Wikipedia twwiki https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratafa_Titiriw MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.22 first-letter Media Soronko Nkitahode Dwumadini Dwumadini nkitahode Wikipedia Wikipedia nkitahode File File nkitahode MediaWiki MediaWiki nkitahode Nhwɛsoɔ Nhwɛsoɔ nkitahode Mmoa Mmoa nkitahode Nkyekyεmu Nkyekyεmu nkitahode TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk Wikipedia:Community Portal 4 1598 132657 132473 2022-07-28T19:28:51Z Zuz (WMF) 11104 /* Vote for Election Compass Statements */ wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ * '''tw:''' * '''en:''' Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on this page. This wiki uses the [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]], and allows [[m:bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] and [[m:bot policy#Automatic_approval|automatic approval of certain types of bots]]. Other bots should apply below, and then [[m:Steward requests/Bot status|request access]] from a steward if there is no objection. == Covid response project == Dear User Group, My name is Papakow Baiden and I am writing to inform you about a project we are working on here at the Moleskine Foundation. We are gathering a movement of volunteers and professional translators to write the 10 most relevant articles to help spark creative solutions to the pandemic in African languages. So far over 200 volunteers have [http://signed-up https://moleskinefoundation.org/covid-campaign/] to translate the articles into more than 30 languages including Twi, and our published work has been seen over 30k times. We are in need of experienced wikimedians who can a) help with uploading the articles we've received onto Wikipedia (volunteers are currently collaborating on google docs as they’re new to Wiki) and b) if you see content from our project appear in Twi, please engage and help improve the article. Many thanks, Papa --[[User:Papa Baiden|Papa Baiden]] ([[User talk:Papa Baiden|talk]]) 21:38, 14 June 2020 (UTC) ==To the Rescue== My name is Nyarko Rexford. I live in Ghana, and a native [[Akan]] language speaker. I've read most talks on this page. It's true this page of Wikipedia in Twi has been left dormant for a while now. That's over! I wish to gain access to be able to edit the Main pages and other related pages of the tw.wikipedia.com. Help me out, please. Where do I start? Where do I go? How do I gain administrative access? [[User:Nkansahrexford|Nkansahrexford]] 19:23, 9 February 2012 (UTC)nyarko rexford n. :Your contributions to this project consist of 1 edit to your home page, plus this outrageous request for adminship. :Perhaps you should start with a genuine contribution. :[[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[User talk:Varlaam|talk]]) 05:04, 19 August 2013 (UTC) == connectivity project == Hello, my name is Anastasiya Lvova, I'm "duty" in [http://toolserver.org/~lvova/cgi-bin/go.sh?language=tw&interface=en&listby=zns Connectivity project]. The essence of the "Connectivity" project is to study and [http://toolserver.org/~lvova/cgi-bin/go.sh enhance] the coherence of Wikipedia, or, in other words, to improve hypertext navigation between articles. The project deals with deadends, isolated articles, non-categorized articles, transitivity of the category tree, etc. We want to work with your language version, but we need configured MediaWiki:Disambiguationspage for it (with direct links to template namespace pages, for example, [[:ru:MediaWiki:Disambiguationspage]]/[[:de:MediaWiki:Disambiguationspage]]/[[:fr:MediaWiki:Disambiguationspage]]). Is it possible to set it up for our usage? thanks in advance, [[User:Lvova|Lvova]] 18:34, 12 June 2010 (UTC) ==[[Kurów]]== Could they please write a stub http://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kur%C3%B3w - just a few sentences based on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kur%C3%B3w? Only 2 -5 sentences enough. Please. [[:pl:User:Pietras1988|Pietras1988]] 16:48, 20 February 2006 (UTC) : OK. I've create a page now. But I still need someone to expand this.--[[User:Waiwai(2)|Waiwai(2)]] 13:41, 29 August 2008 (UTC) ==Bot flag requests== ===[[User:SieBot|SieBot]]=== Please give a bot bit to [[User:SieBot|SieBot]], so it will not flood your RC as it adds interwiki links using pywikipedia's interwiki.py. [[User:SieBot|SieBot]] is active on about 140 Wikipedias. See the [[User:SieBot|user page]] of the bot for more details, or check a complete overview of its activities [[:nl:Gebruiker:SieBot/Overview|here]]. Cheers! [[User:Siebrand|Siebrand]] ([[:nl:User talk:Siebrand|talk]]) 09:55, 15 August 2007 (UTC) : Already done. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:39:56, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> ===[[User:PipepBot|PipepBot]]=== Hello! I ask for permission to run my interwiki bot [[User:PipepBot|PipepBot]] here, and to get a bot flag for it. * Operator: [[:it:User:Pipep]] * Purpose: Interwiki * Software: Pywikipedia * Has bot flag at: als, am, an, ar, arc, ast, av, az, bat-smg, be, be-x-old, bn, bpy, bs, bug, ca, ce, ceb, co, cs, cu, cv, da, de, eml, en, eo, et, fo, fr, frp, fur, fy, ga, gd, haw, hr, hsb, ht, hu, hy, id, ie, ilo, io, is, ja, ka, kk, ksh, ku, kw, la, lb, li, lij, ln, lt, lv, mi, mk, ml, ms, nap, nds, nds-nl, nn, no, oc, pl, pms, qu, rm, rmy, ro, roa-tara, ru-sib, sc, scn, sco, sh, si, simple, sk, sl, sq, sr, su, sv, te, th, tl, udm, uk, uz, vec, vls, vo, wa, wo, wuu, yi, yo, zea, zh, zh-classical, zh-yue * Details: Interwiki using Pywikipediabot. It mostly runs manually assisted. May run automatically in some cases. Thank you! --[[:it:User:Pipep]] 18:03, 31 August 2007 (UTC) :PipepBot has now bot status. Thank you! [[:it:User:Pipep]] 14:38, 4 October 2007 (UTC) ===[[User:BotMultichill|BotMultichill]]=== Hi, i request a bot bit for [[User:BotMultichill|BotMultichill]]. * Botmaster : [[User:Multichill|Multichill]] * Bot's name : [[User:BotMultichill|BotMultichill]] * List of botflags on others wikipedias: about 100+ atm (see [[meta:User:Multichill]] for the current list) * Purpose: Interwiki (pywikipedia) * Technical details : [[User:BotMultichill|BotMultichill]] is an interwiki bot starting at the [[:nl:Gebruiker:BotMultichill|Dutch wikipedia]]. The bot uses the pywikipedia framework and runs day and night in autonomous mode. Sometimes the bot will run in manual assisted mode to solve interwiki conflicts. [[User:Multichill|Multichill]] 16:09, 6 September 2007 (UTC) : Already done. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:40:49, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> ===[[User:AlleborgoBot|AlleborgoBot]]=== Hi, i request a bot flag for [[User:AlleborgoBot|AlleborgoBot]] *'''Operator''': [[:it:Utente:Alleborgo|Alleborgo]] *'''Automatic or Manually Assisted''': Automatic, in "-autonomous" mode. Sometimes the bot will run in manual assisted mode to solve interwiki conflicts. *'''Programming Language(s)''': Pywikipedia framework daily updated to the last SVN version *'''Function Summary''': interwiki *'''Already has a bot flag in''': ar, am, an, ast, az, bar, bat-smg, bg, br, bn, bpy, bs, ca, ceb, cs, cv, da, de, el, en, eo, es, et, eu, fa, fi, fiu-vro, fr, frp, fy, ga, gl, he, hr, hsb, ht, hu, hy, id, is, it, iu, ja, jv, ka, kk, ksh, ku, lb, li, lmo, ln, lt, lv, mk, mi, ml, mr, ms, mt, nap, nds, nds-nl, nl, nn, no, pl, pms, ps, pt, ro, roa-tara, ru, sco, sh, sk, simple, sl, sq, sr, su, sv, ta, tg, th, to, tr, tt, uk, ur, vec, vi, vls, vo, zh, zh-classical, zh-min-nan, zh-yue. On it.wiki has done more than 65000 edit. Thanks --[[User:AlleborgoBot|AlleborgoBot]] 16:32, 2 November 2007 (UTC) : Already done. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:41:04, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> ===[[User:Idioma-bot|Idioma-bot]]=== Hi, i request a bot status for [[User:Idioma-bot|Idioma-bot]]. * Botmaster : [[:lt:User:Hugo.arg]] * Bot's name : [[User:Idioma-bot|Idioma-bot]] * List of botflags on others wikipedias: >70 (en, es, fr, de, ru, ja, zh, ay, ar, lt...) * Purpose: Interwiki (pywikipedia) daily updated form SVN Thank you! [[:lt:User:Hugo.arg]] ­­­­15:41, 1 February 2008 (UTC) : Already done. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:41:22, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="text-align:left"> ===[[:User:Purbo T|Purbo T]]=== Hi, I'd like to ask for a bot flag for [[:User:Purbo_T|Purbo_T]] <small>([[:Special:Contributions/Purbo T|contribs]])</small> *'''Operator''': [[:User:Purodha]] = [[:ksh:User:Purodha]] (b'crat @ [[:ksh:|ksh]]) *'''Function''': interwiki link maintenance *'''Operation''': manually-assisted, occasionally in automatic or autonomous mode, starting mostly from the [[:ksh:|Wikipedia of Ripuarian languages]] *'''Software:''' [[:meta:pywikipedia|pywikipediabot]] framework updated daily from [http://svn.wikimedia.org/svnroot/pywikipedia/trunk/pywikipedia/ svn] to latest version *'''Already has bot flag on:''' <span class="plainlinks"> [{{fullurl:am:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} am], [{{fullurl:ar:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ar], [{{fullurl:be-x-old:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} be-x-old], [{{fullurl:bn:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} bn], [{{fullurl:bo:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} bo], [{{fullurl:bxr:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} bxr], [{{fullurl:cdo:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} cdo], [{{fullurl:co:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} co], [{{fullurl:crh:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} crh], [{{fullurl:de:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} de], [{{fullurl:dsb:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} dsb], [{{fullurl:dz:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} dz], [{{fullurl:fa:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} fa], [{{fullurl:fr:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} fr], [{{fullurl:gv:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} gv], [{{fullurl:hr:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} hr], [{{fullurl:hsb:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} hsb], [{{fullurl:ht:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ht], [{{fullurl:ig:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ig], [{{fullurl:ja:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ja], [{{fullurl:ksh:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ksh], [{{fullurl:ku:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ku], [{{fullurl:lbe:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} lbe], [{{fullurl:lmo:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} lmo], [{{fullurl:ml:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ml], [{{fullurl:mr:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} mr], [{{fullurl:nds:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} nds], [{{fullurl:nl:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} nl], [{{fullurl:pms:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} pms], [{{fullurl:simple:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} simple], [{{fullurl:stq:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} stq], [{{fullurl:sv:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} sv], [{{fullurl:tg:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} tg], [{{fullurl:ts:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} ts], [{{fullurl:vec:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} vec], [{{fullurl:vi:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} vi], [{{fullurl:vls:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} vls], [{{fullurl:vo:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} vo], [{{fullurl:zea:Special:Userlist|limit=1&username=Purbo_T}} zea], </span> more pending, [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~purodha/sample/dbswithuser.php?usr=Purbo_T cumulated&nbsp;data] (sorry, the [[:m:toolserver|toolserver]] is having technical problems at the moment, so the data is partially not up to date) Thank you! --[[User:Purbo T|Purbo T]] 22:23, 8 February 2008 (UTC) : Already done. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:42:32, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> ===[[User:WOPR|WOPR]]=== * Bot operator: [[User:White Cat]] ([[:Commons:User:White Cat]]) - En-N, Tr-4, Ja-1 * List of botflags on other projects: Bot has a flag on wikimedia (meta,commons) wikipedia (ar, az, de, en, es, et, fr, is, ja, ku, nn, no, ru, sr, tr, uz, simple) (See: [[m:User:White Cat#Bots]]) * Purpose: Interwiki linking, double redirect fixing, commons delinking (for cases where commonsdelinker fails) --<small> [[User:White Cat|Cat]]</small> <sup>[[User talk:White Cat|chi?]]</sup> 12:02, 15 May 2008 (UTC) </div> : Done. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:43:23, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> ===[[User:Synthebot|Synthebot]]=== Dear all, this is to request a bot flag for [[User:Synthebot|Synthebot]]. Its technical information is summarized below. *'''Operator''': [[:en:User:Julian Mendez|Julian Mendez]] *'''Automatic or Manually Assisted''': mostly automatic in autonomous mode; sometimes manually assisted to solve interwiki conflicts *'''Programming Language(s)''': [[:m:Using the python wikipediabot|pywikipedia]] ([http://svn.wikimedia.org/svnroot/pywikipedia/trunk/pywikipedia source code]) *'''Function Summary''': interwiki links *'''Already has a bot flag on''': [{{fullurl:meta:Special:GlobalUsers|group=Global_bot&username=Synthebot&limit=1}} global bot] running on more than [http://toolserver.org/~vvv/sulutil.php?user=Synthebot 200 wikipedias]. Further technical information is available on its [[:ia:User:Synthebot|main page]]. Thank you in advance. Regards, --[[User:Julian Mendez|Julian]] 18:06, 10 December 2008 (UTC) : Not done; a local bot flag is no longer needed. This is a [[m:bot policy|global bot]], and this wiki recently enabled global bots. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:43:59, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> === [[User:HiW-Bot|HiW-Bot]] === * Bot : [[User:HiW-Bot|HiW-Bot]] * Operator : [[:de:Benutzer:Hedwig in Washington|Hedwig in Washington]] * Automatic or Manually Assisted : automatic * Programming Language(s) : Python (pywikipedia), daily update * Function Summary : Interwiki, Internationalization by removing chaos in Babel-Category so it can be used properly and easy. * Already has a bot flag (Y/N) : Yes: 44 Wikis so far, others pending. [http://toolserver.org/~vvv/sulutil.php?user=HiW-Bot see here] * Function Details : just using the standard interwiki.py I humbly request bot status on this wiki in order to update Interwiki, and improve Internationalization by removing chaos in Babel so it can be used properly and easy by everyone. Thank you --[[User:Hedwig in Washington|Hedwig in Washington]] 00:11, 20 September 2011 (UTC) ==Bot policy== Hello. To facilitate [[m:steward|steward]] granting of bot access, I suggest implementing the [[m:Bot policy|standard bot policy]] on this wiki. In particular, this policy allows stewards to automatically flag known interlanguage linking bots (if this page says that is acceptable), which form the vast majority of such requests. The policy also enables [[m:Bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] on this wiki (if this page says that is acceptable), which are trusted bots that will be given bot access on every wiki that allows global bots. This policy makes bot access requesting much easier for local users, operators, and stewards. To implement it we only need to create a redirect to this page from [[Project:Bot policy]], and add a line at the top noting that it is used here. Please read the text at [[m:Bot policy]] before commenting. If you object, please say so; I hope to implement in one week if there is no objection, since it is particularly written to streamline bot requests on wikis with little or no community interested in bot access requests. --[[User:Luckas Blade|Luckas Blade]] 20:53, 2 March 2009 (UTC) : Implemented. —<small>[[m:User:Pathoschild|Pathoschild]] 06:39:18, 13 March 2009 (UTC)</small> == Small request == Hello! I am a Polish wikipedian and I would like to ask you for your help - writing a new article about former Polish President who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 – '''Lech Wałęsa'''. I have looked for his biography in your Wikipedia but without success. Polish Wikipedians will be grateful for your help. Thank you so much in advance! PS you can find the English version of the article '''[[w:en:Lech Wałęsa|here]]'''. Best wishes from Poland, [[User:Patrol110|Patrol110]] 17:00, 26 December 2009 (UTC) ==Closure== Hello. As this wiki is mostly inactive I have proposed its closure; see [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_Twi_Wikipedia this]. Thanks. [[User:Juliancolton|Juliancolton]] 03:01, 16 January 2010 (UTC) ==Wikimania Scholarships== The call for applications for Wikimania Scholarships to attend Wikimania 2010 in Gdansk, Poland (July 9-11) is now open. The Wikimedia Foundation offers Scholarships to pay for selected individuals' round trip travel, accommodations, and registration at the conference. To apply, visit the [[wm2010:Main Page|Wikimania 2010]] [[wm2010:Scholarships|scholarships information page]], click the secure link available there, and fill out the form to apply. For additional information, please visit the Scholarships information and FAQ pages: * [[wm2010:Scholarships|Scholarships]] * [[wm2010:Scholarships/FAQ|Scholarships FAQ]] Yours very truly, [[m:User:Cary Bass|Cary Bass]]</br> Volunteer Coordinator</br> Wikimedia Foundation == Localized logo == Hello! The Wikimedia Foundation recently <span class="plainlinks">[http://blog.wikimedia.org/2010/wikipedia-in-3d/ updated]</span> the official Wikipedia globe. We realize that a lot of projects have never had a localized logo in their native language, so we are making sure that we create logos for every Wikipedia project that we have. The only issue is: we can't figure out what should be on your localized logo. <tt>:-)</tt> Could you please provide a translation for the following? * Wikipedia * The Free Encyclopedia Please put the translation on my [[m:User talk:Cbrown1023|Meta talk page]]. Thank you! '''[[User:Cbrown1023|<span style="color:green">Cbrown1023</span>]]''' '''<small>[[User talk:Cbrown1023|<span style="color:#002bb8">discussion</span>]]</small>''' 00:58, 25 May 2010 (UTC) ==Fundraising time is around the corner!== Hello Wikimedians, my name is Deniz and I am working for the Wikimedia Foundation during the 2010 Fundraiser. My job is to be the liaison between the Akan community and the Foundation. This year's fundraiser is intended to be a collaborative and global effort, we recognize that banner messages that perform well in the United States don't necessarily translate well, or appeal to international audiences. <Br> I'm contacting you as I am currently looking for translators who are willing to contribute to this project, helping to translate and localize messages into Akan and suggesting messages that would appeal to Akan readers on the Fundraising Meta Page. We've started the setup on [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010 meta] for both [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010/Messages banner submission], [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010/Banner_testing statistical analysis], and [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010/Committee grouping volunteers together].<br>Use the talk pages on meta, talk to your local communities, talk to others, talk to us, and add your feedback to the proposed messages as well! I look forward to working with you during this year's fundraiser.<br> Please translate this message into Akan if you can and post it below.--[[User:Dgultekin|Dgultekin]] 17:20, 10 September 2010 (UTC) == Multilingual Challenge == {| class="center" style="border:2px double; color:#009900; background-color:#CCFFCC;" |- | style="color:red;" | Please help: replace this red text with a translation of the English message below. Thank you! |- | style="color:black;" | '''Announcing [[:en:Wikipedia:GLAM/Derby/Multilingual Challenge|the Derby Multilingual Challenge]]'''<br /> This is the first multilingual Wikipedia collaboration. All Wikipedians can take part, in any Wikipedia language. The challenge runs from 1 May until 3 September 2011.<br /> '''[[:en:Wikipedia:GLAM/Derby/Multilingual Challenge/Participants|Sign up now!]]'''<br /> <small>" Wikipedia is particularly pleased to see that Derby Museums are encouraging the creation of articles in languages other than English." ([http://uk.wikimedia.org/wiki/Press_releases/First_GLAMWIKI_outside_Capital Jimmy Wales, 14 January 2011])</small> |} [[User:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] 14:17, 2 May 2011 (UTC) ==Wikipedia in Tatar== Dear friends, may I ask you to add a hyperlink to our Tatar Wikipedia (http://tt.wikipedia.org) to yourr Front page. Tatars - are turkic nation living in Tatarstan Republic, second biggest nation in Russian Federation. hope to hear from you soon. sincerely yours, [[User:Muhtac|Muhtac]] 21:38, 20 March 2011 (UTC) == Terms of Use update == ''I apologize that you are receiving this message in English. Please help translate it.'' Hello, The Wikimedia Foundation is discussing changes to its Terms of Use. The discussion can be found at [[m:Talk:Terms of use|Talk:Terms of use]]. Everyone is invited to join in. Because the new version of [[m:Terms of use|Terms of use]] is not in final form, we are not able to present official translations of it. Volunteers are welcome to translate it, as German volunteers have done at [[:m:Terms of use/de]], but we ask that you note at the top that the translation is unofficial and may become outdated as the English version is changed. The translation request can be found at [[m:Translation requests/WMF/Terms of Use 2]] -- [[m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis, Community Liaison]] 01:21, 27 October 2011 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0119 --> == Open Call for 2012 Wikimedia Fellowship Applicants == [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] ''I apologize that you are receiving this message in English. Please help translate it.'' *Do you want to help attract new contributors to Wikimedia projects? *Do you want to improve retention of our existing editors? *Do you want to strengthen our community by diversifying its base and increasing the overall number of excellent participants around the world? The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking Community Fellows and project ideas for the Community Fellowship Program. A Fellowship is a temporary position at the Wikimedia Foundation in order to work on a specific project or set of projects. Submissions for 2012 are encouraged to focus on the theme of improving editor retention and increasing participation in Wikimedia projects. If interested, please submit a project idea or apply to be a fellow by January 15, 2012. Please visit https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Fellowships for more information. Thanks! --[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Community Fellowships, Wikimedia Foundation]] 03:09, 22 December 2011 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0139 --> == Announcing Wikipedia 1.19 beta == Wikimedia Foundation is getting ready to push out 1.19 to all the WMF-hosted wikis. As we finish wrapping up our code review, you can test the new version ''right now'' on [http://beta.wmflabs.org/ beta.wmflabs.org]. For more information, please read the [https://svn.wikimedia.org/viewvc/mediawiki/trunk/phase3/RELEASE-NOTES-1.19?view=markup release notes] or the [[mw:MediaWiki_1.19|start of the final announcement]]. The following are the areas that you will probably be most interested in: * [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=33711#c2 Faster loading of javascript files makes dependency tracking more important.] * New common*.css files usable by skins instead of having to copy piles of generic styles from MonoBook or Vector's css. * The default user signature now contains a talk link in addition to the user link. * Searching blocked usernames in block log is now clearer. * Better timezone recognition in user preferences. * Improved diff readability for colorblind people. * The interwiki links table can now be accessed also when the interwiki cache is used (used in the API and the Interwiki extension). * More gender support (for instance in logs and user lists). * Language converter improved, e.g. it now works depending on the page content language. * Time and number-formatting magic words also now depend on the page content language. * Bidirectional support further improved after 1.18. Report any [http://labs.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Problem_reports problems] on the labs beta wiki and we'll work to address them before they software is released to the production wikis. '''Note''' that this cluster does have SUL but it is not integrated with SUL in production, so you'll need to create another account. You should avoid using the same password as you use here. — [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 16:38, 15 January 2012 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0145 --> == MediaWiki 1.19 == (Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) The Wikimedia Foundation is planning to upgrade MediaWiki (the software powering this wiki) to its latest version this month. You can help to test it before it is enabled, to avoid disruption and breakage. More information is available [[:mw:MediaWiki 1.19/Deployment announcement|in the full announcement]]. Thank you for your understanding. [[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]] <small>([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])</small>. 15:21, 12 February 2012 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0154 --> == Update on IPv6 == [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] (Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it, as well as '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement on Meta]]''') The Wikimedia Foundation is planning to do limited testing of IPv6 on June 2-3. If there are not too many problems, we may fully enable IPv6 on [http://www.worldipv6day.org/ World IPv6 day] (June 6), and keep it enabled. What this means for your project: *At least on June 2-3, 2012, you may see a small number of edits from IPv6 addresses, which are in the form "<code>2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334</code>". See e.g. [[w:en:IPv6 address]]. These addresses should behave like any other IP address: You can leave messages on their talk pages; you can track their contributions; you can block them. (See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement]] for notes on range blocks.) *In the mid term, some user scripts and tools will need to be adapted for IPv6. *We suspect that IPv6 usage is going to be very low initially, meaning that abuse should be manageable, and we will assist in the monitoring of the situation. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement]] on how to test the behavior of IPv6 with various tools and how to leave bug reports, and to find a fuller analysis of the implications of the IPv6 migration. --[[m:User:Eloquence|Erik Möller, VP of Engineering and Product Development, Wikimedia Foundation]] 01:28, 2 June 2012 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0201 --> == 2011 Picture of the Year competition == <small>[[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/mk|{{#language:mk}}]] • [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/no|{{#language:no}}]] • [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/pl|{{#language:pl}}]]</small> Dear Wikimedians, Wikimedia Commons is happy to announce that the ''2011 Picture of the Year competition'' is now open. We are interested in your opinion as to which images qualify to be the ''Picture of the Year 2011''. Any user registered at Commons or a Wikimedia wiki SUL-related to Commons [//toolserver.org/~pathoschild/accounteligibility/?user=&wiki=&event=24 with more than 75 edits before 1 April 2012 (UTC)] is welcome to vote and, of course everyone is welcome to view! Detailed information about the contest can be found [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Introduction|at the introductory page]]. About 600 of the best of Wikimedia Common's photos, animations, movies and graphics were chosen &ndash;by the international Wikimedia Commons community&ndash; out of 12 million files during ''2011'' and are now called ''Featured Pictures''. From professional animal and plant shots to breathtaking panoramas and skylines, restorations of historically relevant images, images portraying the world's best architecture, maps, emblems, diagrams created with the most modern technology, and impressive human portraits, Commons ''Features Pictures'' of all flavors. For your convenience, we have sorted the images [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Galleries|into topic categories]]. We regret that you receive this message in English; we intended to use banners to notify you in your native language but there was both, human and technical resistance. See you on Commons! --[[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Committee|Picture of the Year 2011 Committee]] 18:43, 5 June 2012 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0205 --> == Help decide about more than $10 million of Wikimedia donations in the coming year == [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] ''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it)'' Hi, As many of you are aware, the Wikimedia Board of Trustees recently initiated important changes in the way that money is being distributed within the Wikimedia movement. As part of this, a new community-led "[[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC|Funds Dissemination Committee]]" (FDC) is currently being set up. Already in 2012-13, its recommendations will guide the decisions about the distribution of over 10 million US dollars among the Foundation, chapters and other [[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC#Eligible_fund-seeking_entities|eligible entities]]. Now, seven capable, knowledgeable and trustworthy community members are sought to volunteer on the initial Funds Dissemination Committee. It is expected to take up its work in September. In addition, a community member is sought to be the [[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC#FDC_Ombudsperson|Ombudsperson]] for the FDC process. If you are interested in joining the committee, read the [[m:Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for Volunteers|call for volunteers]]. Nominations are planned to close on August 15. --[[m:User:ASengupta_(WMF)|Anasuya Sengupta]], Director of Global Learning and Grantmaking, Wikimedia Foundation 20:28, 19 July 2012 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0223 --> == More opportunities for you to access free research databases == The quest to get editors free access to the sources they need is gaining momentum. * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Credo|Credo Reference]]''' provides full-text online versions of nearly 1200 published reference works from more than 70 publishers in every major subject, including general and subject dictionaries and encyclopedias. There are '''125''' full Credo 350 accounts available, with access even to 100 more references works than in Credo's original donation. All you need is a 1-year old account with 1000 edits. Sign up [[w:en:Wikipedia:Credo#Sign-up sheet|here]]. * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam|HighBeam Research]]''' has access to over 80 million articles from 6,500 publications including newspapers, magazines, academic journals, newswires, trade magazines and encyclopedias. Thousands of new articles are added daily, and archives date back over 25 years covering a wide range of subjects and industries. There are '''250''' full access 1-year accounts available. All you need is a 1-year old account with 1000 edits. Sign up [[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam/Applications|here]]. * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia|Questia]]''' is an online research library for books and journal articles focusing on the humanities and social sciences. Questia has curated titles from over 300 trusted publishers including 77,000 full-text books and 4 million journal, magazine, and newspaper articles, as well as encyclopedia entries. There will soon be '''1000''' full access 1-year accounts available. All you need is a 1-year old account with 1000 edits. Sign up [[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia#Apply here: Round 1|here]]. You might also be interested in the idea to create a central '''Wikipedia Library''' where approved editors would have access to ''all'' participating resource donors. Add your feedback to the [[m:Wikimedia Fellowships/Project Ideas/The Wikipedia Library|Community Fellowship proposal]]. Apologies for the English message ([http://translate.google.com/ translate here]). Go sign up :) --[[w:en:User:Ocaasi|Ocaasi]] ([[w:en:User talk:Ocaasi|talk]]) 02:26, 16 August 2012 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0232 --> == Request for Comment: Legal Fees Assistance Program == [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] ''I apologize for addressing you in English. I would be grateful if you could translate this message into your language.'' The Wikimedia Foundation is conducting a [[:m:Request_for_comment/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|request for comment]] on a [[:m:Legal_and_Community_Advocacy/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|proposed program]] that could provide legal assistance to users in specific support roles who are named in a legal complaint as a defendant because of those roles. We wanted to be sure that your community was aware of this discussion and would have a chance to participate in [[:m:Request_for_comment/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|that discussion]]. If this page is not the best place to publicize this request for comment, please help spread the word to those who may be interested in participating. (If you'd like to help translating the "request for comment", program policy or other pages into your language and don't know how the translation system works, please come by my user talk page at [[:m:User talk:Mdennis (WMF)]]. I'll be happy to assist or to connect you with a volunteer who can assist.) Thank you! --[[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Mdennis (WMF)]]02:15, 6 September 2012 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0245 --> == Wikidata is getting close to a first roll-out == [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] (Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) As some of you might already have heard Wikimedia Deutschland is working on a new Wikimedia project. It is called [[m:Wikidata]]. The goal of Wikidata is to become a central data repository for the Wikipedias, its sister projects and the world. In the future it will hold data like the number of inhabitants of a country, the date of birth of a famous person or the length of a river. These can then be used in all Wikimedia projects and outside of them. The project is divided into three phases and "we are getting close to roll-out the first phase". The phases are: # language links in the Wikipedias (making it possible to store the links between the language editions of an article just once in Wikidata instead of in each linked article) # infoboxes (making it possible to store the data that is currently in infoboxes in one central place and share the data) # lists (making it possible to create lists and similar things based on queries to Wikidata so they update automatically when new data is added or modified) It'd be great if you could join us, test the [http://wikidata-test.wikimedia.de demo version], provide feedback and take part in the development of Wikidata. You can find all the relevant information including an [[m:Wikidata/FAQ|FAQ]] and sign-up links for our on-wiki newsletter on [[m:Wikidata|the Wikidata page on Meta]]. For further discussions please use [[m:Talk:Wikidata|this talk page]] (if you are uncomfortable writing in English you can also write in your native language there) or point [[m:User_talk:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|me]] to the place where your discussion is happening so I can answer there. --[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 13:41, 10 September 2012 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0248 --> == Upcoming software changes - please report any problems == [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] <div dir=ltr> ''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it)'' All Wikimedia wikis - including this one - will soon be upgraded with new and possibly disruptive code. This process starts today and finishes on October 24 (see the [[mw:MediaWiki_1.21/Roadmap|upgrade schedule]] & [[mw:MediaWiki 1.21/wmf2|code details]]). Please watch for problems with: * revision diffs * templates * CSS and JavaScript pages (like user scripts) * bots * PDF export * images, video, and sound, especially scaling sizes * the CologneBlue skin If you notice any problems, please [[mw:How to report a bug|report problems]] at [[mw:Bugzilla|our defect tracker site]]. You can test for possible problems at [https://test2.wikipedia.org test2.wikipedia.org] and [https://mediawiki.org/ mediawiki.org], which have already been updated. Thanks! With your help we can find problems fast and get them fixed faster. [[mw:User:Sharihareswara (WMF)|Sumana Harihareswara, Wikimedia Foundation Engineering Community Manager]] ([[mw:User talk:Sharihareswara (WMF)|talk]]) 03:16, 16 October 2012 (UTC) P.S.: For the regular, smaller MediaWiki updates every two weeks, please [[mw:MediaWiki_1.21/Roadmap|watch this schedule]]. <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0278 --> == Fundraising localization: volunteers from outside the USA needed == ''Please translate for your local community'' Hello All, The Wikimedia Foundation's Fundraising team have begun our 'User Experience' project, with the goal of understanding the donation experience in different countries outside the USA and enhancing the localization of our donation pages. I am searching for volunteers to spend 30 minutes on a Skype chat with me, reviewing their own country's donation pages. It will be done on a 'usability' format (I will ask you to read the text and go through the donation flow) and will be asking your feedback in the meanwhile. The only pre-requisite is for the volunteer to actually live in the country and to have access to at least one donation method that we offer for that country (mainly credit/debit card, but also real-time banking like IDEAL, E-wallets, etc...) so we can do a live test and see if the donation goes through. ''All volunteers will be reimbursed of the donations that eventually succeed'' (and they will be low amounts, like 1-2 dollars) By helping us you are actually helping thousands of people to support our mission of free knowledge across the world. Please sing up and help us with our 'User Experience' project! :) If you are interested (or know of anyone who could be) please email ppena@wikimedia.org. All countries needed (excepting USA)! Thanks!<br /> [[wmf:User:Ppena|Pats Pena]]<br /> Global Fundraising Operations Manager, Wikimedia Foundation Sent using [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]], 17:22, 17 October 2012 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0280 --> == Be a Wikimedia fundraising "User Experience" volunteer! == Thank you to everyone who volunteered last year on the Wikimedia fundraising 'User Experience' project. We have talked to many different people in different countries and their feedback has helped us immensely in restructuring our pages. If you haven't heard of it yet, the 'User Experience' project has the goal of understanding the donation experience in different countries (outside the USA) and enhancing the localization of our donation pages. I am (still) searching for volunteers to spend some time on a Skype chat with me, reviewing their own country's donation pages. It will be done on a 'usability' format (I will ask you to read the text and go through the donation flow) and will be asking your feedback in the meanwhile. The only pre-requisite is for the volunteer to actually live in the country and to have access to at least one donation method that we offer for that country (mainly credit/debit card, but also real time banking like IDEAL, E-wallets, etc...) so we can do a live test and see if the donation goes through. **All volunteers will be reimbursed of the donations that eventually succeed (and they will be very low amounts, like 1-2 dollars)** By helping us you are actually helping thousands of people to support our mission of free knowledge across the world. If you are interested (or know of anyone who could be) please email ppena@wikimedia.org. All countries needed (excepting USA)!! Thanks! [[m:User:Ppena (WMF)|Pats Pena]]<br/> Global Fundraising Operations Manager, Wikimedia Foundation : Sent using [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]], 21:21, 8 January 2013 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 331 --> == Wikimedia sites to move to primary data center in Ashburn, Virginia. Read-only mode expected. == (Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) Next week, the Wikimedia Foundation will transition its main technical operations to a new data center in Ashburn, Virginia, USA. This is intended to improve the technical performance and reliability of all Wikimedia sites, including this wiki. There will be some times when the site will be in read-only mode, and there may be full outages; the current target windows for the migration are January 22nd, 23rd and 24th, 2013, from 17:00 to 01:00 UTC (see [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=Wikimedia+data+center+migration&iso=20130122T17&ah=8 other timezones] on timeanddate.com). More information is available [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/01/19/wikimedia-sites-move-to-primary-data-center-in-ashburn-virginia/ in the full announcement]. If you would like to stay informed of future technical upgrades, consider [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|becoming a Tech ambassador]] and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-ambassadors joining the ambassadors mailing list]. You will be able to help your fellow Wikimedians have a voice in technical discussions and be notified of important decisions. Thank you for your help and your understanding. [[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]] <small>([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])</small>. 15:46, 19 January 2013 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0338 --> == Picture of the Year voting round 1 open == Dear Wikimedians, Wikimedia Commons is happy to announce that the 2012 Picture of the Year competition is now open. We're interested in your opinion as to which images qualify to be the Picture of the Year for 2012. Voting is open to established Wikimedia users who meet the following criteria: :# Users must have an account, at any Wikimedia project, which was registered '''before Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 +0000''' [UTC]. :# This user account must have more than '''75 edits''' on '''any single''' Wikimedia project '''before Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 +0000''' [UTC]. Please check your account eligibility at the [//toolserver.org/~pathoschild/accounteligibility/?user=&wiki=&event=27 POTY 2012 Contest Eligibility tool]. :# Users must vote with an account meeting the above requirements either on Commons or another SUL-related Wikimedia project (for other Wikimedia projects, the account must be attached to the user's Commons account through [[meta:Help:Unified login|SUL]]). Hundreds of images that have been rated Featured Pictures by the international Wikimedia Commons community in the past year are all entered in this competition. From professional animal and plant shots to breathtaking panoramas and skylines, restorations of historically relevant images, images portraying the world's best architecture, maps, emblems, diagrams created with the most modern technology, and impressive human portraits, Commons features pictures of all flavors. For your convenience, we have sorted the images into topic categories. Two rounds of voting will be held: In the first round, you can vote for as many images as you like. The first round category winners and the top ten overall will then make it to the final. In the final round, when a limited number of images are left, you must decide on the one image that you want to become the Picture of the Year. To see the candidate images just go to [[commons:Commons:Picture_of_the_Year/2012|the POTY 2012 page on Wikimedia Commons]]. Wikimedia Commons celebrates our featured images of 2012 with this contest. Your votes decide the Picture of the Year, so remember to vote in the first round by '''January 30, 2013'''. Thanks,<br /> the Wikimedia Commons Picture of the Year committee<br /> <small>This message was delivered based on [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery]]. Translation fetched from: [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2012/Translations/Village Pump/en]] -- [[User:Rillke|Rillke]] ([[User talk:Rillke|talk]]) 00:01, 23 January 2013 (UTC)</small> == Help turn ideas into grants in the new IdeaLab == <div class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]] ''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.'' *Do you have an idea for a project to improve this community or website? *Do you think you could complete your idea if only you had some funding? *Do you want to help other people turn their ideas into project plans or grant proposals? Please join us in the [[m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]], an incubator for project ideas and Individual Engagement Grant proposals. The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking new ideas and proposals for Individual Engagement Grants. These grants fund individuals or small groups to complete projects that help improve this community. If interested, please submit a completed proposal by February 15, 2013. Please visit https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IEG for more information. Thanks! --[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 20:56, 30 January 2013 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0344 --> == Wikidata phase 1 (language links) coming to this Wikipedia == [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this locally. [[d:|Wikidata]] has been in development for a few months now. It is now time for the roll-out of the first part of it on your Wikipedia. Phase 1 is the support for the management of language links. It is already being used on the Hungarian, Hebrew, Italian and English Wikipedias. The next step is to enable the extension on all other Wikipedias. We have currently planned this for March 6. === What is Wikidata? === Wikidata is a central place to store data that you can usually find in infoboxes. Think of it as something like Wikimedia Commons but for data (like the number of inhabitants of a country or the length of a river) instead of multimedia. The first part of this project (centralizing language links) is being rolled out now. The more fancy things will follow later. === What is going to happen? === Language links in the sidebar are going to come from Wikidata in addition to the ones in the wiki text. To edit them, scroll to the bottom of the language links, and click edit. You no longer need to maintain these links by hand in the wiki text of the article. === Where can I find more information and ask questions? === Editors on en:wp have created a [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikidata|great page with all the necessary information for editors]] and there is also an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]]. === I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata === To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages. You can see previous editions [[meta:Wikidata/Newsletter/Archive|here]]. --[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 16:19, 21 February 2013 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0366 --> == Wikidata phase 1 (language links) live on this Wikipedia == [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this locally. If you understand German better than English you can have a look at the announcement on [[:de:Wikipedia:Kurier]]. As I annonced 2 weeks ago, [[d:|Wikidata]] phase 1 (language links) has been deployed here today. Language links in the sidebar are coming from Wikidata in addition to the ones in the wiki text. To edit them, scroll to the bottom of the language links, and click edit. You no longer need to maintain these links by hand in the wiki text of the article. '''Where can I find more information and ask questions?''' Editors on en:wp have created a [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikidata|great page with all the necessary information for editors]] and there is also an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. It'd be great if you could bring this to this wiki if that has not already happened. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Talk:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]]. '''I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata''' To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages. --[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 23:12, 6 March 2013 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0373 --> == Convert complex templates to Lua to make them faster and more powerful == <small>(Please consider translating this message for the benefit of your fellow Wikimedians)</small> Greetings. As you might have seen on the [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/03/11/lua-templates-faster-more-flexible-pages/ Wikimedia tech blog] or the [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-March/000171.html tech ambassadors list], a new functionality called "Lua" is being enabled on all Wikimedia sites today. [[mw:Lua|Lua]] is a scripting language that enables you to write faster and more powerful MediaWiki templates. If you have questions about how to convert existing templates to Lua (or how to create new ones), we'll be holding two support sessions on IRC next week: [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=02&min=00&sec=0&day=20&month=03&year=2013 one on Wednesday] (for Oceania, Asia & America) and [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=03&year=2013 one on Friday] (for Europe, Africa & America); see [[m:IRC office hours]] for the details. If you can't make it, you can also get help at [[mw:Talk:Lua scripting]]. If you'd like to learn about this kind of events earlier in advance, consider becoming a [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|Tech ambassador]] by subscribing to the [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-ambassadors mailing list]. You will also be able to help your fellow Wikimedians have a voice in technical discussions and be notified of important decisions. [[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]]. 20:28, 13 March 2013 (UTC) <small>([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0379 --> == Wikidata phase 2 (infoboxes) coming to this Wikipedia == [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this. If you understand German better than English you can have a look at the announcement on [[:de:Wikipedia:Kurier]]. A while ago the first phase of [[d:|Wikidata]] was enabled on this Wikipedia. This means you are getting the language links in each article from Wikidata. It is soon time to enable the second phase of Wikidata (infoboxes) here. We have already done this on the [[http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/27/you-can-have-all-the-data/ first 11 Wikipedias]] (it, he, hu, ru, tr, uk, uz, hr, bs, sr, sh) and things are looking good. The next step is English Wikipedia. This is planned for April 8. '''If everything works out fine we will deploy on all remaining Wikipedias on April 10.''' I will update [[m:Wikidata/Deployment Questions#When_will_this_be_deployed_on_my_Wikipedia.3F|this part of the FAQ]] if there are any issues forcing us to change this date. I will also sent another note to this village pump once the deployment is finished. '''What will happen once we have phase 2 enabled here?''' Once it is enabled in a few days you will be able to make use of the structured data that is available on Wikidata in your articles/infoboxes. It includes things like the symbol for a chemical element, the ISBN for a book or the top level domain of a country. (None of this will happen automatically. Someone will have to change the article or infobox template for this to happen!) '''How will this work?''' There are two ways to access the data: * Use a parser function like <nowiki>{{#property:p169}}</nowiki> in the wiki text of the article on Yahoo!. This will return “[[d:Q14086|Marissa Mayer]]” as she is the [[d:Property:P169|chief executive officer]] of the [[d:Q37093|company]]. * For more complicated things you can use Lua. The documentation for this is [[mw:Extension:WikibaseClient/Lua|here]]. We are working on expanding the parser function so you can for example use <nowiki>{{#property:chief executive officer}}</nowiki> instead of <nowiki>{{#property:p169}}</nowiki>. The complete plan for this is [[meta:Wikidata/Notes/Inclusion syntax|here]]. '''Where can I test this?''' You can already test it on [http://test2.wikipedia.org test2]. '''Where can I find more information and ask questions?''' We have collected the main questions in an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Talk:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]]. '''I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata''' To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages. --[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 17:14, 5 April 2013 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0399 --> == [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|Request for comment on inactive administrators]] == <small>(Please consider translating this message for the benefit of your fellow Wikimedians. Please also consider translating [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Summary|the proposal]].)</small> <small>[[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message|Read this message in English]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ast|Lleer esti mensaxe n'asturianu]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/bn|বাংলায় এই বার্তাটি পড়ুন]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ca|Llegiu aquest missatge en català]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/da|Læs denne besked på dansk]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/de|Lies diese Nachricht auf Deutsch]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/egl|Leś cal mesag' chè in Emiliàn]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/es|Leer este mensaje en español]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/fi|Lue tämä viesti suomeksi]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/fr|Lire ce message en français]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/gl|Ler esta mensaxe en galego]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/hi|हिन्दी]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/hr|Pročitajte ovu poruku na hrvatskom]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/id|Baca pesan ini dalam Bahasa Indonesia]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/it|Leggi questo messaggio in italiano]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/kn|ಈ ಸಂದೇಶವನ್ನು ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಿ]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/mt|Aqra dan il-messaġġ bil-Malti]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/nb|norsk (bokmål)]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/nl|Lees dit bericht in het Nederlands]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/pl|Przeczytaj tę wiadomość po polsku]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ro|Citiți acest mesaj în română]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ru|Прочитать это сообщение на русском]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/so|Farriintaan ku aqri Af-Soomaali]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/sr|Pročitaj ovu poruku na srpskom (Прочитај ову поруку на српском)]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/th|อ่านข้อความนี้ในภาษาไทย]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/uk|Прочитати це повідомлення українською мовою]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/vi|Đọc thông báo bằng tiếng Việt]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/zh|使用中文阅读本信息。]]</small> Hello! There is [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|a new request for comment]] on Meta-Wiki concerning the removal of administrative rights from long-term inactive Wikimedians. Generally, this proposal from stewards would apply to wikis without an administrators' review process. We are also compiling a [[m:Talk:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|list of projects]] with procedures for removing inactive administrators on the talk page of the request for comment. Feel free to add your project(s) to the list if you have a policy on administrator inactivity. All input is appreciated. The discussion may close as soon as 21 May 2013 (2013-05-21), but this will be extended if needed. Thanks, [[m:User:Billinghurst|Billinghurst]] <small>(thanks to all the [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message|translators]]!)</small> 05:26, 24 April 2013 (UTC) :<small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0430 --> == Wikidata phase 2 (infoboxes) is here == [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this. If you understand German better than English you can have a look at the announcement on [[:de:Wikipedia:Kurier]]. A while ago the first phase of [[d:|Wikidata]] was enabled on this Wikipedia. This means you are getting the language links in each article from Wikidata. We have now enabled the second phase of Wikidata (infoboxes) here. We have already done this on the [[http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/27/you-can-have-all-the-data/ first 11 Wikipedias]] (it, he, hu, ru, tr, uk, uz, hr, bs, sr, sh) a month ago and [http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/04/22/and-that-makes-12/ two days ago on the English Wikipedia]. Today all the remaining Wikipedias followed. '''What does having phase 2 enabled here mean?''' You are now able to make use of the structured data that is available on Wikidata in your articles/infoboxes. It includes things like the symbol for a chemical element, the ISBN for a book or the top level domain of a country. (None of this will happen automatically. Someone will have to change the article or infobox template for this to happen!) The current state is just the beginning though. It will be extended based on feedback we get from you now. '''How will this work?''' There are two ways to access the data: * Use a parser function like <nowiki>{{#property:p159}}</nowiki> in the wiki text of the article on Wikimedia Foundation. This will return “[[d:Q62|San Francisco]]” as that is the [[d:Property:P159|headquarter location]] of the [[d:180|non-profit]]. * For more complicated things you can use Lua. The documentation for this is [[mw:Extension:WikibaseClient/Lua|here]]. We are working on expanding the parser function so you can for example use <nowiki>{{#property:headquarter location}}</nowiki> instead of <nowiki>{{#property:p159}}</nowiki>. The complete plan for this is [[meta:Wikidata/Notes/Inclusion syntax|here]]. '''Where can I test this?''' You can test it on [http://test2.wikipedia.org test2] if you don't want to do it in an article here. '''Where can I find more information and ask questions?''' We have collected the main questions in an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Talk:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]]. '''I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata''' To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages. We are excited about taking yet another step towards allowing all Wikipedias share structured data and collect and curate it together. --[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 19:23, 24 April 2013 (UTC) <small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0431 --> == [en] Change to wiki account system and account renaming == <div class="mw-content-ltr"> Some accounts will soon be renamed due to a technical change that the developer team at Wikimedia are making. [[m:Single User Login finalisation announcement|More details on Meta]]. <small>(Distributed via [[m:global message delivery|global message delivery]] 04:15, 30 April 2013 (UTC). Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0437 --> == [en] Change to section edit links == <div class="mw-content-ltr"> The default position of the "edit" link in page section headers is going to change soon. The "edit" link will be positioned adjacent to the page header text rather than floating opposite it. Section edit links will be to the immediate right of section titles, instead of on the far right. If you're an editor of one of the wikis which already implemented this change, nothing will substantially change for you; however, scripts and gadgets depending on the previous implementation of section edit links will have to be adjusted to continue working; however, nothing else should break even if they are not updated in time. [[m:Change to section edit links|Detailed information and a timeline]] is available on meta. Ideas to do this all the way to 2009 at least. It is often difficult to track which of several potential section edit links on the far right is associated with the correct section, and many readers and anonymous or new editors may even be failing to notice section edit links at all, since they read section titles, which are far away from the links. <small>(Distributed via [[m:global message delivery|global message delivery]] 19:04, 30 April 2013 (UTC). Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0438 --> == Tech newsletter: Subscribe to receive the next editions == <div style="width:auto; padding: 1em; background:#fdf6e3;" class="plainlinks" ><big>Latest '''[[m:Tech/News|<span style="color:#268bd2;">Tech news</span>]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community.</big> ''Please inform other users about these changes.''</div> <div style="width:auto; padding: 1em; border: 2px solid #fdf6e3;" class="plainlinks" > ;Recent software changes: ''(Not all changes will affect you.)'' * The latest version of MediaWiki (version [[mw:MediaWiki 1.22/wmf4|1.22/wmf4]]) was added to non-Wikipedia wikis on May 13, and to the English Wikipedia (with a Wikidata software update) on May 20. It will be updated on all other Wikipedia sites on May 22. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=ed976cf0c14fa3632fd10d9300bb646bfd6fe751;hp=c6c7bb1e5caaddf7325de9eef0e7bf85bcf5cc35] [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html] * A software update will perhaps result in temporary issues with images. Please [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|report any problems]] you notice. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html] * MediaWiki recognizes links in twelve new [[:w:en:URI scheme|schemes]]. Users can now link to [[:w:en:SSH|SSH]], [[:w:en:XMPP|XMPP]] and [[:w:en:Bitcoin|Bitcoin]] directly from wikicode. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/core.git;a=commitdiff;h=a89d623302b5027dbb2d06941a22372948757685] * VisualEditor was added to [[bugzilla:48430|all content namespaces]] on mediawiki.org on May 20. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html] * A new extension ("TemplateData") was added to all Wikipedia sites on May 20. It will allow a future version of VisualEditor to [[bugzilla:44444|edit templates]]. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html] * New sites: [[:voy:el:|Greek Wikivoyage]] and [[:wikt:vec:|Venetian Wiktionary]] joined the Wikimedia family last week; the total number of project wikis is now 794. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=5d7536b403730bb502580e21243f923c3b79da0e] [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=43c9eebdfc976333be5c890439ba1fae3bef46f7] * The logo of 18 Wikipedias was changed to [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_logos#The_May_2010_logo|version 2.0]] in a [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2013-May/125999.html third group of updates]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=4688adbe467440eea318eecf04839fdd9ffa0565] * The [[:commons:Special:UploadWizard|UploadWizard]] on Commons now shows links to the old upload form in 55 languages ([[:bugzilla:33513|bug 33513]]). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=4197fa18a22660296d0e5b84820d5ebb4cef46d4] ;Future software changes: * The next version of MediaWiki (version 1.22/wmf5) will be added to Wikimedia sites starting on May 27. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html] * An updated version of [[mw:Echo (Notifications)|Notifications]], with new features and fewer bugs, will be added to the English Wikipedia on May 23. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Single User Login finalisation announcement|final version]] of the "single user login" (which allows people to use the same username on different Wikimedia wikis) is moved to August 2013. The software will [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-April/000217.html automatically rename] some usernames. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000233.html] * A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flow|new discussion system]] for MediaWiki, called "Flow", is under development. Wikimedia designers need your help to inform other users, [http://unicorn.wmflabs.org/flow/ test the prototype] and discuss the interface. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069433.html]. * The Wikimedia Foundation is hiring people to act as links between software developers and users for VisualEditor. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000245.html] </div> <div style="font-size:90%; font-style:italic; background:#fdf6e3; padding:1em;">'''[[m:Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] • [[m:Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Tech/News/2013/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Unsubscribe]] • 21:18, 20 May 2013 (UTC) </div> <div style="float:left; background:#eee8d5; border: .2em solid #dc322f; border-left: .7em solid #dc322f; padding: 1em; "><span style="color:#dc322f;font-weight:bold;">Important note:</span> This is the first edition of the [[m:Tech/News|Tech News]] weekly summaries, which help you monitor recent software changes likely to impact you and your fellow Wikimedians. '''If you want to continue to receive the next issues every week''', please '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe to the newsletter]]'''. You can subscribe your personal talk page and a community page like this one. The newsletter can be [[m:Tech/News/2013/21|translated into your language]]. You can also [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|become a tech ambassador]], [[m:Tech/News|help us write the next newsletter]] and [[m:Talk:Tech/News|tell us what to improve]]. Your feedback is greatly appreciated. [[m:user:guillom|guillom]] 21:18, 20 May 2013 (UTC)</div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0455 --> == Trademark discussion == Hi, apologies for posting this in English, but I wanted to alert your community to a discussion on Meta about potential changes to the Wikimedia Trademark Policy. Please translate this statement if you can. We hope that you will all participate in the discussion; we also welcome translations of the legal team’s statement into as many languages as possible and encourage you to voice your thoughts there. Please see the [[:m:Trademark practices discussion|Trademark practices discussion (on Meta-Wiki)]] for more information. Thank you! --[[:m:User:Mdennis_(WMF)|Mdennis (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:Mdennis_(WMF)|talk]]) <!-- EdwardsBot 0473 --> == Free Research Accounts from Leading Medical Publisher. Come and Sign up! == [[:EN:W:TWL|The Wikipedia Library]] gets Wikipedia editors free access to reliable sources that are behind paywalls. I want to alert you to our latest donation. *'''[[Cochrane Collaboration]]''' is an independent medical nonprofit organization that conducts systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health-care interventions, which it then publishes in the Cochrane Library. *Cochrane has generously agreed to give ''free, full-access accounts to medical editors''. Individual access would otherwise cost between $300 and $800 per account. *'''If you are active as a medical editor, come and [[WP:COCHRANE|sign up :)]]''' Cheers, [[:EN:W:User:Ocaasi|Ocaasi]] 21:22, 16 June 2013 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0487 --> == Cochrane Library Sign-up (correct link) == My apologies for the incorrect link: You can sign up for '''[[:EN:W:Cochrane Collaboration|Cochrane Collaboration]]''' accounts at the [[:EN:W:WP:COCHRANE|COCHRANE sign-up page]]'''. Cheers, [[:EN:W:User:Ocaasi|Ocaasi]] 21:56, 16 June 2013 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0488 --> == [[:m:Requests_for_comment/X!'s_Edit_Counter|X!'s Edit Counter]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <small>(Sorry for writing in English. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Requests_for_comment/X!%27s_Edit_Counter/Summary|translate the proposal]].)</small> Should [[tools:~tparis/pcount|X!'s edit counter]] retain the opt-in requirement? Your input is strongly encouraged. [[:m:Requests_for_comment/X!'s_Edit_Counter|Voice your input here]].——[[:m:w:User:Cyberpower678|<span style="color:green;font-family:Neuropol">cyberpower]] [[:m:w:User talk:Cyberpower678|<sup style="color:purple;font-family:arnprior">Chat]]<sub style="margin-left:-4.4ex;color:purple;font-family:arnprior">Automation</sub> 05:06, 23 June 2013 (UTC) :<small>Distributed via [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0505 --> ==I wanna be adiministrators== I have a proposal to this wikipedia I am part of several others wikipedias I would help if I may becoming this wikipedia administrator :Would you give us the honour to sign your request? :What would you like to do as an administrator here? --[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-Warburg]] ([[User talk:MF-Warburg|talk]]) 00:36, 24 June 2013 (UTC) ::An administrator who cannot spell? ::An administrator who does not sign his request? ::Stop wasting everyone's time. [[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[User talk:Varlaam|talk]]) 04:52, 19 August 2013 (UTC) == Universal Language Selector will be enabled on 2013-07-09 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> On July 9, 2013, [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) will be enabled on this wiki. The ULS provides a flexible way to configure and deliver language settings like interface language, fonts, and input methods (keyboard mappings). Making it available here is the last phase of making ULS available on all Wikimedia wikis. Please read the announcement on [[m:Announcement Universal Language Selector|Meta-Wiki]] for more information. [[m:User_talk:Siebrand|Siebrand]] 13:02, 4 July 2013 (UTC) <small>(via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]).</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0515 --> == Pywikipedia is migrating to git == Hello, Sorry for English but It's very important for bot operators so I hope someone translates this. [[mw:PWB|Pywikipedia]] is migrating to Git so after July 26, SVN checkouts won't be updated If you're using Pywikipedia you have to switch to git, otherwise you will use out-dated framework and your bot might not work properly. There is a [[mw:Manual:Pywikipediabot/Gerrit|manual]] for doing that and a [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/07/23/pywikipediabot-moving-to-git-on-july-26/ blog post] explaining about this change in non-technical language. If you have question feel free to ask in [[mw:Manual talk:Pywikipediabot/Gerrit]], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/pywikipedia-l mailing list], or in the [irc://irc.freenode.net/#pywikipediabot IRC channel]. Best [[mw:User:Ladsgroup|Amir]] <small>(via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]).</small> 13:52, 23 July 2013 (UTC) <!-- EdwardsBot 0534 --> == VisualEditor and your Wikipedia == ''(Please translate this message)'' Greetings, The Wikimedia Foundation will soon turn on [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] for all users, all the time on your Wikipedia. Right now your Wikipedia does not have any local documents on VisualEditor, and we hope that your community can change that. To find out about how you can help with translations visit the [[mw:VisualEditor/TranslationCentral|TranslationCentral for VisualEditor]] and read the easy instructions on [[mw:VisualEditor/Portal/Localization|bringing information to your Wikipedia]]. The [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|User Guide]] and the [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/FAQ|FAQ]] are very important to have in your language. We want to find out as much as we can from you about VisualEditor and how it helps your Wikipedia, and having local pages is a great way to start. We also encourage you to [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|leave feedback on Mediawiki]] where the community can offer ideas, opinions, and point out bugs that may still exist in the software that need to be reported to [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/describecomponents.cgi?product=VisualEditor Bugzilla]. If you are able to speak for the concerns of others in English on MediaWiki or locally I encourage you to help your community to be represented in this process. If you can help translate the user interface for VisualEditor to your language, you can help with that as well. [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&x=D&group=ext-visualeditor#sortable:3=desc Translatewiki] has open tasks for translating VisualEditor. A direct link to translate the user interface is [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?filter=!translated&action=translate&group=ext-visualeditor here]. You can see how we are doing with those translations [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&x=D&group=ext-visualeditor#sortable:3=desc here]. You need an account on Translatewiki to translate. This account is free and easy to create. If we can help your community in any way with this process, please let me know and I will do my best to assist your Wikipedia with this |exciting development. You can contact me on my [[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|meta talk page]] or by [[Special:EmailUser/Keegan (WMF)|email]]. You can also contact [[mw:User_talk:PEarley_(WMF)|Patrick Earley]] for help with translations and documents on Mediawiki. We look forward to working with you to bring the VisualEditor experience to your Wikipedia! [[:m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:15, 30 July 2013 (UTC) :<small>Distributed via [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0549 --> ==Closure (again)== Is it time to reconsider Juliancolton's proposal from 2010?<br /> I think this project left the incubator prematurely.<br /> [[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[User talk:Varlaam|talk]]) 04:57, 19 August 2013 (UTC) == HTTPS for users with an account == Greetings. Starting on August 21 (tomorrow), all users with an account will be using [[m:w:en:HTTPS|HTTPS]] to access Wikimedia sites. HTTPS brings better security and improves your privacy. More information is available at [[m:HTTPS]]. If HTTPS causes problems for you, tell us [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org on bugzilla], [[m:IRC|on IRC]] (in the <code>#wikimedia-operations</code> channel) or [[m:Talk:HTTPS|on meta]]. If you can't use the other methods, you can also send an e-mail to <code>https@wikimedia.org</code>. [[m:User:Greg (WMF)|Greg Grossmeier]] <small>(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system)</small>. 19:48, 20 August 2013 (UTC) <small>(wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0560 --> == [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation|Request for consultation on community logo]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|thumb|Request for consultation on this community logo]] First, I’d like to apologize for the English. If you can, please help to translate this for other members of your community. The legal team at the Wikimedia Foundation would greatly appreciate your input on the best way to manage the "community logo" (pictured here) to best balance protection of the projects with community support. Accordingly, they have created a “request for consultation” on Meta where they set out briefly some of the issues to be considered and the options that they perceive. [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation|Your input would be invaluable]] in helping guide them in how best to serve our mission. Thank you! --[[m:User:Mdennis|Mdennis]] ([[m:User talk:Mdennis|talk]]) <small>(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system)</small>. 03:19, 24 September 2013 (UTC) <small>(wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])</small> </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0590 --> == [[mw:Echo|Notifications]] == [[File:Notifications-Flyout-Screenshot-08-10-2013-Cropped.png|thumb|300px|Notifications inform you of new activity that affects you -- and let you take quick action.]] ''(This message is in English, please translate as needed)'' Greetings! [[mw:Echo|Notifications]] will inform users about new activity that affects them on this wiki in a unified way: for example, this new tool will let you know when you have new talk page messages, edit reverts, mentions or links -- and is designed to augment (rather than replace) the watchlist. The Wikimedia Foundation's editor engagement team developed this tool (code-named 'Echo') earlier this year, to help users contribute more productively to MediaWiki projects. We're now getting ready to bring Notifications to almost all other Wikimedia sites, and are aiming for a 22 October deployment, as outlined in [[mw:Echo/Release_Plan_2013|this release plan]]. It is important that notifications is translated for all of the languages we serve. There are three major points of translation needed to be either done or checked: *[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&x=D&group=ext-echo#sortable:3=desc Echo on translatewiki for user interface] - you must have an account on translatewiki to translate *[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&x=D&group=ext-thanks#sortable:3=desc Thanks on translatewiki for user interface] - you must have an account on translatewiki to translate *[[mw:Help:Notifications|Notifications help on mediawiki.org]]. This page can be hosted after translation on mediawiki.org or we can localize it to this Wikipedia. You do not have to have an account to translate on mediawiki, but single-user login will create it for you there if you follow the link. :*[[mw:Echo/Release Plan 2013#Checklist|Checklist]] Please let us know if you have any questions, suggestions or comments about this new tool. For more information, visit [[mw:Echo_(Notifications)|this project hub]] and [[mw:Help:Notifications|this help page]]. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:20, 4 October 2013 (UTC) :<small>(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system) (wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])</small> <!-- EdwardsBot 0597 --> == Speak up about the trademark registration of the Community logo. == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi all, Please join the consultation about the Community logo that represents Meta-Wiki: [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation]]. This community consultation was commenced on September 24. The following day, two individuals filed a legal opposition against the registration of the Community logo. The question is whether the Wikimedia Foundation should seek a collective membership mark with respect to this logo or abandon its registration and protection of the trademark. We want to make sure that everyone get a chance to speak up so that we can get clear direction from the community. We would therefore really appreciate the community's help in translating this announcement from English so that everyone is able to understand it. Thanks, [[m:User:Geoffbrigham|Geoff]] & [[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] 20:59, 8 October 2013 (UTC) </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0601 --> == IMPORTANT: Admin activity review == Hello. A new policy regarding the removal of "advanced rights" (administrator, bureaucrat, etc) was recently adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] (your community received a notice about the discussion). According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on smaller wikis. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing "advanced rights" from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the new [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]] here. We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no log actions for more than 2 years): #Paa.kwesi (administrator) These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards. However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks, --[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-Warburg]] ([[User talk:MF-Warburg|talk]]) 19:18, 10 October 2013 (UTC) == Introducting Beta Features == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for writing in English. Please translate if necessary)'' We would like to let you know about [[mw:About_Beta_Features|Beta Features]], a new program from the Wikimedia Foundation that lets you try out new features before they are released for everyone. Think of it as a digital laboratory where community members can preview upcoming software and give feedback to help improve them. This special preference page lets designers and engineers experiment with new features on a broad scale, but in a way that's not disruptive. Beta Features is now ready for testing on [[mw:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|MediaWiki.org]]. It will also be released on Wikimedia Commons and MetaWiki this Thursday, 7 November. Based on test results, the plan is to release it on all wikis worldwide on 21 November, 2013. Here are the first features you can test this week: * [[mw:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|Media Viewer]] — view images in large size or full screen * [[mw:VisualEditor/Beta_Features/Formulae|VisualEditor Formulæ]] (for wikis with [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]]) — edit algebra or equations on your pages * [[mw:Typography_Update|Typography Refresh]] — make text more readable (coming Thursday) Would you like to try out Beta Features now? After you log in on MediaWiki.org, a small 'Beta' link will appear next to your 'Preferences'. Click on it to see features you can test, check the ones you want, then click 'Save'. Learn more on the [[mw:About_Beta_Features|Beta Features page]]. After you've tested Beta Features, please let the developers know what you think on [[mw:Talk:About_Beta_Features|this discussion page]] -- or report any bugs [http://wmbug.com/new?product=MediaWiki%20extensions&component=BetaFeatures here on Bugzilla]. You're also welcome to join [[m:IRC_office_hours#Upcoming_office_hours|this IRC office hours chat]] on Friday, 8 November at 18:30 UTC. Beta Features was developed by the Wikimedia Foundation's Design, Multimedia and VisualEditor teams. Along with other developers, they will be adding new features to this experimental program every few weeks. They are very grateful to all the community members who helped create this project — and look forward to many more productive collaborations in the future. Enjoy, and don't forget to let developers know what you think! [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:46, 5 November 2013 (UTC) :<small>Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] (wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]])</small>, 20:46, 5 November 2013 (UTC) </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0622 --> == Call for comments on draft trademark policy == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi all, The Wikimedia legal team invites you to participate in the development of the new Wikimedia trademark policy. The [[:wmf:Trademark policy|current trademark policy]] was introduced in 2009 to protect the [[:wmf:Wikimedia trademarks|Wikimedia marks]]. We are now updating this policy to better balance permissive use of the marks with the legal requirements for preserving them for the community. The new draft trademark policy is ready for your review [[:m:Trademark policy|here]], and we encourage you to discuss it [[:m:Talk:Trademark policy|here]]. We would appreciate if someone would translate this message into your language so more members of your community can contribute to the conversation. Thanks, <br /> [[:m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] & [[:m:User:Geoffbrigham|Geoff]] </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0657 --> == Request for comment on Commons: Should Wikimedia support MP4 video? == ''I apologize for this message being only in English. Please translate it if needed to help your community.'' The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|multimedia team]] seeks community guidance on a proposal to support the [[w:MP4|MP4 video format]]. This digital video standard is used widely around the world to record, edit and watch videos on mobile phones, desktop computers and home video devices. It is also known as [[w:MP4|H.264/MPEG-4 or AVC]]. Supporting the MP4 format would make it much easier for our users to view and contribute video on Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects -- and video files could be offered in dual formats on our sites, so we could continue to support current open formats (WebM and Ogg Theora). However, MP4 is a patent-encumbered format, and using a proprietary format would be a departure from our current practice of only supporting open formats on our sites -- even though the licenses appear to have acceptable legal terms, with only a small fee required. We would appreciate your guidance on whether or not to support MP4. Our Request for Comments presents views both in favor and against MP4 support, based on opinions we’ve heard in our discussions with community and team members. [[commons:Commons:Requests for comment/MP4 Video|Please join this RfC -- and share your advice]]. All users are welcome to participate, whether you are active on Commons, Wikipedia, other Wikimedia project -- or any site that uses content from our free media repository. You are also welcome to join tomorrow's [[m:IRC_office_hours#Upcoming_office_hours|Office hours chat on IRC]], this Thursday, January 16, at 19:00 UTC, if you would like to discuss this project with our team and other community members. We look forward to a constructive discussion with you, so we can make a more informed decision together on this important topic. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 06:47, 16 January 2014 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MP4_notice_targets&oldid=7105580 --> == Universal Language Selector will be enabled by default again on this wiki by 21 February 2014 == <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> On January 21 2014 the MediaWiki extension [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) was [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Announcement Jan2014|disabled]] on this wiki. A new preference was added for logged-in users to turn on ULS. This was done to prevent slow loading of pages due to ULS webfonts, a behaviour that had been observed by the Wikimedia Technical Operations team on some wikis. We are now ready to enable ULS again. The temporary preference to enable ULS will be removed. A [[commons:File:ULS-font-checkbox.png|new checkbox]] has been added to the Language Panel to enable/disable font delivery. This will be unchecked by default for this wiki, but can be selected at any time by the users to enable webfonts. This is an interim solution while we improve the feature of webfonts delivery. You can read the [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Announcement Feb2014|announcement]] and the [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Upcoming Development Plan|development plan]] for more information. Apologies for writing this message only in English. Thank you. [[m:User_talk:Runab WMF|Runa]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Reenable_2014&oldid=7490703 --> == Amendment to the Terms of Use == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello all, Please join a discussion about a [[:m:Terms of use/Paid contributions amendment|proposed amendment]] to the [[wmf:Terms of Use|Wikimedia Terms of Use]] regarding undisclosed paid editing and we encourage you to voice your thoughts there. Please translate this statement if you can, and we welcome you to translate the proposed amendment and introduction. Please see [[:m:Terms of use/Paid contributions amendment|the discussion on Meta Wiki]] for more information. Thank you! [[:m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 22:00, 21 February 2014 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Jalexander@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=7499312 --> == Call for project ideas: funding is available for community experiments == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:IEG_key_blue.png|100px|right]] ''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.'' Do you have an idea for a project that could improve your community? [[m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants]] from the Wikimedia Foundation help support individuals and small teams to organize experiments for 6 months. You can get funding to try out your idea for online community organizing, outreach, tool-building, or research to help make {{SITENAME}} better. In March, we’re looking for new project proposals. Examples of past Individual Engagement Grant projects: *[[m:Grants:IEG/Build_an_effective_method_of_publicity_in_PRChina|Organizing social media for Chinese Wikipedia]] ($350 for materials) *[[m:Grants:IEG/Visual_editor-_gadgets_compatibility|Improving gadgets for Visual Editor]] ($4500 for developers) *[[m:Grants:IEG/The_Wikipedia_Library|Coordinating access to reliable sources for Wikipedians]] ($7500 for project management, consultants and materials) *[[m:Grants:IEG/Elaborate_Wikisource_strategic_vision|Building community and strategy for Wikisource]] (€10000 for organizing and travel) '''[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-applying|Proposals]] are due by 31 March 2014.''' There are a number of ways to [[m:Grants:IEG|get involved]]! Hope to have your participation, --[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 19:44, 28 February 2014 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:AKoval (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=IEG/MassMessageList&oldid=7675744 --> == Proposed optional changes to Terms of Use amendment == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello all, in response to some community comments in the discussion on the amendment to the Terms of Use on undisclosed paid editing, we have prepared two optional changes. Please [[m:Terms_of_use/Paid_contributions_amendment#Optional_changes|read about these optional changes on Meta wiki]] and share your comments. If you can (and this is a non english project), please translate this announcement. Thanks! [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 21:56, 13 March 2014 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Jalexander@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=7592057 --> == Catalan Culture Challenge == I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it. The Catalan-speaking world... Want to find out more? From March 16 to April 15 we will organise the [[:en:Wikipedia:Catalan culture challenge|Catalan Culture Challenge]], a Wikipedia editing contest in which victory will go to those who start and improve the greatest number of articles about 50 key figures of Catalan culture. You can take part by creating or expanding articles on these people in your native language (or any other one you speak). It would be lovely to have you on board. :-) We look forward to seeing you! [[:m:Amical Wikimedia|Amical Wikimedia]]--[[User:Kippelboy|Kippelboy]] ([[User talk:Kippelboy|talk]]) 06:09, 16 March 2014 (UTC) == Changes to the default site typography coming soon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> This week, the typography on Wikimedia sites will be updated for all readers and editors who use the default "Vector" skin. This change will involve new serif fonts for some headings, small tweaks to body content fonts, text size, text color, and spacing between elements. The schedule is: * '''April 1st''': non-Wikipedia projects will see this change live * '''April 3rd''': Wikipedias will see this change live This change is very similar to the "Typography Update" Beta Feature that has been available on Wikimedia projects since November 2013. After several rounds of testing and with feedback from the community, this Beta Feature will be disabled and successful aspects enabled in the default site appearance. Users who are logged in may still choose to use another skin, or alter their [[Special:MyPage/vector.css|personal CSS]], if they prefer a different appearance. Local [[MediaWiki:Common.css|common CSS]] styles will also apply as normal, for issues with local styles and scripts that impact all users. For more information: * [[mw:Typography refresh|Summary of changes and FAQ]] * [[mw:Talk:Typography refresh|Discussion page]] for feedback or questions * [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/27/typography-refresh/ Post] on blog.wikimedia.org -- [[m:User:Steven (WMF)|Steven Walling]] (Product Manager) on behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Design|User Experience Design]] team </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Steven (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=7990801 --> == No one needs free knowledge in Esperanto == There is a [[:de:Wikipedia Diskussion:Kurier#.E2.80.9ENiemand braucht freies Wissen auf Esperanto.E2.80.9C|current discussion]] on German Wikipedia on a decision of Asaf Bartov, Head of WMF Grants and Global South Partnerships, Wikimedia Foundation, who rejected a request for funding a proposal from wikipedians from eowiki one year ago with the explanation ''[[:meta:Grants_talk:PEG/KuboF_-_Esperanto_kaj_Libera_Scio/WikiTrans_training_and_work_session_2013#An_Esperanto_Wikipedia_does_not_advance_our_mission|the existence, cultivation, and growth of the Esperanto Wikipedia does not advance our educational mission. No one needs free knowledge in Esperanto]]''. On meta there has also started a discussion about that decision. --[[User:Holder|Holder]] ([[User talk:Holder|talk]]) 10:54, 5 May 2014 (UTC) == Media Viewer == <br> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, my apologies for writing in English. I wanted to let you know that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] will be released to this wiki in the coming weeks. Media Viewer allows readers of Wikimedia projects to have an enhanced view of files without having to visit the file page, but with more detail than a thumbnail. You can try Media Viewer out now by turning it on in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Features]]. If you do not enjoy Media Viewer or if it interferes with your work after it is turned on you will be able to disable Media Viewer as well in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|preferences]]. I invite you to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|share what you think]] about Media Viewer and how it can be made better in the future. Thank you for your time. - [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 21:29, 23 May 2014 (UTC) <small>--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]</small> </div> </br> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MassMessage/Multimedia/Media_Viewer&oldid=8631315 --> == Media Viewer is now live on this wiki == <br> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Media_Viewer_Desktop_-_Large_Image_Opaque_Info.png|thumb|Media Viewer lets you see images in larger size]] Greetings— and sorry for writing in English, please translate if it will help your community, The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|Multimedia team]] is happy to announce that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] was just released on this site today. Media Viewer displays images in larger size when you click on their thumbnails, to provide a better viewing experience. Users can now view images faster and more clearly, without having to jump to separate pages — and its user interface is more intuitive, offering easy access to full-resolution images and information, with links to the file repository for editing. The tool has been tested extensively across all Wikimedia wikis over the past six months as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] and has been [[mw:Multimedia/Media_Viewer/Release_Plan#Timeline|released]] to the largest Wikipedias, all language Wikisources, and the English Wikivoyage already. If you do not like this feature, you can easily turn it off by clicking on "Disable Media Viewer" at the bottom of the screen, pulling up the information panel (or in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]]) whether you have an account or not. Learn more [[mw:Help:Multimedia/Media_Viewer#How_can_I_turn_off_this_feature.3F|in this Media Viewer Help page]]. Please let us know if you have any questions or comments about Media Viewer. You are invited to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|share your feedback in this discussion on MediaWiki.org]] in any language, to help improve this feature. You are also welcome to [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-all?c=announce-all take this quick survey in English], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-fr en français], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-es o español]. We hope you enjoy Media Viewer. Many thanks to all the community members who helped make it possible. - [[mw:User:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|Fabrice Florin (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|talk]]) 21:54, 19 June 2014 (UTC) <small>--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MassMessage/Multimedia/Media_Viewer&oldid=8631315 --> ==Help for translate== Hello and sorry for writing in English. Can anyone help me translate a small article (2 paragraphs) from English to your language and create the article in your wiki? Please, fell free to answer in my talk page in your wiki anytime. Thanks! [[User:Xaris333|Xaris333]] ([[User talk:Xaris333|talk]]) 00:41, 13 August 2014 (UTC) == Letter petitioning WMF to reverse recent decisions == The Wikimedia Foundation recently created a new feature, "superprotect" status. The purpose is to prevent pages from being edited by elected administrators -- but permitting WMF staff to edit them. It has been put to use in only one case: to protect the deployment of the Media Viewer software on German Wikipedia, in defiance of a clear decision of that community to disable the feature by default, unless users decide to enable it. If you oppose these actions, please add your name to this letter. If you know non-Wikimedians who support our vision for the free sharing of knowledge, and would like to add their names to the list, please ask them to sign an identical version of the letter on change.org. * [[:m:Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer|Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer]] * [http://www.change.org/p/lila-tretikov-remove-new-superprotect-status-and-permit-wikipedia-communities-to-enact-current-software-decisions-uninhibited Letter on change.org] -- [[:m:User:JurgenNL|JurgenNL]] ([[:m:User talk:JurgenNL|talk]]) 17:35, 21 August 2014 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:JurgenNL@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=9313374 --> == Process ideas for software development == <div class=”mw-content-ltr”> ’’My apologies for writing in English.’’ Hello, I am notifying you that a brainstorming session has been [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)/Process ideas|started on Meta]] to help the Wikimedia Foundation increase and better affect community participation in software development across all wiki projects. Basically, how can you be more involved in helping to create features on Wikimedia projects? We are inviting all interested users to voice their ideas on how communities can be more involved and informed in the product development process at the Wikimedia Foundation. It would be very appreciated if you could translate this message to help inform your local communities as well. I and the rest of [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)|my team]] welcome you to participate. We hope to see you on Meta. Kind regards, -- [[m:User:Rdicerb (WMF)|Rdicerb (WMF)]] [[m:User talk:Rdicerb (WMF)|talk]] 22:15, 21 August 2014 (UTC) <small>--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=9313374 --> == Grants to improve your project == :''Apologies for English. Please help translate this message.'' Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals for funding new experiments from September 1st to 30th. Your idea could improve Wikimedia projects with a new tool or gadget, a better process to support community-building on your wiki, research on an important issue, or something else we haven't thought of yet. Whether you need $200 or $30,000 USD, Individual Engagement Grants can cover your own project development time in addition to hiring others to help you. *'''[[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|Submit your proposal]]''' *'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:52, 2 September 2014 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Sandbox&oldid=9730503 --> == VisualEditor available on Internet Explorer 11 == <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|right|frameless|200x200px]] VisualEditor will become available to users of Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 during today's regular software update. Support for some earlier versions of Internet Explorer is being worked on. If you encounter problems with VisualEditor on Internet Explorer, please contact the Editing team by leaving a message at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|VisualEditor/Feedback]] on Mediawiki.org. Happy editing, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 07:29, 11 September 2014 (UTC). PS. Please subscribe to the [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|global monthly newsletter]] to receive further news about VisualEditor. </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/All_Wikipedias&oldid=9829651 --> == Meta RfCs on two new global groups == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello all, There are currently requests for comment open on meta to create two new global groups. The first is a group for members of the OTRS permissions queue, which would grant them autopatrolled rights on all wikis except those who opt-out. That proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Creation of a global OTRS-permissions user group]]. The second is a group for Wikimedia Commons admins and OTRS agents to view deleted file pages through the 'viewdeletedfile' right on all wikis except those who opt-out. The second proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Global file deletion review]]. We would like to hear what you think on both proposals. Both are in English; if you wanted to translate them into your native language that would also be appreciated. It is possible for individual projects to opt-out, so that users in those groups do not have any additional rights on those projects. To do this please start a local discussion, and if there is consensus you can request to opt-out of either or both at [[m:Stewards' noticeboard]]. Thanks and regards, [[m:User:Ajraddatz|Ajraddatz]] ([[m:User talk:Ajraddatz|talk]]) 18:04, 26 October 2014 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ajraddatz@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=10024331 --> == [[:en:Languages in censuses|Languages in censuses]] == Hello, Dear wikipedians. I invite you to edit and improve this article and to add information about your and other country.--[[User:Kaiyr|Kaiyr]] ([[User talk:Kaiyr|talk]]) 13:36, 31 October 2014 (UTC) == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Now Available (November 2014) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.'' Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today :)]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for: *'''DeGruyter''': 1000 new accounts for English and German-language research. Sign up on one of two language Wikipedias: **[[w:en:Wikipedia:De_Gruyter|English signup]] **[[w:de:Wikipedia:De_Gruyter|Deutsch signup]] *'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Fold3|Fold3]]''': 100 new accounts for American history and military archives *'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:ScotlandsPeople|Scotland's People]]''': 100 new accounts for Scottish genealogy database *'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]''': expanded by 100+ accounts for British newspapers *'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam|Highbeam]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for newspaper and magazine archives *'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia| Questia]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for journal and social science articles *'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for journal archives Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]].23:19, 5 November 2014 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=9909230 --> == Global AbuseFilter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is a MediaWiki extension used to detect likely abusive behavior patterns, like pattern vandalism and spam. In 2013, [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global AbuseFilters]] were enabled on a limited set of wikis including Meta-Wiki, MediaWiki.org, Wikispecies and (in early 2014) all the "[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=small.dblist small wikis]". Recently, global abuse filters were enabled on "[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=medium.dblist medium sized wikis]" as well. These filters are currently managed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and have shown to be very effective in preventing mass spam attacks across Wikimedia projects. However, there is currently no policy on how the global AbuseFilters will be managed although there are proposals. There is an ongoing [[m:Requests for comment/Global AbuseFilter|request for comment]] on policy governing the use of the global AbuseFilters. In the meantime, specific wikis can opt out of using the global AbuseFilter. These wikis can simply add a request to [[m:Global AbuseFilter/Opt-out wikis|this list]] on Meta-Wiki. More details can be found on [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter/2014 announcement|this page]] at Meta-Wiki. If you have any questions, feel free to ask on [[m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter|m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter]]. Thanks, [[m:User:PiRSquared17|PiRSquared17]], [[m:User:Glaisher|Glaisher]]</div> — 17:36, 14 November 2014 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Glaisher@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_AbuseFilter/2014_announcement_distribution_list&oldid=10495115 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Now Available (December 2014) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.'' Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today :)]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: *[[w:en:WP:ELSEVIER|Elsevier]] - science and medicine journals and books *[[w:en:WP:RSC Gold|Royal Society of Chemistry]] - chemistry journals *[[w:en:wp:Pelican Books|Pelican Books]] - ebook monographs *[[w:en:WP:Public Catalogue Foundation|Public Catalogue Foundation]]- art books Other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]].00:22, 18 December 2014 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=10542996 --> == [Global proposal] m.{{SITENAME}}.org: {{int:group-all}} {{int:right-edit}} == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Mediawiki-mobile-smartphone.png|thumb|MediaWiki mobile]] Hi, this message is to let you know that, on domains like {{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}.'''m'''.wikipedia.org, '''unregistered users cannot edit'''. At the Wikimedia Forum, where global configuration changes are normally discussed, a few dozens users [[m:Wikimedia Forum#Proposal: restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites|propose to restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites]]. Please read and comment! Thanks and sorry for writing in English, [[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 22:33, 1 March 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Nemo bis@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=11428885 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.'' Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: *[[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]] — humanities and social science books and journals *[[w:en:Wikipedia:DynaMed|DynaMed]] — clinical reference tool for medical topics *[[w:en:Wikipedia:Royal Pharmaceutical Society|Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] — pharmaceutical information and practice resources *[[w:en:Wikipedia:Women_Writers_Online|Women Writers Online]] — a digital humanities database focused on women's literature *[[w:en:Wikipedia:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] — American newspapers database w/ Open Access opportunities (expansion of accounts) Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 21:14, 2 March 2015 (UTC) :''Help us coordinate Wikipedia Library's distribution of accounts, communication of access opportunities and more! Please join our team at [[w:en:Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator page]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=10785744 --> == Inspire Campaign: Improving diversity, improving content == This March, we’re organizing an Inspire Campaign to encourage and support new ideas for improving gender diversity on Wikimedia projects. Less than 20% of Wikimedia contributors are women, and many important topics are still missing in our content. We invite all Wikimedians to participate. If you have an idea that could help address this problem, please get involved today! The campaign runs until March 31. All proposals are welcome - research projects, technical solutions, community organizing and outreach initiatives, or something completely new! Funding is available from the Wikimedia Foundation for projects that need financial support. Constructive, positive feedback on ideas is appreciated, and collaboration is encouraged - your skills and experience may help bring someone else’s project to life. Join us at the Inspire Campaign and help this project better represent the world’s knowledge! :*[[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Inspire|Inspire Campaign main page]] ''(Sorry for the English - please translate this message!)'' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 20:02, 4 March 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Inspire_Mass_Message&oldid=11457822 --> == SUL finalization update == <div class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi all,apologies for writing in English, please read [[m:Single_User_Login_finalisation_announcement/Schema_announcement|this page]] for important information and an update involving [[m:Help:Unified login|SUL finalization]], scheduled to take place in one month. Thanks. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/Everyone_but_meta_and_de&oldid=11538208 --> == Stewards confirmation rules == Hello, I made [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Confirmation_of_stewards|a proposal on Meta]] to change the rules for the steward confirmations. Currently consensus to remove is required for a steward to lose his status, however I think it's fairer to the community if every steward needed the consensus to keep. As this is an issue that affects all WMF wikis, I'm sending this notification to let people know & be able to participate. Best regards, --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]]</small> 16:12, 10 Oforisuo 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MF-Warburg@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=11737694 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|Nominations are being accepted for 2015 Wikimedia Foundation elections]] == ''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translations]] are available.'' [[File:Wmf logo vert pms.svg|100px|right]] Greetings, I am pleased to announce that nominations are now being accepted for the 2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections. This year the Board and the FDC Staff are looking for a diverse set of candidates from regions and projects that are traditionally under-represented on the board and in the movement as well as candidates with experience in technology, product or finance. To this end they have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|published letters]] describing what they think is needed and, recognizing that those who know the community the best are the community themselves, the election committee is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|accepting nominations]] for community members you think should run and will reach out to those nominated to provide them with information about the job and the election process. This year, elections are being held for the following roles: ''Board of Trustees''<br/> The Board of Trustees is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long term sustainability of the Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. There are three positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|the board elections page]]. ''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)''<br/> The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities. There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|the FDC elections page]]. ''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) Ombud''<br/> The FDC Ombud receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees, and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. The candidacy submission phase lasts from 00:00 UTC April 20 to 23:59 UTC May 5 for the Board and from 00:00 UTCApril 20 to 23:59 UTC April 30 for the FDC and FDC Ombudsperson. This year, we are accepting both self-nominations and nominations of others. More information on this election and the nomination process can be found on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|the 2015 Wikimedia elections page on Meta-Wiki]]. Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the talk page on Meta, or sent to the election committee's mailing list, board-elections -at- wikimedia.org On behalf of the Elections Committee,<br/> -Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])<br/> Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]] ''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 05:03, 21 April 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]] <!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=11918510 --> == Content Translation now available as a beta feature on this Wikipedia == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello, we enabled [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] today as a beta feature on this Wikipedia. Content Translation is a tool that will help editors quickly create new articles by translating from a Wikipedia page in another language. The tool is currently in use in over [[mw:Content_translation/Languages#Available_languages|40 Wikipedias]] as a beta feature. To start translating, you will have to enable the beta feature and go to [[Special:ContentTranslation]] or to your contributions page and create a new translation by selecting the source language, the article name you wish to translate and target language i.e. the language of the new article you are creating. If the article already exists then a warning will be displayed. After you translate the article, you can publish it directly as a new page on the Wikipedia. In case the article gets created by another user while you were translating, you will see an option to save the newly published translation under your user namespace. The number of published pages can be seen on the [[Special:CXStats|Content Translation stats page]]. Since, this is the first time we have installed the tool on this Wikipedia, there are chances that there may be some problems or service disruptions which we are not yet aware of. We will be monitoring the usage to check for any failures or issues, but please do let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Content_translation|Content Translation talk page]] or through [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97540 Phabricator] if you spot any problems that prevent you from using the tool. For more information, please read [[:mw:Content_translation#Try_the_tool|about how to use the tool]]. You can also view a [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Content_Translation_Screencast_%28English%29.webm short screencast] on how to use Content Translation. My apologies for writing this announcement only in English. Please feel free to translate this message. Thank you. [[m:User_talk:Runab WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee]] 15:49, 30 Oforisuo 2015 (UTC) Message sent using [[m:Global_message_delivery]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/CX/30_April_2015&oldid=12073755 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections 2015]] == [[File:Wikimedia Foundation RGB logo with text.svg|right|75px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun]] ''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translations]] are available.'' [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Voting has begun]] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|FDC Ombudsperson]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' will continue during the voting. Nominations for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Board of Trustees]]'' will be accepted until 23:59 UTC May 5. The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities. There are five positions on the committee being filled. The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee/Ombudsperson role, expectations, and selection process|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]], and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 3 to 23:59 UTC May 10. '''[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Click here to vote]].''' Questions and discussion with the candidates will continue during that time. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC candidates a question]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC Ombudsperson candidates a question]].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|2015 FDC election page]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|2015 FDC Ombudsperson election page]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 Board election page]] on Meta-Wiki. On behalf of the Elections Committee,<br/> -Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])<br/> Volunteer Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]] ''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 03:45, 4 May 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]] <!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12082785 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.'' Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:en:WP:MIT|MIT Press Journals]]''' — scholarly journals in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences (200 accounts) * '''[[w:en:WP:Loeb|Loeb Classical Library]]''' — Harvard University Press versions of Classical Greek and Latin literature with commentary and annotation (25 accounts) * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:RIPM|RIPM]]''' — music periodicals published between 1760 and 1966 (20 accounts) * '''[[w:en:WP:SAGE Stats|Sage Stats]]''' — social science data for geographies within the United States (10 accounts) * '''[[w:en:WP:HeinOnline|HeinOnline]]''' — an extensive legal research database, including 2000 law-related journals as well as international legal history materials (25 accounts) Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:12, 4 May 2015 (UTC) :''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup Global our new coordinator signup].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=12114173 --> == [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=tw Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections 2015] == [[File:Wmf logo vert pms.svg|right|100px|link=metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun]] ''This is a message from the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=tw Voting has begun] for [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015/Questions|Board]]'' will continue during the voting. The ''[[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]'' is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons. The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 17 to 23:59 UTC May 31. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=tw Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 ''Board'' election page]] on Meta-Wiki. On behalf of the Elections Committee,<br/> -Gregory Varnum ([[metawiki:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])<br/> Volunteer Coordinator, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]] ''Posted by the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 17:20, 17 May 2015 (UTC) • [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[metawiki:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]] <!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12206621 --> == Pywikibot compat will no longer be supported - Please migrate to pywikibot core == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <small>Sorry for English, I hope someone translates this.</small><br /> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] (then "Pywikipediabot") was started back in 2002. In 2007 a new branch (formerly known as "rewrite", now called "core") was started from scratch using the MediaWiki API. The developers of Pywikibot have decided to stop supporting the compat version of Pywikibot due to bad performance and architectural errors that make it hard to update, compared to core. If you are using pywikibot compat it is likely your code will break due to upcoming MediaWiki API changes (e.g. [[phab:T101524|T101524]]). It is highly recommended you migrate to the core framework. There is a [[mw:Manual:Pywikibot/Compat deprecation|migration guide]], and please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Communication|contact us]] if you have any problem. There is an upcoming MediaWiki API breaking change that compat will not be updated for. If your bot's name is in [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2015-June/081931.html this list], your bot will most likely break. Thank you,<br /> The Pywikibot development team, 19:30, 5 June 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ladsgroup@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12271740 --> ==Need revision== Dear all, I am translating the text of this link https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Information_Science_and_Technology_%22St._Paul_The_Apostle%22 in Ganian language. The translation can be found on the next link https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osuani_Paul_sukuu_p%C9%94n_University_for_Information_Science_and_Technology. Thank you in forward. Best regards, [[User:Jovanuist|Jovanuist]] ([[User talk:Jovanuist|talk]]) 11:28, 12 June 2015 (UTC) == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (June 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:en:WP:TANDF|Taylor & Francis]]''' — academic publisher of journals. The pilot includes two subject collections: Arts & Humanities and Biological, Environment & Earth Sciences. (30 accounts) *'''[[w:en:WP:World Bank|World Bank eLibrary]]''' — digital platform containing all books, working papers, and journal articles published by the World Bank from the 1990s to the present. (100 accounts) * '''[[w:en:WP:AAAS|AAAS]]''' — general interest science publisher, who publishes the journal ''Science'' among other sources (50 accounts) '''New French-Language Branch!''' * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Erudit|Érudit]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%89rudit|en Francais]]) — Érudit is a French-Canadian scholarly aggregator primarily, humanities and social sciences, and contains sources in both English and French. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (50 accounts). * '''[[w:en:WP:Cairn|Cairn.info]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cairn|en Francais]]) — Cairn.info is a Switzerland based online web portal of scholarly materials in the humanities and social sciences. Most sources are in French, but some also in English. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (100 accounts). * '''[[w:fr:WP:L'Harmattan|L'Harmattan]]''' — French language publisher across a wide range of non-fiction and fiction, with a strong selection of francophone African materials (1000 accounts). Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including an expansion of accounts for [[w:en:WP:RSUK|Royal Society journals]] and remaining accounts on [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. If you have suggestions for journals or databases we should seek access to [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals/Requests|make a request]]! Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:08, 15 June 2015 (UTC) :''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator signup]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [[meta:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery| Global Mass Message]] tool to [[meta:Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]]</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=12455967 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (June 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:en:WP:TANDF|Taylor & Francis]]''' — academic publisher of journals. The pilot includes two subject collections: Arts & Humanities and Biological, Environment & Earth Sciences. (30 accounts) *'''[[w:en:WP:World Bank|World Bank eLibrary]]''' — digital platform containing all books, working papers, and journal articles published by the World Bank from the 1990s to the present. (100 accounts) * '''[[w:en:WP:AAAS|AAAS]]''' — general interest science publisher, who publishes the journal ''Science'' among other sources (50 accounts) '''New French-Language Branch!''' * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Erudit|Érudit]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%89rudit|en Francais]]) — Érudit is a French-Canadian scholarly aggregator primarily, humanities and social sciences, and contains sources in both English and French. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (50 accounts). * '''[[w:en:WP:Cairn|Cairn.info]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cairn|en Francais]]) — Cairn.info is a Switzerland based online web portal of scholarly materials in the humanities and social sciences. Most sources are in French, but some also in English. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (100 accounts). * '''[[w:fr:WP:L'Harmattan|L'Harmattan]]''' — French language publisher across a wide range of non-fiction and fiction, with a strong selection of francophone African materials (1000 accounts). Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including an expansion of accounts for [[w:en:WP:RSUK|Royal Society journals]] and remaining accounts on [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. If you have suggestions for journals or databases we should seek access to [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals/Requests|make a request]]! Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:08, 15 June 2015 (UTC) :''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator signup]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [[meta:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery| Global Mass Message]] tool to [[meta:Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]]</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=12455967 --> == HTTPS == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. Hi everyone. Over the last few years, the Wikimedia Foundation has [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/08/01/future-https-wikimedia-projects/ been working] towards enabling [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|HTTPS]] by default for all users, including unregistered ones, for better privacy and security for both readers and editors. This has taken a long time, as there were different aspects to take into account. Our servers haven't been ready to handle it. The Wikimedia Foundation has had to balance sometimes conflicting goals. [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/ Forced HTTPS] has just been implemented on all Wikimedia projects. Some of you might already be aware of this, as a few Wikipedia language versions were converted to HTTPS last week and the then affected communities were notified. Most of Wikimedia editors shouldn't be affected at all. If you edit as registered user, you've probably already had to log in through HTTPS. We'll keep an eye on this to make sure everything is working as it should. Do get in touch with [[:m:HTTPS#Help!|us]] if you have any problems after this change or contact me if you have any other questions. /[[:m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]] </div> 22:00, 19 June 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/HTTPS_global_message_delivery&oldid=12471979 --> == HTTPS == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. Hi everyone. Over the last few years, the Wikimedia Foundation has [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/08/01/future-https-wikimedia-projects/ been working] towards enabling [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|HTTPS]] by default for all users, including unregistered ones, for better privacy and security for both readers and editors. This has taken a long time, as there were different aspects to take into account. Our servers haven't been ready to handle it. The Wikimedia Foundation has had to balance sometimes conflicting goals. [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/ Forced HTTPS] has just been implemented on all Wikimedia projects. Some of you might already be aware of this, as a few Wikipedia language versions were converted to HTTPS last week and the then affected communities were notified. Most of Wikimedia editors shouldn't be affected at all. If you edit as registered user, you've probably already had to log in through HTTPS. We'll keep an eye on this to make sure everything is working as it should. Do get in touch with [[:m:HTTPS#Help!|us]] if you have any problems after this change or contact me if you have any other questions. /[[:m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]] </div> 00:29, 20 June 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/HTTPS_global_message_delivery&oldid=12471979 --> == Proposal to create PNG thumbnails of static GIF images == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.gif|255px|thumb|The thumbnail of this gif is of really bad quality.]] [[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.png|255px|thumb|How a PNG thumb of this GIF would look like]] There is a [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal]] at the Commons Village Pump requesting feedback about the thumbnails of static GIF images: It states that static GIF files should have their thumbnails created in PNG. The advantages of PNG over GIF would be visible especially with GIF images using an alpha channel. (compare the thumbnails on the side) This change would affect all wikis, so if you support/oppose or want to give general feedback/concerns, please post them to the [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal page]]. Thank you. --[[w:c:User:McZusatz|McZusatz]] ([[w:c:User talk:McZusatz|talk]]) & [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:07, 24 July 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:-revi@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12485605 --> == Proposal to create PNG thumbnails of static GIF images == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.gif|255px|thumb|The thumbnail of this gif is of really bad quality.]] [[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.png|255px|thumb|How a PNG thumb of this GIF would look like]] There is a [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal]] at the Commons Village Pump requesting feedback about the thumbnails of static GIF images: It states that static GIF files should have their thumbnails created in PNG. The advantages of PNG over GIF would be visible especially with GIF images using an alpha channel. (compare the thumbnails on the side) This change would affect all wikis, so if you support/oppose or want to give general feedback/concerns, please post them to the [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal page]]. Thank you. --[[w:c:User:McZusatz|McZusatz]] ([[w:c:User talk:McZusatz|talk]]) & [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 07:20, 24 July 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:-revi@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12485605 --> == What does a Healthy Community look like to you? == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]] Hi, <br> The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community. Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship! Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]] === Why get involved? === '''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn? <br/> Share your views on this matter that affects us all! <br> '''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' === More information === * All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. * <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"> All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at <nowiki>23:59</nowiki> UTC''' </span> * <big> Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' </big> * URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign * Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org <br> Happy editing! <br> <br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 23:42, 31 July 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:MCruz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12909005 --> == What does a Healthy Community look like to you? == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]] Hi, <br> The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community. Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship! Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]] === Why get involved? === '''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn? <br/> Share your views on this matter that affects us all! <br> '''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' === More information === * All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. * <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"> All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at <nowiki>23:59</nowiki> UTC''' </span> * <big> Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' </big> * URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign * Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org <br> Happy editing! <br> <br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:16, 1 August 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:MCruz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=12909005 --> == Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is coming == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> (Sorry for writing in English) When using data from Wikidata on Wikipedia and other sister projects, there is currently a limitation in place that hinders some use cases: data can only be accessed from the corresponding item. So, for example, the Wikipedia article about Berlin can only get data from the Wikidata item about Berlin but not from the item about Germany. This had technical reasons. We are now removing this limitation. It is already done for many projects. Your project is one of the next ones. We will roll out this feature here on August 12. We invite you to play around with this new feature if you are one of the people who have been waiting for this for a long time. If you have technical issues/questions with this you can come to [[d:Wikidata:Contact the development team]]. A note of caution: Please be careful with how many items you use for a single page. If it is too many pages, loading might get slow. We will have to see how the feature behaves in production to see where we need to tweak and how. How to use it, once it is enabled: * Parser function: <nowiki>{{#property:P36|from=Q183}}</nowiki> to get the capital from the item about Germany * Lua: see [[mw:Extension:Wikibase Client/Lua]] Cheers [[:d:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:46, 3 August 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&oldid=12981073 --> == Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is here == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> (Sorry for writing in English) Hi everyone, As I have previously announced here we have now enabled the arbitrary access feature here. This means from now on you can make use of data from any Wikidata item in any article here. Before you could for example only access data about Berlin in the article about Berlin. If you want to find out more or have questions please come to [[d:Wikidata:Arbitrary access]]. I hope this will open up great possibilities for you and make your work easier. Cheers [[:d:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 13:32, 12 August 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&oldid=12983468 --> == How can we improve Wikimedia grants to support you better? == ''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.'' Hello, The Wikimedia Foundation would like your feedback about how we can '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|reimagine Wikimedia Foundation grants]]''', to better support people and ideas in your Wikimedia project. Ways to participate: *Respond to questions on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|the discussion page of the idea]]. *Join a [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|small group conversation]]. *Learn more about [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Consultation|this consultation]]. Feedback is welcome in any language. With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. ([[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/ProjectTargets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) <small>This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].</small> 00:14, 19 August 2015 (UTC) == How can we improve Wikimedia grants to support you better? == ''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.'' Hello, The Wikimedia Foundation would like your feedback about how we can '''[[Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|reimagine Wikimedia Foundation grants]]''', to better support people and ideas in your Wikimedia project. Ways to participate: *Respond to questions on [[Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|the discussion page of the idea]]. *Join a [[Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|small group conversation]]. *Learn more about [[Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Consultation|this consultation]]. Feedback is welcome in any language. With thanks, [[User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. ([[Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/ProjectTargets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) <small>This message was sent by {{user|I JethroBT (WMF)}} through [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].</small> 00:38, 19 August 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/ProjectTargets&oldid=13196071 --> == Introducing the Wikimedia public policy site == Hi all, We are excited to introduce a new Wikimedia Public Policy site. The site includes resources and position statements on access, copyright, censorship, intermediary liability, and privacy. The site explains how good public policy supports the Wikimedia projects, editors, and mission. Visit the public policy portal: https://policy.wikimedia.org/ Please help translate the [[m:Public policy|statements on Meta Wiki]]. You can [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/09/02/new-wikimedia-public-policy-site/ read more on the Wikimedia blog]. Thanks, [[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] and [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Stephen]] ([[m:User talk:Slaporte (WMF)|Talk]]) 18:12, 2 September 2015 (UTC) ''(Sent with the [[m:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery system]])'' <!-- Message sent by User:Slaporte (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Slaporte_(WMF)/Announcing_public_policy_site&oldid=13439030 --> == Open call for Individual Engagement Grants == ''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.'' Greetings! The '''[[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' until September 29th to fund new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental ideas that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers. Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), Individual Engagement Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space. *[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] *[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] or [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|an upcoming Hangout session]] *[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]] Thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. 20:52, 4 September 2015 (UTC) ([[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)/IEG 2015 Targets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) <small>This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].</small> <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=13476366 --> == Open call for Individual Engagement Grants == ''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.'' Greetings! The '''[[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' until September 29th to fund new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental ideas that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers. Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), Individual Engagement Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space. *[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] *[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] or [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|an upcoming Hangout session]] *[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]] Thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. 21:58, 4 September 2015 (UTC) ([[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)/IEG 2015 Targets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) <small>This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].</small> <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=13476366 --> == New Wikipedia Library Database Access (September 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCOHost]]''' - this is one of our largest access donations so far: access to a wide variety of academic, newspaper and magazine sources through their Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete and MasterFILE Complete * '''[[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]''' - historical newspapers from the United States, Canada, UK and 20 other countries, and includes an Open Access "clipping" feature (1000 accounts) * '''[[w:en:WP:IMF|IMF Elibary]]'''- a digital collection of the IMF's reports, studies and research on global economics and development (50 accounts) * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Sabinet|Sabinet]]''' - one of the largest African digital publishers, based in South Africa, with a wide range of content in English and other European and African languages (10 accounts) * '''[[w:fr:Wikipédia:Numérique Premium|Numérique Premium]]''' - a French language social science and humanities ebook database, with topical collections on a wide range of topics (100) *'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة_ويكيبيديا/المنهل|Al Manhal]]''' - an Arabic and English database with a wide range of sources, largely focused on or published in the Middle East (60 accounts) *'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/جملون|Jamalon]]''' - an Arabic book distributor, who is providing targeted book delivery to volunteers (50 editors) Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including expanded accounts for [[w:en:WP:Elsevier ScienceDirect|Elsevier ScienceDirect]], [[w:en:WP:BMJ|British Medical Journal]] and [[w:en:WP:Dynamed|Dynamed]] and additional accounts for [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] and [[w:en:HeinOnline|HeinOnline]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 19:42, 16 September 2015 (UTC) :''We need help! Help us coordinate Wikipedia Library's distribution of accounts, communication of access opportunities and more! Please join our team at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup our new coordinator signup].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=13664781 --> == Only one week left for Individual Engagement Grant proposals! == (Apologies for using English below, please help translate if you are able.) '''There is still one week left to submit [[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grant]] (IEG) proposals''' before the September 29th deadline. If you have ideas for new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today! Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well. Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request. *[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] *[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] *[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]] [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]] 21:01, 22 September 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=13754911 --> == Reimagining WMF grants report == ''(My apologies for using English here, please help translate if you are able.)'' Last month, we asked for community feedback on [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants| a proposal to change the structure of WMF grant programs]]. Thanks to the 200+ people who participated! '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/Outcomes| A report]]''' on what we learned and changed based on this consultation is now available. Come read about the findings and next steps as WMF’s Community Resources team begins to implement changes based on your feedback. Your questions and comments are welcome on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Outcomes|the outcomes discussion page]]. With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 16:56, 28 September 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/ProjectTargets&oldid=13850666 --> == Community Wishlist Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi everyone! Apologies for posting in English. Translations are very welcome. The [[:m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation is focused on building improved curation and moderation tools for experienced Wikimedia contributors. We're now starting a '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]''' to find the most useful projects that we can work on. For phase 1 of the survey, we're inviting all active contributors to submit brief proposals, explaining the project that you'd like us to work on, and why it's important. Phase 1 will last for 2 weeks. In phase 2, we'll ask you to vote on the proposals. Afterwards, we'll analyze the top 10 proposals and create a prioritized wishlist. While most of this process will be conducted in English, we're inviting people from any Wikimedia wiki to submit proposals. We'll also invite volunteer translators to help translate proposals into English. Your proposal should include: the problem that you want to solve, who would benefit, and a proposed solution, if you have one. You can submit your proposal on the Community Wishlist Survey page, using the entry field and the big blue button. We will be accepting proposals for 2 weeks, ending on November 23. We're looking forward to hearing your ideas! </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Community Tech Team via [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 21:57, 9 November 2015 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&oldid=14554458 --> == Wikimania 2016 scholarships ambassadors needed == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello! [[wm2016:|Wikimania 2016]] scholarships will soon be open; by the end of the week we'll form the committee and we need your help, see [[wm2016:Special:MyLanguage/Scholarship committee|Scholarship committee]] for details. If you want to carefully review nearly a thousand applications in January, you might be a perfect committee member. Otherwise, you can '''volunteer as "ambassador"''': you will observe all the committee activities, ensure that people from your language or project manage to apply for a scholarship, translate '''scholarship applications written in your language''' to English and so on. Ambassadors are allowed to ask for a scholarship, unlike committee members. [[wm2016:Scholarship committee|Wikimania 2016 scholarships subteam]] 10:48, 10 November 2015 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Nemo bis@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=14347818 --> == Harassment consultation == {{int:Please-translate}} The Community Advocacy team the Wikimedia Foundation has opened a consultation on the topic of '''harassment''' on [[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Meta]]. The consultation period is intended to run for one month from today, November 16, and end on December 17. Please share your thoughts there on harassment-related issues facing our communities and potential solutions. (Note: this consultation is not intended to evaluate specific cases of harassment, but rather to discuss the problem of harassment itself.) ::*[[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Harassment consultation 2015]] :Regards, [[m:Community Advocacy|Community Advocacy, Wikimedia Foundation]] <!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Inspire_Mass_Message&oldid=14684364 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Your input requested on the proposed #FreeBassel banner campaign]] == ''This is a message regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|proposed 2015 Free Bassel banner]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translations]] are available.'' Hi everyone, This is to inform all Wikimedia contributors that a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|straw poll seeking your involvement]] has just been started on Meta-Wiki. As some of your might be aware, a small group of Wikimedia volunteers have proposed a banner campaign informing Wikipedia readers about the urgent situation of our fellow Wikipedian, open source software developer and Creative Commons activist, [[:w:Bassel Khartabil|Bassel Khartabil]]. An exemplary [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|banner]] and an [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|explanatory page]] have now been prepared, and translated into about half a dozen languages by volunteer translators. We are seeking [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|your involvement to decide]] if the global Wikimedia community approves starting a banner campaign asking Wikipedia readers to call on the Syrian government to release Bassel from prison. We understand that a campaign like this would be unprecedented in Wikipedia's history, which is why we're seeking the widest possible consensus among the community. Given Bassel's urgent situation and the resulting tight schedule, we ask everyone to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|get involved with the poll and the discussion]] to the widest possible extent, and to promote it among your communities as soon as possible. (Apologies for writing in English; please kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|translate]] this message into your own language.) Thank you for your participation! ''Posted by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 21:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translate]] • [[:m:Talk:Free Bassel/Banner|Get help]] <!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=14758733 --> == Community Wishlist Survey == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi everyone! Apologies for posting this in English. Translations are very welcome. We're beginning the second part of the Community Tech team's '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Voting|Community Wishlist Survey]]''', and we're inviting all active contributors to vote on the proposals that have been submitted. Thanks to you and other Wikimedia contributors, 111 proposals were submitted to the team. We've split the proposals into categories, and now it's time to vote! You can vote for any proposal listed on the pages, using the <nowiki>{{Support}}</nowiki> tag. Feel free to add comments pro or con, but only support votes will be counted. The voting period will be 2 weeks, ending on December 14. The proposals with the most support votes will be the team's top priority backlog to investigate and address. Thank you for participating, and we're looking forward to hearing what you think! Community Tech via </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:39, 1 December 2015 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&oldid=14913494 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (December 2015) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] - multidisciplinary periodicals, newspapers, and reference sources - 10 accounts * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Brill|Brill]] - academic e-books and journals in English, Dutch, and other languages - 25 accounts * [[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Suomalaisen_Kirjallisuuden_Seura|Finnish Literature Society]] (in Finnish) * [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:مگ‌ایران|Magiran]] (in Farsi) - scientific journal articles - 100 articles * [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:سیویلیکا|Civilica]] (in Farsi) - Iranian journal articles, seminars, and conferences - 50 accounts Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 01:01, 11 December 2015 (UTC) :''Help us a start Wikipedia Library in your language! Email us at wikipedialibrary@wikimedia.org''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Matiia@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=14689842 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.'' [[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]] As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday! People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts. Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas: * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message! Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed. If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]]. Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!<br /> -The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team ''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 20:58, 18 December 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=15158198 --> == Wikimania 2016 Scholarships - Deadline soon! == :{{int:Please-translate}} A reminder - applications for scholarships for Wikimania 2016 in Esino Lario, Italy, are closing soon! Please get your applications in by January 9th. To apply, visit the page below: :*[https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scholarships Wikimania 2016 Scholarships] [[User:PEarley (WMF)|Patrick Earley (WMF)]] via [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:49, 5 January 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&oldid=15209973 --> == 2016 WMF Strategy consultation == :{{int:Please-translate}} Hello, all. The Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) has launched a consultation to help create and prioritize WMF strategy beginning July 2016 and for the 12 to 24 months thereafter. This consultation will be open, on Meta, from 18 January to 26 February, after which the Foundation will also use these ideas to help inform its Annual Plan. (More on our timeline can be found on that Meta page.) Your input is welcome (and greatly desired) at the Meta discussion, [[:m:2016 Strategy/Community consultation|2016 Strategy/Community consultation]]. Apologies for English, where this is posted on a non-English project. We thought it was more important to get the consultation translated as much as possible, and good headway has been made there in some languages. There is still much to do, however! We created [[:m:2016 Strategy/Translations]] to try to help coordinate what needs translation and what progress is being made. :) If you have questions, please reach out to me on my talk page or on the strategy consultation's talk page or by email to mdennis@wikimedia.org. I hope you'll join us! [[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis]] via [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:07, 18 January 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Mdennis (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&oldid=15253743 --> == Is this project viable? == {{Babel|tw}} Here's Babel:<br />[[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[User talk:Varlaam|talk]]) 23:36, 19 January 2016 (UTC) == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2016) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}'' Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for access to research materials from: * '''[[w:en:WP:Cambridge|Cambridge University Press]]''' - a major publisher of academic journals and e-books in a variety of subject areas. Access includes both Cambridge Journals Online and Cambridge Books. 25 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Alexander Street|Alexander Street ''Academic Video Online'']]''' - a large academic video collection good for a wide range of subjects, including news programs (such as PBS and BBC), music and theatre, lectures and demonstrations, and documentaries. 25 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Baylor|Baylor University Press]]''' - a publisher of academic e-books primarily in religious studies and the humanities. 50 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Future Science Group|Future Science Group]]''' - a publisher of medical, biotechnological and scientific research. 30 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Annual Reviews|Annual Reviews]]''' - a publisher of review articles in the biomedical sciences. 100 accounts. * '''[[w:en:WP:Miramar|Miramar Ship Index]]''' - an index to ships and their histories since the early 19th century. 30 accounts. '''Non-English''' *'''[[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:نورمگز|Noormags]]''' - Farsi-language aggregator of academic and professional journals and magazines. 30 accounts. *'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/كتبنا|Kotobna]]''' - Arabic-language ebook publishing platform. 20 accounts. '''Expansions''' *'''[[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]]''' - aggregator of newspapers, magazines and journals. 50 accounts. *'''[[w:en:WP:Elsevier|Elsevier ScienceDirect]]''' - an academic publishing company that publishes medical and scientific literature. 100 accounts. Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:De Gruyter|De Gruyter]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 20:30, 17 March 2016 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].'' :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=15424370 --> == Open Call for Individual Engagement Grants == [[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]] {{int:Please-translate}}: Greetings! The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IEG|Individual Engagement Grants (IEG) program]] is accepting proposals''' until April 12th to fund new tools, research, outreach efforts, and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers. Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), IEGs can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space. *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help''' with your proposal]] in an upcoming Hangout session *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]] With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 15:47, 31 March 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=15490024 --> == Server switch 2016 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its newest data center in Dallas. This will make sure Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test. This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the new data center on '''Tuesday, 19 April'''.<br/> On '''Thursday, 21 April''', they will switch back to the primary data center. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for approximately 15 to 30 minutes on Tuesday, 19 April and Thursday, 21 April, starting at 14:00 UTC (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT). If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be a code freeze for the week of 18 April. No non-essential code deployments will take place. This test was originally planned to take place on March 22. April 19th and 21st are the new dates. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for Q3 FY2015-2016 rollout|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. They will post any changes on that schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' /[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 21:08, 17 Oforisuo 2016 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Server_switch_2016/Delivery_list&oldid=15533827 --> == Wikipedia to the Moon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello! Sorry that this is in English only, but we are using village pump messaging in order to reach as many language communities as possible. Wrong page? Please fix it [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|here]]. This is an invitation to all Wikipedians: Wikimedia Deutschland has been given data space to include Wikipedia content in an upcoming mission to the Moon. (No joke!) We have launched a community discussion about how to do that, because we feel that this is for the global community of editors. Please, '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon|join the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]''' (and translate this invitation to your language community)! Best, [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia to the Moon|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 15:35, 21 Oforisuo 2016 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=15542536 --> ==Announcement about the visual editor at this wiki== ''{{Int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' Hello everyone. My name is Erica and I am a Community Liaison for the Wikimedia Foundation team working on the visual editor. Nice to meet you! '''[[:mw:VisualEditor/Portal|The visual editor]] will be available for all contributors at this Wikipedia later this year.''' The visual editor allows people to edit articles as if they were using a typical word processor. There is no target date for the rollout yet. After the deployment, everyone will automatically have the option to use either the visual editor or the current wikitext editor. For more information about how to use the visual editor, see [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/User guide]]. [[File:VisualEditor and wikitext side-by-side.png|alt=Side by side screenshots, showing the visual appearance of both editing systems |center|frameless|757px]] You can use the visual editor right now. To turn it on, select [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|"{{int:betafeatures-toplink}}"]] in your preferences. Choose "{{int:visualeditor}}" and click save. When it is enabled, press the "{{int:vector-view-edit}}" button to edit an article in the new software. When the visual editor is open, you can switch to the wikitext editor any time you want. Just click the '''<nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki>''' icon in the toolbar, next to the "Save" button. Inside the wikitext editor, click the pencil icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|20px]]) in the upper right corner to switch to the visual editor. After the deployment, you'll be presented with several options to choose your favorite editing setting. There is a '''[[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE as the main editor|short guide at mediawiki.org]]''' that has some tips about getting the best value out of the visual editor for your project. In particular, please consider providing translations [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-visualeditor-0-all&language=tw here] and for the [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|user guide]]. Please contact me if you want guidance in contributing translations! * It's much easier to add templates if you've added [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] information. This is particularly important for popular templates, such as infoboxes or Cite templates. * Please let me know if you find any problems while testing. You can report issues in [[phab:|Phabricator, the new bug tracking system]] or on the [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|central feedback page]] on MediaWiki.org. If you notice major issues affecting your project, please leave a note [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|on my talk page]]. * [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Sign up for the visual editor's multilingual newsletter]] if you want to hear about new features. Thank you, and happy editing! – [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)| Elitre (WMF)]] 13:26, 9 June 2016 (UTC) == Wikipedia to the Moon: voting has begun == Hello, after six weeks of community discussion about [https://moon.wikimedia.org Wikipedia to the Moon], there are now 10 different proposals for content for the mission. Starting today, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia_to_the_Moon/Voting|you can vote for them on Meta-Wiki]], and decide what we will work on: a Wikipedia canon, different lists, the Moon in 300 languages, an astronomy editathon, featured articles, articles about technology, endangered things, or DNA-related topics. You can even vote against community involvement. Voting is open until 24 June. Sorry that this message is again in English only, but we are using village pumps to reach as many communities as possible, so that everyone knows they can vote. Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 15:31, 10 June 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=15542536 --> == Compact Language Links enabled in this wiki today == {{int:Please-translate}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]] [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). Based on several factors, this shorter list of languages is expected to be more relevant for them and valuable for finding similar content in a language known to them. More information about compact language links can be found in [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|the documentation]]. From today onwards, compact language links has been enabled as the default listing of interlanguage links on this wiki. Using the button at the bottom, you will be able to see a longer list of all the languages the article has been written in. The setting for this compact list can be changed by using the checkbox under ''User Preferences -> Appearance -> Languages'' The compact language links feature has been tested extensively by the Wikimedia Language team, which developed it. However, in case there are any problems or other feedback please let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project talk page]] or on this discussion thread. It is to be noted that on some wikis the presence of an existing older gadget that was used for a similar purpose may cause an interference for compact language list. We would like to bring this to the attention of the admins of this wiki. Full details are on [[phab:T131455|this phabricator ticket]] (in English). Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]]) 07:04, 24 June 2016 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/24_June&oldid=15720673 --> == Wikipedia to the Moon: invitation to edit == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Three weeks ago, you were invited to vote on how to take Wikipedia articles to the Moon. Community voting is over and the winning idea is to send all ‘’featured articles and lists’’ to the Moon. This decision means that, starting today, Wikipedians from all language communities are warmly invited to intensively work on their best articles and lists, and submit them to Wikipedia to the Moon. The central site to coordinate between communities will be Meta-Wiki. You will find an [[m:Wikipedia to the Moon/Working|overview and more information there]]. Hopefully, we will be able to represent as many languages as possible, to show Wikipedia’s diversity. Please feel kindly invited to edit on behalf of your community and tell us about your work on featured content! Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 14:10, 1 July 2016 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=15542536 --> == Save/Publish == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> The [[:mw:Editing|Editing]] team is planning to change the name of the [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Savearticle “<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>”] button to [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishpage “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishchanges “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>'''”]. “<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>” will be used when you create a new page. “<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>” will be used when you change an existing page. The names will be consistent in all editing environments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033] This change will probably happen during the week of 30 August 2016. The change will be announced in [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]] when it happens. If you are fluent in a language other than English, please check the status of translations at translatewiki.net for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishpage “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishchanges “'''<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>'''”]. The main reason for this change is to avoid confusion for new editors. Repeated user research studies with new editors have shown that some new editors believed that [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Savearticle “<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>”] would save a private copy of a new page in their accounts, rather than permanently publishing their changes on the web. It is important for this part of the user interface to be clear, since it is difficult to remove public information after it is published. We believe that the confusion caused by the “<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>” button increases the workload for experienced editors, who have to clean up the information that people unintentionally disclose, and report it to the functionaries and stewards to suppress it. Clarifying what the button does will reduce this problem. Beyond that, the goal is to make all the wikis and languages more consistent, and some wikis made this change many years ago. The [[:m:Legal|Legal team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation supports this change. Making the edit interface easier to understand will make it easier to handle licensing and privacy questions that may arise. Any help pages or other basic documentation about how to edit pages will also need to be updated, on-wiki and elsewhere. On wiki pages, you can use the wikitext codes <code><nowiki>{{int:Publishpage}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{int:Publishchanges}}</nowiki></code> to display the new labels in the user's preferred language. For the language settings in [[Special:Preferences|your account preferences]], these wikitext codes produce “<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>” and “<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>”. Please share this news with community members who teach new editors and with others who may be interested. </div> [[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 18:03, 9 August 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=15790914 --> ==Wikipedia to the Moon working phase== Dear Twi Wikipedia language community, First of all, I am sorry to write this in English. You may already have heard about [[:meta:Wikipdia_to_the_Moon|Wikipedia to the Moon]]: A team of scientists called the “PT Scientists” are going to send a space craft to the moon in 2017 and they want to take Wikipedia along with them. Because Wikipedia is so big, we cannot send all of it to the moon. That is why the international Wikipedia-community has voted to send all “Featured Articles and Featured Lists“ from all languages in Wikipedia. [[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|“Featured Articles“]] is a category in many language versions of Wikipedia that collects the very best articles in that language. Your community does not currently have a „Featured Articles“ category. Ideally, we want to take every language on Wikipedia to the moon and we also want to take the best articles in your language. That is why we would like ''you'' to tell us what the very best articles in your language are. There are two ways you could do this: :1) You could introduce the categories “Featured Article” and “Featured List” in your language version of Wikipedia and vote for the best articles and put them in the category. We will take every article that is tagged as a “Featured Article” or a “Featured List” to the moon :2) You could vote for the best articles in your language version of Wikipedia and put them all on one a new Wikipedia page. If you let us know where we can find that list [[:meta:Wikipedia_to_the_Moon/Working|here]], we will also take the articles to the moon. The deadline for Wikipedia to the Moon is 31 October 2016. After that date, we will put all the Featured Articles and Lists onto a special disc and give it to the “PT Scientists.” They will take the Wikipedia articles into space next year. --[[User:Denis Schroeder (WMDE)|Denis Schroeder (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Denis Schroeder (WMDE)|talk]]) 15:31, 17 August 2016 (UTC) == New Wikipedia Library accounts available now (August 2016) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|publisher donation program]]. You can now sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:de:Wikipedia:Nomos|Nomos]]''' &ndash; Primarily German-language publisher of law and social sciences books and journals - 25 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:World Scientific|World Scientific]]''' &ndash; Scientific, technical, and medical journals - 50 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Edinburgh University Press|Edinburgh University Press]]''' &ndash; Humanities and social sciences journals - 25 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]]''' &ndash; Psychology books and journals - 10 accounts * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Emerald|Emerald]]''' &ndash; Journals on a range of topics including business, education, health care, and engineering - 10 accounts Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:de:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:39, 30 August 2016 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language! Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=15804509 --> == RevisionSlider == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From September 13th on, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page, so that you can easily move between revisions. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! </div> [[user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 15:08, 12 September 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=15903627 --> == Grants to improve your project == ''{{int:Please-translate}}:'' Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is currently accepting proposals for funding. There is just over a week left to submit before the October 11 deadline. If you have ideas for software, offline outreach, research, online community organizing, or other projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today! Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well. Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request. *'''[[:m:Grants:Project/Apply|Submit a grant request]]''' *'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:Project#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]] *'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[:m:Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]] [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) 20:10, 30 September 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&oldid=15939807 --> == The visual editor will be enabled on this wiki in some days== ''Hello again. Please excuse the English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' As per previous announcements earlier this year, '''[[:mw:VisualEditor/Portal|the visual editor]] ({{int:visualeditor}}) will be enabled at this Wikipedia in some days. It allows people to edit articles as if they were using a typical word processor. Here's a quick explanation of what is going to happen''': you can find a more detailed one, with pictures, at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Single_edit_tab|mediawiki.org]]. [[File:VisualEditor and wikitext side-by-side.png|alt=Side by side screenshots, showing the visual appearance of both editing systems |center|frameless|720px]] ;What's changing? :In the new system, you get a <u>single edit tab which follows your preferences</u>, and that therefore will launch the wikitext editor '''or''' the visual editor depending on which one you opened the last (''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-remember-last}}''). <br> This applies to everyone who edited recently, including anonymous users. ;How do I switch to the ''other'' editor then? :Buttons on the toolbars of both editors were added months ago so that you can switch from one to the other every time you want to, without losing your changes and without having to save first. <br>The button, located on the right side of the toolbar, looks like square brackets ('''<nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki>''') in the visual editor, and like a pencil ([[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|20px]]) in the wikitext editor. ;Are there other options available? :Yes. You can choose whether you want: * ''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-ve}}'' (if you temporarily switch to the wikitext editor through the button on the toolbar, the system won't remember it; also, it only applies to namespaces where the visual editor is available). * ''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-wt}}'' (if you temporarily switch to the visual editor through the button on the toolbar, the system won't remember it) * ''{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-multi-tab}}'' (a system in place at multiple wikis since 2013. You are familiar with this option if you have been using the visual editor here.) **''Please note: all the users will always have the opportunity to switch to the other editor via buttons on the toolbars, for occasional edits''. ;How do I set my preference? *If you want to try or to stay in the new system: you don't need to do anything. *If you had explicitly disabled the visual editor in the past and want to keep it disabled: you don't need to do anything. *All the registered users have a dropdown menu in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|Editing tab of their Preferences]] ({{int:prefs-editing}} --> {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}), where they can choose from. <u>This only needs to be done once</u>. Don't forget to save ;) **<small>Users with the visual editor disabled need to re-enable it if they're interested in accessing that menu!</small> *People who use the visual editor regularly will see a pop-up <u>(only once after the single edit tab system is introduced)</u>, and they can choose their favorite setting there. Of course, they can change their mind at any time just like the others, and pick a different setting from their Preferences. **Anonymous users who have used the visual editor recently will also be able to choose which editor they want to edit with. **''Reminder: all the users will always have the opportunity to switch to the other editor via buttons on the toolbars, for occasional edits''. ;Final remarks *<mark>Please spread the word about this major change</mark> in any way that you deem appropriate for this community, by linking to this announcement elsewhere, putting up a site notice, etc. Please note it will affect all the registered users at first, and after some days it will reach logged-out contributors as well if no major technical issues have arisen. Don't hesitate to ask questions, I'll be around for a while to help! *Please do let us know about any anomalies you think you're experiencing, and do post any other feedback below. I'd like to thank everyone who works to make the transition easier for this community, and whoever will help me processing feedback in your language. *You can learn more about optimizing the visual editor experience here by [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE_as_the_main_editor|reading a guide on mediawiki.org]]. Thank you! --[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] ([[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|talk]]) 08:39, 4 October 2016 (UTC) == Creative Commons 4.0 == Hello! I'm writing from the Wikimedia Foundation to invite you to give your feedback on a proposed move from CC BY-SA 3.0 to a CC BY-SA 4.0 license across all Wikimedia projects. The consultation will run from October 5 to November 8, and we hope to receive a wide range of viewpoints and opinions. Please, if you are interested, [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0|take part in the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]. ''Apologies that this message is only in English. [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0/MassMessage|This message can be read and translated in more languages here]].'' [[User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) 01:35, 6 October 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&oldid=15962252 --> == The visual editor is now active here== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Hello again. This message is only available in English at this time: {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' <gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px> File:VisualEditor bi-directional switching pencil icon in wikitext.png|alt=The upper right corner of the wikitext editing toolbar, showing a pencil icon|thumb|In the wikitext editor, the pencil icon allows you to switch to the visual editor. File:VisualEditor toolbar Page options - Switch to wikitext - Save.png|alt=The toolbar in the visual editor, showing the square brackets icon next to the Publish button.|thumb|In the visual editor, the <nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki> (square brackets) icon allows you to switch to the wikitext editor. Please note that the button will soon say {{int:Publishpage}} or {{int:Publishchanges}}, due to an unrelated change. </gallery> As some of you have noticed, '''this Wikipedia now has [[:mw:VisualEditor/Portal|the visual editor]] ({{int:visualeditor}}) enabled for all registered users'''. The rollout to logged-out users will likely happen in a week or so. <mark>For an '''explanation of how the editing system now works and how to choose/go back to your favorite setting, please see my previous announcement above'''.</mark> If you wish to '''change your editing system preferences now, this can be done from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|this link to your Preferences]] --> {{int:prefs-editing}} --> {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}'''. All edits using the visual editor will be tagged with "{{Int:tag-visualeditor}}" in recent changes, watchlists, and page histories. To access the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|User Guide for the visual editor]], click on the "(?)" icon in its toolbar. Please let us know if you find any problems. You can report issues directly in [[phab:|Phabricator, the new bug tracking system]] or on at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]]; by all means, feel free to also [[:mw:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|ping or contact me directly]] if you prefer. In case of emergency (like an unexpected bug causing widespread problems), please contact James Forrester, the product manager, at jforrester@wikimedia.org or on [[:m:IRC|IRC]] in the #mediawiki-visualeditor channel. Happy editing! Respectfully, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] --19:03, 11 October 2016 (UTC) PS: Are you seeing interface messages that are not in this wiki's language? Please fix this by providing translations [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-visualeditor-0-all&filter=%21translated&action=translate here]. Translations may be also provided for the [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|user guide]]. Please contact me if you want guidance in contributing translations! </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> :Just a heads-up that rollout of the visual editor on this wiki is now complete. Please refer to my previous messages for details. You can [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE_as_the_main_editor|read the "checklist"]] that was written to help communities like yours in their process of adapting the visual editor to their customs and needs. Best, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 18:27, 20 October 2016 (UTC) </div> == Editing News #3—2016 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2016/October|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?''' <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can easily re-arrange columns and rows in the visual editor? [[File:VisualEditor table editing menu.png|alt=Screenshot showing a dropdown menu with options for editing the table structure|center|frameless|232x232px]] Select a cell in the column or row that you want to move. Click the arrow at the start of that row or column to open the dropdown menu (shown). Choose either "Move before" or "Move after" to move the column, or "Move above" or "Move below" to move the row. You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor. </div></div> Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has mainly worked on a new wikitext editor. They have also released some small features and the new map editing tool. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]]. You can find links to the list of work finished each week at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]]. Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, releasing the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[mediawikiwiki:Beta_Features|beta feature]], and improving language support. === Recent changes === *You can now set text as small or big.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T53613] *Invisible templates have been shown as a puzzle icon. Now, the name of the invisible template is displayed next to the puzzle icon.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141861] A similar feature will display the first part of hidden HTML comments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147089] *Categories are displayed at the bottom of each page. If you click on the categories, the dialog for editing categories will open.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145267] *At many wikis, you can now add [[mediawikiwiki:Maps|maps]] to pages. Go to the Insert menu and choose the "Maps" item. The Discovery department is adding more features to this area, like geoshapes. You can read more at mediawiki.org.[https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Discovery#Maps] *The "Save" button now says "Save page" when you create a page, and "Save changes" when you change an existing page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033] In the future, the "{{int:Savearticle}}" button will say "{{int:Publishpage}}". This will affect both the visual and wikitext editing systems. More [[:m:Editing/Publish|information is available on Meta]]. *Image galleries now use a visual mode for editing. You can see thumbnails of the images, add new files, remove unwanted images, rearrange the images by dragging and dropping, and add captions for each image. Use the "Options" tab to set the gallery's display mode, image sizes, and add a title for the gallery.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T45037] === Future changes === The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the remaining 10 [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|"Phase 6" Wikipedias]] during the next month. The developers want to know whether typing in your language feels natural in the visual editor. Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]]. This will affect several languages, including [[:w:th:|'''Thai''']], [[:w:my:|'''Burmese''']] and [[:w:arc:|'''Aramaic''']]. The team is working on a modern wikitext editor. The [[Mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] will look like the visual editor and be able to use the citoid service and other modern tools. This new editing system may become available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices in October 2016. You can read about this project in a [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23|general status update on the Wikimedia mailing list]]. === Let's work together === * Do you teach new editors how to use the visual editor? Did you help [[:mw:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]]? Have you written or imported [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your most important citation templates? <mark>Would you be willing to help new editors and small communities with the visual editor? Please sign up for the new [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/Community Taskforce|'''VisualEditor Community Taskforce''']].</mark> *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] </div> 17:49, 15 October 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=15960088 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (November 2016) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[:m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: *'''''[[:en:WP:Foreign Affairs|Foreign Affairs]]''''' - Journal of international relations and U.S. foreign policy *'''[[:en:WP:OpenEdition|OpenEdition]]''' - Journals in the social sciences and humanities *'''[[:en:WP:EDP Sciences|Édition Diffusion Presse Sciences]]''' - French and English language scientific journals *'''[[:en:WP:ASHA|ASHA]]''' - Speech–language–hearing journals *'''[[:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Tilastopaja|Tilastopaja]]''' - Athletics statistics '''Expansions''' *'''[[:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]]''' - Many new databases added *'''[[:en:WP:Taylor & Francis|Taylor & Francis]]''' - Strategic, Defence & Security Studies collection Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]]. Sign up today! <br>--[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:30, 1 November 2016 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[:m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=15939318 --> == Password reset == ''I apologise that this message is in English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:Centralnotice-shared-help-translate}}]'' We are having a problem with attackers taking over wiki accounts with privileged user rights (for example, admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, checkusers). It appears that this may be because of weak or reused passwords. Community members are working along with members of multiple teams at the Wikimedia Foundation to address this issue. In the meantime, we ask that everyone takes a look at the passwords they have chosen for their wiki accounts. If you know that you've chosen a weak password, or if you've chosen a password that you are using somewhere else, please change those passwords. Select strong passwords – eight or more characters long, and containing letters, numbers, and punctuation. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) / [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 23:59, 13 November 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&oldid=16060701 --> == Adding to the above section (Password reset) == Please accept my apologies - that first line should read "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&language=&action=page&filter= Help with translations!]". [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) / [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:11, 14 November 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&oldid=16060701 --> == New way to edit wikitext == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Summary''': There's a new opt-in Beta Feature of a [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. Please [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|go try it out]]. We in the Wikimedia Foundation's Editing department are responsible for making editing better for all our editors, new and experienced alike. We've been slowly improving [[:mw:VisualEditor|the visual editor]] based on feedback, user tests, and feature requests. However, that doesn't work for all our user needs: whether you need to edit a wikitext talk page, create a template, or fix some broken reference syntax, sometimes you need to use wikitext, and many experienced editors prefer it. Consequently, we've planned a "wikitext mode" for the visual editor for a long time. It provides as much of the visual editor's features as possible, for those times that you need or want wikitext. It has the same user interface as the visual editor, including the same toolbar across the top with the same buttons. It provides access to the [[:mw:citoid|citoid service]] for formatting citations, integrated search options for inserting images, and the ability to add new templates in a simple dialog. Like in the visual editor, if you paste in formatted text copied from another page, then formatting (such as bolding) will automatically be converted into wikitext. All wikis now have access to this mode as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]. When enabled, it replaces your existing [[:mw:Editor|wikitext editor]] everywhere. If you don't like it, you can reverse this at any time by turning off the Beta Feature in your preferences. We don't want to surprise anyone, so it's strictly an ''opt-in-only'' Beta Feature. It won't switch on automatically for anyone, even if you have previously checked the box to "{{Int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}". The new wikitext edit mode is based on the visual editor, so it requires JavaScript (as does the [[:mw:Extension:WikiEditor|current wikitext editor]]). It doesn't work with gadgets that have only been designed for the older one (and ''vice versa''), so some users will miss gadgets they find important. We're happy to [[:mw:VisualEditor/Gadgets|work with gadget authors to help them update their code to work]] with both editors. We're not planning to get rid of the current main wikitext editor on desktop in the foreseeable future. We're also not going to remove the existing ability to edit plain wikitext without JavaScript. Finally, though it should go without saying, if you prefer to continue using the current wikitext editor, then you may so do. This is an early version, and we'd love to know what you think so we can make it better. Please leave feedback about the new mode [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor/Feedback|on the feedback page]]. You may write comments in any language. Thank you. </div> [[:mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] (Product Manager, Editing department, Wikimedia Foundation) --19:32, 14 December 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=15942009 --> == Review of initial updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].'' The Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. For 15 years, Wikimedians have worked together to build the largest free knowledge resource in human history. During this time, we've grown from a small group of editors to a diverse network of editors, developers, affiliates, readers, donors, and partners. Today, we are more than a group of websites. We are a movement rooted in values and a powerful vision: all knowledge for all people. As a movement, we have an opportunity to decide where we go from here. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. We hope to design an inclusive process that makes space for everyone: editors, community leaders, affiliates, developers, readers, donors, technology platforms, institutional partners, and people we have yet to reach. There will be multiple ways to participate including on-wiki, in private spaces, and in-person meetings. You are warmly invited to join and make your voice heard. The immediate goal is to have a strategic direction by Wikimania 2017 to help frame a discussion on how we work together toward that strategic direction. Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Beginning with this message, monthly reviews of these updates will be sent to this page as well. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page. Here is a review of the updates that have been sent so far: * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/15 December 2016 - Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (15 December 2016) ** Introduction to process and information about budget spending resolution to support it * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/23 December 2016 - Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (23 December 2016) ** Start of search for Lead Architect for movement strategy process * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/8 January 2017 - Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (8 January 2017) ** Plans for strategy sessions at upcoming Wikimedia Conference 2017 * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/11 January 2017 - Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (11 January 2017) ** Introduction of williamsworks * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 February 2017 - Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 February 2017) ** The core movement strategy team, team tracks being developed, introduction of the Community Process Steering Committee, discussions at WikiIndaba conference 2017 and the Wikimedia movement affiliates executive directors gathering in Switzerland * [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/10 February 2017 - Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (10 February 2017) ** Tracks A & B process prototypes and providing feedback, updates on development of all four Tracks More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]]. ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 20:32, 15 February 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]'' </div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16297862 --> == Overview #2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].'' As we mentioned last month, the Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Each month, we are sending overviews of these updates to this page as well. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page. Here is a overview of the updates that have been sent since our message last month: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/16 February 2017 - Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (16 February 2017) ** Development of documentation for Tracks A & B * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/24 February 2017 - Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (24 February 2017) ** Introduction of Track Leads for all four audience tracks * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 March 2017 - Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 March 2017) ** Seeking feedback on documents being used to help facilitate upcoming community discussions More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]]. ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 19:44, 9 March 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]'' </div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16350625 --> == We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15) == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> : ''This message, "[[mailarchive:wikimediaannounce-l/2017-March/001383.html|We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15)]]", was sent through multiple channels by [[m:User:GVarnum-WMF|Gregory Varnum]] on 15 and 16 of March 2017 to village pumps, affiliate talk pages, movement mailing lists, and MassMessage groups. A similar message was sent by [[m:User:Nicole_Ebber_(WMDE)|Nicole Ebber]] to organized groups and their mailing lists on 15 of March 2017. This version of the message is available for translation and documentation purposes'' Dear Wikimedians/Wikipedians: Today we are starting a broad discussion to define Wikimedia's future role in the world and develop a collaborative strategy to fulfill that role. You are warmly invited to join the conversation. There are many ways to participate, by joining an existing conversation or starting your own: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Track_A|Track A (organized groups)]]: Discussions with your affiliate, committee or other organized group (these are groups that support the Wikimedia movement). Track B (individual contributors): [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Cycle_1|On Meta]] or your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Participate|local language or project wiki]]. This is the first of three conversations, and it will run between now and April 15. The purpose of cycle 1 is to discuss the future of the movement and generate major themes around potential directions. What do we want to build or achieve together over the next 15 years? We welcome you, as we create this conversation together, and look forward to broad and diverse participation from all parts of our movement. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017|Find out more about the movement strategy process]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Toolkit/Discussion_Coordinator_Role|Learn more about volunteering to be a Discussion Coordinator]] Sincerely, Nicole Ebber (Track A Lead), Jaime Anstee (Track B Lead), & the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/People|engagement support teams]]</div></div> 05:09, 18 March 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16453957 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Please accept our apologies for cross-posting this message. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].'' [[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|right|150px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017]] On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, I am pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2017/Board_of_Trustees/Call_for_candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Elections]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]] (Board) is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long-term sustainability of the Wikimedia Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. More information about this role can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Call for candidates|letter from the Board of Trustees calling for candidates]]. '''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last from April 7 (00:00 UTC) to April 20 (23:59 UTC).''' '''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates from April 7 to April 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on April 20, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to beginning on April 21. The goal of this process is to fill the '''three community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. The election results will be used by the Board itself to select its new members. The full schedule for the Board elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. * April 7 (00:00 UTC) – April 20 (23:59 UTC) – '''Board nominations''' * April 7 – April 20 – '''Board candidates questions submission period''' * April 21 – April 30 – '''Board candidates answer questions''' * May 1 – May 14 – '''Board voting period''' * May 15–19 – '''Board vote checking''' * May 20 – '''Board result announcement goal''' In addition to the Board elections, we will also soon be holding elections for the following roles: * '''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)''' ** There are five positions being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|on Meta-Wiki]]. * '''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson (Ombuds)''' ** One position is being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please note that this year the Board of Trustees elections will be held before the FDC and Ombuds elections. Candidates who are not elected to the Board are explicitly permitted and encouraged to submit themselves as candidates to the FDC or Ombuds positions after the results of the Board elections are announced. More information on this year's elections can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|on Meta-Wiki]]. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|election talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, <tt dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5">board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org</tt>. On behalf of the Election Committee,<br /> [[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]<br /> [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 03:37, 7 Oforisuo 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''</div> <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16441214 --> == Read-only mode for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Read this message in another language]] • {{int:please-translate}} The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data center in Dallas. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test. This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 19 April 2017'''. On '''Wednesday, 3 May 2017''', they will switch back to the primary data center. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for approximately 20 to 30 minutes on Wednesday, 19 April and Wednesday, 3 May. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170419T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 20 April and Thursday 4 May). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the weeks of 17 April 2017 and 1 May 2017. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2017 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' /<span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])</span> </div></div>[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:33, 11 Oforisuo 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16545942 --> == Wikidata description editing in the Wikipedia Android app == <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|Wikidata description editing]] is a new experiment being rolled out on the Wikipedia app for Android. While this primarily impacts Wikidata, the changes are also addressing a concern about the mobile versions of Wikipedia, so that mobile users will be able to edit directly the descriptions shown under the title of the page and in the search results. We began by rolling out this feature several weeks ago to a pilot group of Wikipedias (Russian, Hebrew, and Catalan), and have seen very positive [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions/Research|results]] including numerous quality contributions in the form of new and updated descriptions, and a low rate of vandalism. We are now ready for the next phase of rolling out this feature, which is to enable it in a few days for all Wikipedias except the top ten by usage within the app (i.e. except English, German, Italian, French, Spanish, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Turkish, and Chinese). We will enable the feature for those languages instead at some point in the future, as we closely monitor user engagement with our expanded set of pilot communities. As always, if have any concerns, please reach out to us on wiki at [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|the talk page for this project]] or by email at reading@wikimedia.org. Thanks! -[[:mw:User:DBrant (WMF)|DBrant (WMF)]] 08:41, 14 Oforisuo 2017 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikidata_editing&oldid=16580284 --> == New Page previews feature == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> New Page previews feature [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:CKoerner (WMF)/Enable Hovercards/Phase 1|Read this message in another language]] • {{int:please-translate}} Hello, The Reading web team at the Wikimedia Foundation has been working to enable [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page previews]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|a beta feature]] known previously as Hovercards, as opt-in behavior for logged-in users and the default behavior for logged-out users across Wikipedia projects. Page previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. For this project, we are expecting to collect feedback over the following few weeks and tentatively enable the feature in early May, 2017. A quick note on the implementation: * For logged-in users who are not currently testing out the beta feature, Page previews will be off by default. Users may turn them on from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|their user preferences]] page. * For logged-out users, the feature will be on by default. Users may disable it at any time by selecting the setting cog available in each preview. * For users of the Navigation popups gadget, you will not be able to turn on the Page previews feature while using navigational popups. If you would like to try out the Page preview feature, make sure to first turn Navigation popups off prior to turning Page previews on. You can read more about [[mw:Beta_Features/Hovercards|the feature]] and [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards#Success Metrics and Feature Evaluation|the tests we used to evaluate performance]], try it out by enabling it from the beta features page, and leave feedback or questions [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]]. Thank you, [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:52, 19 Oforisuo 2017 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Phase_1/Distribution_list&oldid=16616381 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2017) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from: * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychiatric Association|American Psychiatric Association]]''' – Psychiatry books and journals * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Bloomsbury|Bloomsbury]]''' – ''Who's Who'', Drama Online, Berg Fashion Library, and ''Whitaker's'' * '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Gaudeamus|Gaudeamus]]''' – Finnish humanities and social sciences * '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ympäristö-lehti|Ympäristö-lehti]]''' – The Finnish Environment Institute's ''Ympäristö-lehti'' magazine '''Expansions''' * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Gale|Gale]]''' – Biography In Context database added * '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Adam Matthew|Adam Matthew]]''' – all 53 databases now available Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Taylor & Francis|Taylor & Francis]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:52, 2 May 2017 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:AVasanth_(WMF)|Aaron]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=16557812 --> == [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun in 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun]]''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2017 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons. The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 1 to 23:59 UTC May 14. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|2017 Board of Trustees election page]] on Meta-Wiki. On behalf of the Elections Committee,<br/> [[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]<br/> [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation ''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]</div> 19:14, 3 May 2017 (UTC)'' <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16683836 --> == Beta Feature Two Column Edit Conflict View == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From May 9, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. The Two Column Edit Conflict View is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. It highlights differences between the editor's and the conflicting changes to make it easy to copy and paste pieces of the text and resolve the conflict. The feature fulfils a request for a more user-friendly edit conflict resolution from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well! </div> [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:41, 8 May 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=16712264 --> == Editing News #1—2017 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?''' <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can review your changes visually? [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - visual diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes to an article. Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|245x245px]]When you are finished editing the page, type your edit summary and then choose "{{Int:visualeditor-savedialog-label-review}}". In visual mode, you will see additions, removals, new links, and formatting highlighted. Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side. [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected.|center|frameless|220x220px]] Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs. [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - wikitext diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display.|center|frameless|245x245px]] The wikitext diff is the same diff tool that is used in the wikitext editors and in the page history. You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor. </div></div> Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[:mediawikiwiki:2017_wikitext_editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]] which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and adding [[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|the new visual diff tool]]. Their workboard is available [[:phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]]. You can find links to the work finished each week at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]]. Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[:mw:Beta Features|beta feature]], and improving the visual diff tool. === Recent changes === *A '''new wikitext editing mode''' is available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices. The [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools. Go to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures]] to enable the {{Int:Visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-label}}. * A new '''[[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' is available in VisualEditor's visual mode. You can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs. More features will be added to this later. In the future, this tool may be integrated into other MediaWiki components. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143350] * The team have added [[:mediawikiwiki:Editing/Projects/Columns_for_references|multi-column support for lists of footnotes]]. The <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> block can automatically display long lists of references in columns on wide screens. This makes footnotes easier to read. You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&priority=10&parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597] * You can now use your web browser's function to switch typing direction in the new wikitext mode. This is particularly helpful for RTL language users like Urdu or Hebrew who have to write JavaScript or CSS. You can use Command+Shift+X or Control+Shift+X to trigger this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153356] * The way to switch between the visual editing mode and the wikitext editing mode is now consistent. There is a drop-down menu that shows the two options. This is now the same in desktop and mobile web editing, and inside things that embed editing, such as Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116417] * The {{Int:visualeditor-categories-tool}} item has been moved to the top of the {{Int:visualeditor-pagemenu-tooltip}} menu (from clicking on the "hamburger" icon) for quicker access. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T74399] There is also now a "Templates used on this page" feature there. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149009] * You can now create <code><nowiki><chem></nowiki></code> tags (sometimes used as <code><nowiki><ce></nowiki></code>) for chemical formulas inside the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153365] * Tables can be set as collapsed or un-collapsed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157989] * The {{Int:visualeditor-specialcharacter-button-tooltip}} menu now includes characters for Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics and angle quotation marks (‹› and ⟨⟩) . The team thanks the volunteer developer, [[:S:en:User:Tpt|Tpt]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108626] * A bug caused some section edit conflicts to blank the rest of the page. This has been fixed. The team are sorry for the disruption. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154217] * There is a new keyboard shortcut for citations: <code>Control</code>+<code>Shift</code>+<code>K</code> on a PC, or <code>Command</code>+<code>Shift</code>+<code>K</code> on a Mac. It is based on the keyboard shortcut for making links, which is <code>Control</code>+<code>K</code> or <code>Command</code>+<code>K</code> respectively. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T99299] === Future changes === * The team is working on a syntax highlighting tool. It will highlight matching pairs of <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code> tags and other types of wikitext syntax. You will be able to turn it on and off. It will first become available in VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode, maybe late in 2017. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246] * The kind of button used to {{Int:Showpreview}}, {{Int:showdiff}}, and finish an edit will change in all WMF-supported wikitext editors. The new buttons will use [[Mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]]. The buttons will be larger, brighter, and easier to read. The labels will remain the same. You can test the new button by editing a page and adding <code>&ooui=1</code> to the end of the URL, like this: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=edit&ooui=1 The old appearance will no longer be possible, even with local CSS changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162849] * The [[:mediawikiwiki:File:Edit_toolbar_-_2.png|outdated 2006 wikitext editor]] will be removed later this year. It is used by approximately 0.03% of active editors. See [[:mw:Editor|a list of editing tools on mediawiki.org]] if you are uncertain which one you use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30856] *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] </div> 18:05, 12 May 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=16160401 --> == Prototype for editing Wikidata infoboxes on Wikipedia == Hello, I’m sorry for writing in English. It’d be great if someone could translate this message if necessary. One of the most requested features for Wikidata is to enable editing of Wikidata’s data directly from Wikipedia, so the editors can continue their workflow without switching websites. The Wikidata development team has been working on a tool to achieve this goal: '''fill and edit the Wikipedia infoboxes with information from Wikidata, directly on Wikipedia''', via the Visual Editor. We already [[d:Wikidata:Client editing input|asked for feedback in 2015]], and collected some interesting ideas which we [[:File:Facilitating_the_use_of_Wikidata_in_Wikimedia_projects_with_a_user-centered_design_approach.pdf|shared with you in this thesis]]. Now we would like to present to you our first prototype and collect your feedback, in order to improve and continue the development of this feature. We present this work to you very early, so we can include your feedback before and all along the development. You are the core users of this feature, so we want to make sure that it fits your needs and editing processes. You will find the prototype, description of the features, and a demo video, '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Client editing prototype|on this page]]'''. Feel free to add any comment or feedback on the talk page. The page is currently not translated in every languages, but you can add your contribution by helping to translate it. Unfortunately, I won’t be able to follow all the discussions on Wikipedia, so if you want to be sure that your feedback is read, please add it on the Wikidata page, in your favorite language. Thanks for your understanding. Thanks, [[user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&oldid=16766491 --> == RevisionSlider == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a default feature for all users on all wikis from May 17. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page so that you can easily move between revisions. The slider view is collapsed by default, and will load by clicking on it. It can also be turned off entirely in the user preferences. RevisionSlider has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia for 6 months and a beta feature on all wikis for 8 months. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Thanks to everyone who tested RevisionSlider and gave valuable feedback to improve the feature! We hope that RevisionSlider will continue to serve you well in your work. </div> [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:44, 16 May 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=16715712 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|Join the next cycle of Wikimedia movement strategy discussions (underway until June 12)]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]]'' [[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg||{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}||150px]] The Wikimedia movement strategy core team and working groups have completed reviewing the more than 1800 thematic statements we received from the first discussion. They have identified [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|5 themes that were consistent across all the conversations]] - each with their own set of sub-themes. These are not the final themes, just an initial working draft of the core concepts. You are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|join the online and offline discussions taking place]] on these 5 themes. This round of discussions will take place between now and June 12th. You can discuss as many as you like; we ask you to participate in the ones that are most (or least) important to you. Here are the five themes, each has a page on Meta-Wiki with more information about the theme and how to participate in that theme's discussion: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Healthy, Inclusive Communities|Healthy, Inclusive Communities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Augmented Age|The Augmented Age]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/A Truly Global Movement|A Truly Global Movement]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Most Respected Source of Knowledge|The Most Respected Source of Knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem|Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem]] On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|movement strategy portal on Meta-Wiki]], you can find more information about each of these themes, their discussions, and how to participate. ''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''</div> 21:08, 16 May 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16773425 --> == New notification when a page is connected to Wikidata == Hello all, ''({{Int:Please-translate}})'' The Wikidata development team is about to deploy a new feature on all Wikipedias. It is a new type of notification (via Echo, the notification system you see at the top right of your wiki when you are logged in), that will inform the creator of a page, when this page is connected to a Wikidata item. You may know that [[d:Wikidata:Main page|Wikidata]] provides a centralized system for all the interwikilinks. When a new page is created, it should be connected to the corresponding Wikidata item, by modifying this Wikidata item. With this new notification, editors creating pages will be informed when another editor connects this page to Wikidata. [[File:Screenshot Echo Wikibase notification.png]] This feature will be deployed on May 30th on all the Wikipedias, excepting English, French and German. This feature will be disable by default for existing editors, and enabled by default for new editors. This is the first step of the deployments, the Wikipedias and other Wikimedia projects will follow in the next months. If you have any question, suggestion, please let me know by pinging me. You can also follow and leave a comment [[phab:T142102|on the Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks go to [[d:user:Matěj Suchánek|Matěj Suchánek]] who developed this feature! {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] ([[:d:User talk:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|talk]]) <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&oldid=16774958 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]] :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translations of this message are available on Meta-Wiki]].'' On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, we are pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson]] elections. Please read the letter from the Wikimedia Foundation calling for candidates at [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|on the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]]. ''Funds Dissemination Committee''<br /> The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities. There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|the FDC elections page]]. ''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson''<br /> The Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees, and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. '''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last until May 28 (23:59 UTC).''' '''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates until May 28. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on May 28, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to. The goal of this process is to fill the '''five community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee and the '''community-selected ombudsperson'''. The election results will be used by the Board itself to make the appointments. The full schedule for the FDC elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. * May 15 (00:00 UTC) – May 28 (23:59 UTC) – '''Nominations''' * May 15 – May 28 – '''Candidates questions submission period''' * May 29 – June 2 – '''Candidates answer questions''' * June 3 – June 11 – '''Voting period''' * June 12–14 – '''Vote checking''' * June 15 – '''Goal date for announcing election results''' More information on this year's elections can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]]. Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, <tt dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5">board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org</tt>. On behalf of the Election Committee,<br /> [[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]<br /> [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation ''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''</div> 21:05, 23 May 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=16804695 --> == Wikidata changes now also appear in enhanced recent changes == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello, and sorry to write this message in English. You can [[mw:User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/Wikidata_in_enhanced_recent_changes|help translating it]]. Starting from today, you will be able to display Wikidata changes in both modes of the recent changes and the watchlist. '''[[mw:User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/Wikidata_in_enhanced_recent_changes|Read and translate the full message]]''' {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 08:33, 29 June 2017 (UTC) <small>(wrong target page? you can [[m:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)/List Wikipedias|fix it here]])</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&oldid=16777494 --> == Accessible editing buttons == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">The MediaWiki developers have been slowly improving the accessibility of the user interface. The next step in this transition will change the appearance of some buttons and may break some outdated (non-updated or unmaintained) user scripts and gadgets. You can see and use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&ooui=0 old] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&ooui=1 new] versions now. Most editors will only notice that some buttons are slightly larger and have different colors. <gallery mode="nolines" caption="Comparison of old and new styles" heights="240" widths="572"> File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, before.png|Buttons before the change File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, after.png|Buttons after the change </gallery> However, this change also affects some user scripts and gadgets. Unfortunately, some of them may not work well in the new system. <mark>If you maintain any user scripts or gadgets that are used for editing, please see '''[[:mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]]''' for information on how to test and fix your scripts. Outdated scripts can be tested and fixed now.</mark> This change will probably reach this wiki on '''Tuesday, 18 July 2017'''. Please leave a note at [[:mw:Talk:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]] if you need help.</div> [[:m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 22:22, 10 July 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=16980876 --> == Page Previews (Hovercards) update == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello, A quick update on the progress of enabling [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]] (previously named Hovercards) on this project. Page Previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. As mentioned in December we're preparing to remove the feature from Beta and make it the default behavior for logged-out users. We have recently made a large update to the code which fixes most outstanding bugs. Due to some issues with our instrumentation, we delayed our deployment by a few months. We are finally ready to deploy the feature. Page Previews will be off by default and available in the user preferences page for logged-in users the week of July 24th. The feature will be on by default for current beta users and logged-out users. If you would like to preview the feature, you can enable it as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]. For more information see [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]]. Questions can be left [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]] in your preferred language. Thank you again. </div>[[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:32, 20 July 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Reminder/Distribution_list&oldid=17019707 --> == Improved search in deleted pages archive == {{int:please-translate}} During Wikimedia Hackathon 2016, the [[mw:Wikimedia_Discovery|Discovery]] team [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109561 worked] on one of the items on the 2015 community wishlist, namely [[m:2015_Community_Wishlist_Survey/Search#Provide_a_means_of_searching_for_deleted_pages|enabling searching the archive of deleted pages]]. This feature is now ready for production deployment, and will be enabled on all wikis, except Wikidata. Right now, the feature is behind a feature flag - to use it on your wiki, please go to the <code>Special:Undelete</code> page, and add <code>&fuzzy=1</code> to the URL, like this: https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AUndelete&fuzzy=1. Then search for the pages you're interested in. There should be more results than before, due to using ElasticSearch indexing (via the CirrusSearch extension). We plan to enable this improved search by default on all wikis soon (around August 1, 2017). If you have any objections to this - please raise them with the Discovery team via [http://mailto:discovery@lists.wikimedia.org email] or on this announcement's discussion page. Like most Mediawiki configuration parameters, the functionality can be configured per wiki. Once the improved search becomes the default, you can still access the old mode using <code>&fuzzy=0</code> in the URL, like this: https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AUndelete&fuzzy=0 Please note that since Special:Undelete is an admin-only feature, this search capability is also only accessible to wiki admins. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 18:39, 25 July 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Archive_search_announce/Distribution_list&oldid=17036927 --> == RfC regarding "Interlinking of accounts involved with paid editing to decrease impersonation" == There is currently a RfC open on Meta regarding "[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation requiring those involved with paid editing on Wikipedia to link on their user page to all other active accounts through which they advertise paid Wikipedia editing business.]" Note this is to apply to Wikipedia and not necessarily other sister projects, this is only to apply to websites where people are specifically advertising that they will edit Wikipedia for pay and not any other personal, professional, or social media accounts a person may have. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation Please comment on meta]. Thanks. Send on behalf of [[User:Doc James]]. [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 21:06, 17 September 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedias&oldid=17234819 --> == Discussion on synced reading lists == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Discussion on synced reading lists''' Hello, [[File:Illustration of Reading List feature on Android Wikipedia App (not logged in).png|thumb]] The Reading Infrastructure team at the Wikimedia Foundation is developing a cross-platform reading list service for the mobile Wikipedia app. Reading lists are like bookmark folders in your web browser. They allow readers using the Wikipedia app to bookmark pages into folders to read later. This includes reading offline. Reading lists do not create or alter content in any way. To create Reading Lists, app users will register an account and marked pages will be tied to that account. Reading List account preferences sync between devices. You can read the same pages on different mobile platforms (tablets, phones). This is the first time we are syncing preference data between devices in such a way. We want to hear and address concerns about privacy and data security. We also want to explain why the current watchlist system is not being adapted for this purpose. === Background === In 2016 the Android team replaced the simple Saved Pages feature with Reading Lists. Reading Lists allow users to bookmark pages into folders and for reading offline. The intent of this feature was to allow "syncing" of these lists for users with many devices. Due to overlap with the Gather feature and related community concerns, this part was put on hold. The Android team has identified this lack of synching as a major area of complaint from users. They expect lists to sync. The iOS team has held off implementing Reading Lists, as syncing was seen as a "must have" for this feature. A recent [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164990 technical RfC] has allowed these user stories and needs to be unblocked. Initially for Android, then iOS, and with web to potentially follow. Reading lists are private, stored as part of a user's account, not as a public wiki page. There is no sharing or publishing ability for reading lists. No planned work to make these public. The target audience are people that read Wikipedia and want to bookmark and organize that content in the app. There is a potential for the feature to be available on the web in the future. === Why not watchlists === Watchlists offer similar functionality to Reading Lists. The Reading Infrastructure team evaluated watchlist infrastructure before exploring other options. In general, the needs of watchlists differ from Reading Lists in a few key ways: * Reading lists focus on Reading articles, not the monitoring of changes. * Watchlists are focused on monitoring changes of pages/revisions. ** The Watchlist infrastructure is key to our contributor community for monitoring content changes manually and through the use of automated tools (bots). Because of these needs, expanding the scope of Watchlists to reading purposes will only make the project harder to maintain and add more constraints. * By keeping the projects separate it is easier to scale resources. We can serve these two different audiences and prioritize the work accordingly. Reading Lists are, by their nature, less critical to the health of Wikipedia/MediaWiki. * Multi-project support. Reading Lists are by design cross-wiki/project. Watchlists are tied to specific wikis. While there have been many discussion for making them cross-wiki, resolution is not in the near term. [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|More information can be found on MediaWiki.org]] where feedback and ideas are welcome. Thank you </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:35, 20 September 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=16981815 --> == Changes to the global ban policy == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello. Some changes to the [[m:Global bans|community global ban policy]] have been proposed. Your comments are welcome at [[:m:Requests for comment/Improvement of global ban policy]]. Please translate this message to your language, if needed. Cordially. [[:m:User:Matiia|Matiia]] ([[:m:User talk:Matiia|Matiia]]) 00:34, 12 November 2017 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Matiia@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=17241561 --> == New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers''' The Readers web team will be deploying a new feature this week to make it [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|easier to download PDF versions of articles on the mobile website]]. Providing better offline functionality was one of the highlighted areas from [[m:New_Readers/Offline|the research done by the New Readers team in Mexico, Nigeria, and India]]. The teams created a prototype for mobile PDFs which was evaluated by user research and community feedback. The [[m:New_Readers/Offline#Concept_testing_for_mobile_web|prototype evaluation]] received positive feedback and results, so development continued. For the initial deployment, the feature will be available to Google Chrome browsers on Android. Support for other mobile browsers to come in the future. For Chrome, the feature will use the native Android print functionality. Users can choose to download a webpage as a PDF. [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Mobile_Printing|Mobile print styles]] will be used for these PDFs to ensure optimal readability for smaller screens. The feature is available starting Wednesday, Nov 15. For more information, see [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|the project page on MediaWiki.org]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:07, 20 November 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Mobile_PDF_distribution_list&oldid=17448927 --> == Call for Wikimania 2018 Scholarships == Hi all, We wanted to inform you that scholarship applications for [[:wm2018:Wikimania 2018|Wikimania 2018]] which is being held in Cape Town, South Africa on July 18–22, 2018 are now being accepted. '''Applications are open until Monday, 22 January 2018 23:59 UTC.''' Applicants will be able to apply for a partial or full scholarship. A full scholarship will cover the cost of an individual's round-trip travel, shared accommodation, and conference registration fees as arranged by the Wikimedia Foundation. A partial scholarship will cover conference registration fees and shared accommodation. Applicants will be rated using a pre-determined selection process and selection criteria established by the Scholarship Committee and the Wikimedia Foundation, who will determine which applications are successful. To learn more about Wikimania 2018 scholarships, please visit: [[:wm2018:Scholarships]]. To apply for a scholarship, fill out the multi-language application form on: '''https://scholarships.wikimedia.org/apply''' It is highly recommended that applicants review all the material on the Scholarships page and [[:wm2018:Scholarships/FAQ|the associated FAQ]] before submitting an application. If you have any questions, please contact: wikimania-scholarships at wikimedia.org or leave a message at: [[:wm2018:Talk:Scholarships]]. Please help us spread the word and translate pages! Best regards, [[:m:User:Slashme|David Richfield]] and [[:m:DerHexer|Martin Rulsch]] for the [[:wm2018:Scholarship Committee|Scholarship Committee]] 19:24, 20 December 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:DerHexer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=17300722 --> == User group for Military Historians == Greetings, "Military history" is one of the most important subjects when speak of sum of all human knowledge. To support contributors interested in the area over various language Wikipedias, we intend to form a user group. It also provides a platform to share the best practices between military historians, and various military related projects on Wikipedias. An initial discussion was has been done between the coordinators and members of WikiProject Military History on English Wikipedia. Now this discussion has been taken to Meta-Wiki. Contributors intrested in the area of military history are requested to share their feedback and give suggestions at [[:m:Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians|Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians]]. [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 10:46, 21 December 2017 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Krishna Chaitanya Velaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&oldid=17565441 --> == Editing News #1—2018 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]] '''Did you know?'''<div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]] on any page? [[File:Wikitext diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display|center|frameless|250px]] Sometimes, it is hard to see important changes in a wikitext diff. This screenshot of a wikitext diff (click to enlarge) shows that the paragraphs have been rearranged, but it does not highlight the removal of a word or the addition of a new sentence. If you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the Beta Feature]] for "{{Int:visualeditor-preference-visualdiffpage-label}}", you will have a new option. It will give you a new box at the top of every diff page. This box will let you choose either diff system on any edit. [[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected|center|frameless|200px]] Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs. In the visual diff, additions, removals, new links, and formatting changes will be highlighted. Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side. [[File:Visual diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes to an article. Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|250px]] This screenshot shows the same edit as the wikitext diff. The visual diff highlights the removal of one word and the addition of a new sentence. You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor. </div></div> Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|the last newsletter]], the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]], which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and improving [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]]. Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]]. You can find links to the work finished each week at [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]]. Their [[mw:Editing team/Current priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor, and improving the visual diff tool. ===Recent changes=== *The '''[[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]]''' is [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|available as a Beta Feature]] on desktop devices. It has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools. The team have been comparing the performance of different editing environments. They have studied how long it takes to open the page and start typing. The study uses data for more than one million edits during December and January. Some changes have been made to improve the speed of the 2017 wikitext editor and the visual editor. Recently, the 2017 wikitext editor opened fastest for most edits, and the 2010 WikiEditor was fastest for some edits. More information will be posted at [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Editing performance]]. *The '''[[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' was developed for the visual editor. It is now available to all users of the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor. When you review your changes, you can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs. You can also [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the new Beta Feature]] for "Visual diffs". The Beta Feature lets you use the visual diff tool to view other people's edits on page histories and [[Special:RecentChanges]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167508] *[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|'''Wikitext syntax highlighting''']] is available as a Beta Feature for both [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor]] and the 2010 wikitext editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246] *The [[mw:Citoid|citoid service]] automatically translates URLs, DOIs, ISBNs, and PubMed id numbers into wikitext citation templates. It is very popular and useful to editors, although it can be a bit tricky to set up. <mark>Your wiki can have this service. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|read the instructions]]. You can [[phab:T127354|ask the team to help you enable citoid at your wiki]]</mark>. ===Let's work together=== *The team will talk about editing tools at an upcoming [[m:Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meetings|Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meeting]]. *Wikibooks, Wikiversity, and other communities may have the visual editor made available by default to contributors. If your community wants this, then please contact [[mw:User talk:Deskana (WMF)|Dan Garry]]. *The <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> block can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Projects/Columns for references|automatically display long lists of references in columns]] on wide screens. This makes footnotes easier to read. You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&priority=10&parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597] *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] </div> 20:56, 2 March 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=17790200 --> == Time to bring embedded maps (‘mapframe’) to most Wikipedias == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Time to bring embedded maps (‘mapframe’) to most Wikipedias''' {{int:please-translate}} [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Mapframe]] is a feature that enables users to easily display interactive maps right on wiki pages. Currently, most Wikipedias don’t have mapframe. But [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Maps#Milestones_and_Updates|fifteen Wikipedias]], along with all the other Wikimedia projects, are using mapframe today to display maps on thousands of pages. A little background: over the last few months, the Foundation’s [[mw:Collaboration|Collaboration team]] has been working to improve the stability and user experience of the maps service. In addition, a question about long-term support for the maps service was recently settled, and a small team has been assigned for routine maintenance. Given these developments, bringing the benefits of mapframe to Wikipedias that lack the feature seems both safe and supportable. [[phab:T191583|Nine Wikipedias]] that use a stricter version of Flagged Revisions will not get mapframe in this release. Maps are a valuable form of visual data that can improve readers’ understanding across a wide range of topics. If you know of any reasons why mapframe shouldn’t be implemented on your Wikipedia, let us know [[mw:Talk:Map_improvements_2018|on the project talk page]]. Unless we hear from you, we plan to release mapframe to most Wikipedias in May, 2018. So, if you foresee an issue, please let us hear from you. Otherwise, happy mapping! </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 21:38, 24 Oforisuo 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JMatazzoni_(WMF)/mapframe-to-all-wikipedias-notice/distribution_list&oldid=17969222 --> == AdvancedSearch == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From May 8, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|AdvancedSearch]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The feature enhances the [[Special:Search|search page]] through an advanced parameters form and aims to make [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch/Functional_scope|existing search options]] more visible and accessible for everyone. AdvancedSearch is a project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! </div> [[m:User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:53, 7 May 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=17995461 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2018) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to research and tools as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/69/ Rock's Backpages]''' – Music articles and interviews from the 1950s onwards - 50 accounts * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/68/ Invaluable]''' – Database of more than 50 million auctions and over 500,000 artists - 15 accounts * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/70/ Termsoup]''' – Translation tool '''Expansions''' * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/43/ Fold3]''' – Available content has more than doubled, now including new military collections from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand. * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/52/ Oxford University Press]''' – The Scholarship collection now includes [http://www.e-enlightenment.com/ Electronic Enlightenment] * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/60/ Alexander Street Press]''' – [https://alexanderstreet.com/products/women-and-social-movements-library Women and Social Movements Library] now available * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/58/ Cambridge University Press]''' – [http://orlando.cambridge.org/ Orlando Collection] now available Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/41/ Loeb Classical Library], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:03, 30 May 2018 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=18064061 --> == Update on page issues on mobile web == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Update on page issues on mobile web''' {{int:please-translate}} Hi everyone. The [[mw:Reading/Web/Team|Readers web team]] has recently begun working on exposing issue templates on the mobile website. Currently, details about issues with page content are generally hidden on the mobile website. This leaves readers unaware of the reliability of the pages they are reading. The goal of this project is to improve awareness of particular issues within an article on the mobile web. We will do this by changing the visual styling of page issues. So far, we have [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|drafted a proposal on the design and implementation]] of the project. We were also able to run [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues/Research Results|user testing on the proposed designs]]. The tests so far have positive results. Here is a quick summary of what we learned: * The new treatment increases awareness of page issues among participants. This is true particularly when they are in a more evaluative/critical mode. * Page issues make sense to readers and they understand how they work * Readers care about page issues and consider them important * Readers had overwhelmingly positive sentiments towards Wikipedia associated with learning about page issues Our next step would be to start implementing these changes. We wanted to reach out to you for any concerns, thoughts, and suggestions you might have before beginning development. Please [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|visit the project page]] where we have more information and mockups of how this may look. Please [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|leave feedback on the talk page]]. </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:58, 12 June 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Sandbox&oldid=18120916 --> == Global preferences are available == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Global preferences are now available, you can set them by visiting your new [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. Visit [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|mediawiki.org for information on how to use them]] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|leave feedback]]. -- [[User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 19:20, 10 July 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=17968247 --> == New user group for editing sitewide CSS / JS == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''({{int:please-translate}})'' Hi all! To improve the security of our readers and editors, permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed. (These are pages like <code dir="ltr">MediaWiki:Common.css</code> and <code dir="ltr">MediaWiki:Vector.js</code> which contain code that is executed in the browsers of users of the site.) A new user group, <code dir="ltr">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]</code>, has been created. Starting four weeks from now, only members of this group will be able edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with <code dir="ltr">.css</code> or <code dir="ltr">.js</code> that is either in the <code dir="ltr">MediaWiki:</code> namespace or is another user's user subpage). You can learn more about the motivation behind the change [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|here]]. Please add users who need to edit CSS/JS to the new group (this can be done the same way new administrators are added, by stewards or local bureaucrats). This is a dangerous permission; a malicious user or a hacker taking over the account of a careless interface-admin can abuse it in far worse ways than admin permissions could be abused. Please only assign it to users who need it, who are trusted by the community, and who follow common basic password and computer security practices (use strong passwords, do not reuse passwords, use two-factor authentication if possible, do not install software of questionable origin on your machine, use antivirus software if that's a standard thing in your environment). Thanks! <br/><span dir="ltr">[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 17:45, 30 July 2018 (UTC) <small>(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])</small></span> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tgr@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tgr/massmessage-T139380-ifadmin&oldid=18255968 --> == Enabling a helpful feature for Template editors == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello. The team working on TemplateStyles at the Wikimedia Foundation would like to enable TemplateStyles on this wiki. TemplateStyles is a feature to allow non-administrators to write and manage CSS styles for templates. It allows contributors who edit templates to separate content and presentation. A good web practice that makes it easier to manage the layout of templates. If you don't edit templates, this will not have any impact on your contributions. TemplateStyles is useful for a few reasons. * It makes it possible for templates to work better on mobile. * It cuts out confusion on where to apply CSS rules. * Editing CSS is currently limited to administrators, which is a major barrier to participation. * All stylesheets must be loaded on all pages (whether they actually use the page or not), which wastes bandwidth and makes debugging style rules more difficult. You can [[mw:Help:TemplateStyles|learn more about TemplateStyles on MediaWiki.org]]. [[mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|Technical documentation is also available]]. This is an optional feature and no one must use it, but template contributors are encouraged to do so! Please discuss and let us know if there are any concerns. If there are no concerns we will proceed to deploy the feature on the 9th of August. Thank you. </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 21:28, 6 August 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Sandbox&oldid=18277775 --> == Editing of sitewide CSS/JS is only possible for interface administrators from now == ''({{int:please-translate}})'' <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi all, as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS/announcement 2|announced previously]], permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed: only members of the <code>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]</code> ({{int:group-interface-admin}}) group, and a few highly privileged global groups such as stewards, can edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with .css or .js that is either in the MediaWiki: namespace or is another user's user subpage). This is done to improve the security of readers and editors of Wikimedia projects. More information is available at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS]]. If you encounter any unexpected problems, please contact me or file a bug. Thanks!<br /> [[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 12:40, 27 August 2018 (UTC) <small>(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tgr@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18258712 --> == Read-only mode for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|Read this message in another language]] • {{int:please-translate}} The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 12 September 2018'''. On '''Wednesday, 10 October 2018''', they will switch back to the primary data center. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop when we switch. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Wednesday, 12 September and Wednesday, 10 October. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170503T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 13 September and Thursday 11 October). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the weeks of 10 September 2018 and 8 October 2018. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' /<span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Johan (WMF)|talk]])</span> </div></div> 13:33, 6 September 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18333489 --> == Editing News #2—2018 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]] '''Did you know?''' <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device? [[File:Mobile editing watchlist star editing pencil.png|alt=Screenshot showing the location of the pencil icon|center|frameless|250px]] Tap on the pencil icon to start editing. The page will probably open in the wikitext editor. You will see another pencil icon in the toolbar. Tap on that pencil icon to the switch between visual editing and wikitext editing. [[File:Visual editing mobile switch wikitext.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]] Remember to publish your changes when you're done. You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.</div></div> Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has wrapped up most of their work on the [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] and [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]]. The team has begun investigating the needs of editors who use mobile devices. Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]]. Their [[mw:Wikimedia Audiences/2018-19 Q2 Goals#Contributors|current priorities]] are fixing bugs and improving mobile editing. === Recent changes === *The Editing team has published an [[mw:Mobile editing using the visual editor report|initial report about mobile editing]]. *The Editing team has begun a design study of visual editing on the mobile website. New editors have trouble doing basic tasks on a smartphone, such as adding links to Wikipedia articles. You can [[c:File:Visual Editor Heuristic - Results.pdf|read the report]]. *The Reading team is working on a [[mw:Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|separate mobile-based contributions project]]. *The 2006 wikitext editor is [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Removal of the 2006 wikitext editor|no longer supported]]. If you used [[:File:Edit toolbar - 2.png|that toolbar]], then you will no longer see any toolbar. You may choose another editing tool in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|local gadgets]], or [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]]. *The Editing team described the history and status of [[mw:Extension:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] in [[m:Wikimedia monthly activities meetings/2018-03|this recorded public presentation]] (starting at 29 minutes, 30 seconds). *The Language team released [[mw:Content translation/V2|a new version of Content Translation]] (CX2) last month, on [[foundationsite:2018/09/30/international-translation-day/|International Translation Day]]. It integrates the visual editor to support templates, tables, and images. It also produces better wikitext when the translated article is published. [https://wikimediafoundation.org/2018/09/30/content-translation-version-two/] === Let's work together === * The Editing team wants to improve visual editing on the mobile website. <mark>Please read [[mw:Visual-based mobile editing/Ideas/October 2018|their ideas]] and tell the team what you think would help editors who use the mobile site.</mark> *The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]] begins next week. *If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&action=edit&section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} —[[mw:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 14:17, 2 November 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=17790200 --> == Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> '''Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web''' {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Page_issues_-_mobile_banner_example.jpg|thumb|Example of improvements]] Hello, In a few weeks the Readers web team will be changing how some templates look on the mobile web site. We will make these templates more noticeable when viewing the article. We ask for your help in updating any templates that don't look correct. What kind of templates? Specifically templates that notify readers and contributors about issues with the content of an article – the text and information in the article. Examples like [[wikidata:Q5962027|Template:Unreferenced]] or [[Wikidata:Q5619503|Template:More citations needed]]. Right now these notifications are hidden behind a link under the title of an article. We will format templates like these (mostly those that use Template:Ambox or message box templates in general) to show a short summary under the page title. You can tap on the "Learn more" link to get more information. For template editors we have [[mw:Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Making_page_issues_(ambox_templates)_mobile_friendly|some recommendations on how to make templates that are mobile-friendly]] and also further [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|documentation on our work so far]]. If you have questions about formatting templates for mobile, [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|please leave a note on the project talk page]] or [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Readers-Web-Backlog file a task in Phabricator] and we will help you. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 19:35, 13 November 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18543269 --> == Advanced Search == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] will become a default feature on your wiki on November 28. This new interface allows you to perform specialized searches on the [[Special:Search|search page]], even if you don’t know any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|search syntax]]. Advanced Search originates from the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishes project]]. It's already a default feature on German, Arabic, Farsi and Hungarian Wikipedia. Besides, more than 40.000 users across all wikis have tested the beta version. Feedback is welcome on the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:AdvancedSearch|central feedback page]].</div> [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 11:03, 26 November 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&oldid=18363910 --> == New Wikimedia password policy and requirements == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} The Wikimedia Foundation security team is implementing a new [[m:Password policy|password policy and requirements]]. [[mw:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|You can learn more about the project on MediaWiki.org]]. These new requirements will apply to new accounts and privileged accounts. New accounts will be required to create a password with a minimum length of 8 characters. Privileged accounts will be prompted to update their password to one that is at least 10 characters in length. These changes are planned to be in effect on December 13th. If you think your work or tools will be affected by this change, please let us know on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|the talk page]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} </div> [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:03, 6 December 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18639017 --> == Invitation from Wiki Loves Love 2019 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|right|frameless]] Love is an important subject for humanity and it is expressed in different cultures and regions in different ways across the world through different gestures, ceremonies, festivals and to document expression of this rich and beautiful emotion, we need your help so we can share and spread the depth of cultures that each region has, the best of how people of that region, celebrate love. [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love|Wiki Loves Love (WLL)]] is an international photography competition of Wikimedia Commons with the subject love testimonials happening in the month of February. The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. The theme of 2019 iteration is '''''Celebrations, Festivals, Ceremonies and rituals of love.''''' Sign up your affiliate or individually at [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Participants|Participants]] page. To know more about the contest, check out our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Commons Page]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/FAQ|FAQs]] There are several prizes to grab. Hope to see you spreading love this February with Wiki Loves Love! Kind regards, [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/International Team|Wiki Loves Love Team]] Imagine... the sum of all love! </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 10:13, 27 December 2018 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18639017 --> == FileExporter beta feature == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Logo for the beta feature FileExporter.svg|thumb|Coming soon: the beta feature [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]]] A new beta feature will soon be released on all wikis: The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]. It allows exports of files from a local wiki to Wikimedia Commons, including their file history and page history. Which files can be exported is defined by each wiki's community: '''Please check your wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration file documentation|configuration file]]''' if you want to use this feature. The FileExporter has already been a beta feature on [https://www.mediawiki.org mediawiki.org], [https://meta.wikimedia.org meta.wikimedia], deWP, faWP, arWP, koWP and on [https://wikisource.org wikisource.org]. After some functionality was added, it's now becoming a beta feature on all wikis. Deployment is planned for January 16. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|on the project page]]. As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test the FileExporter, please activate it in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]]. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:FileImporter|central talk page]]. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]]. </div> [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 09:41, 14 January 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=18782700 --> == No editing for 30 minutes on 17 January == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You will '''not be able to edit''' the wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190117T07 17 January 07:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a database problem that has to be fixed immediately. You can still read the wikis. Some wikis are not affected. They don't get this message. You can see which wikis are '''not''' affected [[:m:User:Johan (WMF)/201901ReadOnlyPage|on this page]]. Most wikis are affected. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]</div> 18:55, 16 January 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/201901ReadOnly/Targets8&oldid=18789240 --> == Talk to us about talking == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-rtl.svg|alt="icon depicting two speech Bubbles"|frameless|right|120px]] The Wikimedia Foundation is planning a [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|global consultation about communication]]. The goal is to bring Wikimedians and wiki-minded people together to improve tools for communication. We want all contributors to be able to talk to each other on the wikis, whatever their experience, their skills or their devices. We are looking for input from as many different parts of the Wikimedia community as possible. It will come from multiple projects, in multiple languages, and with multiple perspectives. We are currently planning the consultation. We need your help. '''We need volunteers to help talk to their communities or user groups.''' You can help by hosting a discussion at your wiki. Here's what to do: # First, [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|sign up your group here.]] # Next, create a page (or a section on a Village pump, or an e-mail thread – whatever is natural for your group) to collect information from other people in your group. This is not a vote or decision-making discussion: we are just collecting feedback. # Then ask people what they think about communication processes. We want to hear stories and other information about how people communicate with each other on and off wiki. Please consider asking these five questions: ## When you want to discuss a topic with your community, what tools work for you, and what problems block you? ## What about talk pages works for newcomers, and what blocks them? ## What do others struggle with in your community about talk pages? ## What do you wish you could do on talk pages, but can't due to the technical limitations? ## What are the important aspects of a "wiki discussion"? # Finally, please go to [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019 on Mediawiki.org]] and report what you learned from your group. Please include links if the discussion is available to the public. '''You can also help build the list of the many different ways people talk to each other.''' Not all groups active on wikis or around wikis use the same way to discuss things: it can happen on wiki, on social networks, through external tools... Tell us [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Tools in use|how your group communicates]]. You can read more about [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|the overall process]] on mediawiki.org. If you have questions or ideas, you can [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|leave feedback about the consultation process]] in the language you prefer. Thank you! We're looking forward to talking with you. </div> [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 15:01, 21 February 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18639017 --> == New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2019) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/72/ Kinige]''' – Primarily Indian-language ebooks - 10 books per month * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale]''' – Times Digital Archive collection added (covering 1785-2013) * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]''' – New applications now being taken again Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/10/ Taylor & Francis], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/32/ Annual Reviews] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. You can request new partnerships on our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/suggest/ Suggestions page]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 17:40, 13 March 2019 (UTC) :''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''<br> :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=18873404 --> == Read-only mode for up to 30 minutes on 11 April == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You will '''not be able to edit''' most Wikimedia wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April 05:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a hardware problem. You can still read the wikis. You [[phab:T220080|can see which wikis are affected]]. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]</div></div></div> 10:56, 8 Oforisuo 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18979889 --> == Wikimedia Foundation Medium-Term Plan feedback request == {{int:please-translate}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The Wikimedia Foundation has published a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|Medium-Term Plan proposal]] covering the next 3–5 years. We want your feedback! Please leave all comments and questions, in any language, on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|the talk page]], by April 20. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 17:35, 12 Oforisuo 2019 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=18998727 --> == Wikidata Bridge: edit Wikidata’s data from Wikipedia infoboxes == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''Sorry for writing this message in English - feel free to help us translating it :)'' Hello all, Many language versions of Wikipedia use the content of [[Wikidata]], the centralized knowledge base, to fill out the content of infoboxes. The data is stored in Wikidata and displayed, partially or completely, in the Wikipedia’s language, on the articles. This feature is used by many template editors, but brought several issues that were raised by communities in various places: not being able to edit the data directly from Wikipedia was one of them. This is the reason why the '''[[mw:Wikidata Bridge|Wikidata Bridge]]''' project started, with the goal of offering a way to Wikipedia editors to edit Wikidata’s data more easily. This will be achieved by an interface, connected to the infobox, that users can access directly from their local wiki. The project is now at an early stage of development. A lot of [[mw:Wikidata_Bridge/Research|user research]] has been done, and will continue to be done through the different phases of the project. The next steps of [[mw:Wikidata_Bridge/Development|development]] will be achieved by the development team working at Wikimedia Deutschland, starting now until the end of 2019. In order to make sure that we’re building a tool that is answering editors’ needs, we’re using agile methods in our development process. We don’t start with a fixed idea of the tool we want to deliver: we will build it together with the editors, based on feedback loops that we will regularly organize. The first version will not necessarily have all of the features you want, but it will keep evolving. Here’s the planned timeline: * From June to August, we will build the setup and technical groundwork. * From September to November 2019, we will develop the first version of the feature and publish a test system so you can try it and give feedback. * Later on, we will test the feature on a few projects, in collaboration with the communities. ** We will first focus on early adopters communities who already implemented a shortcut from their infoboxes to edit Wikidata (for example Russian, Catalan, Basque Wikipedias) ** but we also welcome also communities who [[mw:Wikidata_Bridge/Get_involved|volunteer to be part of the first test round]]. ** Then we will reach some of the big Wikipedias (French, German, English) in order to see if the project scales and to address their potentially different needs. ** Even later, we can consider enabling the feature on all the other projects. In any case, no deployment or big change will be enforced on the projects without talking to the communities first, and helping the template builders to prepare for the changes they will have to do on the infoboxes’ code. If you want to get involved, there are several ways to help: * Read and help translating [[mw:Wikidata_Bridge|the documentation pages]] * Follow the [[mw:Wikidata_Bridge/Updates|updates]] and participate in [[mw:Topic:V1x2lxtu8rgi954a|the first feedback loop]] * Talk about it with your local community More ideas will be added [[mw:Wikidata_Bridge/Get_involved|on this page]] along the way If you have any questions for the development team, feel free to ask them [[mw:Talk:Wikidata_Bridge|on the main talk page]]. You can also ask under this message, but if you expect an answer from me, please make sure to ping me. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 13:03, 24 June 2019 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&oldid=19168539 --> == Editing News #1—July 2019 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]'' <div style="float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;"> [[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]] <big>'''Did you know?'''</big> <div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size: 90%;"> Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device? Every article has a pencil icon at the top. Tap on the pencil icon [[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|frameless|16x16px]] to start editing. '''<big>Edit Cards</big>''' [[File:EditCards-v.20.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]] This is what the new '''Edit Cards for editing links''' in the mobile visual editor look like. You can try the prototype here: '''[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].''' </div></div> Welcome back to the [[mw:Editing|Editing]] newsletter. Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|the last newsletter]], the team has released two new features for the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|mobile visual editor]] and has started developing three more. All of this work is part of the team's goal to [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2018-2019/Audiences#Outcome 3: Mobile Contribution|make editing on mobile web simpler]]. Before talking about the team's recent releases, we have a question for you: <strong>Are you willing to try a new way to add and change links?</strong> If you are interested, we would value your input! You can try this new link tool in the mobile visual editor on a separate wiki. <em>Follow these instructions and share your experience:</em> <strong>[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].</strong> === Recent releases === The mobile visual editor is a simpler editing tool, for smartphones and tablets using the [[mw:Reading/Web/Mobile#About|mobile site]]. The Editing team recently launched two new features to improve the mobile visual editor: # [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing|Section editing]] #* The purpose is to help contributors focus on their edits. #* The team studied this with an A/B test. [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing#16 June 2019|This test showed]] that contributors who could use section editing were '''1% more likely to publish''' the edits they started than people with only full-page editing. # [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#March 1, 2019|Loading overlay]] #* The purpose is to smooth the transition between reading and editing. Section editing and the new loading overlay are '''now available to everyone''' using the mobile visual editor. === New and active projects === This is a list of our most active projects. [[mw:Help:Watching pages|Watch]] these pages to learn about project updates and to share your input on new designs, prototypes and research findings. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit cards]]: This is a clearer way to add and edit links, citations, images, templates, etc. in articles. You can try this feature now. <em>Go here to see how:</em> [[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 <em>Try Edit Cards</em>]]. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Mobile toolbar refresh]]: This project will learn if contributors are more successful when the editing tools are easier to recognize. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|Mobile visual editor availability]]: This A/B test asks: ''Are newer contributors more successful if they use the mobile visual editor?'' We are collaborating with [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default#26 June 2019 %E2%80%93 Participating wikis and test start date|20 Wikipedias]] to answer this question. *[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Usability improvements|Usability improvements]]: This project will make the mobile visual editor easier to use. The goal is to let contributors stay focused on editing and to feel more confident in the editing tools. === Looking ahead === * '''Wikimania:''' Several members of the Editing Team will be attending [[wmania:|Wikimania]] in August 2019. They will lead a session about mobile editing in the [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|Community Growth space]]. Talk to the team about how editing can be improved. * '''Talk Pages:''' In the coming months, the Editing Team will begin [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|improving talk pages]] and communication on the wikis. === Learning more === The [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|VisualEditor on mobile]] is a good place to learn more about the projects we are working on. The team wants to talk with you about anything related to editing. If you have something to say or ask, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]]. [[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) & [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 18:32, 23 July 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=19175117 --> == Update on the consultation about office actions == Hello all, Last month, the Wikimedia Foundation's Trust & Safety team [[:en:Wikipedia:Village_pump_(policy)/Archive_152#Announcement_of_forthcoming_temporary_and_partial_ban_tool_consultation|announced]] a future consultation about partial and/or temporary [[m:Special:MyLanguage/office actions|office actions]]. We want to let you know that the '''draft version''' of this consultation has now been [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|posted on Meta]]. This is a '''draft'''. It is not intended to be the consultation itself, which will be posted on Meta likely in early September. Please do not treat this draft as a consultation. Instead, we ask your assistance in forming the final language for the consultation. For that end, we would like your input over the next couple of weeks about what questions the consultation should ask about partial and temporary Foundation office action bans and how it should be formatted. '''[[:m:Talk:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|Please post it on the draft talk page]]'''. Our goal is to provide space for the community to discuss all the aspects of these office actions that need to be discussed, and we want to ensure with your feedback that the consultation is presented in the best way to encourage frank and constructive conversation. Please visit [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|the consultation draft on Meta-wiki]] and leave your comments on the draft’s talk page about what the consultation should look like and what questions it should ask. Thank you for your input! -- The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety|Trust & Safety team]] 08:03, 16 August 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=19175143 --> == New tools and IP masking == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hey everyone, The Wikimedia Foundation wants to work on two things that affect how we patrol changes and handle vandalism and harassment. We want to make the tools that are used to handle bad edits better. We also want to get better privacy for unregistered users so their IP addresses are no longer shown to everyone in the world. We would not hide IP addresses until we have better tools for patrolling. We have an idea of what tools ''could'' be working better and how a more limited access to IP addresses would change things, but we need to hear from more wikis. You can read more about the project [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|on Meta]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|post comments and feedback]]. Now is when we need to hear from you to be able to give you better tools to handle vandalism, spam and harassment. You can post in your language if you can't write in English. [[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]</div></div></div> 14:18, 21 August 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tools_and_IP_message/Distribution&oldid=19315232 --> == The consultation on partial and temporary Foundation bans just started == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div class="plainlinks"> Hello, In a [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|recent statement]], the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|requested that staff hold a consultation]] to "re-evaluat[e] or add community input to the two new office action policy tools (temporary and partial Foundation bans)". Accordingly, the Foundation's Trust & Safety team invites all Wikimedians [[:m:Office actions/Community consultation on partial and temporary office actions/09 2019|to join this consultation and give their feedback]] from 30 September to 30 October. How can you help? * Suggest how partial and temporary Foundation bans should be used, if they should (eg: On all projects, or only on a subset); * Give ideas about how partial and temporary Foundation bans should ideally implemented, if they should be; and/or * Propose changes to the existing Office Actions policy on partial and temporary bans. We offer our thanks in advance for your contributions, and we hope to get as much input as possible from community members during this consultation! </div> </div>-- [[user:Kbrown (WMF)|Kbrown (WMF)]] 17:14, 30 September 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=19302497 --> == Feedback wanted on Desktop Improvements project == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:Please-translate}} {{int:Hello}}. The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|improvements to the desktop interface]] over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. We would like to begin the process of bringing some of these changes into the default experience on all Wikimedia projects. We are currently in the research stage of this project and are looking for ideas for improvements, as well as feedback on our current ideas and mockups. So far, we have performed interviews with community members at Wikimania. We have gathered lists of previous volunteer and WMF work in this area. We are examining possible technical approaches for such changes. We would like individual feedback on the following: * Identifying focus areas for the project we have not yet discovered * Expanding the list of existing gadgets and user scripts that are related to providing a better desktop experience. If you can think of some of these from your wiki, please let us know * Feedback on the ideas and mockups we have collected so far We would also like to gather a list of wikis that would be interested in being test wikis for this project - these wikis would be the first to receive the updates once we’re ready to start building. When giving feedback, please consider the following goals of the project: * Make it easier for readers to focus on the content * Provide easier access to everyday actions (e.g. search, language switching, editing) * Put things in logical and useful places * Increase consistency in the interface with other platforms - mobile web and the apps * Eliminate clutter * Plan for future growth As well as the following constraints: * Not touching the content - no work will be done in terms of styling templates or to the structure of page contents themselves * Not removing any functionality - things might move around, but all navigational items and other functionality currently available by default will remain * No drastic changes to the layout - we're taking an evolutionary approach to the changes and want the site to continue feeling familiar to readers and editors Please give all feedback (in any language) at [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements]] After this round of feedback, we plan on building a prototype of suggested changes based on the feedback we receive. You’ll hear from us again asking for feedback on this prototype. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[mw:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 07:18, 16 October 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_4&oldid=19462890 --> == Beta feature "Reference Previews" == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> A new beta feature will soon be deployed to your wiki: [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]]. As you might guess from the name, this feature gives you a preview of references in the article text. That means, you can look up a reference without jumping down to the bottom of the page. Reference Previews have already been a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia since April. Now they will become available on more wikis. Deployment is planned for October 24. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on the project page]]. As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test Reference Previews, please activate the beta feature in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]] and let us know what you think. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help talk:Reference Previews|central talk page]]. We hope the feature will serve you well in your work. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]]. </div> -- [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 09:47, 23 October 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=19478814 --> == Editing News #2 – Mobile editing and talk pages == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> Inside this newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] talks about their work on the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]], on [[mw:Talk pages project|the new talk pages project]], and at [[wikimania:|Wikimania 2019]]. === Help === <strong>What talk page interactions do you remember?</strong> Is it a story about how someone helped you to learn something new? Is it a story about how someone helped you get involved in a group? Something else? Whatever your story is, we want to hear it! Please tell us a story about how you used a talk page. <mark>Please share a link to a memorable discussion, or describe it on the <strong>[[mw:Topic:V8d91yh8gcg404dj|talk page for this project]]</strong>.</mark> The team wants your examples. These examples will help everyone develop a shared understanding of what this project should support and encourage. === Talk pages project === The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk Pages Consultation]] was a global consultation to define better tools for wiki communication. From February through June 2019, more than 500 volunteers on 20 wikis, across 15 languages and multiple projects, came together with members of the Foundation to create a product direction for a set of discussion tools. The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Phase 2 report|Phase 2 Report]] of the Talk Page Consultation was published in August. It summarizes the product direction the team has started to work on, which you can read more about here: [[mw:Talk pages project|Talk Page Project project page]]. The team needs and wants your help at this early stage. They are starting to develop the first idea. Please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|<strong>"Getting involved"</strong>]] section of the project page, if you would like to hear about opportunities to participate. === Mobile visual editor === The Editing team is trying to make it simpler to edit on mobile devices. The team is changing the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|visual editor on mobile]]. If you have something to say about editing on a mobile device, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]]. ==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit Cards]] ==== [[File:Edit Cards-before-v3-comparison.png|thumb|486x486px|What happens when you click on a link. The new Edit Card is bigger and has more options for editing links.]] * On 3 September, the Editing team released [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|version 3 of Edit Cards]]. Anyone could use the new version in the mobile visual editor. * There is an [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|updated design]] on the Edit Card for adding and modifying links. There is also a new, [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#2 September 2019 - v3 deployment timing|combined workflow for editing a link's display text and target]]. * Feedback: You can try the new Edit Cards by opening the mobile visual editor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[:mw:Topic:V5rg0cqmikpubmjj|Edit cards talk page]]. ==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Toolbar]] ==== [[File:Toolbar-comparison-v1.png|thumb|486px|The editing toolbar is changing in the mobile visual editor. The old system had two different toolbars. Now, all the buttons are together. [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Tell the team what you think about the new toolbar]].]] * In September, the Editing team updated the mobile visual editor's editing toolbar. Anyone could see these changes in the mobile visual editor. ** <em>One toolbar:</em> All of the editing tools are located in one toolbar. Previously, the toolbar changed when you clicked on different things. **<em>New navigation:</em> The buttons for moving forward and backward in the edit flow have changed. **<em>Seamless switching:</em> an [[phab:T228159|improved workflow]] for switching between the visual and wikitext modes. * Feedback: You can try the refreshed toolbar by opening the mobile VisualEditor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Toolbar feedback talk page]]. === Wikimania === The Editing Team attended [[wmania:2019:Program|Wikimania 2019]] in Sweden. They led a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|the mobile visual editor]] and a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/After Flow: A new direction for improving talk pages|the new talk pages project]]. They tested [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh#v1 prototype|two]] new [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#v3 prototype|features]] in the mobile visual editor with contributors. You can read more about what the team did and learned in [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#Wikimania Stockholm: Overview|the team's report on Wikimania 2019]]. === Looking ahead === * <strong>Talk Pages Project:</strong> The team is thinking about the first set of proposed changes. The team will be working with a few communities to pilot those changes. The best way to stay informed is by adding your username to the list on the project page: [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|<strong>Getting involved</strong>]]. * <strong>Testing the mobile visual editor as the default:</strong> The Editing team plans to post results before the end of the calendar year. The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|<strong>VisualEditor as mobile default project page</strong>]]. * <strong>Measuring the impact of Edit Cards:</strong> This study asks whether the project helped editors add links and citations. The Editing team hopes to share results in November. The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|<strong>Edit Cards project page</strong>]]. – [[User:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) & [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 11:12, 29 October 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/VE_201910/5&oldid=19500851 --> == Wikipedia Asian Month 2019 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:WAM logo without text.svg|right|frameless]] '''Wikipedia Asian Month''' is back! We wish you all the best of luck for the contest. The basic guidelines of the contest can be found on your local page of Wikipedia Asian Month. For more information, refer [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|to our Meta page]] for organizers. Looking forward to meet the next ambassadors for Wikipedia Asian Month 2019! For additional support for organizing offline event, contact our international team [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|on wiki]] or on email. We would appreciate the translation of this message in the local language by volunteer translators. Thank you! [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team.]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:57, 31 October 2019 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/WAM&oldid=19499019 --> == Extension of Wikipedia Asian Month contest == In consideration of a week-long internet block in Iran, [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019|Wikipedia Asian Month 2019]] contest has been extended for a week past November. The articles submitted till 7th December 2019, 23:59 UTC will be accepted by the fountain tools of the participating wikis. Please help us translate and spread this message in your local language. [[:m:Wikipedia Asian Month 2019/International Team|Wikipedia Asian Month International Team]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:16, 27 November 2019 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/WAM&oldid=19592127 --> == Wiki Loves Folklore == [[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|100px|right|frameless]] '''Hello Folks,''' Wiki Loves Love is back again in 2020 iteration as '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' from 1 February, 2020 - 29 February, 2020. Join us to celebrate the local cultural heritage of your region with the theme of folklore in the international photography contest at [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wllove Wikimedia Commons]. Images, videos and audios representing different forms of folk cultures and new forms of heritage that haven’t otherwise been documented so far are welcome submissions in Wiki Loves Folklore. Learn more about the contest at [[m:Wiki Loves Folklore|Meta-Wiki]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Commons]]. '''Kind regards,'''<br/> [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore/International Team|'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''']]<br/> <small>&mdash;&nbsp;[[User:Tulsi Bhagat|<font color="black">'''Tulsi Bhagat'''</font>]] <small>([[Special:Contributions/Tulsi Bhagat|<font color="black">contribs</font>]] &#124; [[User talk:Tulsi Bhagat|<font color="black">talk</font>]])</small><br/> sent using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:15, 18 January 2020 (UTC)</small> <!-- Message sent by User:Tulsi Bhagat@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wll&oldid=19716850 --> == Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project == Hello The Wikimedia Foundation’s Community Development team is seeking to learn more about the way volunteers learn and develop into the many different roles that exist in the movement. Our goal is to build a movement informed framework that provides shared clarity and outlines accessible pathways on how to grow and develop skills within the movement. To this end, we are looking to speak with you, our community to learn about your journey as a Wikimedia volunteer. Whether you joined yesterday or have been here from the very start, we want to hear about the many ways volunteers join and contribute to our movement. To learn more about the project, [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project|please visit the Meta page]]. If you are interested in participating in the project, please complete [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSegM07N1FK_s0VUECM61AlWOthwdn5zQOlVsa2vaKcx13BwZg/viewform?usp=sf_link this simple Google form]. Although we may not be able to speak to everyone who expresses interest, we encourage you to complete this short form if you are interested in participating! -- [[user:LMiranda (WMF)|LMiranda (WMF)]] ([[user talk:LMiranda (WMF)|talk]]) 19:01, 22 January 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=19738989 --> == Additional interface for edit conflicts on talk pages == ''Sorry, for writing this text in English. If you could help to translate it, it would be appreciated.'' You might know the new interface for edit conflicts (currently a beta feature). Now, Wikimedia Germany is designing an additional interface to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This interface is shown to you when you write on a discussion page and another person writes a discussion post in the same line and saves it before you do. With this additional editing conflict interface you can adjust the order of the comments and edit your comment. We are inviting everyone to have a look at [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|the planned feature]]. Let us know what you think on our [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|central feedback page]]! -- For the Technical Wishes Team: [[m:User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 14:15, 26 February 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=19845780 --> == Editing news 2020 #1 – Discussion tools == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:TalkPages-Reply-v1.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Screenshot showing what the Reply tool looks like|This early version of the Reply tool automatically signs and indents comments.]] The [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] has been working on [[mw:Talk pages project|the talk pages project]]. The goal of the talk pages project is to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily. This project is the result of the [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019]]. [[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Reply tool improved with edit tool buttons|In a future update, the team plans to test a tool for easily linking to another user's name, a rich-text editing option, and other tools.]] The team is building a [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|new tool for replying]] to comments now. This early version can sign and indent comments automatically. <strong>Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20version%201.0|test the new Reply tool]].</strong> *On 31 March 2020, the new {{Int:discussiontools-replylink}} tool was offered as a [[mw:Beta Feature|Beta Feature]] editors at four Wikipedias: [[w:ar:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Arabic]], [[w:nl:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Dutch]], [[w:fr:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|French]], and [[w:hu:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Hungarian]]. If your community also wants early access to the new tool, contact [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]]. *The team is planning some upcoming changes. <strong>Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|review the proposed design]] and share your thoughts on the talk page.</strong> The team will test features such as: **an easy way to mention another editor ("pinging"), **a rich-text visual editing option, and **other features identified through user testing or recommended by editors. To hear more about Editing Team updates, please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Get involved|<strong>"Get involved"</strong>]] section of the project page. You can also watch [[File:MediaWiki Vector skin blue star watchlist icon.svg|frameless|16px]] these pages: [[mw:Talk pages project|the main project page]], [[mw:Talk pages project/Updates|Updates]], [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|Replying]], and [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing|User testing]]. – [[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) & [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 19:27, 8 Oforisuo 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox3&oldid=19967063 --> == Afrocuration == Hi all, I would like to create some articles in relation with the Afrocuration project that covers Covid-19 in African languages. I have posted the first article [[Yareɛ a yɛ frɛ no Coronavirus]]. Can someone please see if the article is up to standard? Kind regards [[User:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[User talk:Dumbassman|talk]]) 13:01, 8 June 2020 (UTC) == Editing news 2020 #2 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|alt=Mockup of the new reply feature, showing new editing tools|thumb|400x400px|The new features include a toolbar. [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/replying|What do you think should be in the toolbar?]]]] This issue of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing|Editing]] newsletter includes information the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]], an effort to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|<strong>Reply tool</strong>]]: This is available as a Beta Feature at the four partner wikis (Arabic, Dutch, French, and Hungarian Wikipedias). The Beta Feature is called "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}". The Beta Feature will get [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|new features]] soon. The new features include writing comments in a new visual editing mode and pinging other users by typing <code>@</code>. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20tool%20version%202.0|test the new features]] on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] now. Some other wikis will have a chance to try the Beta Feature in the coming months. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New requirements for user signatures|<strong>New requirements for user signatures</strong>]]: Soon, users will not be able to save invalid custom signatures in [[Special:Preferences]]. This will reduce signature spoofing, prevent page corruption, and make new talk page tools more reliable. Most editors will not be affected. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|<strong>New discussion tool</strong>]]: The Editing team is beginning work on a simpler process for starting new discussions. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion#Design|see the initial design on the project page]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Usage of talk pages|<strong>Research on the use of talk pages</strong>]]: The Editing team worked with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Research|Wikimedia research team]] to study how talk pages help editors improve articles. We learned that new editors who use talk pages make more edits to the main namespace than new editors who don't use talk pages. – [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 20:33, 17 June 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=20184653 --> == Annual contest Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos == [[File:WPWP logo 1.png|150px|right|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP)]] This is to invite you to join the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign starts today 1st July 2020 and closes 31st August 2020. The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years. Please visit the '''[[m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign. With kind regards, Thank you, Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - 08:24, 1 July 2020 (UTC) ''feel free to translate this message to your local language when this helps your community'' <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Romaine/MassMessage&oldid=20232618 --> == Feedback on movement names == {{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{int:please-translate}} if necessary. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} There are a lot of conversations happening about the future of our movement names. We hope that you are part of these discussions and that your community is represented. Since 16 June, the Foundation Brand Team has been running a [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9G2dN7P0T7gPqpD survey] in 7 languages about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project/Naming convention proposals|3 naming options]]. There are also community members sharing concerns about renaming in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community open letter on renaming|Community Open Letter]]. Our goal in this call for feedback is to hear from across the community, so we encourage you to participate in the survey, the open letter, or both. The survey will go through 7 July in all timezones. Input from the survey and discussions will be analyzed and published on Meta-Wiki. Thanks for thinking about the future of the movement, --[[:m:Talk:Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project|The Brand Project team]], 19:42, 2 July 2020 (UTC) ''Note: The survey is conducted via a third-party service, which may subject it to additional terms. For more information on privacy and data-handling, see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Naming Convention Proposals Movement Feedback Survey Privacy Statement|survey privacy statement]].'' <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&oldid=20238830 --> == Editing news 2020 #3 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:50M@2x.png|thumb|alt=A gold star with a blue ribbon, and the text 50m|More than <strong>50 million edits</strong> have been made using the visual editor on desktop.|400px]] Seven years ago this month, the [[mw:Editing team|Editing team]] offered the visual editor to most Wikipedia editors. Since then, editors have achieved many milestones: * More than <strong>50 million edits</strong> have been made using the visual editor on desktop. * More than <strong>2 million new articles</strong> have been created in the visual editor. More than 600,000 of these new articles were created during 2019. * The visual editor is <strong>increasingly popular</strong>. The proportion of all edits made using the visual editor has increased every year since its introduction. * In 2019, <strong>35% of the edits by newcomers</strong> (logged-in editors with ≤99 edits) used the visual editor. This percentage has <strong>increased every year</strong>. * Almost <strong>5 million edits on the mobile site</strong> have been made with the visual editor. Most of these edits have been made since the Editing team started improving the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]] in 2018. * On 17 November 2019, the [https://discuss-space.wmflabs.org/t/first-edit-made-to-wikipedia-from-outer-space/2254 <strong>first edit from outer space</strong>] was made in the mobile visual editor. 🚀 👩‍🚀 * Editors have made more than <strong>7 million edits in the 2017 wikitext editor</strong>, including starting <strong>600,000 new articles</strong> in it. The [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] is VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode. You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable it in your preferences]]. [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 12:55, 9 July 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=20232673 --> == Announcing a new wiki project! Welcome, Abstract Wikipedia == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi all, It is my honor to introduce Abstract Wikipedia, a new project that has been unanimously approved by the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. Abstract Wikipedia proposes a new way to generate baseline encyclopedic content in a multilingual fashion, allowing more contributors and more readers to share more knowledge in more languages. It is an approach that aims to make cross-lingual cooperation easier on our projects, increase the sustainability of our movement through expanding access to participation, improve the user experience for readers of all languages, and innovate in free knowledge by connecting some of the strengths of our movement to create something new. This is our first new project in over seven years. Abstract Wikipedia was submitted as a project proposal by Denny Vrandečić in May 2020 <ref>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]</ref> after years of preparation and research, leading to a detailed plan and lively discussions in the Wikimedia communities. We know that the energy and the creativity of the community often runs up against language barriers, and information that is available in one language may not make it to other language Wikipedias. Abstract Wikipedia intends to look and feel like a Wikipedia, but build on the powerful, language-independent conceptual models of Wikidata, with the goal of letting volunteers create and maintain Wikipedia articles across our polyglot Wikimedia world. The project will allow volunteers to assemble the fundamentals of an article using words and entities from Wikidata. Because Wikidata uses conceptual models that are meant to be universal across languages, it should be possible to use and extend these building blocks of knowledge to create models for articles that also have universal value. Using code, volunteers will be able to translate these abstract “articles” into their own languages. If successful, this could eventually allow everyone to read about any topic in Wikidata in their own language. As you can imagine, this work will require a lot of software development, and a lot of cooperation among Wikimedians. In order to make this effort possible, Denny will join the Foundation as a staff member in July and lead this initiative. You may know Denny as the creator of Wikidata, a long-time community member, a former staff member at Wikimedia Deutschland, and a former Trustee at the Wikimedia Foundation <ref>[[m:User:Denny|User:Denny]]</ref>. We are very excited that Denny will bring his skills and expertise to work on this project alongside the Foundation’s product, technology, and community liaison teams. It is important to acknowledge that this is an experimental project, and that every Wikipedia community has different needs. This project may offer some communities great advantages. Other communities may engage less. Every language Wikipedia community will be free to choose and moderate whether or how they would use content from this project. We are excited that this new wiki-project has the possibility to advance knowledge equity through increased access to knowledge. It also invites us to consider and engage with critical questions about how and by whom knowledge is constructed. We look forward to working in cooperation with the communities to think through these important questions. There is much to do as we begin designing a plan for Abstract Wikipedia in close collaboration with our communities. I encourage you to get involved by going to the project page and joining the new mailing list <ref>[[mail:abstract-wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia mailing list]]</ref>. We recognize that Abstract Wikipedia is ambitious, but we also recognize its potential. We invite you all to join us on a new, unexplored path. Yours, Katherine Maher (Executive Director, Wikimedia Foundation) <references/> </div> <small>Sent by [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 20:10, 9 July 2020 (UTC) - '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/July 2020 announcement]]''' </small> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&oldid=20265921 --> == Technical Wishes: FileExporter and FileImporter become default features on all Wikis == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter and FileImporter]] will become a default features on all wikis until August 7, 2020. They are planned to help you to move files from your local wiki to Wikimedia Commons easier while keeping all original file information (Description, Source, Date, Author, View History) intact. Additionally, the move is documented in the files view history. How does it work? Step 1: If you are an auto-confirmed user, you will see a link "Move file to Wikimedia Commons" on the local file page. Step 2: When you click on this link, the FileImporter checks if the file can in fact be moved to Wikimedia Commons. These checks are performed based on the wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration_file_documentation|configuration file]] which is created and maintained by each local wiki community. Step 3: If the file is compatible with Wikimedia Commons, you will be taken to an import page, at which you can update or add information regarding the file, such as the description. You can also add the 'Now Commons' template to the file on the local wiki by clicking the corresponding check box in the import form. Admins can delete the file from the local wiki by enabling the corresponding checkbox. By clicking on the 'Import' button at the end of the page, the file is imported to Wikimedia Commons. If you want to know more about the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter extension]] or the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes Project]], follow the links. --For the Technical Wishes Team: </div>[[User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 09:14, 6 August 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=20343133 --> == Important: maintenance operation on September 1st == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]] • [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|{{int:please-translate}}]] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic to the secondary data centre on '''Tuesday, September 1st 2020'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, September 1st. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200901T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday September 2). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the week of September 1st, 2020. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. '''Please share this information with your community.''' </div></div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])</span> 13:49, 26 August 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20384955 --> == New Wikipedia Library Collections Now Available (September 2020) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/101/ Al Manhal]''' – Arabic journals and ebooks * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/102/ Ancestry.com]''' – Genealogical and historical records * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/100/ RILM]''' – Music encyclopedias Many other partnerships are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/49/ Adam Matthew], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]. A significant portion of our collection now no longer requires individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ recent blog post]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects! <br>--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 09:49, 3 September 2020 (UTC) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=20418180 --> == Invitation to participate in the conversation == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies for cross-posting, and that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following announcement may be available on '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review/Invitation (long version)|Meta]]'''. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' We are excited to share '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]]''', which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020. The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved? Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too. To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcomed to translate this message and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review]]. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages. To learn more about the UCoC project, see the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] page, and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|FAQ]], on Meta. Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]], 17:55, 10 September 2020 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Draft_review/Invitation_(long_version)/List&oldid=20440292 --> == Wiki of functions naming contest == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:Please-translate}} {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki where the community can work together on a library of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Wiki_of_functions_naming_contest#function|functions]]. The community can create new functions, read about them, discuss them, and share them. Some of these functions will be used to help create language-independent Wikipedia articles that can be displayed in any language, as part of the Abstract Wikipedia project. But functions will also be usable in many other situations. There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with voting beginning on 29 September and 27 October. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on 8 December. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]</div> 21:22, 29 September 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_5&oldid=20492309 --> == Call for feedback about Wikimedia Foundation Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. Today the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees starts two calls for feedback. One is about changes to the Bylaws mainly to increase the Board size from 10 to 16 members. The other one is about a trustee candidate rubric to introduce new, more effective ways to evaluate new Board candidates. The Board welcomes your comments through 26 October. For more details, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2020 - Call for feedback about Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric|check the full announcement]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Qgil-WMF|Qgil-WMF]] ([[m:User talk:Qgil-WMF|talk]]) 17:17, 7 October 2020 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Board&oldid=20519859 --> == Important: maintenance operation on October 27 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, October 27. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 14:00 UTC] (14:00 WET, 15:00 CET, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 03:00 NZDT on Wednesday October 28). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the week of October 26, 2020. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2020_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div></div> -- <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])</span> 17:11, 21 October 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20519839 --> == Wiki of functions naming contest - Round 2 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose the name for the new Wikimedia wiki project - the library of functions. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikicode, Wikicodex, Wikifunctions, Wikifusion, Wikilambda, Wikimedia Functions</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest/Names|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] </div> 22:10, 5 November 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20564572 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Invitation|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]] The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]''' is now open! This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''{{#time:j xg|2020-11-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better. The communities will vote on the proposals between {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} and {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals! </div> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">[[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</span> 18:09, 20 November 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/1&oldid=20689939 --> == Global bot policy proposal: invitation to a Meta discussion == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:hello}}! I apologize for sending a message in English. {{int:please-translate}}. According to [[:m:Bot_policy/Implementation#Where_it_is_policy|the list]], your wiki project currently is opted in to the [[:m:Bot_policy#Global_bots|global bot policy]]. Under this policy, bots that fix double redirects or maintain interwiki links are allowed to operate under a global bot flag that is assigned directly by the stewards. As the Wikimedia projects developed, the need for the current global bot policy decreased, and in the past years, no bots were appointed via that policy. That is mainly given Wikidata were estabilished in 2013, and it is no longer necessary to have dozens of bots that maintain interwiki links. A [[:m:Requests for comment/Refine global bot policy|proposal]] was made at Meta-Wiki, which proposes that the stewards will be authorized to determine whether an uncontroversial task may be assigned a global bot flag. The stewards already assign permissions that are more impactful on many wikis, namely, [[:m:GS|global sysops]] and [[:m:GR|global renamers]], and I do not think that trust should be an issue. The stewards will assign the permission only to time-proven bots that are already approved at a number of projects, like [[:m:User:ListeriaBot|ListeriaBot]]. By this message, I would like to invite you to comment [[:m:Requests for comment/Refine global bot policy|in the global RFC]], to voice your opinion about this matter. Thank you for your time. Best regards,<br /> [[User:Martin Urbanec|Martin Urbanec]] ([[:m:User talk:Martin Urbanec|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 11:49, 24 November 2020 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Urbanec@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Martin_Urbanec/sand&oldid=20709229 --> == Wikidata descriptions changes to be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''Sorry for sending this message in English. Translations are available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Announcements/Announcement Wikidata descriptions in watchlist|this page]]. Feel free to translate it in more languages!'' As you may know, you can include changes coming from Wikidata in your Watchlist and Recent Changes ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist|in your preferences]]). Until now, this feature didn’t always include changes made on Wikidata descriptions due to the way Wikidata tracks the data used in a given article. Starting on December 3rd, the Watchlist and Recent Changes will include changes on the descriptions of Wikidata Items that are used in the pages that you watch. This will only include descriptions in the language of your wiki to make sure that you’re only seeing changes that are relevant to your wiki. This improvement was requested by many users from different projects. We hope that it can help you monitor the changes on Wikidata descriptions that affect your wiki and participate in the effort of improving the data quality on Wikidata for all Wikimedia wikis and beyond. Note: if you didn’t use the Wikidata watchlist integration feature for a long time, feel free to give it another chance! The feature has been improved since the beginning and the content it displays is more precise and useful than at the beginning of the feature in 2015. If you encounter any issue or want to provide feedback, feel free to use [[Phab:T191831|this Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks! [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 14:39, 30 November 2020 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/wikis&oldid=20728482 --> == 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony on December 11th == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello all, The ceremony of the 2020 [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] will take place virtually on Friday, December 11th, at 17:00 GMT. This award is highlighting tools that have been nominated by contributors to the Wikimedia projects, and the ceremony will be a nice moment to show appreciation to the tools developers and maybe discover new tools! You will find more information [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|here]] about the livestream and the discussions channels. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 10:55, 7 December 2020 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20734978 --> == Community Wishlist Survey 2021 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]] '''We invite all registered users to vote on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]. You can vote from now until {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|en}} for as many different wishes as you want.''' In the Survey, wishes for new and improved tools for experienced editors are collected. After the voting, we will do our best to grant your wishes. We will start with the most popular ones. We, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]], are one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] teams. We create and improve editing and wiki moderation tools. What we work on is decided based on results of the Community Wishlist Survey. Once a year, you can submit wishes. After two weeks, you can vote on the ones that you're most interested in. Next, we choose wishes from the survey to work on. Some of the wishes may be granted by volunteer developers or other teams. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Tracking|You can view and vote all proposals here.]]''' We are waiting for your votes. Thank you! </div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 00:52, 15 December 2020 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/1&oldid=20689939 --> ==Join the conversation on the Universal Code of Conduct!== Greetings / Ye kyea mo nyinaa! After about 3 years of rigorous discussions aimed at shaping the Wikimedia 2030 strategy, the Wikimedia community has come up with ten (10) solid [[:m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2018-20/Recommendations|recommendations]] that would guide our actions from now on in this movement. One very important recommendation in the line-up is to [[:m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2018-20/Recommendations/Provide for Safety and Inclusion|“Provide for Safety and Inclusion”]] and a major action point in this recommendation is to create a universal code of conduct, which would be designed and implemented in conjunction with our communities across the globe. The universal code of conduct would be a movement-wide policy which seeks to ensure the existence of a universal baseline of acceptable behaviour for everyone participating in our movement, in order to minimize incidents of harassment, bullying, discrimination or even disenfranchisement. This is even more important for much smaller Wikipedia languages like the Twi Wikipedia, where policies like this do not already exist. A [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|first draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]] was concluded in October 2020. As a global movement, we aim to further develop and enforce this very important blueprint through an inclusive process, with respect to local contexts and existing structures. Hence, we would like to invite the Twi Wikipedia community to discuss the different ways that you think that the Universal Code of Conduct should be implemented on this Wikipedia and across the global movement. You can share your initial thoughts directly under this message, or on the [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|UCoC meta talk page]]. You can also reach out to me personally on my talkpage or privately through my e-mail (soyeyele-ctr@wikimedia.org). For further general information on the universal code of conduct, please also check out our [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions page]].--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 12:05, 18 January 2021 (UTC) == Moving Wikimania 2021 to a Virtual Event == <div class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text_2.svg|right|alt=Wikimania's logo.|75px]] ''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}'' [[:m:Wikimania 2021|Wikimania will be a virtual event this year]], and hosted by a wide group of community members. Whenever the next in-person large gathering is possible again, [[:m:ESEAP Hub|the ESEAP Core Organizing Team]] will be in charge of it. Stay tuned for more information about how ''you'' can get involved in the planning process and other aspects of the event. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2021-January/096141.html Please read the longer version of this announcement on wikimedia-l]. ''ESEAP Core Organizing Team, Wikimania Steering Committee, Wikimedia Foundation Events Team'', 15:16, 27 January 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikimania21&oldid=21014617 --> == Project Grant Open Call == This is the announcement for the [[m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] open call that started on January 11, with the submission deadline of February 10, 2021.<br> This first open call will be focussed on Community Organizing proposals. A second open call focused on research and software proposals is scheduled from February 15 with a submission deadline of March 16, 2021.<br> For the Round 1 open call, we invite you to propose grant applications that fall under community development and organizing (offline and online) categories. Project Grant funds are available to support individuals, groups, and organizations to implement new experiments and proven ideas, from organizing a better process on your wiki, coordinating a campaign or editathon series to providing other support for community building. We offer the following resources to help you plan your project and complete a grant proposal:<br> * Weekly proposals clinics via Zoom during the Open Call. Join us for [[m:Grants:Project|#Upcoming_Proposal_Clinics|real-time discussions]] with Program Officers and select thematic experts and get live feedback about your Project Grants proposal. We’ll answer questions and help you make your proposal better. We also offer these support pages to help you build your proposal: * [[m:Grants:Project/Tutorial|Video tutorials]] for writing a strong application<br> * General [[m:Grants:Project/Plan|planning page]] for Project Grants <br> * [[m:Grants:Project/Learn|Program guidelines and criteria]]<br> Program officers are also available to offer individualized proposal support upon request. Contact us if you would like feedback or more information.<br> We are excited to see your grant ideas that will support our community and make an impact on the future of Wikimedia projects. Put your idea into motion, and [[m:Grants:Project/Apply|submit your proposal]] by February 10, 2021!<br> Please feel free to get in touch with questions about getting started with your grant application, or about serving on the Project Grants Committee. Contact us at projectgrants{{at}}wikimedia.org. Please help us translate this message to your local language. [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:01, 28 January 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RSharma (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=20808431 --> == New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now (February 2021) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up to access research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/103/ Taxmann]''' – Taxation and law database * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/104/ PNAS]''' – Official journal of the National Academy of Sciences * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO]''' – New Arabic and Spanish language databases added We have a wide array of [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ other collections available], and a significant number now no longer require individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ blog post]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects! :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> --12:57, 1 February 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=21022367 --> == Wiki Loves Folklore 2021 is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2021|Wiki Loves Folklore 2021]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the 1st till the 28th of February. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2021 submitting] them in this commons contest. Please support us in translating the [[:c:Commons: Wiki Loves Folklore 2021|project page]] and a [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Translate?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-wikiloveslove2020&language=en&filter=%21translated&action=translate|one-line banner message] to help us spread the word in your native language. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:25, 6 February 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wll&oldid=21073884 --> == Feminism & Folklore 1 February - 31 March == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|Feminism and Folklore]] writing contest'''. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, etc. You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles centered on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch-hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2021/List of Articles|suggested articles here]]. You can also support us in translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. Learn more about the contest and prizes from our [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]]. Thank you. Feminism and Folklore team, [[m:User:Joy Agyepong|Joy Agyepong]] ([[m:User talk:Joy Agyepong|talk]]) 02:40, 16 February 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=20421065 --> == Proposal: Set two-letter project shortcuts as alias to project namespace globally == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} Hello everyone, I apologize for posting in English. I would like to inform everyone that I created a new global request for comment (GRFC) at Meta Wiki, which may affect your project: [[:m:Requests for comment/Set short project namespace aliases by default globally]]. In this GRFC, I propose that two-project shortcuts for project names will become a default alias for the project namespace. For instance, on all Wikipedias, WP will be an alias to the Wikipedia: namespace (and similar for other projects). Full list is available in the GRFC. This is already the case for Wikivoyages, and many individual projects asked for this alias to be implemented. I believe this makes it easier to access the materials in the project namespace, as well as creating shortcuts like <tt>WP:NPOV</tt>, as well as helps new projects to use this feature, without having to figure out how to request site configuration changes first. As far as I can see, {{SITENAME}} currently does not have such an alias set. This means that such an alias will be set for you, if the GRFC is accepted by the global community. I would like to ask all community members to participate in the request for comment at Meta-Wiki, see [[:m:Requests for comment/Set short project namespace aliases by default globally]]. Please feel free to [[:m:User talk:Martin Urbanec|ask me]] if you have any questions about this proposal. Best regards,<br /> --[[:m:User:Martin Urbanec|Martin Urbanec]] ([[:m:User talk:Martin Urbanec|talk]]) 14:13, 18 February 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Urbanec@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Martin_Urbanec/MassMessage&oldid=21125035 --> == Wikifunctions logo contest == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:Hello}}. Please help to choose a design concept for the logo of the new Wikifunctions wiki. Voting starts today and will be open for 2 weeks. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions logo concept/Vote|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-Wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]</div> 01:47, 2 March 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21087740 --> == Universal Code of Conduct – 2021 consultations == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> === Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 === {{int:please-translate}} The [[:wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)''']] provides a universal baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement and all its projects. The project is currently in Phase 2, outlining clear enforcement pathways. You can read more about the whole project on its [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''project page''']]. ==== Drafting Committee: Call for applications ==== The Wikimedia Foundation is recruiting volunteers to join a committee to draft how to make the code enforceable. Volunteers on the committee will commit between 2 and 6 hours per week from late April through July and again in October and November. It is important that the committee be diverse and inclusive, and have a range of experiences, including both experienced users and newcomers, and those who have received or responded to, as well as those who have been falsely accused of harassment. To apply and learn more about the process, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee]]. ==== 2021 community consultations: Notice and call for volunteers / translators ==== From 5 April – 5 May 2021 there will be conversations on many Wikimedia projects about how to enforce the UCoC. We are looking for volunteers to translate key material, as well as to help host consultations on their own languages or projects using suggested [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion|key questions]]. If you are interested in volunteering for either of these roles, please [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|contact us]] in whatever language you are most comfortable. To learn more about this work and other conversations taking place, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations]]. -- [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Xeno (WMF)|talk]]) 22:09, 5 Oforisuo 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)/Without_Russian,_Polish_and_translated/6&oldid=21302337 --> == Global bot policy changes == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{int:hello}}! I apologize for sending a message in English. {{int:please-translate}}. According to [[:m:Bot_policy/Implementation#Where_it_is_policy|the list]], your wiki project is currently opted in to the [[:m:Bot_policy#Global_bots|global bot policy]]. As such, I want to let you know about some changes that were made after the [[:m:Requests for comment/Refine global bot policy|global RfC]] was closed. *Global bots are now subject to a 2 week discussion, and it'll be publicized via a MassMessage list, available at [[:m:Bot policy/New global bot discussion|Bot policy/New global bot discussion]] on Meta. Please subscribe yourself or your wiki if you are interested in new global bots proposals. *For a bot to be considered for approval, it must demonstrate it is welcomed in multiple projects, and a good way to do that is to have the bot flag on at least 5 wikis for a single task. *The bot operator should make sure to adhere to the wiki's preference as related to the use of the bot flag (i.e., if a wiki doesn't want a bot to use the flag as it edits, that should be followed). Thank you for your time. Best regards,<br /> —'''''<span style="font-family:Candara">[[User:Tks4Fish|<span style="color:black">Thanks for the fish!</span>]] <sup>[[User Talk:Tks4Fish|<span style="color:blue">talk</span>]]•[[Special:Contribs/Tks4Fish|contribs]]</sup></span>''''' 18:48, 6 Oforisuo 2021 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tks4Fish@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tks4Fish/temp&oldid=21306363 --> == Line numbering coming soon to all wikis == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Technical_Wishes_–_Line_numbering_-_2010_wikitext_editor.png|thumb|Example]] From April 15, you can enable line numbering in some wikitext editors - for now in the template namespace, coming to more namespaces soon. This will make it easier to detect line breaks and to refer to a particular line in discussions. These numbers will be shown if you enable the syntax highlighting feature ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), which is supported in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017]] wikitext editors. More information can be found on [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|this project page]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|on this talk page]]. </div> -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 15:09, 12 Oforisuo 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=21329014 --> ==Universal Code of Conduct: Thank You!== Greetings! A big thank you to every person who participated in the enforcement discussions for the Universal Code of Conduct policy. Please note that the summary of our discussions across various platforms is now available on meta, [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Enforcement/Hausa, Igbo and Twi communities|here]]. Please feel free to translate to your local language for a wider reach. Thank you again!--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 22:23, 14 Oforisuo 2021 (UTC) == Suggested Values == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> From April 29, it will be possible to suggest values for parameters in templates. Suggested values can be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] and will then be shown as a drop-down list in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|VisualEditor]]. This allows template users to quickly select an appropriate value. This way, it prevents potential errors and reduces the effort needed to fill the template with values. It will still be possible to fill in values other than the suggested ones. More information, including the supported parameter types and how to create suggested values: [[mw:Help:TemplateData#suggestedvalues|[1]]] [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters|[2]]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|on this talk page]]. </div> [[m:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] 14:08, 22 Oforisuo 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=21361904 --> == A bundle of changes related to adding templates to a page and removing them == // Apologies for writing in English. Please help translate this message if you can. The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is working on a number of projects to [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Templates|make working with templates easier]]. This focus area was selected by members of the German-speaking wiki communities in 2019. Your wiki is part of a group of a few wikis to get these improvements early. A set of changes from this focus area will come to your wiki soon: # When you add a template to a page using the VisualEditor, 2017 wikitext editor, or 2010 WikiEditor, an improved search will help you find relevant templates even if you’re not sure of their exact name. This means, for example, that the search will look for matches for your keyword within the entire template name, not just its beginning. [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates|(more info)]] # In VisualEditor, after searching for a template, you had to close and reopen the whole template dialog if you had selected the wrong template. Now, a back button will be added to the dialog that appears when inserting a new template, making it easier to explore different templates. [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates|(more info)]] # For the same dialog, a warning will appear if you have entered data and close the form without saving. In the past, all changes were just lost. [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates|(more info)]] # In VisualEditor, it will become clearer how to remove a template from a page. So far, users needed to know that they can select a template and press the backspace/delete key. With this change, they can click on “delete” in the context menu next to the “edit” option, the same way as with tables or images. [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor|(more info)]] We plan to deploy all of these changes on several wikis, including this one, <s>on 23d of June</s> <span style="background:#00af89; color:#fff"> on 12th of July</span> (MediaWiki deployments do not happen in weekly intervals as usual because of summer activities). All other wikis will follow over the course of this year. In order for these changes to work well, it is recommended that you [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&language=en&filter=%21translated&action=translate translate the texts that were added to the respective features] into your language. The translation can take up to two weeks. Please note that one text is going to be added to the list in the next few days. We would love to know what you think of the improvements! Please let us know on these talk pages: [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates|finding and inserting templates]] & [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor|removing a template]]. -- Thanks a lot! For the Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Germany, [[metawiki:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ([[metawiki:User talk:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|talk]]) 14:36, 8 June 2021 (UTC) : <span style="background:#00af89; color:#fff"> '''Update'''</span>: The changes have just been deployed to your wiki. Our team would love to hear your thoughts on these talk pages: [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates|finding and inserting templates]] & [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor|removing a template]]. : Regarding the template search, I'd like to highlight a feature that already existed before, but might be more visible now with the more powerful search: Template descriptions are shown in the search results, if you add descriptions to your template in TemplateData ([https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Oscars_short_description/doc&action=edit example]). (By the way, we are also planning to [[meta:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Template_data_editor_improvements|make managing TemplateData easier]] within the next few months.) -- Best, [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 12:33, 12 July 2021 (UTC) === Feedback on template search behavior needed === Hello! The [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes Technical Wishes team] kindly asks for your feedback on a specific part of an improvement we’re working on. Please take a minute to let us know what you think: We are currently implementing several improvements regarding templates. As part of this, the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates#Improved_search search in the “add a template” dialog has been changed] to make finding relevant templates easier. Before, you had to know the exact title of the template you wanted to add – now you can search for keywords within the whole template name and template documentation pages. This change is already deployed [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates#Status_and_next_steps on a few wikis], and our plan is to deploy it on all other wikis by the end of 2021. '''The question''': The improved template search currently also returns subpages of templates (that include the keyword) in the results, but we have received individual feedback that this is not wanted. Before we change this behavior, we want to ask a broader audience: '''Can and should subpages of templates be ignored in this search?''' Or are there cases in which a subpage of a template may host a template, and is therefore a relevant result? In cases where a template’s subpages are relevant to the search, examples are very much appreciated. More info about the feature can be found on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates#Improved_search this page]. You can leave comments and share your thoughts until September 8th here below or on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Finding_and_inserting_templates this talk page]. Thanks for your help! For the Technical Wishes team, -- [[metawiki:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ([[metawiki:User talk:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|talk]]) 11:45, 26 August 2021 (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 1 == <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 1, June 2021'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1|Read the full newsletter]]</span> ---- Welcome to the first issue of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct News]]! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code, and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC. Please note, this is the first issue of UCoC Newsletter which is delivered to all subscribers and projects as an announcement of the initiative. If you want the future issues delivered to your talk page, village pumps, or any specific pages you find appropriate, you need to [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|subscribe here]]. You can help us by translating the newsletter issues in your languages to spread the news and create awareness of the new conduct to keep our beloved community safe for all of us. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|add your name here]] if you want to be informed of the draft issue to translate beforehand. Your participation is valued and appreciated. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> * '''Affiliate consultations''' – Wikimedia affiliates of all sizes and types were invited to participate in the UCoC affiliate consultation throughout March and April 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec1|continue reading]]) * '''2021 key consultations''' – The Wikimedia Foundation held enforcement key questions consultations in April and May 2021 to request input about UCoC enforcement from the broader Wikimedia community. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec2|continue reading]]) * '''Roundtable discussions''' – The UCoC facilitation team hosted two 90-minute-long public roundtable discussions in May 2021 to discuss UCoC key enforcement questions. More conversations are scheduled. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec3|continue reading]]) * '''Phase 2 drafting committee''' – The drafting committee for the phase 2 of the UCoC started their work on 12 May 2021. Read more about their work. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec4|continue reading]]) * '''Diff blogs''' – The UCoC facilitators wrote several blog posts based on interesting findings and insights from each community during local project consultation that took place in the 1st quarter of 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec5|continue reading]])</div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 23:06, 11 June 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SOyeyele (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SOyeyele_(WMF)/Announcements/Other_languages&oldid=21578291 --> == Wikimania 2021: Individual Program Submissions == [[File:Wikimania logo with text 2.svg|right|200px]] Dear all, Wikimania 2021 will be [[:wikimania:2021:Save the date and the Core Organizing Team|hosted virtually]] for the first time in the event's 15-year history. Since there is no in-person host, the event is being organized by a diverse group of Wikimedia volunteers that form the [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers|Core Organizing Team]] (COT) for Wikimania 2021. '''Event Program''' - Individuals or a group of individuals can submit their session proposals to be a part of the program. There will be translation support for sessions provided in a number of languages. See more information [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines#Language Accessibility|here]]. Below are some links to guide you through; * [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions|Program Submissions]] * [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines|Session Submission Guidelines]] * [[:wikimania:2021:FAQ|FAQ]] Please note that the deadline for submission is 18th June 2021. '''Announcements'''- To keep up to date with the developments around Wikimania, the COT sends out weekly updates. You can view them in the Announcement section [[:wikimania:2021:Announcements|here]]. '''Office Hour''' - If you are left with questions, the COT will be hosting some office hours (in multiple languages), in multiple time-zones, to answer any programming questions that you might have. Details can be found [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers#Office hours schedule|here.]] Best regards, [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:18, 16 June 2021 (UTC) On behalf of Wikimania 2021 Core Organizing Team <!-- Message sent by User:Bodhisattwa@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=21597568 --> == Editing news 2021 #2 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2021/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</em> [[File:Reply Tool A-B test comment completion.png|alt=Junior contributors comment completion rate across all participating Wikipedias|thumb|296x296px|When newcomers had the Reply tool and tried to post on a talk page, they were more successful at posting a comment. ([https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ Source])]] Earlier this year, the Editing team ran a large study of [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|the Reply Tool]]. The main goal was to find out whether the Reply Tool helped [[mw:Talk pages project/Glossary|newer editors]] communicate on wiki. The second goal was to see whether the comments that newer editors made using the tool needed to be reverted more frequently than comments newer editors made with the existing wikitext page editor. The key results were: * Newer editors who had automatic ("default on") access to the Reply tool were [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ more likely] to post a comment on a talk page. * The comments that newer editors made with the Reply Tool were also [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ less likely] to be reverted than the comments that newer editors made with page editing. These results give the Editing team confidence that the tool is helpful. <strong>Looking ahead</strong> The team is planning to make the Reply tool available to everyone as an opt-out preference in the coming months. This has already happened at the Arabic, Czech, and Hungarian Wikipedias. The next step is to [[phab:T280599|resolve a technical challenge]]. Then, they will deploy the Reply tool first to the [[phab:T267379|Wikipedias that participated in the study]]. After that, they will deploy it, in stages, to the other Wikipedias and all WMF-hosted wikis. You can turn on "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|in Beta Features]] now. After you get the Reply tool, you can change your preferences at any time in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]]. –[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) </div> 14:14, 24 June 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=21624491 --> == Server switch == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. <!-- They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. --> Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 29 June 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1624975200 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday 30 June). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. *There will be code freezes for the week of June 28. Non-essential code deployments will not happen. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2021_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div></div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 01:19, 27 June 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21463754 --> == Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 2 == <section begin="ucoc-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 2, July 2021'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the second issue of [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] News! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC. If you haven’t already, please remember to subscribe [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to be notified about future editions of the newsletter, and also leave your username [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|here]] if you’d like to be contacted to help with translations in the future. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review''' - Initial meetings of the drafting committee have helped to connect and align key topics on enforcement, while highlighting prior research around existing processes and gaps within our movement. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review|continue reading]]) *'''Targets of Harassment Research''' - To support the drafting committee, the Wikimedia Foundation has conducted a research project focused on experiences of harassment on Wikimedia projects. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Targets of Harassment Research|continue reading]]) *'''Functionaries’ Consultation''' - Since June, Functionaries from across the various wikis have been meeting to discuss what the future will look like in a global context with the UCoC. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Functionaries’ Consultation|continue reading]]) *'''Roundtable Discussions''' - The UCoC facilitation team once again, hosted another roundtable discussion, this time for Korean-speaking community members and participants of other ESEAP projects to discuss the enforcement of the UCoC. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Roundtable Discussions|continue reading]]) *'''Early Adoption of UCoC by Communities''' - Since its ratification by the Board in February 2021, situations whereby UCoC is being adopted and applied within the Wikimedia community have grown. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Early Adoption of UCoC by Communities|continue reading]]) *'''New Timeline for the Interim Trust & Safety Case Review Committee''' - The CRC was originally expected to conclude by July 1. However, with the UCoC now expected to be in development until December, the timeline for the CRC has also changed. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#New Timeline for the Interim Trust & Safety Case Review Committee|continue reading]]) *'''Wikimania''' - The UCoC team is planning to hold a moderated discussion featuring representatives across the movement during Wikimania 2021. It also plans to have a presence at the conference’s Community Village. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Wikimania Session|continue reading]]) *'''Diff blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about the UCoC on Wikimedia Diff blog. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/2#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])</div> --[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 13:20, 15 July 2021 (UTC) == New Wikipedia Library collections and design update (August 2021) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says log in today!]] [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/users/my_library/ The Wikipedia Library] is pleased to announce the addition of new collections, alongside a new interface design. New collections include: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/107/ Cabells]''' – Scholarly and predatory journal database * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/108/ Taaghche]''' - Persian language e-books * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/112/ Merkur]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/111/ Musik & Ästhetik]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/110/ Psychologie, Psychotherapie, Psychoanalyse]''' - German language magazines and journals published by Klett-Cotta * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/117/ Art Archiv]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/113/ Capital]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/115/ Geo]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/116/ Geo Epoche]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/114/ Stern]''' - German language newspapers and magazines published by Gruner + Jahr Additionally, '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/105/ De Gruyter]''' and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/106/ Nomos]''' have been centralised from their previous on-wiki signup location on the German Wikipedia. Many other collections are freely available by simply logging in to [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ The Wikipedia Library] with your Wikimedia login! We are also excited to announce that the first version of a new design for My Library was deployed this week. We will be iterating on this design with more features over the coming weeks. Read more on the [[:m:Library Card platform/Design improvements|project page on Meta]]. Lastly, an Echo notification will begin rolling out soon to notify eligible editors about the library ([[Phab:T132084|T132084]]). If you can translate the notification please do so [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-thewikipedialibrary at TranslateWiki]! --The Wikipedia Library Team 13:23, 11 August 2021 (UTC) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=21851699 --> == Universal Code of Conduct - Enforcement draft guidelines review == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content"/>The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Phase_2|Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 drafting committee]] would like comments about the '''[[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines]]''' for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC). This review period is planned for 17 August 2021 through 17 October 2021. These guidelines are not final but you can help move the progress forward. The committee will revise the guidelines based upon community input. Comments can be shared in any language on the [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|draft review talk page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Discussions|multiple other venues]]. Community members are encouraged to organize conversations in their communities. There are planned live discussions about the UCoC enforcement draft guidelines: :[[wmania:2021:Submissions/Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Roundtable|Wikimania 2021 session]] (recorded 16 August) :[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions#Conversation hours|Conversation hours]] - 24 August, 31 August, 7 September @ 03:00 UTC & 14:00 UTC :[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions|Roundtable calls]] - 18 September @ 03:00 UTC & 15:00 UTC Summaries of discussions will be posted every two weeks [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee/Digests|here]]. Please let me know if you have any questions.<section end="content"/> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 23:20, 17 August 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=21895766 --> ==2021 Board election voting opens!== Voting for the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Voting|2021 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates from the community were asked to submit their candidacy. After a three week long Call for Candidates, there are [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates#Candidate%20Table|19 candidates for the 2021 election]]. The Wikimedia movement has the opportunity to vote for the selection of community-and-affiliate trustees. By voting, you will help to identify those people who have the qualities to best serve the needs of the movement for the next several years. The Board is expected to select the four most voted candidates to serve as trustees. Voting closes 31 August 2021. The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. The Board wants to improve their competences and diversity as a team. They have shared the [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates#Skills|areas of expertise]] that they are currently missing and hope to cover with new trustees. [[:m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates#Candidate%20Table|Learn more about candidates]]. [[c:File:Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_of_Trustees.webm|Learn about the Board of Trustees]]. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Voting|Vote]]. Read the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/2021-08-18/2021 Voting Opens|full announcement]]. Best, The Elections Committee --[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 23:28, 18 August 2021 (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 3 == <section begin="ucoc-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 3, August 2021'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the third issue of Universal Code of Conduct News! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC. If you haven’t already, please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to be notified about future editions of the newsletter, and also leave your username [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|here]] if you’d like to be contacted to help with translations in the future. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''The Enforcement Draft Guidelines''' - The Enforcement Draft Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct has just been published on meta in different languages. These guidelines include some definitions of newly introduced terms and recommendations for local enforcement structures. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#The Enforcement Draft Guidelines|continue reading]]) *'''Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review''' - Before the enforcement guidelines are finalized, they must be reviewed and discussed by the community. The facilitation team has set up various discussion means throughout this review period. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review|continue reading]]) *'''Conversation Hours & Roundtables''' - To listen to community opinions and exchange ideas regarding enforcement draft guidelines proposed by the drafting committee, the UCoC facilitation team will be hosting weekly conversation hours. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#Conversation Hours & Roundtables|continue reading]]) *'''Wikimania Wrap-up''' - The facilitation team hosted a Roundtable at Wikimania 2021, featuring some WMF trustees and staff. The session offered some insights on how the Enforcement Draft Guidelines came about, and what next steps are being imagined. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#Wikimania Wrap-up|continue reading]]) *'''Translation''' - Because a considerable number of Wikimedians are not English speakers, and that UCoC applies to all members, projects across the wikimedia movement, it’s of a great importance to provide adequate language support throughout this process. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#Translation|continue reading]]) *'''Diff blogs''' - Check out some interesting publications about the UCoC on Wikimedia Diff blog. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#Diff Blogs|continue reading]]) *'''WMF's 2021 Board of Trustees election''' - Please read the Candidate Presentations and vote! ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/3#Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees 2021 election|continue reading]])</div>--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 16:55, 27 August 2021 (UTC) == Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election has come to an end == Thank you for participating in the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021|2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]! Voting closed August 31 at 23:59. The official data, including the four most voted candidates, will be announced as soon as the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] completes their review of the ballots. The official announcement of the new trustees appointed will happen later, once the selected candidates have been confirmed by the Board. 6,946 community members from 216 wiki projects have voted. This makes 10.2% global participation, 1.1% higher than in the last Board elections. In 2017, 5167 people from 202 wiki projects cast their vote. A full analysis is planned to be published in a few days when the confirmed results are announced. In the meantime, you can check the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Stats|data produced during the election]]. Diversity was an important goal with these elections. Messages about the Board election were translated into 61 languages. This outreach worked well. There were 70 communities with eligible voters voting in this election for the first time. With your help, next year’s Board of Trustees election will be even better. 10:03, 2 September 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=21895840 --> == The 2022 Community Wishlist Survey will happen in January == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello everyone, We hope all of you are as well and safe as possible during these trying times! We wanted to share some news about a change to the Community Wishlist Survey 2022. We would like to hear your opinions as well. Summary: <div style="font-style:italic;"> We will be running the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]] 2022 in January 2022. We need more time to work on the 2021 wishes. We also need time to prepare some changes to the Wishlist 2022. In the meantime, you can use a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|dedicated sandbox to leave early ideas for the 2022 wishes]]. </div> === Proposing and wish-fulfillment will happen during the same year === In the past, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team has run the Community Wishlist Survey for the following year in November of the prior year. For example, we ran the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Wishlist for 2021]] in November 2020. That worked well a few years ago. At that time, we used to start working on the Wishlist soon after the results of the voting were published. However, in 2021, there was a delay between the voting and the time when we could start working on the new wishes. Until July 2021, we were working on wishes from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Wishlist for 2020]]. We hope having the Wishlist 2022 in January 2022 will be more intuitive. This will also give us time to fulfill more wishes from the 2021 Wishlist. === Encouraging wider participation from historically excluded communities === We are thinking how to make the Wishlist easier to participate in. We want to support more translations, and encourage under-resourced communities to be more active. We would like to have some time to make these changes. === A new space to talk to us about priorities and wishes not granted yet === We will have gone 365 days without a Wishlist. We encourage you to approach us. We hope to hear from you in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]], but we also hope to see you at our bi-monthly Talk to Us meetings! These will be hosted at two different times friendly to time zones around the globe. We will begin our first meeting '''September 15th at 23:00 UTC'''. More details about the agenda and format coming soon! === Brainstorm and draft proposals before the proposal phase === If you have early ideas for wishes, you can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|new Community Wishlist Survey sandbox]]. This way, you will not forget about these before January 2022. You will be able to come back and refine your ideas. Remember, edits in the sandbox don't count as wishes! === Feedback === * What should we do to improve the Wishlist pages? * How would you like to use our new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|sandbox?]] * What, if any, risks do you foresee in our decision to change the date of the Wishlist 2022? * What will help more people participate in the Wishlist 2022? Answer on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]] (in any language you prefer) or at our Talk to Us meetings. </div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 00:23, 7 September 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21980442 --> == Results for the most contended Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election == <section begin="announcement-content"/> [[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|100px|center]] Thank you to everyone who participated in the 2021 Board election. The Elections Committee has reviewed the votes of the 2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, organized to select four new trustees. A record 6,873 people from across 214 projects cast their valid votes. The following four candidates received the most support: # Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight # Victoria Doronina # Dariusz Jemielniak # Lorenzo Losa While these candidates have been ranked through the community vote, they are not yet appointed to the Board of Trustees. They still need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. The Board has set a tentative date to appoint new trustees at the end of this month. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/2021-09-07/2021_Election_Results|the full announcement here]]. == Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee ending 14 September 2021 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content"/>Movement Strategy announces [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|the Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee]]. The Call opens August 2, 2021 and closes September 14, 2021. The Committee is expected to represent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Diversity_and_Expertise_Matrices|diversity in the Movement]]. Diversity includes gender, language, geography, and experience. This comprises participation in projects, affiliates, and the Wikimedia Foundation. English fluency is not required to become a member. If needed, translation and interpretation support is provided. Members will receive an allowance to offset participation costs. It is US$100 every two months. We are looking for people who have some of the following [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Role_Requirements|skills]]: * Know how to write collaboratively. (demonstrated experience is a plus) * Are ready to find compromises. * Focus on inclusion and diversity. * Have knowledge of community consultations. * Have intercultural communication experience. * Have governance or organization experience in non-profits or communities. * Have experience negotiating with different parties. The Committee is expected to start with 15 people. If there are 20 or more candidates, a mixed election and selection process will happen. If there are 19 or fewer candidates, then the process of selection without election takes place. Will you help move Wikimedia forward in this important role? Submit your candidacy [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Candidate_Statements|here]]. Please contact strategy2030[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with questions.<section end="announcement-content"/> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 17:02, 10 September 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22002240 --> == Server switch == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, 14 September 2021'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 14 September 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628049 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday, 15 September). *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div></div> [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 00:45, 11 September 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21980442 --> == Talk to the Community Tech == [[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|{{dir|{{pagelang}}|left|right}}|frameless|50px]] [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2021-09 Talk to Us|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/2021-09_Talk_to_Us&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] Hello! As we have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|recently announced]], we, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210915T2300 '''September 15th, 23:00 UTC'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 '''Click here to join''']. '''Agenda''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Status report 1#Prioritization Process|How we prioritize the wishes to be granted]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|Why we decided to change the date]] from November 2021 to January 2022 * Update on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes * Questions and answers '''Format''' The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (first three points in the agenda) will be given in English. We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, and Spanish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting. '''Invitation link''' * [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 Join online] * Meeting ID: 898 2861 5390 * One tap mobile ** +16465588656,,89828615390# US (New York) ** +16699006833,,89828615390# US (San Jose) * [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kctR45AI8o Dial by your location] See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 03:04, 11 September 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=21980442 --> == Coming soon: Template dialog improvements for VisualEditor and new wiktext mode == ''/ Apologies for writing in English. It would be great if you could help translate this message. / '' Hello! Here is more news from the focus area “[[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Make working with templates easier]]” by Wikimedia Germany’s [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]]: '''Your wiki will soon receive an overall improved interface for editing templates''' in VisualEditor and in the new wikitext mode ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]). This includes several improvements: * general redesign (more spacing, bigger window for better usability), * a better overview of parameters that are available for a template, * an easier way to add parameters via checkboxes and search filters, * better visibility of important information, * added links to documentation and help pages. More in-depth information can be found on [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|the project page on Meta]]. The planned deployment date for these changes is October 6. '''Please note''' * Some interface texts in the dialog have changed and might need to be [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&language=tw&filter=%21translated&action=translate translated into your language on translatewiki]. It can take around two weeks for translations to appear in the interface. * The [[mw:wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|official VisualEditor help page on mediawiki.org]] will only be changed later this year, when all wikis have received the feature. If you have a local help page about the feature, you can update it based on [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements/Release notes|information on this page]], which we will fill with content in late September. We would be very happy to hear what you think of these changes. Please let us know [[meta:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|on this talk page]]. -- [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 14:09, 22 September 2021 (UTC) : Hello again! Unfortunately, '''this deployment will be postponed a bit''': :* Our team is currently still working on a few optimizations for mobile and for screen readers, so we’re planning to deploy the feature to your wiki in late October/beginning of November. :* That also means that the [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements/Release notes|texts on this subpage]] are not finished yet. We’ll give you an update here on your village pump once the texts are done. Then you can update your help page accordingly. :* '''If you haven’t already [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&language=tw&filter=%21translated&action=translate translated the VE template dialog texts], now is a good time to do this.''' :* For those who are curious what to expect, here are two videos: One shows the current interface on English Wikipedia, the other one shows the improved interface which you’ll get soon (currently on betawiki): <gallery mode="packed" widths="300px" heights="300px"> VE Template Dialog before changes by WMDE's Technical Wishes team.webm|Current view on English Wikipedia New VE Template Dialog, improved by WMDE's Technical Wishes team.webm|Coming soon: Improved version </gallery> Sorry for the inconvenience! – Johanna for the Technical Wishes team, [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:48, 6 October 2021 (UTC) :: Finally, the documentation of the improvements on the Visual Editor template dialog is complete and can be found [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements/Release_notes here]. We apologize for the delay. We also would like to kindly remind you to [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&language=tw&filter=%21translated&action=translate translate the VE template dialog texts] if you haven’t already. The deployment of these changes is planned for November 16th. – for the Technical Wishes team, [[User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|talk]]) 15:20, 4 November 2021 (UTC) '''Final deployment date: improvements for VisualEditor and new wiktext mode'''<br> The extensive [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements template dialog improvements] for VisualEditor and new wiktext will finally be available from November 24th on your wiki. Deployments on more wikis are planned in the next months. If you have any feedback, please let us know on the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements project’s talk page]. -- Timur for Wikimedia Germany’s Technical Wishes team, [[User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|talk]]) 13:33, 23 Obubuo 2021 (UTC)<br> P.S.: We are still working out the final details with the new keyboard navigation which should be working smoothly soon. == Movement Charter Drafting Committee - Community Elections to take place October 11 - 24 == <section begin="announcement-content"/>This is a short message with an update from the Movement Charter process. The call for candidates for the Drafting Committee closed September 14, and we got a diverse range of candidates. The committee will consist of 15 members, and those will be (s)elected via three different ways. The 15 member committee will be selected with a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Set Up Process|3-step process]]: * Election process for project communities to elect 7 members of the committee. * Selection process for affiliates to select 6 members of the committee. * Wikimedia Foundation process to appoint 2 members of the committee. The community elections will take place between October 11 and October 24. The other process will take place in parallel, so that all processes will be concluded by November 1. For the full context of the Movement Charter, its role, as well the process for its creation, please [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|have a look at Meta]]. You can also contact us at any time on Telegram or via email (wikimedia2030@wikimedia.org).<section end="announcement-content"/>--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 19:52, 23 September 2021 (UTC) == Select You the question statements for candidates of Drafting Committee Movement Charter == Into 2021-10-04 11:59:59 UTC you can select [[:m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Election Compass Statements|question statements]] for the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates|candidates]] of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|Drafting Committee]] [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter|Movement Charter]]. ✍️ [[User:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[User talk:Dušan Kreheľ|talk]]) 01:38, 30 September 2021 (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct Draft Enforcement Guidelines review still needs your ideas and opinions == Hello, this is just a reminder that the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|Universal Code of Conduct Draft Enforcement Guidelines]] are open for review and comment. The Drafting Committee will start working on revisions and improvement in '''less than two weeks (October 17)''', so it is important that you give them your ideas and opinions soon! There is now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review/Abstract|a short, simple version of the Draft Guidelines]] here to make your review easier. If possible, also help translate the short version into more languages! We will also hold [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions|one last conversation hour]] on October 15, 2021 03:00 and 14:00 UTC. On behalf of the [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Phase_2|Drafting Committee]], much thanks to everyone who has given ideas so far. We hope to hear from more of you - the Guidelines will be much stronger if more opinions are included.--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 16:15, 6 October 2021 (UTC) ==Movement Charter Drafting Committee (MCDC) Election Starts== Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open. In total, 70 Wikimedians from around the world are running for 7 seats in these elections. '''Voting is open from October 12 to October 24, 2021.''' The committee will consist of 15 members in total: The online communities vote for 7 members, 6 members will be selected by the Wikimedia affiliates through a parallel process, and 2 members will be appointed by the Wikimedia Foundation. The plan is to assemble the committee by November 1, 2021. *[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates|Learn about each candidate]] to inform your vote in the language that you prefer *Learn about [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|the Drafting Committee]] *We are piloting [https://mcdc-election-compass.toolforge.org/ a voting advice application] for this election. Click yourself through the tool and you will see which candidate is closest to you! *[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections|Read the full announcement]] *'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections|Go vote at SecurePoll]]!''' --[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 16:28, 13 October 2021 (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 4 == <section begin="ucoc-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 4, October 2021'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/4|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the fourth issue of Universal Code of Conduct News! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC. If you haven’t already, please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to be notified about future editions of the newsletter, and also leave your username [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|here]] if you’d like to be contacted to help with translations in the future. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review Wrap-up''' - The Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review will come to a close on 17 October 2021, after more than two months of extensive consultations. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/4#Enforcement Draft Guidelines Review Wrap-up|continue reading]]) *'''Roundtable Discussions and Conversation Hours''' - Another successful roundtable session happened on September 18, 2021 to discuss the EDGR. One last conversation hour will be happening on October 15th, 2021. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/4#Roundtable Discussions and Conversation Hours|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Charter Drafting Committee Elections''' - The Movement Charter Drafting Committee selection process has kicked off and will be open until October 25, 2021. Contributors to Wikimedia projects can elect their favorite candidates on to the committee. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/4#Movement Charter Drafting Committee Elections|continue reading]]) *'''New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As we round-up the consultation processes for the Universal Code of Conduct, the facilitation team is currently envisioning new directions for the newsletter. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/4#New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]]) *'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about the UCoC on Wikimedia Diff. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/4#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])<section end="ucoc-newsletter"/></div>--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 21:47, 14 October 2021 (UTC) ==Learn how Movement Strategy Implementation Grants can support your Movement Strategy plans== Please be informed that the Movement Strategy Implementation grants is back and it now provides more than $2,000 USD to put Movement Strategy plans into action. Find out more about Movement Strategy Implementation grants, the criteria, and how to apply [[:m:Grants:MSIG/About|here]] Also, the Movement Charter Drafting Committee election is still ongoing. It would be great to increase community participation. If you haven't voted, now is the time. Please [[:m:Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections|vote here]] before October 24. Thank you!--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 16:30, 20 October 2021 (UTC) == Meet the new Movement Charter Drafting Committee members == :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Movement Charter Drafting Committee election and selection processes are complete. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results|election results have been published]]. 1018 participants voted to elect seven members to the committee: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_Knipel_(Pharos)|Richard Knipel (Pharos)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anne_Clin_(Risker)|Anne Clin (Risker)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Alice_Wiegand_(lyzzy)|Alice Wiegand (Lyzzy)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Micha%C5%82_Buczy%C5%84ski_(Aegis_Maelstrom)|Michał Buczyński (Aegis Maelstrom)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_(Nosebagbear)|Richard (Nosebagbear)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ravan_J_Al-Taie_(Ravan)|Ravan J Al-Taie (Ravan)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ciell_(Ciell)|Ciell (Ciell)]]'''. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Affiliate-chosen_members|affiliate process]] has selected six members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anass_Sedrati_(Anass_Sedrati)|Anass Sedrati (Anass Sedrati)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#%C3%89rica_Azzellini_(EricaAzzellini)|Érica Azzellini (EricaAzzellini)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Jamie_Li-Yun_Lin_(Li-Yun_Lin)|Jamie Li-Yun Lin (Li-Yun Lin)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Georges_Fodouop_(Geugeor)|Georges Fodouop (Geugeor)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Manavpreet_Kaur_(Manavpreet_Kaur)|Manavpreet Kaur (Manavpreet Kaur)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Pepe_Flores_(Padaguan)|Pepe Flores (Padaguan)]]'''. * The Wikimedia Foundation has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Wikimedia_Foundation-chosen_members|appointed]] two members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Runa_Bhattacharjee_(Runab_WMF)|Runa Bhattacharjee (Runab WMF)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Jorge_Vargas_(JVargas_(WMF))|Jorge Vargas (JVargas (WMF))]]'''. The committee will convene soon to start its work. The committee can appoint up to three more members to bridge diversity and expertise gaps. If you are interested in engaging with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Movement Charter]] drafting process, follow the updates [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|on Meta]] and join the [https://t.me/joinchat/U-4hhWtndBjhzmSf Telegram group]. With thanks from the Movement Strategy and Governance team.--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 17:54, 1 November 2021 (UTC) == Adeserɛdeɛ/Proposal == * '''tw:''' Twi Wikipedia ɛne Akan Wikipedia nyinaa yɛ kasa baako. Yɛbɛtuni afa atwerɛsɛm no bi afi Akan Wikipedia so aba ha. Kwan a yɛbɛtumi afaso ayɛ ɛne sɛ yɛde '''MediaWiki's Import function''' no bɛyɛ adwuma. Sɛ yɛbɛtumi ayɛ a, agye sɛ yɛ yɛ Akan Wikipedia sɛ bɛbia atwerɛsɛm no firi ɛba Twi Wikipedia yi so. Obi wɔ ha ɔnfoa so anaa? * '''en:''' The Akan Wikipedia is written in essentially the same language. We can copy some articles from that wiki, and the easiest way to do it is to use MediaWiki's Import function. To make this possible, we need to define the Akan Wikipedia as an import source for the Twi Wikipedia. Is anyone opposed to this? --- [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:Maroon; text-shadow:gray 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 13:57, 16 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) *Support - I believe this initiative will help put the function in a good perspective since the Twi and its various dialects are mutually intereligible. [[User:Joy Agyepong|Joy Agyepong]] ([[User talk:Joy Agyepong|talk]]) 12:45, 28 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) As Twi is a variety of Akan, wouldn't it be better to just keep the Akan Wikipedia, move the articles in Twi there and marked them as "This articles is written in Twi"? --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 09:53, 19 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) == Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content /> :''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Board of Trustees is preparing a call for feedback about the upcoming Board Elections, from January 7 - February 10, 2022. While details will be finalized the week before the call, we have confirmed at least two questions that will be asked during this call for feedback: * What is the best way to ensure fair representation of emerging communities among the Board? * What involvement should candidates have during the election? While additional questions may be added, the Movement Strategy and Governance team wants to provide time for community members and affiliates to consider and prepare ideas on the confirmed questions before the call opens. We apologize for not having a complete list of questions at this time. The list of questions should only grow by one or two questions. The intention is to not overwhelm the community with requests, but provide notice and welcome feedback on these important questions. '''Do you want to help organize local conversation during this Call?''' Contact the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance team]] on Meta, on [https://t.me/wmboardgovernancechat Telegram], or via email at msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org. Reach out if you have any questions or concerns. The Movement Strategy and Governance team will be minimally staffed until January 3. Please excuse any delayed response during this time. We also recognize some community members and affiliates are offline during the December holidays. We apologize if our message has reached you while you are on holiday. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> {{int:thank-you}} [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 17:56, 27 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=22502754 --> == Din sesa/Rename == * '''tw:''' Mesusu sɛ yɛnsesa Twi Wikipedia ahyɛnsode din nkɔ '''Nimdeɛhoma ma biara''' ɛfiri sɛ '''Nimdeebukuu Kwa''' nnyɛ The Free Encyclopedia ɛna yɛnsesa WIKIPIDIA nkɔ WIKIPEDIA . Obi wɔ ha ɔnfoa so anaa? -- [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue; text-shadow:green 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 11:08, 28 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) * '''en:''' I propose we change the Twi Wikipedia logo description from '''Nimdeebukuu Kwa''' to '''Nimdeɛhoma ma obiara''' because '''Nimdeebukuu Kwa''' does not mean The Free Encyclopedia and also change WIKIPIDIA to WIKIPEDIA. Is anyone opposed to this? --- [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue; text-shadow:green 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 11:08, 28 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) :Hi! :I don't know the language,bitbim always curious about how the logo is translated to various languages :) :I have a few questions: :# "Biara" or "Obiara"? :# Does Biara/Obiara mean "free"? Is it "free" in the sense of "freedom", or in the sense of "zero pounds"? I also see this word on the "Publish changes" button ("Ma obiara nnhu"). :# Does "Nimdeɛhoma" mean "encyclopedia"? What does each part of this word mean? --[[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 17:42, 28 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) Hi, thanks for your concern. ::1. “Obiara” ::2. Obiara means everyone and in this context I think Obiara best explains the concept because it's free and for everyone . If it's supposed to be in the sense of zero pounds it will be “wontua ka” which means you are not paying for it or it's free of charge. I don't think there is a direct translation for publish changes in Twi. "Ma obiara nnhu" is the closest which means let everyone see your changes. Immediately you publish any changes everyone anywhere sees it so "Ma obiara nnhu" best fits Publish changes. ::3. Yes, "Nimdeɛhoma" best explains Encyclopedia. "Nimdeɛ" means Knowledge and "homa" means book. --- [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue; text-shadow:green 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 18:39, 28 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) Yes Obiara mean everyone. For me '''Nimdeebukuu Kwa''' doesn't really sound well like and its hard for me to comprehend its meaning especially being a speaker of the language. I absolutely will prefer the proposed name '''Nimdeɛhoma ma obiara''' because it's so easy to understand and Nimde3homa I will interpret as an knowledge book, which means knowledge book for everyone.[[User:Ruby D-Brown|Ruby D-Brown]] ([[User talk:Ruby D-Brown|talk]]) 11:20, 5 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) :Thanks, @[[User:Ruby D-Brown|Ruby D-Brown]]! Just to check: Does "Obiara" also mean "Free" in the sense that is described on the page [[:w:en:Wikipedia:The Free Encyclopedia|Wikipedia:The Free Encyclopedia]]? [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 14:58, 5 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) Good question there, obiara doesn't mean free though, it just means everyone. I threw this question to my community and this is what our Community Twi Wikipedia lead trainer said- ''Wikipedia nimdeɛ dodoɔ nhoma a ɛboɔ biara nna so"- Literally meaning "Wikipedia the free encyclopedia". [[User:RDamenshiebrown (WMF)|RDamenshiebrown (WMF)]] ([[User talk:RDamenshiebrown (WMF)|talk]]) 15:02, 11 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC)[[Special:Contributions/154.160.7.209|154.160.7.209]] 11:48, 11 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) ::{{ping|154.160.30.227}}. Please when you add content to talk pages and Wikipedia pages that have an open discussion, (but never when editing articles), please be sure to [[:w:en:Wikipedia:Signatures|sign your posts]]. There are two ways to do this. Either: # Add four tildes at the end of your comment, or # With the cursor positioned at the end of your comment, click on the signature [[File:OOjs UI icon signature-ltr.svg|22px|link=Wikipedia:How to sign your posts]] located above the edit window. This will automatically insert a signature with your username or IP address and the time you posted the comment. This information is necessary to allow other editors to easily see who wrote what and when. Thank you ::: "ɛboɔ biara nna so" is talking in the sense of "zero pounds" here and if the "free" here implies not taking money then I agree and we all can agree that "Free Encyclopedia" does not mean "zero price encyclopedia" but if "free" is as explained here [[:w:en:Wikipedia:The Free Encyclopedia|Wikipedia:The Free Encyclopedia]] then I think '''Nimdeɛhoma ma obiara''' best fits. Thank you [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue; text-shadow:green 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 10:59, 11 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) == ak and tw Wikipedias == ak wp seem like a dying project. Wouldn't it be better to merge it with tw wp? I don't speak both languages well, and I do know they have dialectical differences too. But looking at how close they are, that might just be a better use of volunteer efforts working on both projects. - [[User:Masssly|Masssly]] ([[User talk:Masssly|talk]]) 18:28, 29 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) : {{support}} -- [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue; text-shadow:green 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 23:04, 29 Ɔpɛnimma 2021 (UTC) : {{support}} -- I am in support that both wikis should be merged to increase the impact and usefulness of the platform and also to free contributors of the confusion surrounding it. [[User:Ruby D-Brown|Ruby D-Brown]] ([[User talk:Ruby D-Brown|talk]]) 11:18, 5 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) == Community notification == Dear all, I wish to inform you all about my proposed [[meta:Grants:Project/Rapid/Twi Community/Translatewiki.net|Project/Rapid/Twi Community/Translatewiki.net]] Thanks for your anticipated support. -- [[user:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue; text-shadow:green 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">Robertjamal12</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:Navy">''(talk)''</span>]] 07:04, 1 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) == Wiki Loves Folklore is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 28th''' of February. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2022 submitting] them in this commons contest. You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language. Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:15, 9 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&oldid=22560402 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]]. You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... Thank you. '''Feminism and Folklore Team''', [[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] --05:49, 11 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&oldid=22574381 --> == Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open == <section begin="announcement-content" />:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]] Best, Movement Strategy and Governance<section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 23:45, 12 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) == Subscribe to the This Month in Education newsletter - learn from others and share your stories == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Dear community members, Greetings from the EWOC Newsletter team and the education team at Wikimedia Foundation. We are very excited to share that we on tenth years of Education Newsletter ([[m:Education/News|This Month in Education]]) invite you to join us by [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|subscribing to the newsletter on your talk page]] or by [[m:Education/News/Newsroom|sharing your activities in the upcoming newsletters]]. The Wikimedia Education newsletter is a monthly newsletter that collects articles written by community members using Wikimedia projects in education around the world, and it is published by the EWOC Newsletter team in collaboration with the Education team. These stories can bring you new ideas to try, valuable insights about the success and challenges of our community members in running education programs in their context. If your affiliate/language project is developing its own education initiatives, please remember to take advantage of this newsletter to publish your stories with the wider movement that shares your passion for education. You can submit newsletter articles in your own language or submit bilingual articles for the education newsletter. For the month of January the deadline to submit articles is on the 20th January. We look forward to reading your stories. Older versions of this newsletter can be found in the [[outreach:Education/Newsletter/Archives|complete archive]]. More information about the newsletter can be found at [[m:Education/News/Publication Guidelines|Education/Newsletter/About]]. For more information, please contact spatnaik{{@}}wikimedia.org. ------ <div style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[User:ZI Jony|<span style="color:#8B0000">'''ZI Jony'''</span>]] [[User talk:ZI Jony|<sup><span style="color:Green"><i>(Talk)</i></span></sup>]], {{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>#time:l G:i, d F Y|}} (UTC)</div></div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/Awareness_of_Education_Newsletter/List_of_Village_Pumps&oldid=21244129 --> == Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 == <section begin="ucoc-newsletter"/> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 5, January 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics. This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 7th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]]) *'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]]) *'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]]) *'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])</div><section end="ucoc-newsletter"/>--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 16:29, 18 Ɔpɛpɔn 2022 (UTC) == Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, The '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]''' were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] across the movement. Comments about the guidelines can be shared here or [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|the Meta-wiki talk page]]. There will be conversations on Zoom on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the UCoC project team and drafting committee members to discuss the guidelines and voting process]].''' The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].''' Thank you to everyone who has participated so far. Sincerely, Movement Strategy and Governance<br/> Wikimedia Foundation<section end="announcement-content" />.--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 00:15, 4 Ogyefuo 2022 (UTC) == Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated! == Hello everyone! The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work. The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. [[:m:Leadership Development Task Force|This Meta page]] shares the proposal for a Leadership Development Task Force and [[:m:Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|how you can help here]]. Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022. Thank you!--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 11:24, 10 Ogyefuo 2022 (UTC) == Event notice == Hello everyone, Join us on Saturday, 19th February 2022, at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology as we learn and contribute to Twi Wikipedia and translatewiki. Date: Saturday, 19th February 2022 Time: 9:00 AM - 2PM Kindly ping me on my userpage for more details or any questions -- [[User:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:EF Barbedor;color:#00F">''Robertjamal12''</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:#00F">~🔔</span>]] 23:35, 10 Ogyefuo 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki. There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss: * A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&A|community panel]] on 18 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants. * The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up for these conversation hours''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022. You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Sincerely, Movement Strategy and Governance <br /> Wikimedia Foundation <br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|talk]]) 12:36, 21 Ogyefuo 2022 (UTC) == Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">{{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]] Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team, We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc. We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language. Best wishes, '''International Team'''<br /> '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:50, 22 Ogyefuo 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=22754428 --> == Make working with templates easier: Several improvements coming to your wiki soon. == [[File:I_love_templates_hexagon.png|right|200x200px]] ''Apologies for writing in English. It would be great if you could help translate this message. '' Hello! A few months ago, your wiki received these improvements from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]] project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Wikimedia Deutschland’s Technical Wishes]] team: * Finding and inserting templates became easier with an improved search and added warnings. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|1]]) * In VisualEditor, can now remove a template from a page via the context menu, just like removing a table or an image. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]) * Also in VisualEditor, several fundamental improvements were done in the template dialog. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|3]]) * A new attribute “suggested values” was introduced to help you clarify what values a parameter may expect. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|4]]) * When using syntax highlighting, line numbers are shown in the ''template'' namespace. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|5]]) <br/>A few wikis have these line numbers in ''all'' namespaces. If you want this for your wiki as well, please reach out to us. '''On March 9''', more improvements from the Templates project are coming to this and many more wikis: * Matching brackets will be highlighted (when you use syntax highlighting). ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|6]]) * The color scheme in syntax highlighting will be updated for better readability. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|7]]) These improvements have been tested on a few other wikis for a few months now, but we’d love to hear what you think of them on the talk pages of the project pages linked above ([1] - [7]). A few weeks later, we’re also going to add a colorblind-friendly color scheme in syntax highlighting (CodeMirror extension). You’ll be able to activate it via a user setting. – Greetings from the Technical Wishes project, [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Nkitahode bea]]) 13:17, 28 Ogyefuo 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now closed <section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" />:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections]] is now closed. This Call ran from 10 January and closed on 16 February 2022. The Call focused on [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Discuss Key Questions#Questions|three key questions]] and received broad discussion [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Discuss Key Questions|on Meta-wiki]], during meetings with affiliates, and in various community conversations. The community and affiliates provided many proposals and discussion points. The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Reports|reports]] are on Meta-wiki. This information will be shared with the Board of Trustees and Elections Committee so they can make informed decisions about the upcoming Board of Trustees election. The Board of Trustees will then follow with an announcement after they have discussed the information. Thank you to everyone who participated in the Call for Feedback to help improve Board election processes. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode bea]]) 11:24, 5 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC<section end="announcement-header" /> == :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022/Invitation|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022/Invitation|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022/Invitation}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' <section begin="announcement-content" />Hello! The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about "Regional and Thematic Hubs". The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9. The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''. Best regards, [[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]] 13:44, 10 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC)<br />Movement Strategy <section end="announcement-content" /> == <section begin="announcement-header" />Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]]. You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Sincerely, Movement Strategy and Governance Wikimedia Foundation<section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode bea]]) 13:56, 10 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC) == Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow == [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]] International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. ([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram]) The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]] A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]]. We look forward for your immense co-operation. Thanks Wiki Loves Folklore international Team [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:40, 14 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=22754428 --> == <section begin="announcement-header" />Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''. Thank you, From the Community Development team<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:28, 18 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]] [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on <b>31 March 2022 11:59 UTC</b>. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as <i>folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more</i> Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. We look forward for your immense co-operation. Thanks Wiki Loves Folklore international Team [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:29, 26 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf&oldid=23060054 --> == <section begin="announcement-header" />Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Greetings, The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work. The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Best regards, Movement Strategy and Governance<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:24, 28 Ɔbɛnem 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header />Results from the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification vote<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> : ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/UCoC Phase 2 Ratification Results Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : ''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/UCoC Phase 2 Ratification Results Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/UCoC Phase 2 Ratification Results Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello all, We would like to thank the over 2,300 Wikimedians who participated in the recently concluded community vote on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)]]. At this time, the volunteer scrutinizing group has completed the review of the accuracy of the vote and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|'''the final results are available on Meta-wiki''']]. A quick summary can be found below: * 58.6% Yes, 41.4% No * Contributors from 128 home wikis participated in the vote * Over thirty languages were supported in the ballot What this outcome means is that there is enough support for the Board to review the document. It does not mean that the Enforcement Guidelines are automatically complete. From here, the project team will collate and summarize the comments provided in the voting process, and publish them on Meta-wiki. The Enforcement Guidelines will be submitted to the Board of Trustees for their consideration. The Board will review input given during the vote, and examine whether there are aspects of the Guidelines that need further refinement. If so, these comments, and the input provided through Meta-wiki and other community conversations, will provide a good starting point for revising the Guidelines to meet the needs expressed by communities in the voter's responses. In the event the Board moves forward with ratification, the UCoC project team will begin supporting specific proposals in the Guidelines. Some of these proposals include working with community members to form the U4C Building Committee, starting consultations on training, and supporting conversations on improving our reporting systems. There is still a lot to be done, but we will be able to move into the next phase of this work. Many people took part in making sure the policy and the enforcement guidelines work for our communities. We will continue to collaboratively work on the details of the strong proposals outlined in the Guidelines as presented by the Wikimedians who engaged with the project in different ways over the last year. Once again, we thank everyone who participated in the ratification of the Enforcement Guidelines. For more information regarding the results, please refer to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|the Results page]]. Regards, [[User:SNg (WMF)]] Stella Ng on behalf of the UCoC Project Team Senior Manager, Trust and Safety Policy<br/><section end="announcement content" />--13:20, 8 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6<section end="announcement-header"/> == <section begin="ucoc-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 6, April 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics. This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> *'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]]) *'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]]) *'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]]) *'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]]) *'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]]) *'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]]) </div><section end="ucoc-newsletter"/>--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:35, 14 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />Join the Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan conversations with Maryana Iskander<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :[[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']] :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Communications|Movement Communications]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] teams invite you to discuss the '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]''', a plan of record for the Wikimedia Foundation's work. These conversations continue [[m:User:MIskander-WMF|Maryana Iskander]]'s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Chief Executive Officer/Maryana’s Listening Tour|Wikimedia Foundation Chief Executive Officer listening tour]]. The conversations are about these questions: * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia 2030|2030 Wikimedia Movement Strategy]] sets a direction toward "knowledge as a service" and "knowledge equity". The Wikimedia Foundation wants to plan according to these two goals. How do you think the Wikimedia Foundation should apply them to our work? * The Wikimedia Foundation continues to explore better ways of working at a regional level. We have increased our regional focus in areas like grants, new features, and community conversations. What is working well? How can we improve? * Anyone can contribute to the Movement Strategy process. Let's collect your activities, ideas, requests, and lessons learned. How can the Wikimedia Foundation better support the volunteers and affiliates working in Movement Strategy activities? You can find [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft/Your Input|'''the schedule of calls on Meta-wiki''']]. The information will be available in multiple languages. Each call will be open to anyone to attend. Live interpretation will be available in some calls. Best regards,<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:22, 14 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) == New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today! <br>--The Wikipedia Library Team 13:17, 26 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=23036656 --> == <section begin="announcement-header" />Next steps: Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) and UCoC Enforcement Guidelines<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/April 2022 - Board of Trustees on Next steps: Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) and UCoC Enforcement Guidelines|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/April 2022 - Board of Trustees on Next steps: Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) and UCoC Enforcement Guidelines}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Community Affairs Committee of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees would like to thank everyone who participated in the recently concluded community vote on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC). The volunteer scrutinizing group has completed the review of the accuracy of the vote and has reported the total number of votes received as 2,283. Out of the 2,283 votes received, a total of 1,338 (58.6%) community members voted for the enforcement guidelines, and a total of 945 (41.4%) community members voted against it. In addition, 658 participants left comments with 77% of the comments written in English. We recognize and appreciate the passion and commitment that community members have demonstrated in creating a safe and welcoming culture that stops hostile and toxic behavior, supports people targeted by such behavior, and encourages good faith people to be productive on the Wikimedia projects. Even at this incomplete stage, this is evident in the comments received. While the Enforcement Guidelines did reach a threshold of support necessary for the Board to review, we encouraged voters, regardless of which way they were voting, to provide feedback on the elements of the enforcement guidelines that they felt needed to be changed or fixed, as well as why, in case it seemed advisable to launch a further round of edits that would address community concerns. Foundation staff who have been reviewing comments have advised us of some of the emerging themes, and as a result we have decided as Community Affairs Committee to ask the Foundation to reconvene the drafting committee and to undertake another community engagement to refine the enforcement guidelines based on the community feedback received from the recently concluded vote. For clarity, this feedback has been clustered into 4 sections as follows: # To identify the type, purpose, and applicability of the training; # To simplify the language for easier translation and comprehension by non-experts; # To explore the concept of affirmation, including its pros and cons; # To review the conflicting roles of privacy/victim protection and right to be heard. Other issues may emerge during conversations, and particularly as the draft Enforcement Guidelines evolve, but we see these as the primary areas of concern for voters and are asking staff to facilitate review of these issues. After further engagement, the Foundation should re-run the community vote to evaluate the revamped Enforcement Outline to see if the new document is then ready for its official ratification. Further, we are aware of the concerns with the note 3.1 in the Universal Code of Conduct Policy. We are directing the Foundation to facilitate a review of this language to ensure that the Policy meets its intended purposes of supporting a safe and inclusive community, without waiting for the planned review of the entire Policy at the end of year. Again, we thank all who participated, thinking about these critical and difficult challenges and contributing to better approaches across the movement to working together well. Best, Rosie Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight (she/her)<br /> Acting Chair, Community Affairs Committee <br /> Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees<br /><section end="announcement-content" />---[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:51, 26 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']] The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees. The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees. The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team. Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]]. Thank you for your support, Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:51, 26 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) == Make working with templates easier: One more improvement coming soon. == ''Apologies for writing in English. It would be great if you could help translate this message.'' Hello, one more change from WMDE’s focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” is coming to your wiki soon: In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[Mw:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), you’ll be able to activate a '''colorblind-friendly color scheme''' with a user setting. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind mode|project page]]) Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from WMDE’s focus area “Templates”. We would love to [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|hear your feedback]]. Thanks for being one of the first wikis to get the improvements from our project, and for giving valuable feedback! – [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 09:38, 29 Oforisuo 2022 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Editing news 2022 #1</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message"/><i>[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</i> [[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages. New editors are more successful with this new tool. You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]]. Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test. You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].<section end="message"/> </div> [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 Kotonimma 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=22019984 --> == <section begin="announcement-header" />2022 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Election - Call for Election Volunteers<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> The Movement Strategy and Governance team is looking for community members to serve as election volunteers in the upcoming Board of Trustees election. The idea of the Election Volunteer Program came up during the 2021 Wikimedia Board of Trustees Election. This program turned out to be successful. With the help of Election Volunteers we were able to increase outreach and participation in the election by 1,753 voters over 2017. Overall turnout was 10.13%, 1.1 percentage points more, and 214 wikis were represented in the election. There were a total of 74 wikis that did not participate in 2017 that produced voters in the 2021 election. Can you help increase the participation even more? Election volunteers will help in the following areas: * Translate short messages and announce the ongoing election process in community channels * Optional: Monitor community channels for community comments and questions Volunteers should: * Maintain the friendly space policy during conversations and events * Present the guidelines and voting information to the community in a neutral manner Do you want to be an election volunteer and ensure your community is represented in the vote? Sign up [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/About|here]] to receive updates. You can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/About|talk page]] for questions about translation.<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:55, 5 Kotonimma 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />Report on Voter Feedback from Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines Ratification <section end="announcement-header" />== <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Report/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Report/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello all, The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) project team has completed the analysis of the feedback accompanying the ratification vote on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. Following the completion of the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines Draft in 2022, the guidelines were voted on by the Wikimedian community. Voters cast votes from 137 communities, with the top 9 communities being: English, German, French, Russian, Polish, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, Italian Wikipedias, and Meta-wiki. Those voting had the opportunity to provide comments on the contents of the Draft document. 658 participants left comments. 77% of the comments are written in English. Voters wrote comments in 24 languages with the largest numbers in English (508), German (34), Japanese (28), French (25), and Russian (12). A report will be sent to the Revision Drafting Committee who will refine the enforcement guidelines based on the community feedback received from the recently concluded vote. A public version of the report is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Report|'''published on Meta-wiki here''']]. The report is available in translated versions on Meta-wiki. {{int:please-translate}} Again, we thank all who participated in the vote and discussions. We invite everyone to contribute during the next community discussions. More information about the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|on Meta-wiki]]. On behalf of the Universal Code of Conduct project team<br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:59, 23 Kotonimma 2022 (UTC) == Community notification == Dear all, I wish to inform you all about my proposed project, Introducing Wikipedia to the Fante Wikimedia Community. You can add suggestions or input if you have any. Thanks for your anticipated support.-- [[User:Robertjamal12|<span style="font-family:EF Barbedor;color:#00F">''Robertjamal12''</span>]] [[User talk:Robertjamal12|<span style="color:#00F">~🔔</span>]] 23:07, 31 Kotonimma 2022 (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" /> 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates closed<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/2022 Candidates for the Board of Trustees|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/2022 Candidates for the Board of Trustees|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/2022 Candidates for the Board of Trustees}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] Call for Candidates has now closed. This Call led 12 candidates from the community to submit their applications. Learn more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|2022 Board of Trustees candidates]]. The Analysis Committee will now consider the candidates’ applications with the skills and criteria provided by the Board. The trustees seek certain skills and competencies to improve the capacity of the Board. After the Analysis Committee completes their review, the ratings of each candidate will be published. These ratings are for informational purposes only. For more information about the 2022 Board election, you may find the timeline, voting information and other ways to get involved [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|on Meta-wiki]]. Thank you for your support, Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees <br /><section end="announcement-content" />--[[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:56, 3 Ayɛwohomumɔ 2022 (UTC) == Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hi, Greetings The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced! We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]''' Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project. We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year. '''Thank you,''' '''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' --[[Dwumadini:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:MediaWiki message delivery|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:13, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=23454230 --> == Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass == :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi all, Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]] An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views. Here is the timeline for the Election Compass: July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' [[Dwumadini:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Zuz (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) == Movement Strategy and Governance News - Issue 7 == <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation. The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> * '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1</tvar>|continue reading]]) * '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]]) * '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]]) * '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]]) * '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]]) * '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]]) * '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]]) * '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]]) * '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]]) * '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]]) </div><section end="msg-newsletter"/> [[Dwumadini:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Zuz (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:02, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) == Announcing the six candidates for the Board of Trustees election == :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi everyone, The Affiliate Representatives have completed their voting period. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are: * Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]]) * Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]]) * Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]]) * Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]]) * Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]]) * Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]]) You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election. The Affiliate organizations selected representatives to vote on behalf of the Affiliate organization. The Affiliate Representatives proposed questions for the candidates to answer in mid-June. These answers from candidates and the information provided from the Analysis Committee provided support for the representatives as they made their decision. Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation. Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia. What can voters do now? [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Review the results of the Affiliate selection process]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|Read more here about the next steps in the 2022 Board of Trustee election]]. Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''</translate><br /><section end="announcement-content" /> [[Dwumadini:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Zuz (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:53, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) == Vote for Election Compass Statements == :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi all, Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki. An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views. Here is the timeline for the Election Compass: *<s>July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass</s> *<s>July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements</s> *July 23 - August 3: Volunteers vote on the statements *August 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements *August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements *August 16: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August Best, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' [[Dwumadini:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Zuz (WMF)|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:51, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) 3m6v7f78d9rnk4qqdj9tcrnx1z6itu5 Nyarewa 0 7161 132681 59378 2022-07-28T23:32:26Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} [[File:Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|Nyarewa ho [[mfonii|mfoni]]]] Nyarewa yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ne ho mfa no na ɛde nsunsuansoɔ ba nnipadua nom mma no nni dwuma yie na ɛnyɛ sɛ obi apira.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090628224336/http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000030493.htm</ref><ref>https://tgb.com.au/injured-people/what-is-the-difference-between-an-%E2%80%9Cinjury%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cdisease%E2%80%9D-for-commonwealth-injury-claims/</ref> Nyarewa yɛ tebea a obi kɔ mu a ɛde nsɛnkyerɛne na ne nnipadua ho. Nnoɔma a ɛwɔ yɛn mu a yɛfrɛ no pathogens tumi de yareɛ ba. Nhwɛsoɔ, sɛ yɛn nkwammoa no ntumi nni dwuma yie a ɛtumi de nyarewa pii bi te sɛ immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies ne autoimmune disorders brɛ yɛn. Wɔ nnipa fam no, yareɛ yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ɛde yaw, nnipadua no nni dwuma yie, ɔbrɛ, ne ɔhaw a ɛwɔ mpɔtam anaa owuo brɛ nea wanya yareɛ no, anaa wɔn a wɔbɛn saa nnipa no nso bɛtumi anya saa ɔhaw no bi. Ɛtumi yɛ pira, dɛm, nnoɔma ntorɔ yie wɔ nnipadua nom, syndrome, nsanyareɛ, nsɛnkyerɛnne a ate ne ho, suban bɔne, saa ara nso na wɔ nsɛm foforɔ mu ne botaeɛ foforɔ mu no ɛbɛtumi a nkyekyɛmu a wobɛtumi akyerɛ mu ama yɛahunu no nsonsonoeɛ. Nyarewa tumi yɛ adwene no nnyɛ nnipadua no nkoa, sɛ wonya yareɛ na ɛtena wo mu a ɛtumi de ɔhaw abrɛ nea yareɛ no wɔ no so. Sɛ obi yare na ɛnam so ma no wu a wɔfrɛ no owupa. Yɛwɔ nyarewa ahodoɔ nan, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases ne non-genetic hereditary diseases), ne physiological diseases. Wobɛtumi akyekyɛ nyarewa wɔ akwan pii bi so te sɛ yareɛ a ɛsane ne nea ɛnsan.Yareɛ a ɛyɛ hu paa ne coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease ne lower respiratory infections.<ref>https://www.who.int/features/qa/18/en/</ref> Wɔ aman a atu mpɔn mu no, yareɛ aba nnipa so paa ara neare neuropsychiatric conditions, bi te sɛ dɔbrɛ ne adwene mu haw. Pathology yɛ ɔkwan a yɛfa so su nyarewa, a etiology adesua ne nea ɛde ba ka ho. 6ax9s8zvpn9qaqi5bblci2rb147pvga 132682 132681 2022-07-28T23:47:11Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} [[File:Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|Nyarewa ho [[mfonii|mfoni]]]] Nyarewa yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ne ho mfa no na ɛde nsunsuansoɔ ba nnipadua nom mma no nni dwuma yie na ɛnyɛ sɛ obi apira.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090628224336/http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000030493.htm</ref><ref>https://tgb.com.au/injured-people/what-is-the-difference-between-an-%E2%80%9Cinjury%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cdisease%E2%80%9D-for-commonwealth-injury-claims/</ref> Nyarewa yɛ tebea a obi kɔ mu a ɛde nsɛnkyerɛne na ne nnipadua ho. Nnoɔma a ɛwɔ yɛn mu a yɛfrɛ no pathogens tumi de yareɛ ba. Nhwɛsoɔ, sɛ yɛn nkwammoa no ntumi nni dwuma yie a ɛtumi de nyarewa pii bi te sɛ immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies ne autoimmune disorders brɛ yɛn. Wɔ nnipa fam no, yareɛ yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ɛde yaw, nnipadua no nni dwuma yie, ɔbrɛ, ne ɔhaw a ɛwɔ mpɔtam anaa owuo brɛ nea wanya yareɛ no, anaa wɔn a wɔbɛn saa nnipa no nso bɛtumi anya saa ɔhaw no bi. Ɛtumi yɛ pira, dɛm, nnoɔma ntorɔ yie wɔ nnipadua nom, syndrome, nsanyareɛ, nsɛnkyerɛnne a ate ne ho, suban bɔne, saa ara nso na wɔ nsɛm foforɔ mu ne botaeɛ foforɔ mu no ɛbɛtumi a nkyekyɛmu a wobɛtumi akyerɛ mu ama yɛahunu no nsonsonoeɛ. Nyarewa tumi yɛ adwene no nnyɛ nnipadua no nkoa, sɛ wonya yareɛ na ɛtena wo mu a ɛtumi de ɔhaw abrɛ nea yareɛ no wɔ no so. Sɛ obi yare na ɛnam so ma no wu a wɔfrɛ no owupa. Yɛwɔ nyarewa ahodoɔ nan, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases ne non-genetic hereditary diseases), ne physiological diseases. Wobɛtumi akyekyɛ nyarewa wɔ akwan pii bi so te sɛ yareɛ a ɛsane ne nea ɛnsan.Yareɛ a ɛyɛ hu paa ne coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease ne lower respiratory infections.<ref>https://www.who.int/features/qa/18/en/</ref> Wɔ aman a atu mpɔn mu no, yareɛ aba nnipa so paa ara neare neuropsychiatric conditions, bi te sɛ dɔbrɛ ne adwene mu haw. Pathology yɛ ɔkwan a yɛfa so su nyarewa, a etiology adesua ne nea ɛde ba ka ho. Edin Ahodoɔ concept Wɔ nnoɔma pii mu no, edin te sɛ ''disease'', ''disorder'', ''morbidity'', ''sickness'' and ''illness di dwuma wɔ berɛ biara wɔpɛ; nanso yɛwɔ baabi a yɛde edin pɔtee bi nkoa di dwuma wɔ hɔ .''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100528085547/http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih5/Mental/other/glossary.htm</ref> Yareɛ Yareɛ nkyerɛaseɛ ne tebea bi ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma yie. Ne saa nti, nyarewa a ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ no bɛyɛ homeostatic.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121025044155/http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/homeostasis/index.cfm</ref> Wɔde edin no gyina hɔ ma nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ nyinasoɔ yareɛ a ɛfiri pathogenic microbial bi te viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, ne aberrant proteins a wɔfrɛ no prions. Nsanyadeɛ a ɛma yɛ adanseɛ biara te sɛ, mmoawammoawa bi aba gut no mu anaasɛ mmoa bi a ɛwuraa nnipadua no mu no nyɛ yareɛ. Nea ɛda nso ne sɛ nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ asymptomatic wɔ berɛ a yareɛ no hyɛaseyno, nanso na ɛwɔ sɛ ɔho nsɛnkyerɛnne no ba akyire na yɛfrɛ no nyareo. Yareɛ a ɛnsan yɛ nyarewa foforɔ a kokoram, akoma mu yareɛ ne genetic disease ka ho. 2jltxwsrruuysel9jfeog31lxd6jl7a 132683 132682 2022-07-28T23:58:01Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} [[File:Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|Nyarewa ho [[mfonii|mfoni]]]] Nyarewa yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ne ho mfa no na ɛde nsunsuansoɔ ba nnipadua nom mma no nni dwuma yie na ɛnyɛ sɛ obi apira.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090628224336/http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000030493.htm</ref><ref>https://tgb.com.au/injured-people/what-is-the-difference-between-an-%E2%80%9Cinjury%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cdisease%E2%80%9D-for-commonwealth-injury-claims/</ref> Nyarewa yɛ tebea a obi kɔ mu a ɛde nsɛnkyerɛne na ne nnipadua ho. Nnoɔma a ɛwɔ yɛn mu a yɛfrɛ no pathogens tumi de yareɛ ba. Nhwɛsoɔ, sɛ yɛn nkwammoa no ntumi nni dwuma yie a ɛtumi de nyarewa pii bi te sɛ immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies ne autoimmune disorders brɛ yɛn. Wɔ nnipa fam no, yareɛ yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ɛde yaw, nnipadua no nni dwuma yie, ɔbrɛ, ne ɔhaw a ɛwɔ mpɔtam anaa owuo brɛ nea wanya yareɛ no, anaa wɔn a wɔbɛn saa nnipa no nso bɛtumi anya saa ɔhaw no bi. Ɛtumi yɛ pira, dɛm, nnoɔma ntorɔ yie wɔ nnipadua nom, syndrome, nsanyareɛ, nsɛnkyerɛnne a ate ne ho, suban bɔne, saa ara nso na wɔ nsɛm foforɔ mu ne botaeɛ foforɔ mu no ɛbɛtumi a nkyekyɛmu a wobɛtumi akyerɛ mu ama yɛahunu no nsonsonoeɛ. Nyarewa tumi yɛ adwene no nnyɛ nnipadua no nkoa, sɛ wonya yareɛ na ɛtena wo mu a ɛtumi de ɔhaw abrɛ nea yareɛ no wɔ no so. Sɛ obi yare na ɛnam so ma no wu a wɔfrɛ no owupa. Yɛwɔ nyarewa ahodoɔ nan, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases ne non-genetic hereditary diseases), ne physiological diseases. Wobɛtumi akyekyɛ nyarewa wɔ akwan pii bi so te sɛ yareɛ a ɛsane ne nea ɛnsan.Yareɛ a ɛyɛ hu paa ne coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease ne lower respiratory infections.<ref>https://www.who.int/features/qa/18/en/</ref> Wɔ aman a atu mpɔn mu no, yareɛ aba nnipa so paa ara neare neuropsychiatric conditions, bi te sɛ dɔbrɛ ne adwene mu haw. Pathology yɛ ɔkwan a yɛfa so su nyarewa, a etiology adesua ne nea ɛde ba ka ho. Edin Ahodoɔ concept Wɔ nnoɔma pii mu no, edin te sɛ ''disease'', ''disorder'', ''morbidity'', ''sickness'' and ''illness di dwuma wɔ berɛ biara wɔpɛ; nanso yɛwɔ baabi a yɛde edin pɔtee bi nkoa di dwuma wɔ hɔ .''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100528085547/http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih5/Mental/other/glossary.htm</ref> Yareɛ Yareɛ nkyerɛaseɛ ne tebea bi ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma yie. Ne saa nti, nyarewa a ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ no bɛyɛ homeostatic.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121025044155/http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/homeostasis/index.cfm</ref> Wɔde edin no gyina hɔ ma nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ nyinasoɔ yareɛ a ɛfiri pathogenic microbial bi te viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, ne aberrant proteins a wɔfrɛ no prions. Nsanyadeɛ a ɛma yɛ adanseɛ biara te sɛ, mmoawammoawa bi aba gut no mu anaasɛ mmoa bi a ɛwuraa nnipadua no mu no nyɛ yareɛ. Nea ɛda nso ne sɛ nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ asymptomatic wɔ berɛ a yareɛ no hyɛaseyno, nanso na ɛwɔ sɛ ɔho nsɛnkyerɛnne no ba akyire na yɛfrɛ no nyareo. Yareɛ a ɛnsan yɛ nyarewa foforɔ a kokoram, akoma mu yareɛ ne genetic disease ka ho. Yareɛ a yɛnya firi baabi Yareɛ a yɛnya hyɛ aseɛ firi yɛn abrabɔ mu, yareɛ a yɛnya firi awoɔ mu a ɛyɛ congenital disease. Woanya kyerɛ sɛ"wanya yareɛ a ɛsan", nanso ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya yareɛ bi wɔ awoɔ mu. Ɛtumi yɛ sɛ yareɛ a ɛnsan nanso yareɛ a yɛnya no yɛ nketewa. Acute disease Yareɛ a ano yɛ den no yɛ adeɛ a ɛba a ɛnkyɛ; edin tumi ma nkyereaseɛ traa. Wɔ nnoɔma pii mu no, edin te sɛ ''disease'', ''disorder'', ''morbidity'', ''sickness'' and ''illness di dwuma wɔ berɛ biara wɔpɛ; nanso yɛwɔ baabi a yɛde edin pɔtee bi nkoa di dwuma wɔ hɔ .''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100528085547/http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih5/Mental/other/glossary.htm</ref> Yareɛ Yareɛ nkyerɛaseɛ ne tebea bi ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma yie. Ne saa nti, nyarewa a ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ no bɛyɛ homeostatic.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121025044155/http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/homeostasis/index.cfm</ref> Wɔde edin no gyina hɔ ma nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ nyinasoɔ yareɛ a ɛfiri pathogenic microbial bi te viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, ne aberrant proteins a wɔfrɛ no prions. Nsanyadeɛ a ɛma yɛ adanseɛ biara te sɛ, mmoawammoawa bi aba gut no mu anaasɛ mmoa bi a ɛwuraa nnipadua no mu no nyɛ yareɛ. Nea ɛda nso ne sɛ nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ asymptomatic wɔ berɛ a yareɛ no hyɛaseyno, nanso na ɛwɔ sɛ ɔho nsɛnkyerɛnne no ba akyire na yɛfrɛ no nyareo. Yareɛ a ɛnsan yɛ nyarewa foforɔ a kokoram, akoma mu yareɛ ne genetic disease ka ho. 88gtephp9muv3o33h07majznf2kb9a6 132684 132683 2022-07-29T00:06:17Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} [[File:Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|Nyarewa ho [[mfonii|mfoni]]]] Nyarewa yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ne ho mfa no na ɛde nsunsuansoɔ ba nnipadua nom mma no nni dwuma yie na ɛnyɛ sɛ obi apira.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090628224336/http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000030493.htm</ref><ref>https://tgb.com.au/injured-people/what-is-the-difference-between-an-%E2%80%9Cinjury%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cdisease%E2%80%9D-for-commonwealth-injury-claims/</ref> Nyarewa yɛ tebea a obi kɔ mu a ɛde nsɛnkyerɛne na ne nnipadua ho. Nnoɔma a ɛwɔ yɛn mu a yɛfrɛ no pathogens tumi de yareɛ ba. Nhwɛsoɔ, sɛ yɛn nkwammoa no ntumi nni dwuma yie a ɛtumi de nyarewa pii bi te sɛ immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies ne autoimmune disorders brɛ yɛn. Wɔ nnipa fam no, yareɛ yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ɛde yaw, nnipadua no nni dwuma yie, ɔbrɛ, ne ɔhaw a ɛwɔ mpɔtam anaa owuo brɛ nea wanya yareɛ no, anaa wɔn a wɔbɛn saa nnipa no nso bɛtumi anya saa ɔhaw no bi. Ɛtumi yɛ pira, dɛm, nnoɔma ntorɔ yie wɔ nnipadua nom, syndrome, nsanyareɛ, nsɛnkyerɛnne a ate ne ho, suban bɔne, saa ara nso na wɔ nsɛm foforɔ mu ne botaeɛ foforɔ mu no ɛbɛtumi a nkyekyɛmu a wobɛtumi akyerɛ mu ama yɛahunu no nsonsonoeɛ. Nyarewa tumi yɛ adwene no nnyɛ nnipadua no nkoa, sɛ wonya yareɛ na ɛtena wo mu a ɛtumi de ɔhaw abrɛ nea yareɛ no wɔ no so. Sɛ obi yare na ɛnam so ma no wu a wɔfrɛ no owupa. Yɛwɔ nyarewa ahodoɔ nan, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases ne non-genetic hereditary diseases), ne physiological diseases. Wobɛtumi akyekyɛ nyarewa wɔ akwan pii bi so te sɛ yareɛ a ɛsane ne nea ɛnsan.Yareɛ a ɛyɛ hu paa ne coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease ne lower respiratory infections.<ref>https://www.who.int/features/qa/18/en/</ref> Wɔ aman a atu mpɔn mu no, yareɛ aba nnipa so paa ara neare neuropsychiatric conditions, bi te sɛ dɔbrɛ ne adwene mu haw. Pathology yɛ ɔkwan a yɛfa so su nyarewa, a etiology adesua ne nea ɛde ba ka ho. Edin Ahodoɔ concept Wɔ nnoɔma pii mu no, edin te sɛ ''disease'', ''disorder'', ''morbidity'', ''sickness'' and ''illness di dwuma wɔ berɛ biara wɔpɛ; nanso yɛwɔ baabi a yɛde edin pɔtee bi nkoa di dwuma wɔ hɔ .''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100528085547/http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih5/Mental/other/glossary.htm</ref> Yareɛ Yareɛ nkyerɛaseɛ ne tebea bi ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma yie. Ne saa nti, nyarewa a ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ no bɛyɛ homeostatic.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121025044155/http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/homeostasis/index.cfm</ref> Wɔde edin no gyina hɔ ma nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ nyinasoɔ yareɛ a ɛfiri pathogenic microbial bi te viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, ne aberrant proteins a wɔfrɛ no prions. Nsanyadeɛ a ɛma yɛ adanseɛ biara te sɛ, mmoawammoawa bi aba gut no mu anaasɛ mmoa bi a ɛwuraa nnipadua no mu no nyɛ yareɛ. Nea ɛda nso ne sɛ nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ asymptomatic wɔ berɛ a yareɛ no hyɛaseyno, nanso na ɛwɔ sɛ ɔho nsɛnkyerɛnne no ba akyire na yɛfrɛ no nyareo. Yareɛ a ɛnsan yɛ nyarewa foforɔ a kokoram, akoma mu yareɛ ne genetic disease ka ho. Yareɛ a yɛnya firi baabi Yareɛ a yɛnya hyɛ aseɛ firi yɛn abrabɔ mu, yareɛ a yɛnya firi awoɔ mu a ɛyɛ congenital disease. Woanya kyerɛ sɛ"wanya yareɛ a ɛsan", nanso ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya yareɛ bi wɔ awoɔ mu. Ɛtumi yɛ sɛ yareɛ a ɛnsan nanso yareɛ a yɛnya no yɛ nketewa. Acute disease Yareɛ a ano yɛ den no yɛ adeɛ a ɛba a ɛnkyɛ; edin tumi ma nkyereaseɛ traa. Chronic condition or chronic disease Congenital disorder or congenital disease a77226gnkmhi2wtm5dzl9vfhlhou3pj 132685 132684 2022-07-29T00:08:47Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} [[File:Mycobacterium_tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|Nyarewa ho [[mfonii|mfoni]]]] '''Nyarewa''' yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ne ho mfa no na ɛde nsunsuansoɔ ba nnipadua nom mma no nni dwuma yie na ɛnyɛ sɛ obi apira.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090628224336/http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000030493.htm</ref><ref>https://tgb.com.au/injured-people/what-is-the-difference-between-an-%E2%80%9Cinjury%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cdisease%E2%80%9D-for-commonwealth-injury-claims/</ref> Nyarewa yɛ tebea a obi kɔ mu a ɛde nsɛnkyerɛne na ne nnipadua ho. Nnoɔma a ɛwɔ yɛn mu a yɛfrɛ no pathogens tumi de yareɛ ba. Nhwɛsoɔ, sɛ yɛn nkwammoa no ntumi nni dwuma yie a ɛtumi de nyarewa pii bi te sɛ immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies ne autoimmune disorders brɛ yɛn. Wɔ nnipa fam no, yareɛ yɛ tebea bi a obi kɔ mu a ɛde yaw, nnipadua no nni dwuma yie, ɔbrɛ, ne ɔhaw a ɛwɔ mpɔtam anaa owuo brɛ nea wanya yareɛ no, anaa wɔn a wɔbɛn saa nnipa no nso bɛtumi anya saa ɔhaw no bi. Ɛtumi yɛ pira, dɛm, nnoɔma ntorɔ yie wɔ nnipadua nom, syndrome, nsanyareɛ, nsɛnkyerɛnne a ate ne ho, suban bɔne, saa ara nso na wɔ nsɛm foforɔ mu ne botaeɛ foforɔ mu no ɛbɛtumi a nkyekyɛmu a wobɛtumi akyerɛ mu ama yɛahunu no nsonsonoeɛ. Nyarewa tumi yɛ adwene no nnyɛ nnipadua no nkoa, sɛ wonya yareɛ na ɛtena wo mu a ɛtumi de ɔhaw abrɛ nea yareɛ no wɔ no so. Sɛ obi yare na ɛnam so ma no wu a wɔfrɛ no owupa. Yɛwɔ nyarewa ahodoɔ nan, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases ne non-genetic hereditary diseases), ne physiological diseases. Wobɛtumi akyekyɛ nyarewa wɔ akwan pii bi so te sɛ yareɛ a ɛsane ne nea ɛnsan.Yareɛ a ɛyɛ hu paa ne coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease ne lower respiratory infections.<ref>https://www.who.int/features/qa/18/en/</ref> Wɔ aman a atu mpɔn mu no, yareɛ aba nnipa so paa ara neare neuropsychiatric conditions, bi te sɛ dɔbrɛ ne adwene mu haw. Pathology yɛ ɔkwan a yɛfa so su nyarewa, a etiology adesua ne nea ɛde ba ka ho. == Edin Ahodoɔ == '''concept''' Wɔ nnoɔma pii mu no, edin te sɛ ''disease'', ''disorder'', ''morbidity'', ''sickness'' and ''illness di dwuma wɔ berɛ biara wɔpɛ; nanso yɛwɔ baabi a yɛde edin pɔtee bi nkoa di dwuma wɔ hɔ .''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100528085547/http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih5/Mental/other/glossary.htm</ref> '''Yareɛ''' Yareɛ nkyerɛaseɛ ne tebea bi ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma yie. Ne saa nti, nyarewa a ɛmma nnipadua no nni dwuma sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ no bɛyɛ homeostatic.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121025044155/http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/homeostasis/index.cfm</ref> Wɔde edin no gyina hɔ ma nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ nyinasoɔ yareɛ a ɛfiri pathogenic microbial bi te viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, ne aberrant proteins a wɔfrɛ no prions. Nsanyadeɛ a ɛma yɛ adanseɛ biara te sɛ, mmoawammoawa bi aba gut no mu anaasɛ mmoa bi a ɛwuraa nnipadua no mu no nyɛ yareɛ. Nea ɛda nso ne sɛ nsanyareɛ a ɛyɛ asymptomatic wɔ berɛ a yareɛ no hyɛaseyno, nanso na ɛwɔ sɛ ɔho nsɛnkyerɛnne no ba akyire na yɛfrɛ no nyareo. Yareɛ a ɛnsan yɛ nyarewa foforɔ a kokoram, akoma mu yareɛ ne genetic disease ka ho. '''Yareɛ a yɛnya firi baabi''' Yareɛ a yɛnya hyɛ aseɛ firi yɛn abrabɔ mu, yareɛ a yɛnya firi awoɔ mu a ɛyɛ congenital disease. Woanya kyerɛ sɛ"wanya yareɛ a ɛsan", nanso ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya yareɛ bi wɔ awoɔ mu. Ɛtumi yɛ sɛ yareɛ a ɛnsan nanso yareɛ a yɛnya no yɛ nketewa. '''Acute disease''' Yareɛ a ano yɛ den no yɛ adeɛ a ɛba a ɛnkyɛ; edin tumi ma nkyereaseɛ traa. '''Chronic condition or chronic disease''' Yareɛ koankorɔ yɛ yareɛ a ɛkyɛ bɛyɛ bosome nsia nanso ɛda yareɛ bi a ɛwɔ sɛ ɛtena nnipadua no mu ne nkwa nna nyinaa. '''Congenital disorder or congenital disease''' Congenital disorder yɛ yareɛ a ɛba wɔ bɛ a yɛawo obi. Ɛyɛ yareɛ a ɛwɔ abusua mu a ɛtumi nya obi. Ɛbɛtumi ayɛ sɛ maame no de yareɛ no bɛma abɔfra no, yareɛ bi te sɛ HIV/AIDS oe0fsh9qbtd8mggeephsv1fd5kx5g5a Nhwɛsoɔ:Global Open Initiative/Twi Terminologies/entries 10 12259 132628 132596 2022-07-28T17:38:11Z Afriyie34 10662 /* Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies) */ wikitext text/x-wiki =='''Entries'''== *''Type '''<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>''' next to the article(s) '''you have worked on''' and click '''publish changes'''.'' *A facilitator will review '''Twi Wikipedia, Wikicommons and Wikidata items''' and add {{Wei}} If the entry worked on meets the rules. =='''Mmarahyɛbadwam ho nsɛm (Parliamentary related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Elections]] - [[Abatoɔ]] # [[:en:Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie]] [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:11, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Member of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwani]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Law]] - [[Mmara]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:37, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Constitution]] - [[Amanmmara]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:10, 16 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Speaker of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie Kasamafoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:29, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice]] - [[Atɛntenee]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:00, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Corruption]] - [[Porɔɛe]] # [[:en: Bribery]] - [[Kɛtɛasehyɛ]] # [[:en: Constituency]] - [[Mpasua]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Amendment]] - [[Nsakraeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:58, 8 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en: President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en: Appoint]] - [[Y'apaw Obi]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] '''2.6marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Bylaws]] - [[Mmaranketewa]] # [[:en: Minister]] - [[Mansoafoɔ]] # [[:en:Minority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kumaa]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]]'''3.5marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Majority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:21, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛmdibia]] # [[:en:Minority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm Kumaa Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2.8marks''' [[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''0.6marks'''{{not done}} # [[:en:Majority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democracy]] - [[Kabi-Ma-Menkabi]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Prime Minister]] - [[Man soafo panyin]] # [[:en:Municipality ]] - [[Munisipal]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:01, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:District]] - [[Mansini]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Deputy Minister]] - [[Soafo Abadiakyiri]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Politician]] - [[Amammuifo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:57, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Political Party]] - [[Amanyɔ kuo]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:13, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:New Patriotic Party]] - [[New Patriotic Party (NPP)]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:20, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks {{done}} # [[:en:Republic]] - [[Adehyeman]] # [[:en:National Democratic Congress]] - [[National Democratic Congress (NDC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:19, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks'''{{done}} # [[:en:Convention People's Party]] - [[Convention People's Party (CPP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:05, 23 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:People's National Convention]] - [[People's National Convention (PNC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:47, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:All People's Congress]] - [[All People's Congress (APC)]] # [[:en:Democratic Freedom Party]] - [[Democratic Freedom Party (DFP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:39, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democratic People's Party]] - [[Democratic People's Party (DPP)]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party]] - [[Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party(EGLEP)]] # [[:en:Great Consolidated Popular Party]] - [[Great Consolidated Popular Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''0.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Democratic Republican Party]] - [[Ghana Democratic Republican Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:27, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Freedom Party]] - [[Ghana Freedom Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:18, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana National Party]] - [[Ghana National Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:29, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Union Movement]] - [[Ghana Union Movement]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:57, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Liberal Party of Ghana]] - [[Liberal Party of Ghana]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Democratic Party ]] - [[National Democratic Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:42, 6 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Reform Party]] - [[National Reform Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:23, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:New Vision Party ]] - [[New Vision Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party ]] - [[People's Action Party ]] # [[:en:People's Destiny Party]] - [[People's Destiny Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:33, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Power Unity Party]] - [[Power Unity Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:06, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Progressive People's Party]] - [[Progressive People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Reformed Patriotic Democrats]] - [[Reformed Patriotic Democrats]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Democratic Party]] - [[United Democratic Party]] # [[:en:United Development System Party]] - [[United Development System Party]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Front Party]] - [[United Front Party]] # [[:en:United Ghana Movement]] - [[United Ghana Movement]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Progressive Party]] - [[United Progressive Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Renaissance Party]] - [[United Renaissance Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:17, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Yes People's Party]] - [[Yes People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:57, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Redevelopment Party]] - [[Ghana Redevelopment Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Independent People's Party]] - [[Independent People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:37, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Convention Party]] - [[National Convention Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:31, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:National Independence Party ]] - [[National Independence Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:59, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Convention Party ]] - [[People's Convention Party ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:35, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''1.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Heritage Party ]] - [[People's Heritage Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Love Party ]] - [[United Love Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:45, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Action Congress Party]] - [[Action Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.3marks {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Party]] - [[All People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:04, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's National Party]] - [[People's National Party]] # [[:en:Popular Front Party]] - [[Popular Front Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Social Democratic Front ]] - [[Social Democratic Front ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:41, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Third Force Party]] - [[Third Force Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:United National Convention ]] - [[United National Convention ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:18, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Republican Party ]] - [[All People's Republican Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:47, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice Party ]] - [[Justice Party ]] # [[:en:National Alliance of Liberals]] - [[National Alliance of Liberals]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party]] [[People's Action Party]] # [[:en:Progress Party]] - [[Progress Party]] # [[:en:United Nationalist Party ]] - [[United Nationalist Party ]] # [[:en:United Party ]] - [[United Party ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:08, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Gold Coast Convention]] - [[United Gold Coast Convention]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Anlo Youth Organization]] - [[Anlo Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Federation of Youth Organization]] - [[Federation of Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Congress Party]] - [[Ghana Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:14, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) - [[Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Liberation Movement ]] - [[National Liberation Movement ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:44, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Northern People's Party ]] - [[Northern People's Party ]] # [[:en:Togoland Congress]] - [[Togoland Congress]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:31, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Greater Accra Region]] - [[Greater Accra Region]] # [[:en:Eastern Region]] - [[Eastern Region]] # [[:en:Ahafo Region]] - [[Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:38, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ashanti Region]] - [[Ashanti Region]] # [[:en:Bono East Region]] - [[Bono East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Brong Ahafo Region]] - [[Brong Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:S A Habadah|Nkitahode beaɛ]])[[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Central Region]] - [[Central Region]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:North-East Region]] - [[North-East Region]] # [[:en:Northern Region]] - [[Northern Region]] # [[:en:Oti Region]] - [[Oti Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Savannah Region]] - [[Savannah Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper East Region]] - [[Upper East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper West Region]] - [[Upper West Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Western Region]] - [[Western Region]] # [[:en:Western North Region]] - [[Western North Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Volta Region]] - [[Volta Region]] # [[:en:Kumasi]] - [[Kumasi]] # [[:en:Sunyani]] - [[Sunyani]] # [[:en:Techiman]] - [[Techiman]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:17, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks {{not done}} # [[:en:Goaso]] - [[Goaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Cape Coast]] - [[Cape Coast]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:32, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Kofiridua]] - [[Kofiridua]] # [[:en:Accra]] - [[Accra]] # [[:en:Tamale]] - [[Tamale]] # [[:en:Damongo]] - [[Damongo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}}} # [[:en:Nalerigu]] - [[Nalerigu]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Bolgatanga]] - [[Bolgatanga]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:37, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wa]] - [[Wa]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:36, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ho]] - [[Ho]] # [[:en:Dambai]] - [[Dambai]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Takoradi]] - [[Takoradi]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wiawso]] - [[Wiawso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} =='''Adwuma ho nsɛmfua (Work related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Teacher]] - [[Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni]] [[Dwumadini: Christian|Christian]] # [[:en:Farmer]] - [[Ɔkuani]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:17, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blacksmith]] - [[Ɔtomfoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:36, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en: Boxer]] - [[Akuturukubɔfoɔ]] # [[:en:Butcher]] - [[Nankwaaseni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:26, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Banker]] - [[Sikakorabea adwumayɛni]] # [[:en:Wood worker]] - [[Dua dwomfoɔ]] # [[:en:Doctor]] - [[Ɔyaresafoɔ /Dokota]] # [[:en:Driver]] - [[Ɔhyenkani /Ɔhyenkafoɔ]] # [[:en:Judge]] - [[Ɔtenmuafoɔ ]] # [[:en:Jury]] - [[Apamfoɔ]] # [[:en:Lawyer]] - [[Mmaranimni]] # [[:en:Mason]] - [[Ɔdansifoɔ]] # [[:en:Nurse]] - [[Ayaresadwumamu boafoɔ / Nɛɛse]] # [[:en:Pharmacist]] - [[Oduyɛfoɔ]] # [[:en:President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en:Fashion designer]] - [[Adepamni]] # [[:en:Seamstress]] - [[Ɔbaa adepamni]] # [[:en:Secretary]] - [[Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:48, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Security]] - [[Ɔwɛnfoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:18, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trader]] - [[Ɔdwadini]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:55, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Secondary School]] - [[Ntoasoɔ Sukuu]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:11, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:University]] - [[Suapɔn]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:22, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Family]] - [[Abusua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:16, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family member]] - [[Abusuani]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:18, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family head]] - [[Abusuapanin]] # [[:en:Parents]] - [[Awofoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:49, 25 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Man]] - [[ɔbarima]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) # [[:en:Woman]] - [[ɔbaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Father]] - [[Agya]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:52, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Mother]] - [[Maame]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:29, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Baby]] - [[Akwadaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:27, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Siblings]] - [[Anuanom]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:38, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sister]] - [[Nua baa]] # [[:en:Brother]] - [[Nua bɛrima]] # [[:en:Grandmother]] - [[Nana baa]] # [[:en:Grandfather]] - [[Nana bɛrima]] # [[:en:Sister-inlaw]] - [[Akumaa]] # [[:en:Rivals]] - [[Akorafoɔ]] # [[:en:Boy]] - [[Abɛrimaa]] # [[:en:Girl]] - [[Abaayewa]] # [[:en:Widow]] - [[Okunafoɔ]] # [[:en:Son]] - [[ɔbabɛrima]] # [[:en:Daugther]] - [[ɔbabaa]] # [[:en:Adopted child]] - [[Abanoma]] # [[:en:Orphan]] - [[Agyanka]] # [[:en:Twins]] - [[Ntaafoɔ]] # [[:en:Triplet]] - [[Ahenasa]] # [[:en:Friendship]] - [[Adamfofa]] # [[:en:Dating]] - [[Mpenatweɛ]] # [[:en:Royal]] - [[Dehyeɛ]] # [[:en:Old man]] - [[Akɔkora]] # [[:en:Old woman]] - [[Aberewa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Firstborn child]] - [[Piesie]] # [[:en:Lastborn child]] - [[Kaakyire]] # [[:en:Young woman]] - [[Ababaawa]] # [[:en:Young man]] - [[Abranteɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:08, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Health]] - [[Apowmuden]] # [[:en:Sickness]] - [[Yareɛ]] # [[:en:Diseases]] - [[Nyarewa]] # [[:en:Hospital]] - [[Ayaresabea]][[Dwumadini:Antwiaa1996|Antwiaa1996]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Antwiaa1996|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:11, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Syringe]] - [[Paneɛ]] # [[:en:Medicine]] - [[Aduro]] # [[:en:Herbalist]] - [[Odunsini]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Itch]] - [[Ahokeka]] # [[:en:Whooping cough]] - [[Nsamanwa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Headache]] - [[Tipayɛ]] # [[:en:Stomach ache]] - [[Yafunu yareɛ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Constipation]] - [[Ayamtim]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Diabetes]] - [[Asikyireyareɛ]] # [[:en:Cholera]] - [[Ayamtunini/Kɔlera]] # [[:en:Goiter]] - [[Kɔmpɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:23, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:22, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Gonorrhea]] - [[Babaso]] # [[:en:Cancer]] - [[Kokoram]] # [[:en:Rheumatism]] - [[Sasabrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Convulsion]] - [[Asensene]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Asthma]] - [[Ntehyeewa]] # [[:en:Cripple]] - [[Bafan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muteness]] - [[Emum]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:55, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blindness]] - [[Anifra]] # [[:en:Kwashiokor]] - [[Kwashiokor]] # [[:en:Malaria]] - [[Atiridii yare]] # [[:en:Paralysis]] - [[Mmubuo]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Vomitting]] - [[Ɛfeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Hypertension]] - [[Mogyamorosoɔ]] # [[:en:Ulcer]] - [[Ayamkuro]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Stroke]] - [[Nnwodwoeɛ]] # [[:en:Measles]] - [[Ntoboro]] # [[:en:Eczema]] - [[Ɛkrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rashes]] - [[Nsawansawa]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ringworm]] - [[Kakawirewire]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:45, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies)'''== Environmental related # [[:en:Buildings]] - [[Adan]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:10, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trees]] - [[Nnua]] # [[:en:Flowers]] - [[Nhweren]] # [[:en:Animals]] - [[Mmoa]] # [[:en:Humans]] - [[Nnipa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:32, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Clouds]] - [[Ewiem]] # [[:en:Air]] - [[Nframa]] # [[:en:Machines]] - [[Afidie]] # [[:en:River]] - [[Nsutene]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sea]] - [[Ɛpo]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Car]] - [[Ɛhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Train]] - [[Keteke]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Canoe]] - [[Kudoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ship ]] - [[Suhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Aircraft/aeroplane]] - [[Wiemhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Airport]] - [[Wiemhyɛn gyinabea]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:27, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Port/harbor]] - [[Suhyɛn gyinabea]] # [[:en:Train station]] - [[Keteke gyinabea]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Forest]] - [[Kwaeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛm dibea]] # [[:en:Church building]] - [[Asɔre dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Church]] - [[Asɔre]] # [[:en:Mosque]] - [[Nkramosom dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muslim]] - [[Nkramoni]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Islam]] - [[Nkramosom]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christian]] - [[Kristoni]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christianity]] - [[Kristosom]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rainbow]] - [[Nyankontɔn]] # [[:en:Gun]] - [[Etuo]] # [[:en:Water]] - [[Nsuo]] # [[:en:Railway]] - [[Keteke kwan]] # [[:en:Road]] - [[Lɔre kwan]] # [[:en:Stadium]] - [[Agoprama]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Market]] - [[Aguaso]] # [[:en:Land]] - [[Asaase]] # [[:en:Mountain]] - [[Bepɔ]] # [[:en:Sun]] - [[Awia]] # [[:en:Moon]] - [[Bosome]] # [[:en:Star]] - [[Nsoroma]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Birds]] - [[Nnomaa]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:39, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) 2jsv2p75ep0kg1g0clikbvvuj1kq52m 132655 132628 2022-07-28T18:56:08Z Afriyie34 10662 /* Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies) */Me de me din tɔ ho wikitext text/x-wiki =='''Entries'''== *''Type '''<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>''' next to the article(s) '''you have worked on''' and click '''publish changes'''.'' *A facilitator will review '''Twi Wikipedia, Wikicommons and Wikidata items''' and add {{Wei}} If the entry worked on meets the rules. =='''Mmarahyɛbadwam ho nsɛm (Parliamentary related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Elections]] - [[Abatoɔ]] # [[:en:Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie]] [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:11, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Member of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwani]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Law]] - [[Mmara]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:37, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Constitution]] - [[Amanmmara]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:10, 16 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Speaker of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie Kasamafoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:29, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice]] - [[Atɛntenee]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:00, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Corruption]] - [[Porɔɛe]] # [[:en: Bribery]] - [[Kɛtɛasehyɛ]] # [[:en: Constituency]] - [[Mpasua]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Amendment]] - [[Nsakraeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:58, 8 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en: President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en: Appoint]] - [[Y'apaw Obi]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] '''2.6marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Bylaws]] - [[Mmaranketewa]] # [[:en: Minister]] - [[Mansoafoɔ]] # [[:en:Minority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kumaa]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]]'''3.5marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Majority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:21, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛmdibia]] # [[:en:Minority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm Kumaa Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2.8marks''' [[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''0.6marks'''{{not done}} # [[:en:Majority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democracy]] - [[Kabi-Ma-Menkabi]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Prime Minister]] - [[Man soafo panyin]] # [[:en:Municipality ]] - [[Munisipal]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:01, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:District]] - [[Mansini]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Deputy Minister]] - [[Soafo Abadiakyiri]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Politician]] - [[Amammuifo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:57, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Political Party]] - [[Amanyɔ kuo]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:13, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:New Patriotic Party]] - [[New Patriotic Party (NPP)]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:20, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks {{done}} # [[:en:Republic]] - [[Adehyeman]] # [[:en:National Democratic Congress]] - [[National Democratic Congress (NDC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:19, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks'''{{done}} # [[:en:Convention People's Party]] - [[Convention People's Party (CPP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:05, 23 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:People's National Convention]] - [[People's National Convention (PNC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:47, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:All People's Congress]] - [[All People's Congress (APC)]] # [[:en:Democratic Freedom Party]] - [[Democratic Freedom Party (DFP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:39, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democratic People's Party]] - [[Democratic People's Party (DPP)]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party]] - [[Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party(EGLEP)]] # [[:en:Great Consolidated Popular Party]] - [[Great Consolidated Popular Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''0.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Democratic Republican Party]] - [[Ghana Democratic Republican Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:27, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Freedom Party]] - [[Ghana Freedom Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:18, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana National Party]] - [[Ghana National Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:29, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Union Movement]] - [[Ghana Union Movement]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:57, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Liberal Party of Ghana]] - [[Liberal Party of Ghana]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Democratic Party ]] - [[National Democratic Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:42, 6 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Reform Party]] - [[National Reform Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:23, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:New Vision Party ]] - [[New Vision Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party ]] - [[People's Action Party ]] # [[:en:People's Destiny Party]] - [[People's Destiny Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:33, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Power Unity Party]] - [[Power Unity Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:06, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Progressive People's Party]] - [[Progressive People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Reformed Patriotic Democrats]] - [[Reformed Patriotic Democrats]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Democratic Party]] - [[United Democratic Party]] # [[:en:United Development System Party]] - [[United Development System Party]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Front Party]] - [[United Front Party]] # [[:en:United Ghana Movement]] - [[United Ghana Movement]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Progressive Party]] - [[United Progressive Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Renaissance Party]] - [[United Renaissance Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:17, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Yes People's Party]] - [[Yes People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:57, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Redevelopment Party]] - [[Ghana Redevelopment Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Independent People's Party]] - [[Independent People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:37, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Convention Party]] - [[National Convention Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:31, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:National Independence Party ]] - [[National Independence Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:59, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Convention Party ]] - [[People's Convention Party ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:35, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''1.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Heritage Party ]] - [[People's Heritage Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Love Party ]] - [[United Love Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:45, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Action Congress Party]] - [[Action Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.3marks {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Party]] - [[All People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:04, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's National Party]] - [[People's National Party]] # [[:en:Popular Front Party]] - [[Popular Front Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Social Democratic Front ]] - [[Social Democratic Front ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:41, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Third Force Party]] - [[Third Force Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:United National Convention ]] - [[United National Convention ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:18, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Republican Party ]] - [[All People's Republican Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:47, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice Party ]] - [[Justice Party ]] # [[:en:National Alliance of Liberals]] - [[National Alliance of Liberals]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party]] [[People's Action Party]] # [[:en:Progress Party]] - [[Progress Party]] # [[:en:United Nationalist Party ]] - [[United Nationalist Party ]] # [[:en:United Party ]] - [[United Party ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:08, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Gold Coast Convention]] - [[United Gold Coast Convention]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Anlo Youth Organization]] - [[Anlo Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Federation of Youth Organization]] - [[Federation of Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Congress Party]] - [[Ghana Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:14, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) - [[Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Liberation Movement ]] - [[National Liberation Movement ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:44, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Northern People's Party ]] - [[Northern People's Party ]] # [[:en:Togoland Congress]] - [[Togoland Congress]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:31, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Greater Accra Region]] - [[Greater Accra Region]] # [[:en:Eastern Region]] - [[Eastern Region]] # [[:en:Ahafo Region]] - [[Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:38, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ashanti Region]] - [[Ashanti Region]] # [[:en:Bono East Region]] - [[Bono East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Brong Ahafo Region]] - [[Brong Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:S A Habadah|Nkitahode beaɛ]])[[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Central Region]] - [[Central Region]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:North-East Region]] - [[North-East Region]] # [[:en:Northern Region]] - [[Northern Region]] # [[:en:Oti Region]] - [[Oti Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Savannah Region]] - [[Savannah Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper East Region]] - [[Upper East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper West Region]] - [[Upper West Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Western Region]] - [[Western Region]] # [[:en:Western North Region]] - [[Western North Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Volta Region]] - [[Volta Region]] # [[:en:Kumasi]] - [[Kumasi]] # [[:en:Sunyani]] - [[Sunyani]] # [[:en:Techiman]] - [[Techiman]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:17, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks {{not done}} # [[:en:Goaso]] - [[Goaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Cape Coast]] - [[Cape Coast]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:32, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Kofiridua]] - [[Kofiridua]] # [[:en:Accra]] - [[Accra]] # [[:en:Tamale]] - [[Tamale]] # [[:en:Damongo]] - [[Damongo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}}} # [[:en:Nalerigu]] - [[Nalerigu]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Bolgatanga]] - [[Bolgatanga]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:37, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wa]] - [[Wa]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:36, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ho]] - [[Ho]] # [[:en:Dambai]] - [[Dambai]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Takoradi]] - [[Takoradi]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wiawso]] - [[Wiawso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} =='''Adwuma ho nsɛmfua (Work related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Teacher]] - [[Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni]] [[Dwumadini: Christian|Christian]] # [[:en:Farmer]] - [[Ɔkuani]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:17, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blacksmith]] - [[Ɔtomfoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:36, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en: Boxer]] - [[Akuturukubɔfoɔ]] # [[:en:Butcher]] - [[Nankwaaseni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:26, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Banker]] - [[Sikakorabea adwumayɛni]] # [[:en:Wood worker]] - [[Dua dwomfoɔ]] # [[:en:Doctor]] - [[Ɔyaresafoɔ /Dokota]] # [[:en:Driver]] - [[Ɔhyenkani /Ɔhyenkafoɔ]] # [[:en:Judge]] - [[Ɔtenmuafoɔ ]] # [[:en:Jury]] - [[Apamfoɔ]] # [[:en:Lawyer]] - [[Mmaranimni]] # [[:en:Mason]] - [[Ɔdansifoɔ]] # [[:en:Nurse]] - [[Ayaresadwumamu boafoɔ / Nɛɛse]] # [[:en:Pharmacist]] - [[Oduyɛfoɔ]] # [[:en:President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en:Fashion designer]] - [[Adepamni]] # [[:en:Seamstress]] - [[Ɔbaa adepamni]] # [[:en:Secretary]] - [[Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:48, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Security]] - [[Ɔwɛnfoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:18, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trader]] - [[Ɔdwadini]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:55, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Secondary School]] - [[Ntoasoɔ Sukuu]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:11, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:University]] - [[Suapɔn]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:22, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Family]] - [[Abusua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:16, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family member]] - [[Abusuani]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:18, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family head]] - [[Abusuapanin]] # [[:en:Parents]] - [[Awofoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:49, 25 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Man]] - [[ɔbarima]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) # [[:en:Woman]] - [[ɔbaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Father]] - [[Agya]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:52, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Mother]] - [[Maame]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:29, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Baby]] - [[Akwadaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:27, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Siblings]] - [[Anuanom]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:38, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sister]] - [[Nua baa]] # [[:en:Brother]] - [[Nua bɛrima]] # [[:en:Grandmother]] - [[Nana baa]] # [[:en:Grandfather]] - [[Nana bɛrima]] # [[:en:Sister-inlaw]] - [[Akumaa]] # [[:en:Rivals]] - [[Akorafoɔ]] # [[:en:Boy]] - [[Abɛrimaa]] # [[:en:Girl]] - [[Abaayewa]] # [[:en:Widow]] - [[Okunafoɔ]] # [[:en:Son]] - [[ɔbabɛrima]] # [[:en:Daugther]] - [[ɔbabaa]] # [[:en:Adopted child]] - [[Abanoma]] # [[:en:Orphan]] - [[Agyanka]] # [[:en:Twins]] - [[Ntaafoɔ]] # [[:en:Triplet]] - [[Ahenasa]] # [[:en:Friendship]] - [[Adamfofa]] # [[:en:Dating]] - [[Mpenatweɛ]] # [[:en:Royal]] - [[Dehyeɛ]] # [[:en:Old man]] - [[Akɔkora]] # [[:en:Old woman]] - [[Aberewa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Firstborn child]] - [[Piesie]] # [[:en:Lastborn child]] - [[Kaakyire]] # [[:en:Young woman]] - [[Ababaawa]] # [[:en:Young man]] - [[Abranteɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:08, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Health]] - [[Apowmuden]] # [[:en:Sickness]] - [[Yareɛ]] # [[:en:Diseases]] - [[Nyarewa]] # [[:en:Hospital]] - [[Ayaresabea]][[Dwumadini:Antwiaa1996|Antwiaa1996]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Antwiaa1996|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:11, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Syringe]] - [[Paneɛ]] # [[:en:Medicine]] - [[Aduro]] # [[:en:Herbalist]] - [[Odunsini]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Itch]] - [[Ahokeka]] # [[:en:Whooping cough]] - [[Nsamanwa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Headache]] - [[Tipayɛ]] # [[:en:Stomach ache]] - [[Yafunu yareɛ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Constipation]] - [[Ayamtim]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Diabetes]] - [[Asikyireyareɛ]] # [[:en:Cholera]] - [[Ayamtunini/Kɔlera]] # [[:en:Goiter]] - [[Kɔmpɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:23, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:22, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Gonorrhea]] - [[Babaso]] # [[:en:Cancer]] - [[Kokoram]] # [[:en:Rheumatism]] - [[Sasabrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Convulsion]] - [[Asensene]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Asthma]] - [[Ntehyeewa]] # [[:en:Cripple]] - [[Bafan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muteness]] - [[Emum]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:55, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blindness]] - [[Anifra]] # [[:en:Kwashiokor]] - [[Kwashiokor]] # [[:en:Malaria]] - [[Atiridii yare]] # [[:en:Paralysis]] - [[Mmubuo]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Vomitting]] - [[Ɛfeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Hypertension]] - [[Mogyamorosoɔ]] # [[:en:Ulcer]] - [[Ayamkuro]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Stroke]] - [[Nnwodwoeɛ]] # [[:en:Measles]] - [[Ntoboro]] # [[:en:Eczema]] - [[Ɛkrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rashes]] - [[Nsawansawa]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ringworm]] - [[Kakawirewire]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:45, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies)'''== Environmental related # [[:en:Buildings]] - [[Adan]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:10, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trees]] - [[Nnua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Flowers]] - [[Nhweren]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Animals]] - [[Mmoa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Humans]] - [[Nnipa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:32, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Clouds]] - [[Ewiem]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Air]] - [[Nframa]] # [[:en:Machines]] - [[Afidie]] # [[:en:River]] - [[Nsutene]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sea]] - [[Ɛpo]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Car]] - [[Ɛhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Train]] - [[Keteke]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Canoe]] - [[Kudoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ship ]] - [[Suhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Aircraft/aeroplane]] - [[Wiemhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Airport]] - [[Wiemhyɛn gyinabea]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:27, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Port/harbor]] - [[Suhyɛn gyinabea]] # [[:en:Train station]] - [[Keteke gyinabea]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Forest]] - [[Kwaeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛm dibea]] # [[:en:Church building]] - [[Asɔre dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Church]] - [[Asɔre]] # [[:en:Mosque]] - [[Nkramosom dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muslim]] - [[Nkramoni]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Islam]] - [[Nkramosom]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christian]] - [[Kristoni]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christianity]] - [[Kristosom]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rainbow]] - [[Nyankontɔn]] # [[:en:Gun]] - [[Etuo]] # [[:en:Water]] - [[Nsuo]] # [[:en:Railway]] - [[Keteke kwan]] # [[:en:Road]] - [[Lɔre kwan]] # [[:en:Stadium]] - [[Agoprama]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Market]] - [[Aguaso]] # [[:en:Land]] - [[Asaase]] # [[:en:Mountain]] - [[Bepɔ]] # [[:en:Sun]] - [[Awia]] # [[:en:Moon]] - [[Bosome]] # [[:en:Star]] - [[Nsoroma]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Birds]] - [[Nnomaa]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:39, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) dphtfreqh9s6mc3cge0t1996oee1d5b 132662 132655 2022-07-28T20:05:51Z AC Krah 10338 /* Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies) */ wikitext text/x-wiki =='''Entries'''== *''Type '''<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>''' next to the article(s) '''you have worked on''' and click '''publish changes'''.'' *A facilitator will review '''Twi Wikipedia, Wikicommons and Wikidata items''' and add {{Wei}} If the entry worked on meets the rules. =='''Mmarahyɛbadwam ho nsɛm (Parliamentary related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Elections]] - [[Abatoɔ]] # [[:en:Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie]] [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:11, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Member of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwani]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Law]] - [[Mmara]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:37, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Constitution]] - [[Amanmmara]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:10, 16 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Speaker of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie Kasamafoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:29, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice]] - [[Atɛntenee]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:00, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Corruption]] - [[Porɔɛe]] # [[:en: Bribery]] - [[Kɛtɛasehyɛ]] # [[:en: Constituency]] - [[Mpasua]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Amendment]] - [[Nsakraeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:58, 8 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en: President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en: Appoint]] - [[Y'apaw Obi]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] '''2.6marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Bylaws]] - [[Mmaranketewa]] # [[:en: Minister]] - [[Mansoafoɔ]] # [[:en:Minority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kumaa]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]]'''3.5marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Majority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:21, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛmdibia]] # [[:en:Minority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm Kumaa Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2.8marks''' [[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''0.6marks'''{{not done}} # [[:en:Majority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democracy]] - [[Kabi-Ma-Menkabi]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Prime Minister]] - [[Man soafo panyin]] # [[:en:Municipality ]] - [[Munisipal]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:01, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:District]] - [[Mansini]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Deputy Minister]] - [[Soafo Abadiakyiri]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Politician]] - [[Amammuifo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:57, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Political Party]] - [[Amanyɔ kuo]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:13, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:New Patriotic Party]] - [[New Patriotic Party (NPP)]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:20, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks {{done}} # [[:en:Republic]] - [[Adehyeman]] # [[:en:National Democratic Congress]] - [[National Democratic Congress (NDC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:19, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks'''{{done}} # [[:en:Convention People's Party]] - [[Convention People's Party (CPP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:05, 23 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:People's National Convention]] - [[People's National Convention (PNC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:47, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:All People's Congress]] - [[All People's Congress (APC)]] # [[:en:Democratic Freedom Party]] - [[Democratic Freedom Party (DFP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:39, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democratic People's Party]] - [[Democratic People's Party (DPP)]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party]] - [[Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party(EGLEP)]] # [[:en:Great Consolidated Popular Party]] - [[Great Consolidated Popular Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''0.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Democratic Republican Party]] - [[Ghana Democratic Republican Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:27, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Freedom Party]] - [[Ghana Freedom Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:18, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana National Party]] - [[Ghana National Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:29, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Union Movement]] - [[Ghana Union Movement]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:57, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Liberal Party of Ghana]] - [[Liberal Party of Ghana]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Democratic Party ]] - [[National Democratic Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:42, 6 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Reform Party]] - [[National Reform Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:23, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:New Vision Party ]] - [[New Vision Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party ]] - [[People's Action Party ]] # [[:en:People's Destiny Party]] - [[People's Destiny Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:33, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Power Unity Party]] - [[Power Unity Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:06, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Progressive People's Party]] - [[Progressive People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Reformed Patriotic Democrats]] - [[Reformed Patriotic Democrats]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Democratic Party]] - [[United Democratic Party]] # [[:en:United Development System Party]] - [[United Development System Party]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Front Party]] - [[United Front Party]] # [[:en:United Ghana Movement]] - [[United Ghana Movement]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Progressive Party]] - [[United Progressive Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Renaissance Party]] - [[United Renaissance Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:17, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Yes People's Party]] - [[Yes People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:57, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Redevelopment Party]] - [[Ghana Redevelopment Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Independent People's Party]] - [[Independent People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:37, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Convention Party]] - [[National Convention Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:31, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:National Independence Party ]] - [[National Independence Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:59, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Convention Party ]] - [[People's Convention Party ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:35, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''1.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Heritage Party ]] - [[People's Heritage Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Love Party ]] - [[United Love Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:45, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Action Congress Party]] - [[Action Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.3marks {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Party]] - [[All People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:04, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's National Party]] - [[People's National Party]] # [[:en:Popular Front Party]] - [[Popular Front Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Social Democratic Front ]] - [[Social Democratic Front ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:41, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Third Force Party]] - [[Third Force Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:United National Convention ]] - [[United National Convention ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:18, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Republican Party ]] - [[All People's Republican Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:47, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice Party ]] - [[Justice Party ]] # [[:en:National Alliance of Liberals]] - [[National Alliance of Liberals]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party]] [[People's Action Party]] # [[:en:Progress Party]] - [[Progress Party]] # [[:en:United Nationalist Party ]] - [[United Nationalist Party ]] # [[:en:United Party ]] - [[United Party ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:08, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Gold Coast Convention]] - [[United Gold Coast Convention]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Anlo Youth Organization]] - [[Anlo Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Federation of Youth Organization]] - [[Federation of Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Congress Party]] - [[Ghana Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:14, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) - [[Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Liberation Movement ]] - [[National Liberation Movement ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:44, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Northern People's Party ]] - [[Northern People's Party ]] # [[:en:Togoland Congress]] - [[Togoland Congress]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:31, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Greater Accra Region]] - [[Greater Accra Region]] # [[:en:Eastern Region]] - [[Eastern Region]] # [[:en:Ahafo Region]] - [[Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:38, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ashanti Region]] - [[Ashanti Region]] # [[:en:Bono East Region]] - [[Bono East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Brong Ahafo Region]] - [[Brong Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:S A Habadah|Nkitahode beaɛ]])[[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Central Region]] - [[Central Region]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:North-East Region]] - [[North-East Region]] # [[:en:Northern Region]] - [[Northern Region]] # [[:en:Oti Region]] - [[Oti Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Savannah Region]] - [[Savannah Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper East Region]] - [[Upper East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper West Region]] - [[Upper West Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Western Region]] - [[Western Region]] # [[:en:Western North Region]] - [[Western North Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Volta Region]] - [[Volta Region]] # [[:en:Kumasi]] - [[Kumasi]] # [[:en:Sunyani]] - [[Sunyani]] # [[:en:Techiman]] - [[Techiman]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:17, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks {{not done}} # [[:en:Goaso]] - [[Goaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Cape Coast]] - [[Cape Coast]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:32, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Kofiridua]] - [[Kofiridua]] # [[:en:Accra]] - [[Accra]] # [[:en:Tamale]] - [[Tamale]] # [[:en:Damongo]] - [[Damongo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}}} # [[:en:Nalerigu]] - [[Nalerigu]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Bolgatanga]] - [[Bolgatanga]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:37, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wa]] - [[Wa]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:36, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ho]] - [[Ho]] # [[:en:Dambai]] - [[Dambai]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Takoradi]] - [[Takoradi]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wiawso]] - [[Wiawso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} =='''Adwuma ho nsɛmfua (Work related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Teacher]] - [[Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni]] [[Dwumadini: Christian|Christian]] # [[:en:Farmer]] - [[Ɔkuani]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:17, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blacksmith]] - [[Ɔtomfoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:36, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en: Boxer]] - [[Akuturukubɔfoɔ]] # [[:en:Butcher]] - [[Nankwaaseni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:26, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Banker]] - [[Sikakorabea adwumayɛni]] # [[:en:Wood worker]] - [[Dua dwomfoɔ]] # [[:en:Doctor]] - [[Ɔyaresafoɔ /Dokota]] # [[:en:Driver]] - [[Ɔhyenkani /Ɔhyenkafoɔ]] # [[:en:Judge]] - [[Ɔtenmuafoɔ ]] # [[:en:Jury]] - [[Apamfoɔ]] # [[:en:Lawyer]] - [[Mmaranimni]] # [[:en:Mason]] - [[Ɔdansifoɔ]] # [[:en:Nurse]] - [[Ayaresadwumamu boafoɔ / Nɛɛse]] # [[:en:Pharmacist]] - [[Oduyɛfoɔ]] # [[:en:President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en:Fashion designer]] - [[Adepamni]] # [[:en:Seamstress]] - [[Ɔbaa adepamni]] # [[:en:Secretary]] - [[Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:48, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Security]] - [[Ɔwɛnfoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:18, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trader]] - [[Ɔdwadini]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:55, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Secondary School]] - [[Ntoasoɔ Sukuu]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:11, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:University]] - [[Suapɔn]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:22, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Family]] - [[Abusua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:16, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family member]] - [[Abusuani]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:18, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family head]] - [[Abusuapanin]] # [[:en:Parents]] - [[Awofoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:49, 25 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Man]] - [[ɔbarima]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) # [[:en:Woman]] - [[ɔbaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Father]] - [[Agya]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:52, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Mother]] - [[Maame]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:29, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Baby]] - [[Akwadaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:27, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Siblings]] - [[Anuanom]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:38, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sister]] - [[Nua baa]] # [[:en:Brother]] - [[Nua bɛrima]] # [[:en:Grandmother]] - [[Nana baa]] # [[:en:Grandfather]] - [[Nana bɛrima]] # [[:en:Sister-inlaw]] - [[Akumaa]] # [[:en:Rivals]] - [[Akorafoɔ]] # [[:en:Boy]] - [[Abɛrimaa]] # [[:en:Girl]] - [[Abaayewa]] # [[:en:Widow]] - [[Okunafoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Son]] - [[ɔbabɛrima]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Daugther]] - [[ɔbabaa]] # [[:en:Adopted child]] - [[Abanoma]] # [[:en:Orphan]] - [[Agyanka]] # [[:en:Twins]] - [[Ntaafoɔ]] # [[:en:Triplet]] - [[Ahenasa]] # [[:en:Friendship]] - [[Adamfofa]] # [[:en:Dating]] - [[Mpenatweɛ]] # [[:en:Royal]] - [[Dehyeɛ]] # [[:en:Old man]] - [[Akɔkora]] # [[:en:Old woman]] - [[Aberewa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Firstborn child]] - [[Piesie]] # [[:en:Lastborn child]] - [[Kaakyire]] # [[:en:Young woman]] - [[Ababaawa]] # [[:en:Young man]] - [[Abranteɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:08, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Health]] - [[Apowmuden]] # [[:en:Sickness]] - [[Yareɛ]] # [[:en:Diseases]] - [[Nyarewa]] # [[:en:Hospital]] - [[Ayaresabea]][[Dwumadini:Antwiaa1996|Antwiaa1996]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Antwiaa1996|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:11, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Syringe]] - [[Paneɛ]] # [[:en:Medicine]] - [[Aduro]] # [[:en:Herbalist]] - [[Odunsini]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Itch]] - [[Ahokeka]] # [[:en:Whooping cough]] - [[Nsamanwa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Headache]] - [[Tipayɛ]] # [[:en:Stomach ache]] - [[Yafunu yareɛ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Constipation]] - [[Ayamtim]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Diabetes]] - [[Asikyireyareɛ]] # [[:en:Cholera]] - [[Ayamtunini/Kɔlera]] # [[:en:Goiter]] - [[Kɔmpɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:23, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:22, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Gonorrhea]] - [[Babaso]] # [[:en:Cancer]] - [[Kokoram]] # [[:en:Rheumatism]] - [[Sasabrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Convulsion]] - [[Asensene]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Asthma]] - [[Ntehyeewa]] # [[:en:Cripple]] - [[Bafan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muteness]] - [[Emum]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:55, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blindness]] - [[Anifra]] # [[:en:Kwashiokor]] - [[Kwashiokor]] # [[:en:Malaria]] - [[Atiridii yare]] # [[:en:Paralysis]] - [[Mmubuo]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Vomitting]] - [[Ɛfeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Hypertension]] - [[Mogyamorosoɔ]] # [[:en:Ulcer]] - [[Ayamkuro]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Stroke]] - [[Nnwodwoeɛ]] # [[:en:Measles]] - [[Ntoboro]] # [[:en:Eczema]] - [[Ɛkrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rashes]] - [[Nsawansawa]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ringworm]] - [[Kakawirewire]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:45, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies)'''== Environmental related # [[:en:Buildings]] - [[Adan]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:10, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trees]] - [[Nnua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Flowers]] - [[Nhweren]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Animals]] - [[Mmoa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Humans]] - [[Nnipa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:32, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Clouds]] - [[Ewiem]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Air]] - [[Nframa]] # [[:en:Machines]] - [[Afidie]] # [[:en:River]] - [[Nsutene]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sea]] - [[Ɛpo]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Car]] - [[Ɛhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Train]] - [[Keteke]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Canoe]] - [[Kudoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ship ]] - [[Suhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Aircraft/aeroplane]] - [[Wiemhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Airport]] - [[Wiemhyɛn gyinabea]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:27, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Port/harbor]] - [[Suhyɛn gyinabea]] # [[:en:Train station]] - [[Keteke gyinabea]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Forest]] - [[Kwaeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛm dibea]] # [[:en:Church building]] - [[Asɔre dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Church]] - [[Asɔre]] # [[:en:Mosque]] - [[Nkramosom dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muslim]] - [[Nkramoni]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Islam]] - [[Nkramosom]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christian]] - [[Kristoni]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christianity]] - [[Kristosom]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rainbow]] - [[Nyankontɔn]] # [[:en:Gun]] - [[Etuo]] # [[:en:Water]] - [[Nsuo]] # [[:en:Railway]] - [[Keteke kwan]] # [[:en:Road]] - [[Lɔre kwan]] # [[:en:Stadium]] - [[Agoprama]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Market]] - [[Aguaso]] # [[:en:Land]] - [[Asaase]] # [[:en:Mountain]] - [[Bepɔ]] # [[:en:Sun]] - [[Awia]] # [[:en:Moon]] - [[Bosome]] # [[:en:Star]] - [[Nsoroma]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Birds]] - [[Nnomaa]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:39, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) 8gqm0rrvq8duvsifwyxus1qfjg5q8qs 132679 132662 2022-07-28T23:01:09Z AC Krah 10338 /* Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies) */ wikitext text/x-wiki =='''Entries'''== *''Type '''<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>''' next to the article(s) '''you have worked on''' and click '''publish changes'''.'' *A facilitator will review '''Twi Wikipedia, Wikicommons and Wikidata items''' and add {{Wei}} If the entry worked on meets the rules. =='''Mmarahyɛbadwam ho nsɛm (Parliamentary related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Elections]] - [[Abatoɔ]] # [[:en:Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie]] [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:11, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Member of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwani]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Law]] - [[Mmara]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:37, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Constitution]] - [[Amanmmara]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:10, 16 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Speaker of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie Kasamafoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:29, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice]] - [[Atɛntenee]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:00, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Corruption]] - [[Porɔɛe]] # [[:en: Bribery]] - [[Kɛtɛasehyɛ]] # [[:en: Constituency]] - [[Mpasua]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Amendment]] - [[Nsakraeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:58, 8 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en: President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en: Appoint]] - [[Y'apaw Obi]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] '''2.6marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Bylaws]] - [[Mmaranketewa]] # [[:en: Minister]] - [[Mansoafoɔ]] # [[:en:Minority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kumaa]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]]'''3.5marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Majority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:21, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛmdibia]] # [[:en:Minority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm Kumaa Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2.8marks''' [[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''0.6marks'''{{not done}} # [[:en:Majority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democracy]] - [[Kabi-Ma-Menkabi]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Prime Minister]] - [[Man soafo panyin]] # [[:en:Municipality ]] - [[Munisipal]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:01, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:District]] - [[Mansini]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Deputy Minister]] - [[Soafo Abadiakyiri]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Politician]] - [[Amammuifo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:57, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Political Party]] - [[Amanyɔ kuo]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:13, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:New Patriotic Party]] - [[New Patriotic Party (NPP)]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:20, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks {{done}} # [[:en:Republic]] - [[Adehyeman]] # [[:en:National Democratic Congress]] - [[National Democratic Congress (NDC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:19, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks'''{{done}} # [[:en:Convention People's Party]] - [[Convention People's Party (CPP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:05, 23 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:People's National Convention]] - [[People's National Convention (PNC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:47, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:All People's Congress]] - [[All People's Congress (APC)]] # [[:en:Democratic Freedom Party]] - [[Democratic Freedom Party (DFP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:39, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democratic People's Party]] - [[Democratic People's Party (DPP)]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party]] - [[Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party(EGLEP)]] # [[:en:Great Consolidated Popular Party]] - [[Great Consolidated Popular Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''0.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Democratic Republican Party]] - [[Ghana Democratic Republican Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:27, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Freedom Party]] - [[Ghana Freedom Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:18, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana National Party]] - [[Ghana National Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:29, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Union Movement]] - [[Ghana Union Movement]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:57, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Liberal Party of Ghana]] - [[Liberal Party of Ghana]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Democratic Party ]] - [[National Democratic Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:42, 6 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Reform Party]] - [[National Reform Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:23, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:New Vision Party ]] - [[New Vision Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party ]] - [[People's Action Party ]] # [[:en:People's Destiny Party]] - [[People's Destiny Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:33, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Power Unity Party]] - [[Power Unity Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:06, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Progressive People's Party]] - [[Progressive People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Reformed Patriotic Democrats]] - [[Reformed Patriotic Democrats]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Democratic Party]] - [[United Democratic Party]] # [[:en:United Development System Party]] - [[United Development System Party]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Front Party]] - [[United Front Party]] # [[:en:United Ghana Movement]] - [[United Ghana Movement]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Progressive Party]] - [[United Progressive Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Renaissance Party]] - [[United Renaissance Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:17, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Yes People's Party]] - [[Yes People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:57, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Redevelopment Party]] - [[Ghana Redevelopment Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Independent People's Party]] - [[Independent People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:37, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Convention Party]] - [[National Convention Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:31, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:National Independence Party ]] - [[National Independence Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:59, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Convention Party ]] - [[People's Convention Party ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:35, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''1.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Heritage Party ]] - [[People's Heritage Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Love Party ]] - [[United Love Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:45, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Action Congress Party]] - [[Action Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.3marks {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Party]] - [[All People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:04, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's National Party]] - [[People's National Party]] # [[:en:Popular Front Party]] - [[Popular Front Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Social Democratic Front ]] - [[Social Democratic Front ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:41, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Third Force Party]] - [[Third Force Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:United National Convention ]] - [[United National Convention ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:18, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Republican Party ]] - [[All People's Republican Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:47, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice Party ]] - [[Justice Party ]] # [[:en:National Alliance of Liberals]] - [[National Alliance of Liberals]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party]] [[People's Action Party]] # [[:en:Progress Party]] - [[Progress Party]] # [[:en:United Nationalist Party ]] - [[United Nationalist Party ]] # [[:en:United Party ]] - [[United Party ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:08, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Gold Coast Convention]] - [[United Gold Coast Convention]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Anlo Youth Organization]] - [[Anlo Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Federation of Youth Organization]] - [[Federation of Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Congress Party]] - [[Ghana Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:14, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) - [[Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Liberation Movement ]] - [[National Liberation Movement ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:44, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Northern People's Party ]] - [[Northern People's Party ]] # [[:en:Togoland Congress]] - [[Togoland Congress]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:31, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Greater Accra Region]] - [[Greater Accra Region]] # [[:en:Eastern Region]] - [[Eastern Region]] # [[:en:Ahafo Region]] - [[Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:38, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ashanti Region]] - [[Ashanti Region]] # [[:en:Bono East Region]] - [[Bono East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Brong Ahafo Region]] - [[Brong Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:S A Habadah|Nkitahode beaɛ]])[[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Central Region]] - [[Central Region]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:North-East Region]] - [[North-East Region]] # [[:en:Northern Region]] - [[Northern Region]] # [[:en:Oti Region]] - [[Oti Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Savannah Region]] - [[Savannah Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper East Region]] - [[Upper East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper West Region]] - [[Upper West Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Western Region]] - [[Western Region]] # [[:en:Western North Region]] - [[Western North Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Volta Region]] - [[Volta Region]] # [[:en:Kumasi]] - [[Kumasi]] # [[:en:Sunyani]] - [[Sunyani]] # [[:en:Techiman]] - [[Techiman]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:17, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks {{not done}} # [[:en:Goaso]] - [[Goaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Cape Coast]] - [[Cape Coast]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:32, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Kofiridua]] - [[Kofiridua]] # [[:en:Accra]] - [[Accra]] # [[:en:Tamale]] - [[Tamale]] # [[:en:Damongo]] - [[Damongo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}}} # [[:en:Nalerigu]] - [[Nalerigu]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Bolgatanga]] - [[Bolgatanga]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:37, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wa]] - [[Wa]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:36, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ho]] - [[Ho]] # [[:en:Dambai]] - [[Dambai]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Takoradi]] - [[Takoradi]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wiawso]] - [[Wiawso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} =='''Adwuma ho nsɛmfua (Work related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Teacher]] - [[Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni]] [[Dwumadini: Christian|Christian]] # [[:en:Farmer]] - [[Ɔkuani]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:17, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blacksmith]] - [[Ɔtomfoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:36, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en: Boxer]] - [[Akuturukubɔfoɔ]] # [[:en:Butcher]] - [[Nankwaaseni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:26, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Banker]] - [[Sikakorabea adwumayɛni]] # [[:en:Wood worker]] - [[Dua dwomfoɔ]] # [[:en:Doctor]] - [[Ɔyaresafoɔ /Dokota]] # [[:en:Driver]] - [[Ɔhyenkani /Ɔhyenkafoɔ]] # [[:en:Judge]] - [[Ɔtenmuafoɔ ]] # [[:en:Jury]] - [[Apamfoɔ]] # [[:en:Lawyer]] - [[Mmaranimni]] # [[:en:Mason]] - [[Ɔdansifoɔ]] # [[:en:Nurse]] - [[Ayaresadwumamu boafoɔ / Nɛɛse]] # [[:en:Pharmacist]] - [[Oduyɛfoɔ]] # [[:en:President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en:Fashion designer]] - [[Adepamni]] # [[:en:Seamstress]] - [[Ɔbaa adepamni]] # [[:en:Secretary]] - [[Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:48, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Security]] - [[Ɔwɛnfoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:18, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trader]] - [[Ɔdwadini]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:55, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Secondary School]] - [[Ntoasoɔ Sukuu]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:11, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:University]] - [[Suapɔn]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:22, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Family]] - [[Abusua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:16, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family member]] - [[Abusuani]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:18, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family head]] - [[Abusuapanin]] # [[:en:Parents]] - [[Awofoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:49, 25 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Man]] - [[ɔbarima]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) # [[:en:Woman]] - [[ɔbaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Father]] - [[Agya]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:52, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Mother]] - [[Maame]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:29, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Baby]] - [[Akwadaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:27, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Siblings]] - [[Anuanom]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:38, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sister]] - [[Nua baa]] # [[:en:Brother]] - [[Nua bɛrima]] # [[:en:Grandmother]] - [[Nana baa]] # [[:en:Grandfather]] - [[Nana bɛrima]] # [[:en:Sister-inlaw]] - [[Akumaa]] # [[:en:Rivals]] - [[Akorafoɔ]] # [[:en:Boy]] - [[Abɛrimaa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Girl]] - [[Abaayewa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Widow]] - [[Okunafoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Son]] - [[ɔbabɛrima]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Daugther]] - [[ɔbabaa]] # [[:en:Adopted child]] - [[Abanoma]] # [[:en:Orphan]] - [[Agyanka]] # [[:en:Twins]] - [[Ntaafoɔ]] # [[:en:Triplet]] - [[Ahenasa]] # [[:en:Friendship]] - [[Adamfofa]] # [[:en:Dating]] - [[Mpenatweɛ]] # [[:en:Royal]] - [[Dehyeɛ]] # [[:en:Old man]] - [[Akɔkora]] # [[:en:Old woman]] - [[Aberewa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Firstborn child]] - [[Piesie]] # [[:en:Lastborn child]] - [[Kaakyire]] # [[:en:Young woman]] - [[Ababaawa]] # [[:en:Young man]] - [[Abranteɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:08, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Health]] - [[Apowmuden]] # [[:en:Sickness]] - [[Yareɛ]] # [[:en:Diseases]] - [[Nyarewa]] # [[:en:Hospital]] - [[Ayaresabea]][[Dwumadini:Antwiaa1996|Antwiaa1996]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Antwiaa1996|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:11, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Syringe]] - [[Paneɛ]] # [[:en:Medicine]] - [[Aduro]] # [[:en:Herbalist]] - [[Odunsini]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Itch]] - [[Ahokeka]] # [[:en:Whooping cough]] - [[Nsamanwa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Headache]] - [[Tipayɛ]] # [[:en:Stomach ache]] - [[Yafunu yareɛ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Constipation]] - [[Ayamtim]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Diabetes]] - [[Asikyireyareɛ]] # [[:en:Cholera]] - [[Ayamtunini/Kɔlera]] # [[:en:Goiter]] - [[Kɔmpɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:23, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:22, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Gonorrhea]] - [[Babaso]] # [[:en:Cancer]] - [[Kokoram]] # [[:en:Rheumatism]] - [[Sasabrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Convulsion]] - [[Asensene]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Asthma]] - [[Ntehyeewa]] # [[:en:Cripple]] - [[Bafan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muteness]] - [[Emum]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:55, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blindness]] - [[Anifra]] # [[:en:Kwashiokor]] - [[Kwashiokor]] # [[:en:Malaria]] - [[Atiridii yare]] # [[:en:Paralysis]] - [[Mmubuo]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Vomitting]] - [[Ɛfeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Hypertension]] - [[Mogyamorosoɔ]] # [[:en:Ulcer]] - [[Ayamkuro]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Stroke]] - [[Nnwodwoeɛ]] # [[:en:Measles]] - [[Ntoboro]] # [[:en:Eczema]] - [[Ɛkrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rashes]] - [[Nsawansawa]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ringworm]] - [[Kakawirewire]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:45, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies)'''== Environmental related # [[:en:Buildings]] - [[Adan]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:10, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trees]] - [[Nnua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Flowers]] - [[Nhweren]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Animals]] - [[Mmoa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Humans]] - [[Nnipa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:32, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Clouds]] - [[Ewiem]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Air]] - [[Nframa]] # [[:en:Machines]] - [[Afidie]] # [[:en:River]] - [[Nsutene]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sea]] - [[Ɛpo]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Car]] - [[Ɛhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Train]] - [[Keteke]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Canoe]] - [[Kudoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ship ]] - [[Suhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Aircraft/aeroplane]] - [[Wiemhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Airport]] - [[Wiemhyɛn gyinabea]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:27, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Port/harbor]] - [[Suhyɛn gyinabea]] # [[:en:Train station]] - [[Keteke gyinabea]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Forest]] - [[Kwaeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛm dibea]] # [[:en:Church building]] - [[Asɔre dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Church]] - [[Asɔre]] # [[:en:Mosque]] - [[Nkramosom dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muslim]] - [[Nkramoni]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Islam]] - [[Nkramosom]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christian]] - [[Kristoni]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christianity]] - [[Kristosom]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rainbow]] - [[Nyankontɔn]] # [[:en:Gun]] - [[Etuo]] # [[:en:Water]] - [[Nsuo]] # [[:en:Railway]] - [[Keteke kwan]] # [[:en:Road]] - [[Lɔre kwan]] # [[:en:Stadium]] - [[Agoprama]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Market]] - [[Aguaso]] # [[:en:Land]] - [[Asaase]] # [[:en:Mountain]] - [[Bepɔ]] # [[:en:Sun]] - [[Awia]] # [[:en:Moon]] - [[Bosome]] # [[:en:Star]] - [[Nsoroma]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Birds]] - [[Nnomaa]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:39, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) rzwnk1g31f9scakh5nihbdv5wcjzr0l 132680 132679 2022-07-28T23:02:43Z AC Krah 10338 /* Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies) */ wikitext text/x-wiki =='''Entries'''== *''Type '''<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>''' next to the article(s) '''you have worked on''' and click '''publish changes'''.'' *A facilitator will review '''Twi Wikipedia, Wikicommons and Wikidata items''' and add {{Wei}} If the entry worked on meets the rules. =='''Mmarahyɛbadwam ho nsɛm (Parliamentary related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Elections]] - [[Abatoɔ]] # [[:en:Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie]] [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:11, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Member of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwani]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Law]] - [[Mmara]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:37, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Constitution]] - [[Amanmmara]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:10, 16 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Speaker of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie Kasamafoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:29, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice]] - [[Atɛntenee]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:00, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Corruption]] - [[Porɔɛe]] # [[:en: Bribery]] - [[Kɛtɛasehyɛ]] # [[:en: Constituency]] - [[Mpasua]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Amendment]] - [[Nsakraeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:58, 8 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en: President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en: Appoint]] - [[Y'apaw Obi]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] '''2.6marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Bylaws]] - [[Mmaranketewa]] # [[:en: Minister]] - [[Mansoafoɔ]] # [[:en:Minority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kumaa]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]]'''3.5marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Majority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:21, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛmdibia]] # [[:en:Minority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm Kumaa Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2.8marks''' [[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''0.6marks'''{{not done}} # [[:en:Majority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democracy]] - [[Kabi-Ma-Menkabi]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Prime Minister]] - [[Man soafo panyin]] # [[:en:Municipality ]] - [[Munisipal]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:01, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:District]] - [[Mansini]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Deputy Minister]] - [[Soafo Abadiakyiri]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Politician]] - [[Amammuifo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:57, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Political Party]] - [[Amanyɔ kuo]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:13, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:New Patriotic Party]] - [[New Patriotic Party (NPP)]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:20, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks {{done}} # [[:en:Republic]] - [[Adehyeman]] # [[:en:National Democratic Congress]] - [[National Democratic Congress (NDC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:19, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks'''{{done}} # [[:en:Convention People's Party]] - [[Convention People's Party (CPP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:05, 23 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:People's National Convention]] - [[People's National Convention (PNC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:47, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:All People's Congress]] - [[All People's Congress (APC)]] # [[:en:Democratic Freedom Party]] - [[Democratic Freedom Party (DFP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:39, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democratic People's Party]] - [[Democratic People's Party (DPP)]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party]] - [[Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party(EGLEP)]] # [[:en:Great Consolidated Popular Party]] - [[Great Consolidated Popular Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''0.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Democratic Republican Party]] - [[Ghana Democratic Republican Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:27, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Freedom Party]] - [[Ghana Freedom Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:18, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana National Party]] - [[Ghana National Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:29, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Union Movement]] - [[Ghana Union Movement]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:57, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Liberal Party of Ghana]] - [[Liberal Party of Ghana]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Democratic Party ]] - [[National Democratic Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:42, 6 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Reform Party]] - [[National Reform Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:23, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:New Vision Party ]] - [[New Vision Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party ]] - [[People's Action Party ]] # [[:en:People's Destiny Party]] - [[People's Destiny Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:33, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Power Unity Party]] - [[Power Unity Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:06, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Progressive People's Party]] - [[Progressive People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Reformed Patriotic Democrats]] - [[Reformed Patriotic Democrats]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Democratic Party]] - [[United Democratic Party]] # [[:en:United Development System Party]] - [[United Development System Party]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Front Party]] - [[United Front Party]] # [[:en:United Ghana Movement]] - [[United Ghana Movement]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Progressive Party]] - [[United Progressive Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Renaissance Party]] - [[United Renaissance Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:17, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Yes People's Party]] - [[Yes People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:57, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Redevelopment Party]] - [[Ghana Redevelopment Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Independent People's Party]] - [[Independent People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:37, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Convention Party]] - [[National Convention Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:31, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:National Independence Party ]] - [[National Independence Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:59, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Convention Party ]] - [[People's Convention Party ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:35, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''1.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Heritage Party ]] - [[People's Heritage Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Love Party ]] - [[United Love Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:45, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Action Congress Party]] - [[Action Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.3marks {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Party]] - [[All People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:04, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's National Party]] - [[People's National Party]] # [[:en:Popular Front Party]] - [[Popular Front Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Social Democratic Front ]] - [[Social Democratic Front ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:41, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Third Force Party]] - [[Third Force Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:United National Convention ]] - [[United National Convention ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:18, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Republican Party ]] - [[All People's Republican Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:47, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice Party ]] - [[Justice Party ]] # [[:en:National Alliance of Liberals]] - [[National Alliance of Liberals]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party]] [[People's Action Party]] # [[:en:Progress Party]] - [[Progress Party]] # [[:en:United Nationalist Party ]] - [[United Nationalist Party ]] # [[:en:United Party ]] - [[United Party ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:08, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Gold Coast Convention]] - [[United Gold Coast Convention]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Anlo Youth Organization]] - [[Anlo Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Federation of Youth Organization]] - [[Federation of Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Congress Party]] - [[Ghana Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:14, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) - [[Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Liberation Movement ]] - [[National Liberation Movement ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:44, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Northern People's Party ]] - [[Northern People's Party ]] # [[:en:Togoland Congress]] - [[Togoland Congress]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:31, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Greater Accra Region]] - [[Greater Accra Region]] # [[:en:Eastern Region]] - [[Eastern Region]] # [[:en:Ahafo Region]] - [[Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:38, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ashanti Region]] - [[Ashanti Region]] # [[:en:Bono East Region]] - [[Bono East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Brong Ahafo Region]] - [[Brong Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:S A Habadah|Nkitahode beaɛ]])[[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Central Region]] - [[Central Region]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:North-East Region]] - [[North-East Region]] # [[:en:Northern Region]] - [[Northern Region]] # [[:en:Oti Region]] - [[Oti Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Savannah Region]] - [[Savannah Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper East Region]] - [[Upper East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper West Region]] - [[Upper West Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Western Region]] - [[Western Region]] # [[:en:Western North Region]] - [[Western North Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Volta Region]] - [[Volta Region]] # [[:en:Kumasi]] - [[Kumasi]] # [[:en:Sunyani]] - [[Sunyani]] # [[:en:Techiman]] - [[Techiman]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:17, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks {{not done}} # [[:en:Goaso]] - [[Goaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Cape Coast]] - [[Cape Coast]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:32, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Kofiridua]] - [[Kofiridua]] # [[:en:Accra]] - [[Accra]] # [[:en:Tamale]] - [[Tamale]] # [[:en:Damongo]] - [[Damongo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}}} # [[:en:Nalerigu]] - [[Nalerigu]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Bolgatanga]] - [[Bolgatanga]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:37, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wa]] - [[Wa]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:36, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ho]] - [[Ho]] # [[:en:Dambai]] - [[Dambai]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Takoradi]] - [[Takoradi]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wiawso]] - [[Wiawso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} =='''Adwuma ho nsɛmfua (Work related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Teacher]] - [[Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni]] [[Dwumadini: Christian|Christian]] # [[:en:Farmer]] - [[Ɔkuani]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:17, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blacksmith]] - [[Ɔtomfoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:36, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en: Boxer]] - [[Akuturukubɔfoɔ]] # [[:en:Butcher]] - [[Nankwaaseni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:26, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Banker]] - [[Sikakorabea adwumayɛni]] # [[:en:Wood worker]] - [[Dua dwomfoɔ]] # [[:en:Doctor]] - [[Ɔyaresafoɔ /Dokota]] # [[:en:Driver]] - [[Ɔhyenkani /Ɔhyenkafoɔ]] # [[:en:Judge]] - [[Ɔtenmuafoɔ ]] # [[:en:Jury]] - [[Apamfoɔ]] # [[:en:Lawyer]] - [[Mmaranimni]] # [[:en:Mason]] - [[Ɔdansifoɔ]] # [[:en:Nurse]] - [[Ayaresadwumamu boafoɔ / Nɛɛse]] # [[:en:Pharmacist]] - [[Oduyɛfoɔ]] # [[:en:President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en:Fashion designer]] - [[Adepamni]] # [[:en:Seamstress]] - [[Ɔbaa adepamni]] # [[:en:Secretary]] - [[Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:48, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Security]] - [[Ɔwɛnfoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:18, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trader]] - [[Ɔdwadini]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:55, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Secondary School]] - [[Ntoasoɔ Sukuu]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:11, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:University]] - [[Suapɔn]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:22, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Family]] - [[Abusua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:16, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family member]] - [[Abusuani]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:18, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family head]] - [[Abusuapanin]] # [[:en:Parents]] - [[Awofoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:49, 25 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Man]] - [[ɔbarima]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) # [[:en:Woman]] - [[ɔbaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Father]] - [[Agya]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:52, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Mother]] - [[Maame]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:29, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Baby]] - [[Akwadaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:27, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Siblings]] - [[Anuanom]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:38, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sister]] - [[Nua baa]] # [[:en:Brother]] - [[Nua bɛrima]] # [[:en:Grandmother]] - [[Nana baa]] # [[:en:Grandfather]] - [[Nana bɛrima]] # [[:en:Sister-inlaw]] - [[Akumaa]] # [[:en:Rivals]] - [[Akorafoɔ]] # [[:en:Boy]] - [[Abɛrimaa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Girl]] - [[Abaayewa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Widow]] - [[Okunafoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Son]] - [[ɔbabɛrima]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Daugther]] - [[ɔbabaa]] # [[:en:Adopted child]] - [[Abanoma]] # [[:en:Orphan]] - [[Agyanka]] # [[:en:Twins]] - [[Ntaafoɔ]] # [[:en:Triplet]] - [[Ahenasa]] # [[:en:Friendship]] - [[Adamfofa]] # [[:en:Dating]] - [[Mpenatweɛ]] # [[:en:Royal]] - [[Dehyeɛ]] # [[:en:Old man]] - [[Akɔkora]] # [[:en:Old woman]] - [[Aberewa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Firstborn child]] - [[Piesie]] # [[:en:Lastborn child]] - [[Kaakyire]] # [[:en:Young woman]] - [[Ababaawa]] # [[:en:Young man]] - [[Abranteɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:08, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Health]] - [[Apowmuden]] # [[:en:Sickness]] - [[Yareɛ]] # [[:en:Diseases]] - [[Nyarewa]] # [[:en:Hospital]] - [[Ayaresabea]][[Dwumadini:Antwiaa1996|Antwiaa1996]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Antwiaa1996|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:11, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Syringe]] - [[Paneɛ]] # [[:en:Medicine]] - [[Aduro]] # [[:en:Herbalist]] - [[Odunsini]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Itch]] - [[Ahokeka]] # [[:en:Whooping cough]] - [[Nsamanwa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Headache]] - [[Tipayɛ]] # [[:en:Stomach ache]] - [[Yafunu yareɛ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Constipation]] - [[Ayamtim]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Diabetes]] - [[Asikyireyareɛ]] # [[:en:Cholera]] - [[Ayamtunini/Kɔlera]] # [[:en:Goiter]] - [[Kɔmpɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:23, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:22, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Gonorrhea]] - [[Babaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:02, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Cancer]] - [[Kokoram]] # [[:en:Rheumatism]] - [[Sasabrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Convulsion]] - [[Asensene]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Asthma]] - [[Ntehyeewa]] # [[:en:Cripple]] - [[Bafan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muteness]] - [[Emum]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:55, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blindness]] - [[Anifra]] # [[:en:Kwashiokor]] - [[Kwashiokor]] # [[:en:Malaria]] - [[Atiridii yare]] # [[:en:Paralysis]] - [[Mmubuo]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Vomitting]] - [[Ɛfeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Hypertension]] - [[Mogyamorosoɔ]] # [[:en:Ulcer]] - [[Ayamkuro]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Stroke]] - [[Nnwodwoeɛ]] # [[:en:Measles]] - [[Ntoboro]] # [[:en:Eczema]] - [[Ɛkrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rashes]] - [[Nsawansawa]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ringworm]] - [[Kakawirewire]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:45, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies)'''== Environmental related # [[:en:Buildings]] - [[Adan]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:10, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trees]] - [[Nnua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Flowers]] - [[Nhweren]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Animals]] - [[Mmoa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Humans]] - [[Nnipa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:32, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Clouds]] - [[Ewiem]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Air]] - [[Nframa]] # [[:en:Machines]] - [[Afidie]] # [[:en:River]] - [[Nsutene]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sea]] - [[Ɛpo]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Car]] - [[Ɛhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Train]] - [[Keteke]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Canoe]] - [[Kudoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ship ]] - [[Suhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Aircraft/aeroplane]] - [[Wiemhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Airport]] - [[Wiemhyɛn gyinabea]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:27, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Port/harbor]] - [[Suhyɛn gyinabea]] # [[:en:Train station]] - [[Keteke gyinabea]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Forest]] - [[Kwaeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛm dibea]] # [[:en:Church building]] - [[Asɔre dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Church]] - [[Asɔre]] # [[:en:Mosque]] - [[Nkramosom dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muslim]] - [[Nkramoni]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Islam]] - [[Nkramosom]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christian]] - [[Kristoni]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christianity]] - [[Kristosom]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rainbow]] - [[Nyankontɔn]] # [[:en:Gun]] - [[Etuo]] # [[:en:Water]] - [[Nsuo]] # [[:en:Railway]] - [[Keteke kwan]] # [[:en:Road]] - [[Lɔre kwan]] # [[:en:Stadium]] - [[Agoprama]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Market]] - [[Aguaso]] # [[:en:Land]] - [[Asaase]] # [[:en:Mountain]] - [[Bepɔ]] # [[:en:Sun]] - [[Awia]] # [[:en:Moon]] - [[Bosome]] # [[:en:Star]] - [[Nsoroma]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Birds]] - [[Nnomaa]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:39, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) mfxoetmyugbakxhhlz9rlv1phjcojkh 132696 132680 2022-07-29T05:03:37Z Nana Sintim 11223 /* Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies) */ wikitext text/x-wiki =='''Entries'''== *''Type '''<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>''' next to the article(s) '''you have worked on''' and click '''publish changes'''.'' *A facilitator will review '''Twi Wikipedia, Wikicommons and Wikidata items''' and add {{Wei}} If the entry worked on meets the rules. =='''Mmarahyɛbadwam ho nsɛm (Parliamentary related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Elections]] - [[Abatoɔ]] # [[:en:Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie]] [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:11, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Member of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwani]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Law]] - [[Mmara]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:37, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Constitution]] - [[Amanmmara]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:10, 16 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:Speaker of Parliament]] - [[Mmarahyɛbadwafie Kasamafoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:29, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice]] - [[Atɛntenee]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:00, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Corruption]] - [[Porɔɛe]] # [[:en: Bribery]] - [[Kɛtɛasehyɛ]] # [[:en: Constituency]] - [[Mpasua]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Amendment]] - [[Nsakraeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:58, 8 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en: President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en: Appoint]] - [[Y'apaw Obi]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:09, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] '''2.6marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en: Bylaws]] - [[Mmaranketewa]] # [[:en: Minister]] - [[Mansoafoɔ]] # [[:en:Minority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kumaa]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]]'''3.5marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Majority]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:21, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛmdibia]] # [[:en:Minority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm Kumaa Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2.8marks''' [[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''0.6marks'''{{not done}} # [[:en:Majority Leader]] - [[Ɛdɔm kɛseɛ Panin]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 07:19, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democracy]] - [[Kabi-Ma-Menkabi]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Prime Minister]] - [[Man soafo panyin]] # [[:en:Municipality ]] - [[Munisipal]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:01, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:District]] - [[Mansini]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Deputy Minister]] - [[Soafo Abadiakyiri]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Politician]] - [[Amammuifo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:57, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Political Party]] - [[Amanyɔ kuo]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:13, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:New Patriotic Party]] - [[New Patriotic Party (NPP)]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:20, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''4marks {{done}} # [[:en:Republic]] - [[Adehyeman]] # [[:en:National Democratic Congress]] - [[National Democratic Congress (NDC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:19, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks'''{{done}} # [[:en:Convention People's Party]] - [[Convention People's Party (CPP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:05, 23 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:People's National Convention]] - [[People's National Convention (PNC)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:47, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''2marks''' {{not done}} # [[:en:All People's Congress]] - [[All People's Congress (APC)]] # [[:en:Democratic Freedom Party]] - [[Democratic Freedom Party (DFP)]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:39, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Democratic People's Party]] - [[Democratic People's Party (DPP)]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party]] - [[Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere Party(EGLEP)]] # [[:en:Great Consolidated Popular Party]] - [[Great Consolidated Popular Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' [[Dwumadini:Opoku Akaadom Sympathy|Opoku Akaadom Sympathy]] gets '''0.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Democratic Republican Party]] - [[Ghana Democratic Republican Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:27, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Freedom Party]] - [[Ghana Freedom Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 21:18, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana National Party]] - [[Ghana National Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:29, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Union Movement]] - [[Ghana Union Movement]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:57, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Liberal Party of Ghana]] - [[Liberal Party of Ghana]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Democratic Party ]] - [[National Democratic Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:42, 6 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Reform Party]] - [[National Reform Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:23, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:New Vision Party ]] - [[New Vision Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 02:52, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party ]] - [[People's Action Party ]] # [[:en:People's Destiny Party]] - [[People's Destiny Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:33, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Power Unity Party]] - [[Power Unity Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:06, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Progressive People's Party]] - [[Progressive People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:35, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Reformed Patriotic Democrats]] - [[Reformed Patriotic Democrats]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Democratic Party]] - [[United Democratic Party]] # [[:en:United Development System Party]] - [[United Development System Party]] [[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:50, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Front Party]] - [[United Front Party]] # [[:en:United Ghana Movement]] - [[United Ghana Movement]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Progressive Party]] - [[United Progressive Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Renaissance Party]] - [[United Renaissance Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 03:17, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Yes People's Party]] - [[Yes People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:57, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Redevelopment Party]] - [[Ghana Redevelopment Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Independent People's Party]] - [[Independent People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:37, 3 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Convention Party]] - [[National Convention Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:31, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:National Independence Party ]] - [[National Independence Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:59, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Convention Party ]] - [[People's Convention Party ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 06:35, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''1.4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Heritage Party ]] - [[People's Heritage Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Love Party ]] - [[United Love Party ]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:45, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Action Congress Party]] - [[Action Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.3marks {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Party]] - [[All People's Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:04, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''3.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's National Party]] - [[People's National Party]] # [[:en:Popular Front Party]] - [[Popular Front Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Social Democratic Front ]] - [[Social Democratic Front ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:41, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Third Force Party]] - [[Third Force Party]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 19:59, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:United National Convention ]] - [[United National Convention ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:18, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:All People's Republican Party ]] - [[All People's Republican Party ]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:47, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1mark''' {{done}} # [[:en:Justice Party ]] - [[Justice Party ]] # [[:en:National Alliance of Liberals]] - [[National Alliance of Liberals]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:People's Action Party]] [[People's Action Party]] # [[:en:Progress Party]] - [[Progress Party]] # [[:en:United Nationalist Party ]] - [[United Nationalist Party ]] # [[:en:United Party ]] - [[United Party ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:08, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:United Gold Coast Convention]] - [[United Gold Coast Convention]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Anlo Youth Organization]] - [[Anlo Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:40, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Federation of Youth Organization]] - [[Federation of Youth Organization]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ghana Congress Party]] - [[Ghana Congress Party]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:14, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''2.8marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:14, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) - [[Muslim Association Party]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''2.2marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:National Liberation Movement ]] - [[National Liberation Movement ]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:44, 27 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Northern People's Party ]] - [[Northern People's Party ]] # [[:en:Togoland Congress]] - [[Togoland Congress]][[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Daniella Damptey|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 04:31, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Daniella Damptey|Daniella Damptey]] gets '''1.6marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Greater Accra Region]] - [[Greater Accra Region]] # [[:en:Eastern Region]] - [[Eastern Region]] # [[:en:Ahafo Region]] - [[Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 12:38, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ashanti Region]] - [[Ashanti Region]] # [[:en:Bono East Region]] - [[Bono East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Brong Ahafo Region]] - [[Brong Ahafo Mantam]][[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:S A Habadah|Nkitahode beaɛ]])[[Dwumadini:S A Habadah|S A Habadah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Central Region]] - [[Central Region]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:North-East Region]] - [[North-East Region]] # [[:en:Northern Region]] - [[Northern Region]] # [[:en:Oti Region]] - [[Oti Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Savannah Region]] - [[Savannah Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper East Region]] - [[Upper East Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Upper West Region]] - [[Upper West Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Western Region]] - [[Western Region]] # [[:en:Western North Region]] - [[Western North Region]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Volta Region]] - [[Volta Region]] # [[:en:Kumasi]] - [[Kumasi]] # [[:en:Sunyani]] - [[Sunyani]] # [[:en:Techiman]] - [[Techiman]][[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afia360|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:17, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afia360|Afia360]] gets '''3marks {{not done}} # [[:en:Goaso]] - [[Goaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Cape Coast]] - [[Cape Coast]][[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Rsaawah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:32, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Rsaawah|Rsaawah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Kofiridua]] - [[Kofiridua]] # [[:en:Accra]] - [[Accra]] # [[:en:Tamale]] - [[Tamale]] # [[:en:Damongo]] - [[Damongo]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:23, 7 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''3.6marks''' {{done}}} # [[:en:Nalerigu]] - [[Nalerigu]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:05, 5 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Bolgatanga]] - [[Bolgatanga]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 22:37, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wa]] - [[Wa]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:36, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] gets '''3marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Ho]] - [[Ho]] # [[:en:Dambai]] - [[Dambai]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Takoradi]] - [[Takoradi]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} # [[:en:Wiawso]] - [[Wiawso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:01, 4 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] gets '''4marks''' {{done}} =='''Adwuma ho nsɛmfua (Work related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Teacher]] - [[Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni]] [[Dwumadini: Christian|Christian]] # [[:en:Farmer]] - [[Ɔkuani]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:17, 9 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blacksmith]] - [[Ɔtomfoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:36, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en: Boxer]] - [[Akuturukubɔfoɔ]] # [[:en:Butcher]] - [[Nankwaaseni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:26, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Banker]] - [[Sikakorabea adwumayɛni]] # [[:en:Wood worker]] - [[Dua dwomfoɔ]] # [[:en:Doctor]] - [[Ɔyaresafoɔ /Dokota]] # [[:en:Driver]] - [[Ɔhyenkani /Ɔhyenkafoɔ]] # [[:en:Judge]] - [[Ɔtenmuafoɔ ]] # [[:en:Jury]] - [[Apamfoɔ]] # [[:en:Lawyer]] - [[Mmaranimni]] # [[:en:Mason]] - [[Ɔdansifoɔ]] # [[:en:Nurse]] - [[Ayaresadwumamu boafoɔ / Nɛɛse]] # [[:en:Pharmacist]] - [[Oduyɛfoɔ]] # [[:en:President]] - [[Ɔmanpanin]] # [[:en:Fashion designer]] - [[Adepamni]] # [[:en:Seamstress]] - [[Ɔbaa adepamni]] # [[:en:Secretary]] - [[Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:48, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Security]] - [[Ɔwɛnfoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:18, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trader]] - [[Ɔdwadini]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:55, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Secondary School]] - [[Ntoasoɔ Sukuu]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:11, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:University]] - [[Suapɔn]] [[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:22, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Abusuabɔ ho nsɛmfua (Family related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Family]] - [[Abusua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:16, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 00:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family member]] - [[Abusuani]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 11:18, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Family head]] - [[Abusuapanin]] # [[:en:Parents]] - [[Awofoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:49, 25 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Man]] - [[ɔbarima]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) # [[:en:Woman]] - [[ɔbaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:02, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Father]] - [[Agya]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:52, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Mother]] - [[Maame]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:29, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Baby]] - [[Akwadaa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:27, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Siblings]] - [[Anuanom]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 17:38, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sister]] - [[Nua baa]] # [[:en:Brother]] - [[Nua bɛrima]] # [[:en:Grandmother]] - [[Nana baa]] # [[:en:Grandfather]] - [[Nana bɛrima]] # [[:en:Sister-inlaw]] - [[Akumaa]] # [[:en:Rivals]] - [[Akorafoɔ]] # [[:en:Boy]] - [[Abɛrimaa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Girl]] - [[Abaayewa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Widow]] - [[Okunafoɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Son]] - [[ɔbabɛrima]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:05, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Daugther]] - [[ɔbabaa]] # [[:en:Adopted child]] - [[Abanoma]] # [[:en:Orphan]] - [[Agyanka]] # [[:en:Twins]] - [[Ntaafoɔ]] # [[:en:Triplet]] - [[Ahenasa]] # [[:en:Friendship]] - [[Adamfofa]] # [[:en:Dating]] - [[Mpenatweɛ]] # [[:en:Royal]] - [[Dehyeɛ]] # [[:en:Old man]] - [[Akɔkora]] # [[:en:Old woman]] - [[Aberewa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:19, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Firstborn child]] - [[Piesie]] # [[:en:Lastborn child]] - [[Kaakyire]] # [[:en:Young woman]] - [[Ababaawa]] # [[:en:Young man]] - [[Abranteɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 01:08, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Apɔmuden ho nsɛmfua (Health related terminologies)'''== # [[:en:Health]] - [[Apowmuden]] # [[:en:Sickness]] - [[Yareɛ]] # [[:en:Diseases]] - [[Nyarewa]] # [[:en:Hospital]] - [[Ayaresabea]][[Dwumadini:Antwiaa1996|Antwiaa1996]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Antwiaa1996|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 10:11, 13 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Syringe]] - [[Paneɛ]] # [[:en:Medicine]] - [[Aduro]] # [[:en:Herbalist]] - [[Odunsini]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Itch]] - [[Ahokeka]] # [[:en:Whooping cough]] - [[Nsamanwa]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Headache]] - [[Tipayɛ]] # [[:en:Stomach ache]] - [[Yafunu yareɛ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Constipation]] - [[Ayamtim]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Diabetes]] - [[Asikyireyareɛ]] # [[:en:Cholera]] - [[Ayamtunini/Kɔlera]] # [[:en:Goiter]] - [[Kɔmpɔ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:23, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC)[[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:22, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Gonorrhea]] - [[Babaso]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:02, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Cancer]] - [[Kokoram]] # [[:en:Rheumatism]] - [[Sasabrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Convulsion]] - [[Asensene]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:31, 26 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Asthma]] - [[Ntehyeewa]] # [[:en:Cripple]] - [[Bafan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:37, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muteness]] - [[Emum]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:55, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Blindness]] - [[Anifra]] # [[:en:Kwashiokor]] - [[Kwashiokor]] # [[:en:Malaria]] - [[Atiridii yare]] # [[:en:Paralysis]] - [[Mmubuo]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Vomitting]] - [[Ɛfeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Hypertension]] - [[Mogyamorosoɔ]] # [[:en:Ulcer]] - [[Ayamkuro]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:09, 22 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Stroke]] - [[Nnwodwoeɛ]] # [[:en:Measles]] - [[Ntoboro]] # [[:en:Eczema]] - [[Ɛkrɔ]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rashes]] - [[Nsawansawa]][[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 08:58, 11 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ringworm]] - [[Kakawirewire]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:45, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) =='''Atenaeɛ ho nsɛmfua (Environmental related terminologies)'''== Environmental related # [[:en:Buildings]] - [[Adan]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:10, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Trees]] - [[Nnua]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Flowers]] - [[Nhweren]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Animals]] - [[Mmoa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Humans]] - [[Nnipa]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:32, 12 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Clouds]] - [[Ewiem]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 18:56, 28 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Air]] - [[Nframa]] # [[:en:Machines]] - [[Afidie]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 05:03, 29 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:River]] - [[Nsutene]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Sea]] - [[Ɛpo]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Car]] - [[Ɛhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Mbaidoo|Mbaidoo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Mbaidoo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 14:43, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Train]] - [[Keteke]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Canoe]] - [[Kudoɔ]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Ship ]] - [[Suhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Aircraft/aeroplane]] - [[Wiemhyɛn]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Airport]] - [[Wiemhyɛn gyinabea]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:27, 17 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Port/harbor]] - [[Suhyɛn gyinabea]] # [[:en:Train station]] - [[Keteke gyinabea]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Forest]] - [[Kwaeɛ]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:01, 20 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Court]] - [[Asɛm dibea]] # [[:en:Church building]] - [[Asɔre dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 23:34, 14 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Church]] - [[Asɔre]] # [[:en:Mosque]] - [[Nkramosom dan]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Muslim]] - [[Nkramoni]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Islam]] - [[Nkramosom]] [[Dwumadini:AC Krah|AC Krah]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:AC Krah|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 20:38, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christian]] - [[Kristoni]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Christianity]] - [[Kristosom]][[Dwumadini:Nana Sintim|Nana Sintim]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Nana Sintim|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 13:48, 24 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Rainbow]] - [[Nyankontɔn]] # [[:en:Gun]] - [[Etuo]] # [[:en:Water]] - [[Nsuo]] # [[:en:Railway]] - [[Keteke kwan]] # [[:en:Road]] - [[Lɔre kwan]] # [[:en:Stadium]] - [[Agoprama]][[Dwumadini:Afriyie34|Afriyie34]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Afriyie34|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Market]] - [[Aguaso]] # [[:en:Land]] - [[Asaase]] # [[:en:Mountain]] - [[Bepɔ]] # [[:en:Sun]] - [[Awia]] # [[:en:Moon]] - [[Bosome]] # [[:en:Star]] - [[Nsoroma]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 16:50, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) # [[:en:Birds]] - [[Nnomaa]][[Dwumadini:Ebensarfo|Ebensarfo]] ([[Dwumadini nkitahode:Ebensarfo|Nkitahode beaɛ]]) 15:39, 19 Kitawonsa 2022 (UTC) 6t6mq1p9kll8p2jpex82tgvrgwemaoj Ghana Democratic Republican Party 0 12317 132699 131792 2022-07-29T08:42:27Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = Ghana Democratic Republican Party | logo = | logo_size = | caption = | colorcode = Blue | abbreviation = GDRP | president = | chairman = Kofi Amoah<ref name="ecghana">{{cite web |title=Political Parties |url=https://ec.gov.gh/political-entities/political-parties.html |website=Official website |publisher=Electoral Commission of Ghana |accessdate=7 November 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106173141/https://ec.gov.gh/political-entities/political-parties.html |archivedate=6 November 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | general_secretary = Kwakye Yiadom<ref name="ecghana"/> | first_secretary = | secretary_general = | presidium = | secretary = | spokesperson = | founder = | leader1_title = | leader1_name = | leader2_title = | leader2_name = | leader3_title = | leader3_name = | leader4_title = | leader4_name = | leader5_title = | leader5_name = | founded = 1992<!-- {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | legalised = <!-- or |legalized= --> | dissolved = <!-- {{end date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | merger = | split = | predecessor = | merged = | successor = | headquarters = [[Accra]], [[Ghana]] | newspaper = | think_tank = | student_wing = | youth_wing = | womens_wing = | wing1_title = | wing1 = | wing2_title = | wing2 = | wing3_title = | wing3 = | wing4_title = | wing4 = | membership_year = | membership = | ideology = | position = | religion = | national = | regional = | european = | continental = | international = | europarl = | affiliation1_title = | affiliation1 = | colours = {{Color box|yellow|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|blue|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|black|border=darkgray}}<br>Yellow, Blue and Black<ref name="ecghana"/> | slogan = Good democrats for real progress<ref name="ecghana"/> | anthem = | blank1_title = | blank1 = | blank2_title = | blank2 = | blank3_title = | blank3 = | blank4_title = | blank4 = | seats1_title = | seats1 = <!-- {{Infobox political party/seats|50|100|hex=#ff0000}} --> | seats2_title = | seats2 = | seats3_title = | seats3 = | seats4_title = | seats4 = <!-- up to |seats15= --> | symbol = A group of Ghanaians sitting in council | flag = | website = | country = Ghana | country_dab1 = | parties_dab1 = | elections_dab1 = | country2 = | country_dab2 = | parties_dab2 = | elections_dab2 = | footnotes = }} '''Ghana Democratic Republican Party''' yɛ [[Amanyɔ kuo|amannyɔkuo]] a ɛhyɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] ase. Yɛtee kuo no wɔ afe 1992 mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Democratic_Republican_Party#cite_note-2</ref> Neɛ ɔyɛ kuo no panin seisei ara ne Kofi Amoah.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Democratic_Republican_Party#cite_note-3</ref> Ɔno na ɔte mmrahyɛbadwa akonnwa no so seisei. == Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiieɛ== <references /> rlskwp1mh8p3i340uk8vxrllliadbqx 132700 132699 2022-07-29T08:42:40Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = Ghana Democratic Republican Party | logo = | logo_size = | caption = | colorcode = Blue | abbreviation = GDRP | president = | chairman = Kofi Amoah<ref name="ecghana">{{cite web |title=Political Parties |url=https://ec.gov.gh/political-entities/political-parties.html |website=Official website |publisher=Electoral Commission of Ghana |accessdate=7 November 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106173141/https://ec.gov.gh/political-entities/political-parties.html |archivedate=6 November 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | general_secretary = Kwakye Yiadom<ref name="ecghana"/> | first_secretary = | secretary_general = | presidium = | secretary = | spokesperson = | founder = | leader1_title = | leader1_name = | leader2_title = | leader2_name = | leader3_title = | leader3_name = | leader4_title = | leader4_name = | leader5_title = | leader5_name = | founded = 1992<!-- {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | legalised = <!-- or |legalized= --> | dissolved = <!-- {{end date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | merger = | split = | predecessor = | merged = | successor = | headquarters = [[Accra]], [[Ghana]] | newspaper = | think_tank = | student_wing = | youth_wing = | womens_wing = | wing1_title = | wing1 = | wing2_title = | wing2 = | wing3_title = | wing3 = | wing4_title = | wing4 = | membership_year = | membership = | ideology = | position = | religion = | national = | regional = | european = | continental = | international = | europarl = | affiliation1_title = | affiliation1 = | colours = {{Color box|yellow|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|blue|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|black|border=darkgray}}<br>Yellow, Blue and Black<ref name="ecghana"/> | slogan = Good democrats for real progress<ref name="ecghana"/> | anthem = | blank1_title = | blank1 = | blank2_title = | blank2 = | blank3_title = | blank3 = | blank4_title = | blank4 = | seats1_title = | seats1 = <!-- {{Infobox political party/seats|50|100|hex=#ff0000}} --> | seats2_title = | seats2 = | seats3_title = | seats3 = | seats4_title = | seats4 = <!-- up to |seats15= --> | symbol = A group of Ghanaians sitting in council | flag = | website = | country = Ghana | country_dab1 = | parties_dab1 = | elections_dab1 = | country2 = | country_dab2 = | parties_dab2 = | elections_dab2 = | footnotes = }} '''Ghana Democratic Republican Party''' yɛ [[Amanyɔ kuo|amannyɔkuo]] a ɛhyɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] ase. Yɛtee kuo no wɔ afe 1992 mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Democratic_Republican_Party#cite_note-2</ref> Neɛ ɔyɛ kuo no panin seisei ara ne Kofi Amoah.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Democratic_Republican_Party#cite_note-3</ref> Ɔno na ɔte mmrahyɛbadwa akonnwa no so seisei. == Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiieɛ== <references /> [[Nkyekyεmu:Amanyɔkuo ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ Ghana]] mq0swkhfwvklgb68oa3h8w84k6klcxp Ghana Union Movement 0 12318 132701 131814 2022-07-29T08:45:44Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = Ghana Union Movement | logo = | colorcode = {{party color|Ghana Union Movement}} | abbreviation = GUM | leader = [[Christian Kwabena Andrews]] | founder = Christian Kwabena Andrews | founded = {{start date|2019|03|10|df=y}} | ideology = [[Social democracy]] | position = [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]] | slogan = Arise for Development<br>Wob3te GUM | seats1_title = Mmarahyɛbadwafie | seats1 = {{Infobox political party/seats|0|275|hex=#ff0000}} | website = {{url|https://www.ghanaunionmovement.com/}} | country = Ghana }} '''Ghana Union Movement''' yɛ amanyɔkuo bi a ɛwɔ [[Ghana]]. [[Christian Kwabena Andrews]] na tee saa kuo yi. Na ɔsane da asɔre Life Assembly Worship Center a ɛwɔ [[Accra]] ano. Mmerɛ a na wɔrebɛte kuo yi ano no, Ɔkaa sɛ ɔno ne [[Kwame Nkrumah]] foforɔ no na Nkrumah humhum asane aba biom.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-launch-1</ref> Na kuo ne botaeɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛnnya mmoa afiri [[Samia Nkrumah]], a ɔyɛ Kwame Nkrumah ba hɔ.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-2</ref> ==Abatoɔ no mu nsɛm== Andrews yɛ nnipa baako bi a ɔgyinaa yɛ sɛ manpanin wɔ 2020 Ghana abatoɔ kɛseɛ no mu. Ɔtɔɔ ɛho nkrataa wɔ ɛbɔ 7, 2020 mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-3</ref> Ɔwie biribiara no ne din bɛdaa abatoɔ nkrataa no so mmiensa sɛ yɛkan firi soro a.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-4</ref> Andrew yii Abu Grant Lukeman sɛ nnipa ɔne no bɛgyina abatoɔ no ano.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-5</ref> ==Beaɛ a menyaa mmmoa firiiɛ== jq72qcbrjywl7cyz4t50hexmz884jwj 132702 132701 2022-07-29T08:47:46Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = Ghana Union Movement | logo = | colorcode = {{party color|Ghana Union Movement}} | abbreviation = GUM | leader = [[Christian Kwabena Andrews]] | founder = Christian Kwabena Andrews | founded = {{start date|2019|03|10|df=y}} | ideology = [[Social democracy]] | position = [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]] | slogan = Arise for Development<br>Wob3te GUM | seats1_title = Mmarahyɛbadwafie | seats1 = {{Infobox political party/seats|0|275|hex=#ff0000}} | website = {{url|https://www.ghanaunionmovement.com/}} | country = Ghana }} '''Ghana Union Movement''' yɛ amanyɔkuo bi a ɛwɔ [[Ghana]]. [[Christian Kwabena Andrews]] na tee saa kuo yi. Na ɔsane da asɔre Life Assembly Worship Center a ɛwɔ [[Accra]] ano. Mmerɛ a na wɔrebɛte kuo yi ano no, Ɔkaa sɛ ɔno ne [[Kwame Nkrumah]] foforɔ no na Nkrumah humhum asane aba biom.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-launch-1</ref> Na kuo ne botaeɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛnnya mmoa afiri [[Samia Nkrumah]], a ɔyɛ Kwame Nkrumah ba hɔ.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-2</ref> ==Abatoɔ no mu nsɛm== Andrews yɛ nnipa baako bi a ɔgyinaa yɛ sɛ manpanin wɔ 2020 Ghana abatoɔ kɛseɛ no mu. Ɔtɔɔ ɛho nkrataa wɔ ɛbɔ 7, 2020 mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-3</ref> Ɔwie biribiara no ne din bɛdaa abatoɔ nkrataa no so mmiensa sɛ yɛkan firi soro a.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-4</ref> Andrew yii Abu Grant Lukeman sɛ nnipa ɔne no bɛgyina abatoɔ no ano.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Union_Movement#cite_note-5</ref> ==Beaɛ a menyaa mmmoa firiiɛ== <references /> [[Nkyekyεmu:Amanyɔkuo ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ Ghana]] glf56o47thl7go17ppdq6476bmd8mgz Anlo Youth Organization 0 12319 132703 125841 2022-07-29T08:56:16Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = Anlo Youth Organisation |logo = |leader = Modesto Apaloo |president = |chairman = |spokesperson = |foundation = 1952<!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> |ideology = |headquarters = |international = |website = | country = Ghana |native_name = |secreatary = |leader1_title = |leader1_name = |leader2_title = |leader2_name = |leader3_title = |leader3_name = |dissolution = 1957<!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> |merger = |split = |merged = [[United Party (Ghana)|United Party]] |newspaper = |youth_wing = |wing1_title = |wing1 = |wing2_title = |wing2 = |wing3_title = |wing3 = |membership_year = |membership = |europarl = |affiliation1_title = |affiliation1 = |colors = |seats1_title = [[Gold Coast legislative election, 1954|1954 elections]] |seats1 = 1 |seats2_title = |seats2 = |symbol = |footnotes = }} '''Anlo Youth Organisation''' (a wɔsane frɛ no Ano Youth Association) yɛ amanyɔkuo bi a na ɛwɔ [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] a ɛyɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] no. Ɛdii Ayigbefoɔ a na wɔwɔ British time pɛn so bɛtenaa [[Gaana|Ghana]] berɛ wɔnyaa faahodie no. Ɛkɔɔ awieeɛ berɛ a wɔnr amanyɔkuo ahodoɔ ka bomm bɛyɛɛ Convention People's Party asɔretiafoɔ. == Ansa na wɔrebɛnya faahodie == Modesto Apaloo na ɔtee Anlo Youth Organisation. Ekuo no dii dwuma wɔ South-eastern [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]],baabi a Anlofoɔ ɛwɔ. Anlo nkyekyem no Ayigbefoɔ a wɔte German ansana ewiase koo a ɛdikan no reba. Wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum mmienu mu no, British kaa South -eastern beaɛ bi a ɛwɔ [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] a na ɛka Eastern asaase a anaafoɔ fa baabi a ɛwɔ Trans-Volta Togoland, British Togoland ka ho bom. Wei maa Ayigbefoɔ nom kyɛɛ mmienu wɔ British mmara ase na ɛfa a aka no nso hyɛ French mmara ase.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070607083312/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/ghana/chapter_three_historical_context.jsp</ref> Amanyɔkuo no kɔɔ aporɔbɔ a na wɔpɛ sɛ wɔnya British Togolandfoɔ ma wɔbɛka Gold Coast a ɛwɔ faahodie ma no bɛyɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] saa nso na Togoland Congress nso pɛsɛ UN trust territory ne French Togoland san bɔm. Wɔ aba a wɔtoo no wɔ [[Ayɛwohummumɔ|Ayɛwohomumɔ]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so du num wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum nan mu no, amanyɔkuo no nyaa ɔha ne nan akonnwa. <ref>http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1951_Legislative_Assembly_Election</ref>Na Modesto Apaloo na ɔyɛ mmarahyɛbedwani a a wɔyii no firii amanyɔkuo nom.<ref>http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=120360</ref> == Faahodie Akyi no == [[Gaana|Ghana]] nyaa faahodie akyi wɔ ɔbɛnem bosome da a ɛtɔ so nsia wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum nson mu no, wɔdaa "Avoidance of Discrimiation Act,1957(C.A) adi. Ne botaeɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛsi amanyɔkuo a dodoɔ no ara yɛ abusua, ɔsom baako kwan. Ne dwumadie hyɛɛ aseɛ [[ɔpɛnimaa]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduasa baako wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum nson ". Kwan a yɛbɛfa so asi dwumakuo a wɔde anaasɛ wɔde wɔn ho awura abusuakuo, mantam anaa ɔsom de seɛ mpɔtam anaasɛ ɔde repɛ diberɛ bi ɛnam nnipa no abusuakuo so, mantam anaa ɔsom botaeɛ foforɔ kwan.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20050428104411/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/VOL.%204%20Chpt.%205%20Professional%20Bodies.%20CIV%20SOC.pdf</ref> Wei kyerɛ sɛ edin Anlo a ɛyɛ Ayigbefoɔ bi no ammfa mmara kwan so atoa so ama amanyɔkuo no gu so wɔ mmara no ase. Amanyɔkuo a ɛyɛ asɔretiafoɔ, National Loberation movement, moslem Association Party, Northern People's Party,Fa Shifimo kɛse, Togoland Congress ne Anlo Youth Organisation ka bomm tee United party, wɔ [[Kofi]] Abrefa Busia pɛn so.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20050428104411/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/VOL.%204%20Chpt.%205%20Professional%20Bodies.%20CIV%20SOC.pdf</ref> == Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == 3y8ot955232xqen0h7z9jmqs6lzisfd 132704 132703 2022-07-29T08:57:55Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = Anlo Youth Organisation |logo = |leader = Modesto Apaloo |president = |chairman = |spokesperson = |foundation = 1952<!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> |ideology = |headquarters = |international = |website = | country = Ghana |native_name = |secreatary = |leader1_title = |leader1_name = |leader2_title = |leader2_name = |leader3_title = |leader3_name = |dissolution = 1957<!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> |merger = |split = |merged = [[United Party (Ghana)|United Party]] |newspaper = |youth_wing = |wing1_title = |wing1 = |wing2_title = |wing2 = |wing3_title = |wing3 = |membership_year = |membership = |europarl = |affiliation1_title = |affiliation1 = |colors = |seats1_title = [[Gold Coast legislative election, 1954|1954 elections]] |seats1 = 1 |seats2_title = |seats2 = |symbol = |footnotes = }} '''Anlo Youth Organisation''' (a wɔsane frɛ no Ano Youth Association) yɛ amanyɔkuo bi a na ɛwɔ [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] a ɛyɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] no. Ɛdii Ayigbefoɔ a na wɔwɔ British time pɛn so bɛtenaa [[Gaana|Ghana]] berɛ wɔnyaa faahodie no. Ɛkɔɔ awieeɛ berɛ a wɔnr amanyɔkuo ahodoɔ ka bomm bɛyɛɛ Convention People's Party asɔretiafoɔ. == Ansa na wɔrebɛnya faahodie == Modesto Apaloo na ɔtee Anlo Youth Organisation. Ekuo no dii dwuma wɔ South-eastern [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]],baabi a Anlofoɔ ɛwɔ. Anlo nkyekyem no Ayigbefoɔ a wɔte German ansana ewiase koo a ɛdikan no reba. Wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum mmienu mu no, British kaa South -eastern beaɛ bi a ɛwɔ [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] a na ɛka Eastern asaase a anaafoɔ fa baabi a ɛwɔ Trans-Volta Togoland, British Togoland ka ho bom. Wei maa Ayigbefoɔ nom kyɛɛ mmienu wɔ British mmara ase na ɛfa a aka no nso hyɛ French mmara ase.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070607083312/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/ghana/chapter_three_historical_context.jsp</ref> Amanyɔkuo no kɔɔ aporɔbɔ a na wɔpɛ sɛ wɔnya British Togolandfoɔ ma wɔbɛka Gold Coast a ɛwɔ faahodie ma no bɛyɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] saa nso na Togoland Congress nso pɛsɛ UN trust territory ne French Togoland san bɔm. Wɔ aba a wɔtoo no wɔ [[Ayɛwohummumɔ|Ayɛwohomumɔ]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so du num wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum nan mu no, amanyɔkuo no nyaa ɔha ne nan akonnwa. <ref>http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1951_Legislative_Assembly_Election</ref>Na Modesto Apaloo na ɔyɛ mmarahyɛbedwani a a wɔyii no firii amanyɔkuo nom.<ref>http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=120360</ref> == Faahodie akyi no == [[Gaana|Ghana]] nyaa faahodie akyi wɔ ɔbɛnem bosome da a ɛtɔ so nsia wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum nson mu no, wɔdaa "Avoidance of Discrimiation Act,1957(C.A) adi. Ne botaeɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛsi amanyɔkuo a dodoɔ no ara yɛ abusua, ɔsom baako kwan. Ne dwumadie hyɛɛ aseɛ [[ɔpɛnimaa]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduasa baako wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduonum nson ". Kwan a yɛbɛfa so asi dwumakuo a wɔde anaasɛ wɔde wɔn ho awura abusuakuo, mantam anaa ɔsom de seɛ mpɔtam anaasɛ ɔde repɛ diberɛ bi ɛnam nnipa no abusuakuo so, mantam anaa ɔsom botaeɛ foforɔ kwan.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20050428104411/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/VOL.%204%20Chpt.%205%20Professional%20Bodies.%20CIV%20SOC.pdf</ref> Wei kyerɛ sɛ edin Anlo a ɛyɛ Ayigbefoɔ bi no ammfa mmara kwan so atoa so ama amanyɔkuo no gu so wɔ mmara no ase. Amanyɔkuo a ɛyɛ asɔretiafoɔ, National Loberation movement, moslem Association Party, Northern People's Party,Fa Shifimo kɛse, Togoland Congress ne Anlo Youth Organisation ka bomm tee United party, wɔ [[Kofi]] Abrefa Busia pɛn so.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20050428104411/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/NRC/VOL.%204%20Chpt.%205%20Professional%20Bodies.%20CIV%20SOC.pdf</ref> == Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == <references /> [[Nkyekyεmu:Amanyɔkuo ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ Ghana]] 6plqxpg6spxmr1o14zeqewsnwb9xudf People's Destiny Party 0 12320 132705 131873 2022-07-29T09:01:00Z Robertjamal12 8680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} {{Infobox political party | name = | logo = | logo_alt = | colorcode = <!-- HTML color code (e.g. "red", "#FF0000" or Party metadata color template) otherwise "transparent" --> | leader = | president = | chairperson = | general_secretary = | first_secretary = | secretary_general = | presidium = | standing_committee = | secretary = | spokesperson = | founder = | founded = <!-- {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | headquarters = | ideology = | international = | website = | country = Ghana }} '''People's Destiny Party''' yɛ [[Ghana]] [[Amanyɔ kuo|amanyɔkuo]] bi a ɛhyɛ abatoɔ kɔmisa a ɛwɔ Ghana ase sɛneɛ wɔbɛtumi agyina wɔ [[abatoɔ]] mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Destiny_Party#cite_note-ec-ghana-1</ref> Yɛnte kuo yi ɛbɛpere [[Ɔmanpanin (aban abodin)|Ɔmapanin]] akonnwa no wɔ 2020 abatoɔ kɛseɛ no mu <ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Destiny_Party#cite_note-2</ref>na mmom ɛyɛ ahyɛnsodeɛ a ɛkyerɛ kanea fitaa a ɛretwa ne ho wɔ akyire. Ɛfa baaboi yɛ tuntum ɛna aseɛ yɛahaban mono ahosuo. Wɔ aseɛ hɔ koraa deɛ yɛatwerɛ kuo no din nkɛseɛ, nkɛseɛ.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Destiny_Party#cite_note-ghpress-3</ref> ==Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ== o5z35l32k9v1hcx8f8w2uyims1osd2f Abusua 0 12385 132636 130197 2022-07-28T18:07:07Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ne paragraph ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''Abusua'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Abusua"}}) (efi Latin kasa mu: familya) yɛ nnipa kuo a wɔne abusuafo bɔ abusua (denam awo a wogye tom so) anaasɛ abusuabɔ (denam aware anaa abusuabɔ foforo so). Abusua no atirimpɔ ne sɛ ɛbɛma emufo ne ɔmanfo yiyedi akɔ so. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye no, mmusua de nsɛm a wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm, nhyehyɛe, ne ahobammɔ ma bere a asɔremma no nyin na wosua sɛ wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mpɔtam hɔ no.[1] Abakɔsɛm mu no, nnipa akui dodoɔ no ara de abusua di dwuma sɛ beae titiriw a wɔde nawɔn ho bata wɔn ho, wɔtete wɔn, ne wɔn fekubɔ.[2][3 nnipa dodoɔ ho animdefo kyekyɛ abusua ahyehyɛde dodoɔ no ara mu sɛ matrifocal (ɛna ne ne mma), patrifocal (agya ne ne mma), conjugal (ɔyere, ne kunu, ne mma, a wɔsan frɛ no nuklea abusua), avuncular (ɔbarima, ne nuabea, . ne ne mma), anaasɛ wɔatrɛw mu (wɔ awofo ne mmofra akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ nananom, ne maame nuabanom, ne papa nua mma, anaa wɔn nuabanom). Abusua anato ho asɛm no botae ne sɛ ɛbɛhwehwɛ abusua mmusua mu denam abakɔsɛm so. Abusua nso yɛ sikasɛm mu ade titiriw a wosua ho ade wɔ abusua sikasɛm mu. Wobetumi de asɛmfua "mmusua" adi dwuma wɔ kasakoa kwan so de ayɛ akuo a ɛka nnipa nyinaa ho kɛse te sɛ mpɔtam, ɔman, ne wiase nyinaa akuraa. == Asetenam == c. C. Harris ka sɛ atɔe fam adwene a ɛfa abusua ho no yɛ nea emu nna hɔ na ɛne ofie no yɛ basaa, sɛnea ɛda adi wɔ nsɛm ahorow a wɔde asɛmfua no di dwuma wom no mu no.[12] Olivia Harris ka sɛ saa adwene a ɛyɛ basaa yi nyɛ akwanhyia, na mmom ɛkyerɛ abusua adwene a ɛne kapitalist, atɔe fam aman a wɔhyɛ asetra mu mmara a ɛka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ nuklea abusua mufoɔ bom tra, na ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔnyɛ abusuafo saa no bom tra; ɛmfa ho adwene ne mmara mu nhyɛso ahorow no, mmusua ɔha biara mu nkyem kɛseɛ no ne nuklea abusua su a eye no nhyia.[13] '''Kɛseɛ''' mmea awo dodoɔ nyinaa gu ahodoɔ wɔ ɔman biara mu, efi mmɔfra 6.76 a wɔwoo wɔn/ɔbea wɔ Niger kosi 0.81 a ɛba fam wɔ Singapore (ɛde besi afe 2015).[14] Awo dodoɔ no ara sua wɔ Europa Apuei Fam ne Europa Kesee Fam aman dodoɔ no ara mu, na ɛkɔ soro wɔ Afrika aman dodoɔ no ara a ɛwɔ Sahara anafo fam no mu.[14] Wɔ amammerɛ ahodoɔ bi mu no, abusua kɛse a ɛna no pɛ no nya mmɔfra no de so nkɛntɛnso kosi mpanyin afe so.[15] Ɔwofo mma dodoɔ ne mma dodoɔ a awiei koraa no wɔn mma bɛwo no wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse.[16] == Ahodoɔ == ɛwom sɛ atɔe famfo amammerɛ mu nnipa ho animdefo ne asetra ho animdefo a wodii kan no buu abusua ne abusuafo sɛ ɛne abusuabɔ ahodoɔ wɔ amansan nyinaa mu denam "mogya" so (a egyina nsusuwii ahorow a abu so wɔ wɔn ankasa amammerɛ ahorow mu so) nanso nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe akyiri yi[5] ada no adi sɛ aman pii mmom na wɔte abusua ase denam adwene a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛtra abom no so, aduan a wɔkyɛ (e.g. nufusu abusuafo) ne ɔhwɛ ne ntetee a wɔkyɛ. Asetra ho animdefo wɔ anigye titiriw wɔ abusua ahodoɔ no dwumadi ne ne gyinabea wɔ aman a wɔakyekyɛ mu (titiriw kapitalist) mu.[citation needed] Sɛnea nhomanimfo Max Weber, Alan Macfarlane, Steven Ozment, Jack Goody ne Peter Laslett adwuma kyerɛ no, nsakrae kɛse a ɛde nnɛyi aware bae wɔ Atɔe Fam demokrase aman mu no “nyamesom-amammerɛ gyinapɛn nhyehyɛe a Yudasom mu nneɛma bi, tete Kristosom, de mae no na ɛmaa ɛyɛɛ den.” , Roma Katolekfo mmara ne Protestantfo Ɔsesɛw".[17] Asetena mu nsɛm, abakɔsɛm ne nnipa ho nhwehwɛmu pii de ne ho hyɛ nsakrae yi ase, ne nsakrae a ɛba abusua no mu a ɛba bere kɔ so no ase. Levitan ka sɛ: '''Abusua a awo ntoatoaso pii wom''' lAbakɔsɛm mu no abusua su a na abu so sen biara ne nea nananom, awofo, ne mmofra bom tra mu sɛ kuo biako. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ofie no betumi ayɛ afu bi wuranom, wɔn mma a wɔanyinyin no mu bako (anaa nea ɛboro saa), abofra a wanyin no hokafo, ne abofra a wanyin no ankasa mma (wuranom no mmanana). Wɔmfa abusua kɛse no mufo nka abusua kuw yi ho. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔde awo ntoatoaso mmusua a "wɔahuruw" te sɛ nananom a wɔne wɔn mmanana te ka ho.[19] wɔ U.S. no, nhyehyɛe yi so te wɔ Wiase Ko II akyi, na ɛkɔɔ fam wɔ afe1980 mu, bere a na nnipa aduowɔtwe biara mu biako te abusua a awo ntoatoaso pii wom mu wɔ U.S. no.[19] Nnipa dodoɔ no akɔ soro fi saa bere no, nnipa aduonum biara mu biako wɔ U.S. te abusua a awo ntoatoaso pii wom mu de besi afe 2016.[20] Nnipa dodoɔ mu nsakrae ne sikasɛm mu nsakrae a ɛbata Boomerang Awo Ntoatoaso no ho no fa bi na ɛma nkurɔfoɔ ani gye ho kɛse.[19] Awoɔ ntoatoasoɔ ahodoɔ afie ntaa mma wɔ Canada, baabi a na nnipa bɛyɛ 6% a wɔte [[Canada]] no te awoɔ ntoatoasoɔ ahodoɔ mmusua mu kɔsi afe 2016, nanso na awoɔ ntoatoasoɔ ahodoɔ afie dodoɔ no rekɔ soro ntɛmntɛm, a ɛnam Aboriginefoɔ mmusua dodoɔ a ɛrekɔ soro, atubrafoɔ mmusua, ne adan a ɛdɔɔso nti ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ mmeae bi.[21] '''Aware (nuklea) abusua''' wɔtaa de asɛmfua "nuklea abusua" di dwuma de kyerɛ aware mmusua. Abusua "aware" no fa ahokafo ne mmɔfra a wɔnwaree a wɔn mfe nkɔɔ anim nkutoo ho.[22][failed verification] Asetra ho animdefo binom[a?] kyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda awarefo mmusua ntam (a ɛde ne ho kakra wɔ awofo no abusuafo ne mmusua afoforo mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so no ho ) ne nuklea mmusua (a wɔne wɔn abusuafo kura abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den kakra).[23][24] abusua nhyehyɛe afoforo – a (sɛ nhwɛso no) awofo a wɔadi afra, awofo a wonni ahokafo, ne ofie ayɔnkofa – afi ase rekasa atia nuklea abusua no su a ɛyɛ daa no.[25][26][27] '''Awofo biako abusua''' Abusua a ɔwofo biako na wɔwom no yɛ ɔwofo baako ne wɔn mma, baabi a ɔwofo no yɛ okunafo, wagyae aware (na ɔnsan nware bio), anaasɛ ɔnwaree da. Ebia ɔwofo no nkutoo na ɔwɔ mmofra no sohwɛ, anaasɛ awofo a wɔatetew mu no betumi ayɛ awofo a wɔbɛkyɛ ho nhyehyɛe a mmofra no kyekyɛ wɔn bere mu (ebia ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ) wɔ ɔwofo biako mmusua abien a ɛsono emu biara mu anaasɛ ɔwofo biako abusua biako ne abusua biako a wɔadi afra ntam. Sɛ wɔde toto mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn nkutoo ho a, mmofra honam fam, adwene ne asetra mu yiyedi betumi atu mpɔn denam awofo a wɔkyɛ wɔn ho nhyehyɛe ne mmofra a wobenya awofo baanu no nyinaa ho kwan kɛse so.[28][29] Ɔwofo biako mmusua dodow akɔ soro[bere bɛn?], na mmofra a wɔwɔ United States nyinaa mu bɛyɛ fã bɛtra awofo biako abusua mu wɔ bere bi mu ansa na wɔadi mfe 18.[30] Mmusua dodow no ara a awofo bako na wɔwom no, ɛna na odi wɔn anim, nanso mmusua a awofo bako na wɔwom a agyanom na wodi wɔn anim no dodoɔ renya nkɔanim.[31][32][33] '''Matrifocal abusua''' "Matrifocal" abusua no yɛ ɛna ne ne mma.[34] Mpɛn pii no, saa mmofra yi ne n’asefo a wɔwoo wɔn, ɛwom sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ mmofra a wɔfa wɔn sɛ wɔn mma no kɔ so wɔ ɔman biara mu de. Saa abusua yi taa ba wɔ baabi a mmea wɔ nneɛma a wɔn ankasa betumi atete wɔn mma, anaasɛ mmarima tumi tu mmirika sen mmea. Sɛ nkyerɛase no, "abusua anaa ofie kuw bi yɛ matrifocal bere a ɛfa ɔbea ne ne mma ho no. Wɔ eyi mu no, saa mmofra yi agya (wɔn) wɔ kuo no asetra mu bere ne bere mu na wogye dibea a ɛto so abien." Mmofra no maame nyɛ mmɔfra no agyanom no mu baako yere ankasa."[35] Wɔde edin no, matrifocal, too gua wɔ Guiana nanso wɔkyerɛ ase wɔ ɔkwan soronko so wɔ aman afoforo so. Wɔ Nayar mmusua fam no, abusua no wɔ ɔbarima no sɛ "mfinimfini" anaa abusua no ti, anaasɛ ɛyɛ mpena/agya/onua, sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ɛna.[34] asɛmfua "abusua a wɔatrɛw mu" nso abu so, titiriw wɔ United States. Saa asɛmfua yi wɔ ntease ahorow abien a ɛsono emu biara: Ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ asɛmfua a ɛne "consanguinal abusua" (consanguine kyerɛ "mogya koro no ara mu"). Wɔ aman a awarefo abusua di so mu no, ɛkyerɛ "abusuafo" (abusuafo a wɔyɛ ahomaso a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a ɛtrɛw kɔ akyiri sen ofie kuw no) a wɔnyɛ awarefo abusua no mufo. Saa ahorow yi kyerɛ nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛyɛ papa anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmara a wohu wɔ aman pɔtee bi mu. Ɔman biara bɛda nsakrae bi adi wɔ mmusua a wɔahyehyɛ ne wɔn adwene ankasa mu.[citation needed] Abakɔsɛm mu no, na mmusua a wɔatrɛw mu ne abusua kuw titiriw wɔ Katolekfo amammerɛ ne aman mu (te sɛ Europa Kesee Fam ne Latin Amerika),[36] ne Asia, Mfinimfini Apuei ne Apuei Fam Ortodɔks aman mu. '''Abusua a wɔpa wo''' Asɛmfua abusua a wɔpa wo, a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔsan frɛ no "abusua a wɔapa wo" anaa "abusua a wɔahu" no abu so wɔ LGBTfo mu, asraafo a wɔadi ako, ankorankoro a wɔayɛ wɔn ayayade, ne wɔn a wɔne wɔn awofo "awofo" nni nkitaho biara. Ɛkyerɛ nnipa kuw a wɔwɔ ankorankoro bi asetra mu a ɛma abusua dwumadi a ɛtaa ba sɛ mmoa nhyehyɛe no di ho dwuma. Asɛmfua no ma nsonsonoe da "abusua a wofi mu" (abusua a wɔwom anaasɛ nea wɔtete nnipa wom) ne wɔn a wɔde nsi fa saa dwuma a eye no ntam.[37] Abusua a wɔpa wo no betumi ayɛ abusua a wofi mu no mufo bi anaa wɔn nyinaa anaasɛ wɔrenka ho. Saa abusua yi nyɛ abusua a edi abusua nhyehyɛe "a ɛyɛ daa" akyi te sɛ agya, ɛna, ne mma a wɔwɔ. Eyi yɛ abusua yɛ nnipa kuw a wɔde wɔn ho to wɔn ho wɔn ho so te sɛ nea abusua a wofi mu bɛyɛ.[38] Saa nsɛmfua yi fi nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ LGBT ankorankoro pii, sɛ wopue a, wohyia pow anaa aniwu fi mmusua a wɔtetee wɔn wom no hɔ.[39] Ankorankoro a wɔwɔ anammɔn 12 no mu nso de asɛmfua abusua a wɔpaw no di dwuma, a wɔde "abusua" abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ba denam ahotɔ nhyehyɛe no so. Sɛ́ abusua nhyehyɛe no, mmusua a wɔpa wo wɔn no hyia nsɛm a ɛyɛ soronko. Sɛ mmara kwan so ahobammɔ nni hɔ a, mmusua a wɔpaw no betumi apere bere a aduruyɛ, nhomasua anaa aban ahyehyɛde ahorow ntumi nhu sɛ ɛyɛ mmara kwan so de no.[39] Sɛ abusua a wofi mu no apow abusua a wɔapa wo wɔn no mufo a, wobetumi adi awerɛhoɔ a wɔde besi ananmu, abufu, adehwere, anaasɛ dadwen a wɔde bɛbata wɔn abusua foforo no ho.[39] '''Abusua a wɔadi afra''' asɛmfua abusua a wɔadi afra anaa mpena abusua no kyerɛ mmusua a awofo a wɔadi afra wom: awofo biako anaa wɔn baanu nyinaa san waree, de kan abusua no mma ba abusua foforo no mu.[40] Afei nso wɔ asetra ho adesua mu, titri wɔ asetra mu adwene ho ɔbenfo Michael Lamb nhoma ahoro mu no,[41] atetesɛm abusua no kyerɛ "abusua a ɛwɔ mfinimfini a wɔwɔ agya a onya abodoo ne ɛna a ɔtra fie, a wɔn aware wɔn ho wɔn ho na wɔtete wɔn awosu mufo." mmofra," na ɛnyɛ amanne kwan so de ma nea ɛka mmara yi ho. Mprempren U.S. afie dodow no ara nyɛ amanne wɔ saa nkyerɛase yi ase.[42] Wɔn a wɔkasa tia asɛmfua "amammerɛ abusua" no kyerɛ sɛ wɔ amammerɛ dodoɔ no ara mu ne mmere dodoɔ no ara mu no, abusua a wɔatrɛw mu nhwɛso no na abu so kɛse, ɛnyɛ nuklea abusua no,[43] ɛwom sɛ anya atetesɛm a ɛware wɔ England[44] sen de Europa ne Asia mmeae afoforo a ɛde atubrafo pii baa Amerika no. Nuklea abusua no bɛyɛɛ ɔkwan a abu so sen biara wɔ U.S. wɔ 1960 ne 1970 mfe no mu.[45] Wɔ nkitahodi nhyehyɛe ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ mmusua mu ho no, gyidi ahodoɔ bi wɔ abusua no mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ emufo di nkitaho na wɔne wɔn di nkitaho. Saa abusua nkitahodi nhyehyɛe ahorow yi fi gyidi ahorow abien a ɛhyɛ ase mu. Baako ne nkɔmmɔbɔ kwankyerɛ (baabi a wobu hia a nkitahodi ho hia no sɛ ɛsom bo kodu) ne abien, kwankyerɛ a ɛfa nneɛma a ɛne ne ho hyia ho (baabi a ɛsɛ sɛ mmusua si nsɛdi anaa nsonsonoe a ɛfa suban, gyidi, ne gyinapɛn ahodoɔ ho so dua kodu).[46] Mmusua a wɔde afrafra yɛ nea emu yɛ den, efi mmusua a wɔyɛ mpena so kosi mmusua a wɔbom tra so (ankorankoro bi a ɔne ahwɛfo a wɔnwaree a wɔne mpena anaa anuanom fã te). Bere a ɛnyɛ soronko koraa wɔ mpena mmusua ho no, mmusua a wɔbom tra no de adwene mu nkɛntɛnso a abu so ba mmerante ne mmabaa so.[47] Anka mmabun binom bɛtaa "nsɛmmɔnedi nneyɛe," na wɔahyia ɔhaw ahorow wɔ sukuu mu fi adesua mu mmɔdenbɔ a ɛso tew so kosi nneyɛe a ɛde ɔhaw ba a ɛkɔ soro so. Ɛne nhwehwɛmu afoforo a wɔyɛe wɔ mpena mmusua akwan horow so a ebinom nyaa abusua mu osuahu, nanso afoforo nni abusuabɔ no hyia. Nkate mu a wɔtwe wɔn ho fi mmusua a wɔyɛ mpena mufo ho no boa ma saa adwenem naayɛ yi ba, na ɛma nhyɛso a ebia mmusua yi de besi hɔ no kɔ anim.[48] Nsakrae a efi abusua dedaw mu kɔ abusua foforo a ɛhyɛ mmusua a wɔadi afra ase no nso bɛyɛ ɔhaw efisɛ ebia dwumadi ahorow a bere bi na wɔyɛ wɔ abusua dedaw no mu no renkɔ so yiye wɔ abusua foforo no mu mma mmabun. '''Abusua a wɔware ɔyere bako''' Abusua a wɔware ɔyere biako no gyina mmara kwan so anaa asetra mu ɔyere biako a wɔware so. Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, ankorankoro bi wɔ ɔhokafo biako pɛ (a ɔyɛ aban de) wɔ wɔn nkwa nna mu anaa bere biara mu (i.e. serial monogamy).[50] Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia obi rennya awarefo ahorow pii a mmara ma ho kwan bere koro mu, efisɛ eyi taa yɛ nea aware abien ho mmara bara, (adeyɛ a ɛne sɛ obi ne obi bɛware bere a ɔda so ara ware ɔfoforo wɔ mmara kwan so[51]) wɔ tumidi ahodoɔ a hwehwɛ sɛ wɔware ɔyere bako. == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == 14s66nvfwczcdcoj22j12hbhrgqtuet Ɔtwerɛtwerɛfoɔ / Ɔtwerɛtwerɛni 0 12388 132613 130192 2022-07-28T17:11:01Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref>1][2][3] == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.[4] Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.[2] Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.[5] == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == oyjbii3cjbpa5ga4jfujdhlwwteyvyn 132615 132613 2022-07-28T17:13:03Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order</ref>1][2][3] == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.[4] Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.[2] Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.[5] == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == p4wz7vuyp12oo9ipbhjnuf7k477rmku 132616 132615 2022-07-28T17:16:19Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order</ref><ref>http://www.robertsrules.com/inbrief.html</ref>1][2][3] == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.[4] Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.[2] Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.[5] == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == b7vol86x3pm6903pwf6d5pv15hffnup 132617 132616 2022-07-28T17:17:00Z Afriyie34 10662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order</ref><ref>http://www.robertsrules.com/inbrief.html</ref> == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.[4] Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.[2] Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.[5] == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == qjhowhmdpyikk8d2n96wast52pmnegl 132618 132617 2022-07-28T17:18:24Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order</ref><ref>http://www.robertsrules.com/inbrief.html</ref> == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.<ref>http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Office-and-Administrative-Support/Secretaries-and-administrative-assistants.htm/</ref> Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.[2] Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.[5] == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == 86d2t4zx2mey3kn3jzr2x5k18494zw0 132620 132618 2022-07-28T17:20:14Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order</ref><ref>http://www.robertsrules.com/inbrief.html</ref> == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.<ref>http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Office-and-Administrative-Support/Secretaries-and-administrative-assistants.htm/</ref> Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.[2] Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/secretary?show=0&t=1391421751</ref> == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == ofmw43di9wgpkol3fr4bwsfp91bzr1t 132621 132620 2022-07-28T17:21:33Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Akuapem}} '''ɔtwerɛwfo'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "ɔtwerɛfoɔ"}}), adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ adwuma so, anaa ankorankoro boafo yɛ obi a n’adwuma ne sɛ ɔbɛboa adwumayɛfo, a mpanyimfo ka ho, de adwuma no sohwɛ, nkitahodi, anaa ahyehyɛde no ho nimdeɛ ahorow di dwuma. Nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde saa dwumadie yi frafra ɔtwerɛwfoɔ panin dwumadie, a ɛsono ankorankoro boafoɔ. wobetumi ayɛ ankorankoro boafo nnwuma koraa de aboa adwumayɛfo foforo biako anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛbɛboa wɔn a wɔboro biako. Wɔ tebea afoforo mu no ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ fekuo anaa ahyehyɛde bi panin a ɔhwɛ nkrataakyerɛw so, gye asɔremma foforo, na ɔyɛ aban nhyiam ne nsɛm a esisi ho nhyehyɛe.<ref>https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/secretary.aspx</ref><ref name=":0">https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order</ref><ref>http://www.robertsrules.com/inbrief.html</ref> == Nnwuma ne dwumadie ahodoɔ == ɔtwerɛwfo a wɔsan frɛ no ankorankoro boafo (PA) anaa adwumayɛfo boafo no betumi anya adwumayɛ ho nnwuma pii. Wɔntaa mfa abodin "ɔkyerɛwfo" nni dwuma te sɛ mfe du du a atwam no, na asɛyɛde ahorow aba sɛnea mfiridwuma bere no te, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya nimdeɛ wɔ softwea te sɛ Microsoft Office suite of applications mu. Nnwuma no betumi ayɛ soronko sɛnea adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde no te ne ne kɛse te, na ebetumi ayɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔhwɛ so, nhoma a wɔbɛkora so, telefon so frɛ a wɔbɛkɔ, nsrahwɛfo a wobedi wɔn ho dwuma, wɛbsaet ahorow a wɔbɛhwɛ so, akwantu ho nhyehyɛe, ne ɛka ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɛyɛ. Akyerɛwfo nso betumi ahwɛ nhyiam anaa nhyiam a ɛkorɔn a wɔbɛyɛ ho nsɛm a ɛfa adwumayɛ ho nyinaa so na wɔayɛ wɔn asɛyɛde sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduan a wɔde bɛma awia aduan nhyiam ho nhyehyɛe. Mpɛn pii no mpanyimfo bɛka akyerɛ wɔn boafo no sɛ ɔmfa simma no nkɔ nhyiam horow ase na onsiesie nhyiam ho nkrataa mma wɔnhwɛ mu.<ref>http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Office-and-Administrative-Support/Secretaries-and-administrative-assistants.htm/</ref> Wɔ nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛwfo no asɛyɛde sɛ ɔkora adwumakuw anaa ahyehyɛde bi kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow a aban de ma no nyinaa so.<ref name=":0" />Wɔsan nso bu ɔkyerɛwfo sɛ "ɔfese sohwɛfo". == Nsɛmfua asekyerɛ == Wonyaa asɛmfua no fii Latin asɛmfua secernere, "sɛ́ wobɛma nsonsonoe aba" anaa "sɛ wobɛtew mu", adeyɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ adwuma (secretum) a ɛkyerɛ "wɔayi afi mu", a awiei koraa no ɛkyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ kokoam anaasɛ kokoamsɛm, sɛnea ɛte wɔ Engiresi asɛmfua no ho no asumasɛm. Enti, na ɔkyerɛwfo yɛ obi a ɔhwɛ adwuma so wɔ kokoam, mpɛn pii no ma onipa bi a ɔwɔ tumi (ɔhene, pope, ne nea ɛkeka ho). Esiane sɛ nnɛyi ɔkyerɛwfo nnwuma taa da so ara yɛ kokoam nsɛm a odi ho dwuma nti, ntease ankasa a ɛwɔ wɔn abodin no mu no da so ara yɛ nokware.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/secretary?show=0&t=1391421751</ref> == Mfiase == Efi Renaissance bere so kosi afeha a ɛto so 19 awiei no, na mmarima a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ da biara da nkrataakyerɛw ne tumidifo dwumadi ahorow mu no afa abodin sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo. Bere kɔɔ so no, te sɛ abodin pii no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma wɔ nnwuma pii a egu ahorow mu, na ɛde abodin ahorow a wɔabom ayɛ de akyerɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwuma ahorow yiye, te sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo panyin anaa sikasɛm ho ɔkyerɛwfo. "Ɔkyerɛwfo" kɛkɛ kɔɔ so de dii dwuma sɛ asɛmfua tiawa bere a emu da hɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa ho no mu anaasɛ dibea ahorow a ɛba fam koraa te sɛ ɔpanyin (ɔpanyin) a ɔhwɛ so no boafo a ɔhwɛ adwuma so, ankorankoro anaasɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛwfo adwumayɛbea bi muni. Bere a adwuma a ɛte saa a enni nkɛntɛnso kɛse no bɛyɛɛ mmea de kɛse na ɛtaa ba bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ɔman ne ankorankoro nnwuma mu no dɔɔso no, wɔyɛɛ nsɛmfua foforo nso de kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu, te sɛ ankorankoro boafo == Nteteeɛ == wɔ [[United States]] no, ahokokwaw ahorow ne sɛnea wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea foforo mu ho hia. Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa pɛ mfe anan abodin krataa na mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mfe abien abodin krataa. Ɔkwan foforo a wubetumi afa so ne sɛ wubenya adwumayɛfo adansedi krataa afi ɔman no fekuw bi hɔ. == Beaɛ a Menye mmoa firiɛ == izck4tw9wp7deeybl7axjdlmfu5nvvd Ntoasoɔ Sukuu 0 12395 132622 130195 2022-07-28T17:28:27Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.[1][2][3] Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.[4][5] == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia[6] mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == 1d7zbjmk1mntxsi8oxhlvcmwkm6cg68 132624 132622 2022-07-28T17:30:52Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref>[1][2][3] Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.[4][5] == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia[6] mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == 1misa2mho8fgdw76f6fapgb6wl56ro9 132625 132624 2022-07-28T17:33:14Z Afriyie34 10662 Me d reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref>[2][3] Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.[4][5] == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia[6] mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == qhgycvmvzrvyoaed1k994t0gbc8zak5 132627 132625 2022-07-28T17:36:16Z Afriyie34 10662 Ma obiara nhunu wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.[4][5] == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia[6] mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == j1sg7vbzp8wa5ometk9ehcsxkh5gf8u 132629 132627 2022-07-28T17:38:25Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm</ref>[4][5] == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia[6] mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == dxraciwg2i5cn1tbvlpyfob03g8gfy2 132630 132629 2022-07-28T17:39:41Z Afriyie34 10662 Me down reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170525154803/http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia[6] mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == mztkwh33yi0v0ggwaxd311ylh3rd32a 132631 132630 2022-07-28T17:41:10Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170525154803/http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia<ref>http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/international-standard-classification-of-education-isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.[6] Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.[6] == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == b567c7y44hv3d7qxx2mkyb2thpq2eza 132632 132631 2022-07-28T17:42:18Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170525154803/http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia<ref name=":0">http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/international-standard-classification-of-education-isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.<ref name=":0" /> Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.<ref name=":0" /> == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:[7] == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == 59tx13ag9z1tcuvy03fdcgdyl7uazka 132633 132632 2022-07-28T17:44:20Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de reference ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170525154803/http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia<ref name=":0">http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/international-standard-classification-of-education-isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.<ref name=":0" /> Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.<ref name=":0" /> == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:<ref>https://trans4mind.com/personal_development/writing/Readability_software/briishAmericanComparison.htm</ref> == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == cl6jpi57q8kv1byhneetlhqc6ur7anp 132634 132633 2022-07-28T17:56:55Z Afriyie34 10662 /* Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Ntoaso sukuu'''({{Audio|tw-Mpasua.ogg|pronounciation of "Ntoasoɔ Sukuu"}}) kyerɛkyerɛ asoɛe bi a ɛma ntoaso sukuu mu na ɛsan nso taa de ɔdan a eyi kɔ so no ka ho. Ntoaso sukuu ahorow bi de ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam (mfe 11 kosi 14) ne ntoaso sukuu (mfe 14 kosi 18) nyinaa ma, i.e., ISCED nsenia no fã 2 ne 3 nyinaa, nanso wobetumi de eyinom nso ama wɔ sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara mu. Wɔ U.S. no, ntoaso sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ mfinimfini sukuu ne ntoaso sukuu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara. Wɔ UK no, ɔman sukuu dodow no ara ne sukuu ahorow a ankorankoro de sika ma no ma asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 11–16 anaa 11–18; UK ankorankoro sukuu ahorow bi a ɛyɛ fɛ, i.e. ɔman sukuu ahorow, gye asuafo a wɔadi fi mfe 13 kosi 18 tom.<ref>https://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/projects/the-british-education-system/</ref><ref>https://www.harrowschool.org.uk/admissions/admissions-home</ref><ref>https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/entry-to-eton/</ref> Ntoaso sukuu ahodoɔ di akyi fi mfitiase sukuu ahodoɔ mu na wosiesie wɔn ho ma adwumayɛ anaa sukuupɔn ahorow. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nhyɛ ma asuafoɔ kɔ sukuu kɔsi sɛ wɔbɛdi mfeɛ 16. Ahyehyɛdeɛ, adan, ne nsɛmfua no yɛ soronko kɛseɛ anaa kakraa bi wɔ ɔman biara mu.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170525154803/http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> == Nhomasua mu gyinabea ahodoɔ == Wɔ ISCED 2011 nwomasua nsenia<ref name=":0">http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/international-standard-classification-of-education-isced-2011-en.pdf</ref> mu no, ɔfa 2 ne 3 no ne ntoasoɔ sukuu a ɛte sɛ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi hyia: Ntoaso sukuu a ɛwɔ fam - Ntoaso sukuu fã a edi kan a wɔde si mfitiase nhomasua so, mpɛn pii no wɔde adesua nhyehyɛe a ɛfa adesua ho kɛse. Asuafoɔ no taa di bɛyɛ mfeɛ 12–16.<ref name=":0" /> Ntoaso sukuu adesua - Ntoaso sukuu fã a ɛto so abien ne adesua a etwa to a ɛwɔ sukuupɔn mu ma asuafo a wɔtaa di mfe 16–18, a wosiesie wɔn ho ma sukuupɔn/mpanyin nhomasua anaasɛ wɔde adwuma a ɛfa ahokokwaw ho ma. Mpɛn pii no ɛne asɛmti ahorow a wɔpaw ne nsuten ahorow a ɛkɔ soro.<ref name=":0" /> == Nsɛmfua: nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa akuw ahodoɔ ho. == Wɔ wiase a wɔka Borɔfo kasa no mu no, nhyehyɛe abiɛsa na wɔde di dwuma kɛse de kyerɛkyerɛ mfe a abofra no adi mu. Nea edi kan ne ‘mfe a ɛne no sɛ’; afei aman a wɔde wɔn nhomasua nhyehyɛe gyina ‘English nhwɛso’ so no de akwan abien no mu biako di dwuma de kyerɛ afe kuw no, bere a aman a wɔde wɔn nhyehyɛe gyina ‘Amerika K-12 nhwɛso’ so no frɛ wɔn afe akuw ahorow no sɛ ‘abasobɔde’. Wɔahyehyɛ Irelandfo nhwɛso no te sɛ Engiresifo nhwɛso no, nanso ɛwɔ nsonsonoe kɛse wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow ho. Saa nsɛmfua yi trɛw kɔ nhwehwɛmu nhoma ahorow no mu. Aman bi a wɔde toto ho wɔ ase ha:<ref>https://trans4mind.com/personal_development/writing/Readability_software/briishAmericanComparison.htm</ref> :<ref name="ward">{{cite web|last1=Ward|first1=Ken|title=British and American Systems (Grades)|url=https://trans4mind.com/personal_development/writing/Readability_software/briishAmericanComparison.htm|url-status=live|access-date=30 March 2017|website=trans4mind.com|language=en|archive-date=31 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331205354/https://trans4mind.com/personal_development/writing/Readability_software/briishAmericanComparison.htm}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Secondary cohorts |- ! colspan="2" |Equivalent age|| 11–12 || 12–13 || 13–14 || 14–15 || 15–16 || 16–17 || 17–18 |- | rowspan="2" |[[United States]] | Grade ||6||7||8 ||9||10 ||11||12 |- | Nickname || || || ||[[Freshman]]||[[Sophomore]]||[[Junior (education year)|Junior]]||[[Senior (education)|Senior]] |- | rowspan="4" |[[United Kingdom]] | [[England]]/[[Wales]]: Form ||First ||Second ||Third ||Fourth||Fifth ||Lower Sixth||Upper Sixth |- | England/Wales: Year ||7||8||9||10||11||12||13 |- |[[Scotland]] | |S1 |S2 |S3 |S4 |S5 |S6 |- |[[Northern Ireland]]: Year |8 |9 |10 |11 |12 |13 |14 |- | rowspan="2" |[[Republic of Ireland]] |Other name | |Junior Cycle |Junior Cycle |Junior Cycle |Transition Year |Senior Cycle |Senior Cycle |- |Class & year |6th Class |1st Year |2nd Year |3rd Year |4th Year |5th Year |6th Year |- | rowspan="3" |[[Jamaica]] |Form |First |Second |Third |Fourth |Fifth |Lower Sixth (6B) |Upper Sixth (6A) |- |Year |7 |8 |9 |10 |11 |12 |13 |- |Grouping | colspan="3" |Lower School | colspan="2" |Upper School | colspan="2" |Sixth Form Programme |- | colspan="2" |ISCED level||2 ||2 ||2 ||3||3 ||3 ||3 <ref name="ward" /> |- | rowspan="2" |[[Indonesia]] | Grade ||6||7||8 ||9||10 ||11||12 |- | Nickname || SD Kelas 6 || SMP Kelas 7 || SMP Kelas 8 || SMP Kelas 9 || SMA Kelas 10 || SMA Kelas 11 || SMA Kelas 12 |} == Mmara nhyehyɛ == Sukuu ahorow wɔ hɔ wɔ mmara nhyehyɛe a emu yɛ den mu, baabi a wobetumi afa mpɔtam hɔ atumfoɔ ne wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so abu akontaa akyerɛ asɔre no, ɔman no. Wɔ [[England]] (nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɛwɔ United Kingdom mmeae afoforo) no, sukuu ahorow asia na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɔman no tua ho ka a ɛne ankorankoro nnwuma no di nsɛ. Ɔman no ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ nsɛm ho ban wɔ sukuu ahorow nyinaa mu. Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow a ɔman no de sika ma wɔ England no nyinaa nya wɛbsaet a ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim wɔn nniso, sikasɛm, adesua nhyehyɛe ho adwene ne adwumayɛfo ne asuafo ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow ho nsɛm na ama wɔadi ' The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 so '. Ofsted hwɛ eyinom so.[8][9] == Nsusuwii nhyehyɛe == sukuu dan ho nhyehyɛe nkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔtew wɔn ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔdan no (anaa sukuu dan no mu) no fa: Adesua nhyehyɛe mu nsɛm Akwan a wɔfa so kyerɛkyerɛ Ka a wɔbɔ Nhomasua a ɛwɔ amammui nhyehyɛe no mu Sukuu dan a wɔde di dwuma (wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nso) . Anohyeto ahorow a wɛbsaet no de ba Design nyansapɛ Ɔman biara benya nhomasua nhyehyɛe ne nneɛma a ɛho hia titiriw.[10] Ɛsɛ sɛ sukuu ahorow no nya asuafo, adwumayɛfo, nneɛma a wɔkora so, mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa, adwumayɛfo a wɔboa ne adwumayɛfo. Wobetumi ahu adan dodow a wɔhwehwɛ no afi sukuu no nhoma mmobɔwee a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm ne beae a wohia no mu. Sɛnea gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ United Kingdom kyerɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ adesuadan a wɔde sukuufo 30 betumi atra mu no yɛ m2 55, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛma no ayamye kɛse a, ɛyɛ m2 62. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwini dan a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa ma asuafo 30 no yɛ 83 m2, nanso ɛyɛ 104 m2 ma 3D ntama adwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ drama studio anaa nyansahu mu aduruyɛdan titiriw a wɔde nnipa 30 yɛ no yɛ 90 m2. Wɔde nhwɛso ahorow ama wɔ sɛnea wobetumi asiesie eyi ama 1,200 beae a ɛto so abien (practical specialism).[11] na 1,850 nya ntoaso sukuu.[12] == Beaeɛ a menye firiɛ == 8eullnfzw2svvtunlsvmq9kax5vy66h Central Region 0 12412 132687 126873 2022-07-29T01:10:41Z InternetArchiveBot 10377 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.8 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Central Region (Mfinimfin Mantam)''' ({{Audio|tw-Central Region.ogg|pronounciation of"Central Region"}}) ka Ghana Mantam dunsia no ho. [[Asante Mantam|Asante mantam]] ne [[Apueɛ Mantam|Apueeɛ mantam]] wɔ ne atififam, [[Atɔɛ Mantam|atɔeɛ mantam]] wɔ ne atɔeɛfam, [[Nkran Mantam|Nkran mantam]] wɔ ne apueeɛfam na Gulf of Guinea nso wɔ ne anaafoɔfam. Mfinimfin mantam yɛ mantam bi a agye din wɔ ntoasoɔ sukuu a agye din yiye wɔ ɔman [[Gaana|Ghana]] mu a ɛwɔ ho nti, ne beaeɛ bi a wɔn sikasɛm wɔ soro ɛnam fagudeɛ nnwumakuo ahodoɔ ne mmeaeɛ a nkurɔfoɔ tu kwan bɛhwɛ. Mfinimfin mantam wɔ mmeaeɛ bebere a nnipa tu kwan bɛhwɛ bi te sɛ: castles, forts ne beaches a ɛtwa [[ɛpo]] no ho ahyia wɔ mfinimfin mantam mu. [[File:Central in Ghana 2018.svg|Central_in_Ghana_2018]] ''Beaeɛ a wobehunu Mfinimfin mantam wɔ Ghana map so'' [[File:Districts of the Central Region (2012).svg|Districts_of_the_Central_Region_(2012)]] ''Mansini ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ Mfinimfin mantam a ɛwɔ Ghana map so.'' == Nnipa atitire bi a wɔfiri mfinimfin mantam mu == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |Nnipa titire bi a wɔfiri mfinimfin mantam mu |- !# !Mantam no mu nnipa !Beaeɛ a wɔte |- !1 |Nana Ato Arthur |Elmina |- !2 |George Amoh |Dunkwa-Offin |- !3 |Ishmael Yartei |Agona Swedru |- !4 |Yvonne Nelson |[[Cape Coast]] |- !5 |Jackie Appiah<ref>http://www.peacefmonline.com/ghana/people/moviestars/jackie_appiah/biography/</ref> |[[Cape Coast]] |- !6 |Menaye Donkor |Agona Asafo |- !7 |Paul Boateng |Cape Coast |- !8 |Van Vicker |Cape Coast |- !9 |Majid Michel |Cape Coast |- !10 |Michael Essien<ref>http://barryhugmansfootballers.com/player/22986</ref> |Cape Coast |- !11 |John Mensah |Cape Coast |- !12 |Lydia Forson |Cape Coast |- !13 |[[Kwesi Amissah-Arthur]] |Cape Coast |- !14 |Paa Kwesi Nduom |Elmina |- !15 |Asamoah Boateng |Kormantse |- !16 |[[John Evans Atta Mills]] |Cape Coast |- !17 |[[Kwabena Kwabena]] |Gomoa Mpota |} == Sikasɛm ne mmeaeɛ a nkurɔfoɔ tu kwan bɛhwɛ == Mfinimfin mantam yɛ mantam bi a nnwomasua ahodoɔ bebere wɔ, a sukuu apapa a ɛwɔ ɔman Ghana mu bebere wɔ. Mantam no sikasɛm pii no ara gyina fagudeɛ tu ne [[ɛpo]] so. Cape Coast Castle ne Elmina Castle yɛ mmeaeɛ bi sɛ yɛfa UNESCO World Heritage Sites a adi mu akotene na ɛsan so yɛ beaeɛ bi yɛde kae nkoasom. Central Region yɛ mantam bi a mmeaeɛ ahodoɔ bebere wɔ a nnipa tumi firi mmeaeɛ foforɔ a wɔwɔ ba hɔ bɛhwɛ ne park bi te sɛ Kakum National Park.<ref>https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=3386911906db44db8ce72c5d925caec8</ref> [[Amerika]] kane mampanini Barack Obama baa Cape Coast wɔ ne akwantuo a adi kan wɔ Ghana wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne nkron (2009). == Nnwomasua == === Aban suapɔn === * [[University of Cape Coast]] * [[University of Education, Winneba]] * Cape Coast Technical University === Ankorɛankorɛ suapɔn === * KAAF University College<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.kaafuniversitycollege.edu.gh/index.php/discover-kaaf/about-us |access-date=2022-07-15 |archive-date=2015-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326083219/http://www.kaafuniversitycollege.edu.gh/index.php/discover-kaaf/about-us |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Marysons College, Cape Coast * Pan African Christian University College * Nduom School of Business and Technology === Training Colleges and PolytechnicsEdit === * Ola Training College, Old Elmina Road, Cape Coast * Presbyterian Women Training College * Gladmond Vocational Institute, Abura/Asebu/Kwamank * Methodist Voc Trg Centre, Abura/Asebu/Kwamank * Archbishop Porter's Polytechnic, Cape Coast * Fosu College of Education, Assin Fosu. * Komenda College of Education, Komenda. * Assinman Nursing and Midwifery Training College * Cape Coast Nursing and Midwifery Training College * Police Command and Staff Training College,Winneba * College of Community Nursing,Winneba === Ntoasoɔ sukuu === * Aburaman Senior High School, Abura/Asebu/Kwamank * Academy of Christ the King, Cape Coast * Adankwaman Sec/Comm, Assin Darman * Adisadel College * Aggrey Memorial Senior High School, Cape Coast * Apam Senior High School * Assin Manso Senior High School, Assin Manso * Assin North Sec/Tech, Assin Asempanaye * Assin Nsuta Senior High School, Assin Nsuta * Assin State College, Assin Bereku * Awutu-Winton Senior High School, Awutu/Efutu/Senya * Besease Sec/Comm, Ajumako Besease * Boa-Amponsem Senior High School, DUNKWA-ON-OFFIN * Breman Asikuma Senior High School, Asikuma/Od/Brakwa * Charity Comm Sch, Twifo Hemang * Charity International Senior High School, Gomoa Manso * Diaso Senior High School, Upper Denkyira * Dunkwa Sec/Tech, Dunkwa -On-Offin * Edinaman Day Senior School, Edin/Kom/Eguafo * Effutu Sec/Tech, Cape Coast * Ekumfi T.I Ahmadiyya Senior High School, Ekumfi Ekroful * Eguafo-Abrem Senior High School, Edin/Kom/Eguafo * Enyan Denkyira Senior High, Abura/Asebu/Kwamank * Eyan Denkyira Senior High School, Ajumako/Enyan/Esiam * Ghana National College * Gomoa Sec/Tech, Gomoa * Holy Child High School, Ghana * Insaanyya Senior High Business School, Kasoa * Jukwa Senior High, Twifo Hemang * Komenda Senior High School Edin/Kom/Eguafo * kumfi T. I Ahmadiiyya Senior High, Abura/Asebu/Kwamank * Kwanyako Senior High School, Agona Kwanyako * Kwegyir Aggrey Senior High School * Mando Day Senior High School, Ajumako/Enyan/Esiam * Mankessim Sec/Tech, Mankessim * Mfantsiman Girls' Secondary School * Mfantsipim School * MOSECO, Kasoa * Nsaba Presby Senior High, Agona Nsaba * Nyakrom Day Senior High, Agona Nyakrom * Nyankumase Ahenkro Senior High, Fante Nyankomase * Obama College, Mankessim * Obiri Yeboah Senior High, Assin Fosu * Obrakyere Sec/Tech Awutu/Efutu/Senya * Odoben Senior High, Asikuma/Od/Brakwa * Oguaa Sec/Tech, Cape Coast * Pank Secondary Business College, Awutu Bawjiase * Potsin T.I Ahm Senior High School, Gomoa Potsin * S.D.A Senior High School, Gomoa Manso * Saltpond Meth. Senior High, Saltpond * Sammo Senior High School, Cape Coast * Senya Senior High * St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) * Swedru School of Business * Swedru Senior high, Agona Swedru * University Practice Senior High School * Wesley Girls' High School * Winneba Senior High, Winneba * Moree Senior High Technical School == Nnuane == Adea a ɛma mfinimfin mantam foɔ agye din bi ne wɔn nnuane. Etsew and Fantefante yɛ wɔn aduane bi a wɔpɛ ne die pa ara. Dokono ne [[Fufu|fufuo]] yɛ nnuane bi a wɔde akadeɛ bi te sɛ: forɔyɛ ne nkwan ka. Nsuo mu nam yɛ aduane bi a wɔtae di pa ara. == Amammuo nkyekyɛmu == Mantam no amammuo yɛ ahemfo amammuo. Wɔ saa amammuo yi ase no, wɔkyɛ mantam no mu aduonu mmienu (22).<ref>http://www.ghanadistricts.com/Home/Region/3</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ![[Mansini]] !Mansini ti !Mpɔtam !Mmarahyɛbadwani !Amanyɔkuo |- |[[Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Abura Asebu Kwamankese]] |Abura-Dunkwa |Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese |Elvis Morris Donkoh |Ɔsono Amanyɔkuo ([[New Patriotic Party (NPP)|NPP]]) |- |[[Agona East (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Agona East]] |Nsaba |Agona East |[[Queenstar Pokuah Sawyerr|Queenstar Pokua Sawyerr]] |Kyiniiɛ Amanyɔkuo [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|(NDC)]] |- |[[Agona West (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Agona West]] Municipal |Agona Swedru |Agona West |[[Cynthia Mamle Morrison]] |NPP |- |[[Ajumako-Enyan-Essiam (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Ajumako Enyan Essiam]] |Ajumako |Ajumako-Enyan-Essiam |Cassiel Ato Baah Forson |NDC |- |[[Asikuma-Odoben-Brakwa (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Asikuma Odoben Brakwa]] |Breman Asikuma |Asikuma-Odoben-Brakwa |Alhassan Kobina Ghansah |NDC |- |[[Assin Central (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Assin Central]] Municipal |Assin Foso |Assin Central |Kennedy Ohene Agyapong |NPP |- |[[Assin North (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Assin North]] |Assin Bereku |Assin North |James Gyakye Quayson |NDC |- |[[Assin South (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Assin South]] |Nsuaem Kyekyewere |Assin South |John Ntim Fordjuor |NPP |- |[[Awutu-Senya East (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Awutu Senya East]] Municipal |Kasoa |Awutu-Senya East |Mavis Hawa Koomson |NPP |- |[[Awutu-Senya West (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Awutu Senya West]] |Awutu Breku |Awutu-Senya West |Gizella Tetteh Agbotui |NDC |- | rowspan="2" |Cape Coast Metropolitan | rowspan="2" |[[Cape Coast]] |Cape Coast North |Kwamena Minta Nyarku |NDC |- |Cape Coast South |Kweku George Ricketts-Hagan |NDC |- |[[Effutu (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Effutu]] Municipal |[[Winneba]] |Effutu |Alexander Afenyo-Markin (Deputy Majority Leader) |NPP |- |[[Ekumfi (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Ekumfi]] |Apam |Ekumfi |Abeiku Crenstil |NDC |- |[[Gomoa East (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Gomoa East]] |Potsin |Gomoa East |Desmond De-graft Paitoo |NDC |- |[[Gomoa Central (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Gomoa Central]] |Afransi |Gomoa Central |Naana Eyiah Quansah |NPP |- |[[Gomoa West (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Gomoa West]] |Esakyir |Gomoa West |Richard Gyan Mensah |NDC |- |[[Komenda-Edina Eguafo-Abbrem (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem]] Municipal |Elmina |Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem |Samuel Atta Mills |NDC |- |[[Mfantseman|Mfantsiman]] Municipal |Saltpond |Mfantseman |Ophelia Hayford |NPP |- |[[Twifo- Atii Morkwa (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Twifo Atti Morkwa]] |Twifo Praso |Twifo-Atii Morkwaa |T.D. David Vondee |NDC |- |Twifo/Heman/Lower Denkyira |[[Hemang Lower Denkyira (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Hemang]] |Hemang Lower Denkyira |Bright Wireko Brobbey |NPP |- |[[Upper Denkyira East (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Upper Denkyira East]] Municipal |Dunkwa-on-Offin |Upper Denkyira East |Festus Awuah Kwofie |NPP |- |[[Upper Denkyira West (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)|Upper Denkyira West]] |[[Diaso]] |Upper Denkyira West |Daniel Ohene Darko |NDC |} == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == i2und1tottebznpqhegz6ehf3j31l8i Nkramosom 0 12544 132688 131648 2022-07-29T01:36:19Z InternetArchiveBot 10377 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.8 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nkramosom''' (/ˈɪslɑːm/; Arabic: الإسلام, <small>romanized:</small> ''al-ʿIslām'' [ɪsˈlaːm]" wobrɛ woho ase ma Onyankopɔn"<ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam</ref> <ref>https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam</ref><ref>https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam</ref>yɛ Abraham ɔsom baako a ɛgyina Qur'an so,ɛsom twerɛsɛm a nkramofoɔ kenkan <ref>https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim</ref> a ɛyɛ onyankopɔn (Allah) anom asɛm prɛkopɛ sɛdeɛ Muhammad, Nkramosom nkɔmhyɛni titire paa daa no adi no.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001</ref><ref>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001</ref> Ɛyɛ ɛsom a ɛtɔ so mmienu wɔ wiase mu a ɛbɛn kristosom a ɛwɔ nnipa bɛboro ɔpepem mmienu a wɔdi ɛsom no akyi a ɛgyina hɔ ma ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduonu num wɔ wiase nyinaa mu.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-population-by-country</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projection-table/2010/number/all/ |access-date=2022-07-21 |archive-date=2020-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615053333/https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projection-table/2010/number/all/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nkramosom kyerɛ sɛ Onyankopɔn yɛ mmoburohunufoɔ, ɔwɔ tumi na ɔda sononko,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam#CITEREFCampo2009</ref> na adiifoɔ pii so atenetene nnipa, da twerɛsɛm no adi na nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfiri soro, a Qur'an no gyina hɔ ma ewiase adiyisɛm a ɛtwatoɔ ne Muhammad a ɔgyina hɔ ma " nkɔmhyɛfoɔ a ngosra"(Onyankopɔn nkɔmhyɛni a ɔtwatoɔ).<ref>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195305135.001.0001</ref><ref>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%3Aoiso%2F9780199812578.001.0001</ref> Muhammad (Sunnah) nkyerɛkyerɛ ne nnoɔma a ɔyɛ no a wɔde agu tete ho(hadith) ho no ma nkramofoɔ mmara foforɔ bi ma wɔdi so berɛ a Qur'an no ba wieeɛ no.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press</ref> Nkramofoɔ gyedi sɛ Nkramosom na ɛda gyedie mapa a nkɔmhyɛfoɔ pii bi te sɛ Adam, Abraham,Moses ne Yesu ɛdaa no adi mpempii no.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC</ref> saa adiyisɛm yi gyina Judaism ne kristosom so, a Nkramosom hunu no sɛ ɛyɛ yɛn nananom a wɔwɔ gyedie wɔ honhom mu.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/globalconnections/mideast/themes/religion/index.html</ref> Wɔsane hwɛ Qur'an no sɛ wɔyɛ ma Arabic no yɛ korɔgyee, a ɛbɛyɛ onyankopɔn adiyisɛm a ɛtwatoɔ ma nnipa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam#CITEREFBennett2010</ref>Te sɛ Abrahamic ɔsom afoforɔ no, Nkramosom nso kyerɛ atɛmmuo a ɛtwatoɔ a ahotefoɔ no bɛnya akatua wɔ ɔsoro aheman mu(Hannah) na wɔn a wɔho nte no wɔbɛtwe wɔn aso wɔ ogyatanaa no mu(Jahannam).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Esposito</ref> Nnoɔma a wɔyɛ wɔ ɔsom no mu yɛ nnoɔma num a nkramofoɔ gyina so som, a ɛyɛ ɔhyɛ ma obiara, ne ɔsom no mmara(sharia) yɛdi akyiri, a ɛka abrabɔ ne mpɔtam mu nsɛm biara firi sikasɛm ne yɛn apomuden so dekɔ mmaa dwumadie ne nnoɔma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam#CITEREFEsposito2002b</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica</ref> Nkuro a ɛwɔ mecca,medi a ne Yerusalem yɛ efie ma beaeɛ mmiɛnsa a ɛyɛ kronkron wɔ nkramosom mu, wɔ n'akɛseɛ mu: Masjid al-Haram, Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, ne Al-Aqsa nkramosom dan.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaroslav_Trofimov</ref> Sɛ yɛhwɛ abakɔsɛm mu a, Nkramosom firi 7th century ahyɛaseɛ wɔ Arabian Peninsula a ɛbɛn mecca.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5</ref> Ɔsom no frɛɛ Arabia abɔntene so berɛ Muhammad firii mu no, wɔ 8th century mu no, umayyad caliphate de mmara baeɛ bɛtoo yɛn so a ɛfiri Liberia Peninsula a ɛwɔ west dekɔ India valley a ɛwɔ apueɛ. Nkramosom Golden Age yɛ berɛ a wɔnam amammerɛ kwan so wahyɛ ato hɔ firi 8th century dekɔ 13th century, wɔ Abbasid caliphate so a na nkramofoɔ no nya abɔdeɛ mu nyansapɛ, sikasɛm, ne amammerɛ a ɛtu mpɔn.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Saliba</ref> <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150402150434/http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%208.html</ref>Nkuro ahodoɔ pii ne caliphates bi te sɛ Ottoman Empire, dwadie a ano yɛ den ne wɔn a wɔsesa firi wɔn som mu ɛnam Nkramosom nnwuma a wɔdie nti na ama Nkramosom no mu atrɛ(dawah). <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Walker_Arnold</ref> Nnipa a ɛwɔ wiase a wɔyɛ nkramofoɔ pii no ara ayɛ Nkramosom nsɔre mmienu: a sunni(85-90%) <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&pg=PA3</ref>anaa Shia (10-15%); <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100706231326/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html</ref>woka bom a wɔ aman aduanan nkron no dɔɔso so paa ara yie. <ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-majority-countries</ref>Sunni-shia nsonsonoeɛ no ba wɔberɛ nteaseɛ nyɛ adwuma wɔ nea ɔbɛdi Muhammad na ɔnyaa amanyɔsɛm bi te sɛ adesua ne juridical nkyekyɛmu.<ref>Tayeb El-Hibri, Maysam J. al Faruqi (2004). "Sunni Islam". In Philip Mattar (ed.). ''The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa'' (2nd ed.). MacMillan Reference.</ref> Nnipa ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu du mmienu Indonesia,ɔman a nkramofoɔ pii no ara te a agyedin; nnipa ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduasa baako te South Asia, <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C</ref>nnipa aduonu te Middle East -North [[Abibrem|Africa]]; na ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu du num te sub-saharan.<ref>https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/</ref>nnipa ɛwɔ nkramofoɔ mpɔtam nso ba [[Amerika|America]],[[China]] ne Europe.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/features/2018/03/07/islam-in-russia/</ref><ref>https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230</ref>Ɛwɔ sɛ nkramofoɔ yɛ " ekuo a ne som no yɛ hare"wɔ mfeɛ pii a ɛdi yɛn anim no,ɛnam sɛ a nnipa dɔɔso a yɛde torotoro setie a wɔnyɛ ma ɔsom foforɔ.<ref>The Changing Global Religious Landscape</ref> == N'abɔseɛ == Wɔ Arabic no , Nkramosom (Arabic: إسلام <abbr>lit.</abbr> 'submission [to God]') yɛ edin a ɛfiri adeyɛ سلم (''salama''), ɛfiri triliteral root س-ل-م (''S-L-M''), a ɛka bom yɛ nsɛmfua mua a ɛgyina hɔ ma koro, ahofama, nokwaredie ne asomdwoe.<ref>http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm</ref> Nkramosom yɛ Form IV edin a yɛka no yɛanom a ɛkyerɛ sɛ "ahofama" anaasɛ " wode woho nyinaa ɛma". <ref>https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi</ref><ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam#CITEREFGardetJomier2012</ref>Wɔ ɔsom mu no, ɛkyerɛ sɛ " wode woho ma Onyankopɔn apɛdeɛ". Nkramoni (Arabic: مُسْلِم), edin a yɛde ma obi a ɔwɔ nkramosom mu, active participle ma saa adeyɛ no ara na ɛkyerɛ sɛ "ahofama (de ma Onyankopɔn)" anaa "obi a ɔde ne ho(ma Onyankopɔn)". Edin Nkramosom ("ahofama") no wɔ nkyerɛaseɛ wɔ sɛdeɛ ɛpui wɔ Qur'an mu. Wɔtwe eti asɛm a ɛwɔ Qur'an no mu: "nnipa biara a onyankopɔn pɛ sɛ ɔbɔ ne ho ban no, ɔbui n'akoma ma nkramosom". <ref name=":0" /> Afoforɔ nso kyerɛ nkramosom mu sɛ, sɛ woresane akɔ Onyankopɔn hɔ- ɛkyɛn sɛ woregye atom. Wɔ Hadith a ɛwɔ Gabriel mu no, Nkramosom gyina hɔ ma triad fa baabi a oman ka ho(gyedie), ne ihsan(nkunim).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam#CITEREFEsposito2000</ref><ref name=":1">https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm</ref> Edin slim (Arabic: سِلْم) wɔ Arabic mu kyerɛ asomdwoe ne nkramosom.<ref>https://classicalarabic.org/2020/06/19/what-does-islam-mean/</ref> Kasatɔmmɛ a ɛkyerɛ aseɛ ne sɛ 'ɔkɔɔ mu sɛ slim" (Arabic: دَخَلَ فِي السِّلْمِ) a ɛkyerɛ asomdwoe a obi de n'akɛseɛ kɔ onyankopɔn hɔ.<ref name=":2">https://classicalarabic.org/2020/06/19/what-does-islam-mean/</ref> Wobɛtumi de edin Nkramosom agyina hɔ ama ahofama anaa ɔkwan nwanwasoɔ bi wɔ ɔsom nom,a wɔfrɛ no as-slim a ɛkyerɛ asomdwoe.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Tete no na wɔfrɛ nkramosom Mohammedanism wɔ wiase a wɔka borɔfo kasa. Wɔmfa edin no nni dwuma bio na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a wɔsusu sɛ ɛtia mmara, sɛdeɛ wɔka sɛ nnipa yɛ nkramosom fapem kyɛn onyankopɔn, a ɛbɛn Buddha a ɛwɔ Buddhism.<ref>Wilson, Kenneth G. ''The Columbia Guide to Standard American English''. <nowiki>ISBN 0-231-06989-8</nowiki>. p. 291: "Muhammadan and Mohammedan are based on the name of the prophet Mohammed, and both are considered offensive."</ref> Atwerɛfoɔ bi de edin Mohammedanism no di dwuma sɛ adwuma nwanwasoɔ ma ɔsom sɛdeɛ wɔde ma nkramosom adesua a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu. == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == hdawhvdd2v6csnp5tx0btlyqqzx48z6 Dwumadini:LissajousCurve 2 13589 132650 131636 2022-07-28T18:43:55Z MdsShakil 10445 MdsShakil moved page [[Dwumadini:MMessine19]] to [[Dwumadini:LissajousCurve]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/MMessine19|MMessine19]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/LissajousCurve|LissajousCurve]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:Wikicat.png|100px]] bi3y05knxrb2l36qohr3y6u1dxr4w5n Afidie 0 13600 132689 132442 2022-07-29T04:38:18Z Nana Sintim 11223 Mede atwerɛ no bi aka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy'). Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ .Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye. Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu. Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie nsia a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . Afidie a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru. Nfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete apueeɛ fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi Irak) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ apueeɛ fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu. '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' gfbsxnklwyjqjd7ab9sagghm4u4r9g6 132690 132689 2022-07-29T04:42:01Z Nana Sintim 11223 I add refrences wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy')<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French</ref>. Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ. Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye. Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu. Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie nsia a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . Afidie a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru. Nfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete apueeɛ fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi Irak) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ apueeɛ fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu. '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' g2ra74zp7trk01o9kr8iau94ft9o8yp 132691 132690 2022-07-29T04:46:40Z Nana Sintim 11223 wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy')<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French</ref>. Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ. Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-5</ref> Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu. Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie nsia a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . Afidie a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru. Nfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete apueeɛ fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi Irak) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ apueeɛ fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu. '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' 2jope5rphqfxt1h1kjlaxxtxo159onb 132692 132691 2022-07-29T04:50:00Z Nana Sintim 11223 I add refrences wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy')<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French</ref>. Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ. Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-5</ref> Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-4</ref> Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie nsia a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . Afidie a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru. Nfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete apueeɛ fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi Irak) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ apueeɛ fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu. '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' 87tk7sdo6hogf277uxbh0h8h0u02w5h 132693 132692 2022-07-29T04:55:43Z Nana Sintim 11223 I crearte hyperlinks wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy')<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French</ref>. Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ. Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-5</ref> Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-4</ref> Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie [[Nsakraeɛ|nsia]] a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . [[Afidie]] a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru. Mfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete [[Apueɛ Mantam|apueeɛ]] fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi [[Irak]]) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ [[Apuei Mantam (Ghana)|apueeɛ]] fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu. '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' 3ajsyhrgml916dc80qxuk41yomxa30t 132694 132693 2022-07-29T04:59:11Z Nana Sintim 11223 I add refrences wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy')<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French</ref>. Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ. Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-5</ref> Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-4</ref> Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie [[Nsakraeɛ|nsia]] a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . [[Afidie]] a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-Reuleaux-6</ref> Mfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete [[Apueɛ Mantam|apueeɛ]] fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi [[Irak]]) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ [[Apuei Mantam (Ghana)|apueeɛ]] fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu. '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' hvlue3drh58ci0pvcwoo4gejeub4i0m 132695 132694 2022-07-29T05:02:45Z Nana Sintim 11223 I add refrences wikitext text/x-wiki Afidie yɛ adeɛ bi a yɛhunu na yɛde adwuma ɔhyɛ mu ne adane adane mu. Wɔtae de saa din no ma nnoɔma nnipa di wɔn nsa ayɛ na ɔde ngyin si. Nnipa ne mmoa bɛtumi atwe afidie no sɛ ɛyɛ mframa ne nsuo ne ahoɔdin a nkanie bɛtumi ahyɛ no de ayɛ adwuma. Wɔn bɛtumi de kɔmputa nso ama afidie no ayɛ adwuma. Owura bi a ɔfiri Renaissan a ɔyɛ filosofa hunuu mfidie nsia bi a na wɔde fa nnoɔma .<ref name="Usher">{{cite book|last=Usher|first=Abbott Payson|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1988|location=USA|pages=98|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|isbn=978-0-486-25593-4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818135506/https://books.google.com/books?id=xuDDqqa8FlwC&pg=PA196|archive-date=2016-08-18}}</ref> Ɛnnɛ yi mfidie wayɛ no sɛ adeɛ a ɛwɔ nhyehyeɛ ne adeɛ a yɛde hwɛ danedane no wo nadwuma yɛ mu.Nhwɛsoɔ, kaa akɛseɛ bi te sɛ keteke,lɔɔre, kodoɔ ne wiemmuhyɛn; nnoɔma a yɛde yɛ efie nnwuma bi te sɛ, kɔmputa, nnoɔma yɛde yɛ adansie hu nnwuma ne adeɛ a ɛkora nsuo; afei mfidie a yɛde yɛ mfuom nnwuma. [[File:Bonsack_machine.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonsack_machine.png|alt=Bonsack's machine|right|thumb|400x400px]] == Abɔseɛ == Asɛmfua Afidie wɔ borɔfo kasa mu no ɔnya firii French a ɛfiri Latin kasa ''machina'', ɛna akyire na ɔyi firii Greek (Doric μαχανά ''makhana'', Ionic μηχανή ''mekhane'' 'contrivance, machine, engine', a derivation from μῆχος ''mekhos'' 'means, expedient, remedy')<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_French</ref>. Asɛmfua afidie (Greek: μηχανικός) firi Greek mfitiaseɛ. Na ne nkyerɛase no dɔɔso nanso na wɔmfa nne dwuma gye.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-5</ref> Akyire na ɔnyaa nteaseɛ wɔ medieval French, ɔnyaa firii French de kɔɔ Borɔfo kasa mu wɔ afe 16th century mfimfini mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-4</ref> Wɔ afe 17th century, asɛmfua afidie nso bɛtumi akyerɛ sɛ scheme or plot. Ɛnnɛ yi nkyerɛaseɛ ma afidie no Sɛdeɛ wasi ahyehyɛ no ayɛ no sɛ ngyen a yɛde hyɛ theater ne asogyafoɔ ngyen 16th ne early 17th centuries nyinaa. == Abakwasɛm == Akuma a wɔde aboɔ ayɛ ama no ayɛ nam na nipa na ɔde ne nsa ɛma no ahoɔden ma no de paepae adeɛ mu ma no yɛ nkumaa. Akuma yɛ afidie a edi kan na ɛka afidie [[Nsakraeɛ|nsia]] a edii kan bae na ɔhwɛɛ so de yɛɛ mfidie bebree . [[Afidie]] a ɛtɔ so mmienu a akyɛ ne ramp a wɔde adi dwuma firi tete berɛ so a wɔde fa nnoɔma a ɛmu yɛduru.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-Reuleaux-6</ref> Mfidie nnan no a aka no wɔnyaa no tete [[Apueɛ Mantam|apueeɛ]] fa mu. Afidie a ɛtware ne ho ɔnyaa firii Mesopotamia (Ɛnnɛ yi [[Irak]]) Wɔ afe 5th millennium BC. Afidie [[lever|leva]] baa kane bɛyɛ mfeɛ 5,000 a atwam wɔ [[Apuei Mantam (Ghana)|apueeɛ]] fa mu hɔ na atumi afa nnoɔma akɛseɛ akɛseɛ wɔ tete berɛ mu Egyptfoɔ mfidi nnwuma mu.<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine#cite_note-Dutch-8</ref> '''Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ''' m81pt040ompmw18zt1werml885dnytc Anuanom 0 13616 132619 132603 2022-07-28T17:19:50Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Onua yɛ obusuani a anyɛ yiye koraa no ɔne asɛm no kyɛ ɔwofo biako. Onua barima yɛ onua na onua a ɔyɛ ɔbea yɛ onuawa. Obi a onni nuanom no yɛ abofra koro pɛ. Bere a tebea horow bi betumi ama wɔatete anuanom wɔ ɔkwan soronko so (te sɛ mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn wɔ mmofraase) no, aman dodow no ara wɔ anuanom a wɔbom nyin. Eyi ma nkate mu abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ba, a wobu anuanom sɛ abusuabɔ soronko bi ma n’ankasa ho. Nkate mu abusuabɔ a ɛda anuanom ntam no taa yɛ den na nneɛma te sɛ awofo ayaresa, awo nhyehyɛe, nipasu, ne ankorankoro osuahu ahorow a ɛwɔ abusua no akyi na ɛma wonya so nkɛntɛnso.[1] Aduruyɛ mu no, onua a ɔyɛ pɛ yɛ obusuani a ɔdi kan na onua fã yɛ obusuani a ɔtɔ so mmienu sɛdeɛ wɔyɛ abusuafoɔ 50% ne 25%.[2][3] == Nkyerɛase ahorow == Wɔsan de asɛmfua onuayɛ bae wɔ afe 1903 mu wɔ asɛm bi a ɛwɔ Bioometrika mu, sɛ nkyerɛase a wɔde maa German Geschwister, efisɛ wɔmfaa nni dwuma fi 1425.[4][5] Anuanom anaa anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ (anuanom mmea anaa anuanom mmarima [a wɔyɛ pɛ]) wɔ awofo koro a wɔwoo wɔn. Anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ nso yɛ anuanom a wɔtaa yɛ.[citation needed] Twins yɛ anuanom a wɔwo wɔn bere koro mu.[citation needed] Mpɛn pii no, mmanoma a wɔwɔ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den benya twin kasa fi nkokoaabere mu, kasa a wɔkyɛ nkutoo ne ate ase wɔ abien no ntam. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow kyerɛ sɛ ɛte sɛ nea mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no da mmanoma kasa pii adi sen mmanoma a wɔyɛ anuanom. Sɛ obi di bɛyɛ mfe 3 a, mpɛn pii no, mmanoma kasa ba awiei.[6] Mpɛn pii no, mmanoma wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse esiane sɛ wɔbom nyin na wɔadi mfe koro nti. Anuanom mma (nuanom mma anaa anuanom mma) yɛ nnipa a wɔne ɔwofo biako. Ebia wɔwɔ ɛna koro nanso ɛsono agyanom (wɔ saa tebea no mu no, wonim wɔn sɛ anuanom a wɔwɔ awotwaa mu anaasɛ ɛnanom mu anuanom fã), anaasɛ ebia wɔwɔ agya koro nanso ɛsono ɛnanom (wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, wonim wɔn sɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ agya anaa agya fã -nuanom.Wɔ mmara mu no, wɔde asɛmfua consanguine si agnate ananmu)..[citation needed] Wɔ mmara mu (ne titiriw no agyapade ho mmara) mu no, wɔtaa ma anuanom a wɔyɛ fã no ayaresa a ɛne anuanom a wɔyɛ mũ de no nyɛ pɛ. Bere bi Engiresifo mmara dedaw a wɔtaa de di dwuma no de pɛyɛ a enni hɔ kaa mmara a ɛfa adedi a wonni agyapade ho no ho, na na anuanom fã gye wɔn nuanom a wonni agyapade no agyapade fã pɛ te sɛ anuanom a wɔwɔ mogya mũ no nyinaa. Wɔayi ayaresa a ɛnteɛ a ɛte sɛɛ no ​​afi hɔ koraa wɔ England,[7] nanso ɛda so ara wɔ hɔ wɔ U.S. mantam Florida mu.[8] Anuanom nkyem anan mu abiɛsa wɔ ɔwofo biako mu, bere a awofo a wɔnkyɛ no yɛ abusuafo a edi kan ma wɔn ho wɔn ho, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ ɔbarima bi wɔ mma ne mmea baanu a wɔyɛ anuanom mmea, anaasɛ ɔbea bi ne ɔbarima ne ne babarima wɔ mma a. Wɔ nea edi kan no mu no, mmofra no yɛ anuanom mma ne wɔn nuanom mma a wodi kan nso; nea ɛto so abien no mu no, mmofra no yɛ anuanom fã ne avuncular pair nso. Wɔyɛ awosu mu abusuabɔ a ɛbɛn sen anuanom fã nanso wɔn awosu mu bɛn wɔn kɛse sen anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ,[9] awosu mu abusuabɔ bi a ɛntaa nsi wɔ nnipa mu na wonsuaa ho ade pii.[10] Diblings, portmanteau a ɛyɛ onua a ɔde mae, anaasɛ onua a ɔde mae nyinsɛn no, anaasɛ onua a ɔde mae-sperm no, nam nkesua anaa mmadwoa a wɔde ama so na ɛka bom wɔ abɔde mu.[11][12] Diblings yɛ anuanom wɔ awosu mu ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ mmara kwan so de esiane abusua hokwan ne agyapade nti. Wohu sɛ ntoboa a wɔmmɔ din no de nsɛnnennen ka aware nhyehyɛe no ho. '''Non mogya mu abusuabɔ''' Ɛnam abusuabɔ so na ɛfa ho: Stepsiblings (stepbrothers anaa stepsisters) yɛ obi mpena mma a wofi abusuabɔ bi a atwam mu. Anuanom a wɔagye wɔn ayɛ wɔn mma no, obi a ɔyɛ obiako a ɔyɛ ne ba na ɔfoforo no yɛ ɔwofo a ɔfa ne ba anaa ɔwofo ankasa na ɔtete no. Anuanom asewnom yɛ obi hokafo nuanom, ne nuabarima hokafo, anaa ne hokafo nuabarima hokafo.[13][14] Wobetumi nso afrɛ obi hokafo nuabarima hokafo sɛ ɔyɔnko nuanom.[15][16] Ɛnyɛ nea ɛfa ho: Anuanom a wɔtete wɔn no yɛ mmofra a wɔtete wɔn wɔ fie koro no ara mu: obi awofo (wofo) mma a wɔhwɛ wɔn, anaasɛ obi a ɔtete no mma anaa mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn.[17][18][19] Nyame nuanom yɛ nyame agya anaa nyame maame mma anaa agya anaa ɛna nyame mma.[citation needed] Anuanom a wɔma nufusu yɛ mmofra a ɔbea koro no ara ama wɔn nufu. Saa abusuabɔ yi wɔ amammerɛ ahorow a ɛwɔ nufusu abusuafo ne Islam mmara mu.[citation needed] Cross-siblings yɛ ankorankoro a wɔkyɛ anuanom fã biako anaa nea ɛboro saa; sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, onipa biako wɔ ɛna no nuabarima biako ne anyɛ yiye koraa no agya no nuanom fã biako a, ɛna ne agya nuanom fã no yɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ mmeamudua ma wɔn ho wɔn ho.[20][adwenem naayɛ – ka ho asɛm]. == Consanguinity ne awosu mu nneɛma == Consanguinity yɛ susudua a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nnipa bɔ abusua kɛse.[21] Awosu mu abusuabɔ kyerɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm dodow a obi wɔ. Sɛnea nnipa nyinaa kyɛ bɛboro 99% wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm koro no ara mu no, consanguinity ho hia ma awosu mu nkwaadɔm no fã ketewaa bi a ɛsono nnipa ahorow ntam nkutoo.[22] Awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wonya no wɔ ade bi a ɛba kwa,[22] na ɛsono saa nsusuwii abien yi.[23] Consaguinity so tew fã wɔ awo ntoatoaso biara a wɔtetew mu denam wɔn nana a wɔbom yɛ nnansa yi ara no so. Anuanom yɛ abusuafo 50% denam consanguinity so sɛnea awo ntoatoaso abien tetew wɔn ho fi wɔn ho wɔn ho ho (onua fi ɔwofo kosi onua) na wɔkyɛ awofo baanu sɛ nananom a wɔbom yɛ. Onuayɛ mmanoma yɛ onua na ɛno nti ɔne abusuafo 50% consanguinity.[24] Anuanom mmanoma no awosu nsɛ kɛse te sɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ daa no. Sɛnea mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no fi zygote koro mu no, wɔn nana a wɔbom yɛ nnansa yi ara ne wɔn ho wɔn ho. Wɔyɛ awosu mu ade koro na wɔyɛ abusuafo 100% bere a awo ntoatoaso a ɛnyɛ hwee na ɛpaapae wɔn mu.[22] Nyansahufo ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa mmanoma ho de ahwehwɛ dwuma a awosu ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia di wɔ su ahorow a ɛba no mu. Nhwehwɛmu a ɛte saa no hwehwɛ mpɛn dodow a mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no wɔ suban su koro no ara mu na wɔde toto mpɛn dodow a mmanoma a wɔyɛ anuanom wɔ su koro no ara ho.[citation needed] Wɔ nhwehwɛmu afoforo mu no, wɔtete mmanoma wɔ mmusua ahorow mu, na nhwehwɛmu ahorow de suban su bi a wɔde kɔ baabi foforo no toto ho denam abusua no mu tebea ne su biako a ɛwɔ mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ ntam. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi ada no adi sɛ wɔ nipasu su ahorow a wonim sɛ ɛyɛ agyapade ho no, awosu di dwuma kɛse wɔ asetra nyinaa mu na edi dwuma kɛse mpo wɔ mfe a edi kan no mu.[25] Anuanom fã yɛ abusuafo 25% denam abusuafo so sɛnea wɔkyɛ ɔwofo biako na awo ntoatoaso abien na ɛtetew wɔn ho wɔn ho ho. Hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ ebia anuanom baanu a wɔyɛ fã biara renkyɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm biara, sɛ wɔannya nkwaboaa koro no ara biara amfi wɔn ɔwofo a wɔkyɛ mu no hɔ a. Eyi betumi ayɛ yiye ama anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ nso, ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye mpo de. Nanso esiane sɛnea nkwaboaa a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ sesa awosu mu nkwaadɔm (esiane nkwaboaa a ɛtwam wɔ meiosis mu nti) bere a ɛwo anaa mmadwoa nkwammoaa renyin no nti, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ eyi bɛba ankasa da no nni hɔ. Obi betumi akyɛ nea ɛboro gyinapɛn consanguinity ne ne nuabarima sɛ n’awofo yɛ abusuafo a (coefficient of inbreeding no boro zero)..[citation needed] Nea ɛyɛ anigye no, anuanom fã betumi ayɛ abusuabɔ denam sɛ "anuanom nkyem anan mu abiɛsa" (related by 3/ 8) sɛ wɔn awofo a wɔnkyɛ wɔn no wɔ consanguinity 50% a. Wei kyerɛ sɛ awofoɔ a wɔnkyɛ no yɛ anuanom, ɛma wɔn nuanom fã no yɛ nuanom mmarima, anaa ɔwofoɔ ne abofra, na ɛma wɔyɛ wɔn nuabea ne ne nua barima fã.[26] == Awo nhyehyɛe == Awo nhyehyɛe yɛ dibea a obi adi wɔ ne nuanom mu sɛnea mfe a wadi te. Mpɛn pii no, nhwehwɛmufo kyekyɛ anuanom mu sɛ "mpanyin", "mfinimfini abofra", ne "nkumaa" anaasɛ wɔkyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda "abakan" ne "akyiri yi" ntam ara kwa. Wɔtaa gye di sɛ awo nhyehyɛe wɔ pop adwene ne nneyɛe ho adesua ne amammerɛ a agye din mu no nya adwene mu nkɔso ne nipasu so nkɛntɛnso kɛse na ɛtra hɔ daa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wohu mmakan sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔyɛ katee na wotumi yɛ nneɛma pii, mmofra a wɔwɔ mfinimfini sɛ abɔde mu ntamgyinafo, na wobu mmofra nkumaa sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔn ho yɛ fɛ na wɔpɛ nnipa pii. Ɛmfa ho sɛ ɛwɔ ɔmanfo anim daa no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ntumi mmaa nneɛma a emu da hɔ, ɛfata, na ɛyɛ den mma bere nyinaa. Enti, anya abodin a ɛyɛ atoro-adwene ho nimdeɛ wɔ nyansahu adwene ho nimdefo kuw no mu.[27] '''Abakɔsɛm''' Wobetumi ahwehwɛ awo nhyehyɛe ho nsusuwii ne adesua no afi Francisco Galton (1822–1911) nsusuwii a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ne nea ɛkorɔn ho ne Alfred Adler (1870–1937) nsusuwii a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ne nipasu su ho no mu.[citation needed '''Galton na ɔkyerɛwee''' Wɔ ne nhoma English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture (1874) mu no, Galton kae sɛ nnwom hyehyɛfo ne nyansahufo a wɔagye din no yɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ abakan dodo.[28] Ɔkaa nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa a enti mpɛn pii no mmakan da nsow kɛse ho asɛm: Mfitiase mmara: mmakan nya wɔn awofo sikasɛm mu ahonyade de toa wɔn nhomasua so.[28] Wɔma mmakan asɛyɛde pii sen wɔn nuanom nkumaa na wɔn awofo ne wɔn di kɛse sɛ ahokafo.[28] Wɔde wɔn adwene si mmakan so kɛse na wonya aduannuru wɔ mmusua a wɔn sikasɛm tebea sua mu.[28] '''Adler na ɔkyerɛwee''' Wɔn a Wodi Kan: Abusua dwumadi ahorow a ɛfa akannifo ne tumidi ho a wodi ho dwuma, otie ma protocol ne hierarchy. Hwehwɛ na wopɛ nhyehyɛe, nhyehyɛe ne gyinapɛn ne mmara a wodi so. Wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ botae a wɔde pere wɔn ho suban mu bere a wɔn asetra gyina nkɔso ne nea wɔatumi ayɛ ho nsɛmti ahorow so no. Wosuro sɛ wɔbɛhwere wɔn dibea wɔ mpanyimfo no atifi.[29] Mfinimfini Mmofra: Te nka sɛ mmusua a wɔatu wɔn afi mu bere a wonni abofra a odi kan no a wodi kan ne "adwene a ɛboaboa ano nnansa yi ara" a akumaa no de ba no. Saa mmofra yi taa yɛ adwumaden kɛse de yi wɔn ho fi wɔn nuanom ho, de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nipasu soronko na ɛyɛ ankorankoro de ama wɔn ho bere a wɔte nka sɛ "wɔapiapia wɔn afi" wɔn mmusua mu no. Mmofra nkumaa: Wɔte nka sɛ wɔn ho nni asɛm sɛ wɔde toto anuanom a wɔanyinyin ho a, wɔtaa bu wɔn sɛ wonni ahoɔden anaa osuahu pii ma enti wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu na wɔsɛe wɔn. Esiane eyi nti, wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ afoforo a wɔtwetwe wɔn/wɔtwetwe wɔn ho sɛ wɔnyɛ nneɛma mma wɔn anaasɛ wɔmfa mma wɔn no mu. Eyi boa ma wonya wɔn ho mfonini sɛ wɔpɛ nnipa na wɔpɛ nnipa pii, bere a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nneyɛe a ɛhwehwɛ adwene mu de di wɔn ahiade ho dwuma no.[30] '''Nneɛma a wɔahu wɔ bere yi mu''' Ɛnnɛ, sintɔ ahorow ne nea enhyia wɔ awo nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu mu no ma ne nokwaredi fi hɔ. Ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobedi nneɛma a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ho nkutoo so, na enti nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara de nea efi mu ba a emu nna hɔ ba.[29] Nea wɔde ahyɛ awo nhyehyɛe ho nsusuwii ahorow mu ne abɔde ne ntetee ho akyinnyegye. Wɔabɔ no agu sɛ biribi awosu wɔ gyinabea a wɔwo obi wom no mu, na ɛno nti ɛde dwuma a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ ba. Awo nhyehyɛe nni awosu mu nnyinaso biara.[31] Nanso asetra mu nkitahodi a ɛba esiane awo nhyehyɛe nti no ne nea ɛda nsow sen biara. Anuanom a wɔanyinyin taa bɛyɛ suban ho nhwɛsofo, na anuanom nkumaa bɛyɛ asuafo ne wɔn a wɔhwɛ so. Anuanom a wɔanyinyin wɔ nkɔso mu mfaso wɔ adwene ne asetra mu nyinaa. Dwuma a awo nhyehyɛe di nso gyina abusua tebea so kɛse na ɛsono emu biara kɛse. Abusua kɛse, anuanom a wohu wɔn, mfe a wɔadi, nhwɛso, awofoyɛ ho akwan, ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna, adesuakuw, abusuakuw, ne suban nyinaa yɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw a ebetumi anya suban so nkɛntɛnso na enti wosusuw sɛ awo akuw pɔtee bi suban. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ awo nhyehyɛe ho no wɔ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ampa, nanso, wɔ mmeae te sɛ nyansa ne nipadua mu nneɛma, nanso ɛda adi sɛ nneɛma afoforo a ɛnyɛ awo gyinabea ankasa na ɛde ba. Nhwehwɛmu bi ada no adi sɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmofra a wodi kan no IQ kɔ soro kakra sen mmofra a wɔawo wɔn akyiri yi.[33] Nanso, nhwehwɛmu afoforo nhu nkɛntɛnso a ɛte saa biara.[34] Wɔahu sɛ mmofra a wodi kan no nya nkontaa abiɛsa sɛ wɔde toto mmofra a wɔwo wɔn a wɔto so abien ho a, na sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmofra a wɔwo wɔn ntɛm wɔ abusua bi mu no yɛ tenten na wɔn mu duru dɔɔso sen wɔn a wɔwo wɔn akyiri yi no.[27] Nanso, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wɔbɛka awo nhyehyɛe su ahorow ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so na wɔde adi dwuma wɔ amansan nyinaa mu wɔ ankorankoro a wɔwɔ saa kuw ketewa no mu nyinaa ho. '''Nnɛyi nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔahu wɔ IQ ho''' '''Nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma ho nhwɛso''' (Blake, 1981) de nneɛma abiɛsa a ebetumi ama anuanom a wɔanyinyin nya nkontaa a ɛkɔ soro wɔ IQ sɔhwɛ ahorow mu no ma:[28] Awofo nneɛma wɔ anohyeto, mmofra a wodi kan nya saa nneɛma yi ho kwan a edi mũ na edi kan.[28] Bere a mmofra dodow a wɔwɔ abusua bi mu kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyɛ nneɛma pii.[28] Saa awofoɔ nneɛma yi wɔ nkɛntɛnsoɔ titire wɔ abofra bi nwomasua mu nkonimdie so.[28] '''Nhyiam ho nhwɛso''' Robert Zajonc hyɛɛ nyansa sɛ adwene mu tebea a ɛwɔ abusua bi mu no sesa bere nyinaa esiane nneɛma abiɛsa nti, na ɛno nti ɛma mmofra a wodi kan awo wɔn adwene mu nkɔso ho kwan kɛse:[28] Ɛho nhia sɛ abakan no kyɛ awofo adwene na wonya wɔn awofo adwene koraa. Anuanom pii a wɔwɔ abusua no mu no to adwene a wɔde si wɔn mu biara so no ano hye.[28] Abakan nya mpanyimfo kasa pii. Wɔn a wɔwo wɔn akyiri yi no nya wɔn nuanom mpanyimfo kasa a ɛnyɛ nea ɛho akokwaw kɛse no.[28] Ɛsɛ sɛ mmakan ne anuanom mpanyimfo bua nsɛmmisa na wɔkyerɛkyerɛ nneɛma mu kyerɛ anuanom nkumaa, na wɔyɛ wɔn ade sɛ akyerɛkyerɛfo. Eyi ma wɔn adwene mu nsɛm ne kasa ho nimdeɛ a wɔde di dwuma no nya nkɔso.[28] Wɔ 1996 mu no, wɔsan nyaa nyansahu a ɛwɔ awo nhyehyɛe akyi ho anigye bere a wotintim Frank Sulloway nhoma Born To Rebel no. Wɔ nhoma yi mu no, Sulloway kyerɛ sɛ abakan no ani gye ho kɛse, wodi asetram tumi kɛse, wɔn adwene nhyia pii, na wɔn ani nnye nsusuwii foforo ho kɛse bere a wɔde toto mmofra a wɔawo wɔn akyiri yi ho no. Bere a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ osuahu ne nhomasua mu de, sɛnea wɔatwe adwene asi nhwehwɛmu pii so wɔ nhoma no nyinaa mu no, wɔtaa kasa tia no sɛ ɛyɛ anuanom ne awo nhyehyɛe no nyinaa ho kyerɛwtohɔ a ɛyɛ animhwɛ na enni mũ. Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ ayɛsɛm nti, nhwehwɛmu ne nsusuwii ahorow a wɔde too gua wɔ ne nyinaa mu no, nhomanimfo afoforo ankasa atia na atipɛnfo ahwɛ mu ansa na wɔreyi no adi.[35]Nwoma mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛhwehwɛ nhwehwɛmu pii mu na wɔabɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛhwɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw so no taa hu nkɛntɛnso kakraa bi wɔ awo ho nhyehyɛe a ɛfa nipasu ho.[36][37] Wɔ ne nyansahu nhoma ahorow mu nhwehwɛmu mu no, Judith Rich Harris kyerɛ sɛ ebia awo nhyehyɛe mu nsunsuanso wɔ abusua a wofi mu no mu, nanso ɛnyɛ nipasu afã horow a ɛtra hɔ daa.[38] Wɔ nneyɛe mu no, awo nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no nhyehyɛe mu no yɛ asɛnnennen efisɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi so ama nneɛma a ɛsakra a akontaabu kyerɛ sɛ ɛne awo nhyehyɛe wɔ abusuabɔ no nyinaa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mpɛn pii no, mmusua akɛse no asetra ne sikasɛm tebea sua sen mmusua nketewa, enti ɛda adi sɛ mmofra a wɔwo wɔn a wɔwoo wɔn mprɛnsa no fi mmusua a wodi hia mu sen mmofra a wodi kan no. Mmofra ntam kwan a ɛda wɔn ntam, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ awofo, ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna yɛ nneɛma foforo a ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw ho. == Suban a ɛsan akyi bere a wɔawo no == Akokoaa foforo a ɔbɛba no yɛ adwennwene titiriw ma mmakan ne anuanom a wɔadi fi mfe 3 kosi 5. Suban a ɛsan n’akyi ne nneyɛe a ɛyɛ basabasa te sɛ akokoaa no a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so nso betumi aba. Wobu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nyinaa sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛtaa ba na ɛfata wɔ nkɔso mu ma mmofra a wɔadi fi mfe 3–5.[citation needed] Bere a wobetumi asiw ebinom ano no, wobetumi ama nea aka no atu mpɔn wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Ebia nneyɛe a ɛsan n’akyi no bi ne toa a wɔhwehwɛ, nsateaa a wɔnom, adesrɛ a wɔde bɛma sɛ wɔmfa mpaboa nhyɛ (sɛ wɔatete no wɔ tiafi mu mpo a), anaasɛ wɔbɛsrɛ sɛ wɔmfa ntama a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban nkɔ. Suban a ɛsan n’akyi yɛ ɔkwan a abofra no fa so hwehwɛ sɛ awofo no dɔ wɔn na wɔde wɔn adwene si so. Amerika Mmofra Ayaresabea Sukuu no kyerɛ[citation needed] sɛ sɛ́ anka awofo bɛkasa atia anaasɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ mmofra sɛ wɔnyɛ wɔn mfe ho ade no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn abisade ahorow no tom ara kwa a wɔrenhaw wɔn. Ɛrenkyɛ mmofra a asɛm no aka wɔn no bɛsan akɔ wɔn dwumadi a wɔtaa yɛ no so bere a wobehu sɛ mprempren wɔanya baabi a ɛho hia wɔ abusua no mu te sɛ onua foforo no ara pɛ no. Wobetumi ama nneyɛe no mu dodow no ara atu mpɔn wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Michigan Sukuupɔn Akwahosan Nhyehyɛe no tu fo[citation needed] sɛ nneyɛe a ɛsan akyi a ɛba no dodow no ara yɛ nea emu nyɛ den na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ kwan; nanso ɛkamfo kyerɛ awofo sɛ sɛ abofra a wanyin no bɔ mmɔden sɛ obepira akokoaa no, sɛ suban a ɛsan n’akyi no ankɔ yiye wɔ asram 2 anaa 3 ntam a, anaasɛ awofo no wɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm foforo a ɛhaw wɔn a, wɔnkɔ mmofra oduruyɛfo anaa mmofra adwene ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. == Akansi == "Anuanom akansi" yɛ akansi anaa nitan bi a ɛda anuanom mmarima ne mmea ntam. Ɛte sɛ nea emu yɛ den titiriw bere a mmofra bɛn wɔn mfe a wɔadi yiye anaasɛ wɔn bɔbeasu yɛ pɛ no.[39] Anuanom akansi betumi ayɛ basabasa; nanso, ɛnyɛ ade koro ne anuanom ayayade a abofra biako yɛ ɔfoforo ayayade no. Anuanom akansi taa fi ase bere a abofra a ɔto so abien no aba akyi pɛɛ, anaasɛ ansa na aba. Bere a anuanom bɛda so ara dɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho no, ɛnyɛ ade foforo sɛ wɔbɛkasakasa na wɔayɛ wɔn ho adwemmɔne.[40] Mmofra yɛ nkate fi bere a wɔadi afe 1 wɔ nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ awofo ayaresa mu ho na ebedu mfe 3 no wɔanya abusua mmara ho ntease a ɛkɔ akyiri na wotumi susuw wɔn ho wɔ wɔn nuanom ho.[1] Anuanom akansi taa kɔ so wɔ wɔn mmofraase nyinaa na ebetumi ayɛ abasamtu ne adwennwen kɛse ama awofo.[41] Nhwehwɛmu bi hui sɛ mfe a wɔadi mfe 10–15 no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ akansi a ɛkɔ soro sen biara wɔ anuanom ntam.[42] Anuanom akansi betumi akɔ so akodu mpanyin afe so na anuanom ntam abusuabɔ betumi asesa kɛse wɔ mfe no mu. Mpanyimfo bɛyɛ nkyem abiɛsa mu biako ka wɔne anuanom ntam abusuabɔ ho asɛm sɛ ɛyɛ akansi anaasɛ ɛwɔ akyirikyiri. Nanso, akansi taa so tew bere kɔ so na anyɛ yiye koraa no, anuanom a wɔadi boro mfe 60 no mu 80% nya abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den.[1] Abofra biara a ɔwɔ abusua bi mu si akan de kyerɛ nnipa ko a wɔyɛ sɛ nnipa na wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔatew wɔn ho afi wɔn nuanom ho. Anuanom akansi kɔ soro bere a mmofra te nka sɛ wɔrenya wɔn awofo adwene a ɛnsɛ, baabi a adwennwen wɔ awofo ne mmofra asetra mu, ne baabi a abusua no gye ntɔkwaw tom sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so siesie ntawntawdi ahorow no. Sigmund Freud hunuu anuanom abusuabɔ no sɛ ɛyɛ Oedipus complex no ntrɛwmu, faako a na anuanom resi akan wɔ wɔn maame adwene ho na anuanom mmea de wɔn papa de wɔn adwene si wɔn so.[43] Adannandie adwene ho animdefo kyerɛkyerɛ anuanom akansi mu wɔ awofo sika a wɔde hyɛ mu ne abusuafo a wɔpaw wɔn ho: ɔwofo pɛ sɛ ɔtrɛw nneɛma mu pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ mmofra a wɔwɔ abusua no mu nyinaa mu, nanso abofra pɛ nneɛma dodow no ara ma n’ankasa. == Abusuabɔ == '''Ahoɔyaw''' Ahoɔyaw nyɛ nkate biako pɛ. Nkate atitiriw a wɔda no adi wɔ ahoɔyaw nkitahodi mu ne ehu, abufuw, ahotɔ, awerɛhow, ne dadwen.[44] Ahoɔyaw ba wɔ asetra mu ahinanan a ɛyɛ abusuabɔ ahorow a enhia onipa a ɔto so abiɛsa mu. Asetra mu afã abiɛsa no fa abusuabɔ a ɛda onipa a n’ani bere ne ɔwofo no ntam, abusuabɔ a ɛda ɔwofo ne nea ɔne no resi akan no ntam, ne abusuabɔ a ɛda onipa a n’ani bere ne nea ɔne no resi akan no ntam.[44] '''Awofo Foforo''' Abakan a wɔde wɔn ho bata wɔn awofo ho no ne wɔn ahoɔyaw suban no wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ. Wɔ nhwehwɛmu bi a Volling yɛe mu no, wogyinaa sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade wɔ ahoɔyaw ho wɔ anuanom a wɔyɛ nkokoaa foforo ne awofo nkitahodi ho mmuae ahorow a ɛsono emu biara no so huu mmofra akuw anan. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔahyɛ ho mmara Mmofra: Mmofra 60% na wɔhyɛ saa kuw yi mu.[44] Saa mmofra yi hwɛ wɔn awofo yiye sɛ wɔne wɔn nua a wɔawo no foforo no di nkitaho, wɔkɔ wɔn nkyɛn wɔ ɔkwan pa so na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nkitahodi no mu.[44] Wɔda suban ho haw kakraa bi adi wɔ asram a edi awo foforo akyi no mu na wɔnkyerɛ suban a ɔhaw wom wɔ ɔwofo ne akokoaa ntam nkitahodi no mu.[44] Wobu saa mmofra yi sɛ wɔwɔ ahobammɔ bere a wɔyɛ wɔn ade sɛnea wɔbɛhwɛ kwan sɛ abofra bi bɛyɛ ade wɔ ofie tebea a wonim no yiye mu a wɔn awofo wɔ hɔ sɛ nnyinaso a ahobammɔ wom a wɔde bɛhwehwɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu.[44]Mmofra a Wɔkwati Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Kwati: Mmofra 30% hwe ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu. [44] . Saa mmofra yi hwɛ awofo ne akokoaa ntam nkitahodi yiye na wɔntaa nkɔ akokoaa no ne ɔwofo no nkyɛn. Wɔn ho pere wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ tebea foforo no mu efisɛ wɔtaa hwehwɛ awerɛkyekye kakraa bi fi wɔn awofo hɔ.[44]Mmofra a Wɔbata Wɔn Ho: Mmofra 6% hwee ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu. Saa mmofra yi wɔ anigye kɛse wɔ ɔwofo ne nkokoaa nkitahodi ho ne ɔpɛ a emu yɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ bɛn ne ɔwofo no nkitahodi, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ ɔwofo ne abofra nkitahodi mu.[44]Mmofra a Wɔhaw: Mmofra 2.7% hwe ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu ] . Saa mmofra yi yɛ wɔn ade wɔ nkate fam na wɔyɛ basabasa. Ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wɔn nkate bɔne no so na ebia ɛda adi sɛ wɔde bɛto akyi sɛ nneyɛe bɔne a ɛfa abofra a wɔawo no foforo no ho.[44] '''Awofo nkɛntɛnso''' Mmofra ani bere nkitahodi a ɛda mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo ne wɔn maamenom ntam no sen sɛnea wɔne mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo ne wɔn agyanom te.[44] Eyi yɛ nea ntease wom efisɛ ɛde besi akokoaa no awo no, na abofra a odi kan no wɔ ɛna no sɛ nea ɔhwɛ no titiriw ma n’ankasa de. Nhwehwɛmu bi akyerɛ sɛ mmofra da ahoɔyaw a ɛnyɛ kɛse adi wɔ agya ne abofra a wɔawo no foforo ntam nkitahodi ho efisɛ agyanom taa twe nkate bɔne aso na wonnya abodwokyɛre kɛse te sɛ ɛnanom a wɔde wɔn ho bata ho ne ahoyeraw a wotumi hu no, ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛka eyi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so de. Mmofra a wɔwɔ awofo a wɔwɔ aware mu abusuabɔ pa no tumi hwɛ wɔn ahoɔyaw nkate horow no so yiye.[44] Mmofra taa da ahoɔyaw adi bere a wɔn awofo de wɔn adwene rekɔ onua no so sen bere a awofo no ne wɔn nkutoo na ɛredi nkitaho no bɔ abira.[44] Awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ aware mu nkitahodi pa mu no boa wɔn mma ma wogyina ahoɔyaw ano ma wotumi sesa wɔn ho. Wɔyɛ eyi denam ɔhaw ahorow ano aduru ne ntawntawdi ano aduru ho nhwɛso a wɔyɛ ma wɔn mma no so. Mmofra nso ntaa nnya ahoɔyaw nkate bere a wɔte ofie a abusua no mu biara kyɛ ɔdɔ ne anigye mu na ɔda no adi mu no.[44] '''Nsusuwii ahorow a ɛda adi pefee''' Nsusuwii ahorow a ɛda adi pefee a ɛfa abusuabɔ ho no ne akwan horow a mmofra fa so susuw akwan horow a wɔbɛfa so adi tebea foforo bi ho dwuma ho no wɔ abusuabɔ. Mmofra betumi ahwe ase akuw abien a ɛfa nsusuwii a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ nokware so ho. Ebia wɔyɛ nsusuwii hunufo a wotumi dannan wɔn ho na wogye di sɛ wobetumi aka nsakrae wɔ tebea horow ne nnipa so. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ foforo no, wobetumi ayɛ nsusuwiifo a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ, a wogye di sɛ tebea horow ne nnipa ntumi nsakra.[45] Saa gyidi ahorow a ɛda adi pefee yi na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔn ahoɔyaw nkate no mu yɛ den, ne bere tenten a saa ahoɔyaw nkate ahorow no bɛtra hɔ.[45]Malleable Theorists da suban ahorow a ɛkanyan adwene adi, te sɛ ɔwofo anaa onua a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma tebea no atu mpɔn. Wɔtaa nya ahoɔyaw nkate a emu yɛ den na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ efisɛ wɔde bere pii susuw tebea no ho na wɔkyekye akwan horow a wɔbɛfa so ama ayɛ yiye.[45]Fixed Theorists da nneyɛe a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu adi, sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔsan wɔn akyi kɔ wɔn dan mu esiane sɛ wogye di nti wɔn nneyɛe no mu biara rennya tebea no so nkɛntɛnso anaasɛ ɛbɛma atu mpɔn.[45] Wɔtaa nya ahoɔyaw nkate a emu yɛ den na ɛtra hɔ bere tiaa bi sen nsusuwiifo a wotumi dannan wɔn ho.[45] '''Mfe ahorow ahorow''' Mmofra a wɔanyinyin taa ani bere pii te sɛ wɔn nua kumaa no.[44] Eyi fi tumi a wotumi de adwene di asetra mu tebea no ho dwuma wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛma wonya nkate pa, tema kɛse ma wɔn nua kumaa no.[44] Mmofra a wɔanyinyin tumi gyina wɔn anibere nkate a wɔwɔ ma wɔn nua kumaa no ano yiye esiane abusuabɔ a ɛho hia a ɛda ɔwofo no ne ne nua kumaa ntam no ntease nti.[44] Mmofra a wɔanyinyin nso tumi hwɛ wɔn nkate so yiye na wɔmfa wɔn ho nto wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔn so kɛse wɔ abɔnten so mmara ho sɛnea ɛne wɔn nuanom nkumaa bɔ abira.[44] Anuanom nkumaa ahoɔyaw nkate no yɛ nea abufuw nkate di so.[44] Abusuabɔ a ɛda abofra kumaa ne abofra panyin no ntam no su nso yɛ ade a ɛma ahoɔyaw ba, efisɛ dodow a abusuabɔ no ye no dodow no ara na ahoɔyaw nkate ahorow no ankɔ so kɛse na nea ɛne no bɔ abira no.[44] '''Ntawntawdi''' Anuanom ntam ntawntawdi abu so na wɔtaa twe wɔn ho fi ho sɛ anuanom ahoɔden fã a wogye tom. Ɛmfa ho ntawntawdi ahorow pii a anuanom taa de wɔn ho hyɛ mu no, wobetumi akyekyɛ anuanom ntam ntawntawdi mu akuw abien a ɛtrɛw.[46] Ɔfã a edi kan no yɛ ntawntawdi a ɛfa pɛyɛ anaa atɛntrenee ho. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛ wubehu anuanom a wosusuw sɛ wɔn akyerɛkyerɛfo, wɔn atipɛnfo, anaa ne titiriw no wɔn awofo ani gye wɔn nua ho. Nokwarem no, ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛ wubehu anuanom a wɔn baanu nyinaa susuw sɛ wɔn awofo ani gye onua foforo no ho. Pɛyɛ a wosusuw sɛ ɛnyɛ pɛ wɔ nneɛma a wɔkyekyɛ mu te sɛ nea onyaa aduan a ɛyɛ dɛ kɛse no nso hyɛ saa ntawntawdi kuw yi mu. Ɛte sɛ nea saa ntawntawdi yi abu so kɛse wɔ onua kumaa no mu.[46] Ntawntawdi a ɛto so abien no fa abofra bi a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ n’ankasa tumi a wɔn nua no bɛtow ahyɛ ne so no ho. Saa ntawntawdi yi ho nhwɛso ne bere a abofra bi hyɛn ne nua no dan mu bere a wɔmma no akwaaba, anaasɛ bere a abofra bi twa kɔ ne nua no nkyɛn wɔ kar no mu wɔ ɔkwan tenten bi mu no. Ɛte sɛ nea saa ntɔkwaw ahorow yi ho hia kɛse ma anuanom a wɔn mfe akɔ anim esiane ahofadi ho akɔnnɔ kɛse a wɔwɔ nti.[46] '''Ɔhyew''' Anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew yɛ asɛmfua a wɔde kyerɛ ɔdɔ ne ayɔnkofa a anuanom wɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew no nya anuanom so nkɛntɛnso. Anuanom ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro no ne asetra mu nimdeɛ a eye ne asetra mu ahoɔden a wosusuw sɛ ɛkɔ soro no wɔ abusuabɔ. Wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ soro mpo mu sɛ anuanom mu ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro nso wɔ hɔ a ɛnde asetra mu nimdeɛ ne ahokokwaw kɔ so yɛ nea ennya nkɛntɛnso biara.[47] '''Nneɛma bɔne a efi ntawntawdi mu ba''' Asɛm a wɔka sɛ nkurɔfo "ko te sɛ anuanom" no kyerɛ sɛnea anuanom ntam ntawntawdi betumi ayɛ nea wɔde sobo abɔ wɔn ne sɛnea wogye anuanom ntawntawdi tom yiye. Ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobetumi agye saa akasakasa ahorow yi atom kɛse no, anuanom ntam ntawntawdi betumi anya anuanom baanu no so nkɛntɛnso ahorow pii. Wɔada no adi sɛ anuanom ntam ntawntawdi dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ne dadwen ne adwenemhaw a ɛkɔ soro wɔ anuanom mu no wɔ abusuabɔ, ne ne ho a ɛsom bo a ɛba fam ne nhomasua mu nimdeɛ a ɛba fam. Nea ɛka ho no, anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew nyɛ ade a ɛbɔ wɔn ho ban wɔ nkɛntɛnso bɔne a efi dadwen, adwenemhaw, ne ho a wonni ne nhomasua mu nimdeɛ a ɛba fam mu ba no ho. Wei kyerɛ sɛ anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew no ntumi nsiw saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi ano.[47] Anuanom ntam ntawntawdi nso ne nneyɛe a asiane wom kɛse a ɛkɔ soro no wɔ abusuabɔ a nea ɛka ho ne: sigaretnom, sukuu nna a wohuruw, polisifo a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho, ne nneyɛe afoforo a ɛwɔ Caucasian anuanom baanu mu gye mmakan a wɔwɔ anuanom nkumaa nkutoo. Gye sɛ onua panyin a ɔwɔ saa baanu yi mu no anuanom ntawntawdi ne suban a asiane wom wɔ abusuabɔ pa, enti anuanom ntawntawdi betumi ayɛ asiane a ɛde suban ho haw ahorow ba.[48] Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ nea na ɔko no asɛmti yɛ ho (ankorankoro tumidi a wɔtow hyɛ so anaasɛ pɛyɛ a enni hɔ) nso kyerɛ sɛ ebia ɔko no asɛmti no benya nea ebefi ntawntawdi no mu aba no so. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛe sɛ na anuanom ntam ntawntawdi wɔ ankorankoro tumidi ho no ne obu a ɛba fam a wobu wɔn ho no wɔ abusuabɔ, na ɛte sɛ nea anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛfa pɛyɛ a wosusuw sɛ enni hɔ ho no ne adwenemhaw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu no nso kyerɛe sɛ adwenemhaw ne dadwen ho sɛnkyerɛnne akɛse nso ne anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛtaa ba ne anuanom ntawntawdi a emu yɛ den kɛse no wɔ abusuabɔ.[46] '''Awofo kwan a wfa so di ntawntawdi ho''' Akwan a awofo fa so di wɔn mma ntawntawdi ho dwuma no bi ne awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu, awofo a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu ho akwan horow a wɔde wɔn adwene si mmofra so, ne nea ɛntaa mma sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ honam fam ntawntawdi ho nkuran wɔ anuanom ntam. Nea ɛka awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu no ho ne akwan horow a ɔwofo no bu n’ani gu anuanom no ntawntawdi so na ɔma wɔyɛ ho adwuma wɔ wɔn ntam a wonni akwankyerɛ a efi abɔnten. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔpaw saa kwan yi sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛkwati tebea horow a ɔwofo no si onua a ɔfata ho gyinae na ebia ɔbɛpɛ onua biako asen ɔfoforo no, nanso, ɛdenam saa kwan yi a wobedi akyi so no, ɔwofo no betumi de hokwan a ɔwɔ no abɔ afɔre de akyerɛkyerɛ wɔn mma sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ no di ntawntawdi ho dwuma. Nea ɛka awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a wɔde mmofra di dwuma no ho ne akwan horow a ɔwofo no fa so yɛ ntamgyinafo ma akyinnyegye a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmofra baanu no ntam na ɔboa wɔn ma wɔyɛ adwene biako. Sɛ awofo de saa kwan yi di dwuma a, ebia wɔbɛboa ma wɔayɛ sɛnea mmofra no betumi adi ntawntawdi ho dwuma daakye ho nhwɛso; nanso ɛsɛ sɛ awofo kwati sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ nea ebefi mu aba no akyerɛ mmofra no, na wɔhwɛ hu sɛ wɔn na wɔreyɛ ntamgyinafo a wɔde nyansahyɛ ahorow rema akyinnyegye no, na ama mmofra no atumi asi nea ebefi mu aba no ho gyinae. Ebia eyi ho hia titiriw bere a mmofra no binom wɔ autism no.[49] Awofo no betumi apaw akwan horow a awofo hyɛ nipadua mu basabasayɛ ho nkuran wɔ anuanom ntam no ho nkuran na aboa mmofra ma wɔadi basabasayɛ ho dwuma daakye, nanso, ɛte sɛ nea saa kwan yi nyɛ nea etu mpɔn efisɛ ɛne ntawntawdi kɛse a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmofra ntam no wɔ abusuabɔ. Awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu no nso ne anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ soro, ne anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew a ɛba fam no wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a egyina mmofra so no nya nkɛntɛnso pa wɔ anuanom ntam abusuabɔ so a ɛne anuanom ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro ne anuanom ntawntawdi a ɛba fam no wɔ abusuabɔ.[50] '''Nsunsuanso a ɛba bere tenten a ɛba bere a obi wɔ hɔ''' Nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ wɔ asetra mu nimdeɛ ne nipasu mu nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ mmofra nkutoo ne mmofra a wɔwɔ anuanom ntam no kyerɛ sɛ ne nyinaa mu no, onua bi a ɔwɔ hɔ no nnya abofra no so nkɛntɛnso biara sɛ ɔpanyin.[51] 2os21fwpafeqv61lvfs6f4evdn3grri 132623 132619 2022-07-28T17:30:21Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Onua yɛ obusuani a anyɛ yiye koraa no ɔne asɛm no kyɛ ɔwofo biako. Onua barima yɛ onua na onua a ɔyɛ ɔbea yɛ onuawa. Obi a onni nuanom no yɛ abofra koro pɛ. Bere a tebea horow bi betumi ama wɔatete anuanom wɔ ɔkwan soronko so (te sɛ mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn wɔ mmofraase) no, aman dodow no ara wɔ anuanom a wɔbom nyin. Eyi ma nkate mu abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ba, a wobu anuanom sɛ abusuabɔ soronko bi ma n’ankasa ho. Nkate mu abusuabɔ a ɛda anuanom ntam no taa yɛ den na nneɛma te sɛ awofo ayaresa, awo nhyehyɛe, nipasu, ne ankorankoro osuahu ahorow a ɛwɔ abusua no akyi na ɛma wonya so nkɛntɛnso.[1] Aduruyɛ mu no, onua a ɔyɛ pɛ yɛ obusuani a ɔdi kan na onua fã yɛ obusuani a ɔtɔ so mmienu sɛdeɛ wɔyɛ abusuafoɔ 50% ne 25%.[2][3] == Nkyerɛase ahorow == Wɔsan de asɛmfua onuayɛ bae wɔ afe 1903 mu wɔ asɛm bi a ɛwɔ Bioometrika mu, sɛ nkyerɛase a wɔde maa German Geschwister, efisɛ wɔmfaa nni dwuma fi 1425.[4][5] Anuanom anaa anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ (anuanom mmea anaa anuanom mmarima [a wɔyɛ pɛ]) wɔ awofo koro a wɔwoo wɔn. Anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ nso yɛ anuanom a wɔtaa yɛ.[citation needed] Twins yɛ anuanom a wɔwo wɔn bere koro mu.[citation needed] Mpɛn pii no, mmanoma a wɔwɔ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den benya twin kasa fi nkokoaabere mu, kasa a wɔkyɛ nkutoo ne ate ase wɔ abien no ntam. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow kyerɛ sɛ ɛte sɛ nea mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no da mmanoma kasa pii adi sen mmanoma a wɔyɛ anuanom. Sɛ obi di bɛyɛ mfe 3 a, mpɛn pii no, mmanoma kasa ba awiei.[6] Mpɛn pii no, mmanoma wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse esiane sɛ wɔbom nyin na wɔadi mfe koro nti. Anuanom mma (nuanom mma anaa anuanom mma) yɛ nnipa a wɔne ɔwofo biako. Ebia wɔwɔ ɛna koro nanso ɛsono agyanom (wɔ saa tebea no mu no, wonim wɔn sɛ anuanom a wɔwɔ awotwaa mu anaasɛ ɛnanom mu anuanom fã), anaasɛ ebia wɔwɔ agya koro nanso ɛsono ɛnanom (wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, wonim wɔn sɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ agya anaa agya fã -nuanom.Wɔ mmara mu no, wɔde asɛmfua consanguine si agnate ananmu)..[citation needed] Wɔ mmara mu (ne titiriw no agyapade ho mmara) mu no, wɔtaa ma anuanom a wɔyɛ fã no ayaresa a ɛne anuanom a wɔyɛ mũ de no nyɛ pɛ. Bere bi Engiresifo mmara dedaw a wɔtaa de di dwuma no de pɛyɛ a enni hɔ kaa mmara a ɛfa adedi a wonni agyapade ho no ho, na na anuanom fã gye wɔn nuanom a wonni agyapade no agyapade fã pɛ te sɛ anuanom a wɔwɔ mogya mũ no nyinaa. Wɔayi ayaresa a ɛnteɛ a ɛte sɛɛ no ​​afi hɔ koraa wɔ England,[7] nanso ɛda so ara wɔ hɔ wɔ U.S. mantam Florida mu.[8] Anuanom nkyem anan mu abiɛsa wɔ ɔwofo biako mu, bere a awofo a wɔnkyɛ no yɛ abusuafo a edi kan ma wɔn ho wɔn ho, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ ɔbarima bi wɔ mma ne mmea baanu a wɔyɛ anuanom mmea, anaasɛ ɔbea bi ne ɔbarima ne ne babarima wɔ mma a. Wɔ nea edi kan no mu no, mmofra no yɛ anuanom mma ne wɔn nuanom mma a wodi kan nso; nea ɛto so abien no mu no, mmofra no yɛ anuanom fã ne avuncular pair nso. Wɔyɛ awosu mu abusuabɔ a ɛbɛn sen anuanom fã nanso wɔn awosu mu bɛn wɔn kɛse sen anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ,[9] awosu mu abusuabɔ bi a ɛntaa nsi wɔ nnipa mu na wonsuaa ho ade pii.[10] Diblings, portmanteau a ɛyɛ onua a ɔde mae, anaasɛ onua a ɔde mae nyinsɛn no, anaasɛ onua a ɔde mae-sperm no, nam nkesua anaa mmadwoa a wɔde ama so na ɛka bom wɔ abɔde mu.[11][12] Diblings yɛ anuanom wɔ awosu mu ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ mmara kwan so de esiane abusua hokwan ne agyapade nti. Wohu sɛ ntoboa a wɔmmɔ din no de nsɛnnennen ka aware nhyehyɛe no ho. '''Non mogya mu abusuabɔ''' Ɛnam abusuabɔ so na ɛfa ho: Stepsiblings (stepbrothers anaa stepsisters) yɛ obi mpena mma a wofi abusuabɔ bi a atwam mu. Anuanom a wɔagye wɔn ayɛ wɔn mma no, obi a ɔyɛ obiako a ɔyɛ ne ba na ɔfoforo no yɛ ɔwofo a ɔfa ne ba anaa ɔwofo ankasa na ɔtete no. Anuanom asewnom yɛ obi hokafo nuanom, ne nuabarima hokafo, anaa ne hokafo nuabarima hokafo.[13][14] Wobetumi nso afrɛ obi hokafo nuabarima hokafo sɛ ɔyɔnko nuanom.[15][16] Ɛnyɛ nea ɛfa ho: Anuanom a wɔtete wɔn no yɛ mmofra a wɔtete wɔn wɔ fie koro no ara mu: obi awofo (wofo) mma a wɔhwɛ wɔn, anaasɛ obi a ɔtete no mma anaa mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn.[17][18][19] Nyame nuanom yɛ nyame agya anaa nyame maame mma anaa agya anaa ɛna nyame mma.[citation needed] Anuanom a wɔma nufusu yɛ mmofra a ɔbea koro no ara ama wɔn nufu. Saa abusuabɔ yi wɔ amammerɛ ahorow a ɛwɔ nufusu abusuafo ne Islam mmara mu.[citation needed] Cross-siblings yɛ ankorankoro a wɔkyɛ anuanom fã biako anaa nea ɛboro saa; sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, onipa biako wɔ ɛna no nuabarima biako ne anyɛ yiye koraa no agya no nuanom fã biako a, ɛna ne agya nuanom fã no yɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ mmeamudua ma wɔn ho wɔn ho.[20][adwenem naayɛ – ka ho asɛm]. == Consanguinity ne awosu mu nneɛma == Consanguinity yɛ susudua a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nnipa bɔ abusua kɛse.[21] Awosu mu abusuabɔ kyerɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm dodow a obi wɔ. Sɛnea nnipa nyinaa kyɛ bɛboro 99% wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm koro no ara mu no, consanguinity ho hia ma awosu mu nkwaadɔm no fã ketewaa bi a ɛsono nnipa ahorow ntam nkutoo.[22] Awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wonya no wɔ ade bi a ɛba kwa,[22] na ɛsono saa nsusuwii abien yi.[23] Consaguinity so tew fã wɔ awo ntoatoaso biara a wɔtetew mu denam wɔn nana a wɔbom yɛ nnansa yi ara no so. Anuanom yɛ abusuafo 50% denam consanguinity so sɛnea awo ntoatoaso abien tetew wɔn ho fi wɔn ho wɔn ho ho (onua fi ɔwofo kosi onua) na wɔkyɛ awofo baanu sɛ nananom a wɔbom yɛ. Onuayɛ mmanoma yɛ onua na ɛno nti ɔne abusuafo 50% consanguinity.[24] Anuanom mmanoma no awosu nsɛ kɛse te sɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ daa no. Sɛnea mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no fi zygote koro mu no, wɔn nana a wɔbom yɛ nnansa yi ara ne wɔn ho wɔn ho. Wɔyɛ awosu mu ade koro na wɔyɛ abusuafo 100% bere a awo ntoatoaso a ɛnyɛ hwee na ɛpaapae wɔn mu.[22] Nyansahufo ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa mmanoma ho de ahwehwɛ dwuma a awosu ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia di wɔ su ahorow a ɛba no mu. Nhwehwɛmu a ɛte saa no hwehwɛ mpɛn dodow a mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no wɔ suban su koro no ara mu na wɔde toto mpɛn dodow a mmanoma a wɔyɛ anuanom wɔ su koro no ara ho.[citation needed] Wɔ nhwehwɛmu afoforo mu no, wɔtete mmanoma wɔ mmusua ahorow mu, na nhwehwɛmu ahorow de suban su bi a wɔde kɔ baabi foforo no toto ho denam abusua no mu tebea ne su biako a ɛwɔ mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ ntam. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi ada no adi sɛ wɔ nipasu su ahorow a wonim sɛ ɛyɛ agyapade ho no, awosu di dwuma kɛse wɔ asetra nyinaa mu na edi dwuma kɛse mpo wɔ mfe a edi kan no mu.[25] Anuanom fã yɛ abusuafo 25% denam abusuafo so sɛnea wɔkyɛ ɔwofo biako na awo ntoatoaso abien na ɛtetew wɔn ho wɔn ho ho. Hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ ebia anuanom baanu a wɔyɛ fã biara renkyɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm biara, sɛ wɔannya nkwaboaa koro no ara biara amfi wɔn ɔwofo a wɔkyɛ mu no hɔ a. Eyi betumi ayɛ yiye ama anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ nso, ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye mpo de. Nanso esiane sɛnea nkwaboaa a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ sesa awosu mu nkwaadɔm (esiane nkwaboaa a ɛtwam wɔ meiosis mu nti) bere a ɛwo anaa mmadwoa nkwammoaa renyin no nti, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ eyi bɛba ankasa da no nni hɔ. Obi betumi akyɛ nea ɛboro gyinapɛn consanguinity ne ne nuabarima sɛ n’awofo yɛ abusuafo a (coefficient of inbreeding no boro zero)..[citation needed] Nea ɛyɛ anigye no, anuanom fã betumi ayɛ abusuabɔ denam sɛ "anuanom nkyem anan mu abiɛsa" (related by 3/ 8) sɛ wɔn awofo a wɔnkyɛ wɔn no wɔ consanguinity 50% a. Wei kyerɛ sɛ awofoɔ a wɔnkyɛ no yɛ anuanom, ɛma wɔn nuanom fã no yɛ nuanom mmarima, anaa ɔwofoɔ ne abofra, na ɛma wɔyɛ wɔn nuabea ne ne nua barima fã.[26] == Awo nhyehyɛe == Awo nhyehyɛe yɛ dibea a obi adi wɔ ne nuanom mu sɛnea mfe a wadi te. Mpɛn pii no, nhwehwɛmufo kyekyɛ anuanom mu sɛ "mpanyin", "mfinimfini abofra", ne "nkumaa" anaasɛ wɔkyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda "abakan" ne "akyiri yi" ntam ara kwa. Wɔtaa gye di sɛ awo nhyehyɛe wɔ pop adwene ne nneyɛe ho adesua ne amammerɛ a agye din mu no nya adwene mu nkɔso ne nipasu so nkɛntɛnso kɛse na ɛtra hɔ daa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wohu mmakan sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔyɛ katee na wotumi yɛ nneɛma pii, mmofra a wɔwɔ mfinimfini sɛ abɔde mu ntamgyinafo, na wobu mmofra nkumaa sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔn ho yɛ fɛ na wɔpɛ nnipa pii. Ɛmfa ho sɛ ɛwɔ ɔmanfo anim daa no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ntumi mmaa nneɛma a emu da hɔ, ɛfata, na ɛyɛ den mma bere nyinaa. Enti, anya abodin a ɛyɛ atoro-adwene ho nimdeɛ wɔ nyansahu adwene ho nimdefo kuw no mu.[27] '''Abakɔsɛm''' Wobetumi ahwehwɛ awo nhyehyɛe ho nsusuwii ne adesua no afi Francisco Galton (1822–1911) nsusuwii a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ne nea ɛkorɔn ho ne Alfred Adler (1870–1937) nsusuwii a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ne nipasu su ho no mu.[citation needed '''Galton na ɔkyerɛwee''' Wɔ ne nhoma English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture (1874) mu no, Galton kae sɛ nnwom hyehyɛfo ne nyansahufo a wɔagye din no yɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ abakan dodo.[28] Ɔkaa nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa a enti mpɛn pii no mmakan da nsow kɛse ho asɛm: Mfitiase mmara: mmakan nya wɔn awofo sikasɛm mu ahonyade de toa wɔn nhomasua so.[28] Wɔma mmakan asɛyɛde pii sen wɔn nuanom nkumaa na wɔn awofo ne wɔn di kɛse sɛ ahokafo.[28] Wɔde wɔn adwene si mmakan so kɛse na wonya aduannuru wɔ mmusua a wɔn sikasɛm tebea sua mu.[28] '''Adler na ɔkyerɛwee''' Wɔn a Wodi Kan: Abusua dwumadi ahorow a ɛfa akannifo ne tumidi ho a wodi ho dwuma, otie ma protocol ne hierarchy. Hwehwɛ na wopɛ nhyehyɛe, nhyehyɛe ne gyinapɛn ne mmara a wodi so. Wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ botae a wɔde pere wɔn ho suban mu bere a wɔn asetra gyina nkɔso ne nea wɔatumi ayɛ ho nsɛmti ahorow so no. Wosuro sɛ wɔbɛhwere wɔn dibea wɔ mpanyimfo no atifi.[29] Mfinimfini Mmofra: Te nka sɛ mmusua a wɔatu wɔn afi mu bere a wonni abofra a odi kan no a wodi kan ne "adwene a ɛboaboa ano nnansa yi ara" a akumaa no de ba no. Saa mmofra yi taa yɛ adwumaden kɛse de yi wɔn ho fi wɔn nuanom ho, de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nipasu soronko na ɛyɛ ankorankoro de ama wɔn ho bere a wɔte nka sɛ "wɔapiapia wɔn afi" wɔn mmusua mu no. Mmofra nkumaa: Wɔte nka sɛ wɔn ho nni asɛm sɛ wɔde toto anuanom a wɔanyinyin ho a, wɔtaa bu wɔn sɛ wonni ahoɔden anaa osuahu pii ma enti wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu na wɔsɛe wɔn. Esiane eyi nti, wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ afoforo a wɔtwetwe wɔn/wɔtwetwe wɔn ho sɛ wɔnyɛ nneɛma mma wɔn anaasɛ wɔmfa mma wɔn no mu. Eyi boa ma wonya wɔn ho mfonini sɛ wɔpɛ nnipa na wɔpɛ nnipa pii, bere a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nneyɛe a ɛhwehwɛ adwene mu de di wɔn ahiade ho dwuma no.[30] '''Nneɛma a wɔahu wɔ bere yi mu''' Ɛnnɛ, sintɔ ahorow ne nea enhyia wɔ awo nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu mu no ma ne nokwaredi fi hɔ. Ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobedi nneɛma a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ho nkutoo so, na enti nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara de nea efi mu ba a emu nna hɔ ba.[29] Nea wɔde ahyɛ awo nhyehyɛe ho nsusuwii ahorow mu ne abɔde ne ntetee ho akyinnyegye. Wɔabɔ no agu sɛ biribi awosu wɔ gyinabea a wɔwo obi wom no mu, na ɛno nti ɛde dwuma a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ ba. Awo nhyehyɛe nni awosu mu nnyinaso biara.[31] Nanso asetra mu nkitahodi a ɛba esiane awo nhyehyɛe nti no ne nea ɛda nsow sen biara. Anuanom a wɔanyinyin taa bɛyɛ suban ho nhwɛsofo, na anuanom nkumaa bɛyɛ asuafo ne wɔn a wɔhwɛ so. Anuanom a wɔanyinyin wɔ nkɔso mu mfaso wɔ adwene ne asetra mu nyinaa. Dwuma a awo nhyehyɛe di nso gyina abusua tebea so kɛse na ɛsono emu biara kɛse. Abusua kɛse, anuanom a wohu wɔn, mfe a wɔadi, nhwɛso, awofoyɛ ho akwan, ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna, adesuakuw, abusuakuw, ne suban nyinaa yɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw a ebetumi anya suban so nkɛntɛnso na enti wosusuw sɛ awo akuw pɔtee bi suban. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ awo nhyehyɛe ho no wɔ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ampa, nanso, wɔ mmeae te sɛ nyansa ne nipadua mu nneɛma, nanso ɛda adi sɛ nneɛma afoforo a ɛnyɛ awo gyinabea ankasa na ɛde ba. Nhwehwɛmu bi ada no adi sɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmofra a wodi kan no IQ kɔ soro kakra sen mmofra a wɔawo wɔn akyiri yi.[33] Nanso, nhwehwɛmu afoforo nhu nkɛntɛnso a ɛte saa biara.[34] Wɔahu sɛ mmofra a wodi kan no nya nkontaa abiɛsa sɛ wɔde toto mmofra a wɔwo wɔn a wɔto so abien ho a, na sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmofra a wɔwo wɔn ntɛm wɔ abusua bi mu no yɛ tenten na wɔn mu duru dɔɔso sen wɔn a wɔwo wɔn akyiri yi no.[27] Nanso, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wɔbɛka awo nhyehyɛe su ahorow ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so na wɔde adi dwuma wɔ amansan nyinaa mu wɔ ankorankoro a wɔwɔ saa kuw ketewa no mu nyinaa ho. '''Nnɛyi nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔahu wɔ IQ ho''' '''Nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma ho nhwɛso''' (Blake, 1981) de nneɛma abiɛsa a ebetumi ama anuanom a wɔanyinyin nya nkontaa a ɛkɔ soro wɔ IQ sɔhwɛ ahorow mu no ma:[28] Awofo nneɛma wɔ anohyeto, mmofra a wodi kan nya saa nneɛma yi ho kwan a edi mũ na edi kan.[28] Bere a mmofra dodow a wɔwɔ abusua bi mu kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyɛ nneɛma pii.[28] Saa awofoɔ nneɛma yi wɔ nkɛntɛnsoɔ titire wɔ abofra bi nwomasua mu nkonimdie so.[28] '''Nhyiam ho nhwɛso''' Robert Zajonc hyɛɛ nyansa sɛ adwene mu tebea a ɛwɔ abusua bi mu no sesa bere nyinaa esiane nneɛma abiɛsa nti, na ɛno nti ɛma mmofra a wodi kan awo wɔn adwene mu nkɔso ho kwan kɛse:[28] Ɛho nhia sɛ abakan no kyɛ awofo adwene na wonya wɔn awofo adwene koraa. Anuanom pii a wɔwɔ abusua no mu no to adwene a wɔde si wɔn mu biara so no ano hye.[28] Abakan nya mpanyimfo kasa pii. Wɔn a wɔwo wɔn akyiri yi no nya wɔn nuanom mpanyimfo kasa a ɛnyɛ nea ɛho akokwaw kɛse no.[28] Ɛsɛ sɛ mmakan ne anuanom mpanyimfo bua nsɛmmisa na wɔkyerɛkyerɛ nneɛma mu kyerɛ anuanom nkumaa, na wɔyɛ wɔn ade sɛ akyerɛkyerɛfo. Eyi ma wɔn adwene mu nsɛm ne kasa ho nimdeɛ a wɔde di dwuma no nya nkɔso.[28] Wɔ 1996 mu no, wɔsan nyaa nyansahu a ɛwɔ awo nhyehyɛe akyi ho anigye bere a wotintim Frank Sulloway nhoma Born To Rebel no. Wɔ nhoma yi mu no, Sulloway kyerɛ sɛ abakan no ani gye ho kɛse, wodi asetram tumi kɛse, wɔn adwene nhyia pii, na wɔn ani nnye nsusuwii foforo ho kɛse bere a wɔde toto mmofra a wɔawo wɔn akyiri yi ho no. Bere a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ osuahu ne nhomasua mu de, sɛnea wɔatwe adwene asi nhwehwɛmu pii so wɔ nhoma no nyinaa mu no, wɔtaa kasa tia no sɛ ɛyɛ anuanom ne awo nhyehyɛe no nyinaa ho kyerɛwtohɔ a ɛyɛ animhwɛ na enni mũ. Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ ayɛsɛm nti, nhwehwɛmu ne nsusuwii ahorow a wɔde too gua wɔ ne nyinaa mu no, nhomanimfo afoforo ankasa atia na atipɛnfo ahwɛ mu ansa na wɔreyi no adi.[35]Nwoma mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛhwehwɛ nhwehwɛmu pii mu na wɔabɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛhwɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw so no taa hu nkɛntɛnso kakraa bi wɔ awo ho nhyehyɛe a ɛfa nipasu ho.[36][37] Wɔ ne nyansahu nhoma ahorow mu nhwehwɛmu mu no, Judith Rich Harris kyerɛ sɛ ebia awo nhyehyɛe mu nsunsuanso wɔ abusua a wofi mu no mu, nanso ɛnyɛ nipasu afã horow a ɛtra hɔ daa.[38] Wɔ nneyɛe mu no, awo nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no nhyehyɛe mu no yɛ asɛnnennen efisɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi so ama nneɛma a ɛsakra a akontaabu kyerɛ sɛ ɛne awo nhyehyɛe wɔ abusuabɔ no nyinaa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mpɛn pii no, mmusua akɛse no asetra ne sikasɛm tebea sua sen mmusua nketewa, enti ɛda adi sɛ mmofra a wɔwo wɔn a wɔwoo wɔn mprɛnsa no fi mmusua a wodi hia mu sen mmofra a wodi kan no. Mmofra ntam kwan a ɛda wɔn ntam, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ awofo, ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna yɛ nneɛma foforo a ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw ho. == Suban a ɛsan akyi bere a wɔawo no == Akokoaa foforo a ɔbɛba no yɛ adwennwene titiriw ma mmakan ne anuanom a wɔadi fi mfe 3 kosi 5. Suban a ɛsan n’akyi ne nneyɛe a ɛyɛ basabasa te sɛ akokoaa no a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so nso betumi aba. Wobu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nyinaa sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛtaa ba na ɛfata wɔ nkɔso mu ma mmofra a wɔadi fi mfe 3–5.[citation needed] Bere a wobetumi asiw ebinom ano no, wobetumi ama nea aka no atu mpɔn wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Ebia nneyɛe a ɛsan n’akyi no bi ne toa a wɔhwehwɛ, nsateaa a wɔnom, adesrɛ a wɔde bɛma sɛ wɔmfa mpaboa nhyɛ (sɛ wɔatete no wɔ tiafi mu mpo a), anaasɛ wɔbɛsrɛ sɛ wɔmfa ntama a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban nkɔ. Suban a ɛsan n’akyi yɛ ɔkwan a abofra no fa so hwehwɛ sɛ awofo no dɔ wɔn na wɔde wɔn adwene si so. Amerika Mmofra Ayaresabea Sukuu no kyerɛ[citation needed] sɛ sɛ́ anka awofo bɛkasa atia anaasɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ mmofra sɛ wɔnyɛ wɔn mfe ho ade no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn abisade ahorow no tom ara kwa a wɔrenhaw wɔn. Ɛrenkyɛ mmofra a asɛm no aka wɔn no bɛsan akɔ wɔn dwumadi a wɔtaa yɛ no so bere a wobehu sɛ mprempren wɔanya baabi a ɛho hia wɔ abusua no mu te sɛ onua foforo no ara pɛ no. Wobetumi ama nneyɛe no mu dodow no ara atu mpɔn wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Michigan Sukuupɔn Akwahosan Nhyehyɛe no tu fo[citation needed] sɛ nneyɛe a ɛsan akyi a ɛba no dodow no ara yɛ nea emu nyɛ den na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ kwan; nanso ɛkamfo kyerɛ awofo sɛ sɛ abofra a wanyin no bɔ mmɔden sɛ obepira akokoaa no, sɛ suban a ɛsan n’akyi no ankɔ yiye wɔ asram 2 anaa 3 ntam a, anaasɛ awofo no wɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm foforo a ɛhaw wɔn a, wɔnkɔ mmofra oduruyɛfo anaa mmofra adwene ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. == Akansi == "Anuanom akansi" yɛ akansi anaa nitan bi a ɛda anuanom mmarima ne mmea ntam. Ɛte sɛ nea emu yɛ den titiriw bere a mmofra bɛn wɔn mfe a wɔadi yiye anaasɛ wɔn bɔbeasu yɛ pɛ no.[39] Anuanom akansi betumi ayɛ basabasa; nanso, ɛnyɛ ade koro ne anuanom ayayade a abofra biako yɛ ɔfoforo ayayade no. Anuanom akansi taa fi ase bere a abofra a ɔto so abien no aba akyi pɛɛ, anaasɛ ansa na aba. Bere a anuanom bɛda so ara dɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho no, ɛnyɛ ade foforo sɛ wɔbɛkasakasa na wɔayɛ wɔn ho adwemmɔne.[40] Mmofra yɛ nkate fi bere a wɔadi afe 1 wɔ nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ awofo ayaresa mu ho na ebedu mfe 3 no wɔanya abusua mmara ho ntease a ɛkɔ akyiri na wotumi susuw wɔn ho wɔ wɔn nuanom ho.[1] Anuanom akansi taa kɔ so wɔ wɔn mmofraase nyinaa na ebetumi ayɛ abasamtu ne adwennwen kɛse ama awofo.[41] Nhwehwɛmu bi hui sɛ mfe a wɔadi mfe 10–15 no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ akansi a ɛkɔ soro sen biara wɔ anuanom ntam.[42] Anuanom akansi betumi akɔ so akodu mpanyin afe so na anuanom ntam abusuabɔ betumi asesa kɛse wɔ mfe no mu. Mpanyimfo bɛyɛ nkyem abiɛsa mu biako ka wɔne anuanom ntam abusuabɔ ho asɛm sɛ ɛyɛ akansi anaasɛ ɛwɔ akyirikyiri. Nanso, akansi taa so tew bere kɔ so na anyɛ yiye koraa no, anuanom a wɔadi boro mfe 60 no mu 80% nya abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den.[1] Abofra biara a ɔwɔ abusua bi mu si akan de kyerɛ nnipa ko a wɔyɛ sɛ nnipa na wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔatew wɔn ho afi wɔn nuanom ho. Anuanom akansi kɔ soro bere a mmofra te nka sɛ wɔrenya wɔn awofo adwene a ɛnsɛ, baabi a adwennwen wɔ awofo ne mmofra asetra mu, ne baabi a abusua no gye ntɔkwaw tom sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so siesie ntawntawdi ahorow no. Sigmund Freud hunuu anuanom abusuabɔ no sɛ ɛyɛ Oedipus complex no ntrɛwmu, faako a na anuanom resi akan wɔ wɔn maame adwene ho na anuanom mmea de wɔn papa de wɔn adwene si wɔn so.[43] Adannandie adwene ho animdefo kyerɛkyerɛ anuanom akansi mu wɔ awofo sika a wɔde hyɛ mu ne abusuafo a wɔpaw wɔn ho: ɔwofo pɛ sɛ ɔtrɛw nneɛma mu pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ mmofra a wɔwɔ abusua no mu nyinaa mu, nanso abofra pɛ nneɛma dodow no ara ma n’ankasa. == Abusuabɔ == '''Ahoɔyaw''' Ahoɔyaw nyɛ nkate biako pɛ. Nkate atitiriw a wɔda no adi wɔ ahoɔyaw nkitahodi mu ne ehu, abufuw, ahotɔ, awerɛhow, ne dadwen.[44] Ahoɔyaw ba wɔ asetra mu ahinanan a ɛyɛ abusuabɔ ahorow a enhia onipa a ɔto so abiɛsa mu. Asetra mu afã abiɛsa no fa abusuabɔ a ɛda onipa a n’ani bere ne ɔwofo no ntam, abusuabɔ a ɛda ɔwofo ne nea ɔne no resi akan no ntam, ne abusuabɔ a ɛda onipa a n’ani bere ne nea ɔne no resi akan no ntam.[44] '''Awofo Foforo''' Abakan a wɔde wɔn ho bata wɔn awofo ho no ne wɔn ahoɔyaw suban no wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ. Wɔ nhwehwɛmu bi a Volling yɛe mu no, wogyinaa sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade wɔ ahoɔyaw ho wɔ anuanom a wɔyɛ nkokoaa foforo ne awofo nkitahodi ho mmuae ahorow a ɛsono emu biara no so huu mmofra akuw anan. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔahyɛ ho mmara Mmofra: Mmofra 60% na wɔhyɛ saa kuw yi mu.[44] Saa mmofra yi hwɛ wɔn awofo yiye sɛ wɔne wɔn nua a wɔawo no foforo no di nkitaho, wɔkɔ wɔn nkyɛn wɔ ɔkwan pa so na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nkitahodi no mu.[44] Wɔda suban ho haw kakraa bi adi wɔ asram a edi awo foforo akyi no mu na wɔnkyerɛ suban a ɔhaw wom wɔ ɔwofo ne akokoaa ntam nkitahodi no mu.[44] Wobu saa mmofra yi sɛ wɔwɔ ahobammɔ bere a wɔyɛ wɔn ade sɛnea wɔbɛhwɛ kwan sɛ abofra bi bɛyɛ ade wɔ ofie tebea a wonim no yiye mu a wɔn awofo wɔ hɔ sɛ nnyinaso a ahobammɔ wom a wɔde bɛhwehwɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu.[44]Mmofra a Wɔkwati Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Kwati: Mmofra 30% hwe ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu. [44] . Saa mmofra yi hwɛ awofo ne akokoaa ntam nkitahodi yiye na wɔntaa nkɔ akokoaa no ne ɔwofo no nkyɛn. Wɔn ho pere wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ tebea foforo no mu efisɛ wɔtaa hwehwɛ awerɛkyekye kakraa bi fi wɔn awofo hɔ.[44]Mmofra a Wɔbata Wɔn Ho: Mmofra 6% hwee ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu. Saa mmofra yi wɔ anigye kɛse wɔ ɔwofo ne nkokoaa nkitahodi ho ne ɔpɛ a emu yɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ bɛn ne ɔwofo no nkitahodi, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ ɔwofo ne abofra nkitahodi mu.[44]Mmofra a Wɔhaw: Mmofra 2.7% hwe ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu ] . Saa mmofra yi yɛ wɔn ade wɔ nkate fam na wɔyɛ basabasa. Ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wɔn nkate bɔne no so na ebia ɛda adi sɛ wɔde bɛto akyi sɛ nneyɛe bɔne a ɛfa abofra a wɔawo no foforo no ho.[44] '''Awofo nkɛntɛnso''' Mmofra ani bere nkitahodi a ɛda mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo ne wɔn maamenom ntam no sen sɛnea wɔne mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo ne wɔn agyanom te.[44] Eyi yɛ nea ntease wom efisɛ ɛde besi akokoaa no awo no, na abofra a odi kan no wɔ ɛna no sɛ nea ɔhwɛ no titiriw ma n’ankasa de. Nhwehwɛmu bi akyerɛ sɛ mmofra da ahoɔyaw a ɛnyɛ kɛse adi wɔ agya ne abofra a wɔawo no foforo ntam nkitahodi ho efisɛ agyanom taa twe nkate bɔne aso na wonnya abodwokyɛre kɛse te sɛ ɛnanom a wɔde wɔn ho bata ho ne ahoyeraw a wotumi hu no, ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛka eyi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so de. Mmofra a wɔwɔ awofo a wɔwɔ aware mu abusuabɔ pa no tumi hwɛ wɔn ahoɔyaw nkate horow no so yiye.[44] Mmofra taa da ahoɔyaw adi bere a wɔn awofo de wɔn adwene rekɔ onua no so sen bere a awofo no ne wɔn nkutoo na ɛredi nkitaho no bɔ abira.[44] Awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ aware mu nkitahodi pa mu no boa wɔn mma ma wogyina ahoɔyaw ano ma wotumi sesa wɔn ho. Wɔyɛ eyi denam ɔhaw ahorow ano aduru ne ntawntawdi ano aduru ho nhwɛso a wɔyɛ ma wɔn mma no so. Mmofra nso ntaa nnya ahoɔyaw nkate bere a wɔte ofie a abusua no mu biara kyɛ ɔdɔ ne anigye mu na ɔda no adi mu no.[44] '''Nsusuwii ahorow a ɛda adi pefee''' Nsusuwii ahorow a ɛda adi pefee a ɛfa abusuabɔ ho no ne akwan horow a mmofra fa so susuw akwan horow a wɔbɛfa so adi tebea foforo bi ho dwuma ho no wɔ abusuabɔ. Mmofra betumi ahwe ase akuw abien a ɛfa nsusuwii a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ nokware so ho. Ebia wɔyɛ nsusuwii hunufo a wotumi dannan wɔn ho na wogye di sɛ wobetumi aka nsakrae wɔ tebea horow ne nnipa so. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ foforo no, wobetumi ayɛ nsusuwiifo a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ, a wogye di sɛ tebea horow ne nnipa ntumi nsakra.[45] Saa gyidi ahorow a ɛda adi pefee yi na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔn ahoɔyaw nkate no mu yɛ den, ne bere tenten a saa ahoɔyaw nkate ahorow no bɛtra hɔ.[45]Malleable Theorists da suban ahorow a ɛkanyan adwene adi, te sɛ ɔwofo anaa onua a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma tebea no atu mpɔn. Wɔtaa nya ahoɔyaw nkate a emu yɛ den na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ efisɛ wɔde bere pii susuw tebea no ho na wɔkyekye akwan horow a wɔbɛfa so ama ayɛ yiye.[45]Fixed Theorists da nneyɛe a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu adi, sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔsan wɔn akyi kɔ wɔn dan mu esiane sɛ wogye di nti wɔn nneyɛe no mu biara rennya tebea no so nkɛntɛnso anaasɛ ɛbɛma atu mpɔn.[45] Wɔtaa nya ahoɔyaw nkate a emu yɛ den na ɛtra hɔ bere tiaa bi sen nsusuwiifo a wotumi dannan wɔn ho.[45] '''Mfe ahorow ahorow''' Mmofra a wɔanyinyin taa ani bere pii te sɛ wɔn nua kumaa no.[44] Eyi fi tumi a wotumi de adwene di asetra mu tebea no ho dwuma wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛma wonya nkate pa, tema kɛse ma wɔn nua kumaa no.[44] Mmofra a wɔanyinyin tumi gyina wɔn anibere nkate a wɔwɔ ma wɔn nua kumaa no ano yiye esiane abusuabɔ a ɛho hia a ɛda ɔwofo no ne ne nua kumaa ntam no ntease nti.[44] Mmofra a wɔanyinyin nso tumi hwɛ wɔn nkate so yiye na wɔmfa wɔn ho nto wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔn so kɛse wɔ abɔnten so mmara ho sɛnea ɛne wɔn nuanom nkumaa bɔ abira.[44] Anuanom nkumaa ahoɔyaw nkate no yɛ nea abufuw nkate di so.[44] Abusuabɔ a ɛda abofra kumaa ne abofra panyin no ntam no su nso yɛ ade a ɛma ahoɔyaw ba, efisɛ dodow a abusuabɔ no ye no dodow no ara na ahoɔyaw nkate ahorow no ankɔ so kɛse na nea ɛne no bɔ abira no.[44] '''Ntawntawdi''' Anuanom ntam ntawntawdi abu so na wɔtaa twe wɔn ho fi ho sɛ anuanom ahoɔden fã a wogye tom. Ɛmfa ho ntawntawdi ahorow pii a anuanom taa de wɔn ho hyɛ mu no, wobetumi akyekyɛ anuanom ntam ntawntawdi mu akuw abien a ɛtrɛw.[46] Ɔfã a edi kan no yɛ ntawntawdi a ɛfa pɛyɛ anaa atɛntrenee ho. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛ wubehu anuanom a wosusuw sɛ wɔn akyerɛkyerɛfo, wɔn atipɛnfo, anaa ne titiriw no wɔn awofo ani gye wɔn nua ho. Nokwarem no, ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛ wubehu anuanom a wɔn baanu nyinaa susuw sɛ wɔn awofo ani gye onua foforo no ho. Pɛyɛ a wosusuw sɛ ɛnyɛ pɛ wɔ nneɛma a wɔkyekyɛ mu te sɛ nea onyaa aduan a ɛyɛ dɛ kɛse no nso hyɛ saa ntawntawdi kuw yi mu. Ɛte sɛ nea saa ntawntawdi yi abu so kɛse wɔ onua kumaa no mu.[46] Ntawntawdi a ɛto so abien no fa abofra bi a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ n’ankasa tumi a wɔn nua no bɛtow ahyɛ ne so no ho. Saa ntawntawdi yi ho nhwɛso ne bere a abofra bi hyɛn ne nua no dan mu bere a wɔmma no akwaaba, anaasɛ bere a abofra bi twa kɔ ne nua no nkyɛn wɔ kar no mu wɔ ɔkwan tenten bi mu no. Ɛte sɛ nea saa ntɔkwaw ahorow yi ho hia kɛse ma anuanom a wɔn mfe akɔ anim esiane ahofadi ho akɔnnɔ kɛse a wɔwɔ nti.[46] '''Ɔhyew''' Anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew yɛ asɛmfua a wɔde kyerɛ ɔdɔ ne ayɔnkofa a anuanom wɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew no nya anuanom so nkɛntɛnso. Anuanom ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro no ne asetra mu nimdeɛ a eye ne asetra mu ahoɔden a wosusuw sɛ ɛkɔ soro no wɔ abusuabɔ. Wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ soro mpo mu sɛ anuanom mu ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro nso wɔ hɔ a ɛnde asetra mu nimdeɛ ne ahokokwaw kɔ so yɛ nea ennya nkɛntɛnso biara.[47] '''Nneɛma bɔne a efi ntawntawdi mu ba''' Asɛm a wɔka sɛ nkurɔfo "ko te sɛ anuanom" no kyerɛ sɛnea anuanom ntam ntawntawdi betumi ayɛ nea wɔde sobo abɔ wɔn ne sɛnea wogye anuanom ntawntawdi tom yiye. Ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobetumi agye saa akasakasa ahorow yi atom kɛse no, anuanom ntam ntawntawdi betumi anya anuanom baanu no so nkɛntɛnso ahorow pii. Wɔada no adi sɛ anuanom ntam ntawntawdi dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ne dadwen ne adwenemhaw a ɛkɔ soro wɔ anuanom mu no wɔ abusuabɔ, ne ne ho a ɛsom bo a ɛba fam ne nhomasua mu nimdeɛ a ɛba fam. Nea ɛka ho no, anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew nyɛ ade a ɛbɔ wɔn ho ban wɔ nkɛntɛnso bɔne a efi dadwen, adwenemhaw, ne ho a wonni ne nhomasua mu nimdeɛ a ɛba fam mu ba no ho. Wei kyerɛ sɛ anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew no ntumi nsiw saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi ano.[47] Anuanom ntam ntawntawdi nso ne nneyɛe a asiane wom kɛse a ɛkɔ soro no wɔ abusuabɔ a nea ɛka ho ne: sigaretnom, sukuu nna a wohuruw, polisifo a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho, ne nneyɛe afoforo a ɛwɔ Caucasian anuanom baanu mu gye mmakan a wɔwɔ anuanom nkumaa nkutoo. Gye sɛ onua panyin a ɔwɔ saa baanu yi mu no anuanom ntawntawdi ne suban a asiane wom wɔ abusuabɔ pa, enti anuanom ntawntawdi betumi ayɛ asiane a ɛde suban ho haw ahorow ba.[48] Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ nea na ɔko no asɛmti yɛ ho (ankorankoro tumidi a wɔtow hyɛ so anaasɛ pɛyɛ a enni hɔ) nso kyerɛ sɛ ebia ɔko no asɛmti no benya nea ebefi ntawntawdi no mu aba no so. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛe sɛ na anuanom ntam ntawntawdi wɔ ankorankoro tumidi ho no ne obu a ɛba fam a wobu wɔn ho no wɔ abusuabɔ, na ɛte sɛ nea anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛfa pɛyɛ a wosusuw sɛ enni hɔ ho no ne adwenemhaw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu no nso kyerɛe sɛ adwenemhaw ne dadwen ho sɛnkyerɛnne akɛse nso ne anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛtaa ba ne anuanom ntawntawdi a emu yɛ den kɛse no wɔ abusuabɔ.[46] '''Awofo kwan a wfa so di ntawntawdi ho''' Akwan a awofo fa so di wɔn mma ntawntawdi ho dwuma no bi ne awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu, awofo a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu ho akwan horow a wɔde wɔn adwene si mmofra so, ne nea ɛntaa mma sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ honam fam ntawntawdi ho nkuran wɔ anuanom ntam. Nea ɛka awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu no ho ne akwan horow a ɔwofo no bu n’ani gu anuanom no ntawntawdi so na ɔma wɔyɛ ho adwuma wɔ wɔn ntam a wonni akwankyerɛ a efi abɔnten. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔpaw saa kwan yi sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛkwati tebea horow a ɔwofo no si onua a ɔfata ho gyinae na ebia ɔbɛpɛ onua biako asen ɔfoforo no, nanso, ɛdenam saa kwan yi a wobedi akyi so no, ɔwofo no betumi de hokwan a ɔwɔ no abɔ afɔre de akyerɛkyerɛ wɔn mma sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ no di ntawntawdi ho dwuma. Nea ɛka awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a wɔde mmofra di dwuma no ho ne akwan horow a ɔwofo no fa so yɛ ntamgyinafo ma akyinnyegye a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmofra baanu no ntam na ɔboa wɔn ma wɔyɛ adwene biako. Sɛ awofo de saa kwan yi di dwuma a, ebia wɔbɛboa ma wɔayɛ sɛnea mmofra no betumi adi ntawntawdi ho dwuma daakye ho nhwɛso; nanso ɛsɛ sɛ awofo kwati sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ nea ebefi mu aba no akyerɛ mmofra no, na wɔhwɛ hu sɛ wɔn na wɔreyɛ ntamgyinafo a wɔde nyansahyɛ ahorow rema akyinnyegye no, na ama mmofra no atumi asi nea ebefi mu aba no ho gyinae. Ebia eyi ho hia titiriw bere a mmofra no binom wɔ autism no.[49] Awofo no betumi apaw akwan horow a awofo hyɛ nipadua mu basabasayɛ ho nkuran wɔ anuanom ntam no ho nkuran na aboa mmofra ma wɔadi basabasayɛ ho dwuma daakye, nanso, ɛte sɛ nea saa kwan yi nyɛ nea etu mpɔn efisɛ ɛne ntawntawdi kɛse a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmofra ntam no wɔ abusuabɔ. Awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu no nso ne anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ soro, ne anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew a ɛba fam no wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a egyina mmofra so no nya nkɛntɛnso pa wɔ anuanom ntam abusuabɔ so a ɛne anuanom ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro ne anuanom ntawntawdi a ɛba fam no wɔ abusuabɔ.[50] '''Nsunsuanso a ɛba bere tenten a ɛba bere a obi wɔ hɔ''' Nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ wɔ asetra mu nimdeɛ ne nipasu mu nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ mmofra nkutoo ne mmofra a wɔwɔ anuanom ntam no kyerɛ sɛ ne nyinaa mu no, onua bi a ɔwɔ hɔ no nnya abofra no so nkɛntɛnso biara sɛ ɔpanyin.[51] == Mmarima ne mmea dwumadi ahorow wɔ mmofra ne awofo mu == Nsonsonoe bi wɔ anuanom ntam bere nyinaa, titiriw anuanom a ɛsono wɔn bɔbeasu. Mpɛn pii no, anuanom a ɛsono wɔn bɔbeasu betumi abu nneɛma sɛ ɛnteɛ efisɛ wɔma wɔn nuabarima anaa nuabea kwan ma wɔyɛ nneɛma bi esiane wɔn bɔbeasu nti, bere a wonya kwan yɛ biribi a ɛnyɛ anigye pii anaasɛ ɛyɛ soronko ara kwa no. McHale ne ne yɔnko dwumayɛni yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri a wɔde mmofra a wɔadi mfe mfinimfini dii dwuma na wɔhwɛɛ ɔkwan a awofo no faa so boaa su horow a ɛyɛ katee wɔ wɔn mma mu no. Wɔ wɔn nhwehwɛmu no mu no, wɔn a wɔsɔɔ hwɛe no yɛɛ mmusua ahorow abien mu nhwehwɛmu, biako wɔ anuanom a wɔne wɔn ho da, na biako nso wɔ anuanom a ɛsono wɔn bɔbeasu, ne mmofra no awo nhyehyɛe nso.[52] Wɔde telefon so nsɛmbisa na ɛyɛɛ sɔhwɛ no, a na wɔn a wɔsɔ hwɛ no bebisa mmofra no dwumadi ahorow a wɔyɛe wɔ wɔn da mũ no nyinaa wɔ sukuu akyi no ho asɛm.[52] Wɔn a wɔsɔɔ hwɛe no hui sɛ wɔ afie a na mmofra a wɔyɛ mmarima ne mmea a wɔadi afra wɔ hɔ, na agya no kura atetesɛm gyinapɛn ahorow no mu no, mmofra no nso kura atetesɛm gyinapɛn ahorow na enti wɔsan nso di dwuma a egyina ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna so wɔ fie hɔ. Nea ɛne eyi bɔ abira no, wɔ afie a na agya no nni atetesɛm mu gyinapɛn ahorow mu no, na wɔkyekyɛ ofie nnwuma no mu pɛpɛɛpɛ kɛse wɔ ne mma no mu.[52] Nanso, sɛ agyanom wɔ mma mmarima baanu a, na ɔbarima kumaa no taa boa kɛse wɔ ofie nnwuma mu, nanso bere a oduu ne mmabunbere mu no abofra kumaa no gyaee sɛ ɔbɛboa saa wɔ ofie no mu. Nanso, nhomasua betumi ayɛ ade a ɛma obi adwene tu fra a ɛka agya no suban ne anuanom no nneyɛe nyinaa, na ɛna no suban no annya nkɛntɛnso a ɛda adi.[52] g4puf51dae85mrby16f3ofbeo0r49l0 132626 132623 2022-07-28T17:33:57Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Onua yɛ obusuani a anyɛ yiye koraa no ɔne asɛm no kyɛ ɔwofo biako. Onua barima yɛ onua na onua a ɔyɛ ɔbea yɛ onuawa. Obi a onni nuanom no yɛ abofra koro pɛ. Bere a tebea horow bi betumi ama wɔatete anuanom wɔ ɔkwan soronko so (te sɛ mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn wɔ mmofraase) no, aman dodow no ara wɔ anuanom a wɔbom nyin. Eyi ma nkate mu abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ba, a wobu anuanom sɛ abusuabɔ soronko bi ma n’ankasa ho. Nkate mu abusuabɔ a ɛda anuanom ntam no taa yɛ den na nneɛma te sɛ awofo ayaresa, awo nhyehyɛe, nipasu, ne ankorankoro osuahu ahorow a ɛwɔ abusua no akyi na ɛma wonya so nkɛntɛnso.[1] Aduruyɛ mu no, onua a ɔyɛ pɛ yɛ obusuani a ɔdi kan na onua fã yɛ obusuani a ɔtɔ so mmienu sɛdeɛ wɔyɛ abusuafoɔ 50% ne 25%.[2][3] == Nkyerɛase ahorow == Wɔsan de asɛmfua onuayɛ bae wɔ afe 1903 mu wɔ asɛm bi a ɛwɔ Bioometrika mu, sɛ nkyerɛase a wɔde maa German Geschwister, efisɛ wɔmfaa nni dwuma fi 1425.[4][5] Anuanom anaa anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ (anuanom mmea anaa anuanom mmarima [a wɔyɛ pɛ]) wɔ awofo koro a wɔwoo wɔn. Anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ nso yɛ anuanom a wɔtaa yɛ.[citation needed] Twins yɛ anuanom a wɔwo wɔn bere koro mu.[citation needed] Mpɛn pii no, mmanoma a wɔwɔ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den benya twin kasa fi nkokoaabere mu, kasa a wɔkyɛ nkutoo ne ate ase wɔ abien no ntam. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow kyerɛ sɛ ɛte sɛ nea mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no da mmanoma kasa pii adi sen mmanoma a wɔyɛ anuanom. Sɛ obi di bɛyɛ mfe 3 a, mpɛn pii no, mmanoma kasa ba awiei.[6] Mpɛn pii no, mmanoma wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse esiane sɛ wɔbom nyin na wɔadi mfe koro nti. Anuanom mma (nuanom mma anaa anuanom mma) yɛ nnipa a wɔne ɔwofo biako. Ebia wɔwɔ ɛna koro nanso ɛsono agyanom (wɔ saa tebea no mu no, wonim wɔn sɛ anuanom a wɔwɔ awotwaa mu anaasɛ ɛnanom mu anuanom fã), anaasɛ ebia wɔwɔ agya koro nanso ɛsono ɛnanom (wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, wonim wɔn sɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ agya anaa agya fã -nuanom.Wɔ mmara mu no, wɔde asɛmfua consanguine si agnate ananmu)..[citation needed] Wɔ mmara mu (ne titiriw no agyapade ho mmara) mu no, wɔtaa ma anuanom a wɔyɛ fã no ayaresa a ɛne anuanom a wɔyɛ mũ de no nyɛ pɛ. Bere bi Engiresifo mmara dedaw a wɔtaa de di dwuma no de pɛyɛ a enni hɔ kaa mmara a ɛfa adedi a wonni agyapade ho no ho, na na anuanom fã gye wɔn nuanom a wonni agyapade no agyapade fã pɛ te sɛ anuanom a wɔwɔ mogya mũ no nyinaa. Wɔayi ayaresa a ɛnteɛ a ɛte sɛɛ no ​​afi hɔ koraa wɔ England,[7] nanso ɛda so ara wɔ hɔ wɔ U.S. mantam Florida mu.[8] Anuanom nkyem anan mu abiɛsa wɔ ɔwofo biako mu, bere a awofo a wɔnkyɛ no yɛ abusuafo a edi kan ma wɔn ho wɔn ho, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ ɔbarima bi wɔ mma ne mmea baanu a wɔyɛ anuanom mmea, anaasɛ ɔbea bi ne ɔbarima ne ne babarima wɔ mma a. Wɔ nea edi kan no mu no, mmofra no yɛ anuanom mma ne wɔn nuanom mma a wodi kan nso; nea ɛto so abien no mu no, mmofra no yɛ anuanom fã ne avuncular pair nso. Wɔyɛ awosu mu abusuabɔ a ɛbɛn sen anuanom fã nanso wɔn awosu mu bɛn wɔn kɛse sen anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ,[9] awosu mu abusuabɔ bi a ɛntaa nsi wɔ nnipa mu na wonsuaa ho ade pii.[10] Diblings, portmanteau a ɛyɛ onua a ɔde mae, anaasɛ onua a ɔde mae nyinsɛn no, anaasɛ onua a ɔde mae-sperm no, nam nkesua anaa mmadwoa a wɔde ama so na ɛka bom wɔ abɔde mu.[11][12] Diblings yɛ anuanom wɔ awosu mu ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ mmara kwan so de esiane abusua hokwan ne agyapade nti. Wohu sɛ ntoboa a wɔmmɔ din no de nsɛnnennen ka aware nhyehyɛe no ho. '''Non mogya mu abusuabɔ''' Ɛnam abusuabɔ so na ɛfa ho: Stepsiblings (stepbrothers anaa stepsisters) yɛ obi mpena mma a wofi abusuabɔ bi a atwam mu. Anuanom a wɔagye wɔn ayɛ wɔn mma no, obi a ɔyɛ obiako a ɔyɛ ne ba na ɔfoforo no yɛ ɔwofo a ɔfa ne ba anaa ɔwofo ankasa na ɔtete no. Anuanom asewnom yɛ obi hokafo nuanom, ne nuabarima hokafo, anaa ne hokafo nuabarima hokafo.[13][14] Wobetumi nso afrɛ obi hokafo nuabarima hokafo sɛ ɔyɔnko nuanom.[15][16] Ɛnyɛ nea ɛfa ho: Anuanom a wɔtete wɔn no yɛ mmofra a wɔtete wɔn wɔ fie koro no ara mu: obi awofo (wofo) mma a wɔhwɛ wɔn, anaasɛ obi a ɔtete no mma anaa mmofra a wɔhwɛ wɔn.[17][18][19] Nyame nuanom yɛ nyame agya anaa nyame maame mma anaa agya anaa ɛna nyame mma.[citation needed] Anuanom a wɔma nufusu yɛ mmofra a ɔbea koro no ara ama wɔn nufu. Saa abusuabɔ yi wɔ amammerɛ ahorow a ɛwɔ nufusu abusuafo ne Islam mmara mu.[citation needed] Cross-siblings yɛ ankorankoro a wɔkyɛ anuanom fã biako anaa nea ɛboro saa; sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, onipa biako wɔ ɛna no nuabarima biako ne anyɛ yiye koraa no agya no nuanom fã biako a, ɛna ne agya nuanom fã no yɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ mmeamudua ma wɔn ho wɔn ho.[20][adwenem naayɛ – ka ho asɛm]. == Consanguinity ne awosu mu nneɛma == Consanguinity yɛ susudua a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nnipa bɔ abusua kɛse.[21] Awosu mu abusuabɔ kyerɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm dodow a obi wɔ. Sɛnea nnipa nyinaa kyɛ bɛboro 99% wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm koro no ara mu no, consanguinity ho hia ma awosu mu nkwaadɔm no fã ketewaa bi a ɛsono nnipa ahorow ntam nkutoo.[22] Awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wonya no wɔ ade bi a ɛba kwa,[22] na ɛsono saa nsusuwii abien yi.[23] Consaguinity so tew fã wɔ awo ntoatoaso biara a wɔtetew mu denam wɔn nana a wɔbom yɛ nnansa yi ara no so. Anuanom yɛ abusuafo 50% denam consanguinity so sɛnea awo ntoatoaso abien tetew wɔn ho fi wɔn ho wɔn ho ho (onua fi ɔwofo kosi onua) na wɔkyɛ awofo baanu sɛ nananom a wɔbom yɛ. Onuayɛ mmanoma yɛ onua na ɛno nti ɔne abusuafo 50% consanguinity.[24] Anuanom mmanoma no awosu nsɛ kɛse te sɛ anuanom a wɔyɛ daa no. Sɛnea mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no fi zygote koro mu no, wɔn nana a wɔbom yɛ nnansa yi ara ne wɔn ho wɔn ho. Wɔyɛ awosu mu ade koro na wɔyɛ abusuafo 100% bere a awo ntoatoaso a ɛnyɛ hwee na ɛpaapae wɔn mu.[22] Nyansahufo ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa mmanoma ho de ahwehwɛ dwuma a awosu ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia di wɔ su ahorow a ɛba no mu. Nhwehwɛmu a ɛte saa no hwehwɛ mpɛn dodow a mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ no wɔ suban su koro no ara mu na wɔde toto mpɛn dodow a mmanoma a wɔyɛ anuanom wɔ su koro no ara ho.[citation needed] Wɔ nhwehwɛmu afoforo mu no, wɔtete mmanoma wɔ mmusua ahorow mu, na nhwehwɛmu ahorow de suban su bi a wɔde kɔ baabi foforo no toto ho denam abusua no mu tebea ne su biako a ɛwɔ mmanoma a wɔyɛ pɛ ntam. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi ada no adi sɛ wɔ nipasu su ahorow a wonim sɛ ɛyɛ agyapade ho no, awosu di dwuma kɛse wɔ asetra nyinaa mu na edi dwuma kɛse mpo wɔ mfe a edi kan no mu.[25] Anuanom fã yɛ abusuafo 25% denam abusuafo so sɛnea wɔkyɛ ɔwofo biako na awo ntoatoaso abien na ɛtetew wɔn ho wɔn ho ho. Hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ ebia anuanom baanu a wɔyɛ fã biara renkyɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm biara, sɛ wɔannya nkwaboaa koro no ara biara amfi wɔn ɔwofo a wɔkyɛ mu no hɔ a. Eyi betumi ayɛ yiye ama anuanom a wɔyɛ pɛ nso, ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye mpo de. Nanso esiane sɛnea nkwaboaa a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ sesa awosu mu nkwaadɔm (esiane nkwaboaa a ɛtwam wɔ meiosis mu nti) bere a ɛwo anaa mmadwoa nkwammoaa renyin no nti, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ eyi bɛba ankasa da no nni hɔ. Obi betumi akyɛ nea ɛboro gyinapɛn consanguinity ne ne nuabarima sɛ n’awofo yɛ abusuafo a (coefficient of inbreeding no boro zero)..[citation needed] Nea ɛyɛ anigye no, anuanom fã betumi ayɛ abusuabɔ denam sɛ "anuanom nkyem anan mu abiɛsa" (related by 3/ 8) sɛ wɔn awofo a wɔnkyɛ wɔn no wɔ consanguinity 50% a. Wei kyerɛ sɛ awofoɔ a wɔnkyɛ no yɛ anuanom, ɛma wɔn nuanom fã no yɛ nuanom mmarima, anaa ɔwofoɔ ne abofra, na ɛma wɔyɛ wɔn nuabea ne ne nua barima fã.[26] == Awo nhyehyɛe == Awo nhyehyɛe yɛ dibea a obi adi wɔ ne nuanom mu sɛnea mfe a wadi te. Mpɛn pii no, nhwehwɛmufo kyekyɛ anuanom mu sɛ "mpanyin", "mfinimfini abofra", ne "nkumaa" anaasɛ wɔkyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda "abakan" ne "akyiri yi" ntam ara kwa. Wɔtaa gye di sɛ awo nhyehyɛe wɔ pop adwene ne nneyɛe ho adesua ne amammerɛ a agye din mu no nya adwene mu nkɔso ne nipasu so nkɛntɛnso kɛse na ɛtra hɔ daa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wohu mmakan sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔyɛ katee na wotumi yɛ nneɛma pii, mmofra a wɔwɔ mfinimfini sɛ abɔde mu ntamgyinafo, na wobu mmofra nkumaa sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔn ho yɛ fɛ na wɔpɛ nnipa pii. Ɛmfa ho sɛ ɛwɔ ɔmanfo anim daa no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ntumi mmaa nneɛma a emu da hɔ, ɛfata, na ɛyɛ den mma bere nyinaa. Enti, anya abodin a ɛyɛ atoro-adwene ho nimdeɛ wɔ nyansahu adwene ho nimdefo kuw no mu.[27] '''Abakɔsɛm''' Wobetumi ahwehwɛ awo nhyehyɛe ho nsusuwii ne adesua no afi Francisco Galton (1822–1911) nsusuwii a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ne nea ɛkorɔn ho ne Alfred Adler (1870–1937) nsusuwii a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ne nipasu su ho no mu.[citation needed '''Galton na ɔkyerɛwee''' Wɔ ne nhoma English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture (1874) mu no, Galton kae sɛ nnwom hyehyɛfo ne nyansahufo a wɔagye din no yɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ abakan dodo.[28] Ɔkaa nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa a enti mpɛn pii no mmakan da nsow kɛse ho asɛm: Mfitiase mmara: mmakan nya wɔn awofo sikasɛm mu ahonyade de toa wɔn nhomasua so.[28] Wɔma mmakan asɛyɛde pii sen wɔn nuanom nkumaa na wɔn awofo ne wɔn di kɛse sɛ ahokafo.[28] Wɔde wɔn adwene si mmakan so kɛse na wonya aduannuru wɔ mmusua a wɔn sikasɛm tebea sua mu.[28] '''Adler na ɔkyerɛwee''' Wɔn a Wodi Kan: Abusua dwumadi ahorow a ɛfa akannifo ne tumidi ho a wodi ho dwuma, otie ma protocol ne hierarchy. Hwehwɛ na wopɛ nhyehyɛe, nhyehyɛe ne gyinapɛn ne mmara a wodi so. Wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ botae a wɔde pere wɔn ho suban mu bere a wɔn asetra gyina nkɔso ne nea wɔatumi ayɛ ho nsɛmti ahorow so no. Wosuro sɛ wɔbɛhwere wɔn dibea wɔ mpanyimfo no atifi.[29] Mfinimfini Mmofra: Te nka sɛ mmusua a wɔatu wɔn afi mu bere a wonni abofra a odi kan no a wodi kan ne "adwene a ɛboaboa ano nnansa yi ara" a akumaa no de ba no. Saa mmofra yi taa yɛ adwumaden kɛse de yi wɔn ho fi wɔn nuanom ho, de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nipasu soronko na ɛyɛ ankorankoro de ama wɔn ho bere a wɔte nka sɛ "wɔapiapia wɔn afi" wɔn mmusua mu no. Mmofra nkumaa: Wɔte nka sɛ wɔn ho nni asɛm sɛ wɔde toto anuanom a wɔanyinyin ho a, wɔtaa bu wɔn sɛ wonni ahoɔden anaa osuahu pii ma enti wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu na wɔsɛe wɔn. Esiane eyi nti, wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ afoforo a wɔtwetwe wɔn/wɔtwetwe wɔn ho sɛ wɔnyɛ nneɛma mma wɔn anaasɛ wɔmfa mma wɔn no mu. Eyi boa ma wonya wɔn ho mfonini sɛ wɔpɛ nnipa na wɔpɛ nnipa pii, bere a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nneyɛe a ɛhwehwɛ adwene mu de di wɔn ahiade ho dwuma no.[30] '''Nneɛma a wɔahu wɔ bere yi mu''' Ɛnnɛ, sintɔ ahorow ne nea enhyia wɔ awo nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu mu no ma ne nokwaredi fi hɔ. Ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobedi nneɛma a ɛfa awo nhyehyɛe ho nkutoo so, na enti nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara de nea efi mu ba a emu nna hɔ ba.[29] Nea wɔde ahyɛ awo nhyehyɛe ho nsusuwii ahorow mu ne abɔde ne ntetee ho akyinnyegye. Wɔabɔ no agu sɛ biribi awosu wɔ gyinabea a wɔwo obi wom no mu, na ɛno nti ɛde dwuma a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ ba. Awo nhyehyɛe nni awosu mu nnyinaso biara.[31] Nanso asetra mu nkitahodi a ɛba esiane awo nhyehyɛe nti no ne nea ɛda nsow sen biara. Anuanom a wɔanyinyin taa bɛyɛ suban ho nhwɛsofo, na anuanom nkumaa bɛyɛ asuafo ne wɔn a wɔhwɛ so. Anuanom a wɔanyinyin wɔ nkɔso mu mfaso wɔ adwene ne asetra mu nyinaa. Dwuma a awo nhyehyɛe di nso gyina abusua tebea so kɛse na ɛsono emu biara kɛse. Abusua kɛse, anuanom a wohu wɔn, mfe a wɔadi, nhwɛso, awofoyɛ ho akwan, ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna, adesuakuw, abusuakuw, ne suban nyinaa yɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw a ebetumi anya suban so nkɛntɛnso na enti wosusuw sɛ awo akuw pɔtee bi suban. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ awo nhyehyɛe ho no wɔ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den ampa, nanso, wɔ mmeae te sɛ nyansa ne nipadua mu nneɛma, nanso ɛda adi sɛ nneɛma afoforo a ɛnyɛ awo gyinabea ankasa na ɛde ba. Nhwehwɛmu bi ada no adi sɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmofra a wodi kan no IQ kɔ soro kakra sen mmofra a wɔawo wɔn akyiri yi.[33] Nanso, nhwehwɛmu afoforo nhu nkɛntɛnso a ɛte saa biara.[34] Wɔahu sɛ mmofra a wodi kan no nya nkontaa abiɛsa sɛ wɔde toto mmofra a wɔwo wɔn a wɔto so abien ho a, na sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmofra a wɔwo wɔn ntɛm wɔ abusua bi mu no yɛ tenten na wɔn mu duru dɔɔso sen wɔn a wɔwo wɔn akyiri yi no.[27] Nanso, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wɔbɛka awo nhyehyɛe su ahorow ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so na wɔde adi dwuma wɔ amansan nyinaa mu wɔ ankorankoro a wɔwɔ saa kuw ketewa no mu nyinaa ho. '''Nnɛyi nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔahu wɔ IQ ho''' '''Nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma ho nhwɛso''' (Blake, 1981) de nneɛma abiɛsa a ebetumi ama anuanom a wɔanyinyin nya nkontaa a ɛkɔ soro wɔ IQ sɔhwɛ ahorow mu no ma:[28] Awofo nneɛma wɔ anohyeto, mmofra a wodi kan nya saa nneɛma yi ho kwan a edi mũ na edi kan.[28] Bere a mmofra dodow a wɔwɔ abusua bi mu kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyɛ nneɛma pii.[28] Saa awofoɔ nneɛma yi wɔ nkɛntɛnsoɔ titire wɔ abofra bi nwomasua mu nkonimdie so.[28] '''Nhyiam ho nhwɛso''' Robert Zajonc hyɛɛ nyansa sɛ adwene mu tebea a ɛwɔ abusua bi mu no sesa bere nyinaa esiane nneɛma abiɛsa nti, na ɛno nti ɛma mmofra a wodi kan awo wɔn adwene mu nkɔso ho kwan kɛse:[28] Ɛho nhia sɛ abakan no kyɛ awofo adwene na wonya wɔn awofo adwene koraa. Anuanom pii a wɔwɔ abusua no mu no to adwene a wɔde si wɔn mu biara so no ano hye.[28] Abakan nya mpanyimfo kasa pii. Wɔn a wɔwo wɔn akyiri yi no nya wɔn nuanom mpanyimfo kasa a ɛnyɛ nea ɛho akokwaw kɛse no.[28] Ɛsɛ sɛ mmakan ne anuanom mpanyimfo bua nsɛmmisa na wɔkyerɛkyerɛ nneɛma mu kyerɛ anuanom nkumaa, na wɔyɛ wɔn ade sɛ akyerɛkyerɛfo. Eyi ma wɔn adwene mu nsɛm ne kasa ho nimdeɛ a wɔde di dwuma no nya nkɔso.[28] Wɔ 1996 mu no, wɔsan nyaa nyansahu a ɛwɔ awo nhyehyɛe akyi ho anigye bere a wotintim Frank Sulloway nhoma Born To Rebel no. Wɔ nhoma yi mu no, Sulloway kyerɛ sɛ abakan no ani gye ho kɛse, wodi asetram tumi kɛse, wɔn adwene nhyia pii, na wɔn ani nnye nsusuwii foforo ho kɛse bere a wɔde toto mmofra a wɔawo wɔn akyiri yi ho no. Bere a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ osuahu ne nhomasua mu de, sɛnea wɔatwe adwene asi nhwehwɛmu pii so wɔ nhoma no nyinaa mu no, wɔtaa kasa tia no sɛ ɛyɛ anuanom ne awo nhyehyɛe no nyinaa ho kyerɛwtohɔ a ɛyɛ animhwɛ na enni mũ. Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ ayɛsɛm nti, nhwehwɛmu ne nsusuwii ahorow a wɔde too gua wɔ ne nyinaa mu no, nhomanimfo afoforo ankasa atia na atipɛnfo ahwɛ mu ansa na wɔreyi no adi.[35]Nwoma mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛhwehwɛ nhwehwɛmu pii mu na wɔabɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛhwɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw so no taa hu nkɛntɛnso kakraa bi wɔ awo ho nhyehyɛe a ɛfa nipasu ho.[36][37] Wɔ ne nyansahu nhoma ahorow mu nhwehwɛmu mu no, Judith Rich Harris kyerɛ sɛ ebia awo nhyehyɛe mu nsunsuanso wɔ abusua a wofi mu no mu, nanso ɛnyɛ nipasu afã horow a ɛtra hɔ daa.[38] Wɔ nneyɛe mu no, awo nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no nhyehyɛe mu no yɛ asɛnnennen efisɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi so ama nneɛma a ɛsakra a akontaabu kyerɛ sɛ ɛne awo nhyehyɛe wɔ abusuabɔ no nyinaa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mpɛn pii no, mmusua akɛse no asetra ne sikasɛm tebea sua sen mmusua nketewa, enti ɛda adi sɛ mmofra a wɔwo wɔn a wɔwoo wɔn mprɛnsa no fi mmusua a wodi hia mu sen mmofra a wodi kan no. Mmofra ntam kwan a ɛda wɔn ntam, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ awofo, ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna yɛ nneɛma foforo a ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw ho. == Suban a ɛsan akyi bere a wɔawo no == Akokoaa foforo a ɔbɛba no yɛ adwennwene titiriw ma mmakan ne anuanom a wɔadi fi mfe 3 kosi 5. Suban a ɛsan n’akyi ne nneyɛe a ɛyɛ basabasa te sɛ akokoaa no a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so nso betumi aba. Wobu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nyinaa sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛtaa ba na ɛfata wɔ nkɔso mu ma mmofra a wɔadi fi mfe 3–5.[citation needed] Bere a wobetumi asiw ebinom ano no, wobetumi ama nea aka no atu mpɔn wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Ebia nneyɛe a ɛsan n’akyi no bi ne toa a wɔhwehwɛ, nsateaa a wɔnom, adesrɛ a wɔde bɛma sɛ wɔmfa mpaboa nhyɛ (sɛ wɔatete no wɔ tiafi mu mpo a), anaasɛ wɔbɛsrɛ sɛ wɔmfa ntama a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban nkɔ. Suban a ɛsan n’akyi yɛ ɔkwan a abofra no fa so hwehwɛ sɛ awofo no dɔ wɔn na wɔde wɔn adwene si so. Amerika Mmofra Ayaresabea Sukuu no kyerɛ[citation needed] sɛ sɛ́ anka awofo bɛkasa atia anaasɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ mmofra sɛ wɔnyɛ wɔn mfe ho ade no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn abisade ahorow no tom ara kwa a wɔrenhaw wɔn. Ɛrenkyɛ mmofra a asɛm no aka wɔn no bɛsan akɔ wɔn dwumadi a wɔtaa yɛ no so bere a wobehu sɛ mprempren wɔanya baabi a ɛho hia wɔ abusua no mu te sɛ onua foforo no ara pɛ no. Wobetumi ama nneyɛe no mu dodow no ara atu mpɔn wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Michigan Sukuupɔn Akwahosan Nhyehyɛe no tu fo[citation needed] sɛ nneyɛe a ɛsan akyi a ɛba no dodow no ara yɛ nea emu nyɛ den na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ kwan; nanso ɛkamfo kyerɛ awofo sɛ sɛ abofra a wanyin no bɔ mmɔden sɛ obepira akokoaa no, sɛ suban a ɛsan n’akyi no ankɔ yiye wɔ asram 2 anaa 3 ntam a, anaasɛ awofo no wɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm foforo a ɛhaw wɔn a, wɔnkɔ mmofra oduruyɛfo anaa mmofra adwene ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. == Akansi == "Anuanom akansi" yɛ akansi anaa nitan bi a ɛda anuanom mmarima ne mmea ntam. Ɛte sɛ nea emu yɛ den titiriw bere a mmofra bɛn wɔn mfe a wɔadi yiye anaasɛ wɔn bɔbeasu yɛ pɛ no.[39] Anuanom akansi betumi ayɛ basabasa; nanso, ɛnyɛ ade koro ne anuanom ayayade a abofra biako yɛ ɔfoforo ayayade no. Anuanom akansi taa fi ase bere a abofra a ɔto so abien no aba akyi pɛɛ, anaasɛ ansa na aba. Bere a anuanom bɛda so ara dɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho no, ɛnyɛ ade foforo sɛ wɔbɛkasakasa na wɔayɛ wɔn ho adwemmɔne.[40] Mmofra yɛ nkate fi bere a wɔadi afe 1 wɔ nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ awofo ayaresa mu ho na ebedu mfe 3 no wɔanya abusua mmara ho ntease a ɛkɔ akyiri na wotumi susuw wɔn ho wɔ wɔn nuanom ho.[1] Anuanom akansi taa kɔ so wɔ wɔn mmofraase nyinaa na ebetumi ayɛ abasamtu ne adwennwen kɛse ama awofo.[41] Nhwehwɛmu bi hui sɛ mfe a wɔadi mfe 10–15 no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ akansi a ɛkɔ soro sen biara wɔ anuanom ntam.[42] Anuanom akansi betumi akɔ so akodu mpanyin afe so na anuanom ntam abusuabɔ betumi asesa kɛse wɔ mfe no mu. Mpanyimfo bɛyɛ nkyem abiɛsa mu biako ka wɔne anuanom ntam abusuabɔ ho asɛm sɛ ɛyɛ akansi anaasɛ ɛwɔ akyirikyiri. Nanso, akansi taa so tew bere kɔ so na anyɛ yiye koraa no, anuanom a wɔadi boro mfe 60 no mu 80% nya abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den.[1] Abofra biara a ɔwɔ abusua bi mu si akan de kyerɛ nnipa ko a wɔyɛ sɛ nnipa na wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔatew wɔn ho afi wɔn nuanom ho. Anuanom akansi kɔ soro bere a mmofra te nka sɛ wɔrenya wɔn awofo adwene a ɛnsɛ, baabi a adwennwen wɔ awofo ne mmofra asetra mu, ne baabi a abusua no gye ntɔkwaw tom sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so siesie ntawntawdi ahorow no. Sigmund Freud hunuu anuanom abusuabɔ no sɛ ɛyɛ Oedipus complex no ntrɛwmu, faako a na anuanom resi akan wɔ wɔn maame adwene ho na anuanom mmea de wɔn papa de wɔn adwene si wɔn so.[43] Adannandie adwene ho animdefo kyerɛkyerɛ anuanom akansi mu wɔ awofo sika a wɔde hyɛ mu ne abusuafo a wɔpaw wɔn ho: ɔwofo pɛ sɛ ɔtrɛw nneɛma mu pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ mmofra a wɔwɔ abusua no mu nyinaa mu, nanso abofra pɛ nneɛma dodow no ara ma n’ankasa. == Abusuabɔ == '''Ahoɔyaw''' Ahoɔyaw nyɛ nkate biako pɛ. Nkate atitiriw a wɔda no adi wɔ ahoɔyaw nkitahodi mu ne ehu, abufuw, ahotɔ, awerɛhow, ne dadwen.[44] Ahoɔyaw ba wɔ asetra mu ahinanan a ɛyɛ abusuabɔ ahorow a enhia onipa a ɔto so abiɛsa mu. Asetra mu afã abiɛsa no fa abusuabɔ a ɛda onipa a n’ani bere ne ɔwofo no ntam, abusuabɔ a ɛda ɔwofo ne nea ɔne no resi akan no ntam, ne abusuabɔ a ɛda onipa a n’ani bere ne nea ɔne no resi akan no ntam.[44] '''Awofo Foforo''' Abakan a wɔde wɔn ho bata wɔn awofo ho no ne wɔn ahoɔyaw suban no wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ. Wɔ nhwehwɛmu bi a Volling yɛe mu no, wogyinaa sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade wɔ ahoɔyaw ho wɔ anuanom a wɔyɛ nkokoaa foforo ne awofo nkitahodi ho mmuae ahorow a ɛsono emu biara no so huu mmofra akuw anan. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔahyɛ ho mmara Mmofra: Mmofra 60% na wɔhyɛ saa kuw yi mu.[44] Saa mmofra yi hwɛ wɔn awofo yiye sɛ wɔne wɔn nua a wɔawo no foforo no di nkitaho, wɔkɔ wɔn nkyɛn wɔ ɔkwan pa so na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nkitahodi no mu.[44] Wɔda suban ho haw kakraa bi adi wɔ asram a edi awo foforo akyi no mu na wɔnkyerɛ suban a ɔhaw wom wɔ ɔwofo ne akokoaa ntam nkitahodi no mu.[44] Wobu saa mmofra yi sɛ wɔwɔ ahobammɔ bere a wɔyɛ wɔn ade sɛnea wɔbɛhwɛ kwan sɛ abofra bi bɛyɛ ade wɔ ofie tebea a wonim no yiye mu a wɔn awofo wɔ hɔ sɛ nnyinaso a ahobammɔ wom a wɔde bɛhwehwɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu.[44]Mmofra a Wɔkwati Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Kwati: Mmofra 30% hwe ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu. [44] . Saa mmofra yi hwɛ awofo ne akokoaa ntam nkitahodi yiye na wɔntaa nkɔ akokoaa no ne ɔwofo no nkyɛn. Wɔn ho pere wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ tebea foforo no mu efisɛ wɔtaa hwehwɛ awerɛkyekye kakraa bi fi wɔn awofo hɔ.[44]Mmofra a Wɔbata Wɔn Ho: Mmofra 6% hwee ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu. Saa mmofra yi wɔ anigye kɛse wɔ ɔwofo ne nkokoaa nkitahodi ho ne ɔpɛ a emu yɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ bɛn ne ɔwofo no nkitahodi, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ ɔwofo ne abofra nkitahodi mu.[44]Mmofra a Wɔhaw: Mmofra 2.7% hwe ase wɔ saa kuw yi mu ] . Saa mmofra yi yɛ wɔn ade wɔ nkate fam na wɔyɛ basabasa. Ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wɔn nkate bɔne no so na ebia ɛda adi sɛ wɔde bɛto akyi sɛ nneyɛe bɔne a ɛfa abofra a wɔawo no foforo no ho.[44] '''Awofo nkɛntɛnso''' Mmofra ani bere nkitahodi a ɛda mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo ne wɔn maamenom ntam no sen sɛnea wɔne mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo ne wɔn agyanom te.[44] Eyi yɛ nea ntease wom efisɛ ɛde besi akokoaa no awo no, na abofra a odi kan no wɔ ɛna no sɛ nea ɔhwɛ no titiriw ma n’ankasa de. Nhwehwɛmu bi akyerɛ sɛ mmofra da ahoɔyaw a ɛnyɛ kɛse adi wɔ agya ne abofra a wɔawo no foforo ntam nkitahodi ho efisɛ agyanom taa twe nkate bɔne aso na wonnya abodwokyɛre kɛse te sɛ ɛnanom a wɔde wɔn ho bata ho ne ahoyeraw a wotumi hu no, ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛka eyi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so de. Mmofra a wɔwɔ awofo a wɔwɔ aware mu abusuabɔ pa no tumi hwɛ wɔn ahoɔyaw nkate horow no so yiye.[44] Mmofra taa da ahoɔyaw adi bere a wɔn awofo de wɔn adwene rekɔ onua no so sen bere a awofo no ne wɔn nkutoo na ɛredi nkitaho no bɔ abira.[44] Awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ aware mu nkitahodi pa mu no boa wɔn mma ma wogyina ahoɔyaw ano ma wotumi sesa wɔn ho. Wɔyɛ eyi denam ɔhaw ahorow ano aduru ne ntawntawdi ano aduru ho nhwɛso a wɔyɛ ma wɔn mma no so. Mmofra nso ntaa nnya ahoɔyaw nkate bere a wɔte ofie a abusua no mu biara kyɛ ɔdɔ ne anigye mu na ɔda no adi mu no.[44] '''Nsusuwii ahorow a ɛda adi pefee''' Nsusuwii ahorow a ɛda adi pefee a ɛfa abusuabɔ ho no ne akwan horow a mmofra fa so susuw akwan horow a wɔbɛfa so adi tebea foforo bi ho dwuma ho no wɔ abusuabɔ. Mmofra betumi ahwe ase akuw abien a ɛfa nsusuwii a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ nokware so ho. Ebia wɔyɛ nsusuwii hunufo a wotumi dannan wɔn ho na wogye di sɛ wobetumi aka nsakrae wɔ tebea horow ne nnipa so. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ foforo no, wobetumi ayɛ nsusuwiifo a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ, a wogye di sɛ tebea horow ne nnipa ntumi nsakra.[45] Saa gyidi ahorow a ɛda adi pefee yi na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔn ahoɔyaw nkate no mu yɛ den, ne bere tenten a saa ahoɔyaw nkate ahorow no bɛtra hɔ.[45]Malleable Theorists da suban ahorow a ɛkanyan adwene adi, te sɛ ɔwofo anaa onua a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma tebea no atu mpɔn. Wɔtaa nya ahoɔyaw nkate a emu yɛ den na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ efisɛ wɔde bere pii susuw tebea no ho na wɔkyekye akwan horow a wɔbɛfa so ama ayɛ yiye.[45]Fixed Theorists da nneyɛe a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu adi, sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔsan wɔn akyi kɔ wɔn dan mu esiane sɛ wogye di nti wɔn nneyɛe no mu biara rennya tebea no so nkɛntɛnso anaasɛ ɛbɛma atu mpɔn.[45] Wɔtaa nya ahoɔyaw nkate a emu yɛ den na ɛtra hɔ bere tiaa bi sen nsusuwiifo a wotumi dannan wɔn ho.[45] '''Mfe ahorow ahorow''' Mmofra a wɔanyinyin taa ani bere pii te sɛ wɔn nua kumaa no.[44] Eyi fi tumi a wotumi de adwene di asetra mu tebea no ho dwuma wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛma wonya nkate pa, tema kɛse ma wɔn nua kumaa no.[44] Mmofra a wɔanyinyin tumi gyina wɔn anibere nkate a wɔwɔ ma wɔn nua kumaa no ano yiye esiane abusuabɔ a ɛho hia a ɛda ɔwofo no ne ne nua kumaa ntam no ntease nti.[44] Mmofra a wɔanyinyin nso tumi hwɛ wɔn nkate so yiye na wɔmfa wɔn ho nto wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔn so kɛse wɔ abɔnten so mmara ho sɛnea ɛne wɔn nuanom nkumaa bɔ abira.[44] Anuanom nkumaa ahoɔyaw nkate no yɛ nea abufuw nkate di so.[44] Abusuabɔ a ɛda abofra kumaa ne abofra panyin no ntam no su nso yɛ ade a ɛma ahoɔyaw ba, efisɛ dodow a abusuabɔ no ye no dodow no ara na ahoɔyaw nkate ahorow no ankɔ so kɛse na nea ɛne no bɔ abira no.[44] '''Ntawntawdi''' Anuanom ntam ntawntawdi abu so na wɔtaa twe wɔn ho fi ho sɛ anuanom ahoɔden fã a wogye tom. Ɛmfa ho ntawntawdi ahorow pii a anuanom taa de wɔn ho hyɛ mu no, wobetumi akyekyɛ anuanom ntam ntawntawdi mu akuw abien a ɛtrɛw.[46] Ɔfã a edi kan no yɛ ntawntawdi a ɛfa pɛyɛ anaa atɛntrenee ho. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛ wubehu anuanom a wosusuw sɛ wɔn akyerɛkyerɛfo, wɔn atipɛnfo, anaa ne titiriw no wɔn awofo ani gye wɔn nua ho. Nokwarem no, ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛ wubehu anuanom a wɔn baanu nyinaa susuw sɛ wɔn awofo ani gye onua foforo no ho. Pɛyɛ a wosusuw sɛ ɛnyɛ pɛ wɔ nneɛma a wɔkyekyɛ mu te sɛ nea onyaa aduan a ɛyɛ dɛ kɛse no nso hyɛ saa ntawntawdi kuw yi mu. Ɛte sɛ nea saa ntawntawdi yi abu so kɛse wɔ onua kumaa no mu.[46] Ntawntawdi a ɛto so abien no fa abofra bi a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ n’ankasa tumi a wɔn nua no bɛtow ahyɛ ne so no ho. Saa ntawntawdi yi ho nhwɛso ne bere a abofra bi hyɛn ne nua no dan mu bere a wɔmma no akwaaba, anaasɛ bere a abofra bi twa kɔ ne nua no nkyɛn wɔ kar no mu wɔ ɔkwan tenten bi mu no. Ɛte sɛ nea saa ntɔkwaw ahorow yi ho hia kɛse ma anuanom a wɔn mfe akɔ anim esiane ahofadi ho akɔnnɔ kɛse a wɔwɔ nti.[46] '''Ɔhyew''' Anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew yɛ asɛmfua a wɔde kyerɛ ɔdɔ ne ayɔnkofa a anuanom wɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew no nya anuanom so nkɛntɛnso. Anuanom ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro no ne asetra mu nimdeɛ a eye ne asetra mu ahoɔden a wosusuw sɛ ɛkɔ soro no wɔ abusuabɔ. Wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ soro mpo mu sɛ anuanom mu ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro nso wɔ hɔ a ɛnde asetra mu nimdeɛ ne ahokokwaw kɔ so yɛ nea ennya nkɛntɛnso biara.[47] '''Nneɛma bɔne a efi ntawntawdi mu ba''' Asɛm a wɔka sɛ nkurɔfo "ko te sɛ anuanom" no kyerɛ sɛnea anuanom ntam ntawntawdi betumi ayɛ nea wɔde sobo abɔ wɔn ne sɛnea wogye anuanom ntawntawdi tom yiye. Ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobetumi agye saa akasakasa ahorow yi atom kɛse no, anuanom ntam ntawntawdi betumi anya anuanom baanu no so nkɛntɛnso ahorow pii. Wɔada no adi sɛ anuanom ntam ntawntawdi dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ne dadwen ne adwenemhaw a ɛkɔ soro wɔ anuanom mu no wɔ abusuabɔ, ne ne ho a ɛsom bo a ɛba fam ne nhomasua mu nimdeɛ a ɛba fam. Nea ɛka ho no, anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew nyɛ ade a ɛbɔ wɔn ho ban wɔ nkɛntɛnso bɔne a efi dadwen, adwenemhaw, ne ho a wonni ne nhomasua mu nimdeɛ a ɛba fam mu ba no ho. Wei kyerɛ sɛ anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew no ntumi nsiw saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi ano.[47] Anuanom ntam ntawntawdi nso ne nneyɛe a asiane wom kɛse a ɛkɔ soro no wɔ abusuabɔ a nea ɛka ho ne: sigaretnom, sukuu nna a wohuruw, polisifo a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho, ne nneyɛe afoforo a ɛwɔ Caucasian anuanom baanu mu gye mmakan a wɔwɔ anuanom nkumaa nkutoo. Gye sɛ onua panyin a ɔwɔ saa baanu yi mu no anuanom ntawntawdi ne suban a asiane wom wɔ abusuabɔ pa, enti anuanom ntawntawdi betumi ayɛ asiane a ɛde suban ho haw ahorow ba.[48] Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ nea na ɔko no asɛmti yɛ ho (ankorankoro tumidi a wɔtow hyɛ so anaasɛ pɛyɛ a enni hɔ) nso kyerɛ sɛ ebia ɔko no asɛmti no benya nea ebefi ntawntawdi no mu aba no so. Saa nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛe sɛ na anuanom ntam ntawntawdi wɔ ankorankoro tumidi ho no ne obu a ɛba fam a wobu wɔn ho no wɔ abusuabɔ, na ɛte sɛ nea anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛfa pɛyɛ a wosusuw sɛ enni hɔ ho no ne adwenemhaw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu no nso kyerɛe sɛ adwenemhaw ne dadwen ho sɛnkyerɛnne akɛse nso ne anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛtaa ba ne anuanom ntawntawdi a emu yɛ den kɛse no wɔ abusuabɔ.[46] '''Awofo kwan a wfa so di ntawntawdi ho''' Akwan a awofo fa so di wɔn mma ntawntawdi ho dwuma no bi ne awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu, awofo a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu ho akwan horow a wɔde wɔn adwene si mmofra so, ne nea ɛntaa mma sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ honam fam ntawntawdi ho nkuran wɔ anuanom ntam. Nea ɛka awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu no ho ne akwan horow a ɔwofo no bu n’ani gu anuanom no ntawntawdi so na ɔma wɔyɛ ho adwuma wɔ wɔn ntam a wonni akwankyerɛ a efi abɔnten. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔpaw saa kwan yi sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛkwati tebea horow a ɔwofo no si onua a ɔfata ho gyinae na ebia ɔbɛpɛ onua biako asen ɔfoforo no, nanso, ɛdenam saa kwan yi a wobedi akyi so no, ɔwofo no betumi de hokwan a ɔwɔ no abɔ afɔre de akyerɛkyerɛ wɔn mma sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ no di ntawntawdi ho dwuma. Nea ɛka awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a wɔde mmofra di dwuma no ho ne akwan horow a ɔwofo no fa so yɛ ntamgyinafo ma akyinnyegye a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmofra baanu no ntam na ɔboa wɔn ma wɔyɛ adwene biako. Sɛ awofo de saa kwan yi di dwuma a, ebia wɔbɛboa ma wɔayɛ sɛnea mmofra no betumi adi ntawntawdi ho dwuma daakye ho nhwɛso; nanso ɛsɛ sɛ awofo kwati sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ nea ebefi mu aba no akyerɛ mmofra no, na wɔhwɛ hu sɛ wɔn na wɔreyɛ ntamgyinafo a wɔde nyansahyɛ ahorow rema akyinnyegye no, na ama mmofra no atumi asi nea ebefi mu aba no ho gyinae. Ebia eyi ho hia titiriw bere a mmofra no binom wɔ autism no.[49] Awofo no betumi apaw akwan horow a awofo hyɛ nipadua mu basabasayɛ ho nkuran wɔ anuanom ntam no ho nkuran na aboa mmofra ma wɔadi basabasayɛ ho dwuma daakye, nanso, ɛte sɛ nea saa kwan yi nyɛ nea etu mpɔn efisɛ ɛne ntawntawdi kɛse a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmofra ntam no wɔ abusuabɔ. Awofo a wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ mu no nso ne anuanom ntam ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ soro, ne anuanom a wɔn ho yɛ hyew a ɛba fam no wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea awofo a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a egyina mmofra so no nya nkɛntɛnso pa wɔ anuanom ntam abusuabɔ so a ɛne anuanom ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro ne anuanom ntawntawdi a ɛba fam no wɔ abusuabɔ.[50] '''Nsunsuanso a ɛba bere tenten a ɛba bere a obi wɔ hɔ''' Nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ wɔ asetra mu nimdeɛ ne nipasu mu nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ mmofra nkutoo ne mmofra a wɔwɔ anuanom ntam no kyerɛ sɛ ne nyinaa mu no, onua bi a ɔwɔ hɔ no nnya abofra no so nkɛntɛnso biara sɛ ɔpanyin.[51] == Mmarima ne mmea dwumadi ahorow wɔ mmofra ne awofo mu == Nsonsonoe bi wɔ anuanom ntam bere nyinaa, titiriw anuanom a ɛsono wɔn bɔbeasu. Mpɛn pii no, anuanom a ɛsono wɔn bɔbeasu betumi abu nneɛma sɛ ɛnteɛ efisɛ wɔma wɔn nuabarima anaa nuabea kwan ma wɔyɛ nneɛma bi esiane wɔn bɔbeasu nti, bere a wonya kwan yɛ biribi a ɛnyɛ anigye pii anaasɛ ɛyɛ soronko ara kwa no. McHale ne ne yɔnko dwumayɛni yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri a wɔde mmofra a wɔadi mfe mfinimfini dii dwuma na wɔhwɛɛ ɔkwan a awofo no faa so boaa su horow a ɛyɛ katee wɔ wɔn mma mu no. Wɔ wɔn nhwehwɛmu no mu no, wɔn a wɔsɔɔ hwɛe no yɛɛ mmusua ahorow abien mu nhwehwɛmu, biako wɔ anuanom a wɔne wɔn ho da, na biako nso wɔ anuanom a ɛsono wɔn bɔbeasu, ne mmofra no awo nhyehyɛe nso.[52] Wɔde telefon so nsɛmbisa na ɛyɛɛ sɔhwɛ no, a na wɔn a wɔsɔ hwɛ no bebisa mmofra no dwumadi ahorow a wɔyɛe wɔ wɔn da mũ no nyinaa wɔ sukuu akyi no ho asɛm.[52] Wɔn a wɔsɔɔ hwɛe no hui sɛ wɔ afie a na mmofra a wɔyɛ mmarima ne mmea a wɔadi afra wɔ hɔ, na agya no kura atetesɛm gyinapɛn ahorow no mu no, mmofra no nso kura atetesɛm gyinapɛn ahorow na enti wɔsan nso di dwuma a egyina ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna so wɔ fie hɔ. Nea ɛne eyi bɔ abira no, wɔ afie a na agya no nni atetesɛm mu gyinapɛn ahorow mu no, na wɔkyekyɛ ofie nnwuma no mu pɛpɛɛpɛ kɛse wɔ ne mma no mu.[52] Nanso, sɛ agyanom wɔ mma mmarima baanu a, na ɔbarima kumaa no taa boa kɛse wɔ ofie nnwuma mu, nanso bere a oduu ne mmabunbere mu no abofra kumaa no gyaee sɛ ɔbɛboa saa wɔ ofie no mu. Nanso, nhomasua betumi ayɛ ade a ɛma obi adwene tu fra a ɛka agya no suban ne anuanom no nneyɛe nyinaa, na ɛna no suban no annya nkɛntɛnso a ɛda adi.[52] == Westermarck nkɛntɛnso == Nnipa ho ɔdenimfo Edvard Westermarck hui sɛ mmofra a wɔtete wɔn bom sɛ anuanom no nte nka sɛ wɔn ho wɔn ho bɛkɔ nna ho akɔnnɔ akyiri yi wɔ wɔn asetra mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi Westermarck Nkɛntɛnso. Wobetumi ahu wɔ mmusua a wɔwoo wɔn ne wɔn a wɔfa wɔn sɛ wɔn mma mu, nanso wɔ tebea afoforo a wɔtete mmofra wɔ nkitahodi a emu yɛ den mu nso mu, te sɛ Israel kibbutz nhyehyɛe ne Chinafo shim-pua aware.[53][54] m8s37h5arc21pizhuqw1juhhn10001y Okunafoɔ 0 13617 132609 132608 2022-07-28T16:25:08Z AC Krah 10338 /* Edin Ahodoɔ */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Okunani''' baa yɛ ɔbaa bi a ne kunu awu; okuani barima yɛ barima a ne yere awu. == Edin Ahodoɔ == Sɛ obi hokafoɔ wu a tebea a wɔkɔ mu no wɔfrɛ no "kunayɛ'.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/widowhood</ref>Tete din a wɔde frɛ okuani ne 'relict',<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/relict</ref> ne nkyerɛaseɛ tra ne "obi a wagyae no hɔ". Wobɛtumi ahunu saa edin yi bi wɔ nna so. Edin "Okuani baa" firi Indo-European a ɛkyerɛ "okunani baa" na awura Indo-European kasa mu. Wɔnyaa mmarima din "okunani barima " firii 14th century, wɔ 19th century mu na wɔde "okunani baa" gyinaa hɔ maa mmarima.<ref>widow', noun, ''Oxford English Dictionary'' 2nd edition</ref> Sɛ obi rekɔ wura kunayɛ mu a ɛyɛ nsakraeɛ a ɛde awerɛhoɔ brɛ okunani baa no ne okunani barima no. Saa tebea yi bɛtumi ama obi ayɛ mmɔbɔ na ama ayie no atwe akɔ akyire.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953621005116</ref> Kunayɛ bɛtumi agyina hɔ ama ɔbaa anaa barima, wɔ nwoma a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin bi mu,<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowhood</ref><ref>http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/widowhood?view=uk</ref> nanso wɔbobɔ din kunayɛ wɔ nwoma nsonoma ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin mu.<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowerhood</ref>Mpempii no wɔde edin "viduity" na ɛdi dwuma.<ref>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/viduity</ref> Edin nkyerɛkyerɛmu ma sɛ okunani bi yɛ ɔbaa anaa barima no yɛ "widowed".<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowed</ref> Wɔmmfa saa edin yi nni dwuma wɔ awaregyaeɛ mu sɛ obi ware foforɔ na ne hokafoɔ wu a.<ref>https://tucson.com/business/national-and-international/social-security-and-you-questions-about-widow-ex-spouse-benefits/article_8aadf436-9b2c-5666-883c-4bd07fdeb78e.html</ref> == Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛba wɔyɛn apomuden so == Obi hokafoɔ wu a nea ɛmma no ntena hɔ afebɔɔ no wɔfrɛ no kunayɛ nsunsuansoɔ. <ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00324728.2021.1892809</ref>"Ano yɛ den wɔ bosome mmiɛnsa a ɛdikan a ne hokafoɔ no awu no, sɛ wɔhunu sɛ wɔn wuo no bɛtumi ayɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduosia nsia". <ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-widowhood-effect-idUSBRE9AD0VU20131114</ref>Ɛhɔ na wentwiwentwi ba sɛ ɔbaa no anaa barima no ntumi ntena, na adesua nso ahwɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ mu, saa ara nso na afoforɔ susu sɛ yɛnni nsonsonoeɛ da wɔ ntam. <ref>Trivedi, J., Sareen, H., & Dhyani, M. (2009). Psychological Aspects of Widowhood and Divorce. Mens Sana Monogr Mens Sana Monographs, 7(1), 37. doi:10.4103/0973-1229.40648</ref>Berɛ wɔasusu ho sɛ sɛ nna nhyiamu ɛdi dwuma wɔ esu mu no, ɛsane ma yɛhunu sɛdeɛ obi abrabɔ sesa sɛ ne hokafoɔ wu a. Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda mu no gyina asodie a ɛda no so sɛ ɔbɛtumi ahwɛ ne ho, nnoɔma a ɔhwehwɛ ne sɛdeɛ wɔsi yɛ wɔ ne hokafoɔ no wuo akyi. Nhweɛsoɔ ne sɛ, mmaa na ɛkɔ saa tebea no mu kyɛn mmarima na wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔn hokafoɔ foforɔ nso bɛwu. <ref>http://go.galegroup.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA380342155</ref>Sɛ ɔdi kuna no wie a, mmarima ne mmaa no sesa wɔn suban. Mmaa no de wɔn kunu sɛ wɔwuu mpofirim a; mmarima nso de wɔn yerenom sɛ wɔwuu berɛ a yareɛ bi tenaa wɔn so kyɛɛ a. <ref name=":0">Wilcox, Sara; Evenson, Kelly R.; Aragaki, Aaron; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia; Mouton, Charles P.; Loevinger, Barbara Lee (2003). "The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative". ''Health Psychology''. '''22''' (5): 513–22. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.513. <nowiki>PMID 14570535</nowiki></ref>Bio, yɛahunu sɛ mmarima ne mmaa nyinaa wɔn suban ne wɔn nneyɔeɛ bi asesa berɛ wɔn hokafoɔ wui no akyire.Wɔn mmienu no brɛ ansana wahwɛ wɔn ho, ɛwɔm sɛ ɛbɛtumi asesa a ɛgyina nnipa su no so ne dwuma a na nea wawu no di wɔ wɔn abrabɔ mu. <ref name=":0" />Sɛ wɔdi awerɛhoɔ kyɛ a wɔnyini ntɛm. Wei de ɔhaw ba wɔn adwene ne wɔn nnipadua so.<ref>https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/142738/Nesse-Carr-House_Perf-JFI-2004.pdf?sequence=1</ref> Sɛdeɛ wɔsi su Russia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Greece, Italy and Spain, 6o9jpq9dtrsq6gxd939ir1212so1uwh 132610 132609 2022-07-28T16:42:26Z AC Krah 10338 /* Edin Ahodoɔ */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Okunani''' baa yɛ ɔbaa bi a ne kunu awu; okuani barima yɛ barima a ne yere awu. == Edin Ahodoɔ == Sɛ obi hokafoɔ wu a tebea a wɔkɔ mu no wɔfrɛ no "kunayɛ'.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/widowhood</ref>Tete din a wɔde frɛ okuani ne 'relict',<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/relict</ref> ne nkyerɛaseɛ tra ne "obi a wagyae no hɔ". Wobɛtumi ahunu saa edin yi bi wɔ nna so. Edin "Okuani baa" firi Indo-European a ɛkyerɛ "okunani baa" na awura Indo-European kasa mu. Wɔnyaa mmarima din "okunani barima " firii 14th century, wɔ 19th century mu na wɔde "okunani baa" gyinaa hɔ maa mmarima.<ref>widow', noun, ''Oxford English Dictionary'' 2nd edition</ref> Sɛ obi rekɔ wura kunayɛ mu a ɛyɛ nsakraeɛ a ɛde awerɛhoɔ brɛ okunani baa no ne okunani barima no. Saa tebea yi bɛtumi ama obi ayɛ mmɔbɔ na ama ayie no atwe akɔ akyire.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953621005116</ref> Kunayɛ bɛtumi agyina hɔ ama ɔbaa anaa barima, wɔ nwoma a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin bi mu,<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowhood</ref><ref>http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/widowhood?view=uk</ref> nanso wɔbobɔ din kunayɛ wɔ nwoma nsonoma ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin mu.<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowerhood</ref>Mpempii no wɔde edin "viduity" na ɛdi dwuma.<ref>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/viduity</ref> Edin nkyerɛkyerɛmu ma sɛ okunani bi yɛ ɔbaa anaa barima no yɛ "widowed".<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowed</ref> Wɔmmfa saa edin yi nni dwuma wɔ awaregyaeɛ mu sɛ obi ware foforɔ na ne hokafoɔ wu a.<ref>https://tucson.com/business/national-and-international/social-security-and-you-questions-about-widow-ex-spouse-benefits/article_8aadf436-9b2c-5666-883c-4bd07fdeb78e.html</ref> == Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛba wɔyɛn apomuden so == Obi hokafoɔ wu a nea ɛmma no ntena hɔ afebɔɔ no wɔfrɛ no kunayɛ nsunsuansoɔ. <ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00324728.2021.1892809</ref>"Ano yɛ den wɔ bosome mmiɛnsa a ɛdikan a ne hokafoɔ no awu no, sɛ wɔhunu sɛ wɔn wuo no bɛtumi ayɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduosia nsia". <ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-widowhood-effect-idUSBRE9AD0VU20131114</ref>Ɛhɔ na wentwiwentwi ba sɛ ɔbaa no anaa barima no ntumi ntena, na adesua nso ahwɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ mu, saa ara nso na afoforɔ susu sɛ yɛnni nsonsonoeɛ da wɔ ntam. <ref>Trivedi, J., Sareen, H., & Dhyani, M. (2009). Psychological Aspects of Widowhood and Divorce. Mens Sana Monogr Mens Sana Monographs, 7(1), 37. doi:10.4103/0973-1229.40648</ref>Berɛ wɔasusu ho sɛ sɛ nna nhyiamu ɛdi dwuma wɔ esu mu no, ɛsane ma yɛhunu sɛdeɛ obi abrabɔ sesa sɛ ne hokafoɔ wu a. Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda mu no gyina asodie a ɛda no so sɛ ɔbɛtumi ahwɛ ne ho, nnoɔma a ɔhwehwɛ ne sɛdeɛ wɔsi yɛ wɔ ne hokafoɔ no wuo akyi. Nhweɛsoɔ ne sɛ, mmaa na ɛkɔ saa tebea no mu kyɛn mmarima na wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔn hokafoɔ foforɔ nso bɛwu. <ref>http://go.galegroup.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA380342155</ref>Sɛ ɔdi kuna no wie a, mmarima ne mmaa no sesa wɔn suban. Mmaa no de wɔn kunu sɛ wɔwuu mpofirim a; mmarima nso de wɔn yerenom sɛ wɔwuu berɛ a yareɛ bi tenaa wɔn so kyɛɛ a. <ref name=":0">Wilcox, Sara; Evenson, Kelly R.; Aragaki, Aaron; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia; Mouton, Charles P.; Loevinger, Barbara Lee (2003). "The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative". ''Health Psychology''. '''22''' (5): 513–22. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.513. <nowiki>PMID 14570535</nowiki></ref>Bio, yɛahunu sɛ mmarima ne mmaa nyinaa wɔn suban ne wɔn nneyɔeɛ bi asesa berɛ wɔn hokafoɔ wui no akyire.Wɔn mmienu no brɛ ansana wahwɛ wɔn ho, ɛwɔm sɛ ɛbɛtumi asesa a ɛgyina nnipa su no so ne dwuma a na nea wawu no di wɔ wɔn abrabɔ mu. <ref name=":0" />Sɛ wɔdi awerɛhoɔ kyɛ a wɔnyini ntɛm. Wei de ɔhaw ba wɔn adwene ne wɔn nnipadua so.<ref>https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/142738/Nesse-Carr-House_Perf-JFI-2004.pdf?sequence=1</ref> Sɛdeɛ wɔsi di kuna 14v5qh6hptc3z5xzdspsoiw072qrw33 132611 132610 2022-07-28T16:45:40Z AC Krah 10338 /* Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛba wɔyɛn apomuden so */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Okunani''' baa yɛ ɔbaa bi a ne kunu awu; okuani barima yɛ barima a ne yere awu. == Edin Ahodoɔ == Sɛ obi hokafoɔ wu a tebea a wɔkɔ mu no wɔfrɛ no "kunayɛ'.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/widowhood</ref>Tete din a wɔde frɛ okuani ne 'relict',<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/relict</ref> ne nkyerɛaseɛ tra ne "obi a wagyae no hɔ". Wobɛtumi ahunu saa edin yi bi wɔ nna so. Edin "Okuani baa" firi Indo-European a ɛkyerɛ "okunani baa" na awura Indo-European kasa mu. Wɔnyaa mmarima din "okunani barima " firii 14th century, wɔ 19th century mu na wɔde "okunani baa" gyinaa hɔ maa mmarima.<ref>widow', noun, ''Oxford English Dictionary'' 2nd edition</ref> Sɛ obi rekɔ wura kunayɛ mu a ɛyɛ nsakraeɛ a ɛde awerɛhoɔ brɛ okunani baa no ne okunani barima no. Saa tebea yi bɛtumi ama obi ayɛ mmɔbɔ na ama ayie no atwe akɔ akyire.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953621005116</ref> Kunayɛ bɛtumi agyina hɔ ama ɔbaa anaa barima, wɔ nwoma a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin bi mu,<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowhood</ref><ref>http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/widowhood?view=uk</ref> nanso wɔbobɔ din kunayɛ wɔ nwoma nsonoma ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin mu.<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowerhood</ref>Mpempii no wɔde edin "viduity" na ɛdi dwuma.<ref>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/viduity</ref> Edin nkyerɛkyerɛmu ma sɛ okunani bi yɛ ɔbaa anaa barima no yɛ "widowed".<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowed</ref> Wɔmmfa saa edin yi nni dwuma wɔ awaregyaeɛ mu sɛ obi ware foforɔ na ne hokafoɔ wu a.<ref>https://tucson.com/business/national-and-international/social-security-and-you-questions-about-widow-ex-spouse-benefits/article_8aadf436-9b2c-5666-883c-4bd07fdeb78e.html</ref> == Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛba wɔyɛn apomuden so == Obi hokafoɔ wu a nea ɛmma no ntena hɔ afebɔɔ no wɔfrɛ no kunayɛ nsunsuansoɔ. <ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00324728.2021.1892809</ref>"Ano yɛ den wɔ bosome mmiɛnsa a ɛdikan a ne hokafoɔ no awu no, sɛ wɔhunu sɛ wɔn wuo no bɛtumi ayɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduosia nsia". <ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-widowhood-effect-idUSBRE9AD0VU20131114</ref>Ɛhɔ na wentwiwentwi ba sɛ ɔbaa no anaa barima no ntumi ntena, na adesua nso ahwɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ mu, saa ara nso na afoforɔ susu sɛ yɛnni nsonsonoeɛ da wɔ ntam. <ref>Trivedi, J., Sareen, H., & Dhyani, M. (2009). Psychological Aspects of Widowhood and Divorce. Mens Sana Monogr Mens Sana Monographs, 7(1), 37. doi:10.4103/0973-1229.40648</ref>Berɛ wɔasusu ho sɛ sɛ nna nhyiamu ɛdi dwuma wɔ esu mu no, ɛsane ma yɛhunu sɛdeɛ obi abrabɔ sesa sɛ ne hokafoɔ wu a. Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda mu no gyina asodie a ɛda no so sɛ ɔbɛtumi ahwɛ ne ho, nnoɔma a ɔhwehwɛ ne sɛdeɛ wɔsi yɛ wɔ ne hokafoɔ no wuo akyi. Nhweɛsoɔ ne sɛ, mmaa na ɛkɔ saa tebea no mu kyɛn mmarima na wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔn hokafoɔ foforɔ nso bɛwu. <ref>http://go.galegroup.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA380342155</ref>Sɛ ɔdi kuna no wie a, mmarima ne mmaa no sesa wɔn suban. Mmaa no de wɔn kunu sɛ wɔwuu mpofirim a; mmarima nso de wɔn yerenom sɛ wɔwuu berɛ a yareɛ bi tenaa wɔn so kyɛɛ a. <ref name=":0">Wilcox, Sara; Evenson, Kelly R.; Aragaki, Aaron; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia; Mouton, Charles P.; Loevinger, Barbara Lee (2003). "The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative". ''Health Psychology''. '''22''' (5): 513–22. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.513. <nowiki>PMID 14570535</nowiki></ref>Bio, yɛahunu sɛ mmarima ne mmaa nyinaa wɔn suban ne wɔn nneyɔeɛ bi asesa berɛ wɔn hokafoɔ wui no akyire.Wɔn mmienu no brɛ ansana wahwɛ wɔn ho, ɛwɔm sɛ ɛbɛtumi asesa a ɛgyina nnipa su no so ne dwuma a na nea wawu no di wɔ wɔn abrabɔ mu. <ref name=":0" />Sɛ wɔdi awerɛhoɔ kyɛ a wɔnyini ntɛm. Wei de ɔhaw ba wɔn adwene ne wɔn nnipadua so.<ref>https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/142738/Nesse-Carr-House_Perf-JFI-2004.pdf?sequence=1</ref> Sɛdeɛ wɔsi di kuna Wɔ Europe fa baabi te sɛ Russia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Greece, Italy ne Spain, no, akunafoɔ mmaa hyɛ ataade tuntum afebɔɔ dekyerɛ sɛ wɔredi kuna, adeɛ a wɔyɛ a atwam. Akristofoɔ nsɔre bi wagye atom wɔ United States hyɛ ataade tuntum de kyerɛ sɛ wɔredi kuna ne ahofama ma ne kunu noa wawu no.Wɔ Hindi widow's Remarriage Act, 1856 wɔ India no, akunafoɔ gyinaberɛ ma indiafoɔ yɛ honam ahyɛnsodeɛ.<ref>Olson, Carl. ''The Many Colors of Hinduism''. Rutgers University Press. p. 269.</ref>Wɔyi kunani baa no ti, wɔmfa ade kɔkɔɔ bira nyɛ ne mɔma so na wɔtaa no sɛ ɛneɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ agudeɛ na wɔma no de ne nan saa nante fam. Saa amammerɛ yi yɛ adeɛ a ayera na atwam. <ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-dec-10-adfg-widows10-story.html</ref>Wɔ South Asia fa baabi no, na wɔka sɛ mmaa na ɛma wɔn kununom wu na wɔmma no hwɛ obiara ɛfiri sɛ wɔsusu sɛ sɛ wohwɛ obi a ɛde nomee baba ɔnikorɔ so.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=yRWDDwAAQBAJ</ref> <ref name=":1">https://www.pri.org/stories/2018-10-23/these-kenyan-widows-are-fighting-against-sexual-cleansing</ref>Alatfoɔ bi nso ma kunani baa nom nsuo a wɔboro ne kunu a w'awu wɔ mu no, anaasɛ ɔbɛda ne kunu no ahunu no nkyɛn bɛyɛ nnansa. <ref name=":1" />Wɔ chiloé a ɛwɔ Southern Chile anansesɛm mu no, okunani ne ɔkra tuntum yɛ adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ara sɛ wɔrekɔ ha ama carbunclo.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_Quintana</ref> 0hrwr3azl45owzwgjonw7hox2g4pk8p 132612 132611 2022-07-28T16:46:11Z AC Krah 10338 /* Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛba wɔyɛn apomuden so */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Okunani''' baa yɛ ɔbaa bi a ne kunu awu; okuani barima yɛ barima a ne yere awu. == Edin Ahodoɔ == Sɛ obi hokafoɔ wu a tebea a wɔkɔ mu no wɔfrɛ no "kunayɛ'.<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/widowhood</ref>Tete din a wɔde frɛ okuani ne 'relict',<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/relict</ref> ne nkyerɛaseɛ tra ne "obi a wagyae no hɔ". Wobɛtumi ahunu saa edin yi bi wɔ nna so. Edin "Okuani baa" firi Indo-European a ɛkyerɛ "okunani baa" na awura Indo-European kasa mu. Wɔnyaa mmarima din "okunani barima " firii 14th century, wɔ 19th century mu na wɔde "okunani baa" gyinaa hɔ maa mmarima.<ref>widow', noun, ''Oxford English Dictionary'' 2nd edition</ref> Sɛ obi rekɔ wura kunayɛ mu a ɛyɛ nsakraeɛ a ɛde awerɛhoɔ brɛ okunani baa no ne okunani barima no. Saa tebea yi bɛtumi ama obi ayɛ mmɔbɔ na ama ayie no atwe akɔ akyire.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953621005116</ref> Kunayɛ bɛtumi agyina hɔ ama ɔbaa anaa barima, wɔ nwoma a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin bi mu,<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowhood</ref><ref>http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/widowhood?view=uk</ref> nanso wɔbobɔ din kunayɛ wɔ nwoma nsonoma ɛkyerɛkyerɛ edin mu.<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowerhood</ref>Mpempii no wɔde edin "viduity" na ɛdi dwuma.<ref>https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/viduity</ref> Edin nkyerɛkyerɛmu ma sɛ okunani bi yɛ ɔbaa anaa barima no yɛ "widowed".<ref>http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/widowed</ref> Wɔmmfa saa edin yi nni dwuma wɔ awaregyaeɛ mu sɛ obi ware foforɔ na ne hokafoɔ wu a.<ref>https://tucson.com/business/national-and-international/social-security-and-you-questions-about-widow-ex-spouse-benefits/article_8aadf436-9b2c-5666-883c-4bd07fdeb78e.html</ref> == Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛba wɔyɛn apomuden so == Obi hokafoɔ wu a nea ɛmma no ntena hɔ afebɔɔ no wɔfrɛ no kunayɛ nsunsuansoɔ. <ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00324728.2021.1892809</ref>"Ano yɛ den wɔ bosome mmiɛnsa a ɛdikan a ne hokafoɔ no awu no, sɛ wɔhunu sɛ wɔn wuo no bɛtumi ayɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduosia nsia". <ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-widowhood-effect-idUSBRE9AD0VU20131114</ref>Ɛhɔ na wentwiwentwi ba sɛ ɔbaa no anaa barima no ntumi ntena, na adesua nso ahwɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ mu, saa ara nso na afoforɔ susu sɛ yɛnni nsonsonoeɛ da wɔ ntam. <ref>Trivedi, J., Sareen, H., & Dhyani, M. (2009). Psychological Aspects of Widowhood and Divorce. Mens Sana Monogr Mens Sana Monographs, 7(1), 37. doi:10.4103/0973-1229.40648</ref>Berɛ wɔasusu ho sɛ sɛ nna nhyiamu ɛdi dwuma wɔ esu mu no, ɛsane ma yɛhunu sɛdeɛ obi abrabɔ sesa sɛ ne hokafoɔ wu a. Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda mu no gyina asodie a ɛda no so sɛ ɔbɛtumi ahwɛ ne ho, nnoɔma a ɔhwehwɛ ne sɛdeɛ wɔsi yɛ wɔ ne hokafoɔ no wuo akyi. Nhweɛsoɔ ne sɛ, mmaa na ɛkɔ saa tebea no mu kyɛn mmarima na wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔn hokafoɔ foforɔ nso bɛwu. <ref>http://go.galegroup.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA380342155</ref>Sɛ ɔdi kuna no wie a, mmarima ne mmaa no sesa wɔn suban. Mmaa no de wɔn kunu sɛ wɔwuu mpofirim a; mmarima nso de wɔn yerenom sɛ wɔwuu berɛ a yareɛ bi tenaa wɔn so kyɛɛ a. <ref name=":0">Wilcox, Sara; Evenson, Kelly R.; Aragaki, Aaron; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia; Mouton, Charles P.; Loevinger, Barbara Lee (2003). "The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative". ''Health Psychology''. '''22''' (5): 513–22. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.513. <nowiki>PMID 14570535</nowiki></ref>Bio, yɛahunu sɛ mmarima ne mmaa nyinaa wɔn suban ne wɔn nneyɔeɛ bi asesa berɛ wɔn hokafoɔ wui no akyire.Wɔn mmienu no brɛ ansana wahwɛ wɔn ho, ɛwɔm sɛ ɛbɛtumi asesa a ɛgyina nnipa su no so ne dwuma a na nea wawu no di wɔ wɔn abrabɔ mu. <ref name=":0" />Sɛ wɔdi awerɛhoɔ kyɛ a wɔnyini ntɛm. Wei de ɔhaw ba wɔn adwene ne wɔn nnipadua so.<ref>https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/142738/Nesse-Carr-House_Perf-JFI-2004.pdf?sequence=1</ref> == Sɛdeɛ wɔsi di kuna == Wɔ Europe fa baabi te sɛ Russia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Greece, Italy ne Spain, no, akunafoɔ mmaa hyɛ ataade tuntum afebɔɔ dekyerɛ sɛ wɔredi kuna, adeɛ a wɔyɛ a atwam. Akristofoɔ nsɔre bi wagye atom wɔ United States hyɛ ataade tuntum de kyerɛ sɛ wɔredi kuna ne ahofama ma ne kunu noa wawu no.Wɔ Hindi widow's Remarriage Act, 1856 wɔ India no, akunafoɔ gyinaberɛ ma indiafoɔ yɛ honam ahyɛnsodeɛ.<ref>Olson, Carl. ''The Many Colors of Hinduism''. Rutgers University Press. p. 269.</ref>Wɔyi kunani baa no ti, wɔmfa ade kɔkɔɔ bira nyɛ ne mɔma so na wɔtaa no sɛ ɛneɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ agudeɛ na wɔma no de ne nan saa nante fam. Saa amammerɛ yi yɛ adeɛ a ayera na atwam. <ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-dec-10-adfg-widows10-story.html</ref>Wɔ South Asia fa baabi no, na wɔka sɛ mmaa na ɛma wɔn kununom wu na wɔmma no hwɛ obiara ɛfiri sɛ wɔsusu sɛ sɛ wohwɛ obi a ɛde nomee baba ɔnikorɔ so.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=yRWDDwAAQBAJ</ref> <ref name=":1">https://www.pri.org/stories/2018-10-23/these-kenyan-widows-are-fighting-against-sexual-cleansing</ref>Alatfoɔ bi nso ma kunani baa nom nsuo a wɔboro ne kunu a w'awu wɔ mu no, anaasɛ ɔbɛda ne kunu no ahunu no nkyɛn bɛyɛ nnansa. <ref name=":1" />Wɔ chiloé a ɛwɔ Southern Chile anansesɛm mu no, okunani ne ɔkra tuntum yɛ adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ara sɛ wɔrekɔ ha ama carbunclo.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_Quintana</ref> == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == rd4km48eqq8x95a7gvspohfubvk46z0 Ɔbabɛrima 0 13618 132614 2022-07-28T17:11:22Z AC Krah 10338 Created page with "Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues" wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues bx2mr685d05k61pgjr7fyxlv07pgi4s 132635 132614 2022-07-28T18:00:46Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo ne aman a wɔyɛ nsaase dwuma no, nea ɛsombo ma wɔn paa yɛ ɔbarima kyɛn ɔbabaa, wɔma mmarima anidie wɔ wɔn mpɔtam, ɛfiri sɛ mmarima apomuden yɛ den na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ kuadwuma yie. Wɔ China, akwadaa baako nhyehyɛeɛ dii dwuma kɔpem mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du num sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa bɛdɔɔ so. jan3y32pqmsortiz5b77ixarsvtvxoi 132656 132635 2022-07-28T19:26:05Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo ne aman a wɔyɛ nsaase dwuma no, nea ɛsombo ma wɔn paa yɛ ɔbarima kyɛn ɔbabaa, wɔma mmarima anidie wɔ wɔn mpɔtam, ɛfiri sɛ mmarima apomuden yɛ den na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ kuadwuma yie. Wɔ China, akwadaa baako nhyehyɛeɛ dii dwuma kɔpem mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du num sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa bɛdɔɔ so. Ɛfiri berɛ a wɔde saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi kɔɔ mmara mu no, mmɔfra dodoɔ a wɔkan no ma wawo no ma mmarima no kɔ soro. Wɔgyinaa nnoɔma pii so na wɔhyɛɛ saa, ebi ne kwan bɔne a wɔfa so yi mmɔfra guo ne mmaa a wɔawo wɔn ama wɔn adɔɔso. Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔdi agya adeɛ no, babarima nya agyapadeɛ gya ɔbaa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=hmjO2VqMNIMC&pg=PA195</ref> Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu nso, ba panin a ɔyɛ barima no wɔ akwanya soronko. Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, yɛhwɛ twerɛsɛm mu a, babarima a ɔdikan a yɛwoo no no nyaa nnoɔma pii firi n'agya hɔ. Japanfoɔ nnoɔma bi a wɔde wɔn ba panin gye mu no bi ne: "ɛne sɛ awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ ɔyɛ babarima a" ne Awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ mpo ɔnyɛ babarima a".<ref>http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/emplibrary/horiokan004.pdf</ref> Akristofoɔ Ahyɛnsodeɛ Wɔ akristofoɔ mu no, "babarima " anaasɛ onyankopɔn ba no ne Yesu Kristo.  Akristofoɔ a wɔgye nyame baasa koro di no hunu Yesu sɛ nnipa ɔtɔ so mmienu wɔ Onyankopɔn afam a wɔfrɛ no Onyankopɔn ba. Wɔ asɛmpa no mu, ɛtɔ da a Yesu frɛ ne ho onipa ba. Nea saa edin no kyerɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ pii mu no, abusua din bi kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba a", a ɛkyerɛ nananom-ie., sɛ abusuamu no nyinaa firi nananom hɔ. Ɛtumi sesa firi mfitiaseɛ anaasɛ abusua din noa wɔatwa mu no. jrbywx2orp36y4peawt0g8n7q45fkgi 132658 132656 2022-07-28T19:33:59Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo ne aman a wɔyɛ nsaase dwuma no, nea ɛsombo ma wɔn paa yɛ ɔbarima kyɛn ɔbabaa, wɔma mmarima anidie wɔ wɔn mpɔtam, ɛfiri sɛ mmarima apomuden yɛ den na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ kuadwuma yie. Wɔ China, akwadaa baako nhyehyɛeɛ dii dwuma kɔpem mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du num sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa bɛdɔɔ so. Ɛfiri berɛ a wɔde saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi kɔɔ mmara mu no, mmɔfra dodoɔ a wɔkan no ma wawo no ma mmarima no kɔ soro. Wɔgyinaa nnoɔma pii so na wɔhyɛɛ saa, ebi ne kwan bɔne a wɔfa so yi mmɔfra guo ne mmaa a wɔawo wɔn ama wɔn adɔɔso. Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔdi agya adeɛ no, babarima nya agyapadeɛ gya ɔbaa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=hmjO2VqMNIMC&pg=PA195</ref> Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu nso, ba panin a ɔyɛ barima no wɔ akwanya soronko. Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, yɛhwɛ twerɛsɛm mu a, babarima a ɔdikan a yɛwoo no no nyaa nnoɔma pii firi n'agya hɔ. Japanfoɔ nnoɔma bi a wɔde wɔn ba panin gye mu no bi ne: "ɛne sɛ awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ ɔyɛ babarima a" ne Awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ mpo ɔnyɛ babarima a".<ref>http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/emplibrary/horiokan004.pdf</ref> Akristofoɔ Ahyɛnsodeɛ Wɔ akristofoɔ mu no, "babarima " anaasɛ onyankopɔn ba no ne Yesu Kristo.  Akristofoɔ a wɔgye nyame baasa koro di no hunu Yesu sɛ nnipa ɔtɔ so mmienu wɔ Onyankopɔn afam a wɔfrɛ no Onyankopɔn ba. Wɔ asɛmpa no mu, ɛtɔ da a Yesu frɛ ne ho onipa ba. Nea saa edin no kyerɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ pii mu no, abusua din bi kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba a", a ɛkyerɛ nananom-ie., sɛ abusuamu no nyinaa firi nananom hɔ. Ɛtumi sesa firi mfitiaseɛ anaasɛ abusua din noa wɔatwa mu no. ; Arabic * '''''bin''''' or '''''ibn'''''. Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ibn Sina" ("Sina ba"), "Ibn Khaldun" ("son of Khaldun"). ; Berber * '''''U''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ou'''''). Nhweɛsoɔ: "Usadden" ("son of Sadden"), "Uâli" ("son of Âli"). * '''''Ayt''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ait''''' anaasɛ '''''aït'''''). Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ayt Buyafar" ("sons of Buyafar"), "Ayt Mellul" ("sons of Mellul"). * '''''n Ayt''''' (also spelled '''''nait''''' or '''''naït'''''). Examples: "n Ayt Ndir" ("son of the Ndir tribe/family"), "Naït Zerrad" ("son of the Zerrad tribe or family"). ; Danish * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Henriksen" ("son of Henrik"), "Jensen" ("son of Jens"), "Andersen" ("son of Anders"). ; Dutch * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Jansen" ("son of Jan"), "Petersen" ("son of Peter"), "Pietersen" ("son of Pieter") * '''''Zoon'''''. Examples: "Janszoon" ("son of Jan"), "Peterszoon" ("son of Peter"), "Pieterszoon" ("son of Pieter") ; English * '''''s'''''. Examples: "Edwards" ("son of Edward"), "Williams" ("son of William"), "Jeffreys" ("son of Jeffrey") * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Jefferson" ("son of Jeffery"), "Wilson" ("son of William"), "Edson" ("son of Edward"), "Anderson" ("son of Ander"). ; French * '''''es'''''. Example: "Fernandes" ("son of Fernand"). * '''''ot'''''. Example: "Pierrot" ("son of Pierre"). * '''''de''''' or '''''d'<nowiki/>'''.'' Example: "Danton" ("son of Anton"). ; Hebrew * '''''ben''''' or '''''bin''''' before 1300 BC. Example: "Benjamin" ("son of a right-hand man"). Also, the Hebrew word for "person" is ''ben Adam'', meaning "son of Adam". ; Hindi * '''''beta'''''. Example: "Mera beta Tim" ("my son Tim"). * '''''बेटा'''''. Example "मेरा बेटा टिम" ("my son Tim"). ; Hungarian * '''''-fi''''' or '''''-ffy'''''. Examples: "Petőfi" ("son of Pető"), "Sándorfi" ("son of Sándor"), "Péterffy" ("son of Péter") (archaic spelling, indicates aristocratic origins). ; Irish * '''''Mac''''' or '''''Mc'''''. Examples: "MacThomas" ("son of Thomas"), "McDonald" ("son of Donald"), "MacLean" ("son of Lean"). ; Italian * '''''di'''''. Examples: "di Stefano" ("son of Steven"), "di Giovanni" ("son of John"), "di Giuseppe" ("son of Joseph"). * '''''de'''''. Examples: "de Paolo" ("son of Paul"), "de Mauro" ("son of Maurus"), "de Giorgio" ("son of George"). * '''''d`'''''. Examples: "d'Antonio" ("son of Anthony"), "d'Adriano" ("son of Adrian"), "d'Agostino" ("son of Augustine"). * '''''-i''''', which comes from Latin ending for Genitive. Examples: "Paoli" ("son of Paolo"), "Richetti" ("son of Richetto, a short name for Enrico"). ; Norwegian * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Magnusson" ("son of Magnus"); "Sigurdson" ("son of Sigurd"), "Odinson" ("son of Odin"). ; Persian * '''''pur/pour'''''. Example: "Mahdipur" ("son of Mahdi"). * '''''zadeh'''''. Example: "Muhammadzadeh" ("son/daughter of Muhammad"). ; Tagalog * '''''Anak''''' Example: ''mga Anak ni Pedro'' (son and daughter of Pedro) ; Tamil * '''''Magan'''''. Example: "En Magan Murugan" ("my son Murugan"). * '''''மகன்'''''. Example "என் மகன் முருகன்" ("my son Murugan"). ; Polish * '''''ski'''''. Examples: "Janowski" ("son of John"), "Piotrowski" ("son of Peter"), "Michalski" ("son of Michael"). ; Portuguese * '''''Es'''''. Examples: "Gonçalves" ("son of Gonçalo"), "Henriques" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernandes" ("son of Fernando"). ; Romanian * '''''a''''' as prefix (except for female names that start in a and probably for others that start in vowels) and '''''ei''''' as suffix. Example: "Amariei" ("son of Mary"), "Adomnitei" ("son of Domnita"), "Alenei" ("son of Elena/Leana"). * '''''escu''''' or sometimes '''''aşcu''''' comes from the Latin '''''-iscus''''' which means "belonging to the people". Examples: "Petrescu" ("Petre's son"), "Popescu" ("Popa's son" Popa meaning Priest), "Constantinescu" ("son of Constantin").. ; Russian * '''''ov''''' /ɒf/, '''''ovich''''' /əvɪtʃ/. Example: "Ivanov" ("son of Ivan"). * '''''ev''''' /ɛf/, '''''evich''''' /ɨvɪtʃ/. Example: "Dmitriev" ("son of Dmitri"). ; Spanish * '''''Ez'''''. Examples: "González" ("son of Gonzalo"), "Henríquez" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernández" ("son of Fernando"), Gómez ("son of Gome"), Sánchez ("son of Sancho"). ; Turkish * '''''oğlu'''''. Examples: "Elbeyioğlu" ("son of foreigner Bey"), "Ağaoğlu" ("son of Ağa"), "Yusufoğlu" ("son of Yusuf"). * '''''zade'''''. Examples: "Beyzade" (son of a Bey), "Aşıkpaşazade" ("son of Ashik Paşa), "Mehmedzade" (son of Mehmet). ; Ukrainian * '''''-enko''''' or '''''-ko''''', meaning simply "son of". Example: "Kovalenko" ("son of Koval") * '''''sky''''' . Examples: "Stanislavsky" ("son of Stanislav"), "Chaykovsky" ("son of Chayko"), "Petrovsky" ("son of Petro"). * '''''shyn'''''. Examples: "Petryshyn" ("son of Petro"), "Danylyshyn" ("son of Danylo"). * '''''chuk'''''. Example: "Ivanchuk" ("son of Ivan"). ; Welsh * '''''ap''''' or '''''ab'''''. Examples: "ap Rhys" ("son of Rhys", anglicized to "Price"), "ab Owain" ("son of Owen", anglicized to Bowen). == Semitic == a1fj59dnrvn0mo3t0gyythtapqzh23j 132659 132658 2022-07-28T19:49:22Z AC Krah 10338 /* Semitic */ wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo ne aman a wɔyɛ nsaase dwuma no, nea ɛsombo ma wɔn paa yɛ ɔbarima kyɛn ɔbabaa, wɔma mmarima anidie wɔ wɔn mpɔtam, ɛfiri sɛ mmarima apomuden yɛ den na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ kuadwuma yie. Wɔ China, akwadaa baako nhyehyɛeɛ dii dwuma kɔpem mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du num sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa bɛdɔɔ so. Ɛfiri berɛ a wɔde saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi kɔɔ mmara mu no, mmɔfra dodoɔ a wɔkan no ma wawo no ma mmarima no kɔ soro. Wɔgyinaa nnoɔma pii so na wɔhyɛɛ saa, ebi ne kwan bɔne a wɔfa so yi mmɔfra guo ne mmaa a wɔawo wɔn ama wɔn adɔɔso. Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔdi agya adeɛ no, babarima nya agyapadeɛ gya ɔbaa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=hmjO2VqMNIMC&pg=PA195</ref> Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu nso, ba panin a ɔyɛ barima no wɔ akwanya soronko. Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, yɛhwɛ twerɛsɛm mu a, babarima a ɔdikan a yɛwoo no no nyaa nnoɔma pii firi n'agya hɔ. Japanfoɔ nnoɔma bi a wɔde wɔn ba panin gye mu no bi ne: "ɛne sɛ awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ ɔyɛ babarima a" ne Awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ mpo ɔnyɛ babarima a".<ref>http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/emplibrary/horiokan004.pdf</ref> Akristofoɔ Ahyɛnsodeɛ Wɔ akristofoɔ mu no, "babarima " anaasɛ onyankopɔn ba no ne Yesu Kristo.  Akristofoɔ a wɔgye nyame baasa koro di no hunu Yesu sɛ nnipa ɔtɔ so mmienu wɔ Onyankopɔn afam a wɔfrɛ no Onyankopɔn ba. Wɔ asɛmpa no mu, ɛtɔ da a Yesu frɛ ne ho onipa ba. Nea saa edin no kyerɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ pii mu no, abusua din bi kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba a", a ɛkyerɛ nananom-ie., sɛ abusuamu no nyinaa firi nananom hɔ. Ɛtumi sesa firi mfitiaseɛ anaasɛ abusua din noa wɔatwa mu no. ; Arabic * '''''bin''''' or '''''ibn'''''. Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ibn Sina" ("Sina ba"), "Ibn Khaldun" ("son of Khaldun"). ; Berber * '''''U''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ou'''''). Nhweɛsoɔ: "Usadden" ("son of Sadden"), "Uâli" ("son of Âli"). * '''''Ayt''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ait''''' anaasɛ '''''aït'''''). Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ayt Buyafar" ("sons of Buyafar"), "Ayt Mellul" ("sons of Mellul"). * '''''n Ayt''''' (also spelled '''''nait''''' or '''''naït'''''). Examples: "n Ayt Ndir" ("son of the Ndir tribe/family"), "Naït Zerrad" ("son of the Zerrad tribe or family"). ; Danish * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Henriksen" ("son of Henrik"), "Jensen" ("son of Jens"), "Andersen" ("son of Anders"). ; Dutch * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Jansen" ("son of Jan"), "Petersen" ("son of Peter"), "Pietersen" ("son of Pieter") * '''''Zoon'''''. Examples: "Janszoon" ("son of Jan"), "Peterszoon" ("son of Peter"), "Pieterszoon" ("son of Pieter") ; English * '''''s'''''. Examples: "Edwards" ("son of Edward"), "Williams" ("son of William"), "Jeffreys" ("son of Jeffrey") * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Jefferson" ("son of Jeffery"), "Wilson" ("son of William"), "Edson" ("son of Edward"), "Anderson" ("son of Ander"). ; French * '''''es'''''. Example: "Fernandes" ("son of Fernand"). * '''''ot'''''. Example: "Pierrot" ("son of Pierre"). * '''''de''''' or '''''d'<nowiki/>'''.'' Example: "Danton" ("son of Anton"). ; Hebrew * '''''ben''''' or '''''bin''''' before 1300 BC. Example: "Benjamin" ("son of a right-hand man"). Also, the Hebrew word for "person" is ''ben Adam'', meaning "son of Adam". ; Hindi * '''''beta'''''. Example: "Mera beta Tim" ("my son Tim"). * '''''बेटा'''''. Example "मेरा बेटा टिम" ("my son Tim"). ; Hungarian * '''''-fi''''' or '''''-ffy'''''. Examples: "Petőfi" ("son of Pető"), "Sándorfi" ("son of Sándor"), "Péterffy" ("son of Péter") (archaic spelling, indicates aristocratic origins). ; Irish * '''''Mac''''' or '''''Mc'''''. Examples: "MacThomas" ("son of Thomas"), "McDonald" ("son of Donald"), "MacLean" ("son of Lean"). ; Italian * '''''di'''''. Examples: "di Stefano" ("son of Steven"), "di Giovanni" ("son of John"), "di Giuseppe" ("son of Joseph"). * '''''de'''''. Examples: "de Paolo" ("son of Paul"), "de Mauro" ("son of Maurus"), "de Giorgio" ("son of George"). * '''''d`'''''. Examples: "d'Antonio" ("son of Anthony"), "d'Adriano" ("son of Adrian"), "d'Agostino" ("son of Augustine"). * '''''-i''''', which comes from Latin ending for Genitive. Examples: "Paoli" ("son of Paolo"), "Richetti" ("son of Richetto, a short name for Enrico"). ; Norwegian * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Magnusson" ("son of Magnus"); "Sigurdson" ("son of Sigurd"), "Odinson" ("son of Odin"). ; Persian * '''''pur/pour'''''. Example: "Mahdipur" ("son of Mahdi"). * '''''zadeh'''''. Example: "Muhammadzadeh" ("son/daughter of Muhammad"). ; Tagalog * '''''Anak''''' Example: ''mga Anak ni Pedro'' (son and daughter of Pedro) ; Tamil * '''''Magan'''''. Example: "En Magan Murugan" ("my son Murugan"). * '''''மகன்'''''. Example "என் மகன் முருகன்" ("my son Murugan"). ; Polish * '''''ski'''''. Examples: "Janowski" ("son of John"), "Piotrowski" ("son of Peter"), "Michalski" ("son of Michael"). ; Portuguese * '''''Es'''''. Examples: "Gonçalves" ("son of Gonçalo"), "Henriques" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernandes" ("son of Fernando"). ; Romanian * '''''a''''' as prefix (except for female names that start in a and probably for others that start in vowels) and '''''ei''''' as suffix. Example: "Amariei" ("son of Mary"), "Adomnitei" ("son of Domnita"), "Alenei" ("son of Elena/Leana"). * '''''escu''''' or sometimes '''''aşcu''''' comes from the Latin '''''-iscus''''' which means "belonging to the people". Examples: "Petrescu" ("Petre's son"), "Popescu" ("Popa's son" Popa meaning Priest), "Constantinescu" ("son of Constantin").. ; Russian * '''''ov''''' /ɒf/, '''''ovich''''' /əvɪtʃ/. Example: "Ivanov" ("son of Ivan"). * '''''ev''''' /ɛf/, '''''evich''''' /ɨvɪtʃ/. Example: "Dmitriev" ("son of Dmitri"). ; Spanish * '''''Ez'''''. Examples: "González" ("son of Gonzalo"), "Henríquez" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernández" ("son of Fernando"), Gómez ("son of Gome"), Sánchez ("son of Sancho"). ; Turkish * '''''oğlu'''''. Examples: "Elbeyioğlu" ("son of foreigner Bey"), "Ağaoğlu" ("son of Ağa"), "Yusufoğlu" ("son of Yusuf"). * '''''zade'''''. Examples: "Beyzade" (son of a Bey), "Aşıkpaşazade" ("son of Ashik Paşa), "Mehmedzade" (son of Mehmet). ; Ukrainian * '''''-enko''''' or '''''-ko''''', meaning simply "son of". Example: "Kovalenko" ("son of Koval") * '''''sky''''' . Examples: "Stanislavsky" ("son of Stanislav"), "Chaykovsky" ("son of Chayko"), "Petrovsky" ("son of Petro"). * '''''shyn'''''. Examples: "Petryshyn" ("son of Petro"), "Danylyshyn" ("son of Danylo"). * '''''chuk'''''. Example: "Ivanchuk" ("son of Ivan"). ; Welsh * '''''ap''''' or '''''ab'''''. Examples: "ap Rhys" ("son of Rhys", anglicized to "Price"), "ab Owain" ("son of Owen", anglicized to Bowen). Semitic<references /> mx4ve303susqrwl8gw6fyq5jwdslgwo 132660 132659 2022-07-28T19:50:20Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. Social issues Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo ne aman a wɔyɛ nsaase dwuma no, nea ɛsombo ma wɔn paa yɛ ɔbarima kyɛn ɔbabaa, wɔma mmarima anidie wɔ wɔn mpɔtam, ɛfiri sɛ mmarima apomuden yɛ den na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ kuadwuma yie. Wɔ China, akwadaa baako nhyehyɛeɛ dii dwuma kɔpem mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du num sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa bɛdɔɔ so. Ɛfiri berɛ a wɔde saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi kɔɔ mmara mu no, mmɔfra dodoɔ a wɔkan no ma wawo no ma mmarima no kɔ soro. Wɔgyinaa nnoɔma pii so na wɔhyɛɛ saa, ebi ne kwan bɔne a wɔfa so yi mmɔfra guo ne mmaa a wɔawo wɔn ama wɔn adɔɔso. Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔdi agya adeɛ no, babarima nya agyapadeɛ gya ɔbaa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=hmjO2VqMNIMC&pg=PA195</ref> Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu nso, ba panin a ɔyɛ barima no wɔ akwanya soronko. Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, yɛhwɛ twerɛsɛm mu a, babarima a ɔdikan a yɛwoo no no nyaa nnoɔma pii firi n'agya hɔ. Japanfoɔ nnoɔma bi a wɔde wɔn ba panin gye mu no bi ne: "ɛne sɛ awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ ɔyɛ babarima a" ne Awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ mpo ɔnyɛ babarima a".<ref>http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/emplibrary/horiokan004.pdf</ref> Akristofoɔ Ahyɛnsodeɛ Wɔ akristofoɔ mu no, "babarima " anaasɛ onyankopɔn ba no ne Yesu Kristo.  Akristofoɔ a wɔgye nyame baasa koro di no hunu Yesu sɛ nnipa ɔtɔ so mmienu wɔ Onyankopɔn afam a wɔfrɛ no Onyankopɔn ba. Wɔ asɛmpa no mu, ɛtɔ da a Yesu frɛ ne ho onipa ba. Nea saa edin no kyerɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ pii mu no, abusua din bi kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba a", a ɛkyerɛ nananom-ie., sɛ abusuamu no nyinaa firi nananom hɔ. Ɛtumi sesa firi mfitiaseɛ anaasɛ abusua din noa wɔatwa mu no. ; Arabic * '''''bin''''' or '''''ibn'''''. Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ibn Sina" ("Sina ba"), "Ibn Khaldun" ("son of Khaldun"). ; Berber * '''''U''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ou'''''). Nhweɛsoɔ: "Usadden" ("son of Sadden"), "Uâli" ("son of Âli"). * '''''Ayt''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ait''''' anaasɛ '''''aït'''''). Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ayt Buyafar" ("sons of Buyafar"), "Ayt Mellul" ("sons of Mellul"). * '''''n Ayt''''' (also spelled '''''nait''''' or '''''naït'''''). Examples: "n Ayt Ndir" ("son of the Ndir tribe/family"), "Naït Zerrad" ("son of the Zerrad tribe or family"). ; Danish * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Henriksen" ("son of Henrik"), "Jensen" ("son of Jens"), "Andersen" ("son of Anders"). ; Dutch * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Jansen" ("son of Jan"), "Petersen" ("son of Peter"), "Pietersen" ("son of Pieter") * '''''Zoon'''''. Examples: "Janszoon" ("son of Jan"), "Peterszoon" ("son of Peter"), "Pieterszoon" ("son of Pieter") ; English * '''''s'''''. Examples: "Edwards" ("son of Edward"), "Williams" ("son of William"), "Jeffreys" ("son of Jeffrey") * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Jefferson" ("son of Jeffery"), "Wilson" ("son of William"), "Edson" ("son of Edward"), "Anderson" ("son of Ander"). ; French * '''''es'''''. Example: "Fernandes" ("son of Fernand"). * '''''ot'''''. Example: "Pierrot" ("son of Pierre"). * '''''de''''' or '''''d'<nowiki/>'''.'' Example: "Danton" ("son of Anton"). ; Hebrew * '''''ben''''' or '''''bin''''' before 1300 BC. Example: "Benjamin" ("son of a right-hand man"). Also, the Hebrew word for "person" is ''ben Adam'', meaning "son of Adam". ; Hindi * '''''beta'''''. Example: "Mera beta Tim" ("my son Tim"). * '''''बेटा'''''. Example "मेरा बेटा टिम" ("my son Tim"). ; Hungarian * '''''-fi''''' or '''''-ffy'''''. Examples: "Petőfi" ("son of Pető"), "Sándorfi" ("son of Sándor"), "Péterffy" ("son of Péter") (archaic spelling, indicates aristocratic origins). ; Irish * '''''Mac''''' or '''''Mc'''''. Examples: "MacThomas" ("son of Thomas"), "McDonald" ("son of Donald"), "MacLean" ("son of Lean"). ; Italian * '''''di'''''. Examples: "di Stefano" ("son of Steven"), "di Giovanni" ("son of John"), "di Giuseppe" ("son of Joseph"). * '''''de'''''. Examples: "de Paolo" ("son of Paul"), "de Mauro" ("son of Maurus"), "de Giorgio" ("son of George"). * '''''d`'''''. Examples: "d'Antonio" ("son of Anthony"), "d'Adriano" ("son of Adrian"), "d'Agostino" ("son of Augustine"). * '''''-i''''', which comes from Latin ending for Genitive. Examples: "Paoli" ("son of Paolo"), "Richetti" ("son of Richetto, a short name for Enrico"). ; Norwegian * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Magnusson" ("son of Magnus"); "Sigurdson" ("son of Sigurd"), "Odinson" ("son of Odin"). ; Persian * '''''pur/pour'''''. Example: "Mahdipur" ("son of Mahdi"). * '''''zadeh'''''. Example: "Muhammadzadeh" ("son/daughter of Muhammad"). ; Tagalog * '''''Anak''''' Example: ''mga Anak ni Pedro'' (son and daughter of Pedro) ; Tamil * '''''Magan'''''. Example: "En Magan Murugan" ("my son Murugan"). * '''''மகன்'''''. Example "என் மகன் முருகன்" ("my son Murugan"). ; Polish * '''''ski'''''. Examples: "Janowski" ("son of John"), "Piotrowski" ("son of Peter"), "Michalski" ("son of Michael"). ; Portuguese * '''''Es'''''. Examples: "Gonçalves" ("son of Gonçalo"), "Henriques" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernandes" ("son of Fernando"). ; Romanian * '''''a''''' as prefix (except for female names that start in a and probably for others that start in vowels) and '''''ei''''' as suffix. Example: "Amariei" ("son of Mary"), "Adomnitei" ("son of Domnita"), "Alenei" ("son of Elena/Leana"). * '''''escu''''' or sometimes '''''aşcu''''' comes from the Latin '''''-iscus''''' which means "belonging to the people". Examples: "Petrescu" ("Petre's son"), "Popescu" ("Popa's son" Popa meaning Priest), "Constantinescu" ("son of Constantin").. ; Russian * '''''ov''''' /ɒf/, '''''ovich''''' /əvɪtʃ/. Example: "Ivanov" ("son of Ivan"). * '''''ev''''' /ɛf/, '''''evich''''' /ɨvɪtʃ/. Example: "Dmitriev" ("son of Dmitri"). ; Spanish * '''''Ez'''''. Examples: "González" ("son of Gonzalo"), "Henríquez" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernández" ("son of Fernando"), Gómez ("son of Gome"), Sánchez ("son of Sancho"). ; Turkish * '''''oğlu'''''. Examples: "Elbeyioğlu" ("son of foreigner Bey"), "Ağaoğlu" ("son of Ağa"), "Yusufoğlu" ("son of Yusuf"). * '''''zade'''''. Examples: "Beyzade" (son of a Bey), "Aşıkpaşazade" ("son of Ashik Paşa), "Mehmedzade" (son of Mehmet). ; Ukrainian * '''''-enko''''' or '''''-ko''''', meaning simply "son of". Example: "Kovalenko" ("son of Koval") * '''''sky''''' . Examples: "Stanislavsky" ("son of Stanislav"), "Chaykovsky" ("son of Chayko"), "Petrovsky" ("son of Petro"). * '''''shyn'''''. Examples: "Petryshyn" ("son of Petro"), "Danylyshyn" ("son of Danylo"). * '''''chuk'''''. Example: "Ivanchuk" ("son of Ivan"). ; Welsh * '''''ap''''' or '''''ab'''''. Examples: "ap Rhys" ("son of Rhys", anglicized to "Price"), "ab Owain" ("son of Owen", anglicized to Bowen). == Semitic == Edin a Arabic de ma babarima ne Ibn. Ɛfiri sɛ abusua ne tete nananom yɛ amammerɛ a ɛhohia paa wɔ Arab ne nkramosom, Arab ne nkramofoɔ pii(nhwɛsoɔ Bruneian) de non di dwuma, a ɛte sɛ Ibn, wɔ wɔn din nyinaa mu. Bom kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba ma ". Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, Arab din "Saleh nim Tarif nim Khaleb Al-Fulani" (cf. Arab din nyinaa ankasa). Saa ara nso na,ibn/bom abirabɔ ne abu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ "agya ma". Ɛyɛ edin bi a wɔde ma obi babarima a ɔdikan, na wɔde di dwuma sɛ moniker de kyerɛ agya din a wɔde ama no, kyɛn abusua. Nhwɛsoɔ sɛ na Mahmoud babarima de Abdullah, firi Mahmoud so no wɔbɛtumi afrɛ no "Abu Abdullah". Ɛne Hebrew kasa ben a ɛwɔ "Judah ben Abram HaLevi", a ɛkyerɛ "Yuda,Abram ba, lewi" sɛ. Ben nso gyina ne ho so. == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == <references /> nc7cimwn1g1044n33w7eirarpp9hid1 132661 132660 2022-07-28T20:00:55Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Ɔbarima yɛ ɛba yɛawo no a ɔyɛ barima; barima anaa onipa ma n'awofoɔ. Ɔbaa nso yɛ babaa. Sɛ obi na ɔwoo ɛba bi, babarima no gyina hɔ ma abusuani a ɔdi kan. == Asetena mu Nsɛm == Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔwɔ nnwumakuo ne aman a wɔyɛ nsaase dwuma no, nea ɛsombo ma wɔn paa yɛ ɔbarima kyɛn ɔbabaa, wɔma mmarima anidie wɔ wɔn mpɔtam, ɛfiri sɛ mmarima apomuden yɛ den na wɔbɛtumi ayɛ kuadwuma yie. Wɔ China, akwadaa baako nhyehyɛeɛ dii dwuma kɔpem mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du num sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa bɛdɔɔ so. Ɛfiri berɛ a wɔde saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi kɔɔ mmara mu no, mmɔfra dodoɔ a wɔkan no ma wawo no ma mmarima no kɔ soro. Wɔgyinaa nnoɔma pii so na wɔhyɛɛ saa, ebi ne kwan bɔne a wɔfa so yi mmɔfra guo ne mmaa a wɔawo wɔn ama wɔn adɔɔso. Wɔ mpɔtam a wɔdi agya adeɛ no, babarima nya agyapadeɛ gya ɔbaa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=hmjO2VqMNIMC&pg=PA195</ref> Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu nso, ba panin a ɔyɛ barima no wɔ akwanya soronko. Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, yɛhwɛ twerɛsɛm mu a, babarima a ɔdikan a yɛwoo no no nyaa nnoɔma pii firi n'agya hɔ. Japanfoɔ nnoɔma bi a wɔde wɔn ba panin gye mu no bi ne: "ɛne sɛ awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ ɔyɛ babarima a" ne Awofoɔ tumi ne wɔn ba panin tena sɛ mpo ɔnyɛ babarima a".<ref>http://w4.stern.nyu.edu/emplibrary/horiokan004.pdf</ref> == Akristofoɔ Ahyɛnsodeɛ == Wɔ akristofoɔ mu no, "babarima " anaasɛ onyankopɔn ba no ne Yesu Kristo.  Akristofoɔ a wɔgye nyame baasa koro di no hunu Yesu sɛ nnipa ɔtɔ so mmienu wɔ Onyankopɔn afam a wɔfrɛ no Onyankopɔn ba. Wɔ asɛmpa no mu, ɛtɔ da a Yesu frɛ ne ho onipa ba. Nea saa edin no kyerɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ pii mu no, abusua din bi kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba a", a ɛkyerɛ nananom-ie., sɛ abusuamu no nyinaa firi nananom hɔ. Ɛtumi sesa firi mfitiaseɛ anaasɛ abusua din noa wɔatwa mu no. ; Arabic * '''''bin''''' or '''''ibn'''''. Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ibn Sina" ("Sina ba"), "Ibn Khaldun" ("son of Khaldun"). ; Berber * '''''U''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ou'''''). Nhweɛsoɔ: "Usadden" ("son of Sadden"), "Uâli" ("son of Âli"). * '''''Ayt''''' (a wɔtwerɛ no '''''ait''''' anaasɛ '''''aït'''''). Nhwɛsoɔ: "Ayt Buyafar" ("sons of Buyafar"), "Ayt Mellul" ("sons of Mellul"). * '''''n Ayt''''' (also spelled '''''nait''''' or '''''naït'''''). Examples: "n Ayt Ndir" ("son of the Ndir tribe/family"), "Naït Zerrad" ("son of the Zerrad tribe or family"). ; Danish * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Henriksen" ("son of Henrik"), "Jensen" ("son of Jens"), "Andersen" ("son of Anders"). ; Dutch * '''''Sen'''''. Examples: "Jansen" ("son of Jan"), "Petersen" ("son of Peter"), "Pietersen" ("son of Pieter") * '''''Zoon'''''. Examples: "Janszoon" ("son of Jan"), "Peterszoon" ("son of Peter"), "Pieterszoon" ("son of Pieter") ; English * '''''s'''''. Examples: "Edwards" ("son of Edward"), "Williams" ("son of William"), "Jeffreys" ("son of Jeffrey") * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Jefferson" ("son of Jeffery"), "Wilson" ("son of William"), "Edson" ("son of Edward"), "Anderson" ("son of Ander"). ; French * '''''es'''''. Example: "Fernandes" ("son of Fernand"). * '''''ot'''''. Example: "Pierrot" ("son of Pierre"). * '''''de''''' or '''''d'<nowiki/>'''.'' Example: "Danton" ("son of Anton"). ; Hebrew * '''''ben''''' or '''''bin''''' before 1300 BC. Example: "Benjamin" ("son of a right-hand man"). Also, the Hebrew word for "person" is ''ben Adam'', meaning "son of Adam". ; Hindi * '''''beta'''''. Example: "Mera beta Tim" ("my son Tim"). * '''''बेटा'''''. Example "मेरा बेटा टिम" ("my son Tim"). ; Hungarian * '''''-fi''''' or '''''-ffy'''''. Examples: "Petőfi" ("son of Pető"), "Sándorfi" ("son of Sándor"), "Péterffy" ("son of Péter") (archaic spelling, indicates aristocratic origins). ; Irish * '''''Mac''''' or '''''Mc'''''. Examples: "MacThomas" ("son of Thomas"), "McDonald" ("son of Donald"), "MacLean" ("son of Lean"). ; Italian * '''''di'''''. Examples: "di Stefano" ("son of Steven"), "di Giovanni" ("son of John"), "di Giuseppe" ("son of Joseph"). * '''''de'''''. Examples: "de Paolo" ("son of Paul"), "de Mauro" ("son of Maurus"), "de Giorgio" ("son of George"). * '''''d`'''''. Examples: "d'Antonio" ("son of Anthony"), "d'Adriano" ("son of Adrian"), "d'Agostino" ("son of Augustine"). * '''''-i''''', which comes from Latin ending for Genitive. Examples: "Paoli" ("son of Paolo"), "Richetti" ("son of Richetto, a short name for Enrico"). ; Norwegian * '''''Son'''''. Examples: "Magnusson" ("son of Magnus"); "Sigurdson" ("son of Sigurd"), "Odinson" ("son of Odin"). ; Persian * '''''pur/pour'''''. Example: "Mahdipur" ("son of Mahdi"). * '''''zadeh'''''. Example: "Muhammadzadeh" ("son/daughter of Muhammad"). ; Tagalog * '''''Anak''''' Example: ''mga Anak ni Pedro'' (son and daughter of Pedro) ; Tamil * '''''Magan'''''. Example: "En Magan Murugan" ("my son Murugan"). * '''''மகன்'''''. Example "என் மகன் முருகன்" ("my son Murugan"). ; Polish * '''''ski'''''. Examples: "Janowski" ("son of John"), "Piotrowski" ("son of Peter"), "Michalski" ("son of Michael"). ; Portuguese * '''''Es'''''. Examples: "Gonçalves" ("son of Gonçalo"), "Henriques" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernandes" ("son of Fernando"). ; Romanian * '''''a''''' as prefix (except for female names that start in a and probably for others that start in vowels) and '''''ei''''' as suffix. Example: "Amariei" ("son of Mary"), "Adomnitei" ("son of Domnita"), "Alenei" ("son of Elena/Leana"). * '''''escu''''' or sometimes '''''aşcu''''' comes from the Latin '''''-iscus''''' which means "belonging to the people". Examples: "Petrescu" ("Petre's son"), "Popescu" ("Popa's son" Popa meaning Priest), "Constantinescu" ("son of Constantin").. ; Russian * '''''ov''''' /ɒf/, '''''ovich''''' /əvɪtʃ/. Example: "Ivanov" ("son of Ivan"). * '''''ev''''' /ɛf/, '''''evich''''' /ɨvɪtʃ/. Example: "Dmitriev" ("son of Dmitri"). ; Spanish * '''''Ez'''''. Examples: "González" ("son of Gonzalo"), "Henríquez" ("son of Henrique"), "Fernández" ("son of Fernando"), Gómez ("son of Gome"), Sánchez ("son of Sancho"). ; Turkish * '''''oğlu'''''. Examples: "Elbeyioğlu" ("son of foreigner Bey"), "Ağaoğlu" ("son of Ağa"), "Yusufoğlu" ("son of Yusuf"). * '''''zade'''''. Examples: "Beyzade" (son of a Bey), "Aşıkpaşazade" ("son of Ashik Paşa), "Mehmedzade" (son of Mehmet). ; Ukrainian * '''''-enko''''' or '''''-ko''''', meaning simply "son of". Example: "Kovalenko" ("son of Koval") * '''''sky''''' . Examples: "Stanislavsky" ("son of Stanislav"), "Chaykovsky" ("son of Chayko"), "Petrovsky" ("son of Petro"). * '''''shyn'''''. Examples: "Petryshyn" ("son of Petro"), "Danylyshyn" ("son of Danylo"). * '''''chuk'''''. Example: "Ivanchuk" ("son of Ivan"). ; Welsh * '''''ap''''' or '''''ab'''''. Examples: "ap Rhys" ("son of Rhys", anglicized to "Price"), "ab Owain" ("son of Owen", anglicized to Bowen). == Semitic == Edin a Arabic de ma babarima ne Ibn. Ɛfiri sɛ abusua ne tete nananom yɛ amammerɛ a ɛhohia paa wɔ Arab ne nkramosom, Arab ne nkramofoɔ pii(nhwɛsoɔ Bruneian) de non di dwuma, a ɛte sɛ Ibn, wɔ wɔn din nyinaa mu. Bom kyerɛ sɛ "ɛba ma ". Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, Arab din "Saleh nim Tarif nim Khaleb Al-Fulani" (cf. Arab din nyinaa ankasa). Saa ara nso na,ibn/bom abirabɔ ne abu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ "agya ma". Ɛyɛ edin bi a wɔde ma obi babarima a ɔdikan, na wɔde di dwuma sɛ moniker de kyerɛ agya din a wɔde ama no, kyɛn abusua. Nhwɛsoɔ sɛ na Mahmoud babarima de Abdullah, firi Mahmoud so no wɔbɛtumi afrɛ no "Abu Abdullah". Ɛne Hebrew kasa ben a ɛwɔ "Judah ben Abram HaLevi", a ɛkyerɛ "Yuda,Abram ba, lewi" sɛ. Ben nso gyina ne ho so. == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == <references /> 84pj8aze7unxqzktf1q7xxkh3ja8toe Nnua 0 13619 132637 2022-07-28T18:11:15Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ afifide ho adesua mu no, '''dua''' yɛ afifide a ɛtra hɔ daa a ne dua anaa dua tenten, na ɛtaa gyina nkorabata ne nhaban akyi. Wɔ nneɛma bi a wɔde di dwuma mu no, dua ho nkyerɛase betumi ayɛ teateaa, a afifide a ɛyɛ nnua a enyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛto so abien nkutoo so, afifide a wotumi de di dwuma sɛ nnua anaa afifide a ɛboro sorokɔ pɔtee bi ka ho. Wɔ nkyerɛase ahorow a ɛtrɛw mu no, nnua atenten, nnua a wɔfrɛ no fern, banana, ne bamboo nso yɛ nnua. Nnua nyɛ taxonomic kuw nanso ɛka afifide ahorow ahorow a wɔde wɔn ho ayɛ dua ne nkorabata sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so kɔ soro sen afifide afoforo de si akan wɔ owia hann ho. Nnua ahorow no mu dodow no ara yɛ angiosperms anaa nnua a ɛyɛ den; nea aka no mu pii yɛ gymnosperm anaa nnua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Nnua taa tra ase kyɛ, na ebinom adi mfe mpempem pii. Nnua atra hɔ mfe ɔpepem 370 ni. Wobu akontaa sɛ nnua a anyin bɛyɛ ɔpepepem abiɛsa na ɛwɔ wiase. lvet7tacotykkvlibbdyn88r8mk7x93 132638 132637 2022-07-28T18:14:06Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ afifide ho adesua mu no, '''dua''' yɛ afifide a ɛtra hɔ daa a ne dua anaa dua tenten, na ɛtaa gyina nkorabata ne nhaban akyi. Wɔ nneɛma bi a wɔde di dwuma mu no, dua ho nkyerɛase betumi ayɛ teateaa, a afifide a ɛyɛ nnua a enyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛto so abien nkutoo so, afifide a wotumi de di dwuma sɛ nnua anaa afifide a ɛboro sorokɔ pɔtee bi ka ho. Wɔ nkyerɛase ahorow a ɛtrɛw mu no, nnua atenten, nnua a wɔfrɛ no fern, banana, ne bamboo nso yɛ nnua. Nnua nyɛ taxonomic kuw nanso ɛka afifide ahorow ahorow a wɔde wɔn ho ayɛ dua ne nkorabata sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so kɔ soro sen afifide afoforo de si akan wɔ owia hann ho. Nnua ahorow no mu dodow no ara yɛ angiosperms anaa nnua a ɛyɛ den; nea aka no mu pii yɛ gymnosperm anaa nnua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Nnua taa tra ase kyɛ, na ebinom adi mfe mpempem pii. Nnua atra hɔ mfe ɔpepem 370 ni. Wobu akontaa sɛ nnua a anyin bɛyɛ ɔpepepem abiɛsa na ɛwɔ wiase. dua bi taa wɔ nkorabata a ɛto so abien pii a dua no gyina akyi fi fam. Mpɛn pii no, nnua ntini a ɛma ahoɔden, ne ntini mu ntini a ɛde nneɛma fi dua no fã biako kɔ foforo wɔ saa dua yi mu. Wɔ nnua dodow no ara fam no, wɔde dua bi a ɛyɛ akwanside a ɛbɔ ho ban atwa ho ahyia. Wɔ fam ase no, ntini no yɛ nkorabata na ɛtrɛw kɛse; wɔsom sɛ wɔde hyɛ dua no mu na woyi nsu ne aduannuru fi asase no mu. Wɔ fam no, nkorabata no mu paapae yɛ nkorabata nketewa ne nkorabata. Mpɛn pii no, nhaban no sow nhaban, na ɛkyere hann ahoɔden na ɛdan asikre denam photosyntesis so, na ɛma dua no nyin na enyin. Nnua taa de aba na ɛwo. Ebia nhwiren ne nnuaba wɔ hɔ, nanso nnua bi te sɛ nnua a wɔfrɛ no conifers no wɔ pollen cones ne aba cones mmom. Nnua, banana, ne bamboo nso ma aba, nanso nnua mu fern ma spore mmom. Nnua di dwuma titiriw wɔ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam no so tew na ɛma wim tebea yɛ mmerɛw no mu. Woyi carbon dioxide fi wim na wɔkora carbon pii so wɔ wɔn ntini mu. Nnua ne kwae ma mmoa ne afifide ahorow pii tra. Kwae a osu tɔ na owia bɔ kɛse wom no ka mmeae a abɔde a nkwa wom gu ahorow sen biara wɔ wiase no ho. Nnua ma sunsuma ne dabere, nnua a wɔde si adan, pɛtro a wɔde noa aduan ne ɔhyew, ne nnuaba a wɔde yɛ aduan ne nneɛma afoforo pii a wɔde di dwuma. Wɔ wiase no afã horow no, kwae ahorow so retew bere a wotutu nnua ma asase a wobetumi ayɛ kua no ayɛ kɛse no. Esiane sɛ nnua kyɛ na mfaso wɔ so nti, wɔabu nnua bere nyinaa, na ɛwɔ kwae kronkron wɔ amammerɛ ahorow mu, na edi dwuma wɔ wiase anansesɛm pii mu. == Nkyerɛaseɛ == nx3ncxnv8mmwfz63u4wn0umjnqfh465 132639 132638 2022-07-28T18:16:43Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ne paragraph ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ afifide ho adesua mu no, '''dua''' yɛ afifide a ɛtra hɔ daa a ne dua anaa dua tenten, na ɛtaa gyina nkorabata ne nhaban akyi. Wɔ nneɛma bi a wɔde di dwuma mu no, dua ho nkyerɛase betumi ayɛ teateaa, a afifide a ɛyɛ nnua a enyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛto so abien nkutoo so, afifide a wotumi de di dwuma sɛ nnua anaa afifide a ɛboro sorokɔ pɔtee bi ka ho. Wɔ nkyerɛase ahorow a ɛtrɛw mu no, nnua atenten, nnua a wɔfrɛ no fern, banana, ne bamboo nso yɛ nnua. Nnua nyɛ taxonomic kuw nanso ɛka afifide ahorow ahorow a wɔde wɔn ho ayɛ dua ne nkorabata sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so kɔ soro sen afifide afoforo de si akan wɔ owia hann ho. Nnua ahorow no mu dodow no ara yɛ angiosperms anaa nnua a ɛyɛ den; nea aka no mu pii yɛ gymnosperm anaa nnua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Nnua taa tra ase kyɛ, na ebinom adi mfe mpempem pii. Nnua atra hɔ mfe ɔpepem 370 ni. Wobu akontaa sɛ nnua a anyin bɛyɛ ɔpepepem abiɛsa na ɛwɔ wiase. dua bi taa wɔ nkorabata a ɛto so abien pii a dua no gyina akyi fi fam. Mpɛn pii no, nnua ntini a ɛma ahoɔden, ne ntini mu ntini a ɛde nneɛma fi dua no fã biako kɔ foforo wɔ saa dua yi mu. Wɔ nnua dodow no ara fam no, wɔde dua bi a ɛyɛ akwanside a ɛbɔ ho ban atwa ho ahyia. Wɔ fam ase no, ntini no yɛ nkorabata na ɛtrɛw kɛse; wɔsom sɛ wɔde hyɛ dua no mu na woyi nsu ne aduannuru fi asase no mu. Wɔ fam no, nkorabata no mu paapae yɛ nkorabata nketewa ne nkorabata. Mpɛn pii no, nhaban no sow nhaban, na ɛkyere hann ahoɔden na ɛdan asikre denam photosyntesis so, na ɛma dua no nyin na enyin. Nnua taa de aba na ɛwo. Ebia nhwiren ne nnuaba wɔ hɔ, nanso nnua bi te sɛ nnua a wɔfrɛ no conifers no wɔ pollen cones ne aba cones mmom. Nnua, banana, ne bamboo nso ma aba, nanso nnua mu fern ma spore mmom. Nnua di dwuma titiriw wɔ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam no so tew na ɛma wim tebea yɛ mmerɛw no mu. Woyi carbon dioxide fi wim na wɔkora carbon pii so wɔ wɔn ntini mu. Nnua ne kwae ma mmoa ne afifide ahorow pii tra. Kwae a osu tɔ na owia bɔ kɛse wom no ka mmeae a abɔde a nkwa wom gu ahorow sen biara wɔ wiase no ho. Nnua ma sunsuma ne dabere, nnua a wɔde si adan, pɛtro a wɔde noa aduan ne ɔhyew, ne nnuaba a wɔde yɛ aduan ne nneɛma afoforo pii a wɔde di dwuma. Wɔ wiase no afã horow no, kwae ahorow so retew bere a wotutu nnua ma asase a wobetumi ayɛ kua no ayɛ kɛse no. Esiane sɛ nnua kyɛ na mfaso wɔ so nti, wɔabu nnua bere nyinaa, na ɛwɔ kwae kronkron wɔ amammerɛ ahorow mu, na edi dwuma wɔ wiase anansesɛm pii mu. == Nkyerɛaseɛ == ɛwom sɛ "dua" yɛ asɛmfua a wɔtaa ka de, nanso nkyerɛase pɔtee biara nni hɔ a wogye tom wɔ amansan nyinaa mu wɔ nea dua yɛ ho, wɔ afifide mu anaasɛ kasa a wɔtaa de di dwuma mu.[1][2] Wɔ ne ntease a ɛtrɛw mu no, dua yɛ afifide biara a ɛwɔ ɔkwan a ɛtrɛw te sɛ dua, anaa dua a ɛware, a ɛboa nhaban anaa nkorabata a ɛma hann no wɔ akyirikyiri bi wɔ fam no. Wɔtaa kyerɛkyerɛ nnua nso mu denam sorokɔ so,[4] a wɔfrɛ afifide nketewa a ne tenten fi mita 0.5 kosi 10 (anammɔn 1.6 kosi 32.8) sɛ nnuadewa,[5] enti wɔkyerɛkyerɛ dua bi sorokɔ a ɛba fam koraa no mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw so nkutoo. Afifide akɛse a ɛyɛ nhabannuru te sɛ papaya ne banana yɛ nnua wɔ ntease a ɛtrɛw yi mu.[2][6] Nkyerɛase a ɛyɛ teateaa a wɔtaa de di dwuma ne sɛ dua bi wɔ dua bi a ɛyɛ dua a ɛnam nyin a ɛto so abien so na ɛba, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ dua no yɛ den afe biara denam nyin a ɛkɔ akyi no so, de ka onyin titiriw a ɛkɔ soro fi ano a enyin no ho. Wɔ nkyerɛase a ɛte saa ase no, wɔmfa afifide a ɛyɛ nhabannuru te sɛ mmɛw, banana ne papaya sɛ nnua ɛmfa ho sɛnea ne tenten, sɛnea enyin anaasɛ ne dua no te. Wobetumi abu monocots binom sɛ nnua wɔ nkyerɛase a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra ase;[8] bere a Yosua dua, bamboos ne palms nni nyin a ɛto so abien na ɛnsow nokware nnua a enyin nkaa da no,[9][10] wobetumi ayɛ "pseudo-wood." " denam nkwammoaa a ɛnam nyin a edi kan so hyehyɛ no so.[11] Nnua ahorow a ɛwɔ Dracaena abusua mu no, ɛmfa ho sɛ ɛyɛ monocots nso no, ɛwɔ nyin a ɛto so abien a meristem a ɛwɔ wɔn dua mu no de ba, nanso ɛyɛ soronko wɔ meristem a ɛyɛ den a wohu wɔ nnua a ɛwɔ dicotyledonous mu no ho.[12] Sɛ yɛde nhyehyɛe ho nkyerɛase ahorow to nkyɛn a, wɔtaa de di dwuma na ɛkyerɛkyerɛ nnua mu; sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ saa afifide a ɛma nnua no.[13] == Nsɛm a Wɔaka abom == Nnua nyin su yɛ adannandi nsakrae a wohu wɔ afifide akuw ahorow mu: ɛdenam nyin a ɛware so no, nnua tumi si akan yiye wɔ owia hann ho.[14] Nnua taa yɛ atenten na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ,[15] ebinom di mfe mpempem pii.[16] Nnua pii ka abɔde a nkwa wom a akyɛ sen biara a wɔte ase mprempren no ho.[17] Nnua wɔ nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔayɛ mu nsakrae te sɛ ntini a ɛyɛ den a nkwammoaa titiriw na ɛwom a ɛma ahoɔden ne nea ɛtra hɔ kyɛ ka ho, na ɛma enyin tenten sen afifide afoforo pii na ɛtrɛw wɔn nhaban mu. Ɛsono nnua, a ɛwɔ onyin kwan a ɛte saa ara, denam mpɛn pii no enyin kɛse na ɛwɔ dua titiriw biako so;[5] nanso nsonsonoe biara nni dua ne dua bi ntam daa,[18] a nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ nnua no ma ɛyɛ basaa kɛse ebia wɔbɛtew ne kɛse so wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia tebea horow a emu yɛ den te sɛ mmepɔw ne mmeae a ɛwɔ asase ase no mu. Dua no su no anya nkɔso wɔ ɔkwan soronko so wɔ afifide ahorow a ɛnyɛ abusuabɔ mu de bua nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nsɛnnennen a ɛte saa ara, na ɛma ɛyɛ adannandi a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ ho nhwɛso a wɔagye din. Sɛ wobu akontaa sɛ nnua ahorow 60,000-100,000 na ɛwɔ hɔ a, nnua dodow a ɛwɔ wiase nyinaa no betumi ayɛ afifide ahorow a ɛte ase nyinaa mu ɔha biara mu nkyem aduonu anum.[19][20] Eyinom dodow a ɛsen biara no nyin wɔ mmeae a osu tɔ na owia bɔ kɛse; afifide ho animdefo nnya nyɛɛ mmeae yi pii ho nhwehwɛmu nwiei, na ɛma wonnim nnua ahorow ne mmeae a ɛwɔ hɔ no yiye.[21] tgyc1jvoo3ft4c2y5c60awq7kuwyq97 Nhweren 0 13620 132640 2022-07-28T18:19:40Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nhwiren''', a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ no nhwiren anaa nhwiren, ne awo nhyehyɛe a wohu wɔ afifide a ɛsow nhwiren mu (afifide a ɛwɔ mpaapaemu Angiospermae mu). Abɔde mu dwumadi a nhwiren yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma awo ayɛ mmerɛw, mpɛn pii no denam ɔkwan bi a ɛma mmadwoa ne nkesua bom so. Nhwiren betumi ama outcrossing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi ankorankoro ahorow mu a wɔde bɛka abom wɔ nnipa dodow bi mu) a efi cross-pollination mu ba no ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛma kwan ma selfing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi nhwiren koro no ara mu a wɔde bɛka abom) bere a ankasa pollination ba no. d6knas9ffvy9c5p3yqaiyibyb57e3in 132641 132640 2022-07-28T18:21:57Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nhwiren''', a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ no nhwiren anaa nhwiren, ne awo nhyehyɛe a wohu wɔ afifide a ɛsow nhwiren mu (afifide a ɛwɔ mpaapaemu Angiospermae mu). Abɔde mu dwumadi a nhwiren yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma awo ayɛ mmerɛw, mpɛn pii no denam ɔkwan bi a ɛma mmadwoa ne nkesua bom so. Nhwiren betumi ama outcrossing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi ankorankoro ahorow mu a wɔde bɛka abom wɔ nnipa dodow bi mu) a efi cross-pollination mu ba no ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛma kwan ma selfing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi nhwiren koro no ara mu a wɔde bɛka abom) bere a ankasa pollination ba no. pollination ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: ne ho pollination ne cross-pollination. Anther-pollination ba bere a pollen a efi anther no mu no gu nhwiren koro no ara stigma so, anaasɛ nhwiren foforo a ɛwɔ afifide koro no ara so no. Cross-pollination yɛ bere a wɔde pollen fi nhwiren biako anther mu kɔ nhwiren foforo stigma so wɔ ankorankoro soronko bi a ɔyɛ nhwiren koro no ara so no. Nhwiren a ɛtwetwe ne ho no si wɔ nhwiren a stamen ne carpel no nyin bere koro mu, na wɔde si hɔ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a pollen no betumi akɔ fam wɔ nhwiren no stigma no so. Saa pollination yi nhia sika a efi afifide no hɔ na ama nectar ne pollen ayɛ aduan ama pollinators.[1] Nhwiren binom ma diaspore ahorow ba a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu (parthenocarpy). Nhwiren wɔ sporangia na ɛhɔ na gametophytes nyin. Nhwiren pii adan a ɛyɛ fɛ ma mmoa, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛma ayɛ nneɛma a ɛde nsu mu nsu no kɔ baabi foforo. Sɛ nhwiren no hyɛ mu wie a, nhwiren no awotwaa no nyin bɛyɛ aba a aba wom. Nea ɛka nhwiren a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛsan awo ho no, nnipa ani gye nhwiren ho fi bere tenten na wɔde di dwuma ma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yɛ fɛ, na ɛsan nso yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ ɔdɔ, amanne, ahintasɛm, abayisɛm, nyamesom, nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ biribiara mu, ne aduan fibea . 42pwyj8v3nkrz3l2he47v4zsuo176ox 132642 132641 2022-07-28T18:24:13Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nhwiren''', a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ no nhwiren anaa nhwiren, ne awo nhyehyɛe a wohu wɔ afifide a ɛsow nhwiren mu (afifide a ɛwɔ mpaapaemu Angiospermae mu). Abɔde mu dwumadi a nhwiren yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma awo ayɛ mmerɛw, mpɛn pii no denam ɔkwan bi a ɛma mmadwoa ne nkesua bom so. Nhwiren betumi ama outcrossing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi ankorankoro ahorow mu a wɔde bɛka abom wɔ nnipa dodow bi mu) a efi cross-pollination mu ba no ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛma kwan ma selfing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi nhwiren koro no ara mu a wɔde bɛka abom) bere a ankasa pollination ba no. pollination ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: ne ho pollination ne cross-pollination. Anther-pollination ba bere a pollen a efi anther no mu no gu nhwiren koro no ara stigma so, anaasɛ nhwiren foforo a ɛwɔ afifide koro no ara so no. Cross-pollination yɛ bere a wɔde pollen fi nhwiren biako anther mu kɔ nhwiren foforo stigma so wɔ ankorankoro soronko bi a ɔyɛ nhwiren koro no ara so no. Nhwiren a ɛtwetwe ne ho no si wɔ nhwiren a stamen ne carpel no nyin bere koro mu, na wɔde si hɔ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a pollen no betumi akɔ fam wɔ nhwiren no stigma no so. Saa pollination yi nhia sika a efi afifide no hɔ na ama nectar ne pollen ayɛ aduan ama pollinators.[1] Nhwiren binom ma diaspore ahorow ba a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu (parthenocarpy). Nhwiren wɔ sporangia na ɛhɔ na gametophytes nyin. Nhwiren pii adan a ɛyɛ fɛ ma mmoa, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛma ayɛ nneɛma a ɛde nsu mu nsu no kɔ baabi foforo. Sɛ nhwiren no hyɛ mu wie a, nhwiren no awotwaa no nyin bɛyɛ aba a aba wom. Nea ɛka nhwiren a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛsan awo ho no, nnipa ani gye nhwiren ho fi bere tenten na wɔde di dwuma ma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yɛ fɛ, na ɛsan nso yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ ɔdɔ, amanne, ahintasɛm, abayisɛm, nyamesom, nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ biribiara mu, ne aduan fibea . == etymology ho adesua == Nhwiren fi Mfinimfini Engiresi esiam mu, a na ɛkyerɛ aburow a wɔayam ne sɛnea afifide tumi awo no nyinaa ansa na ɛrepaapae wɔ afeha a ɛto so 17 mu. Mfiase no, efi Latin din a wɔde frɛ Italyfo nhwiren nyamewa Flora no mu. Asɛmfua a edi kan a wɔde frɛ nhwiren wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu ne nhwiren,[2] ɛwom sɛ mprempren ɛkyerɛ nhwiren a ɛyɛ nnua a ɛsow aba nkutoo de.[3] i2d3an3qxmps7kmfusyx1sz1jt7z1q5 132643 132642 2022-07-28T18:26:36Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nhwiren''', a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ no nhwiren anaa nhwiren, ne awo nhyehyɛe a wohu wɔ afifide a ɛsow nhwiren mu (afifide a ɛwɔ mpaapaemu Angiospermae mu). Abɔde mu dwumadi a nhwiren yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma awo ayɛ mmerɛw, mpɛn pii no denam ɔkwan bi a ɛma mmadwoa ne nkesua bom so. Nhwiren betumi ama outcrossing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi ankorankoro ahorow mu a wɔde bɛka abom wɔ nnipa dodow bi mu) a efi cross-pollination mu ba no ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛma kwan ma selfing (nkwaboaa ne nkesua a efi nhwiren koro no ara mu a wɔde bɛka abom) bere a ankasa pollination ba no. pollination ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: ne ho pollination ne cross-pollination. Anther-pollination ba bere a pollen a efi anther no mu no gu nhwiren koro no ara stigma so, anaasɛ nhwiren foforo a ɛwɔ afifide koro no ara so no. Cross-pollination yɛ bere a wɔde pollen fi nhwiren biako anther mu kɔ nhwiren foforo stigma so wɔ ankorankoro soronko bi a ɔyɛ nhwiren koro no ara so no. Nhwiren a ɛtwetwe ne ho no si wɔ nhwiren a stamen ne carpel no nyin bere koro mu, na wɔde si hɔ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a pollen no betumi akɔ fam wɔ nhwiren no stigma no so. Saa pollination yi nhia sika a efi afifide no hɔ na ama nectar ne pollen ayɛ aduan ama pollinators.[1] Nhwiren binom ma diaspore ahorow ba a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu (parthenocarpy). Nhwiren wɔ sporangia na ɛhɔ na gametophytes nyin. Nhwiren pii adan a ɛyɛ fɛ ma mmoa, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛma ayɛ nneɛma a ɛde nsu mu nsu no kɔ baabi foforo. Sɛ nhwiren no hyɛ mu wie a, nhwiren no awotwaa no nyin bɛyɛ aba a aba wom. Nea ɛka nhwiren a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛsan awo ho no, nnipa ani gye nhwiren ho fi bere tenten na wɔde di dwuma ma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yɛ fɛ, na ɛsan nso yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ ɔdɔ, amanne, ahintasɛm, abayisɛm, nyamesom, nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ biribiara mu, ne aduan fibea . == etymology ho adesua == Nhwiren fi Mfinimfini Engiresi esiam mu, a na ɛkyerɛ aburow a wɔayam ne sɛnea afifide tumi awo no nyinaa ansa na ɛrepaapae wɔ afeha a ɛto so 17 mu. Mfiase no, efi Latin din a wɔde frɛ Italyfo nhwiren nyamewa Flora no mu. Asɛmfua a edi kan a wɔde frɛ nhwiren wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu ne nhwiren,[2] ɛwom sɛ mprempren ɛkyerɛ nhwiren a ɛyɛ nnua a ɛsow aba nkutoo de.[3] == dwumadie == Nhwiren atirimpɔw titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛsan awo onipa no ne ne su no. Afifide a ɛsow nhwiren nyinaa yɛ heterosporous, kyerɛ sɛ, afifide biara a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ spore ahorow abien. Microspores nam meiosis a ɛwɔ anthers mu na ɛba na megaspores ba ovules a ɛwɔ ovary mu no mu. Anthers taa yɛ microsporangia anan na ovule yɛ megasporangium a ɛyɛ integumented. Nkwammoaa ahorow abien no nyinaa nyin bɛyɛ gametophytes wɔ sporangia mu. Sɛnea ɛte wɔ afifide a ɛwɔ heterosporous nyinaa ho no, gametophytes no nso nyin wɔ spores no mu, i. e., wɔyɛ endosporic. Wɔ afifide ahorow dodow no ara mu no, nhwiren ankorankoro wɔ carpels ne stamens a ɛyɛ adwuma nyinaa. Afifide ho animdefo ka nhwiren yi ho asɛm sɛ ɛyɛ pɛ anaasɛ ɛyɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna, na nhwiren ahorow no ka ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho asɛm. Wɔ afifide ahorow kakraa bi mu no, wɔn nhwiren no nni awo akwaa biako anaa foforo na wɔka ho asɛm sɛ ɛnyɛ pɛ anaasɛ ɛyɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna. Sɛ afifide ankorankoro a ɛwɔ ɔkwan bi so no mu biara wɔ nhwiren a ɛyɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna biako a, ɛnde na afifide no yɛ nea ɛwɔ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna biako. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ foforo no, sɛ afifide biara wɔ nhwiren a ɛyɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna nkutoo a, ɛnde na afifide no yɛ dioecious. 1hv0mb5l4ljhlleljaeibhlv9yr7ev3 Mmoa 0 13621 132644 2022-07-28T18:28:34Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mmoa''' yɛ mmoawa a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa pii, eukaryotic wɔ abɔde a nkwa wom ahemman Animalia mu. Sɛ mmoa kakraa bi na ɛka ho a, mmoa di nneɛma a nkwa wom, wɔhome mframa pa, wotumi keka wɔn ho, wotumi wo wɔ nna mu, na wɔfa ontogenetic fã bi a wɔn nipadua no yɛ nkwammoaa kurukuruwa bi a ɛyɛ tokuru, blastula, bere a awotwaa no nyin no. Wɔaka mmoa ahorow a wɔte ase bɛboro ɔpepem 1.5 ho asɛm—a emu bɛyɛ ɔpepem 1 yɛ nkoekoemmoa—nanso wɔabu akontaa sɛ sɛ wɔka ne nyinaa bom a, mmoa ahorow bɛboro ɔpepem 7 na ɛwɔ hɔ. Mmoa tenten fi micrometer 8.5 (0.00033 in) kosi mita 33.6 (anammɔn 110). Wɔne wɔn ho wɔn ho ne nneɛma a atwa wɔn ho ahyia no di nkitaho a ɛyɛ den, na ɛyɛ nnuan nhama a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ mmoa ho no, wɔfrɛ no mmoa ho adesua. dmah816kdlcrcnd3bzuzz92mclsgq0i 132645 132644 2022-07-28T18:31:18Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mmoa''' yɛ mmoawa a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa pii, eukaryotic wɔ abɔde a nkwa wom ahemman Animalia mu. Sɛ mmoa kakraa bi na ɛka ho a, mmoa di nneɛma a nkwa wom, wɔhome mframa pa, wotumi keka wɔn ho, wotumi wo wɔ nna mu, na wɔfa ontogenetic fã bi a wɔn nipadua no yɛ nkwammoaa kurukuruwa bi a ɛyɛ tokuru, blastula, bere a awotwaa no nyin no. Wɔaka mmoa ahorow a wɔte ase bɛboro ɔpepem 1.5 ho asɛm—a emu bɛyɛ ɔpepem 1 yɛ nkoekoemmoa—nanso wɔabu akontaa sɛ sɛ wɔka ne nyinaa bom a, mmoa ahorow bɛboro ɔpepem 7 na ɛwɔ hɔ. Mmoa tenten fi micrometer 8.5 (0.00033 in) kosi mita 33.6 (anammɔn 110). Wɔne wɔn ho wɔn ho ne nneɛma a atwa wɔn ho ahyia no di nkitaho a ɛyɛ den, na ɛyɛ nnuan nhama a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ mmoa ho no, wɔfrɛ no mmoa ho adesua. mmoa ahorow a wɔte ase dodow no ara wɔ Bilateria, clade a emufo wɔ nipadua nhyehyɛe a ɛne ne ho hyia wɔ afã abien no mu. Bilateria no bi ne protostomes, a mmoa te sɛ nematodes, arthropods, flatworms, annelids ne molluscs wom, ne deuterostomes, a echinoderms ne chordates wom, a nea etwa to no ka vertebrates ho. Na nkwa ahorow a wɔkyerɛɛ ase sɛ mmoa a wodii kan bae no wɔ Ediacaran biota a ɛwɔ Precambrian awiei no mu. Nnɛyi mmoa phyla pii bɛyɛɛ nea wɔde sii hɔ pefee wɔ fossil kyerɛwtohɔ mu sɛ po mu mmoa ahorow wɔ Cambrian ɔtopae a efii ase bɛyɛ mfe ɔpepem 539 a atwam ni no mu. Wɔahu awosu mu nkwaadɔm akuw 6,331 a ɛne mmoa a wɔte ase nyinaa yɛ pɛ; ebia eyinom fi nana biako a ɔbom traa ase mfe ɔpepem 650 a atwam ni no mu. Abakɔsɛm mu no, Aristotle kyekyɛɛ mmoa mu yɛɛ no ​​wɔn a wɔwɔ mogya ne wɔn a wonni mogya. Carl Linnaeus de ne Systema Naturae yɛɛ abɔde a nkwa wom mu nkyekyem a edi kan a wɔahyehyɛ no nnidiso nnidiso wɔ 1758 mu, a Jean-Baptiste Lamarck trɛw mu yɛɛ no ​​phyla 14 wɔ 1809. Wɔ 1874 mu no, Ernst Haeckel kyekyɛɛ mmoa ahemman no mu yɛɛ no ​​Metazoa a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa pii (mprempren ɛne Animalia a ɛne no di nsɛ) no Protozoa, mmoawa a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa biako a wɔmfa mmoa bio. Wɔ nnɛyi mmere yi mu no, mmoa a wɔkyekyɛ wɔn mu wɔ abɔde mu no gyina akwan horow a ɛkɔ akyiri te sɛ molecule phylogenetics a etu mpɔn wɔ abusuabɔ a ɛda taxa ahorow ntam a ɛdannan ba no a wɔda no adi mu. Nnipa de mmoa ahorow pii te sɛ aduan (a nam, nufusu, ne nkesua ka ho), nneɛma (te sɛ aboa nhoma ne aboa nhoma), afieboa, ne mmoa a wɔyɛ adwuma a nea wɔde fa nneɛma ka ho di dwuma. Wɔde akraman adi dwuma wɔ abɔmmɔ mu, na wɔde nnomaa a wɔkyere mmoa we nso adi dwuma, bere a na wɔde mmoa a wɔwɔ asase so ne nsu mu pii abɔ abɔmmɔ de adi agoru no. Mmoa a wɔnyɛ nnipa apue wɔ adwinni mu fi teteete na wɔka ho asɛm wɔ anansesɛm ne nyamesom mu. == Etymology ho nsɛm == Asɛmfua "aboa" no fi Latin kasa mu animalis mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ 'ɔwɔ ahome', 'ɔwɔ ɔkra' anaa 'ɔteasefo'.[1] Abɔde a nkwa wom nkyerɛase no ka ahemman Animalia no mufo nyinaa ho.[2] Wɔ kasa mu no, wɔtaa de asɛmfua aboa di dwuma de kyerɛ mmoa a wɔnyɛ nnipa nkutoo.[3][4][5][6] Asɛmfua "metazoa" no fi Tete Hela kasa mu μετα (meta, a wɔde kyerɛ "akyiri yi") ne ζῷᾰ (zōia, dodow kabea a ɛkyerɛ ζῷον zōion "aboa").[7][8] i8kdn0e6cxcxsq956o0r294e8zr6taf Ewiem 0 13622 132646 2022-07-28T18:35:27Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ '''wim''' tebea ho adesua mu no, mununkum yɛ aerosol a ɛyɛ nsu nketenkete a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahwehwɛ a ayɛ nwini, anaa nneɛma nketenkete afoforo a ɛsensɛn okyinnsoromma bi anaa ahunmu a ɛte saa no wim. Nsu anaa nnuru afoforo ahorow betumi ayɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam ne ahwehwɛ no. Wɔ Asase so no, mununkum ba esiane mframa a ɛhyɛ mu ma bere a ɛyɛ nwini kodu ne bosu no mu, anaasɛ bere a enya nsu a ɛdɔɔso (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew) fi baabi a ɛbɛn hɔ ma obosu no kɔ soro kodu baabi a atwa ho ahyia no nti ahoɔhyeɛ. Wohu wɔn wɔ Asase no homosphere a troposphere, stratosphere, ne mesosphere ka ho no mu. Nephology yɛ mununkum ho nyansahu, a wɔyɛ wɔ wim tebea ho adesua mununkum ho adesua baa dwumadibea no mu. Akwan abien na wɔfa so to mununkum din wɔ wɔn homosphere no ntoatoaso ahorow mu, Latin ne common. o2pd6o5lmiu51l0avnhxjxz2q6oci0w 132647 132646 2022-07-28T18:37:24Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ '''wim''' tebea ho adesua mu no, mununkum yɛ aerosol a ɛyɛ nsu nketenkete a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahwehwɛ a ayɛ nwini, anaa nneɛma nketenkete afoforo a ɛsensɛn okyinnsoromma bi anaa ahunmu a ɛte saa no wim. Nsu anaa nnuru afoforo ahorow betumi ayɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam ne ahwehwɛ no. Wɔ Asase so no, mununkum ba esiane mframa a ɛhyɛ mu ma bere a ɛyɛ nwini kodu ne bosu no mu, anaasɛ bere a enya nsu a ɛdɔɔso (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew) fi baabi a ɛbɛn hɔ ma obosu no kɔ soro kodu baabi a atwa ho ahyia no nti ahoɔhyeɛ. Wohu wɔn wɔ Asase no homosphere a troposphere, stratosphere, ne mesosphere ka ho no mu. Nephology yɛ mununkum ho nyansahu, a wɔyɛ wɔ wim tebea ho adesua mununkum ho adesua baa dwumadibea no mu. Akwan abien na wɔfa so to mununkum din wɔ wɔn homosphere no ntoatoaso ahorow mu, Latin ne common. genus ahorow a ɛwɔ troposphere, wim fã a ɛbɛn Asase ani sen biara no, wɔ Latin din ahorow esiane Luke Howard din a wɔde too gua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa wɔ 1802 mu no toom wɔ amansan nyinaa mu nti. Ɛbɛyɛɛ nnɛyi amanaman ntam nhyehyɛe bi a ɛkyekyɛ mununkum mu yɛ no honam fam nneɛma anum a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu bio anaasɛ wɔakyekyɛ mu ayɛ no mmeae a ɛkorɔn de anya mmusua atitiriw du. Mununkum ahorow a ɛyɛ ananmusifo titiriw ma saa ahorow yi mu biara ne stratiform, cumuliform, stratocumuliform, cumulonimbiform, ne cirriform. Mununkum a ɛba fam no nni nsɛmfua a wɔde di kan a ɛfa sorokɔ ho biara. Nanso wɔde mfinimfini gyinabea stratiform ne stratocumuliform ahorow no ma prefix alto- bere a high-level variants a ɛwɔ saa nsusuwii abien koro yi ara mu no kura prefix cirro-. Wɔ nsɛm abien no nyinaa mu no, wɔtow strato- fi ɔkwan a etwa to no so na wɔakwati sɛ wɔde nkyerɛwde abien bedi dwuma. Genus ahorow a ɛwɔ vertical extent a ɛdɔɔso a ebetumi agye bɛboro level biako no nkura prefixes biara a ɛfa ɔsorokɔ ho. Wɔkyekyɛ wɔn mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so sɛ nea ɛwɔ fam anaa mfinimfini a egyina sorokɔ a emu biara fi ase no so, na wɔsan nso kyerɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so kɛse sɛ ɛwɔ ɔfã pii anaasɛ ɛda hɔ. Wobetumi akyekyɛ abusua du a wonya fi saa kwan yi so no mu dodow no ara mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow na wɔasan akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow. Wɔde edin a wɔtaa de frɛ mununkum a ɛyɛ stratiform a ɛba fam yiye a ɛtrɛw kɔ Asase ani no fog ne mist, nanso enni Latin din biara. Wɔ stratosphere ne mesosphere mu no, mununkum wɔ din a wɔtaa de frɛ wɔn ahorow atitiriw no. Ebia wobenya nkatanim anaa ntama a ɛte sɛ nsensanee, wisps a ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa, anaasɛ nsensanee anaa asorɔkye a ɛte sɛ nsensanee. Wɔntaa nhu wɔn, na wɔn mu dodow no ara wɔ Asase no po so mmeae ahorow. Wɔahu mununkum wɔ okyinnsoromma ne ɔsram afoforo a ɛwɔ Owia Nhyehyɛe no mu ne akyirikyiri no wim. Nanso esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea ɛyɛ hyew nti, wɔtaa de nneɛma afoforo te sɛ methane, ammonia, ne sulphuric acid, ne nsu nso na ɛwom. Tropospheric mununkum betumi anya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ wɔ Asase so. Ebia wɔbɛda hann a efi owia no mu ba a ebetumi aboa ma onwini aba baabi ne bere a mununkum yi ba, anaasɛ wɔbɛkyere asorɔkye mframa a ɛware a ɛsan kɔ soro fi Asase ani a ebetumi ama ɔhyew aba. Mununkum no sorokɔ, sɛnea ɛte, ne ne kɛse ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka Asase ne wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ɛyɛ nwini wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no. Mununkum a ɛba wɔ troposphere no atifi no ho yɛ na dodo na ɛyɛ tratraa dodo sɛ ebenya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso biara. Mununkum ne ade titiriw a wontumi nsi pi wɔ wim tebea ho nkate mu.[3] t7zwzch1ei2r607g30cso2ny2zx1rlb 132648 132647 2022-07-28T18:39:50Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ '''wim''' tebea ho adesua mu no, mununkum yɛ aerosol a ɛyɛ nsu nketenkete a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahwehwɛ a ayɛ nwini, anaa nneɛma nketenkete afoforo a ɛsensɛn okyinnsoromma bi anaa ahunmu a ɛte saa no wim. Nsu anaa nnuru afoforo ahorow betumi ayɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam ne ahwehwɛ no. Wɔ Asase so no, mununkum ba esiane mframa a ɛhyɛ mu ma bere a ɛyɛ nwini kodu ne bosu no mu, anaasɛ bere a enya nsu a ɛdɔɔso (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew) fi baabi a ɛbɛn hɔ ma obosu no kɔ soro kodu baabi a atwa ho ahyia no nti ahoɔhyeɛ. Wohu wɔn wɔ Asase no homosphere a troposphere, stratosphere, ne mesosphere ka ho no mu. Nephology yɛ mununkum ho nyansahu, a wɔyɛ wɔ wim tebea ho adesua mununkum ho adesua baa dwumadibea no mu. Akwan abien na wɔfa so to mununkum din wɔ wɔn homosphere no ntoatoaso ahorow mu, Latin ne common. genus ahorow a ɛwɔ troposphere, wim fã a ɛbɛn Asase ani sen biara no, wɔ Latin din ahorow esiane Luke Howard din a wɔde too gua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa wɔ 1802 mu no toom wɔ amansan nyinaa mu nti. Ɛbɛyɛɛ nnɛyi amanaman ntam nhyehyɛe bi a ɛkyekyɛ mununkum mu yɛ no honam fam nneɛma anum a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu bio anaasɛ wɔakyekyɛ mu ayɛ no mmeae a ɛkorɔn de anya mmusua atitiriw du. Mununkum ahorow a ɛyɛ ananmusifo titiriw ma saa ahorow yi mu biara ne stratiform, cumuliform, stratocumuliform, cumulonimbiform, ne cirriform. Mununkum a ɛba fam no nni nsɛmfua a wɔde di kan a ɛfa sorokɔ ho biara. Nanso wɔde mfinimfini gyinabea stratiform ne stratocumuliform ahorow no ma prefix alto- bere a high-level variants a ɛwɔ saa nsusuwii abien koro yi ara mu no kura prefix cirro-. Wɔ nsɛm abien no nyinaa mu no, wɔtow strato- fi ɔkwan a etwa to no so na wɔakwati sɛ wɔde nkyerɛwde abien bedi dwuma. Genus ahorow a ɛwɔ vertical extent a ɛdɔɔso a ebetumi agye bɛboro level biako no nkura prefixes biara a ɛfa ɔsorokɔ ho. Wɔkyekyɛ wɔn mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so sɛ nea ɛwɔ fam anaa mfinimfini a egyina sorokɔ a emu biara fi ase no so, na wɔsan nso kyerɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so kɛse sɛ ɛwɔ ɔfã pii anaasɛ ɛda hɔ. Wobetumi akyekyɛ abusua du a wonya fi saa kwan yi so no mu dodow no ara mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow na wɔasan akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow. Wɔde edin a wɔtaa de frɛ mununkum a ɛyɛ stratiform a ɛba fam yiye a ɛtrɛw kɔ Asase ani no fog ne mist, nanso enni Latin din biara. Wɔ stratosphere ne mesosphere mu no, mununkum wɔ din a wɔtaa de frɛ wɔn ahorow atitiriw no. Ebia wobenya nkatanim anaa ntama a ɛte sɛ nsensanee, wisps a ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa, anaasɛ nsensanee anaa asorɔkye a ɛte sɛ nsensanee. Wɔntaa nhu wɔn, na wɔn mu dodow no ara wɔ Asase no po so mmeae ahorow. Wɔahu mununkum wɔ okyinnsoromma ne ɔsram afoforo a ɛwɔ Owia Nhyehyɛe no mu ne akyirikyiri no wim. Nanso esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea ɛyɛ hyew nti, wɔtaa de nneɛma afoforo te sɛ methane, ammonia, ne sulphuric acid, ne nsu nso na ɛwom. Tropospheric mununkum betumi anya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ wɔ Asase so. Ebia wɔbɛda hann a efi owia no mu ba a ebetumi aboa ma onwini aba baabi ne bere a mununkum yi ba, anaasɛ wɔbɛkyere asorɔkye mframa a ɛware a ɛsan kɔ soro fi Asase ani a ebetumi ama ɔhyew aba. Mununkum no sorokɔ, sɛnea ɛte, ne ne kɛse ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka Asase ne wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ɛyɛ nwini wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no. Mununkum a ɛba wɔ troposphere no atifi no ho yɛ na dodo na ɛyɛ tratraa dodo sɛ ebenya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso biara. Mununkum ne ade titiriw a wontumi nsi pi wɔ wim tebea ho nkate mu.[3] pon a edi hɔ no trɛw yiye wɔ ne kɛse mu te sɛ mununkum nsusuwso a edi n’akyi no. Nsonsonoe bi wɔ din ahorow no mu wɔ nkyekyem nhyehyɛe a wɔde di dwuma ma troposphere (Latin a ɛyɛ katee gye aerosol ahorow a egyina soro) ne homosphere no dodow a ɛkorɔn (nsɛmfua a wɔtaa de di dwuma, ebinom fi Latin mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ ɔkwan pa so) ntam. Nanso, nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde ama wɔ ha no kyɛ abɔde mu nneɛma ne sorokɔ gyinabea ahorow a wɔakyekyɛm no mu de nya tropospheric genera ahorow 10 no,[4] sum ne nsuyiri a ɛba wɔ soro, ne ahorow atitiriw afoforo pii a ɛwɔ troposphere no atifi. Cumulus abusua no wɔ ahorow anan a ɛkyerɛ ne kɛse a ɛda hɔ a ebetumi aka sorokɔ no. fj8m1klkgxvbg7y69i14k2vzztnhwhs 132649 132648 2022-07-28T18:43:06Z Afriyie34 10662 Me te atwerɛ aka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ '''wim''' tebea ho adesua mu no, mununkum yɛ aerosol a ɛyɛ nsu nketenkete a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahwehwɛ a ayɛ nwini, anaa nneɛma nketenkete afoforo a ɛsensɛn okyinnsoromma bi anaa ahunmu a ɛte saa no wim. Nsu anaa nnuru afoforo ahorow betumi ayɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam ne ahwehwɛ no. Wɔ Asase so no, mununkum ba esiane mframa a ɛhyɛ mu ma bere a ɛyɛ nwini kodu ne bosu no mu, anaasɛ bere a enya nsu a ɛdɔɔso (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew) fi baabi a ɛbɛn hɔ ma obosu no kɔ soro kodu baabi a atwa ho ahyia no nti ahoɔhyeɛ. Wohu wɔn wɔ Asase no homosphere a troposphere, stratosphere, ne mesosphere ka ho no mu. Nephology yɛ mununkum ho nyansahu, a wɔyɛ wɔ wim tebea ho adesua mununkum ho adesua baa dwumadibea no mu. Akwan abien na wɔfa so to mununkum din wɔ wɔn homosphere no ntoatoaso ahorow mu, Latin ne common. genus ahorow a ɛwɔ troposphere, wim fã a ɛbɛn Asase ani sen biara no, wɔ Latin din ahorow esiane Luke Howard din a wɔde too gua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa wɔ 1802 mu no toom wɔ amansan nyinaa mu nti. Ɛbɛyɛɛ nnɛyi amanaman ntam nhyehyɛe bi a ɛkyekyɛ mununkum mu yɛ no honam fam nneɛma anum a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu bio anaasɛ wɔakyekyɛ mu ayɛ no mmeae a ɛkorɔn de anya mmusua atitiriw du. Mununkum ahorow a ɛyɛ ananmusifo titiriw ma saa ahorow yi mu biara ne stratiform, cumuliform, stratocumuliform, cumulonimbiform, ne cirriform. Mununkum a ɛba fam no nni nsɛmfua a wɔde di kan a ɛfa sorokɔ ho biara. Nanso wɔde mfinimfini gyinabea stratiform ne stratocumuliform ahorow no ma prefix alto- bere a high-level variants a ɛwɔ saa nsusuwii abien koro yi ara mu no kura prefix cirro-. Wɔ nsɛm abien no nyinaa mu no, wɔtow strato- fi ɔkwan a etwa to no so na wɔakwati sɛ wɔde nkyerɛwde abien bedi dwuma. Genus ahorow a ɛwɔ vertical extent a ɛdɔɔso a ebetumi agye bɛboro level biako no nkura prefixes biara a ɛfa ɔsorokɔ ho. Wɔkyekyɛ wɔn mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so sɛ nea ɛwɔ fam anaa mfinimfini a egyina sorokɔ a emu biara fi ase no so, na wɔsan nso kyerɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so kɛse sɛ ɛwɔ ɔfã pii anaasɛ ɛda hɔ. Wobetumi akyekyɛ abusua du a wonya fi saa kwan yi so no mu dodow no ara mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow na wɔasan akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow. Wɔde edin a wɔtaa de frɛ mununkum a ɛyɛ stratiform a ɛba fam yiye a ɛtrɛw kɔ Asase ani no fog ne mist, nanso enni Latin din biara. Wɔ stratosphere ne mesosphere mu no, mununkum wɔ din a wɔtaa de frɛ wɔn ahorow atitiriw no. Ebia wobenya nkatanim anaa ntama a ɛte sɛ nsensanee, wisps a ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa, anaasɛ nsensanee anaa asorɔkye a ɛte sɛ nsensanee. Wɔntaa nhu wɔn, na wɔn mu dodow no ara wɔ Asase no po so mmeae ahorow. Wɔahu mununkum wɔ okyinnsoromma ne ɔsram afoforo a ɛwɔ Owia Nhyehyɛe no mu ne akyirikyiri no wim. Nanso esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea ɛyɛ hyew nti, wɔtaa de nneɛma afoforo te sɛ methane, ammonia, ne sulphuric acid, ne nsu nso na ɛwom. Tropospheric mununkum betumi anya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ wɔ Asase so. Ebia wɔbɛda hann a efi owia no mu ba a ebetumi aboa ma onwini aba baabi ne bere a mununkum yi ba, anaasɛ wɔbɛkyere asorɔkye mframa a ɛware a ɛsan kɔ soro fi Asase ani a ebetumi ama ɔhyew aba. Mununkum no sorokɔ, sɛnea ɛte, ne ne kɛse ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka Asase ne wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ɛyɛ nwini wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no. Mununkum a ɛba wɔ troposphere no atifi no ho yɛ na dodo na ɛyɛ tratraa dodo sɛ ebenya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso biara. Mununkum ne ade titiriw a wontumi nsi pi wɔ wim tebea ho nkate mu.[3] == Ɛpono ho asem == Ɛpono ho nsɛm a wɔaka abom lkzbnttdqft6by17gzdt9iyqebj99w4 132652 132649 2022-07-28T18:46:44Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ '''wim''' tebea ho adesua mu no, mununkum yɛ aerosol a ɛyɛ nsu nketenkete a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahwehwɛ a ayɛ nwini, anaa nneɛma nketenkete afoforo a ɛsensɛn okyinnsoromma bi anaa ahunmu a ɛte saa no wim. Nsu anaa nnuru afoforo ahorow betumi ayɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam ne ahwehwɛ no. Wɔ Asase so no, mununkum ba esiane mframa a ɛhyɛ mu ma bere a ɛyɛ nwini kodu ne bosu no mu, anaasɛ bere a enya nsu a ɛdɔɔso (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew) fi baabi a ɛbɛn hɔ ma obosu no kɔ soro kodu baabi a atwa ho ahyia no nti ahoɔhyeɛ. Wohu wɔn wɔ Asase no homosphere a troposphere, stratosphere, ne mesosphere ka ho no mu. Nephology yɛ mununkum ho nyansahu, a wɔyɛ wɔ wim tebea ho adesua mununkum ho adesua baa dwumadibea no mu. Akwan abien na wɔfa so to mununkum din wɔ wɔn homosphere no ntoatoaso ahorow mu, Latin ne common. genus ahorow a ɛwɔ troposphere, wim fã a ɛbɛn Asase ani sen biara no, wɔ Latin din ahorow esiane Luke Howard din a wɔde too gua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa wɔ 1802 mu no toom wɔ amansan nyinaa mu nti. Ɛbɛyɛɛ nnɛyi amanaman ntam nhyehyɛe bi a ɛkyekyɛ mununkum mu yɛ no honam fam nneɛma anum a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu bio anaasɛ wɔakyekyɛ mu ayɛ no mmeae a ɛkorɔn de anya mmusua atitiriw du. Mununkum ahorow a ɛyɛ ananmusifo titiriw ma saa ahorow yi mu biara ne stratiform, cumuliform, stratocumuliform, cumulonimbiform, ne cirriform. Mununkum a ɛba fam no nni nsɛmfua a wɔde di kan a ɛfa sorokɔ ho biara. Nanso wɔde mfinimfini gyinabea stratiform ne stratocumuliform ahorow no ma prefix alto- bere a high-level variants a ɛwɔ saa nsusuwii abien koro yi ara mu no kura prefix cirro-. Wɔ nsɛm abien no nyinaa mu no, wɔtow strato- fi ɔkwan a etwa to no so na wɔakwati sɛ wɔde nkyerɛwde abien bedi dwuma. Genus ahorow a ɛwɔ vertical extent a ɛdɔɔso a ebetumi agye bɛboro level biako no nkura prefixes biara a ɛfa ɔsorokɔ ho. Wɔkyekyɛ wɔn mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so sɛ nea ɛwɔ fam anaa mfinimfini a egyina sorokɔ a emu biara fi ase no so, na wɔsan nso kyerɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so kɛse sɛ ɛwɔ ɔfã pii anaasɛ ɛda hɔ. Wobetumi akyekyɛ abusua du a wonya fi saa kwan yi so no mu dodow no ara mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow na wɔasan akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow. Wɔde edin a wɔtaa de frɛ mununkum a ɛyɛ stratiform a ɛba fam yiye a ɛtrɛw kɔ Asase ani no fog ne mist, nanso enni Latin din biara. Wɔ stratosphere ne mesosphere mu no, mununkum wɔ din a wɔtaa de frɛ wɔn ahorow atitiriw no. Ebia wobenya nkatanim anaa ntama a ɛte sɛ nsensanee, wisps a ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa, anaasɛ nsensanee anaa asorɔkye a ɛte sɛ nsensanee. Wɔntaa nhu wɔn, na wɔn mu dodow no ara wɔ Asase no po so mmeae ahorow. Wɔahu mununkum wɔ okyinnsoromma ne ɔsram afoforo a ɛwɔ Owia Nhyehyɛe no mu ne akyirikyiri no wim. Nanso esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea ɛyɛ hyew nti, wɔtaa de nneɛma afoforo te sɛ methane, ammonia, ne sulphuric acid, ne nsu nso na ɛwom. Tropospheric mununkum betumi anya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ wɔ Asase so. Ebia wɔbɛda hann a efi owia no mu ba a ebetumi aboa ma onwini aba baabi ne bere a mununkum yi ba, anaasɛ wɔbɛkyere asorɔkye mframa a ɛware a ɛsan kɔ soro fi Asase ani a ebetumi ama ɔhyew aba. Mununkum no sorokɔ, sɛnea ɛte, ne ne kɛse ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka Asase ne wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ɛyɛ nwini wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no. Mununkum a ɛba wɔ troposphere no atifi no ho yɛ na dodo na ɛyɛ tratraa dodo sɛ ebenya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso biara. Mununkum ne ade titiriw a wontumi nsi pi wɔ wim tebea ho nkate mu.[3] == Ɛpono ho asɛm == Table a ɛdi akyire no trɛw yiye wɔ scope mu te sɛ cloud template a ɛdi akyire no. Nsonsonoeɛ bi wɔ din ahodoɔ a wɔde frɛ no ntam wɔ nkyekyɛmu nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔde di dwuma ma troposphere (Latin a ɛyɛ den gye sɛ aerosol a ɛgyina soro) ne homosphere a ɛkorɔn (nsɛmfua a wɔtaa de di dwuma, a ebi wɔ hɔ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ ɔkwan pa so a ɛfiri Latin kasa mu). Nanso, nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde ama wɔ ha no kyɛ honam fam nsusuwii ne sorokɔ gyinabea ahorow a wɔde cross-classification di dwuma de nya tropospheric genera 10 no,[4] sum ne nsuyiri a ɛba wɔ sorosoro, ne troposphere ahorow pii a ɛwɔ soro. Cumulus abusua no mu bi ne mmoa ahorow anan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ne kɛse gyina hɔ a ebetumi aka sorokɔ dodow. s5ffv6ywtoq1ubswtlhcf5ywpwccihq 132653 132652 2022-07-28T18:49:59Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho ne paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki Wɔ '''wim''' tebea ho adesua mu no, mununkum yɛ aerosol a ɛyɛ nsu nketenkete a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahwehwɛ a ayɛ nwini, anaa nneɛma nketenkete afoforo a ɛsensɛn okyinnsoromma bi anaa ahunmu a ɛte saa no wim. Nsu anaa nnuru afoforo ahorow betumi ayɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam ne ahwehwɛ no. Wɔ Asase so no, mununkum ba esiane mframa a ɛhyɛ mu ma bere a ɛyɛ nwini kodu ne bosu no mu, anaasɛ bere a enya nsu a ɛdɔɔso (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew) fi baabi a ɛbɛn hɔ ma obosu no kɔ soro kodu baabi a atwa ho ahyia no nti ahoɔhyeɛ. Wohu wɔn wɔ Asase no homosphere a troposphere, stratosphere, ne mesosphere ka ho no mu. Nephology yɛ mununkum ho nyansahu, a wɔyɛ wɔ wim tebea ho adesua mununkum ho adesua baa dwumadibea no mu. Akwan abien na wɔfa so to mununkum din wɔ wɔn homosphere no ntoatoaso ahorow mu, Latin ne common. genus ahorow a ɛwɔ troposphere, wim fã a ɛbɛn Asase ani sen biara no, wɔ Latin din ahorow esiane Luke Howard din a wɔde too gua wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa wɔ 1802 mu no toom wɔ amansan nyinaa mu nti. Ɛbɛyɛɛ nnɛyi amanaman ntam nhyehyɛe bi a ɛkyekyɛ mununkum mu yɛ no honam fam nneɛma anum a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu bio anaasɛ wɔakyekyɛ mu ayɛ no mmeae a ɛkorɔn de anya mmusua atitiriw du. Mununkum ahorow a ɛyɛ ananmusifo titiriw ma saa ahorow yi mu biara ne stratiform, cumuliform, stratocumuliform, cumulonimbiform, ne cirriform. Mununkum a ɛba fam no nni nsɛmfua a wɔde di kan a ɛfa sorokɔ ho biara. Nanso wɔde mfinimfini gyinabea stratiform ne stratocumuliform ahorow no ma prefix alto- bere a high-level variants a ɛwɔ saa nsusuwii abien koro yi ara mu no kura prefix cirro-. Wɔ nsɛm abien no nyinaa mu no, wɔtow strato- fi ɔkwan a etwa to no so na wɔakwati sɛ wɔde nkyerɛwde abien bedi dwuma. Genus ahorow a ɛwɔ vertical extent a ɛdɔɔso a ebetumi agye bɛboro level biako no nkura prefixes biara a ɛfa ɔsorokɔ ho. Wɔkyekyɛ wɔn mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so sɛ nea ɛwɔ fam anaa mfinimfini a egyina sorokɔ a emu biara fi ase no so, na wɔsan nso kyerɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so kɛse sɛ ɛwɔ ɔfã pii anaasɛ ɛda hɔ. Wobetumi akyekyɛ abusua du a wonya fi saa kwan yi so no mu dodow no ara mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow na wɔasan akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no ahorow ahorow. Wɔde edin a wɔtaa de frɛ mununkum a ɛyɛ stratiform a ɛba fam yiye a ɛtrɛw kɔ Asase ani no fog ne mist, nanso enni Latin din biara. Wɔ stratosphere ne mesosphere mu no, mununkum wɔ din a wɔtaa de frɛ wɔn ahorow atitiriw no. Ebia wobenya nkatanim anaa ntama a ɛte sɛ nsensanee, wisps a ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa, anaasɛ nsensanee anaa asorɔkye a ɛte sɛ nsensanee. Wɔntaa nhu wɔn, na wɔn mu dodow no ara wɔ Asase no po so mmeae ahorow. Wɔahu mununkum wɔ okyinnsoromma ne ɔsram afoforo a ɛwɔ Owia Nhyehyɛe no mu ne akyirikyiri no wim. Nanso esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea ɛyɛ hyew nti, wɔtaa de nneɛma afoforo te sɛ methane, ammonia, ne sulphuric acid, ne nsu nso na ɛwom. Tropospheric mununkum betumi anya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ wɔ Asase so. Ebia wɔbɛda hann a efi owia no mu ba a ebetumi aboa ma onwini aba baabi ne bere a mununkum yi ba, anaasɛ wɔbɛkyere asorɔkye mframa a ɛware a ɛsan kɔ soro fi Asase ani a ebetumi ama ɔhyew aba. Mununkum no sorokɔ, sɛnea ɛte, ne ne kɛse ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka Asase ne wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ɛyɛ nwini wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no. Mununkum a ɛba wɔ troposphere no atifi no ho yɛ na dodo na ɛyɛ tratraa dodo sɛ ebenya wim nsakrae so nkɛntɛnso biara. Mununkum ne ade titiriw a wontumi nsi pi wɔ wim tebea ho nkate mu.[3] == Ɛpono ho asɛm == Table a ɛdi akyire no trɛw yiye wɔ scope mu te sɛ cloud template a ɛdi akyire no. Nsonsonoeɛ bi wɔ din ahodoɔ a wɔde frɛ no ntam wɔ nkyekyɛmu nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔde di dwuma ma troposphere (Latin a ɛyɛ den gye sɛ aerosol a ɛgyina soro) ne homosphere a ɛkorɔn (nsɛmfua a wɔtaa de di dwuma, a ebi wɔ hɔ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ ɔkwan pa so a ɛfiri Latin kasa mu). Nanso, nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde ama wɔ ha no kyɛ honam fam nsusuwii ne sorokɔ gyinabea ahorow a wɔde cross-classification di dwuma de nya tropospheric genera 10 no,[4] sum ne nsuyiri a ɛba wɔ sorosoro, ne troposphere ahorow pii a ɛwɔ soro. Cumulus abusua no mu bi ne mmoa ahorow anan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ne kɛse gyina hɔ a ebetumi aka sorokɔ dodow. == Etymology ne abakɔsɛm a ɛfa mununkum nyansahu ne edin == '''Nsɛmfua a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm''' Wobetumi ahu asɛmfua "mununkum" mfiase wɔ Engiresi kasa dedaw mu nsɛmfua clud anaa clod mu, a ɛkyerɛ koko anaa ɔbo kɛse bi. Bɛyɛ afeha a ɛto so 13 mfiase no, wɔde asɛmfua no dii dwuma sɛ kasakoa a ɛkyerɛ osutɔ mununkum, esiane sɛnea ɔbotan kɛse bi ne cumulus heap mununkum no di nsɛ wɔ sɛnea ɛte no mu nti. Bere kɔɔ so no, asɛmfua no a wɔde dii dwuma wɔ kasakoa mu no besii Engiresi Dedaw weolcan a na ɛyɛ asɛmfua ankasa a wɔde gyina hɔ ma mununkum wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so no ananmu.[9][10] '''Aristotle''' Wɔanyɛ tete mununkum ho nhwehwɛmu ahorow no wɔ baabi a ɛyɛ soronko, na mmom wohui sɛ wɔde wim nneɛma afoforo ne abɔde ho nyansahu afoforo mpo kaa ho. Bɛyɛ afe 340 A.Y.B. Nea edi kan no, wɔfrɛɛ osutɔ ne mununkum a osu tɔ fii mu no meteors, a efi Hela asɛmfua meteoros a ɛkyerɛ ‘korɔn wɔ wim’ no mu. Saa asɛmfua no mu na nnɛyi asɛmfua wim tebea ho adesua, mununkum ne wim tebea ho adesua no bae. Ná meteorologica gyina adwene a wotumi hu ne nneɛma a wotumi hu a ɛnyɛ den so, nanso na ɛnyɛ nea mprempren wobu no sɛ nyansahu kwan no so. Ne nyinaa mu no, ɛyɛ adwuma a edi kan a wonim a ɛbɔɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛdi wim tebea ho nsɛmti ahorow pii ho dwuma wɔ nhyehyɛe kwan so, titiriw nsu ho kyinhyia no.[11] 0106yvojnnsqdsi3vlv3jyax7jwsjzg Dwumadini:MMessine19 2 13623 132651 2022-07-28T18:43:55Z MdsShakil 10445 MdsShakil moved page [[Dwumadini:MMessine19]] to [[Dwumadini:LissajousCurve]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/MMessine19|MMessine19]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/LissajousCurve|LissajousCurve]]" wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Dwumadini:LissajousCurve]] lve2mpazr6d2csynulg53b0nlt4bb3f Nsuo 0 13624 132654 2022-07-28T18:53:06Z Afriyie34 10662 Me de atwerɛ ka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nsu''' (nnuru nsusuwii H2O) yɛ nnuru a ɛnyɛ nkwaboaa, ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛnyɛ dɛ, enni hua, na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ enni kɔla, a ɛno ne ade titiriw a ɛwɔ Asase so nsu ne abɔde a nkwa wom a wonim nyinaa mu nsu (a ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ ade a wɔde hyɛ mu[1]) . . Ɛho hia ma nkwa ahorow a wonim nyinaa, ɛwom mpo sɛ ɛmma aduan, ahoɔden, anaasɛ aduannuru nketenkete a ɛwɔ nkwa mu de. Ne nnuru nhyehyɛe, H2O, kyerɛ sɛ ne molecule biara kura oxygen biako ne hydrogen atom abien, a wɔde covalent bonds abɔ mu. Hydrogen atɔm no bata oxygen atom no ho wɔ anim a ɛyɛ 104.45°.[2] "Nsuo" nso yɛ din a wɔde frɛ nsu tebea a ɛwɔ H2O mu wɔ ɔhyew ne nhyɛso a ɛfata mu. in7wxnq9je844mfspj1f74knrho30dq Abaayewa 0 13625 132663 2022-07-28T20:31:11Z AC Krah 10338 Created page with "Abayewa" wikitext text/x-wiki Abayewa 8dvk2tupd8v7ypyy8pgu3i5x6ecb9k5 132664 132663 2022-07-28T20:40:58Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abayewa yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,<ref>Dictionary.com, ''"Girl".'' Retrieved January 2, 2008</ref>na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl</ref> Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso. rkt787aqqjtv71bohdvszcc10w77bkq 132665 132664 2022-07-28T21:04:24Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abayewa yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,<ref name=":0">Dictionary.com, ''"Girl".'' Retrieved January 2, 2008</ref>na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl</ref> Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso. N'abɔseɛ Edin abayewa dii kan pii wɔ Middle ages wɔ 1250 ne 1300CE ntam na ɛfirii Anglo-Saxon din gerle mu ( a wɔtwerɛ no girle anaasɛ girle).<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary'' (1913), ''girl Archived 2009-01-22 at the Wayback Machine'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref>Anglo-Saxon edin gerela kyerɛ ataadeɛ anaa ntadeɛ ho nnoɔma nso bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɔde frɛ no wɔ kwan bi so.<ref name=":0" />Kɔpem 1400 mu na, edin no bɛyɛɛ abɔfra maa ɔbaa anaa barima, na ɛkyerɛ abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa firi 1500 century.<ref>Online Etymology Dictionary, ''girl'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref> Usage for adult women<ref name=":0" /> 8ru88j21w6flzhcq5cjyl2gjh94dhwe 132666 132665 2022-07-28T21:06:08Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abayewa yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,<ref name=":0">Dictionary.com, ''"Girl".'' Retrieved January 2, 2008</ref>na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl</ref> Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso. N'abɔseɛ Edin abayewa dii kan pii wɔ Middle ages wɔ 1250 ne 1300CE ntam na ɛfirii Anglo-Saxon din gerle mu ( a wɔtwerɛ no girle anaasɛ girle).<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary'' (1913), ''girl Archived 2009-01-22 at the Wayback Machine'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref>Anglo-Saxon edin gerela kyerɛ ataadeɛ anaa ntadeɛ ho nnoɔma nso bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɔde frɛ no wɔ kwan bi so.<ref name=":0" />Kɔpem 1400 mu na, edin no bɛyɛɛ abɔfra maa ɔbaa anaa barima, na ɛkyerɛ abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa firi 1500 century.<ref>Online Etymology Dictionary, ''girl'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref> Usage for adult women <ref name=":0" />Ɛtɔ da a wɔde edin abayewa gyina hɔ ma ɔbaa a ɔyɛ panin, ne titire nea ɔsua. Saa edin yi nkyerɛ adebuo wɔ nsɛm a ewie pɛyɛ mu, te sɛ edin abarimaa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde ma panin a ɔyɛ barima. Nti, saa din no yɛnnye ntom. <ref name=":0" />Wɔbɛtumi de afi dwuma sɛ ɔpɛsɛ ɔde yɛ nyiyimu tia mmɔfra a(nhwɛsoɔ, woyɛ abayewa kɛkɛ). Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɛde ma mmaa yɛfa wɔn sɛ ntamgyinafoɔ anaasɛ badwamu ntamgyinafoɔ te sɛ showgirl na sɛ ɛba no sei a yɛmfa no sɛ ne tumi no so ate. Wɔ dabiara nsɛm mu no, edin no wɔ nea ɛfa papa ho, sɛdeɛ ɛwɔ nyinasoɔ wɔ nwom ahodoɔ a agyedin nom. Nnipa pii de di agorɔ (Canada nwontoni Nelly Furtada "Promiscuous Girl") anaa ɛkwan a ɛka mmaa a wadi mfeɛ ahodoɔ bom wɔ nyinasoɔ sɛ wayɛ sɛ abayewa pɛn(America nwontoni Martin a McBride'Thos one's for the Girls"). 8suzxlcuzapps73xpwk2h4ia5publ5y 132667 132666 2022-07-28T21:43:28Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abayewa yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,<ref name=":0">Dictionary.com, ''"Girl".'' Retrieved January 2, 2008</ref>na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl</ref> Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso. N'abɔseɛ Edin abayewa dii kan pii wɔ Middle ages wɔ 1250 ne 1300CE ntam na ɛfirii Anglo-Saxon din gerle mu ( a wɔtwerɛ no girle anaasɛ girle).<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary'' (1913), ''girl Archived 2009-01-22 at the Wayback Machine'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref>Anglo-Saxon edin gerela kyerɛ ataadeɛ anaa ntadeɛ ho nnoɔma nso bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɔde frɛ no wɔ kwan bi so.<ref name=":0" />Kɔpem 1400 mu na, edin no bɛyɛɛ abɔfra maa ɔbaa anaa barima, na ɛkyerɛ abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa firi 1500 century.<ref>Online Etymology Dictionary, ''girl'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref> Usage for adult women <ref name=":0" />Ɛtɔ da a wɔde edin abayewa gyina hɔ ma ɔbaa a ɔyɛ panin, ne titire nea ɔsua. Saa edin yi nkyerɛ adebuo wɔ nsɛm a ewie pɛyɛ mu, te sɛ edin abarimaa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde ma panin a ɔyɛ barima. Nti, saa din no yɛnnye ntom. <ref name=":0" />Wɔbɛtumi de afi dwuma sɛ ɔpɛsɛ ɔde yɛ nyiyimu tia mmɔfra a(nhwɛsoɔ, woyɛ abayewa kɛkɛ). Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɛde ma mmaa yɛfa wɔn sɛ ntamgyinafoɔ anaasɛ badwamu ntamgyinafoɔ te sɛ showgirl na sɛ ɛba no sei a yɛmfa no sɛ ne tumi no so ate. Wɔ dabiara nsɛm mu no, edin no wɔ nea ɛfa papa ho, sɛdeɛ ɛwɔ nyinasoɔ wɔ nwom ahodoɔ a agyedin nom. Nnipa pii de di agorɔ (Canada nwontoni Nelly Furtada "Promiscuous Girl") anaa ɛkwan a ɛka mmaa a wadi mfeɛ ahodoɔ bom wɔ nyinasoɔ sɛ wayɛ sɛ abayewa pɛn(America nwontoni Martin a McBride'Thos one's for the Girls"). Abakɔsɛm Abayewa diberɛ wɔ wiase abakɔsɛm mu no te sɛ mmaa diberɛ wɔ amammerɛ mu. Baabi a mmaa ne mmarima nya diberɛ baako no, mmayewa no ya mfasoɔ firi hɔ. Mmaa Sukuukɔ Mmayewaa nwomasua yɛ adeɛ a ɛho nhia kyɛn mmarima. Wɔ Europe na wɔyi wɔn firi mu kɔpem sɛ baabi a yɛyɛ nnwoma ma atwerɛ terɛ wiase nyinaa. Nnipa baako a ne ho hia a wɔanyi amfirii mu ne Queen Elizabeth I. Wɔ ne nsɛm mu no, na ɔyɛ abɔfra no, na ɛwɔ ahennie diberɛ bi, na n'abrabɔ bɛdaa nsensɛn wɔ amanyɔsɛm mu wɔ ekuomma bi a wɔwɔ tumi wɔ asɛnnibea hɔ. Ɔdii ne maame Anne Boleyn akyire no, wanye Elizabeth antom. Henry VIII bɔɔ ne nwomasua no fuiɛ. Henry VIII kunani baa, Catherine Parr anigyee Elizabeth nsusuiɛ no ho, na ɔgye ne tirimpɔ no tom boa no maa nwomasua a ɛsɔ ani berɛ a Henry wui ko akyire, ɛhyɛɛ aseɛ berɛ a na Elizabeth wɔ mfeɛ nkron.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121116032106/https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-childhood-and-education-of-elizabeth-i/5235.html</ref> Elizabeth kɔɔ sukuu ne mmarima a wɔn diberɛ so no te sɛ aritocrat nnyinaa bɛyɛɛ pɛ, ɔkɔɔ sukuu wɔ Latin, Latin, Greek, Spanish, French, philosophy, history, mathematics ne nnwom. Wɔkyerɛ mu sɛ Elizabeth sukuu papa a ɔkɔɔ no na aboa no ama no adi yie.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/elizabeth_i_01.shtml</ref>Wɔ 18th century mu no, Europeanfoɔ hunuu mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ nwomasua mu, na wɔbuu sukuu ma no kyerɛɛ dɔm na wɔn dɔɔso. Nwomasua a ɛwɔ [[France]] no boa maa mmaa bɛyɛ mmiɛnsa bɛyɛ akragyefoɔ berɛ a French baeɛ no, a na ɛne mmarima fa da nso.<ref>Melton, James Van Horn. (2001). ''The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref> Na nwomasua nyɛ adeɛ a wɔsusu sɛ ɛhia ma mmaa te sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ ma mmarima no, a yɛtete wɔ ma wɔyɛ adwuma pa na wɔmfa mmaa nkɔ ntoasoɔ sukuu wɔ France kɔpem 19th century. Na mmaa nyɛ Baccalaureate diploma wɔ France kɔpem sɛ 1924 mu no ɔsoafoɔ a ɔhwɛ nnwomasua so Léon Bernard de nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ baeɛ. Wɔyii suku firii France kɔpem sɛ sɛ World war II kɔɔ awieɛ. Ɛfiri hɔ, ɔhyɛ nwomasua mmara ama mmayewa sukuukɔ aka n'anim wɔ Europe. Wɔ Europe aman pii mu no, wɔsii mmaa Sukuukɔ ho kwan kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson, ne titire wɔ baabia ɛwɔ soro. Wɔyɛɛ wei berɛ a wɔkyerɛ mmaa ne mmarima nnoɔma a ɛnsɛ, ne titire na mmarima nkoa na ɛkɔ suapɔn, wɔ baabia wɔkyerɛ nsaano nnwuma.Nhwɛsoɔ, engineering sukuu a agyedin bi te sɛ École Polytechnique, annyɛ mmaa kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson.<ref>https://www.polytechnique.edu/en/1958totoday</ref> qgs5vw76gnbnegq3yglgf6kyeppun6a 132668 132667 2022-07-28T21:44:38Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abayewa''' yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,<ref name=":0">Dictionary.com, ''"Girl".'' Retrieved January 2, 2008</ref>na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl</ref> Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso. == N'abɔseɛ == Edin abayewa dii kan pii wɔ Middle ages wɔ 1250 ne 1300CE ntam na ɛfirii Anglo-Saxon din gerle mu ( a wɔtwerɛ no girle anaasɛ girle).<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary'' (1913), ''girl Archived 2009-01-22 at the Wayback Machine'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref>Anglo-Saxon edin gerela kyerɛ ataadeɛ anaa ntadeɛ ho nnoɔma nso bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɔde frɛ no wɔ kwan bi so.<ref name=":0" />Kɔpem 1400 mu na, edin no bɛyɛɛ abɔfra maa ɔbaa anaa barima, na ɛkyerɛ abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa firi 1500 century.<ref>Online Etymology Dictionary, ''girl'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref> == Usage for adult women == <ref name=":0" />Ɛtɔ da a wɔde edin abayewa gyina hɔ ma ɔbaa a ɔyɛ panin, ne titire nea ɔsua. Saa edin yi nkyerɛ adebuo wɔ nsɛm a ewie pɛyɛ mu, te sɛ edin abarimaa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde ma panin a ɔyɛ barima. Nti, saa din no yɛnnye ntom. <ref name=":0" />Wɔbɛtumi de afi dwuma sɛ ɔpɛsɛ ɔde yɛ nyiyimu tia mmɔfra a(nhwɛsoɔ, woyɛ abayewa kɛkɛ). Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɛde ma mmaa yɛfa wɔn sɛ ntamgyinafoɔ anaasɛ badwamu ntamgyinafoɔ te sɛ showgirl na sɛ ɛba no sei a yɛmfa no sɛ ne tumi no so ate. Wɔ dabiara nsɛm mu no, edin no wɔ nea ɛfa papa ho, sɛdeɛ ɛwɔ nyinasoɔ wɔ nwom ahodoɔ a agyedin nom. Nnipa pii de di agorɔ (Canada nwontoni Nelly Furtada "Promiscuous Girl") anaa ɛkwan a ɛka mmaa a wadi mfeɛ ahodoɔ bom wɔ nyinasoɔ sɛ wayɛ sɛ abayewa pɛn(America nwontoni Martin a McBride'Thos one's for the Girls"). == Abakɔsɛm == Abayewa diberɛ wɔ wiase abakɔsɛm mu no te sɛ mmaa diberɛ wɔ amammerɛ mu. Baabi a mmaa ne mmarima nya diberɛ baako no, mmayewa no ya mfasoɔ firi hɔ. == Mmaa Sukuukɔ == Mmayewaa nwomasua yɛ adeɛ a ɛho nhia kyɛn mmarima. Wɔ Europe na wɔyi wɔn firi mu kɔpem sɛ baabi a yɛyɛ nnwoma ma atwerɛ terɛ wiase nyinaa. Nnipa baako a ne ho hia a wɔanyi amfirii mu ne Queen Elizabeth I. Wɔ ne nsɛm mu no, na ɔyɛ abɔfra no, na ɛwɔ ahennie diberɛ bi, na n'abrabɔ bɛdaa nsensɛn wɔ amanyɔsɛm mu wɔ ekuomma bi a wɔwɔ tumi wɔ asɛnnibea hɔ. Ɔdii ne maame Anne Boleyn akyire no, wanye Elizabeth antom. Henry VIII bɔɔ ne nwomasua no fuiɛ. Henry VIII kunani baa, Catherine Parr anigyee Elizabeth nsusuiɛ no ho, na ɔgye ne tirimpɔ no tom boa no maa nwomasua a ɛsɔ ani berɛ a Henry wui ko akyire, ɛhyɛɛ aseɛ berɛ a na Elizabeth wɔ mfeɛ nkron.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121116032106/https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-childhood-and-education-of-elizabeth-i/5235.html</ref> Elizabeth kɔɔ sukuu ne mmarima a wɔn diberɛ so no te sɛ aritocrat nnyinaa bɛyɛɛ pɛ, ɔkɔɔ sukuu wɔ Latin, Latin, Greek, Spanish, French, philosophy, history, mathematics ne nnwom. Wɔkyerɛ mu sɛ Elizabeth sukuu papa a ɔkɔɔ no na aboa no ama no adi yie.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/elizabeth_i_01.shtml</ref>Wɔ 18th century mu no, Europeanfoɔ hunuu mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ nwomasua mu, na wɔbuu sukuu ma no kyerɛɛ dɔm na wɔn dɔɔso. Nwomasua a ɛwɔ [[France]] no boa maa mmaa bɛyɛ mmiɛnsa bɛyɛ akragyefoɔ berɛ a French baeɛ no, a na ɛne mmarima fa da nso.<ref>Melton, James Van Horn. (2001). ''The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref> Na nwomasua nyɛ adeɛ a wɔsusu sɛ ɛhia ma mmaa te sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ ma mmarima no, a yɛtete wɔ ma wɔyɛ adwuma pa na wɔmfa mmaa nkɔ ntoasoɔ sukuu wɔ France kɔpem 19th century. Na mmaa nyɛ Baccalaureate diploma wɔ France kɔpem sɛ 1924 mu no ɔsoafoɔ a ɔhwɛ nnwomasua so Léon Bernard de nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ baeɛ. Wɔyii suku firii France kɔpem sɛ sɛ World war II kɔɔ awieɛ. Ɛfiri hɔ, ɔhyɛ nwomasua mmara ama mmayewa sukuukɔ aka n'anim wɔ Europe. Wɔ Europe aman pii mu no, wɔsii mmaa Sukuukɔ ho kwan kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson, ne titire wɔ baabia ɛwɔ soro. Wɔyɛɛ wei berɛ a wɔkyerɛ mmaa ne mmarima nnoɔma a ɛnsɛ, ne titire na mmarima nkoa na ɛkɔ suapɔn, wɔ baabia wɔkyerɛ nsaano nnwuma.Nhwɛsoɔ, engineering sukuu a agyedin bi te sɛ École Polytechnique, annyɛ mmaa kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson.<ref>https://www.polytechnique.edu/en/1958totoday</ref> == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == rtdeu6f3rvzwldb5bgab53x06fznbho 132669 132668 2022-07-28T21:45:47Z AC Krah 10338 AC Krah moved page [[Abayewa]] to [[Abaayewa]] wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abayewa''' yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,<ref name=":0">Dictionary.com, ''"Girl".'' Retrieved January 2, 2008</ref>na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl</ref> Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso. == N'abɔseɛ == Edin abayewa dii kan pii wɔ Middle ages wɔ 1250 ne 1300CE ntam na ɛfirii Anglo-Saxon din gerle mu ( a wɔtwerɛ no girle anaasɛ girle).<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary'' (1913), ''girl Archived 2009-01-22 at the Wayback Machine'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref>Anglo-Saxon edin gerela kyerɛ ataadeɛ anaa ntadeɛ ho nnoɔma nso bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɔde frɛ no wɔ kwan bi so.<ref name=":0" />Kɔpem 1400 mu na, edin no bɛyɛɛ abɔfra maa ɔbaa anaa barima, na ɛkyerɛ abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa firi 1500 century.<ref>Online Etymology Dictionary, ''girl'', retrieved 2 January 2008</ref> == Usage for adult women == <ref name=":0" />Ɛtɔ da a wɔde edin abayewa gyina hɔ ma ɔbaa a ɔyɛ panin, ne titire nea ɔsua. Saa edin yi nkyerɛ adebuo wɔ nsɛm a ewie pɛyɛ mu, te sɛ edin abarimaa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde ma panin a ɔyɛ barima. Nti, saa din no yɛnnye ntom. <ref name=":0" />Wɔbɛtumi de afi dwuma sɛ ɔpɛsɛ ɔde yɛ nyiyimu tia mmɔfra a(nhwɛsoɔ, woyɛ abayewa kɛkɛ). Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɛde ma mmaa yɛfa wɔn sɛ ntamgyinafoɔ anaasɛ badwamu ntamgyinafoɔ te sɛ showgirl na sɛ ɛba no sei a yɛmfa no sɛ ne tumi no so ate. Wɔ dabiara nsɛm mu no, edin no wɔ nea ɛfa papa ho, sɛdeɛ ɛwɔ nyinasoɔ wɔ nwom ahodoɔ a agyedin nom. Nnipa pii de di agorɔ (Canada nwontoni Nelly Furtada "Promiscuous Girl") anaa ɛkwan a ɛka mmaa a wadi mfeɛ ahodoɔ bom wɔ nyinasoɔ sɛ wayɛ sɛ abayewa pɛn(America nwontoni Martin a McBride'Thos one's for the Girls"). == Abakɔsɛm == Abayewa diberɛ wɔ wiase abakɔsɛm mu no te sɛ mmaa diberɛ wɔ amammerɛ mu. Baabi a mmaa ne mmarima nya diberɛ baako no, mmayewa no ya mfasoɔ firi hɔ. == Mmaa Sukuukɔ == Mmayewaa nwomasua yɛ adeɛ a ɛho nhia kyɛn mmarima. Wɔ Europe na wɔyi wɔn firi mu kɔpem sɛ baabi a yɛyɛ nnwoma ma atwerɛ terɛ wiase nyinaa. Nnipa baako a ne ho hia a wɔanyi amfirii mu ne Queen Elizabeth I. Wɔ ne nsɛm mu no, na ɔyɛ abɔfra no, na ɛwɔ ahennie diberɛ bi, na n'abrabɔ bɛdaa nsensɛn wɔ amanyɔsɛm mu wɔ ekuomma bi a wɔwɔ tumi wɔ asɛnnibea hɔ. Ɔdii ne maame Anne Boleyn akyire no, wanye Elizabeth antom. Henry VIII bɔɔ ne nwomasua no fuiɛ. Henry VIII kunani baa, Catherine Parr anigyee Elizabeth nsusuiɛ no ho, na ɔgye ne tirimpɔ no tom boa no maa nwomasua a ɛsɔ ani berɛ a Henry wui ko akyire, ɛhyɛɛ aseɛ berɛ a na Elizabeth wɔ mfeɛ nkron.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121116032106/https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-childhood-and-education-of-elizabeth-i/5235.html</ref> Elizabeth kɔɔ sukuu ne mmarima a wɔn diberɛ so no te sɛ aritocrat nnyinaa bɛyɛɛ pɛ, ɔkɔɔ sukuu wɔ Latin, Latin, Greek, Spanish, French, philosophy, history, mathematics ne nnwom. Wɔkyerɛ mu sɛ Elizabeth sukuu papa a ɔkɔɔ no na aboa no ama no adi yie.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/elizabeth_i_01.shtml</ref>Wɔ 18th century mu no, Europeanfoɔ hunuu mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ nwomasua mu, na wɔbuu sukuu ma no kyerɛɛ dɔm na wɔn dɔɔso. Nwomasua a ɛwɔ [[France]] no boa maa mmaa bɛyɛ mmiɛnsa bɛyɛ akragyefoɔ berɛ a French baeɛ no, a na ɛne mmarima fa da nso.<ref>Melton, James Van Horn. (2001). ''The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref> Na nwomasua nyɛ adeɛ a wɔsusu sɛ ɛhia ma mmaa te sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ ma mmarima no, a yɛtete wɔ ma wɔyɛ adwuma pa na wɔmfa mmaa nkɔ ntoasoɔ sukuu wɔ France kɔpem 19th century. Na mmaa nyɛ Baccalaureate diploma wɔ France kɔpem sɛ 1924 mu no ɔsoafoɔ a ɔhwɛ nnwomasua so Léon Bernard de nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ baeɛ. Wɔyii suku firii France kɔpem sɛ sɛ World war II kɔɔ awieɛ. Ɛfiri hɔ, ɔhyɛ nwomasua mmara ama mmayewa sukuukɔ aka n'anim wɔ Europe. Wɔ Europe aman pii mu no, wɔsii mmaa Sukuukɔ ho kwan kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson, ne titire wɔ baabia ɛwɔ soro. Wɔyɛɛ wei berɛ a wɔkyerɛ mmaa ne mmarima nnoɔma a ɛnsɛ, ne titire na mmarima nkoa na ɛkɔ suapɔn, wɔ baabia wɔkyerɛ nsaano nnwuma.Nhwɛsoɔ, engineering sukuu a agyedin bi te sɛ École Polytechnique, annyɛ mmaa kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson.<ref>https://www.polytechnique.edu/en/1958totoday</ref> == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == rtdeu6f3rvzwldb5bgab53x06fznbho Abayewa 0 13626 132670 2022-07-28T21:45:47Z AC Krah 10338 AC Krah moved page [[Abayewa]] to [[Abaayewa]] wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Abaayewa]] hmj7sl23e1k75o5uruto78zmxa7bvqq Abɛrimaa 0 13627 132671 2022-07-28T22:05:15Z AC Krah 10338 Created page with "Abɛrima yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔ..." wikitext text/x-wiki Abɛrima yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> fi8nyky244lzs29yz10z40xcrc078nr 132672 132671 2022-07-28T22:10:47Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abɛrima yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> Gender norms<ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref> na0rpzlpy75ixidsr1qdzv9693if6s5 132673 132672 2022-07-28T22:22:08Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abɛrima yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> Gender norms <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Abɛrimaa a wɔn nnipasu no sesa no bɛtumi anya animtia ne awerehosɛm kyɛn wɔn yɔnko, ne awofoɔ a wɔyi wɔn ma. Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, sɛ obi wo babarima a wɔhunu sɛ wadi yie anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkunimdie. Mmarima ne adwumaden iwku7myolu6vpm90ca1wd0p6u6kzziy 132674 132673 2022-07-28T22:24:03Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abɛrima yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> Gender norms <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Abɛrimaa a wɔn nnipasu no sesa no bɛtumi anya animtia ne awerehosɛm kyɛn wɔn yɔnko, ne awofoɔ a wɔyi wɔn ma. <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, sɛ obi wo babarima a wɔhunu sɛ wadi yie anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkunimdie.<ref>https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/08/26/434616512/selecting-boys-over-girls-is-a-trend-in-more-and-more-countries</ref> Mmarima ne adwumaden Mmarima yɛ adwumaden wɔ wiase kyɛn mmaa, ɔpepem aduowɔtwe nwɔtwe a ɛyɛ mmarima ne ɔpepem aduosia nan a ɛyɛ mmaa. Wɔde wɔn hyɛ asaase dwuma, adansie ne sika kɔkɔɔ tuo. Mmarima a wɔwubwɔ adwuma bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe nson wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne mmiɛnsa ne mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nsia ntam wɔ US. <ref>https://www.compassion.com/poverty/child-labor-quick-facts.htm</ref>Wɔma mmarima sua nnoɔma nketenkete, atwerɛ ne nkontabuo na yɛahyɛ wɔn ama wɔayɛ wɔn agya adwuma sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyi sikasɛm haw no bi afiri abusua no so. Wei nti na wɔpɛ mmarima pii kyɛn mmaa wɔ nkuraseɛ a ɛwɔ aman a ɛnni hwee mu no. Wɔ India, ɛda nso, mmɔfra a wɔada wɔn no bi pii no ara yɛ mmaayewa ɛwɔm sɛ wɔhia mmarima kyɛn mmaa.<ref>https://stopchildlabor.org/?p=4504</ref> f445f1fyu2wh8adnx23ip2tmomf306e 132675 132674 2022-07-28T22:43:45Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Abɛrima yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> Dwuma a wɔde di Race <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Abɛrimaa a wɔn nnipasu no sesa no bɛtumi anya animtia ne awerehosɛm kyɛn wɔn yɔnko, ne awofoɔ a wɔyi wɔn ma. <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, sɛ obi wo babarima a wɔhunu sɛ wadi yie anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkunimdie.<ref>https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/08/26/434616512/selecting-boys-over-girls-is-a-trend-in-more-and-more-countries</ref> Mmarima ne adwumaden Mmarima yɛ adwumaden wɔ wiase kyɛn mmaa, ɔpepem aduowɔtwe nwɔtwe a ɛyɛ mmarima ne ɔpepem aduosia nan a ɛyɛ mmaa. Wɔde wɔn hyɛ asaase dwuma, adansie ne sika kɔkɔɔ tuo. Mmarima a wɔwubwɔ adwuma bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe nson wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne mmiɛnsa ne mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nsia ntam wɔ US. <ref>https://www.compassion.com/poverty/child-labor-quick-facts.htm</ref>Wɔma mmarima sua nnoɔma nketenkete, atwerɛ ne nkontabuo na yɛahyɛ wɔn ama wɔayɛ wɔn agya adwuma sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyi sikasɛm haw no bi afiri abusua no so. Wei nti na wɔpɛ mmarima pii kyɛn mmaa wɔ nkuraseɛ a ɛwɔ aman a ɛnni hwee mu no. Wɔ India, ɛda nso, mmɔfra a wɔada wɔn no bi pii no ara yɛ mmaayewa ɛwɔm sɛ wɔhia mmarima kyɛn mmaa.<ref>https://stopchildlabor.org/?p=4504</ref> gui58oedrtx174pjq6t7rn0kqny0xxj 132676 132675 2022-07-28T22:46:49Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abɛrima''' yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> == Dwuma a wɔde di == '''Race''' Wɔ abakɔsɛm mu no, wɔ United States ne South Africa , "Abɛrimaa" nnyɛ edin a wɔde ma efiefoɔ na mmom deɛ yɛde ma abibifoɔ mmarima; edin no kyerɛ obi a ɔnni diberɛ kɛseɛ. Thomas BRANCH, African-American Seventh-day Adventist asɔre dekɔ Nyassaland(Malawi) frɛɛ asuafoɔ a wɔte hɔ no 'mmarimaa":Yɛwɔ ɔkwan baako a yɛfa so de bu yɛ mmarima yi atɛn ma no da nso wɔn a wɔbaa ha a ɛnkyɛ: wɔn a waware yere wɔn nkyɛn na wasi wɔn ara fie, na wɔnyinaa ani aberɛ reyɛ wɔn mfudeɛ. Maka akyerɛ mmarima no sɛ sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔtena ha sua adeɛ a, wɔn a wɔwɔ yere nkɔfa wɔn mmra <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Abɛrimaa a wɔn nnipasu no sesa no bɛtumi anya animtia ne awerehosɛm kyɛn wɔn yɔnko, ne awofoɔ a wɔyi wɔn ma. <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, sɛ obi wo babarima a wɔhunu sɛ wadi yie anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkunimdie.<ref>https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/08/26/434616512/selecting-boys-over-girls-is-a-trend-in-more-and-more-countries</ref> Mmarima ne adwumaden Mmarima yɛ adwumaden wɔ wiase kyɛn mmaa, ɔpepem aduowɔtwe nwɔtwe a ɛyɛ mmarima ne ɔpepem aduosia nan a ɛyɛ mmaa. Wɔde wɔn hyɛ asaase dwuma, adansie ne sika kɔkɔɔ tuo. Mmarima a wɔwubwɔ adwuma bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe nson wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne mmiɛnsa ne mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nsia ntam wɔ US. <ref>https://www.compassion.com/poverty/child-labor-quick-facts.htm</ref>Wɔma mmarima sua nnoɔma nketenkete, atwerɛ ne nkontabuo na yɛahyɛ wɔn ama wɔayɛ wɔn agya adwuma sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyi sikasɛm haw no bi afiri abusua no so. Wei nti na wɔpɛ mmarima pii kyɛn mmaa wɔ nkuraseɛ a ɛwɔ aman a ɛnni hwee mu no. Wɔ India, ɛda nso, mmɔfra a wɔada wɔn no bi pii no ara yɛ mmaayewa ɛwɔm sɛ wɔhia mmarima kyɛn mmaa.<ref>https://stopchildlabor.org/?p=4504</ref> 4yvnhm3v7k6nyyakmga4prdh9ixsxfl 132677 132676 2022-07-28T22:58:28Z AC Krah 10338 /* Dwuma a wɔde di */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abɛrima''' yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> == Dwuma a wɔde di == '''Race''' Wɔ abakɔsɛm mu no, wɔ United States ne South Africa , "Abɛrimaa" nnyɛ edin a wɔde ma efiefoɔ na mmom deɛ yɛde ma abibifoɔ mmarima; edin no kyerɛ obi a ɔnni diberɛ kɛseɛ. Thomas BRANCH, African-American Seventh-day Adventist asɔre dekɔ Nyassaland(Malawi) frɛɛ asuafoɔ a wɔte hɔ no 'mmarimaa":Yɛwɔ ɔkwan baako a yɛfa so de bu yɛ mmarima yi atɛn ma no da nso wɔn a wɔbaa ha a ɛnkyɛ: wɔn a waware yere wɔn nkyɛn na wasi wɔn ara fie, na wɔnyinaa ani aberɛ reyɛ wɔn mfudeɛ. Maka akyerɛ mmarima no sɛ sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔtena ha sua adeɛ a, wɔn a wɔwɔ yere nkɔfa wɔn mmra.<ref>http://docs.adventistarchives.org/docs/RH/RH19070103-V84-01__B.pdf?q=docs/RH/RH19070103-V84-01__B.pdf</ref> Amanyɔfoɔ pii-a New jersey aban Chris christie ne ɛnkane Kentucky congressman George Davis- watwi wɔn anim sɛ wɔfrɛ Bibinii sɛ abarimaa.<ref>http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2008/04/15/understanding-why-you-dont-call-a-black-man-a-boy/</ref> Wɔ dwumadie bi a na wɔrebɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nson boxing bout wɔ Floyd Mayweather Jr ne Vonor McGregor ntam abaso no, wɔakyerɛ no sɛ wɔn sɛ "mmarima, monaa mma me".<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/jul/15/mayweather-accuses-mcgregor-of-racism-and-uses-homophobic-slur</ref> Saa asɛm yi maa atuturubɔfoɔ no a na Mayweather ne Andre Ware ka ho ne wɔn a wɔma nkaebɔ pii bɔɔ McGregor so kɔ sɛ wɔyɛ nyiyimu.<ref name=":0" /> <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Abɛrimaa a wɔn nnipasu no sesa no bɛtumi anya animtia ne awerehosɛm kyɛn wɔn yɔnko, ne awofoɔ a wɔyi wɔn ma. <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, sɛ obi wo babarima a wɔhunu sɛ wadi yie anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkunimdie.<ref name=":0">https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/08/26/434616512/selecting-boys-over-girls-is-a-trend-in-more-and-more-countries</ref> Mmarima ne adwumaden Mmarima yɛ adwumaden wɔ wiase kyɛn mmaa, ɔpepem aduowɔtwe nwɔtwe a ɛyɛ mmarima ne ɔpepem aduosia nan a ɛyɛ mmaa. Wɔde wɔn hyɛ asaase dwuma, adansie ne sika kɔkɔɔ tuo. Mmarima a wɔwubwɔ adwuma bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe nson wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne mmiɛnsa ne mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nsia ntam wɔ US. <ref>https://www.compassion.com/poverty/child-labor-quick-facts.htm</ref>Wɔma mmarima sua nnoɔma nketenkete, atwerɛ ne nkontabuo na yɛahyɛ wɔn ama wɔayɛ wɔn agya adwuma sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyi sikasɛm haw no bi afiri abusua no so. Wei nti na wɔpɛ mmarima pii kyɛn mmaa wɔ nkuraseɛ a ɛwɔ aman a ɛnni hwee mu no. Wɔ India, ɛda nso, mmɔfra a wɔada wɔn no bi pii no ara yɛ mmaayewa ɛwɔm sɛ wɔhia mmarima kyɛn mmaa.<ref>https://stopchildlabor.org/?p=4504</ref> k2oj62yype8nnwjgiityzari1nf37ti 132678 132677 2022-07-28T22:59:14Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abɛrima''' yɛ edin a yɛde ma barima. Wɔde edin no ma abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abɛrima duru ne mpaninfie so a wɔfrɛ barima. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ, n'abɔseɛ ne dwuma a ɛdi. Wɔ ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary'' mu no, abɛrima yɛ " abɔfra a ɔyɛ barima a ɔfiri ne mmɔfrase kɔ ne mpaninfie so".<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boy</ref> Edin Abɛrimaa firi Middle borɔfo kasa obi,blue ("barima, domfo"), a ɛne German din boy sɛ, a wɔfrɛ no East Frisian boo(" Abɛrimaa, barima"( ne west Frisian *bo-ja(nua ketewa),a ɛfiri German abɔseɛ *bo-("nua barima, barima"), ɛfiri proto-Indo-European*bha-,*hat-("agya,nhia barima"). Ɛsane firi Norwe kasa boa(nua barima) ne nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ *bo-bo- , wɔ old Botae bófi, Dutch boef "(wudifoɔ) knave, rogue",German June ("knave, rogue, abɛrima"). Bio, edin no ne Nkoa Anglo-Saxon edin bɛyɛ pɛ.<ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boy&searchmode=none</ref> == Dwuma a wɔde di == '''Race''' Wɔ abakɔsɛm mu no, wɔ United States ne South Africa , "Abɛrimaa" nnyɛ edin a wɔde ma efiefoɔ na mmom deɛ yɛde ma abibifoɔ mmarima; edin no kyerɛ obi a ɔnni diberɛ kɛseɛ. Thomas BRANCH, African-American Seventh-day Adventist asɔre dekɔ Nyassaland(Malawi) frɛɛ asuafoɔ a wɔte hɔ no 'mmarimaa":Yɛwɔ ɔkwan baako a yɛfa so de bu yɛ mmarima yi atɛn ma no da nso wɔn a wɔbaa ha a ɛnkyɛ: wɔn a waware yere wɔn nkyɛn na wasi wɔn ara fie, na wɔnyinaa ani aberɛ reyɛ wɔn mfudeɛ. Maka akyerɛ mmarima no sɛ sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔtena ha sua adeɛ a, wɔn a wɔwɔ yere nkɔfa wɔn mmra.<ref>http://docs.adventistarchives.org/docs/RH/RH19070103-V84-01__B.pdf?q=docs/RH/RH19070103-V84-01__B.pdf</ref> Amanyɔfoɔ pii-a New jersey aban Chris christie ne ɛnkane Kentucky congressman George Davis- watwi wɔn anim sɛ wɔfrɛ Bibinii sɛ abarimaa.<ref>http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2008/04/15/understanding-why-you-dont-call-a-black-man-a-boy/</ref> Wɔ dwumadie bi a na wɔrebɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nson boxing bout wɔ Floyd Mayweather Jr ne Vonor McGregor ntam abaso no, wɔakyerɛ no sɛ wɔn sɛ "mmarima, monaa mma me".<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/jul/15/mayweather-accuses-mcgregor-of-racism-and-uses-homophobic-slur</ref> Saa asɛm yi maa atuturubɔfoɔ no a na Mayweather ne Andre Ware ka ho ne wɔn a wɔma nkaebɔ pii bɔɔ McGregor so kɔ sɛ wɔyɛ nyiyimu.<ref name=":0" /> == Gender norms == <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Abɛrimaa a wɔn nnipasu no sesa no bɛtumi anya animtia ne awerehosɛm kyɛn wɔn yɔnko, ne awofoɔ a wɔyi wɔn ma. <ref>https://www.psypost.org/2019/04/parents-more-uncomfortable-with-gender-nonconforming-behaviors-in-boys-study-finds-53540</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, sɛ obi wo babarima a wɔhunu sɛ wadi yie anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkunimdie.<ref name=":0">https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/08/26/434616512/selecting-boys-over-girls-is-a-trend-in-more-and-more-countries</ref> Mmarima ne adwumaden Mmarima yɛ adwumaden wɔ wiase kyɛn mmaa, ɔpepem aduowɔtwe nwɔtwe a ɛyɛ mmarima ne ɔpepem aduosia nan a ɛyɛ mmaa. Wɔde wɔn hyɛ asaase dwuma, adansie ne sika kɔkɔɔ tuo. Mmarima a wɔwubwɔ adwuma bɛyɛ ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe nson wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne mmiɛnsa ne mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne du nsia ntam wɔ US. <ref>https://www.compassion.com/poverty/child-labor-quick-facts.htm</ref>Wɔma mmarima sua nnoɔma nketenkete, atwerɛ ne nkontabuo na yɛahyɛ wɔn ama wɔayɛ wɔn agya adwuma sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyi sikasɛm haw no bi afiri abusua no so. Wei nti na wɔpɛ mmarima pii kyɛn mmaa wɔ nkuraseɛ a ɛwɔ aman a ɛnni hwee mu no. Wɔ India, ɛda nso, mmɔfra a wɔada wɔn no bi pii no ara yɛ mmaayewa ɛwɔm sɛ wɔhia mmarima kyɛn mmaa.<ref>https://stopchildlabor.org/?p=4504</ref> == Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ == lr80ps1erh1izpbdlf38stacwmim4mj Nua baa 0 13628 132686 2022-07-29T00:15:15Z AC Krah 10338 Created page with "Nua baa yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu == Fictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau..." wikitext text/x-wiki Nua baa yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu == Fictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau === Films[edit] === * ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' (1962) * ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986) * ''Hanging Up'' (2000) * ''Frozen'' (2013) * ''Little Women'' (2019) === Literature[edit] === * Little Women * Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie * ''In Her Shoes'' (2002), novel * ''#Toots'' (2019), novel === Television[edit] === * ''Hope & Faith'', American sitcom * ''Sisters (TV series)'' * ''What I Like About You'', TV series * ''Sister, Sister'', TV series === Games[edit] === * ''Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz'' , Wolfenstein: Youngblood * ''Mileena & Kitana'', Mortal Kombat * ''Kat and Ana, WarioWare'' egxbp548fzyi23enwpz186nfugiohq0 132706 132686 2022-07-29T09:05:33Z AC Krah 10338 /* Fictional works about sisters[edit] */ wikitext text/x-wiki Nua baa yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu == Fictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau === Sini === * ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' (1962) * ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986) * ''Hanging Up'' (2000) * ''Frozen'' (2013) * ''Little Women'' (2019) === Kasadwini === * Little Women * Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie * ''In Her Shoes'' (2002), novel * ''#Toots'' (2019), novel === Tɛlɛvihyin === * ''Hope & Faith'', American sitcom * ''Sisters (TV series)'' * ''What I Like About You'', TV series * ''Sister, Sister'', TV series === Agorɔ === * ''Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz'' , Wolfenstein: Youngblood * ''Mileena & Kitana'', Mortal Kombat * ''Kat and Ana, WarioWare'' bf3p61gdt07m23nnmi169irsnhq56sg 132707 132706 2022-07-29T09:08:51Z AC Krah 10338 /* Fictional works about sisters[edit] */ wikitext text/x-wiki Nua baa yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu. Overview Borɔfo din a yɛde ma nuabaa firi old Botae systir a ɛno ankasa firi Proto-Germanic * swester' a ne mmienu nyinaa nkyerɛase yɛ pɛ, is. nuabaa. Adesua bi ama yɛahunu sɛ nuammaa da ahoɔyaa suban adi kyerɛ wɔn nuanom kyɛn nuammarima. <ref>Volling, B. L.; McElwain, N.L.; Miller, A.L. (2002). "Emotion Regulation in Context: The Jealousy Complex between Young Siblings and its Relations with Child and Family Characteristics". Child Development 73 (2): 581–600.</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, nuammarima na ɛbɔ nuammaa ho ban, ne titire mmarima mpaninfoɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfiri bullies anaa wɔn a wɔpɛ mmaa so. <ref>Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry — Page 67, Wen-Shing Tseng – 2001</ref>Wɔ ɛfa bi mu nso nuabaa nkyerɛase abɛyɛ adeɛ a wɔka a wɔde kyerɛ adidie ka ho. <ref>van der Burghe, Pierre (1987). ''The Ethnic Phenomenon''. p. 27.</ref>Wɔ ne nyiano mu no, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ne nkyerɛaseɛ no nyɛ beberee no nti, atwerɛfoɔ bi pɛ nua ɔyɛ ɔbaa kyɛn nuabaa. <ref>Olshewsky, Thomas (1969). ''Problems in the philosophy of language''. p. 286.</ref>Ɛtɔ da a mmarima a wɔn nuammaa yɛ ntaafoɔ hunu wɔn sɛ wɔnsɛso nua anaasɛ anka wobɛyɛ sɛ wɔn ara, sɛ nka baako yɛ ɔbaa na baako nso yɛ barima. <ref>McCallum, Robyn. "Other Selves: subjectivity and the doppelganger in Australian adolescent fiction. Example of the sister in a sentence "The sisters live in the convent at Lafayette Towers." Writing the Australian child: Texts and contexts in fictions for children (1996): 17–36.</ref>Adesua bi a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Perth Australia hunuu sɛ mmaa a wɔwɔ nuammarima nketewa no yɛ mmarimasɛm, ma wɔn mmabunu a wɔyɛ no firi hɔ ma no boro afe. Wei ama wɔn nuammarima no na ɛyɛ efie nnwuma.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/love-sex-and-babies/201103/do-brothers-stall-their-sisters-sex-lives</ref> == Fictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau === Sini === * ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' (1962) * ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986) * ''Hanging Up'' (2000) * ''Frozen'' (2013) * ''Little Women'' (2019) === Kasadwini === * Little Women * Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie * ''In Her Shoes'' (2002), novel * ''#Toots'' (2019), novel === Tɛlɛvihyin === * ''Hope & Faith'', American sitcom * ''Sisters (TV series)'' * ''What I Like About You'', TV series * ''Sister, Sister'', TV series === Agorɔ === * ''Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz'' , Wolfenstein: Youngblood * ''Mileena & Kitana'', Mortal Kombat * ''Kat and Ana, WarioWare'' 58qmmi7blwr73lox2kdnbojvi4zajfc 132708 132707 2022-07-29T09:26:23Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Nua baa yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu. Overview Borɔfo din a yɛde ma nuabaa firi old Botae systir a ɛno ankasa firi Proto-Germanic * swester' a ne mmienu nyinaa nkyerɛase yɛ pɛ, is. nuabaa. Adesua bi ama yɛahunu sɛ nuammaa da ahoɔyaa suban adi kyerɛ wɔn nuanom kyɛn nuammarima. <ref>Volling, B. L.; McElwain, N.L.; Miller, A.L. (2002). "Emotion Regulation in Context: The Jealousy Complex between Young Siblings and its Relations with Child and Family Characteristics". Child Development 73 (2): 581–600.</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, nuammarima na ɛbɔ nuammaa ho ban, ne titire mmarima mpaninfoɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfiri bullies anaa wɔn a wɔpɛ mmaa so. <ref>Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry — Page 67, Wen-Shing Tseng – 2001</ref>Wɔ ɛfa bi mu nso nuabaa nkyerɛase abɛyɛ adeɛ a wɔka a wɔde kyerɛ adidie ka ho. <ref>van der Burghe, Pierre (1987). ''The Ethnic Phenomenon''. p. 27.</ref>Wɔ ne nyiano mu no, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ne nkyerɛaseɛ no nyɛ beberee no nti, atwerɛfoɔ bi pɛ nua ɔyɛ ɔbaa kyɛn nuabaa. <ref>Olshewsky, Thomas (1969). ''Problems in the philosophy of language''. p. 286.</ref>Ɛtɔ da a mmarima a wɔn nuammaa yɛ ntaafoɔ hunu wɔn sɛ wɔnsɛso nua anaasɛ anka wobɛyɛ sɛ wɔn ara, sɛ nka baako yɛ ɔbaa na baako nso yɛ barima. <ref>McCallum, Robyn. "Other Selves: subjectivity and the doppelganger in Australian adolescent fiction. Example of the sister in a sentence "The sisters live in the convent at Lafayette Towers." Writing the Australian child: Texts and contexts in fictions for children (1996): 17–36.</ref>Adesua bi a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Perth Australia hunuu sɛ mmaa a wɔwɔ nuammarima nketewa no yɛ mmarimasɛm, ma wɔn mmabunu a wɔyɛ no firi hɔ ma no boro afe. Wei ama wɔn nuammarima no na ɛyɛ efie nnwuma.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/love-sex-and-babies/201103/do-brothers-stall-their-sisters-sex-lives</ref> Sororal relationships == ictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau === Sini === * ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' (1962) * ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986) * ''Hanging Up'' (2000) * ''Frozen'' (2013) * ''Little Women'' (2019) === Kasadwini === * Little Women * Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie * ''In Her Shoes'' (2002), novel * ''#Toots'' (2019), novel === Tɛlɛvihyin === * ''Hope & Faith'', American sitcom * ''Sisters (TV series)'' * ''What I Like About You'', TV series * ''Sister, Sister'', TV series === Agorɔ === * ''Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz'' , Wolfenstein: Youngblood * ''Mileena & Kitana'', Mortal Kombat * ''Kat and Ana, WarioWare'' 7vq7qcsfe9filngmalw8o2lx0zzhxfk 132709 132708 2022-07-29T09:33:40Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki Nua baa yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu. Overview Borɔfo din a yɛde ma nuabaa firi old Botae systir a ɛno ankasa firi Proto-Germanic * swester' a ne mmienu nyinaa nkyerɛase yɛ pɛ, is. nuabaa. Adesua bi ama yɛahunu sɛ nuammaa da ahoɔyaa suban adi kyerɛ wɔn nuanom kyɛn nuammarima. <ref>Volling, B. L.; McElwain, N.L.; Miller, A.L. (2002). "Emotion Regulation in Context: The Jealousy Complex between Young Siblings and its Relations with Child and Family Characteristics". Child Development 73 (2): 581–600.</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, nuammarima na ɛbɔ nuammaa ho ban, ne titire mmarima mpaninfoɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfiri bullies anaa wɔn a wɔpɛ mmaa so. <ref>Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry — Page 67, Wen-Shing Tseng – 2001</ref>Wɔ ɛfa bi mu nso nuabaa nkyerɛase abɛyɛ adeɛ a wɔka a wɔde kyerɛ adidie ka ho. <ref>van der Burghe, Pierre (1987). ''The Ethnic Phenomenon''. p. 27.</ref>Wɔ ne nyiano mu no, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ne nkyerɛaseɛ no nyɛ beberee no nti, atwerɛfoɔ bi pɛ nua ɔyɛ ɔbaa kyɛn nuabaa. <ref>Olshewsky, Thomas (1969). ''Problems in the philosophy of language''. p. 286.</ref>Ɛtɔ da a mmarima a wɔn nuammaa yɛ ntaafoɔ hunu wɔn sɛ wɔnsɛso nua anaasɛ anka wobɛyɛ sɛ wɔn ara, sɛ nka baako yɛ ɔbaa na baako nso yɛ barima. <ref>McCallum, Robyn. "Other Selves: subjectivity and the doppelganger in Australian adolescent fiction. Example of the sister in a sentence "The sisters live in the convent at Lafayette Towers." Writing the Australian child: Texts and contexts in fictions for children (1996): 17–36.</ref>Adesua bi a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Perth Australia hunuu sɛ mmaa a wɔwɔ nuammarima nketewa no yɛ mmarimasɛm, ma wɔn mmabunu a wɔyɛ no firi hɔ ma no boro afe. Wei ama wɔn nuammarima no na ɛyɛ efie nnwuma.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/love-sex-and-babies/201103/do-brothers-stall-their-sisters-sex-lives</ref> Sororal relationships Adesua ahodoɔ ama yɛahunu sɛ nuammaa mpaninfoɔ de adwuma ma nketewa no sɛdeɛ a ɛbɛyɛ a wɔn ayɔnkofa bɛyɛ krabɛhwɛ.<ref name=":0">Gender — Page 53, Leanne Franklin – 2012</ref>Nuammaa mpaninfoɔ no ne nketewa no di agorɔ. <ref>Play from Birth to Twelve: Contexts, Perspectives, and Meanings, Doris Bergen 2015</ref>Nua nketewa no da mmoa suban adi sɛ wɔbɛn wɔn nua mpaninfoɔ no paa ara, <ref>Sisters and Brothers — Page 78, Judy Dunn – 1985</ref>na wɔtumi gyina wɔn nua panin no suban bɔne a. <ref>The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Volume 4, Charles B. Nemeroff, 2002 p 1524</ref>nuammarima a wɔwɔ nuabaa a wanyini kyɛn wɔn no tumi da nnoɔma bi adi ne mmarimasɛm kyerɛ nuammaa dodoɔ a wɔwɔ. <ref>Gender Development — Page 300, Lynn S. Liben – 2009</ref>Saa na ɛteɛ ma mmeranteɛ a wɔwɔ nuammaa pii, na wɔyɛ sɛ mmaa, wɔda wei adi berɛ a wɔsua.<ref>Gender Development, Sheri A. Berenbaum, 2013</ref> Mmarima a wɔwɔ nuammaa a wɔsua no da suban bɔne adi kyerɛ wɔn.<ref>Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 26, p 161, 1996</ref> Nuammaa mpaninfoɔ bu tumi fu nketewa no nkyɛn sɛ nketewa no bi bɛfu mpaninfoɔ no. <ref>He & she: how children develop their sex role identity, Wendy Schempp Matthews – 1979 p 162</ref>Nnoɔma a ɛkɔso wɔ nua mpaninfoɔ no ne nketewa no ntam yɛ 'drawing'. <ref name=":0" />Adesua bi nso ahunu ayɔnkofa a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wowɔ nua mpaninfoɔ ne nkɔmmɔ a ɛfa mmaa ne mmarima nkɔmmɔ.<ref>Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Contextual Influences on Adolescent Development, Laurence Steinberg, PhD – 2009 p 61</ref> Nhwehwɛmu bi kyerɛ sɛ mmarima a wɔnni mmaa no wɔn mpenatwee ntumi ngyina.<ref>Leventhal, Gerald S. "Influence of brothers and sisters on sex-role behavior." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 16.3 (1970): 452.</ref> == ictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau === Sini === * ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' (1962) * ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986) * ''Hanging Up'' (2000) * ''Frozen'' (2013) * ''Little Women'' (2019) === Kasadwini === * Little Women * Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie * ''In Her Shoes'' (2002), novel * ''#Toots'' (2019), novel === Tɛlɛvihyin === * ''Hope & Faith'', American sitcom * ''Sisters (TV series)'' * ''What I Like About You'', TV series * ''Sister, Sister'', TV series === Agorɔ === * ''Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz'' , Wolfenstein: Youngblood * ''Mileena & Kitana'', Mortal Kombat * ''Kat and Ana, WarioWare'' ofqhqgys4novx83gd6dzjnao6imt0o0 132710 132709 2022-07-29T09:38:28Z AC Krah 10338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nua baa''' yɛ ɔbaa anaa abayewa a ɔne obi kyɛ awofoɔ baako nea ɛboro saa; nuabaa.<ref>https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sister</ref> Barima deɛ no yɛ nua barima. Ɛwɔm sɛ edin no kyerɛ abusua ayɔnkofa, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛnte saa.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba." (1988): 441–454.</ref> Nuabaa mua yɛ nea ɛdikan wɔ abusua mu. == Tɔfabɔ == Borɔfo din a yɛde ma nuabaa firi old Botae systir a ɛno ankasa firi Proto-Germanic * swester' a ne mmienu nyinaa nkyerɛase yɛ pɛ, is. nuabaa. Adesua bi ama yɛahunu sɛ nuammaa da ahoɔyaa suban adi kyerɛ wɔn nuanom kyɛn nuammarima. <ref>Volling, B. L.; McElwain, N.L.; Miller, A.L. (2002). "Emotion Regulation in Context: The Jealousy Complex between Young Siblings and its Relations with Child and Family Characteristics". Child Development 73 (2): 581–600.</ref>Wɔ amammerɛ bi mu no, nuammarima na ɛbɔ nuammaa ho ban, ne titire mmarima mpaninfoɔ wɔ nsɛm a ɛfiri bullies anaa wɔn a wɔpɛ mmaa so. <ref>Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry — Page 67, Wen-Shing Tseng – 2001</ref>Wɔ ɛfa bi mu nso nuabaa nkyerɛase abɛyɛ adeɛ a wɔka a wɔde kyerɛ adidie ka ho. <ref>van der Burghe, Pierre (1987). ''The Ethnic Phenomenon''. p. 27.</ref>Wɔ ne nyiano mu no, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ne nkyerɛaseɛ no nyɛ beberee no nti, atwerɛfoɔ bi pɛ nua ɔyɛ ɔbaa kyɛn nuabaa. <ref>Olshewsky, Thomas (1969). ''Problems in the philosophy of language''. p. 286.</ref>Ɛtɔ da a mmarima a wɔn nuammaa yɛ ntaafoɔ hunu wɔn sɛ wɔnsɛso nua anaasɛ anka wobɛyɛ sɛ wɔn ara, sɛ nka baako yɛ ɔbaa na baako nso yɛ barima. <ref>McCallum, Robyn. "Other Selves: subjectivity and the doppelganger in Australian adolescent fiction. Example of the sister in a sentence "The sisters live in the convent at Lafayette Towers." Writing the Australian child: Texts and contexts in fictions for children (1996): 17–36.</ref>Adesua bi a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Perth Australia hunuu sɛ mmaa a wɔwɔ nuammarima nketewa no yɛ mmarimasɛm, ma wɔn mmabunu a wɔyɛ no firi hɔ ma no boro afe. Wei ama wɔn nuammarima no na ɛyɛ efie nnwuma.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/love-sex-and-babies/201103/do-brothers-stall-their-sisters-sex-lives</ref> == Sororal relationships == Adesua ahodoɔ ama yɛahunu sɛ nuammaa mpaninfoɔ de adwuma ma nketewa no sɛdeɛ a ɛbɛyɛ a wɔn ayɔnkofa bɛyɛ krabɛhwɛ.<ref name=":0">Gender — Page 53, Leanne Franklin – 2012</ref>Nuammaa mpaninfoɔ no ne nketewa no di agorɔ. <ref>Play from Birth to Twelve: Contexts, Perspectives, and Meanings, Doris Bergen 2015</ref>Nua nketewa no da mmoa suban adi sɛ wɔbɛn wɔn nua mpaninfoɔ no paa ara, <ref>Sisters and Brothers — Page 78, Judy Dunn – 1985</ref>na wɔtumi gyina wɔn nua panin no suban bɔne a. <ref>The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Volume 4, Charles B. Nemeroff, 2002 p 1524</ref>nuammarima a wɔwɔ nuabaa a wanyini kyɛn wɔn no tumi da nnoɔma bi adi ne mmarimasɛm kyerɛ nuammaa dodoɔ a wɔwɔ. <ref>Gender Development — Page 300, Lynn S. Liben – 2009</ref>Saa na ɛteɛ ma mmeranteɛ a wɔwɔ nuammaa pii, na wɔyɛ sɛ mmaa, wɔda wei adi berɛ a wɔsua.<ref>Gender Development, Sheri A. Berenbaum, 2013</ref> Mmarima a wɔwɔ nuammaa a wɔsua no da suban bɔne adi kyerɛ wɔn.<ref>Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 26, p 161, 1996</ref> Nuammaa mpaninfoɔ bu tumi fu nketewa no nkyɛn sɛ nketewa no bi bɛfu mpaninfoɔ no. <ref>He & she: how children develop their sex role identity, Wendy Schempp Matthews – 1979 p 162</ref>Nnoɔma a ɛkɔso wɔ nua mpaninfoɔ no ne nketewa no ntam yɛ 'drawing'. <ref name=":0" />Adesua bi nso ahunu ayɔnkofa a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wowɔ nua mpaninfoɔ ne nkɔmmɔ a ɛfa mmaa ne mmarima nkɔmmɔ.<ref>Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Contextual Influences on Adolescent Development, Laurence Steinberg, PhD – 2009 p 61</ref> Nhwehwɛmu bi kyerɛ sɛ mmarima a wɔnni mmaa no wɔn mpenatwee ntumi ngyina.<ref>Leventhal, Gerald S. "Influence of brothers and sisters on sex-role behavior." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 16.3 (1970): 452.</ref> == Fictional works about sisters[edit] == ''Two Sisters'' by William-Adolphe Bouguereau === Sini === * ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' (1962) * ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (1986) * ''Hanging Up'' (2000) * ''Frozen'' (2013) * ''Little Women'' (2019) === Kasadwini === * Little Women * Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie * ''In Her Shoes'' (2002), novel * ''#Toots'' (2019), novel === Tɛlɛvihyin === * ''Hope & Faith'', American sitcom * ''Sisters (TV series)'' * ''What I Like About You'', TV series * ''Sister, Sister'', TV series === Agorɔ === * ''Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz'' , Wolfenstein: Youngblood * ''Mileena & Kitana'', Mortal Kombat * ''Kat and Ana, WarioWare'' 9uqts2xairql49qxvsmen1sakwd7qlx Agyanka 0 13629 132697 2022-07-29T05:11:00Z Nana Sintim 11223 I created the link wikitext text/x-wiki An '''orphan''' (from the [[Greek language|Greek]]: ορφανός, <small>[[Romanization of Greek|romanized]]:</small> orphanós) is a child whose parents have died. nnw0inwgi425w5rev4t82tm4q74pvik 132698 132697 2022-07-29T05:13:04Z Nana Sintim 11223 Mede atwerɛ no bi aka ho wikitext text/x-wiki An '''orphan''' (from the [[Greek language|Greek]]: ορφανός, <small>[[Romanization of Greek|romanized]]:</small> orphanós) is a child whose parents have died. In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan. When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e. if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition). == Definitions == Orphan on mother's grave by [[Uroš Predić]] in 1888. Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans. One legal definition used in the [[United States]] is a [[Minor (law)|minor]]<nowiki/>bereft through "death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents". In the common use, an orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for them. However, the [[United Nations Children's Fund]] (UNICEF), [[Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS]](UNAIDS), and other groups label any child who has lost one parent as an orphan. In this approach, a maternal orphan is a child whose mother has died, a paternal orphan is a child whose father has died, and a double orphan is a child/teen/infant who has lost both parents. This contrasts with the older use of half-orphan to describe children who had lost only one parent. == Populations == An Afghan girl at a [[Kabul|Kabul, Afghanistan]]<nowiki/>orphanage in January 2002 Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries, because most children can expect both of their parents to survive their childhood. Much higher numbers of orphans exist in war-torn nations such as [[Afghanistan]]. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Continent !Number of orphans (1000s) !Orphans as percentage of all children |- |Africa |34,294 |11.9% |- |Asia |65,504 |6.5% |- |Latin America & Caribbean |8,166 |7.4% |- |Total |107,964 |7.6% |} {| class="wikitable" !Country !Orphans as % of all children !AIDS orphans as % of orphans !Total orphans !Total orphans (AIDS related) !Maternal (total) !Maternal (AIDS related) !Paternal (total) !Paternal (AIDS related) !Double (total) !Double (AIDS related) |- |[[Botswana]](1990) |5.9 |3.0 |34,000 |1,000 |14,000 |< 100 |23,000 |1,000 |2,000 |< 100 |- |Botswana (1995) |8.3 |33.7 |55,000 |18,000 |19,000 |7,000 |37,000 |13,000 |5,000 |3,000 |- |Botswana (2001) |15.1 |70.5 |98,000 |69,000 |69,000 |58,000 |91,000 |69,000 |62,000 |61,000 |- |[[Lesotho]](1990) |10.6 |2.9 |73,000 |< 100 |31,000 |< 100 |49,000 |< 100 |8,000 |< 100 |- |Lesotho (1995) |10.3 |5.5 |77,000 |4,000 |31,000 |1,000 |52,000 |4,000 |7,000 |1,000 |- |Lesotho (2001) |17.0 |53.5 |137,000 |73,000 |66,000 |38,000 |108,000 |63,000 |37,000 |32,000 |- |[[Malawi]](1990) |11.8 |5.7 |524,000 |30,000 |233,000 |11,000 |346,000 |23,000 |55,000 |6,000 |- |Malawi (1995) |14.2 |24.6 |664,000 |163,000 |305,000 |78,000 |442,000 |115,000 |83,000 |41,000 |- |Malawi (2001) |17.5 |49.9 |937,000 |468,000 |506,000 |282,000 |624,000 |315,000 |194,000 |159,000 |- |[[Uganda]](1990) |12.2 |17.4 |1,015,000 |177,000 |437,000 |72,000 |700,000 |138,000 |122,000 |44,000 |- |Uganda (1995) |14.9 |42.4 |1,456,000 |617,000 |720,000 |341,000 |1,019,000 |450,000 |282,000 |211,000 |- |Uganda (2001) |14.6 |51.1 |1,731,000 |884,000 |902,000 |517,000 |1,144,000 |581,000 |315,000 |257,000 |} * 2001 figures from 2002 UNICEF/UNAIDS report * '''[[People's Republic of China|China]]''': A survey conducted by the [[Ministry of Civil Affairs]] in 2005 showed that China has about 573,000 orphans below 18 years old. * '''[[Russia]]''': According to Russian reports from 2002 cited in the New York Times, 650,000 children are housed in orphanages. They are released at age 16, and 40% become homeless, while 30% become criminals or commit [[suicide]]. * [[Street children in Latin America|Latin America]]: Street children have a major presence in Latin America; some estimate that there are as many as 40 million street children in Latin America. Although not all street children are orphans, all street children work and many do not have significant family support. * '''[[United States]]''': About 2 million children in the United States (or about 2.7 percent of children) have a deceased mother or father. About 100,000 children have lost both parents. nbsurlgaco1l15ecbftd03kv2w1wchf