclass5 = mergedrow | label5 = [[Tamasheq languages|Tamasheq]]: | data5 = {{lang|taq-Latn|Tagduda n Mali}} / {{lang|taq|ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵉ}} | label6 = [[Songhai language|Songhai]]: | data6 = {{lang|ses-Latn|Mali Laamaa}}}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Mali.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Mali.svg | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Un peuple, un but, une foi"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>{{native phrase|bm|"Mɔgɔ kelen, laɲini kelen, dannaya kelen"}}<br/>"One people, one goal, one faith" | national_anthem = {{native name|fr|"[[Le Mali]]"|italic=no|nolink=on}}{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Malian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga]]}} | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File: Mali (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Mali AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | capital = [[Bamako]] | coordinates = {{Coord|12|39|N|8|0|W|type:city}} | largest_city = Bamako | official_languages = {{nowrap|'''[[Languages of Mali|13 national languages]]'''<ref name="Lingua 2023">{{cite web |url=https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |title=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION |date=22 July 2023 |website=sgg-mali.ml |access-date=26 July 2023 |quote=Article 31 : Les langues nationales sont les langues officielles du Mali. |trans-quote=Article 31: The national languages are the official languages of Mali. |lang=fr |archive-date=8 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="LangNat">{{cite web |url=https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf |title=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2017-0735/P-RM DU 21 AOUT 2017 FIXANT L'ORGANISATION ET LES MODALITES DE FONCTIONNEMENT DES STRUCTURES DE L'EDUCATION NON FORMELLE |date=21 August 2017 |website=sgg-mali.ml |access-date=21 October 2023 |quote=Selon la Loi n°96- 049 du 23 août 1996, les langues nationales du Mali sont : (...) |trans-quote=According to Law No. 96-049 of 23 August 1996, the national languages of Mali are: (...) |lang=fr |archive-date=3 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803235822/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}} {{plainlist| * [[Bambara language|Bambara]] * [[Bobo language|Bobo]] * [[Hassaniya Arabic]] * [[Bozo language|Bozo]] * [[Escarpment Dogon|Dogon, Toro So]] * [[Fula language|Fula]] * [[Kassonke language|Kassonke]] * [[Maninka language|Maninke]] * [[Minyanka language|Minyanka]] * [[Senara language|Senufo, Senara]] * [[Koyraboro Senni|Songhay, Koyraboro Senni]] * [[Soninke language|Soninke]] * [[Tamasheq language|Tamasheq]] }} | languages_type = [[Working language]] | languages = {{unbulleted list|[[French language|French]] (de facto)<ref name="French">{{cite web |url=https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |title=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION |date=22 July 2023 |website=sgg-mali.ml |access-date=26 July 2023 |quote=Article 31 : Le français est la langue de travail. L’Etat peut adopter toute autre langue comme langue de travail. |trans-quote=Article 31: French is the working language. The State may adopt any other language as its working language. |lang=fr |archive-date=8 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}} | demonym = [[Demographics of Mali|Malian]] | area_km2 = 1,240,192 | area_rank = 23rd | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 33.3% [[Bambara people|Bambara]] | 13.3% [[Fula people|Fula]] | 9.6% [[Soninke people|Soninke]] | 9.6% [[Senufo people|Senufo]] / [[Bwa people|Bwa]] | 8.8% [[Mandinka people|Malinke]] | 8.7% [[Dogon people|Dogon]] | 5.9% [[Songhai people|Songhai]] | 3.5% [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]] | 2.1% [[Bobo people|Bobo]] | 4.5% [[Demographics of Mali#Ethnic groups|other]]<ref name="CIA-2021-Mali">{{cite web |author=Central Intelligence Agency |author-link=CIA |title=Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ |website=CIA.gov |access-date=12 January 2010 |date=27 April 2021 |archive-date=30 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ |url-status=live }}</ref> }} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential republic]] under a [[military junta]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Booty |first1=Natasha |last2=Pivac |first2=Mark |title=Assimi Goïta: President gets sweeping powers in new Mali constitution |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66282417 |access-date=4 August 2023 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=23 July 2023 |archive-date=2 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802043804/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66282417 |url-status=live }}</ref> | leader_name1 = [[Assimi Goïta]] (interim) | leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Mali|President]] | leader_title2 = [[List of heads of government of Mali|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Abdoulaye Maïga (officer)|Abdoulaye Maïga]] (interim) | legislature = [[National Assembly (Mali)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of Mali|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Gao Empire]] | established_date1 = c. 7th century | established_event2 = [[Mali Empire]] | established_date2 = c. 1235 | established_event3 = [[Songhai Empire]] | established_date3 = c. 1430s | established_event4 = Establishment of the [[French Sudan|Sudanese Republic]] | established_date4 = 24 November 1958 | established_event5 = Merger with [[Senegal]] to create the [[Mali Federation]] | established_date5 = 4 April 1959 | established_event6 = Independence from France | established_date6 = 20 June 1960 | established_event7 = Dissolution of the Mali Federation | established_date7 = 20 August 1960 | established_event8 = Declaration of the Republic of Mali | established_date8 = 22 September 1960 | area_footnote = <ref name="bbc_com">{{cite web |title=Mali country profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 |website=BBC News |access-date=17 October 2023 |date=19 October 2023 |archive-date=11 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911075500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 |url-status=live }}</ref> | area_sq_mi = 478,839 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]].--> | percent_water = 1.6 | population_estimate = 21,990,607<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Mali|access-date=22 June 2023|year=2023}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2024 | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $61.625 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.ML">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=678,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Mali) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |archive-date=17 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017204907/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=678,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | HDI = 0.410 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | population_density_km2 = 11.7 | population_density_sq_mi = 30.3 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]].--> | population_density_rank = 215th | GDP_PPP_rank = 115th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $2,639<ref name="IMFWEO.ML" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 174th | GDP_nominal_rank = 123rd | GDP_nominal_year = 2023 | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $21.309 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.ML" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $912<ref name="IMFWEO.ML" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 175th | Gini = 33.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2010 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=[[World Bank]] |access-date=2 March 2011 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208203439/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2024 |title=HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2023-24 |url=http://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf |website=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |pages=274–277 |language=en |access-date=3 May 2024 |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501075007/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | HDI_rank = 188th | currency = [[West African CFA franc]] | currency_code = XOF | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = {{sp}} | drives_on = right<ref>[http://www.brianlucas.ca/roadside/ Which side of the road do they drive on?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414073422/http://brianlucas.ca/roadside/ |date=14 April 2012 }} Brian Lucas. August 2005. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | calling_code = [[+223]] | cctld = [[.ml]] | religion_year = 2021 }} Lefatshe la Mali<ref name=":0">/ˈmɑːli/ <sup>ⓘ</sup>; Bambara pronunciation: [<nowiki/>[[:en:Help:IPA|<nowiki>ma.li]</nowiki>]] [[:en:N'Ko_script|N'Ko script]]: ߡߊߟߌ [[:en:Fula_language|Fula]]: 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 [[:en:Arabic_language|Arabic]]: </ref>,le le tlhomamisitsweng ka semmuso go nna Republic of Mali<ref name=":1">[[:en:Bambara_language|Bambara]]: ''Mali ka Fasojamana'', [[:en:N'Ko_script|N'Ko script]]: ߡߊߟߌ ߞߊ ߝߊߛߏߖߊߡߊߣߊ [[:en:Fula_language|Fula]]: 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, <small>omanized:</small> ''Renndaandi Maali'' [[:en:Arabic_language|Arabic]]: جمهورية مالي, <small>[[:en:Romanization_of_Arabic|romanized]]:</small> ''Jumhūriyyāt Mālī''</ref>, ke [[lefatshe le le se nang lewatle]] mo [[Aforika Bophirima]]. [[Ke lefatshe la borobabedi ka bogolo mo Aforika,|Ke]] [[Ke lefatshe la borobabedi ka bogolo mo Aforika,|lefatshe la borobabedi ka bogolo mo Aforika,]] ka bogolo jwa dikilometara tse di fetang 1,240,192 (478,841 sq mi).<ref name=":2">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 Mali country profile]". ''BBC News''. 19 October 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230911075500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 Archived] from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.</ref>Ke lefatshe le le dikologilwe ke [[Algeria]] kwa bokone, [[Niger]] kwa botlhaba, [[Mauritania]] kwa bokonebophirima, [[Burkina Faso]] le [[Ivory Coast]] kwa borwa, le [[Guinea]] le [[Senegal]] kwa bophirima. Palo ya batho ba kwa Mali e ka nna 23,290,000<ref name=":3">[https://population.un.org/wpp/ World Population Prospects 2022"]. [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,]] Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.</ref> <ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100]" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved</ref>47.19% ya bone go akantswe gore ba tla bo ba le ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano 15 ka 2024. [[Toropokgolo]] ya yone le toropo e kgolo ke [[Bamako]]. Ke lefatshe le le nang le dipuo di le lesome le boraro 13 tsa semolao, mme [[Bambara]] ke yone e e buiwang thata. [[Melelwane]] e e kwa bokone ya lefatshe le e e ikemetseng ka nosi e fitlha kwa tengteng ga [[Sekaka sa Sahara]]. Karolo e e kwa borwa jwa lefatshe ,mo bontsi jwa baagi ba lone ba nnang kwa go sone, le le mo [[sekgweng sa Sudan]] mme se na le dinoka tsa [[Niger]] le [[Senegal]] tse di elelang mo go sone. itsholelo ya lefatshe e ikaegile ka temothuo le meepo ka metswedi ya lone ya tlholego e e tlhagelelang go akaretsa [[gouta]] (e e leng yone e e tlhagisang go gaisa mo Aforika)<ref name=":0" /> le [[letswai]]. <ref name=":1" /> Mali e ne e le karolo ya mebuso e meraro e e maatla e bile e humile ya [[Aforika Bophirima]] e e neng e laola [[kgwebo]] ya [[kwa moseja ga Sahara]]: [[Mmusomogolo wa Ghana]] (o [[Ghana]] e neng ya reelelwa leina la one), [[Mmusomogolo wa Mali]] (o Mali e reeletsweng leina la one), le [[Mmusomogolo wa Songhai]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1300, Mmusomogolo wa Mali e ne e le lefatshe le le humileng go gaisa mo Aforika<ref name=":2" /> le mmusimogolo wa lone wa lekgolo la bo lesome le bone 14 la dingwaga [[Mansa Musa]] yo go dumelwang gore e ne e le mongwe wa batho ba ba humileng go gaisa mo ditsong.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">[https://www.theweek.co.uk/news/people/954992/who-is-the-richest-person-of-all-time Who is the richest person of all time?]". ''The Week UK''. December 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220316215840/https://www.theweek.co.uk/news/people/954992/who-is-the-richest-person-of-all-time Archived] from the original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.</ref>[ Kwa ntle ga go nna lefelo la kgwebisano le meepo, Mali ya bogare e ne e le lefelo la [[tumelo ya Islam]], setso le kitso, ka [[Timbuktu]] e nna lefelo le le itsegeng la thuto ka [[madikolo]] ya yone, nngwe ya tsa bogologolo mo lefatsheng mme e santse e dira.[[Mmusomogolo wa Songhai]] o ne wa gapa mmusomogolo oo ka ngwaga wa 1468, o o neng wa latelwa ke sesole sa [[Saadian]] se se neng [[sa fenya Songhai ka 1591]]. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe 19, ka nako ya [[go lwela Aforika]], France e ne ya gapa taolo ya lefatshe la Mali, ya e dira karolo ya [[French Sudan]]; jaaka Republic of Sudan, go ne ga tlhamiwa [[kopano e khutshwane le Senegal]], go fitlhelela boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1960. Morago ga go ikgogela morago ga lefatshe la Senegal, Republic of Mali e ne ya tlhomiwa. Morago ga lobaka lo loleele lwa puso ya lekoko le le lengwe fela, go ne ga nna le phetogo ya puso ka ngwaga wa 1991 e e neng ya dira gore go tlhamiwe molao motheo o mosha le go tlhomiwa ga puso ya batho ka batho ya makoko a mantsi kwa lefatsheng la Mali. Ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka 2012, [[go ne ga tsoga ntwa kwa bokone jwa Mali]], e mo go yone [[ditsuolodi tsa Ba-Tuareg]] di neng tsa laola kgaolo e e kwa bokone, mme ka Moranang [[ba ne ba bolela]] gore lefatshe le le ntšha la [[Azawad]]<ref name=":6">[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/07/world/africa/mali-rebels-proclaim-independent-state-in-north.html?_r=1&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1333728086-ZXpwSz3KFqUnA4lteq4j4w Polgreen, Lydia and Cowell, Alan (6 April 2012) "Mali Rebels Proclaim Independent State in North]" Archived 28 July 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], ''The New York Times''</ref> le kgaogane le bone. Kgotlhang e ne ya rarabololwa ke [[go menola puso ga sesole]] ka Mopitlwe 2012 <ref name=":7">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html UN Security Council condemns Mali coup] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201128100600/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html Archived] 28 November 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Telegraph (23 March 2012). Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref>mme morago ga moo go ne ga nna le ntwa magareng ga Ba-Tuareg le makoko a mangwe a ditsoulodi. Go tsibogela diphitlhelelo tsa kgaolo, sesole sa France se ne sa simolola [[Operation Serval]] ka Hirikgong 2013.<ref name=":8">[http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2013/01/12/la-france-demande-une-acceleration-de-la-mise-en-place-de-la-force-internationale-au-mali_1816033_3212.html "Mali – la France a mené une série de raids contre les islamistes]". ''Le Monde''. 12 January 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171020023450/http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2013/01/12/la-france-demande-une-acceleration-de-la-mise-en-place-de-la-force-internationale-au-mali_1816033_3212.html Archived] from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2013.</ref> Kgwedi morago ga moo, masole a Malian le a France a ne a gapa karolo e kgolo ya bokone, le fa gone ntwa e ne ya tswelela. [[Ditlhopho tsa botautona]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka di 28 Phukwi 2013, mme go ne ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tsa bobedi ka di 11 Phatwe, mme [[ditlhopho tsa kgotlapeomolao]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka di 24 Ngwanatsele le 15 Sedimonthole 2013. Mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa ngwaga wa 2020, Mali e ne ya tlhaselwa gabedi ke masole a ga [[Assimi Goïta]]. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la Mali le tserwe mo leineng la Mmusomogolo wa Mali. Le raya "lefelo le kgosi e nnang mo go lone"<ref name=":9">Wolny, Philip (15 December 2013). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=u5HnAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 Discovering the Empire of Mali]''. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 7. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781477718896|9781477718896]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210416180418/https://books.google.com/books?id=u5HnAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 Archived] from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</ref>mme le kaya nonofo.<ref name=":10">Sasnett, Martena Tenney; Sepmeyer, Inez Hopkins (1 January 1967). ''[[iarchive:educationalsyste0000sasn|Educational Systems of Africa: Interpretations for Use in the Evaluation of Academic Credentials]]''. University of California Press. pp[[iarchive:educationalsyste0000sasn/page/673|. 673.]]</ref> Motsamai wa Mo-Maghreb wa lekgolo la bo lesome le bone 14 la dingwaga ebong Ibn Battuta o ne a bega gore motsemogolo wa mmusomogolo ono o ne o bidiwa Mali.<ref name=":11">Imperato, Pascal James; Imperato, Gavin H. (25 April 2008). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=zf6xAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231 Historical Dictionary of Mali]''. Scarecrow Press. p. 231. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780810864023|9780810864023]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210827043448/https://books.google.com/books?id=zf6xAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231 Archived] from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020</ref><ref name=":12">[[:en:Djibril_Tamsir_Niane|Niane, Djibril]] (1965). ''Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali''</ref> Ngwao nngwe ya [[Ba-Mandinka]] e bolela gore mmusimogolo wa ntlha yo go buiwang ka ene e bong [[Sundiata Keita]] o ne a iphetola motlhaba-noka fa a sena go swela mo [[Nokeng ya Sankarani]] le gore go ne go ka kgonega gore go bonwe metsana mo lefelong la noka eno e e bidiwang "Mali wa bogologolo". Patlisiso ya seane sa kwa Mali e lemogile gore kwa Mali wa bogologolo, go na le motse o o bidiwang Malikoma, o o rayang "Mali o Mosha", le gore Mali e ka tswa e kile ya bo e le leina la toropo. <ref name=":13">Aku Adjandeh, Evelyn (July 2014). [http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf "A STUDY OF PROVERBS IN THINGS FALL APART AND SUNDIATA: AN EPIC OF OLD MALI (SUNDIATA])" (PDF). University of Ghana, Legon – Institute of African Studies. p. 100. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170320054429/http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017</ref> Kgopolo e nngwe e kaya gore Mali ke tsela ya [[Ba-Fulani]] ya go bitsa leina la [[Ba-Mande]].<ref name=":15">Graft-Johnson, John Coleman De (1 January 1986)[https://books.google.com/books?id=LY5Lmc-To7cC&pg=PA92 . ''African Glory: The Story of Vanished Negro Civilizations'']. Black Classic Press. p. 92. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780933121034|9780933121034]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210416180445/https://books.google.com/books?id=LY5Lmc-To7cC&pg=PA92 Archived] from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</ref><ref name=":16">Fyle, C. Magbaily (1999). ''[[iarchive:introductiontohi0001fyle|Introduction to the History of African Civilization: Precolonial Africa]]''. University Press of America. pp. [[iarchive:introductiontohi0001fyle/page/11|11.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780761814566|9780761814566]]</bdi>.</ref>Go akantshiwa gore modumo o o fetogileng o tlhodile phetogo e, ka gore mo puong ya Fulani karolo ya alveolar /nd/ e fetogela go /l/ mme segalo sa konokono sa segalo se a nyelela se bo se tlhatloga, se dira gore "Manden" e fetoge go nna /mali/.<ref name=":17">Aku Adjandeh, Evelyn (July 2014). "A [http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf STUDY OF PROVERBS IN THINGS FALL APART AND SUNDIATA: AN EPIC OF OLD MALI (SUNDIATA)"] (PDF). University of Ghana, Legon – Institute of African Studies. p. 100. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170320054429/http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017</ref> == Ditso == '''Pele ga go nna kolone''' [[Setshwantsho:MALI empire map.PNG|thumb|The extent of the [[:en:Mali_Empire|Mali Empire's]] peak]] [[Setshwantsho:Timbuktu-manuscripts-astronomy-mathematics.jpg|thumb|The pages above are from [[:en:Timbuktu_Manuscripts|Timbuktu Manuscripts]] written in Sudani script (a form of [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]) from the [[:en:Mali_Empire|Mali Empire]] showing established knowledge of astronomy and mathematics. Today there are close to a million of these manuscripts found in [[:en:Timbuktu|Timbuktu]] alone.]] Botaki jwa maje a [[Sahara]] bo bontsha gore batho ba ne ba nna kwa bokone jwa Mali go tloga ka 10.000 B.C., fa Sahara e ne e le naga e e nonneng e bile e na le diphologolo tse dintsi tsa naga. Ditswaiso tsa bogologolo tsa letsopa di fitlhetswe kwa lefelong la Ounjougou kwa bogareng jwa Mali le le agilweng ka dingwaga tse di ka nnang 9 400 pele ga ga Keresete, mme go dumelwa gore ke sekai sa go itlhamelwa ga letsopa mo kgaolong eo.<ref name=":18">Eric Huysecom, M. Rasse, L. Lespez, K. Neumann, A. Fahmy, A. Ballouche, S. Ozainne, M. Maggetti, Ch. Tribolo, S. Sorian: The emergence of pottery in Africa during the tenth millennium cal BC: new evidence from Ounjougou (Mali), in: Antiquity (2009), p. 906.</ref>Temothuo e ne ya simololwa ka 5000 BC mme tshipi e ne ya dirisiwa ka 500 BC. Mo ngwagakgolong wa ntlha pele ga Keresete, metse le ditoropo tsa bogologolo di ne tsa tlhamiwa ke batho ba Mande ba ba amanang le [[batho ba Soninke]], go bapa le noka ya Niger e e fa gare mo bogareng jwa Mali, go akaretsa [[Dia]] e e simolotseng go tloga ka 900 pele ga Keresete, <ref name=":19">Arazi, Noemie. "[http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444342/1/U591645.pdf Tracing History in Dia, in the Inland Niger Delta of Mali -Archaeology, Oral Traditions and Written Sources]" (PDF). ''University College London''. Institute of Archaeology. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220213144217/http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1444342/1/U591645.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2021</ref>mme ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng sa yone go tloga ka 600 pele ga Keresete,le [[Djenne-Djenno]], e e tsereng sebaka go tloga ka 300 pele ga Keresete go fitlha ka 900 morago ga Keresete.Mo lekgolong la borataro la dingwaga AD, kgwebo e e neng e dira madi a mantsi ya go rekisa gauta, letswai le makgoba e ne ya simologa, e leng se se neng sa dira gore go nne le mebuso e megolo ya Aforika Bophirima. Go na le ditemana di le mmalwa tse di buang ka Mali mo dibukeng tsa bogologolo tsa tumelo ya Islam. Gareng ga tsona go na le ditshupiso tsa "Pene" le "Malal" mo tirong ya [[al-Bakri]] ka 1068,<ref name=":20">al-Bakri in Nehemiah Levtzion and J. F. Pl Hopkins, eds and trans., ''Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History'' (New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1981, reprint edn Princeton, New Jersey,: Marcus Wiener, 2000), pp. 82–83</ref> kgang ya go sokologa ga mmusi wa bogologolo, yo o neng a itsiwe ke [[Ibn Khaldun]] (ka 1397) jaaka Barmandana, <ref name=":21">ibn Khaldun in Levtzion and Hopkins, eds, and transl. ''Corpus'', p. 333.</ref>le dintlha di le mmalwa tsa thutafatshe mo tirong ya [[al-Idrisi]].<ref>al-Idrisi in Levtzion and Hopkins, eds. and transl, ''Corpus'', p. 108.</ref> Mali e kile ya bo e le karolo ya mebuso e meraro e e tumileng ya [[Aforika Bophirima e e neng e laola kgwebo]] ya gauta, letswai, dilwana tse dingwe tse di tlhwatlhwakgolo le [[makgoba]], segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga [[Mansa Musa]] go tloga ka c. 1312 -  c. 1337.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&wvprov=sticky-header#Prof Mali country profile], p. 1</ref>[ [[Dikgosi tse tsa Sahelian]] di ne di sena melelwane e e thata ya sepolotiki kgotsa ditso tse di thata. <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&wvprov=sticky-header#Prof Mali country profile], p. 1</ref>[<nowiki/>[[Puso ya Ghana,]] e ne e laolwa ke [[Soninke]], batho ba ba buang [[SeMande]].<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&wvprov=sticky-header#Prof Mali country profile], p. 1.</ref> Mmusomogolo o ne wa atologa go ralala Aforika Bophirima go tloga ka ngwagakgolo wa boroba bobedi go fitlha ka 1078, fa o ne o fenngwa ke [[Ba-Almoravids]].<ref>[[Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:GriotsSambala.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Griot|Griots]] of [[:en:Sambala|Sambala]], king of Médina ([[:en:Fula_people|Fula people]], Mali), 1890. Photo by [[:en:Joannès_Barbier|Joannès Barbier]].]] [[Setshwantsho:TombouctouPachalik 4.png|thumb|Map of the [[:en:Pashalik_of_Timbuktu|Pashalik of Timbuktu]] (yellow-striped) as part of the [[:en:Saadi_dynasty|Saadi dynasty of Morocco]] (outlined black) within the [[:en:Songhai_Empire|Songhai Empire]] (outlined red), {{Circa|1591}}]] [[Ntwa ya kwa Kirina]] ka ngwaga wa 1235, e ne ya felela ka phenyo ya [[Ba-Mandinka]] ba ba neng ba eteletswe pele ke kgosana e e neng e le kwa botshwarwa e bong [[Sundiata Keita]], e e neng ya dira gore [[Mmusomogolo wa Sosso]] o phutlhame. [[Mmusomogolo wa Mali]] o ne wa tlhamiwa kwa godimo ga [[Noka ya Niger]], mme wa fitlha kwa setlhoeng sa maatla a one ka lekgolo la bo lesome le bone 14 la dingwaga. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Ka fa tlase ga Mmusomogolo wa Mali, ditoropo tsa bogologolo tsa [[Djenné]] le [[Timbuktu]] e ne e le ditikwatikwe tsa kgwebo le thuto ya tumeIo ya Islam.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Mmusomogolo ono o ne wa wa moragonyana ka ntlha ya maano a a neng a le teng mo teng ga one, mme kgabagare o ne wa tseelwa sebaka ke [[Mmusomogolo wa Songhai]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Songhai e ne e le maatla a magolo kwa Afrika Bophirima a a neng a laolwa ke Mmusomogolo wa Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le bone 14, Ba-Songhai ba ne ba bona boipuso jwa bone go tswa mo Pusong ya Mali mme ba atologa, mme kgabagare ba nna karolo ya karolo yotlhe ya botlhaba ya mmusomogolo wa Mali .<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Go phutlhama ga Mmusomogolo wa Songhai e ne e le ka ntlha ya [[tlhaselo ya Ma-Morocco]] ka 1591 ka fa tlase ga taolo ya [[Judar Pasha]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Go wa ga Mmusomogolo wa Songhai go ne ga supa go fela ga seabe sa kgaolo eno jaaka lefelo la kgwebo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Morago ga [[Go tlhamiwa ga ditsela tsa lewatle ke mebuso ya Europe|go tlhamiwa ga ditsela tsa lewatle ke mebuso ya]] [[Go tlhamiwa ga ditsela tsa lewatle ke mebuso ya Europe|Europe]], ditsela tsa kgwebo tsa trans-Sahara di ne tsa latlhegelwa ke botlhokwa. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Ka nako eo, khumo e ntsi ya Mmusomogolo wa Mali e ne ya oketsa dithoto tsa yone tsa kgwebo tsa [[letswai]] le [[gauta.]] Lengwe la [[mauba]] a a maswe go gaisa otlhe a a kileng a nna teng mo eo le diragetse ka lekgolo la bo lesome le le boferabobedi 18 la dingwaga. Go ya ka [[John Iliffe]], "Matlhotlhapelo a a maswe go gaisa e ne e le ka dingwaga tsa bo 1680, fa leuba le ne le anama go tswa kwa lotshitshing lwa Senegambian go ya kwa Upper Nile mme 'bontsi ba ne ba ithekisa go nna makgoba, fela go bona dijo,' mme segolo thata ka 1738 - 1756, fa bothata jo bogolo jo bo begilweng jwa go tshela jwa Aforika Bophirima, ka ntlha ya komelelo le tsie, go begwa gore bo bolaile sephatlho sa baagi ba [[Timbuktu]].<ref>[[:en:John_Iliffe_(historian)|John Iliffe]] (2007) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=bNGN2URP_rUC Africans: the history of a continent]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20150906225011/https://books.google.com/books?id=bNGN2URP_rUC&pg=&dq&hl=en Archived] 6 September 2015 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Cambridge University Press. p. 69. ISBN 0-521-68297-5</ref> == '''Puso ya Bokolone ya mmuso wa France''' == [[Setshwantsho:Africa. French West Africa. Currently the most important efforts of the Office du Niger are directed toward the... - NARA - 541637.jpg|thumb|Cotton being processed in [[:en:Niono|Niono]] into {{convert|400|lb|kg|abbr=on|order=flip}} bales for export to other parts of Africa and to France, c. 1950]] Mali e ne ya wela ka fa tlase ga taolo ya mmuso wa France ka nako ya [[go lwela Aforika]] kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe 19. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>Ka 1905, bontsi jwa kgaolo e ne e le ka fa tlase ga taolo ya France jaaka karolo ya [[French Sudan]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile.]] Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 1915, go ne ga tsoga khuduego e [[kgolo e e kgatlhanong le France]] mo merafeng e e mo dikgaolong tsa gompieno tsa Mali le Burkina Faso. <ref>[http://www.cairn.info/revue-autrepart-2003-2-page-35.htm#no3 La guerre coloniale du Bani-Volta, 1915-1916 (Burkina Faso, Mali)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171029121219/http://www.cairn.info/revue-autrepart-2003-2-page-35.htm#no3 Archived] 29 October 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback]] Machine, Autrepart, 2003</ref>Kganetso ya bofelo e ne ya gatelelwa fela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse1916. Ka nako ya fa go ne go gateletswe, metse e e fetang lekgolong 100 e ne ya senngwa ke masole a bokolone a France.<ref>''14-18 Étions-nous bien défendus ?'', Jean-Claude Flament, Société des écrivains, 2014</ref> Ka di 24 Ngwanaitsele 1958, Sudan ya France (e e neng ya fetola leina la yona go nna Republic of Sudan) e ne ya nna republic e e ipusang mo teng ga [[Setšhaba sa France]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Independent Mali]". Britannica. 1946. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201119042637/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Archived] from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2021.</ref>Ka Hirikgong 1959, Mali le [[Senegal]] di ne tsa kopana go nna [[Mokgatlho wa Mali]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Independent Mali]". Britannica. 1946. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201119042637/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Archived] from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2021.</ref> == '''Boipuso''' == Mokgatlho wa Mali o ne wa bona boipuso go tswa mo lefatsheng la France ka di 20 Seetebosigo 1960.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>Senegal e ne ya ikgogela morago mo kopanong ka Phatwe 1960, e e neng ya letla Republic of Sudan go nna Republic e e ikemetseng ya Mali ka di 22 Lwetse 1960, mme letsatsi leo jaanong ke [[Letsatsi la Boipuso]] jwa lefatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180920234345/http://maliembassy.us/index.php/2012-02-27-16-59-35/public-holidays Public Holidays]". ''Embassy of the Republic of Mali to the United States''. Archived from [http://maliembassy.us/index.php/2012-02-27-16-59-35/public-holidays the original] on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018</ref> [[Modibo Keïta]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna tautona wa ntlha. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>O ne a tlhoma puso ya lekoko le le lengwe ka bonako, a tsaya tsela e e ikemetseng ya Aforika le ya bojammogo e e nang le dikamano tse di gaufi le Botlhaba, mme a tsenya mo tirisong bosetšhaba jo bo tseneletseng jwa metswedi ya itsholelo. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile.]] Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>Ka 1960, palo ya batho ba kwa Mali e ne e begwa e le di dikadike di le 4.1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130530011412/http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/897ce24a48d43c82802565f700407640 Core document forming part of the reports of states parties: Mali.] United Nations Human Rights Website.</ref>Ka di 19 Ngwanatsele 1968, morago ga go wela tlase ga itsholelo, puso ya ga Keïta e ne ya thankgolwa ka ntwa ya sesole e e neng e eteletswe pele ke [[Moussa Traoré]],<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>letsatsi le jaanong le ketekwang jaaka [[letsatsi la kgololesego]].<ref>"[http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/mali-liberation/ Liberation Day Commemorated in Mali]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042457/http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/mali-liberation/ Archived] from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.</ref> == '''Puso ya ga Moussa Traoré''' == [[Setshwantsho:Place de la liberté - Bamako.jpg|thumb|WWI Commemorative Monument to the "Armée Noire"]] Puso e e neng ya latela e e neng e eteletswe pele ke masole, e Traoré e neng e le tautona wa yone, e ne ya leka go fetola itsholelo. Maiteko a gagwe a ne a kgorelediwa ke tlhakatlhakano ya sepolotiki le [[komelelo]] e e senyang go tloga ka 1968 go fitlha ka 1974, <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>e mo go yone leuba le bolaileng diketekete tsa batho.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4132326.stm Mali's nomads face famine] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210224054313/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4132326.stm Archived] 24 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". BBC News. 9 August 2005</ref>Puso ya ga Traoré e ne ya lebana le dikhuduego tsa baithuti tse di simolotseng kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1970 le maiteko a mararo a go menola puso. Puso ya ga Traoré e ne ya gatelela batho botlhe ba ba neng ba sa dumalane le puso go fitlha kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1980.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 3</ref> Kganetso kgatlhanong le puso e e neng e le ya bonweenwee le ya bokgokgontshi ya Mojenerale Moussa Traoré e ne ya gola ka dingwaga tsa bo1980. Ka nako eno dithulaganyo tse di gagametseng, tse di neng di diretswe go kgotsofatsa dikopo tsa Letlole la Madi la Boditšhabatšhaba, di ne tsa lere mathata a a oketsegileng mo baaging ba lefatshe leo, fa batho ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba ba neng ba le gaufi le puso ba ne ba tshela ka dikhumo tse di neng di oketsega. Puso e ne ya tswelela go leka go dira diphetogo tsa itsholelo ,mme batho ba ne ba sa kgotsofala ka gope. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>Go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di golang tsa mmuso wa batho ka batho wa makoko a mantsi, puso ya ga Traoré e letleletse kgololesego e e lekanyeditsweng ya sepolotiki kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo1980, fela e ne ya gana go tsenya tirisong tsamaiso ya mmuso wa batho ka batho o o tletseng. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref> Ka 1990, mekgatlho ya kganetso e e kopaneng e ne ya simolola go tlhagelela, mme e ne ya tlhakatlhakanngwa ke go tlhatloga ga tirisodikgoka ya semorafe kwa bokone morago ga go boa ga [[Ba-Tuareg]] ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba fudugetse kwa [[Algeria]] le [[Libya]] ka nako ya komelelo. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>Ditshupetso tsa kagiso tsa baithuti ka Hirikgong 1991 di ne tsa thibelwa setlhogo, ka go tshwarwa ga bontsi le go tlhokofadiwa ga baeteledipele le batsayakarolo. <ref>Mali March 1991 Revolution</ref>Go ne ga latela ditiro tse di neng di tletse tsa dikhuduego le go senngwa ga dikago tsa setšhaba, mme bontsi jwa ditiro tse di neng di dirwa ke ba ba neng ba ganetsa di ne di sa dirwe ka dikgoka.<ref>Mali March 1991 Revolution</ref> Go tloga ka 22 Mopitlo go fitlha ka di 26 Mopitlo 1991, go ne ga tshwarwa dikokoano tse dikgolo tse di neng di buelela puso ya batho ka batho le ditshupegetso tsa setšhaba tsotlhe mo ditoropong le kwa magaeng, tse di neng tsa itsege jaaka les évenements ("ditiragalo") kgotsa Phetogo ya Mopitlo. Kwa Bamako, go arabela ditshupegetso tse dikgolo tse di neng di rulagantswe ke baithuti ba mmadikolo mme moragonyana di ne tsa kopanngwa ke ba mokgatlho wa badiri le ba bangwe, masole a ne a thuntsha batho ba ba neng ba dira ditshupegetso tse di se nang thubakanyo. Go ne ga nna le dikhuduego ka bonako fela morago ga go thuntshiwa. Go ne ga agiwa ditshipi le go thibelwa ditsela mme Traoré o ne a bolela gore maemo a tshoganyetso a ne a le teng mme a tlhoma molao wa gore go se ka ga tsamaiwa bosigo. Le fa go ne go fopholediwa gore go sule batho ba le 300 mo malatsing a le mane, batho ba ba neng ba dira ditshupegetso ba ne ba tswelela go boela kwa Bamako letsatsi le letsatsi ba batla gore tautona wa puso ya bobusaesi a tlogele tiro le gore go tsenngwe melao ya puso ya batho ka batho mo tirisong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110616222251/http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 Nesbitt, Katherine. "Mali's March Revolution (1991])". International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. Archived from [http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 the original] on 16 June 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2012</ref> Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le borataro 26,ka ngwaga wa 1991 ke letsatsi le le tshwayang kgotlhang e e neng ya nna teng fa gare ga masole le baithuti ba ba neng ba dira ditshupegetso ka kagiso e e neng ya felela ka gore go bolawe batho ba le bantsi ka fa tlase ga ditaelo tsa ga Traoré. Moragonyana ene le ditsala tsa gagwe tse tharo ba ne ba sekisiwa mme ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa loso ka ntlha ya seabe sa bone mo go direng ditshwetso mo letsatsing leo. Gompieno, letsatsi le ke letsatsi la boikhutso la bosetšhaba go gopola ditiragalo tse di botlhoko le batho ba ba bolailweng.<ref>Bussa, Edward (26 March 2009). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20120324235624/http://www.threadster.com/2009/03/mali-march-to-democracy/ Mali's March to Democracy]". ''Threadster.com''. Archived from [http://www.threadster.com/2009/03/mali-march-to-democracy/ the original] on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2012</ref><ref>Mohsin, Haroon (18 August 2022). "[https://nationaltoday.com/martyrs-day-in-mali/ Martyr's Day in Mali]". ''National Today''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231017204906/https://nationaltoday.com/martyrs-day-in-mali/ Archived] from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.</ref>Sesole sa ditlhakana tlhogo se se gakologelwa jaaka [[Phetogo ya Mopitlo ya ngwaga wa 1991]] ya kwa Mali.<ref>Turrittin, Jane (1991). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005962 Mali: People Topple Traoré]". ''Review of African Political Economy''. '''18''' (52): 97–103. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03056249108703927|10.1080/03056249108703927.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-6244 0305-6244]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005962 4005962]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230209170251/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005962 Archived] from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023</ref> Ka di 26 Mopitlo, masole a ne a gana go thuntsha bontsi jwa batho ba ba neng ba le mo boipelaetsong, mme seno se ne sa felela ka dikhuduego tse di neng tsa felela ka gore diketekete tsa masole di tlogele dibetsa tsa tsone mme di ikgolaganye le mokgatlho o o neng o buelela mmuso wa batho ka batho. Mo thapameng eo, [[Lt. Col. Amadou Toumani Touré]] o ne a itsise ka radio gore o tshwere tautona wa mmusaesi, Moussa Traoré. == '''Puso ya Batho ka Batho ya makoko a mantsi''' == Mekgatlho ya kganetso e ne ya letlelelwa ka semolao, puso ya nakwana e ne ya tlhomiwa mme kopano ya bosetšhaba ya ditlhopha tsa selegae le tsa sepolotiki e ne ya kopana go kwala [[molaomotheo o montšhwa wa puso ya batho ka batho]] o o neng o tshwanetse go dumelelwa ke tumalano ya bosetšhaba.<ref>Nesbitt, Katherine. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110616222251/http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 Mali's March Revolution (1991)]". International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. Archived from [http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 the original] on 16 June 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2012</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>Ka 1992, [[Alpha Oumar Konaré]] o ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa mmuso wa batho ka batho, tsa makoko a mantsi tsa botautona, pele a tlhophiwa gape go tsaya maemo a bobedi ka 1997, e e neng e le ya bofelo go dumelelwa ka fa tlase ga molaomotheo. [[Amadou Toumani Touré]], mo general yo o tlogetseng tiro yo e neng e le moeteledipele wa letlhakore la sesole la tsogologo ya puso ya batho ka batho ya ngwaga wa 1991, o ne a tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa 2002. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 4</ref>Ka nako ya puso ya batho ka batho, Mali e ne e tsewa jaaka nngwe ya mafatshe a a tlhomameng mo dipolotiking le mo loagong mo Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101111133055/http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/countries/mali/ USAID Africa: Mali]. USAID. Retrieved 15 May 2008. Retrieved</ref> [[Bokgoba]] bo sa ntse bo le teng kwa Mali gompieno ka batho ba ba ka nnang 200 000 ba ba tshwerweng ka tlhamalalo ke beng ba bone.<ref>Tran, Mark (23 October 2012). "[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Mali conflict puts freedom of 'slave descendants' in peril"]. ''The Guardian''. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005100538/http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Archived] from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2012</ref> Ka nako ya Kgaratlho ya [[Ba-Tuareg ya 2012]], makgoba a maloba e ne e le setlhopha sa batho ba ba neng ba sa sireletsega mme go ne ga begwa gore makgoba mangwe a ne a thopiwa gape ke beng ba bone ba pele.<ref>York, Geoffrey (11 November 2012). [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/mali-chaos-gives-rise-to-slavery-persecution/article5186368/ "Mali chaos gives rise to slavery, persecution".] ''The Globe and Mail''. Toronto. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161129023715/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/mali-chaos-gives-rise-to-slavery-persecution/article5186368/ Archived] from the original on 29 November 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2017.</ref> == '''Dikgotlhang kwa Bokone jwa Mali''' == [[Setshwantsho:Le Mali confronté aux sanctions et à lavancée des rebelles islamistes (6904946068).jpg|thumb|Tuareg separatist rebels in Mali, January 2012]] Ka Hirikgong 2012 go ne ga simololwa [[botsuolodi jwa Ba-Tuareg]] kwa bokone jwa Mali, bo eteletswe pele ke [[Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Kgololo ya Azawad]] (MNLA). <ref>[http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Mali-clashes-force-120-000-from-homes-20120222 Mali clashes force 120 000 from homes] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171010190149/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Mali-clashes-force-120-000-from-homes-20120222 Archived] 10 October 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. News24 (22 February 2012). Retrieved 23 February 2012.</ref>Ka Mopitlo, modiredi wa sesole [[Amadou Sanogo]] o ne a tsaya puso ka [[go menola puso]], a bua ka go retelelwa ga ga Touré mo go thibeleng botsuolodi, mme seo sa dira gore go nne le dikiletso le thibelo ke [[Economic Community of West African States.]]<ref>Callimachi, Rukmini (3 April 2012) [https://web.archive.org/web/20120404171138/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/post-coup-mali-hit-with-sanctions-by-african-neighbours/article2390504/ "Post-coup Mali hit with sanctions by African neighbours".] ''Globe and Mail''. Retrieved </ref>MNLA e ne ya tsaya taolo ya bokone ka bonako, ya bolela boipuso jwa yona jaaka [[Azawad]].<ref>[http://www.france24.com/en/20120406-france-24-exclusive-tuareg-rebels-declare-independence-mlna-mali-ansar-dine-azawad Tuareg rebels declare independence in north Mali]". France 24. 6 April 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120408061146/http://www.france24.com/en/20120406-france-24-exclusive-tuareg-rebels-declare-independence-mlna-mali-ansar-dine-azawad Archived] from the original on 8 April 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2012</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ditlhopha tsa Islamist, go akaretsa [[Ansar Dine]] le [[Al-Qaeda mo Islamic Maghreb (AQIM]][[)]], ba ba neng ba thusitse MNLA go fenya puso, ba ne ba retologela go Tuareg mme ba tsaya taolo ya bokone<ref>Tiemoko Diallo; Adama Diarra (28 June 2012). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mali-crisis-idUSBRE85R15720120628 "Islamists declare full control of Mali's north]". ''Reuters''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200815183330/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mali-crisis/islamists-declare-full-control-of-malis-north-idUSBRE85R15720120628 Archived] from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2012.</ref> ka maikaelelo a go tsenya tirisong molao wa [[sharia]] kwa Mali.<ref>[https://archive.today/20121216092840/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h7XMRIbuZL6BjKF-U-RbRw5W30GA?docId=CNG.03a07b9823792a080c03447fb210148d.121 Mali Islamists want sharia not independence]". Agence France-Presse. 20 June 2012. Archived from [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h7XMRIbuZL6BjKF-U-RbRw5W30GA?docId=CNG.03a07b9823792a080c03447fb210148d.121 the original] on 16 December 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2012.</ref><ref>[https://www.ictj.org/publication/possibilities-and-challenges-transitional-justice-mali "Mali Possibilities and Challenges for Transitional Justice in Mali"]. International Center for Transitional Justice. 9 January 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160918152945/https://www.ictj.org/publication/possibilities-and-challenges-transitional-justice-mali Archived] from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.</ref> Ka Hirikgong 11, 2013, [[Masole a France a tsenelela|masole a]] [[Masole a France a tsenelela|France a tsenelela]] ka kopo ya puso ya nakwana ya ga tautona [[Dioncounda Traoré]]. Ka di 30 tsa Hirikgong, go ne go na le kgatelopele e e rulagantsweng ya masole a lefatshe la France le a Malian a a neng a bolela fa a kgonne go gapa gape lefelo la bofelo le le neng le setse la Islamist la Kidal, le gape e neng e le la bofelo la ditoropokgolo tsa masepala tse tharo tsa bokone. <ref>French troops retake the last remaining Islamist urban stronghold in Mali.</ref>Ka di 2 Tlhakole, tautona wa France [[François Hollande]] o ne a kopana le Dioncounda Traoré mo ponatshegong ya setshaba kwa [[Timbuktu]] e e sa tswang go thopiwa gape. [[Setshwantsho:Northern Mali conflict.svg|thumb|Map showing the fullest extent of rebel-held territory in January 2013]] Ka Phatwe 2013, [[Ibrahim Boubacar Keita]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna [[tautona yo moša wa Mali]] mo lekghethong la bobedi [[la ditlhopho]]. <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23677124 Ibrahim Boubacar Keita wins Mali presidential election]". ''BBC News''. 13 August 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220120142538/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23677124 Archived] from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.</ref> == '''Ntwa ya Kwa Bogare Jwa Mali''' == Kwa kgaolong ya [[Mopti]] kwa bogare jwa Mali, kgotlhang e oketsegile fa e sale ka 2015 magareng ga merafe ya balemi jaaka [[Ba-Dogon]] le [[Ba-Bambara]], le badisa ba [[Ba-Fula]] [[(kana Ba-Fulani)]].<ref>[https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/in-depth/sahel-flames-Burkina-Faso-Mali-Niger-militancy-conflict "The Sahel in flames]". ''The New Humanitarian''. 31 May 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211113161848/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/in-depth/sahel-flames-Burkina-Faso-Mali-Niger-militancy-conflict Archived] from the original on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali ""We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Go ya ka ditso, matlhakore a mabedi a ne a lwa ka go bona lefatshe le metsi, mabaka a a neng a okediwa ke [[Phetogo ya tepo ya loapi|phetogo ya]] [[Phetogo ya tepo ya loapi|tepo ya loapi]],fa Fula e fudugela kwa mafelong a masha.<ref>Blake, James (29 March 2019). "[https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/03/29/radical-islamists-have-opened-a-new-front-in-mali/ Radical Islamists Have Opened a New Front in Mali"]. ''Foreign Policy''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330032447/https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/03/29/radical-islamists-have-opened-a-new-front-in-mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Ba Dogon le Bambara ba dirile "ditlhopha tsa go itshireletsa" <ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali".] ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>go lwantsha Ba-Fula. Ba latofatsa Fula ka go dira le [[Islamists]] ba ba tshwaraganeng le [[Al-Qaeda]]. <ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali "We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Le fa bangwe ba Ba-Fula ba ile ba ikamanya le ditlhopha tsa Boiselamo, [[Human Rights Watch]] e bega gore dikgolagano tseno di ile tsa "fetelediwa le go dirisiwa ke batshameki ba ba farologaneng go fitlhelela maikaelelo a bone".<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> ''O ne a oketsa ka molaodi wa sesole wa maemo a a kwa godimo wa Mali:''<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali ""We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> ''Ke buile ka thubakanyo e e golang le balaodi ba mme le dikgosana tsa metse go tswa mo matlhakoreng otlhe. Ee, go na le di-jihadist mo lefelong le, mme bothata jwa nnete ke bosenyi, bogodu jwa diphologolo, go baakanya melato  -  batho ba ikhumisa ka go dirisa ntwa kgatlhanong le dirukhutlhi jaaka sesiro.<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali ""We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>'' ''Ntwa e ile ya dira gore go nne le masole a Ba-Dogon le Ba-Bambara. Mmuso wa Mali o belaelwa go tshegetsa dingwe tsa ditlhopha tseno ka fa tlase ga seipato sa go nna baemedi mo ntweng kgatlhanong le Islamists mo kgotlhang ya [[Bokone jwa Mali.]] <ref>[https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html Au Mali, les liaisons dangereuses entre l'Etat et les milices]" (in French). 24 July 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330013608/https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html Archived] from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Mmuso o ganetsa seno.<ref>[https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html "Au Mali, les liaisons dangereuses entre l'Etat et les milices]" (in French). 24 July 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330013608/https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html Archived] from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Leloko le lengwe la sesole ke setlhopha sa Ba-Dogon sa [[Dan Na Ambassagou]], se se tlhamilweng ka 2016.<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali "We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>'' [[Setshwantsho:Modibo Sidibe voting in Bamako, 2018 Malian presidential election.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Modibo_Sidibe|Modibo Sidibe]] voting in Bamako, 2018 Malian presidential election]] Mo [[Ditlhophong tsa botautona jwa Mali tsa 2018|ditlhophong tsa]] [[Ditlhophong tsa botautona jwa Mali tsa 2018|botautona jwa Mali tsa 2018]] tse di neng di tshwerwe ka 29 Phukwi 2018, <ref>Mumbere, Daniel (10 July 2018). "[http://www.africanews.com/2018/07/10/mali-2018-presidential-election-background-to-a-critical-election-in-an/ Everything you need to know about Mali 2018 presidential election]". ''Africanews.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180724062858/http://www.africanews.com/2018/07/10/mali-2018-presidential-election-background-to-a-critical-election-in-an/ Archived] from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180212142217/http://maliactu.net/mali-election-presidentielle-2018-le-premier-tour-aura-lieu-le-dimanche-29-juillet/ Mali: Élection présidentielle 2018 : Le premier tour aura lieu le dimanche 29 juillet".] ''maliactu.net''. 12 February 2018. Archived from [http://maliactu.net/mali-election-presidentielle-2018-le-premier-tour-aura-lieu-le-dimanche-29-juillet/ the original] on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.</ref>ga go na moemedi ope yo o amogetseng go feta 50% ya ditlhopho mo kgetlong la ntlha. Go ne ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tsa bobedi ka 12 Phatwe 2018 fa gare ga bakgethi ba babedi ba ba kwa godimo, tautona [[Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta]] wa [[Rally for Mali]] le [[Soumaïla Cissé]] wa [[Union for the Republic and Democracy,]] mme Keïta o ne a tlhophiwa gape ka 67% ya ditlhopho.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20180816-mali-incumbent-president-ibraham-boubacar-keita-wins-election Incumbent President Keita wins re-election in Mali]". ''France 24''. 16 August 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240116002945/https://www.france24.com/en/20180816-mali-incumbent-president-ibraham-boubacar-keita-wins-election Archived] from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse 2018, [[Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue]] e ne ya buisana le Dan Na Ambassagou ka go emisa ntwa ka tsela e le nngwe "ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e kgatlhanong le setlhopha le ditlhopha tse dingwe tsa setšhaba tse di tlhometseng kwa bogareng jwa Mali". <ref>"[https://www.hdcentre.org/updates/youssouf-toloba-and-his-dan-nan-ambassagou-armed-group-sign-a-commitment-towards-a-ceasefire-in-central-mali/ Youssouf Toloba and his Dan Nan Ambassagou armed group sign a commitment towards a ceasefire in central Mali | HD Centre]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329224050/https://www.hdcentre.org/updates/youssouf-toloba-and-his-dan-nan-ambassagou-armed-group-sign-a-commitment-towards-a-ceasefire-in-central-mali/ Archived] from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, setlhopha se ne sa pegwa molato wa [[Polao e kgolo ya batho ba le lekgolo le masome a le borataro 160 ba motse wa Fula ka 24 Mopitlo 2019|polao e kgolo ya batho ba le]] [[Polao e kgolo ya batho ba le lekgolo le masome a le borataro 160 ba motse wa Fula ka 24 Mopitlo 2019|lekgolo le masome a le borataro 160 ba motse wa Fula ka 24 Mopitlo 2019]].<ref>"[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/united-nations-investigate-horrific-massacre-mali-190326135707656.html UN to probe 'horrific' Mali attacks as death toll jumps to 160]". Al-Jazeera. 26 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329130105/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/united-nations-investigate-horrific-massacre-mali-190326135707656.html Archived] from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2019</ref>Setlhopha se ne sa ganela tlhaselo, mme morago ga moo tautona wa Malian Keita o ne a laela setlhopha go phatlalala.<ref>[https://africanarguments.org/2019/03/26/insiders-insight-explaining-the-mali-massacre/ Insiders Insight: Explaining the Mali massacre"]. ''African Arguments''. 26 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200918134833/https://africanarguments.org/2019/03/26/insiders-insight-explaining-the-mali-massacre/ Archived] from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> Mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa UN mo thibelong ya polao ya morafe, [[Adama Dieng]], o ne a tlhagisa ka go oketsega ga [[Tlhaolele ya kgotlhang|tlhaolele]] ya kgotlhang.<ref>"[https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/03/1035661 Central Mali: Top UN genocide prevention official sounds alarm over recent ethnically-targeted killings]". ''UN News''. 28 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329172541/https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/03/1035661 Archived] from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Ka 2020, batho ba ba fetang 600,000 ba ne ba [[fudusitswe]] ke kgotlhang kwa Mali. <ref>Giannangeli, Marco (1 November 2020). "[https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1354747/british-army-mali-west-africa-troops-war-terrorism-royal-anglian-light-dragoons-al-qaeda Britain 'sleepwalking' into deadly conflict in war-torn West Africa".] express.co.uk. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201126044622/https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1354747/british-army-mali-west-africa-troops-war-terrorism-royal-anglian-light-dragoons-al-qaeda Archived] from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref>Lekgotla la Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng le ne la bega gore palo ya bana ba ba bolailweng mo ntweng mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse thataro tsa 2019 e ne e menagane gabedi go feta ya ngwaga otlhe wa 2018. Bontsi jwa bana ba bolailwe mo ditlhaselong tse di dirwang ke ditlhopha tsa merafe, mme bontsi jwa ditlhaselo tseno di diragetse mo tikologong ya [[Mopti]]. Go begwa gore dikolo di ka nna 900 di tswetswe le gore masole a a tlhometseng a kwadisitse bana.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/aug/13/sharp-rise-number-children-killed-mali Sharp rise in number of children killed in Mali's deadly attacks]". ''The Guardian''. 13 August 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190831235440/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/aug/13/sharp-rise-number-children-killed-mali Archived] from the original on 31 August 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2019.</ref> Mo bekeng ya ntlha ya Phalane 2019, ditlhaselo tse pedi tsa jihadist mo ditoropong tsa Boulikessi le [[Mondoro]] di bolaile masole a feta masome a mabedi le botlhano 25 a Mali gaufi le molelwane le [[Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250212174400/http://en.puic.org/news/10181 PUIC Secretary General condemns terrorist attacks in Mali"]. [[:en:Parliamentary_Union_of_the_OIC_Member_States|Parliamentary Union of the OIC Member States]]. 8 October 2019. from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019</ref> Tautona Keïta o ne a bolela gore "ga go na ntwa ya sesole e e tla fenyang kwa Mali", a tswelela ka go re ga a akanye gore "e mo lenaneong la letsatsi gotlhelele mme e ka se re tshwenye". <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200807131029/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/10/07/world/mali-president-dismisses-coup-speculation-jihadi-attacks-kill-dozens-troops-near-burkina-faso-border/#.Xa8-j5IzbIU Mali president dismisses coup speculation after jihadi attacks kill dozens of troops near Burkina Faso border]". ''[[:en:Japantimes.co.jp|Japantimes.co.jp]]''. 7 October 2019. from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019</ref>Ka 1 Ngwanatsele 2019, [[ba-IS-GS]] ba bolaile bobotlana masole a le masome a matlhano 50 mo [[Tlhaselong ya Indelimane|tlhaselong ya Indelimane ya 2019]] kwa [[Kgaolong ya Ménaka]] ya Mali. <ref>"[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/militants-kill-54-attack-mali-army-post-claims-responsibility-n1075721 Militants kill 54 in attack on Mali army post, ISIS claims responsibility".] ''[[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]''. 3 November 2019. Retrieved 12 December 2019.</ref>Ka Tlhakole 2020, Human Rights Watch e ne ya kwala bosetlhogo jo bo dirilweng kgatlhanong le baagi kwa Central Mali mme ya re bobotlana go bolailwe baagi ba le makgolo a le mane le masome a matlhano le borataro 456, fa makgolokgolo a ne a gobala go tloga ka Hirikgong 2019 go fitlha ka Ngwanatsele.<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/02/10/how-much-more-blood-must-be-spilled/atrocities-against-civilians-central-mali "How Much More Blood Must Be Spilled?"]. ''HRW''. 10 February 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230531102933/https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/02/10/how-much-more-blood-must-be-spilled/atrocities-against-civilians-central-mali Archived] from the original on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 31 May 2023.</ref> == '''2020s go menola puso le Assimi Goïta junta''' == [[Setshwantsho:Comité national pour le salut du Peuple - 2020 Malian coup d'Etat 2.jpg|thumb|Members of the [[:en:National_Committee_for_the_Salvation_of_the_People|National Committee for the Salvation of the People]], September 2020]] Dikhuduego tsa batho di simolotse ka 5 Seetebosigo 2020 morago ga go sa tsamaelane le maemo mo ditlhophong tsa palamente tsa Mopito le Moranang, go akaretsa le go galefa kgatlhanong le go tsewa ga moeteledipele wa kganetso [[Soumaïla Cissé]]. <ref>Ahmed, Baba (5 June 2020). "[https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/thousands-malis-capital-demand-president-step-71093627 Thousands in Mali's capital demand that president step down"]. ''ABC News''. Associated Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200913072323/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/thousands-malis-capital-demand-president-step-71093627 Archived] from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.</ref><ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/06/kidnapped-mali-politician-and-french-aid-worker-freed Kidnapped Mali politician and French aid worker freed]". ''the Guardian''. 6 October 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210603113914/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/06/kidnapped-mali-politician-and-french-aid-worker-freed Archived] from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021</ref>Go ne ga swa batho ba le lesome le motso 11 go ya go ba le masome a mabedi le boraro 23 morago ga ditshupegetso tse di neng tsa tshwarwa go tloga ka 10 go ya go 13 Seetebosigo. <ref>[https://www.cnews.fr/monde/2020-08-19/tout-comprendre-sur-la-situation-au-mali-990104 TOUT COMPRENDRE SUR LA SITUATION AU MALI"] &#x5B;Understanding everything about the situation in Mali&#x5D;. ''CNews'' (in French). 19 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200826193119/https://www.cnews.fr/monde/2020-08-19/tout-comprendre-sur-la-situation-au-mali-990104 Archived] from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.</ref>Ka Phukwi, Tautona Keïta o ne a fedisa kgotlatshekelo ya molao motheo. Maloko a sesole a eteletswe pele ke Colonel [[Assimi Goïta]] le Colonel-Major [[Ismaël Wagué]] kwa [[Kati]], [[Kgaolo ya Koulikoro,]] ba simolotse botsuolodi ka di 18 Phatwe 2020.<ref name=":5" /> Tautona Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta le Tonakgolo [[Boubou Cissé]] ba ne ba tshwarwa, mme ka bonako morago ga bosigogare Keïta o ne a itsise go rola tiro ga gagwe, a re ga a batle go bona tshololo ya madi.<ref name=":6" /> Wagué o ne a itsise go tlhamiwa ga [[Komiti ya Bosetšhaba ya Poloko ya Batho]] (CNSP) mme a solofetsa ditlhopho mo isagweng. Go ne ga tlhomiwa molao wa go tswa mo gae mme mebila ya Bamako e ne e didimetse. <ref name=":7" />[[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS) e ne ya kgala go menola puso mme ya kopa gore Keïta a busediwe jaaka tautona.<ref name=":8" /> Ka 12 Lwetse 2020, CNSP e ne ya dumela gore go nne le phetogo ya sepolotiki ya dikgwedi di le lesome le boferabobedi 18 go ya go puso ya selegae. Moragonyana fela ga foo, [[Bah N'daw]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna tautona wa nakwana ke setlhopha sa batho ba le lesome le bosupa 17 ba ba neng ba mo tlhopha, mme Goïta o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusa tautona. Puso e ne ya tlhongwa ka di 25 Lwetse 2020. Ka di 18 Hirikgong 2021, puso ya nakwana e ne ya itsise gore CNSP e fedisitswe, mo e ka nnang dikgwedi di le nne morago ga go solofediwa go ya ka tumelano ya ntlha.<ref name=":9" /> Dikgotlhang magareng ga puso ya selegae ya nakwana le sesole di ne tsa oketsega morago ga go fetisiwa ga maatla ka Lwetse 2020. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka di 24 Motsheganong 2021 morago ga phetogo ya khuduthamaga ya matona, koo baeteledipele ba babedi ba pheretlhego ya sesole ya 2020  -  [[Sadio Camara]] le [[Modibo Kone]]  -  ba neng ba emisediwa ke tsamaiso ya ga N'daw. <ref name=":10" />Moragonyana mo letsatsing leo, babegadikgang ba ne ba bega gore baeteledipele ba bararo ba botlhokwa ba baagi - Tautona N'daw, Tonakgolo [[Moctar Ouane]] le Tona ya Tshireletso [[Souleymane Doucouré]], ba ne ba tshwerwe kwa bothibelelong jwa sesole kwa [[Kati]], kwa ntle ga Bamako.<ref name=":11" /> Ka di 7 Seetebosigo 2021, molaodi wa sesole sa Mali Assimi Goïta o ne a ikana jaaka tautona wa nakwana.<ref name=":12" /> [[Setshwantsho:MaliWar.svg|thumb|Military situation in Mali. For a detailed map, see [[:en:Template:Mali_War_detailed_map|here.]]]] Ka 2022 le 2023, [[Islamic State]] [[kwa Greater Sahara]] e ne ya bona diphitlhelelo tse dikgolo mo [[Ntweng ya Mali]], e ne ya gapa dikarolo tse dikgolo tsa lefatshe kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Mali. [[Ansongo]] le [[Tidermène]] le bone ba ne ba tshwarwa ke setlhopha seo. <ref name=":13" />Mo bogareng jwa 2023, setlhopha sa dirukhutlhi se ne se okeditse palo ya mafelo a se neng se a laola gabedi fa e sale puso ya pele e thankgolwa le go tlhongwa ga puso ya sepolotiki.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2023/08/26/1196189708/islamic-state-mali-al-qaida-west-africa-extremist ''NPR: Islamic State group almost doubled its territory in Mali in under a year, U.N. says'',] NPR, 2023, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230827063702/https://www.npr.org/2023/08/26/1196189708/islamic-state-mali-al-qaida-west-africa-extremist archived] from the original on 27 August 2023, retrieved 27 August 2023</ref> Ka di 10 Hirikgong 2022, Mali e ne ya itsise go tswalwa ga melelwane ya yona mme ya bitsa baemedi ba le mmalwa go tswa kwa dinageng tsa ECOWAS go arabela dikotlhao tse di beilweng mo Mali ka go busetsa morago ditlhopho ka dingwaga di le nne. <ref>Ahmed, Baba (10 January 2022). "[https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Mali-s-junta-deplores-new-sanctions-imposed-by-16763433.php Mali's junta deplores new sanctions imposed by regional bloc"]. ''SFGate''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220110161440/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Mali-s-junta-deplores-new-sanctions-imposed-by-16763433.php Archived] from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2022</ref>Ka di 4 Tlhakole, moemedi wa France o ne a kobiwa.<ref>"[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/5/thousands-in-mali-celebrate-expulsion-of-french-ambassador Thousands in Mali celebrate expulsion of French ambassador | Armed Groups News".] Al Jazeera. 5 February 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220207034714/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/5/thousands-in-mali-celebrate-expulsion-of-french-ambassador Archived] from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.</ref>Go ya ka [[Human Rights Watch]], masole a Malian le ba ba belaelwang gore ke masole a Russia a a hirilweng go tswa kwa [[Wagner Group]] ba bolaile banna ba le 300 ba e neng e se masole kwa bogareng jwa Mali ka Mopitlwe 2022. France e ne e simolotse go ntsha masole a France go tswa kwa Mali ka Tlhakole 2022, go simolola bokhutlo jwa [[Operation Barkhane.]]<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60997602 Mali troops and suspected Russian fighters accused of massacre]". ''BBC News''. 5 April 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220406192814/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60997602 Archived] from the original on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.</ref> Ka di 2 Motsheganong, puso ya sesole e ne ya itsise go roba ditumalano tsa yona tsa tshireletso tse di rurifaditsweng ka 2013 le France, e leng kgato e nngwe gape ya go senyega ga dikamano tsa Malian-French.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/3/malis-junta-breaks-off-from-defence-accords-with-france Mali: Military government breaks defence accords with France]". ''AlJazeera.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220509235754/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/3/malis-junta-breaks-off-from-defence-accords-with-france Archived] from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved </ref> Kitsiso eno ya bofelo e ne ya tshwaiwa diphoso ke balaodi ba France mme ya tsewa e le "e e seng ka fa molaong". <ref>[https://www.theafricareport.com/201855/mali-france-opposed-to-assimi-goitas-junta-demanding-an-end-to-defence-agreements/ Mali: France opposed to Assimi Goïta's junta demanding an end to defence agreements]". ''The Africa Report.com''. 9 May 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220509155505/https://www.theafricareport.com/201855/mali-france-opposed-to-assimi-goitas-junta-demanding-an-end-to-defence-agreements/ Archived] from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2022</ref>Setlhopha sa UN se begile gore mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2022, go bolailwe baagi ba le 543 mme ba le 269 ba ne ba gobala, ba tlhagisa gore tumelano ya kagiso ya 2015 magareng ga puso le ditlhopha tse di leng kgatlhanong le boipuso e ne e tshosediwa ke kotsi ya kgotlhang e e ka nnang teng lekgetlho la ntlha mo dingwageng di le tlhano. Pegelo e e lemogile gape koketsego e kgolo mo palong ya batho ba ba tlhokang thuso ya botho mo ngwageng o o fetileng.<ref>[https://news.yahoo.com/un-experts-malian-military-white-015227805.html UN experts: Malian military and 'white' soldiers killed 33]". ''Yahoo News''. 5 August 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220806021317/https://news.yahoo.com/un-experts-malian-military-white-015227805.html Archived] from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.</ref> [[Sergey Lavrov]], tona wa tsa kwa ntle wa Russia, o ne a etela Bamako ka di 7 Tlhakole 2023 mme a re Moscow e tla tswelela go thusa Mali go tokafatsa bokgoni jwa sesole sa yone.<ref>[https://www.euronews.com/2023/02/08/russian-foreign-minister-sergei-lavrov-visits-mali-in-sign-of-deepening-ties Russian Foreign Minister visits Mali in sign of deepening ties]". ''EuroNews''. 8 February 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230208210854/http://www.euronews.com/2023/02/08/russian-foreign-minister-sergei-lavrov-visits-mali-in-sign-of-deepening-ties Archived] from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved </ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2023, Mali e ne ya tlosa Sefora, puo ya mmuso wa pele wa bokoloniale, jaaka puo ya semmuso ka tumelelo ya molao motheo o mošwa ka 97% ya batlhophi mo [[referandamong]] e e neng e tshwerwe ke lekgotla la sepolotiki.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/08/03/mali-french-new-constitution/ Mali demotes French, language of its former colonizer, in symbolic move".] ''Washington Post''. 4 August 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230803234614/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/08/03/mali-french-new-constitution/ Archived] from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023.</ref>Ka di 7 Lwetse 2023, al-Qaeda e ne ya golaganya [[JNIM]] go [[tlhasela]] sekepe mo [[Nokeng ya Niger,]] ba bolaya bonnye baagi ba le 154.<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2023/11/01/mali-les-groupes-islamistes-armes-et-larmee-prennent-les-civils-pour-cible Mali : Les groupes islamistes armés et l'armée prennent les civils pour cible]" (in French). [[:en:Human_Rights_Watch|Human Rights Watch]]. 1 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231214185052/https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2023/11/01/mali-les-groupes-islamistes-armes-et-larmee-prennent-les-civils-pour-cible Archived] from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref> Ka July 2024, [[CSP-DPA]] batsuolodi le JNIM ba bolaile makgolokgolo a masole a Russia le masole a puso ya Mali ka nako ya [[Ntwa ya Tinzaouaten]].<ref>Darya Tarasova; Tim Lister; Avery Schmitz (29 July 2024). "[https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/29/africa/russian-mercenaries-wagner-killed-mali-intl-latam/index.html Dozens of Russian mercenaries killed in rebel ambush in Mali, in their worst known loss in Africa]". ''CNN''. Retrieved 30 July 2024.</ref> Ka di 5 Phatwe 2024 Republic of Mali e ne ya itsise gore e kgaola dikamano tsa sedipolomate le Ukraine.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240805181211/https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/mali-announces-severance-of-diplomatic-relations-1722838542.html Mali announces severance of diplomatic relations with Ukraine"]. [[:en:RBC-Ukraine|РБК]]. 5 August 2024. Archived from [https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/mali-announces-severance-of-diplomatic-relations-1722838542.html the original] on 5 August 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c78ld18lgr9o "Was Ukraine's role in big Wagner defeat an own goal in Africa]?". ''BBC News''. </ref> Ka di 17 Lwetse 2024, al-Qaeda e ne ya golaganngwa le JNIM ba [[tlhasela mafelo a le mmalwa]] go ralala Bamako, ba bolaya batho ba le 77 mme ba gobatsa ba bangwe ba le 255.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/20/attack-by-al-qaeda-linked-group-in-mali-killed-more-than-70-people Attack by al-Qaeda linked group in Mali killed more than 70 people][[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|". Al Jazeera English]]. 17 September 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024</ref> == '''Dipopego tsa lefatshe''' == [[Setshwantsho:Mali sat.png|thumb|Satellite image of Mali]] Mali ke lefatshe le le dikaganyêditswêng ke mafatshe a mangwê, ka jalo ga le a bapa le lewatle kwa Aforika Bophirima, e e kwa borwabophirima jwa [[Algeria]]. E fa gare ga latitude [[10°]] le [[25°N]], le longitude [[13°W]] le [[5°E]]. Mali e bapile le molelwane le Algeria kwa [[bokone-bokone-botlhaba]], [[Niger]] kwa [[botlhaba]], [[Burkina Faso]] kwa [[borwabotlhaba]], [[Ivory Coast]] kwa [[borwa]], [[Guinea]] kwa [[borwabophirima]], le [[Senegal]] kwa [[bophirima]] le [[Mauritania]] kwa [[Bokone Bophirima|bokone-bophirima]].<ref>Griffiths, Ieuan (July 1986). "The Scramble for Africa: Inherited Political Boundaries". ''The Geographical Journal''. '''152''' (2): 204–216. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986GeogJ.152..204G 1986GeogJ.152..204G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.2307/634762|10.2307/634762]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0016-7398 0016-7398]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/634762 634762].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Hand der Fatima.jpg|thumb|Landscape in [[:en:Hombori|Hombori]]]] [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map MLI present.svg|thumb|Mali map of Köppen climate classification]] Ka 1,240,192 square kilometres (478,841 sq mi), <ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[[:en:Mali#|Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency]]". ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> Mali ke lefatshe [[la bo masome a mabedi le bone 24 ka bogolo mo lefatsheng]] ebile ke lefatshe [[La borobabobedi 8 ka bogolo mo Aforika|la]] [[La borobabobedi 8 ka bogolo mo Aforika|borobabobedi 8 ka bogolo mo Aforika]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-African-countries-by-area List of African countries by area]". ''www.britannica.com''. 27 September 2024</ref>Le lekana ka bogolo le Afrika Borwa kgotsa [[Angola]]. Bontsi jwa lefatshe le bo kwa borwa jwa [[Sekaka sa Sahara]], se se dirang gore go nne le [[lefelo le le mogote thata le le tletseng lerole la kwa Sudan.]]<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 5</ref> Lefatshe la Mali le legolo le bo sephaphathi, mme fa o leba kwa bokone o fitlhela go na le dipoa tse di tletseng [[motlhaba]]. Thaba ya [[Adrar des Ifoghas]] e kwa bokonebotlhaba.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-African-countries-by-area "List of African countries by area]". ''www.britannica.com''. 27 September 2024.</ref> Mali e mo [[kgaolong e e mogote]] thata mme ke nngwe ya mafatshe a a mogote go gaisa otlhe mo lefatsheng. [[Mogare wa mogote]], o o tsamaelanang le mafelo a a mogote thata ngwaga otlhe mo lefatshing e e ikaegileng ka palogare ya mogote wa letsatsi le letsatsi ya ngwaga, o kgabaganya lefatshe .<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 5</ref> Bontsi jwa Mali bo amogela pula e nnye mme komelelo e diragala gantsi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 5</ref>Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa Moranang go ya kwa tshimologong ya Phalane ke paka ya dipula kwa karolong e e kwa borwa. Mo nakong eno, go na le merwalela ya Noka ya Niger, e e dirang gore go nne le [[karolo e e kwa teng ya Noka ya Niger]]. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 5</ref>Karolo e kgolo ya sekaka sa bokone jwa Mali e na le tepo loapi e e [[mogote ya sekaka]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] BWh) ka selemo se se telele, se se mogote thata le pula e e kwa tlase e e fokotsegang go ya kwa bokone. Lefelo le le fa gare le na le [[Tepo loapi e e mogote e e omeletseng|tepo loapi e e mogote]] [[Tepo loapi e e mogote e e omeletseng|e e omeletseng]] (Köppen climate classification BSh) e e nang le mogote o o kwa godimo thata ngwaga otlhe, paka e telele e e omeletseng le paka e khutshwane ya dipula tse di sa feleng. Dikarolo tse di kwa borwa di na le [[tepo loapi ya boboatsatsi e e bongola le e e omileng.]] (Köppen climate classification Aw) Ka kakaretso, tepo loapi ya kwa Mali ke ya boboatsatsi, mme ka Mopitlo go ya go Motsheganong paka e e mogote le e e omileng. Go na pula go tloga ka Seetebosigi go ya go Phalane,go bongola e bile go bonolo. Ngwaga wa serame le komelelo o simolola ka Ngwanatsele go fitlha ka Tlhakole. Mali e na le metswedi e mentsi ya tlholego, mme gauta, uranium, [[phosphate]], [[kaolinite]], letswai le [[kapoko]] di dirisiwa thata. Mali e lekanyediwa gore e na le ditone tse di fetang 17,400 tsa uranium (e e lekantsweng + e e supilweng + e e fopholediwang).<ref>[http://www.wise-uranium.org/uoafr.html#ML Uranium Mine Ownership – Africa] [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20200415020226/http://www.wise%2Duranium.org/uoafr.html#ML Archived] 15 April 2020 at [[:en:Archive-It|Archive-It.]] Wise-uranium.org. Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref><ref>Muller, CJ and Umpire, A (22 November 2012) [http://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=24&issuerNo=00022459&fileName=/csfsprod/data138/filings/02005552/00000001/y%3A\Web_Documents\RADAR\E3\RCGQ\14JA13046\121122TR_Falea_cn.pdf An Independent Technical Report on the Mineral Resources of Falea Uranium, Copper and Silver Deposit, Mali, West Africa] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210824024212/https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=24&issuerNo=00022459&fileName=%2Fcsfsprod%2Fdata138%2Ffilings%2F02005552%2F00000001%2Fy%3A%5CWeb_Documents%5CRADAR%5CE3%5CRCGQ%5C14JA13046%5C121122TR_Falea_cn.pdf Archived] 24 August 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Minxcon.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2012, go ne ga lemogiwa gore go na le lefelo le lengwe gape le le nang le uranium kwa bokone.<ref>[http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Uranium-in-Africa/ Uranium in Africa] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140417025834/http://world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Uranium-in-Africa/ Archived] 17 April 2014 at the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140417025834/http://world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Uranium-in-Africa/ Wayback Machine.] World-nuclear.org. Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref> Mali e lebagane le dikgwetlho di le dintsi tsa tikologo, go akaretsa go [[fetoga ga lefatshe]],[[sekaka]], [[go rengwa ga dikgwa,]] [[kgotlhego ya mmu,]] le go se nne teng ga [[metsi a a nowang]] a a [[lekaneng]]. == '''Mefutafuta ya Ditshedi''' == Di-ecoregion tse tlhano tsa lefatshe di mo melelwaneng ya Mali: [[Savanna]] ya [[Acacia ya Sahelian]], [[Savanna ya Bophirima]] ya [[Sudan, Savanna]] [[e e ka fa gare ya Niger Delta]] e e nang le metsi, [[dithaba le dikgwa tsa Sahara Borwa]], le [[dikgwa tsa xeric tsa dithaba tsa Sahara Bophirima.]] <ref>Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287 An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"]. ''BioScience''. '''67''' (6): 534–545. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.1093/biosci/bix014|10.1093/biosci/bix014]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-3568 0006-3568]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287 5451287]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608869 28608869].</ref>Lefatshe le ne le na le tekanyetso ya 2019 [[Forest Landscape Integrity Index]] ya 7.16/10, e e beileng mo maemong a bo masome a le matlhano le motso 51 lefatshe ka bophara mo dinageng di le lekgolo le masome a le bosupa le bobedi 172.<ref>Grantham, H. S.; et al. (2020). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material".] ''Nature Communications''. '''11''' (1): 5978. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020NatCo..11.5978G 2020NatCo..11.5978G]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-1723 2041-1723]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 7723057]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33293507 33293507].</ref> == '''Dipolotiki le puso''' == '''Puso''' [[Setshwantsho:Assimi Goita, August 2021.png|thumb|[[:en:Assimi_Goita|Assimi Goita]], interim president of [[:en:2021_Malian_coup_d'état|Mali since 2021 Malian coup]] [[:en:2021_Malian_coup_d'état|d'état]]]] Go fitlha ka phenyo ya sesole ya di 22 Mopitlo 2012,<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html UN Security Council condemns Mali coup] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201128100600/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html Archived] 28 November 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Telegraph (23 March 2012). Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120323134828/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161659/US-condemns-Mali-coup-amid-reports-of-looting.html Video: US condemns Mali coup amid reports of looting]. Telegraph (22 March 2012). Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref>Mali e ne e le [[puso ya batho ka batho ya molao motheo]] e e laolwang ke molao motheo wa di 12 Hirikgong 1992, o o neng wa fetolwa ka 1999.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14.</ref> Molao motheo o tlamela ka kgaogano ya maatla magareng ga makala a puso a khuduthamaga, [[peomolao]] [[le boatlhodi]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref>Tsamaiso ya puso e ka tlhalosiwa jaaka "[[tautona yo o sa reng sepe]]".<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref> Taolo ya khuduthamaga e mo diatleng tsa ga tautona, yo o tlhophiwang ka dingwaga di le tlhano ka [[ditlhopho tsa botlhe]] mme o lekanyeditswe ka paka ya dingwaga di le pedi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali]], Art. 30</ref> Tautona o dira jaaka [[Tlhogo ya lefatshe|tlhogo ya]] [[Tlhogo ya lefatshe|lefatshe]] e le [[molaodi-mogolo wa masole]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref> <ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 29 & 46</ref>Tonakgolo e e tlhophilweng ke tautona o dira jaaka tlhogo ya puso mme ka go rialo o tlhoma Khansele ya Ditona. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 38</ref>Kopano ya Bosetšhaba ya [[Phuthego ya matona]] e e nang le ntlo e le nngwe ke yone fela e e dirang molao kwa Mali, e e nang le batlhankedi ba ba tlhophilweng ka paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 59 & 61</ref>Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2007, [[Alliance for Democracy and Progress]] e ne ya nna le ditulo di le 113 mo go tse 160 mo kgotlapeomolao.<ref>(in French) Koné, Denis. [http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200708131307.html Mali: "Résultats définitifs des Législatives]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20121229150933/http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200708131307.html Archived] 29 December 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. ''[[:en:Les_Échos_(Mali)|Les Echos]]'' ([[:en:Bamako|Bamako]]) (13 August 2007). Retrieved </ref>Kopano e tshwara dikopano di le pedi tsa tlwaelo ngwaga le ngwaga, mo go tsone e ngangisanang le go tlhopha ka molao o o tlisitsweng ke leloko kgotsa ke puso.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 15</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 65</ref> Molao motheo wa Mali o tlamela ka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi e e ikemetseng,<ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 81</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 15</ref> fela khuduthamaga e tswelela go nna le tlhotlheletso mo tsamaisong ya boatlhodi ka maatla a go thapa baatlhodi le go okamela ditiro tsa boatlhodi le tiragatso ya molao.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref>Dikgotlatshekelo tse di kwa godimo tsa kwa Mali ke Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang, e e nang le dithata tsa boatlhodi le tsamaiso, le Kgotlatshekelo ya molao motheo e e farologaneng e e nayang tshekatsheko ya boatlhodi ya melao ya molao mme e dira jaaka moatlhodi wa ditlhopho.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 83–94</ref>Dikgotlatshekelo tse di farologaneng tse di kwa tlase di teng, le fa go le jalo dikgosana tsa metse le bagolwane ba rarabolola dikgotlhang tse dintsi tsa selegae mo mafelong a magae.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref> Mmuso wa phetogelo o buseditse morago nako ya ditlhopho tse dintšhwa, tse di neng di tshwanetse go tshwarwa ka Tlhakole 2022, go ya go Tlhakole 2024.<ref>[https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/01/malis-transition-govt-sets-february-2024-for-presidential-election// Mali's transition govt sets February 2024 for presidential election]". ''AfricaNews''. 1 July 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230818190836/https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/01/malis-transition-govt-sets-february-2024-for-presidential-election// Archived] from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023</ref>E le go fetola maitlamo a puso a ditlhopho tsa 2024, [[ECOWAS]] e dumetse go tlosa dikiletso mo lefatsheng.<ref>Melly, Paul (6 July 2022). "[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62037317 Mali coup: How junta got Ecowas economic sanctions lifted".] ''BBC''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230805123950/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62037317 Archived] from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023</ref> == '''Dikamano tsa kwa ntle le mafatshe a mangwe''' == [[Setshwantsho:Rutte and Touré.jpg|thumb|Former President of Mali [[:en:Amadou_Toumani_Touré|Amadou Toumani Touré]] and Minister-president of the Netherlands [[:en:Mark_Rutte|Mark Rutte]]]] [[Setshwantsho:Malick Diaw and Vyacheslav Volodin (2023-03-19).jpg|thumb|Representatives of Mali and [[:en:Russia|Russia]] at the 2nd International Parliamentary Conference “Russia-Africa” in Moscow, 19 March 2023]] Go fitlha ka 2012, leano la boditšhabatšhaba la Mali le ne la nna le go nna pragmatic le pro-Western ka nako. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Fa e sale go tlhomiwa puso ya puso ya batho ka batho ka 2002, dikamano tsa Mali le Bophirima ka kakaretso [[le United States]] ka go kgethega di tokafetse thata.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Mali e na le kamano e telele le France, [[Mmusi wa pele wa Bokolone|mmusi wa pele wa]] [[Mmusi wa pele wa Bokolone|Bokolone]]. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 17</ref>Mali e ne e dira mo mekgatlhong ya kgaolo jaaka [[African Union]] go fitlha e emisiwa ka ntlha ya [[coup d'état ya 2012]] ya kwa Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref><ref>[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/2012323134643629717.html "ion suspends Mali over coup]". Al Jazeera. 23 March 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120325235036/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/2012323134643629717.html Archived] from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2012.</ref> Go dira go laola le go rarabolola dikgotlhang tsa kgaolo, jaaka kwa [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]], le [[Sierra Leone]], ke nngwe ya maikaelelo a magolo a maitlamo a boditšhabatšhaba ya Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Mali e ikutlwa e tshoseditswe ke kgonagalo ya go phatlalala ga dikgotlhang mo mafatsheng a boagisani, mme dikamano le baagisani bao gantsi ga di a siama.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Go tlhoka tshireletsego go go akaretsang mo melelwaneng ya kwa bokone, go akaretsa le [[go thukhutha]] le borukhutlhi, e santse e le mathata a a tshwenyang mo dikamanong tsa kgaolo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya 2019[[, Al Qaeda]] e ne ya ikarabela ka tlhaselo ya bothibelelo jwa [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng]] kwa Mali e e neng ya bolaya masole a kagiso a le lesome 10 go tswa kwa [[Chad]]. Go ne ga begwa gore batho ba le masome a mabedi le botlhano 25 ba ne ba gobetse mo tlhaselong. Al Qaeda e ne ya bolela gore lebaka la go tlhasela e ne e le gore Chad e ne e tsosolositse dikamano tsa sedipolomate le Israel. Setheo seno se ne sa tlhaselwa kwa [[Anguelhok]], motse o o mo kgaolong e e sa tlhomamang ya lefatshe leo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/world/africa/united-nations-peacekeepers-killed-mali.html Al Qaeda Claims U.N. Peacekeeper Attack That Killed 10 in Mali]". ''NY Times''. 20 January 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190121175200/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/world/africa/united-nations-peacekeepers-killed-mali.html Archived] from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.</ref> == '''Tsa sesole''' == [[Mabotho a sesole a Mali]] a na le sesole, se se akaretsang mabotho a lefatshe le sesole sa sefofane, <ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency]". ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> mmogo le Gendarmerie ya sesole le Tshireletso ya Rephaboliki, tseo tsotlhe di laolwang ke Lefapha la Tshireletso la Mali le Veterans, tse [[di eteletsweng pele ke moagi]]. == '''Dikgaolo setoropo le dikgaolo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Cartes des régions du Mali,depuis 2023.png|thumb|Regions of Mali since 2023]] [[Setshwantsho:Regions of Mali 2016 (2).png|thumb|''The "Regions of Mali Image Map" template doesn't yet have a description, but there might be some information on the'' [[:en:Template:Regions_of_Mali_Image_Map|template's page''.'']]]] Fa e sale ka 2016, Mali e kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di le lesome le kgaolo ya Bamako.<ref>Martin, Phillip L. (2006). ''Managing Migration: The Promise of Cooperation''. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. p. 134. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-1341-7|<bdi>978-0-7391-1341-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Kgaolo nngwe le nngwe e na le molaodi. <ref>[[:en:Mali#DiPiazza|DiPiazza,]] p. 37</ref>Tiragatso ya dikgaolo tse pedi tse disha, Taoudénit (e e kileng ya bo e le karolo ya Kgaolo ya Tombouctou) le Ménaka (e e kileng ya bo e le [[Ménaka Cercle]] kwa Kgaolong ya Gao), e ntse e tsweletse go tloga ka Hirikgong 2016;<ref>[https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/160328_sg_report_mali_english.pdf Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali]" (PDF). [[:en:MINUSMA|MINUSMA]]. 28 March 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170222055230/https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/160328_sg_report_mali_english.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017</ref><ref>[http://malijet.com/la_societe_malienne_aujourdhui/144815-regionalisation-deux-nouvelles-regions-creees-au-mali.html Régionalisation: Deux Nouvelles régions créées au Mali"]. Malijet. 21 January 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170222105836/http://malijet.com/la_societe_malienne_aujourdhui/144815-regionalisation-deux-nouvelles-regions-creees-au-mali.html Archived] from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017.</ref>mmusi le khansele ya phetogo e tlhophilwe mo dikgaolong ka bobedi.<ref>[https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/sg_report_on_the_situation_in_mali_december_2016.pdf Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali]" (PDF). MINUSMA. 30 December 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170129153531/http://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/sg_report_on_the_situation_in_mali_december_2016.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017.</ref> Fa e sale ka 2023, Mali e tsentse dikgaolo tse dintshwa di le robobongwe mo tsamaisong ya yone ya tsamaiso, e leng se se dirang gore palogotlhe e nne dikgaolo di le lesome le boferabongwe 19 mmogo le kgaolo ya Bamako. Go rulaganngwa sesha gono go ikaeletse go tokafatsa puso le go dira gore ditirelo tsa puso di nne gaufi le batho ba lefelo leo. Kgatelopele e, e tsweletsa maiteko a go dira gore go nne le taolo e e kwa tlase a a simolotseng ka go tlhamiwa ga dikgaolo tsa Taoudénit le Ménaka ka 2016. Dikgaolo tse di lesome le borobabongwe di kgaogantswe ka [[dikgaolo]] di le 159 le [[bommasepala]] [[ba le 815]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20120309073942/http://www.matcl.gov.ml/PDF/LoiCreationCercleReg.pdf Loi N°99-035/ Du 10 Aout 1999 Portant Creation des Collectivites Territoriales de Cercles et de Regions"] (PDF) (in French). Ministère de l'Administration Territoriales et des Collectivités Locales, République du Mali. 1999. Archived from [http://www.matcl.gov.ml/PDF/LoiCreationCercleReg.pdf the original] (PDF) on 9 March 2012</ref><ref>Djiguiba, Issa (21 September 2024). "[https://www.ortm.ml/decoupage-administratif-et-territorial-la-nouvelle-carte-administrative-du-mali-operationnelle Administrative and territorial division: the new administrative map of Mali is operational]". ''www.ortm.ml''. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref> Dikgaolo le [[:en:Regions_of_Mali|Kgaolo]] ya Motsemogolo ke:<ref>Coulibaly, Bassidi (October 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250213015112/https://arpdeveloppement.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/A_14_Theme_9_DGAT.pdf Etats Generaux De La Decentralisation (in French)]" (PDF). ''arpdeveloppement.com''. Retrieved 6 November 2024</ref><ref>[https://www.instat-mali.org/laravel-filemanager/files/shares/rgph/rapport-resultats-globaux-rgph5_rgph.pdf CINQUIEME RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT (in French)"] (PDF). ''www.instat-mali.org''. November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !Palo !Leina la kgaolo !Lefelo (km2) !Baagi Dipalopalo tsa 2023 |- |00 |[[Bamako Capital District]] |252 |4,227,569 |- |'''01''' |[[Kayes]] |62,914 |1,840,329 |- |02 |[[Koulikoro]] |71,178 |2,255,157 |- |03 |[[Sikasso]] |21,378 |1,533,123 |- |04 |[[Ségou]] |31,996 |2,455,263 |- |05 |[[Mopti]] |49,077 |935,579 |- |06 |[[Tombouctou]] |180,781 |974,278 |- |07 |[[Gao]] |89,532 |727,517 |- |08 |[[Kidal]] |151,430 |83,192 |- |09 |[[Taoudénit]] |323,326 |100,358 |- |10 |[[Ménaka]] |81,040 |318,876 |- |11 |Bougouni |41,052 |1,570,979 |- |12 |Dioila |12,984 |675,965 |- |13 |Nioro |24,179 |678,061 |- |14 |Koutiala |14,739 |1,169,882 |- |15 |Kita |44,175 |681,671 |- |16 |Nara |26,213 |307,777 |- |17 |Bandiagara |25,709 |868,916 |- |18 |San |15,516 |820,807 |- |19 |Douentza |63,515 |170,189 |- | |'''Palogotlhe''' |1,240,192 |22,395,489 |} == '''Itsholelo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Djenne market.jpg|thumb|A market scene in [[:en:Djenné|Djenné]]]] [[Setshwantsho:Mali Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|A proportional representation of Mali exports, 2019]] [[Setshwantsho:Kalabougou potters (6392346).jpg|thumb|[[:en:Kalabougou|Kalabougou]] potters]] [[Setshwantsho:Usine de coton CMDT.png|thumb|Cotton processing at CMDT]] [[Central Bank of West African States]] e tlhokomela merero ya madi ya Mali le maloko a mangwe a [[Economic Community of West African States]].Mali e tsewa e le nngwe ya mafatshe a a humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng.<ref>This reference is defined in a template or other generated block, and for now can only be edited in source mode. This reference is used 12 times on this page</ref> Moputso wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa modiri ke mo e ka nnang US$1,500.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008</ref> [[Setshwantsho:GDP per capita development of Mali.svg|thumb|GDP per capita development of Mali]] Mali e ne ya dira diphetogo tsa itsholelo, go simolola ka 1988 ka go saena ditumalano le [[World Bank]] le [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1996, puso ya Mali e ne ya fetola dikgwebo tsa setšhaba. Fa e sale tumelano e, dikgwebo di le lesome le borataro di ne tsa tsenngwa mo mebarakeng ya mohama o o ikemetseng, di le 12 di ne tsa tsenngwa mo mebarakeng ya mohama o o ikemetseng ka bontlhabongwe, mme di le 20 di ne tsa phimolwa.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Ka 2005, puso ya Mali e ne ya neela kompone ya seporo go Savage Corporation.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Ditlamo tse pedi tse dikgolo, Societé de Telecommunications du Mali [[(SOTELMA)]] le Cotton Ginning Company [[(CMDT)]], di ne di solofetswe go tsenngwa mo mebarakeng ya poraefete ka 2008.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali"]. [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Magareng ga 1992 le 1995, Mali e ne ya tsenya tirisong lenaneo la itsholelo le le neng la felela ka kgolo ya itsholelo le go fokotsa go sa lekalekane ga tsa madi. Thulaganyo e ne ya oketsa maemo a loago le la itsholelo [<nowiki/>[[vague]]], mme ya dira gore Mali e tsenele [[Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Kgwebisano]] ka di 31 Motsheganong 1995.<ref>[http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/mali_e.htm Mali and the WTO] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130211173417/http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/mali_e.htm Archived] 11 February 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine.]] World Trade Organization. Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref> Mali gape ke leloko la [[Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA)]].<ref>[http://www.ohada.com/index.php OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090326033744/http://www.ohada.com/index.php Archived] from the original on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 22 March 2009.</ref>Gross domestic product (GDP) e ile ya tlhatloga fa e sale go tloga ka nako eo. Ka 2002, GDP e ne e le US$3.4 billion,<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 9</ref> mme e ne ya oketsega go US$5.8 billion ka 2005,<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali".] [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008</ref>e e leng bokana ka 17.6% ya kgolo ya ngwaga le ngwaga. Mali ke karolo ya "Zone Franc" (Zone Franc), se se rayang gore e dirisa [[CFA franc]]. Mali e golagane le puso ya France ka tumelano go tloga ka 1962 (go tlhamiwa ga [[BCEAO]]). Gompieno mafatshe otlhe a supa go BCEAO (go akaretsa le Mali) a golagane le French Central Bank.<ref>[http://www.banque-france.fr/eurosysteme-et-international/zone-franc.html Zone franc sur le site de la Banque de France] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130120074029/http://www.banque-france.fr/eurosysteme-et-international/zone-franc.html Archived] 20 January 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Banque-france.fr. Retrieved</ref> Pele ga go menola puso ka Phatwe 2020, thuso ya mafatshe a a kwa ntle a U.S. go Mali e ne ya feta $135 million mo FY 2020, e ikaelela go nonotsha kagiso e e bokoa, puso ya mmuso wa batho ka batho le tshireletsego ya kgaolo, fa e ntse e rarabolola mathata a loago le a itsholelo. Morago ga go menola puso, thuso e thibetswe ke molao wa U.S., mme dithulaganyo tse di tswelelang di tsepamisitse mogopolo mo go nneng le tlhomamo, go tshepa puso ga batho, go kgona go itshokelana ga batho le go atlega ga itsholelo ya loago.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250217144258/https://ml.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/policy-history/#:~:text=U.S.%2DMALI%20RELATIONS,party%20state%20to%20multiparty%20democracy. U.S. Assistance to Mali]".</ref> Mali e ne e le mo maemong a bo lekgolo le masome a mararo le borataro 136 mo go a le bo lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe 139 mo [[Global Innovation Index]] ka 2024.<ref>[[:en:World_Intellectual_Property_Organization|World Intellectual Property Organization]] (2024). [https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/ ''Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship''.] Geneva. p. 18. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.34667/tind.50062|10.34667/tind.50062]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-805-3681-2|<bdi>978-92-805-3681-2</bdi>.]] Retrieved 22 October 2024</ref> == '''Temo - Thuo''' == Madirelo a magolo a kwa Mali ke temothuo. Khotone ke sejalo se se romelwang ntle se segolo go gaisa mo lefatsheng mme e romelwa kwa bophirima go ralala Senegal le Ivory Coast. <ref>Hale, Briony (13 May 1998). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Mali's Golden Hope]". ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711170446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Archived] from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref><ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa]]''. Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|<bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi>.]]</ref>Mo ngwageng wa 2002, ditone di le 620 000 tsa katune di ne tsa ntshiwa kwa Mali mme ditlhotlhwa tsa katune di ne tsa fokotsega thata ka 2003.<ref>Hale, Briony (13 May 1998). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Mali's Golden Hope]". ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711170446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Archived] from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> <ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa]]''. Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|978-0-7614-7571-2]]</bdi>.</ref>Mo godimo ga katune, Mali e ntsha raese, [[millet]], [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]], merogo, motsoko le dijalo tsa ditlhare. Gouta, leruo le temothuo di dira 80% ya dilwana tse di romelwang kwa ntle ga naga ya Mali.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008</ref> Mo dipalong Dile lekgolo 100 di le masome a borobabobedi 80 tsa badiri ba kwa Mali ba dira mo temothuong. Mo dipalong Dile lekgolo 100 di le lesome le botlhano 15 tsa badiri ba kwa Mali ba dira mo lephateng la ditirelo. <ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). [[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|''World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa''.]] Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|<bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi>.]]</ref>Go fetofetoga ga dipaka go baka [[go tlhoka tiro ga nakwana]] ga badiri ba temothuo.<ref>May, Jacques Meyer (1968). ''The Ecology of Malnutrition in the French Speaking Countries of West Africa and Madagascar''. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-02-848960-5</ref> == '''Meepo''' == Ka 1991, ka thuso ya [[International Development Association,]] Mali e ne ya nolofatsa tiragatso ya dikhoutu tsa meepo tse di neng tsa dira gore go nne le kgatlhego e ntšhwa le dipeeletso tsa mafatshe a sele mo madirelong a meepo.<ref>Campbell, Bonnie (2004). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|Regulating Mining in Africa: For Whose Benefit?]]''. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordic African Institute. p. 43. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|978-0-7614-7571-]]</bdi></ref> Gauta e epelwa kwa kgaolong ya borwa mme Mali e na le ntshokuno ya gauta e e kwa godimo go gaisa ya boraro mo Aforika (morago ga Afrika Borwa le [[Ghana]]). <ref>Hale, Briony (13 May 1998). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Mali's Golden Hope"]. ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711170446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Archived] from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref>Ka 2015, naga e tlhagisitse 41 metric tonnes ya gauta.<ref>"[https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gold-production?tab=table Gold production]". ''Our World in Data''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231129233804/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gold-production?tab=table Archived] from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2024.</ref> Go tlhagelela ga gauta jaaka sengwe se se kwa pele se se romelwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe la Mali go tloga ka 1999 go thusitse go fokotsa dingwe tsa ditlamorago tse di sa siamang tsa mathata a katune le Ivory Coast. <ref>African Development Bank, p. 186</ref>Metswedi e mengwe ya tlholego e akaretsa [[kaolin,]] letswai, [[phosphate]] le [[kapoko]].<ref>"[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> == '''Motlakase''' == Motlakase le metsi di tlhokomelwa ke Energie du Mali, kgotsa EDM, mme dilwana di dirwa ke Industry Textile du Mali, kgotsa ITEMA.<ref>"[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref>Mali e dirile tiriso e e nonofileng ya [[motlakase wa metsi]], o o akaretsang go feta sephato sa motlakase wa motlakase wa Mali. Ka 2002, 700 [[GWh]] ya motlakase wa metsi e ne ya tlhagisiwa kwa Mali.<ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa]]''. Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|<bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi>.]]</ref> Energie du Mali ke kompone ya motlakase e e tlamelang baagi ba kwa Mali ka motlakase. Mo dipalong dile lekgolo di le masome a matlhano le botlhano 55 fela tsa batho ba ba nnang mo ditoropong tse dikgolo ba ba kgonang go dirisa EDM.<ref>Farvacque-Vitkovic, Catherine ''et al.'' (September 2007) [http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp104_english.pdf DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITIES OF MALI — Challenges and Priorities] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120916110947/http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp104_english.pdf Archived] 16 September 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Africa Region Working Paper Series No. 104/a. </ref> == '''Ditlamelo tsa dipalangwa''' == Kwa Mali, go na le seporo se se yang kwa dinageng tse di gaufi le yone. Go na gape le maemafofane a ka nna 29, a le 8 a one a na le ditsela tsa go fofa tse di katisitsweng. <ref>"[https://www.countryreports.org/country/Mali/transportation.htm Mali transportation, roads, railways and airports | - CountryReports". ''www.countryreports.org''.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231014085131/https://www.countryreports.org/country/Mali/transportation.htm Archived] from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.</ref>Mafelo a ditoropo a itsege ka palo e kgolo ya [[dithekisi]] tse ditala le tse ditshweu. Bontsi jwa baagi bo ikaegile ka [[dipalanwga tsa botlhe]]. == Dipalopalo tsa batho == {| class="wikitable" |+Palo ya batho ba Mali<ref>"[https://population.un.org/wpp/ World Population Prospects 2022]". [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100]" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref> !Ngwaga !Million |- |1950 |4.7 |- |2000 |11 |- |2021 |21.9 |} [[Setshwantsho:Mali - Bozo girl in Bamako.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Bozo_people|Bozo]] girl in Bamak]] Ka 2021, palo ya batho ba Mali e ne e le dimilione di le 21,9<ref>"[https://population.un.org/wpp/ World Population Prospects 2022"]. [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"] (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref>Palo ya batho ba kwa Mali e ne ya gola go tswa go dimilione di le 7,7 ka 1982 go ya go dimilione di le 19,9 ka 2018. <ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?end=2018&locations=ML&name_desc=true&start=1982 Population, total | Data]". ''data.worldbank.org''. 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240518181332/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?end=2018&locations=ML&name_desc=true&start=1982 Archived] from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2023.</ref>Palo ya batho ba ba nnang koo ke ba ba nnang kwa magaeng (68% ka 2002), mme 5% - 10% ya batho ba kwa Mali ke batho ba [[ba tsamayang ka dinao]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 6</ref>Go feta 90% ya baagi ba nna kwa karolong e e kwa borwa jwa lefatshe, segolo thata kwa [[Bamako]], e e nang le baagi ba feta dimilione di le 2.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 6.</ref> Ka 2024, 47% ya batho ba kwa Mali ba ne ba le dingwaga di le 14 kgotsa kwa tlase, 50% ba ne ba le dingwaga di le 15-64, mme 3% ba ne ba le dingwaga di le 65 kgotsa go feta. <ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agen]cy". ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> Palogare ya dingwaga tsa bone e ne e le 16.4.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "Africa: [https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency"]. ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref>[[Palo ya bana ba ba belegwang]] ka 2024 e ne e le 40 ka 1000, mme [[palogotlhe ya bana ba ba belegwang]] ka 2024 e ne e le 5.35 bana ka mosadi.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali "Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> [[Palo ya dintsho]] ka 2024 e ne e le 8.1 mo bathong ba le 1000.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved</ref>[[Botshelo jo bo lebeletsweng]] ka nako ya go belegwa e ne e le dingwaga di le 63.2 (60.9 mo banneng le 65.6 mo basading).<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved</ref>Mali e na le nngwe ya dipalo tse di kwa godimo tsa lefatshe tsa [[go swa ga masea]],<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile, p. 6.]]</ref> ka dintsho di le 57.4 ka masea a a tshotsweng a le 1000 ka 2024.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> == ''Ditoropo tse dikgolo kwa Mali'' == {{Largest cities of Mali}} == ''Ditlhopha tsa setso'' == [[Setshwantsho:Traveller at Bambara wedding, Mali, West Africa.tiff|thumb|A [[:en:Bambara_people|Bambara]] wedding in Mali, observed by a tourist]] [[Setshwantsho:Mali family.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Fulani|Fulani]] children in Mali]] [[Setshwantsho:Mali1974-151 hg.jpg|thumb|The [[:en:Tuareg_people|Tuareg]] are nomadic inhabitants of northern Mali]] Batho ba kwa Mali ba akaretsa merafe e le mmalwa ya kwa borwa jwa Sahara. Ba-Bambara ke bone morafe o mogolo go gaisa, ba dira nngwetharong ya baagi.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved</ref>Merafe e megolo ke Bambara (33.3%), Fulani (Peuhl) (13.3%), Sarakole/Soninke/Marka (9.8%), Senufo/Manianka (9.6%), Malinke (8.8%), Dogon (8.7%), Sonrai (5.9%), Bobo (2.1%), Tuareg/Bella (1.7%), Malian a mangwe (6%), go tswa mo malokong a Economic Community of West Africa (0.4%), a mangwe (0.3%) (2018 est).<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency (]]27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref>Kwa Mali le kwa [[Niger]], Ba-Moor ba itsege gape jaaka [[Ba-Azawagh Arabs,]] ba ba teeletsweng ka kgaolo ya [[Azawagh]] ya [[Sahara]]. Ba bua thata [[Searabia sa Hassaniya]], e leng nngwe ya [[dipuo tse di farologaneng tsa Searabia]].<ref>Popenoe, Rebecca (2003) ''Feeding Desire – Fatness, Beauty and Sexuality among a Saharan People''. Routledge, London. pp. 16–17. ISBN 0-415-28096-6</ref> Kwa bokone jo bo kgakala, go na le kgaogano magareng ga [[Ba-Berber]] ba ba tswang mo [[Ba-Tuareg]] ba ba fudugelang kwa mafelong a a farologaneng le batho ba letlalo le lentsho ba Ba-Bella kgotsa [[Ba-Tamasheq]], ka ntlha ya go anama ga [[bokgoba]] mo kgaolong eo. Go fopholediwa gore batho ba le 800 000 kwa Mali ba tswa mo makgobeng. <ref>Tran, Mark (23 October 2012). "[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Mali conflict puts freedom of 'slave descendants' in peril"]. ''The Guardian''. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005100538/http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Archived] from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2012</ref>[[Bokgoba]] bo nnile teng kwa Mali ka makgolokgolo a dingwaga.<ref>Fortin, Jacey (16 January 2013). "[http://www.ibtimes.com/malis-other-crisis-slavery-still-plagues-mali-insurgency-could-make-it-worse-1017280 Mali's Other Crisis: Slavery Still Plagues Mali, And Insurgency Could Make It Worse]". ''International Business Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141208102058/http://www.ibtimes.com/malis-other-crisis-slavery-still-plagues-mali-insurgency-could-make-it-worse-1017280 Archived] from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2013.</ref> Baagi ba Maarabia ba ne ba nna le makgoba go fitlha ka lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga, go fitlha bokgoba bo ne jwa thibelwa ke [[balaodi ba France]] mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga. Go santse go na le dikamano tse di rileng tsa boswa tsa bokgoba,<ref>[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/12/1206_021205_salakkayak.html Kayaking to Timbuktu, Writer Sees Slave Trade] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171010190141/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/12/1206_021205_salakkayak.html Archived] 10 October 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". National Geographic News. 5 December 2002.</ref> <ref>[http://www.kirasalak.com/Mali.html "Kayaking to Timbuktu, Original National Geographic Adventure Article discussing Slavery in Mali] [https://web.archive.org/web/20100922151608/http://www.kirasalak.com/Mali.html Archived] 22 September 2010 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". National Geographic Adventure. December 2002/January 2003.</ref>mme go ya ka diphopholetso dingwe, le gompieno go santse go na le batho ba ba ka nnang 200 000 ba ba santseng ba le mo bokgobeng.<ref>[[:en:Rick_MacInnes-Rae|MacInnes-Rae, Rick]] (26 November 2012). "[http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/al-qaeda-complicating-anti-slavery-drive-in-mali-1.1150057 Al-Qaeda complicating anti-slavery drive in Mali"]. CBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140305175918/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/al-qaeda-complicating-anti-slavery-drive-in-mali-1.1150057 Archived] from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2014.</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba tswakaneng ba Yuropa/Aforika ba e leng ditlogolwana tsa Bamoseleme ba ba tswang kwa [[Spain,]] mmogo le ba ba tswang kwa France, Ireland, Italy le Portugal, ba nna kwa Mali, koo ba itsegeng e le [[batho ba Arma]] (1% ya baagi ba lefatshe leo).<ref>Fage, J. D.; Gray, Richard; Oliver, Roland (1975). ''[[iarchive:cambridgehistory05fage|The Cambridge History of Africa]]''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521204132</ref> Le fa gone Mali e na le dikamano tse di siameng tsa merafe e e farologaneng tse di theilweng mo ditsong e telele ya go tshela mmogo, go na le dikamano tsa boswa le bokgoba, mmogo le kgotlhang ya semorafe magareng ga Ba-Songhai le Ba-Tuareg ba kwa bokone. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6</ref>Ka ntlha ya go tlhaselwa ga batho ba bokone morago ga boipuso, Mali jaanong e mo seemong se mo go sona ditlhopha ka bobedi di ngongoregang ka kgethololo go tswa mo setlhopheng se sengwe.<ref>Hall, Bruce S. (2011) ''A History of Race in Muslim West Africa'', 1600–1960. Cambridge University Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9781107002876|9781107002876]]: "The mobilization of local ideas about racial difference has been important in generating, and intensifying, civil wars that have occurred since the end of colonial rule in all of the countries that straddle the southern edge of the Sahara Desert. ... contemporary conflicts often hearken back to an older history in which blackness could be equated with slavery and non-blackness with predatory and uncivilized banditry." (cover text)</ref> Kganetsano eno e na le seabe mo [[kgotlhang e e tsweletseng kwa Bokone]] [[jwa Mali]] koo go nang le kgotlhang magareng ga Ba-Tuareg le puso ya Mali, le Ba-Tuareg le [[Ba-Islam]] ba ba feteletsang dilo ba ba lekang go tlhoma [[molao wa sharia]].<ref>Hirsch, Afua (6 July 2012) [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/06/mali-war-over-skin-colour Mali's conflict and a 'war over skin colour]' [https://web.archive.org/web/20170211081540/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/06/mali-war-over-skin-colour Archived] 11 February 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machin]]<nowiki/>e, ''The Guardian''</ref> == '''Dipuo''' == Ka Hirikgong 2022, ka ntlha ya go senyega ga dikamano magareng ga Mali le puso ya France, puso ya Mali e ne ya itsise go dira Bambara puo ya semmuso.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/31/africa/mali-french-ambassador-expelled-intl/index.html Mali's military rulers say French ambassador has 72 hours to leave the country".] CNN. 31 January 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220213181820/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/31/africa/mali-french-ambassador-expelled-intl/index.html Archived] from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.</ref> Ka Phukwi 2023, [[Sefora]] se ne sa tlogelwa jaaka puo ya semmuso, mme boemong jwa seo sa nna [[puo e e dirisiwang]].<ref>[https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION"] (PDF). ''sgg-mali.ml'' (in French). 22 July 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023. <q>Article 31 : Les langues nationales sont les langues officielles du Mali.</q> [Article 31: The national languages are the official languages of Mali.]</ref>Ka nako e le nngwe, dipuo tse di lesome le boraro 13 tsa bosetšhaba,<ref>[https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2017-0735/P-RM DU 21 AOUT 2017 FIXANT L'ORGANISATION ET LES MODALITES DE FONCTIONNEMENT DES STRUCTURES DE L'EDUCATION NON FORMELLE"] (PDF). ''sgg-mali.ml'' (in French). 21 August 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230803235822/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023. <q>Selon la Loi n°96- 049 du 23 août 1996, les langues nationales du Mali sont : (...)</q> [According to Law No. 96-049 of 23 August 1996, the national languages of Mali are: (...)]</ref>e leng [[Sebambara]], [[Sebobo]], [[Sebozo]], [[Sedogon]], [[Sefula]], [[Searabia]] [[sa Hassaniya]], [[Sekasonke]], [[Semaninke]], [[Seminyanka]], [[Senufo]], [[dipuo tsa Songhay]], [[Sesoninke]] le [[Setamasheq]], di ne tsa nna dipuo tsa semmuso. <ref>[https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION]" (PDF). ''sgg-mali.ml'' (in French). 22 July 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023. <q>Article 31 : Les langues nationales sont les langues officielles du Mali.</q> [Article 31: The national languages are the official languages of Mali.]</ref>[[Puo e e dirisiwang thata]] kwa Mali ke [[Se-Bambara]], se mo go sone fa mo palong ya masome a robabobedi 80% ya baagi mo palong ya lekgolo 100% ba kgonang go buisana ka sone. <ref name=":14">[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6</ref>Dipuo tse dingwe tse di fetang masome a le mane 40 tsa [[Aforika]] di buiwa ke merafe e e farologaneng ya Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6.</ref> Go ya ka palobatho ya 2009, dipuo tse di buiwang mo lefatsheng la kwa Mali e ne e le [[Sebambara]] ka 51.5%, [[Sefula]] (8.3%), [[Sedogon]] (6.6%) [[Sesoninké]] (5.7%), [[Sesonhai]] (5.3%), [[Semandinka]] (5.2%), [[Seminianka]] (3.8%), [[Setamasheq]] (3.2%). [[Se-Tieyaxo Bozo]] (1.6%), [[Se-Kassonké]] (1.1%), [[Se-Maure]] (1%), [[Se-Dafing]] (0.4%), [[Se-Samogo]] (0.4%), [[Searabia]] ([[Se-Hassaniya]]) (0.3%), dipuo tse dingwe tsa Se-Mali (0.5%), dipuo tse dingwe tsa Se Aforika (0.2%), le dipuo tse dingwe tse e seng tsa Se Aforika (0.2%); 0.7% ga e a bolela puo ya bona ya ntlha.<ref name=":14" /> == '''Tumelo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Mosque entrance (6862566).jpg|thumb|An entrance to the Djinguereber mosque]] {{Bar box|Float=right|title=[[Religion in Mali]]<ref name = IRFR/>|title bar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right 1=Percent|bars={{bar percent|[[Islam in Mali|Islam]]|green|90}} {{bar percent|Christianity|blue|5}} {{bar percent|[[Indigenous religion|Indigenous]]|red|5}}}}Tumelo ya se Islam e ne ya tsenngwa mo Aforika Bophirima mo lekgolong la bo lesome le bongwe 11 la dingwaga mme e sa ntse e le yone tumedi e e laolang mo karolong e kgolo ya kgaolo eno.Go fopholediwa gore 90% ya batho ba Mali ke batumelo ya Se [[Muslim]] (bontsi ke [[Sunni]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121024125551/http://www.pewforum.org/uploadedFiles/Topics/Religious_Affiliation/Muslim/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity"] (PDF). Pew Forum on Religious & Public life. 9 August 2012. Archived from [https://www.pewforum.org/uploadedFiles/Topics/Religious_Affiliation/Muslim/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2014.</ref>), e ka nna 5% ke Bakeresete (mo e ka nnang pedi tharong ya [[Roma Katoliki]] le nngwe tharong ya [[Porotesetanta]]) mme 5% e e setseng e ngaparela [[ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika]] jaaka [[bodumedi jwa Dogon]].<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2008/108379.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2008: Mali Archived] 18 January 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. State.gov (19 September 2008). Retrieved 4 May 2012.</ref>Go dumelwa gore [[bolatolamodimo]] le [[go sa dumele mo Modimong]] ga go bonwe thata mo bathong ba kwa Mali, ba bontsi jwa bone ba dirisang bodumedi jwa bone letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7.</ref> Molao motheo o tlhoma [[puso e e sa amaneng]] le bodumedi mme o dira gore batho ba nne le [[kgololesego ya bodumedi]], mme puso e tlotla tshwanelo eno thata.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7.</ref> Tumelo ya Islam jaaka e ne e dirisiwa mo ditsong kwa Mali e ntse e le bonolo e bile e tlwaela maemo a lefelo leo; dikamano magareng ga Mamoseleme le badiragatsi ba ditumelo tsa bodumedi jo bonnye ka kakaretso di nnile tsa botsalano.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga gore puso ya [[sharia]] e tlhomiwe ka ngwaga wa 2012 kwa dikarolong tse di kwa bokone jwa lefatshe, Mali e ne ya nna kwa godimo (nomoro ya bosupa 7) mo lenaaneng la pogiso ya Bakeresete le le gatisitsweng ke [[Open Doors]], le le neng la tlhalosa pogiso kwa bokone e le e e maswe thata.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/report-points-to-100-million-persecuted-christians/a-16507067 Report points to 100 million persecuted Christians]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150406223430/http://www.dw.de/report-points-to-100-million-persecuted-christians/a-16507067 Archived] 6 April 2015 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 10 January 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.worldwatchlist.us/ OPEN DOORS World Watch list 2012] [https://web.archive.org/web/20191210101952/https://worldwatchlist.us/ Archived] 10 December 2019 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Worldwatchlist.us. Retrieved 24 March 2013</ref> == '''Thuto''' == [[Setshwantsho:Lycéens kati.jpg|thumb|High school students in [[:en:Kati|Kati]]]] Thuto ya setšhaba kwa Mali ka molawana e neelwa mahala mme e a patelediwa dingwaga di le borobabongwe magareng ga dingwaga di le supa 7 le di le lesome le borataro 16.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 7</ref>Tsamaiso e akaretsa dingwaga di le thataro tsa thuto ya kwa moding ya dikolo tse di potlana go simolola ka dingwaga di le supa 7, mme morago ga moo go latele dingwaga di le thataro 6 tsa thuto e kgolwane ya dikolo tsa secondary. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref>Selekanyo sa boammaruri sa go ikwadisa kwa sekolong se se potlana kwa Mali se kwa tlase, bontsi jwa sone ke ka gonne malapa a sa kgone go duelela paka ya sekolo, dibuka, dilwana le dituediso tse dingwe tse di tlhokegang go tsena sekolo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2017, seelo sa ikwadiso ya dikolo tse dipotlana e ne e le 61% (65% ya banna le 58% ya basadi).<ref>[http://datatopics.worldbank.org/education/country/mali Education Statistics]". ''datatopics.worldbank.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507101442/https://datatopics.worldbank.org/education/country/mali Archived] from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2019.</ref>Mo bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990, seelo sa ikwadiso ya dikolo tse dikgolwane e ne e le 15% (20% ya banna le 10% ya basadi). <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref>Tsamaiso ya thuto e tshwerwe ke tlhaelo ya dikolo kwa metse selegaeng, mmogo le tlhaelo ya barutabana le didirisiwa.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Diphopholetso tsa dikelo tsa go kgona go bala le go kwala kwa Mali di simolola ka 27–30 go ya go 46.4%, ka dikelo tsa go kgona go bala le go kwala di le kwa tlase thata mo basading go na le mo banneng.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 7</ref> [[Mmadikolo wa Bamako]], o o akaretsang bomadikolo ba le nne go bopa, ke mmadikolo yo o mogolo go gaisa gotlhe mo lefatsheng mme o kwadisa baithuti ba ka nna 60 000 ba pele ga kalogo le ba kalogo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130513192022/http://globalhealth.northwestern.edu/MedEd/current-affiliations/Bamako_Mali.html Université de Bamako – Bamako, Mali]". Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20130513192022/http://globalhealth.northwestern.edu/MedEd/current-affiliations/Bamako_Mali.html the original] on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013</ref> == '''Botsogo''' == Mali e lebagane le dikgwetlho di le dintsi tsa botsogo tse di amanang le lehuma, [[tlala]], le [[bophepa]] le [[tikologo e e phepa]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref>Ditshupo tsa botsogo le tlhabololo ya Mali di mo gare ga tse di maswe go gaisa mo lefatsheng.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Botshelo jwa motho fa a tsholwa bo fopholediwa go nna dingwaga di le 63.2 ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2000, 62–65% ya baagi e ne e fopholediwa go fitlhelela metsi a a babalesegileng a go nowa mme ke fela 69% ya ditirelo tsa go phepafatsa tikologo tsa mofuta mongwe.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2001, ditshenyegelo tsa puso ka kakaretso mo botsogong di ne di le mo e ka nnang P1 000 ka tlhogo ka pharologanyo ya selekanyo sa kananyo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8</ref> Go dirilwe maiteko a go tokafatsa phepo ya dijo, le go fokotsa mathata a a amanang le botsogo, ka go rotloetsa basadi go dira diphetolelo tse di nang le phepo ya dijo tsa diresipe tsa selegae. Ka sekai, [[Setheo sa Patlisiso sa Dijalo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Ditropiki tse di Omeletseng]] (ICRISAT) le [[Mokgatlho wa Aga Khan]], di ne tsa katisa ditlhopha tsa basadi go dira equinut, e leng mofuta o o itekanetseng le o o nang le dikotla wa risepe ya setso ya di-dèguè (e e nang le pheisete ya matonkomane, tswina ya dinotshe le mmidi kgotsa bupi jwa raese). Maikaelelo e ne e le go godisa phepo ya dijo le matshelo ka go tlhagisa setlhagiswa se basadi ba ka se dirang le go se rekisa, mme se se tla amogelwang ke baagi ba selegae ka ntlha ya boswa jwa sona jwa selegae.<ref>''[http://www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2013/04/Nourishing-Communities-Through-Holistic-Farming Nourishing communities through holistic farming]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20181006235945/https://www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2013/04/Nourishing-Communities-Through-Holistic-Farming Archived] 6 October 2018 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], Impatient optimists, [[:en:Gates_Foundation|Gates Foundation]]. 30 April 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|thumb|Village in the [[:en:Sahel|Sahel]] region]] Ditlamelo tsa kalafi kwa Mali di lekanyeditswe thata, mme melemo e a tlhaela.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8.</ref>[[Malaria]] le malwetse a mangwe a a tshelanwang ke [[di-arthropod]] a aname kwa Mali, fela jaaka [[malwetse a le mmalwa a a tshelanwang]] a a jaaka [[kholera]] le [[kgotlholo ya mahatlha]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8</ref>Batho ba Mali le bone ba na le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa phepelotlase ya bana le [[Selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa go kentiwa|selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa go]] [[Selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa go kentiwa|kentiwa]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8.</ref>Go fopholediwa gore 1.9% ya bagolo le bana ba ne ba tshwerwe ke HIV/AIDS mo ngwageng oo,[<nowiki/>[[go tlhokega tlhaloso]]] mo gare ga dikelo tse di kwa tlase mo Aforika e e kwa [[Borwa jwa Sahara]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8.</ref> Go fopholediwa gore 85%–91% ya basetsana le basadi ba Mali [[ba kile ba kgaolwa dirwe tsa tlhakanelodikobo]] tsa basadi (tshedimosetso ya 2006 le 2001).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090716094114/http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/prevalence/en/index.html WHO | Female genital mutilation and other harmful practices]. Who.int (6 May 2011). Retrieved 4 May 2012.</ref><ref>[http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/CR7/CR7.pdf Female genital cutting in the Demographic Health Surveys: a critical and comparative analysis. Calverton, MD: ORC Marco; 2004 (DHS Comparative Reports No. 7)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140426233743/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/CR7/CR7.pdf Archived] 26 April 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. (PDF). Retrieved 18 January 2013</ref> Ka 2024, batho ba ka nna million di le 7.1 kwa Mali, go akaretsa le bana ba feta million di le 3.8, ba tlhoka thuso e e potlakileng ya botho ka ntlha ya dikgotlhang tse di ntseng di oketsega le mathata a tepo ya loapi. [[UNICEF]] e godisa maiteko a yona a go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botlhokwa jaaka botsogo, thuto, le tshireletso, fa e ntse e ikuela ka ledi la dollar le le million di le 133,5 go itebaganya le ditlhokego tseno. Seemo se maswe thata, ka bana ba feta 522 000 ba tlhoka phitlhelelo ya thuto Mme matshwititshwiti a le mo kotsing ya go tlhoka phepelotlase ya dijo mo gare ga dikarabo tsa botho tse di sa tlamelweng ka bonako. Go tlhokega kgato e e potlakileng go fokotsa ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka, go tlhoka tshireletsego le phetogo ya loapi mo baaging ba ba mo kotsing kwa Mali.<ref>"[https://www.unicef.org/mali/en/press-releases/mali-more-half-71-million-people-requiring-humanitarian-assistance-2024-are-children In Mali, more than half of the 7.1 million people requiring humanitarian assistance in 2024 are children]".</ref> == '''Tekatekano ya bong''' == Ka 2017, Mali e ne e le mo maemong a bo lekgolo le masome a matlhano le bosupa 157 mo mafatsheng a le lekgolo le masome a le marataro 160 mo tshupegetsong ya go tlhoka tekatekano ya bong jaaka go begilwe ke [[Lenaneo la Tlhabololo la Ditšhabakopano]].<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MLI.pdf Human Development Indices and Indicators: 2018 Statistical Update: Mali"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190325093238/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MLI.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Molao motheo wa Mali o bolela gore o sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi, le fa go ntse jalo go na le melao e mentsi e e tlhaolang basadi.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Dipeelo tse di mo melaong di lekanyetsa maatla a basadi a go dira ditshwetso morago ga lenyalo, mo monna a nnang kwa godimo ga mosadi wa gagwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali]" (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Basadi ba bonwa molato wa go sa tshegetse tebego ya banna ba bona mme gape ba bonwa molato wa ditiro tsa bana ba bone fa ba sa itshware sentle, se se rotloetsang maikutlo a setso a gore basadi ba kwa tlase ga banna.<ref>[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Go tlhoka go tsaya karolo ga basadi mo dipolotiking go bakwa ke kakanyo ya gore dipolotiki di amana le banna le gore basadi ba tshwanetse go itlhokomolosa lekalana le.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Thuto gape ke karolo e basimane ba laolang mo go yone, ka e le peeletso e e botoka mo batsading.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Jaaka fa mekgwa le ditiro tsa setso di nnile le seabe mo go tlhokeng tekatekano ya bong kwa Mali, dikgotlhang le go tlhoka molao le tsone di tlhotlheleditse phatlha e e golang ya bong ka tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT]" (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Puso e e sa tlhomamang ya Mali e dirile gore mekgatlho e e tshwanang le USAID e leke go tokafatsa matshelo a batho, bogolo jang ditshwanelo tsa basadi le basetsana gore e kgone go nna le seabe gape mo tlhabololong ya lefatshe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT]" (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> == '''Dikamano tsa bong''' == Bodumedi, ditlwaelo tsa botlhogoethata, le [[kgokgontsho e e ikaegileng ka bong]] ke dintlha tse di sa siamang tse di bopang botshelo jwa basadi kwa Mali.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Ditlwaelo tsa botlhogoethata di baka go tlhoka tekatekano mo tsa bong mme di dira gore banna ba nne le taolo mo lelapeng.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Basetsana ba ithuta ditiro tsa mo gae jaaka ditiro tsa mo gae, go apaya, go tlhokomela bana, go akaretsang tse dingwe fela jalo,ba sa le bannye mme ba solofelwa go tsaya maikarabelo a magolo a ditiro tsa mo gae mo botshelong jwa bone jotlhe. Se se kgoreletsa bokgoni jwa basadi jwa go tsena mo tirong e e tlhomameng mme se dira gore basetsana ba se ka ba rutega.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong kwa Mali e diragala mo maemong a bosetšhaba le a lelapa. Mo maemong a bosetšhaba, ka ngwaga wa 2012 kgotlhang kwa karolong e e kwa Bokone jwa lefatshe e ne ya oketsa dikgetse tsa go gapa batho ka dikgoka le dipetelelo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Ntwa gape e ne ya fokotsa phitlhelelo ya basadi ya ditsompelo, itsholelo, le ditshono.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Mo maemong a malapa, basadi ba Mali ba lebane le tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong ka tirisodikgoka ya mo gae, manyalo a a patelediwang, le petelelo ya lenyalo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Patlisiso ya tsa botsogo ya Batho ba Mali ka ngwaga wa 2013 e boletse gore 76% ya basadi le 54% ya banna ba dumela gore go utlwisa basadi botlhoko mo mmeleng go a amogelesega fa basadi ba ka fisa dijo, ba ngangisana, ba tswa ba sa itsise monna wa gagwe, kgotsa ba gana go tlhakanela dikobo le monna wa gagwe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali]" (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2024, badiredi ba Mali ba ne ba amogela molaotlhomo o o neng o dira gore [[dikamano tsa tlhakanelo dikobo ya bong Jo bo tshwanang]] fa gare ga banyalani ba bong jo bo tshwanang e nne bosenyi.<ref>Billson, Chantelle (5 November 2024). "[https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/11/05/mali-moves-to-criminalise-homosexuality-with-new-anti-gay-law/ Mali moves to criminalise homosexuality for the first time with new anti-gay law]". ''PinkNews''. Retrieved 20 November 2024.</ref> == '''Lefelo la tšhono''' == Go tlhoka thuto go okeditse go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong kwa Mali ka gonne ga se basadi ba le bantsi ba ba berekang kwa ntle ga malapa ba ba tsayang karolo mo lephateng la Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Morago ga go fetola ditlhokego tsa go tsena le phitlhelelo ya thuto, basetsana ba santse ba na le dikelo tse di kwa tlase tsa ikwadiso le phitlhelelo e nnye ya thuto e e rulagantsweng.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Dipalo tsa go tlogela sekolo tsa basetsana di kwa godimo ka 15% go feta tsa basimane ka gonne ba na le maikarabelo a a kwa godimo kwa gae mme bontsi jwa batsadi ba gana go letlelela bana botlhe ba bona go tsena sekolo, ka jalo basimane ba na le go rutega.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Fela jalo, thuto ya boranyane le ya tiro ya diatla e na le palo e e kwa tlase ya basetsana ba ba tsayang karolo mme ga e a anamisiwa sentle mo lefatsheng ka gonne mafelo a ikatiso a tlhomilwe kwa ditoropong tsa ditoropo tse di tlhabologileng.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Kwa bofelong, thuto e kgolwane ya basetsana e na le mananeo a makhutshwane ka gonne manyalo a a sa ntseng a le bannye a thibela bontsi jwa basetsana go latela thulaganyo ya thuto ya paka e telele jaaka ya maranyane.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Le fa basadi ba sena phitlhelelo e e tshwanang ya thuto, mo dingwageng tse di fetileng basadi ba ntse ba tsena le go emela mo maemong a go tsaya ditshwetso mo lephateng la Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Mo malokong a Palamente a le lekgolo le masome a le mane le bosupa 147, a le lesome le botlhano 15 e ne e le basadi ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Dingwagasome tsa sešweng di bontsha gore basadi ba tsena ka iketlo mo maemong a a botlhokwa a go tsaya ditshwetso se se fetolang maikutlo le maemo a basadi kwa Mali, se se dirileng gore ditshwanelo tsa basadi di rotloediwe mo lephateng la sepolotiki.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> == '''Maiteko''' == Melao mo maemong a boditšhabatšhaba le a bosetšhaba e tsentswe tirisong mo dingwageng di le lesome go thusa go rotloetsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi kwa Mali.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Kwa kopanong ya boditšhabatšhaba, Mali e rurifaditse kwa [[Beijing Platform for Action]] e e akantseng gore basadi ba tshwanetse go tsaya karolo mo go tseyeng ditshwetso le tumalano ya go Fedisa Mefuta Yotlhe ya Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi e e leng motheo wa go rotloetsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Mo maemong a bosetšhaba, Molao motheo wa Mali o na le Taelo ya No. 092-073P-CTSP e e bolelang gore baagi botlhe ba Mali ba a lekana mme go tlhaola go thibetswe, e leng se se iseng se latelwe.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Lenaneo la Togamaano ya Phokotso ya Lehuma (PRSP) le Lenaneo la Togamaano ya Kgolo le Phokotso ya Lehuma ka fa tlase ga Puso ya Mali di batla go tokafatsa botsogo jwa baagi, le diphetogo mo pusong le bong mo lefatsheng.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Lephata la Tsweletsopele ya Basadi, Bana le Malapa le tlhametswe basadi le bana ka tlhamalalo gore ditshwanelo tsa bona tsa motheo le ditlhokego di fitlhelelwe ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Le fa go na le molao le maitlamo a tekatekano ya bong go dira gore maitlamo a Bosetšhaba ya Bong ya Mali e nne setheo go botlhokwa go tshegetsa botlhokwa jwa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Go thatafatsa le go rotloetsa phitlhelelo ya basetsana le basadi mo thutong le ikatiso go a amogelesega go tokafatsa tekatekano ya bong kwa Mali. <ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Go nna le seabe ga mekgatlho ya boditšhabatšhaba jaaka USAID go thusa lefatshe la Mali ka tsa madi go tokafatsa tlhabololo ya lone ka maiteko a go tokafatsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> == Ngwao == [[Setshwantsho:Konoguel Mosque tower (6439210).jpg|thumb|[[:en:Konoguel_Mosque|Konoguel Mosque]] tower]] Setso se se farologaneng sa letsatsi le letsatsi sa batho ba Mali se bontsha pharologano ya merafe le ya di ngwao tsa lefatshe.<ref>Pye-Smith, Charlie & Rhéal Drisdelle. ''Mali: A Prospect of Peace?'' Oxfam (1997). [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-85598-334-5|0-85598-334-5]], p. 13.</ref> Bontsi jwa batho ba kwa Mali ba apara diaparo tse di elelang, tse di mebalabala tse di bidiwang [[boubous]] tse di tlwaelegileng kwa Aforika Bophirima.ba Mali gantsi ba nna le seabe mo meletlong ya setso, metantsho le meletlong.<ref>Pye-Smith, Charlie & Rhéal Drisdelle. ''Mali: A Prospect of Peace?'' Oxfam (1997). [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-85598-334-5|0-85598-334-5,]] p. 13.</ref> == '''Mmino''' == [[Setshwantsho:Mali Dogon Dance.jpg|thumb|Mali Dogon Dance]] Dingwao tsa mmino wa Mali di tswa mo di-griot, tse di itsegeng jaaka "Batlhokomedi ba Dikgopolo".<ref>Crabill, Michelle and Tiso, Bruce (January 2003). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030625150509/http://www.fcps.edu/KingsParkES/technology/mali/malihis.htm Mali Resource Website.] Fairfax County Public Schools. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref>Mmino wa Mali o mefutafuta mme o na le mefuta e le mmalwa e e farologaneng. Ditlhotlheletso dingwe tse di tumileng tsa Mali mo mminong ke seopedi se segolo sa [[kora]] [[Toumani Diabaté]], seopedi se segolo sa kora le [[Bassekou Kouyate]] setswerere sa mmino wa motlakase, moletsakatara wa medi le blues yo o tlhokafetseng [[Ali Farka Touré]], setlhopha sa mmino sa [[Tuareg]] e bong [[Tinariwen]], [[Khaira Arby]], le bataki ba le mmalwa ba mmino wa Afro-pop, Sangare, [[Fatoumata Diawara]], [[Rokia Traore]] le [[Habib Koité.]] Motantsho le one o na le seabe se segolo mo setsong sa Mali.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150423113351/http://www.ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html Music]". Embassy of the Republic of Mali in Japan. Archived from [http://ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html the original] on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013</ref> Mediro ya boipelo wa go bina ke ditiragalo tse di tlwaelegileng mo ditsaleng, mme metantsho ya setso ya dimmaseke e dirwa kwa ditiragalong tsa meletlo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150423113351/http://www.ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html Music]". Embassy of the Republic of Mali in Japan. Archived from [http://ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html the original] on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013</ref> == '''Ditlhangwa''' == Le fa dikwalo tsa Mali di sa itsege thata jaaka mmino wa tsone,<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 29.</ref>Mali e ntse e le nngwe ya mafelo a a tshelang thata a botlhale jwa tlhamo mo Aforika.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128</ref>Tlwaelo ya dikwalo ya Mali e fetisiwa thata ka molomo, ka jalis e boeletsa kgotsa e opela ditiragalo le dikgang tse di itsiweng ka tlhogo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28</ref> [[Amadou Hampâté Bâ]], raditiragalo yo o itsegeng thata wa Mali, o ne a fetsa bontsi jwa botshelo jwa gagwe a kwala dingwao tseno tsa molomo gore lefatshe le di gakologelwe.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28</ref> Padi e e itsegeng thata ya mokwadi wa Mo-Mali ke ya ga [[Yambo Ouologuem]] ya Le devoir de violence, e e neng ya gapa [[Prix Renaudot]] ya 1968 mme boswa jwa yone bo ne jwa senngwa ke ditatofatso tsa go utswa.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28</ref>Bakwadi ba bangwe ba ba itsegeng thata ba Mali ba akaretsa Baba Traoré, Modibo Sounkalo Keita, [[Massa Makan Diabate]], [[Moussa Konate,]] le [[Fily Dabo Sissoko]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128.</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28.</ref> == '''Motshameko''' == [[Motshameko o o ratiwang thata kwa Mali]] ke [[kgwele ya dinao ya mokgatlho]],<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":16" />e e neng ya tlhagelela thata morago ga gore Mali e nne mofenyi wa [[Sejana sa Ditšhabatšhaba sa Aforika sa 2002.]]<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":18" />Bontsi jwa ditoropo le ditoropo di na le metshameko ya ka metlha;<ref name=":19" /> ditlhopha tse di ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng ke [[Djoliba AC]], [[Stade Malien]], le [[Real Bamako]], tsotlhe di kwa motsemogolo.<ref name=":20" /> Metshameko e e sa tlhomamang gantsi e tshamekiwa ke basha ba dirisa ngata ya matsela jaaka bolo.<ref name=":21" /> Kgwele ya dinao ke motshameko o mongwe o mogolo;<ref>[[:en:Mali#DiPiazza|DiPiazza]], p. 55</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080101165700/http://www.africabasket.com/mli/mli.asp "Malian Men Basketball"]. [[:en:Africabasket.com|Africabasket.com]]. Retrieved </ref>[[setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa bolotlola sa basadi sa Mali]], se se neng se eteletswe pele ke [[Hamchetou Maiga,]] se ne sa gaisana kwa [[Diolimpiking tsa Beijing]] tsa 2008.<ref>Chitunda, Julio. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184921/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/news/latenews/arti.asp?newsid=23726 Ruiz looks to strengthen Mali roster ahead of Beijing"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184921/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/news/latenews/arti.asp?newsid=23726 Archived] 3 March 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:FIBA|FIBA]].com (13 March 2008). Retrieved 24 June 2008.</ref>[[Mabole a setso]] (la lutte) le one a tlwaelegile, le fa go tuma ga one go fokotsegile mo dingwageng tsa bosheng.<ref>Hudgens, Jim, Richard Trillo, and Nathalie Calonnec. ''The [[:en:Rough_Guides|Rough Guide]] to West Africa''. Rough Guides (2003). [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/1-84353-118-6|1-84353-118-6]], p. 320.</ref> Motshameko wa [[wari]], mofuta wa [[mancala]], ke motshameko o o tlwaelegileng.<ref>[[:en:Mali#DiPiazza|DiPiazza]], p. 55</ref> Mali e ne e na le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa banna sa [[volleyball ya lebopo]] se se neng se gaisana kwa [[Sejaneng sa continental]] sa [[Volleyball ya Lebopo sa CAVB]] sa [[2018–2020]].<ref>[https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414 Continental Cup Finals start in Africa]". [[:en:FIVB|''FIVB''.]] 22 June 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210807141038/https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414 Archived] from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref> == '''Dijo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Malian Tea2.JPG|thumb|Malian tea]] Raese le [[mmidi]] ke dijo tsa konokono tsa [[dijo tsa Mali,]] tse di lemiwamg thata mo e leng tsone tsa korong.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 146</ref> korong ka kakaretso e apewa ka disose tse di dirilweng ka matlhare a a jewang, jaaka morogo wa [[spinach]] kgotsa [[baobab]], ka sose ya matonkomane a tamati, mme di ka tsamaya le dikarolo tsa nama e e besitsweng (ka tlwaelo nama ya koko, ya nku, ya [[kgomo]], kgotsa ya podi).<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30.</ref>Dijo tsa Mali di farologana go ya ka dikgaolo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 146</ref>Dijo tse dingwe tse di ratiwang thata di akaretsa [[fufu]], [[raese ya jollof]] le [[maafe]]. == '''Bobegadikgang''' == Kwa Mali, go na le makwalo a dikgang a le mmalwa a a jaaka [[Les Echos]], [[L'Essor]], [[Info Matin]], [[Nouvel Horizon]], le [[Le Républicain]] [<nowiki/>[[fr]]].<ref>Murison, Katharine, ed. (2002). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBP7QbalX0C&pg=PA652 Africa South of the Sahara 2003]''. Taylor & Francis. pp. 652–53. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-131-5|978-1-85743-131-]]5</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150906191638/https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBP7QbalX0C&pg=PA652 Archived] from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.</ref>[[Ofisi ya phatlalatso ya sekapa ditshwantsho ya Mali]] ke tirelo ya puso. [[Ditlhaeletsano ka megala kwa Mali]] di akaretsa megala ya letheka e le 869,600, sekapa ditshwantsho di le 45,000 le badirisi ba maranyane a ditlhaeletsanyo a le 414,985.<ref>Batvina, Iryna. "[http://www.best-country.com/africa/mali/traditions Culture of Mali]". ''Best-Country.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161105173621/http://www.best-country.com/africa/mali/traditions Archived] from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016</ref> == Bona gape == '''.'''[[Ditshupegetso tsa dipadi tse di amanang le Mali]] '''.'''[[Tlhaloso ka Mali]] == '''Dintlha''' == a. Bambara ke [[puo e e buiwang]] ke Palo ya masome a le borobabobedi 80% mo lekgolong ya baagi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6</ref> b. E akaretsa [[Bokeresete]], [[go tlhoka bodumedi]], le [[ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika.]] c. Tsela ya go bitsa mafoko a Se-Bambara: [<nowiki/>[[ma.li]]]. Mokwalo wa ga [[Se-N'Ko]]: rona ߡߊߟߌ [[Fula:]] 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 [[Searabia]]:مالي d. [[Bambara]]: Mali ka Fasojamana, [[N'Ko mokwalo]] wa go tswa mo leineng la Setswana [[Fula]]: 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤭, romanized: Renndaandi Maali [[Searabia]]: جمهورية مالي, se se fetotsweng ka [[Seroma]]: Jumhūriyyat Mālī == Metswedi == alcnn8xgpsoanul0c4u6k5c67kbo6hu Four Points by Sheraton 0 10308 56971 39180 2026-11-02T04:22:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dintlha tse nne ka Sheraton''' ke letshwaokgwebo la dihotele tsa dinaha tse ngata tsa Amerika le tsamaiswang ke Marriott International le {{Infobox company|name=Four Points by Sheraton<br>Four Points Flex by Sheraton|logo=Four Points Logo neu.svg|industry=[[Hospitality]], [[Tourism]]|founded=1995|num_locations=308<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://four-points.marriott.com/hotel-directory |title=Four Points by Sheraton Hotel Locations |website=www.marriott.com}}</ref>|num_locations_year=September, 2020|area_served=Worldwide}} lebisitsweng ho baeti ba kgwebo le dikopano tse nyane. Go tloga ka Seetebosigo 30, 2020, Marriott e ne e tsamaisa matlo a le 291 lefatshe ka bophara ka fa tlase ga letshwaokgwebo la Four Points by Sheraton, le le nang le diphaposi di le 53 054. Mo godimo ga moo, Marriott e ne e na le dihotele di le 130 tse di neng di rulagantswe tse di nang le diphaposi tse dingwe di le 27 342.<ref>[https://hotel-development.marriott.com/brands/four-points/ "Four Points by Sheraton".] ''Marriott Hotels Development''. Retrieved 2020-08-20</ref> E boetse e akarelletsa letshwaokgwebo-potlana la Dintlha tse nne Flex ke Sheraton. == Histori == Ka Moranang 1995, ITT Sheraton e ne ya tlhagisa letshwaokgwebo la Dintlha tse Nne ka Sheraton, go emisetsa leina la dihotele dingwe jaaka Sheraton Inns. Mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 2000, letshwaokgwebo leno la hotele la selekanyo se se magareng, la selekanyo se se magareng, le le nang le ditirelo tse di feletseng le ne le dira mo matlong a ka nna 135, mo dinageng di ka nna 15, mme bogolosegolo kwa US.<ref>[https://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4008346.html "Hospitalitynet, 21 Jun 2001".] ''www.hospitalitynet.org''.</ref><ref>[https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20040304005657/en/Four-Points-by-Sheraton-Hotel-Opens-in-New-Yorks-Chic-Chelsea-District "Businesswire, 4 Mar 2004".] ''www.businesswire.com'' (Press release).</ref> Ka 1998, Starwood e ne ya reka ITT Sheraton.<ref>[https://www.flyertalk.com/forum/marriott-rewards/1858717-any-jw-properties-1980-1990-a.html "Flyertalk, 5 Aug 2017".] ''www.flyertalk.com''.</ref> Ka 2000, Starwood e ne ya simolola gape Four Points ka Sheraton jaaka ketane ya dihotele tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa bajanala ba kgwebo le ba boitapoloso. Dihotele di simolotse thulaganyo ya Best Brews e e nayang tshono ya go leka dibiri tsa selegae tse di dirilweng ka diatla.<ref>[https://www.hvs.com/article/3907-starwoods-reinvention-sheraton-and-four-points-by-sheraton-hotels "HVS, 8 May 2009".] ''www.hvs.com''</ref><ref>[https://news.marriott.com/brands/four-points-sheraton/#:~:text=Best%20Brews%20provides%20guests%20with,flavor%2C%20popularity%20and%20quality%20ingredients. "Four Points by Sheraton Hotel Brand Profile".] ''www.marriott.com''.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2016, Marriott e ne ya bona letshwaokgwebo la Four Points ka Sheraton jaaka karolo ya go reka Starwood.<ref>[https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/23/marriott-buys-starwood-becoming-worlds-largest-hotel-chain.html "CNBC, 23 Sep 2016".] ''www.cnbc.com''. 23 September 2016.</ref> Morago ga go tsewa, Marriott e ne ya supa dikago tse di neng di sa fitlhelele maemo a letshwaokgwebo, tse di neng di tlhokega go tlhabololwa, kgotsa go tswa mo letshwaokgwebong.<ref>[https://viewfromthewing.com/500-million-to-fix-lagging-sheratons "View from the Wing, 6 Jun 2018"]. ''www.viewfromthewing.com''. 6 June 2018</ref> == Dintlha tse nne tsa Flex ka Sheraton == Ka Lwetse 2023, Marriott e itsisitse letshwaokgwebo le lešwa la spinoff la Dintlha di le Nne ka Sheraton, le le neng le biditswe kwa tshimologong jaaka Dintlha di le Nne Express ka Sheraton, le le lebisitsweng mo mmarakeng wa maemo a a magareng kwa Yuropa, Botlhabagare le Aforika. Setsha sa yone sa ntlha se ne sa bulwa kwa Lontone ka 2024.<ref>[https://news.marriott.com/news/2023/09/27/marriott-international-continues-affordable-midscale-growth-with-announcement-of-four-points-express-by-sheraton "Marriott International Continues Affordable Midscale Growth with Announcement of Four Points Express by Sheraton".]</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa 2024, Dintlha di le Nnè tsa Express e fetotswe leina go nna Dintlha di le Nnè tsa Flex ke Sheraton.<ref>[https://www.marriott.com/marriott-brands/four-points-flex.mi marriott.com - Four Points Flex] retrieved 18 December 2024</ref>Go tloga ka Sedimonthole 2024, letshwaokgwebo le na le mafelo a le 19 kwa Engelane, Japane le Turkey.<ref>marriott.com - [https://www.marriott.com/marriott-brands/four-points-flex/locations.mi Locations retrieved 18 December 2024]</ref> == Dipharologantsho tse di tlhomologileng == * Arusha, Tanzania: Four Points e ne ya tsaya taolo ya Hotele ya Arusha e e nang le hisitori ka 2017. E tlhomilwe ka 1894, mme ke nngwe ya dihotele tsa bogologolo thata mo Afrika Botlhaba. * Brisbane, Australia: Dintlha tse Nne ka Sheraton Brisbane e gaufi le Ditshingwana tsa Dimela tsa Toropo le Ntlo ya Palamente.<ref>[http://www.theage.com.au/travel/sheraton-set-for-brisbane-return-20121114-29bkk.html "Sheraton set for Brisbane return".] ''Katherine Feeney''. The Age. November 14, 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2023</ref> <ref>Ali, Tawfique (10 December 2011). "Rising High flouting rules". ''The Daily Star''.</ref> E tlogetse ketane ka 2023 mme ya bidiwa Crowne Plaza sešwa. * Dubai, Dinaga tse di Kopaneng tsa Maarabia: Dintlha tse Nne ka Tsela ya Sheraton Sheikh Zayed, Dubai, e e kwa godimo ga matlhatlaganyane a le 43, ke nngwe ya dihotele tse di kwa godimo thata kwa Dubai. Kwa tshimologong e ne e le lefelo la bonno le le rulagantsweng, le ne la fetolwa go nna hotele mo bogareng jwa tlhabololo mme la bulwa ka 2007.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070206103345/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=goldensandstower-dubai-unitedarabemirates "Four Points by Sheraton".] Emporis.com. Archived from the original on February 6, 2007. Retrieved 2023-12-02.</ref> * Havana, Cuba: Dintlha tse Nne ka Sheraton Havana, phetolo ya Hotele e e leng teng ya Quinta Avenida, e ne ya nna hotele ya ntlha e e laolwang ke US kwa Cuba fa e sale ka 1960, fa e ne e bulwa ka Seetebosigo 2016 ka nako ya go thapologa ga Cuba.<ref>"Four Points Havana is the First U.S. Hotel to Open in Cuba in Nearly 60 Years". 29 June 2016.</ref>Ka Seetebosigo 5, 2020, Marriott e ne ya laelwa ke Lefapha la Matlotlo la U.S. go emisa go laola hotele ka Phatwe 31<ref>[https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/05/marriott-trump-administration-ordered-end-of-cuba-hotel-business.html "Marriott says Trump administration ordered it to cease Cuba hotel business"]. ''CNBC''. 5 June 2020.</ref> morago ga gore puso ya ga Trump e emise laesense ya Marriott ya go dira kwa Cuba.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220922001906/https://newsinamerica.com/en/travel/2020/marriott-hotel-chain-abandons-cuba-due-to-trumps-pressure/ "News in America, 5 Sep 2020".] ''www.newsinamerica.com''. 5 September 2020</ref> * Munich, Jeremane: Arabella Hochhaus, e pele e neng e dirisiwa jaaka Sheraton dingwaga di feta masome a mabedi, e ne ya fokodiwa go nna Dintlha di le Nnè ke Sheraton Munich Arabellapark ka 2022, ka ntlha ya go thubiwa ga hotele ka 2030. * New Orleans, Amerika: Le Méridien New Orleans e ne e laolwa jaaka Dintlha tse Nne ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990.<ref>Graf, Tyler (2008-01-03). [https://djcoregon.com/news/2008/01/03/renovators-of-hotel-fifty-bank-on-boutique-label/ "Renovators of Hotel Fifty bank on 'boutique' label • Daily Journal of Commerce".] ''Daily Journal of Commerce''. Archived from the original on 2023-04-18. Retrieved 2023-12-02</ref> * Portland, kwa United States: Hotele ya Rose e ne e tsamaisiwa ke Four Points pele ga 2007. * Riyadh Khaldia, e pele e neng e le Hotele ya Mena Grand Khaldia, e ne ya rekwa ke Starwood ka 2013. E mo tikologong ya Riyadh ya Al Dirah.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230820111311/https://www.alriyadh.com/850428 "خالد بن بندر يدشن فندق "شيراتون فور بوينت" وسط الرياض".] ''www.alriyadh.com''. 8 July 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2023.</ref> * San Jose, kwa United States: Hotele ya hisitori e e bidiwang Montgomery e ne ya simolola go dirisiwa e le Four Points morago ga gore e bulwe gape ka 2004. Lefelo la yone la ntlha kwa bokone jwa yone ga jaana le tserwe ke Signia ka Hilton San Jose.<ref>[http://www.sanjose.com/four-points-san-jose/ "Four Points by Sheraton San Jose Downtown".] ''SanJose.com''. 2010. Retrieved 2 December 2023.</ref> * Tampa, kwa United States: Hotele le Khasino ya Seminole Hard Rock Tampa e kile ya bo e le hotele ya Four Points pele ga ba lelapa la ga Seminole ba swetsa ka gore ba e atolose go nna khasino ya Hard Rock. == Metswedi == irnn90izjzz2oo72murn687kl3pnirv Katoloso ya Bantu 0 10583 56977 40355 2026-11-02T06:22:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56977 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bantu Phillipson.png|thumb|Chronological overview after Nurse and Philippson (2003):'''1''' = 4,000–3,500{{nbsp}}[[:en:Before_Present|BP]]: origin'''1''' = 4,000–3,500{{nbsp}}[[:en:Before_Present|BP]]: origin '''2''' = 3,500{{nbsp}}BP: initial expansion '''3''' = 2,000–1,500{{nbsp}}BP: [[:en:Urewe|Urewe]] nucleus of Eastern Bantu '''4'''–'''7''': southward advance '''9''' = 2,500{{nbsp}}BP: Congo nucleus '''10''' = 2,000–1,000{{nbsp}}BP: last phase]] '''Katoloso ya Bantu''' <ref>Bostoen, Koen (2018). "The Bantu Expansion". [https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-191 ''Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History''.] doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.191. ISBN <bdi>978-0-19-027773-4</bdi>.</ref> <ref>Fortes-Lima, Cesar A.; et al. (5 April 2023). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794141 "The genetic legacy of the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa".] ''Nature''. '''625''' (7995): 540–547. Bibcode:2024Natur.625..540F. bioRxiv 10.1101/2023.04.03.535432. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06770-6. hdl:1854/LU-01GYSSJZXPWXA5Z7DVSNTP0DQA. PMC 10794141. <nowiki>PMID 38030719</nowiki>. S2CID 258009425.</ref> <ref>Grollemund, Rebecca; Branford, Simon; Bostoen, Koen; Meade, Andrew; Venditti, Chris; Pagel, Mark (27 October 2015). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4629331 "Bantu expansion shows that habitat alters the route and pace of human dispersals".] ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences''. '''112''' (43): 13296–13301. Bibcode:2015PNAS..11213296G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1503793112. PMC 4629331. <nowiki>PMID 26371302</nowiki>.</ref>ke kakanyo e e tshitshintsweng ke Roland Oliver ka 1966, e e lekang go tlhalosa go gasagana ga ditlhopha tse di buang Sebantu ka go tsamaisana ga lefelo le setlhopha sa puo.<ref>Oliver, Roland (1966). [[doi:10.1017/S0021853700006472|"The Problem of the Bantu Expansion".]] ''The Journal of African History''. '''7''' (3): 361–376. doi:10.1017/S0021853700006472. JSTOR 180108. S2CID 162287894.</ref> Diphudugo tsa setlhopha sa ntlha se se buang Se-Proto-Bantu,<ref>Clark, John Desmond; Brandt, Steven A. (1984). ''From Hunters to Farmers: The Causes and Consequences of Food Production in Africa''. University of California Press. p. 33. ISBN <bdi>978-0-520-04574-3</bdi>.</ref> di ne tsa anama go tswa kwa tshimologong e e dikologileng Aforika Bophirima-Bogare go ralala Aforika Bogare, Aforika Botlhaba, le Aforika Borwa. Mo tsamaisong, baagi ba ba buang Se-Proto-Bantu ba ne ba fudusa, ba emisetsa, kgotsa ba monya ditlhopha tsa batsomi-baphuthi le badisa tse di neng di le teng pele tse ba neng ba kopana le tsone. Go na le bosupi jwa puo jwa katoloso e – bontsi jwa dipuo tse di buiwang go ralala Aforika e e kwa tlase ga Ekhweitha di tshwana ka tsela e e gakgamatsang, se se akantshang tshimologo ya setso e e tshwanang ya bošeng ya babui ba tsona ba ntlha. Motheo wa puo wa dipuo tsa Bantu, tse di bopang lekala la lelapa la dipuo tsa Atlantic-Congo, o ne o le kwa dikgaolong tse di kwa borwa jwa Cameroon.[9] Bosupi jwa dijini gape bo supa gore go ne go na le khudugo e kgolo ya batho go tswa kwa Aforika bogare, ka maemo a a farologaneng a go tlhakana le baagi ba selegae.<ref>Fortes-Lima, Cesar A.; et al. (5 April 2023). [[doi:10.1093/molbev/msp069|"The genetic legacy of the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa".]] ''Nature''. '''625''' (7995): 540–547. Bibcode:2024Natur.625..540F. bioRxiv 10.1101/2023.04.03.535432. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06770-6. hdl:1854/LU-01GYSSJZXPWXA5Z7DVSNTP0DQA. PMC 10794141. <nowiki>PMID 38030719</nowiki>. S2CID 258009425.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:East and southern africa early iron age.png|thumb|Aforika botlhaba le borwa jwa bogologolo jwa motlha wa tshipi]] Go dumelwa gore go atologa gono go ne ga diragala bobotlana ka makhubu a mabedi, fa gare ga dingwaga di ka nna 4 000 le 2 000 tse di fetileng (mo e ka nnang ka 2 000 B.C.E. go ya go 1 C.E.). Tshekatsheko ya puo e supa gore katoloso e ne ya tswelela ka ditsela tse pedi: ya ntlha e ne ya kgabaganya kgotsa go bapa le molelwane wa Bokone wa kgaolo ya sekgwa sa Congo (go ya kwa Aforika Botlhaba), mme ya bobedi – mme gongwe le tse dingwe – e ne ya ya kwa borwa go bapa le lebopo la Atlantic la Aforika go tsena mo lefelong le jaanong e leng Rephaboliki ya Gabon, Gameroon theCongo, Congo, Angola, kana kwa teng ga naga go bapa le dinoka tse dintsi tse di elelang go tswa kwa borwa go ya kwa bokone tsa thulaganyo ya Noka ya Congo. Katoloso e ne ya fitlha kwa Aforika Borwa, gongwe ka 300 CE.<ref>Fortes-Lima, Cesar A.; et al. (5 April 2023). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794141 "The genetic legacy of the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa".] ''Nature''. '''625''' (7995): 540–547. Bibcode:2024Natur.625..540F. bioRxiv 10.1101/2023.04.03.535432. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06770-6. hdl:1854/LU-01GYSSJZXPWXA5Z7DVSNTP0DQA. PMC 10794141. <nowiki>PMID 38030719</nowiki>. S2CID 258009425.</ref> == Dikgopolo tsa katoloso == Ba-Bantu ba dumela gore go ka direga thata gore go atologa ga Ba-Bantu go simolotse kwa dithabeng tse di fa gare ga Cameroon le Nigeria.<ref>Koile, Ezequiel; Greenhill, Simon J.; Blasi, Damián E.; Bouckaert, Remco; Gray, Russell D. (9 August 2022). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9372543 "Phylogeographic analysis of the Bantu language expansion supports a rainforest route".] ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences''. '''119''' (32): e2112853119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11912853K. doi:10.1073/pnas.2112853119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9372543. <nowiki>PMID 35914165</nowiki>.</ref> Kgaolo ya Mambilla ya 60,000-km2 e e kgabaganyang melelwane fano e supilwe jaaka e e nang le masalela a "Bantu ba ba neng ba nna kwa gae" jaaka fa bontsi jwa babui ba Se-Bantu ba ne ba fuduga go tswa mo kgaolong. Bosupi jwa baepi ba dilo tsa bogologolo go tswa mo ditirong tse di farologaneng tsa ga Jean Hurault (1979, 1986 le 1988) le Rigobert Tueché (2000) mo kgaolong e supa tsweletso ya setso go tloga ka 3000 BCE go fitlha gompieno. Bontsi jwa ditlhopha tsa dithaba tsa Bamenda (tse di nnileng dingwaga di le 2000 go fitlha gompieno), tse di batlang di le kwa borwa mme di bapile le kgaolo ya Mambilla, di na le hisitori ya bogologolo ya go tswa kwa bokone go ya kwa kgaolong ya Mambilla. Kwa tshimologong, baithutamarope ba ne ba dumela gore ba ka fitlhela ditshwano tsa baepi ba bogologolo mo ditsong tsa bogologolo tsa kgaolo tse go neng go tsewa gore batho ba ba buang puo ya Bantu ba ne ba di kgabaganya. Baitseanape ba dipuo, ba tlhaola dipuo le go tlhama lenaane la dikamano tsa losika, ba ne ba dumela gore ba ka aga sešwa dielemente tsa setso sa dilo tse di bonalang. Ba ne ba dumela gore go atologa gono go bakilwe ke go tlhabologa ga temothuo, go dira dilo tse di dirilweng ka letsopa le go dirisa tshipi, e leng se se neng sa dira gore go kgonege go dirisa dikgaolo tse disha tsa ikholoji. Ka 1966, Roland Oliver o ne a gatisa athikele e e neng e tlhagisa dikamano tseno jaaka kakanyo e e utlwalang. == Dikarolo tsa bagologolwane mo bathong ba ba buang Se-Bantu == Katoloso ya Bantu e e neng e akanyediwa e ne ya kgarameletsa kwa ntle kgotsa ya tshwaetsa proto-Khoisan ya batsomi-batho ba ba batlang dijo, ba ba neng ba nna mo Aforika Borwa pele. Kwa Afrika Botlhaba le Borwa, batho ba ba buang puo ya Bantu ba ka tswa ba ne ba amogela go rua diruiwa go tswa mo bathong ba bangwe ba ba sa amaneng ba ba buang Se-Cushitic le Se-Nilotic ba ba neng ba kopana le bone. Mekgwa ya go disa e ne ya fitlha kwa borwa jo bo kgakala makgolokgolo a dingwaga pele ga bafaladi ba ba buang Se-Bantu ba dira jalo. Bosupi jwa thutamarope, puo, dijini le tikologo tsotlhe di tshegetsa tshwetso ya gore katoloso ya Bantu e ne e le khudugo e e botlhokwa ya batho. Ka kakaretso, metsamao ya batho ba ba buang puo ya Bantu go tswa kwa kgaolong ya molelwane wa Cameroon/Nigeria go ralala bontsi jwa Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara e ne ya bopa sešwa ka botlalo popego ya dijini tsa kontinente mme ya baka go tlhakana go go tseneletseng magareng ga bafaladi le baagi ba selegae. Thutopatlisiso ya dijini ya 2023 ya babui ba Bantu ba le 1,487 ba ba tserweng disampole go tswa mo baaging ba le 143 go ralala dinaga di le 14 tsa Aforika e senotse gore katoloso e diragetse dingwaga di le ~4,000 tse di fetileng kwa Aforika Bophirima. Dipholo di bontshitse gore babui ba Bantu ba ne ba amogela kelelo e e bonalang ya dijini go tswa mo ditlhopheng tsa selegae mo dikgaolong tse ba neng ba atologela kwa go tsone. Go ikaegilwe ka bosupi jwa meno, Irish (2016) o ne a swetsa ka gore bagologolwane ba ba tshwanang ba batho ba Aforika Bophirima le ba Proto-Bantu ba ka tswa ba simolotse kwa kgaolong e e kwa bophirima jwa Sahara, mo gare ga paka ya Kiffian kwa Gobero, mme ba ka tswa ba fudugetse kwa borwa, go tswa kwa Sahara go tsena mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng tsa Aforika Bophirima, Nigeria, Cagomer a, sephetho sa Ben. go fetoga sekaka ga Sahara e Tala ka 7000 BCE. Go tswa kwa Nigeria le Cameroon, batho ba Proto-Bantu ba temothuo ba ne ba simolola go fuduga, mme mo gare ga go fuduga, ba ne ba fapogela kwa bathong ba Bantu ba Botlhaba (sekao, Rephaboliki ya Temokerasi ya Congo) le batho ba Bantu ba Bophirima (sekao, Congo, Gabon) magareng ga 2500 BCE le 1200 BCE. O akantsha gore batho ba Igbo le Y .batho ba oruba ba ka tswa ba na le motswako go tswa mo bathong ba Bantu ba ba fudugetseng kwa morago. == Temokerafi ya nako ya pele ga katoloso == Pele ga go atologa ga balemirui ba ba buang Se-Bantu, go ka direga gore Afrika Bogare, Borwa le Borwabotlhaba bo ne bo na le batho ba ba batlang dijo tsa Ba-Pygmy, batsomi-baphuthi ba ba buang Se-Khoisan, badisa ba ba buang Se-Nilo-Sahara le badisa ba ba buang Se-Cushitic. '''Aforika Bogare''' Go akanngwa gore Ba-Pygmy le Ba-Bantu ba Aforika Bogare ba ne ba tswa mo palong e e tshwanang ya bagologolwane c. Dingwaga di le 70 000 tse di fetileng.<ref>Awad, Elias[https://web.archive.org/web/20141205101243/http://www2.cnrs.fr/en/1164.htm . "Common Origins of Pygmies and Bantus"]. ''CNRS International Magazine''. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Retrieved 27 November 2014.</ref> Ditlhopha tse dintsi tsa Batwa di bua dipuo tsa Bantu; le fa go ntse jalo, karolo e kgolo ya tlotlofoko ya bone ga se ya Bantu ka tshimologo. Bontsi jwa tlotlofoko eno ke ya dimela, e dira ka go kokoanya tswina ya dinotshe, kgotsa ka tsela nngwe e kgethegile mo sekgweng mme e abelanwa magareng ga ditlhopha tsa Batwa ba bophirima. Go tshitshintswe gore se ke masalela a puo e e ikemetseng ya Batwa ba bophirima (Mbenga kgotsa "Baaka").<ref>Bahuchet, Serge (1993). "History of the Inhabitants of the Central African Rain Forest: Perspectives from Comparative Linguistics". In Hladik, C.M. (ed.). ''Tropical Forests, People, and Food: Biocultural Interactions and Applications to Development''. Paris: Unesco/Parthenon. pp. 37–54. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-9-2310-2879-3|<bdi>978-9-2310-2879-3</bdi>.]]</ref> '''Borwabotlhaba jwa Aforika''' Pele ga go goroga ga Ba-Bantu kwa Borwabotlhaba jwa Afrika, batho ba ba buang Se-Cushitic ba ne ba fudugetse kwa kgaolong eno go tswa kwa Dithabeng tsa Ethiopia le kwa mafelong a mangwe a a kwa bokone thata. Makhubu a ntlha a ne a na le babui ba Se-Cushitic ba kwa Borwa, ba ba neng ba nna go dikologa Letsha la Turkana le dikarolo tsa Tanzania go simolola dingwaga di ka nna 5 000 tse di fetileng. Makgolokgolo a dingwaga moragonyana, mo e ka nnang ka 1000 C.E., babui bangwe ba Se-Cushitic sa Botlhaba le bone ba ne ba nna kwa bokone le kwa lotshitshing lwa lewatle lwa Kenya.<ref>Ambrose, Stanley H. (1986). "Hunter-gatherer adaptations to non-marginal environments: an ecological and archaeological assessment of the Dorobo model". ''Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika''. '''7''' (2): 11–42.</ref> Batsomi-baphuthi ba ba buang Sekhoisan le bona ba ne ba nna mo Borwabotlhaba jwa Aforika pele ga katoloso ya Bantu. Baagi ba badisa ba ba buang Se-Nilo-Sahara ba ne ba na le setlhopha sa boraro sa baagi ba lefelo leno ba pele ga katoloso ya Bantu. '''Borwa jwa Aforika''' Pele ga katoloso ya Bantu, batho ba ba buang Se-Khoisan ba ne ba nna kwa Borwa jwa Afrika. Ditlogolwana tsa bone di tlhakane thata le batho ba bangwe mme tsa amogela dipuo tse dingwe. Ba le mmalwa ba santse ba tshela ka go batla dijo, gantsi ba tlalelediwa ka go direla balemirui ba ba mabapi mo dikgaolong tse di omeletseng go dikologa sekaka sa Kalahari, fa palo e kgolwane ya Nama e tswelela ka go iphedisa ka setso ka go rua leruo kwa Namibia le mo Afrika Borwa e e mabapi. == Hisetori le tlhabololo == '''Babui ba Seporoto-Bantu''' Dipitsa tsa kgale ka ho fetisisa tse fumanweng sebakeng se nnileng babui ba Bantu (Shum Laka leboya la Cameroon) ke tsa 5000 B.C.E. Batho ba ba buang Se-Proto-Bantu ba ne ba nna kwa metseng mme ba jala oli ya mokolane, manoko, ditlhaka, gongwe le di- yam. Ba ne ba dirisa didirisiwa tsa maje, ba na le dipodi le dinonyane tsa guinea, mme ba aga mekoro e e neng e dirisiwa go tshwara ditlhapi. '''Katoloso''' Le fa go dirilwe dipatlisiso tse di tseneletseng, se se bakileng katoloso ya Bantu, le sa dikaelo tse di tserweng, se santse se sa tlhaloganyesege,[a] se se dirileng gore barutegi bangwe ba dumele gore e simolotse ka phoso. Le fa go ntse jalo go na le tumalano ya gore go nnile le ditiragalo tse dintsi tsa go gasaganya.: c. 5000 B.C.E. go ya go c. 500 C.E. Go lebega go ka direga gore katoloso ya batho ba ba buang Se-Bantu go tswa kwa kgaolong ya bona ya konokono kwa Aforika Bophirima e simolotse ka 4000–3500 BCE. Ga go tlhaloganyesege gore a tiragalo ya ntlha ya go gasaganya e ne ya felela ka go fuduga kgotsa go gasaganya go go nnye go go diragetseng ka dinako tse di farologaneng.: 23 Le fa dikai tsa ntlha di ne di tlhomamisa gore dibui tsa ntlha di ne di dirisa tshipi le temothuo, bosupi jo bo tlhomameng jwa baepi ba dilo tsa bogologolo bo ne bo sa dirise tshipi. 400 B.C.E., le fa e ne e le tsa temothuo. Batho ba ba buang Se-Bantu ba ne ba kgaogana ka ditlhopha tse pedi tse di anameng tse di neng tsa phatlalala ka ditsela tse di farologaneng, tse di bidiwang "Molapo wa Bophirima" le "Molapo wa Botlhaba".: 23–24 '''Molapo wa Bophirima''' Mafelo a a kwa borwa jwa Shum Laka (kwa borwa jwa Cameroon le Gabon) a supa gore Molapo wa Bophirima o simolotse fa gare ga 5000 le 3000 BCE: 24 Kgatelopele ya ntlha e ne e le bonya thata, mme Cameroon e e fa gare e ne ya fitlhelelwa fela mo e ka nnang ka 1500 BCE. Go nna bonya gono go ne go bakilwe ke go tlhoka didirisiwa tsa tshipi kwa tshimologong tse di ka bong di dirile gore go phepafatsa sekgwa go nne bonolo thata, mme Molapo wa Bophirima o ka tswa o ne o latela lebopo le dinoka tse dikgolo tsa thulaganyo ya Congo go ya kwa borwa. Gape ba ka tswa ba dirisitse lewatle go fitlha kwa ntlheng e e kwa borwa ya sekgwa sa pula. 25 Go akanngwa gore go senyega ga sekgwa sa pula sa Aforika Bophirima-Bogare ka ntlha ya phetogo ya tlelaemete magareng ga 2000 BCE le 500 BCE go thusitse go atologa. Ba ne ba fitlha kwa bogareng jwa Angola ka bo 500 BCE. '''Molapo wa Botlhaba''' [[Setshwantsho:Rock painting of men with sheilds.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho se se takilweng mo lefikeng sa banna ba ba nang le dithebe]] Molapo wa Botlhaba, o go akanngwang gore o simolotse morago ga Molapo wa Bophirima, o ne wa phatlalala kwa botlhaba, gongwe go bapa le molelwane o o kwa bokone wa sekgwa sa pula, kgotsa go bapa le Noka ya Ubangi. Dipitsa tsa Urewe di supa gore ba ne ba fitlha kwa bophirima jwa Letsha la Victoria ka 500 BCE. 25–26 E ne e le nngwe ya mafelo a bogologolo go gaisa mo Aforika a go nyerolosa tshipi. Ka lekgolo la ntlha la dingwaga BCE, batho ba ba buang Se-Bantu kwa kgaolong ya Great Lakes ba ne ba simolola mekgwa ya go betla tshipi e e neng ya ba kgontsha go dira tshipi ya khabone. Go gasaganya go tswa kwa kgaolong ya Great Lakes go ne ga diragala mo melatswaneng e mengwe e mebedi. E nngwe e ne ya ya kwa bophirima go kopana le Molapo wa Bophirima kwa DR Congo le Angola, fa e nngwe e ne ya ya kwa borwa mme ya anama go ralala Aforika Botlhaba le Borwa.: 26 Diphitlhelelo tsa baepi ba dilo tsa bogologolo di bontshitse gore ka 100 BCE kwa Tastal le kwa 300 CE, merafe e e buang Se-Mi kwanzasa kwa lefelong la Kwanzasa co e ne e le teng . Kenya. Baagi ba gape ba ne ba kopana le go nyalana le baagi ba ba neng ba setse ba le teng kwa lebopong. Go tloga ka 300 C.E., ka go nna le seabe mo tseleng ya kgwebo e e sa bolong go nna teng ya Lewatle la India, batho bano ba .ies e ne ya tlhoma dikgolagano le bagwebi ba Maarabia le Maindia, mme seno sa dira gore go nne le setso sa Seswahili. Ditlhopha tse dingwe tsa babulatsela di ne di fitlheletse KwaZulu-Natal ya segompieno mo Aforika Borwa ka 300 CE go bapa le lebopo, le Porofense ya segompieno ya Limpopo ka 500 CE. Ditirisano magareng ga babui ba puo ya Bantu le batsomi-baphuthi Botaki jwa lefika la San jo bo bontshang motlhabani yo o tshotseng thebe. Le fa dikamano di ne di raraane jaaka fa dipuo, meetlo, dithekenoloji, le dijini di ne di abelanwa,[19] dingwao tsa molomo di akantsha gore go fuduga ka dinako tse dingwe e ne e le ka ntlha ya kgotlhang: 32 == Metswedi == dwuy3kcb9gciwe94h36aunsa5dzt3e0 Go tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana ba sekolo ba kwa Chibok 0 10622 56973 50991 2026-11-02T05:01:59Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56973 wikitext text/x-wiki Ka bosigo jwa Moranang a le lesome le bone go tsena ka lesome le botlhano, basetsana ba bontsi jwa bone e leng ba tumelo ya SeKeresete le ba tumelo ya Islam, ba dingwaga tse di fa gare ga lesome le borataro go tsena ka lesome le boferabobedi, ba le makgolo a mabedi, masome a supa le borartaro ba ne ba tsewa ka dikgoka ke setlhopha sa balwelakgololesego sa Islam sa Boko Haram kwa sekolong sa puso sa basetsana se segolwane kwa toropong ya Chibok, kgaolo ya Borno kwa lefatsheng la [[Nigeria]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24931684 "US names Nigeria's Boko Haram and Ansaru 'terrorists'".] [[:en:BBC_News|''BBC News''.]] 13 November 2013. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210228212720/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24931684 the original] on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/19/88-nigerian-schoolgirls-abducted-by-islamic-extremists-still-missing 88 Nigerian schoolgirls abducted by Islamic extremists still missing]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]]. 19 April 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190520072021/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/19/88-nigerian-schoolgirls-abducted-by-islamic-extremists-still-missing Archived] from the original on 20 May 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>Omeni, Akali (11 April 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20191103171633/https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/the-chibok-kidnappings-in-north-east-nigeria-a-military-analysis-of-before-and-after "The Chibok Kidnappings in North-East Nigeria: A Military Analysis of Before and After"]. [[:en:Small_Wars_Journal|''Small Wars Journal''.]] '''14''' (4). Archived from [https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/the-chibok-kidnappings-in-north-east-nigeria-a-military-analysis-of-before-and-after the original] on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Pele ga tlhaselo e, sekolo se ne se tswetswe dibeke di le nne ka ntlha ya kwelo tlase ya seemo sa tshireletsego, mme basetsana ba ne ba ile go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa bofelo tsa maranyane. Morago ga tiragalo e, basetsana ba le masome a matlhano le bosupa ba ne ba iphalotsa ka go photsha mo diterakeng tse di neng di ba kgweetsa, bangwe ba faloditswe ke sesole sa ka Nigeria ka makgetho a a farologaneng.<ref>Romo, Vanessa (21 February 2018). [https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/missing-nigeria-schoolgirls/another-schoolgirl-taken-boko-haram-rescued-nigerian-army-says-n577216 "Nigerian Military Rescues 76 Schoolgirls After Alleged Boko Haram Attack"]. ''[[:en:NPR|NPR]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201026063713/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/21/587757512/nigerian-military-rescues-76-schoolgirls-after-alleged-boko-haram-attack Archived] from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>Smith, Alexander; Bratu, Becky (20 May 2016). [https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/missing-nigeria-schoolgirls/another-schoolgirl-taken-boko-haram-rescued-nigerian-army-says-n577216 "Another Schoolgirl Taken by Boko Haram Is Rescued, Nigerian Army Says"]. ''[[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201027005639/https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/missing-nigeria-schoolgirls/another-schoolgirl-taken-boko-haram-rescued-nigerian-army-says-n577216 Archived] from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Amina Ali, mongwe wa basetsana ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka, o ne a bonwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2016. O supa fa basetsana ba ba setseng ba santse ba le teng, mme ba le barataro ba tlhokafetse.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36338989 Boko Haram abductees freed in Nigeria]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 20 May 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190502233643/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36338989 Archived] from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a le masome a mabdei le motso ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di supa morago ga go utsuwa ga ntlha ga basetsana ba, basetsana ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba santse ba sa bonwe.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/14/nigeria-7-years-after-chibok-mass-abduction-still-no-solution "Nigeria: 7 years after Chibok mass abduction, still no solution"]. ''[[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|Al Jazeera]]''. 21 April 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210418024805/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/14/nigeria-7-years-after-chibok-mass-abduction-still-no-solution Archived] from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>Obiezu, Timothy (15 April 2021). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_more-100-chibok-girls-still-missing-seven-years-later/6204623.html "More Than 100 Chibok Girls Still Missing Seven Years Later"]. [[:en:Voice_of_America|''Voice of America''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210418191329/https://www.voanews.com/africa/more-100-chibok-girls-still-missing-seven-years-later Archived] from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2021/04/nigeria-seven-years-since-chibok-the-government-fails-to-protect-children/ "Nigeria: Seven years since Chibok, the government fails to protect children"]. ''[[:en:Amnesty_International|Amnesty International]]''. 14 April 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210417232147/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/04/nigeria-seven-years-since-chibok-the-government-fails-to-protect-children/ Archived] from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2024, Motsheganong a le lesome le bone, dingwaga di le lesome morago ga go utsuwa, basetsana ba le masome a ferabongwe le bobedi ba ne ba santse ba sa bonwe, go belaelwa ba le mo kgolegelong.<ref>[https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/04/nigeria-decade-after-boko-haram-attack-on-chibok-82-girls-still-in-captivity/ "Nigeria: Decade after Boko Haram attack on Chibok, 82 girls still in captivity"]. ''Amnesty International''. 14 April 2024.</ref> Bangwe ba tlhalositse tiragalo ya go tshwarwa ga bone kwa bokopanong jwa ditshwanelo tsa setho.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xat2T31waGM ""I escaped Boko Haram" – A Nigerian girl who was kidnapped with 270 others ("Bring Back Our Girls")".] [[:en:YouTube|''YouTube''.]] 25 February 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180414161925/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xat2T31waGM Archived] from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2025</ref> Boko Haram e dirisitse basetsana ba e le didirisiwa mo go buisaneng ka go rekolola magolegwa, ba supa fa ba tla tlogela basetsana ba bangwe fa ba neelwa bangwe ba baeteledipele ba bone ba ba kwa kgolegelong. Basetsana ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka kwa Chibok ka ngwaga wa 2014, ke palo e potlana fela ya palo yotlhe ya batho ba ba tserweng ke Boko Haram.<ref name=":0">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-32299943 "Nigeria Chibok abductions: What we know".] ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 8 May 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210301022609/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-32299943 Archived] from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Lekgotla la Amnesty International le akanyeditse ka ngwaga wa 2015 fa basadi le basetsana ba ka tshwara diketse tse pedi ba tshwerwe ke setlhopha se fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2014, bontsi jwa bone ba dirilwe makgoba a tlhakanelo dikobo.<ref name=":0" /> == Tse di diragetseng pele == Setlhopha sa Boko Haram sa ditsuolodi se batla go tlhoma diofisi tsa tumelo ya Islam kwa Nigeria, le kgatlhanong le thuto ya segompieno ya kwa makgoeng, e bareng e gogela batho kgakala le go sala morago dithuto tsa Islam e le tsela ya botshelo.<ref name=":1">McElroy, Damien (6 July 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10163942/Extremist-attack-in-Nigeria-kills-42-at-boarding-school.html "Extremist attack in Nigeria kills 42 at boarding school"]. ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Daily Telegraph]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20130709013656/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10163942/Extremist-attack-in-Nigeria-kills-42-at-boarding-school.html the original] on 9 July 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, dikete di le masome tsa batho ba ne ba bolaiwa kwa ditlhaselong tse di rotloeditsweng ke setlhopha se, puso ya kwa Nigeria e ne ya itsese fa lefatshe le le mo nakong ya tshoganyetso ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2013 kwa dikgaolong tsa Borno, Yobe le Adamawa, fa e lwa kgatlhanong le tlhaselo e. <ref name=":2">"[https://www.theaustralian.com.au/subscribe/news/1/?sourceCode=TAWEB_WRE170_a&dest=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fnigeria-school-attack-claims-42-lives%2Fnews-story%2F38f7ceee9a0a2cdbe31417474280255a&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&v21=GROUPB-Segment-2-NOSCORE&V21spcbehaviour=append Nigeria school attack claims 42 lives]". ''[[:en:The_Australian|The Australian]]''. [[:en:Agence_France-Presse|Agence France-Presse]]. 6 July 2013. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20170828062322/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/nigeria-school-attack-claims-42-lives/news-story/38f7ceee9a0a2cdbe31417474280255a the original] on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref>Ditlamorago e ne ya nna go tshwarwa kgotsa go bolawa ga akgolo a maloko a Boko Haram, fa ba ba setseng ba ne ba tshabela kwa dithabeng kwa ba neng ba simolola go tlhasela beng gae ba tswa teng.<ref>Adamu, Adamu; Faul, Michelle (6 June 2013). [https://www.newsday.com/news/30-killed-in-school-attack-in-nigeria-1.5638194 "School attack kills 30 in northeast Nigeria"]. ''[[:en:Newsday|Newsday]]''. Associated Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005082604/http://www.newsday.com/news/30-killed-in-school-attack-in-nigeria-1.5638194 Archived] from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, letsholo le le ne la retelelwa ke go ritibatsa seemo sa lefatshe. Sesole sa kwa Fora se se kwa Mali se ne sa kgarameletsa Boko Haram mo lefatsheng la Nigeria.<ref name=":3">Dorell, Oren (21 April 2014). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/ "Terrorists kidnap more than 200 Nigerian girls".] ''[[:en:USA_Today|USA Today]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140422093712/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/ Archived] from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>Aronson, Samuel (28 April 2014). "[https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/aqims-threat-to-western-interests-in-the-sahel AQIM and Boko Haram Threats to Western Interests in the Africa's Sahel"]. Combating Terrorism Center Sentinel (CTC), West Point. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140513133524/https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/aqims-threat-to-western-interests-in-the-sahel Archived] from the original on 13 May 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Nigeria - Borno.svg|left|thumb|Kwa kgaolo ya Borno e leng teng kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Nigeria]] Boko Haram ba ne ba simolola go tlhasela dikolo ka ngwaga wa 2010, ba bolaya makgolo a bana ba sekolo ka ngwaga wa 2014. Mmueledi wa setlhopha seo are ditlhaselo tsa mofuta oo di tla tswelela fa e santse puso ya Nigeria e kgoreletsa dithuto tsa Islam. Bana ba le dikete di le lesome ba ne ba retelelwa ke go tsena sekolo ka ntlha ya ditiro tsa Boko Haram.<ref name=":1" /> Boko Haram e itsege gape ka go tsaya basetsanyana ka dikgoka, ba e dumelang gore ga ba a tshwanela go rutega, mme ba ba dirise jaaka baapei kgotsa makgoba a tlhakanelo dikobo.<ref name=":3" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Phukwi a le malatsi a le marataro, banna ba ba tswang mo Boko Harama ba tshotse ditlhobolo, ba ne ba tlhasela dikolo tsa puso kwa Mamudo, kwa kgaolong ya Yobe, ba bolaya batho ba tshwara masome a mane le bobedi. Bontsi jwa ba ba neng ba bolailwe ke bana ba sekolo, go na le babereki.<ref name=":2" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Lwetse a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe, banna ba Boko Haram ba tshotse ditlhobolo ba ne ba tsena kwa matlong a borobalo a basimane kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo temothuo kwa Gujiba, kwa kgaolong ya Yobe, ba bolaya baithuti ba le masome a mane le bone le barutabana.<ref>Adamu, Adamu; Faul, Michelle (29 September 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131002234600/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/at-least-42-killed-18-injured-in-nigeria-college-attack-by-suspected-islamic-extremists/article14589188/ "Boko Haram blamed after attack on Nigerian college leaves as many as 50 dead"]. [[:en:The_Globe_and_Mail|''The Globe and Mail''.]] Associated Press. Archived from [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/at-least-42-killed-18-injured-in-nigeria-college-attack-by-suspected-islamic-extremists/article14589188/ the original] on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2025</ref> Ditlhaselo tsa Boko Haram di ne tsa gakala ka ngwaga wa 2014. Ka Tlhakole, setlhopha se ne sa bolaya banna ba BaKeresete ba le lekgolo kwa metseng ya Doron Baga le Izghe.<ref name=":3" /> Kgwedi yone yeo, basimane ba le masome a matlhano le boferabongwe ba ne ba bolawa kwa sekolong sa puso se segolwane kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa lefatshe la Nigeria.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140226141016/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/25/boko-haram-kills-children-boarding-school "Boko Haram kills 59 children at Nigerian boarding school"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]]. 25 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/25/boko-haram-kills-children-boarding-school the original] on 26 February 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Ka Mopitlo, setlhopha se ne sa tlhasela manno a masole kwa Giwa, ba falotsa ba ba neng ba golegilwe.<ref name=":3" /> Go tsaya ka dikgoka kwa Chibok go diragetse letsatsi le le lengwe le tlhaselo ya bomo kwa Abuja, e mo go yone batho ba ka nna masome a ferabobedi le boferabobedi ba tlhokafetseng.<ref>Perkins, Anne (23 April 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/apr/23/200-girls-missing-nigeria-care-sewol-tragedy "200 girls are missing in Nigeria – so why doesn't anybody care?".] ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190522145259/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/apr/23/200-girls-missing-nigeria-care-sewol-tragedy Archived] from the original on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2025</ref> Tsela e e yang kwa Chibok, gantsi e a tlhaselwa ka ntlha ya gore ga gona tshireletso ya batsamai ba yone ba metse eo ke puso.<ref>Mbah, Fidelis (14 April 2019). [https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/4/14/nigerias-chibok-schoolgirls-five-years-on-112-still-missing "Nigeria's Chibok schoolgirls: Five years on, 112 still missing"]. [[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|''Al Jazeera''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210316175219/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/4/14/nigerias-chibok-schoolgirls-five-years-on-112-still-missing Archived] from the original on 16 March 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Boko Haram e beilwe molato wa dintsho di le dikete di le nne ka ngwaga wa 2014.<ref name=":3" /> Thuto e e amogetsweng go tswa mo lekgotleng la al-Qaeda Islamic Maghreb le al Qaeda kwa Arabian Peninsula e thusitse Boko Jaram go gakatsa ditlhaselo tsa yone.<ref name=":7">Abubakar, Aminu; Levs, Josh (5 May 2014). [https://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/05/world/africa/nigeria-abducted-girls/ "'I will sell them,' Boko Haram leader says of kidnapped Nigerian girls"]. ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140505155919/http://www.cnn.com/2014/05/05/world/africa/nigeria-abducted-girls/ Archived] from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref> Jonathan N.C Hill wa kwa sekolong se segolwane sa King's College of London o akantshitse gore Boko Haram e tsere basetsana ka dikgoka morago ga go thotloetso ywa al-Qaeda kwa Islamic Maghreb, o supa fa maikaelelo a setlhopha e le go dirisa basetsana le makgarejwana a e le didirisiwa tsa tlhakanelo dikobo le go tshosetsa beng gae gore ba dumalane le bone. Hill o tlhalosa fa ditlhaselo tse di tshwana le go tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsaan kwa Algeria ka dingwaga tsa 1990 le 2000 di simologa.<ref>Hill, Jonathan N.C. (30 July 2014). [https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/boko-haram-the-chibok-abductions-and-nigerias-counterterrorism-strategy "Boko Haram, the Chibok Abductions and Nigeria's Counterterrorism Strategy"]. ''Combating Terrorism Center at West Point''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140904160609/https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/boko-haram-the-chibok-abductions-and-nigerias-counterterrorism-strategy Archived] from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2025.</ref><ref>Marina Lazreg, "Consequences of Political Liberalisation and Sociocultural Mobilisation for Women in Algeria, Egypt and Jordan," in Anne-Marie Goetz, Governing Women: Women's Political Effectiveness in Contexts of Democratisation and Governance Reform (New York: Routledge/UNRISD, 2009), p. 47.</ref> == Go tsaya batho ka dikgoka == [[Setshwantsho:USArmy-BokoHaram-Chibock 2014.png|thumb|Mmepe o o supang ditiragalo tsa tlhaselo, o dirilwe ke ba sesole sa lefatshe la United States.]] [[Setshwantsho:Chibok kidnapping destruction VOA.jpg|thumb|Tshenyo e e diragetseng kwa sekolong morago ga tlhaselo]] E ne ya re ka bosigo jwa Motsheganong a le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa 2014, maloko a setlhopha sa ditsuolodi sa Islam ebong Boko Haram,<ref>Hegarty, Stephanie (14 April 2016). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35979157 "Chibok abduction: The Nigerian town that lost its girls"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210526040033/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35979157 Archived] from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13809501 Who are Nigeria's Boko Haram Islamist group?]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 24 November 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210301002500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13809501 Archived] from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> sa tlhasela sekolo sa puso sa basetsana kwa Chibok, Nigeria, motse o bontsi jwa batho ba one e leng ba tumelo ya SeKeresete. Dioura di se kae pele ga tlhaselo e, banni ba Chibok ba amogela mogala g tswa kwa metseng e e mabapi, ba ba tsibosa ka tlhaselo e e tlang, ba ba neng ba iponetse ka matlho motseletsele wa dikoloi di pegile batho ba ba tshotseng ditlhobolo ba ya ntlheng ya toropo.<ref>Adewunmi, Bim; Mark, Monica; Burke, Jason (7 May 2014). "[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/nigeria-boko-haram-mass-kidnapping-vital-questions Nigeria's mass kidnapping: the vital questions answered]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210301152504/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/nigeria-boko-haram-mass-kidnapping-vital-questions Archived] from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ditsuolodi di ne tsa tsena kwa sekolong, ba ikaya fa ele masole a lefatshe la Nigeria ebile ba apere kapari ya sesole e e tshwanang.<ref>Burns, Rick (October 2015). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20170312165947/https://info.publicintelligence.net/USArmy-BokoHaram.pdf Threat Tactics Report: Boko Haram]" (PDF). [[:en:United_States_Army_Training_and_Doctrine_Command|''United States Army Training and Doctrine Command''. p. 15. Archived]] (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Nossiter, Adam (15 May 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/world/africa/tales-of-escapees-in-nigeria-add-to-worries-about-other-kidnapped-girls.html "Tales of Escapees in Nigeria Add to Worries About Other Kidnapped Girls"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180824105406/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/world/africa/tales-of-escapees-in-nigeria-add-to-worries-about-other-kidnapped-girls.html Archived] from the original on 24 August 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Nossiter, Adam (15 May 2014). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/world/africa/tales-of-escapees-in-nigeria-add-to-worries-about-other-kidnapped-girls.html Tales of Escapees in Nigeria Add to Worries About Other Kidnapped Girls]". [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180824105406/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/world/africa/tales-of-escapees-in-nigeria-add-to-worries-about-other-kidnapped-girls.html Archived] from the original on 24 August 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ba ne ba kopane le masole a lesome le botlhano a kwa Chibok ba ba neng ba retelelwa ke go emisa tlhaselo ka batlhasedi ba ne ba na le dipalo le dibetsa tse di fetang tsa bone, mme go ne ga seka ga romelwa thuso epe ke sesole sa Nigeria ka nako ya tlhaselo eo.<ref>Perkins, Anne (23 April 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/apr/23/200-girls-missing-nigeria-care-sewol-tragedy "200 girls are missing in Nigeria – so why doesn't anybody care?"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190522145259/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/apr/23/200-girls-missing-nigeria-care-sewol-tragedy Archived] from the original on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Adewunmi, Bim; Mark, Monica; Burke, Jason (7 May 2014). "[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/nigeria-boko-haram-mass-kidnapping-vital-questions Nigeria's mass kidnapping: the vital questions answered]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0261-3077 0261-3077]. Archived from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> Lesole le lepodisi ba ne ba bolawa ka nako ya tlhaselo eo.<ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/15/schoolgirls-kidnapped-suspected-islamists-nigeria Schoolgirls kidnapped by suspected Islamists in Nigeria]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]]. 15 April 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210601030210/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/15/schoolgirls-kidnapped-suspected-islamists-nigeria Archived] from the original on 1 June 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Tlhaselo e tsere dioura di le tlhano, e ka yone matlo a kwa hibok a neng a tshubiwa.<ref>Perkins, Anne (23 April 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/apr/23/200-girls-missing-nigeria-care-sewol-tragedy "200 girls are missing in Nigeria – so why doesn't anybody care?"]. [[:en:The_Guardian|''The Guardian''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20190522145259/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/apr/23/200-girls-missing-nigeria-care-sewol-tragedy Archived] from the original on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Go ya ka dipego tse di filweng ke bangwe ba basetsana, di akaretsa bukana e e neng e kwadilwe ke basetsaan ba le babedi (Naomi Adamu le Sarah Samuel) fa ba le mo kgolegelong, batlhasedi ba ne ba ikaeletse go utswa bontlha bongwe jwa motšhine, ebile ba sa itse se ba ka dirang ka basetsana ba.<ref>Nossiter, Adam (15 May 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/world/africa/tales-of-escapees-in-nigeria-add-to-worries-about-other-kidnapped-girls.html "Tales of Escapees in Nigeria Add to Worries About Other Kidnapped Girls"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180824105406/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/world/africa/tales-of-escapees-in-nigeria-add-to-worries-about-other-kidnapped-girls.html Archived] from the original on 24 August 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ba boleleltse basetsana gore ba tswe ba tsamaye le bone. Basetsana bangwe ba ne ba pegiwa mo dikoloing fa bangwe ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go tsamaya ka dinao go fitlhelela diteraka tse dingwe di tla go ba tsaya, gongwe go ba isa mo lefelong la Konduga kgotsa sekgwa sa Sambisa kwa Boko Haram e nang le dikampa teng. Motswedi o o tlhokileng leina wa sesole o dumela fa basetsana ba kgaogantswe mo dikampeng tse difarologaneng tsa Boko haram, gaufi le letšha la Chad, dithaba tsa Gorsi le sekgwa sa Sambisa. Basetsana ba le masome matlhano le bosupa ba ne ba kgona go falola ka go photsha mo diterakeng tse ba neg ba pegilwe mo go tsone.<ref>Mbah, Fidelis (14 April 2019). [https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/4/14/nigerias-chibok-schoolgirls-five-years-on-112-still-missing "Nigeria's Chibok schoolgirls: Five years on, 112 still missing"]. ''[[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|Al Jazeera]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210316175219/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/4/14/nigerias-chibok-schoolgirls-five-years-on-112-still-missing Archived] from the original on 16 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Moragonyana ga tlhaselo, ditlhopha tsa tshireletso le batsadi ba ne ba tsena mo sekgweng sa Sambisa ba leka go batla le go falodisa basetsana ba, mme ba ne ba seka ba atlega.<ref>Adewunmi, Bim; Mark, Monica; Burke, Jason (7 May 2014). "[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/nigeria-boko-haram-mass-kidnapping-vital-questions Nigeria's mass kidnapping: the vital questions answered]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210301152504/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/nigeria-boko-haram-mass-kidnapping-vital-questions Archived] from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Sekolo se se ne se tswetswe dibeke di le nne pele ga tlhaselo ka ntlha ya kwelo tlase ya tshireletso, mme baithuti go tswa mo dikolong tse difarologanneg le metse ba ne ba tseneletse sekolo letsatsi leo go ya go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bofelo tsa Physics. Go ne go na le baithuti ba le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mararo ba ba neng ba kwadisitswe go tsaya karolo mo tlhatlhobong ya bofello kwa sekolong sa puso, le fa go sa itsagale gore ke ba le kae ba ba neng ba le teng ka nako ya tlhaselo. Bana ba ne ba le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro go tsena ka lesome le boferabobedi, ba dira ngwaga wa bone wa bofelo wa sekolo.<ref name=":10">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 "Boko Haram admits abducting Nigeria girls from Chibok]". ''BBC News''. 5 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181130005647/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 Archived] from the original on 30 November 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Go ne go na le ketsaetsego ya gore ke basetsana ba le kae ba ba tserweng, ba sesole ba supa fa bontsi jwa basetsana ba tshabile kgotsa ba tlogetswe, fa ba ferabobedi fela ele bone ba tserweng, dikgang tse e neng e se boammaruri. Batsadi ba ne bare basetsana ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo le bone ga ba bonwe,<ref>Dorell, Oren (21 April 2014). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/ "Terrorists kidnap more than 200 Nigerian girls"]. [[:en:USA_Today|''USA Today''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140422093712/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/ Archived] from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> mme sepodise sone se supa fa ba le makgolo a mabedi, masome a supa le borataro ba tserwe ka nako ya tlhaselo, fa ba le masome a matlhano le boraro ba iphalodisitse ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a mabedi.<ref>"[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/160005-nigerian-police-begin-documentation-kidnapped-girls.html Nigerian Police Begin Documentation of Kidnapped Girls]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. 2 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140529092130/http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/160005-nigerian-police-begin-documentation-kidnapped-girls.html Archived] from the original on 29 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Go ne go dumalanwe pele gore ba le makgolo a mabedi, masome a supa le borataro ba tserwe.<ref>Omolade, Temitope (5 August 2016). [https://www.dw.com/en/timeline-on-nigerias-missing-chibok-schoolgirls/a-19266328 "Timeline on Nigeria's missing Chibok schoolgirls"]. ''[[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210525023224/https://www.dw.com/en/timeline-on-nigerias-missing-chibok-schoolgirls/a-19266328 the original] on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Dipego tse dingwe di fa dipalo tse difarologaneng tsa basetsana ba ba tserweng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210621185039/https://www.voanews.com/africa/authorities-276-kidnapped-girls-still-missing-nigeria "Authorities – 276 Kidnapped Girls Still Missing in Nigeria"]. ''Voice of America''. 2 May 2014. Archived from [https://www.voanews.com/africa/authorities-276-kidnapped-girls-still-missing-nigeria the original] on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Maclean, Ruth (3 May 2014). [https://www.thetimes.com/uk/crime/article/nigerian-school-says-329-girl-pupils-missing-ssl6jkmcclw?region=global "Nigerian school says 329 girl pupils missing"]. ''The Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170208033452/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/africa/article4079819.ece Archived] from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Chomiak, Catherine; Gittens, Hasani (13 May 2014). "[https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/missing-nigeria-schoolgirls/united-states-sending-manned-flights-over-nigeria-look-girls-n103701 United States Sending Manned Flights Over Nigeria to Look for Girls]". ''[[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190214062909/https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/missing-nigeria-schoolgirls/united-states-sending-manned-flights-over-nigeria-look-girls-n103701 Archived] from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Lekgotla la Amnesty International le kgadile puso ya Nigeria, le dumela fa sesole sa Nigeria se ne se boleletswe ka tlhaselo dioura di le nne pele ga e diragala, mme ba palelwa ke go romela bathusi go sireletsa sekolo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27344863 "Nigeria abductions: Warnings of school raid 'ignored']". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 9 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140509171820/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27344863 Archived] from the original on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Moeteledipele wa sesole sa Nigeria morago o ne a dumalana gore ba ne ba itse ka tiragalo e dioura di le nne pele ga e diragala mme a supa fa ba ne ba sa kgone go romela bathusi.<ref>Macdonald, Hamish; Omisore, Bola (9 May 2014). [https://abcnews.go.com/International/nigeria-hour-warning-school-raid-amnesty-international/story?id=23652165 "Nigeria Had 4-Hour Warning on School Raid, Amnesty International Says]". ''[[:en:ABC_News_(United_States)|ABC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200724160504/https://abcnews.go.com/International/nigeria-hour-warning-school-raid-amnesty-international/story?id=23652165 Archived] from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> == Ditlamorago == === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2014 === [[Setshwantsho:CEE-HOPE NIGERIA FOR WIKI LOVES WOMEN"S PROJECT IN NIGERIA 13.jpg|thumb|Lekgotla la CEE-HOPE la Nigeria le ne la rulaganya tirelo ya segopotso sa go tsewa ka dikgoka, morago ga ngwaga.]] Palo e ntsi ya basetsana ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka, e ne ya patelediwa go fetogela kwa tumelong ya Islam.<ref>LaFranchi, Howard (5 May 2014). [[:en:Chibok_schoolgirls_kidnapping|"What role for US in efforts to rescue Nigeria's kidnapped girls?"]]. ''[[:en:The_Christian_Science_Monitor|The Christian Science Monitor]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170326073323/http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Foreign-Policy/2014/0505/What-role-for-US-in-efforts-to-rescue-Nigeria-s-kidnapped-girls-video Archived] from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Moodley, Kiran (27 October 2014). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/inside-boko-haram-women-and-girls-forced-to-marry-convert-and-endure-forced-labor-and-rape-in-captivity-9820251.html "Inside Boko Haram: Women and girls forced to marry, convert and endure forced labour and rape in captivity"]. ''[[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210610054126/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/inside-boko-haram-women-and-girls-forced-marry-convert-and-endure-forced-labor-and-rape-captivity-9820251.html Archived] from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Smith, David; Sherwood, Harriet (15 May 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/14/nigeria-launches-military-operation-to-find-kidnapped-girls "Military operation launched to locate kidnapped Nigerian girls"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180813175333/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/14/nigeria-launches-military-operation-to-find-kidnapped-girls Archived] from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Basetsana ba ne ba patelediwa go tsena mo lonyalong le maloko a Boko Haram, ka bogadi jwa N2000. Banjo ba kwa sekgweng sa Sambisa, ba ne ba bega fa ba bone baithuti ba. Baby bangwe ba ne ba bega fa ba ba bone ba kgabaganyetsa mo mafatshing a a mabapi a [[Chad]] le [[Cameroon]] ba na le ditsuolodi,<ref>Heaton, Laura (30 April 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10797454/Nigeria-kidnapped-schoolgirls-sold-as-wives-to-Islamist-fighters.html "Nigeria: kidnapped schoolgirls 'sold as wives to Islamist fighters'"]. ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Daily Telegraph]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190528180532/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10797454/Nigeria-kidnapped-schoolgirls-sold-as-wives-to-Islamist-fighters.html Archived] from the original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Hassan, Turaki A; Sule, Ibrahim Kabiru; Mutum, Ronald (29 April 2014). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140506232533/http://www.dailytrust.info/index.php/top-stories/22791-abducted-girls-moved-abroad Abducted girls moved abroad]". ''Daily Trust''. Archived from [https://monetize.info/affiliate-marketing-guides/ the original] on 6 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> le fa Kashim Shettima, molaodi wa kgaolo ya Borno a ne a supa fa a bone basetsana ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le motso, mme a supa fa ba sa tlola molelwane. Sesole sa Nigeria se ne sa kopa thuso mo baithaoping le baeladilotlhoko, go sekaseka dikgwa tse di gaufi le melelwane,ka Moranang a le malatsi a le masome mabedi le motso.<ref>Dorell, Oren (21 April 2014). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/ "Terrorists kidnap more than 200 Nigerian girls]". ''[[:en:USA_Today|USA Today]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140422093712/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/ Archived] from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Banni ba mo gae ba ne ba kgona go latedisa metsamao ya baithuti,ka thuso ya ba ba itseng kwa bokone botlhaba jwa lefatshe la Nigeria.<ref>Heaton, Laura (30 April 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10797454/Nigeria-kidnapped-schoolgirls-sold-as-wives-to-Islamist-fighters.html "Nigeria: kidnapped schoolgirls 'sold as wives to Islamist fighters'"]. ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Daily Telegraph]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190528180532/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10797454/Nigeria-kidnapped-schoolgirls-sold-as-wives-to-Islamist-fighters.html Archived] from the original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2025.</ref> Mokwalo o o neng o dirilwe ke bangwe basetsana ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka o supa ka fa bangwe ba kgonneng go falola ka teng mme baagi ba mo metseng ba ba busetsa kwa bathong ba Boko Haram ba ba neng ba ba betsa go ba otlhaya.<ref>Adamu, Naomi (23 October 2017). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-41570252 "The secret diaries of the Chibok girls"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171023153536/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-41570252 Archived] from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a le mabedi, sepodise sa lefatshe ka Nigeria se ne se supa fa palo ya baithuti ba na tserweng ka dikgoka e sa papamala, mme ba kopa bana go romela maina le dinepe tsa basetsana ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka,gore go dirwe palo ya semmuso. Mapodise ba ne ba supa fa ketsaetsego e bakilwe ke tshenyo ya dipampiri tsa sekolo ka nako ya tlhaselo.<ref>"[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/160005-nigerian-police-begin-documentation-kidnapped-girls.html?tztc=1 Nigerian Police Begin Documentation of Kidnapped Girls]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. 2 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140529092130/http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/160005-nigerian-police-begin-documentation-kidnapped-girls.html Archived] from the original on 29 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref>Tautona wa lefatshe la Nigeria,Goodluck Jonathan, o ne a buwa phatlalatsa ka go tsewa ga basetsana, e le lantlha ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane, a re puso e dira gotlhe mo e ka go kgonang go batla basetsana ba ba sa bonweng.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 "Boko Haram admits abducting Nigeria girls from Chibok".] ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 5 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181130005647/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 Archived] from the original on 30 November 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> O ne a kgala batsadi go bo ba sa neele puso tse ba tlhokang go di itse ka bana ba bone ba ba sa bonweng, a supa fa ba sa dirisane le ba sepodise.<ref>Abubakar, Aminu; Levs, Josh (5 May 2014). [https://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/05/world/africa/nigeria-abducted-girls/ "'I will sell them,' Boko Haram leader says of kidnapped Nigerian girls"]. ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140505155919/http://www.cnn.com/2014/05/05/world/africa/nigeria-abducted-girls/ Archived] from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Pampiri ya dikgang ya The Guardian, e ne ya bega fa sesole sa mo phefong sa bogosi jwa Britain, se dirile letsholo le le bidiwang "Turus" e le go tsibogela go tsewa ga basetsana ba. Motswedi o o amanang le sesole seo, o ne wa bolelela pampiri ya dikgang ya The Observer gore basetsana ba sale ba bonwe ka dibeke tsa ntlha tsa thomo ya sesole seo, le gore bone e le sesole sa Britain sa bogosi, ba ne ba batlile go ba falotsa, mme puso ya Nigeria ya gana, ka ba ne ba bona kgang e, ele kgang ya lefatshe leo e e tshwanetseng go rarabololwa ke boramatlhale ba Nigeria le maphata a tshireletso.<ref>McQue, Katie (4 March 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/04/nigeria-declined-uk-offer-to-rescue-chibok-girls "Nigeria rejected British offer to rescue seized Chibok schoolgirls"]. [[:en:The_Observer|''The Observer''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170330190503/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/04/nigeria-declined-uk-offer-to-rescue-chibok-girls The Guardian]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170330190503/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/04/nigeria-declined-uk-offer-to-rescue-chibok-girls Archived] from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Moemedi wa lefatshe la Britain kwa Nigeria, Andrew Pocock, o ne a re dikgwedi di le mmalwa morago ga go tsewa ga basetsana, setlhopha sa basetsana ba sekolo sa Chibok ba le masome a ferabobedi se ne sa bonwa ke maranyane a "leitlho mo loaping" a lefatshe la America, mme go ne ga seka ga dirwa sepe. Basetsana ba ka nna masome a ferabobedi, kampa,le bosupi jwa go tsamaya ga koloi di ne tsa bonwa go bapa le lefelo la lotshwao le le bidiwang "tree of life" gaufi le sekgwa sa Sambisa.<ref name=":8">Lamb, Christina (20 March 2016). [https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/a-fight-for-the-soul-of-the-world-khbhmjv0h "A fight for the soul of the world"]. ''[[:en:The_Sunday_Times|The Sunday Times]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210711171024/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-fight-for-the-soul-of-the-world-khbhmjv0h the original] on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Moeteledipele wa Boko Haram, Abubakar Shekau, o ne a tsaya maikarabelo a go tsaya basetsana ka dikgoka mo setshwantshong sa motshikhinyego se se ntshitsweng moragonyana ga nako ya bongwe motshegare wa Motsheganong a le malatsi a matlhano.<ref name=":11">"[https://www.wired.com/story/bring-back-our-girls-international-rallying-cry/ How a Hashtag Went Viral - and Incited a Military Intervention]". ''[[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]''. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1059-1028 1059-1028]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210313112003/https://www.wired.com/story/bring-back-our-girls-international-rallying-cry/ Archived] from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Shekau o ne a supa fa Allah a mo kaetse go ba rekisa mme ebile o tla diragatsa ditaelo tsa gagwe,<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 Boko Haram admits abducting Nigeria girls from Chibok]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 5 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181130005647/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 Archived] from the original on 30 November 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> le gore bokgoba bo a letlelesega mo tumelong ya gagwe, o tla tshwara batho a ba dire makgoba. O ne a re basetsana bao ba ne ba sa tshwanela go ka bo ba ne ba le kwa sekolong, ba ka bo ba nyetswe ka basetsana ba ba dingwaga di ferabongwe ba lekane go nyalwa.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27283383 "Boko Haram admits abducting Nigeria girls from Chibok"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 5 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181130005647/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27283383 Archived] from the original on 30 November 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Lister, Tim (6 May 2014). [https://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/06/world/africa/nigeria-boko-haram-analysis/ "Boko Haram: The essence of terror"]. CNN. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140513033040/http://www.cnn.com/2014/05/06/world/africa/nigeria-boko-haram-analysis/ Archived] from the original on 13 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Setshwantsho se sengwe sa motshikhinyego se ne sa ntshiwa morago ga beke, se supa basetsana ba le lekgolo masome a mararo ba apere mesese le ditukwi tsa tumelo ya Islam.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27342757 Nigeria abductions: Timeline of events]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 12 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210309181903/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27342757 Archived] from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27389082 Nigeria abduction video: Schoolgirls 'recognised]'". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 14 May 2014. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210308024331/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27389082 the original] on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> E ne e le lantlha basetsana ba bonwa fa e sale ba tsewa kwa Chibok.<ref>Nossiter, Adam (13 May 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/world/africa/boko-haram-video-kidnapped-nigerian-girls.html "Nigerian Girls Seen in Video From Militants"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210209045914/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/world/africa/boko-haram-video-kidnapped-nigerian-girls.html Archived] from the original on 9 February 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Mo setshwantshong seo, Shekau o ne a dumalana gore bontsi jwa basetsana bao ga se ba tumelo ya Muslim, mme bangwe ba fetogetse kwa tumelong eo, mme ba tla ba tshwara sentle jaaka moporofite Mohammad a ne a tshwara batho ba ba sa dumeleng mo Modimong wa gagwe, ba a neng a ba tshwara.<ref name=":4">Nossiter, Adam (13 May 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/world/africa/boko-haram-video-kidnapped-nigerian-girls.html "Nigerian Girls Seen in Video From Militants"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210209045914/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/world/africa/boko-haram-video-kidnapped-nigerian-girls.html the original] on 9 February 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Shekau o ne a supa gore ga a ka ke a tlogela basetsana go fitlhelela maloko a Boko Haram a a kwa kgolegelong a gololwa, ba ntsha kgang ya go neelana batshwarwa le puso ya Nigeria.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga go tsewa ga basetsana kwa Chibok, ditlhaselo di le dintsi tse di amangwang le Boko Haram di ne tsa diragala kwa lefatsheng la Nigeria. ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a le matlhano, baagi ba toropo e e gautshwane ya Gamboru Ngala ba le makgolo a mararo ba ne ba bolawa mo tlhaselong ya masole a Boko Haram morago ga gore makgotla a itshireletso a tswe kwa toropong e o go ya go senka basetsana.<ref>Faul, Michelle (7 May 2014). [https://apnews.com/general-news-fda9096e64674d439445ecc87ee0e3b7 "Islamic militant attack in Nigeria kills hundreds".] ''Associated Press''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210622184944/https://apnews.com/article/fda9096e64674d439445ecc87ee0e3b7 Archived] from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Letsatsi le le latelanng Boko Haram e ne ya tsaya basetsana ba ferabobedi ba ba dingwaga tse di lesome le bobedi go tsena ka lesome le botlhano kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Nigeria.<ref>"[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-05-06/an-boko-haram-kidnap-more-girls-in-nigeria/5435050 Boko Haram kidnaps more girls in Nigeria]". ''[[:en:Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation|Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]''. Reuters. 6 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140511102650/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-05-06/an-boko-haram-kidnap-more-girls-in-nigeria/5435050 Archived] from the original on 11 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ka bosigo jwa Motsheganong a le lesome le bone, Boko Haram e ne ya tlhasela motseletsele wa dikoloi o o neng o senka basetsana ba ba neng ba tshwerwe go bapa le Chibok, ba bolaya masole a le lesome le bobedi, ba gobatsa ba bangwe ba le mmalwa. tiragalo e e ne ya baka go gana go rongwa ga makgotla a tshireletso a kwa Maiduguri, ba fokotsa kgonagalo ya go falotsa basetsana ga sesole sa Nigeria.<ref>Burns, Rick (2015), ''[https://info.publicintelligence.net/USArmy-BokoHaram.pdf Threat Tactics Report: Boko Haram, TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration]'' (PDF), [[:en:United_States_Army_Training_and_Doctrine_Command|United States Army Training and Doctrine Command]], p. 9,10, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170312165947/https://info.publicintelligence.net/USArmy-BokoHaram.pdf archived] (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2017, retrieved 16 May 2025.</ref> Malatsi a le masome mabedi go tsena a le masome a mararo a kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, basadi le bana ba le masome a ferabongwe le bongwe ba ne ba tshwarwa kwa dikgaolong tse dingwe tsa Borno, ba tshwarwa ke batho ba Boko Haram,<ref>Pflanz, Mike; Strange, Hannah (23 June 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10922087/Islamist-fighters-kidnap-90-women-and-children-from-Nigeria-villages.html "Islamist fighters 'kidnap 90 women and children' from Nigeria villages".] ''[[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|The Telegraph]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20140625083453/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10922087/Islamist-fighters-kidnap-90-women-and-children-from-Nigeria-villages.html the original] on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> ka palo e go akanyediwang e le makgolo a marataro a basetsana ba ba kwa dikampeng tse tharo tsa Boko Haram kwa ntle ga Nigeria.<ref>Haynes, Deborah (9 June 2014). [https://www.thetimes.com/world/africa/article/more-than-600-girls-kidnapped-by-boko-haram-militants-wh9pcxndsn3 "More than 600 girls kidnapped by Boko Haram militants"]. ''The Times''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20160817015338/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/africa/article4112853.ece the original] on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Boko Haram e ne ya tlhasela gape kwa Chibok le metse e e mabapi ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bobedi, ba bolaya batho ba le masome a matlhano le bongwe, le ba le lesome le motso ba ba tserweng ba akaretsa batsadi ba basetsana ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/7/22/boko-haram-attacks-hometown-of-missing-girls "Boko Haram attacks hometown of missing girls"]. ''[[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|Al Jazeera]]''. 22 July 2014. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210420170649/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/7/22/boko-haram-attacks-hometown-of-missing-girls the original] on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Tumalano ya go falotsa basetsana ka go golola magolegwa a le lekgolo a Boko Haram a a kwa dikgolegelong tsa Nigeria e ne ya boelwa orago ka Motsheganong a le masome a amabedi le bone morago ga gore tautona goodluck Jonathan a bue le baemedi ba mafatshe a United States, Israel, France le Britain kwa Paris, kwa tumalano e neng ya nna gore ga go a tshwanelwa go dumalanwa sepe le ditsuolodi, le gore tharabololo e e akaretsang dikgoka e a tlhokafala.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140528021909/http://www.nigeriasun.com/index.php/sid/222347979/scat/8db1f72cde37faf3/ht/Nigerian-government-called-off-deal-to-free-kidnapped-girls "Nigerian government 'called off deal' to free kidnapped girls"]. ''Nigeria Sun''. Archived from [https://www.nigeriasun.com/index.php/sid/222347979/scat/8db1f72cde37faf3/ht/Nigerian-government-called-off-deal-to-free-kidnapped-girls the original] on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27577968 "Nigeria kidnapped girls: Government 'called off deal'"]. ''BBC News''. 26 May 2014. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023449/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27577968 the original] on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya motsheganong e le masome a mabedi le borataro, ramasole wa Nigeria o ne a itsise fa sesole sa Nigeria se bone basetsana, mme ba supa fa ba ka se ba falotse ka dikgoka ka ba tshaba gore go ka ama ba ba seng molato.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27582873 "Nigeria army 'knows where Boko Haram are holding girls'".] ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 27 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140527023132/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27582873 Archived] from the original on 27 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Basetsana ba le babedi ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka, ba ne ba fitlhelwa ba dirisitswe botlhaswa mo go tsa tlhakanelo dikobo, ba le gaufi le loso ebile ba bofeletswe mo setlhareng ka motsheganong a le malatsi a a masome a mararo, ke sesole sa mo gae kwa kgaolong ya baale kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Nigeria.<ref>[http://www.theparadigmng.com/cgi-sys/defaultwebpage.cgi "#BringBackOurGirls: Two Chibok Girls Raped And Left To Die In Sambisa Forest By Boko Haram".] ''The Paradigm''. 19 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150129154600/http://www.theparadigmng.com/?p=18056 Archived] from the original on 29 January 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref name=":5">Grill, Bartholomaus; Selander, Toby (30 May 2014). [https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/boko-haram-continues-to-terrorize-northern-nigeria-a-972282.html "The Devil in Nigeria: Boko Haram's Reign of Terror".] [[:en:Der_Spiegel|''Der Spiegel''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160915081728/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/boko-haram-continues-to-terrorize-northern-nigeria-a-972282.html Archived] from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Banni ba mo gae bare Boko Haram e ne e tlogetse basetsana ba babedi mme e bolaile ba le bane ba ba neng ba sa utlwe, ya ba katela.<ref name=":5" /> Basetsana ba bangwe ba le bane ba ne ba iphalotsa moragonyana, ba tsamaya dibeke di le tharo mme ba goroga kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e le lesome le bobedi. Bare ba ne ba le kwa kampeng kwa lefatsheng la Cameroon, ba dirisiwa botlhaswa letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Maclean, Ruth (12 October 2014). [https://www.thetimes.com/world/africa/article/kidnapped-boko-haram-girls-make-long-walk-to-freedom-793qjjfnzgk "Kidnapped Boko Haram girls make long walk to freedom".] [[:en:The_Times|''The Times''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210525000027/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/kidnapped-boko-haram-girls-make-long-walk-to-freedom-793qjjfnzgk Archived] from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Go ne ga begiwa ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le borataro gore puso ya Nigeria e beile monwana tumalano e e jang sedikadike se le sengwe le bobedi sa madi a di dolara, le kompone ya botsalano le morafe ya Levick, kwa Washington D.C, go bereka mo go tsa bobega dikgang jwa mafatshe le jwa mo gae bo bo amang go tsewa ga basetsana.<ref>Wilson, Megan (26 June 2014). [https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/210635-nigeria-hires-pr-for-boko-haram-fallout/ "Nigeria hires PR for Boko Haram fallout"]. ''[[:en:The_Hill_(newspaper)|The Hill]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20201002072558/https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/210635-nigeria-hires-pr-for-boko-haram-fallout the original] on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Mnthali, Luso (1 July 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/01/nigerian-government-pr-deal-chibok "Nigeria signs $1.2m PR deal to improve image after Boko Haram kidnaps"]. [[:en:The_Guardian|''The Guardian''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112000452/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/01/nigerian-government-pr-deal-chibok Archived] from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Tumaalno e, e ne ya supiwa e le tshenyo ya madi ke ba ba kgalang tautona Jonathan.<ref>Cocks, Tim (8 July 2014). [https://www.reuters.com/article/nigeria-violence-jonathan-idUSL2N0PJ0CP20140708/ "Jonathan's PR offensive backfires in Nigeria and abroad"]. ''Reuters''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210420170620/https://www.reuters.com/article/nigeria-violence-jonathan-idUSL2N0PJ0CP20140708 Archived] from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Jonathan o ne a kgalelwa go tlhoka go buisana mabapi le go tsewa ga basetsana. Jonathan o ne a bolelela pampiri ya The Washington Post gore tidimalo ya gagwe ke keletso ya gore a seka a baya maiteko a tsa tshireletso a go falotsa basetsana, mo diphatseng.<ref>Mnthali, Luso (1 July 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/01/nigerian-government-pr-deal-chibok "Nigeria signs $1.2m PR deal to improve image after Boko Haram kidnaps"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112000452/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/01/nigerian-government-pr-deal-chibok Archived] from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Jonathan, Goodluck (26 June 2014). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/goodluck-jonathan-nothing-is-more-important-than-bringing-home-nigerias-missing-girls/2014/06/26/7739275e-fd4b-11e3-b1f4-8e77c632c07b_story.html "Goodluck Jonathan: Nothing is more important than bringing home Nigeria's missing girls"]. [[:en:The_Washington_Post|''The Washington Post''.]] [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201002010527/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/goodluck-jonathan-nothing-is-more-important-than-bringing-home-nigerias-missing-girls/2014/06/26/7739275e-fd4b-11e3-b1f4-8e77c632c07b_story.html Archived] from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e rogwa, rakgwebo o a neng a akanyediwa go bo a tsere basetsana le go thuntsha marekisetso kwa bokonee-botlhaba jwa Nigeria, o ne a tshwarwa. Metswedi ya sesole ya re o ne a a lebisitswe le molato wa go thusa setlhopha sa Islam go bolaya moeteledipele Idrissa Timta wa kwa Gwoza.<ref>Ola, Lanre (1 July 2014). [https://www.reuters.com/ "Bomb kills 20 in Nigeria market, girls' abduction suspect held"]. ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 7 September 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> morago ga dibeke tse pedi, Zakaria Mohammed, o e leng leloko la maemo la Boko Haram, a tshwarwa kwa Darazo Basrika fa a tshaba sesole kwa sekgweng sa Balmo.<ref>Pearson, Michael (15 July 2014). [https://edition.cnn.com/2014/07/15/world/africa/nigeria-boko-haram-arrest/ "Nigerian police say they've arrested senior Boko Haram member"]. [[:en:CNN|''CNN''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210214041133/https://edition.cnn.com/2014/07/15/world/africa/nigeria-boko-haram-arrest Archived] from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://www.channelstv.com/2014/07/15/police-arrests-another-high-ranking-member-boko-haram/ Police Arrests Another High Ranking Member of Boko Haram]". ''Channels Television''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160503173944/http://www.channelstv.com/2014/07/15/police-arrests-another-high-ranking-member-boko-haram/ Archived] from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2015 === Stephen Davis, o e leng moruti wa Anglican, o ne a tshwaragana le babusi ba Boko Haram ba le bararo ba ba neng ba re ba ipaakanyeditse go tlogela basetsana ba kwa Chibok mme ba ya Nigeria ka Moranang ngwaga wa 2015. O ne a neelwa setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego (sa basetsana ba dirisiwa botlhaswa) e le go supa fa basetsana ba santse ba tshela, a bolelelwa fa ba le lesome le boferabobedi ba lwala mo go tseneletseng, bangwe ba na le mogare wa HIV. Morago ga makgetho a le mararo, tumalano e ne ya pala fa setlhopha se sengwe se tsaya basetsana ba dumela gore ba ka dira madi ka bone, mme Davis a tswa kwa Nigeria.<ref name=":6">Lamb, Christina (20 March 2016). [https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/a-fight-for-the-soul-of-the-world-khbhmjv0h "A fight for the soul of the world"]. ''[[:en:The_Sunday_Times|The Sunday Times]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210711171024/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-fight-for-the-soul-of-the-world-khbhmjv0h the original] on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Davis o ne a tlhalosa gore go ne go se thata go bona kwa dikamapa tsa Boko Haram tse tlhano kgotsa thataro di le teng, le gore o ka kgona go di bona mo maranyaneng a Google Earth. <ref name=":6" /> Paakanyo ya sekolo e ne ya simolola ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo, ka tona wa madi wa kwa Nigeria Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala a etela Chibok go fa mafoko a le mmalwa le go thusa go pega ditena kwa sekolong seo.<ref>Orjinmo, Nduka (14 April 2021). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56732909 "Why $30m didn't protect Nigerian pupils after Chibok"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210418080432/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56732909 Archived] from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya motsheganong, sesole sa kwa Nigeria se ne se tsere dikgaolo ka bontsi tse di neng di eteletswe pele ke Boko Haram,<ref>Corones, Mike (5 May 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150508011523/http://blogs.reuters.com/data-dive/2015/05/05/mapping-boko-harams-decline-in-nigeria/ "Mapping Boko Haram's decline in Nigeria".] ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> di akaretsa dikamapa tse di kwa sekgweng sa Sambisa kwa go belaesegang basetsana ba Chibok ba beilwe teng.<ref>Leithead, Alastair (14 April 2016). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36041860 "Boko Haram abductions: Freed 'bride' tells of stigma ordeal"]. [[:en:BBC_News|''BBC News''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160415131032/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36041860 Archived] from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Le ntswa basadi ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tshwerwe ba kgonne go falodisiwa, ga gona ope wa basetsana ba Chibok o o bonweng.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-32574777 "Boko Haram freed Nigerian women tell of captivity horror"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 4 May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20150507025337/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-32574777 the original] on 7 May 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> Tautona Mohammadu Bukhari, o o tsereng puso ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a supa ka Morule gore o ikaelela go buisana le Boko Haram go tlogela basetsana ba sekolo sa Chibok go sena mabaka a a tlang pele.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35203659 "Nigerian president offers talks with Boko Haram over Chibok girls]". ''BBC News''. 31 December 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151231025400/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35203659 Archived] from the original on 31 December 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2025.</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2016 === Sesole sa kwa Nigeria se golotse basadi le basetsana ba le sekete ba ba neng ba tshwerwe kwa motseng wa Boboshe ke Boko Haram ka Firikgong,<ref>Searcey, Dionne (11 February 2016). [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/12/world/africa/nigeria-vexed-by-boko-harams-use-of-women-as-suicide-bombers.html?_r=0 "Nigeria Vexed by Boko Haram's Use of Women as Suicide Bombers"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160216074647/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/12/world/africa/nigeria-vexed-by-boko-harams-use-of-women-as-suicide-bombers.html?_r=0 Archived] from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> mme go ne go sena basetsana ba kwa Chibok mo go bone.<ref>Lamb, Christina (20 March 2016). "[https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/a-fight-for-the-soul-of-the-world-khbhmjv0h A fight for the soul of the world]". ''[[:en:The_Sunday_Times|The Sunday Times]]''. [[:en:Chibok_schoolgirls_kidnapping|Archived]] from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Boko Haram e ne ya ntsha setshwantsho sa motshikinyego se sengwe ka kgwedi y Moranang se supa basetsana ba le lesome le botlhano ba ba neng ba bonala e le ba Chibok, ka nako eo basetsana ba le makgolo mabedi, lesome le boferabongwe ba ne ba santse ba sa bonwe.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36041635 Nigeria Chibok girls 'shown alive' in Boko Haram video]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 14 April 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160414100053/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36041635 Archived] from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Setshwantsho seo se supagala se ne se tserwe ka kgwedi ya Morule ngwaga wa 2015, mme basetsaan ba ne ba sa supe ba tshwenyegile, le fa go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore ditsuolodi di bo di ne di tlhophile basetsana mo setshwantshong seo gore batho ba akanye gore basetsana botlhe ba Chibok ba mo botsogong jo bo siameng. Mosetsana wa kwa Chibok ebong Amina Ali Nkeki o ne a bonwa ka kgwedi ya motsheganong e le lesome le bosupa ke setlhopha sa beng gae sa babatlisis kwa sekgweng sa Sambisa, a na le losea lwa gagwe le Mohammad Hayyatu, lesole le go belaesegang e le la Boko Haram, mme a ne a supa e le monna wa gagwe.<ref>Busari, Stephanie (29 January 2021). "[https://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/africa/nigeria-chibok-girls-escape-intl/index.html Several remaining missing Chibok schoolgirls escape from Boko Haram]". ''CNN''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210706033526/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/africa/nigeria-chibok-girls-escape-intl/index.html Archived] from the original on 6 July 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Boraro boo bo ne bo na le tlhaelo ya dikotla e e tseneletseng fa ba bonwa.<ref>Lamb, Christina (22 May 2016). "[https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/parents-raise-hopes-as-chibok-escapee-says-other-girls-alive-cpw7rpv3m Parents raise hopes as Chibok escapee says other girls alive]". ''[[:en:The_Sunday_Times|The Sunday Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200727005748/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/parents-raise-hopes-as-chibok-escapee-says-other-girls-alive-cpw7rpv3m Archived] from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36321249 "Chibok girls: Kidnapped schoolgirl found in Nigeria"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 18 May 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160518142316/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36321249 Archived] from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> O ne a isiwa kwa ntlong ya moeteledipele wa setlhopha ebong Aboku Gaji o a neng a mo lemoga. Setlhopha se ne sa letlanya mosetsana le batsadi ba gagwe.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36321249 "Chibok girls: Kidnapped schoolgirl found in Nigeria"]. ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 18 May 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160518142316/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36321249 Archived] from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> O ne a kopana le tautona wa Nigeria Muhammadu Buhari ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le boferabongwe.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36328583 Chibok girls: Amina Ali Nkeki meets President Buhari]". ''BBC News''. 19 May 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201204153416/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36328583 Archived] from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Matona a puso a ne a itsese ka lone letsatsi leo fa sesole sa Nigeria le ditlhopha tsa patlisiso di bolaile maloko a Boko Haram a le masome a mararo le botlhano, ba golotse basadi le bana ba le masome a ferabongwe le bosupa, mme ba supa fa mongwe wa basadi bao e e ne e le moithuti wa kwa Chibok.<ref>Stein, Chris; Searcey, Dionne (19 May 2016). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/20/world/africa/boko-haram-abducted-nigeria-schoolgirls-found-rescue-chibok.html Another Chibok Schoolgirl Kidnapped by Boko Haram Is Found, Nigeria Says]". ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160926143930/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/20/world/africa/boko-haram-abducted-nigeria-schoolgirls-found-rescue-chibok.html Archived] from the original on 26 September 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, go ne go na le dipelaelo tsa gore mosetsana Serah Luka, e ne e le ene monwge wa ba ba neng ba tserwe kwa Chibok ka dikgoka.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36338989 Boko Haram abductees freed in Nigeria]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 20 May 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160522184334/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36338989 Archived] from the original on 22 May 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ele masome a mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2016, Amir Muhammad Abdullahi, o neng a supa e le wa bobedi ka maemo ebile e le mmueledi wa masole a magolwane ka bontsi, o ne a itlhophela go ineela fela fa ba ka se utlusiwe botlhoko, mme ba tla busa ba ba ba tshwereng, ba akaretsa basetsana ba kwa chibok. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa ba bua ka basetsana ba kwa Chibok, o ne a re, bongwe mo borarong ke bone fela bo setseng, ka bontsi bo swetse tumelo.<ref>Kelly, Jeremy (21 May 2016). "[https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/boko-haram-willing-to-release-more-chibok-girls-wzmq6js3h Boko Haram willing to release more Chibok girls]". ''[[:en:The_Times|The Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210309113534/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/boko-haram-willing-to-release-more-chibok-girls-wzmq6js3h Archived] from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, sesole sa Nigeria se ne sa itsese gore ba simolotse tlhaselo ya mo phefong kwa diofisi kgolo tsa Boko Haram kwa sekgweng sa Sambisa, ba supa fa ba bolaile baeteledipele ba le bantsi mme ba gobaditse moeteledipele wa setlhopha seo Abubakar Shekau.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37163949 Boko Haram crisis: Nigeria air strike 'kills commanders]'". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 23 August 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201108101229/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37163949 Archived] from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Dipego tsa morago di ne tsa supa fa tlhaselo e bolaile basetsana ba Chibok ba le lesome mme ba gobaditse ba le masome a mararo.<ref>Burke, Jason (20 February 2021). "[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/20/smuggled-diary-tells-how-abducted-women-survived-boko-haram-camp Smuggled diary tells how abducted women survived Boko Haram camp]". [[:en:The_Observer|''The Observer''.]] [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0029-7712 0029-7712]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210223235214/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/20/smuggled-diary-tells-how-abducted-women-survived-boko-haram-camp Archived] from the original on 23 February 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> bangwe ba tshotse bana, le mmueledi o a neng a rwele sethiba matlho a re go gololwe balwantwa gore basetsana ba bone kgololesego.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-37076644 Nigeria Chibok girls: Boko Haram video shows captives]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 14 August 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160815001908/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-37076644 Archived] from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Monna o o ne a re bangwe ba basetsana ba Chibokk ba bolailwe ke marumo a sesole sa Nigeria fa ba le masome mane ba nyetswe. Setshwantsho se ne sa ntshiwa ka taolo ya ga Abubakar Shekau, moeteledipele wa lengwe la ditlhophana tsa Boko Haram.<ref>Kelly, Jeremy (15 August 2016). "[https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/kidnapped-nigerian-girls-in-video-plea-for-freedom-bqcjns87c Kidnapped Nigerian girls in video plea for freedom]". [[:en:The_Times|''The Times''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20200803115419/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/kidnapped-nigerian-girls-in-video-plea-for-freedom-bqcjns87c Archived] from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Basetsana ba kwa Chibok ba le masome mabedi le motso ba ne ba gololwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ke Boko Haram morago ga dipuisano gareng ga ditlhopha le puso ya Nigeria, di tseneletswe ke lekgiotla la International Commitee of the red Cross le puso ya kwa Switzerland.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37674597 Chibok girls: Freed students reunite with families in Nigeria]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 16 October 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161017132335/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37674597 Archived] from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-37641101 Nigeria's Chibok schoolgirls freed in Boko Haram deal]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 13 October 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161013104706/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-37641101 Archived] from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref><ref>Zahn, Harry (13 October 2016). "[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/boko-haram-releases-21-kidnapped-nigerian-schoolgirls-197-still-missing Boko Haram releases 21 kidnapped Nigerian schoolgirls. Some 197 are still missing]". ''[[:en:PBS_News_Hour|PBS NewsHour]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200813125015/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/boko-haram-releases-21-kidnapped-nigerian-schoolgirls-197-still-missing Archived] from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> Losea lo lo neng lo belegwe ke mongwe wa basetsana ebile go dumelwa le le dikgwedi di le masome mabedi ke ba bongaka le ne la gololwa.<ref>Busari, Stephanie; Hanna, Jason; Karimi, Faith (14 October 2016). "[https://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/13/africa/nigeria-chibok-girls-released/ Boko Haram releases 21 Chibok girls to Nigerian government"]. [[:en:CNN|''CNN''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20190429055342/https://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/13/africa/nigeria-chibok-girls-released/ Archived] from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> ka Phalane a le lesome le borataro, mmueledi wa ga tautona Buhari o ne a supa fa Boko Haram ene e eletsa go buisana ka go gololwa ga basetsana ba bangwe ba le masome a ferabobedi le boraro. Go ya ka ene, setlhopha se ne se supile fa basetsana ba bangwe ba ne ba le mo taolong ya setlhopha sa ga Shekau.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20161019001841/https://au.news.yahoo.com/world/a/32919274/negotiations-to-release-of-83-chibok-girls/#page1 Negotiations to release of 83 Chibok girls]". ''Yahoo7''. 16 October 2016. [https://au.yahoo.com/?err=404&err_url=https%3a%2f%2fau.news.yahoo.com%2fnegotiations-to-release-of-83-chibok-girls-32919274.html Archived] from the original on 19 October 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Malatsi a le mabedi morago, modulasetilo wa lekgotla la tlhabololo ya kwa Chibok, pogu Bitrus o ne a supa fa basetsaan ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba sa batle go boela gae ka ba ne ba timedtswe ditlhaloganyo kgotsa ba tshaba gore batho ba tla a ba leba jang. Mosetsana o mongwe a bidiwa Maryam Ali Maiyanga o ne a bonwa le losea lwa gagwe mme a falodisiwa ke sesole sa Nigeria ka kgwedi ya ngwanatsele e le malatsi a le matlhano. Mmueledi wa sesole Sani Usman are o bonwe kwa Pulka kwa kgaolong ya borno fa ba batla ba ba tshabileng go tswa kwa sekgweng sa Boko Haram sa Sambisa. O ne a tlhomamisiwa go bo e le mongwe wa basetsans ba Chibok ba baneng ba tserwe ka dikgoka, ke lekgotla la Bring Back Our Girls. === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2017 === [[Setshwantsho:Donald Trump, Ivanka Trump, and Chibok schoolgirls Joy Bishara and Lydia Pogu, June 27, 2017 (2).jpg|thumb|Tautona wa United States Donald J Trump, Ivanka Trump le basetsaab ba sekolo sa Chibok, Joy Bishara le Lydia Pogu kwa White House ka Seetebosigo a le malatsia le masome mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2017.]] Mongwe wa basetsana ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka, Rakiya Abubakar, o ne a begwa ka Firikgong a le malatsi a matlhano fa a bonwe ke sesole sa Nigeria a tshwere ngwana o o dikwgedi dithataro fa ba batlisisa babelaelwa ba ba tshwerweng kwa ditlhaselong tsa sesole kwa sekgweng sa Sambusa.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nigerian-chibok-girl-kidnapped-by-boko-haram-found-baby-nearly-200-still-missing/ "Nigerian girl kidnapped by Boko Haram, now a mother, found with baby"]. ''[[:en:CBS_News|CBS News]]''. [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]]. 5 January 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112031130/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nigerian-chibok-girl-kidnapped-by-boko-haram-found-baby-nearly-200-still-missing/ Archived] from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2025.</ref> O ne a tlhomamisiwa ka setlhopha sa Bring Back our Girls.<ref>Okakwu, Evelyn (5 January 2017). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/219713-bring-back-girls-group-confirms-identity-rescued-chibok-girl.html "Bring Back Our Girls group confirms identity of rescued Chibok girl"]. [[:en:Premium_Times|''Premium Times''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170407053859/http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/219713-bring-back-girls-group-confirms-identity-rescued-chibok-girl.html Archived] from the original on 7 April 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Basetsana ba sekolo ba le masome a ferabobedi le bobedi ba ne ba gololwa ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro morago ga dipuisano tse di atlegileng le puso ya Nigeria, tse di neng di akaretsa go gololwa ga baeteledipele ba boko Haram ba le batlhano.<ref>Busari, Stephanie; McCleary, Kelly (7 May 2017). "[https://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/06/africa/chibok-girls-released/index.html 82 Chibok schoolgirls released in Nigeria".] ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190418233845/https://www.cnn.com/2017/05/06/africa/chibok-girls-released/index.html Archived] from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> Dipuisano di ne di tshwerwe ke mong wa lekgotla la bopelotlhomogi kwa Maiduguri. Tumalano e e ne e akaretsa go tlhagelela ga tshireletso ya batho ya puso ya Switzerland le lekgotla la Red Cross. Madi a a kana ka didikadike tse tharo a ne a duelwa a le mo dibekeng tse pedi e le go rekolola basetsana ba le lekgolo le boraro ba ba neng ba gololwa ka kgwedi ya phalane ngwaga wa 2016 le Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2017. Mmueledi wa puso ya Nigeria o ne a supa gore le fa basetsana ba le masome a ferabobedi le boraro ba ba neng ba tshwanetse go gololwa ka Motsheganong 2017, mongwe wa bone a ne a itlhophela go nna le monna wa gagwe mo boemong jwa go gololwa. Tautona wa United States Donald trump o ne a kopana lebasetsana ba sekolo sa Chibok Joy Bishara le Lydia Pogu kwa ntlong ya tautona ya America kwa Seetebosigo a le malatsia le masome mabedi le bosupa, ba ba neng ba ya go simolola dithuto kwa sekolong se se rutelang ditiro sa Southeastern University kwa Florida. Bishara le Pogu ba ne ba isa lokwalo kwa go Trump, ba mo kopa go dira gore lefatshe la America le sireletsege ebile le thata. === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2018 === Sesole sa Nigeria, se ne sa supa ka Firikgong a le malatsia mane gore se golotse Salomi Pogu, o mongwe wa basetsana ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka. Col. Onyema Nwachukwu o ne a supa gore o golotswe kwa Borno go bapa le Pulka. O ne a fitlhelwa a na le lekgarejwana le lengwe le ngwaga. ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa 2018, bontsi jwa basetsana ba ba golotsweng ba ne ba ithuta kwa American Univesrity of Nigeria gaufi le kwa ba neng ba tshwaretswe teng kwa Chibok. Go ne go akanyediwa gore basetsana ba le lesome le boraro ba ne ba tlhokafetse ba le lekgolo le lesome le bobedi ba sa bonwe. Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa 2018, Ali Garga o ne a re o ka golola basetsana ba ba setseng ba le masome a mane, mme ba ne ba mmogisa a bo a bolawa ke maloko a mangwe a Boko haram fa ba lemoga se aneng a se dira. ka Phukwi, sepodisi sa Nigeria se ne sa tshwara sa bo sa atlhola balwantwa ba boko Haram ba ba neng go belaesega ba na le seabe mo go tshwarweng ga basetsana, fa a le mongwe a tshwerwe a bo a lebisiwa dingwaga di le masome mabedi mo kgolegelong.<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/04/15/nigeria-5-years-after-chibok-children-still-risk Nigeria: 5 Years After Chibok, Children Still at Risk"]. ''[[:en:Human_Rights_Watch|Human Rights Watch]]''. 15 April 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190416233657/https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/04/15/nigeria-5-years-after-chibok-children-still-risk Archived] from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2021 === Palo e e sa itsagaleng ya basetsana e iphaloditse ka Firikgong ngwaga wa 2021<ref>Busari, Stephanie (29 January 2021). [https://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/africa/nigeria-chibok-girls-escape-intl/index.html "Several remaining missing Chibok schoolgirls escape from Boko Haram"]. ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210706033526/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/africa/nigeria-chibok-girls-escape-intl/index.html Archived] from the original on 6 July 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref>. Ka 2021, kompone ya parkinson and Hinshaw e ne ya gatisa buka ''(Bring Back our Girls: The Astonishing Survival and Rescue of Nigeria's Missing School Girls'') e e neng e dirisa dipuisano le basetsana, ba ba neng ba le mo Boko Haram pele, ditlhola le matona a puso. Bontsi jwa buka bo ne bo ikaegile ka lokwalo lwa ga Naomi Adamu wa dingwaga tse di masome mabedi le bone, o e leng mongwe wa basetsanA ba ba neng ba tserwe ka dikgoka mme a gololwa ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-41570252 Chibok diaries: Chronicling a Boko Haram kidnapping]". ''[[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]]''. 23 October 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210221160313/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-41570252 Archived] from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> Adamu o ne a kaya maiphitlhelo a gagwe, a akaretsa gore ba ne ba tsenelela dithuto tsa Quran letsatsi le letsatsi ba patelediwa, ba betswa ka marago a tlhopbolo, megala le terata. Basetsana ba ba neng ba gana go nyalwa ba ne ba sa dirisiwe botlhaswa mo go tsa tlhakanelo dikobo, mme ba ne ba tshwarwa jaaka makgoba ba bo ba patelediwa go dito ditiro tse di bokete. O ne a eteletse pele setlhopha sa basetsana ba ba neng ba gana go fetogela kwa tumelong ya Islam, ba baneng ba tshosediwa gore ba tlaa bolawa ba bo ba nne ka tlala.<ref>Burke, Jason (20 February 2021). "[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/20/smuggled-diary-tells-how-abducted-women-survived-boko-haram-camp Smuggled diary tells how abducted women survived Boko Haram camp]". ''[[:en:The_Observer|The Observer]]''. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0029-7712 0029-7712]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210223235214/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/20/smuggled-diary-tells-how-abducted-women-survived-boko-haram-camp Archived] from the original on 23 February 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2022 === Ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2022, masole a Nigeria a ne a bona mosetsaan wa kwa Chibok, Mary Ngoshe le losea lwa gagwe gaufi le motse wa Ngoshe kwa kgaolo ya Borno.<ref>"[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/15/nigerian-troops-find-kidnapped-chibok-girl Nigerian troops find another kidnapped Chibok schoolgirl]". ''Aljazeera''. 15 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ba le bararo ba bangwe ba ne ba gololwa ka ngwaga wa 2022 Phukwi.<ref>[https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/30/nigerias-chibok-girls-three-women-found-years-after-their-abduction/ "Nigeria's Chibok girls: three women found years after their abduction"]. ''Africanews''. 15 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Mosadi a bidiwa Aisha Grema, o ne a gololwa le ngwana wa gagwe ka Phatwe ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>Daramola, Kunle (13 August 2022). [https://www.thecable.ng/army-rescues-another-chibok-schoolgirl-with-child/ "Army rescues another Chibok schoolgirl — with child"]. ''The Cable''. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Ba le bararo ba ne ba gololwa ka Lwetse ngwaga wa 2022 go tswa kwa mafelong a a farologaneng,<ref>Odeniyi, Solomon (9 September 2022). [https://punchng.com/troops-rescue-three-chibok-girls-arrest-terrorists-informant/ "Troops rescue three Chibok girls, arrest terrorists' informant".] ''The Punch''. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> fa Yana Pogu a ne a falodisiwa le bana ba le bane mo kgweding eo go tswa kwa B ama mme Rejoice Sanki ene a falodisistwe kwa Karuwi ka Phalane ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>Daramola, Kunle (22 October 2022). [https://punchng.com/army-rescues-two-more-chibok-girls-in-borno/ "Army rescues two more Chibok girls in Borno"]. ''The Punch''. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2023 === Basetsana ba sekolo sa Chibok ba le babedi ba ne ba falodisiwa ka Moranang ngwaga wa 2023 ga mmogo le losea, bobedi bo ne bo nyetswe gararo fa e sale ba tsewa ka dikgoka.<ref>Umar, Haruna (5 May 2023). [https://apnews.com/article/boko-haram-chibok-nigeria-extremism-iswap-borno-kidnap-1dd99c17360b54afd8a9fa5ef14fab6f "Kidnapped Nigerian girls freed, return to Chibok with babies"]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> O mongwe o o bidiwang Saratu Dauda o ne a falodisiwa kgwedi e e latelang.<ref>Uthman, Samad (15 May 2023). [https://www.thecable.ng/army-rescues-another-chibok-girl-married-to-boko-haram-bomb-expert/ "Army rescues another Chibok girl 'married to Boko Haram bomb expert'"]. ''The Cable''. Retrieved 16 June 2025</ref> Mosadi a bidiwa Rebecca Kabu o ne a falodisiwa kwa Cameroon ka Phukwi 2023,<ref>Daramola, Kunle (12 August 2023). [https://www.thecable.ng/another-chibok-girl-rescued-in-cameroon-nine-years-after-abduction/ "Another Chibok girl rescued in Cameroon — nine years after abduction"]. ''The Cable''. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> fa mosetsana a bidiwa Mary Nkeki a falodisitswe kwa Dikwa kwa kgaolong ya Borno ka Phatwe ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>Uthman, Samad (21 August 2023). [https://www.thecable.ng/troops-rescue-another-chibok-schoolgirl-in-borno-nearly-a-decade-after-abduction/ "Kidnapped Nigerian girls freed, return to Chibok with babies"]. ''The Cable''. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa 2024 === Ka Moranang a le malatsi a mane, maloko a setšhaba sa Chibok a ne a phuthega go lebelela setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego sa ''Statues Also Breathe'' le go gakologelwa basadi ba ba santseng ba sa bonwe.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/nigeria-chibok-schoolgirls-kidnapping-boko-haram-feff4eebe4aedc74ce64612b01073b8e "A film in Nigeria remembers the Chibok girls abducted 10 years ago, and unites heartbroken families"]. ''AP News''. 5 April 2024. Retrieved 16 jUNE 2025.</ref> == Ka fa batho ba tsibogileng ka teng == Morago ga go tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana, molaodi Kashim Shettima o ne a batla go etela Chibok, le ntswa a ne a gakololwa ka bodiphatsa jwa teng. Mokwaledimogolo wa lekgotla la United Nations Ban Ki-moon le lekgotla la UNICEF o ne a kgala go tsewa ka dikgoka,<ref>[https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=47593 "UN calls for immediate release of abducted school girls in north-eastern Nigeria"] (Press release). UN News Centre. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140424083958/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=47593 Archived] from the original on 24 April 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> jaaka moeteledi pele wa sesole wa pele Muhammadu Buhari.<ref>Aziken, Emmanuel (8 May 2014). [https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/buhari-boko-haram-youre-bigots-masquerading-muslims/ "Buhari to Boko Haram: You're bigots masquerading as Muslims"]. ''Vanguard News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140509023342/http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/buhari-boko-haram-youre-bigots-masquerading-muslims/ Archived] from the original on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Khansele ya tshireletso ya united Nations le yone e ne ya kgala tlhaselo e ya bo ya tlhagisa ka dikgato tse di kgatlhanong le masole a Boko Haram go bo ba tsere basetsana ka dkgoka.<ref>"[https://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/unsc-warns-action-against-boko-haram-militants-in-nigeria/ UNSC warns action against Boko Haram Militants in Nigeria]". ''IANS''. news.biharprabha.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512040343/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/unsc-warns-action-against-boko-haram-militants-in-nigeria/ Archived] from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2025.</ref> Tautona wa lekgotla la Muslim la baithuti la kwa Nigeria o ne a bitsa batho ba tumelo ya muslim go itima dijo le go rapela gore ba batle go tsereganya ga ga Allah ka nako e e masisi eo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140507035640/http://www.onislam.net/english/news/africa/472189-nigeria-muslims-fast-for-abducted-girls.html Nigeria Muslims Fast for Abducted Girls]". On Islam. 6 May 2014. Archived from [http://www.onislam.net/english/news/africa/472189-nigeria-muslims-fast-for-abducted-girls.html the original] on 7 May 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2025.</ref> Sa'ad Abubakar wa boraro, moeteledipele wa kwa Sokoto le ene o ne a kopa dithapelo a bo a gagamatsa maiteko a go falotsa baithuti.<ref>"[https://www.onislam.net/lander US Muslims Slam 'Un-Islamic' Boko Haram]". On Islam. 6 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140507033506/http://www.onislam.net/english/news/americas/472177-us-muslims-slam-un-islamic-boko-haram.html Archived] from the original on 7 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e ferabongwe, molaodi Kashim Shetima wa kgaolo ya Borno o ne a kopa BaKeresete le batho ba tumelo ya Muslim go kopanela thapelo le go itima dijo malatsi a le mararo.<ref>"[https://thenationonlineng.net/gov-shettima-declares-3-day-fasting-abducted-girls/ Gov. Shettima declares 3-day fasting for abducted girls]". ''[[:en:The_Nation_(Nigeria)|The Nation]]''. Lagos. 9 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140510194708/http://thenationonlineng.net/new/gov-shettima-declares-3-day-fasting-abducted-girls/ Archived] from the original on 10 May 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2014.</ref> Ka lone letsatsi leo batho ba tumelo ya Muslim ba kwa Cameroon ba ne ba laelwa gore ba se ka ba nyala ope wa basetsana bao fa ba ka ba neelwa gore ba ba nyale.<ref>"[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/cameroon-denies-harbouring-chibok-schoolgirls/ Cameroon denies harbouring Chibok schoolgirls]". ''[[:en:Vanguard_(Nigeria)|Vanguard News]]''. 9 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140509081208/http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/05/cameroon-denies-harbouring-chibok-schoolgirls/ Archived] from the original on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Ka lone letsatsi leo moeteledipele wa kwa Saudi Arabia Sheikh Abdulaziz Al al-Sheikh o ne a ikopanya le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba tumelo ya Muslim go kgala o tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana ba, a supa fa Boko Haram e ikaeletse go senya leina la Islam. O ne a supa fa tumelo ya Islam e le kgatlhanong le go saya batho ka dikgoka, le gore go nyala batho ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka ga go letlelelwe.<ref>"[https://theworld.org/dispatch/news/thomson-reuters/140510/saudi-arabias-top-cleric-says-nigerias-boko-haram-smears-islam Saudi Arabia's top cleric says Nigeria's Boko Haram smears Islam]"[[:en:GlobalPost|. ''GlobalPost''.]] Reuters. 10 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140511201606/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/thomson-reuters/140510/saudi-arabias-top-cleric-says-nigerias-boko-haram-smears-islam Archived] from the original on 11 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Ka letsatsi la makgolo a marataro basetsana ba kwa Chibok ba sena go tsewa ka dikgoka, setlhopha sa baitseanape ba kwa Nigeria kwa United Kingdom, ba ne ba bitsa bokopano jwa tshireletso ka fa tlase ga ketelelopele ya ga tautona Muhammadu Buhari go tlhoma lekgotla le le faphegileng le le itebagantseng le go batala basetsana.<ref>"[https://allafrica.com/stories/201601270043.html Nigeria: Group Wants Special Taskforce On Boko Haram]". ''allAfrica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160202091852/http://allafrica.com/stories/201601270043.html Archived] from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === Go tsiboga ga lefatshe ka bophara === '''Dipuso''' [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Canada (1964).svg|left|30x30px]] '''Canada:''' Tonakgolo wa lefatshe la Canada Stephen Harper o ne amogela gore batho ba Canada ba kopane le ba mafatshe a mangwe go iteka go falotsa basetsana. Dintlha ka botlalo gore seabe sa bone le sebaka sa teng ke eng, di beilwe sephiri.<ref>"[https://globalnews.ca/news/1330088/canada-joins-effort-to-free-300-nigerian-schoolgirls/ Canada Joins Effort to Free 300 Nigerian Schoolgirls]". Global News. 14 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140516033947/http://globalnews.ca/news/1330088/canada-joins-effort-to-free-300-nigerian-schoolgirls/ Archived] from the original on 16 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|30x30px]] '''China''': lefatshe la [[China]] le ne la itsise ka maikaelelo a lone a go phatlalatsa dintlha tsotlhe tsa botlhokwa tse di kapilweng ke maranyane a bone a satellite le ditirelo tsa lone tsa matlhale.<ref name=":12">Mark, Monica; Jones, Sam (8 May 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/08/nigerian-president-kidnapping-beginning-end-terror "Nigerian president: kidnapping will mark beginning of the end of terror"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140508203901/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/08/nigerian-president-kidnapping-beginning-end-terror Archived] from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|30x30px]] '''France:''' Lefatshe la France le ne la fa setlhopha sa baitseanape.<ref name=":12" /> Tautona wa France Francois Hollande o ne a batla le go dira bokopano kwa Paris le lefatshe la Nigeria le mafatshe a a bapileng lelone go baakanya seemo se.<ref>[https://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/nigerian-governor-says-he-sighted-200-abducted-girls/ "Nigerian governor says he sighted 200 abducted girls"]. ''IANS''. news.biharprabha.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512230111/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/nigerian-governor-says-he-sighted-200-abducted-girls/ Archived] from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|30x30px]] '''Israel:''' Tonakgolo wa lefatshe la Israel Benjamin Netanyahu o ne a itlama go thusa tautona wa Nigeria mo go batleng basetsana ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le motso ngwaga wa 2014. O ne a re "lefatshe la Israel le tshositswe ke go tlola molao mo go dirilweng kgatlhanong le basetsana. Re ikaelela go thusa go batla basetsana le go lwantsha dipharagobe tse lo leng mo go tsone".<ref>Keinon, Herb (11 May 2014). [https://www.jpost.com/international/israel-offers-to-help-nigeria-find-abducted-girls-351924 "Israel offers to help Nigeria find abducted girls"]. ''[[:en:The_Jerusalem_Post|The Jerusalem Post]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140521032536/http://www.jpost.com/International/Israel-offers-to-help-Nigeria-find-abducted-girls-351924 Archived] from the original on 21 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Go ya ka tona wa kwa Israel o o sa bolelwang leina, tonakgolo morago o ne a romela setlhopha sa bo ramatlhale kwa Nigeria. Setlhopha se se ne se na le batho ba ba nang le kitso ya go bereka le go tsewa ka dikgoka ga batho, mme o ne a re ga se masole, ba koo go fa dikgakololo.<ref>"[https://www.strategypage.com/%5Chtmw%5Chtecm%5Carticles%5C20140518.aspx Electronic Weapons: A King Air Listens For The Lost Girls]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20160828223643/https://www.strategypage.com/%5Chtmw%5Chtecm%5Carticles%5C20140518.aspx Archived] 28 August 2016 at the [https://web.archive.org/web/20160828223643/https://www.strategypage.com/%5Chtmw%5Chtecm%5Carticles%5C20140518.aspx Wayback Machine], ''Strategypage'', 17 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|30x30px]] '''United Kingdom''': lefatshe la [[United Kingdom]] le ne la dumalana go romela baitseanape kwa Nigeria go thusa go batla basetsana. Baitseanape ba kwa Britain ba ne ba tla tswa mo maphateng a a farologaneng a puso a akaretsa ofisi ya mafatshe, lephata la ditlhabololo le lephata la tshireletso, ba tla itebaganya le go rulaganya, go kopanya le go gakolola babusi ba mo gae.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/kidnapped-schoolgirls-british-experts-nigeria-boko-haram "Kidnapped schoolgirls: British experts to fly to Nigeria 'as soon as possible']". ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:PA_Media|PA Media]]. 7 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032736/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/kidnapped-schoolgirls-british-experts-nigeria-boko-haram Archived] from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Sefofane sa Sentinel R1 sa Royal Air Force se ne sa romelwa kwa Ghana go thusa ka patlo e.<ref>"[https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-deploys-raf-sentinel-to-help-search-for-missing-schoolgirls UK deploys RAF Sentinel to help search for missing schoolgirls]". UK Government. 18 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140811085400/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-deploys-raf-sentinel-to-help-search-for-missing-schoolgirls Archived] from the original on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States.svg|30x30px]] '''United States:''' lefatshe la United States le ne la romela baitseanape kwa Nigeria go thusa ka go batala basetsana. Setlhopha sa America se ne se na le masole, le ba ba bayang molao, ba ba itebagantseng le tsa botlhale, dipatlisiso, go buisana le ditsuolodi, ba ba abelanang dipuisano le ba ba thusang batswasetlhabelo. lefatshe la US le ne le sa ikaelela go romela masole a a tshotseng dibetsa.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/kidnapped-schoolgirls-british-experts-nigeria-boko-haram "Kidnapped schoolgirls: British experts to fly to Nigeria 'as soon as possible'".] ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:PA_Media|PA Media.]] 7 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032736/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/07/kidnapped-schoolgirls-british-experts-nigeria-boko-haram Archived] from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Mothusa tautona wa pele Atiku Abubakar le Dr. Babangida Aliyu modulasetilo wa lekgotla la balaodi kwa bokone, ba ne ba amogela thuso ya lefatshe la America ya sesole.<ref>Fabiyi, Olusola (9 May 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140510194622/http://www.punchng.com/news/atiku-backs-usa-others-intervention-on-abducted-girls/ "Atiku backs US, UK intervention on abducted girls"]. ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Archived from [https://punchng.com/news/atiku-backs-usa-others-intervention-on-abducted-girls/ the original] on 10 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref><ref>Aborisade, Sunday (9 May 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140509132407/http://www.punchng.com/news/northern-govs-serap-hail-foreign-intervention/ "Northern govs, SERAP hail foreign intervention"]. ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Archived from [https://punchng.com/news/northern-govs-serap-hail-foreign-intervention/ the original] on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le bobedi, masole a le lesome le borataro a tswa kwa US a ne a tsena mo patlong le go falotsa basetsana.<ref>"[https://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/us-military-personnel-join-search-for-abducted-nigerian-girls/ US Military Personnel join search for Abducted Nigerian girls"]. ''IANS''. news.biharprabha.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140513192625/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/us-military-personnel-join-search-for-abducted-nigerian-girls/ Archived] from the original on 13 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le masome mabedi le bobedi, lephata la tshireletso le ne la itsise fa le romela kolotsana ya lonaka e e sa kgweediweng ke motho, le ba tho ba ba dirisang maranyane a mo phefong ba le masome a ferabobedi kwa Chad. Lefatshe la Chad le ne le tlhophetswe go nna kwa boremelelong jwa matlhale le difofane ka ntlha ya kgonagalo ya go fitlha kwa bokone jwa Nigeria.<ref>Pellerin, Cheryl (22 May 2014). [https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/485009/dod-sends-uav-80-airmen-to-help-nigerian-search/ "DOD sends UAV, 80 Airmen to help Nigerian search"]. U.S. Air Force. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140524031346/http://www.af.mil/News/ArticleDisplay/tabid/223/Article/485009/dod-sends-uav-80-airmen-to-help-nigerian-search.aspx?source=GovD Archived] from the original on 24 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === Makgotla === [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Europe.svg|left|30x30px]] Lekgotla la European Union le ne la fetisa molao ka kgwedi ya phukwi e le lesome le bosupa, le kopa go gololwa ga basetsana ka bofefo ebile go sena dipotso dipe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20231103032059/http://www.africa-news.eu/immigration-news/italy/6189-european-parliament-calls-for-immediate-and-unconditional-release-of-chibok-girls.html European Parliament calls for immediate and unconditional release of Chibok girls"]. ''News Africa''. 17 July 2014. Archived from [http://www.africa-news.eu/immigration-news/italy/6189-european-parliament-calls-for-immediate-and-unconditional-release-of-chibok-girls.html the original] on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === Go kgalwa ga dipego tsa dikgang === Mokwadi wa dikgang wa BBC, ebong Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani o ne a re go stewa ka dikgoka ga go amane le ka fa metswedi ya dikgang e supang tiragalo e ka teng ba re "tlhaselo mo thutong ya basetsana", mme ka tshwanelo ba tshwanetse gore "go thukhutha mo go sa tsamayang sentle". O ne a supa go tsiboga ga metswedi ya dikgang e le go ikaelela go dira ditlhaselo tsa Boko Haram ka go tlhasela thuto ya basetsana ga dithukuthi, metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang e ne ya tlhokomologa sepe se se neng se sa dire jaana.<ref name=":9">"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55572897 Viewpoint: Global media's Nigeria abductions coverage 'wrong]'". ''BBC News''. 13 January 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Batswasetlhabelo ba go tsewa ka dikgoka ba ne ba supa fa maikaelelo a dithukuthi e ne e le go utsa le go senya. Ba ne ba sa itse se ba ka se dirang ka basetsana morago ga go tsaya sengwe le sengwe mo ntlong ya mabeelo, ba bo ba simolola go nganga. Go ya ka Nwaubani, metswedi ya dikgang ga ya ela se tlhoko.<ref name=":9" /> Go nnile le ditlhaselo tsa pele tsa Boko Haram tse di enng di sa tsibogelwe ke metswedi ya dikgang. Sekai ke sa tlhaselo ya pele ga ya Chibok, kwa basetsana ba baithuti ba neng ba letlelelwa go iphalotsa mme ba basimane bba le masome mane ba ne ba bolawa kwa sekolong.<ref name=":9" /> Lekgotla la Boko Haram e nnile lone lekgotla la ditsuolodi la ntlha mo ditsong go dirisa bomme ba bantsi go apara dibomo tsa go ipolaya go na le banna. Mokwadi o mongwe Hilary Matfess, wa pego ya ngwaga wa 2017 ya go emisa borukutlhi e e neng e bega palo e, o ne a re go tsiboga ga go tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana mo lefatsheng ka bophara, go ruta dithukuthi gore mebele ya makgarejwana e na le mosola e seng go dirisiwa go ipolaya fela.<ref name=":9" /> == Letsholo le megwanto ya #BringBackOurGirls == [[Setshwantsho:Michelle-obama-bringbackourgirls.jpg|thumb|Mohumagadi wa ga tautona wa pele wa leaftshe la United States Michelle Obama, a tsholeditse mokwalo o o kwadilweng hashtag ya #BringBackOurGirls, senepe se o ne a se anamisa mo maranyaneng a Twitter go thusa go anamisa molaetsa ka go stewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana.<ref>Ries, Brian (6 May 2014). "[https://mashable.com/archive/nigeria-girls-bringbackourgirls Bring Back Our Girls: Why the World Is Finally Talking About Nigeria's Kidnapped Students]". [[:en:Mashable|Mashable]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140506225123/http://mashable.com/2014/05/06/nigeria-girls-bringbackourgirls/ Archived] from the original on 6 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref><ref>Litoff, Alyssa (6 May 2014). "[https://abcnews.go.com/International/bring-back-girls-rallying-cry-kidnapped-nigerian-schoolgirls/story?id=23611012 Home International 'Bring Back Our Girls' Becomes Rallying Cry for Kidnapped Nigerian Schoolgirls]". ''[[:en:ABC_News_(United_States)|ABC News]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140506212034/http://abcnews.go.com/International/bring-back-girls-rallying-cry-kidnapped-nigerian-schoolgirls/story?id=23611012 Archived] from the original on 6 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref>]] Batsadi le ba bangwe ba ne ba ngongorega mo maranyaneng ka go nna bonya le go sa tsiboge ka fa tshwanelong ga puso. Dikgang tse di ne tsa baka go šhakgala ga batho ba mafatshefatshe kgatlhanong le Boko Haram le puso ya lefatshe la Nigeria. Ka kgwei ya Moranang e le masome a mararo le Motsheganong a rogwa, megwanto e e neng e gwetlha puso go dira go feta jaaka e dira e ne ya tshwarwa mo ditoropong tse difarologaneng tsa lefatshe la Nigeria.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210621185039/https://www.voanews.com/africa/authorities-276-kidnapped-girls-still-missing-nigeria "Authorities – 276 Kidnapped Girls Still Missing in Nigeria]". ''[[:en:Voice_of_America|Voice of America]]''. 2 May 2014. Archived from [https://www.voanews.com/africa/authorities-276-kidnapped-girls-still-missing-nigeria the original] on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, batsadi ba le bantsi ba ne ba tshaba go bua phatlalatsa ba tshaba gore bana ba bone ba tloga ba tsena mo diphatseng. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a mararo le bone, megwanto e ne ya tshwarwa kwa ditopong tse ditona tsa kwa bophirima di akaretsa Los Angeles le London. [[Setshwantsho:BringBackOurGirls truck.jpg|thumb|Teraka kwa Nigeria e rotloetsa hashtag ya #BringBackOurGirls]] Pele, tiriso ya hashtag e ne e tswa mo bathong ba ba ikemetseng ba leka go tsibosa batho ka go tsewa ka dikgoka mo.<ref name=":13">"[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-27298696 #BBCtrending: How a million people called to #BringBackOurGirls]". ''BBC News''. 6 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210419195730/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-27298696 Archived] from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Ibrahim M Abdullahi, mmueledi wa kwa Abuja, toropokgolo ya Nigeria, o ne a simolola #BringBackOurGirls mo pegong ya mo maranyaneng a Twitter ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2014<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":14" /> morago ga go reetsa tona wa pele wa thuto Oby Ezekwesili a bua ka go tsewa ka dikgoka mo kwa tirelong kwa Port Harcourt.<ref name=":14">"[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-27315124 #BBCtrending: The creator of #BringBackOurGirls]". ''BBC News''. 7 May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210309115142/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-27315124 Archived] from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> E ne ya simolola go dirisiwa ke setlhopha sa balweladitshwanelo ba kwa Nigeria ba tsibogela go nna bonya ga puso fa ba gwanta mo tseleng.<ref name=":11" /> Hashtag e ne ya simoloa go dirisiwa leaftshe ka bophara mo maranyaneng a Twitter ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2014 e le mofuta wa bolweladitshwanelo jwa hashtag mme poleleo e e ne ya anama mo lefatsheng ka bophara, ya nna yone hashtag e e dirisitsweng thata mo maranyaneng a Twitter ka nako eo.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /> Ka Motsheganong a le lesome le motso, e ne e dirisitswe didikadike di le pedi le boraro,<ref name=":15">Lamb, Cristina (11 May 2014). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160404004928/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/article1409341.ece Find our girls and save their dreams]". ''[[:en:The_Times|The Times]]''. Archived from [https://www.thetimes.com/?sunday the original] on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref><ref>Collins, Matt (9 May 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/voluntary-sector-network/2014/may/09/bringbackourgirls-power-of-social-media "#BringBackOurGirls: the power of a social media campaign"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161115034018/https://www.theguardian.com/voluntary-sector-network/2014/may/09/bringbackourgirls-power-of-social-media Archived] from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> ka ngwaga wa 2016 e ne e dirisitswe didikadike di le thataro le motso. <ref name=":8" /> Akhaonto ya maranyane a Twitter ya letsholo le e ne ya bulwa, ka setlhopha sa batho ba le masome a mabedi go tsena ka masome a mararo ba na le seabe mo letsholong leo. Oby Ezekwesili le Aisha Yesufu botlhe ba tlhalositswe e le basimolodi ba letsholo le.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-54577611 "Aisha Yesufu: 'End Sars is a fight for the next generation of Nigerians'"]. ''BBC News''. 27 October 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210107080033/https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-54577611 Archived] from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref><ref>Faul, Michelle (23 June 2016). [https://apnews.com/general-news-0659e702897c4aa49e3fa7240f7a61d0 "Family demands news of Chibok girl who escaped Boko Haram"]. [[:en:Associated_Press|''Associated Press''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210603185819/https://apnews.com/article/0659e702897c4aa49e3fa7240f7a61d0 Archived] from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Madi a a kanang ka makgolo a mararo a dikete tsa dolara ya America a ne a solofeditswe mongwe le mongwe o o ka thusang go batla kgotsa go supa kwa basetsana ba le teng ke letsholo le.<ref>Collins, Matt (9 May 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/voluntary-sector-network/2014/may/09/bringbackourgirls-power-of-social-media "#BringBackOurGirls: the power of a social media campaign"]. [[:en:The_Guardian|''The Guardian''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161115034018/https://www.theguardian.com/voluntary-sector-network/2014/may/09/bringbackourgirls-power-of-social-media Archived] from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Letsholo le le tsere karolo mo go rulaganyeng megwanto e le mentsi kgatlhanong le go nna bonya ga puso ya Nigeria mo go tseweng ga batho ka dikgoka. Naomi Mutah le Saratu Angus Ndirpaya, basadi ba babedi ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo boeteleding pele le thulaganyo ya megwanto ba ne ba tshwarwa ke sepodise sa Nigeria ka mohumagadi wa tautona ya Nigeria Patience Jonathan a ne a seka a itumela fa ba ne ba rometswe go ya tsenelela bokopano mo boemong jwa bommago basetsana ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":16">[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/5/5/nigeria-arrests-abduction-protest-leaders Nigeria 'arrests protest leaders'"]. ''Al Jazeera''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210123183541/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/5/5/nigeria-arrests-abduction-protest-leaders Archived] from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Ndirpaya o ne a gololwa moragonyana, mme a supa fa mohumagadi wa ga tautona a ba lebisitse molato wa go bua maaka ka go tsewa ka dikgoka mo, fa ba bangwe kwa bokopanong ba ne ba re bobedi boo ke maloko a Boko Haram.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":16" /> Dikopo di le mmalwa tse di mo maranyaneng di dirilwe go kopa puso ya Nigeria go tsaya kgato kgatlhanong le go tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140506204908/http://www.walkfree.org/nigerian-schoolgirls/ Nigerian schoolgirls"], ''Walk Free'', archived from [https://www.walkfree.org/nigerian-schoolgirls/ the original] on 6 May 2014</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le masome mararo, batho ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba gwanta kwa palamenteng go gwetlha puso le sesole go tsaya kgato.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/30/hundreds-march-nigeria-chibok-schoolgirl-kidnappings-boko-haram "Hundreds march: Nigeria Chibok schoolgirl kidnappings by Boko haram"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [[:en:Agence_France-Presse|Agence France-Presse]]. 30 April 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160723171725/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/30/hundreds-march-nigeria-chibok-schoolgirl-kidnappings-boko-haram Archived] from the original on 23 July 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Megwanto le ditebelelo di ne di tshwerwe mo lefatsheng ka bophara go tshwaya malatsia le lekgolo fa e sale basetsana ba tsewa ka dikgoka. Mafatshe a a tsereng karolo a akaretsa a Nigeria, pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Togo, United Kingdom, United States, Canada le Portugal.<ref>"[http://www.aworldatschool.org/news/entry/100-days-blog-chibok-girls-vigils-around-world 100 days blog: #BringBackOurGirls vigils held around the world]". A World At School. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140724105951/http://www.aworldatschool.org/news/entry/100-days-blog-chibok-girls-vigils-around-world Archived] from the original on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Dipopelelo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi di ne di tshwarwa ke lekgotla la Bring Back Our Girls kwa Abuja go fitlhelela Firikgog a le malatsi a matlhano ka ngwaga wa 2015, le ntswa sepoddi se ne se leka go emisa megwanto e. Go tshwaya sebaka sa ngwaga fa e sale Boko Haram e tsaya basetsana ka dikgoka, bagwanti ba le lekgolo ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 2015, ba ipeile ditheipi tse di khibidu mo molomong ba ne ba tsamaya ba didimetse kwa toropokgolo Abuja.<ref>[https://news.biharprabha.com/2015/04/200-school-girls-still-untraceable-after-1-year-of-kidnapping-by-boko-haram/ "200 School Girls still untraceable after 1 Year of Kidnapping by Boko Haram"]. news.biharprabha.com. 14 April 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150712065239/http://news.biharprabha.com/2015/04/200-school-girls-still-untraceable-after-1-year-of-kidnapping-by-boko-haram/ Archived] from the original on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Ba makgotla a tshireletso ba itsege ka gore ba ne ba tshwara ba ba neng ba gwantaa ba phatlalatsa morafe ka mapodisi a tshwere dibetsa.<ref>Okello Kelo Sam (5 January 2015). [https://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-sam-bring-back-our-girls-20150108-story.html#navtype=outfit "Abducted Nigerian girls still missing, a distracted world must remember"]. [[:en:Los_Angeles_Times|''Los Angeles Times''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150108013107/http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-sam-bring-back-our-girls-20150108-story.html#navtype=outfit Archived] from the original on 8 January 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref><ref>Hassan, Tina A; Ogbu Amarachi Hannah (17 May 2014). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201405191617.html "Nigeria: Unity Fountain – Abuja Landmark Turns Protest Venue".] ''[[:en:Media_Trust|Daily Trust]] – AllAfrica''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150108215206/http://allafrica.com/stories/201405191617.html Archived] from the original on 8 January 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Bring Back Our Girls in Spain.jpg|thumb|Letsholo la maranyane le ne la baka go gwanat mo lefatsheng ka kakaretso le akaretsa le la kwa Spain]] Letsholo le le ne la kgatlha kemo nokeng ya ba ba itsegeng mo setšhabeng ba le mmalwa.<ref name=":17">Curry, Colleen (5 May 2014). [https://abcnews.go.com/International/twitter-campaign-bringbackourgirls-takes-off-support-kidnapped-nigerian/story?id=23594333 "Twitter Campaign #BringBackOurGirls Takes Off"]. ''ABC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210411112405/https://abcnews.go.com/International/twitter-campaign-bringbackourgirls-takes-off-support-kidnapped-nigerian/story?id=23594333 Archived] from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Ba tsaya karolo ba tlhwatlhwa ba akaretsa Malala Yousafzai,<ref name=":13" /> Hillary Clinton,<ref name=":17" /> Chris Brown,<ref name=":17" /> Forest Whitaker<ref name=":13" /> le mohumagadi Michelle Obama, o a neng a tsewa senepe a tsholeditse pampiri e e kwadilweng hastag a letsholo leo, go ema nokeng letsholo ebile a fa lefoko morago ga malatsi a le mmalwa. Beyoncè o ne a na le bontlha mo maranyaneng a gagwe bo bo neng bo tshwaetswe letsholo le.<ref>"[https://www.beyonce.com/bringbackourgirls #BringBackOurGirls]". ''Beyonce''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170324173703/http://www.beyonce.com/bringbackourgirls/ Archived] from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Letsholo le le ne la kgalwa ke bangwe ba America ba akaretsa mokwadi wa motswedi wa dikgang wa Fox George Will, o o supileng gore maikaelelo a lone ga se go nna le seabe sepe mo lefatsheng , modulasetilo wa komiti ya matlhale Mike Rogers are ntlo ya botautona ya kwa America ga e ka ke ya baya molao wa yone mo go se se anameng le maranyane a Twitter.<ref>Richinick, Michele (12 May 2014). "[https://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe/conservatives-mock-bringbackourgirls-msna326596 Conservatives mock 'Bring Back Our Girls' hashtag]". ''[[:en:MSNBC|MSNBC]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201204090440/https://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe/conservatives-mock-bringbackourgirls-msna326596 Archived] from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, hastag e go bolelwa fa e nnile le seabe mo polotiking ya kwa Nigeria, ka Oby Ezekwesili, molweladitshwanelo wa #BringBackOurGirls, a emela botautona ka ditlhopho tsa lefatshe la Nigeria tsa ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>Olukoya, Sam (10 October 2018). [https://apnews.com/general-news-9ce6a56753db4309b9a5d52384f74e2a "#BringBackOurGirls activist runs for Nigeria's presidency"]. ''Associated Press''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210420170622/https://apnews.com/article/9ce6a56753db4309b9a5d52384f74e2a Archived] from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Tautona Goodluck Jonathan o ne a kgalelwa go dirisa hashtag ya #bringbackgoodluck2015, e e leng go tlaopa #BringBackOurGirls, ka nako ya fa a bolotsa letsholo la go tlhophiwa gape ka 2015.<ref>Shearlaw, Maeve (14 April 2015). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/14/nigeria-bringbackourgirls-campaign-one-year-on "Did the #bringbackourgirls campaign make a difference in Nigeria?".] ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201108124227/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/14/nigeria-bringbackourgirls-campaign-one-year-on Archived] from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref><ref>Tharoor, Ishaan (8 September 2014). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/09/08/this-may-be-the-most-inappropriate-political-hashtag-of-the-year/ "This may be the most inappropriate political hashtag of the year"]. ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. ISSN 0190-8286[https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084025/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/05/18/what-happened-after-interest-faded-in-the-bringbackourgirls-campaign/ . Archived] from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Tautona o mosha Muhammadu Buhari o a neng a fenya Goodluck Jonathan morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2015 morago ga go solofetsa go lwantsha Boko Haram, a re ba ka sa re ba fentse Boko Haram fa ba sa falotsa basetsana ba kwa Chibok. Dibeke tse pedi morago ga tautona Buhari a ikanisiwa, ene le mosadi wa gagwe Aisha Muhamadu Buhari le mosadi wa mothusa tautona Mrs. Dolapo Osinbajo ba ne ba kopana le batsadi ba basetsana ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka. Abubakar Shekau o ne a tlaopa maiteko a letsholo mo setshwantshong sa motshikhinyego se se ntshitsweng ke Boko Haram. Letsholo le le supiwa fa le na le seabe mo go fetoleng methale ga Boko Haram, a bo la amanngwa le go oketsega ga kgokgontsho ya bong mo setlhopheng, gore ba oketse go lemogiwa ga bone. Pego e e ntshitsweng ke lekgotla la Human Rights Watch ka Phalane 2014 ka kgokgontsho ya Boko Haram mo basading le basetsana ba Nigeria e supa fa bomotlhofo jo Boko Haram e tsereng basetsana ba Chibok ka bone, go ba thatafaditse go tsaya batho ka dikgoka mo mafelong a mangwe. Go begilwe fa go nna thata mo dikgannyeng ga basetsana ba Chibok go dirile gore go nne thata go ba golola.<ref name=":15" /> == Go tsaya batho ka dikgoka ga morago == Fa gare ga dingwaga tsa 2014 go tsena ka 2024, bana ba sekolo ba feta sekete le makgolo a mane ba tserwe kwa dikolong tsa kwa Nigeria.<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/after-weeks-in-captivity-some-of-nearly-300-abducted-nigerian-schoolchildren-are-freed "After weeks in captivity some of nearly 300 abducted Nigerian schoolchildren are freed".] ''PBS''. 21 March 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === 2015 === Ka Firikgong ngwaga wa 2015, dikgwedinyana fela morago ga go tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana ba Chibok ka 2014, kwa motseng wa Malari kwa kgaolong ya Borno, basimane le makawana a le masome a mane ba ne ba tsewa ka dikgoka ke Boko Haram.<ref>Abubakar, Aminu; Botelho, Greg (4 January 2015). [https://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/03/africa/nigeria-boko-haram-kidnapping/index.html "Villagers: Boko Haram abducts 40 boys, young men in northeastern Nigeria"]. ''CNN''. No. 4 January 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150104032434/http://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/03/africa/nigeria-boko-haram-kidnapping/index.html Archived] from the original on 4 January 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === 2018 === Ka Tlhakole, ngwaga wa 2015, dingwaga di le nne morago ga tsewa ka dikgoka ga basetsana ba kwa Chibok, kwa toropong e e gautshwane ya Dapchi, basetsana ba bangwe ba le lekgolo le lesome ba ne ba stewa ke Boko Harama ka dikgoka, puso e sa tsenye letsogo ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa 2018.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250621043748/https://time.com/5175464/boko-haram-kidnap-dapchi-schoolgirls/ Boko Haram Has Kidnapped Dozens of Schoolgirls, Again. Here's What to Know Time]. By Tara John. 26 February 2018. Downloaded 17 June 2025.</ref> Pego ya lekgotla la UNICEF e e ntsitsweng ka Moranang ngwaga wa 2018, e ene e supa fa sekete sa bana ba tserwe ke Boko Haram fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>[https://www.unicef.org/wca/press-releases/more-1000-children-northeastern-nigeria-abducted-boko-haram-2013 "More than 1,000 children in northeastern Nigeria abducted by Boko Haram since 2013".] ''[[:en:UNICEF|UNICEF]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180421173230/https://www.unicef.org/wca/press-releases/more-1000-children-northeastern-nigeria-abducted-boko-haram-2013 Archived] from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Morule ngwaga wa 2020, basimane ba feta makgolo a matlhano ba ne ba tsewa ka dikgoka ke setlhopha sa banna ba ithibile matlho kwa sekolong se segolwane kwa Kankara, toropo e e kwa bokone bophirima jwa Katsina kwa Nigeria. Morago, Boko Haram e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a go tsewa ka dikgoka moo.<ref>"[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/13/parents-pray-for-hundreds-of-students-kidnapped-in-nigeria Over 300 schoolboys still missing after Nigeria school attack"]. [[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|''Al Jazeera''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201219061042/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/13/parents-pray-for-hundreds-of-students-kidnapped-in-nigeria Archived] from the original on 19 December 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> Malatsi a supa morago ga tiragalo eo, basimane ba le makgolo a mararo, masome a mane le bone ba setlhopha seo ba ne ba gololwa ka ntlha ya dipuisano tse di atlegileng tsa puso ya Nigeria.<ref>Akinwotu, Emmanuel (17 December 2020). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/17/group-of-300-kidnapped-nigerian-schoolboys-handed-to-government "Group of 344 kidnapped Nigerian schoolboys handed to government".] ''The Guardian''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210712043105/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/17/group-of-300-kidnapped-nigerian-schoolboys-handed-to-government Archived] from the original on 12 July 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === 2021 === Ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa 2021, go tsewa ka dikgoka ga batho ba le bantsi go diragetse ga raro kwa dikolong tsa kwa Nigeria. Mo tiragalong ya ntlha, banna ba tshotse ditlhobolo ba ne ba tsaya batho ba ka nna masome a mane, ba akaretsa bana ba sekolo ba le masome a mabedi le bosupa, go tswa kwa sekolong se se kwa bokone legare la Nigeria.<ref>Maclean, Ruth; Alfa, Ismail (17 February 2021). [https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/17/world/africa/nigeria-school-attack.html "Gunmen in Nigeria Attack School, Abducting Dozens and Killing a Student"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210226190252/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/17/world/africa/nigeria-school-attack.html Archived] from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref><ref name=":18">Paquette, Danielle; Garba, Ibrahim (26 February 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/nigeria-girls-kidnapped/2021/02/26/14fd3c1a-780a-11eb-9489-8f7dacd51e75_story.html "Nigeria confronts second mass kidnapping of schoolchildren in nine days after 317 girls vanish"]. ''The Washington Post''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210301023131/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/nigeria-girls-kidnapped/2021/02/26/14fd3c1a-780a-11eb-9489-8f7dacd51e75_story.html Archived] from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025</ref> Mo tiragalong ya bobedi, ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano, banna ba tshwere ditlhobolo ba nhe ba tsaya basetsana ba le makgolo a mararo lesome le bosupa go stwa kwa sekolong sa basetsana sa maranyane kwa Jangebe kwa kgaolong ya Zamfara.<ref name=":18" /> Ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2021, go ne ga nna le tiragalo enngwe kwa Afaka e bana ba sekolo ba le masome a mararo le boferabongwe ba neng ba tsewa kwa sekolong sa ithutelo ditiro kwa Afaka kwa kgaolong ya Kaduna.<ref>Olukoya, Sam (12 March 2021). [https://apnews.com/article/world-news-forestry-nigeria-shootings-1ce1206015d976eb6d14a1bfa5c642a9 "Gunmen abduct 39 students from school in northwest Nigeria".] ''Associated Press''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210312155315/https://apnews.com/article/world-news-forestry-nigeria-shootings-1ce1206015d976eb6d14a1bfa5c642a9 Archived] from the original on 12 March 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref><ref>Busari, Stephanie; Princewill, Nimi; Abrak, Isaac (14 March 2021). [https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/14/africa/kidnapped-kaduna-nigeria-students-video-intl/index.html "New video emerges of abducted college students in Nigeria"]. ''CNN''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210711235321/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/14/africa/kidnapped-kaduna-nigeria-students-video-intl/index.html Archived] from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> === 2024 === Ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa, mmereki a le mongwe le baithuti ba le makgolo a mabedi, masome a ferabobedi le bosupa ba ne ba tsewa ka dikgoka kwa sekolong sa Kuriga kwa bokone bophirima jwa Kaduna; bana ba le lekgolo masome a mararo le bosupa ba ne ba gololwa dibeke tse pedi tse di latelang, mme mmereki ene o ne a tlhokafetse ka nako eo.<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/in-nigeria-parents-finally-able-to-see-children-who-were-abducted-from-school-in-early-march "In Nigeria parents finally able to see children who were abducted from school in early March"]. ''PBS''. 24 March 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> == Mo metsweding ya dikgang == * Buka ya mokwadi wa kwa Ireland Edna O'Brien, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 2019, e fa batho kakanyo ya gore maiphitlhelo a go tsewa ka dikgoka a ka tswa a ntse jang, le gore go iphalotsa go ne go ka nna jang, a kwala se a ipeile mo seemong sa mosetsana wa sekolo.<ref>O'Brien, Edna (2019). ''Girl'' (1st ed.). London: Faber & Faber. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-571-34118-4|978-0-571-34118-]]4</bdi>.</ref> * Prune Nourry, a berekisana le baithti ba le lekgolo le boferabobedi ba sekolo sa itutelo ditiro sa Obafemi Awolowo le malwapa a basetsana ba ba tserweng ka dikgoka, o ne a dira dfikantswe tsa ditlhogo tsa basetsana ba le lekgolo le boferabobedi ba ba sa bonweng.<ref>"[https://www.africanews.com/2022/12/29/nigerian-girls-abducted-by-boko-haram-honored-in-exhibition/ Nigerian girls abducted by Boko Haram honored in exhibition]". ''AfricaNews''. 29 December 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2025.</ref> == Tse di tsamaelang == * [[Bolweladitshwanelo jwa hashtag|Bolweladitshwanelo jwa Hashtag]] == Metswedi == frsaks2bwjkqgnc0jzgmjkav3nzzkhe Bakwadi ba Bašwa 0 10660 56964 53149 2026-11-02T00:21:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56964 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bakwadi ba Bašwa le Bakwaledi''' Bakwadi ba bašwa ba fetola dibuka le go di anela ka ditsela tse di bontshang bopelokgale le go akanya thata go akaredikwa le dipoko. E re ka ba na le pono e ntšha, ba na le maitemogelo a botshelo, e bile ba kgona go dirisa didirisiwa tsa ileketeroniki ka thelelo, bašwa ba gompieno ga se bakwadi ba isagwe fela ba a gatisa, ba a tshameka e bile ba a rotloetsa.<ref>https://iol.co.za/entertainment/books/2025-01-20-meet-the-trailblazing-young-writers-of-south-africa-on-instagram/</ref> Dipolelo tsa bone di dira gore go nne le dikgang tse di masisi tse di jaaka go tlhaola batho, tshiamiso mo setšhabeng, go fetoga botsogo jwa tlhaloganyo le go tlosa bodutu, gantsi ba dirisa mekgwa e e kopanyang poko, tlhamane, dibuka tsa botshelo jwa gagwe le go nna le seabe mo go tsa loago.<ref>https://witness.co.za/news/2021/08/09/ubuntu-sets-young-writers-on-their-way-20210808/</ref> == Ditsela tsa go Kwala == Diforamo tse di jaaka Wattpad, diblog, ditiragalo tsa mafoko a a buiwang le go gatisa ka bowena go dirile gore basha ba kgone go feta dikgoreletsi tsa setso le go fitlhelela bareetsi ka tlhamalalo. Bakwadi ba ba bašwa ba ke dikai tsa gore [[Aforika Borwa]] e dirisa le go kwala jaaka mokgwa wa go ganetsa le go itlhalosa. Go ka kwallwa dibuka tsa bana kana bagolo kgotsa ka sengwe le sengwe seo setlang mo kakanyong ya mokwadi.<ref>https://risingsunnewspapers.co.za/306748/young-literary-stars-short-story-shines-in-south-african-anthology/</ref> == Tsedi Kwalwang == Kwantle ga bokgoni jwa bone, gantsi bakwadi ba bašwa ba na le bokgoni jo bo dirang gore ba kgatlhe balekane ba bone go ya ka dingwaga tsa bone. Ga ba kwale go ya ka kgopolo fela, mme ba kwala go ya ka boammaaruri jwa bone ka namana.<ref>https://www.goodthingsguy.com/people/meet-south-africas-youngest-published-author-6-year-old-atarah-govender/</ref> Ka go dira jalo, ba gwetlha dikakanyo tse di tlwaelegileng, ba bontsha dilo tse di farologaneng tse di diragalang, e bile ba tlhotlheletsa ba bangwe gore ba bone tsela e ba ikutlwang ka yone.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/south-africas-youngest-authors-20170830</ref> Mo kokomaneng nngwe le nngwe, dibuka di ne di ikaegile ka bopelokgale jwa bakwadi ba basha ba ba neng ba akanya ka lefatshe le lesha. Gompieno, ka didirisiwa le mafelo a a oketsegileng go feta pele, basha ga ba emele go bonwa ba kwala hisitori jaaka ba ka kwala ka bo Karabo Poppy Moletsane, Chaeli Mycroft,Mbuyisa Makhubo and Zulaikha Patel ba dira seno go tlhagisa hisetori ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uneca.org/stories/young-writers-featured-in-collection-of-short-stories-on-sdgs |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616004349/https://www.uneca.org/stories/young-writers-featured-in-collection-of-short-stories-on-sdgs |archive-date=2025-06-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Category: Bakwadi ba Bašwa le Bakwaledi]] [[Category: Bakwadi]] lohhkw8uffmltjjgyr2beh82oy8t8bs Musa Dube 0 11200 56991 43006 2026-11-02T10:47:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56991 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Musa W. Dube''' (yo o tshotsweng Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 1964), yo gape a itsiweng ele '''Musa Wenkosi Dube Shomanah''', ke [[moithutabodumedi wa basadi]] wa [[:en:Feminist_theology|Botswana]] le Moporofesara wa Tesetamente e Ntšha kwa [[Sekolong sa Thutabomodimo sa Candler]], kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Emory]]. O itsege ka tiro ya gagwe ya go [[ithuta ka baebele ya morago ga bokolone]]. == Ka ga gagwe == Dube o ne a ithuta [[Tesetamente e Ntšha]] kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Durham]] ka 1990, pele ga a wetsa PhD ya gagwe kwa Tesetamenteng e Ntšha kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Vanderbilt]] ka 1997, koo a neng a okametswe ka fa tlase ga mokanoki wa baebele wa morago ga bokolone e bong [[Fernando Segovia]].<ref>[https://theo.kuleuven.be/en/lest/lest-xii/key-note-speakers "Political Theology as Discernment: Keynote Speakers"]. ''theo.kuleuven.be''. Retrieved 29 May 2019</ref> E ne e le Moporofesara wa Tesetamente e Ntšha kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithing ya Botswana]].<ref name=":0">[https://www.ub.bw/news/stellenbosch-university-honours-ub-professor "Stellenbosch University honours UB professor".] ''University of Botswana''. Retrieved 29 May 2019.</ref> Dube o ikopantse le legoro la [[Sekolo sa Dikerese sa Thutabomodimo]] ka Letlhafula la 2021 jaaka Moporofesara wa Tesetamente e Ntšha. O kwadile ditiro tsa barutegi tse di fetang makgolo a mabedi le masome a marataro mo tirong ya gagwe yotlhe ya thuto tse di tlhomang mogopolo mo thutabomodimong ya kgololesego ka pono ya leitho la morago ga bokolone.<ref>Hanna, Laurel (1 May 2020)[https://candler.emory.edu/news/releases/2020/05/musa-dube-to-join-faculty-in-new-testament.html . "Musa Dube to Join Faculty in New Testament]". ''Candler School of Theology''</ref> Dube o ikemiseditse go atamela mokwalo wa baebele go tswa mo leitlhong la morago ga bokolone la basadi. Jaaka moreri yo o sa rutegang mo kerekeng ya Methodist, Dube o rera thutabomodimo ya kgololesego e e ganang go pega basadi molato ka ntlha ya bosula mme e neela ditlhaloso tse disha tsa dikwalo. Dube o dumela gore dipono tsa Bophirima ka ga dikwalo tsa baebele ke tsa botlhogoethata tse di ganang boammaaruri jwa efangele. Ka 2011, Dube e ne e le moamogedi wa [[Sekgele sa Humboldt]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190825120646/http://blogs.exeter.ac.uk/theologyandreligionresearch/tag/musa-dube/ "Musa Dube".] ''Theology and Religion in Exeter''. 18 July 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2019</ref> Ka 2017 e ne e le mofenyi wa Sekgele sa boditšhabatšhaba sa go Ruta Gutenberg.<ref>Dube, Musa[https://candler.emory.edu/faculty/profiles/dube-musa.html . "Candler School of Theology".] ''Emory University: Candler School of Theology''. Retrieved 12 February 2022</ref> Ka 2018, o ne a abelwa maemo a [[Doctorate ya Thutabomodimo|Doctorate ya Ditumelo]] ya ''[[honoris causa]]'' kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Stellenbosch]], Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0" /> == Patlisiso == Maitemogelo a botshelo a ga Dube a ne a dira gore a nne le kgatlhego ya gagwe ya thuto mo ditlhalosong tsa morago ga bokolone tsa basadi tsa dikwalo tsa tumelo. Mo dikarolong tsa Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara, Bokeresete bo itsege jaaka bodumedi jo bo sa tshepegeng jo bo tsisitsweng ke bakolone le se se bakileng go tlhoka tshiamiso go le gontsi mo baaging ba mmala. Dube o tsenya Baebele gape mo leitlhong la morago ga bokolone e e rarabololang kgang ya bokolone ntle le go latola Baebele.<ref>Dube, Musa (200). ''Postcolonial Feminist Interpretation of the Bible''. St. Louis, Missouri: Chalice Press. pp. 3–5.</ref> O amogela kganetsano ya banna le basadi ba Aforika fa go tla mo go amaneng le bodumedi, dipolotiki le maitsholo a a siameng. == Dibuka tsa gagwe == * Dube, Musa W.; Wafula, R. S., eds. (2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=FPctDwAAQBAJ Postcoloniality, Translation, and the Bible in Africa.] Wipf and Stock Publishers. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9781498295147|9781498295147]]. * Dube, Musa W.; Mbuvi, Andrew M.; Mbuwayesango, Dora R., eds. (2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=x84SmwEACAAJ Postcolonial Perspectives in African Biblical Interpretations]. Society of Biblical Literature. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9781589837867|9781589837867]]. * Dube, Musa W. (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=bD0XkXtiG1wC Postcolonial Feminist Interpretation of the Bible]. Chalice Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780827230576|9780827230576]]. * Dube, Musa W. (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=1xDZAAAAMAAJ The HIV & AIDS Bible: Selected Essays]. University of Scranton Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9781589661141|9781589661141]]. * Dube, Musa W. (2001). [https://books.google.com/books?id=394lAQAAIAAJ Other ways of reading: African women and the Bible]. Society of Biblical Literature. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9782825413401|9782825413401]]. * West, Gerald O.; Dube, Musa W., eds. (2000). [https://books.google.com/books?id=4DcVuqtoEiIC The Bible in Africa: Transactions, Trajectories, and Trends]. Brill. ISBN 9789004106277 == Metswedi == borx8cuvduvettyq09juabt8eellmvh Andrew Matjila 0 11242 56962 43064 2026-11-01T23:46:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrew Matjila''' (o o tshotsweng ka 1932) e ne e le mopolotiki wa kwa [[Namibia]]. E le leloko la [[Democratic Turnhalle Alliance]] (DTA), Matjila o nnile le seabe ka nako ya [[puso nakwana ya phetogo]] go tswa ka 1985 go tsena 1989<ref>[https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Namibia.htm Namibia] at worldstatesmen.org</ref> kwa a neng a le tona wa thuto.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260116185836/https://nbcnews.na/node/108038 "Following their fathers' footsteps: Diergaardt and Matjila join RP".] Nampa. 2024. Retrieved 08 October 2025</ref> Matjila gape e ne e le leloko la [[palamente ya Namibia]] le [[palamente ya ntlha ya Namibia]] a le mo DTA.<ref>[https://www.parliament.na/constituent-assembly-1989-1990/ "Constituent Assembly: 1989 – 1990"]. [[:en:Parliament_of_Namibia|Parliament of Namibia.]] Retrieved 08 October 2025.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''O ne a tlhatlhama [[Fanuel Kozonguizi]]''' ![[Modulasetilo wa puso ya nakwana ya phetogo kwa Namibia]] Seetebosigo go tsena Lwetse 1989 !O ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Dirk Mudge]] ! |- |O ne a tlhatlhama [[Moses Katjiuongua]] !'''Modulasetilo wa puso ya nakwana ya phetogo kwa Namibia Moranang go tsena Phukwi 1988''' |O ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke Dirk Mudge | |- |O ne a tlhatlhama [[Andreas Shipanga]] !Modulasetilo wa puso ya nakwana ya phetogo kwa Namibia Morule 1988 go tsena Firkgong 1989 |O ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke Harry Booysen | |} == Metswedi == b4v4djebt33usj8c1ux97znvou54n5k Molefe Pheto 0 11627 56990 45140 2026-11-02T10:11:38Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Molefe Pheto|birth_date=1935|birth_place=[[Alexandra, Gauteng|Alexandra Township]], [[Union of South Africa]]|occupation={{unbulleted list| Musician | Teacher | Activist }}|notable works=''And Night Fell: Memoirs of a Political Prisoner in South Africa''|years active=1970-present}} '''Molefe Pheto''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1935) ke seopedi sa maloba sa [[Aforika Borwa]] le morutabana wa mmino yo, jaaka molweladitshwanelo wa [[Mokgatlho wa Boitemogo jwa Batho Bantsho|Mokgatlho wa Boitemogo jwa]] [[Mokgatlho wa Boitemogo jwa Batho Bantsho|Batho Bantsho]], a neng a nna legolegwa la sepolotiki ka ngwaga wa 1975. E ne e le tsala le mmueledi wa [[Tautona wa Aforika Borwa Nelson Mandela]].<ref>[[:en:David_Smith_(journalist)|David Smith]] (31 December 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/dec/31/south-africa-prison-apartheid "Ghosts of South African prison tell what apartheid really meant"]. ''The Guardian''.</ref> == Botshelo jwa bogologolo == Pheto o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1935 kwa [[Motsesetoropong wa Alexandra]], Aforika Borwa, kwa a goletseng teng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180205225654/http://www.clarkesbooks.co.za/assets/catalogues/catalogue123.pdf Clarke's Bookshop], 2014 Catalogue 123, p. 33</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/molefe-pheto Molefe Pheto",] South African History Online, 20 January 2017.</ref> == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Pheto e ne e le motsayakarolo yo o matlhagatlhaga mo Mokgatlhong wa Boitemogo jwa Bantsho go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1970. Ka ngwaga wa 1971, o ne a tlhoma setlhopha sa Boitemogo jwa batho Bantsho sa Mhloti, a dira le ba bangwe jaaka [[Wally Serote]], a tlhagisa mmino, poko, le ditiragalo tsa bobogelo le go diragatsa dipuo ke balwela-dipolotiki le dikolo, dikereke<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=LGULq6uEJ6IC&dq=%22molefe+pheto%22+mhloti+black+theatre&pg=PA73 John Peffer, ''Art and the End of Apartheid, Volume 2''], University of Minnesota Press, 2009, p. 73.</ref>. Pheto o ne a rulaganyetsa MDALI (Setheo sa Mmino, Terama, Botsweretshi le Dikwalo kwa [[Soweto]]) meletlo e meraro ya Botsweretshi jwa Bantsho, e a neng a le leloko la mothei le mmueledi wa yone, mme ka ngwaga wa 1975 o ne a tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Borukhutlhi wa Aforika Borwa wa ngwaga wa 1963 dikgwedi di le lesome.<ref>Peter O. Stummer and Christopher Balme (eds), [https://books.google.com/books?id=cS65Hw0rY1MC&dq=%22molefe+pheto%22+%22and+night+fell%22&pg=PA186 ''Fusion of Cultures?'',] Cross/Cultures 26, ASNEL Papers 2, Rodopi, 1996, p. 186.</ref>O ne a tshwaretswe kwa ntlokgolong ya mapodisi kwa [[Johannesburg]], kwa [[John Vorster Square]].<ref>Sue Blaine, "Apartheid revisited, for a better future", ''Business Day Live'', 4 October 2012, [https://web.archive.org/web/20250624033340/https://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/news/apartheid-revisited-better-future via] ''The Atlantic Philanthropies''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1977, Pheto o ne a tswa mo Aforika Borwa mme, morago ga polao ya ga [[Steve Biko]], a simolola botshelo jwa botshabelo kwa Borithane.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170201235452/http://www.historicalpapers.wits.ac.za/inventories/inv_pdfo/A3402/A3402-B83-001-jpeg.pdf Wits Oral History Interviews], 20 April 2011</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1983, [[Allison & Busby]] e e kwa [[London]] e ne ya gatisa buka ya gagwe ya dikgakologelo, And Night Fell: Dikgakologelo tsa Mogolegwa wa Sepolotiki mo Aforika Borwa,<ref>Moji Mokone[http://rac.sagepub.com/content/26/2/103.extract , "Book reviews : And Night Fell: memoirs of a political prisoner in South Africa",] ''[[:en:Race_&_Class|Race & Class]]'', October 1984, vol. 26, no. 2 103–104</ref><ref>William F. Schulz (15 May 2007). ''The Phenomenon of Torture: Readings and Commentary''. University of Pennsylvania Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0812219821|978-0812219821]]</bdi>.</ref> e e neng ya thibelwa mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1">Phumla Mkize, [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sowetan/20140502/281943130891527 "Story of a freedom not yet realised"], ''Sowetan'', 2 May 2014, via ''PressReader''</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le masome a mabedi kwa Borithane, Pheto o ne a boela kwa Aforika Borwa mme a nna mo polaseng kwa [[Magaliesburg]], a gatisa buka ya gagwe ya bobedi, e e bidiwang Poo e e tswang kwa Moruleng: Dipono tsa Legae le Botshabelo, ka 2014.<ref>Jane Rosenthal[http://mg.co.za/article/2014-04-16-exiles-bullish-reconnection-with-his-ancestral-land , "Exile's bullish reconnection with his ancestral land"], ''Mail & Guardian'', 17 April 2014.</ref><ref name=":1" />Ke leloko la [[Mokgatlho wa Batho ba Azania]] (AZAPO).<ref name=":0" /> == Mekwalo == * ''And Night Fell: Memoirs of a Political Prisoner in South Africa'', London: [[:en:Allison_and_Busby|Allison and Busby]], 1983. * ''The Bull from Moruleng: Vistas of Home and Exile'', Ekaam Books, 2014 == Metswedi == oag19kmhjrt03cqreccp2jfuyhl62lb Mary Karooro Okurut 0 11960 56986 54277 2026-11-02T09:03:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56986 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Busingye Karooro Okurut''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ale lesome le bobedi (12) ka ngwga wa 1954  abo a thokafala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ale lesome le bongwe (11) ka ngwaga wa 2025), yo o itsegeng thata ka [[Mary Karooro Okurut]], e ne e le morutabana, mokwadi le mmadipolotiki wa kwa [[Uganda]]. E ne e le Tona ya Kabinete e e neng e rwele maikarabelo a ditiro tsa kakaretso mo Ofising ya Tonakgolo, mo Kabineteng ya Uganda. O ne a tlhophiwa mo maemong ao ka kgwedi ya 6 Seetebosigo ale borataro (6) ka ngwaga wa 2016.<ref>Uganda State House (6 June 2016). "Museveni's new cabinet list At 6 June 2016" (PDF). ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 6 June [https://web.archive.org/web/20200625181934/https://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/3235304/data/1345443/-/3o16hn/-/Museveni%2527s+cabinet.pdf 2016]</ref> Pele ga moo, go tloga ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe a thola bongwe (1) ka ngwaga wa 2015 go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ale orataro (6) ka ngwaga wa 2016, o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Kabinete ya Tshireletsego ya Bosetšhaba. O ne a tlhophiwa mo maemong ao ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe a thola bongwe (1) ka ngwaga wa 2015, a emisetsa Wilson Muruli Mukasa, yo o neng a tlhophiwa go nna Tona ya tsa Bong le tsa Loago.<ref name=":0">Uganda State House (1 March 2015). "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015" (PDF). ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 1 March [https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf 2015]</ref> Magareng ga ngwaga wa 2012 le ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a direla jaaka Tona ya Bong le Merero ya Loago mo Kabineteng ya [[Uganda]]. O ne a tlhophiwa mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa 2012. O ne a tsaya maemo a ga Syda Bumba, yo o neng a tlogela Kabinete. Karooro o ne gape a direla jaaka Leloko la Palamente le le tlhophilweng la Setlhopha sa Basadi sa Kgaolo ya [[Bushenyi]]. <ref>"Parliament of Uganda". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 2 April [https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=415 2021]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2020 National resistance movement NRM party flag bearer elections, Karooro o ne a fenngwa ke Annet Katusiime Mugisha yo o neng a tlhophilwe jaaka leloko la palamente la kgaolo ya Bushenyi mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa 2021 tsa Tautona le palamente ya Uganda.<ref>NELSON MANDELA (4 September 2020). "CONFIRMED! Minister Karooro concedes defeat after being uprooted by Annet Mugisha". ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 2 April [https://pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/09/confirmed-minister-karooro-concedes-defeat-after-being-uprooted-by-annet-mugisha.html 2021]</ref> == Tshimologo le thuto == O tsholetswe kwa [[Bushenyi District]] ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ale boferabobedi (8) ka ngwaga wa 1954. O tsene sekolo kwa Bweranyangi Primary School le kwa Bweranyangi Girls' Senior Secondary School kwa sekolong sa gagwe sa poraemari le sa bogareng, ka tatelano eo. Ka ngwaga wa 1972, fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi (18), o ne a tsena [[Trinity College Nabbingo]] go tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekolo se segolwane. Ka ngwaga wa 1974, o ne a tsena kwa Yunibesithing ya Makerere, a aloga ka ngwaga wa 1977 ka dikirii ya Bachelor of Arts in Literature (BA.Lit). Dingwaga di le tharo morago ga moo, ka ngwaga wa 1981, o ne a aloga ka dikirii ya Master of Arts in Literature (MA.Lit), gape go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya Makerere. Ka ngwaga wa 1982, o ne a oketsa ka Dipoloma ya Thuto (Dip.Ed), go tswa yunibesithing e e tshwanang.<ref>"Mary Karooro Okurut: Woman Representative Bushenyi District". Parliament of Uganda. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 10 April 2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140223024240/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=301&const=Woman+Representative&dist_id=53&distname=Bushenyi]</ref> == Hisitori ya tiro == Mary Karooro Okurut o simolotse go ruta kwa Makerere, kwa Lefapheng la Dikwalo ka 1981, ka bonako fela fa a sena go wetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa master. O ne a tswelela e le Morutisi go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1993. O ne a thapiwa jaaka mokwaledi wa motlatsa moporesidente wa Uganda go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa1996. Magareng ga ngwaga wa 1996 le ngwaga wa 1999 o ne a dira jaaka Mokomišenara, [[Education Service Commission]] mo [[Uganda]] [[Ministry of Education]]. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1999 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2004, o ne a direla jaaka mokwaledi wa moporesidente wa Uganda. Ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking tsa kwa [[Uganda]]. <ref>"Mary Karooro Okurut: Work History 1981 to 2004". Parliament of Uganda. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 10 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20140413131935/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?%20p=f&n=t&details=t&j=301&const=Woman+Representative&dist_id=53&distname=Bushenyi 2014]</ref> O ne a direla jaaka mosadi wa leloko la palamente a emela kgaolo ya Bushenyi mo palamenteng ya bo lesome (10) ya Uganda.<ref>"Hon. Mary Karooro Okurut – Kampala Geopolitics Conference". Retrieved 25 May [https://web.archive.org/web/20251112142748/https://kampalageopolitics.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi 2024]</ref> == Tiro ya go kwala == Pele ga tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki, Okurut o ne a itsege thata ka go tsenya letsogo mo dibukeng tsa Se-Uganda ka bobedi jaaka mokwadi le jaaka mothei wa Mokgatlho wa Bakwadi ba Basadi ba Uganda ([[FEMRITE]])<ref>"History of FEMRITE". Uganda Women Writers' Association. Retrieved 10 August [https://web.archive.org/web/20251122094048/https://ekoty-pensiikz.ru.com/ 2014]</ref>,mokgatlho o o sa leng o amogela tlhokomelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme go fitlha ga jaana o tlhagisitse mofenyi a le mongwe wa Sekgele sa Caine, Arach Monica de Nyeko, yo kgang ya gagwe "Jambula Tree" e neng ya fenya ka ngwaga wa 2007. <ref>"FEMRITE Achievements and Milestones". Uganda Women Writers' Association. Retrieved 10 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20251122094048/https://ekoty-pensiikz.ru.com/ 2014]</ref> Karooro Okurut's literary publications include the novels The Invisible Weevil (1998) [[(ISBN 9789970901029)]] and [[The Official Wife (ISBN 9789970024018)]]. O ne gape a rulaganya A Woman's Voice (1998) [[(ISBN 9789970901036)]], e leng kgobokanyo ya dikanegelokopana tsa bakwadi ba basadi ba kwa Uganda. <ref>"Books Authored or Edited by Mary Karooro Okurut". African Books Collective. Retrieved 10 April [https://africanbookscollective.com/contributor/mary-karooro-okurut/ 2014]</ref>O kwadile The Curse of The Sacred Cow.<ref>"Fountain Publishers: Book - The Curse of The Sacred Cow". ''www.fountainpublishers.co.ug''. Retrieved 27 July [https://www.fountainpublishers.co.ug/book/the-curse-of-the-sacred-cow 2025]</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka ngwaga wa 2004, Mary Karooro Okurut o ne a tsenela dikgaisano mo Bushenyi District Women's Constituency ka thekete ya lekoko la sepolotiki la National Resistance Movement. O ne a fenya mme a emela kgaolo eo mo Palamenteng ya Uganda go fitlha ka 2021 fa a ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa kakaretso. O ne a direla jaaka Tona ya Tshedimosetso le Kaelo ya Bosetšhaba go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2011 go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2013, fa a ne a abelwa tiro ya gagwe ya ga jaana. <ref>"Mary B. Karooro Okurut". Public Relations Association of Uganda (PRAU). Archived from the original on 24 February 2014. Retrieved 10 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20140224120024/http://www.prauganda.com/about-us/prau-patrons/112-mary-b-karooro-okurut.html 2014]</ref> Ka phetolo ya kabinete ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e thola bongwe (1) ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tona ya Tshireletsego. <ref name=":0" />Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2020, Karooro Okurut e ne e le tona ya ditiro tsa kakaretso mo ofising ya tonakgolo.<ref>"Office of the prime minister General duties". ''Office of the prime minister''. Retrieved 4 April [https://opm.go.ug/general-duties/ 2020]</ref> == Botshelo le loso == Karooro Okurut o ne a nyetswe ke Stanislaus Okurut go fitlhela a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Moranang a thola botlhano(5) ka ngwaga wa 2014; <ref>"Minister Karooro Okurut's husband mourned". ''New Vision''. Retrieved 10 March 2022.[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1339430]</ref>mmogo ba ne ba na le bana ba le borobabobedi(8)  , basimane ba le batlhano (5) le basetsana ba le bararo (3). E ne e le wa tumelo ya Boporotesetanta.<ref>Musisi, Frederic (5 April 2014). "Former Transport minister, Stanislaus Okurut Is Dead". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 10 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20190828083506/https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Former-Transport-minister--Stanislaus-Okurut-is-dead/-/688334/2271980/-/hxnhd0z/-/index.html 2014]</ref><ref>Karugaba, Mary (9 April 2014). "MPs Pay Tribute to Stanislaus Okurut". ''New Vision''. Retrieved 10 April 2014.[https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/654362/mps-pay-tribute-to-stanislaus-okurut]</ref> Karooro Okurut o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ele lesome le bongwe (11) ka ngwaga wa 2025, a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bongwe (71).<ref>"Former Minister Mary Karoro Okurut Dies at 71". PML Daily. 11 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.[https://pmldaily.com/news/2025/08/former-minister-and-author-mary-karoro-okurut-dies-at-70.html]</ref><ref>"Former minister Karooro Okurut is dead". ''Monitor''. 11 August 2025. Retrieved 11 August [https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/former-minister-karooro-okurut-is-dead-5151492 2025]</ref> == Metswedi == toburoe5yyad7p9rggpdaz3jxia5pbv Lesliana Pereira 0 12000 56980 45079 2026-11-02T07:28:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lesliana Massoxi Amaro Gomes Pereira''', yo o itsiweng e le '''Lesliana Pereira''', ke modiragatsi wa mo Angola, mofenyi wa kgaisano ya bontle. O ne a tlotlomadiwa e le Mma Angola ka 2007. O ne a ya go emela naga ya gaabo kwa Miss Universe 2008, mme ga a ka a fenya. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Njinga: Queen of Angola jaaka Queen Njinga Mbandi, karolo e e neng ya mo tlisetsa moputso wa motshameki wa televishine kwa 11th Africa Movie Academy Awards. == 2008-2013: Miss Angola == Pereira o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mohumagadi Angola ka 2007[4] mme a emela morafe wa gagwe mo kgaisanong ya Miss Universe 2008.[ 5] Mmogo le mofenyi wa Miss Universe, Leila Lopes, Periera o ne a botsolotswa mo thulaganyong e e tumileng ya thelebishene ya Sepotokisi ya Programa do Jô.[ 6] O ne a tshameka le Erica Chissapa mo filiming ya ga Xuxa Meneghel, Xuxa in the Mystery of Feiurinha. Kgabagare o ne a bona seabe sa Fadona mo filiming, e e neng ya gololwa ka Ferikgong 2010. Filimi e ne e atlegile mo kgwebong, mme e ne ya rekisiwa go feta Avatar mo bekeng ya yone ya ntlha kwa Angola.[ 7] == 2013 - 2015: Njinga: Kgosigadi ya Angola == Seabe sa ga Pereira mo filiming ya hisetori ya 2014, Njinga: Queen of Angola e ne ya dira gore a itsege thata. Filimi e bua ka kgang ya gore Kgosigadi ya Angola e ne ya nna kgatlhanong le beng ba kolone. Filimi eno e ne ya bontshiwa kwa dinageng di le mmalwa go akaretsa le kwa Lontone, kwa UK. Ka nako ya moletlo wa difilimi wa Film Africa, palo ya dithekete tse di neng di kopilwe tsa filimi eo e ne e feta ya ditulo tse di neng di le teng. Batlhophisi ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go fudugela kwa phaposing e kgolwane gore ba kgone go amogela babogedi ba ba neng ba tlile go lebelela filimi eno. 2] Filimi e ne e sa atlege fela mo kgwebong mme gape e ne ya mo tlisetsa dikgele tse di akaretsang tsa go nna motshameki yo o gaisang wa mosadi mo go 11th Africa Movie Academy Awards. 9][10] Se se ne sa dira gore a nne le dipuisano tsa maemo a a kwa godimo le lenaneo le le tumileng la thelebišene la kwa Boritane, Arise News le go etelela pele pego ya Revista Africa ya Globo Internacional. Jaaka karolo ya maikarabelo a gagwe a loago, o ne a buelela mo phatlhalatseng gore go nne le kitso le tshireletso kgatlhanong le HIV/AIDS. 11][12] Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Pereira o ne a tshameka karolo mo thelebisheneng ya Brazil ya I Love Paraisópolis. 13] == Metswedi == [http://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/16531/lesliana-pereira-eleita-miss-angola [1<nowiki>]</nowiki> « Lesliana Pereira eleita Miss Angola »], angonoticias.com, 15.12.2007. [https://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/44849/lesliana-pereira-deslumbra-em-londres [2<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Lesliana Pereira deslumbra em Londres"] [Lesliana Pereira dazzles in London]. angonoticias.com (in Portuguese). 11 December 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201008110455/http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/gente/lesliana_grava_novela_em_nova_iorque?mobile [3<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Lesliana grava novela em Nova Iorque]" [Lesliana records soap opera in New York]. Jornal de Angola (in Portuguese). 25 March 2015. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2020. [http://www.angop.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/lazer-e-cultura/2007/11/50/Leslina-Pereira-Wins-Miss-Angola-2008-Contest,216f2246-0a27-4669-8252-a3ee36610959.html [4<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Leslina Pereira Wins Miss Angola 2008 Contest]". Angola Press News Agency. 15 December 2007. [https://www.angop.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/sociedade/2008/11/50/Charity-gala-collects-USD-500,2065b20e-bda1-49f5-a706-8425ebb75244.html [5<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Charity gala collects USD 33.500]". Angola Press News Agency. 12 December 2008. [http://televisao.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/2011/03/16/jo-soares-recebe-duas-misses-de-angola-em-seu-programa.jhtm [6<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Jô Soares recebe duas misses de Angola em seu programa]" [Jô Soares receives two misses from Angola in his program] (in Portuguese). Universo Online. 16 March 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160528221850/http://www.angolamonitor.co.ao/en/buzz/2069-lesliana-pereira-the-most-beautiful-angolan-tear.html [7<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Lesliana Pereira: The most beautiful Angolan tear]". Angola Monitor. 9 February 2015. Archived from the original on 28 May 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016. [https://sfbayview.com/2015/05/njinga-queen-of-angola-masterpiece-premiering-at-san-francisco-black-film-festival/ [8<nowiki>]</nowiki> "'Njinga, Queen of Angola': Masterpiece premiering at San Francisco Black Film Festival]". San Francisco Bay View. 21 May 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180712092321/http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/gente/as_ferias_de_lesliana_pereira [9<nowiki>]</nowiki> "As férias de Lesliana Pereira]" [Lesliana Pereira's vacation]. Jornal de Angola (in Portuguese). 18 January 2016. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 4 October 2020. [https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/how-sadiq-daba-emerged-africas-best-actor/ [10<nowiki>]</nowiki> "How Sadiq Daba emerged Africa's Best Actor]". Vanguard. 27 September 2015. [https://allafrica.com/stories/200803240278.html [11<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Angola: Miss Angola Advises Soldiers to Adhere to HIV/Aids Testing Centres]". AllAfrica. 22 March 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201019181326/http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/sociedade/moda_e_beleza/lesliana_pereira_e_uma_beldade_e_excepcionalmente_simples_massoxi_como_e_carinhosamente_tratada_familiarmente_frequentou_o_primeiro_e_segundo_niveis_no_colegi [12<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Lesliana Pereira é uma beldade e excepcionalmente simples. Massoxi, como é carinhosamente tratada familiarmente, frequentou o primeiro e segundo níveis no Colégio Angolano, localizado na Praia Morena]" [Lesliana Pereira is a beauty and exceptionally simple. Massoxi, as she is affectionately treated by family, attended the first and second levels at Colégio Angolano, located in Praia Morena]. Jornal de Angolo (in Portuguese). 28 February 2010. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2020. [13] Azevedo, Philippe (9 February 2015). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201019155657/https://portalovertube.com/novelas/novelas-nacionais/atriz-angolana-lesliana-pereira-grava-participacao-na-novela-i-love-paraisopolis/ Atriz angolana Lesliana Pereira grava participação na novela "I Love Paraisópolis"]" [Angolan actress Lesliana Pereira records participation in the soap opera "I Love Paraisópolis"] (in Portuguese). Overtube. 5g9tx6yf3w8p51ug6uvg5oin0ee3oi1 Michelle Zatlyn 0 12046 56987 45753 2026-11-02T09:34:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michelle Zatlyn''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 1979) ke mosadi wa kgwebo wa kwa Canada. Ke mothei-mmogo, Tautona, le motsamaisi-kgolo wa khamphane ya American content delivery network provider le cybersecurity firm Cloudflare. == Botshelo jwa gagwe le thuto == Michelle Zatlyn o tshotswe kakgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 1979 <ref>"Michelle Zatlyn". ''gov.uk''. Companies House. Archived from the original on April 5, 2024. Retrieved April 4, 2024.[https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/officers/_9ehfXRjnafkLVpH9GQhB9fssXo/appointments]</ref>kwa Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada kwa a goletseng teng. <ref name=":0">Hicks, Glenn. "Saskatchewan billionaire, Prince Albert's Michelle Zatlyn, becomes Wall Street tech titan". ''paNOW''. Archived from the original on December 17, 2021. Retrieved 23 September [https://panow.com/2021/02/16/saskatchewan-billionaire-prince-alberts-michelle-zatlyn-becomes-wall-street-tech-titan/ 2021]</ref><ref>"C100's Charter Members have nominated Michelle Zatlyn as C100's 2019 "Icon of Canadian Entrepreneurship"". ''C100''. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023. Retrieved February 13, [https://thec100.org/blog-posts/c100s-charter-members-have-nominated-michelle-zatlyn-as-c100s-2019-icon-of-canadian-entrepreneurship/ 2023]</ref><ref>Love, Jim (18 February 2023). "Cloudflare co-founder and president Michelle Zatlyn". ''www.itworldcanada.com''. Archived from the original on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 25, [https://www.itworldcanada.com/article/cloudflare-co-founder-and-president-michelle-zatlyn-on-canadian-internet-trends/528627 2023]</ref>O ne a tsena kwa Carlton Comprehensive High School koo a kileng a nna mokapotene wa setlhopha sa baseketebolo.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a aloga kwa Yunibesithing ya McGill ka dikirii ya Bachelor of Science mo khemising ka ngwaga wa 2001 mme morago a bona dikirii ya Master of Business Administration kwa Harvard Business School. <ref>Lagorio-Chafkin, Christine (November 6, 2020). "Why the CEO of a $350 million internet security company practices radical transparency". ''Inc''. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.[https://www.inc.com/christine-lagorio/what-i-know-cloudflare-matthew-prince.html]</ref><ref>Murray, Seb (January 20, 2019). "Can MBAs create top entrepreneurs?". ''Financial Times''. Archived from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2022.[https://www.ft.com/content/511b51c6-14f9-11e9-a168-d45595ad076d]</ref>Zatlyn o nyetse mme o na le bana ba le babedi. <ref>Rodriguez, Salvador (August 11, 2016). "How this executive balances being a mom and building a billion-dollar tech company". ''Inc''. Archived from the original on April 9, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.[https://www.inc.com/salvador-rodriguez/how-cloudflare-founder-michelle-zatlyn-balances-her-family-and-her-unicorn.html]</ref>O nna kwa San Francisco.<ref>Martin, Cynthia (February 10, 2019). "Cloudflare co-founder Michelle Zatlyn on why she left med school and fell in love with tech". ''The Globe and Mail''. Archived from the original on July 30, 2019. Retrieved May 1, [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/careers/management/article-cloudflare-co-founder-michelle-zatlyn-on-why-she-left-med-school-and/ 2024]</ref><ref>"CNBC Changemakers: Michelle Zatlyn". ''CNBC''. February 28, 2024. Archived from the original on March 3, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.[https://www.cnbc.com/2024/02/28/michelle-zatlyn-cnbc-changemakers.html]</ref> == Tiro ya botshelo jotlhe == Morago ga go dira tiro ya boitshupo ya selemo kwa Google le go nna mookamedi wa dikumo kwa Toshiba, Zatlyn o ne a tsenela setlhopha se se simolotseng sa kwa Toronto sa I Love Rewards (moragonyana ya nna Achievers), lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe la go duela badiri. <ref name=":1">"Michelle Zatlyn: 'That's why I fell in love with tech. We're helping customers and users around the world'; Cloudflare co-founder knew nothing about internet security, but cared a lot about liking what she was doing". ''The Globe and Mail''. February 11, 2019. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved 2021-10-[https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA573557605&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-ITOF&asid=4abdb6b5 13]</ref><ref name=":2">"Michelle Zatlyn". ''Forbes''. April 2024. Archived from the original on April 4, 2024. Retrieved April 4, [https://www.forbes.com/profile/michelle-zatlyn/ 2024]</ref>. O ne a thaya Cloudflare mmogo le baithuti ka ene ba kwa Harvard Business School e bong Matthew Prince le Lee Holloway ka 2009.<ref>Wisenthal, Lucas. "Internet entrepreneur hits the world stage". ''mcgillnews.mcgill.ca''. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved 2021-09-[https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/ 23]</ref> O ntse mo lekgotleng la Cloudflare mme o direla jaaka moporesidente wa khamphane le COO. <ref>Cai, Kenrick. "Cloudflare cofounder Michelle Zatlyn is new billionaire as stock reaches new high". ''Forbes''. Archived from the original on December 17, 2021. Retrieved 2021-09-[https://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrickcai/2021/07/06/cloudflare-cofounder-coo-michelle-zatlyn-billionaire/ 23]</ref><ref>Mehta, Stephanie (December 17, 2020). "Exclusive: Cloudflare promotes Michelle Zatlyn to president, a gain for women in tech". ''Fast Company''. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved September 21, [https://www.fastcompany.com/90587133/exclusive-cloudflare-promotes-michelle-zatlyn-to-president-a-gain-for-women-in-tech 2021]</ref> Fa a bua ka go nna mongwe wa bathei ba Cloudflare, Zatlyn a re: Fa re ne re tlhama Cloudflare, ke ne ke sa itse sepe ka tshireletsego ya inthanete, mme ke amega thata ka go rata se ke se dirang. Ke ne ke itse gore fa nka thusa go dira tshireletsego ya inthanete, ke sengwe se nka se dirang ka natla le go nna motlotlo ka sone; dingwaga di le 10 morago ga moo, re na le ditikwatikwe tsa data di le 165, mafelo a le dimilione di le 12 le badiri ba feta 800.<ref name=":1" /> Zatlyn o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mo lekgotleng la batsamaisi ba khampani ya software ya Australia, Atlassian, ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2021.<ref>Moore, Ben (September 10, 2021). "Atlassian names billionaire Cloudflare co-founder Michelle Zatlyn to Board of Directors". ''CRN Australia''. Archived from the original on December 17, 2021. Retrieved 2021-09-23.[https://web.archive.org/web/20211217185944/https://www.crn.com.au/news/atlassian-names-billionaire-cloudflare-co-founder-michelle-zatlyn-to-board-of-directors-569688]</ref>Gape ke leloko la setlhopha sa pabalesego ya inthanete sa Aspen Institute.<ref>"Michelle Zatlyn". ''The Aspen Institute''. Archived from the original on 2021-10-28. Retrieved October 13, 2021.[https://www.aspeninstitute.org/our-people/michelle-zatlyn/]</ref> == Go amogelwa == Zatlyn o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka mongwe wa "40 Under 40" wa makasine wa Fortune (2017) <ref>"Michelle Zatlyn". ''Fortune''. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved October 13, [https://fortune.com/ranking/40-under-40/2017/michelle-zatlyn/ 2021]</ref>le "50 Self-Made Women" wa Forbes (2021); <ref>"America's Richest Self-Made Women". ''Forbes''. 2021-08-05. Archived from the original on December 4, 2021. Retrieved December 4, [https://web.archive.org/web/20211204041707/https://www.forbes.com/self-made-women/ 2021]</ref>gape o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka "Icon of Canadian Entrepreneurship" wa C100 (2019). <ref>Moore, Ben (2021-09-10). "Atlassian names billionaire Cloudflare co-founder Michelle Zatlyn to Board of Directors". CRN. Archived from the original on 2024-03-27. Retrieved April 7, [https://web.archive.org/web/20211217185944/https://www.crn.com.au/news/atlassian-names-billionaire-cloudflare-co-founder-michelle-zatlyn-to-board-of-directors-569688 2024]</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, ke leloko la Young Global Leaders of the World Economic Forum. <ref>"Community". ''The Forum of Young Global Leaders''. Archived from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved October 13, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170629170213/http://widgets.weforum.org/ygl-2017/ 2021]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong wa ngwaga wa 2025, Forbes o ne a lekanyetsa madi a gagwe go nna US$1.6 billion.<ref name=":2" /> Zatlyn o ne gape a kwadisitswe gareng ga basadi ba ba humileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng ba ba itiretseng ka bobona ke Forbes ka ngwga wa 2024.<ref>Wu, Natalie (April 3, 2024). "The World's Richest Self-Made Women in 2024". ''Forbes''. Archived from the original on April 3, 2024. Retrieved May 16, [https://www.forbes.com/sites/nataliewu/2024/04/03/the-worlds-richest-self-made-women-in-2024-taylor-swift-kim-kardashian-rihanna/ 2024]</ref> == Metswedi == p14qmeqqn0qrhjwkj5ideao2k8nywy4 Chantelle Boye-Hlorkah 0 12158 56967 45348 2026-11-02T02:27:17Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chantelle "Chaney" Boye-Hlorkah''' (/ˈʃæni ˌbɔɪəˈlɔːrkə/ ''SHAN-ee BOY-ə-LOR-kə'';<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/EvertonWomen/videos/get-to-know-chaney-boye-hlorkah/642471083263645/ "Get To Know: Chaney Boye-Hlorkah"]. ''Facebook''. 26 April 2020. Retrieved 29 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref>yo o tshotsweng ka Lwetse a ferabobedi 1995) ke [[motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao]] yo o tshamekang ka fa letlhakoreng la setlhopha sa [[Bommampodi ba Basadi]] sa [[Nottingham Forest]]. O tsholetswe kwa Enyelane, mme o tshamekela [[setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Ghana]]. Morago ga go tshamekela Everton dingwaga di ferabongwe, Boye-Hlorkah o ne a tsenelela Aston Villa mme moragonyana a tsenelela London City Lionesses, kwa a neng a le karolo ya setlhopha se se neng sa tlhatlhosiwa go ya kwa WSL. O ne a le karolo ya setlhopha sa Ghana kwa [[Sejana sa Ditšhabatšhaba sa Basadi sa Aforika sa 2024|Sejaneng sa Ditšhabatšhaba sa Basadi sa Aforika sa 2024]]. == Tiro ya setlhopha == === Everton === Boye-Hlorkah o simolotse go ikatisa kgwele ya dinao kwa Setheong sa Botswerere sa Basadi sa [[Everton F.C. (bomme)|Everton]].<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250226050840/https://www.evertonfc.com/players/c/ch/chantelle-boye-hlorkah "Chantelle Boye-Hlorkah | Everton Football Club"]. ''www.evertonfc.com''. Retrieved 29 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> O ne a tshameka lekgetlho la ntlha mo setlhopheng se ka 2013. Ka Motsheganong wa [[setlha sa 2013]] o ne a nosa nno ya gagwe ya ntlha mo setlhopheng sa Blues kgatlhanong le [[Doncaster Rovers Belles]].<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga gore Everton e fenye [[2017 Spring Series]], o ne a newa konteraka ya gagwe ya ntlha ya nako e e tletseng le setlhopha sa ntlha.<ref>Rachel Rose Gold (13 September 2017). [https://royalbluemersey.sbnation.com/2017/9/13/16304308/everton-ladies-players-roster-chaney-boye-new-contract-fee-length-one-year "Everton Ladies sign forward to one-year deal"]. Royal Blue Mersey. Retrieved 29 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi 2020, o ne a saena konteraka e ntšha ya ngwaga o le mongwe le setlhopha seo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/53028122 "Chantelle Boye-Hlorkah: Everton forward extends deal with WSL club"]. ''www.bbc.co.uk''.</ref> === Aston Villa === Ka 2021, Boye-Hlorkah o ne a saena konteraka ya dingwaga di le pedi le Aston Villa. O ne a tshameka metshameko e le masome mabedi le bobedi mo liking ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo setlhopheng seo. === London City Lionesses === Ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le boraro 2023, go ne ga itsisiwe gore Boye-Hlorkah o ikopantse le London City Lionesses go tswa kwa Aston Villa ka konteraka ya ngwaga o le mongwe. Ka Phukwi a le lesome le boraro 2024, setlhopha se ne sa itsise gore se atolositse konteraka ya gagwe ngwaga o mongwe. Ka Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano 2025, setlhopha se ne sa itsise gore o tla tsamaya fa konteraka ya gagwe e fela. === Nottingham Forest === Ka Phatwe a le lesome le bobedi 2025, Boye-Hlorkah o ne a itsisiwe kwa Nottingham Forest ka konteraka ya dingwaga di le pedi. == Tiro ya boditšhabatšhaba == Boye-Hlorkah o emetse Enyelane mo maemong a [[U-19]] le [[U-23]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka Moranang 2025, o ne a amogela pitso ya gagwe ya ntlha go ya kwa [[setlhopheng sa bosetšhaba sa Ghana]] kwa metshamekong e mebedi kgatlhanong le [[Setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa bomme sa Senegal|Senegal]]. Ka Moranang a le malatsi matlhano ka 2025, o ne a tshameka lekgetlho la ntlha mo setlhopheng, a tla jaaka moemedi wa ga [[Evelyn Badu]] mo sebakeng sa oura e le nngwe. Ka Seetebosigo a le masome mararo 2025, Boye-Hlorkah o ne a bidiwa go tsenelela setlhopha sa Ghana sa [[Sejana sa Ditšhaba sa Basadi sa Aforika sa 2024]]. == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == ''Go tloga ka 27 Motsheganong 2023.'' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Setlhopha ! rowspan="2" |Setlha ! colspan="3" |Liki ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe |- !Division !Diponagatso !Dino !Diponagatso !Dino !Diponagatso !Dino !Diponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="9" |[[Everton F.C. (bomme)|Everton]] |2013 | rowspan="8" |[[FA WSL]] |10 |2 |0 |0 |1 |0 |11 |2 |- |2014 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2015 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |2 |0 |- |2016–17 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2017–18 |10 |1 |0 |0 |4 |0 |14 |1 |- |2018–19 |17 |3 |0 |0 |4 |1 |21 |4 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |0 |0 |3 |1 |13 |1 |- |2020–21 |10 |1 |0 |0 |3 |0 |13 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !57 !7 !0 !0 !17 !2 !74 !9 |- | rowspan="3" |[[Aston Villa W.F.C.|Aston Villa]] |2021–22 | rowspan="2" |Women's Super League |18 |0 |0 |0 |4 |2 |22 |2 |- |2022–23 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !22 !0 !0 !0 !6 !2 !28 !2 |- | rowspan="3" |[[London City Lionesses]] |2023–24 | rowspan="2" |Championship |18 |5 |2 |1 |3 |2 |23 |8 |- |2024-25 |5 |2 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !23 !7 !2 !1 !4 !2 !29 !10 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya tiro !92 !14 !2 !1 !27 !6 !121 !21 |} == Ditlotla == '''Everton''' * [[FA Women's Cup]] maemo a bobedi (1): 2013–14 * '''[[FA WSL 2]]''' '''Bafenyi''' (1): 2017 == Metswedi == 5q5c6of7isi8dza2exepxsmz30n0k26 Nomvuyo Mhlakaza-Manamela 0 12342 56992 46840 2026-11-02T11:42:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Nomvuyo Mhlakaza-Manamela|honorific-suffix=Mopalamente|office=Mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya kgaolo ya [[Gauteng]]|term_start=Phukwi a le lesome lebobedi ngwaga wa 2024|predecessor=[[Refiloe Nt'sekhe]]|term_start1=Motsheganong 2019|term_end1=Motsheganong 2024|predecessor1=[[Nomantu Nkomo-Ralehoko]]|successor1=[[Refiloe Nt'sekhe]]|1blankname1=Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente|1namedata1=[[Ntombi Mekgwe]]|citizenship=mo [[Aforika Borwa]]|party=[[African National Congress]]|otherparty=[[South African Communist Party]]|spouse=[[Buti Manamela]]|1namedata=[[Morakane Mosupyoe]]|1blankname=Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente}} '''Nomvuyo Memory Mhlakaza-Manamela''' ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o berekileng e le mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya kgaolo ya [[Gauteng]] go tswa ka Motsheganong 2019, le ka Phukwi 2024.<ref>https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/politics/ancs-vuyo-mhlakaza-manamela-elected-gauteng-deputy-speaker/</ref> Ke motlhatlhaledi wa tsa badiri ka katiso, ke leloko la [[African National Congress]] (ANC). == Tiro ya gagwe ya pele le thuto == Mhlakaza-Manamela o na le BTech degree ya go okamela badiri go tswa kwa [[Tshwane University of Technology]].<ref name=":0">Wednesday (22 April 2020). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20260115231942/https://www.gpl.gov.za/dspeaker-profile/ Deputy Speaker Nomvuyo Memory Mhlakaza-Manamela".] ''Gauteng Provincial Legislature''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> O simolotse tiro ya gagwe kwa lephateng la tlhokomelo badiri kwa National Cooperative Association of South Africa le feme ya Industrial Development Corporation and computer firm CSS Tirisano. O ne a ya go bereka kwa ATCOM John Thompson go tswa ka 2007 go tsena 2010 le kwa lekgotleng la tlhabololo banana go tswa ka 2010 go tsena 2013.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2017, o ne a thapiwa e le mookamedi wa phiro kwa mmasepaleng wa [[Ekurhuleni]].<ref name=":0" /> O berekile gape e le mookamedi mo makgotleng a mafelo a a farologaneng a setshaba, a akaretsa [[PetroSA]], State Information and Technology Agency, le go tswa ka 2013<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190510155955/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/speeches/acting-president-motlanthe-appoints-members-sabc-board "Acting President Motlanthe appoints members to the SABC Board".] ''The Presidency''. 25 September 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2023.</ref> go fitlhelela a ithola marapo ka 2016,<ref>[https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/news/2016-11-15-zuma-accepts-resignations-of-two-sabc-board-members-ahead-of-inquiry-committee-meeting/ "Zuma accepts resignations of two SABC board members ahead of inquiry committee meeting".] ''Daily Dispatch''. 15 November 2016. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> kwa [[South African Broadcasting Corporation]] (SABC). Mo nakong eo, Mhlakaza-Manamela o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo phathing ya gagwe ya sepolotiki ya ANC. Pele e ne le leloko la komiti kgolo ya phathi ya baithuti le lekgotla la banana,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">[https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-05-22-ancs-ntombi-mekgwe-put-forward-as-gauteng-legislature-speaker-as-members-are-sworn-in/ "ANC's Ntombi Mekgwe put forward as Gauteng legislature speaker as members are sworn-in"]. ''Sowetan''. 22 May 2019. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> o ne a tlhophiwa mo komiting ya kgaolo ya [[Gauteng]] ka 2018 le 2022.<ref>[https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-anc-gauteng-province-on-the-successful-13th-provincial-conference-2018-07-23 "ANC Gauteng province on the successful 13th provincial conference".] ''Polity''. 23 July 2018. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref><ref>Banda, Michelle (11 July 2022). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-07-11-anc-gauteng-elects-pec-members-as-new-chair-panyaza-lesufi-calls-for-party-unity/ "ANC Gauteng elects PEC members as new chair Panyaza Lesufi calls for party unity"]. ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Ke  leloko gape la South African Communist Party (SACP), le le berekisang thata le ANC, a bereka le mo palanenteng ya kgaolo ya SAPC le legkgotla la banana.<ref name=":0" /> == Tiro ya palamente == Ka ditlhopho tsa 2019, o ne a tlhophiwa mo palamenteng ya Gauteng, a le mo maemong a masome mabedi le bobedi a lenaane la kgaolo la ANC.<ref>[https://www.pa.org.za/person/nomvuyo-memory-manamela/ "Nomvuyo Memory Manamela"]. ''People's Assembly''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> ANC e le yone e nang le maloko a mantsi mo palamenteng, e ne ya mo tlhopha go nna mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa kgaolo a bereka ka fa tlase ga ga motsamaisa dipuisano [[Ntombi Mekgwe]].<ref name=":1" /> Ka Seetebosigo 2022, lekgotla la National Prosecuting Authority le ne la itsise fa le tlaa sekisa Mhlakaza-Manamela ka molato wa go betsa ka maikaelelo a go utlusa botlhoko.<ref name=":2">Pijoos, Iavan (28 June 2022). [https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/npa-to-finally-prosecute-gauteng-deputy-speaker-for-assault-after-prosecutor-withdrew-case-20220628 "NPA to finally prosecute Gauteng deputy speaker for assault after prosecutor withdrew case"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> O ne a lebisiwa molato wa go betsa lepodisi Lizzy Mojapelo ka Tlhakole 2020. Mojapelo o ne a itsholofetse ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Maromo, Jonisayi (18 August 2022). [https://iol.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2022-08-18-gauteng-deputy-speaker-mhlakaza-manamela-in-court-for-allegedly-assaulting-pregnant-cop/ "Gauteng deputy speaker Mhlakaza-Manamela in court for allegedly assaulting pregnant cop".] Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Mhlakaza-Manamela o tlhageletse e le lantlha kwa kgitlatshekelong ya ga mmakaseterata ka Phatwe 2022.<ref>Montsho, Molaole (18 August 2022). [https://iol.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2022-08-18-gauteng-deputy-speaker-in-court-for-alleged-assault-of-pregnant-vip-officer-but-afriforum-angered-by-npas-handling-of-case/ "Gauteng deputy speaker in court over alleged assault of pregnant VIP protection officer, but AfriForum angered by NPA's handling of case"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa kgaolo tsa 2024, Mhlakaza-Manamela o ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Refiloe Nt'sekhe]] wa DA e le mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano.<ref>Capa, Siyamtanda. [https://www.news24.com/politics/coalition-nation-more-promises-as-lesufi-takes-the-oath-of-office-20240614 "COALITION NATION | More promises as Lesufi takes the oath of office"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Mhlakaza-Manamela o ne a tlhophiwa gape e le mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente morago ga go ithola marapo ga ga Nt'sekhe morago ga go ikgogela morago ga DA mo dipuisanong tsa puso ya kgaolo<ref>https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/politics/ancs-vuyo-mhlakaza-manamela-elected-gauteng-deputy-speaker/</ref> == Metswedi == ovolqheuoc8h2rz74m6n94dj6mbcfeo Caroline Chepkwony 0 12450 56966 50125 2026-11-02T02:13:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caroline Jepchirchir Chepkwony''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranange le masome a mabedi le bosupa(27) ka ngwaga wa 1985)nb ke motabogi wa sekgala se seleele wa kwa Kenya yo o gaisanang mo dikgaisanong tsa go taboga mo tseleng. O simolotse tiro ya gagwe jaaka motabogi wa mo lebaleng mme o ne a nna mofenyi wa bobedi kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Diatleletiki tsa Bašwa tsa Aforika ka ngwaga wa 2001 mme a gapa mmentlele wa boronse wa dimitara di le 800 kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Diatleletiki tsa Aforika tsa ngwaga wa 2004. O ne a emela Kenya kwa Metshamekong ya Kgweranoditšhaba ya ngwaga wa 2006 le kwa Metshamekong ya Aforika Yotlhe ya 2007. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007 go ya pele o ne a tlhoma mogopolo thata mo mabelong a tsela a Jeremane le Fora. Ke mofenyi wa makgetlo a le mabedi wa Halofo ya Marathone wa Hamburg mme e ne e le mofenyi wa ngwaga wa 2012 wa BIG 25 Berlin. O na le nako e e kwa godimo ya 10K ya 32:32, nako e e kwa godimo ya halofo ya mmarathone ya 1:08:36 le nako e e kwa godimo ya mmarathone ya 2:30:34. == Tiro == O tsholetswe kwa Motseng wa Kapsigoria kwa kgaolong ya Elgeyo Marakwet kwa Kenya,<ref>Rotich and Kirui shine in Kapsabet. IAAF (2004-06-13). Retrieved on 2013-10-26.[https://worldathletics.org/news/news/rotich-and-kirui-shine-in-kapsabet]</ref>Katlego ya ntlha ya ga Chepkwony e ne ya tla kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Diatleletiki tsa Basha tsa Aforika tsa ngwaga wa 2001, kwa a neng a le mofenyi wa mmentlele wa selefera mo dimitara di le 5000 morago ga Vivian Cheruiyot.<ref>African Junior Championships 2001 Archived 2011-10-23 at the Wayback Machine. World Junior Athletics History. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://web.archive.org/web/20260106153244/https://www.wjah.co.uk/wojc/AFJC/AFJC2001.html 26]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2004, o ne a nna wa bobedi mo dimitara di le 5000 kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Diatleletiki tsa Kenya le kwa lebelong la teko la Diolimpiki. O ne a sena nako ya go tshwanelegela go tsenela Diolimpiki tsa Athena tsa ngwaga wa 2004, mme o ne a tlhophiwa go tsenela Dikgaisano tsa Bommampodi ba Aforika tsa 2004 tsa Diatleletiki mme a gapa mmentlele wa boronse kwa kgaisanong eo.<ref>African championships Brazzaville (Congo) 14-18 juillet 2004. Africa Athle. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://www.africathle.com/perso/events/brazza2004.html 26]</ref> O fentse sekgele sa gagwe sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2005 mme a tlhoma 800 m ka 2:03.6, mme gape o ne a se na maemo a bommampodi ba bagolo (Dikgaisano tsa Lefatshe tsa 2005).<ref>Kenyan Championships. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2013-10-26.[http://www.gbrathletics.com/nc/ken.htm]</ref>O ne a gaisana kwa Metshamekong ya Kgweranoditšhaba ya ngwaga wa 2006 mme a se ka a feta mo tikologong ya ntlha. E ne e le ka ngwaga oo fa a ne a simolola go gaisana la ntlha mo mabelong a tsela a Yuropa mme a fenya Spiridon Silvesterlauf, Basler Stadtlauf, Lebala la Escalade, Lebala la Noël mme a tlhoma rekoto ya mabelo kwa La Corrida Bulloise.<ref>La Corrida Bulloise 8 km. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://www.arrs.run/HP_Bulle8.htm 26]</ref><ref name=":0">Course de l'Escalade. ARRS. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://www.arrs.run/HP_CEs9.htm 26]</ref><ref>Course du Noël . ARRS. Retrieved on 2013-10-26.[https://www.arrs.run/HP_Sion7.htm]</ref>O ne a tswelela go tlhakanya mabelo a mo tseleng le go taboga mo tseleng ka ngwaga wa 2007 mme a tabogela Kenya mo dimitara di le 800 le dimitara di le 1500 kwa Metshamekong ya Aforika Yotlhe ya ngwaga wa 2007.<ref name=":1">Caroline Chepkwony. Tilastopaja. Retrieved on 2013-10-26.[http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=3002&Season=2007&Odd=0]</ref> Chepkwony o ne a foswa ke paka ya ngwaga wa 2008 mme a boa ka katlego ka ngwaga wa 2009 a tlhomile mogopolo mo ditiragalong tsa mo tseleng, a fenya Course de l'Escalade lekgetlo la bobedi mme a tsaya sekgele sa Hamburg Half Marathon ka nako ya 1:15:22 mo lekgetlong la gagwe la ntlha mo sekgaleng.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Ergebnisliste 2009 Archived October 29, 2013, at the Wayback Machine (in German). Hamburg Half Marathon. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://web.archive.org/web/20150430034832/http://www.hamburg-halbmarathon.de/ergebnisse2009.php 26]</ref>O ne a gaisana mo dikgaisanong tse dinnye ka ngwaga wa 2010 mme o ne a duelwa ka diphenyo di le dintsi, go akaretsa le Sejana sa Sefapaano sa Lotto sa Brussels,<ref>Hendrix, Ivo (2010-12-19). Lebid and Chepkwony supreme winners in snowy Brussels. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-26.[https://worldathletics.org/news/news/lebid-and-chepkwony-supreme-winners-in-snowy]</ref> mabelo a Kö-Lauf le Alsterlauf Hamburg a 10K, dimarathone tsa halofo kwa Hamburg le Altötting, le Zürcher Silvesterlauf. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a boloka dikgele tsa gagwe kwa Brussels, Hamburg le Zürich, gape a fenya Khoso ya Noël lekgetlo la bobedi.<ref name=":1" />Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a fenya mabelo a Murtenlauf le Kerzerslauf lekgetlo la ntlha.<ref>Kerzerslauf 15 km. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://www.arrs.run/HP_Kerzer15.htm 26]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2012 bone Chepkwony qala ho nka karolo ka phahameng maemo a tsela dikgaisano. O ne a taboga ka lobelo lo lo kwa godimo lwa metsotso e le 68:36 go bona maemo a boraro kwa Halofo ya Mmarathone wa Berlin,<ref>Martin, David (2012-04-01). Koech and Ongori prevail in heated battles in Berlin Half. IAAF. Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://worldathletics.org/news/news/koech-and-ongori-prevail-in-heated-battles-in 26]</ref>morago ga moo a fenya lebelo la BIG 25 la Berlin.<ref>Kimetto breaks 25km World record in Berlin. IAAF (2012-05-06). Retrieved on 2013-10-26.[https://worldathletics.org/news/news/kimetto-breaks-25km-world-record-in-berlin]</ref> Seno se ne sa dira gore a nne mo tlhophong ya maemo a a kwa godimo ya Marathone wa Berlin wa ngwaga wa 2012 mme mo maitekong a gagwe a ntlha a sekgala sa bogologolo o ne a kgona go fetsa ka diura di le 2:30:34, a tla mo maemong a bosupa.<ref>Mutai, Kebede win Berlin Marathon Archived 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine. Reuters/Eurosport (2012-09-30). Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://web.archive.org/web/20110223233117/http://sports.yahoo.com/ 26]</ref>Ntle le ditiro tsa gagwe kwa Berlin o ne a boeletsa phenyo ya gagwe kwa Kerzerslauf (a tlhoma rekoto ya khoso), a fenya Grand Prix ya von Bern ya dimaele di le 10,<ref>"untitled". ''www.arrs.run''. Retrieved 2018-05-[https://www.arrs.run/HP_Bern10.htm 03]</ref> mme a nna le phenyo e nngwe kwa Course du Noël.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a dira maeto a mararo a halofo ya marathone ka ngwaga wa 2013 mme a fetsa mo maemong a ntlha a mararo nako le nako, a tla mo maemong a boraro kwa Halofo ya Marathone wa Paris mme a nna wa bobedi kwa Halofo ya Marathone wa Göteborgsvarvet le Ústí nad Labem.<ref name=":1" />Marathone wa Ljubljana o ne a dira gore a taboge sekgala se se gaisang tsotlhe, ka a ne a fenya lobelo ka nako ya 2:27:27.<ref>Chepkwony beats the breeze in Ljubljana. IAAF (2013-10-27). Retrieved on 2013-10-[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/chepkwony-beats-the-breeze-in-ljubljana 28]</ref> == Metswedi == fnkd2ex8tmu7fr6u9t9b1elytco9pev Diphororo tsa Ruacana 0 13354 56969 50961 2026-11-02T03:14:18Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56969 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Ruacana Falls at High Water from distance in 03-2011 by Tom Jakobi.JPG|thumb|Diphororo tsa Ruacana]] '''Phororo ya Ruacana''' ke phororo e e kwa Ruacana, Omusati mo Nokeng ya Kunene kwa Bokone jwa [[Namibia]]. Phororo eno e bogodimo jwa dimetara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi (120) le bophara jwa dimetara di le makgolo a supa (700) fa e tletse ka morwalela. Ke nngwe ya diphororo tse dikgolo mo Afrika, ka bogolo le bophara.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061128154353/http://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/waterfall.php?num=155 Ruacana Falls] WorldWaterFallDatabase.com</ref><ref>[https://neweralive.na/posts/stairs-at-ruacana-waterfalls-in-state-of-disrepair "Stairs at Ruacana waterfalls in state of disrepair"]. ''Truth, for its own sake''. Retrieved 2021-06-26.</ref> == Tlhaloso == Diphororo tsa Ruacana di bopilwe ke noka ya Kunene e e leng boleele jwa dikilometara di le 1 050 (650 mi), e e tshwayang karolo ya molelwane magareng ga Namibia le [[Angola]], e wela mo moseleng o o boteng jwa dimetara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi (120) le bophara jwa dimetara di le makgolo a supa (700).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240216131703/https://www.info-namibia.com/activities-and-places-of-interest/kaokoveld/ruacana-falls "Ruacana Falls - Water falls and hydro-electric power plant".] ''www.info-namibia.com''. Retrieved 2021-06-26</ref> == Metswedi == al2pykmiudn51b9gg3m37wn7lmo23m9 Letsha la Nasser 0 13678 56983 50828 2026-11-02T07:51:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Nasser|image_name=Lake Nasser Vista.jpg|caption=Tebego ya letsha kwa Abu Simel|image_map=Egypt relief location map.jpg|basin_countries=[[Egypt]] [[Sudan]]|length=550 km}} '''Letšha la Nasser''' ke letangwana le le tona kwa borwa jwa [[Egypt]] le bokone jwa [[Sudan]]. Le agilwe ka kago ya [[letamo la Aswan High]] ebile e le lone letšha le le ikagetsweng le le tona thata mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref>[https://www.power-technology.com/projects/aswan-high-dam-nile-sudan-egypt/ "Aswan High Dam, River Nile, Sudan, Egypt".] ''Water Technology''. Retrieved 116 June 2026</ref> Pele ga le agiwa, lefatshe la Sudan le ne le le kgatlhanong le porojeke e ka e ne e tlaa tsenelela kwa bokone jwa lefatshe leoo, kwa bontsi jwa batho ba morafe wa Nubia ba tlaa tshwanelwang ke go fudusiwa.<ref>Scudder, Thayer (2 September 2016). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=fNTMDAAAQBAJ&q=Research+Aswan++Egypt&pg=PA1&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Research%20Aswan%20%20Egypt&f=false Aswan High Dam Resettlement of Egyptian Nubians]''. Springer. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/9789811019357|<bdi>9789811019357</bdi>.]] Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref><ref>Sofer, Amon (1999). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=cpZ2q6e5hJUC&q=lake+nasser&pg=PA36&redir_esc=y Rivers of Fire: The Conflict Over Water in the Middle East]''. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 36. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780847685110|<bdi>9780847685110</bdi>.]]</ref> Kwa phelelong lefatshe la Sudan gaufi le lefelo la letšha la Nasser le ne la itemogela morwalela o o bakilweng ke letšha.<ref>[https://statoids.com/ueg.html "Governorates of Egypt".] ''Statoids Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")''. Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref> Letšha le le nnile motswedi wa botlhokwa wa itsholelo kwa Egypt, le tokafaditse temothuo le go rotloetsa go tshwara ditlhapi ga mmogo le go tokafatsa mehama ya bojanala. Letšha la Nasser go tewa bontlha jo bogolo jwa letšha jo bo kwa Egypt (83% wa lefelo lotlhe), ba Sudan ba rata go bitsa bontlha jo bonnye jwa metsi a a mo lotlhakoreng lwa bone '''Letšha la Nubia'''.<ref>Roest, F.C.; Crul, R. C. M. (1995). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=xExMDWP_rQcC&q=lake+nubia&pg=PA81&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=lake%20nubia&f=false ''Current Status of Fisheries and Fish Stocks of the Four Largest African Reservoirs: Kainji, Kariba, Nasser/Nubia and Volta''.] Food & Agriculture Org. p. 81. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9789251036839|<bdi>9789251036839</bdi>.]]</ref> == Dipopego tsa lone == Letšha le boleele jwa dikhilomithara di le makgolo a mane, masome a supa le borobabongwe, le bophara jwa dikhilomithara di le lesome le borataro go kgabaganya kwa le leng biphara thata teng, kwa e leng kwa Tropic of Cancer. Le apesa bophara jwa dikhilomithara di le dikete tlhano, makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano, le na le seelo sa go baya metsi sa dikhilomithara di le lekgolo, masome a mararo le bobedi jwa metsi.<ref>Muala, Eric; Mohamed, Yasir A.; Duan, Zheng; van der Zaag, Pieter (13 August 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20241117195025/https://repository.tudelft.nl/record/uuid:3113f919-47e7-47b4-bde7-4ec5b9bb523f "Estimation of Reservoir Discharges from Lake Nasser and Roseires Reservoir in the Nile Basin Using Satellite Altimetry and Imagery Data]". ''Remote Sensing''. '''6''' (8): 7526. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014RemS....6.7522M 2014RemS....6.7522M]. doi:[https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/8/7522 10.3390/rs6087522.]</ref> == Ditso == === Pele ga letamo la Aswan High le Letsha la Nasser === Pele ga kago ya [[letamo la Aswan High]] le go tlhamiwa ga letsha la Nasser, lefelo le gompieno letsha le leng mo go lone e ne e le bontlha jo bo botlhokwa jwa kgaolo ya Nubia, kwa e leng legae la baeteledipele ba Egypt le magosi a koo a tshwana le jwa Kush.<ref>[https://nubianfoundation.org/about-nubia/ "About Nubia".] ''Nubian Foundation''. 2 October 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> === Kago ya letamo la Aswan High 1960 - 1970 === Kago ya [[letamo la Aswan High]] e simologile ka ngwaga wa 1960 ka taolo ya ga tautona wa bobedi wa [[Egypt]] ebile Letsha la Nasser le reeletswe ka ene [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]]. Tautona [[Anwar Sadat]] ke ene a butseng letsha le letamo semmuso ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe (1971).<ref>[[iarchive:encyclopediaofar0000lang|''Encyclopedia of Architectural and Engineering Feats''.]] ABC-CLIO. 2001. p. 23. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781576071120|9781576071120]]</bdi>. <q>president nasser, high dam project.</q></ref> Le feditswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970), letamo la Aswan High go kgabaganya noka ya Nile le agetswe go emelela letamo la Aswan Low le le neng le sa lekana, le le agilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bobedi ( 1902). Maikaelelo a letamo le letangwana le le le dirileng la Letsha la Nasser, e ne e le go dira motswedi o o itshetletseng wa metsi, go oketsa tsa teothuo le go fetlha motlakase kwa Egypt.<ref>[https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/aswan-dam-completed/ "Aswan Dam Completed".] ''education.nationalgeographic.org''. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> === Dikgogakgogano === Kago ya letamo la Aswan High le Letsha la Nasser di bakile dikgogakgogano di le mmalwa mabapi le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo tikologong le mo go ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le amegang. ==== Go fudusiwa ga morafe wa Nubia ==== Ka ntlha ya go agiwa ga letamo la Aswan High le go tlala ga letsha la Nasser, batho ba morafe wa Nubia ba le dikete di le lesome ba ne ba patelediwa go fuduga mo malwapeng a bone go ya go thibelela go sele.<ref>Beddis, R. A. (1963). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40565511 "The Aswan High Dam and the Resettlement of the Nubian People".] ''Geography''. '''48''' (1): 77–80. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0016-7487 0016-7487]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40565511 40565511.]</ref> Le ntswa bangwe ba kgonne go bona bonno mo lotshitshing kwa letsha le lesha, malwapa a bone a pele a tserwe ke merwalela. ==== Go tsewa ke merwalela ga dikago tsa bogologolo le digopotso ==== Go agiwa ga letamo la Aswan High le letsha la Nasser go ne ga gwetlha letsholo la mafatshefatshe la go somarela ditso tsa kgaolo eo. Ka ntlha ya go tlala ga letsha le lesha la Nasser, bontsi jwa kgaolo bo ne jwa itemogela morwalela ka jalo, digopotso le difikantswe tse di koo di ne di tlaa tsewa ke morwalela. Ka ntlha ya se, maiteko a mafatshefatshe a ne a diriwa a go falotsa le go fudusa dikago tsa bogologolo le difikantswe tse di neng di tshosediwa mo letsholong la mafatshefatshe la go boloka ditso tsa Nubia ke lekgotla la UNESCO.<ref>Hassan, Fekri A. (2007). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40743449?seq=1 "The Aswan High Dam and the International Rescue Nubia Campaign"]. ''The African Archaeological Review''. '''24''' (3/4): 73–94. doi:[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-007-9018-5 10.1007/s10437-007-9018-5.] [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0263-0338 0263-0338.] [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40743449 40743449].</ref> Le ntswa mafelo a le mantsi a ne a bolokwa a bo a fudusiwa a tshwana le dikereke tsa Kalabsha, Wadi es-Sebua, le Amada, mafelo a mangwe jaaka la fotress of Buhen a ne a seka a kgona go bolokiwa jaanong a kwa tlase ga metsi mo letsheng.<ref>Gohary, Jocelyn (1998). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=yWkuAQAAIAAJ&q=Lake+Nasser&redir_esc=y Guide to the Nubian Monuments on Lake Nasser]''. American University in Cairo Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-977-424-462-9|<bdi>978-977-424-462-9</bdi>.]]</ref> A a itsegeng thata a a neng a bolokiwa ke dikereke tsa Abu Simbel tse di neng tsa thubiwa tsa fudusiwa sentle mo lotshitshing lwa letsha la Nasser.<ref>Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/story-abu-simbel/ "Working Together: Abu Simbel".] ''UNESCO World Heritage Centre''. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref><ref>[http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp//timesmachine.content-tagging.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1963/11/04/89571304.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false "Rescuing Abu Simbel".] ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> ==== Ditlamorago mo tikologong ==== Go agiwa ga letamo kwa nokeng ya Nile go nnile le ditlamorago di le mmalwa mo tikologong ka go elela le ditsamaiso tsa noka di kgoreleditswe. Nngwe ya ditlamorago tse ke go kgorelediwa ga go elela ga seretse kwa tlase ga letamo, se fa e saleng bogologolo se neng se ntsha manyoro le menontshane e e tlhokegang mo go tsa temothuo. Ka jalo, balemi barui ba Egypt ba ne ba patelesega go dirisa menontshane e e rekiwang go tswelela ba lema. Magae a mefuta e e farologaneng ya diphologolo go feta letsha la Nasser le letamo la Awsan High, jaaka dikwena tsa Nile, le gone go amegile thata ka phokotsego ya metsi e e tsileng le go agiwa ga letamo go dirile gore mafelo ao a seka a kgona go nnega.<ref>Bunbury, Judith; Cooper, John P.; Hoath, Richard; Ikram, Salima; Johnston, Christine; Schneider, Thomas (2023). [https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000382778 "The Egyptian Nile: human transformation of an ancient river".] ''unesdoc.unesco.org'': 43–77. doi:[https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000382778 10.54677/mdjn3102.] hdl:[https://ore.exeter.ac.uk/articles/chapter/The_Egyptian_Nile_Human_Transformation_of_an_Ancient_River/29793326 10871/132212.] [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-3-100540-4|978-92-3-100540-4]]</bdi>. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> == Ditlamorago mo itsholelong == Ka go dira gore go nne le motswe wa metsi o o tshephegang go nosetsa le mo go tsa temothuo ngwaga otlhe eseng ka dipaka dingwe fela le ka merwalela ga [[noka ya Nile]], letsha la Nasser le nnile le ditlamorago tse dintle thata mo mohameng wa temothuo le mo itsholelong ya Egypt. Mohama wa temothuo o thapa batho ba Egypt ba ka nna 25% ya batho botlhe. Go tlhamiwa ga motswedi wa metsi o o itshetletseng kwa letsheng la Nasser, go okeditse lefatshe la temo ka 30%.<ref>[https://science.nasa.gov/earth/earth-observatory/fueled-by-the-nile-146932/ "Fueled by the Nile".] ''earthobservatory.nasa.gov''. 8 July 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> Ka letsha la Nasser e le legae la mefua e le masome matlhano le bobedi ya ditlhapi e bontsi jwa yone e leng mefuta ya tilapia e e tshwarwang thata,<ref>Crul, R. C. M.; Roest, F. C. (1995). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=xExMDWP_rQcC&q=lake+nubia&pg=PA81&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=lake%20nubia&f=false Current Status of Fisheries and Fish Stocks of the Four Largest African Reservoirs: Kainji, Kariba, Nasser/Nubia and Volta]''. Food & Agriculture Org. p. 81. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-5-103683-9|<bdi>978-92-5-103683-9</bdi>.]]</ref> ga mmogo le Nile Perch, letsha le dirile mohama o motona wa go tshwara ditlhapi, mekoro e le dikete ya go tshwara ditlhapi e feta mo nokeng, le mafelo a go tsamaisa ditlhapi a mo lotshitshing lwa lone.<ref>Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, ed. (2011). ''[https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/03b0b135-4960-4698-8351-e19afb48bc1b/content Review of tropical reservoirs and their fisheries: the cases of Lake Nasser, Lake Volta and Indo-Gangetic Basin reservoir]'' (PDF). FAO fisheries and aquaculture technical paper. Rome: FAO. pp. 39–84. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-5-106741-3|<bdi>978-92-5-106741-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Letsha la Nasser ke lefelo le le etelwang thata ke bajanala go tshwara ditlhapi, go pagama dikepe tse di bontshang lefelo, le go bona difikantswe tse di fudusitsweng fa letsha le tlala e le lantlha, bogolojang dikai di tshwana le dikereke tsa Abu Simel.<ref>[http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp//timesmachine.content-tagging.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1967/10/10/83635447.html?pageNumber=49 "Restored Abu Simbel Keeps Ancient Grandeur".] ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> [[Letamo la Aswan High]] le le nang le letsha la Nasser le ntsha motlakase wa metsi wa di gigawatts di le 2.1, e le peresente e e botlhokwa mo letlhokong la motlakase kwa Egypt.<ref>[https://science.nasa.gov/earth/earth-observatory/aswan-high-dam-85992/#:~:text=Aswan%20High%20Dam%20holds%20back,electricity%20for%20the%20first%20time. "Aswan High Dam"]. ''earthobservatory.nasa.gov''. 8 June 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2026</ref> == Mathata a gompieno le a a tla a nnang teng mo isagong == === Letamo la Grand Ethiopian Renaissance === Ka tshimologo ya kago ya [[letamo la Grand Ethiopian Renaissance]] (GERD) ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe (2011), lefatshe la Egypt le lebanwe ke matshosetsi a tlhaelo ya metsi ka letamo le lesha le tlaa fokotsa metsi a a elelelang kwa tlase kwa letsheng la Nasser. Ka metsi a a elelang a go tswa kwa Nile go ya [[Egypt]] le [[Sudan]] e le bontlha jo bogolo jwa itsholelo ya mafatshe ao, phokotso ya one fa go agiwa GERD e ka nna matlhotlhapelo mo mafatsheng a. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), porojeke e ne e tloga e fela e le mo go 90%; go tladiwa ga letangwana go simologile ka 2020. Letamo la Grand Ethiopian Renaissance le setse le ama Egypt ka le fokoditse metsi a a elelang mo nokeng ya Nile le go fokotsa lefatshe la temo mo lefatsheng leo.<ref>MENAFN. [https://menafn.com/1094975988/Egyptian-agriculture-crisis-worsens-mainly-due-to-lack-of-water "Egyptian agriculture crisis worsens, mainly due to lack of water".] ''menafn.com''. Retrieved 17 June 2026.</ref> Fa mafatshe a Egypt, Sudan le [[Ethiopia]] a sa kgone go tswa ka tharabololo ya bothata jo jwa metsi, letamo le le ka nna matshosetsi mo letsheng la Nasser, la nna le ditlamorago tse di sa nnag sentle mo mafatsheng a Egypt le Sudan a a ikaegileng ka lone mo mehameng e le mentsi ya itsholelo ya one.<ref>Attia, Hana; Saleh, Mona (2021). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep33478 The Political Deadlock on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (Report)]. German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA).</ref> == Ditshwantsho == [[Setshwantsho:Lake-nasser.jpg|left|thumb|150x150px|Ponalo e e phatsimang la letsha la Nasser]] [[Setshwantsho:Abu Simbel Temple May 30 2007.jpg|center|thumb|150x150px|Ponalo ya Abu Simel kwa letsheng la Nasser]] [[Setshwantsho:14.19 Egipto Nubia Lago Nasser.jpg|center|thumb|150x150px|ponalo e e phatsimang ya Letsha la Nasser fa letsatsi le phirima]] == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Letamo la Aswan High]] == Metswedi == 8qxt3vvo66cf1op86ia2v8beurqn4ey Letsha la Burera 0 13786 56982 51166 2026-11-02T07:43:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56982 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lac Burera.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Burera]] '''Letsha la Burera''' kgotsa Bulera ke letsha le le kwa bokonebophirima jwa [[Rwanda]], mo molelwaneng wa [[Uganda]]. E re ka e le borona jwa disekwerekilometara di le masome a matlhano le botlhano, ke letsha la bobedi le letona go gaisa otlhe mo [[Rwanda]] morago ga [[Letsha la Ahémé|Letsha la Ihema]] (le le bogolo jwa disekwerekilometara di le lekgolo). Fa go akanngwa ka matsha a mangwe mo nageng (go akarediwa matsha a a abelanwang le dinaga tse dingwe), e tla bo e le ya botlhano ka bogolo morago ga Lake Kivu 2,700 km2 (1,040 sq mi) magareng ga Rwanda le [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[Letsha la Rweru]] magareng ga [[Rwanda]] le [[Burundi]] ka disekwerekilometara di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le boraro (50 sq mi) e e leng fela 47 km2 (20 sq mi) e e kwa Rwanda, [[Letsha la Ahémé|Letsha la Ihema]] le [[Letsha la Cohoha]] 74 km2 (30 sq mi) le yone e abelanwa le Burundi e e leng fela 19 km2 (10 sq mi) e e kwa Rwanda. Letsha leno le kwa bokone jwa naga e e nang le batho ba le bantsi mo [[Kgaolong ya Burera]] e e bidiwang ka leina la letsha leno. Toropo e tona e e gaufi le yone ke toropo ya [[Musanze]] e e leng dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le boraro go ya kwa bophirima jwa letsha. Letsha la Burera le mo melelwaneng ya mafatshe a a bongola a Uganda mo mekgokoloseng e e kwa borwa jwa Thaba ya Muhavura e e bogodimo jwa dimetara di le sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro (6,102 ft).<ref>Hughes, Ralph H.; Hughes, Jane S.; Bernacsek, G. M. (1992). ''I[https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA204 ucn Directory of African Wetlands]''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA204 .] IUCN. p. 204. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-88032-949-5|<bdi>978-2-88032-949-5</bdi>.]] Retrieved 24 April 2013.</ref> E kwa bokone botlhaba jwa [[letsha la Ruhondo]] le e leng lefae la yone le le elelelang mo go lone ka molapo o o bidiwang Ntaruka. Burera e batla e le tona go menagane gabedi go feta [[Letsha la Ruhondo]] mme le fa e le dimetara di le makgolo a marataro fela go kgaoganya, matsha ano a mabedi a kgaogantswe ke go wela kwa tlase ga bogodimo ka dimetara di le lekgolo (328 ft). Ntaruka ke noka e e boleele jwa dimetara di le makgolo a marataro e e golaganyang matsha a mabedi mme e na le boteng jwa dimetara di le lekgolo. Ka ntlha ya go wa gono, go agilwe semela sa motlakase wa metsi se se ntshang motlakase wa 11.5 MW.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200717023836/https://www.reg.rw/what-we-do/generation/power-plant/?tx_powermail_pi1%5Baction%5D=create&tx_powermail_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=Form&cHash=2a8bace115ead5607620f166a9ae3b35 "Power Plant"]. ''Rwanda Energy Group''. Rwanda Energy Group. Retrieved 16 July 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == {{reflist}} s5tndsxic8larjlynbnhyj8gngxy3ha Letamo la Tichy-Haf 0 14227 56981 51971 2026-11-02T07:39:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56981 wikitext text/x-wiki L'''etamo la Tichy-Haf''' ke letamo la kgogedi ya Arch mo Bousellam ya Oued kwa Mahfouda, kwa Komponeng ya Bouhamza, kwa Béjaïa, kwa Algeria. == Se se diragetseng == Kago ya letamo e simolotse kwa Bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe ke setlamo sa Yugoslavia sa Hydrotchnika, mme moragonyana ya wediwa ke setlamo sa Algeria sa Cosider Group. Letamo le ne la wediwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi , mme la bulwa ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le borataro,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe. Letamo le ntsha dikhubikimitara di le dimilione di le masome a mane le bosupa ka ngwaga tsa metsi a a nowang a phaseje ya Akbou-Béjaïa, le dikhubikimitara di le dimilione di le masome a mane le boraro ka ngwaga tsa go nosetsa. Gaufi le letamo go na le Lefelo la Phepafatso la Tichy-Haf, le le nang le bokgoni jwa dikhubikimetara di le 120 000 ka letsatsi, peipi e e boleele jwa dikilometara di le masome a supa le ditanka tsa polokelo tse di nang le bokgoni jwa m3 di le dikete tse nne ke bobedi (1 500 000 cu ft).<ref>[http://www.soudoud-dzair.com/index.php?action=esmap_vect&table=chahidgis_barrage&id=66 "Nieuwe Trends Voor Heren & Dames".] ''Soudoud Dzair''.</ref><ref>[https://www.liberte-algerie.com/actualite/l-ade-de-bejaia-suspend-la-distribution-d-eau-du-barrage-de-tichy-haf-367254 "EN RAISON DE LA VALEUR "TRÈS ÉLEVÉE" DE LA TURBIDITÉ : L'ADE de Béjaïa suspend la distribution d'eau du barrage de Tichy Haf - L'Actualité : Liberté"]. ''www.liberte-algerie.com'' (in French). Retrieved 2026-03-13.</ref><ref>Youcef, BELHANI (1980-01-31). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240524085646/http://197.112.0.211/soudoud-dzair/index.php?action=esmap_vect&table=chahidgis_barrage&id=66 "ESMA, Développement des applications full web, Webmapping".] ''197.112.0.211'' (in French). Retrieved 2026-03-13.</ref><ref>Boudjadi, Kamel (2024-07-18). [https://www.lexpression.dz/societe/de-l-eau-a-partir-du-barrage-de-bouhamza-383681 "De l'eau à partir du barrage de Bouhamza".] ''L'Expression''. Retrieved 2026-03-13.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240718032521/https://www.lexpression.dz/societe/de-l-eau-a-partir-du-barrage-de-bouhamza-383681 "L'Expression: Société - De l'eau à partir du barrage de Bouhamza".] ''L'Expression'' (in French). Archived from the original on 2024-07-18. Retrieved 2026-03-13.</ref><ref name=":1">samir (2017-07-10). [https://leflaye.net/tifra-les-habitants-bloquent-la-mairie "TIFRA. Les habitants bloquent la mairie -"] (in French). Retrieved 2026-03-13.</ref><ref>[https://www.anbt.dz/en/tichy-haf-2/ "Tichy haf"]</ref><ref name=":2">Rédaction (2025-01-16). [https://lavoiedalgerie.dz/bejaia-le-barrage-de-tichy-haff-recoit-un-million-de-metres-cubes-en-48-heures/2025/16/13/ "Bejaïa : Le barrage de Tichy Haff reçoit un million de mètres cubes en 48 heures".] ''La voie dAlgérie'' (in French). Retrieved 2026-03-13.</ref> Go agiwa ga letamo le letamo la metsi go ne go le mo lefatsheng la temo la maloba, le baagi ba lefelo leo ba neng ba le kgatlhanong le go agiwa ga lone ka dingwaga tsa dikete tse pedi le ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro letamo le ne le na le bokgoni jwa 6% fela, seno se ne sa dira gore go epiwe dikhuti mo mokgatšheng mme letamo la metsi le ne la oma ka bontlhabongwe. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Baagi ba lefelo leo gantsi ba dirisa letamo le letamo go thuma, go thuma, go tsamaya ka mokoro, mme go na le ditlhare tsa motlhware tse di fa thoko ga noka.[ Go na gape le go thaya ditlhapi mo sedibeng, go tshwara carp e e tlwaelegileng le bream e e tlwaelegileng. 12] Le fa go ntse jalo, go kotsi go thuma kgotsa go thuma gaufi thata le letamo.[ 13] == Metswedi == 9yy42bnkk3h19aipx83no1avor0iv1c Kay Yarms 0 15104 56978 55018 2026-11-02T06:23:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khethokuhle Ngonyama''' (5 Moranang 1994) yo o itsegeng ka leina la Kay Yarms ke motlhotlheletsi wa Aforika Borwa, rakgwebo le youtuber. O itsege thata ka diteng tsa gagwe tsa bontle le di-vlogs tsa gagwe mo YouTube. Ke ene mothei wa Saxx Beauty. Ka 2023, o ne a tlhagelela mo lenaaneng la Forbes Africa 30 Under 30 class of 2023 for Forbes magazine. == Tiro == Ngonyama o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ka 2018 ka go abelana dibidio tsa makeup tse di bonolo, dikgakololo tsa bontle le diposo tsa mokgwa wa botshelo mo Instagram le YouTube. <ref>January, Amaarah (2024-10-07). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260918065316/https://tfgmedia.co.za/life-style/personalities/kay-yarms-born-to-slay/ "Kay Yarms was born to slay"]. TFG Media. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref> <ref>Staff, Editorial (2023-06-29). [https://neoreach.com/kay-yarms-net-worth/ "Kay Yarms Net Worth: Influencing Black Women and Encouraging Skin Positivity"]. NeoReach | Influencer Marketing Platform. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref> Ka 2020, o ne a itemogela kgolo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go tuma fa kanale ya gagwe ya YouTube e gola ka bonako mme a mo fa konopo ya Silver Play ya YouTube morago ga go feta ba ba ngodisitsweng ba le 100,000. <ref>Ngenyane, By Andiswa. [https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/celebs/fans-shower-kay-yarms-with-love-20230214 "Fans shower Kay Yarms with love!"]. Daily Sun. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref>] <ref>Walubengo, Peris (2022-11-28). [https://briefly.co.za/26213-top-south-african-youtubers-worth-watching.html "Top 20 famous South African YouTubers worth watching in 2024 - Briefly.co.za".] briefly.co.za. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref>Go nna teng ga gagwe mo inthaneteng go ne ga nonofa mme o ne a itsiwe jaaka mongwe wa batho ba ba ikanngwang thata mo lephateng la bontle la Aforika Borwa.<ref>Magadla, Mahlohonolo. [https://www.news24.com/truelove/beauty/5-young-beauty-influencers-to-follow-this-youth-month-20210615 "5 young beauty influencers to follow this youth month".] News24. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref> Ngwaga wa 2023 e ne e le ngwaga o o botlhokwa thata mo botshelong jwa gagwe. O ne a dira mmogo le MrPrice mo Yarms x Scarlet Hill makeup, e leng mogala wa bontle o o neng o rekisiwa thata mo Afrika Borwa.<ref>Njemla, Dideka (2023-11-17). "[https://www.bona.co.za/entertainment/kay-yarms-announces-partnership-with-scarlet-hill/ Kay Yarms announces partnership with Scarlet Hill]". Bona Magazine. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref>O ne a tlotliwa kwa South African Social Media Awards jaaka Social Media Influencer of the Year.<ref>Zuma, Mbalenhle (2025-08-21). [https://sundayworld.co.za/celebrity-news/lasizwe-dambuza-tells-fans-dont-waste-money-voting-for-me/ "Lasizwe Dambuza tells fans: "Don't waste money voting for me""]. Sunday World. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref> Mo ngwageng ona oo, o ne a tlhagelela mo lenaaneng la Forbes Africa 30 Under 30, a gatelela seabe sa gagwe mo intasetering ya bontle le metswedi ya tshedimosetso ya dijithale. <ref> [https://www.forbesafrica.com/under-30/2023/05/05/forbesafrica30under30-class-of-2023-meet-cover-star-khethokuhle-kay-yarms-ngonyama-ive-always-been-pretty-reserved-and-introverted-and-coming-out-of-my-shell-has-been-a-bit-ch "Forbes Africa 30 Under 30 Meet Cover Star Khethokuhle Ngonyama"]. www.forbesafrica.com. 2023-05-05. Retrieved 2025-11-22</ref> <ref> Ngenyane, Andiswa. [https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/celebs/youtubers-make-it-to-forbes-30-under-30-africa-20230404 "Mzansi's rising stars make it to Forbes' list!"]. Daily Sun. Retrieved 2025-11-22.</ref>O simolotse tirisanommogo le Red Bull ka Red Bull x Kay Yarms June Berry Summer edition.<ref> Ndawonde, Zamokuhle. [https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/beauty-meets-energy-red-bull-x-kay-yarms-launch-juneberry-summer-edition-20231209 "Beauty meets energy: Red Bull x Kay Yarms launch Juneberry summer edition"]. News24. Retrieved 2025-11-22</ref> [[Category:Batho ba ba tshelang]] == Metswedi == 5ayzvup90k5dyapmv1sjmndwyng4t51 Joh Makini 0 15319 56976 56550 2026-11-02T06:00:50Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56976 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Simon Mseke''' (o belegwe ka Mopitlwe 27, 1980), yo o itsegeng ka leina la gagwe la setene '''Joh Makini''', ke moopedi wa mmino wa [[hip hop]] wa kwa Tanzania e bile e le motlhami..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-03-04 |title=Joh Makini |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/joh-makini |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}</ref> Ke mongwe wa maloko a setlhopha sa Tanzanian Hip Hop se se bidiwang Weusi gape ke mothei le CEO wa letshwao la gagwe la rekoto, Makini Music. .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rapper Joh Makini Launches Own Record Label, Signs First Artiste |url=https://tangalebs.com/top-of-the/rapper-joh-makini-launches-own-record-label-signs-first-artiste_1263277987621233 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125113933/https://tangalebs.com/top-of-the/rapper-joh-makini-launches-own-record-label-signs-first-artiste_1263277987621233 |archive-date=January 25, 2022 |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=TANGAlebs |language=en}}</ref> Joh Makini o tswa kwa Arusha Tanzania mme ke mongwe wa dirapa tse di tumileng thata mo nageng eno<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bahhar |first=Narjes |date=2017-12-01 |title=African rap scenes: 5 Tanzanian rappers to follow |url=https://pan-african-music.com/en/african-rap-scenes-5-tanzanian-rappers/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=PAM - Pan African Music |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Young Killer: Joh Makini hakosi kwenye top 3 yangu ya wasanii wa hip hop bora Bongo – Bongo5.com |url=https://bongo5.com/young-killer-joh-makini-hakosi-kwenye-top-3-yangu-ya-wasanii-wa-hip-hop-bora-bongo-01-2017/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=bongo5.com}}</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe == Joh Makini o belegetswe kwa Arusha Tanzania mme o godiseditswe mo lelapeng le le nang le bana ba le bane go akarediwa le morwarraagwe yo mmotlana, Nikki Wa Pili yo le ene e leng moopedi wa mmino wa rap. O ne a atlega thata ka 2006 morago ga go ntsha pina ya gagwe e e tumileng, "Chochote Popote", e e neng ya dira gore a itsege thata jaaka naledi ya hip-hop e e golang kwa Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-03-04 |title=Joh Makini |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/joh-makini |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Huyu ndiye ‘mchawi’ mafanikio ya Joh Makini |url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/huyu-ndiye-mchawi-mafanikio-ya-joh-makini/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Global Publishers |language=en-US}}</ref> Ka 2012 o ne a kopana le Nikki Wa Pili, Bonta Maarifa, Lord Eyez le G Nako go bopa setlhopha sa hip-hop se se bidiwang Weusi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=TZA |first=Victor Kileo |title=Joh Makini ataja wasanii wa bongo anaowakubali kwenye muziki wa Hip Hop |url=https://millardayo.com/jvr/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Millard Ayo |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-06-28 |title=Weusi tumeacha ushamba : Joh Makini {{!}} East Africa Television |url=https://www.eatv.tv/news/entertainment/weusitumeacha-ushamba-joh-makini |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=www.eatv.tv |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316101256/https://www.eatv.tv/news/entertainment/weusitumeacha-ushamba-joh-makini |archive-date=2023-03-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Weusi o ne a itsege ka go tshameka kwa meletlong e e farologaneng ya mmino go ralala naga go akaretsa le FIesta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-29 |title=Weusi, Fid Q wafunika Tigo Fiesta Mwanza |url=https://www.ippmedia.com/sw/burudani/weusi-fid-q-wafunika-tigo-fiesta-mwanza |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=www.ippmedia.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Weusi, Fid Q Wafunika, Dimpoz Amwaga Machozi Jukwaa la Fiesta |url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/weusi-fid-q-wafunika-dimpoz-amwaga-machozi-jukwaa-la-fiesta/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Global Publishers |language=en-US}}</ref> ka ngwaga wa 2014 Joh Makini o ne a simolola go tsena mo mmarakeng wa kopelo wa Aforika <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ayo |first=Millard |title=Joh Makini amezitaja collabo zake za international |url=https://millardayo.com/jhmkn54/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Millard Ayo |language=en-US}}</ref>O ne a ikgolaganya le le baopedi mo Aforika jaaka [[Chidinma]] wa kwa Nigeria mo "Perfect Combo" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Joh Makini Akamilisha ‘Project’ Yake Na Chidinma |url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/joh-makini-akamilisha-project-yake-na-chidinma/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Global Publishers |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Davido]] mo "Kata Leta" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kolabo na Davido sikutafuta – Joh Makini – Bongo5.com |url=https://bongo5.com/kolabo-na-davido-sikutafuta-joh-makini-07-2017/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=bongo5.com}}</ref> le [[AKA (rapper)|AKA]] yo o tlhokafetseng wa Aforika Borwa mo who “Don’t Bother” <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ayo |first=Millard |title=Mabibi na mabwana video ya Joh Makini Feat. AKA – Don’t Bother ndio hii tumeletewa. |url=https://millardayo.com/johnew1111/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Millard Ayo |language=en-US}}</ref>"Don't Bother" e ne ya nna hit e e neng ya mo tlisetsa go tlhophiwa kwa The African Entertainment Awards US.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-08-31 |title=African Entertainment Awards USA unveil nominees |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/african-entertainment-awards-usa-unveil-nominees |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}</ref> Ka 2021, Joh Makini o ne a kopana le Weusi go golola alebamo ya bone ya ntlha e e bidiwang Air Weusi mmogo le loeto lo lo neng lo tsamaya le bone go ralala dikgaolo tse di farologaneng kwa Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Album ya Weusi ‘Air Weusi’ ngoma 14, rasmi kuachiwa Ijumaa – Bongo5.com |url=https://bongo5.com/album-ya-weusi-air-weusi-ngoma-14-rasmi-kuachiwa-ijumaa-03-2021/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=bongo5.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Elim |first=Robert |date=2021-03-14 |title=WEUSI WAACHIA RASMI ALBUM YAO "AIR WEUSI" • North Rift Radio |url=https://northriftradio.co.ke/weusi-waachia-rasmi-album-yao-air-weusi/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=North Rift Radio |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316044152/https://northriftradio.co.ke/weusi-waachia-rasmi-album-yao-air-weusi/ |archive-date=2023-03-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Joh Makini ke mogolo wa ga Nikki Wa Pili, rapper wa kwa Tanzania yo jaanong e leng mokomishinara wa kgaolo ya Kisarawe Dar es Salaam..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-23 |title=Aisee! Masta hawa 10 walishikwa mkono wakajibeba kabisa... |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/michezo/burudani/-aisee-masta-hawa-10-walishikwa-mkono-wakajibeba-kabisa--3411126 |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=Mwananchi |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316044204/https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/michezo/burudani/-aisee-masta-hawa-10-walishikwa-mkono-wakajibeba-kabisa--3411126 |archive-date=2023-03-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> O itsege gape ka dikamano tsa gagwe le Navy Kenzo, [[Vanessa Mdee]] le [[Mimi Mars]] yo go neng go na le magatwe a gore o ratana le ene ka 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mimi Mars confirms not having a fling with Joh Makini- (Video) – Bongo5.com |url=https://bongo5.com/mimi-mars-confirms-not-having-a-fling-with-joh-makini-video-01-2018/ |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=bongo5.com}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] o97cqfblinoqrldbivydjmabuoquyo8 Damson Idris 0 15480 56968 56225 2026-11-02T02:43:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56968 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adamson Alade-Bo "Damson" Idris''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola ga bedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobgwe le bone (1991) ke modiragatsi wa Borithane, rakgwebo le motlhagisi wa difilimi. <ref>{{Cite web |title='Snowfall' Star Damson Idris To Produce FX Series In Season 5 |url=https://www.imdb.com/news/ni63348865/ |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chikhoune |first=Ryma |date=2025-04-03 |title='F1' Star Damson Idris Talks Family Roots and Fine Jewelry as He Debuts His Brand, Didris |url=https://wwd.com/accessories-news/jewelry/f1-damson-idris-fine-jewelry-brand-didris-1237071647/ |access-date=2025-07-06 |website=WWD |language=en-US}}</ref> O simolotse tiro ya gagwe mo bobogelong. O tumile thata ka go tshameka karolo ya ga Franklin Saint mo mothshamekong wa bokebekwa wa [[:en:FX_(TV_channel)|FX]] ''[[:en:Snowfall_(TV_series)|ya Snowfall]]'' ( 2017–2023 ) le ya ga Joshua Pearce mo filiming ya metshameko ya ga Joseph Kosinski [[:en:F1_(film)|''ya F1'' .]] <ref>{{Cite news|title=FX Pilot 'Snowfall': Newcomer Damson Idris Tapped To Co-Star|url=https://deadline.com/2015/07/fx-pilot-snowfall-newcomer-damson-idris-tapped-to-co-star-1201473084/|access-date=10 June 2017}}</ref> <ref name="hr6817">{{Cite news|title=John Singleton Reveals Inspirations for His FX Cocaine Drama 'Snowfall'|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/john-singleton-fx-cocaine-drama-snowfall-1011777|access-date=10 June 2017}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Idris o tsholetswe kwa Peckham, kwa Borwabotlhaba jwa Lontone, mo lelapeng la Nigeria le le tswang kwa Bayoruba . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cleveland |first=Joel Randell, Keith Reid |title=Meet Damson Idris, The British-Nigerian Actor Taking Over The Big (And Small) Screen - Blavity |url=https://blavity.com/entertainment/who-is-damson-idris |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=Blavity News & Entertainment |language=en}}</ref> Ke ene yo mmotlana mo baneng ba le barataro. Mmaagwe Philippa ke rakgwebo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2025 |title=Meet Damson Idris, The British-Nigerian Actor Taking Over The Big (And Small) Screen |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/articles/meet-damson-idris-british-nigerian-163445215.html |website=Yahoo Entertainment}}</ref> O ne a bidiwa Adamson ka leina la ga rraagwemogolo, Adam Alade Idris. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2024 |title=Damson Idris Is a Man Of Mystery |url=https://www.essence.com/cover-stories/damson-idris-is-a-man-of-mystery/ |website=Essence}}</ref> Idris o ne a tshameka kgwele ya dinao mme o ne a eletsa go nna " Lionel Messi " <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230319235848/https://issuu.com/pilottheatre/docs/pilot_theatre_ghost_town_education_ "Ghost Town".] [[:en:Pilot_Theatre|Pilot Theatre.]] 1 December 2013. p.&#x20;12. Retrieved 10 June 2017.</ref> Gape o ne a tshameka [[:en:Rugby_football|rugby]], <ref>Kelsey, Colleen (7 June 2017). "[http://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/damson-idris Damson Idris".] [[:en:Interview_(magazine)|''Interview''.]] Retrieved 10 June 2017.</ref> mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tsed pedi le bobedi (2002), o ne a tshwara mohumagadi [[Elizabeth II]] ka letsogo fa setlhopha sa gagwe se ne se tsaya karolo mo Golden Jubilee. <ref>GQ (18 June 2025). ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ZA2IkmvNFk Damson Idris Replies To Fans Online | Actually Me]''. Retrieved 23 January 2026 &#x2013; via YouTube</ref> Idris o ithutile tsa metshameko ya bodiragatsi kwa sekolong se setona sa Brunel kwa Lontone . <ref name="ghosttown" /> <ref name="interview" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Damson Idris is on course for world domination |url=https://www.thegentlemansjournal.com/article/actor-damson-idris-is-on-course-for-world-domination/ |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=The Gentleman's Journal |language=en-GB}}</ref> O weditse dikirii ya [[:en:Honours_degree|BA Honors]] mo dithutong tsa Bobogelo, Difilimi le Setshwantsho sa motshikinyego. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Scene Profiles {{!}} Screen Nation 'Emerging Talent' Award Nominees|url=http://scenetv.co.uk/scene-profiles-screen-nation-emerging-talent-award-nominees/|access-date=10 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319235849/http://scenetv.co.uk/scene-profiles-screen-nation-emerging-talent-award-nominees/|archivedate=19 March 2023}}</ref> Moragonyana o ne a neelwa seetsele sa Baithuti ba Nako e e Fetileng ya Seabe se se Tlhomologileng mo Setsong le mo Boitlhameding go tswa kwa Sekolong se setona ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Palmer |first=Nadine |date=17 May 2024 |title=Hollywood actor Damson Idris returns to campus to collect Alumni Award |url=https://www.brunel.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/articles/Hollywood-actor-Damson-Idris-returns-to-campus-to-collect-Alumni-Award |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Brunel University London}}</ref> Fa a sena go aloga, Idris o ne a tswelela ka katiso ya gagwe kwa sekolong sa [[:en:Identity_School_of_Acting|Identity School of Actin]]<nowiki/>g kwa Lontone mmogo le John Boyega, Letitia Wright, le Malachi Kirby .  == Tiro == Kwa Brunel, Idris o ne a kopana le modiragatsi Cathy Tyson, yo o neng a mo rotloetsa go kopana le Ade Solanke le go tlhatlhoba go nna le seabe mo motshamekong wa gagwe, ''Pandora's Box'' . O ne a bona seabe, a baa monwana tumalano le moemedi mme a simolola go diragatsa mo metshamekong e mengwe. Fa Idris a sena go diragatsa kwa Royal National Theatre kwa Lontone, o ne a tsaa tshwetso ya gore a nne le dikarolo tsa setshwantsho sa motshikinyego le tsa difilimi. O ne gape a na le dikarolo di le mmalwa mo motseletseleng wa Borithane go akaretsa le ''[[:en:Miranda_(TV_series)|Miranda]]'' (2013), ''[[:en:Doctors_(2000_TV_series)|Doctors]]''(2015) le ''[[:en:Casualty_(TV_series)|Casualty]]''(2015). <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2020-07-02 |title=Profile: Damson Idris (1991-) |url=https://blackartstory.org/2020/07/02/profile-damson-idris-1991/ |access-date=2026-08-25 |website=Black Art Story |language=en}}</ref> Seabe sa ga Idris se se tlhomologileng ke sa ga Franklin Saint, morekisi wa ditagi wa dingwaga di le lesome le borobabongwe yo o nang le maikaelelo a a kwa godimo kwa Los Angeles, mo motshamekong wa bokebekwa ya [[:en:FX_(TV_channel)|FX]] ya [[:en:Snowfall_(TV_series)|''Snowfall'',]] e e neng ya bontshiwa lekgetlo la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017). Paka ya ntlha ya ''Snowfall'' — e e beilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro (1983) fa United States e le mo kotsing ya leroborobo la [[:en:Crack_cocaine|crack cocaine]] — e loga mmogo dikgang tsa badiragatsi ba le mmalwa ba matshelo a bone a tlhakatlhakaneng ka ntlha ya ditsgi. Idris o ne a ipapatsa ka bidio kwa Lontone pele ga a tsamaya ka sefofane go ya kwa Los Angeles, kwa a neng a fetsa letsatsi le John Singleton, yo o neng a batla go tlhomamisa gore Idris o kgona go bua sentle. Go ikatisetsa puo ya gagwe ya Seamerika o ne a dira le moopedi wa mmino wa repe e bong [[:en:WC_(rapper)|WC,]] yo o neng a mo ruta mekgwa e e tlwaelegileng ya Borwa bogare jwaLos Angeles . Idris o ne a bona ditlhatlhobo tse di maatla ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe; Malcolm Venable wa ''[[:en:TV_Guide|TV Guide]]'' o ne a mmitsa "yo o kgatlhang." Motseletsele wa bobedi wa ''Snowfall'', o o neng wa supiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984), o ne wa supiwa la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018). <ref name="latimes2018" /> Idris o nnile le seabe sa gagwe sa ntlha sa motshameko ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016) mo motshamekong o o tlhotlheletsang ya Borithane wa ''[[:en:City_of_Tiny_Lights|City of Tiny Lights]]'', o o neng o tshamekiwa ke [[:en:Riz_Ahmed|Riz Ahmed]] .  Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), o ne a dira motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha wa Amerika mo go ''Megan Leavey'' mmogo le Kate Mara, yo o tshamekang karolo ya moanelwamogolo mo motshamekong wa ntwa e e nang le leina leo. Gape Idris o tshameka karolo ya go nna moemedi wa FBI mo motshamekong wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) ya [[:en:The_Commuter_(film)|''The Commuter'']] le Liam Neeson ; mme o ne a tshameka mo motshamekong wa [[:en:Farming_(film)|Farming]], o e leng kgang e e kwadilweng ka ikwadiso ya modiragatsi wa Monigeria le Moboritane e bong Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, yo o neng a kaela motshameko ong . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Kate Beckinsale, Damson Idris & Gugu Mbatha-Raw To Star In 'Farming' – Cannes|url=https://deadline.com/2017/05/kate-beckinsale-damson-idris-gugu-mbatha-raw-farming-cannes-1202085442/|date=5 May 2017}}</ref> Idris o tshameka moanelwa yo o ikaegileng ka Akinnuoye-Agbaje, yo, batho ba le bantsi ba Nigeria kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la dingwaga la bo masome a mabedi, a neng a "lemisiwa" kwa lelapeng la batho basweu kwa UK ka tsholofelo ya botshelo jo bo botoka, fa Kate Beckinsale ene a tshwantsha mmaagwe yo o gagametseng yo o mo godisitseng. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Idris o ne a gapa Seetsele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang mo Filiming ya Borithane kwa Moletlong wa Difilimi wa Edinburgh ka ntlha ya go tshameka ga gagwe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2019 |title=Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje's 'Farming' Wins at Edinburgh International Film Festival |url=https://variety.com/2019/film/news/adewale-akinnuoye-agbaje-farming-wins-at-edinburgh-international-film-festival-damson-idris-1203255567/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=British-Nigerian Actor, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje Is Making A Movie Based on His Childhood|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/british-nigerian-actor-adewale-akinnuoye-agbaje-making-movie-based-his-childhood/|date=6 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618044014/http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/british-nigerian-actor-adewale-akinnuoye-agbaje-making-movie-based-his-childhood/|archivedate=18 June 2017|access-date=4 October 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Cannes: Kate Beckinsale, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Damson Idris to Star in 'Farming'|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cannes-kate-beckinsale-gugu-mbatha-raw-damson-idris-star-farming-1000577|date=5 May 2017}}</ref> Gape o tlhagelela mo " [[:en:Smithereens_(Black_Mirror)|Smithereens]] ", e leng kgaolo ya bobedi ya setlha sa botlhano sa motseletsele wa dibuka tsa ''[[:en:Black_Mirror|Black Mirror]]'' . <ref name="latimes2018" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), Idris o ne a gapa seetselesa sa [[:en:Screen_Nation_Film_and_Television_Awards|Screen Nation film anf Televison A wards]] kwa Lontone. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Award season: The 12th annual Screen Nation Awards|url=http://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/award-season-12th-annual-screen-nation-awards|access-date=10 June 2017|work=Your Voice|date=8 May 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622201116/http://voice-online.co.uk/article/award-season-12th-annual-screen-nation-awards|archivedate=22 June 2017}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Idris o ne a tshameka mmogo le ene mo filiming ya ditlhamane ya saense ya [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]] ya [[:en:Outside_the_Wire|''Outside the Wire'']] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=N'duka |first=Amanda |date=July 17, 2019 |title='Snowfall' Star Damson Idris Set As Co-Lead Opposite Anthony Mackie In Netflix Film 'Outside the Wire'; Emily Beecham Also Cast |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/damson-idris-emily-beecham-anthony-mackie-outside-the-wire-netflix-1202648094/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112034548/https://deadline.com/2019/07/damson-idris-emily-beecham-anthony-mackie-outside-the-wire-netflix-1202648094/ |archive-date=January 12, 2021 |access-date=December 13, 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), o ne a nna moemedi wa letshwao la kgwebo la diaparo tsa banna tsa [[:en:Tommy_Hilfiger_(company)|Tommy Hilfiger]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2023 |title=Tommy Hilfiger Announces Damson Idris as Menswear Brand Ambassador |url=https://vmagazine.com/article/tommy-hilfiger-announces-damson-idris-as-menswear-brand-ambassador/ |access-date=27 November 2023 |website=V Magazine}}</ref> Idris o tlhageletse mo matsholong a le mmalwa a letshwao a kgwebo la [[:en:Prada|Prada]] jaaka moemedi wa letshwao la kgwebo la bone <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carrera |first=Martino |date=2024-07-18 |title=Miranda July Scripted Prada's Fall 2024 Ad Campaign, Starring Hunter Schafer, Damson Idris and More |url=https://wwd.com/business-news/media/hunter-schafer-damson-idris-miranda-july-scripted-fall-2024-prada-ads-1236495082/ |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=WWD |language=en-US}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), o ne a tshameka mo ''[[:en:F1_(film)|F1]]'', filimi e e amanang le mabelo a [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kroll |first=Justin |date=April 7, 2023 |title=''Snowfall'' Star Damson Idris Lands Coveted Role Opposite Brad Pitt In Apple's F1 Racing Film |url=https://deadline.com/2023/04/snowfall-damson-idris-brad-pitt-apple-f1-racing-1235262919/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722153719/https://deadline.com/2023/04/snowfall-damson-idris-brad-pitt-apple-f1-racing-1235262919/ |archive-date=July 22, 2023 |access-date=April 7, 2023 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Moragonyana filimi eno e ne ya tlhophiwa go bona seetsele sa [[:en:Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture|Academy Award for Best Picture.]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 98th Academy Awards {{!}} (2026) |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208212003/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2026 |archive-date=February 8, 2026 |access-date=January 22, 2026 |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]]}}</ref> Moragonyana o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moemedi wa letshwao la kgwebo la lefatshe lotlhe la motshameko ono mo ngwageng o o latelang. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mee |first=Lydia |date=25 February 2026 |title=&quot;F1&quot; movie star Damson Idris becomes Formula 1 global brand ambassador |url=https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/f1-movie-star-damson-idris-becomes-formula-1-global-brand-ambassador/10800317/ |access-date=26 February 2026 |website=[[Motorsport.com]] |language=}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), go ne ga dirwa kitsiso ya gore Idris o tla bo a kopanela le [[Thuso Mbedu]], Amandla Stenberg, le Tosin Cole mo polelong ya ''[[:en:Children_of_Blood_and_Bone_(film)|Children of Blood and Bone]]''. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gajewski |first=Ryan |date=2025-01-22 |title=Gina Prince-Bythewood's 'Children of Blood and Bone' Sets Cast and Release Date for Paramount |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/children-of-blood-and-bone-gina-prince-bythewood-paramount-1236115160/ |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Children of Blood and Bone': Everything We Know About the Star-Studded Movie Adaptation (Including Which Oscar-Winning Actors Are Rounding Out the Cast!) |url=https://people.com/children-of-blood-and-bone-everything-to-know-8780380 |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=People.com |language=en}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), go ne ga dirwa kitsiso ya gore Idris o tla tshameka le Anamaria Vartolomei mo filiming e e tlang ya [[:en:Miles_&_Juliette|''Miles & Juliette'',]] e e kaelwang ke Bill Pohlad . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Keslassy|first=Elsa|date=2025-05-12|title=Damson Idris, Anamaria Vartolomei to Star as Miles Davis and Juliette Greco in Mick Jagger-Produced 'Miles & Juliette'|url=https://variety.com/2025/film/global/damson-idris-anamaria-vartolomei-mick-jagger-miles-juliette-1236394065/|access-date=2025-05-17}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Idris o ne a simolola DIDRIS, e leng letshwao la kgwebo la mabenyane a mantle. O tlhagisitse mola ono kwa Met Gala ya nwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) mme o rile o tlhotlheleditswe ke mmaagwe, Silifat Idris. <ref name="PeopleDidris2025">{{Cite web |last=Santino |first=Catherine |date=6 May 2025 |title=Damson Idris Went from 'Stealing' His Mom's Jewelry to Debuting His Luxury Brand at the 2025 Met Gala (Exclusive) |url=https://people.com/damson-idris-inspiration-behind-jewelry-collection-debuted-at-2025-met-gala-exclusive-11729171 |access-date=4 March 2026 |website=People}}</ref> <ref name="InStyleDidris2025">{{Cite web |last=Huynh |first=Kevin |date=2 July 2025 |title='F1' Star Damson Idris Shares Why Fast Cars and Fine Jewelry Fuel His Passion and Influence His Style |url=https://www.instyle.com/f1-damson-idris-style-11765774 |access-date=4 March 2026 |website=InStyle}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Idris o simolotse go ratana [[Lori Harvey|le Lori Harvey]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022). Dikgang di ne tsa phatlalala gore bobedi jo bo kgaogane ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, mme ba ne ba bonwa kgapetsakgapetsa morago ga gore dipego di tlhagelele. Bobedi joo bo ne jwa boelana mmogo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) pele ga ba kgaogana gape ka Moranang 2026. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2023-11-08|title=Damson Idris and Lori Harvey split to focus on own lives|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-67358159|access-date=2025-12-05}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abraham |first=Mya |date=2025-09-22 |title=Lori Harvey, Damson Idris Reunite For Baecation Nearly Two Years After Public Split |url=https://www.vibe.com/news/entertainment/lori-harvey-damson-idris-baecation-two-years-breakup-1235124787/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=VIBE.com |language=en-US}}</ref> === Setshwantsho sa Motshikinyego === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Role !Notes |- |2013 |''Miranda'' |Commuter |Episode: "A Brief Encounter" |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Casualty'' |Leon James |Episode: "Heart Over Head" |- |''Doctors'' |Krispin Northcote |Episode: "Surrogate Dad" |- |2017–2023 |''Snowfall'' |Franklin Saint |Main cast |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''The Twilight Zone'' |Dorian Harrison |Episode: "Replay" |- |''Black Mirror'' |Jaden Tommins |Episode: "Smithereens" |- |2023 |''Swarm'' |Khalid |Episode: "Stung" |} === Bobogelo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !ear !Title !Role !Theatre !Playwright |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''Khadija Is 18'' |Sam |Finborough Theatre |Shamser Sinha |- |''Pandora's Box'' |Tope |Arcola Theatre |Ade Solanke |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Ghost Town'' |Joe<ref name="ghosttown2" /> |Pilot Theatre |Jessica Fisher |- |''The DugOut'' |Leo |Tobacco Factory Theatre |Amanda Whittington |- |2014 |''Hotel'' |Other |Royal National Theatre |Polly Stenham |} == Dietsele == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Nominated work !Result !Ref. |- |2017 |Screen Nation Film and Television Awards |Emerging Talent Award| {{N/A}}|{{Won|Won}} | |- |2019 |Edinburgh International Film Festival |Best Performance in a British Feature Film |''Farming''|{{Won|Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |MOBO Awards |Best Performance in a TV Show/Film | rowspan="11" |''Snowfall''|{{Nom|Nominated}} | |- |BET Awards |Best Actor|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |NAACP Image Awards |Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series|{{Nom|Nominated}} | |- |BET Awards |Best Actor|{{nom}} |<ref name=":0" /> |- | rowspan="3" |2023 |NAACP Image Awards |Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series|{{Nom|Nominated}} | |- |BET Awards |Best Actor|{{Won|Won}} |<ref name=":0" /> |- |Celebration of Cinema and Television |Actor (TV)|{{Won|Won}} | |- | rowspan="5" |2024 |Black Reel Awards |Outstanding Lead Performance in a Drama Series|{{Won|Won}} | |- |MOBO Awards |Best Performance in a TV Show/Film|{{Won|Won}} | |- |BET Awards |Best Actor|{{Nom|Nominated}} | |- | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Awards |Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series|{{Won|Won}} | rowspan="2" | |- |Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Television Movie, Limited-Series or Dramatic Special |''Swarm''|{{Nom|Nominated}} |- |2025 |Celebration of Cinema and Television |Supporting Actor Award (Film) | rowspan="6" |''F1''|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="5" |2026 |African-American Film Critics Association |Best Supporting Actor|{{Won}} | |- |BET Awards |Best Actor|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |Black Reel Awards |Best Breakthrough Performance|{{nom}} | |- |Outstanding Supporting Performance|{{nom}} | |- |Image Awards |Outstanding Supporting Performance in a Motion Picture|{{nom}} | |} == References == <references responsive="1"></references> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] oz0r2wqwbla8tcpizq91d3y3pxyw3tu Iyana Halley 0 15509 56975 56312 2026-11-02T05:44:57Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Iyana Halley | image = | caption = | birth_date = 27 Ferikgong 1993 | birth_place = Brooklyn, New York City | nationality = | occupation = Motshameki wa difilimi | known_for = | years_active = 2013- le jaana }}'''Iyana Halley''' (o tshotswe ka di 27 Ferikgong 1993) ke motshameki wa mo Amerika. O ne a tlhagelela mo difiliming tsa [[True to the Game]] (2017) le tse di latelang, [[If Not Now, When?]] (2019), Dutch (2021), [[Licorice Pizza]] (2021) le [[Beast]] (2022). == Early life, family and education == Halley o belegwe kwa [[Brooklyn]], [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 19, 2022 |title=Brooklyn's Iyana Halley goes up against a 'Beast' in her new movie |url=https://pix11.com/news/morning/brooklyns-iyana-halley-goes-up-against-a-beast-in-her-new-movie/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=pix11.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408115002/https://pix11.com/news/morning/brooklyns-iyana-halley-goes-up-against-a-beast-in-her-new-movie/ |archive-date=2024-04-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Career == Halley o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ka go tlhagelela mo mananeong a thelebišene a Justice for All le Moatlhodi Cristina Perez, Tosh.0, [[Family Time]] le [[The Mayor]]. O ne a tlhagelela la ntlha mo thelebisheneng e kgolo ka filimi ya terama ya [[True to the Game]] (2017) mme moragonyana a boeletsa karolo ya gagwe mo go tse di latelang (2020 le 2021).<ref>{{Cite web |title=True to the Game 2 is now streaming! |url=https://truetothegame2.com/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=True to the Game 2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Desai |first=Ananya |date=June 27, 2023 |title=True To The Game 3 Cast & Character Guide |url=https://screenrant.com/true-to-the-game-3-cast-character-guide/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=ScreenRant}}</ref> Ka 2018 o ne a tlhagisiwa mo kgaolong ya bofelo ya HBO miniseries [[Sharp Objects]] mme morago a tshameka karolo ya motshameko wa filimi [[If Not Now, When?]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Muir |first=Nathaniel |date=September 6, 2018 |title=Iyana Halley of 'Sharp Objects' on her passion for acting, keeping busy, and THAT ending |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2018/09/06/iyana-halley-of-sharp-objects-on-her-passion-for-acting-keeping-busy-and-that-ending/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=aiptcomics.com |publisher=AIPT}}</ref> Ka 2019 o ne a tlhagelela mo miniseries ya I Am the Night mme a tshameka karolo ya HBO anthology series, [[Room 104]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=July 24, 2019 |title='Room 104' Season 3 Gets September Premiere Date On HBO |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/room-104-season-3-premiere-date-hbo-jay-duplass-mark-duplass-1202652891/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> Gape o ne a tlhagelela mo difiliming tsa [[The Hate U Give]] (2018), Nineteen Summers (2019), [[Dutch]] (2021), Between Forever (2021) [[le Licorice Pizza]] (2021) Ka ngwaga wa 2022, Halley o ne a tshameka karolo e kgolo mo filiming ya Wayward,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 14, 2022 |title=Wayward |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/wayward |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}}</ref> mme a tshameka le [[Idris Elba]] mo filiming ya survival action horror [[Beast]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=June 2, 2021 |title=Idris Elba Universal Thriller 'Beast' Adds Trio, Production Starts In South Africa |url=https://deadline.com/2021/06/idris-elba-beast-sharlto-copley-iyana-halley-leah-sava-jeffries-cast-1234767598/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 24, 2022 |title=Iyana Halley Talks Getting Her Big Break In 'Beast' Alongside Idris Elba |url=https://www.essence.com/celebrity/iyana-halley-beast/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Essence}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hollywood's Newest IT Girl, Iyana Halley |url=https://www.theofficialblackmagazine.com/iyana-halley/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=theofficialblackmagazine.com}}</ref> E ne ya amogela dikakgelo tse di farologaneng go ya go tse di siameng go tswa go batshwayadiphoso le go thunya kwa ofising ya mabokoso..<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 19, 2022 |title=Beast |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/beast_2022 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Rotten Tomatoes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Clayton |date=August 17, 2022 |title=Young Black Women Roar in Idris Elba and Will Packer's 'Beast': 'We're Leading a Movie and It's Not Anything Degrading' |url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/idris-elba-beast-black-actors-roles-degrading-1235343634/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety.com]]}}</ref> Mo thelebišeneng, o ne a nna le seabe mo terameng ya NBC [[This Is Us]] mme a tshameka mo dikgaolong di le pedi tsa motshameko wa ABC wa [[Abbott Elementary]] jaaka morwadia motho wa ga [[Sheryl Lee Ralph]]. Ka ngwaga wa 2022, o ne a nna moeng mo go [[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit]] mme morago a nna le seabe mo go [[Good Trouble]] le [[All American: Homecoming]]. Ka 2023, o ne a tshameka mo BET+ miniseries, Angel, mme o ne a tshameka le [[Garcelle Beauvais]] mo filiming ya thelebišene ya [[Lifetime]] ya Black Girl Missing mo seriting sa setlhogo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 6, 2023 |title='Black Girl Missing' dramatizes the toll of missing white woman syndrome |url=https://blackandmissinginc.com/black-girl-missing-dramatizes-the-toll-of-missing-white-woman-syndrome/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=blackandmissinginc.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Simon |first=Jordan |title='Black Girl Missing': Garcelle Beauvais To Star In New Lifetime Film That Centers On Treatment Of Missing Black Women |url=https://blavity.com/entertainment/black-girl-missing-garcelle-beauvais-to-star-in-new-lifetime-film-that-centers-on-treatment-of-missing-black-women |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Blavity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rice |first=Lynette |date=January 25, 2023 |title=Garcelle Beauvais To Headline 'Black Girl Missing' For Lifetime in March |url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/garcelle-beauvais-black-girl-missing-lifetime-march-premiere-1235241169/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> Ka 2024 o ne a tshameka e le motshameki wa botlhokwa mo filiming ya film ''One Night Stay''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Zac |last2=Ntim |first2=Andreas |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Stephen Bishop, LeToya Luckett & Iyana Halley Lead BET+ Thriller 'One Night Stay,' First Look Revealed |url=https://deadline.com/2024/01/stephen-bishop-letoya-luckett-iyana-halley-bet-one-night-stay-first-look-1235693656/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Difilimi tsa gawe == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;" !Ngwaga !Sethogo !Karolo !Dinopolo |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''Sins of the Father'' |Casey |Short |- |''True to the Game'' |Bria | |- |2018 |''The Hate U Give'' |Bianca | |- | rowspan="4" |2019 |''Skin in the Game'' |Runway | |- |''Best of Life'' |Hope Best |Short |- |''Nineteen Summers'' |Young Porsha | |- |''If Not Now, When?'' |Teenage Patrice | |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Numb'' |Tiana |Short |- |''Gone'' |Alli |Short |- |''True to the Game 2'' |Bria | |- | rowspan="6" |2021 |''Black Prom'' |Dahlia |Short |- |''Dutch'' |Sam | |- |''Between Forever'' |Gigi | |- |''Real Talk'' |Theresa | |- |''Licorice Pizza'' |Brenda | |- |''True to the Game 3'' |Bria | |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |''Wayward'' |Dawn | |- |''Beast'' |Meredith Samuels | |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Black Girl Missing'' |Lauren | |- |''Rock the Boat'' |Sommer | |- | rowspan="2" |2024 |''One Night Stay'' |Jessica | |- |''Rock the Boat 2'' |Sommer | |- |2025 |''Aftershock: The Nicole P Bell Story'' |Tila |Post-production |} == Metswedi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] a3it7nmqzaawr21qyw8d8devzim0gwv Mildred Christina Akosiwor Fugar 0 15542 56988 56398 2026-11-02T09:37:26Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Mildred Christina Akosiwor Fugar|birth_date=Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa 1938|birth_place=Luluabourg, [[Belgian Congo]]|death_date=Seetebosigo a robabongwe ngwaga wa 2005|othername=Mildred Ankrah|known for=Mmatautona wa kwa Ghana|spouse=[[Joseph Arthur Ankrah]]}} '''Mildred Christina Akosiwor Fugar''' o o itsegeng gape ka leina la '''Mildred Ankrah''' ( o tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le borobabobedi a tlhokafala ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano) e ne e le mohumagadi wa ga [[Joseph Arthir Ankrah]]. O goletse kwa [[Belgian Congo]] le [[Gold Coast]]. Morago ga gore monna wa gagwe a tlhatloge maemo ka thankgolo puso ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro, o ne a nna le seabe mo tirong ya sedumedi le tsa selegae. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Fugar o tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le borobabobedi kwa Luluabourg, Belgian Congo (kwa e leng Kananga, [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]); e le ngwana wa ga Benoni Kwaku Fugar, wa mo Ghana, le Pauline Isombe Edembe Fugar, wa kwa Congo. E ne e le ngwana wa bone mo go ba basupa. Fugar o simolotse sekolo kwa Keta  Roman Catholic Convent kwa Gold Coast (kwa e leng Ghana gompieno), gape e le kwa a feleditseng dithuto tsa gagwe tsa legare ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa. O ne a ya go tsweledisa kwa Universal Commercial College (UCC), Somanya. Mildred o simolotse go bereka kwa lephateng la kgobokanyo madi a setshaba la Ghana le gompieno le bidiwang Ghana Internal Revenue Service, morago ga go atlega mo go fetseng dithuto tsa gagwe kwa UCC.<ref name=":1">[https://www.modernghana.com/news/124760/wives-of-military-rulers.html "Wives of Military Rulers".] 28 February 2007. Retrieved 7 October, 2026</ref> O ne a kopana le Joseph Arthur Ankrah lantlha ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bobedi morago ga gore motsalwa le ene ebong Florence  a ye Burma Camp go bereka le sesole sa Ghana. Florence o ne a bona baeteledipele ba sesole ba le babedi a ba kopa go mo isa kwa mogolwaneng wa bone gore a ise ikopelo tiro ya gagwe. Ankrah o ne a mo kgatlhegela mo a neng a mmuledisa go boela gae kwa lolwapeng lwa gaabo, kwa a neng a kopana le Mildred. Ba ne ba beeletsana ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le botlhano morago ba nyalana.<ref name=":1" /> Morago ga thankgolo puso e e neng ya baka phetogo ya puso ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro, le go tlhatloga maemo ga ga Ankrah go nna tautona wa Ghana le modulasetilo wa khansele ya National Liberation<ref>Poku, Amma Fosuah (24 February 2012). [https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/This-Day-In-History-24th-February-1966-230574 "This Day In History: 24th February 1966".] ''GhanaWeb''. Retrieved 7 October 2026</ref><ref>[[:en:Akwasi_Afrifa|Afrifa, A. A.]] (1966). ''[https://ugspace.ug.edu.ghhandle/123456789/36107 The Ghana Coup - 24th February 1966]''. Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.</ref>, Fugar o ne a nna mmatautona. O ne a nna matlhagatlhaga mo tirong ya selegae le tumelo.<ref name=":1" /> == Loso == Mildred o tlhokafetse ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano. O ne a bolokwa ngwaga one oo ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe kwa mabitleng a Osu kwa Accra.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20260223010449/https://alt.obituaries.narkive.com/0EiWPcRS/mildred-ankrah-ex-first-lady-of-ghana Mildred Ankrah, Ex-First Lady of Ghana".] Newsgroup:&nbsp;alt.obituaries.narkive.com. 11 June 2005. Retrieved 7 October 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == mao2aao366sgopwldh3tktec6d9qv4r Kofi Abrefa Busia 0 15554 56979 56419 2026-11-02T06:54:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 56979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Kofi Abrefa Busia|image=Kofi Busia - John Agyekum Kufuor and photo of Kofi Busia (cropped).jpg|office=Tonakgolo wa bobedi wa Ghana|office1=Moeteledipele wa sepolotiki|term_start=Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa 1969|term_end=Firkgonga le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 1972|term_start1=Phatwe a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 1970|term_end1=Firikgonga le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 1972|president=[[Akwasi Afrifa]] [[Raphael Nii Amaa Ollennu]] [[Edward Akufo-Addo]]|president1=[[Raphael Nii Amaa Ollennu]] [[Edward Akufo-Addo]]|predecessor=Ofisi e tlhamiwa gape; [[Kwame Nkrumah]] (ngwaga wa 1957)|predecessor1=[[Akwasi Afrifa]] (e le modulasetilo wa Presidential Commission)|successor1=[[Ignatius Kutu Acheampong]] (e le modulasetilo wa Redemption Council)|birth_date=Phukwi a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa 1913|birth_place=Wenchi, Gold Coast|death_date=Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1978|death_place=Oxford, England|party=Progress Party|spouse=Naa Morkor Busia (go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1924 go tsena 2010)|children=barobabobedi ba akaretsa Abna le Akosua|education=Methodist School, wenchi Mfantsipim School, Cape Coast wesley College, Kumasi Achimota College|alma_mater=University of London University College, Oxford nUFFIELD cOLLEGE, OXFORD|profession=Morutintshi}} '''Kofi Abrefa Busia''' (o o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe lesome le boraro a tlhokafala ka Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi)<ref>[https://www.eaumf.org/ejm-blog/2017/8/28/august-28-1978-prime-minister-of-2nd-republic-dr-kofi-abrefa-busia-dies-in-london "August 28, 1978: Prime Minister of 2nd Republic Dr. Kofi Abrefa Busia Dies in London".] ''Edward A. Ulzen Memorial Foundation''. 28 August 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2026</ref> e ne e le moeteledipele wa sepolotiki gape e le morutintshi o e neng e le tonakgolo wa lefatshe la Ghana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi. Fa a le moeteledipele le tonakgolo, o ne a thusa go busetsa puso ya batho ka batho kwa lefatsheng morago ga puso ya sesole.<ref name=":1">Martin, G. (23 December 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200611034655/https://books.google.com/books?id=rqYEhtONIBgC ''African Political Thought''.] Springer. [https://books.google.com/books?id=rqYEhtONIBgC ISBN]&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781137062055|9781137062055]]</bdi>. Archived from [https://books.google.com/books?id=rqYEhtONIBgC the original] on 11 June 2020.</ref> O ne a thankgolwa ke sesole ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi.<ref>Lyons, Terrence (1997). [[doi:10.1353/jod.1997.0019|"Ghana's Encouraging Elections: A Major Step Forward"]]. ''Journal of Democracy''. '''8''' (2): 65–77. doi:[[doi:10.1353/jod.1997.0019|10.1353/jod.1997.0019]]. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1086-3214 1086-3214].</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Busia o tsholetswe kwa Wenchi, motse setoropo wa kwa kgaolong ya Brong Ahafo (kwa e leng kgaolo ya Bono ka jaana).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190904041412/https://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2019/February-15th/brong-ahafo-to-be-known-as-bono-region.php "Brong Ahafo to be known as Bono Region - MyJoyOnline.com".] ''myjoyonline.com''. 4 September 2019. Archived from [https://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2019/February-15th/brong-ahafo-to-be-known-as-bono-region.php the original] on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2026</ref> Wenchi jaanong ke kgaolo ya Bono.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=122 "Dr Kofi Abrefa Busia, Ex-Prime Minister: 1969 – 1972".] ghanaweb.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161006020000/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=122 Archived] from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2026.</ref> O tsene sekolo sa kereke ya Methodist kwa wenchi sa Mfantsipim School kwa Cape Coast, a ya kwa Wesley College kwa Kumasi go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le motso go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le bobedi. O rutile kwa Wesley College a tlogela go ya go tsweledisa dithuto kwa Achimota College ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le botlhano a ruta teng. O alogile ka degree ya gagwe ya ntlha ya ditso tsa metlha ya bogologolo le tsa sesha go tswa kwa sekolong sa ithutelo ditiro sa University of London, ka mekwalo ya nako eo. O ne a ya go tsweledisa dithuto kwa University College kwa Oxford.<ref>[[:en:University_College,_Oxford#University_College_Record|"Dr. K. A. Busia".]] ''University College Record''. Vol.&nbsp;VII, no.&nbsp;5. 1979. pp.&nbsp;283–286.</ref> O ne a boela kwa Gold Coast ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le bobedi.<ref name=":2">Lentz, Harris M. (4 February 2014). ''[https://www.google.com/sorry/index?continue=https://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DD6HKAgAAQBAJ%26q%3DKofi%2BAbrefa%2BBusia%2Bborn%26pg%3DPA320&q=EgTEAgL8GJeimdYGIi2-sCZ-65cieJ9UTwxZJU6u9LA27JU9edJppP_NDifbQmw2rOaMXcpxizOirz8yAnJSWgFD Heads of States and Governments Since 1945]''. Routledge. p.&nbsp;320. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-134-26490-2|&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-134-26490-2</bdi>.]]</ref> O ne a dira BA (hons) ya Philosophy, polotiki le itsholelo (ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le motso, MA ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le borataro) le DPhil ya Social Anthropology ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le bosupa kwa Nuffield College, kwa Oxford, ka thuto tshekatsheko ya setlhogo sa "The position of the chief in the modern political system of Ashanti: a study of the influence of the contemporary social changes on Ashanti political institutions". E ne e le moithuti o o fiwang dithuso tsa madi ke Fulbright ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bone.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment |title="Fulbright Notable Alumni: Heads of State/Government". |access-date=2026-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721184026/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment |archive-date=2019-07-21 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tiro ya polotiki == Busia o berekile e le molaodi wa kgaolo go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le bobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le borobabongwe, a thapilwe e le morutintshi wa dithuto tsa Aforika. O ne a nna mo Aforika wa ntlha go berekela kwa University College kwa Gold Coast (kwa e leng University of Ghana gompieno). Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le motso, o ne a tlhophiwa ke Ashanti Confederacy go ya kwa khanseleng ya molao. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bobedi, e ne e le moeteledipele wa Ghana Congress Party, e morago e neng ya kopana le diphathi tse dingwe tsa kganetso go tlhama United Party (UP).<ref>Ofori, Bernard (27 October 2023). [https://gharticles.com/biography-of-dr-kofi-abrefa-busia/ "Biography of Dr Kofi Abrefa Busia"]. ''GhArticles.com''. Retrieved October 7, 2026.</ref> Fa a le moeteledipele wa kganetso kgatlhanong le [[Kwame Nkrumah]], o ne a tshaba mo lefatsheng leo ka mabaka a gore botshelo jwa gagwe bo ne bo le mo diphatseng. ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le borobabongwe, Busia o ne a nna moporofesa wa Sociology le ngwao ya Aforika kwa University of Leiden gaufi le the Hague, kwa Netherlands. Go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe, e ne e le mmereki o o mo katisong kwa St. Antony's College kwa Oxford. O ne a boela kwa Ghana ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro, morago ga puso ya ga Nkrumah e sena go thankgolwa ke sesole, go berekela mo National Liberation Council (NLC) ya ga General Joseph Ankrah, moeteledipele wa lefatshe wa lesole,<ref name=":1" /> o ne a thapiwa go nna modulasetilo wa komiti ya bogakolodi ya NLC. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa kgotsa masome a marataro le borobabobedi, Busia o ne a bereka e le modulasetilo wa Centre for Civic education. o ne a dirisa tshono e go ipapatsa e le moeteledipele o o latelang. E ne gape e le leloko la komiti e e neng e sekaseka molaomotheo. Fa NLC e emisa dikiletso tsa sepolotiki, busia gammogo le mmueledi Sylvester Kofi Williams le ditsala ba ne ba tlhama Progress Party (UP).<ref>[http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Ghana-POLITICAL-PARTIES.html "Ghana:Political Parties".] ''Encyclopaedias of the Nations''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070310061855/http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Ghana-POLITICAL-PARTIES.html Archived] from the original on 10 March 2007. Retrieved 07 October 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe, PP e ne ya fenya ditlhopho tsa palamente lekgolo le botlhano mo go di le lekgolo le masome a mane. Se se ne sa mo tlhagolela tsela go nna tonakgolo o o latelang. Ka ntlha ya go gakologelwa puso ya ga Nkrumah ya kgatelelo, lefatshe le ne la itlhophela tsamaiso ya palamente e tautona e leng motho fela mme dinonofo tsotlhe di neetswe tonakgolo. Ka jalo, fa a le tonakgolo, Busia e ne e le moeteledipele wa polotiki wa kwa Ghana, Edward Akufo-Addo e le tautona. Busia o ne a tswelela ka mokgwa wa NLC wa go nna kgatlhanong le go busa ga ga Nkrumah, mme ba dirisa tsamaiso e e gololesegileng. Go ne ga nna le go busetsa batswakwa ba Nigeria ba le sephatlho sa sedikadike kwa lefatsheng la bone go tswa kwa ghana, le phokotso ya tlhwatlhwa ya ledi la cedi ka masome a mane le bone mo lekgolong ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le motso, mo go neng ga nna le kganetso e ntsi mo setshabeng. Fa a le kwa Britain a ile go tlhola botsogo jwa gagwe, sesole ka fa tlase ga ga Colone Ignatius Kutu Achempong se ne sa thankgola puso ya gagwe ka Firikgong a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi. Busia o ne a nna mo go tshabeng kwa England a boela kwa Oxford University, kwa a neng a tlhokafala ka ntateng ya go lwala pelo ka Phatwe ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi.<ref name=":2" /> Leina la ga Busia le amanngwa le tshwanelo ya polotiki kwa Ghana, ga mmogo le J.B Danquah le S.D Dombo. New Patriotic Party e ipolela ka Danquah-Busia kwa Fourth republci. == Dipadi == * ''The Position of the Chief in the Modern Political System of Ashanti''. London, 1951 * ''The Sociology and Culture of Africa''. Leiden, 1960<ref>Busia, K.A. (1960). [https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/33398 "The sociology and culture of Africa: its nature and scope (Inaugural lecture)".] Netherlands: [[:en:Leiden_University|Leiden University]]. Retrieved 7 October 2026</ref> * ''The Challenge of Africa''. New York, 1962 * ''Purposeful education for Africa''. The Hague, 1964 * ''Urban Churches in Britain''. London, 1966 * ''Africa in Search of Democracy''. London, 1967 == Metswedi == 8v433c6djf010jh6zuh797emvj42ka5