Wikipedia twwiki https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratafa_Titiriw MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.23 first-letter Media Soronko Nkitahode Dwumadini Dwumadini nkitahode Wikipedia Wikipedia nkitahode File File nkitahode MediaWiki MediaWiki nkitahode Nhwɛsoɔ Nhwɛsoɔ nkitahode Mmoa Mmoa nkitahode Nkyekyεmu Nkyekyεmu nkitahode TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk 0 3805 133151 95175 2022-08-05T01:38:39Z InternetArchiveBot 10377 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} [[File:Arch Marcus Aurelius.jpeg|right|thumb|300px]] '''Tripoli'''({{Audio|tw-Tripoli.ogg|pronounciation of "Tripoli"}}) (طرابلس‎‎) yɛ kuro titiriw a ɛwɔ [[Libya]]. Ɛno ne ɔman no Ahenkro ne afei kurow a ɛso paa wɔ Libya man no mu. Wɔ afe 2019 mu no, na nnipa a wɔwɔ kurow nom dodow yɛ ɔpepepem baako ne akyire.<ref name=":0">https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/21782/tripoli/population</ref> Wobɛhu saa kurow yi wɔ Libya atifi fam wɔ anweatam no n'ano.<ref><nowiki>https://www.whereig.com//libya/where-is-tripoli.html</nowiki></ref> Nneɛma atitiriw a wobɛhu wɔ hɔ no bi nye Tripoli Po so Hyɛn gyinabea, ɔman no mfir dwuma bea a ɛso paa wɔ ɔman no mu, [[:en:University_of_Tripoli|Tripoli Suapɔn]] ne beaɛ a [[:en:Bab_al-Azizia|Bab al-Azizia asraafo fie]] wɔ. Afei nso hɔm na wɔn manpanyin dada [[:en:Muammar_Gaddafi|Muammar Al-Gaddafi]] n'abusua fie wɔ na asraafo fie hɔ na na ɔte bu ɔman no. Nkurɔfo a wɔtee Tripoli man yi wɔ [[:en:7th_century_BC|Sɛntri 7 BC]] mu no din de Phoenicians, na akyiri wode maa [[:en:Tifinagh#Origins|Libyco-Berber]](Tete Libyafo) no ansa na ɛrebedi Greekfo nsam.<ref>[https://phdessay.c https://phdessay.com/history-colonization-libya-itsindependence/]</ref> Esiane kurow sɛ kurow no wɔ abakɔsɛm pii nti, wɔwɔ nhomakroabea ne abakɔsɛm mbeaɛ pii wɔ mu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=tourist-attractions-of-libya/#:~:text=The%20first%20site%20that%20most%20tourists%20visit%20while,occupies%20the%20east%20quadrant%20of%20the%20old%20city. |url=http://www.libyan-tourism.org/ |access-date=2022-02-03 |archive-date=2022-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123234742/http://www.libyan-tourism.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>Wɔnyaa edin Tripoli no fii Greek kasa mu a ɔkyerɛ nkurow mmieɛnsa.<ref>[https://afrolegends.com/tag https://afrolegends.com/tag/meaning-of-tripoli/]</ref> === Tripoli Abakɔsɛm === Phoenicianfo na wɔtee kurow no na wɔmaa no edin [[:en:Tifinagh#Origins|Libyco-Berber]] esiane sɛ na wodwen sɛ na saa beaɛ no yɛ kurow dada bi a na wɔfrɛ no [[:en:Berbers|Berber]] ananmu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=https://www.tripolives.com/english/about-tripoli#:~:text=The%20Phoenicians%20founded%20Tripoli.%20It%20originally%20comprised%20three,Island%2C%20hence%20the%20name%20“Tripolis”%2C%20meaning%20“triple%20city”. |url=https://www.tripolives.com/ |access-date=2022-02-03 |archive-date=2022-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203140329/https://www.tripolives.com/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Nea ɛmaa saa nkorɔfo yi ani gyee beaɛ no nye Ɛpo sohyɛn gyina bea a na wobenya ne ahobanbɔ a na ɛwɔ hɔ esiane asaase no yɛbea ne nsu a na atwa wɔn ho akyia na ɛbɛma wɔahu wɔn Atanfo koraa ansa na woadu hɔ no maa wosoɛ hɔ.<ref>[https://www.weather-forecast.com/ https://www.weather-forecast.com/locationmaps/Tripoli-1.12.gif]</ref> Ɛkyiri wɔde kurow no hyeɛ [[:en:Greeks|Greek]] nkorɔfo nsa nanso ankyɛ na wɔde maa [[:en:Carthaginians|Carthaginians]] fo no. [[Category:Kuro]] [[Category:Libya]] == Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa fii == <references /> <references /> <references /> {{Stub}} qynu8jl2wa3qx6xq7xplpcrmxzoxg75 0 12401 133158 126639 2022-08-05T08:01:52Z Nana Sintim 11223 Mede atwerɛ no bi aka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Apowmuden''', sɛnea Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no kyerɛ no, yɛ "tebea a nipadua, adwene ne asetra mu yiyedi koraa wom na ɛnyɛ yare ne mmerɛwyɛ a enni hɔ ara kwa". Wɔde nkyerɛase ahorow adi dwuma wɔ atirimpɔw ahorow ho bere tenten. Wobetumi ama akwahosan anya nkɔso denam dwumadi ahorow a ɛma ahoɔden, te sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa ne nna a ɛfata a wɔbɛhyɛ ho nkuran, ne dwumadi anaa tebea horow a ɛnyɛ papa te sɛ sigaretnom anaa adwennwen a ɛboro so a wɔbɛtew so anaasɛ wɔbɛkwati so. Nneɛma bi a ɛka akwahosan no fi ankorankoro paw, te sɛ sɛ ebia wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ suban a asiane kɛse wom mu, bere a afoforo nso fi nhyehyɛe mu nneɛma te sɛ sɛ ebia wɔahyehyɛ ɔmanfo no wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛbɛma ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ den ama nkurɔfo sɛ wobenya akwahosan ho nnwuma a ɛho hia. Nanso, nneɛma afoforo boro ankorankoro ne kuw nyinaa paw so, te sɛ awosu mu ɔhaw ahorow. == History == The meaning of health has evolved over time. In keeping with the [[Biomedical model|biomedical]]<nowiki/>perspective, early definitions of health focused on the theme of the body's ability to function; health was seen as a state of normal function that could be disrupted from time to time by [[disease]]. An example of such a definition of health is: "a state characterized by anatomic, physiologic, and psychological integrity; ability to perform personally valued family, work, and community roles; ability to deal with [[Human body|physical]], [[biological]], [[Psychology|psychological]], and [[social stress]]".Then, in 1948, in a radical departure from previous definitions, the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) proposed a definition that aimed higher, linking health to [[well-being]], in terms of "physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity". Although this definition was welcomed by some as being innovative, it was also criticized for being vague and excessively broad and was not construed as measurable. For a long time, it was set aside as an impractical ideal, with most discussions of health returning to the practicality of the biomedical model. Just as there was a shift from viewing disease as a state to thinking of it as a process, the same shift happened in definitions of health. Again, the WHO played a leading role when it fostered the development of the health promotion movement in the 1980s. This brought in a new conception of health, not as a state, but in dynamic terms of resiliency, in other words, as "a resource for living". In 1984, WHO revised the definition of health defined it as "the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities." Thus, health referred to the ability to maintain [[homeostasis]] and recover from adverse events. Mental, intellectual, emotional and social health referred to a person's ability to handle stress, to acquire skills, to maintain relationships, all of which form resources for resiliency and [[independent living]].This opens up many possibilities for health to be taught, strengthened and learned. krtiw71sbuxcy7s25lx43wgfcn4fprb 133159 133158 2022-08-05T08:03:51Z Nana Sintim 11223 Mede atwerɛ no bi aka ho wikitext text/x-wiki '''Apowmuden''', sɛnea Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no kyerɛ no, yɛ "tebea a nipadua, adwene ne asetra mu yiyedi koraa wom na ɛnyɛ yare ne mmerɛwyɛ a enni hɔ ara kwa". Wɔde nkyerɛase ahorow adi dwuma wɔ atirimpɔw ahorow ho bere tenten. Wobetumi ama akwahosan anya nkɔso denam dwumadi ahorow a ɛma ahoɔden, te sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa ne nna a ɛfata a wɔbɛhyɛ ho nkuran, ne dwumadi anaa tebea horow a ɛnyɛ papa te sɛ sigaretnom anaa adwennwen a ɛboro so a wɔbɛtew so anaasɛ wɔbɛkwati so. Nneɛma bi a ɛka akwahosan no fi ankorankoro paw, te sɛ sɛ ebia wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ suban a asiane kɛse wom mu, bere a afoforo nso fi nhyehyɛe mu nneɛma te sɛ sɛ ebia wɔahyehyɛ ɔmanfo no wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛbɛma ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ den ama nkurɔfo sɛ wobenya akwahosan ho nnwuma a ɛho hia. Nanso, nneɛma afoforo boro ankorankoro ne kuw nyinaa paw so, te sɛ awosu mu ɔhaw ahorow. == Occupational == Main article: [[Occupational safety and health]] In addition to [[safety]] risks, many jobs also present risks of disease, illness and other long-term health problems. Among the most common [[occupational diseases]]<nowiki/>are various forms of [[pneumoconiosis]], including [[silicosis]] and [[Coalworker's pneumoconiosis|coal worker's pneumoconiosis (black lung disease)]]. [[Occupational asthma|Asthma]] is another [[respiratory illness]] that many workers are vulnerable to. Workers may also be vulnerable to skin diseases, including [[eczema]], [[dermatitis]], [[urticaria]], [[sunburn]], and [[skin cancer]]. Other occupational diseases of concern include [[carpal tunnel syndrome]] and [[lead poisoning]]. As the number of [[service sector]] jobs has risen in developed countries, more and more jobs have become [[Sedentary lifestyle|sedentary]], presenting a different array of health problems than those associated with [[manufacturing]] and the [[primary sector]]. Contemporary problems, such as the growing rate of [[obesity]] and issues relating to [[Stress (psychological)|stress]] and [[overwork]] in many countries, have further complicated the interaction between work and health. Many governments view occupational health as a social challenge and have formed public organizations to ensure the health and safety of workers. Examples of these include the [[United Kingdom|British]][[Health and Safety Executive]] and in the [[United States]], the [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]], which conducts research on occupational health and safety, and the [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]], which handles regulation and policy relating to worker safety and health. == History == The meaning of health has evolved over time. In keeping with the [[Biomedical model|biomedical]]<nowiki/>perspective, early definitions of health focused on the theme of the body's ability to function; health was seen as a state of normal function that could be disrupted from time to time by [[disease]]. An example of such a definition of health is: "a state characterized by anatomic, physiologic, and psychological integrity; ability to perform personally valued family, work, and community roles; ability to deal with [[Human body|physical]], [[biological]], [[Psychology|psychological]], and [[social stress]]".Then, in 1948, in a radical departure from previous definitions, the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) proposed a definition that aimed higher, linking health to [[well-being]], in terms of "physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity". Although this definition was welcomed by some as being innovative, it was also criticized for being vague and excessively broad and was not construed as measurable. For a long time, it was set aside as an impractical ideal, with most discussions of health returning to the practicality of the biomedical model. Just as there was a shift from viewing disease as a state to thinking of it as a process, the same shift happened in definitions of health. Again, the WHO played a leading role when it fostered the development of the health promotion movement in the 1980s. This brought in a new conception of health, not as a state, but in dynamic terms of resiliency, in other words, as "a resource for living". In 1984, WHO revised the definition of health defined it as "the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities." Thus, health referred to the ability to maintain [[homeostasis]] and recover from adverse events. Mental, intellectual, emotional and social health referred to a person's ability to handle stress, to acquire skills, to maintain relationships, all of which form resources for resiliency and [[independent living]].This opens up many possibilities for health to be taught, strengthened and learned. 3ei6rhv85kra5gr26bie57033ayazug 133160 133159 2022-08-05T08:05:38Z Nana Sintim 11223 I creat reference wikitext text/x-wiki '''Apowmuden''', sɛnea Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no kyerɛ no, yɛ "tebea a nipadua, adwene ne asetra mu yiyedi koraa wom na ɛnyɛ yare ne mmerɛwyɛ a enni hɔ ara kwa". Wɔde nkyerɛase ahorow adi dwuma wɔ atirimpɔw ahorow ho bere tenten. Wobetumi ama akwahosan anya nkɔso denam dwumadi ahorow a ɛma ahoɔden, te sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa ne nna a ɛfata a wɔbɛhyɛ ho nkuran, ne dwumadi anaa tebea horow a ɛnyɛ papa te sɛ sigaretnom anaa adwennwen a ɛboro so a wɔbɛtew so anaasɛ wɔbɛkwati so. Nneɛma bi a ɛka akwahosan no fi ankorankoro paw, te sɛ sɛ ebia wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ suban a asiane kɛse wom mu, bere a afoforo nso fi nhyehyɛe mu nneɛma te sɛ sɛ ebia wɔahyehyɛ ɔmanfo no wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛbɛma ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ den ama nkurɔfo sɛ wobenya akwahosan ho nnwuma a ɛho hia. Nanso, nneɛma afoforo boro ankorankoro ne kuw nyinaa paw so, te sɛ awosu mu ɔhaw ahorow. == Occupational == Main article: [[Occupational safety and health]] In addition to [[safety]] risks, many jobs also present risks of disease, illness and other long-term health problems. Among the most common [[occupational diseases]]<nowiki/>are various forms of [[pneumoconiosis]], including [[silicosis]] and [[Coalworker's pneumoconiosis|coal worker's pneumoconiosis (black lung disease)]]. [[Occupational asthma|Asthma]] is another [[respiratory illness]] that many workers are vulnerable to. Workers may also be vulnerable to skin diseases, including [[eczema]], [[dermatitis]], [[urticaria]], [[sunburn]], and [[skin cancer]]. Other occupational diseases of concern include [[carpal tunnel syndrome]] and [[lead poisoning]]. As the number of [[service sector]] jobs has risen in developed countries, more and more jobs have become [[Sedentary lifestyle|sedentary]], presenting a different array of health problems than those associated with [[manufacturing]] and the [[primary sector]]. Contemporary problems, such as the growing rate of [[obesity]] and issues relating to [[Stress (psychological)|stress]] and [[overwork]] in many countries, have further complicated the interaction between work and health. Many governments view occupational health as a social challenge and have formed public organizations to ensure the health and safety of workers. Examples of these include the [[United Kingdom|British]][[Health and Safety Executive]] and in the [[United States]], the [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]], which conducts research on occupational health and safety, and the [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]], which handles regulation and policy relating to worker safety and health. == History == The meaning of health has evolved over time. In keeping with the [[Biomedical model|biomedical]]<nowiki/>perspective, early definitions of health focused on the theme of the body's ability to function; health was seen as a state of normal function that could be disrupted from time to time by [[disease]]. An example of such a definition of health is: "a state characterized by anatomic, physiologic, and psychological integrity; ability to perform personally valued family, work, and community roles; ability to deal with [[Human body|physical]], [[biological]], [[Psychology|psychological]], and [[social stress]]".Then, in 1948, in a radical departure from previous definitions, the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) proposed a definition that aimed higher, linking health to [[well-being]], in terms of "physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity". Although this definition was welcomed by some as being innovative, it was also criticized for being vague and excessively broad and was not construed as measurable. For a long time, it was set aside as an impractical ideal, with most discussions of health returning to the practicality of the biomedical model. Just as there was a shift from viewing disease as a state to thinking of it as a process, the same shift happened in definitions of health. Again, the WHO played a leading role when it fostered the development of the health promotion movement in the 1980s. This brought in a new conception of health, not as a state, but in dynamic terms of resiliency, in other words, as "a resource for living". In 1984, WHO revised the definition of health defined it as "the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities." Thus, health referred to the ability to maintain [[homeostasis]] and recover from adverse events. Mental, intellectual, emotional and social health referred to a person's ability to handle stress, to acquire skills, to maintain relationships, all of which form resources for resiliency and [[independent living]].This opens up many possibilities for health to be taught, strengthened and learned. == References == # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-WHO%20constitution%201-0|^]]''' [[World Health Organization]]. (2006). Constitution of the World Health Organization – Basic Documents, Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006. # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-2|^]]''' # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-3|^]]''' # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-4|^]]''' # ^ [[Health#cite%20ref-:0%205-0|^'''a''']] [[Health#cite%20ref-:0%205-1|^'''b''']] # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-6|^]]''' # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-7|^]]''' Federal Prevention InitiativesArchived 2016-06-15 at the [[Wayback Machine]]. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-8|^]]''' # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-9|^]]''' History & Development of Healthy People. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-10|^]]''' # '''[[Health#cite%20ref-11|^]]''' "How stressed are you?". Bbc. g90sp5d17bq7w3du35815p97aiecuov 0 13660 133152 133143 2022-08-05T07:42:14Z Nana Sintim 11223 Mede atwerɛ no bi aka ho wikitext text/x-wiki Paneɛ yɛ adeɛ a yɛntumi de twe adeɛ firi biribi mu a biribiara sɔ so. (Ɛwom sɛ abɛɛfo deɛ no ayɛ piston ɛsɔ mu [[denenden]] airi [[Ahomatrofoɔ|ahoma]] abuadeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ankorɛ anaa "barrel"rel.<ref>http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dental+syringe {{cite web|url=https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|title=Disposable Needles & Syringes &#124; Trigiene Dental &#124; Quality Dental Supplies UK|access-date=2017-08-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135451/https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>adeɛ no a ɛsɔ so tumi twe ba [[abɔntene]] na ɛsan tumi twe kɔ ɛmu , ama paneɛ no kwan ama atwe mframa anaa nsuo afa ahoma tokuro no mu be.Paneɛ no beaeɛ a abue no bua ma nsuo no fa paneɛ no mu kɔ gu adeɛ no a ayɛ sɛ [[ankorɛ]] no mu. Paneɛ taa di dwuma wɔ abɛɛfo ayaresabea mu pa ara, a ɛboa ma wɔwɔ [[paneɛ]], wɔde [[nsuo]] asi ayarefoɔ so, wɔde mogya nso fa paneɛ mu na ɛde wɔ ayarefoɔ, na nnoɔma bi te sɛ glue ne lubricants aka ho. Edin paneɛ firi Greekifoɔ kasa mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ σύριγξ (''syrinx'', meaning "Pan flute", "tube") == Medical syringes == {{see also|Hypodermic needle}} [[File:Syringe.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg|thumb|The threads of the [[Luer taper|Luer lock]] tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus.]] [[File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|thumb|Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from metal, nor any other material.]] [[File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|thumb|An antique glass and metal syringe]] Sectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and [[Safety syringe|safety syringes]], injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Syringe Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=June 2013|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154606/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-09-11}}</ref> Hypodermic syringes are used with [[Hypodermic needle|hypodermic needles]] to [[Injection (medicine)|inject]] [[liquid]] or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the [[Human body|body]]. Injecting of [[air]] into a [[blood vessel]] is hazardous, as it may cause an [[air embolism]]; preventing embolisms by removing [[air]] from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the [[bloodstream]]. The [[barrel]] of a syringe is made of [[plastic]] or [[glass]], usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of [[fluid]] in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilized]] in an [[autoclave]]. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/[[piston]] with a [[rubber]] tip to create a seal between the piston and the [[barrel]], where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in [[Europe|European countries]] to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anatomy of the Hypodermic Needle and Syringe|url=https://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_the_anatomy_of_a_hypodermic_needle_and_syringe.php|website=www.exchangesupplies.org|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading [[Blood-borne disease|blood-borne diseases]]. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially [[HIV]] and [[hepatitis]], among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|title=Is it safe to reuse an insulin syringe? - CNN.com|first=Asked by|last=Bethany|website=[[CNN]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710123054/http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|archive-date=2017-07-10}}</ref> In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Medical Supplies Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=July 2014|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224004233/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-02-24}}</ref> Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon. === Tip designs === Syringes come with a number of designs for the area in which the blade locks to the syringe body. Perhaps the most well known of these is the [[Luer lock]], which simply twists the two together. Bodies featuring a small, plain connection are known as slip tips and are useful for when the syringe is being connected to something not featuring a screw lock mechanism. Similar to this is the catheter tip, which is essentially a slip tip but longer and tapered, making it good for pushing into things where there the plastic taper can form a tight seal. These can also be used for rinsing out wounds or large abscesses in veterinary use. There is also an eccentric tip, where the nozzle at the end of the syringe is not in the centre of the syringe but at the side. This causes the blade attached to the syringe to lie almost in line with the walls of the syringe itself and they are used when the blade needs to get very close to parallel with the skin (when injecting into a surface vein or artery for example). === Standard U-100 insulin syringes === [[File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|thumb|Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".]] Syringes for [[insulin]] users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=12060790|title=Making the unit of insulin: standards, clinical work, and industry, 1920–1925|date=2010-12-08|volume=76|issue=2|journal=Bull Hist Med|pages=231–70|author=Sinding C|doi=10.1353/bhm.2002.0097|s2cid=44334307}}</ref> Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has 1000 units. Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features: * shorter needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> as insulin injections are [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]] (under the skin) rather than intramuscular, * finer gauge needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> for less pain, * markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|title=BD Diabetes-Syringe Capacity and Dose Size|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707095615/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|archive-date=2011-07-07}}</ref> * [[Low dead space syringe|low dead space]] to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |'''U-100 Syringe Sizes and Markings''' |- ! colspan="2" |1cc (1 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !100 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 2 units:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> (all but 31 gauge needle) |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit: !Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringe demonstration-their syringes all measure in 1 unit increments|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !50 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Ulti-Care<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|title=Ulti-Care U100 Syringes-Product Information|publisher=Ulti-care.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717150302/http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes demonstration-all syringes with 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD Micro Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> BD Ultra Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> (standard length only) Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes-all products measure in 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> UltiCare<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|title=Comparison of 3/10 cc syringe marks—half unit and whole unit scale-BD|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121135/http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: !BD Ultra Fine II (short)<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref><ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |} {{clear right}} === Multishot needle syringes === There are needle syringes designed to reload from a built-in tank (container) after each injection, so they can make several or many injections on a filling. These are not used much in human medicine because of the risk of cross-infection via the needle. An exception is the personal [[insulin]] [[autoinjector]] used by [[Diabetes|diabetic]] patients and in dual-chambered syringe designs intended to deliver a prefilled saline flush solution after the medication.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=May-Newman K, Matyska MT, Lee MN|title=Design an Preliminary Testing of a Novel Dual-Chambered Syringe|journal=Journal of Medical Devices|volume=5|pages=021003|date=June 2011|issue=2|doi=10.1115/1.4003822}}</ref> === Venom extraction syringes === Venom extraction syringes are different from standard syringes, because they usually do not puncture the wound. The most common types have a plastic nozzle which is placed over the affected area, and then the syringe piston is pulled back, creating a vacuum that allegedly sucks out the venom. Attempts to treat snakebites in this way are specifically advised against, as they are ineffective and can cause additional injury.<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Sean P.|last1=Bush MD|title=Snakebite Suction Devices Don't Remove Venom: They Just Suck|journal=[[Annals of Emergency Medicine]]|volume=43|issue=2|pages=187–188|date=February 2004|url=http://www.doctorross.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/bush-sp-snakebite-suction-devices-suck-emerg-med-clin-n-am.pdf|access-date=2014-12-24|doi=10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.10.031|pmid=14747806|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517093243/http://www.doctorross.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/bush-sp-snakebite-suction-devices-suck-emerg-med-clin-n-am.pdf|archive-date=2013-05-17}}</ref> Syringes of this type are sometimes used for extracting [[human botfly]] larvae from the skin.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Andrea K.|last=Boggild|author2=Jay S. Keystone|author3=Kevin C. Kain|title=Furuncular myiasis: a simple and rapid method for extraction of intact Dermatobia hominis larvae|journal=[[Clinical Infectious Diseases]]|volume=35|issue=3|pages=336–338|date=August 2002|pmid=12115102|doi=10.1086/341493|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Oral === An oral syringe is a [[measuring instrument]] used to accurately measure doses of liquid [[medication]], expressed in [[Millilitre#SI%20prefixes%20applied%20to%20the%20litre|millilitres]](mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal. Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 1–10 mL and larger. The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL and 5 mL.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|title=How to use your oral syringe|work=Netdoctor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104083118/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|archive-date=2011-01-04|date=2012-11-23}}</ref> === Dental syringes === A dental syringe is a used by [[Dentist|dentists]] for the injection of an [[Dental anesthesia|anesthetic]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|title=Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Local) Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729055253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|archive-date=2017-07-29}}</ref> It consists of a [[Breechloader|breech-loading]] syringe fitted with a sealed cartridge containing an anesthetic solution. In 1928, [[Bayer]] Dental developed, coined and produced a sealed cartridge system under the registered trademark Carpule^®. The current trademark owner is [[Heraeus#Heraeus%20Kulzer|Kulzer Dental]] [[GmbH]]. The carpules have long been reserved for [[Anesthesia|anesthetic]] products for dental use. It is practically a bottomless flask. The latter is replaced by an [[elastomer]] plug that can slide in the body of the cartridge. This plug will be pushed by the plunger of the syringe. The neck is closed with a rubber cap. The dentist places the cartridge directly into a [[stainless steel]] syringe, with a double-pointed (single-use) needle. The tip placed on the cartridge side punctures the capsule and the piston will push the product. There is therefore no contact between the product and the ambient air during use. The ancillary tool (generally part of a [[dental engine]]) used to supply water, compressed air or mist (formed by combination of water and compressed air) to the oral cavity for the purpose of irrigation (cleaning debris away from the area the dentist is working on), is also referred to as a dental syringe or a dental irrigation nozzle. A 3-way syringe/nozzle has separate internal channels supplying air, water or a mist created by combining the pressurized air with the waterflow. The syringe tip can be separated from the main body and replaced when necessary. In the UK and Ireland, manually operated hand syringes are used to inject [[lidocaine]] into patients' gums.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Use of safety dental syringes in British and Irish dental schools|first1=J. M.|last1=Zakrzewska|first2=E. C.|last2=Boon|date=23 August 2003|journal=British Dental Journal|volume=195|issue=4|pages=207–209|doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4810445|pmid=12970703|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Cross-infection control: Introducing safety syringes into a UK dental school – a controlled study|first1=J. M.|last1=Zakrzewska|first2=I.|last2=Greenwood|first3=J.|last3=Jackson|date=27 January 2001|journal=British Dental Journal|volume=190|issue=2|pages=88–92|doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4800891|pmid=11213339|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|title=Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Local) Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729055253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|archive-date=2017-07-29}}</ref> === Dose-sparing syringes === [[File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|thumb|A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a Covid-19 vaccine]] A dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] as vaccines were in short supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government orders 65m syringes ahead of potential Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/immunology-and-vaccines/government-orders-65m-syringes-ahead-of-potential-covid-19-vaccine/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.pulsetoday.co.uk}}</ref> === Regulation === In some jurisdictions, the sale or possession of hypodermic syringes may be controlled or prohibited without a prescription,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|title=Children With Diabetes-Prescription Needed or Not?|publisher=Childrenwithdiabetes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214090041/http://childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|archive-date=2010-12-14}}</ref> due to its potential use with illegal [[Intravenous drug|intravenous drugs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|title=Criminal Law and Syringe Disposal in Delaware|access-date=2012-04-03|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330014405/http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|archive-date=2013-03-30}}</ref> Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ {{anchor|Medical syringe}} 2ghhpsdlkoliwetehxow0yzuqxk3ob3 133153 133152 2022-08-05T07:45:28Z Nana Sintim 11223 wikitext text/x-wiki Paneɛ yɛ adeɛ a yɛntumi de twe adeɛ firi biribi mu a biribiara sɔ so. (Ɛwom sɛ abɛɛfo deɛ no ayɛ piston ɛsɔ mu [[denenden]] airi [[Ahomatrofoɔ|ahoma]] abuadeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ankorɛ anaa "barrel"rel.<ref>http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dental+syringe {{cite web|url=https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|title=Disposable Needles & Syringes &#124; Trigiene Dental &#124; Quality Dental Supplies UK|access-date=2017-08-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135451/https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>adeɛ no a ɛsɔ so tumi twe ba [[abɔntene]] na ɛsan tumi twe kɔ ɛmu , ama paneɛ no kwan ama atwe mframa anaa nsuo afa ahoma tokuro no mu be.Paneɛ no beaeɛ a abue no bua ma nsuo no fa paneɛ no mu kɔ gu adeɛ no a ayɛ sɛ [[ankorɛ]] no mu. Paneɛ taa di dwuma wɔ abɛɛfo ayaresabea mu pa ara, a ɛboa ma wɔwɔ [[paneɛ]], wɔde [[nsuo]] asi ayarefoɔ so, wɔde mogya nso fa paneɛ mu na ɛde wɔ ayarefoɔ, na nnoɔma bi te sɛ glue ne lubricants aka ho. Edin paneɛ firi Greekifoɔ kasa mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ σύριγξ (''syrinx'', meaning "Pan flute", "tube") == Medical syringes == {{see also|Hypodermic needle}} [[File:Syringe.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg|thumb|The threads of the [[Luer taper|Luer lock]] tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus.]] [[File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|thumb|Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from metal, nor any other material.]] [[File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|thumb|An antique glass and metal syringe]] Sectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and [[Safety syringe|safety syringes]], injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Syringe Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=June 2013|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154606/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-09-11}}</ref> Hypodermic syringes are used with [[Hypodermic needle|hypodermic needles]] to [[Injection (medicine)|inject]] [[liquid]] or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the [[Human body|body]]. Injecting of [[air]] into a [[blood vessel]] is hazardous, as it may cause an [[air embolism]]; preventing embolisms by removing [[air]] from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the [[bloodstream]]. The [[barrel]] of a syringe is made of [[plastic]] or [[glass]], usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of [[fluid]] in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilized]] in an [[autoclave]]. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/[[piston]] with a [[rubber]] tip to create a seal between the piston and the [[barrel]], where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in [[Europe|European countries]] to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anatomy of the Hypodermic Needle and Syringe|url=https://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_the_anatomy_of_a_hypodermic_needle_and_syringe.php|website=www.exchangesupplies.org|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading [[Blood-borne disease|blood-borne diseases]]. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially [[HIV]] and [[hepatitis]], among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|title=Is it safe to reuse an insulin syringe? - CNN.com|first=Asked by|last=Bethany|website=[[CNN]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710123054/http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|archive-date=2017-07-10}}</ref> In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Medical Supplies Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=July 2014|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224004233/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-02-24}}</ref> Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon. === Tip designs === Syringes come with a number of designs for the area in which the blade locks to the syringe body. Perhaps the most well known of these is the [[Luer lock]], which simply twists the two together. Bodies featuring a small, plain connection are known as slip tips and are useful for when the syringe is being connected to something not featuring a screw lock mechanism. Similar to this is the catheter tip, which is essentially a slip tip but longer and tapered, making it good for pushing into things where there the plastic taper can form a tight seal. These can also be used for rinsing out wounds or large abscesses in veterinary use. There is also an eccentric tip, where the nozzle at the end of the syringe is not in the centre of the syringe but at the side. This causes the blade attached to the syringe to lie almost in line with the walls of the syringe itself and they are used when the blade needs to get very close to parallel with the skin (when injecting into a surface vein or artery for example). === Standard U-100 insulin syringes === [[File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|thumb|Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".]] Syringes for [[insulin]] users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=12060790|title=Making the unit of insulin: standards, clinical work, and industry, 1920–1925|date=2010-12-08|volume=76|issue=2|journal=Bull Hist Med|pages=231–70|author=Sinding C|doi=10.1353/bhm.2002.0097|s2cid=44334307}}</ref> Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has 1000 units. Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features: * shorter needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> as insulin injections are [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]] (under the skin) rather than intramuscular, * finer gauge needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> for less pain, * markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|title=BD Diabetes-Syringe Capacity and Dose Size|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707095615/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|archive-date=2011-07-07}}</ref> * [[Low dead space syringe|low dead space]] to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |'''U-100 Syringe Sizes and Markings''' |- ! colspan="2" |1cc (1 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !100 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 2 units:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> (all but 31 gauge needle) |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit: !Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringe demonstration-their syringes all measure in 1 unit increments|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !50 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Ulti-Care<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|title=Ulti-Care U100 Syringes-Product Information|publisher=Ulti-care.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717150302/http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes demonstration-all syringes with 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD Micro Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> BD Ultra Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> (standard length only) Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes-all products measure in 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> UltiCare<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|title=Comparison of 3/10 cc syringe marks—half unit and whole unit scale-BD|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121135/http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: !BD Ultra Fine II (short)<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref><ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |} {{clear right}} === Venom extraction syringes === Venom extraction syringes are different from standard syringes, because they usually do not puncture the wound. The most common types have a plastic nozzle which is placed over the affected area, and then the syringe piston is pulled back, creating a vacuum that allegedly sucks out the venom. Attempts to treat snakebites in this way are specifically advised against, as they are ineffective and can cause additional injury.<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Sean P.|last1=Bush MD|title=Snakebite Suction Devices Don't Remove Venom: They Just Suck|journal=[[Annals of Emergency Medicine]]|volume=43|issue=2|pages=187–188|date=February 2004|url=http://www.doctorross.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/bush-sp-snakebite-suction-devices-suck-emerg-med-clin-n-am.pdf|access-date=2014-12-24|doi=10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.10.031|pmid=14747806|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517093243/http://www.doctorross.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/bush-sp-snakebite-suction-devices-suck-emerg-med-clin-n-am.pdf|archive-date=2013-05-17}}</ref> Syringes of this type are sometimes used for extracting [[human botfly]] larvae from the skin.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Andrea K.|last=Boggild|author2=Jay S. Keystone|author3=Kevin C. Kain|title=Furuncular myiasis: a simple and rapid method for extraction of intact Dermatobia hominis larvae|journal=[[Clinical Infectious Diseases]]|volume=35|issue=3|pages=336–338|date=August 2002|pmid=12115102|doi=10.1086/341493|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Oral === An oral syringe is a [[measuring instrument]] used to accurately measure doses of liquid [[medication]], expressed in [[Millilitre#SI%20prefixes%20applied%20to%20the%20litre|millilitres]](mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal. Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 1–10 mL and larger. The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL and 5 mL.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|title=How to use your oral syringe|work=Netdoctor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104083118/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|archive-date=2011-01-04|date=2012-11-23}}</ref> === Dental syringes === A dental syringe is a used by [[Dentist|dentists]] for the injection of an [[Dental anesthesia|anesthetic]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|title=Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Local) Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729055253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|archive-date=2017-07-29}}</ref> It consists of a [[Breechloader|breech-loading]] syringe fitted with a sealed cartridge containing an anesthetic solution. In 1928, [[Bayer]] Dental developed, coined and produced a sealed cartridge system under the registered trademark Carpule^®. The current trademark owner is [[Heraeus#Heraeus%20Kulzer|Kulzer Dental]] [[GmbH]]. The carpules have long been reserved for [[Anesthesia|anesthetic]] products for dental use. It is practically a bottomless flask. The latter is replaced by an [[elastomer]] plug that can slide in the body of the cartridge. This plug will be pushed by the plunger of the syringe. The neck is closed with a rubber cap. The dentist places the cartridge directly into a [[stainless steel]] syringe, with a double-pointed (single-use) needle. The tip placed on the cartridge side punctures the capsule and the piston will push the product. There is therefore no contact between the product and the ambient air during use. The ancillary tool (generally part of a [[dental engine]]) used to supply water, compressed air or mist (formed by combination of water and compressed air) to the oral cavity for the purpose of irrigation (cleaning debris away from the area the dentist is working on), is also referred to as a dental syringe or a dental irrigation nozzle. A 3-way syringe/nozzle has separate internal channels supplying air, water or a mist created by combining the pressurized air with the waterflow. The syringe tip can be separated from the main body and replaced when necessary. In the UK and Ireland, manually operated hand syringes are used to inject [[lidocaine]] into patients' gums.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Use of safety dental syringes in British and Irish dental schools|first1=J. M.|last1=Zakrzewska|first2=E. C.|last2=Boon|date=23 August 2003|journal=British Dental Journal|volume=195|issue=4|pages=207–209|doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4810445|pmid=12970703|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Cross-infection control: Introducing safety syringes into a UK dental school – a controlled study|first1=J. M.|last1=Zakrzewska|first2=I.|last2=Greenwood|first3=J.|last3=Jackson|date=27 January 2001|journal=British Dental Journal|volume=190|issue=2|pages=88–92|doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4800891|pmid=11213339|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|title=Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Local) Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729055253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|archive-date=2017-07-29}}</ref> === Dose-sparing syringes === [[File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|thumb|A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a Covid-19 vaccine]] A dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] as vaccines were in short supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government orders 65m syringes ahead of potential Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/immunology-and-vaccines/government-orders-65m-syringes-ahead-of-potential-covid-19-vaccine/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.pulsetoday.co.uk}}</ref> === Regulation === In some jurisdictions, the sale or possession of hypodermic syringes may be controlled or prohibited without a prescription,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|title=Children With Diabetes-Prescription Needed or Not?|publisher=Childrenwithdiabetes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214090041/http://childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|archive-date=2010-12-14}}</ref> due to its potential use with illegal [[Intravenous drug|intravenous drugs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|title=Criminal Law and Syringe Disposal in Delaware|access-date=2012-04-03|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330014405/http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|archive-date=2013-03-30}}</ref> Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ {{anchor|Medical syringe}} 1d8xavtdsnlryks3jxg939ms330csyz 133154 133153 2022-08-05T07:46:39Z Nana Sintim 11223 wikitext text/x-wiki Paneɛ yɛ adeɛ a yɛntumi de twe adeɛ firi biribi mu a biribiara sɔ so. (Ɛwom sɛ abɛɛfo deɛ no ayɛ piston ɛsɔ mu [[denenden]] airi [[Ahomatrofoɔ|ahoma]] abuadeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ankorɛ anaa "barrel"rel.<ref>http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dental+syringe {{cite web|url=https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|title=Disposable Needles & Syringes &#124; Trigiene Dental &#124; Quality Dental Supplies UK|access-date=2017-08-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135451/https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>adeɛ no a ɛsɔ so tumi twe ba [[abɔntene]] na ɛsan tumi twe kɔ ɛmu , ama paneɛ no kwan ama atwe mframa anaa nsuo afa ahoma tokuro no mu be.Paneɛ no beaeɛ a abue no bua ma nsuo no fa paneɛ no mu kɔ gu adeɛ no a ayɛ sɛ [[ankorɛ]] no mu. Paneɛ taa di dwuma wɔ abɛɛfo ayaresabea mu pa ara, a ɛboa ma wɔwɔ [[paneɛ]], wɔde [[nsuo]] asi ayarefoɔ so, wɔde mogya nso fa paneɛ mu na ɛde wɔ ayarefoɔ, na nnoɔma bi te sɛ glue ne lubricants aka ho. Edin paneɛ firi Greekifoɔ kasa mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ σύριγξ (''syrinx'', meaning "Pan flute", "tube") == Medical syringes == {{see also|Hypodermic needle}} [[File:Syringe.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg|thumb|The threads of the [[Luer taper|Luer lock]] tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus.]] [[File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|thumb|Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from metal, nor any other material.]] [[File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|thumb|An antique glass and metal syringe]] Sectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and [[Safety syringe|safety syringes]], injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Syringe Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=June 2013|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154606/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-09-11}}</ref> Hypodermic syringes are used with [[Hypodermic needle|hypodermic needles]] to [[Injection (medicine)|inject]] [[liquid]] or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the [[Human body|body]]. Injecting of [[air]] into a [[blood vessel]] is hazardous, as it may cause an [[air embolism]]; preventing embolisms by removing [[air]] from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the [[bloodstream]]. The [[barrel]] of a syringe is made of [[plastic]] or [[glass]], usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of [[fluid]] in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilized]] in an [[autoclave]]. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/[[piston]] with a [[rubber]] tip to create a seal between the piston and the [[barrel]], where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in [[Europe|European countries]] to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anatomy of the Hypodermic Needle and Syringe|url=https://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_the_anatomy_of_a_hypodermic_needle_and_syringe.php|website=www.exchangesupplies.org|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading [[Blood-borne disease|blood-borne diseases]]. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially [[HIV]] and [[hepatitis]], among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|title=Is it safe to reuse an insulin syringe? - CNN.com|first=Asked by|last=Bethany|website=[[CNN]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710123054/http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|archive-date=2017-07-10}}</ref> In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Medical Supplies Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=July 2014|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224004233/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-02-24}}</ref> Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon. === Tip designs === Syringes come with a number of designs for the area in which the blade locks to the syringe body. Perhaps the most well known of these is the [[Luer lock]], which simply twists the two together. Bodies featuring a small, plain connection are known as slip tips and are useful for when the syringe is being connected to something not featuring a screw lock mechanism. Similar to this is the catheter tip, which is essentially a slip tip but longer and tapered, making it good for pushing into things where there the plastic taper can form a tight seal. These can also be used for rinsing out wounds or large abscesses in veterinary use. There is also an eccentric tip, where the nozzle at the end of the syringe is not in the centre of the syringe but at the side. This causes the blade attached to the syringe to lie almost in line with the walls of the syringe itself and they are used when the blade needs to get very close to parallel with the skin (when injecting into a surface vein or artery for example). === Standard U-100 insulin syringes === [[File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|thumb|Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".]] Syringes for [[insulin]] users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=12060790|title=Making the unit of insulin: standards, clinical work, and industry, 1920–1925|date=2010-12-08|volume=76|issue=2|journal=Bull Hist Med|pages=231–70|author=Sinding C|doi=10.1353/bhm.2002.0097|s2cid=44334307}}</ref> Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has 1000 units. Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features: * shorter needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> as insulin injections are [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]] (under the skin) rather than intramuscular, * finer gauge needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> for less pain, * markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|title=BD Diabetes-Syringe Capacity and Dose Size|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707095615/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|archive-date=2011-07-07}}</ref> * [[Low dead space syringe|low dead space]] to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |'''U-100 Syringe Sizes and Markings''' |- ! colspan="2" |1cc (1 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !100 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 2 units:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> (all but 31 gauge needle) |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit: !Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringe demonstration-their syringes all measure in 1 unit increments|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !50 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Ulti-Care<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|title=Ulti-Care U100 Syringes-Product Information|publisher=Ulti-care.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717150302/http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes demonstration-all syringes with 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD Micro Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> BD Ultra Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> (standard length only) Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes-all products measure in 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> UltiCare<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|title=Comparison of 3/10 cc syringe marks—half unit and whole unit scale-BD|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121135/http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: !BD Ultra Fine II (short)<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref><ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |} {{clear right}} === Oral === An oral syringe is a [[measuring instrument]] used to accurately measure doses of liquid [[medication]], expressed in [[Millilitre#SI%20prefixes%20applied%20to%20the%20litre|millilitres]](mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal. Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 1–10 mL and larger. The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL and 5 mL.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|title=How to use your oral syringe|work=Netdoctor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104083118/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|archive-date=2011-01-04|date=2012-11-23}}</ref> === Dental syringes === A dental syringe is a used by [[Dentist|dentists]] for the injection of an [[Dental anesthesia|anesthetic]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|title=Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Local) Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729055253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|archive-date=2017-07-29}}</ref> It consists of a [[Breechloader|breech-loading]] syringe fitted with a sealed cartridge containing an anesthetic solution. In 1928, [[Bayer]] Dental developed, coined and produced a sealed cartridge system under the registered trademark Carpule^®. The current trademark owner is [[Heraeus#Heraeus%20Kulzer|Kulzer Dental]] [[GmbH]]. The carpules have long been reserved for [[Anesthesia|anesthetic]] products for dental use. It is practically a bottomless flask. The latter is replaced by an [[elastomer]] plug that can slide in the body of the cartridge. This plug will be pushed by the plunger of the syringe. The neck is closed with a rubber cap. The dentist places the cartridge directly into a [[stainless steel]] syringe, with a double-pointed (single-use) needle. The tip placed on the cartridge side punctures the capsule and the piston will push the product. There is therefore no contact between the product and the ambient air during use. The ancillary tool (generally part of a [[dental engine]]) used to supply water, compressed air or mist (formed by combination of water and compressed air) to the oral cavity for the purpose of irrigation (cleaning debris away from the area the dentist is working on), is also referred to as a dental syringe or a dental irrigation nozzle. A 3-way syringe/nozzle has separate internal channels supplying air, water or a mist created by combining the pressurized air with the waterflow. The syringe tip can be separated from the main body and replaced when necessary. In the UK and Ireland, manually operated hand syringes are used to inject [[lidocaine]] into patients' gums.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Use of safety dental syringes in British and Irish dental schools|first1=J. M.|last1=Zakrzewska|first2=E. C.|last2=Boon|date=23 August 2003|journal=British Dental Journal|volume=195|issue=4|pages=207–209|doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4810445|pmid=12970703|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Cross-infection control: Introducing safety syringes into a UK dental school – a controlled study|first1=J. M.|last1=Zakrzewska|first2=I.|last2=Greenwood|first3=J.|last3=Jackson|date=27 January 2001|journal=British Dental Journal|volume=190|issue=2|pages=88–92|doi=10.1038/sj.bdj.4800891|pmid=11213339|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|title=Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Local) Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729055253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lidocaine-hydrochloride-local.html|archive-date=2017-07-29}}</ref> === Dose-sparing syringes === [[File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|thumb|A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a Covid-19 vaccine]] A dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] as vaccines were in short supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government orders 65m syringes ahead of potential Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/immunology-and-vaccines/government-orders-65m-syringes-ahead-of-potential-covid-19-vaccine/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.pulsetoday.co.uk}}</ref> === Regulation === In some jurisdictions, the sale or possession of hypodermic syringes may be controlled or prohibited without a prescription,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|title=Children With Diabetes-Prescription Needed or Not?|publisher=Childrenwithdiabetes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214090041/http://childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|archive-date=2010-12-14}}</ref> due to its potential use with illegal [[Intravenous drug|intravenous drugs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|title=Criminal Law and Syringe Disposal in Delaware|access-date=2012-04-03|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330014405/http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|archive-date=2013-03-30}}</ref> Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ {{anchor|Medical syringe}} 115auhv5nj3gjyhlg0evma8lhu8yjeb 133155 133154 2022-08-05T07:47:36Z Nana Sintim 11223 wikitext text/x-wiki Paneɛ yɛ adeɛ a yɛntumi de twe adeɛ firi biribi mu a biribiara sɔ so. (Ɛwom sɛ abɛɛfo deɛ no ayɛ piston ɛsɔ mu [[denenden]] airi [[Ahomatrofoɔ|ahoma]] abuadeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ankorɛ anaa "barrel"rel.<ref>http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dental+syringe {{cite web|url=https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|title=Disposable Needles & Syringes &#124; Trigiene Dental &#124; Quality Dental Supplies UK|access-date=2017-08-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135451/https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>adeɛ no a ɛsɔ so tumi twe ba [[abɔntene]] na ɛsan tumi twe kɔ ɛmu , ama paneɛ no kwan ama atwe mframa anaa nsuo afa ahoma tokuro no mu be.Paneɛ no beaeɛ a abue no bua ma nsuo no fa paneɛ no mu kɔ gu adeɛ no a ayɛ sɛ [[ankorɛ]] no mu. Paneɛ taa di dwuma wɔ abɛɛfo ayaresabea mu pa ara, a ɛboa ma wɔwɔ [[paneɛ]], wɔde [[nsuo]] asi ayarefoɔ so, wɔde mogya nso fa paneɛ mu na ɛde wɔ ayarefoɔ, na nnoɔma bi te sɛ glue ne lubricants aka ho. Edin paneɛ firi Greekifoɔ kasa mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ σύριγξ (''syrinx'', meaning "Pan flute", "tube") == Medical syringes == {{see also|Hypodermic needle}} [[File:Syringe.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg|thumb|The threads of the [[Luer taper|Luer lock]] tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus.]] [[File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|thumb|Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from metal, nor any other material.]] [[File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|thumb|An antique glass and metal syringe]] Sectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and [[Safety syringe|safety syringes]], injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Syringe Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=June 2013|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154606/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-09-11}}</ref> Hypodermic syringes are used with [[Hypodermic needle|hypodermic needles]] to [[Injection (medicine)|inject]] [[liquid]] or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the [[Human body|body]]. Injecting of [[air]] into a [[blood vessel]] is hazardous, as it may cause an [[air embolism]]; preventing embolisms by removing [[air]] from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the [[bloodstream]]. The [[barrel]] of a syringe is made of [[plastic]] or [[glass]], usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of [[fluid]] in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilized]] in an [[autoclave]]. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/[[piston]] with a [[rubber]] tip to create a seal between the piston and the [[barrel]], where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in [[Europe|European countries]] to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anatomy of the Hypodermic Needle and Syringe|url=https://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_the_anatomy_of_a_hypodermic_needle_and_syringe.php|website=www.exchangesupplies.org|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading [[Blood-borne disease|blood-borne diseases]]. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially [[HIV]] and [[hepatitis]], among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|title=Is it safe to reuse an insulin syringe? - CNN.com|first=Asked by|last=Bethany|website=[[CNN]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710123054/http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|archive-date=2017-07-10}}</ref> In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Medical Supplies Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=July 2014|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224004233/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-02-24}}</ref> Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon. === Tip designs === Syringes come with a number of designs for the area in which the blade locks to the syringe body. Perhaps the most well known of these is the [[Luer lock]], which simply twists the two together. Bodies featuring a small, plain connection are known as slip tips and are useful for when the syringe is being connected to something not featuring a screw lock mechanism. Similar to this is the catheter tip, which is essentially a slip tip but longer and tapered, making it good for pushing into things where there the plastic taper can form a tight seal. These can also be used for rinsing out wounds or large abscesses in veterinary use. There is also an eccentric tip, where the nozzle at the end of the syringe is not in the centre of the syringe but at the side. This causes the blade attached to the syringe to lie almost in line with the walls of the syringe itself and they are used when the blade needs to get very close to parallel with the skin (when injecting into a surface vein or artery for example). === Standard U-100 insulin syringes === [[File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|thumb|Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".]] Syringes for [[insulin]] users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=12060790|title=Making the unit of insulin: standards, clinical work, and industry, 1920–1925|date=2010-12-08|volume=76|issue=2|journal=Bull Hist Med|pages=231–70|author=Sinding C|doi=10.1353/bhm.2002.0097|s2cid=44334307}}</ref> Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has 1000 units. Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features: * shorter needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> as insulin injections are [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]] (under the skin) rather than intramuscular, * finer gauge needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> for less pain, * markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|title=BD Diabetes-Syringe Capacity and Dose Size|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707095615/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|archive-date=2011-07-07}}</ref> * [[Low dead space syringe|low dead space]] to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |'''U-100 Syringe Sizes and Markings''' |- ! colspan="2" |1cc (1 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !100 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 2 units:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> (all but 31 gauge needle) |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit: !Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringe demonstration-their syringes all measure in 1 unit increments|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !50 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Ulti-Care<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|title=Ulti-Care U100 Syringes-Product Information|publisher=Ulti-care.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717150302/http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes demonstration-all syringes with 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD Micro Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> BD Ultra Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> (standard length only) Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes-all products measure in 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> UltiCare<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|title=Comparison of 3/10 cc syringe marks—half unit and whole unit scale-BD|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121135/http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: !BD Ultra Fine II (short)<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref><ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |} {{clear right}} === Oral === An oral syringe is a [[measuring instrument]] used to accurately measure doses of liquid [[medication]], expressed in [[Millilitre#SI%20prefixes%20applied%20to%20the%20litre|millilitres]](mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal. Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 1–10 mL and larger. The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL and 5 mL.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|title=How to use your oral syringe|work=Netdoctor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104083118/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|archive-date=2011-01-04|date=2012-11-23}}</ref> === Dose-sparing syringes === [[File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|thumb|A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a Covid-19 vaccine]] A dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] as vaccines were in short supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government orders 65m syringes ahead of potential Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/immunology-and-vaccines/government-orders-65m-syringes-ahead-of-potential-covid-19-vaccine/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.pulsetoday.co.uk}}</ref> === Regulation === In some jurisdictions, the sale or possession of hypodermic syringes may be controlled or prohibited without a prescription,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|title=Children With Diabetes-Prescription Needed or Not?|publisher=Childrenwithdiabetes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214090041/http://childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|archive-date=2010-12-14}}</ref> due to its potential use with illegal [[Intravenous drug|intravenous drugs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|title=Criminal Law and Syringe Disposal in Delaware|access-date=2012-04-03|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330014405/http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|archive-date=2013-03-30}}</ref> Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ {{anchor|Medical syringe}} 28x7cou5mrk8vkooq7n6o27n0li3x9m 133156 133155 2022-08-05T07:48:53Z Nana Sintim 11223 wikitext text/x-wiki Paneɛ yɛ adeɛ a yɛntumi de twe adeɛ firi biribi mu a biribiara sɔ so. (Ɛwom sɛ abɛɛfo deɛ no ayɛ piston ɛsɔ mu [[denenden]] airi [[Ahomatrofoɔ|ahoma]] abuadeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ankorɛ anaa "barrel"rel.<ref>http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dental+syringe {{cite web|url=https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|title=Disposable Needles & Syringes &#124; Trigiene Dental &#124; Quality Dental Supplies UK|access-date=2017-08-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135451/https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>adeɛ no a ɛsɔ so tumi twe ba [[abɔntene]] na ɛsan tumi twe kɔ ɛmu , ama paneɛ no kwan ama atwe mframa anaa nsuo afa ahoma tokuro no mu be.Paneɛ no beaeɛ a abue no bua ma nsuo no fa paneɛ no mu kɔ gu adeɛ no a ayɛ sɛ [[ankorɛ]] no mu. Paneɛ taa di dwuma wɔ abɛɛfo ayaresabea mu pa ara, a ɛboa ma wɔwɔ [[paneɛ]], wɔde [[nsuo]] asi ayarefoɔ so, wɔde mogya nso fa paneɛ mu na ɛde wɔ ayarefoɔ, na nnoɔma bi te sɛ glue ne lubricants aka ho. Edin paneɛ firi Greekifoɔ kasa mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ σύριγξ (''syrinx'', meaning "Pan flute", "tube") == Medical syringes == {{see also|Hypodermic needle}} [[File:Syringe.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg|thumb|The threads of the [[Luer taper|Luer lock]] tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus.]] [[File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|thumb|Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from metal, nor any other material.]] [[File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|thumb|An antique glass and metal syringe]] Sectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and [[Safety syringe|safety syringes]], injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Syringe Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=June 2013|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154606/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-09-11}}</ref> Hypodermic syringes are used with [[Hypodermic needle|hypodermic needles]] to [[Injection (medicine)|inject]] [[liquid]] or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the [[Human body|body]]. Injecting of [[air]] into a [[blood vessel]] is hazardous, as it may cause an [[air embolism]]; preventing embolisms by removing [[air]] from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the [[bloodstream]]. The [[barrel]] of a syringe is made of [[plastic]] or [[glass]], usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of [[fluid]] in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilized]] in an [[autoclave]]. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/[[piston]] with a [[rubber]] tip to create a seal between the piston and the [[barrel]], where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in [[Europe|European countries]] to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anatomy of the Hypodermic Needle and Syringe|url=https://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_the_anatomy_of_a_hypodermic_needle_and_syringe.php|website=www.exchangesupplies.org|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading [[Blood-borne disease|blood-borne diseases]]. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially [[HIV]] and [[hepatitis]], among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|title=Is it safe to reuse an insulin syringe? - CNN.com|first=Asked by|last=Bethany|website=[[CNN]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710123054/http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|archive-date=2017-07-10}}</ref> In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Medical Supplies Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=July 2014|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224004233/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-02-24}}</ref> Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon. === Standard U-100 insulin syringes === [[File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|thumb|Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".]] Syringes for [[insulin]] users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=12060790|title=Making the unit of insulin: standards, clinical work, and industry, 1920–1925|date=2010-12-08|volume=76|issue=2|journal=Bull Hist Med|pages=231–70|author=Sinding C|doi=10.1353/bhm.2002.0097|s2cid=44334307}}</ref> Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has 1000 units. Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features: * shorter needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> as insulin injections are [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]] (under the skin) rather than intramuscular, * finer gauge needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> for less pain, * markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|title=BD Diabetes-Syringe Capacity and Dose Size|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707095615/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|archive-date=2011-07-07}}</ref> * [[Low dead space syringe|low dead space]] to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |'''U-100 Syringe Sizes and Markings''' |- ! colspan="2" |1cc (1 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !100 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 2 units:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> (all but 31 gauge needle) |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit: !Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringe demonstration-their syringes all measure in 1 unit increments|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !50 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Ulti-Care<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|title=Ulti-Care U100 Syringes-Product Information|publisher=Ulti-care.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717150302/http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes demonstration-all syringes with 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD Micro Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> BD Ultra Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> (standard length only) Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes-all products measure in 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> UltiCare<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|title=Comparison of 3/10 cc syringe marks—half unit and whole unit scale-BD|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121135/http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: !BD Ultra Fine II (short)<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref><ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |} {{clear right}} === Oral === An oral syringe is a [[measuring instrument]] used to accurately measure doses of liquid [[medication]], expressed in [[Millilitre#SI%20prefixes%20applied%20to%20the%20litre|millilitres]](mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal. Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 1–10 mL and larger. The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL and 5 mL.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|title=How to use your oral syringe|work=Netdoctor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104083118/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|archive-date=2011-01-04|date=2012-11-23}}</ref> === Dose-sparing syringes === [[File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|thumb|A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a Covid-19 vaccine]] A dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] as vaccines were in short supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government orders 65m syringes ahead of potential Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/immunology-and-vaccines/government-orders-65m-syringes-ahead-of-potential-covid-19-vaccine/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.pulsetoday.co.uk}}</ref> === Regulation === In some jurisdictions, the sale or possession of hypodermic syringes may be controlled or prohibited without a prescription,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|title=Children With Diabetes-Prescription Needed or Not?|publisher=Childrenwithdiabetes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214090041/http://childrenwithdiabetes.com/d_09_700.htm|archive-date=2010-12-14}}</ref> due to its potential use with illegal [[Intravenous drug|intravenous drugs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|title=Criminal Law and Syringe Disposal in Delaware|access-date=2012-04-03|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330014405/http://www.temple.edu/lawschool/phrhcs/de-criminal_laws.htm|archive-date=2013-03-30}}</ref> Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ {{anchor|Medical syringe}} g6gwpiwqpcp5r9k5p93x64pzmuxyqhh 133157 133156 2022-08-05T07:58:50Z Nana Sintim 11223 wikitext text/x-wiki Paneɛ yɛ adeɛ a yɛntumi de twe adeɛ firi biribi mu a biribiara sɔ so. (Ɛwom sɛ abɛɛfo deɛ no ayɛ piston ɛsɔ mu [[denenden]] airi [[Ahomatrofoɔ|ahoma]] abuadeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ankorɛ anaa "barrel"rel.<ref>http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dental+syringe {{cite web|url=https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|title=Disposable Needles & Syringes &#124; Trigiene Dental &#124; Quality Dental Supplies UK|access-date=2017-08-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135451/https://www.trigienedental.co.uk/Disposable_Needles__Syringes--category--417.html|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>adeɛ no a ɛsɔ so tumi twe ba [[abɔntene]] na ɛsan tumi twe kɔ ɛmu , ama paneɛ no kwan ama atwe mframa anaa nsuo afa ahoma tokuro no mu be.Paneɛ no beaeɛ a abue no bua ma nsuo no fa paneɛ no mu kɔ gu adeɛ no a ayɛ sɛ [[ankorɛ]] no mu. Paneɛ taa di dwuma wɔ abɛɛfo ayaresabea mu pa ara, a ɛboa ma wɔwɔ [[paneɛ]], wɔde [[nsuo]] asi ayarefoɔ so, wɔde mogya nso fa paneɛ mu na ɛde wɔ ayarefoɔ, na nnoɔma bi te sɛ glue ne lubricants aka ho. Edin paneɛ firi Greekifoɔ kasa mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ σύριγξ (''syrinx'', meaning "Pan flute", "tube") == Medical syringes == {{see also|Hypodermic needle}} [[File:Syringe.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syringe.jpg|thumb|The threads of the [[Luer taper|Luer lock]] tip of this 12mL disposable syringe keep it securely connected to a tube or other apparatus.]] [[File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SyringeAllGlass.jpg|thumb|Syringe made entirely of glass, with no parts made from metal, nor any other material.]] [[File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rekord-Spritze.jpg|thumb|An antique glass and metal syringe]] Sectors in the syringe and needle market include disposable and [[Safety syringe|safety syringes]], injection pens, needleless injectors, insulin pumps, and specialty needles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Syringe Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=June 2013|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154606/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Syringe-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-09-11}}</ref> Hypodermic syringes are used with [[Hypodermic needle|hypodermic needles]] to [[Injection (medicine)|inject]] [[liquid]] or gases into body tissues, or to remove from the [[Human body|body]]. Injecting of [[air]] into a [[blood vessel]] is hazardous, as it may cause an [[air embolism]]; preventing embolisms by removing [[air]] from the syringe is one of the reasons for the familiar image of holding a hypodermic syringe pointing upward, tapping it, and expelling a small amount of liquid before an injection into the [[bloodstream]]. The [[barrel]] of a syringe is made of [[plastic]] or [[glass]], usually has graduated marks indicating the volume of [[fluid]] in the syringe, and is nearly always transparent. Glass syringes may be [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterilized]] in an [[autoclave]]. Plastic syringes can be constructed as either two-part or three-part designs. A three-part syringe contains a plastic plunger/[[piston]] with a [[rubber]] tip to create a seal between the piston and the [[barrel]], where a two-part syringe is manufactured to create a perfect fit between the plastic plunger and the barrel to create the seal without the need for a separate synthetic rubber piston. Two-part syringes have been traditionally used in [[Europe|European countries]] to prevent introduction of additional materials such as silicone oil needed for lubricating three-part plungers.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Anatomy of the Hypodermic Needle and Syringe|url=https://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_the_anatomy_of_a_hypodermic_needle_and_syringe.php|website=www.exchangesupplies.org|access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> Most modern medical syringes are plastic because they are cheap enough to dispose of after being used only once, reducing the risk of spreading [[Blood-borne disease|blood-borne diseases]]. Reuse of needles and syringes has caused spread of diseases, especially [[HIV]] and [[hepatitis]], among intravenous drug users. Syringes are also commonly reused by diabetics, as they can go through several in a day with multiple daily insulin injections, which becomes an affordability issue for many. Even though the syringe and needle are only used by a single person, this practice is still unsafe as it can introduce bacteria from the skin into the bloodstream and cause serious and sometimes lethal infections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|title=Is it safe to reuse an insulin syringe? - CNN.com|first=Asked by|last=Bethany|website=[[CNN]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710123054/http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/expert.q.a/09/28/insulin.syringe.brawley/index.html|archive-date=2017-07-10}}</ref> In medical settings, single-use needles and syringes effectively reduce the risk of cross-contamination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disposable Medical Supplies Markets|publisher=TriMark Publications, LLC|date=July 2014|url=http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224004233/http://www.trimarkpublications.com/products/Disposable-Medical-Supplies-Markets.html|archive-date=2014-02-24}}</ref> Medical syringes are sometimes used without a needle for orally administering liquid medicines to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the subject's mouth instead of coaxing the subject to drink out of a measuring spoon. === Standard U-100 insulin syringes === [[File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_insulin_syringe.JPG|thumb|Insulin syringes are marked in insulin "units".]] Syringes for [[insulin]] users are designed for standard U-100 insulin. The dilution of insulin is such that 1 mL of insulin fluid has 100 standard "units" of insulin.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=12060790|title=Making the unit of insulin: standards, clinical work, and industry, 1920–1925|date=2010-12-08|volume=76|issue=2|journal=Bull Hist Med|pages=231–70|author=Sinding C|doi=10.1353/bhm.2002.0097|s2cid=44334307}}</ref> Since insulin vials are typically 10 mL, each vial has 1000 units. Insulin syringes are made specifically for self injections and have friendly features: * shorter needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> as insulin injections are [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]] (under the skin) rather than intramuscular, * finer gauge needles,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|title=BD Diabetes-Insulin Syringe Needle Sizes|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121119/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7253|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> for less pain, * markings in insulin units to simplify drawing a measured dose of insulin, and<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|title=BD Diabetes-Syringe Capacity and Dose Size|publisher=Bd.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707095615/http://www.bd.com/us/diabetes/page.aspx?cat=7001&id=7252|archive-date=2011-07-07}}</ref> * [[Low dead space syringe|low dead space]] to reduce complications caused by improper drawing order of different insulin strengths.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |'''U-100 Syringe Sizes and Markings''' |- ! colspan="2" |1cc (1 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !100 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 2 units:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes1">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1cc Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083626/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS1cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> (all but 31 gauge needle) |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit: !Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringe demonstration-their syringes all measure in 1 unit increments|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |1/2cc (0.5 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !50 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !10 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD<ref name="childrenwithdiabetescc">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 1/2 cc Syringes—UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS05cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> Precision Sure Dose<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Ulti-Care<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|title=Ulti-Care U100 Syringes-Product Information|publisher=Ulti-care.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717150302/http://www.ulti-care.com/ultiguard_insulinsyringes.html|archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes demonstration-all syringes with 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref> Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1 unit:<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web|url=http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/clientED/diabetes.asp|title=Diabetes Mellitus-Washington State University|publisher=Vetmed.wsu.edu|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103175134/http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/diabetes.asp|archive-date=2011-01-03}}</ref> !BD Micro Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> BD Ultra Fine<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> (standard length only) Monoject<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> Easy Touch<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|title=Easy Touch Syringes-all products measure in 1 unit increment markings|publisher=Easytouchsyringes.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710164413/http://www.easytouchsyringes.com/quality.htm|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> UltiCare<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |- ! colspan="2" |Half-unit scale 3/10cc (0.3 mL) Syringe<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|title=Comparison of 3/10 cc syringe marks—half unit and whole unit scale-BD|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121135/http://www.bd.com/resource.aspx?IDX=7917|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> |- !Holds maximum: !30 units<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Numbered in: !5 unit increments<ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> |- !Smallest line measures 1/2 unit: !BD Ultra Fine II (short)<ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref><ref name="childrenwithdiabetes2">{{cite web|url=http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|title=Close-up of BD 3/10 Syringes-UltraFine-30 Gauge-1/2", UltraFine II Short-31 Gauge-5/16", UltraFine Short-Half Unit Markings-31 Gauge-5/16" & MicroFine-28 Gauge-1/2"|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215083627/http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/gifs/products/BDUFS03cc.jpg|archive-date=2016-02-15}}</ref> ReliOn<ref name="relion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|title=ReliOn Insulin Syringe Markings|publisher=Relion.com|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128234003/http://relion.com/information/faq-insulin_delivery.htm#4|archive-date=2010-11-28}}</ref><ref name="diabeteshealth1">{{cite web|url=http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|title=Diabetes Health Syringe Listings|access-date=2010-12-30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123551/http://www.diabeteshealth.com/media/pdfs/PRG0107/Syringes-PRG-0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-10}}</ref> |} {{clear right}} === Oral === An oral syringe is a [[measuring instrument]] used to accurately measure doses of liquid [[medication]], expressed in [[Millilitre#SI%20prefixes%20applied%20to%20the%20litre|millilitres]](mL). They do not have threaded tips, because no needle or other device needs to be screwed onto them. The contents are simply squirted or sucked from the syringe directly into the mouth of the person or animal. Oral syringes are available in various sizes, from 1–10 mL and larger. The sizes most commonly used are 1 mL, 2.5 mL and 5 mL.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|title=How to use your oral syringe|work=Netdoctor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104083118/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/oralsyringe.htm|archive-date=2011-01-04|date=2012-11-23}}</ref> === Dose-sparing syringes === [[File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oxford_AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine_(2021)_D.jpeg|thumb|A dose-sparing syringe and needle being used to draw up a Covid-19 vaccine]] A dose-sparing syringe is one which minimises the amount of liquid remaining in the barrel after the plunger has been depressed. These syringes feature a combined needle and syringe, and a protrusion on the face of the plunger to expel liquid from the needle hub. Such syringes were particularly popular during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] as vaccines were in short supply.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government orders 65m syringes ahead of potential Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/immunology-and-vaccines/government-orders-65m-syringes-ahead-of-potential-covid-19-vaccine/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-15|website=www.pulsetoday.co.uk}}</ref> Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ {{anchor|Medical syringe}} 1tvhlf4v21mfc8syfmek1vk8k5vhwex 0 13661 133161 2022-08-05T11:04:07Z Rsaawah 10269 Created a page wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wɔn a wɔgyee ɔman Ghana sii hɔ da (Founders' Day)''' yɛ ɔman no nnapɔnda bi yɛyi asi hɔ a yɛde kae nnoɔma pa a nnipa atitire bi a wadi dwuma a ɛsombo ama ɔman Ghana ne titire ne "Big Six" a wɔko gyee ɔman Ghana mfahodie sii hɔ. Kane no, na edin a wɔde frɛ saa day yi ( The Founders' day) ne "''Founder's Day"'' a na atwerɛdeɛ "S" no ba ansa ɔdedeɛ nsɛnkyerɛne <nowiki>''</nowiki> is a national public holiday observed to commemorate the contributions of all the people, notably the "Big Six" who led the struggle for Ghana's independence. The Founder's Day was formerly called "''Founder's Day"'' with the letter "S" appearing after an apostrophe and it was celebrated to earmark the achievements of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah. Kwame Nkrumah was Ghana's first president and a member of the "Big Six". He was born on 21 September, hence, the "Founder's" Day celebration on 21 September in each year in honour of his participation in the Ghanaian movement for independence from British colonial rule. Other members of the "Big Six" were Edward Akufo-Addo, Joseph Boakye Danquah, Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey, William Ofori Atta, and Ebenezer Ako-Adjei. ekm63nksbppfcjorj9o25uyenmrxl6t 133162 133161 2022-08-05T11:28:31Z Rsaawah 10269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wɔn a wɔgyee ɔman Ghana sii hɔ da (Founders' Day)''' yɛ ɔman no nnapɔnda bi a yɛyi asi hɔ a yɛde kae nnoɔma pa a nnipa atitire bi a wɔdii dwuma a ɛsombo maa ɔman Ghana ne titire ne "Big Six" a wɔko gyee ɔman Ghana mfahodie sii hɔ. Kane no, na edin a wɔde frɛ saa day yi ( The Founders' day) ne "''Founder's Day"'' a na atwerɛdeɛ "S" no ba ɔdedeɛ nsɛnkyerɛne <nowiki>''</nowiki> '''’''' <nowiki>''</nowiki> no akyi a na asekyerɛ ne sɛ ɛyɛ da wɔde di nipa baako bi a ɔdii akotene wɔ Ghana mfahodie gye mu na ɔyɛ Dr. [[Kwame Nkrumah]]. Kwame Nkrumah yɛ Ghana manpanini na ɔdi kan, na na ɔka nnipa yɛfrɛ wɔn "Big Six" no ho. Yɛwoo no September bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako, nti na wɔdi kane <nowiki>''</nowiki>Founder's Day" September bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako afe biara de kae n'adwuma den a ɔyɛeɛ wɔ Ghana mfahodie gyee mu berɛ a aborofo (British Colony) no bɛdii nnɛ Ghana so no. Nnipa num a wɔka "Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho ne: [[Edward Akufo-Addo]], Joseph Boakye Danquah, [[Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey]], William Ofori Atta, ne Ebenezer Ako-Adjei. gcbrau2spd7a0yhsl07twku4l8nuwwh 133163 133162 2022-08-05T11:46:10Z Rsaawah 10269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wɔn a wɔgyee ɔman Ghana sii hɔ da (Founders' Day)''' yɛ ɔman no nnapɔnda bi a yɛyi asi hɔ a yɛde kae nnoɔma pa a nnipa atitire bi a wɔdii dwuma a ɛsombo maa ɔman Ghana ne titire ne "Big Six" a wɔko gyee ɔman Ghana mfahodie sii hɔ. Kane no, na edin a wɔde frɛ saa day yi ( The Founders' day) ne "''Founder's Day"'' a na atwerɛdeɛ "S" no ba ɔdedeɛ nsɛnkyerɛne <nowiki>''</nowiki> '''’''' <nowiki>''</nowiki> no akyi a na asekyerɛ ne sɛ ɛyɛ da wɔde di nipa baako bi a ɔdii akotene wɔ Ghana mfahodie gye mu na ɔyɛ Dr. [[Kwame Nkrumah]]. Kwame Nkrumah yɛ Ghana manpanini na ɔdi kan, na na ɔka nnipa yɛfrɛ wɔn "Big Six" no ho. Yɛwoo no [[Ɛbɔ]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako, nti na wɔdi kane <nowiki>''</nowiki>Founder<nowiki>'s Day'' Ɛbɔ bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako afe biara de kae n'</nowiki>adwuma den a ɔyɛeɛ wɔ Ghana mfahodie gyee mu berɛ a aborofo (British Colony) no bɛdii nnɛ Ghana so no. Nnipa num a wɔka "Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho ne: [[Edward Akufo-Addo]], Joseph Boakye Danquah, [[Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey]], William Ofori Atta, ne Ebenezer Ako-Adjei. Berɛ a nnɛ ɔman Ghana manpanini Akufo Addo bɛyɛɛ ɔmanpanini no, ɔhunuu no sɛ ɛwɔ sɛ yɛde anideɛ soronko bi nso ma nnipa num na wɔka <nowiki>''</nowiki>Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho a wɔfaa ateetee mu ɛnam mfahodie a na wɔrepre ama ɔman Ghana no. Wɔsesaa ''Founder's Day no bɛyɛɛ no Founders' Day.'' Asekyerɛ ne sɛ abɛyɛ dodoɔ kabea a nnipa num no ka ho. bis0u85bbl5pejea2m2h24wgwetouwe 133164 133163 2022-08-05T11:50:56Z Rsaawah 10269 Added dialect wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Wɔn a wɔgyee ɔman Ghana sii hɔ da (Founders' Day)''' yɛ ɔman no nnapɔnda bi a yɛyi asi hɔ a yɛde kae nnoɔma pa a nnipa atitire bi a wɔdii dwuma a ɛsombo maa ɔman Ghana ne titire ne "Big Six" a wɔko gyee ɔman Ghana mfahodie sii hɔ. Kane no, na edin a wɔde frɛ saa day yi ( The Founders' day) ne "''Founder's Day"'' a na atwerɛdeɛ "S" no ba ɔdedeɛ nsɛnkyerɛne <nowiki>''</nowiki> '''’''' <nowiki>''</nowiki> no akyi a na asekyerɛ ne sɛ ɛyɛ da wɔde di nipa baako bi a ɔdii akotene wɔ Ghana mfahodie gye mu na ɔyɛ Dr. [[Kwame Nkrumah]]. Kwame Nkrumah yɛ Ghana manpanini na ɔdi kan, na na ɔka nnipa yɛfrɛ wɔn "Big Six" no ho. Yɛwoo no [[Ɛbɔ]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako, nti na wɔdi kane <nowiki>''</nowiki>Founder<nowiki>'s Day'' Ɛbɔ bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako afe biara de kae n'</nowiki>adwuma den a ɔyɛeɛ wɔ Ghana mfahodie gyee mu berɛ a aborofo (British Colony) no bɛdii nnɛ Ghana so no. Nnipa num a wɔka "Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho ne: [[Edward Akufo-Addo]], Joseph Boakye Danquah, [[Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey]], William Ofori Atta, ne Ebenezer Ako-Adjei. Berɛ a nnɛ ɔman Ghana manpanini Akufo Addo bɛyɛɛ ɔmanpanini no, ɔhunuu no sɛ ɛwɔ sɛ yɛde anideɛ soronko bi nso ma nnipa num na wɔka <nowiki>''</nowiki>Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho a wɔfaa ateetee mu ɛnam mfahodie a na wɔrepre ama ɔman Ghana no. Wɔsesaa ''Founder's Day no bɛyɛɛ no Founders' Day.'' Asekyerɛ ne sɛ abɛyɛ dodoɔ kabea a nnipa num no ka ho. rldag4kt6yxphjruv3k2bwtdhr05mb4 133165 133164 2022-08-05T11:51:34Z Rsaawah 10269 Added a paragraph wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dialect|Asante}} '''Wɔn a wɔgyee ɔman Ghana sii hɔ da (Founders' Day)''' yɛ ɔman no nnapɔnda bi a yɛyi asi hɔ a yɛde kae nnoɔma pa a nnipa atitire bi a wɔdii dwuma a ɛsombo maa ɔman Ghana ne titire ne "Big Six" a wɔko gyee ɔman Ghana mfahodie sii hɔ. Kane no, na edin a wɔde frɛ saa day yi ( The Founders' day) ne "''Founder's Day"'' a na atwerɛdeɛ "S" no ba ɔdedeɛ nsɛnkyerɛne <nowiki>''</nowiki> '''’''' <nowiki>''</nowiki> no akyi a na asekyerɛ ne sɛ ɛyɛ da wɔde di nipa baako bi a ɔdii akotene wɔ Ghana mfahodie gye mu na ɔyɛ Dr. [[Kwame Nkrumah]]. Kwame Nkrumah yɛ Ghana manpanini na ɔdi kan, na na ɔka nnipa yɛfrɛ wɔn "Big Six" no ho. Yɛwoo no [[Ɛbɔ]] bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako, nti na wɔdi kane <nowiki>''</nowiki>Founder<nowiki>'s Day'' Ɛbɔ bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduonu baako afe biara de kae n'</nowiki>adwuma den a ɔyɛeɛ wɔ Ghana mfahodie gyee mu berɛ a aborofo (British Colony) no bɛdii nnɛ Ghana so no. Nnipa num a wɔka "Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho ne: [[Edward Akufo-Addo]], Joseph Boakye Danquah, [[Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey]], William Ofori Atta, ne Ebenezer Ako-Adjei. Berɛ a nnɛ ɔman Ghana manpanini Akufo Addo bɛyɛɛ ɔmanpanini no, ɔhunuu no sɛ ɛwɔ sɛ yɛde anideɛ soronko bi nso ma nnipa num na wɔka <nowiki>''</nowiki>Big Six<nowiki>''</nowiki> no ho a wɔfaa ateetee mu ɛnam mfahodie a na wɔrepre ama ɔman Ghana no. Wɔsesaa ''Founder's Day no bɛyɛɛ no Founders' Day.'' Asekyerɛ ne sɛ abɛyɛ dodoɔ kabea a nnipa num no ka ho. == Abakɔsɛm == j1ac5m45f53dir7qykpplkzxoz8mqp8