Wiktionary viwiktionary https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Trang_Ch%C3%ADnh MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 case-sensitive Phương tiện Đặc biệt Thảo luận Thành viên Thảo luận Thành viên Wiktionary Thảo luận Wiktionary Tập tin Thảo luận Tập tin MediaWiki Thảo luận MediaWiki Bản mẫu Thảo luận Bản mẫu Trợ giúp Thảo luận Trợ giúp Thể loại Thảo luận Thể loại Phụ lục Thảo luận Phụ lục TimedText TimedText talk Mô đun Thảo luận Mô đun Sự kiện Thảo luận Sự kiện hebben 0 2669 2573598 2537301 2026-10-26T08:49:22Z Hiyuune 50834 2573598 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|nl|dum|hebben}}, từ {{inh|nl|odt|hebben}}, từ {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*habbjan}}, từ {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*habjaną}}, từ {{der|nl|ine-pro|*kap-<id:seize>}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ˈɦɛbə(n)/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-hebben.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|heb|ben}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛbən|s=2}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{nl-verb}} # {{lb|nl|transitive}} [[có|Có]], [[sở hữu]]. # {{lb|nl|transitive|medicine}} [[bị|Bị]] [[mắc]] [[bệnh]]. ===={{section|forms}}==== {{nl-conj-irr|hebben}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|nl|title=tính từ |hebbelijk |hebberig |onderhavig |onderhevig }} {{col|nl|title=danh từ |auteursrechthebbende |hebbeding |hebben en houden |hebberd |machthebber }} {{col|nl|title=động từ |aanhebben |afhebben |beethebben |behebben |bijeenhebben |bijhebben |binnenhebben |boter op zijn hoofd hebben |de wijsheid in pacht hebben |dichthebben |doorhebben |een appeltje te schillen hebben |een bord voor zijn kop hebben |een plaat voor zijn kop hebben |een streepje voor hebben |een vinger in de pap hebben |geen boodschap hebben aan |geen hoge pet op hebben van |geen idee hebben |gehebben |graag hebben |haar op zijn tanden hebben |herhebben |het hebben over |het rijk alleen hebben |in de melk te brokkelen hebben |inhebben |kaas gegeten hebben |klaarhebben |losse handen hebben |medehebben |meehebben |mishebben |omhebben |onderhebben |ophebben |oren hebben |overhebben |schijt hebben |te maken hebben |tegenhebben |terughebben |toehebben |tuk hebben |uithebben |van doen hebben |vasthebben |verhebben |voeten in de aarde hebben |voorhebben |vooruithebben |wederhebben |wederomhebben |weerhebben |weeromhebben |weghebben |woorden hebben }} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|af|hê}} * {{desc|brc|ha|habu}} * {{desc|jvd|geef}} * {{desc|gmw-jdt|hävve|häbbe}} * {{desc|dcr|ha|a|hab}} =={{langname|nds}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{l|nds|hewwen}} ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|nds|osx|hebbian}}, từ {{inh|nds|gmw-pro|*habbjan}}, từ {{inh|nds|gem-pro|*habjaną}}, từ {{der|nds|ine-pro|*kap-<id:chiếm, nắm>||to grasp}}. So sánh với {{cog|nl|hebben}}, {{cog|de|haben}}, {{cog|fy|hawwe}}, {{cog|en|have}}, {{cog|da|have}}. ==={{section|v}}=== {{head|nds|Động từ|hiện tại đơn ở ngôi thứ ba số ít|hett|thì quá khứ|harr|phân từ quá khứ|hatt|trợ động từ|hebben}} # [[có|Có]]. ===={{section|forms}}==== {{nds-conj-table<!-- -->|head=''hebben'' (động từ bất quy tắc)<!-- Present indicative -->|heff<!-- -->|hest<!-- -->|hett<!-- -->|hebbt<!-- Past indicative -->|harr<!-- -->|harrst<!-- -->|harr<!-- -->|harren<!-- Imperative -->|hebb<!-- -->|hebbt<!-- Participles -->|hebben<!-- -->|hatt<!-- -->}} kz6teyjkfcwxikrvl9s9qybitxvuure 2573599 2573598 2026-10-26T08:49:31Z Hiyuune 50834 /* {{section|etym}} */ 2573599 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|nl|dum|hebben}}, từ {{inh|nl|odt|hebben}}, từ {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*habbjan}}, từ {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*habjaną}}, từ {{der|nl|ine-pro|*kap-<id:seize>}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ˈɦɛbə(n)/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-hebben.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|heb|ben}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛbən|s=2}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{nl-verb}} # {{lb|nl|transitive}} [[có|Có]], [[sở hữu]]. # {{lb|nl|transitive|medicine}} [[bị|Bị]] [[mắc]] [[bệnh]]. ===={{section|forms}}==== {{nl-conj-irr|hebben}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|nl|title=tính từ |hebbelijk |hebberig |onderhavig |onderhevig }} {{col|nl|title=danh từ |auteursrechthebbende |hebbeding |hebben en houden |hebberd |machthebber }} {{col|nl|title=động từ |aanhebben |afhebben |beethebben |behebben |bijeenhebben |bijhebben |binnenhebben |boter op zijn hoofd hebben |de wijsheid in pacht hebben |dichthebben |doorhebben |een appeltje te schillen hebben |een bord voor zijn kop hebben |een plaat voor zijn kop hebben |een streepje voor hebben |een vinger in de pap hebben |geen boodschap hebben aan |geen hoge pet op hebben van |geen idee hebben |gehebben |graag hebben |haar op zijn tanden hebben |herhebben |het hebben over |het rijk alleen hebben |in de melk te brokkelen hebben |inhebben |kaas gegeten hebben |klaarhebben |losse handen hebben |medehebben |meehebben |mishebben |omhebben |onderhebben |ophebben |oren hebben |overhebben |schijt hebben |te maken hebben |tegenhebben |terughebben |toehebben |tuk hebben |uithebben |van doen hebben |vasthebben |verhebben |voeten in de aarde hebben |voorhebben |vooruithebben |wederhebben |wederomhebben |weerhebben |weeromhebben |weghebben |woorden hebben }} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|af|hê}} * {{desc|brc|ha|habu}} * {{desc|jvd|geef}} * {{desc|gmw-jdt|hävve|häbbe}} * {{desc|dcr|ha|a|hab}} =={{langname|nds}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{l|nds|hewwen}} ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|nds|osx|hebbian}}, từ {{inh|nds|gmw-pro|*habbjan}}, từ {{inh|nds|gem-pro|*habjaną}}, từ {{der|nds|ine-pro|*kap-<id:chiếm, nắm>}}. So sánh với {{cog|nl|hebben}}, {{cog|de|haben}}, {{cog|fy|hawwe}}, {{cog|en|have}}, {{cog|da|have}}. ==={{section|v}}=== {{head|nds|Động từ|hiện tại đơn ở ngôi thứ ba số ít|hett|thì quá khứ|harr|phân từ quá khứ|hatt|trợ động từ|hebben}} # [[có|Có]]. ===={{section|forms}}==== {{nds-conj-table<!-- -->|head=''hebben'' (động từ bất quy tắc)<!-- Present indicative -->|heff<!-- -->|hest<!-- -->|hett<!-- -->|hebbt<!-- Past indicative -->|harr<!-- -->|harrst<!-- -->|harr<!-- -->|harren<!-- Imperative -->|hebb<!-- -->|hebbt<!-- Participles -->|hebben<!-- -->|hatt<!-- -->}} i53u04tqvjbb0ngox1kqonn5w15hos5 aankomen 0 2809 2573573 2536229 2026-10-26T02:46:49Z Hiyuune 50834 2573573 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|nl|dum|aencomen}}, từ {{inh|nl|odt|*anakuman}}, từ {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*anakweman}}. Tương đương với {{compound|nl|aan|komen}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ˈaːŋkoːmə(n)/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-aankomen.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|aan|ko|men}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{nl-verb}} # {{lb|nl|intransitive}} [[đến|Đến]]. # [[sờ mó|Sờ mó]] # Trở nên [[béo]] hơn. ===={{section|forms}}==== {{nl-conj-st|class=4|sep=aan|kom|kwam|komen|||kwaamt|aux=zijn}} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|nl|aankomst}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|af|aankom}} * {{desc|gmw-jdt|ânkôme}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{l|nl|komen aan}} 0wrxsc1v3d3dc0wbld0ua904ebls9xy tiêu giá 0 3538 2573563 2080391 2026-10-26T02:35:09Z Hiyuune 50834 2573563 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{rfe|vi}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[nêu|Nêu]] [[rõ]] cái [[giá trị]] lên. 8ykc94v4pd9pa4ram3wn4dhm20bsb4h tiêu dụng 0 3541 2573564 2080390 2026-10-26T02:35:43Z Hiyuune 50834 2573564 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb}} # Xài [[tiền của]]. 38rk71850bincizrdgxuxz5oyk5zecm chef-lieu 0 40012 2573561 2432361 2026-10-26T02:33:24Z Hiyuune 50834 2573561 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|fr}}== {{wp|fr:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{fr-IPA|chef lieu}} * {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-0x010C-chef-lieu.wav}} * {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-chef-lieu.wav|a=Lyon}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{fr-noun|m|chefs-lieux}} # [[tỉnh lỵ|Tỉnh lỵ]], [[huyện lỵ]], [[thủ phủ]]. ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|ht|chèflye}} ===={{section|see}}==== * {{l|fr|haut lieu}} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:fr:TLFi}} {{C|fr|Chính phủ}} s1drvr2g3hs7gxqv1s0dc3jsvnffpii душераздирающий 0 75282 2573600 714086 2026-10-26T08:57:01Z Hiyuune 50834 Hiyuune đã đổi [[душераздиряющий]] thành [[душераздирающий]]: Tiêu đề sai chính tả 714086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{-rus-}} {{-rus-trans-|д|у|ш|е|р|а|з|д|и|р|'|я|ю|щ|и|й}} {{-adj-}} '''душераздир<u>я</u>ющий''' # [[lâm|Lâm]] [[ly]], [[thống thiết]], [[đứt ruột]], [[đoạn trường]]. #:'''''душераздир<u>я</u>ющий''' крик ''— tiếng kêu thống thiết (lâm ly, đứt ruột) #:'''''душераздир<u>я</u>ющая''' сц<u>е</u>на ''— cảnh tượng lâm ly (thống thiết, đứt ruột) {{-ref-}} {{R:FVDP}} [[Thể loại:Tính từ tiếng Nga]] gnbcbds6z5x92xihjj24xmngzftfjv9 2573602 2573600 2026-10-26T08:59:40Z Hiyuune 50834 2573602 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ru}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{af|ru|душа|alt1=душе-|раздира́ющий}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ru-IPA|душераздира́ющий}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{ru-adj|душераздира́ющий|-|adv=душераздира́юще}} # [[đau lòng]], [[nhói tim]]. # {{lb|ru|colloquial}} Cố tình tạo ra [[bi kịch]], [[thê thảm]] hoặc thảm hại một cách có [[chủ đích]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ru-decl-adj|душераздира́ющий|a}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|ru|душераздира́юще}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|ru |душеразира́тельный |душа́,ду́шка |дух,духо́вный,духо́вность |духовни́к |душе́вный,душе́вно |духово́й,духи́,духота́ |души́стый |души́ть<g:impf>,задуши́ть<g:pf> |раздира́ть<g:impf>,разодра́ть<g:pf> |раздира́ться<g:impf>,разодра́ться<g:pf> |раздира́ющий }} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=rv}} j6ivcsita510hgpiwrq78fod1dm11xe 2573603 2573602 2026-10-26T08:59:50Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tính từ */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573603 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ru}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{af|ru|душа|alt1=душе-|раздира́ющий}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ru-IPA|душераздира́ющий}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{ru-adj|душераздира́ющий|-|adv=душераздира́юще}} # [[đau lòng|Đau lòng]], [[nhói tim]]. # {{lb|ru|colloquial}} Cố tình tạo ra [[bi kịch]], [[thê thảm]] hoặc thảm hại một cách có [[chủ đích]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ru-decl-adj|душераздира́ющий|a}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|ru|душераздира́юще}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|ru |душеразира́тельный |душа́,ду́шка |дух,духо́вный,духо́вность |духовни́к |душе́вный,душе́вно |духово́й,духи́,духота́ |души́стый |души́ть<g:impf>,задуши́ть<g:pf> |раздира́ть<g:impf>,разодра́ть<g:pf> |раздира́ться<g:impf>,разодра́ться<g:pf> |раздира́ющий }} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=rv}} k5wqg4plgbsgpf6upxb4bdgry2exavo mottled 0 109762 2573558 2499223 2026-10-26T02:29:27Z Hiyuune 50834 2573558 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{enPR|mǒt' ld|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈmɑt əld/}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-mottled.wav|a=Southern England}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{en-adj}} # [[lốm|Lốm]] đốm, có [[vằn]]. ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|en|mottledness|nonmottled|unmottled |mottled bear|mottled rustic |mottled berryhunter |mottled duck |mottled mallard |mottled owl |mottled umber }} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|en|motley}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{head|en|Biến thể hình thái động từ}} # {{infl of|en|mottle||ed-form}} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} 14wha04bfquh5doth2horcmvoxt5f9z spathiform 0 110193 2573560 1919039 2026-10-26T02:31:02Z Hiyuune 50834 2573560 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{bor|en|fr|spathiforme}}. ==={{section|adj}}=== {{en-adj}} # [[hình|Hình]] [[spat]]. ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} fjc789vb4ouxpeql1j9qola16eb8rsi dénouement 0 119423 2573553 1830394 2026-10-26T02:25:00Z Hiyuune 50834 2573553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|denouement}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|en|denouement}} * {{alt|en|dénoûment||archaic}} ==={{section|etym}=== {{ubor|en|fr|dénouement}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/deˈnuːmɑ̃/|a=RP}} ** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dénouement.wav|a=Southern England}} * {{IPA|en|/ˌdeɪ.nuˈmɑnt/|/ˌdeɪ.nuˈmɑ̃/|a=US}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{en-noun|~}} # [[khéo|Khéo]], [[khéo tay]], có [[kỹ xảo]]; [[khéo léo]]. #: {{ux|en|A dexterous typist.|Người đánh máy chữ nhanh.}} #: {{ux|en|A dexterous planist.|Người chơi pianô giỏi.}} # [[thuận|Thuận]] dùng [[tay]] [[phải]]. ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} d48g5yhjtx32f4kd9pe1h2mph8d9r9x 2573554 2573553 2026-10-26T02:25:12Z Hiyuune 50834 /* {{section|alt}} */ 2573554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|denouement}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|en|denouement}} * {{alt|en|dénoûment||archaic}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ubor|en|fr|dénouement}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/deˈnuːmɑ̃/|a=RP}} ** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dénouement.wav|a=Southern England}} * {{IPA|en|/ˌdeɪ.nuˈmɑnt/|/ˌdeɪ.nuˈmɑ̃/|a=US}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{en-noun|~}} # [[khéo|Khéo]], [[khéo tay]], có [[kỹ xảo]]; [[khéo léo]]. #: {{ux|en|A dexterous typist.|Người đánh máy chữ nhanh.}} #: {{ux|en|A dexterous planist.|Người chơi pianô giỏi.}} # [[thuận|Thuận]] dùng [[tay]] [[phải]]. ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} 8z37ymffo7f8v31pm2wmfhs2om7ve0t 2573555 2573554 2026-10-26T02:25:34Z Hiyuune 50834 2573555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|denouement}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|en|denouement}} * {{alt|en|dénoûment||archaic}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ubor|en|fr|dénouement}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/deˈnuːmɑ̃/|a=RP}} ** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dénouement.wav|a=Southern England}} * {{IPA|en|/ˌdeɪ.nuˈmɑnt/|/ˌdeɪ.nuˈmɑ̃/|a=US}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{en-noun|~}} # [[khéo|Khéo]], [[khéo tay]], có [[kỹ xảo]]; [[khéo léo]]. # [[thuận|Thuận]] dùng [[tay]] [[phải]]. ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} q1apl0ws7t0jgi1xrq1oj8b8evjt59w 'twill 0 165082 2573570 1787920 2026-10-26T02:43:08Z Hiyuune 50834 2573570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|twill}} =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Dạng rút gọn của "[[it|(i)t]] [[will]]". ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/twɪl/}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-&#39;twill.wav|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɪl|s=1}} * {{homophones|en|twill}} ==={{section|contraction}}=== {{head|en|Từ rút gọn|head=‛twill}} # {{lb|en|poetic}} {{contraction of|en|it|will}} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|en|'tis}}, {{l|en|'tisn't}} * {{l|en|'twas}}, {{l|en|'twasn't}} * {{l|en|'twere}}, {{l|en|'tweren't}} * {{l|en|'twould}}/{{l|en|'twou'd}}, {{l|en|'twouldn't}}/{{l|en|'twou'dn't}} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP|db=ev}} e24u5dx2noh1wt5ube6yg8wxth70ejh insekt 0 190214 2573605 2502071 2026-10-26T09:04:56Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Ba Lan */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Insekt}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{lbor|pl|la|īnsectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-insekt.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-anml}} # [[động vật|Động vật]] [[gây]] [[hại]] {{gloss|côn trùng}}. #: {{syn|pl|szkodnik}} # {{lb|pl|dated}} [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|pl|owad}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.anml>}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{C|pl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA4|nl|/ɪnˈsɛkt/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-insekt.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|in|sekt}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛkt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nl-noun|m|-en|+}} # {{superseded spelling of|nl|insect}} ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== * {{U:nl:obsolete spelling|1996}} =={{langname|nb}}== {{wp|lang=no}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nb-noun-n3}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nb|insektbitt}} * {{l|nb|insektmiddel}} {{C|nb|Động vật học}} =={{langname|nn}}== {{wp|nn:}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nn-noun-n1}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nn|insektmiddel}} ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|nn|a=ikns|kniset|kniste|nikset|sinket|sikten|skeint|skinet|skiten|skitne|sniket|snikte|stikne|stinke}} {{C|nn|Động vật học}} =={{langname|cs}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{cs-noun|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|cs|hmyz}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|m}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * Xem {{l|cs|sekce}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:cs:PSJC}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{R:cs:IJP}} {{C|cs|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sh}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|sh|ìnsekat||Bosnian|Serbian}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|sh|la|insectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA4|sh|/ǐnsekt/}} * {{hyphenation|sh|in|sekt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sh-noun|ìnsekt|m-an}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun |ìnsekt|insekti |insekta|ìnsekātā |insektu|insektima |insekta|insekte |insekte|insekti |insektu|insektima |insektom|insektima }} {{C|sh|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|insẹ̑kt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sl-noun|insẹ̑kt|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sl-decl-noun-m|insékt}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:Fran}} {{C|sl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sv}}== {{wp|sv:}} [[File:Insects collage.jpg|thumb|300px|insekter]] ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sv-noun|c}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sv-infl-noun-c-er}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{l|sv|leddjur||ngành chân đốt}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:svenska.se|so}} * {{R:svenska.se|saob}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007090818/https://mesh.kib.ki.se/term/D007313/insecta Svensk MeSH] ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|sv|a=eiknst|etnisk|sikten|skiten|tikens}} =={{langname|da}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|da|la|īnsectum}}, từ {{m|la|insecāre||cắt nhỏ hoặc chia nhỏ, rạch}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA4|da|/ensɛkt/|[enˈsɛɡ̊d̥]}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{da-noun|et|er}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. # {{w|Phân ngành Sáu chân}}. ===={{ĐM|infl}}==== {{da-noun-infl|et|er}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * {{l|da|urinsekt}} ("[[entognatha]]") ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{pedia|lang=da}} cyx0hfx93japs29fdzdz9z4maf2h9r3 2573606 2573605 2026-10-26T09:05:06Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Hà Lan */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Insekt}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{lbor|pl|la|īnsectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-insekt.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-anml}} # [[động vật|Động vật]] [[gây]] [[hại]] {{gloss|côn trùng}}. #: {{syn|pl|szkodnik}} # {{lb|pl|dated}} [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|pl|owad}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.anml>}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{C|pl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ɪnˈsɛkt/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-insekt.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|in|sekt}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛkt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nl-noun|m|-en|+}} # {{superseded spelling of|nl|insect}} ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== * {{U:nl:obsolete spelling|1996}} =={{langname|nb}}== {{wp|lang=no}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nb-noun-n3}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nb|insektbitt}} * {{l|nb|insektmiddel}} {{C|nb|Động vật học}} =={{langname|nn}}== {{wp|nn:}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nn-noun-n1}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nn|insektmiddel}} ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|nn|a=ikns|kniset|kniste|nikset|sinket|sikten|skeint|skinet|skiten|skitne|sniket|snikte|stikne|stinke}} {{C|nn|Động vật học}} =={{langname|cs}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{cs-noun|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|cs|hmyz}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|m}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * Xem {{l|cs|sekce}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:cs:PSJC}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{R:cs:IJP}} {{C|cs|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sh}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|sh|ìnsekat||Bosnian|Serbian}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|sh|la|insectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA4|sh|/ǐnsekt/}} * {{hyphenation|sh|in|sekt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sh-noun|ìnsekt|m-an}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun |ìnsekt|insekti |insekta|ìnsekātā |insektu|insektima |insekta|insekte |insekte|insekti |insektu|insektima |insektom|insektima }} {{C|sh|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|insẹ̑kt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sl-noun|insẹ̑kt|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sl-decl-noun-m|insékt}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:Fran}} {{C|sl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sv}}== {{wp|sv:}} [[File:Insects collage.jpg|thumb|300px|insekter]] ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sv-noun|c}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sv-infl-noun-c-er}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{l|sv|leddjur||ngành chân đốt}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:svenska.se|so}} * {{R:svenska.se|saob}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007090818/https://mesh.kib.ki.se/term/D007313/insecta Svensk MeSH] ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|sv|a=eiknst|etnisk|sikten|skiten|tikens}} =={{langname|da}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|da|la|īnsectum}}, từ {{m|la|insecāre||cắt nhỏ hoặc chia nhỏ, rạch}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA4|da|/ensɛkt/|[enˈsɛɡ̊d̥]}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{da-noun|et|er}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. # {{w|Phân ngành Sáu chân}}. ===={{ĐM|infl}}==== {{da-noun-infl|et|er}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * {{l|da|urinsekt}} ("[[entognatha]]") ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{pedia|lang=da}} rbj0dofijkh0vihb0s8i4eho0ebkc26 2573607 2573606 2026-10-26T09:05:21Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Serbia-Croatia */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Insekt}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{lbor|pl|la|īnsectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-insekt.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-anml}} # [[động vật|Động vật]] [[gây]] [[hại]] {{gloss|côn trùng}}. #: {{syn|pl|szkodnik}} # {{lb|pl|dated}} [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|pl|owad}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.anml>}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{C|pl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ɪnˈsɛkt/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-insekt.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|in|sekt}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛkt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nl-noun|m|-en|+}} # {{superseded spelling of|nl|insect}} ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== * {{U:nl:obsolete spelling|1996}} =={{langname|nb}}== {{wp|lang=no}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nb-noun-n3}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nb|insektbitt}} * {{l|nb|insektmiddel}} {{C|nb|Động vật học}} =={{langname|nn}}== {{wp|nn:}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nn-noun-n1}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nn|insektmiddel}} ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|nn|a=ikns|kniset|kniste|nikset|sinket|sikten|skeint|skinet|skiten|skitne|sniket|snikte|stikne|stinke}} {{C|nn|Động vật học}} =={{langname|cs}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{cs-noun|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|cs|hmyz}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|m}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * Xem {{l|cs|sekce}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:cs:PSJC}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{R:cs:IJP}} {{C|cs|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sh}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|sh|ìnsekat||Bosnian|Serbian}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|sh|la|insectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|sh|/ǐnsekt/}} * {{hyphenation|sh|in|sekt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sh-noun|ìnsekt|m-an}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun |ìnsekt|insekti |insekta|ìnsekātā |insektu|insektima |insekta|insekte |insekte|insekti |insektu|insektima |insektom|insektima }} {{C|sh|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|insẹ̑kt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sl-noun|insẹ̑kt|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sl-decl-noun-m|insékt}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:Fran}} {{C|sl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sv}}== {{wp|sv:}} [[File:Insects collage.jpg|thumb|300px|insekter]] ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sv-noun|c}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sv-infl-noun-c-er}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{l|sv|leddjur||ngành chân đốt}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:svenska.se|so}} * {{R:svenska.se|saob}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007090818/https://mesh.kib.ki.se/term/D007313/insecta Svensk MeSH] ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|sv|a=eiknst|etnisk|sikten|skiten|tikens}} =={{langname|da}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|da|la|īnsectum}}, từ {{m|la|insecāre||cắt nhỏ hoặc chia nhỏ, rạch}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA4|da|/ensɛkt/|[enˈsɛɡ̊d̥]}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{da-noun|et|er}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. # {{w|Phân ngành Sáu chân}}. ===={{ĐM|infl}}==== {{da-noun-infl|et|er}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * {{l|da|urinsekt}} ("[[entognatha]]") ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{pedia|lang=da}} lg2uf5er40l3g0ehk21b1hszg7aek3p 2573608 2573607 2026-10-26T09:05:38Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Cách phát âm */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Insekt}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{lbor|pl|la|īnsectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-insekt.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-anml}} # [[động vật|Động vật]] [[gây]] [[hại]] {{gloss|côn trùng}}. #: {{syn|pl|szkodnik}} # {{lb|pl|dated}} [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|pl|owad}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.anml>}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{C|pl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ɪnˈsɛkt/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-insekt.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|in|sekt}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛkt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nl-noun|m|-en|+}} # {{superseded spelling of|nl|insect}} ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== * {{U:nl:obsolete spelling|1996}} =={{langname|nb}}== {{wp|lang=no}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nb-noun-n3}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nb|insektbitt}} * {{l|nb|insektmiddel}} {{C|nb|Động vật học}} =={{langname|nn}}== {{wp|nn:}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nn-noun-n1}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nn|insektmiddel}} ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|nn|a=ikns|kniset|kniste|nikset|sinket|sikten|skeint|skinet|skiten|skitne|sniket|snikte|stikne|stinke}} {{C|nn|Động vật học}} =={{langname|cs}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{cs-noun|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|cs|hmyz}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|m}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * Xem {{l|cs|sekce}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:cs:PSJC}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{R:cs:IJP}} {{C|cs|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sh}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|sh|ìnsekat||Bosnian|Serbian}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|sh|la|insectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|sh|/ǐnsekt/}} * {{hyphenation|sh|in|sekt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sh-noun|ìnsekt|m-an}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun |ìnsekt|insekti |insekta|ìnsekātā |insektu|insektima |insekta|insekte |insekte|insekti |insektu|insektima |insektom|insektima }} {{C|sh|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|insẹ̑kt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sl-noun|insẹ̑kt|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sl-decl-noun-m|insékt}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:Fran}} {{C|sl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sv}}== {{wp|sv:}} [[File:Insects collage.jpg|thumb|300px|insekter]] ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sv-noun|c}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sv-infl-noun-c-er}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{l|sv|leddjur||ngành chân đốt}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:svenska.se|so}} * {{R:svenska.se|saob}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007090818/https://mesh.kib.ki.se/term/D007313/insecta Svensk MeSH] ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|sv|a=eiknst|etnisk|sikten|skiten|tikens}} =={{langname|da}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|da|la|īnsectum}}, từ {{m|la|insecāre||cắt nhỏ hoặc chia nhỏ, rạch}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|da|/ensɛkt/|[enˈsɛɡ̊d̥]}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{da-noun|et|er}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. # {{w|Phân ngành Sáu chân}}. ===={{ĐM|infl}}==== {{da-noun-infl|et|er}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * {{l|da|urinsekt}} ("[[entognatha]]") ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{pedia|lang=da}} 1lbaoxgdb1byeesjxp234j9qnlcb7fi 2573611 2573608 2026-10-26T11:19:14Z Hiyuune 50834 2573611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Insekt}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{lbor|pl|la|īnsectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-insekt.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-anml}} # [[động vật|Động vật]] [[gây]] [[hại]] {{gloss|côn trùng}}. #: {{syn|pl|szkodnik}} # {{lb|pl|dated}} [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|pl|owad}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.anml>}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{C|pl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ɪnˈsɛkt/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-insekt.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|in|sekt}} * {{rhymes|nl|ɛkt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nl-noun|m|-en|+}} # {{superseded spelling of|nl|insect}} ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== * {{U:nl:obsolete spelling|1996}} =={{langname|nb}}== {{wp|no:}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nb-noun-n3}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nb|insektbitt}} * {{l|nb|insektmiddel}} {{C|nb|Động vật học}} =={{langname|nn}}== {{wp|nn:}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{nn-noun-n1}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|nn|insektmiddel}} ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|nn|a=ikns|kniset|kniste|nikset|sinket|sikten|skeint|skinet|skiten|skitne|sniket|snikte|stikne|stinke}} {{C|nn|Động vật học}} =={{langname|cs}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{cs-noun|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. #: {{syn|cs|hmyz}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|m}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * Xem {{l|cs|sekce}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:cs:PSJC}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{R:cs:IJP}} {{C|cs|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sh}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|sh|ìnsekat||Bosnian|Serbian}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|sh|la|insectum}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|sh|/ǐnsekt/}} * {{hyphenation|sh|in|sekt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sh-noun|ìnsekt|m-an}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun |ìnsekt|insekti |insekta|ìnsekātā |insektu|insektima |insekta|insekte |insekte|insekti |insektu|insektima |insektom|insektima }} {{C|sh|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|insẹ̑kt}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sl-noun|insẹ̑kt|m-in}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sl-decl-noun-m|insékt}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:Fran}} {{C|sl|Lớp Côn trùng}} =={{langname|sv}}== {{wp|sv:}} [[File:Insects collage.jpg|thumb|300px|insekter]] ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{sv-noun|c}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{sv-infl-noun-c-er}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{l|sv|leddjur||ngành chân đốt}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:svenska.se|so}} * {{R:svenska.se|saob}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007090818/https://mesh.kib.ki.se/term/D007313/insecta Svensk MeSH] ==={{ĐM|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|sv|a=eiknst|etnisk|sikten|skiten|tikens}} =={{langname|da}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|da|la|īnsectum}}, từ {{m|la|insecāre||cắt nhỏ hoặc chia nhỏ, rạch}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{IPA|da|/ensɛkt/|[enˈsɛɡ̊d̥]}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{da-noun|et|er}} # [[côn trùng|Côn trùng]], [[sâu bọ]]. # {{w|Phân ngành Sáu chân}}. ===={{ĐM|infl}}==== {{da-noun-infl|et|er}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * {{l|da|urinsekt}} ("[[entognatha]]") ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{pedia|lang=da}} epphj9rqb6erlka7y1ihew51qakh7to son sẻ 0 198371 2573395 2573370 2026-10-25T12:31:24Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* Tiếng Việt */ Tính từ 2573395 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # Nói người [[vợ]] còn [[trẻ]] chưa có [[con]]. ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:FVDP}} 1xwfxevop3ict71vdq6vb6fxdgl4vqs perilling 0 217709 2573562 2172362 2026-10-26T02:34:25Z Hiyuune 50834 2573562 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|v}}=== {{head|en|Biến thể hình thái động từ}} # {{infl of|en|peril||ing-form}}. ak84h0uca9idpt7m2w0nmdo0ct1wg5z làm hỏng 0 238246 2573559 1870222 2026-10-26T02:30:11Z Hiyuune 50834 2573559 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb}} # Gây [[thiệt hại]], hư hao. 56597yszhu9tvk0ex3h24p8h32ob1o7 Wietnam 0 238624 2573590 2269270 2026-10-26T08:22:56Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Ba Lan */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573590 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|pl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-p|a=Pl-Wietnam.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{head|pl|Danh từ riêng|g=m}} # {{tcl|pl|Vietnam|id=Q881}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.inan.sg>}} ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|wietnamski}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|Wietnamczyk|Wietnamka}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} hakh7135o5xg1nohaijye4xw3uwwjky 2573591 2573590 2026-10-26T08:23:08Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Danh từ riêng */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573591 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|pl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-p|a=Pl-Wietnam.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{head|pl|Danh từ riêng|g=m}} # {{tcl|pl|Việt Nam|id=Q881}} ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.inan.sg>}} ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|wietnamski}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|Wietnamczyk|Wietnamka}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} kwj4j752mauq8wi1253fniqdwomn8ug pha loãng 0 241227 2573568 1350277 2026-10-26T02:40:10Z Hiyuune 50834 2573568 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb}} # Pha chế các loại [[nước uống]], làm cho nó [[loãng]] ra. #: {{syn|vi|làm loãng}} 6nxcehrasdk0c3yz9d7guvx9kpxyp6c khởi 0 242193 2573565 2141954 2026-10-26T02:36:54Z Hiyuune 50834 2573565 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb}} # Để [[bắt đầu]] một cái gì đó. mexn8wovyodq1x49kqb571k8zbxuzua 2573566 2573565 2026-10-26T02:37:13Z Hiyuune 50834 2573566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "khoi"}} =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb}} # Để [[bắt đầu]] một cái gì đó. 45kaivu0edjwweq6v06ka2etksgh9lo 2573567 2573566 2026-10-26T02:39:19Z Hiyuune 50834 2573567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "khoi"}} =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{vi-etym-sino|起}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{section|v}}=== {{vi-verb|𦜹}} # Để [[bắt đầu]] một cái gì đó. ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col3|vi|bột khởi|đột khởi|hưng khởi|hứng khởi|khấp khởi|khởi binh|khởi chiến|khởi công|khởi đầu|khởi điểm|khởi động|khởi hành|khởi hấn|khởi kiện|khởi loạn|khởi nghĩa|khởi nghiệp|khởi nguồn|khởi nguyên|khởi phát|khởi sắc|khởi sự|khởi thảo|khởi thuỷ|khởi tố|khởi tranh|khởi tử|khởi xướng|phát khởi|phấn khởi|quật khởi|rau khủ khởi|sơ khởi|tiền khởi nghĩa|tổng khởi nghĩa|vạn sự khởi đầu nan|đề khởi}} rg83q29ujz0d1fqggd4rw5y8jdfmslg 필리핀 0 246396 2573434 2278486 2026-10-25T15:00:16Z Hiyuune 50834 2573434 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ko}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{ko-IPA|cap=y}} ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{ko-pos|proper noun}} # {{tcl|ko|Philippines|id=Q928}} #: {{syn|ko|^비율빈(比律賓)|q1=lỗi thời}} ===={{ĐM|coordinate}}==== {{danh sách:quốc gia châu Á/ko}} sbaoctyxm4hqs1rdpm7zhrs17s9ixpv Úc 0 247153 2573593 1948508 2026-10-26T08:30:42Z Hiyuune 50834 2573593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "uc"}} =={{langname|vi}}== {{swp|vi:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} * {{hmp|vi|út}} * {{audio|vi|LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Úc.wav|a=Hà Nội}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-propn|head=[[Úc]]}} # {{lb|vi|colloquial}} {{sid|vi|Q408}} {{place|vi|Một <<quốc gia>> nằm ở giữa Ấn Độ Dương và Thái Bình Dương; lãnh thổ bao gồm lục địa Úc, đảo Tasmania và các đảo nhỏ lân cận|capital=Canberra|official=[[Commonwealth of Australia|Thịnh vượng chung Úc]]}}. ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{s|quốc gia}} {{l|vi|Úc Đại Lợi}}; {{vi-l|Ô-xtrây-li-a}} * {{s|lục địa}} {{l|vi|Úc Châu}}; {{vi-l|châu Úc}}; {{vi-l|lục địa Úc}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{vi-adj|head=[[Úc]]}} # {{lb|vi|colloquial}} {{demonym-adj|vi|<<c/Úc>>|t=người Úc}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:quốc gia của châu Đại Dương/vi}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|vi|cú|cu}} htsnhtpn9qusg7a64bed0xxyrk0g52s 2573594 2573593 2026-10-26T08:30:59Z Hiyuune 50834 2573594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "uc"}} =={{langname|vi}}== {{swp|vi:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} * {{hmp|vi|út}} * {{audio|vi|LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Úc.wav|a=Hà Nội}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-propn|head=[[Úc]]}} {{tlb|vi|colloquial}} # {{sid|vi|Q408}} {{place|vi|Một <<quốc gia>> nằm ở giữa Ấn Độ Dương và Thái Bình Dương; lãnh thổ bao gồm lục địa Úc, đảo Tasmania và các đảo nhỏ lân cận|capital=Canberra|official=[[Commonwealth of Australia|Thịnh vượng chung Úc]]}}. ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{s|quốc gia}} {{l|vi|Úc Đại Lợi}}; {{vi-l|Ô-xtrây-li-a}} * {{s|lục địa}} {{l|vi|Úc Châu}}; {{vi-l|châu Úc}}; {{vi-l|lục địa Úc}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{vi-adj|head=[[Úc]]}} # {{lb|vi|colloquial}} {{demonym-adj|vi|<<c/Úc>>|t=người Úc}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:quốc gia của châu Đại Dương/vi}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|vi|cú|cu}} m5lshsae04t4lfpc35ncx7qy6lbtbn3 2573595 2573594 2026-10-26T08:31:16Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tính từ */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "uc"}} =={{langname|vi}}== {{swp|vi:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} * {{hmp|vi|út}} * {{audio|vi|LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Úc.wav|a=Hà Nội}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-propn|head=[[Úc]]}} {{tlb|vi|colloquial}} # {{sid|vi|Q408}} {{place|vi|Một <<quốc gia>> nằm ở giữa Ấn Độ Dương và Thái Bình Dương; lãnh thổ bao gồm lục địa Úc, đảo Tasmania và các đảo nhỏ lân cận|capital=Canberra|official=[[Commonwealth of Australia|Thịnh vượng chung Úc]]}}. ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{s|quốc gia}} {{l|vi|Úc Đại Lợi}}; {{vi-l|Ô-xtrây-li-a}} * {{s|lục địa}} {{l|vi|Úc Châu}}; {{vi-l|châu Úc}}; {{vi-l|lục địa Úc}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{vi-adj|head=[[Úc]]}} # {{lb|vi|colloquial}} {{demonym-adj|vi|<<c/Úc>>}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:quốc gia của châu Đại Dương/vi}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|vi|cú|cu}} a2py0fro6gpcljsiq5v1axr1j83l0zf 2573614 2573595 2026-10-26T11:37:33Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* Danh từ riêng */ 2573614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "uc"}} =={{langname|vi}}== {{swp|vi:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} * {{hmp|vi|út}} * {{audio|vi|LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Úc.wav|a=Hà Nội}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-propn|head=[[Úc]]}} {{tlb|vi|colloquial}} # {{sid|vi|Q408}} {{place|vi|Một <<quốc gia>> nằm ở giữa Ấn Độ Dương và Thái Bình Dương; lãnh thổ bao gồm lục địa Úc, đảo Tasmania và các đảo nhỏ lân cận|capital=Canberra|official=Thịnh vượng chung Úc}}. ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{s|quốc gia}} {{l|vi|Úc Đại Lợi}}; {{vi-l|Ô-xtrây-li-a}} * {{s|lục địa}} {{l|vi|Úc Châu}}; {{vi-l|châu Úc}}; {{vi-l|lục địa Úc}} ==={{section|adj}}=== {{vi-adj|head=[[Úc]]}} # {{lb|vi|colloquial}} {{demonym-adj|vi|<<c/Úc>>}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:quốc gia của châu Đại Dương/vi}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|vi|cú|cu}} 4brqyhpli6dgbc3ozmfpy56uqgtac7l Pilipinas 0 255161 2573549 2254158 2026-10-25T23:26:35Z Hiyuune 50834 2573549 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|hnn}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|hnn|es|Filipinas}}, từ {{affix|es|Felipe|-ina|-s|nocat=1}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{hnn-pr}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{hnn-proper noun|b=+}} # {{tcl|hnn|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col3|hnn|Pilipino}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:hnn:Conklin 1953|page=220}} =={{langname|tl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{tl-pr}} ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{tl-proper noun|b=+}} # [[Philippines]]. ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== * [[Pinas]] tbgx7iq9gmdi3z8jknlfpn0b3p0a9ss 2573550 2573549 2026-10-25T23:31:03Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Tagalog */ 2573550 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|hnn}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|hnn|es|Filipinas}}, từ {{affix|es|Felipe|-ina|-s|nocat=1}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{hnn-pr}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{hnn-proper noun|b=+}} # {{tcl|hnn|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col3|hnn|Pilipino}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:hnn:Conklin 1953|page=220}} =={{langname|tl}}== {{wp|tl:}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|tl|Filipinas||proscribed}} * {{alt|tl|Pinas||colloquial|cắt từ}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|tl|:bor|es:Filipinas|tree=1|text=++}} {{rfe|tl}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{tl-pr|audio=LL-Q34057 (tgl)-Mlgc1998-Pilipinas.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{tl-proper noun|b=+}} # {{tcl|tl|Philippines|id=Q928}} #: {{syn|tl|Republika ng Pilipinas|Perlas ng Silanganan|Pinas<q:thông tục, cắt từ>}} ===={{section|coord}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/tl/Latn}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col3|tl|Kanlurang Dagat ng Pilipinas|Republika ng Pilipinas}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col3|tl|Pilipino}} ===={{sec|see}}==== {{col3|tl|KALIBAPI|BRP|KBP|PKP|BSP}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:Pambansang Diksiyonaryo}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|tl|a=aiiilnpps|pilipisan}} apjx5vz7zhcmmpozo6f25e7vj9j0rni Wientian 0 256756 2573597 2428827 2026-10-26T08:36:40Z Hiyuune 50834 2573597 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|pl|:bor|fr:Vientiane|text=2|tree=1}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{pl-pr|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-Wientian.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{pl-proper noun|m-in}} # {{place|pl|thủ đô|c/Lào|t1=Viêng Chăn}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.inan.sg>}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|wientiański}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|wientiańczyk|wientianka}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:pl:PWN}} ecn8wclaiuifcjsrkcyzixzgyph60ku gấu Bắc Cực 0 259336 2573475 2476151 2026-10-25T15:35:39Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{-vie-}} {{-info-}} [[File:Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) with its prey.jpg|nhỏ|Một con '''gấu Bắc Cực''' đang xẻ thịt một con [[hải cẩu râu]] trên một tảng băng ở phía bắc [[Svalbard]], [[Na Uy]].]] {{-pron-}} {{vie-pron}} {{-noun-}} '''gấu Bắc Cực''' # Một loài [[gấu]] lớn, có [[tên khoa học]] là ''[[Ursus maritimus]]'', bộ [[lông]] [[dày]] [[màu]] [[trắng]], [[phớt]] [[vàng]], không [[ngủ đông]], [[bơi]] [[lặn]] [[giỏi]], sinh sống gần [[vùng]] [[Bắc Cực]]. #: ''Một nhóm chuyên gia thời tiết Nga đã bị đàn '''gấu Bắc Cực''' bao vây khi đang làm nhiệm vụ trên đảo phủ đầy băng tuyết.'' (P.Nghĩa, “[https://nld.com.vn/thoi-su-quoc-te/dan-gau-bac-cuc-bao-vay-cac-nha-khoa-hoc-nga-20160914173409845.htm Đàn gấu Bắc Cực bao vây các nhà khoa học Nga]”, {{w|báo Người Lao động}}) {{-syn-}} * [[gấu trắng Bắc Cực]], [[gấu trắng]] {{-trans-}} {{trans-top|Một loài gấu lớn}} * {{afr}}: [[ysbeer#Tiếng Afrikaans|ysbeer]] * {{eng}}: [[polar bear#Tiếng Anh|polar bear]] * {{eus}}: [[hartz zuri#Tiếng Basque|hartz zuri]] * {{bre}}: [[arzh gwenn#Tiếng Breton|arzh gwenn]] {{g-old|m}} * {{bul}}: [[бяла мечка#Tiếng Bulgari|бяла мечка]] {{g-old|f}}, [[полярна мечка#Tiếng Bulgari|полярна мечка]] {{g-old|f}} * {{nld}}: [[ijsbeer#Tiếng Hà Lan|ijsbeer]] {{g-old|m}} * {{fra}}: [[ours blanc#Tiếng Pháp|ours blanc]] {{g-old|m}} {{trans-bottom}} [[Thể loại:Danh từ tiếng Việt]] refc87jx2mj3jdoddmwc22ujzxnskcx 2573477 2573475 2026-10-25T15:36:37Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573477 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== {{-info-}} [[File:Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) with its prey.jpg|nhỏ|Một con '''gấu Bắc Cực''' đang xẻ thịt một con [[hải cẩu râu]] trên một tảng băng ở phía bắc [[Svalbard]], [[Na Uy]].]] ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vie-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # Một loài [[gấu]] lớn, có [[tên khoa học]] là ''[[Ursus maritimus]]'', bộ [[lông]] [[dày]] [[màu]] [[trắng]], [[phớt]] [[vàng]], không [[ngủ đông]], [[bơi]] [[lặn]] [[giỏi]], sinh sống gần [[vùng]] [[Bắc Cực]]. #: ''Một nhóm chuyên gia thời tiết Nga đã bị đàn '''gấu Bắc Cực''' bao vây khi đang làm nhiệm vụ trên đảo phủ đầy băng tuyết.'' (P.Nghĩa, “[https://nld.com.vn/thoi-su-quoc-te/dan-gau-bac-cuc-bao-vay-cac-nha-khoa-hoc-nga-20160914173409845.htm Đàn gấu Bắc Cực bao vây các nhà khoa học Nga]”, {{w|báo Người Lao động}}) ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== * [[gấu trắng Bắc Cực]], [[gấu trắng]] ===={{ĐM|trans}}==== {{trans-top|Một loài gấu lớn}} * {{afr}}: [[ysbeer#Tiếng Afrikaans|ysbeer]] * {{eng}}: [[polar bear#Tiếng Anh|polar bear]] * {{eus}}: [[hartz zuri#Tiếng Basque|hartz zuri]] * {{bre}}: [[arzh gwenn#Tiếng Breton|arzh gwenn]] {{g-old|m}} * {{bul}}: [[бяла мечка#Tiếng Bulgari|бяла мечка]] {{g-old|f}}, [[полярна мечка#Tiếng Bulgari|полярна мечка]] {{g-old|f}} * {{nld}}: [[ijsbeer#Tiếng Hà Lan|ijsbeer]] {{g-old|m}} * {{fra}}: [[ours blanc#Tiếng Pháp|ours blanc]] {{g-old|m}} {{trans-bottom}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} [[Thể loại:Danh từ tiếng Việt]] 3eyyz4lhjb1ayh6sj2zmfxc7oeykjrd Mô đun:quote 828 259961 2573521 2560319 2026-10-25T16:25:32Z TheHighFighter2 42988 2573521 Scribunto text/plain --[=[ This module contains functions to implement quote-* templates. Author: Benwing2; conversion into Lua of {{quote-meta/source}} template, written by Sgconlaw with some help from Erutuon and Benwing2. The main interface is quote_t(). Note that the source display is handled by source(), which reads both the arguments passed to it *and* the arguments passed to the parent template, with the former overriding the latter. ]=] local export = {} -- Named constants for all modules used, to make it easier to swap out sandbox versions. local check_isxn_module = "Module:check isxn" local debug_track_module = "Module:debug/track" local en_utilities_module = "Module:en-utilities" local italics_module = "Module:italics" local labels_module = "Module:labels" local languages_module = "Module:languages" local languages_error_module = "Module:languages/error" local links_module = "Module:links" local number_utilities_module = "Module:number utilities" local parameters_module = "Module:parameters" local parse_utilities_module = "Module:parse utilities" local qualifier_module = "Module:qualifier" local roman_numerals_module = "Module:roman numerals" local scribunto_module = "Module:Scribunto" local script_utilities_module = "Module:script utilities" local scripts_module = "Module:scripts" local string_pattern_escape_module = "Module:string/patternEscape" local string_replacement_escape_module = "Module:string/replacementEscape" local string_utilities_module = "Module:string utilities" local table_module = "Module:table" local template_parser_module = "Module:template parser" local usex_module = "Module:usex" local usex_templates_module = "Module:usex/templates" local utilities_module = "Module:utilities" local yesno_module = "Module:yesno" local concat = table.concat local insert = table.insert local new_title = mw.title.new local remove = table.remove local require = require local sort = table.sort local u = mw.ustring.char local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub local umatch = mw.ustring.match local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility -- Use HTML entities here to avoid parsing issues (esp. with brackets) local SEMICOLON_SPACE = "&#59; " local SPACE_LBRAC = " &#91;" local RBRAC = "&#93;" local TEMP_LT = u(0xFFF1) local TEMP_GT = u(0xFFF2) local TEMP_LBRAC = u(0xFFF3) local TEMP_RBRAC = u(0xFFF4) local TEMP_SEMICOLON = u(0xFFF5) local function apply_subst(...) apply_subst = require(usex_module).apply_subst return apply_subst(...) end local function check_isbn(...) check_isbn = require(check_isxn_module).check_isbn return check_isbn(...) end local function check_issn(...) check_issn = require(check_isxn_module).check_issn return check_issn(...) end local function debug_track(...) debug_track = require(debug_track_module) return debug_track(...) end local function decode_entities(...) decode_entities = require(string_utilities_module).decode_entities return decode_entities(...) end local function embedded_language_links(...) embedded_language_links = require(links_module).embedded_language_links return embedded_language_links(...) end local function escape_wikicode(...) escape_wikicode = require(parse_utilities_module).escape_wikicode return escape_wikicode(...) end local function find_best_script_without_lang(...) find_best_script_without_lang = require(scripts_module).findBestScriptWithoutLang return find_best_script_without_lang(...) end local function find_parameters(...) find_parameters = require(template_parser_module).find_parameters return find_parameters(...) end local function format_categories(...) format_categories = require(utilities_module).format_categories return format_categories(...) end local function format_processed_labels(...) format_processed_labels = require(labels_module).format_processed_labels return format_processed_labels(...) end local function format_qualifier(...) format_qualifier = require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier return format_qualifier(...) end local function format_usex(...) format_usex = require(usex_module).format_usex return format_usex(...) end local function get_lang(...) get_lang = require(languages_module).getByCode return get_lang(...) end local function get_number(...) get_number = require(number_utilities_module).get_number return get_number(...) end local function get_script(...) get_script = require(scripts_module).getByCode return get_script(...) end local function gsplit(...) gsplit = require(string_utilities_module).gsplit return gsplit(...) end local function page_should_be_ignored(...) page_should_be_ignored = require(usex_templates_module).page_should_be_ignored return page_should_be_ignored(...) end local function parse_inline_modifiers(...) parse_inline_modifiers = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers return parse_inline_modifiers(...) end local function parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...) parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments return parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments(...) end local function parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...) parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run return parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run(...) end local function parse_term_with_lang(...) parse_term_with_lang = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_term_with_lang return parse_term_with_lang(...) end local function pattern_escape(...) pattern_escape = require(string_pattern_escape_module) return pattern_escape(...) end local function pluralize(...) pluralize = require(en_utilities_module).pluralize return pluralize(...) end local function process_params(...) process_params = require(parameters_module).process return process_params(...) end local function remove_links(...) remove_links = require(links_module).remove_links return remove_links(...) end local function roman_to_arabic(...) roman_to_arabic = require(roman_numerals_module).roman_to_arabic return roman_to_arabic(...) end local function replacement_escape(...) replacement_escape = require(string_replacement_escape_module) return replacement_escape(...) end local function scribunto_parameter_key(...) scribunto_parameter_key = require(scribunto_module).scribunto_parameter_key return scribunto_parameter_key(...) end local function serial_comma_join(...) serial_comma_join = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin return serial_comma_join(...) end local function shallow_copy(...) shallow_copy = require(table_module).shallowCopy return shallow_copy(...) end local function split(...) split = require(string_utilities_module).split return split(...) end local function split_alternating_runs(...) split_alternating_runs = require(parse_utilities_module).split_alternating_runs return split_alternating_runs(...) end local function split_and_process_raw_labels(...) split_and_process_raw_labels = require(labels_module).split_and_process_raw_labels return split_and_process_raw_labels(...) end local function split_on_comma(...) split_on_comma = require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma return split_on_comma(...) end local function tag_text(...) tag_text = require(script_utilities_module).tag_text return tag_text(...) end local function tag_transcription(...) tag_transcription = require(script_utilities_module).tag_transcription return tag_transcription(...) end local function tag_translit(...) tag_translit = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit return tag_translit(...) end local function ulen(...) ulen = require(string_utilities_module).len return ulen(...) end local function unitalicize_brackets(...) unitalicize_brackets = require(italics_module).unitalicize_brackets return unitalicize_brackets(...) end local function upper(...) upper = require(string_utilities_module).upper return upper(...) end local function usub(...) usub = require(string_utilities_module).sub return usub(...) end local function yesno(...) yesno = require(yesno_module) return yesno(...) end local function track(page) debug_track("quote/" .. page) end local function maintenance_line(text) return '<span class="maintenance-line">(' .. text .. ")</span>" end local function isbn(text) return "[[Special:BookSources/" .. text .. "|→ISBN]]" .. check_isbn( text, '&nbsp;<span class="error" style="font-size:88%">Invalid&nbsp;ISBN</span>[[Category:Pages with ISBN errors]]' ) end local function issn(text) return "[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/" .. text .. " →ISSN]" .. check_issn( text, '&nbsp;<span class="error" style="font-size:88%">Invalid&nbsp;ISSN</span>[[Category:Pages with ISSN errors]]' ) end local function lccn(text) text = text:gsub(" ", "") if text:find("-") then -- old-style LCCN; reformat per request by [[User:The Editor's Apprentice]] local prefix, part1, part2 = text:match("^(.-)(%d+)%-(%d+)$") if prefix then if ulen(part2) < 6 then part2 = ("0"):rep(6 - ulen(part2)) .. part2 end text = prefix .. part1 .. part2 end end return "[https://lccn.loc.gov/" .. mw.uri.encode(text) .. " →LCCN]" end local function format_date(text) return mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction("#formatdate", text, "dmy") end -- Parse a raw lb= param (or nil) to individual label info objects and then concatenate them appropriately into a -- qualifier input, respecting flags like `omit_preComma` and `omit_postSpace` in the label specs. local function parse_and_format_labels(raw_lb, lang) if not raw_lb then return nil end local labels = split_and_process_raw_labels{labels = raw_lb, lang = lang, nocat = true} labels = format_processed_labels{labels = labels, lang = lang, no_ib_content = true} if labels ~= "" then -- not sure labels can be an empty string but it seems possible in some circumstances return {labels} end end -- Convert a comma-separated list of language codes to a comma-separated list of language names. `fullname` is the -- name of the parameter from which the list of language codes was fetched. local function format_langs(langs) local names = {} for i, lang in ipairs(langs) do names[i] = lang:getCanonicalName() end if #names == 1 then return names[1] end return serial_comma_join(names) end local function get_first_lang(langs) return langs[1] or get_lang("und") end --[=[ Normally we parse off inline modifiers and language code prefixes in various places, e.g. he:מרים<tr:Miryem>. But we exclude HTML entries with <span ...>, <i ...>, <br/> or similar in it, caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Basically, all tags of the sort we parse here should consist of a less-than sign, plus letters, plus a colon, e.g. <tr:...>, so if we see a tag on the outer level that isn't in this format, we don't try to parse it. The restriction to the outer level is to allow generated HTML inside of e.g. qualifier modifiers, such as foo<q:similar to {{m|fr|bar}}> (if we end up supporting such modifiers). Also exclude things that look like URL's from being parsed as having language code prefixes. ]=] local function val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) return val:find("^[^<]*<%l*[^%l:]") or val:find("^%l+://") end local param_mods = { t = { -- <t:...> and <gloss:...> are aliases. item_dest = "gloss", }, gloss = {}, alt = {}, tr = {}, ts = {}, subst = {}, sc = {type = "script"}, f = { convert = function(arg, parse_err) local prefix, val = arg:match("^(.-):([^ ].*)$") if not prefix then prefix = "" val = arg end local tags, sc_code, sc = prefix:match("^(.*)/(.-)$") if sc_code then sc = get_script(sc_code) or require(languages_error_module)(sc_code, parse_err, "script code", nil, "not real lang") else tags = prefix end local quals if tags ~= "" then quals = split_on_comma(tags) for i, qual in ipairs(quals) do local obj = get_lang(qual, nil, "allow etym") or get_script(qual) quals[i] = obj or qual end end return { quals = quals, sc = sc, val = val, } end, store = "insert", }, q = {}, qq = {}, } local function generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname) local obj = {} if text:find(":[^ ]") or text:find("%[%[") then local display, is_wikipedia_wikisource obj.text, obj.lang, obj.link, display, is_wikipedia_wikisource = parse_term_with_lang { term = text, parse_err = parse_err, paramname = paramname } -- HACK: If object is a Wikipedia or Wikisource link, we need to convert it to a two-part link -- to avoid the w: or s: prefix showing. We should probably avoid this by calling -- language_link() (in [[Module:links]]) in format_annotated_text() instead of the hacky stuff -- that we currently do; but we need to test that carefully to make sure it doesn't do things like -- munge % signs. if is_wikipedia_wikisource and not obj.text:find("%[%[") and not obj.text:find("%]%]") then -- Don't directly set .alt, because then if the user specifies <alt:...>, it will cause an error in -- parse_inline_modifiers(). obj.display = display end else obj.text = text obj.link = text end return obj end --[=[ Parse a textual property that may be in a foreign language or script and may be annotated with a language prefix and/or inline modifiers. `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the <t:...> or <gloss:...> inline modifier. If `val` is nil, the return value of this function is nil. Otherwise it is parsed for a language prefix (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف') and inline modifiers (e.g. 'ar:مُؤَلِّف<t:Author>'), and the return value is an object with the following fields: `lang`: The language object corresponding to the language prefix, if specified, or nil if no language prefix is given. `text`: The text after stripping off any language prefix and inline modifiers. `link`: The link part of the text if it consists of a two-part link; otherwise, same as `text`. `alt`: Display text specified using the <alt:...> modifier, if given; otherwise, nil. `subst`: Substitutions used to generate the transliteration, in the same format as the subst= parameter. `sc`: The script object corresponding to the <sc:...> modifier, if given; otherwise nil. `tr`: The transliteration corresponding to the <tr:...> modifier, if given; otherwise nil. `ts`: The transcription corresponding to the <ts:...> modifier, if given; otherwise nil. `gloss`: The gloss/translation corresponding to the `explicit_gloss` parameter (if given and non-nil), otherwise the <t:...> or <gloss:...> modifiers if given, otherwise nil. `f`: Foreign versions of the text. `q`: Left qualifiers. `qq`: Right qualifiers. Note that as a special case, if `val` contains HTML tags at the top level (e.g. '<span class="Arab">...</span>', as might be generated by specifying {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}}), no language prefix or inline modifiers are parsed, and the return value has the `noscript` field set to true, which tells format_annotated_text() not to try to identify the script of the text and CSS-tag the text accordingly, but to leave the text untagged. This object can be passed to format_annotated_text() to format a string displaying the text (appropriately script-tagged, unless `noscript` is set, as described above) and modifiers. ]=] local function parse_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss) if not val then return nil end -- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with <span ...>, <i ...>, <br/> or similar in it, caused -- by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed as having -- language code prefixes. See val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations() for more information. If we find a -- parameter value with top-level HTML in it, add 'noscript = true' to indicate that we should not try to do script -- inference and tagging. (Otherwise, e.g. if you specify {{lang|ar|مُؤَلِّف}} as the author, you'll get an extra big -- font coming from the fact that {{lang|...}} wraps the Arabic text in CSS that increases the size from the -- default, and then we do script detection and again wrap the text in the same CSS, which increases the size even -- more.) if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then return {text = val, link = val, noscript = true, gloss = explicit_gloss} end local obj if val:find("<") then -- Check for inline modifier. obj = parse_inline_modifiers(val, { paramname = fullname, param_mods = param_mods, generate_obj = generate_obj_annotated_text, }) else obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname) end if explicit_gloss then obj.gloss = explicit_gloss end return obj end local html_entity_char_to_replacement = { ["<"] = TEMP_LT, [">"] = TEMP_GT, ["["] = TEMP_LBRAC, ["]"] = TEMP_RBRAC, } local function html_entity_replacement(entity, code_without_semicolon, hash, xcode, x, code) -- Try to decode the entity. If successful, Replace certain special HTML entities (those that are bracket-like) -- with single Unicode characters; otherwise, replace the semicolon with a special character so it won't get -- interpreted as a delimiter. local ch = decode_entities(entity) if ch ~= entity then return html_entity_char_to_replacement[ch] or code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON end -- If the entity doesn't decode, escape it anyway iff it follows a valid format. if hash == "" then -- Any nonstandard MediaWiki-only entities have now been filtered off, so treat any non-ASCII characters as -- invalid. return xcode:match("^[^\128-\255]+$") and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity elseif x == "" then return xcode:match("^%d+$") and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity end return code:match("^%x+$") and code_without_semicolon .. TEMP_SEMICOLON or entity end local html_entity_replacement_to_char = { [TEMP_LT] = "&lt;", [TEMP_GT] = "&gt;", [TEMP_LBRAC] = "&#91;", [TEMP_RBRAC] = "&#93;", [TEMP_SEMICOLON] = ";", } local function undo_html_entity_replacement(txt) -- Pattern covers everything in html_entity_replacement_to_char. return (txt:gsub("\239\191[\177-\181]", html_entity_replacement_to_char)) end -- NOTE: We try hard to optimize this function for the common cases and avoid loading [[Module:parse utilities]] -- in such cases. The cases we can handle without loading [[Module:parse utilities]] are single values (no -- semicolons present) without inline modifiers or language prefixes, and multi-entity values (semicolons present) -- without (a) brackets of any kind (including parens, braces and angle brackets; angle brackets typically indicate -- inline modifiers and other brackets may protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a delimiter); -- (b) ampersands (which may indicate HTML entities, which protect a semicolon from being interpreted as a -- delimiter); and (c) colons not followed by a space (which may indicate a language prefix). local function generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname, no_undo_html_entity_replacement) local obj = generate_obj_annotated_text(text, parse_err, paramname) if not no_undo_html_entity_replacement then obj.text = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.text) obj.link = undo_html_entity_replacement(obj.link) end return obj end --[=[ Similar to parse_annotated_text() but the parameter value may contain multiple semicolon-separated entities, each with their own inline modifiers. Some examples: * mainauthor=Paula Pattengale; Terea Sonsthagen * author=Katie Brick; J. Cody Nielsen; Greg Jao; Eric Paul Rogers; John A. Monson * author=Suzanne Brockmann; Patrick G. Lawlor (Patrick Girard); Melanie Ewbank * author=G Ristori; et al. * author=Jason Scott; zh:王晰宁<t:Wang Xining> * editors=zh:包文俊; zh:金心雯 * quotee=zh:張福運<t:Chang Fu-yun>; zh:張景文<t:Chang Ching-wen> There may be embedded semicolons within brackets, braces or parens that should not be treated as delimiters, e.g.: * author=Oliver Optic [pseudonym; {{w|William Taylor Adams}}] * author=author=Shannon Drake (pen name; {{w|Heather Graham Pozzessere}}) * author=James (the Elder;) Humphrys There may also be HTML entities with semicolons in them: * author=&#91;{{w|Gilbert Clerke}}&#93; * 2ndauthor=Martin Biddle &amp; Sally Badham * author=Peter Christen Asbj&oslash;rnsen There may be both embedded semicolons and HTML entities with semicolons in them: * author=&#91;{{w|Voltaire}} [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet]&#93; In general we want to treat &#91; like an opening bracket and &#93; like a closing bracket. Beware that they may be mismatched: * author=Anonymous &#91;{{w|Karl Maria Kertbeny}}] Here, `val` is the value of the parameter and `fullname` is the name of the parameter from which the value was retrieved. `explicit_gloss`, if specified and non-nil, overrides any gloss specified using the <t:...> or <gloss:...> inline modifier, and `explicit_gloss_fullname` is the name of the parameter from which this value was retrieved. (If `explicit_gloss` is specified and multiple values were seen, an error results.) Return value is a list of objects of the same sort as returned by parse_annotated_text(). ]=] local function parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname, explicit_gloss, explicit_gloss_fullname) if not val then return nil end -- NOTE: In the code that follows, we use `entity` most of the time to refer to one of the semicolon-separated -- values in the multivalued param. Entities are most commonly people (typically authors, editors, translators or -- the like), but may be the names of publishers, locations, or other entities. "Entity" can also refer to HTML -- entities; in the places where this occurs, the variable name contains 'html' in it. local splitchar, english_delim if val:find("^,") then splitchar = "," english_delim = "comma" val = val:gsub("^,", "") else splitchar = ";" english_delim = "semicolon" end -- Optimization #1: No semicolons/commas or angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers). if not val:find("[<" .. splitchar .. "]") then if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val) then return {{text = val, link = val, noscript = true}} else return {generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(val, nil, fullname, "no undo html entity replacement")} end end -- Optimization #2: Semicolons/commas but no angle brackets (indicating inline modifiers), braces, brackets, or -- parens (any of which would protect the semicolon/comma from interpretation as a delimiter), and no ampersand -- (which might indicate an HTML entity with a terminating semicolon, which should not be interpreted as a -- delimiter). if not val:find("[<>%[%](){}&]") then local entity_objs = {} for entity in gsplit(val, "%s*" .. splitchar .. "%s*") do if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(entity) then insert(entity_objs, { text = entity, link = entity, noscript = true }) else insert(entity_objs, generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity, nil, fullname, "no undo html entity replacement")) end end return entity_objs end -- Escape HTML entities, and get rid of directionality markers. local amp = val:find("&", nil, true) if amp then -- The pattern is more permissive than the usual entity pattern, as MediaWiki has some nonstandard entities -- that have non-ASCII characters in their codes. val = val:gsub("((&(#?)(([xX]?)([%w\128-\255]+)));)", html_entity_replacement) end -- Pattern covers left-to-right (U+200E) and right-to-left (U+200F). val = val:gsub("\226\128[\142\143]", "") -- Parse balanced segment runs, treating HTML entities for left and right bracket and left and right angle bracket -- as matching literal versions of the same characters. local entity_runs = parse_multi_delimiter_balanced_segment_run( val, {{"[" .. TEMP_LBRAC, "]" .. TEMP_RBRAC}, {"(", ")"}, {"{", "}"}, {"<" .. TEMP_LT, ">" .. TEMP_GT}}, true ) if type(entity_runs) == "string" then local undo_val = undo_html_entity_replacement(val) -- Parse error due to unbalanced delimiters. Don't throw an error here; instead, don't attempt to parse off -- any annotations, but return the value directly, maybe allowing script tagging (not allowing it if it appears -- the text is already script-tagged). return {{text = undo_val, link = undo_val, noscript = not not val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(val)}} end -- Split on semicolon (or comma), possibly surrounded by whitespace. local separated_groups = split_alternating_runs(entity_runs, "%s*" .. splitchar .. "%s*") -- Process each value. local entity_objs = {} for _, entity_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do -- Rejoin runs that don't involve <...>. local j = 2 while j <= #entity_group do if not entity_group[j]:find("^<.*>$") then entity_group[j - 1] = entity_group[j - 1] .. entity_group[j] .. entity_group[j + 1] remove(entity_group, j) remove(entity_group, j) else j = j + 2 end end local oneval = undo_html_entity_replacement(concat(entity_group)) -- When checking for inline modifiers, exclude HTML entry with <span ...>, <i ...>, <br/> or similar in it, -- caused by wrapping an argument in {{l|...}}, {{lang|...}} or similar. Also exclude URL's from being parsed -- as having language code prefixes. This works analogously to parse_annotated_text(); see there for more. if val_should_not_be_parsed_for_annotations(oneval) then insert(entity_objs, { text = oneval, link = oneval, noscript = true }) else local obj if #entity_group > 1 then -- Check for inline modifier. obj = parse_inline_modifiers_from_segments({ group = entity_group, arg = oneval, props = { paramname = fullname, param_mods = param_mods, generate_obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text, }, }) else obj = generate_obj_multivalued_annotated_text(entity_group[1], nil, fullname) end insert(entity_objs, obj) end end if explicit_gloss then if #entity_objs > 1 then error( ( "Can't specify |%s= along with multiple %s-separated entities in |%s=; use the <t:...> " .. "inline modifier attached to the individual entities" ):format(explicit_gloss_fullname, english_delim, fullname) ) end entity_objs[1].gloss = explicit_gloss end return entity_objs end --[=[ Format a text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is conceptually similar to the full_link() function in [[Module:links]], but displays the annotations in a different format that is more appropriate for bibliographic entries. The output looks like this: TEXT [TRANSLIT /TRANSCRIPTION/, GLOSS] `textobj` is as returned by parse_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func`, if supplied, is a function of one argument to further wrap the text after it has been processed and CSS-tagged appropriately, directly before insertion. `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the gloss. ]=] local function format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) if not textobj then return nil end local text, link = textobj.text, textobj.link local subst, tr, ts, f, gloss = textobj.subst, textobj.tr, textobj.ts, textobj.f, textobj.gloss -- Retrieve the display text, either specified by the user (.alt) or by parse_annotated_text() (.display) when a -- Wikipedia link is given. local alt = textobj.alt or textobj.display if alt then if link:find("%[%[") or link:find("%]%]") then local errmsg = ("Can't currently handle embedded links in '%s', with <alt:...> text '%s'"):format(link, alt) error(escape_wikicode(errmsg)) end text = ("[[%s|%s]]"):format(link, alt) end -- See above for `noscript`, meaning HTML was found in the text value, probably generated using {{lang|...}}. -- {{lang}} already script-tags the text and processes embedded language links, so we don't want to do it again (in -- fact, the code below within the if-clause is similar to what {{lang}} does). In such a case, an explicit language -- won't be available and find_best_script_without_lang() may not be accurate, so we can't do automatic transliteration. if not textobj.noscript then local lang = textobj.lang -- As an optimization, don't do script detection on an argument that contains only ASCII. local sc = textobj.sc or lang and lang:findBestScript(text) or not text:find("^[ -~]$") and find_best_script_without_lang(text) or nil -- As an optimization, don't do any of the following if there's no language, script, translit or transcription, -- as will be the case with simple ASCII values. if lang or sc or tr or ts then if not lang then lang = get_lang("und") end if tr == "-" then tr = nil elseif not tr and sc and not sc:getCode():find("Lat") then -- Latn, Latf, Latg, pjt-Latn -- might return nil local text_for_tr = text if subst then text_for_tr = apply_subst(text_for_tr, subst) else text_for_tr = remove_links(text) end tr = (lang:transliterate(text_for_tr, sc)) end if text:find("%[%[") then -- FIXME: embedded_language_links() replaces % signs with their URL-encoded equivalents, -- which messes up URL's that may be present (e.g. if chapterurl= is given). IMO this -- should not happen, and embedded_language_links() should do nothing if no embedded links -- are present. To work around this, only call embedded_language_links() when there are -- embedded links present. text = embedded_language_links({ term = text, lang = lang, sc = sc, }) end if lang:getCode() ~= "und" or sc:getCode() ~= "Latn" then text = tag_text(text, lang, sc) end if tr then -- Should we link to the transliteration of languages with lang:link_tr()? Probably not because `text` is not -- likely to be a term that has an entry. tr = tag_translit(tr, lang, "usex") end if ts then ts = tag_transcription(ts, lang, "usex") end end end text = unitalicize_brackets(text) if tag_text_func then text = tag_text_func(text) end local parts = {} if textobj.q then insert(parts, format_qualifier(textobj.q) .. " ") end insert(parts, text) if tr or ts or f or gloss then insert(parts, SPACE_LBRAC) local subparts = {} if tr or ts then local tr_ts if ts then ts = "/" .. ts .. "/" end if tr and ts then tr_ts = tr .. " " .. ts else tr_ts = tr or ts end insert(subparts, tr_ts) end if f then for _, ff in ipairs(f) do local sc = ff.sc local lang if not sc and ff.quals then local qual = ff.quals[1] if type(qual) == "string" then -- do nothing; we'll do script detection farther down elseif qual:hasType("script") then sc = qual else -- language sc = qual:findBestScript(ff.val) lang = qual end end if not lang then lang = get_lang("und") end sc = sc or find_best_script_without_lang(ff.val) local val = embedded_language_links({ term = ff.val, lang = lang, sc = sc, }) if lang:getCode() ~= "und" or sc:getCode() ~= "Latn" then val = tag_text(val, lang, sc) end local qual_prefix if ff.quals then for i, qual in ipairs(ff.quals) do if type(qual) ~= "string" and (qual:hasType("script") or qual:hasType("language")) then ff.quals[i] = qual:getCanonicalName() end end qual_prefix = concat(ff.quals, "/") .. ": " else qual_prefix = "" end insert(subparts, qual_prefix .. val) end end if gloss then gloss = '<span class="e-translation">' .. gloss .. "</span>" gloss = unitalicize_brackets(gloss) if tag_gloss_func then gloss = tag_gloss_func(gloss) end insert(subparts, gloss) end insert(parts, concat(subparts, ", ")) insert(parts, RBRAC) end if textobj.qq then insert(parts, " " .. format_qualifier(textobj.qq)) end return concat(parts) end --[=[ Format a multivalued text property that may be in a foreign language or script, along with annotations. This is the multivalued analog to format_annotated_text(), and formats each individual entity using format_annotated_text(), joining the results with `delimiter`, which defaults to ", ". It `delimiter` is "and" or "or", join the results using serial_comma_join() with the specified conjunction. `textobjs` is as returned by parse_multivalued_annotated_text(). `tag_text_func` and `tag_gloss_func` are as in format_annotated_text(). ]=] local function format_multivalued_annotated_text(textobjs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) if not textobjs then return nil end if #textobjs == 1 then return format_annotated_text(textobjs[1], tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) end local parts = {} for _, textobj in ipairs(textobjs) do insert(parts, format_annotated_text(textobj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)) end -- Change delimiter to semicolon if the items themselves contain commas (e.g., in ", Jr.") local use_semicolon = false for _, obj in ipairs(textobjs) do -- Use remove_links to ignore commas in links if obj.text and remove_links(obj.text):find(", ") then use_semicolon = true break end end local n = #parts if n > 0 and parts[n]:match("^'*et al[.']*$") then -- Special handling for 'et al.' parts[n] = "''và đồng nghiệp''" if n == 2 then -- author et al. return concat(parts, " ") else -- author 1, author 2, et al. return concat(parts, (use_semicolon and "; ") or ", ") end if delimiter == "và" or delimiter == "hoặc" then delimiter = ", " end return concat(parts, delimiter) end if delimiter == "và" or delimiter == "hoặc" then return serial_comma_join(parts, {conj = delimiter}) end return concat(parts, delimiter or ((use_semicolon and "; ") or ", ")) end -- Fancy version of ine() (if-not-empty). Converts empty string to nil, but also strips leading/trailing space. local function ine(arg) if not arg then return nil elseif type(arg) ~= "string" then return arg end arg = mw.text.trim(arg) if arg == "" then return nil end return arg end local abbrs = { ["a."] = {anchor = "a.", full = "trước"}, ["c."] = {anchor = "kh.", full = "khoảng"}, ["kh."] = {anchor = "kh.", full = "khoảng"}, ["p."] = {anchor = "p.", full = "sau"}, } -- Process prefixes 'a.' (ante), 'c.' (circa) and 'p.' (post) at the beginning of an arbitrary date or year spec. -- Returns two values, the formatted version of the prefix and the date spec minus the prefix. If no prefix is found, -- returns an empty string and the full date. local function process_ante_circa_post(date) local prefix = usub(date, 1, 2) local abbr = abbrs[prefix] local abbr_prefix = "" if abbr then abbr_prefix = "''[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#" .. abbr.anchor .. '|<abbr title="' .. abbr.full .. '">' .. abbr.anchor .. "</abbr>]]'' " -- Remove lowercase letter, period, and space from beginning of date parameter. date = ugsub(date, "^%l%.%s*", "") end return abbr_prefix, date end -- Format the arguments that specify the date of the quotation. These include the following: -- |date=: The date. If |start_date= is given, this is the end date. -- |year=, |month=: Year and month of quotation date or end of range, if |date= isn't given. -- |start_date=: The start date, to specify a range. -- |start_year=, |start_month=: Year and month of start of range, if |start_date= isn't given. -- |accessdate=: Date a website was accessed; processed if no other date was given. -- |nodate=: Indicate that no date is present; otherwise a maintenance line will be displayed if there is no date. -- -- If `parampref` and/or `paramsuf` are given, this modifies all the date arguments accordingly. For example, if -- `parampref` == "orig" and `paramsuf` is omitted, the date is specified using |origdate= or |origyear=/|origmonth=, -- and the start of the range is |origstart_date=, etc. Similarly, if `parampref` is omitted and `paramsuf` is -- "_published", the date is specified using |date_published= or |year_published=/|month_published=, and the start of -- the range is |start_date_published=, etc. -- -- `a` and `get_full_paramname` are functions with the same interpretation as the local functions of the same name in -- source(). These are used to fetch parameters and get their full names. Note that this may cause all arguments to -- have an index added to them (|date2=, |year2=, |month2=, etc.). -- -- `alias_map` is as in source() and is used to map canonical arguments to their aliases when aliases were used. -- -- If `bold_year` is given, displayed years are boldfaced unless boldface is present in the parameter value. -- -- If `maintenance_line_no_date` is specified, it should be a string that will be returned if no date is found (i.e. -- neither |date= nor |year=, or their appropriate equivalents per `parampref` and `paramsuf`, are specified, and -- neither |nodate= is given to indicate that there is no date, or |accessdate= is given). -- -- Returns two values: the formatted date and a boolean indicating whether to add a maintenance category -- [[:Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]]. The first return value will be nil if nothing is to be added -- (in which case the scond return value will always be nil). local function format_date_args( a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, parampref, paramsuf, bold_year, maintenance_line_no_date, year_last ) local output = {} parampref = parampref or "" paramsuf = paramsuf or "" local function getp(param) return a(parampref .. param .. paramsuf) end local function pname(param) local fullname = get_full_paramname(parampref .. param .. paramsuf) return alias_map[fullname] or fullname end -- Format `timestamp` (a timestamp referencing a date) according to the spec in `code`. `param` is the base name of -- the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched, for error messages. local function format_date_with_code(code, timestamp, param) local language = mw.getContentLanguage() local ok, date = pcall(language.formatDate, language, code, timestamp) if ok then return date else -- All the formats used in format_date_args() are fine, so the timestamp must be at fault. error( ( "Timestamp |%s=%s (possibly canonicalized from its original format) could not be parsed; see the " .. "[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time|documentation for the #time parser function]]" ):format(pname(param), tostring(timestamp)) ) end end -- Try to figure out if the given timestamp has the day of the month explicitly given. We use the following -- algorithm: -- 1. Format as year-month-day; if the day is not 1, the day was explicitly given, since if only the year/month are -- given, the day shows up as 1. -- 2. If the day shows up as 1 and there isn't a 1 or 01 in the timestamp, the day wasn't explicitly given. -- 3. Otherwise, if there are three separate numbers (e.g. 2022-07-01), or two separate numbers plus a capitalized -- letter (taken as an English month, e.g. 2022 July 1), the day was explicitly given, otherwise not. -- -- `param` is the base name of the parameter from which the timestamp was fetched. local function date_has_day_specified(timestamp, param) local day = format_date_with_code("j", timestamp, param) if day ~= "1" then return true end local english_month = timestamp:find("%u") local canon_timestamp = mw.text.trim((timestamp:gsub("%D+", " "))) local seen_nums = split(canon_timestamp, " ", true) local saw_one = false for _, num in ipairs(seen_nums) do if num == "1" or num == "01" then saw_one = true break end end if not saw_one then return false end return #seen_nums >= 3 or english_month and #seen_nums >= 2 end -- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3. `explicit_day_given` indicates whether to include -- the day; if false, the return value will be e.g. '''2023''' August. `date_param` is the base name of the param -- from which the date was fetched, for error messages. local function format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param) local day_month_code = explicit_day_given and "j F" or "F" local month_day_code = explicit_day_given and "d/m/" or "F" if year_last then if bold_year then -- This formats like "3 August '''2023'''" (or "August '''2023'''" if day not explicitly given). return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. " '''Y'''", date, date_param) else -- This formats like "3 August 2023" (or "August 2023" if day not explicitly given). return format_date_with_code(day_month_code .. " Y", date, date_param) end else if bold_year then -- This formats like "'''2023''' August 3" (or "'''2023''' August" if day not explicitly given). return format_date_with_code("'''" .. month_day_code .. "Y'''", date, date_param) else -- This formats like "2023 August 3" (or "2023 August" if day not explicitly given). return format_date_with_code(month_day_code .. "Y", date, date_param) end end end -- The formatDate method of the mw.language object behaves like the {{#time:}} parser function, which doesn't -- accept the formats "monthday monthname, year" or "year monthname monthday", but outputs garbage when it receives -- them, behavior inherited from PHP. {{#formatdate:}} magic word is more forgiving. Fix dates so that, for -- instance, the |date= parameter of {{quote-journal}} (which uses this code) and the |accessdate= parameter (which -- uses {{#formatdate:}}) accept similar date formats. See: -- * [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.language:formatDate]] -- * [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]] -- * [[mw:Help:Magic_words#Formatting]] -- `date` is the date spec from the user, which is assumed to come from a parameter whose base name ends in "date"; -- `parampref` is the prefix added to "date" to get the parameter name. local function fix_date(date, param_pref) if tonumber(date) ~= nil then error( ("|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s= for year"):format( pname(param_pref .. "date"), pname(param_pref .. "year") ) ) elseif date and date:find("%s*%a+,%s*%d+%s*$") then error( ("|%s= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |%s=, |%s= for month and year"):format( pname(param_pref .. "date"), pname(param_pref .. "month"), pname(param_pref .. "year") ) ) end if date then -- Commas are replaced with spaces to prevent parsing issues local fixed_date = ugsub(date, ", *", " ") return (ugsub(ugsub(fixed_date or date, "(%d+ %a+),", "%1"), "^(%d%d%d%d) (%a+ %d%d?)$", "%2 %1")) end end local start_date, date = fix_date(getp("start_date"), "start_"), fix_date(getp("date"), "") local year = getp("year") local month = getp("month") local start_year = getp("start_year") local start_month = getp("start_month") if date and year then error(("Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified"):format(pname("date"), pname("year"))) end if date and month then error( ("|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s="):format( pname("month"), pname("year"), pname("date") ) ) end if start_date and start_year then error(("Only one of |%s= or |%s= should be specified"):format(pname("start_date"), pname("start_year"))) end if start_date and start_month then error( ("|%s= should only be specified in conjunction with |%s=, not with |%s="):format( pname("start_month"), pname("start_year"), pname("start_date") ) ) end if (start_date or start_year) and not (date or year) then error( ("|%s= or |%s=/|%s= cannot be specified without specifying |%s= or |%s=/|%s="):format( pname("start_date"), pname("start_year"), pname("start_month"), pname("date"), pname("year"), pname("month") ) ) end local dash = "&nbsp;– " local day_explicitly_given = date and date_has_day_specified(date, "date") local start_day_explicitly_given = start_date and date_has_day_specified(start_date, "start_date") -- Format a date with boldfaced year, as e.g. '''2023''' August 3 (if `explicit_day_given` specified) or -- '''2023''' August (if `explicit_day_given` not specified). If no date specified, fall back to formatting based -- on the year and (optionally) month params given in `yearobj` and `monthobj`, boldfacing the year if not already. -- `date_param` is the base name of the param from which the date was fetched, for error messages. local function format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, explicit_day_given, date_param) if date then return format_bold_date(date, explicit_day_given, date_param) else -- Boldface a year spec if it's not already boldface. if bold_year and not yearobj.text:find("'''") then -- Clone the year object before modifying it because we may use it later to check against the current -- year (if we're dealing with start_year). yearobj = shallow_copy(yearobj) yearobj.text = "'''" .. yearobj.text .. "'''" if yearobj.alt then yearobj.alt = "'''" .. yearobj.alt .. "'''" end end if year_last then return (monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) .. " " or "") .. format_annotated_text(yearobj) else return format_annotated_text(yearobj) .. (monthobj and " " .. format_annotated_text(monthobj) or "") end end end local yearobj = parse_annotated_text(year, pname("year")) local monthobj = parse_annotated_text(month, pname("month")) local start_yearobj = parse_annotated_text(start_year, pname("start_year")) local start_monthobj = parse_annotated_text(start_month, pname("start_month")) if start_yearobj then local abbr_prefix abbr_prefix, start_yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.text) start_yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(start_yearobj.link)) insert(output, abbr_prefix) elseif yearobj then local abbr_prefix abbr_prefix, yearobj.text = process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.text) yearobj.link = select(2, process_ante_circa_post(yearobj.link)) insert(output, abbr_prefix) end if start_date or start_year then local cur_year = yearobj and yearobj.text or format_date_with_code("Y", date, "date") local cur_month = monthobj and monthobj.text or date and format_date_with_code("F", date, "date") or nil local cur_day = date and day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code("j", date, "date") or nil local beg_year = start_yearobj and start_yearobj.text or format_date_with_code("Y", start_date, "start_date") local beg_month = start_monthobj and start_monthobj.text or start_date and format_date_with_code("F", start_date, "start_date") or nil local beg_day = start_date and start_day_explicitly_given and format_date_with_code("j", start_date, "start_date") or nil if year_last then if beg_day then insert(output, beg_day .. " " .. beg_month) else insert(output, beg_month) end if beg_year ~= cur_year then insert(output, " " .. beg_year) end else insert(output, format_date_or_year_month( start_date, start_yearobj, start_monthobj, start_day_explicitly_given, "start_date" )) end if cur_year ~= beg_year then -- Different years; insert current date in full. if beg_month or cur_month then insert(output, dash) else insert(output, "–") end insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, "date")) elseif cur_month and cur_month ~= beg_month then local month_ins = monthobj and format_annotated_text(monthobj) or cur_month -- Same year but different months; insert current month and (if available) current day. if cur_day then insert(output, dash) if year_last then insert(output, cur_day .. " " .. month_ins) else insert(output, month_ins .. " " .. cur_day) end else if beg_day then insert(output, dash) else insert(output, "–") end insert(output, month_ins) end elseif cur_day and cur_day ~= beg_day then -- Same year and month but different days; insert current day. insert(output, "–") insert(output, cur_day) else -- Same year, month and day; or same year and month, and day not available; or same year, and month and -- day not available. Do nothing. FIXME: Should we throw an error? end if year_last and beg_year == cur_year then if cur_month then insert(output, " " .. cur_year) else insert(output, " " .. cur_year) end end elseif date or yearobj then insert(output, format_date_or_year_month(date, yearobj, monthobj, day_explicitly_given, "date")) elseif not maintenance_line_no_date then -- Not main quote date. Return nil, caller will handle. return nil, nil elseif not getp("nodate") then local accessdate = getp("accessdate") if accessdate then local explicit_day_given = date_has_day_specified(accessdate, "accessdate") insert(output, format_bold_date(accessdate, explicit_day_given, "accessdate") .. " (truy cập lần cuối)") else if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace ~= 10 then return maintenance_line(maintenance_line_no_date), true end return nil, nil end end return ine(concat(output)), nil end local function tag_with_cite(txt) return "<cite>" .. txt .. "</cite>" end -- Display the source line of the quote, above the actual quote text. This contains the majority of the logic of this -- module (formerly contained in {{quote-meta/source}}). function export.source(args, alias_map, format_as_cite, other_controls) local tracking_categories = {} local argslang = args[1] or args.lang if not argslang then -- For the moment, only trigger an error on mainspace pages and -- other pages that are not user pages or pages containing discussions. -- These are the same pages that appear in the appropriate tracking -- categories. User and discussion pages have not generally been -- fixed up to include a language code and so it's more helpful -- to use a maintenance line than signal an error. local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() if not (current_title.namespace == 10 or page_should_be_ignored(current_title.fullText)) then require(languages_error_module)(nil, 1) end end -- Given a canonical param, convert it to the original parameter specified by the user (which may have been an -- alias). local function alias(param) return alias_map[param] or param end local output, sep = {} local overrides = other_controls and other_controls.overrides or {} -- Add text to the output. The text goes into a list, and we concatenate all the list components together at the -- end. To make it easier to handle comma-separated items, we keep track (in `sep`) of the separator (if any) that -- needs to be inserted before the next item added. For example, if we're in the "newversion" code (ind ~= ""), and -- there's no title and no URL, then the first time we add anything after the title, we don't want to add a -- separating comma because the preceding text will say "republished " or "republished as " or "translated as " or -- similar. In all- other cases, we do want to add a separating comma. The bare add() function reset the separator -- to be nothing, while the add_with_sep() function resets the separator to be the value of `next_sep` (defaulting -- to ", "), so the next time around we do add a comma to separate `text` from the preceding piece of text. local function add(text) if sep then insert(output, sep) end insert(output, text) sep = nil end local function add_with_sep(text, next_sep) add(text) sep = next_sep or ", " end -- FIXME: This is all very over-engineered, which makes it slow and memory-inefficient. -- Return a function that generates the actual parameter name associated with a base param (e.g. "author", "last"). -- The actual parameter name may have an index added (an empty string for the first set of params, e.g. author=, -- last=, or a numeric index for further sets of params, e.g. author2=, last2=, etc.). local function make_get_full_paramname(ind) return function(param) return param .. ind end end -- Function to fetch the actual parameter name associated with a base param (see make_get_full_paramname() above). -- Assigned at various times below by calling make_get_full_paramname(). We do it this way so that we can have -- wrapper functions that access params and define them only once. local get_full_paramname -- Return two values: the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added), -- and the parameter name from which the value was fetched (which may be an alias, i.e. you can't necessarily fetch -- the parameter value from args[] given this name). The base parameter can be a list of such base params, which -- are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned. local function a_with_name(param) if not param then return nil elseif type(param) ~= "table" then local fullname = get_full_paramname(param) return args[fullname], alias(fullname) end for _, par in ipairs(param) do local val, fullname = a_with_name(par) if val then return val, alias(fullname) end end return nil end -- Fetch the value of a parameter given the base param name (which may have a numeric index added). The base -- parameter can be a list of such base params, which are checked in turn, or nil, in which case nil is returned. local function a(param) return (a_with_name(param)) end -- Identical to a_with_name(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's. local function aurl_with_name(param) local value, fullname = a_with_name(param) if value and value:find(" ") and not value:find("%[") then error(("URL not allowed to contain a space, but saw |%s=%s"):format(fullname, value)) end return value, fullname end -- Identical to a(param) except that it verifies that no space is present. Should be used for URL's. local function aurl(param) return (aurl_with_name(param)) end -- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have -- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the annotations and convert the result into a formatted string. -- This is the same as parse_and_format_annotated_text() below but also returns the full param name as the second -- return value. local function parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) local val, fullname = a_with_name(param) local obj = parse_annotated_text(val, fullname) return format_annotated_text(obj, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname end -- Convenience function to fetch a parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may consequently have -- a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a formatted string. -- This is a wrapper around parse_annotated_text() and format_annotated_text(). `param` is the base parameter name (see -- a_with_name()), `tag_text_func` is an optional function to tag the parameter text after all other processing (e.g. -- wrap in <cite>...</cite> tags), and `tag_gloss_func` is a similar function for the parameter translation/gloss. local function parse_and_format_annotated_text(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) return (parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)) end -- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may -- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a -- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name() and returns two -- values, the formatted string and the full name of the parameter fetched. `delimiter` is as in -- format_multivalued_annotated_text(). local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) local val, fullname = a_with_name(param) local objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(val, fullname) local num_objs = objs and #objs or 0 return format_multivalued_annotated_text(objs, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func), fullname, num_objs end -- Convenience function to fetch a multivalued parameter that may be in a foreign language or text (and may -- consequently have a language prefix and/or inline modifiers), parse the modifiers and convert the result into a -- formatted string. This is the multivalued analog to parse_and_format_annotated_text(). `delimiter` is as in -- format_multivalued_annotated_text(). local function parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func) return (parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter, tag_text_func, tag_gloss_func)) end -- This determines whether to display "Mary Bloggs, transl." (if there's no author preceding) or "translated by -- Mary Bloggs" (if there's an author preceding). local author_outputted = false -- When formatting as a citation, the priority is to display a name and a date before the book/chapter title -- this tracks whether or not the author/date has been displayed local date_outputted, formatted_date, formatted_origdate = false local function add_date(no_paren) if not date_outputted then if no_paren then sep = ", " else sep = " " end if formatted_date then if no_paren then add(formatted_date) else add("(" .. formatted_date .. ")") end end if formatted_origdate then add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC) end sep = ", " date_outputted = true end end local function is_anonymous(val) return val:match("^[Aa]nonymous$") or val:match("^[Aa]non%.?$") end -- Add a formatted author (whose values may be specified using `author` or, for compatibility purposes, split -- among various parameters): -- * `author` is the value of the author param (e.g. "author", "author2" or "2ndauthor"), and `author_fullname` is -- the full parameter name holding that value; -- * `trans_author` is the optional value of the param holding the gloss/translation of the author, and -- `trans_author_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such parameter); -- * `authorlink` is the value of the authorlink param, which holds the Wikipedia link of the author(s) in `author`, -- and `authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value; -- * `trans_authorlink` is the optional value of the param holding the Wikipedia link of the gloss/translation of -- the author, and `trans_authorlink_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for no such -- parameter); -- * `first` is the value of the parameter holding the first name of the author, and `first_fullname` is the full -- parameter name holding that value; -- * `trans_first` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the first name -- (e.g. "trans-first"), and `trans_first_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for -- no such parameter); -- * `last` is the value of the parameter holding the last name of the author, and `last_fullname` is the full -- parameter name holding that value; -- * `trans_last` is the value of the corresponding parameter holding the gloss/translation of the last name -- (e.g. "trans-last"), and `trans_last_fullname` is the full parameter name holding that value (or nil for -- no such parameter). -- * `last_first` if set, when parameters `first` and `last` are used, display the author name as "last, first" local function add_author( author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname, authorlink, authorlink_fullname, trans_authorlink, trans_authorlink_fullname, first, first_fullname, trans_first, trans_first_fullname, last, last_fullname, trans_last, trans_last_fullname, last_first ) local function make_author_with_url(txt, txtparam, authorlink, authorlink_param) if authorlink then if authorlink:find("%[%[") then error(("Can't specify links in |%s=%s"):format(authorlink_param, authorlink)) end if txt:find("%[%[") then error(("Can't specify links in %s=%s"):format(txtparam, txt)) end return "[[w:" .. authorlink .. "|" .. txt .. "]]" else return txt end end local num_authorobjs if author then local authorobjs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(author, author_fullname, trans_author, trans_author_fullname) num_authorobjs = #authorobjs if num_authorobjs == 1 then if is_anonymous(authorobjs[1].text) then authorobjs[1].text = "Tác giả khuyết danh" authorobjs[1].link = "Tác giả khuyết danh" end if authorlink then authorobjs[1].text = make_author_with_url( authorobjs[1].text, "|" .. author_fullname, authorlink, "|" .. authorlink_fullname ) authorobjs[1].link = make_author_with_url( authorobjs[1].link, "|" .. author_fullname, authorlink, "|" .. authorlink_fullname ) end if authorobjs[1].gloss and trans_authorlink then authorobjs[1].gloss = make_author_with_url( authorobjs[1].gloss, ("<t:...> in |%s"):format(author_fullname), trans_authorlink, "|" .. trans_author_fullname ) end add(format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs)) elseif trans_authorlink then error( ( "Can't specify |%s= along with multiple semicolon-separated entities in |%s=; use the " .. "<t:...> inline modifier attached to the individual entities and put the link directly " .. "in the value of the inline modifier" ):format(trans_authorlink_fullname, author_fullname) ) else -- Allow an authorlink with multiple authors, e.g. for use with |author=Max Mills; Harvey Mills -- with |authorlink=Max and Harvey. For this we have to generate the entire text and link it -- all. local formatted_text = format_multivalued_annotated_text(authorobjs) if authorlink then formatted_text = make_author_with_url( formatted_text, "|" .. author_fullname, authorlink, "|" .. authorlink_fullname ) end add(formatted_text) end else num_authorobjs = 1 -- Author separated into first name + last name. We don't currently support non-Latin-script -- authors separated this way and probably never will. if first then if last_first then author = last .. ", " .. first else author = first .. " " .. last end else author = last end if authorlink then local authorparam = first and ("|%s |%s"):format(first_fullname, last_fullname) or "|" .. last_fullname author = make_author_with_url(author, authorparam, authorlink, authorlink_fullname) end local trans_author if trans_last then if trans_first then trans_author = trans_first .. " " .. trans_last else trans_author = trans_last end if trans_authorlink then local trans_authorparam = trans_first and ("|%s |%s"):format(trans_first_fullname, trans_last_fullname) or "|" .. trans_last_fullname trans_author = make_author_with_url( trans_author, trans_authorparam, trans_authorlink, trans_authorlink_fullname ) end end add(author) if trans_author then add(SPACE_LBRAC) add(trans_author) add(RBRAC) end end author_outputted = true return num_authorobjs end local function add_authorlike( param, prefix_with_preceding_authors, suffix_without_preceding_authors, suffix_if_multiple, anonymous_suffix ) local delimiter = author_outputted and "và" or ", " local entities, _, num_entities = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text_with_name(param, delimiter) if not entities then return end if is_anonymous(entities) then -- If tlr=anonymous or similar given, display as "anonymous translator" or similar. If a specific -- anonymous suffix not given, try to derive the anonymous suffix from the non-preceding-author suffix. if not anonymous_suffix then local cleaned_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors :gsub("&#32;", " ") :gsub("&nbsp;", " ") :gsub("&#160;", " ") :gsub("&#91;", "[") :gsub("&#93;", "]") cleaned_suffix = mw.text.trim(cleaned_suffix) if not anonymous_suffix then anonymous_suffix = " " .. cleaned_suffix:match("^, (.*)$") end if not anonymous_suffix then anonymous_suffix = " " .. cleaned_suffix:match("^%((.*)%)$") end if not anonymous_suffix then anonymous_suffix = " " .. cleaned_suffix:match("^%[(.*)%]$") end if not anonymous_suffix then anonymous_suffix = suffix_without_preceding_authors end end add_with_sep("anonymous" .. anonymous_suffix) elseif prefix_with_preceding_authors and (author_outputted or not suffix_without_preceding_authors) then add_with_sep(entities .. prefix_with_preceding_authors) elseif suffix_if_multiple and num_entities > 1 then add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_if_multiple) else add_with_sep(entities .. suffix_without_preceding_authors) end author_outputted = true end local function add_authorlabel() local default_authorlabel = a("default-authorlabel") if default_authorlabel and yesno(a("authorlabel"), true) then sep = nil add_with_sep(" " .. default_authorlabel) end end local function has_new_title_or_author() return args["2ndauthor"] or args["2ndlast"] or args.chapter2 or args.title2 or args.tlr2 or args.mainauthor2 or args.editor2 or args.editors2 or args.compiler2 or args.compilers2 or args.director2 or args.directors2 end local function has_newversion() return args.newversion or args.location2 or has_new_title_or_author() end -- Handle chapter=, section=, etc. `param` is the base name of the parameter in question, e.g. "chapter" or -- "section". If numeric (either Arabic or Roman), add `numeric_prefix`; otherwise, parse as textual (allowing for -- language prefixes, inline modifiers, etc.), prefix with `textual_prefix` (if given) and suffix with -- `textual_suffix` (if given). Also checks for and handles the following (assuming param == "chapter"): -- * chapterurl=: URL of the chapter. -- * trans-chapter=: Chapter translation (can be given using an inline modifier <t:...>). -- * chapter_number=: Chapter number, when chapter= is also given (otherwise put the chapter number in chapter=). -- * chapter_plain=: Plain version of the chapter number; the "chapter " prefix isn't added. -- * chapter_series=: Series that the chapter is within (used e.g. for journal articles part of a series). -- * chapter_seriesvolume=: Volume of the series (compare seriesvolume=). -- -- Returns nil if no value specified for the main parameter, otherwise the formatted value. local function format_chapterlike(param, numeric_prefix, textual_prefix, textual_suffix) local chap, chap_fullname = a_with_name(param) local chap_num, chap_num_fullname = a_with_name(param .. "_number") local chap_plain, chap_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. "_plain") if chap_num and chap_plain then error(("Specify only one of |%s= or %s="):format(chap_num_fullname, chap_plain_fullname)) end local chap_series, chap_series_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. "_series", tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite) local chap_seriesvolume, chap_seriesvolume_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(param .. "_seriesvolume") if chap_series then chap_series = ", " .. chap_series end if chap_seriesvolume then if not chap_series then error(("Cannot specify |%s= without %s="):format(chap_series_fullname, chap_seriesvolume_fullname)) end chap_series = chap_series .. " (" .. chap_seriesvolume .. ")" end local chapterurl local function make_chapter_with_url(chap) if chapterurl then return "[" .. chapterurl .. " " .. chap .. "]" else return chap end end if not chap then if chap_num then error( ("Cannot specify |%s= without |%s=; put the numeric value in |%s= directly"):format( chap_num_fullname, chap_fullname, chap_fullname ) ) end if chap_plain then chapterurl = aurl(param .. "url") return make_chapter_with_url(chap_plain .. (chap_series or "")) end return nil end local cleaned_chap = chap:gsub("<sup>[^<>]*</sup>", ""):gsub("[*+#]", "") chapterurl = aurl(param .. "url") local formatted if numeric_prefix and get_number(cleaned_chap) then -- Arabic chapter number formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(chap) elseif numeric_prefix and cleaned_chap:match("^[mdclxviMDCLXVI]+$") and roman_to_arabic(cleaned_chap, true) and (not overrides[param] or not overrides[param].noroman) then -- Roman chapter number formatted = numeric_prefix .. make_chapter_with_url(upper(chap)) else -- strip leading ! (used to force text-mode for titles that look like Roman numerals like "mil" and "dill") if chap:find("^!") then chap = chap:gsub("^!", "") end -- Must be a chapter name local chapterobj = parse_annotated_text(chap, chap_fullname, a("trans-" .. param)) chapterobj.text = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.text) chapterobj.link = make_chapter_with_url(chapterobj.link) formatted = (textual_prefix or "") .. format_annotated_text(chapterobj) .. (textual_suffix or "") end if chap_num or chap_plain then -- NOTE: Up above we throw an error if both chap_num and chap_plain are specified. formatted = formatted .. " (" .. (chap_plain or numeric_prefix .. chap_num) .. ")" end if chap_series then formatted = formatted .. chap_series end return formatted end -- This handles everything after displaying the author, starting with the chapter and ending with page, column, -- line and then other=. It is currently called twice: Once to handle the main portion of the citation, and once to -- handle a "newversion" citation. `ind` is either "" for the main portion or a number (currently only 2) for a -- "newversion" citation. In a few places we conditionalize on `ind` to take actions depending on its value. local function postauthor(ind, num_authors, format_as_cite) get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname(ind) if author_outputted then add_authorlabel() end local coauthors = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("coauthors", "và") if coauthors then local with_prefix = "" if author_outputted then with_prefix = "; " if num_authors == 1 then sep = "" end end add_with_sep(with_prefix .. coauthors) author_outputted = true end add_authorlike("quotee", " (trích dẫn gốc) ", ", quotee", ", quotees") if format_as_cite and author_outputted and not date_outputted then add_date() sep = ", " end add_authorlike("chapter_tlr", " (dịch)", " (dịch)", nil, " translator") local function add_sg_and_pl_authorlike(noun, verbed) local sgparam = noun local plparam = noun .. "s" local sgval, sgval_fullname = a_with_name(sgparam) local plval, plval_fullname = a_with_name(plparam) if sgval and plval then error(("Can't specify both |%s= and |%s="):format(sgval_fullname, plval_fullname)) end if sgval or plval then local verbed_by = " (" .. verbed .. ")" local comma_sgnoun = " (" .. noun .. ")" local comma_plnoun = " (" .. noun .. ")" add_authorlike(sgparam, verbed_by, comma_sgnoun, comma_plnoun) add_authorlike(plparam, verbed_by, comma_plnoun) end end local formatted_entry = format_chapterlike("entry", nil, "“", "”") local formatted_chapter = format_chapterlike("chapter", "chương ", "“", "”") local function add_entry() if formatted_entry then add_with_sep(formatted_entry) if not a("notitle") then add("trong ") author_outputted = false else author_outputted = true end formatted_entry = nil end end local function add_chapter() add_entry() if formatted_chapter then add_with_sep(formatted_chapter) if not a("notitle") then add("trong ") author_outputted = false end formatted_chapter = nil end end local function add_actor_role(format_as_cite) local role = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("role", "và") local actor_val, actor_fullname = a_with_name("actor") local actor_objs = parse_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_val, actor_fullname) local actor = format_multivalued_annotated_text(actor_objs, "và") if format_as_cite then if role then if actor then add_with_sep(actor) end sep = nil add_with_sep(" as " .. role) elseif actor then add_with_sep(actor .. " (" .. (#actor_objs > 1 and "actors" or "actor") .. ")") end else if role then add_with_sep("spoken by " .. role) if actor then sep = nil add_with_sep(" (" .. actor .. ")") end elseif actor then add_with_sep(actor .. " (" .. (#actor_objs > 1 and "actors" or "actor") .. ")") end end end if format_as_cite then if date_outputted then add_chapter() end local output_len = #output local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("mainauthor") if mainauthor then add_with_sep(mainauthor) end -- quote-* templates display "jobbed by name" after the author, controlled by the author_outputted flag author_outputted = false add_authorlike("tlr", " (dịch)", " (dịch)", nil, " translator") author_outputted = false add_authorlike("editor", " (biên tập)") add_authorlike("editors", " (biên tập)") add_authorlike("compiler", " (biên soạn)") add_authorlike("compilers", " (biên soạn)") add_sg_and_pl_authorlike("director", "directed") add_authorlike("lyricist", nil, " (lời)", nil, " lyricist") add_authorlike("lyrics-translator", nil, " (translation)", nil, " lyrics translator") add_authorlike("composer", nil, " (music)", nil, " composer") add_actor_role("format_as_cite") -- if the output length has changed, a credit name has been printed -- and we can print the date if output_len ~= #output then author_outputted = true add_date() end add_chapter() else add_chapter() local mainauthor = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("mainauthor") if mainauthor then add_with_sep(mainauthor) author_outputted = true end add_authorlike("tlr", " (dịch)", " (dịch)", nil, " translator") add_authorlike("editor", " (biên tập)") add_authorlike("editors", " (biên tập)") add_sg_and_pl_authorlike("compiler", "compiled") add_sg_and_pl_authorlike("director", "directed") add_authorlike("lyricist", nil, " (lời)", nil, " lyricist") add_authorlike("lyrics-translator", nil, " (translation)", nil, " lyrics translator") add_authorlike("composer", nil, " (music)", nil, " composer") end local title, title_fullname = a_with_name("title") local need_comma = false if title then local titleobj = parse_annotated_text(title, title_fullname, a("trans-title")) add(format_annotated_text(titleobj, tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite)) local series = parse_and_format_annotated_text("series") if series then add(" (" .. series) local seriesvolume = parse_and_format_annotated_text("seriesvolume") if seriesvolume then add(SEMICOLON_SPACE .. seriesvolume) end add(")") end need_comma = true elseif ind == "" then if not a("notitle") then add(maintenance_line("Vui lòng cung cấp tên cuốn sách hoặc tên tạp chí")) need_comma = true end end local archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name("archiveurl") local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name("url") local urls, urls_fullname = aurl_with_name("urls") if url and urls then error(("Supply only one of |%s= and |%s="):format(url_fullname, urls_fullname)) end local function verify_title_supplied(url_name) -- There are too many cases of this to throw an error at this time. -- if not title then -- error(("If |%s= is given, |%s= must also be supplied"):format(url_name, title_fullname)) -- end end if archiveurl or url then verify_title_supplied(archiveurl and archiveurl_fullname or url_fullname) sep = nil add("&lrm;<sup>[" .. (archiveurl or url) .. "]</sup>") elseif urls then verify_title_supplied(urls_fullname) sep = nil add("&lrm;<sup>" .. urls .. "</sup>") end -- display (in Language) if language is provided and is not English and not overriden by termlang or worklang if format_as_cite and ind == "" and not (args.termlang or args.worklang) and (args[1] or args.lang) then local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang) if lang then local langcode = lang:getCode() if not (langcode == "und" or langcode == "vi") then local langs = format_langs(args[1] or args.lang) if langs then add(" (bằng " .. langs .. ")") end end end end if need_comma then sep = ", " end local edition, edition_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name("edition") local edition_plain, edition_plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name("edition_plain") if edition and edition_plain then error(("Supply only one of |%s= and |%s="):format(edition_fullname, edition_plain_fullname)) end if edition then add_with_sep("ấn bản " .. edition) end if edition_plain then add_with_sep(edition_plain) end -- Display a numeric param such as page=, volume=, column=. For each `paramname`, four params are actually -- recognized, e.g. for paramname == "page", the params page=, pages=, page_plain= and pageurl= are recognized -- and checked (or the same with an index, e.g. page2=, pages2=, page_plain2= and pageurl2= respectively if -- ind == "2"). Only one of the first three can be specified; an error results if more than one are given. -- If none are given, the return value is nil; otherwise it is a string. The numeric spec is taken directly -- from e.g. page_plain= if given; otherwise if e.g. pages= is given, or if page= is given and looks like a -- combination of numbers (i.e. it has a hyphen or dash in it, a comma, or the word " and "), it is prefixed -- by `singular_desc` + "s" (e.g. "pages "), otherwise it is prefixed by just `singular_desc` (e.g. "page "). -- (As a special case, if either e.g. page=unnumbered or pages=unnumbered is given, the numeric spec is -- "unnumbered page".) The resulting spec is returned directly unless e.g. pageurl= is given, in which case -- it is linked to the specified URL. Note that any of the specs can be foreign text, e.g. foreign numbers -- (including with optional inline modifiers), and such text is handled appropriately. local function format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc) local sgval = a_with_name(paramname) local sgobj = parse_annotated_text(sgval, paramname) local plparamname = paramname .. "s" local plval = a_with_name(plparamname) local plobj = parse_annotated_text(plval, plparamname) local plainval, plain_fullname = parse_and_format_annotated_text_with_name(paramname .. "_plain") local numspec if not sgval and not plval and not plainval then return elseif plainval and (sgval or plval) then error(("Can't specify " .. plain_fullname .. " with " .. paramname .. " or " .. plparamname)) elseif sgval and plval then -- if both singular and plural, display "page 1 of 1-10" numspec = singular_desc .. " " .. sgval .. " của " .. plval else -- Merge page= and pages= and treat alike because people often mix them up in both directions. if plainval then numspec = plainval else local val = sgobj and sgobj.text or plobj.text if val == "unnumbered" then numspec = "unnumbered " .. singular_desc else local desc if val:find("^!") then val = val:gsub("^!", "") desc = sgval and singular_desc or pluralize(singular_desc) else local check_val = val if check_val:find("%[") then check_val = remove_links(check_val) -- convert URL's of the form [URL DISPLAY] to the displayed value check_val = check_val:gsub("%[[^ %[%]]* ([^%[%]]*)%]", "%1") end -- in case of negative page numbers (do they exist?), don't treat as multiple pages check_val = check_val:gsub("^%-", "") -- replace HTML entity en-dashes and em-dashes with their literal codes check_val = check_val:gsub("&ndash;", "–") check_val = check_val:gsub("&#8211;", "–") check_val = check_val:gsub("&mdash;", "—") check_val = check_val:gsub("&#8212;", "—") -- Check for en-dash or em-dash, or two numbers (possibly with stuff after like 12a-15b) -- separated by a hyphen or by comma a followed by a space (to avoid firing on thousands separators). if umatch(check_val, "[–—]") or check_val:find(" and ") or check_val:match("%d+[^ ]* *%- *%d+") or check_val:match("%d+[^ ]* *, +%d+") then desc = singular_desc else desc = singular_desc end end local obj = sgobj or plobj obj.text = val if obj.link:find("^!") then obj.link = obj.link:gsub("^!", "") end val = format_annotated_text(obj) numspec = desc .. " " .. val end end end local url = a(paramname .. "url") if url then return "[" .. url .. " " .. numspec .. "]" else return numspec end end local volume = format_numeric_param("volume", a("volume_prefix") or "tập") if volume then add_with_sep(volume) end local issue = format_numeric_param("issue", a("issue_prefix") or "số") if issue then add_with_sep(issue) end -- number= is an alias for issue= (except in {{quote-av}}, where it is the episode number) local number = format_numeric_param("number", a("number_prefix") or "số") if number then add_with_sep(number) end local annotations = {} local genre = a("genre") if genre then insert(annotations, genre) end local format = a("format") if format then insert(annotations, format) end local medium = a("medium") if medium then insert(annotations, medium) end -- Now handle the display of language annotations like "(in French)" or -- "(quotation in Nauruan; overall work in German)". local quotelang = args[1] or args.lang if not quotelang then if ind == "" then -- This can only happen for certain non-mainspace pages, e.g. Talk pages; otherwise an error is thrown -- above. insert(annotations, maintenance_line("Please specify the language of the quote using |1=")) else -- do nothing in newversion= portion end elseif ind == "" then local worklang = a("worklang") local termlang = a("termlang") worklang = worklang or quotelang termlang = termlang or quotelang if worklang == quotelang then if worklang == termlang then -- do nothing else insert(annotations, "bằng " .. format_langs(quotelang)) end else if quotelang ~= termlang then insert(annotations, "quotation in " .. format_langs(quotelang)) end insert(annotations, "toàn bộ nội dung viết bằng " .. format_langs(worklang)) end else local lang2 = a("lang2") if lang2 then insert(annotations, "bằng " .. format_langs(lang2)) end end if #annotations > 0 then sep = nil add_with_sep(" (" .. concat(annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. ")") end local artist = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("artist", "và") if artist then add_with_sep(artist .. " biểu diễn") end local feat = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("feat", "và") if feat then sep = " " add_with_sep("ft. " .. feat) end if not format_as_cite then add_actor_role() end local others = parse_and_format_annotated_text("others") if others then add_with_sep(others) end local quoted_in = parse_and_format_annotated_text("quoted_in", tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite) if quoted_in then add_with_sep("dẫn trong " .. quoted_in) insert(tracking_categories, "Quotations using quoted-in parameter") end local location = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("location", "; ") local publisher = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("publisher", "; ") if publisher then if location then add_with_sep(location) -- colon sep = "&#58; " -- colon end add_with_sep(publisher) elseif location then add_with_sep(location) end if not date_outputted then add_date("no_paren") end local source = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("source", "và") if source then add_with_sep("sourced from " .. source) end local original = parse_and_format_annotated_text("original", tag_with_cite, tag_with_cite) local by = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("by", "và") local origtype = a("deriv") or "bản dịch" if original or by then add_with_sep(origtype .. " cho " .. (original or "bản gốc") .. (by and " của " .. by or "")) end -- Handle origlang=, origworklang=. How we handle them depends on whether the original title or author are explicitly -- given. local origlang = a("origlang") local origworklang = a("origworklang") local origlangtext, origworklangtext if origlang then origlangtext = "từ " .. format_langs(origlang) end if origworklang then origworklangtext = "toàn bộ nội dung viết bằng " .. format_langs(origworklang) end if origlang or origworklang then if original or by then local orig_annotations = {} if origlangtext then insert(orig_annotations, origlangtext) end if origworklangtext then insert(orig_annotations, origworklangtext) end sep = nil add_with_sep(" (" .. concat(orig_annotations, SEMICOLON_SPACE) .. ")") else add_with_sep(origtype .. " có nguồn gốc" .. (origlangtext and " " .. origlangtext or "")) if origworklangtext then sep = nil add_with_sep(" (" .. origworklangtext .. ")") end end end if ind ~= "" and has_newversion() then local formatted_new_date = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, "", "", nil, "Please provide a date or year", true) if formatted_new_date then add_with_sep(formatted_new_date) end end -- Fetch date_published=/year_published=/month_published= and format appropriately. local formatted_date_published = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, "", "_published", nil, nil, true) local platform = parse_and_format_multivalued_annotated_text("platform", "và") if formatted_date_published then add_with_sep("xuất bản " .. formatted_date_published .. (platform and " thông qua " .. platform or "")) elseif platform then add_with_sep("thông qua " .. platform) end -- From here on out, there should always be a preceding item, so we -- can dispense with add_with_sep() and always insert the comma. sep = nil local function small(txt) add(", <small>") add(txt) add("</small>") end -- Add an identifier to a book or article database such as DOI, ISBN, JSTOR, etc. `param_or_params` -- is a string identifying the base param, or a list of such strings to check in turn. If found, the value -- of the parameter is processed using `process` (a function of one argument, defaulting to mw.uri.encode()), -- and then the actual URL to insert is generated by preceding with `pretext`, following with `posttext`, -- and running the resulting string through small(), which first adds a comma and then the URL in small font. local function add_identifier(param_or_params, pretext, posttext, process) local val = a(param_or_params) if val then val = (process or mw.uri.encode)(val) small(pretext .. val .. posttext) end end add_identifier("bibcode", "[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/", " →Bibcode]") add_identifier("doi", '<span class="neverexpand">[https://doi.org/', " →DOI]</span>") add_identifier("isbn", "", "", isbn) add_identifier("issn", "", "", issn) add_identifier("jstor", "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/", " →JSTOR]") add_identifier("lccn", "", "", lccn) add_identifier("oclc", "[https://search.worldcat.org/title/", " →OCLC]") add_identifier("ol", "[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL", "/ →OL]") add_identifier("pmid", "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/", " →PMID]") add_identifier("pmcid", "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/", "/ →PMCID]") add_identifier("ssrn", "[https://ssrn.com/abstract=", " →SSRN]") -- add_identifier("urn", "", "", urn) local id = a("id") if id then small(id) end archiveurl, archiveurl_fullname = aurl_with_name("archiveurl") if archiveurl then add(", [" .. url .. " bản gốc]") local url, url_fullname = aurl_with_name("url") if not url then -- attempt to infer original URL from archive URL; this works at -- least for Wayback Machine (web.archive.org) URL's url = archiveurl:match("/(https?:.*)$") if not url then error( ("When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included"):format(archiveurl_fullname, url_fullname) ) end end add(" lưu trữ ") local archivedate, archivedate_fullname = a_with_name("archivedate") if archivedate then add(format_date(archivedate)) elseif string.sub(archiveurl, 1, 28) == "https://web.archive.org/web/" then -- If the archive is from the Wayback Machine, then it already contains the date -- Get the date and format it local wayback_date = string.sub(archiveurl, 29, 29 + 7) wayback_date = string.sub(wayback_date, 1, 4) .. "-" .. string.sub(wayback_date, 5, 6) .. "-" .. string.sub(wayback_date, 7, 8) add(format_date(wayback_date)) else error( ("When |%s= is specified, |%s= must also be included"):format( archiveurl_fullname, archivedate_fullname ) ) end end if a("accessdate") then --Otherwise do not display here, as already used as a fallback for missing date= or year= earlier. if (a("date") or a("nodate") or a("year")) and not a("archivedate") then add(", truy cập " .. format_date(a("accessdate"))) end end local formatted_section = format_chapterlike("section", "mục ") if formatted_section then add(", ") add(formatted_section) end -- video game stuff local system = parse_and_format_annotated_text("system") if system then add(", " .. system) end local scene = parse_and_format_annotated_text("scene") if scene then add(", scene: " .. scene) end local level = parse_and_format_annotated_text("level") if level then add(", level/area: " .. level) end local note = parse_and_format_annotated_text("note") if note then add(", " .. note) end local note_plain = parse_and_format_annotated_text("note_plain") if note_plain then add(" " .. note_plain) end -- Wrapper around format_numeric_param that inserts the formatted text with optional preceding text. local function handle_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc, pretext) local numspec = format_numeric_param(paramname, singular_desc) if numspec then add((pretext or "") .. numspec) end end handle_numeric_param("page", a("page_prefix") or "tr.", ", ") handle_numeric_param("column", a("column_prefix") or "cột", ", ") handle_numeric_param("line", a("line_prefix") or "dòng", ", ") -- FIXME: Does this make sense? What is other=? local other = parse_and_format_annotated_text("other") if other then add(", " .. other) end end local function add_authors(args, last_first) -- Find maximum indexed author or last name. local maxind = math.max(args.author.maxindex, args.last.maxindex) -- Include max index of ancillary params so we get an error message about their use without the primary params. local ancillary_params = {"trans-author", "authorlink", "trans-authorlink", "first", "trans-first", "trans-last"} for _, ancillary in ipairs(ancillary_params) do maxind = math.max(maxind, args[ancillary].maxindex) end local num_authors = 0 for i = 1, maxind do local ind = i == 1 and "" or i local author, last = args.author[i], args.last[i] if author or last then local this_num_authors = add_author( author, "author" .. ind, args["trans-author"][i], "trans-author" .. ind, args.authorlink[i], "authorlink" .. ind, args["trans-authorlink"][i], "trans-authorlink" .. ind, args.first[i], "first" .. ind, args["trans-first"][i], "trans-first" .. ind, last, "last" .. ind, args["trans-last"][i], "trans-last" .. ind, last_first ) num_authors = num_authors + this_num_authors sep = last_first and "; " or ", " else for _, cant_have in ipairs(ancillary_params) do if args[cant_have][i] then error(("Can't have |%s%s= without |author%s= or |last%s="):format(cant_have, ind, ind, ind)) end end end end return num_authors end local function add_newversion() -- If there's a "newversion" section, add the new-version text. if has_newversion() then sep = nil --Test for new version of work. add(SEMICOLON_SPACE) if args.newversion then -- newversion= is intended for English text, e.g. "quoted in" or "republished as". add(args.newversion) elseif not args.edition2 then if has_new_title_or_author() then add("tái bản: ") else add("republished") end end add(" ") return "" else return ", " end end ------------------- Now we start outputting text ---------------------- local need_comma = false -- Set this now so a() works just below. get_full_paramname = make_get_full_paramname("") if args.brackets then add("[") end bold_year = not format_as_cite year_last = format_as_cite formatted_date, need_date = format_date_args( a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, nil, nil, bold_year, "Vui lòng thêm [[:Thể loại:Yêu cầu ngày tháng|ngày tháng]] cho trích dẫn", year_last ) -- Fetch origdate=/origyear=/origmonth= and format appropriately. formatted_origdate = format_date_args(a, get_full_paramname, alias_map, "orig", nil, nil, nil, year_last) local num_authors, need_date if format_as_cite then num_authors = add_authors(args, "last_first") if author_outputted then sep = " " end -- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion. postauthor("", num_authors, "format_as_cite") author_outputted = false sep = add_newversion() -- Add the newversion author(s). if args["2ndauthor"] or args["2ndlast"] then num_authors = add_author( args["2ndauthor"], "2ndauthor", nil, nil, args["2ndauthorlink"], "2ndauthorlink", nil, nil, args["2ndfirst"], "2ndfirst", nil, nil, args["2ndlast"], "2ndlast", nil, nil, "last_first" ) sep = ", " else for _, cant_have in ipairs{"2ndauthorlink", "2ndfirst"} do if args[cant_have] then error(("Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast="):format(cant_have)) end end end -- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the "newversion" section. postauthor(2, num_authors, "format_as_cite") else if formatted_date then need_comma = true add(formatted_date) end if formatted_origdate then need_comma = true add(SPACE_LBRAC .. formatted_origdate .. RBRAC) end if need_comma then sep = ", " end date_outputted = true num_authors = add_authors(args) -- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the main portion. postauthor("", num_authors) author_outputted = false sep = add_newversion() -- Add the newversion author(s). if args["2ndauthor"] or args["2ndlast"] then num_authors = add_author( args["2ndauthor"], "2ndauthor", nil, nil, args["2ndauthorlink"], "2ndauthorlink", nil, nil, args["2ndfirst"], "2ndfirst", nil, nil, args["2ndlast"], "2ndlast", nil, nil ) sep = ", " else for _, cant_have in ipairs{"2ndauthorlink", "2ndfirst"} do if args[cant_have] then error(("Can't have |%s= without |2ndauthor= or |2ndlast="):format(cant_have)) end end end -- Display all the text that comes after the author, for the "newversion" section. postauthor(2, num_authors) end if not args.nocolon then sep = nil add(":") elseif args.usenodot and not args.nodot then add(".") end -- Concatenate output portions to form output text. local output_text = concat(output) -- Remainder of code handles adding categories. We add one or more of the following categories: -- -- 1. [[Category:LANG terms with quotations]], based on the first language code in termlang= or 1=. Added to -- mainspace, Reconstruction: and Appendix: pages as well as Citations: pages if the corresponding mainspace -- page exists. Not added if nocat= is given. Note that [[Module:usex]] adds the same category using the same -- logic, but we do it here too because we may not have a quotation to format. (We add in those circumstances -- because typically when there's no quotation to format, it's because it's formatted manually underneath the -- citation, or using {{ja-x}}, {{th-x}} or similar.) -- 2. [[Category:Requests for date in LANG entries]], based on the first language code in 1=. Added to mainspace, -- Reconstruction:, Appendix: and Citations: pages unless nocat= is given. -- 3. [[Category:Quotations using nocat parameter]], if nocat= is given. Added to mainspace, Reconstruction:, -- Appendix: and Citations: pages. local categories = {} local termlang = get_first_lang(args.termlang or argslang) if args.nocat then if format_as_cite then insert(tracking_categories, "Citations using nocat parameter") else insert(tracking_categories, "Quotations using nocat parameter") end else -- don't create language tracking categories for citations if not format_as_cite then local title if args.pagename then -- for testing, doc pages, etc. title = mw.title.new(args.pagename) if not title then error(("Bad value for `args.pagename`: '%s'"):format(args.pagename)) end else title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() end -- Only add [[Citations:foo]] to [[:Category:LANG terms with quotations]] if [[foo]] exists. local ok_to_add_cat if title.nsText ~= "Citations" then ok_to_add_cat = true else local mainspace_title = mw.title.new(title.text) if mainspace_title and mainspace_title.exists then ok_to_add_cat = true end end if ok_to_add_cat then insert(categories, termlang:getFullName() .. " terms with quotations") end end if need_date then local argslangobj = get_first_lang(argslang) insert(categories, "Requests for date in " .. argslangobj:getCanonicalName() .. " entries") end end return output_text .. ( not lang and "" or (#categories > 0 and format_categories(categories, lang, args.sort) or "") .. ( #tracking_categories > 0 and format_categories( tracking_categories, lang, args.sort, nil, not page_should_be_ignored(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().fullText) ) or "" ) ) end -- Alias specs for type= and type2=. Each spec is `{canon, aliases, with_newversion}` where `canon` is the canonical -- parameter (with "2" added if type2= is being handled), `aliases` is a comma-separated string of aliases (with "2" -- added if type2= is being handled, except for numeric params), and `with_newversion` indicates whether we should -- process this spec if type2= is being handled. local type_alias_specs = { av = { {"author", "writer,writers", true}, {"chapter", "episode", true}, {"chapterurl", "episodeurl", true}, {"trans-chapter", "trans-episode", true}, {"chapter_tlr", "episode_tlr,episode_tlrs,episode_translator,episode_translators", true}, {"chapter_series", "episode_series", true}, {"chapter_seriesvolume", "episode_seriesvolume", true}, {"chapter_number", "episode_number", true}, {"chapter_plain", "episode_plain", true}, {"volume", "season", true}, {"volumes", "seasons", true}, {"volume_plain", "season_plain", true}, {"volumeurl", "seasonurl", true}, {"platform", "network", true}, }, book = { {"author", "3"}, {"title", "4"}, {"url", "5"}, {"year", "2"}, {"page", "6"}, {"text", "7"}, {"t", "8"}, }, journal = { {"year", "2"}, {"author", "3"}, {"chapter", "title,article,4", true}, {"chapterurl", "titleurl,articleurl", true}, {"trans-chapter", "trans-title,trans-article", true}, {"chapter_tlr", "title_tlr,title_tlrs,title_translator,title_translators,article_tlr,article_tlrs,article_translator,article_translators", true}, {"chapter_series", "title_series,article_series", true}, {"chapter_seriesvolume", "title_seriesvolume,article_seriesvolume", true}, {"chapter_number", "title_number,article_number", true}, {"chapter_plain", "title_plain,article_plain", true}, {"title", "journal,magazine,newspaper,work,5", true}, {"trans-title", "trans-journal,trans-magazine,trans-newspaper,trans-work", true}, {"tlr", "journal_tlr,journal_tlrs,journal_translator,journal_translators,magazine_tlr,magazine_tlrs,magazine_translator,magazine_translators,newspaper_tlr,newspaper_tlrs,newspaper_translator,newspaper_translators,work_tlr,work_tlrs,work_translator,work_translators", true}, {"url", "6,journalurl,magazineurl,newspaperurl,workurl", true}, {"page", "7"}, {"source", "newsagency,news_agency", true}, {"text", "8"}, {"t", "9"}, }, } -- Process interally-handled aliases related to type= or type2=. `args` is a table of arguments; `typ` is the value of -- type= or type2=; newversion=true if we're dealing with type2=; alias_map is used to keep track of alias mappings -- seen. local function process_type_aliases(args, typ, newversion, alias_map) local ind = newversion and "2" or "" local deprecated = ine(args.lang) if not type_alias_specs[typ] then local possible_values = {} for possible, _ in pairs(type_alias_specs) do insert(possible_values, possible) end sort(possible_values) error( ("Unrecognized value '%s' for type%s=; possible values are %s"):format( typ, ind, concat(possible_values, ",") ) ) end for _, alias_spec in ipairs(type_alias_specs[typ]) do local canon, aliases, with_newversion = unpack(alias_spec) if with_newversion or not newversion then canon = canon .. ind aliases = split(aliases, ",", true) local saw_alias = nil for _, alias in ipairs(aliases) do if alias:match("^%d+$") then alias = tonumber(alias) if deprecated then alias = alias - 1 end else alias = alias .. ind end if args[alias] then if saw_alias == nil then saw_alias = alias else error(("|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both"):format(saw_alias, alias)) end end end if saw_alias and (not newversion or type(saw_alias) == "string") then if args[canon] then error(("|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both"):format(saw_alias, canon)) end args[canon] = args[saw_alias] -- Wipe out the original after copying. This is important in case of a param that has general significance -- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and -- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled -- parameter checking. args[saw_alias] = nil alias_map[canon] = saw_alias end end end end -- Clone and combine frame's and parent's args while also assigning nil to empty strings. Handle aliases and ignores. local function clone_args(direct_args, parent_args) local args = {} -- Processing parent args must come first so that direct args override parent args. Note that if a direct arg is -- specified but is blank, it will still override the parent arg (with nil). for pname, param in pairs(parent_args) do -- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Wiktionary:Tracking/quote/param/PARAM]] track("param/" .. pname) args[pname] = ine(param) end -- Process ignores. The value of `ignore` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to ignore (erase). We need to -- do this before aliases due to {{quote-song}}, which sets chapter= to the value of title= in the direct params and -- sets title= to the value of album= using an alias. If we do the ignores after aliases, we get an error during alias -- processing, saying that title= and its alias album= are both present. local ignores = ine(direct_args.ignore) if ignores then for ignore in gsplit(ignores, "%s*,%s*") do args[ignore] = nil end end local alias_map = {} local other_controls = {} -- noroman local noroman = ine(direct_args.noroman) if noroman then other_controls.overrides = other_controls.overrides or {} for param in gsplit(noroman, "%s*,%s*") do other_controls.overrides[param] = (other_controls.overrides[param] or {}) other_controls.overrides[param].noroman = true end end -- Process internally-specified aliases using type= or type2=. local typ = args.type or direct_args.type if typ then process_type_aliases(args, typ, false, alias_map) end local typ2 = args.type2 or direct_args.type2 if typ2 then process_type_aliases(args, typ2, true, alias_map) end -- Process externally-specified aliases. The value of `alias` is a list of semicolon-separated specs, each of which -- is of the form DEST:SOURCE,SOURCE,... where DEST is the canonical name of a parameter and SOURCE refers to an -- alias. Whitespace is allowed between all delimiters. The order of aliases may be important. For example, for -- {{quote-journal}}, title= contains the article name and is an alias of underlying chapter=, while journal= or -- work= contains the journal name and is an alias of underlying title=. As a result, the title -> chapter alias -- must be specified before the journal/work -> title alias. -- -- Whenever we copy a value from argument SOURCE to argument DEST, we record an entry for the pair in alias_map, so -- that when we would display an error message about DEST, we display SOURCE instead. -- -- Do alias processing (and ignore and error_if processing) before processing direct_args so that e.g. we can set up -- an alias of title -> chapter and then set title= to something else in the direct args ({{quote-hansard}} does -- this). -- -- FIXME: Delete this once we've converted all alias processing to internal. local aliases = ine(direct_args.alias) if aliases then -- Allow and discard a trailing semicolon, to make managing multiple aliases easier. aliases = ugsub(aliases, "%s*;$", "") for alias_spec in gsplit(aliases, "%s*;%s*") do local alias_spec_parts = split(alias_spec, "%s*:%s*") if #alias_spec_parts ~= 2 then error(("Alias spec '%s' should have one colon in it"):format(alias_spec)) end local dest, sources = unpack(alias_spec_parts) sources = split(sources, "%s*,%s*") local saw_source = nil for _, source in ipairs(sources) do if source:match("^%d+$") then source = tonumber(source) end if args[source] then if saw_source == nil then saw_source = source else error(("|%s= and |%s= are aliases; cannot specify a value for both"):format(saw_source, source)) end end end if saw_source then if args[dest] then error(("|%s= is an alias of |%s=; cannot specify a value for both"):format(saw_source, dest)) end args[dest] = args[saw_source] -- Wipe out the original after copying. This important in case of a param that has general significance -- but has been redefined (e.g. {{quote-av}} redefines number= for the episode number, and -- {{quote-journal}} redefines title= for the chapter= (article). It's also important due to unhandled -- parameter checking. args[saw_source] = nil alias_map[dest] = saw_source end end end -- Process error_if. The value of `error_if` is a comma-separated list of parameter names to throw an error if seen -- in parent_args (they are params we overwrite in the direct args). local error_ifs = ine(direct_args.error_if) if error_ifs then for error_if in gsplit(error_ifs, "%s*,%s*") do if ine(parent_args[error_if]) then error( ("Cannot specify a value |%s=%s as it would be overwritten or ignored"):format( error_if, ine(parent_args[error_if]) ) ) end end end for pname, param in pairs(direct_args) do -- ignore control params if pname ~= "ignore" and pname ~= "alias" and pname ~= "error_if" and pname ~= "noroman" then args[pname] = ine(param) end end return args, alias_map, other_controls end local function get_args(frame_args, parent_args, require_lang) -- FIXME: We are processing arguments twice, once in clone_args() and then again in [[Module:parameters]]. This is -- wasteful of memory. local cloned_args, alias_map, other_controls = clone_args(frame_args, parent_args) local deprecated = ine(parent_args.lang) local alias_of_t = {alias_of = "t"} local boolean = {type = "boolean"} local language_sublist = {type = "language", sublist = true} local list_allow_holes = {list = true, allow_holes = true} local script = {type = "script"} -- First, the "single" params that don't have FOO2 or FOOn versions. local params = { [deprecated and "lang" or 1] = {required = require_lang, type = "language", sublist = true, default = "und"}, ["lang2"] = language_sublist, ["newversion"] = true, ["author"] = list_allow_holes, ["2ndauthor"] = true, ["trans-author"] = list_allow_holes, ["authorlink"] = list_allow_holes, ["2ndauthorlink"] = true, ["trans-authorlink"] = list_allow_holes, ["first"] = list_allow_holes, ["2ndfirst"] = true, ["trans-first"] = list_allow_holes, ["last"] = list_allow_holes, ["2ndlast"] = true, ["trans-last"] = list_allow_holes, ["nocat"] = boolean, ["nocolon"] = boolean, -- quote params text = true, passage = {alias_of = "text"}, tr = true, transliteration = {alias_of = "tr"}, ts = true, transcription = {alias_of = "ts"}, norm = true, normalization = {alias_of = "norm"}, sc = script, normsc = script, sort = true, subst = true, footer = true, lit = true, t = true, translation = alias_of_t, gloss = alias_of_t, lb = true, brackets = boolean, -- original quote params origtext = true, origtr = true, origts = true, orignorm = true, origsc = script, orignormsc = script, origsubst = true, origlb = true, usenodot = boolean, nodot = boolean, inline = boolean, asquote = boolean, ascite = boolean, } -- Most params have PARAM2 variants for use with `newversion`. FIXME: We should generalize this to -- allow PARAMN variants for any N. local function add_with_2(param, value) params[param] = value params[param .. "2"] = value end local function alias_with_2(alias, canon) params[alias] = {alias_of = canon} params[alias .. "2"] = {alias_of = canon .. "2"} end for _, param12 in ipairs{ "worklang", "termlang", "origlang", "origworklang" } do add_with_2(param12, language_sublist) end -- Then the newversion params (which have FOO2 versions). for _, param12 in ipairs{ -- author-like params; author params themselves are either list params (author=, last=, etc.) or single params -- (2ndauthor=, 2ndlast=, etc.) "coauthors", "quotee", "tlr", "editor", "editors", "mainauthor", "compiler", "compilers", "director", "directors", "lyricist", "lyrics-translator", "composer", "role", "actor", "artist", "feat", -- author control params "default-authorlabel", "authorlabel", -- title "title", "trans-title", "series", "seriesvolume", "notitle", -- entry "entry", "entryurl", "trans-entry", -- chapter "chapter", "chapterurl", "chapter_number", "chapter_plain", "chapter_series", "chapter_seriesvolume", "trans-chapter", "chapter_tlr", -- section "section", "sectionurl", "section_number", "section_plain", "section_series", "section_seriesvolume", "trans-section", -- other video-game params "system", "scene", "level", -- URL "url", "urls", "archiveurl", -- edition "edition", "edition_plain", -- ID params "bibcode", "doi", "isbn", "issn", "jstor", "lccn", "oclc", "ol", "pmid", "pmcid", "ssrn", "urn", "id", -- misc date params; most date params handled below "archivedate", "accessdate", "nodate", -- numeric params handled below -- other params "type", "genre", "format", "medium", "others", "quoted_in", "location", "publisher", "original", "by", "deriv", "note", "note_plain", "other", "source", "platform", } do add_with_2(param12, true) end -- Then the aliases of newversion params (which have FOO2 versions). for _, param12_aliased in ipairs{ {"role", "roles"}, {"role", "speaker"}, {"tlr", "tlrs"}, {"tlr", "translator"}, {"tlr", "translators"}, {"chapter_tlr", "chapter_tlrs"}, {"chapter_tlr", "chapter_translator"}, {"chapter_tlr", "chapter_translators"}, {"doi", "DOI"}, {"isbn", "ISBN"}, {"issn", "ISSN"}, {"jstor", "JSTOR"}, {"lccn", "LCCN"}, {"oclc", "OCLC"}, {"ol", "OL"}, {"pmid", "PMID"}, {"pmcid", "PMCID"}, {"ssrn", "SSRN"}, {"urn", "URN"}, } do local canon, alias = unpack(param12_aliased) alias_with_2(alias, canon) end -- Then the date params. for _, datelike in ipairs{{"", ""}, {"orig", ""}, {"", "_published"}} do local pref, suf = unpack(datelike) for _, arg in ipairs{"date", "year", "month", "start_date", "start_year", "start_month"} do add_with_2(pref .. arg .. suf, true) end end local numeric_param_suffixes = {"", "s", "_plain", "url", "_prefix"} -- Then the numeric params. for _, numeric in ipairs{"volume", "issue", "number", "line", "page", "column"} do for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do add_with_2(numeric .. suf, true) end end -- And the aliases of numeric params. for _, numeric_aliased in ipairs{{"volume", "vol"}} do local canon, alias = unpack(numeric_aliased) for _, suf in ipairs(numeric_param_suffixes) do alias_with_2(alias .. suf, canon .. suf) end end return process_params(cloned_args, params), alias_map, other_controls end local function get_origtext_params(args) local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc if args.origtext then -- Wiktionary language codes have at least two lowercase letters followed possibly by lowercase letters and/or -- hyphens (there are more restrictions but this is close enough). Also check for nonstandard Latin etymology -- language codes (e.g. VL. or LL.). (There used to be more nonstandard codes but they have all been -- eliminated.) origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match("^(%l%l[%l-]*):([^ ].*)$") if not origtextlang then -- Special hack for Latin variants, which can have nonstandard etym codes, e.g. VL., LL. origtextlang, origtext = args.origtext:match("^(%uL%.):([^ ].*)$") end if not origtextlang then error("origtext= should begin with a language code prefix") end origtextlang = get_lang(origtextlang, nil, "allow etym") or error("origtext= should begin with a language code prefix") origsc = args.origsc orignormsc = args.orignormsc else for _, noparam in ipairs{"origtr", "origts", "origsc", "orignorm", "orignormsc", "origsubst", "origlb"} do if args[noparam] then error(("Cannot specify %s= without origtext="):format(noparam)) end end end return origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc end local function get_quote(args, is_cite) local text = args.text local gloss = args.t local tr = args.tr local ts = args.ts local norm = args.norm local sc = args.sc local normsc = args.normsc -- Fetch original-text parameters. local origtext, origtextlang, origsc, orignormsc = get_origtext_params(args) -- If any quote-related args are present, display the actual quote; otherwise, display nothing. if text or gloss or tr or ts or norm or args.origtext then -- Pass "und" here rather than cause an error; there will be an error on mainspace, Citations, etc. pages -- in any case in source() if the language is omitted. local lang = get_first_lang(args[1] or args.lang) local termlang = args.termlang and get_first_lang(args.termlang) or lang local usex_data = { lang = lang, termlang = termlang, usex = text, sc = sc, translation = gloss, normalization = norm, normsc = normsc, transliteration = tr, transcription = ts, brackets = args.brackets, subst = args.subst, lit = args.lit, footer = args.footer, qq = parse_and_format_labels(args.lb, lang), quote = "quote-meta", orig = origtext, origlang = origtextlang, origsc = origsc, orignorm = args.orignorm, orignormsc = orignormsc, origtr = args.origtr, origts = args.origts, origsubst = args.origsubst, origqq = parse_and_format_labels(args.origlb, lang), noreq = args.noreq, nocat = is_cite or args.nocat, } if args.inline then -- don't let usex format the footer, otherwise it gets inlined with the rest of the quoted text usex_data.footer = nil usex_data.inline = 1 text = format_usex(usex_data) if text then text = " “" .. text .. "”" else text = "" end if args.footer then text = text .. "<dl><dd>" .. args.footer .. "</dd></dl>" end else text = "<dl><dd>" .. format_usex(usex_data) .. "</dd></dl>" end elseif args.footer then text = "<dl><dd>" .. args.footer .. "</dd></dl>" end return text end -- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{quote-meta}} and meant to be the primary -- interface for {{quote-*}} templates. function export.quote_t(frame) local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, frame:getParent().args, "require_lang") if args.ascite then return export.cite_t(frame) end return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls) end function show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls) local parts = {} insert(parts, '<div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">') insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, nil, other_controls)) insert(parts, "</span>") insert(parts, get_quote(args)) insert(parts, "</div>") local retval = concat(parts) return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({ title = "check deprecated lang param usage", args = {retval, lang = args.lang}, }) or retval end -- External interface, meant to be called from a template. Replaces {{cite-meta}} and meant to be the primary -- interface for {{cite-*}} templates. function export.cite_t(frame) local parent_args = {} for k, v in pairs(frame:getParent().args) do parent_args[k] = v end -- use "und" as lang if none provided if parent_args[1] == nil then parent_args[1] = "und" end local args, alias_map, other_controls = get_args(frame.args, parent_args) if args.asquote then return show_quote(args, alias_map, other_controls) end return show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls) end function show_cite(args, alias_map, other_controls) local parts = {} -- don't nag for translations if args.text and not args.t then args.noreq = 1 end local len_visible = args.text and ulen((args.text:gsub("<[^<>]+>", ""))) or 0 if len_visible == 0 then if not args.t or args.t == "-" then args.nocolon = true end elseif args.inline == nil then args.inline = not ( args.block_text or len_visible > 300 or (args.t and not args.t == "-" and len_visible < 80) or string.match(args.text, "<br>") ) end insert(parts, '<span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">') insert(parts, export.source(args, alias_map, "format_as_cite", other_controls)) insert(parts, "</span>") insert(parts, get_quote(args, "is_cite")) insert(parts, "</span>") local retval = concat(parts) return deprecated and frame:expandTemplate({ title = "check deprecated lang param usage", args = {retval, lang = args.lang}, }) or retval end -- External interface, meant to be called from a template. function export.call_quote_template(frame) return export.call_template(frame) end -- External interface, for calling a template with overloaded parameters. function export.overload(frame) local iargs, overloaded_args = process_params(frame.args, { [1] = {required = true} }, true) local parent_args = frame:getParent().args for k, v in pairs(parent_args) do overloaded_args[k] = v end return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs[1], args = overloaded_args} end -- External interface, meant to be called from a template. function export.call_template(frame) local parameter_sublist = {type = "parameter", sublist = true} local iargs, other_direct_args = process_params(frame.args, { ["template"] = true, ["textparam"] = parameter_sublist, ["pageparam"] = parameter_sublist, ["propagateparams"] = parameter_sublist, ["allowparams"] = {sublist = true}, -- Doesn't use type = "parameter", because any that end in :list get processed differently. }, true) local function fetch_param(source, params) for _, param in ipairs(params) do if source[param] then return source[param] end end return nil end local params = { ["text"] = true, ["passage"] = true, ["footer"] = true, -- always propagates, but gets special formatting } -- paramaters that can be used during template declaration or included in template calls -- if the template is called with param=- it will set any declared value to nil local always_propagate = { ["brackets"] = true, ["usenodot"] = true, ["nodot"] = true, ["ascite"] = true, ["asquote"] = true, } for k,v in pairs(always_propagate) do params[k] = v end local textparam = iargs.textparam or {} for _, param in ipairs(textparam) do params[param] = true end local pageparam = iargs.pageparam or {} local pageparam1 = pageparam[1] if pageparam1 ~= nil then params["page"], params["pages"] = true, true for _, param in ipairs(pageparam) do params[param] = true end end local allowparams, allow_all, list = iargs.allowparams, false if allowparams ~= nil then for _, allow in ipairs(allowparams) do local param = allow:match("^(.*):list$") if param then if list == nil then list = {list = true} end params[scribunto_parameter_key(param)] = list elseif allow == "*" then track("no parameter checking") allow_all = true else params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true end end else local parent = frame:getParent() local template_name = parent:getTitle() local template_title = new_title(template_name) local content = template_title:getContent() local allowed_params, seen = {}, {} -- Detect all params used by the parent template. param:get_name() takes the -- parent frame arg table as an argument so that preprocessing will take -- them into account, since it will matter if the name contains another -- parameter (e.g. the outer param in "{{{foo{{{bar}}}baz}}}" will change -- depending on the value for bar=). `seen` memoizes results based on the -- raw parameter text (which is stored as a string in the parameter object), -- which avoids unnecessary param:get_name() calls, which are non-trivial. for param in find_parameters(content) do local raw = param.raw if not seen[raw] then allow = param:get_name(template_args) params[scribunto_parameter_key(allow)] = true seen[raw] = true end end end local propagateparams = iargs.propagateparams or {} for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do params[param] = true end local parent_args = frame:getParent().args local args = process_params(parent_args, params, allow_all) parent_args = shallow_copy(parent_args) if textparam[1] ~= "-" then other_direct_args.passage = args.text or args.passage or fetch_param(args, textparam) end if not (pageparam1 == nil or pageparam1 == "-") then other_direct_args.page = fetch_param(args, pageparam) or args.page or other_direct_args.page or nil other_direct_args.pages = args.pages or other_direct_args.pages or nil if other_direct_args.page == "-" then other_direct_args.page = nil end if other_direct_args.pages == "-" then other_direct_args.pages = nil end end if args.footer then other_direct_args.footer = frame:expandTemplate{title = "small", args = {args.footer}} end for param, _ in pairs(always_propagate) do if args[param] == "-" then other_direct_args[param] = nil else other_direct_args[param] = args[param] or other_direct_args[param] or nil end end -- authorlink=- can be used to prevent copying of author= to authorlink= but we don't want to propagate this to -- the actual {{quote-*}} code. if other_direct_args.authorlink == "-" then other_direct_args.authorlink = nil end for _, param in ipairs(propagateparams) do if args[param] then other_direct_args[param] = args[param] end end return frame:expandTemplate{title = iargs.template or "quote-book", args = other_direct_args} end local paramdoc_param_replacements = { passage = { param_with_synonym = "<<synonym>>, {{para|text}}, or {{para|passage}}", param_no_synonym = "{{para|text}} or {{para|passage}}", text = [=[ * <<params>> – the passage to be quoted.]=], }, page = { param_with_synonym = "<<synonym>> or {{para|page}}, or {{para|pages}}", param_no_synonym = "{{para|page}} or {{para|pages}}", text = [=[ * <<params>> – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. When quoting a range of pages, note the following: ** Separate the first and last pages of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}}. ** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears). : This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=], }, page_with_roman_preface = { param_with_synonym = {"inherit", "page"}, param_no_synonym = {"inherit", "page"}, text = [=[ * <<params>> – '''mandatory in some cases''': the page number(s) quoted from. If quoting from the preface, specify the page number(s) in lowercase Roman numerals. When quoting a range of pages, note the following: ** Separate the first and last page number of the range with an [[en dash]], like this: {{para|pages|10–11}} or {{para|pages|iii–iv}}. ** You must also use {{para|pageref}} to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears). : This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.]=], }, chapter = { param_with_synonym = "<<synonym>> or {{para|chapter}}", param_no_synonym = "{{para|chapter}}", text = [=[ * <<params>> – the name of the chapter quoted from.]=], }, roman_chapter = { param_with_synonym = {"inherit", "chapter"}, param_no_synonym = {"inherit", "chapter"}, text = [=[ * <<params>> – the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.]=], }, arabic_chapter = { param_with_synonym = {"inherit", "chapter"}, param_no_synonym = {"inherit", "chapter"}, text = [=[ * <<params>> – the chapter number quoted from in Arabic numerals.]=], }, trailing_params = { text = [=[ * {{para|footer}} – a comment on the passage quoted. * {{para|brackets}} – use {{para|brackets|on}} to surround a quotation with [[bracket#Noun|brackets]]. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, “some people find the word '''''manoeuvre''''' hard to spell”) rather than an actual use of it (for example, “we need to '''manoeuvre''' carefully to avoid causing upset”), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.]=], }, } function export.paramdoc(frame) local parargs = frame:getParent().args local args = process_params(parargs, { [1] = true, }) local text = args[1] local function do_param_with_optional_synonym(param, text_to_sub, paramtext_synonym, paramtext_no_synonym) local function sub_param(synonym) local subbed_paramtext if synonym then subbed_paramtext = paramtext_synonym:gsub("<<synonym>>", "{{para|" .. replacement_escape(synonym) .. "}}") else subbed_paramtext = paramtext_no_synonym end return frame:preprocess((text_to_sub:gsub("<<params>>", replacement_escape(subbed_paramtext)))) end text = text:gsub("<<" .. pattern_escape(param) .. ">>", function() return sub_param() end) text = text:gsub("<<" .. pattern_escape(param) .. ":(.-)>>", sub_param) end local function fetch_text(param_to_replace, key) local spec = paramdoc_param_replacements[param_to_replace] local val = spec[key] if type(val) == "string" then return val end if type(val) == "table" and val[1] == "inherit" then return fetch_text(val[2], key) end error( "Internal error: Unrecognized value for param '" .. param_to_replace .. "', key '" .. key .. "': " .. mw.dumpObject(val) ) end for param_to_replace, spec in pairs(paramdoc_param_replacements) do if not spec.param_no_synonym then -- Text to substitute directly. text = text:gsub("<<" .. pattern_escape(param_to_replace) .. ">>", function() return frame:preprocess(fetch_text(param_to_replace, "text")) end) else do_param_with_optional_synonym( param_to_replace, fetch_text(param_to_replace, "text"), fetch_text(param_to_replace, "param_with_synonym"), fetch_text(param_to_replace, "param_no_synonym") ) end end -- Remove final newline so template code can add a newline after invocation text = text:gsub("\n$", "") return text end return export hh1exckiz4cpckl4qec1hv4r4262gfs Mô đun:inflection utilities 828 262624 2573609 2565762 2026-10-26T09:08:15Z Hiyuune 50834 2573609 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} local m_links = require("Module:links") local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local m_table = require("Module:table") local put = require("Module:parse utilities") local headword_data_module = "Module:headword/data" local script_utilities_module = "Module:script utilities" local pages_module = "Module:pages" local template_parser_module = "Module:template parser" local is_callable = require("Module:fun").is_callable local split = m_str_utils.split local ufind = m_str_utils.find local usub = m_str_utils.sub local ucfirst = m_str_utils.ucfirst local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility local dump = mw.dumpObject local new_title = mw.title.new local insert = table.insert local concat = table.concat local insert_if_not = m_table.insertIfNot local shallow_copy = m_table.shallowCopy local function track(page) require("Module:debug/track")("inflection utilities/" .. page) return true end local footnote_abbrevs = { ["a"] = "cổ xưa", ["c"] = "thông tục", ["d"] = "phương ngữ", ["fp"] = "thơ ca dân gian", ["l"] = "ngôn ngữ văn chương", ["lc"] = "ít thông tục", ["p"] = "thơ ca", ["pej"] = "nghĩa xấu", ["r"] = "hiếm", } --[==[ intro: The following code is used in building up the inflection of terms in inflected languages, where a term can potentially consist of several inflected words, each surrounded by fixed text, and a given slot (e.g. accusative singular) of a given word can potentially consist of multiple possible inflected forms. In addition, each form may be associated with a manual transliteration and/or a list of footnotes (or qualifiers, in the case of headword lines). The following terminology is helpful to understand: * A '''term''' is a word or multiword expression that can be inflected. A multiword term may in turn consist of several single-word inflected terms with surrounding fixed text. A term belongs to a particular '''part of speech''' (e.g. noun, verb, adjective, etc.). * An '''inflection dimension''' is a particular dimension over which a term may be inflected, such as case, number, gender, person, tense, mood, voice, aspect, etc. * The '''lemma''' is the particular form of a term under which the term is entered into a dictionary. For example, for verbs, it is most commonly the infinitive, but this differs for some languages: e.g. Latin, Greek and Bulgarian use the first-person singular present indicative (active voice in the case of Latin and Greek); Sanskrit and Macedonian use the third-person singular present indicative (active voice in the case of Sanskrit); Hebrew and Arabic use the third-person singular masculine past (aka "perfect"); etc. For nouns, the lemma form is most commonly the nominative singular, but e.g. for Old French it is the objective singular and for Sanskrit it is the root. * A '''slot''' is a particular combination of inflection dimensions. An example might be "accusative plural" for a noun, or "first-person singular present indicative" for a verb. Slots are named in a language-specific fashion. For example, the slot "accusative plural" might have a name `accpl`, while "first-person singular present indicative" might be variously named `pres1s`, `pres_ind_1_sg`, etc. Each slot is filled with zero or more '''forms'''. * A '''form''' is a particular inflection of a slot for a particular term. Note that a given slot may (and often does) have more than one associated form; these different forms are termed '''variants'''. An example is {{m+|de|Bug||bow (of a ship)}}, which has two genitive singular forms ''Buges'' and ''Bugs''; two plural forms in all cases, e.g. nominative plural ''Buge'' and ''Büge''; and two dative singular forms ''Bug'' and rare/archaic ''Buge''. The form variants for a given slot are ordered, and generally should have the more common and/or preferred variants first, along with rare, archaic or obsolete variants last (if they are included at all). * Forms are described using '''form objects''', which are Lua objects taking the form `{form="``form_value``", translit="``manual_translit``", footnotes={"``footnote``", "``footnote``", ...}}`. (Additional '''metadata''' may be present in a form object, although the support for preserving such metadata when transformations are applied to form objects isn't yet complete.) ``form_value`` is a '''form value''' specifying the value of the form itself in the term's script. ``manual_translit`` specifies optional manual transliteration for the form, in case (a) the form value is in a different script; and (b) either the form's automatic transliteration is incorrect and needs to be overridden, or the language of the term has no automatic transliteration (e.g. in the case of Persian and Hebrew). ``footnote`` is a footnote to be attached to the form in question, and should be e.g. {"[archaic]"} or {"[only in the meaning 'to succeed (an officeholder)']"}, i.e. the string must be surrounded by brackets and should begin with a lowercase letter and not end in a period/full stop. When such footnotes are converted to actual footnotes in a table of inflected forms, the brackets will be removed, the first letter will be capitalized and a period/full stop will be added to the end. (However, when such footnotes are used as qualifiers in headword lines, only the brackets will be removed, with no capitalization or final period.) Note that only ``form_value`` is mandatory. * A list of zero or more form objects is termed a '''form object list''', or usually just a '''form list'''. Such lists are ordered and go into form tables (see below). * A '''form table''' is a Lua table (i.e. a dictionary) describing all the possible inflections of a given term. The keys in such a table are slots (strings) and the values are form lists. '''NOTE:''' All inflection code assumes and maintains the invariant that no two slots, and no two forms in a single slot, share the same form object (by reference, i.e. the Lua object describing a form object should never be shared in two places). This allows for safely side-effecting form objects in certain sorts of operations. This same invariant necessarily applies to the Lua list objects containing the form objects, but does '''NOT''' apply to metadata inside of form objects. In particular, a list of footnotes may well be shared among different form objects. This means it is '''NOT''' safe to side-effect such lists, and in fact no code in this module that manipulates footnote lists will ever side-effect such lists; they are treated as immutable. * Some functions, to save memory, accept and work with abbreviated forms of form objects and/or form lists. Specifically, an '''abbreviated form object''' is either a form object or a string, the latter corresponding to a form object whose form value is the string and all other properties are nil. Similarly, an '''abbreviated form list''' is either a single abbreviated form object or a list of such objects, i.e. any of a string, form object or list of strings and/or form objects. Functions that do not accept such abbreviated structures may be said to insist on being passed form objects in '''full form''', or form lists in '''full list form'''. * Each slot is associated with an '''accelerator tag set''', which is a list of inflection tags that are used when generating an accelerator entry for the forms in the slot (see [[WT:ACCEL]]). For example, the first singular present indicative of a verb might have slot name `pres_1sg` and corresponding accelerator tag set `1|s|pres|ind`. As shown, the accelerator tag set is a string consisting of inflection tags (as used in {{tl|inflection of}}) separated by `|`. Despite the terminology ''tag set'', the tags in a tag set are ordered, although the same tag should never occur twice. * Some inflected terms are '''multiword''', i.e. they consist of multiple '''words''', where each word is generally separated by spaces or sometimes hyphens. In such a term, some of the words inflect, while others remain fixed. Words that inflect are termed '''inflecting words''' (or more correctly '''inflecting parts''', since in some circumstances, parts of a word can inflect). The '''fixed text''' is all the parts of a multiword term that do not inflect. * The descriptor that describes how a given term inflects is called an '''inflection spec''', and consists of the lemma form of the term itself, annotated with an '''angle bracket spec''' after each inflecting word. As the name implies, an angle bracket spec is surrounded by angle brackets (`<...>`). A simple example is {{m+|de|Feder||feather}}, whose inflection spec looks like `Feder<f>`, where `f` specifies the feminine gender. In this case, although there are several properties that could be specified between angle brackets, all except the gender are optional and have been left out, indicating that defaults should be used. Another example is {{m+|de|Baske|Basque person}}, whose inflection spec looks like `Baske<m.weak>`, where `m` specifies the masculine gender and `weak` specifies the weak inflection. Note that individual components of an angle bracket spec like `m` and `weak` are termed '''indicators''' and are separated by periods/full stops. A slightly more complex example is {{m+|de|Zeitgeist||zeitgeist}}, whose inflection spec looks like `Zeitgeist<m,es:s,er>` and which specifies three things in a single '''compound indicator''': `m` (the masculine gender); `es:s` (the genitive singular, which can end in either ''-es'' or ''-s''); and `er` (the nomininative plural, which ends in ''-er''). * If there are several inflecting words in a term, each one will be followed by its own angle bracket spec. An example is {{m+|de|schwarzes Loch||black hole}}, whose inflection spec looks like `schwarzes<+> Loch<n,es:s,^er>`. Here, the adjective ''schwarzes'' (the nominative neuter singular of {{m|de|schwarz||black}}) is followed by the angle bracket spec `<+>` specifying that it inflects as an adjective, and the noun ''Loch'' has the angle bracket spec `<n,es:s,^er>`, indicating (similarly to the above example) that it is neuter, has a genitive singular in either ''-es'' or ''-s'', and has a nominative plural in ''-er'' with umlaut, hence ''Löcher'' (the `^` specifies that the form requires umlaut). * Sometimes a given term has multiple ways of inflecting that differ in ways that can't be specified using a single angle bracket spec. This is supported using '''alternants''', which are specified using double parentheses. (This is so that terms that themselves contain parentheses can be specified without interference.) An example is {{m+|uk|русин||Rusyn}}, which can be stressed either as ''ру́син'' (stress on the first syllable and following accent paradigm ''a'', hence genitive singular ''ру́сина'') or ''руси́н'' (stress on the second syllable and following accent paradigm ''b'', hence genitive singular ''русина́''; note how the stress moves onto the ending, in accordance with the accent paradigm). This is specified using `((ру́син<pr>,руси́н<b.pr>))`, i.e. each separate the alternants with a comma and surround them with double parentheses. (Here, `pr` means that the terms belong to the personal animacy class, and `b` specifies the accent paradigm; paradigm ''a'' is the default and hence is omitted.) * Note that occasionally, parts of a single space-delimited word can inflect separately. An example is {{m+|la|rōsmarīnus||rosemary}}, which is a compound of {{m+|la|rōs||dew}} and {{m|la|marīnus||marine, of the sea}}. In this compound, both parts of the compound can inflect separately; hence genitive singular ''rōrismarīnī'', accusative singular ''rōremmarīnum'', etc. Alternatively, only the second part inflects; hence genitive singular ''rōsmarīnī'', accusative singular ''rōsmarīnum'', etc. This is specified as `((rōs/rōr<3.M>marīnus<2>,rōsmarīnus<2>))`. Here, the term {{m|la|rōs}} by itself would have inflection spec `rōs/rōr<3.M>` (indicating that it is third declension masculine with a non-nominative-singular stem ''rōr-'') and the term {{m|la|marīnus}} would have inflection spec `<2>` (indicating that it is second declension; the masculine gender is inferred from the ''-us'' ending). When combined in a single inflection spec, the doubly-inflecting alternant is written `rōs/rōr<3.M>marīnus<2>`, with each inflecting part followed by its corresponding angle bracket spec, and the singly-inflecting alternant is written `rōsmarīnus<2>`. As this example shows, the two alternants need not correspond in how many inflecting parts there are. It should also be noted that fixed text can surround an alternant and it is even possible to supply multiple alternants in a single inflection spec (e.g. if the term has two words in it and each word requires an alternant to inflect). * The result of parsing a single angle bracket spec is stored into a '''word spec'''. The structure of a word spec is fairly arbitrary and is determined by the user-written `parse_indicator_spec` function, but always contains a form table under the `forms` key that is populated during inflection (see below). A parameter or local variable that holds a word spec is conventionally named `base` for historical reasons. Word specs are grouped together into a structure termed a '''multiword spec''', which describes one or more word specs along with the fixed text in between and around the inflected words. Multiword specs are in turn grouped into structures termed '''alternant specs''', indicating the distinct alternants and the words in each alternant. Finally, multiword specs and alternant specs are grouped into an '''alternant multiword spec''', which is the top-level object describing an inflection spec. Each of these different specs has a form table in it stored in the `forms` key that is populated during the inflection process and contains the form objects that specify the inflections of this part of the full multiword term. (It should be noted that the term '''spec''' is overloaded to mean two different things: the user-specified descriptor that specifies the lemma form of the term and associated inflection, and the associated internal Lua object that encapsulates all information derived from the descriptor, along with later-generated information on how to inflect the term(s) being described.) * Among these various "spec" structures, the two most important are the top-level alternant multiword spec and the bottom-level word spec or "base". You will rarely find it necessary to manipulate the intermediate structures or concern yourself with the details of their formation. * The term ''form'' is unfortunately overloaded in various modules to mean several things. In particular, for historical reasons, the form value inside of a form object is stored using the key `form`; the form table inside of an alternant multiword spec, a word spec (or "base") and the intermediate structures is stored using the key `forms`; and the accelerator tag set is internally referred to in [[WT:ACCEL]] as a "form". To avoid confusion, the following conventions are followed in code in this module, and should be followed for code in invoking modules as well: *# Functions that accept form objects often name the relevant parameter `form` (if a single form object is required) or `forms` (if a list of form objects, aka form list, is required). *# Functions that accept abbreviated form objects should (but don't always) indicate this by naming the parameter `abform` (for a single abbreviated form object) or `abforms` (for an abbreviated form list). *# Functions that accept a form value (the native-script string portion of a form object, stored for historical reasons in the `.form` property) should '''not''' call such a parameter `form`, but instead use something that makes clear that a form value is required, such as `formval` or sometimes just `val`. *# Similarly, functions that accept a form table should '''not''' call such a parameter `forms` (although for historical reasons the form table in an alternant multiword spec is stored in the field `forms`). Instead, use `formtable` or `formtab`, or similar name that makes clear that the value is a form table (i.e. a map from slot to form list). ====Footnote handling==== Each form can have one or more attached footnotes. The form of a footnote as specified by the user and stored in form values is e.g. {"[archaic]"} or {"[only in the meaning 'to succeed (an officeholder)']"}, i.e. the string must be surrounded by brackets and should begin with a lowercase letter and not end in a period/full stop. When such footnotes are converted to actual footnotes in a table of inflected forms, the brackets will be removed, the first letter will be capitalized and a period/full stop will be added to the end. (However, when such footnotes are used as qualifiers in headword lines, only the brackets will be removed, with no capitalization or final period.) When merging two forms into one, such as when concatenating the form objects of two inflected words in a multiword term or deduplicating form objects sharing the same form value during `show_forms()`, the footnotes are generally combined as well. This means that if one form object has footnotes and the other doesn't, the resulting form object inherits the footnotes of the object that has them, and if both form objects have footnotes, the resulting form object gets all footnotes from both source form objects, with duplicates removed. However, when inserting a form into a form table slot that already has a form whose form value and translit are identical to the new form, the behavior is different. In under normal circumstances the footnotes of the new form are ''not'' incorporated into those of the existing form (if any), but are simply dropped. To understand why this makes sense, consider a term that has two possible forms of its lemma (e.g. two forms differing in stress or in vowel length), where the second form is archaic, rare, colloquial or the like, and has an attached footnote indicating this. An example of this is {{m+|ru|кожух||sheepskin coat; bullet shell}}, where the form ''кожу́х'' with accent pattern ''b'' is more common overall but the form ''ко́жух'' with accent pattern ''c(1)'' is more common among professionals. On first glance, this could be indicated using `((кожу́х&lt;b>,ко́жух<c(1).[professional usage only]>))`. But some forms of these two declensions are the same (in particular, the genitive, dative, instrumental and prepositional plural). If for these slots, the footnotes of the duplicate forms were combined (i.e. the footnotes of the second declension pattern were added to the already-existing form taken from the first declension pattern), these forms would wrongly be labeled as ''professional usage only''. For this reason, it makes more sense to drop the footnotes of the second form when deduplicating. The same sort of behavior makes sense when a single lemma can have two different declensions, the second of which requires a footnote and where some forms in the two declensions are shared. An example of this is {{m+|uk|окови́та||strong, high-quality liquor}}, which can be inflected adjectivally or (rarely) nominally. This would be indicated as `((окови́та<sg.+>,окови́та<sg.[rare]>))` where the `+` indicates adjectival declension and the `sg` indicates that this term only exists in the singular. Here, the two declensions differ in the genitive, dative/locative and vocative (respectively, adjectival ''окови́тої'', ''окови́тій'', ''окови́та'' vs. nominal ''окови́ти'', ''окови́ті'', ''окови́то'') but are the same in the accusative (''окови́ту'') and instrumental (''окови́тою''). Again, dropping the footnotes of the second form when deduplicating is correct and including them would be wrong. This behavior can be changed by attaching a '''footnote modifier''' to the footnote associated the second form. A footnote modifier is a symbol attached to the beginning of a footnote, directly following the opening bracket. The following modifiers are currently recognized: * `!` or `+`: If placed on a footnote of the second form, combine that footnote with those of the first form (if any) rather than dropping it. * `*`: If placed on a footnote of the first form, drop that footnote when merging a second form with any footnotes. An example where the `*` modifier makes sense is a modification of the above example with {{m+|ru|кожух}}. If we notated it as `((кожу́х<b.[more common among laymen]>,ко́жух<c(1).[more common among professionals]>))`, the shared forms would wrongly have the footnote ''more common among laymen'' when in fact they are the only possible forms. If instead we used `((кожу́х<b.[*more common among laymen]>,ко́жух<c(1).[more common among professionals]>))`, the shared forms would correctly have no footnote. ]==] local function extract_footnote_modifiers(footnote) local footnote_mods, footnote_without_mods = footnote:match("^%[([!*+]?)(.*)%]$") if not footnote_mods then error("Saw footnote '" .. footnote .. "' not surrounded by brackets") end return footnote_mods, footnote_without_mods end function export.deduplicate_footnotes(existing, new) if not new then return existing end -- Check to see if there are existing footnotes with *; if so, remove them. if existing then local any_footnotes_with_asterisk = false for _, footnote in ipairs(existing) do local footnote_mods, _ = extract_footnote_modifiers(footnote) if footnote_mods:find("%*") then any_footnotes_with_asterisk = true break end end if any_footnotes_with_asterisk then local filtered_footnotes = {} for _, footnote in ipairs(existing) do local footnote_mods, _ = extract_footnote_modifiers(footnote) if not footnote_mods:find("%*") then insert(filtered_footnotes, footnote) end end if #filtered_footnotes > 0 then existing = filtered_footnotes else existing = nil end end end -- The behavior here has changed; track cases where the old behavior might -- be needed by adding ! to the footnote. track("combining-footnotes") local any_footnotes_with_bang = false for _, footnote in ipairs(new) do local footnote_mods, _ = extract_footnote_modifiers(footnote) if footnote_mods:find("[!+]") then any_footnotes_with_bang = true break end end if any_footnotes_with_bang then if not existing then existing = {} else existing = shallow_copy(existing) end for _, footnote in ipairs(new) do local already_seen = false local footnote_mods, footnote_without_mods = extract_footnote_modifiers(footnote) if footnote_mods:find("[!+]") then for _, existing_footnote in ipairs(existing) do local _, existing_footnote_without_mods = extract_footnote_modifiers(existing_footnote) if existing_footnote_without_mods == footnote_without_mods then already_seen = true break end end if not already_seen then insert(existing, footnote) end end end end return existing end --[==[ Combine two sets of footnotes. If either is {nil}, just return the other, and if both are {nil}, return {nil}. ]==] function export.combine_footnotes(notes1, notes2) if not notes1 and not notes2 then return nil end if not notes1 then return notes2 end if not notes2 then return notes1 end local combined = shallow_copy(notes1) for _, note in ipairs(notes2) do insert_if_not(combined, note) end return combined end function export.combine_formobj_lists(list1, list2, metadata) if not list1 and not list2 then return nil end if not list1 then return list2 end if not list2 then return list1 end return export.insert_formobjs_into_list { existing_list = list1, formobjs = list2, metadata = metadata, } end function export.looks_like_formobj_list(list) if list == nil then return true end if type(list) ~= "table" then return false end for k, v in pairs(list) do if type(k) ~= "number" then return false end if type(v) ~= "table" then return false end if type(v.form) ~= "string" then return false end end return true end function export.looks_like_boolean(object) return object == nil or type(object) == "boolean" end function export.default_fallback_deduplicate_handler(_prop, existing, _new) return existing, true end function export.default_fallback_combine_handler(_prop, existing, new) if export.looks_like_formobj_list(existing) and export.looks_like_formobj_list(new) then return export.combine_formobj_lists(existing, new), true end if export.looks_like_boolean(existing) and export.looks_like_boolean(new) then return existing or new, true end if existing ~= nil then return existing, true end return new, true end --[=[ Default handler functions for working with form object metadata. The user-specific metadata structure has the same format. The key is a specific metadata field and the value is an object with fields specifying handlers and other properties of the metadata. The recognized per-metadata fields are: * `deduplicate`: Handler to deduplicate form objects when inserting a form object into an existing list (e.g. in a form table) and two form objects have the same form value and translit. It is passed two values, respectively the metadata property from the existing list object and the new object being inserted into the list. The default and most common behavior here is to preserve the property from the existing object, even if {nil}, and discard the value from the new object. This is what is done in footnotes, for example, unless the existing footnote is preceded by a * (meaning to discard both values) or the new one is preceded by a + (meaning to preserve and combine both values, which is not currrently used anywhere and may not make sense). This ensures, for example, that if a noun can be declined according to two paradigms and the second one is rare, the {"rare"} footnote on the second one gets discarded whenever the two paradigms coincide. * `combine`: Handler to combine form objects when deriving a new object from an existing one. This is conceptually very different from deduplication. In this situation, the existing and new objects may or may not match in form value and translit, and since the new form object is a derivative of the existing one, it should combine the metadata properties of both, preserving as much information as possible and not discarding anything. Combining footnotes, for example, means taking the footnotes from either one, and if both exising and new objects have footnotes, merging the two lists and removing duplicates. (The only exception is if a new footnote is preceded by !, which causes existing footnotes to be discarded. This is termed an ''override'', and allows e.g. for one form of a paradigm to override the footnote associated with the paradigm as a whole, as for example if a paradigm is archaic except for one of the forms.) The default `combine` strategy is as follows: *# If both the existing and new objects are {nil} or "look like" form object lists (i.e. are tables where all keys are numeric and all values are tables with a `form` key whose value is a string), combine them using `insert_formobjs_into_list`. *# If both the existing and new objects are {nil} or boolean, combine them using `A or B`. *# Otherwise, take the existing value if it is non-{nil}, and if not, take the new value. Note that this means that the existing value will be kept even if it is {false} (which would not happen if the new value were {true}); this allows for metadata where {false} is a special signal and keys are otherwise strings or objects. However, in general if the metadata objects are not boolean and not form object lists, they will need a custom combine handler. Some keys in the metadata handler object are special: * `*`: This provides "fallback" handlers. These handlers are called for all metadata fields without dedicated handlers. These handlers work similar to normal `deduplicate` and `combine` handlers except (a) they are passed three values, first the metadata property name and then the existing and new values; (b) they should return two values, first the appropriate merged value and second a boolean indicating whether the property was handled. (If {false} is returned, the first value is ignored and should be {nil}.) Dedicated and fallback handlers are called in the following order: (1) dedicated user-specified handlers; (2) dedicated default handlers; (3) fallback user-specified handlers; (4) fallback default handlers. This ensures that standard dedicated default handlers (particularly for footnotes) get run prior to the user-specified fallback handlers; otherwise, practically all such fallback handlers will need to check for and ignore footnotes. * `_side_effect_formobjs`: If true, existing form objects can be side-effected during deduplication or combining. This requires that two logically distinct form objects in a given form table never have the same reference. (Generally two such objects should be in different slots. If two references to the same object occur in different positions in the list of form objects under a single slot, it indicates an internal error in the deduplication mechanism.) This means that user code that generates form objects for insertion into a table must take care never to reuse existing form objects (e.g. when setting one slot equal to another slot), but must always shallow-copy the form objects. This is not the default for this reason, and in fact it's not clear that implementing this results in any efficiency gain (it may actually be the reverse, since form objects have to be copied that could otherwise be shared). ]=] local default_metadata_handlers = { footnotes = { deduplicate = export.deduplicate_footnotes, combine = export.combine_footnotes, }, ["*"] = { deduplicate = export.default_fallback_deduplicate_handler, combine = export.default_fallback_combine_handler, } } local function is_non_metadata_property(k) return k == "form" or k == "translit" end -- Call the appropriate handler for merging the metadata for property `prop` with values `existing_val` and `new_val`, -- using method `method` (either "deduplicate" or "combine"). `metadata` is the structure describing all properties of -- all metadata in a given form object. This looks for, in order: -- 1. A handler for the specific property in `metadata`. -- 2. A default handler for the specific property. -- 3. A fallback handler in `metadata`. -- 4. A default fallback handler. -- Return the new value. local function call_merge_metadata_handler(metadata, prop, method, existing_val, new_val) local function try_specific(handler_struct, prop) if handler_struct and handler_struct[prop] and handler_struct[prop][method] then return (handler_struct[prop][method](existing_val, new_val)), true end return nil, false end local function try_fallback(handler_struct, prop) if handler_struct and handler_struct["*"] and handler_struct["*"][method] then -- Two values are returned from the handler, the new value and whether the property was handled. return handler_struct["*"][method](prop, existing_val, new_val) end return nil, false end local retval, matched = try_specific(metadata, prop) if matched then return retval end retval, matched = try_specific(default_metadata_handlers, prop) if matched then return retval end retval, matched = try_fallback(metadata, prop) if matched then return retval end retval, matched = try_fallback(default_metadata_handlers, prop) return retval end -- Merge the metadata of two form objects using `method` (either "deduplicate" or "combine"). `metadata` is the -- structure describing all properties of all metadata in a given form object. Metadata is merged between -- `existing_formobj` (on the left) and `new_formobj` (on the right), and is normally stored into `existing_formobj`, -- but will be stored into `new_formobj` if `merge_into_new` is given. If `metadata` allows for side-effecting, the -- changes will be made by side-effecting the object to be changed; otherwise, a shallow copy of the object will be -- made if necessary (only if the new value is not equal to the existing value). Returns two values, the changed form -- object (which may be the same as one of the passed-in objects) and a flag which is true if a copy was made of a form -- object. local function merge_metadata(metadata, method, existing_formobj, new_formobj, merge_into_new) local props_of_either = nil for k, _ in pairs(existing_formobj) do if not is_non_metadata_property(k) then props_of_either = props_of_either or {} props_of_either[k] = true end end for k, _ in pairs(new_formobj) do if not is_non_metadata_property(k) then props_of_either = props_of_either or {} props_of_either[k] = true end end local store_object = merge_into_new and new_formobj or existing_formobj if props_of_either then if metadata._side_effect_formobjs then for k, _ in pairs(props_of_either) do store_object[k] = call_merge_metadata_handler(metadata, k, method, existing_formobj[k], new_formobj[k]) end else local need_to_copy = false local new_values = {} for k, _ in pairs(props_of_either) do local newval = call_merge_metadata_handler(metadata, k, method, existing_formobj[k], new_formobj[k]) if newval ~= store_object[k] and not m_table.deepEquals(newval, store_object[k]) then need_to_copy = true end new_values[k] = newval end if need_to_copy then store_object = shallow_copy(store_object) for k, _ in pairs(props_of_either) do store_object[k] = new_values[k] end end return store_object, need_to_copy end else return store_object, false end end --[==[ Insert a form object (see above) into a list of such objects. If the form is already present (i.e. both the form value and translit, if any, match), the footnotes of the existing and new form might be combined (specifically, footnotes in the new form beginning with `+` will be combined). ]==] function export.insert_formobj_into_list(data) local existing_list = data.existing_list local formobj = data.formobj -- Don't do anything if the form object is nil. if not formobj then return existing_list end for i, existing_formobj in ipairs(existing_list) do if existing_formobj.form == formobj.form and existing_formobj.translit == formobj.translit then local new_existing, copied = merge_metadata(data.metadata, "deduplicate", existing_formobj, formobj) if copied then local list_copy = shallow_copy(existing_list) list_copy[i] = new_existing return list_copy end return existing_list end end -- Form not found. insert(existing_list, formobj) return existing_list end --[==[ Insert a list of form objects (see above) into an existing list of such objects. ``forms`` can be {nil}, in which case nothing happens. This is equivalent to calling `insert_form_into_list` for each form object. ]==] function export.insert_formobjs_into_list(data) local existing_list = data.existing_list local formobjs = data.formobjs if not formobjs then return existing_list end for _, formobj in ipairs(formobjs) do existing_list = export.insert_formobj_into_list { existing_list = existing_list, formobj = formobj, metadata = data.metadata, } end return existing_list end --[==[ Insert a form object (see above) into the given slot in the given form table. On input, `data` is an object with the following fields: * `formtable`: A form table (see above). * `slot`: A slot in the form table, i.e. a key whose value is a form object list. * `formobj`: A form object to be inserted into the slot. Can be {nil}, in which case nothing happens. * `metadata`: The metadata structure describing how to combine user-specified metadata. Can be {nil} if there is no user-specified metadata or the default fallback metadata handlers are sufficient (which is usually the case if the all user-specified metadata is boolean). ]==] function export.insert_formobj_into_form_table(data) local formtable, slot, formobj, metadata = data.formtable, data.slot, data.formobj, data.metadata -- Don't do anything if the form object is nil. if not formobj then return end if not formtable[slot] then formtable[slot] = {} end formtable[slot] = export.insert_formobj_into_list { existing_list = formtable[slot], formobj = formobj, metadata = metadata, } end --[==[ Insert a list of form objects (see above) into the given slot in the given form table. On input, `data` is an object with the following fields: * `formtable`: A form table (see above). * `slot`: A slot in the form table, i.e. a key whose value is a form object list. * `formobjs`: A list of form objects (in "full list" form) to be inserted into the slot. Can be {nil} or an empty list, in which case nothing happens. * `metadata`: The metadata structure describing how to combine user-specified metadata. Can be {nil} if there is no user-specified metadata or the default fallback metadata handlers are sufficient (which is usually the case if the all user-specified metadata is boolean). ]==] function export.insert_formobjs_into_form_table(data) local formtable, slot, formobjs, metadata = data.formtable, data.slot, data.formobjs, data.metadata if not formobjs or not formobjs[1] then return end if not formtable[slot] then formtable[slot] = {} end formtable[slot] = export.insert_formobjs_into_list { existing_list = formtable[slot], formobjs = formobjs, metadata = metadata, } end --[==[ Flatmap a function over a list of form objects and return the (potentially flattened) results. Flatmapping is like a normal mapping operation except that the function being called may return a list, and all values returned are concatenated into a single flattened list. On input, `data` is an object with the following fields: * `formobjs`: A list of form objects to map over, in "full list form" (see above). * `fn`: The function to map over each form object. If a form object's value is {"?"}, the form object is preserved on output and the function is not called. Otherwise, the function is called with one argument, the form object, and should {nil} (equivalent to returning an empty list) or an abbreviated form list (i.e. anything that is convertible into a full list form, such as a single form value, a list of form values, a form object or a list of form objects). For each form object in the return value, the metadata of the object mapped over is combined with the metadata of the returned object, unless `no_combine_metadata` is given. The resulting form objects from all function calls are flattened into a list and deduplicated in the same fashion as `insert_formobj_into_list()` (in case two different form objects map to the same form value). * `metadata`: The metadata structure describing how to combine user-specified metadata. Can be {nil} if there is no user-specified metadata or the default fallback metadata handlers are sufficient (which is usually the case if the all user-specified metadata is boolean). * `no_combine_metadata`: See `fn` above. If given, metadata from objects mapped over will not be combined into the returned objects. NOTE: There is no `map_formobjs` function provided because `flatmap_formobjs` will correctly handle functions that return single form objects. ]==] function export.flatmap_formobjs(data) local formobjs, fn, metadata, no_combine_metadata = data.formobjs, data.fn, data.metadata, data.no_combine_metadata if not formobjs then return nil end local retval = {} for _, formobj in ipairs(formobjs) do local funret if formobj.form == "?" then if metadata and metadata._side_effect_formobjs then funret = shallow_copy(formobj) else funret = formobj end else funret = fn(formobj) end if funret then funret = export.convert_to_full_list_form(funret) for _, fr in ipairs(funret) do if not no_combine_metadata then fr = merge_metadata(metadata, "combine", formobj, fr, "merge_into_new") end retval = export.insert_formobj_into_list { existing_list = retval, formobj = fr, metadata = metadata, } end end end return retval end --[==[ Insert a form object (see above) into a list of such objects. If the form is already present (i.e. both the form value and translit, if any, match), the footnotes of the existing and new form might be combined (specifically, footnotes in the new form beginning with `!` will be combined). ]==] function export.insert_form_into_list(list, form) -- Don't do anything if the form object or the form inside it is nil. This simplifies -- form insertion in the presence of inflection generating functions that may return nil, -- such as generate_noun_vocative() and generate_noun_count_form(). if not form or not form.form then return end for _, listform in ipairs(list) do if listform.form == form.form and listform.translit == form.translit then listform.footnotes = export.deduplicate_footnotes(listform.footnotes, form.footnotes) return end end -- Form not found. insert(list, form) end --[==[ Insert a list of form objects (see above) into an existing list of such objects. ``forms`` can be {nil}, in which case nothing happens. This is equivalent to calling `insert_form_into_list` for each form object. ]==] function export.insert_forms_into_list(list, forms) if not forms then return end for _, form in ipairs(forms) do export.insert_form_into_list(list, form) end end --[==[ Insert a form object (see above) into the given slot in the given form table. ``form`` can be {nil}, in which case nothing happens. ]==] function export.insert_form(formtable, slot, form) -- Don't do anything if the form object or the form inside it is nil. This simplifies -- form insertion in the presence of inflection generating functions that may return nil, -- such as generate_noun_vocative() and generate_noun_count_form(). if not form or not form.form then return end if not formtable[slot] then formtable[slot] = {} end export.insert_form_into_list(formtable[slot], form) end --[==[ Insert a list of form objects (see above) into the given slot in the given form table. ``forms`` can be {nil}, in which case nothing happens. ]==] function export.insert_forms(formtable, slot, forms) if not forms then return end for _, form in ipairs(forms) do export.insert_form(formtable, slot, form) end end --[==[ Identity mapping function. ]==] function export.identity(formval, translit) return formval, translit end local function form_value_transliterable(formval) return formval ~= "?" and formval ~= "—" end local function call_map_function_str(str, fun) if str == "?" then return "?" end local newformval, newtranslit = fun(str) if newtranslit then return {form=newformval, translit=newtranslit} else return newformval end end -- FIXME: This doesn't correctly handle metadata. local function call_map_function_obj(form, fun) if form.form == "?" then return {form = "?", footnotes = form.footnotes} end local newformval, newtranslit = fun(form.form, form.translit) return {form = newformval, translit = newtranslit, footnotes = form.footnotes} end --[==[ Map a function over the form values in ``forms`` (a list of form objects in "full list form"; see above). If an input form value is {"?"}, it is preserved on output and the function is not called. Otherwise, the function is called with two arguments, the original form and manual translit; if manual translit isn't relevant, it's fine to declare the function with only one argument. The return value is either a single value (the new form) or two values (the new form and new manual translit). The footnotes (if any) from the input form objects are preserved on output. Uses `insert_form_into_list()` to insert the resulting form objects into the returned list in case two different forms map to the same thing. FIXME: Expand this to correctly handle metadata, or create a variant that correctly handles metadata. ]==] function export.map_forms(forms, fun) if not forms then return nil end local retval = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms) do export.insert_form_into_list(retval, call_map_function_obj(form, fun)) end return retval end --[==[ Map a list-returning function over the form values in ``forms`` (a list of form objects in "full list form"; see above). If an input form value is {"?"}, it is preserved on output and the function is not called. Otherwise, the function is called with two arguments, the original form and manual translit; if manual translit isn't relevant, it's fine to declare the function with only one argument. The return value of the function can be {nil} or an abbreviated form list (i.e. anything that is convertible into a full list form, such as a single form value, a list of form values, a form object or a list of form objects). For each form object in the return value, the footnotes of that form object (if any) are combined with any footnotes from the input form object, and the result inserted into the returned list using `insert_form_into_list()` in case two different forms map to the same thing. ]==] function export.flatmap_forms(forms, fun) if not forms then return nil end local retval = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms) do local funret = form.form == "?" and form or fun(form.form, form.translit) if funret then funret = export.convert_to_general_list_form(funret) for _, fr in ipairs(funret) do local newform = { form = fr.form, translit = fr.translit, footnotes = export.combine_footnotes(form.footnotes, fr.footnotes) } export.insert_form_into_list(retval, newform) end end end return retval end --[==[ Map a function over the form values in ``abforms`` (an abbreviated form list). If the input form value is {"?"}, it is preserved on output and the function is not called. If ``first_only`` is given and ``abforms`` is a list, only map over the first element. Return value is of the same form as ``abforms``, unless ``abforms`` is a string and the function returns both form value and manual translit (in which case the return value is a form object). The function is called with two arguments, the original form value and manual translit; if manual translit isn't relevant, it's fine to declare the function with only one argument. The return value is either a single value (the new form value) or two values (the new form value and new manual translit). The footnotes (if any) from the input form objects are preserved on output. FIXME: This function is used only in [[Module:bg-verb]] and should be moved into that module. ]==] function export.map_form_or_forms(abforms, fun, first_only) if not abforms then return nil elseif type(abforms) == "string" then return call_map_function_str(abforms, fun) elseif abforms.form then return call_map_function_obj(abforms, fun) else local retval = {} for i, abform in ipairs(abforms) do if first_only then return export.map_form_or_forms(abform, fun) end insert(retval, export.map_form_or_forms(abform, fun)) end return retval end end --[==[ Expand a given footnote (as specified by the user, including the surrounding brackets) into the form to be inserted into the final generated table. If ``no_parse_refs`` is not given and the footnote is a reference (of the form {"[ref:...]"}), parse and return the specified reference(s). Two values are returned, `footnote_string` (the expanded footnote, or nil if the second value is present) and `references` (a list of objects of the form `{text = ``text``, name = ``name``, group = ``group``}` if the footnote is a reference and ``no_parse_refs`` is not given, otherwise {nil}). Unless ``return_raw`` is given, the returned footnote string is capitalized and has a final period added. ]==] function export.expand_footnote_or_references(note, return_raw, no_parse_refs) local _, notetext = extract_footnote_modifiers(note) if not no_parse_refs and notetext:find("^ref:") then -- a reference notetext = notetext:gsub("^ref:", "") local parsed_refs = require("Module:references").parse_references(notetext) for i, ref in ipairs(parsed_refs) do if type(ref) == "string" then parsed_refs[i] = {text = ref} end end return nil, parsed_refs end if footnote_abbrevs[notetext] then notetext = footnote_abbrevs[notetext] track("footnote-whole-abbrev") else local split_notes = split(notetext, "<(.-)>") for i, split_note in ipairs(split_notes) do if i % 2 == 0 then split_notes[i] = footnote_abbrevs[split_note] track("footnote-angle-bracket-abbrev") if not split_notes[i] then -- Don't error for now, because HTML might be in the footnote. -- Instead we should switch the syntax here to e.g. <<a>> to avoid -- conflicting with HTML. split_notes[i] = "<" .. split_note .. ">" track("footnote-unrecognized-angle-bracket-abbrev") --error("Unrecognized footnote abbrev: <" .. split_note .. ">") else track("footnote-recognized-angle-bracket-abbrev") end end end notetext = concat(split_notes) end return return_raw and notetext or ucfirst(notetext) .. "." end --[==[ Convert a list of foonotes to qualifiers and references for use in [[Module:headword]] or similar. Returns two values, a list of qualifiers (possibly {nil}) and a list of reference structures (possibly {nil}), following the structure defined in [[Module:references]]). ]==] function export.convert_footnotes_to_qualifiers_and_references(footnotes) if not footnotes then return nil end local quals, refs for _, qualifier in ipairs(footnotes) do local this_footnote, this_refs = export.expand_footnote_or_references(qualifier, "return raw") if this_refs then if not refs then refs = this_refs else for _, ref in ipairs(this_refs) do insert(refs, ref) end end else if not quals then quals = {this_footnote} else insert(quals, this_footnote) end end end return quals, refs end --[==[ Combine an abbreviated form object (either a string or a table) with additional footnotes, possibly replacing the form value and/or translit in the process. Normally called in one of two ways: (1) `combine_form_and_footnotes(``form_obj``, ``addl_footnotes``, ``new_form``, ``new_translit``)` where ``form_obj`` is an existing abbreviated form object; ``addl_footnotes`` is either {nil}, a single string (a footnote) or a list of footnotes; ``new_formval`` is either {nil} or the new form value to substitute; and ``new_translit`` is either {nil} or the new translit string to substitute. (2) `combine_form_and_footnotes(``form_value``, ``footnotes``)`, where ``form_value`` is a form value (a string) and ``footnotes`` is either {nil}, a single string (a footnote) or a list of footnotes. In either case, a form object is returned, preserving as many properties as possible from any existing form object in ``abform``. Do the minimal amount of work; e.g. if ``abform`` is a form object and ``addl_footnotes``, ``new_formval`` and ``new_translit`` are all {nil}, the same object as passed in is returned. Under no circumstances is the existing form object side-effected. '''FIXME:''' This does not correctly preserve metadata. ]==] function export.combine_form_and_footnotes(abform, addl_footnotes, new_formval, new_translit) if type(addl_footnotes) == "string" then addl_footnotes = {addl_footnotes} end if not addl_footnotes and not new_formval and not new_translit then return abform end if type(abform) == "string" then new_formval = new_formval or abform return {form = new_formval, translit = new_translit, footnotes = addl_footnotes} end abform = shallow_copy(abform) if new_formval then abform.form = new_formval end if new_translit then abform.translit = new_translit end if addl_footnotes then abform.footnotes = export.combine_footnotes(abform.footnotes, addl_footnotes) end return abform end --[==[ Convert an abbreviated form list (either a string, form object, or list of either) into full list form. This function does not side-effect any of the objects passed into ``abforms``, but will return ``abforms`` unchanged if already in full list form. ]==] function export.convert_to_full_list_form(abforms) if type(abforms) == "string" then return {{form = abforms}} elseif abforms.form then return {abforms} else -- Check if already in full list form and return directly if so. local must_convert = false for _, form in ipairs(abforms) do if type(form) == "string" then must_convert = true break end end if not must_convert then return abforms end end local retval = {} for _, form in ipairs(abforms) do if type(form) == "string" then insert(retval, {form = form}) else insert(retval, form) end end return retval end --[==[ Convert an abbreviated form list (either a string, form object, or list of either) into full list form. If ``footnotes`` is supplied, then for each form in the form list, combine the form's footnotes with ``footnotes``. This function does not side-effect any of the objects passed into ``abforms``, but will return ``abforms`` unchanged if already in full list form and ``footnotes`` is {nil}. '''FIXME:''' This does not correctly preserve metadata. ]==] function export.convert_to_general_list_form(abforms, footnotes) if type(footnotes) == "string" then footnotes = {footnotes} end if type(abforms) == "string" then return {{form = abforms, footnotes = footnotes}} elseif abforms.form then return {export.combine_form_and_footnotes(abforms, footnotes)} elseif not footnotes then -- Check if already in full list form and return directly if so. local must_convert = false for _, form in ipairs(abforms) do if type(form) == "string" then must_convert = true break end end if not must_convert then return abforms end end local retval = {} for _, form in ipairs(abforms) do if type(form) == "string" then insert(retval, {form = form, footnotes = footnotes}) else insert(retval, export.combine_form_and_footnotes(form, footnotes)) end end return retval end local function is_table_of_strings(forms) for k, v in pairs(forms) do if type(k) ~= "number" or type(v) ~= "string" then return false end end return true end local function lang_or_func_transliterate(func, lang, text) local retval if func then retval = func(text) else retval = (lang:transliterate(text)) end -- FIXME! Hack to work around bug in ...:transliterate(). Remove me as soon as this bug is fixed. if not retval and (text == " " or text == "-" or text == "-́" or text == "?" or text == "-∅") then retval = text end if not retval then error(("Unable to transliterate text '%s'"):format(text)) end return retval end --[==[ Combine ``stems`` and ``endings`` and store into slot ``slot`` of form table ``formtable``. Either of ``stems`` and ``endings`` can be {nil} or an abbreviated form list. The combination of a given stem and ending happens using ``combine_stem_ending``, which takes two parameters (stem and ending, each a string) and returns one value (a string). If manual transliteration is present in either ``stems`` or ``endings``, ``lang`` (a language object or a function of one argument to transliterate a string) along with ``combine_stem_ending_tr`` (a function for combining manual transliterations that works much like ``combine_stem_ending``) must be given. ``footnotes``, if specified, is a list of additional footnotes to attach to the resulting inflections (stem+ending combinations). The resulting inflections are inserted into the form table using `insert_form()`, in case of duplication. ]==] function export.add_forms(formtable, slot, stems, endings, combine_stem_ending, lang, combine_stem_ending_tr, footnotes) if stems == nil or endings == nil then return end local function combine(stem, ending) if stem == "?" or ending == "?" then return "?" end return combine_stem_ending(stem, ending) end local function transliterate(text) return lang_or_func_transliterate(is_callable(lang) and lang or nil, lang, text) end if type(stems) == "string" and type(endings) == "string" then export.insert_form(formtable, slot, {form = combine(stems, endings), footnotes = footnotes}) elseif type(stems) == "string" and is_table_of_strings(endings) then for _, ending in ipairs(endings) do export.insert_form(formtable, slot, {form = combine(stems, ending), footnotes = footnotes}) end else stems = export.convert_to_general_list_form(stems) endings = export.convert_to_general_list_form(endings, footnotes) for _, stem in ipairs(stems) do for _, ending in ipairs(endings) do local new_footnotes = nil if stem.footnotes and ending.footnotes then new_footnotes = shallow_copy(stem.footnotes) for _, footnote in ipairs(ending.footnotes) do insert_if_not(new_footnotes, footnote) end elseif stem.footnotes then new_footnotes = stem.footnotes elseif ending.footnotes then new_footnotes = ending.footnotes end local new_form = combine(stem.form, ending.form) local new_translit if new_form ~= "?" and (stem.translit or ending.translit) then if not lang or not combine_stem_ending_tr then error("Internal error: With manual translit, 'lang' and 'combine_stem_ending_tr' must be passed to 'add_forms'") end local stem_tr = stem.translit or transliterate(m_links.remove_links(stem.form)) local ending_tr = ending.translit or transliterate(m_links.remove_links(ending.form)) new_translit = combine_stem_ending_tr(stem_tr, ending_tr) end export.insert_form(formtable, slot, {form = new_form, translit = new_translit, footnotes = new_footnotes}) end end end end --[==[ Combine any number of form components and store into slot ``slot`` of form table ``formtable``. ``components`` is a list of abbreviated form lists which should be concatenated similarly to how `add_forms()` does it, and stored in ``slot`` along with any footnotes in ``footnotes``. More specifically: # If there are no components, nothing happens. # If there is one component, it is converted to full list form and `insert_forms()` called. # If there are two components, they are treated as stems and endings respectively and `add_forms()` is called. # If there are three or more components, they are concatenated left-to-right in the manner of a `reduce()` operation: the first two components are combined using `add_forms()` and stored into a temporary table, then the next component is combined with the result of the previous operation, etc. In the last combination, footnotes in `footnotes` are combined in, and the result stored into `formtable`. This should generally be used when you are likely to have three or more components, as in [[Module:ar-verb]] (prefixes, stems and endings) and [[Module:de-verb]] (which in some situations has five components combined together). ``combine_stem_ending``, ``lang``, ``combine_stem_ending_tr`` and ``footnotes`` are as in `add_forms()`. ]==] function export.add_multiple_forms(formtable, slot, components, combine_stem_ending, lang, combine_stem_ending_tr, footnotes) if #components == 0 then return elseif #components == 1 then local forms = export.convert_to_general_list_form(components[1], footnotes) export.insert_forms(formtable, slot, forms) elseif #components == 2 then local stems = components[1] local endings = components[2] export.add_forms(formtable, slot, stems, endings, combine_stem_ending, lang, combine_stem_ending_tr, footnotes) else local prev = components[1] for i=2, #components do local temptable = {} export.add_forms(temptable, slot, prev, components[i], combine_stem_ending, lang, combine_stem_ending_tr, i == #components and footnotes or nil) prev = temptable[slot] end export.insert_forms(formtable, slot, prev) end end local function iterate_slot_list_or_table(props, do_slot) if props.slot_list then for _, slot_and_accel_tag_set in ipairs(props.slot_list) do local slot, accel_tag_set = unpack(slot_and_accel_tag_set) do_slot(slot, accel_tag_set) end else for slot, accel_tag_set in pairs(props.slot_table) do do_slot(slot, accel_tag_set) end end end function export.default_split_bracketed_runs_into_words(bracketed_runs, data) -- If the text begins with a hyphen, include the hyphen in the set of allowed characters -- for an inflected segment. This way, e.g. conjugating "-ir" is treated as a regular -- -ir verb rather than a hyphen + irregular [[ir]]. local is_suffix = (not data or data.text_index == 1) and bracketed_runs[1]:find("^%-") local split_pattern = is_suffix and " " or "[ %-]" return put.split_alternating_runs(bracketed_runs, split_pattern, "preserve splitchar") end local function props_transliterate(props, text) return lang_or_func_transliterate(props.transliterate, props.lang, text) end local function parse_before_or_post_text(data) -- NOTE: data.text_index is also used (in `default_split_bracketed_runs_into_words`). local props, text, segments, lemma_is_last = data.props, data.text, data.segments, data.lemma_is_last -- Call parse_balanced_segment_run() to keep multiword links together. local bracketed_runs = put.parse_balanced_segment_run(text, "[", "]") -- Split normally on space or hyphen (but customizable). Use preserve_splitchar so we know whether the separator was -- a space or hyphen. local space_separated_groups if props.split_bracketed_runs_into_words then space_separated_groups = props.split_bracketed_runs_into_words(bracketed_runs) end if not space_separated_groups then space_separated_groups = export.default_split_bracketed_runs_into_words(bracketed_runs, data) end local parsed_components = {} local parsed_components_translit = {} local saw_manual_translit = false local lemma for j, space_separated_group in ipairs(space_separated_groups) do local component = concat(space_separated_group) if lemma_is_last and j == #space_separated_groups then lemma = component if lemma == "" and not props.allow_blank_lemma then error("Word is blank: '" .. concat(segments) .. "'") end elseif component:find("//") then -- Manual translit or respelling specified. if not props.lang then error("Manual translit not allowed for this language; if this is incorrect, 'props.lang' must be set internally") end saw_manual_translit = true local split_components = split(component, "//", "plain") if #split_components ~= 2 then error("Term with translit or respelling should have only one // in it: " .. component) end local translit component, translit = unpack(split_components) if props.transliterate_respelling then translit = props.transliterate_respelling(translit) end insert(parsed_components, component) insert(parsed_components_translit, translit) else insert(parsed_components, component) insert(parsed_components_translit, false) -- signal that it may need later transliteration end end if saw_manual_translit then for j, parsed_component in ipairs(parsed_components) do if not parsed_components_translit[j] then parsed_components_translit[j] = props_transliterate(props, m_links.remove_links(parsed_component)) end end end text = concat(parsed_components) local translit if saw_manual_translit then translit = concat(parsed_components_translit) end return text, translit, lemma end --[=[ Parse a segmented multiword spec such as "[[медичний|меди́чна]]<+> [[сестра́]]<*,*#.pr>" (in Ukrainian). "Segmented" here means it is broken up on <...> segments using parse_balanced_segment_run(text, "<", ">"), e.g. the above text would be passed in as {"[[медичний|меди́чна]]", "<+>", " [[сестра́]]", "<*,*#.pr>", ""}. The return value is a table of the form { word_specs = {``word_spec``, ``word_spec``, ...}, post_text = "``text-at-end``", post_text_no_links = "``text-at-end-no-links``", post_text_translit = "``manual-translit-of-text-at-end``" or nil (if no manual translit or respelling was specified in the post-text) } where ``word_spec`` describes an individual inflected word and "``text-at-end``" is any raw text that may occur after all inflected words. Individual words or linked text (including multiword text) may be given manual transliteration or respelling in languages that support this using ``text``//``translit`` or ``text``//``respelling``. Each ``word_spec`` is of the form returned by parse_indicator_spec(): { lemma = "``lemma``", before_text = "``text-before-word``", before_text_no_links = "``text-before-word-no-links``", before_text_translit = "``manual-translit-of-text-before-word``" or nil (if no manual translit or respelling was specified in the before-text) -- Fields as described in parse_indicator_spec() ... } For example, the return value for "[[медичний|меди́чна]]<+> [[сестра́]]<*,*#.pr>" is { word_specs = { { lemma = "[[медичний|меди́чна]]", overrides = {}, adj = true, before_text = "", before_text_no_links = "", forms = {}, }, { lemma = "[[сестра́]]", overrides = {}, stresses = { { reducible = true, genpl_reversed = false, }, { reducible = true, genpl_reversed = true, }, }, animacy = "pr", before_text = " ", before_text_no_links = " ", forms = {}, }, }, post_text = "", post_text_no_links = "", } ]=] local function parse_multiword_spec(segments, props, disable_allow_default_indicator) local multiword_spec = { word_specs = {} } if not disable_allow_default_indicator then if #segments == 1 then if props.allow_default_indicator then insert(segments, "<>") insert(segments, "") elseif props.angle_brackets_omittable then segments[1] = "<" .. segments[1] .. ">" insert(segments, 1, "") insert(segments, "") end end end -- Loop over every other segment. The even-numbered segments are angle-bracket specs while -- the odd-numbered segments are the text between them. for i = 2, #segments - 1, 2 do local before_text, before_text_translit, lemma = parse_before_or_post_text { props = props, text = segments[i - 1], text_index = i - 1, segments = segments, lemma_is_last = true } local base = props.parse_indicator_spec(segments[i], lemma) base.before_text = before_text base.before_text_no_links = m_links.remove_links(base.before_text) base.before_text_translit = before_text_translit base.lemma = base.lemma or lemma insert(multiword_spec.word_specs, base) end multiword_spec.post_text, multiword_spec.post_text_translit = parse_before_or_post_text { props = props, text = segments[#segments], text_index = #segments, segments = segments, lemma_is_last = false } multiword_spec.post_text_no_links = m_links.remove_links(multiword_spec.post_text) return multiword_spec end --[=[ Parse an alternant, e.g. "((родо́вий,родови́й))" or "((ру́син<pr>,руси́н<b.pr>))" (both in Ukrainian). The return value is a table of the form { alternants = {``multiword_spec``, ``multiword_spec``, ...} } where ``multiword_spec`` describes a given alternant and is as returned by parse_multiword_spec(). ]=] local function parse_alternant(alternant, props) local alternant_text = alternant:match("^%(%((.*)%)%)$") local segments = put.parse_balanced_segment_run(alternant_text, "<", ">") local comma_separated_groups = put.split_alternating_runs(segments, "%s*,%s*") local alternant_spec = {alternants = {}} for _, comma_separated_group in ipairs(comma_separated_groups) do insert(alternant_spec.alternants, parse_multiword_spec(comma_separated_group, props)) end return alternant_spec end --[==[ Top-level parsing function. Parse text describing one or more inflected words. `text` is the inflected text to parse, which generally has `<...>` specs following words to be inflected, and may have alternants indicated using double parens. Examples: * {"[[медичний|меди́чна]]<+> [[сестра́]]<*,*#.pr>"} (Ukrainian, for {{m|uk|меди́чна сестра́||nurse|lit=medical sister}}); * {"((ру́син<pr>,руси́н<b.pr>))"} (Ukrainian, for {{m|uk|русин||Rusyn}}, with two possible stress patterns); * {"पंचायती//पंचाय*ती राज<M>"} (Hindi, for {{m|hi|पंचायती राज||village council}}, with phonetic respelling in the before-text component); * {"((<M>,<M.plstem:फ़तूह.dirpl:फ़तूह>))"} (Hindi, for {{m|hi|फ़तह||win, victory}} when used on that page, where the lemma is omitted and taken from the pagename); * {""} (for any number of Hindi adjectives, where the lemma is omitted and taken from the pagename, and the angle bracket spec <> is assumed); * {"काला<+>धन<M>"} (Hindi, for {{m|hi|कालाधन||black money}}, showing that closed compounds where each part is declined can be correctly handled). `props` is an object specifying properties used during parsing, as follows: ```{ parse_indicator_spec = __function__(``angle_bracket_spec``, ``lemma``) `''(required)''`, lang = __lang object__, transliterate_respelling = __function__(``respelling_or_translit``) `''(optional)''`, split_bracketed_runs_into_words = __function__(``bracket_split_runs``) `''(optional)''`, allow_default_indicator = __boolean__, angle_brackets_omittable = __boolean__, allow_blank_lemma = __boolean__, }``` `parse_indicator_spec` is a required function that takes two arguments, a string surrounded by angle brackets and the lemma, and should return an arbitrary object containing properties describing the indicators inside of the angle brackets). This object is often called a '''base''' and given the argument name `base` in inflection code. `lang` is the language object for the language in question; only needed if manual translit or respelling may be present using `//`. `transliterate_respelling` is a function that is only needed if respelling is allowed in place of manual translit after `//`. It takes one argument, the respelling or translit, and should return the transliteration of any respelling but return any translit unchanged. `split_bracketed_runs_into_words` is an optional function to split the passed-in text into words. It is used, for example, to determine what text constitutes a word when followed by an angle-bracket spec, i.e. what the lemma to be inflected is vs. surrounding fixed text. It takes one argument, the result of splitting the original text on brackets, and should return alternating runs of words and split characters, or nil to apply the default algorithm. Specifically, the value passed in is the result of calling `parse_balanced_segment_run(``text``, "[", "]")` from [[Module:parse utilities]] on the original text, and the default version of this function calls `split_alternating_runs(``bracketed_runs``, ``pattern``, "preserve splitchar")`, where ``bracketed_runs`` is the value passed in and ``pattern`` splits on either spaces or hyphens (unless the text begins with a hyphen, in which case splitting is only on spaces, so that suffixes can be inflected). `allow_default_indicator` should be {true} if an empty indicator in angle brackets `<>` can be omitted and should be automatically added at the end of the multiword text (if no alternants) or at the end of each alternant (if alternants present). `angle_brackets_omittable` should be {true} if angle brackets can be omitted around a non-empty indicator in the presence of a blank lemma. In this case, if the combined indicator spec has no angle brackets, they will be added around the indicator (or around all indicators, if alternants are present). This only makes sense when `allow_blank_lemma` is specified. `allow_blank_lemma` should be {true} of if a blank lemma is allowed; in such a case, the calling function should substitute a default lemma, typically taken from the pagename. The return value is a table referred to as an '''alternant multiword spec''', and is of the form ```{ alternant_or_word_specs = {``alternant_or_word_spec``, ``alternant_or_word_spec``, ...}, post_text = "``text_at_end``", post_text_no_links = "``text_at_end_no_links``", post_text_translit = "``translit_of_text_at_end``" `(or nil)`, }``` where `alternant_or_word_spec` is either an '''alternant spec''' as returned by `parse_alternant()` or a '''multiword spec''' as described in the comment above `parse_multiword_spec()`. An alternant spec looks as follows: ```{ alternants = {``multiword_spec``, ``multiword_spec``, ...}, before_text = "``text_before_alternant``", before_text_no_links = "``text_before_alternant``", before_text_translit = "``translit_of_text_before_alternant``" `(or nil)`, }``` i.e. it is like what is returned by `parse_alternant()` but has extra `before_text` and `before_text_no_links` fields. ]==] function export.parse_inflected_text(text, props) if props.angle_brackets_omittable and not props.allow_blank_lemma then error("If 'angle_brackets_omittable' is specified, so should 'allow_blank_lemma'") end local alternant_multiword_spec = {alternant_or_word_specs = {}} local alternant_segments = split(text, "(%(%(.-%)%))") local last_post_text, last_post_text_no_links, last_post_text_translit for i = 1, #alternant_segments do if i % 2 == 1 then local segments = put.parse_balanced_segment_run(alternant_segments[i], "<", ">") -- Disable allow_default_indicator if alternants are present and we're processing -- the non-alternant text. Otherwise we will try to treat the non-alternant text -- surrounding the alternants as an inflected word rather than as raw text. local multiword_spec = parse_multiword_spec(segments, props, #alternant_segments ~= 1) for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do insert(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs, word_spec) end last_post_text = multiword_spec.post_text last_post_text_no_links = multiword_spec.post_text_no_links last_post_text_translit = multiword_spec.post_text_translit else local alternant_spec = parse_alternant(alternant_segments[i], props) alternant_spec.before_text = last_post_text alternant_spec.before_text_no_links = last_post_text_no_links alternant_spec.before_text_translit = last_post_text_translit insert(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs, alternant_spec) end end alternant_multiword_spec.post_text = last_post_text alternant_multiword_spec.post_text_no_links = last_post_text_no_links alternant_multiword_spec.post_text_translit = last_post_text_translit -- Save boolean properties from `props`. We need at least `allow_default_indicator` when implementing -- `reconstruct_original_spec()`. alternant_multiword_spec.allow_default_indicator = props.allow_default_indicator alternant_multiword_spec.angle_brackets_omittable = props.angle_brackets_omittable alternant_multiword_spec.allow_blank_lemma = props.allow_blank_lemma return alternant_multiword_spec end -- Inflect alternants in ``alternant_spec`` (an object as returned by parse_alternant()). -- This sets the form values in ```alternant_spec``.forms` for all slots. -- (If a given slot has no values, it will not be present in ```alternant_spec``.forms`). local function inflect_alternants(alternant_spec, props) alternant_spec.forms = {} for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_spec.alternants) do export.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(multiword_spec, props) iterate_slot_list_or_table(props, function(slot) if not props.skip_slot or not props.skip_slot(slot) then export.insert_forms(alternant_spec.forms, slot, multiword_spec.forms[slot]) end end) end end --[=[ Subfunction of `inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec()`. This is used in building up the inflections of multiword expressions. The basic purpose of this function is to append a set of forms representing the inflections of a given inflected term in a given slot onto the existing forms for that slot. Given a multiword expression potentially consisting of several inflected terms along with fixed text in between, we work iteratively from left to right, adding the new forms onto the existing ones. Normally, all combinations of new and existing forms are created, meaning if there are M existing forms and N new ones, we will end up with M*N forms. However, some of these combinations can be rejected using the variant mechanism (see the description of get_variants below). Specifically, `formtable` is a table of per-slot forms, where the key is a slot and the value is a list of form objects (objects of the form {form=``form``, translit=``manual_translit``, footnotes=``footnotes``}). `slot` is the slot in question. `forms` specifies the forms to be appended onto the existing forms, and is likewise a list of form objects. `props` is the same as in `inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec()`. `before_text` is the fixed text that goes before the forms to be added. `before_text_no_links` is the same as `before_text` but with any links (i.e. hyperlinks of the form [[``term``]] or [[``term``|``display``]]) converted into raw terms using remove_links() in [[Module:links]], and `before_text_translit` is optional manual translit of `before_text_no_links`. Note that the value "?" in a form is "infectious" in that if either the existing or new form has the value "?", the resulting combination will also be "?". This allows "?" to be used to mean "unknown". ]=] local function append_forms(props, formtable, slot, forms, before_text, before_text_no_links, before_text_translit) if not forms then return end local old_forms = formtable[slot] or {{form = ""}} local ret_forms = {} for _, old_form in ipairs(old_forms) do for _, form in ipairs(forms) do local old_form_vars = props.get_variants and props.get_variants(old_form.form) or "" local form_vars = props.get_variants and props.get_variants(form.form) or "" if old_form_vars ~= "" and form_vars ~= "" and old_form_vars ~= form_vars then -- Reject combination due to non-matching variant codes. else local new_formval local new_translit if old_form.form == "?" or form.from == "?" then new_formval = "?" else new_formval = old_form.form .. before_text .. form.form if old_form.translit or before_text_translit or form.translit then if not props.lang then error("Internal error: If manual translit is given, 'props.lang' must be set") end if not before_text_translit then before_text_translit = props_transliterate(props, before_text_no_links) or "" end local old_translit = old_form.translit or props_transliterate(props, m_links.remove_links(old_form.form)) or "" local translit = form.translit or props_transliterate(props, m_links.remove_links(form.form)) or "" new_translit = old_translit .. before_text_translit .. translit end end local new_formobj local new_footnotes = export.combine_footnotes(old_form.footnotes, form.footnotes) if new_formval == form.form and new_translit == form.translit then -- Automatically preserve metadata when possible. new_formobj = shallow_copy(form) new_formobj.footnotes = new_footnotes else new_formobj = {form=new_formval, translit=new_translit, footnotes=new_footnotes} if props.combine_metadata then props.combine_metadata { slot = slot, dest_form = new_formobj, form1 = old_form, form2 = form, between_text = before_text, between_text_no_links = before_text_no_links, between_text_translit = before_text_translit, } end end insert(ret_forms, new_formobj) end end end formtable[slot] = ret_forms end --[==[ Top-level inflection function. Create the inflections of a noun, verb, adjective or similar. `alternant_multiword_spec` is as returned by `parse_inflected_text` and describes the properties of the term to be inflected, including all the user-provided inflection specifications (e.g. the number, gender, conjugation/declension/etc. of each word) and the surrounding text. `props` indicates how to do the actual inflection (see below). The resulting inflected forms are stored into the `.forms` property of `multiword_spec`. This property holds a table whose keys are slots (i.e. ID's of individual inflected forms, such as "pres_1sg" for the first-person singular present indicative tense of a verb) and whose values are lists of the form `{ form = ``form``, translit = ``manual_translit_or_nil``, footnotes = ``footnote_list_or_nil``}`, where ``form`` is a string specifying the value of the form (e.g. "ouço" for the first-person singular present indicative of the Portuguese verb [[ouvir]]); ``manual_translit_or_nil`` is the corresponding manual transliteration if needed (i.e. if the form is in a non-Latin script and the automatic transliteration is incorrect or unavailable), otherwise nil; and ``footnote_list_or_nil`` is a list of footnotes to be attached to the form, or nil for no footnotes. Note that currently footnotes must be surrounded by brackets, e.g "[archaic]", and should not begin with a capital letter or end with a period. (Conversion from "[archaic]" to "Archaic." happens automatically.) This function has no return value, but modifies `multiword_spec` in-place, adding the `forms` table as described above. After calling this function, call show_forms() on the `forms` table to convert the forms and footnotes given in this table to strings suitable for display. `props` is an object specifying properties used during inflection, as follows: ```{ slot_list = {{"``slot``", "``accel``"}, {"``slot``", "``accel``"}, ...}, slot_table = {``slot`` = "``accel``", ``slot`` = "``accel``", ...}, skip_slot = nil `or` __function__(slot), lang = nil `or` __lang_object__, inflect_word_spec = __function__(base), get_variants = nil 'or` __function__(formval), combine_metadata = nil `or` __function__(data), include_user_specified_links = __boolean__, }``` `slot_list` is a list of two-element lists of slots and associated accelerator tags. ``slot`` is arbitrary but should correspond with slot names as generated by `inflect_word_spec`. ``accel`` is the corresponding accelerator tags; e.g. if ``slot`` is "pres_1sg", ``accel`` might be "1|s|pres|ind". ``accel`` is actually unused during inflection, but is used during `show_forms()`, which takes the same `slot_list` as a property upon input. `slot_table` is a table mapping slots to associated accelerator tags and serves the same function as `slot_list`. Only one of `slot_list` or `slot_table` must be given. For new code it is preferable to use `slot_list` because this allows you to control the order of processing slots, which may occasionally be important. `skip_slot` is a function of one argument, a slot name, and should return a boolean indicating whether to skip the given slot during inflection. It can be used, for example, to skip singular slots if the overall term being inflected is plural-only, and vice-versa. `lang` is a language object. This is only used to generate manual transliteration. If the language is written in the Latin script or manual transliteration cannot be specified in the input to parse_inflected_text(), this can be omitted. (Manual transliteration is allowed if the `lang` object is set in the `props` passed to parse_inflected_text().) `inflect_word_spec` is the function to do the actual inflection. It is passed a single argument, which is a ``word_spec`` object describing the word to be inflected and the user-provided inflection specifications. It is exactly the same as was returned by the `parse_indicator_spec` function provided in the `props` sent on input to `parse_inflected_text`, but has additional fields describing the word to be inflected and the surrounding text, as follows: ```{ lemma = "``lemma``", before_text = "``text-before-word``", before_text_no_links = "``text-before-word-no-links``", before_text_translit = "``manual-translit-of-text-before-word``" or nil (if no manual translit or respelling was specified in the before-text) -- Fields as described in parse_indicator_spec() ... }``` Here ``lemma`` is the word to be inflected as specified by the user (including any links if so given), and the `before_text*` fields describe the raw text preceding the word to be inflected. Any other fields in this object are as set by `parse_inflected_text`, and describe things like the gender, number, conjugation/declension, etc. as specified by the user in the <...> spec following the word to be inflected. `inflect_word_spec` should initialize the `.forms` property of the passed-in ``word_spec`` object to the inflected forms of the word in question. The value of this property is a table of the same format as the `.forms` property that is ultimately generated by inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec() and described above near the top of this documentation: i.e. a table whose keys are slots and whose values are lists of the form `{ form = ``form``, translit = ``manual_translit_or_nil``, footnotes = ``footnote_list_or_nil``}`. `get_variants` is either {nil} or a function of one argument (a string, a form value). The purpose of this function is to ensure that in a multiword term where a given slot has more than one possible variant, the final output has only parallel variants in it. For example, feminine nouns and adjectives in Russian have two possible endings, one typically in -ой (-oj) and the other in -ою (-oju). If we have a feminine adjective-noun combination (or a hyphenated feminine noun-noun combination, or similar), and we don't specify `get_variants`, we'll end up with four values for the instrumental singular: one where both adjective and noun end in -ой, one where both end in -ою, and two where one of the words ends in -ой and the other in -ою. In general if we have N words each with K variants, we'll end up with an explosion of N^K possibilities. `get_variants` avoids this by returning a variant code (an arbitary string) for each variant. If two words each have a non-empty variant code, and the variant codes disagree, the combination will be rejected. If `get_variants` is not provided, or either variant code is an empty string, or the variant codes agree, the combination is allowed. The recommended way to use `get_variants` is as follows: 1. During inflection in `inflect_word_spec`, add a special character or string to each of the variants generated for a given slot when there is more than one. (As an optimization, do this only when there is more than one word being inflected.) Special Unicode characters can be used for this purpose, e.g. U+FFF0, U+FFF1, ..., U+FFFD, which have no meaning in Unicode. 2. Specify `get_variants` as a function that pulls out and returns the special character(s) or string included in the variant forms. 3. When calling show_forms(), specify a `canonicalize` function that removes the variant code character(s) or string from each form before converting to the display form. See [[Module:hi-verb]] and [[Module:hi-common]] for an example of doing this in a generalized fashion. (Look for add_variant_codes(), get_variants() and remove_variant_codes().) `combine_metadata` is a function that is invoked when combining two form objects along along with in-between text and storing into a destination form object. When this happens, if the the form value and translit in the first form object is empty and the in-between text is likewise empty (which regularly happens when appending the form object describing the first word in a multiword expression to empty base text), the second form object is simply shallow-copied along with all of its metadata, and any footnotes are combined appropriately (normally the first form object is such a case won't have footnotes). Otherwise, a new form object is constructed by combining the form values, translit and footnotes from the two objects and in-between text, and calling `combine_metadata` to combine any other metadata. Leave this unspecified if there is no additional metadata or if you don't want any metadata carried over. (Examples of metadata that should generally not be carried over are glosses of individual words, sense ID's and similar word-level properties that can't easily be combined to generate a multiword equivalent. Examples of metadata that should be carried over and combined are qualifiers, labels and certain boolean properties such as an uncertainty flag indicating that a given form is uncertain. For some metadata, it is more complex; for example, if both source words have the same gender or part of speech, the destination should keep that value, but if they differ, it may be safest to leave the field blank.) This function, if specified, is called with a single argument as follows: ```{ slot = "__string__", dest_form = __formobj__, form1 = __formobj__, form2 = __formobj__, between_text = "__string__", between_text_no_links = "__string__", between_text_translit = "__string__" `or` nil }``` Here, `slot` is the slot whose forms are being constructed. `dest_form` is the destination form object into which the combined metadata should be written, and is pre-populated with appropriate `form`, `translit` and `footnotes` fields. `form1` and `form2` are the two source forms being combined, and `between_text` is the text to be inserted between the two source forms. `between_text_no_links` is the same as `between_text` but with double-bracket links removed, and `between_text_translit` is the manual transliteration of `between_text_no_links`, if specified. The function should return nothing, but should side-effect `dest_form` as appropriate. `include_user_specified_links`, if given, ensures that user-specified links in the raw text surrounding a given word are preserved in the output. If omitted or set to false, such links will be removed and the whole multiword expression will be linked. ]==] function export.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(multiword_spec, props) multiword_spec.forms = {} local is_alternant_multiword = not not multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs for _, word_spec in ipairs(is_alternant_multiword and multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs or multiword_spec.word_specs) do if word_spec.alternants then inflect_alternants(word_spec, props) else props.inflect_word_spec(word_spec) end iterate_slot_list_or_table(props, function(slot) if not props.skip_slot or not props.skip_slot(slot) then append_forms(props, multiword_spec.forms, slot, word_spec.forms[slot], (slot:find("linked") or props.include_user_specified_links) and word_spec.before_text or word_spec.before_text_no_links, word_spec.before_text_no_links, word_spec.before_text_translit ) end end) end if multiword_spec.post_text ~= "" then local pseudoform = {{form=""}} iterate_slot_list_or_table(props, function(slot) -- If slot is empty or should be skipped, don't try to append post-text. if (not props.skip_slot or not props.skip_slot(slot)) and multiword_spec.forms[slot] then append_forms(props, multiword_spec.forms, slot, pseudoform, (slot:find("linked") or props.include_user_specified_links) and multiword_spec.post_text or multiword_spec.post_text_no_links, multiword_spec.post_text_no_links, multiword_spec.post_text_translit ) end end) end end function export.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, fun) for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do fun(word_spec) end end else fun(alternant_or_word_spec) end end end function export.create_footnote_obj() return { notes = {}, seen_notes = {}, noteindex = 1, seen_refs = {}, } end function export.get_footnote_text(footnotes, footnote_obj) if not footnotes then return "" end local link_indices = {} local all_refs = {} for _, footnote in ipairs(footnotes) do local refs footnote, refs = export.expand_footnote_or_references(footnote) if footnote then local this_noteindex = footnote_obj.seen_notes[footnote] if not this_noteindex then -- Generate a footnote index. this_noteindex = footnote_obj.noteindex footnote_obj.noteindex = footnote_obj.noteindex + 1 insert(footnote_obj.notes, '<sup style="color: var(--wikt-palette-red, red)">' .. this_noteindex .. '</sup>' .. footnote) footnote_obj.seen_notes[footnote] = this_noteindex end insert_if_not(link_indices, this_noteindex) end if refs then for _, ref in ipairs(refs) do if not ref.name then local this_refhash = footnote_obj.seen_refs[ref.text] if not this_refhash then -- Different text needs to have different auto-generated names, globally across the entire page, -- including across different invocations of {{it-verb}} or {{it-conj}}. The easiest way to accomplish -- this is to use a message-digest hashing function. It does not have to be cryptographically secure -- (MD5 is insecure); it just needs to have low probability of collisions. this_refhash = mw.hash.hashValue("md5", ref.text) footnote_obj.seen_refs[ref.text] = this_refhash end ref.autoname = this_refhash end -- I considered using "n" as the default group rather than nothing, to more clearly distinguish regular -- footnotes from references, but this requires referencing group "n" as <references group="n"> below, -- which is non-obvious. insert_if_not(all_refs, ref) end end end table.sort(link_indices) local function sort_refs(r1, r2) -- FIXME, we are now sorting on an arbitrary hash. Should we keep track of the order we -- saw the autonamed references and sort on that? if r1.autoname and r2.name then return true elseif r1.name and r2.autoname then return false elseif r1.name and r2.name then return r1.name < r2.name else return r1.autoname < r2.autoname end end table.sort(all_refs, sort_refs) for i, ref in ipairs(all_refs) do local refargs = {name = ref.name or ref.autoname, group = ref.group} all_refs[i] = mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag("ref", ref.text, refargs) end local link_text if #link_indices > 0 then link_text = '<sup style="color: var(--wikt-palette-red, red)">' .. concat(link_indices, ",") .. '</sup>' else link_text = "" end local ref_text = concat(all_refs) if link_text ~= "" and ref_text ~= "" then return link_text .. "<sup>,</sup>" .. ref_text else return link_text .. ref_text end end --[==[ Add links around words in a term. If multiword_only, do it only in multiword terms. ]==] function export.add_links(form, multiword_only) if form == "" or form == " " then return form end if not form:find("%[%[") then if ufind(form, "[%s%p]") then --optimization to avoid loading [[Module:headword]] on single-word forms local m_headword = require("Module:headword") if m_headword.head_is_multiword(form) then form = m_headword.add_multiword_links(form) end end if not multiword_only and not form:find("%[%[") then form = "[[" .. form .. "]]" end end return form end --[==[ Remove redundant link surrounding entire term. ]==] function export.remove_redundant_links(term) return (term:gsub("^%[%[([^%[%]|]*)%]%]$", "%1")) end --[==[ Add links to all before and after text; for use in inflection modules that preserve links in multiword lemmas and include links in non-lemma forms rather than allowing the entire form to be a link. If `remember_original`, remember the original user-specified before/after text so we can reconstruct the original spec later. `add_links` is a function of one argument to add links to a given piece of text; if unspecified, it defaults to `export.add_links`. ]==] function export.add_links_to_before_and_after_text(alternant_multiword_spec, remember_original, add_links) add_links = add_links or export.add_links local function add_links_remember_original(object, field) if remember_original then object["user_specified_" .. field] = object[field] end object[field] = add_links(object[field]) end for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do add_links_remember_original(alternant_or_word_spec, "before_text") if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do add_links_remember_original(word_spec, "before_text") end add_links_remember_original(multiword_spec, "post_text") end end end add_links_remember_original(alternant_multiword_spec, "post_text") end --[==[ Reconstruct the original overall spec from the output of parse_inflected_text(), so we can use it in the language-specific acceleration module in the implementation of {{tl|pt-verb form of}} and the like. `props` is an optional table of properties. Currently only `preprocess_angle_bracket_spec` is recognized, and is an optional function of one argument that is called to process an angle-bracket spec before inserting into the reconstructed spec. ]==] function export.reconstruct_original_spec(alternant_multiword_spec, props) local parts = {} props = props or {} local function ins(txt) insert(parts, txt) end local function insert_angle_bracket_spec(spec) if props.preprocess_angle_bracket_spec then spec = props.preprocess_angle_bracket_spec(spec) end ins(spec) end for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do ins(alternant_or_word_spec.user_specified_before_text) if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then ins("((") for i, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do if i > 1 then ins(",") end for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do ins(word_spec.user_specified_before_text) ins(word_spec.user_specified_lemma) insert_angle_bracket_spec(word_spec.angle_bracket_spec) end ins(multiword_spec.user_specified_post_text) end ins("))") else ins(alternant_or_word_spec.user_specified_lemma) insert_angle_bracket_spec(alternant_or_word_spec.angle_bracket_spec) end end ins(alternant_multiword_spec.user_specified_post_text) local retval = concat(parts) if alternant_multiword_spec.allow_default_indicator then -- As a special case, if we see e.g. "amar<>", remove the <>. Don't do this if there are spaces or alternants. if not retval:find(" ") and not retval:find("%(%(") then local retval_no_angle_brackets = retval:match("^(.*)<>$") if retval_no_angle_brackets then return retval_no_angle_brackets end end end return retval end --[==[ Convert the forms in ``formtable`` (a form table, whose keys are slots and whose values are lists of form objects, each of which is a table of the form `form = ``form``, translit = ``manual_translit_or_nil``, footnotes = ``footnote_list_or_nil``, no_accel = ``true_to_suppress_accelerators``, ... `) into strings. The form table is side-effected. Each form list turns into a string consisting of a comma-separated list of linked forms, with accelerators (unless `no_accel` is set in a given form object). If `include_translit` is specified, each string consists of a comma-separated list of form values (each formatted as a link), an HTML `&lt;br/>`, and a comma-separated list of transliterations. `props` is a table used in generating the strings, as follows: ```{ lang = __lang_object__, lemmas = {"``lemma``", "``lemma``", ...}, slot_list = {{"``slot``", "``accel``"}, {"``slot``", "``accel``"}, ...}, slot_table = {``slot`` = "``accel``", ``slot`` = "``accel``", ...}, include_translit = __boolean__, create_footnote_obj = nil `or` __function__(), canonicalize = nil or __function__(formval), preprocess_forms = nil `or` __function__(data), no_deduplicate_forms = __boolean__, combine_metadata_during_dedup = nil `or` __function__(data), transform_accel_obj = nil `or` __function__(slot, form, accel_obj), format_forms = nil `or` __function__(data), generate_link = nil `or` __function__(data), format_tr = nil `or` __function__(data), join_spans = nil `or` __function__(data), footnotes = nil or {"``extra_footnote``", "``extra_footnote``", ...}, }``` `lemmas` is the list of lemmas, used in the accelerators. `slot_list` is a list of two-element lists of slots and associated accelerator tag sets. ``slot`` should correspond to slots generated during `inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec()`. ``accel`` is the corresponding accelerator tag set; e.g. if ``slot`` is "pres_1sg", ``accel`` might be "1|s|pres|ind". ``accel`` is used in generating entries for accelerator support (see [[WT:ACCEL]]). `slot_table` is a table mapping slots to associated accelerator tag sets and serves the same function as `slot_list`. Only one of `slot_list` or `slot_table` must be given. For new code it is preferable to use `slot_list` because this allows you to control the order of processing slots, which may occasionally be important. `include_translit`, if given, causes transliteration to be included in the generated strings. The function works as follows: # Create an object to hold footnotes (customizable using `create_footnote_obj`). # Generate the comma-separated lemma form values and store in `.lemma` in the form table. # Loop over the slots specified using `slot_list` or `slot_table`. For each slot: ## Canonicalize the form values (customizable using `canonicalize`; by default does nothing). ## Preprocess the forms (customizable using `preprocess_forms`; by default does nothing). ## Unless `no_deduplicate_forms` is set, deduplicate forms in a slot sharing the same form value but possibly different transliteration. (This happens e.g. in Russian, where it is relatively common for a given form to have two possible transliterations, one reflecting a more nativized pronunciation where Cyrillic е triggers palatalization of the preceding consonant, and one reflecting a more "foreign" pronunciation where this palatalization does not happen. In such a case, the automatic transliteration would normally suffice for the more nativized pronunciation but the more "foreign" pronunciation will need manual transliteration.) As part of deduplication, footnotes will be combined using `combine_footnotes`; distinct manual transliterations will be combined into a list (meaning the `translit` field of form objects in some subsequent `props` functions may hold a list; this will be noted when possible); and any remaining metadata will be combined using the `combine_metadata_during_dedup` method, if provided. ## Add acceleration to all forms. The acceleration tag set associated with a given form comes from `slot_list` or `slot_table`, i.e. all forms in a given slot have the same tag set. However, different forms will have different associated transliterations stored into the accelerator object associated with the form, as well as possibly different lemmas. In particular, when there are multiple lemma forms, this is often due to alternative ways to pronounce the lemma (e.g. alternative stress positions or vowel lengths), and there are often associated non-lemma forms that match each lemma. An example given in the introduction is {{m+|uk|русин||Rusyn}}, stressed in the lemma as ''ру́син'' or ''руси́н'' with associated genitive singulars ''ру́сина'' and ''русина́''. We would like the auto-generated accelerator entry for {{m|uk|русина}} to show the variant ''ру́сина'' as having lemma ''ру́син'' and the variant ''русина́'' as having the lemma ''руси́н'', rather than showing both variants as having both lemmas, which is less accurate. As a result, the code that generates acceleration objects for forms matches up forms and lemmas one-to-one if possible. If this is not possible, the matching is usually one lemma to many forms, as in {{m+|uk|міст||bridge}} with genitive singular ''мо́сту'' or ''моста́'' (in which case all forms get the same lemma), or many lemmas to one form, as in {{m+|uk|черга||turn, queue}} stressed either ''че́рга'' or ''черга́'' with nominative singular only ''че́рги'' (in which case the single form gets assicated all lemmas). If there are multiple lemmas and multiple forms, the algorithm attempts to align them as evenly as possible (e.g. two lemma variants to four forms means the first two forms get assigned the first lemma variant and the last two forms get assigned the second lemma variant); this is often going to be incorrect, but (a) there's unlikely to be a single algorithm that works in all such circumstances, and (b) these cases are very rare. Finally, note the following: ##* No acceleration is assigned to a form if any of the following apply: (a) there are no lemmas given in `props.lemmas`; (b) the `no_accel` key in the form object has a non-falsy value; (c) the form value of the form is {"?"} or an em-dash ({"—"}); (d) the accelerator tag set is given as a hyphen {"-"}); or (e) the form value contains an internal link. ##* The accelerator code sets the `formval_for_link` key in each form object to the version of the form value that should be passed to `full_link()` in [[Module:links]]. This is usually the same as the passed-in form value, but differs when the entire form value is surrounded with a redundant internal link (which is removed). ##* The resulting accelerator object can be modified (or replaced entirely) by the `transform_accel_obj` function. This is used, for example, in [[Module:es-verb]], [[Module:pt-verb]] and other Romance-language verb conjugation modules (likewise [[Module:ar-verb]]) to replace the tag set with the original verb spec used to generate the verb, so that the accelerator code can generate the appropriate call to {{tl|es-verb form of}}, {{tl|pt-verb form of}} or the like, which computes the inflections, instead of directly listing the inflections. ## Format the forms into strings. The entire default process can be replaced using `format_forms`; otherwise the default algorithm works as follows: ### Generate the '''form value spans''', with one entry (a linked HTML-ized version of the form value) per form. This can be customized using `generate_link`. (Various modules do this. For example, the Arabic verb module includes qualifiers, labels, ID's and the like that can be specified by the user; the Portuguese and reintegrated Galician verb modules italicize certain superseded or otherwise less-desirable forms instead of linking them normally; the German verb module adds {{m|de|dass}} to subjunctive forms and optional pronouns to imperative forms; and the German adjective module adds articles to adjective forms normally accompanied by articles and the equivalent of "he/she is" etc. to predicate forms.) The default uses `full_link()` in [[Module:links]] (with transliteration generation disabled) concatenated with the appropriate footnote symbol(s) (if any). ### Generate the '''transliteration spans''', with one entry per distinct translit, auto-generated if manual translit isn't available. Note that, due to the earlier form value deduplication step, there may be multiple translits per form object. These translits are themselves deduplicated to get the list of spans. (Such duplication can happen, for example, in Arabic with terms containing a glottal stop in them; there may be multiple ways of spelling the glottal stop or ''hamza'' in Arabic, but only one way of transliterating it.) Each span consists of an object specifying the translit and the list of footnotes. These objects are then converted to formatted strings, either using `format_tr` if supplied or else calling `tag_translit()` in [[Module:script utilities]] and concatenating the appropriate footnote symbol(s) (if any). ### Combine the form value and transliteration spans. If `join_spans` is supplied, use it; otherwise, concatenate the form value spans (comma-separated) and (if available) transliteration spans (comma-separated), and (if appropriate) combine them using {<br />}. `create_footnote_obj` is an optional function of no arguments to create the footnote object used to track footnotes; see `create_footnote_obj()`. Customizing it is useful to prepopulate the footnote table using `get_footnote_text()`. `canonicalize` is an optional function of one argument (a form value) to canonicalize each form before processing; it can return nil for no change. The most common purpose of this function is to remove variant codes from the form value. See the documentation for `inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec()` for a description of variant codes and their purpose. `preprocess_forms` is an optional function of one argument (a table of properties) to preprocess the form objects as a whole. It runs after `canonicalize` (meaning that the form values passed in are canonicalized) and before deduplication and the addition of acceleration info. The property table passed in has the following properties: * `slot`: The slot being processed. * `forms`: The list of form objects for this slot. * `accel_tag_set`: The accelerator tag set for this slot, taken from `slot_list` or `slot_table`. * `footnote_obj`: The footnote object returned by the `create_footnote_obj` property or the default `create_footnote_obj()` function. `preprocess_forms` should return a list of preprocessed form objects, or {nil} to use the passed-in `forms`. If this function does deduplication, you should set `no_deduplicate_forms` to disable the default deduplication process. `no_deduplicate_forms`, if set, disables the deduplication step (see above). `combine_metadata_during_dedup` is an optional function of one argument (a table of properties) to combine the metadata of deduplicated form objects. The property table passed in has the following properties: * `slot`: The slot being processed. * `existing_form`: The existing form object into which a duplicated form is being combined. * `dup_form`: The duplicated form being combined into `existing_form`. * `existing_form_pos`: The one-based position of the existing form in the deduplicated form list (not necessarily its original position). * `dup_form_pos`: The one-based position of the duplicated form in its original list. The following should be noted about the form objects passed in: # The form values in `.form` have been canonicalized using `.canonicalize`, if provided. # The form values in `existing_form` and `dup_form` are always the same. # The footnotes in `existing_form` have already been combined with those in `dup_form`. # If there was manual translit either in `existing_form` (prior to deduplication) or in `dup_form`, there will be manual translit in `existing_form.translit` that is a list and combines any previous accumulated translits in `existing_form` as well as the translit in `dup_form` (even if one of them was specified as {nil} indicating an automatic translit). This means that the translit in `existing_form.translit` is always either {nil} or a list of strings (and the same applies to `dup_form.translit`). `transform_accel_obj` is an optional function of three arguments (``slot``, ``formobj``, ``accel_obj``) to transform the default constructed accelerator object in ``accel_obj`` into an object that should be passed to `full_link()` in [[Module:links]]. It should return the new accelerator object, or {nil} for no acceleration. (If {nil} is returned, the corresponding form has no acceleration; this is unlike most customization functions, where returning {nil} causes the default algorithm to be invoked.) The function can destructively modify the accelerator object passed in. '''NOTE''': This is called even when the passed-in ``accel_obj`` is {nil} (see the (a) through (e) reasons above why no acceleration may be assigned to a form). Thus, your code needs to do something sensible in this case. The description above of how `show_forms()` works inclues various examples of modules that supply a `transform_accel_obj` function and the reasons for doing so. `format_forms`, if supplied, is a function that entirely replaces the formatting portion of `show_forms()`. An example of why you might want to do this is to get a different layout than the default, e.g. one where translit is displayed next to each form value instead of the form values and translits grouped and displayed on separate lines. Under normal circumstances, you should not do this, but instead customize the functions that replace specific parts of the default formatting algorithm (see below). This function is passed one argument (a table of properties) and should return a string (the formatted forms, ready to store into the slot in the form table) or {nil} to proceed with the default algorithm (see above). The property table passed in has the following properties: * `slot`: The slot being processed. * `forms`: The list of form objects, deduplicated and with accelerator info added. * `footnote_obj`: The footnote object returned by the `create_footnote_obj` property or the default `create_footnote_obj()` function. The following should be noted about the form objects in `forms`: # There are extra fields `formval_for_link` and `accel_obj`. The first one is as described above under the paragraph beginning "Add acceleration to all forms" under "The function works as follows". The second one is the accelerator object in the format expected by [[Module:links]]. # The `translit` field, if non-{nil}, is a list of transliterations rather than a single transliteration; this is due to the form value deduplication step. `generate_link` is an optional function to generate the link text for a given form value. It is passed a single argument (a table of properties) and should return a string, the formatted link. If it returns {nil}, the default algorithm (see above) is invoked. The property table passed in has the following properties: * `slot`: The slot being processed. * `form`: The form to be converted to a formatted link. As with the `format_forms` function described above, the form objects passed in contain extra fields `formval_for_link` and `accel_obj` (both of which will normally be used), and the `translit` field, if non-{nil}, is a list. * `pos`: The one-based position of the form being processed, in the list of form value spans. Rarely used. * `footnote_obj`: The footnote object returned by the `create_footnote_obj` property or the default `create_footnote_obj()` function. Normally used in order to get the footnote symbol associated with any footnotes in `footnotes`. The description above of how `show_forms()` works inclues various examples of modules that supply a `generate_link` function and the reasons for doing so. `format_tr` is an optional function to generate the formatted text for a given transliteration. It is passed a single argument (a table of properties) and should return a string, the formatted transliteration text. If it returns {nil}, the default algorithm (see above) is invoked. The property table passed in has the following properties: * `slot`: The slot being processed. * `tr_for_tag`: The transliteration to process. * `pos`: The one-based position of the transliteration being processed, in the list of transliteration spans. Rarely used. * `footnotes`: The list of footnotes associated with all form objects with this transliteration. (If there were multiple form objects with the same transliteration, the list of footnotes will have been generated using `combine_footnotes()`.) * `footnote_obj`: The footnote object returned by the `create_footnote_obj` property or the default `create_footnote_obj()` function. Normally used in order to get the footnote symbol associated with any footnotes in `footnotes`. `join_spans` is an optional function to join the processed form value and transliteration spans into a formatted string. It is passed a single argument (a table of properties) and should return the final string to store into the form table slot. If it returns {nil}, the default algorithm (see above) is invoked. The property table passed in has the following properties: * `slot`: The slot being processed. * `formval_spans`: A list of strings, the formatted form value spans. * `tr_spans`: A list of strings, the formatted transliteration spans. If there is no transliteration, this will be an empty list. A custom `join_spans` is provided by [[Module:de-verb]], which concatenates the form value spans vertically (using {"<br />"}) instead of horizontally using a comma, as is normal; this is because there is no translit and the form values are often long, containing extra words attached during `generate_link()`. The only exception is the `aux` slot holding the auxiliaries, which is concatenated horizontally using {" or "}. [[Module:de-adjective]] similarly provides a custom `join_spans` function that concatenates the form value spans vertically. ]==] function export.show_forms(formtable, props) local footnote_obj = props.create_footnote_obj and props.create_footnote_obj() or export.create_footnote_obj() local function fetch_formval_and_translit(entry, remove_links) local formval, translit if type(entry) == "table" then formval, translit = entry.form, entry.translit else formval = entry end if remove_links then formval = m_links.remove_links(formval) end return formval, translit end local lemma_formvals = {} for _, lemma in ipairs(props.lemmas) do local lemma_formval, _ = fetch_formval_and_translit(lemma) insert_if_not(lemma_formvals, lemma_formval) end formtable.lemma = #lemma_formvals > 0 and concat(lemma_formvals, ", ") or mw.loadData(headword_data_module).pagename -- For safety, since we in-place modify `lemmas` usually before processing a given slot, make a copy. local props_lemmas = shallow_copy(props.lemmas) for i, lemma in ipairs(props_lemmas) do props_lemmas[i] = shallow_copy(lemma) end local function do_slot(slot, accel_tag_set) local formobjs = formtable[slot] if formobjs then if type(formobjs) ~= "table" then error("Internal error: For slot '" .. slot .. "', expected table but saw " .. dump(formobjs)) end -- Maybe canonicalize the form values (e.g. remove variant codes and monosyllabic accents). if props.canonicalize then for _, form in ipairs(formobjs) do form.form = props.canonicalize(form.form) or form.form end end -- Preprocess the forms as a whole if called for. if props.preprocess_forms then formobjs = props.preprocess_forms { slot = slot, forms = formobjs, accel_tag_set = accel_tag_set, footnote_obj = footnote_obj, } or formobjs end -- Maybe deduplicate form values (happens e.g. in Russian with two terms with the same Russian form but -- different translits). if not props.no_deduplicate_forms then local deduped_formobjs = {} for i, form in ipairs(formobjs) do local function combine_forms(existing_form, dup_form, pos) assert(existing_form.form == dup_form.form) -- Combine footnotes. existing_form.footnotes = export.combine_footnotes(existing_form.footnotes, dup_form.footnotes) -- If translit is being generated, and there's manual translit associated with either form, we -- need to generate any missing translits and combine them, taking into account the fact that a -- translit value may actually be a list of translits (particularly with the existing form if we -- already combined an item with manual translit into it). if props.include_translit and form_value_transliterable(existing_form.form) and ( existing_form.translit or dup_form.translit) then local combined_translit if not existing_form.translit then combined_translit = { props_transliterate(props, m_links.remove_links(existing_form.form)) } elseif type(existing_form.translit) == "string" then combined_translit = {existing_form.translit} else combined_translit = existing_form.translit end local dup_form_translit = dup_form.translit if not dup_form_translit then -- dup_form.form is the same as existing_form.form (see assert above), but this is -- defensive programming in case that changes dup_form_translit = {props_transliterate(props, m_links.remove_links(dup_form.form))} elseif type(dup_form_translit) == "string" then dup_form_translit = {dup_form_translit} end for _, translit in ipairs(dup_form_translit) do insert_if_not(combined_translit, translit) end existing_form.translit = combined_translit end if props.combine_metadata_during_dedup then props.combine_metadata_during_dedup { slot = slot, existing_form = existing_form, existing_form_pos = pos, dup_form = dup_form, dup_form_pos = i, } end end insert_if_not(deduped_formobjs, form, { key = function(formobj) return formobj.form end, combine = combine_forms, }) end formobjs = deduped_formobjs end -- Add acceleration info to form objects. for i, form in ipairs(formobjs) do local formval = form.form if not form_value_transliterable(formval) then form.formval_for_link = formval else local formval_for_link formval_for_link = formval -- remove redundant link surrounding entire form formval_for_link = export.remove_redundant_links(formval_for_link) form.formval_for_link = formval_for_link -------------------- Compute the accelerator object. ----------------- local accel_obj if props_lemmas[1] and not form.no_accel and accel_tag_set ~= "-" then -- If there is more than one form or more than one lemma, things get tricky. Often, there are -- the same number of forms as lemmas, e.g. for Ukrainian [[зимовий]] "wintry; winter (rel.)", -- which can be stressed зимо́вий or зимови́й with corresponding masculine/neuter genitive -- singulars зимо́вого or зимово́го etc. In this case, usually the forms and lemmas match up so -- we do this. If there are different numbers of forms than lemmas, it's usually one lemma -- against several forms e.g. Ukrainian [[міст]] "bridge" with genitive singular мо́сту or моста́ -- (accent patterns b or c) or [[ложка|ло́жка]] "spoon" with nominative plural ло́жки or ложки́ -- (accent patterns a or c). Here, we should assign the same lemma to both forms. The opposite -- can happen, e.g. [[черга]] "turn, queue" stressed че́рга or черга́ with nominative plural only -- че́рги (accent patterns a or d). Here we should assign both lemmas to the same form. In more -- complicated cases, with more than one lemma and form and different numbers of each, we try -- to align them as much as possible, e.g. if there are somehow eight forms and three lemmas, -- we assign lemma 1 to forms 1-3, lemma 2 to forms 4-6 and lemma 3 to forms 7 and 8, and -- conversely if there are somehow three forms and eight lemmas. This is likely to be wrong, but -- (a) there's unlikely to be a single algorithm that works in all such circumstances, and (b) -- these cases are vanishingly rare or nonexistent. Properly we should try to remember which -- form was generated by which lemma, but that is significant extra work for little gain. local first_lemma, last_lemma if #formobjs >= #props_lemmas then -- More forms than lemmas. Try to even out the forms assigned per lemma. local forms_per_lemma = math.ceil(#formobjs / #props_lemmas) first_lemma = math.floor((i - 1) / forms_per_lemma) + 1 last_lemma = first_lemma else -- More lemmas than forms. Try to even out the lemmas assigned per form. local lemmas_per_form = math.ceil(#props_lemmas / #formobjs) first_lemma = (i - 1) * lemmas_per_form + 1 last_lemma = math.min(first_lemma + lemmas_per_form - 1, #props_lemmas) end local accel_lemma, accel_lemma_translit if first_lemma == last_lemma then accel_lemma, accel_lemma_translit = fetch_formval_and_translit(props_lemmas[first_lemma], "remove links") else accel_lemma = {} accel_lemma_translit = {} for j=first_lemma, last_lemma do local this_accel_lemma, this_accel_lemma_translit = fetch_formval_and_translit(props_lemmas[j], "remove links") -- Do not use insert() especially for the translit because it may be nil and in -- that case we want gaps in the array. accel_lemma[j - first_lemma + 1] = this_accel_lemma accel_lemma_translit[j - first_lemma + 1] = this_accel_lemma_translit end end local accel_translit if props.include_translit and form.translit then if type(form.translit) == "table" then accel_translit = concat(form.translit, ", ") elseif type(form.translit) == "string" then accel_translit = form.translit else error(("Internal error: For slot '%s', form translit is not a table or string: %s"): format(slot, dump(form.translit))) end end accel_obj = { form = accel_tag_set, translit = accel_translit, lemma = accel_lemma, lemma_translit = props.include_translit and accel_lemma_translit or nil, } end -- Postprocess if requested. if props.transform_accel_obj then accel_obj = props.transform_accel_obj(slot, form, accel_obj) end form.accel_obj = accel_obj end end -- Format the form objects into a string for insertion into the table. local formatted_forms if props.format_forms then formatted_forms = props.format_forms { slot = slot, forms = formobjs, footnote_obj = footnote_obj, } end if not formatted_forms then -- Default algorithm: Separate form values and translits and concatenate on separate lines. -- Form values have already been deduplicated but we may need to deduplicate translits (this happens -- e.g. in Arabic where there may be multiple ways of spelling a hamza in the Arabic script but only -- one way in transliteration). local formval_spans = {} local tr_spans = {} for i, form in ipairs(formobjs) do local link if props.generate_link then link = props.generate_link { slot = slot, pos = i, form = form, footnote_obj = footnote_obj, } end if not link then link = m_links.full_link { lang = props.lang, term = form.formval_for_link, tr = "-", accel = form.accel_obj } .. export.get_footnote_text(form.footnotes, footnote_obj) end formval_spans[i] = link if props.include_translit then local translits = form.translit or props_transliterate(props, m_links.remove_links(form.form)) if type(translits) == "string" then translits = {translits} end for _, tr in ipairs(translits) do local tr_for_tag = tr -- formerly may have differed due to old-style footnote symbols insert_if_not(tr_spans, { tr_for_tag = tr_for_tag, footnotes = form.footnotes, }, { key = function(trobj) return trobj.tr_for_tag end, combine = function(trobj, newtrobj) -- Combine footnotes. trobj.footnotes = export.combine_footnotes(trobj.footnotes, newtrobj.footnotes) end, }) end end end for i, tr_span in ipairs(tr_spans) do local formatted_tr if props.format_tr then formatted_tr = props.format_tr { slot = slot, pos = i, tr_for_tag = tr_span.tr_for_tag, footnotes = tr_span.footnotes, footnote_obj = footnote_obj, } end if not formatted_tr then formatted_tr = require(script_utilities_module).tag_translit(tr_span.tr_for_tag, props.lang, "default", " style=\"color: var(--wikt-palette-grey-8,#888);\"") .. export.get_footnote_text(tr_span.footnotes, footnote_obj) end tr_spans[i] = formatted_tr end if props.join_spans then formatted_forms = props.join_spans { slot = slot, formval_spans = formval_spans, tr_spans = tr_spans, } end if not formatted_forms then local formval_span = concat(formval_spans, ", ") local tr_span if #tr_spans > 0 then tr_span = concat(tr_spans, ", ") end if tr_span then formatted_forms = formval_span .. "<br />" .. tr_span else formatted_forms = formval_span end end end formtable[slot] = formatted_forms else formtable[slot] = "—" end end iterate_slot_list_or_table(props, do_slot) formtable.footnote = concat(footnote_obj.notes, "<br />") end --[==[ Find the inflection spec for a given lemma by scraping the contents of the section for the lemma's language, looking for the appropriate inflection template (which may in some cases be a headword template with inflections specified in the headword, as for {{tl|en-verb}}). An inflection ID can be given; in that case, the value of the appropriate ID param (usually `id=`) must match the specified ID; otherwise, any inflection template call of the right name will work. If anything goes wrong in the process, a string is returned describing the error message; otherwise an object is returned, where `template` is the template found (an object of the form returned by `find_templates` in [[Module:template parser]]). There is one param, an object with the following fields: * `lemma`: The page to scrape for inflection calls. * `langname`: The name of the language of the lemma (e.g. {"English"} or {"Icelandic"}). Only that section is scraped. * `infltemp`: A string specifying the name of the template containing the inflections, or a function of one argument, the template object (an object of the form returned by `find_templates` in [[Module:template parser]]), which should return true if the given object specifies an appropriate inflection template. * `idparam`: The name of the parameter holding the inflection ID used to disambiguate lemmas with multiple inflections. * `inflid`: The inflection ID that must match the value of the `idparam` parameter specified by the inflection template. If not specified, there must be exactly one matching inflection template present, and it must not have a value given for the `idparam` parameter. Otherwise, all matching inflection templates must have a value specified for the `idparam` parameter of the template, and there must be exactly one template whose `idparam` parameter value is the same as the value of `inflid`. Find the inflection spec by scraping the contents of the Icelandic section of `lemma`, looking for `infltemp` calls (where template is e.g. "is-ndecl", "is-adecl" or "is-conj") If `inflid` is given, it must match the value of the |id= param specified to the inflection template; otherwise, any inflection template call will work. If anything goes wrong in the process, a string is returned describing the error message; otherwise a table of inflections is returned, each containing a field `infl` with the inflection spec. The inflection spec comes from the |deriv=, |deriv2=, etc. params in the inflection template if specified and `is_deriv` is given; otherwise from 1=, 2=, etc. If `allow_empty_infl` is given, a missing inflection spec in 1= is allowed and converted to an empty string; otherwise, an error is signaled. ]==] function export.scrape_inflection(data) local langname, lemma, infltemp, inflid, idparam = data.langname, data.lemma, data.infltemp, data.inflid, data.idparam local lang_lemma = ("%s base lemma '[[%s]]'"):format(langname, lemma) local title = new_title(lemma) if title then local content = title:getContent() if content then local langtext = require(pages_module).get_section(content, langname) if langtext then local inflobjs_by_id = {} local inflobjs_without_id = {} local ordered_seen_ids = {} for template in require(template_parser_module).find_templates(langtext) do local matches if type(infltemp) == "string" then matches = template:get_name() == infltemp else matches = infltemp(template) end if matches then local inflobj = {template = template} local args = template:get_arguments() local tid = args[idparam] if tid then if inflobjs_by_id[tid] then return ("For %s base lemma '[[%s]]', saw id='%s' twice"):format( langname, lemma, tid ) end inflobjs_by_id[tid] = inflobj insert_if_not(ordered_seen_ids, tid) else insert(inflobjs_without_id, inflobj) end end end local function concat_ordered_seen_ids() local quoted_seen_ids = {} for _, seen_id in ipairs(ordered_seen_ids) do insert(quoted_seen_ids, "'" .. seen_id .. "'") end return m_table.serialCommaJoin(quoted_seen_ids, {dontTag = true}) end local formatted_template = type(infltemp) == "string" and ("[[Template:%s]]"):format(infltemp) or "inflection template" local formatted_template_sing_article = type(infltemp) == "string" and ("[[Template:%s]]"):format(infltemp) or "an inflection template" local formatted_template_plural = type(infltemp) == "string" and "'s" or "s" if ordered_seen_ids[1] and inflobjs_without_id[1] then return ("For %s, saw %s %s%s with id=%s as well as %s %s%s without ID; this is not allowed; " .. "with multiple %s calls, all must have id= params"):format(lang_lemma, #ordered_seen_ids, formatted_template, ordered_seen_ids[2] and formatted_template_plural or "", concat_ordered_seen_ids(), #inflobjs_without_id, formatted_template, inflobjs_without_id[2] and formatted_template_plural or "", formatted_template) elseif not ordered_seen_ids[1] and not inflobjs_without_id[1] then return ("For %s, found %s section but couldn't find any calls to %s"):format( lang_lemma, langname, formatted_template_sing_article) elseif #inflobjs_without_id > 1 then return ("For %s, found %s %s%s without ID's; this is not allowed; with multiple %s calls, " .. "all must have id= params"):format(lang_lemma, #inflobjs_without_id, formatted_template, formatted_template_plural, formatted_template) elseif inflid then if inflobjs_by_id[inflid] then return inflobjs_by_id[inflid] elseif ordered_seen_ids[1] then return ("For %s, found %s section but couldn't find any inflections matching ID '%s'; " .. "instead found ID's %s; you may have misspelled the ID"):format(lang_lemma, langname, inflid, concat_ordered_seen_ids()) else return ("For %s, found %s section with a single %s without ID, but ID requirement '%s' " .. "specified; consider removing the ID requirement"):format(lang_lemma, langname, formatted_template, inflid) end elseif inflobjs_without_id[1] then -- only one infl template, and it doesn't have an id=; return it return inflobjs_without_id[1] elseif ordered_seen_ids[2] then return ("For %s, saw %s %s%s with id=%s but with a request to return the inflection without " .. "ID; consider adding an ID restriction to the scrape request, e.g. '@@:%s' for " .. "self-scraping or '@%s:%s' for scraping from another page"):format(lang_lemma, #ordered_seen_ids, formatted_template, formatted_template_plural, concat_ordered_seen_ids(), ordered_seen_ids[1], usub(lemma, 1, 1), ordered_seen_ids[1]) else return ("For %s, found %s section with a single %s with id=%s, but the scrape request didn't " .. "specify an ID; consider removing the id= param from the %s call unless you expect to add " .. "more such calls to the page in the future (in which case add the ID to the scrape request, " .. "e.g. '@@:%s' for self-scraping or '@%s:%s' for scraping from another page"):format(lang_lemma, langname, formatted_template, concat_ordered_seen_ids(), formatted_template, ordered_seen_ids[1], usub(lemma, 1, 1), ordered_seen_ids[1]) end else return ("For %s, page exists but has no %s section"):format(lang_lemma, langname) end else return ("For %s, couldn't fetch contents for page; page may not exist"):format(lang_lemma) end else return ("Bad %s; couldn't create title object"):format(lang_lemma) end end return export 4e5paku3o696y9wrcst2azh807ckm5m suu 0 263947 2573467 2084281 2026-10-25T15:30:02Z Hiyuune 50834 2573467 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|xgn-mgl}}== ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|xgn-mgl|Danh từ}} # [[giấm|Giấm]]. =={{langname|vro}}== ==={{section|etym}} 1=== Từ {{inh|vro|urj-fin-pro|*suu}}, từ {{der|vro|urj-pro|*śuwe}}. ===={{section|n}}==== {{vro-noun|suu|suud}} # [[miệng|Miệng]]. ====={{section|infl}}===== {{vro-decl-stems|a|suu|suu|suud|suuhõ|ill_sg2=suuhtõ|suiõ|suid|suihõ|ill_pl2=suihtõ|sui}} ==={{section|etym}} 2=== Từ {{inh|vro|urj-fin-pro|*soo}}. ===={{section|n}}==== {{vro-noun|suu|suud}} # [[đầm lầy]]. ====={{section|infl}}===== {{vro-decl-stems|a|suu|suu|suud|suuhu|ill_sg2=suhuq|soiõ|soid|soihe|ill_pl2=soihtõ|soi}} {{topics|vro|Cơ thể|Địa mạo}} 072hnaop04dpfsyfv5h8yiafyxegz8z 2573469 2573467 2026-10-25T15:32:30Z Hiyuune 50834 2573469 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|xgn-mgl}}== ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|xgn-mgl|Danh từ}} # [[giấm|Giấm]]. =={{langname|vro}}== ==={{section|etym}} 1=== Từ {{inh|vro|urj-fin-pro|*suu}}, từ {{der|vro|urj-pro|*śuwe}}. ===={{section|n}}==== {{vro-noun|suu|suud}} # [[miệng|Miệng]]. ====={{section|infl}}===== {{vro-decl-stems|a|suu|suu|suud|suuhõ|ill_sg2=suuhtõ|suiõ|suid|suihõ|ill_pl2=suihtõ|sui}} ==={{section|etym}} 2=== Từ {{inh|vro|urj-fin-pro|*soo}}. ===={{section|n}}==== {{vro-noun|suu|suud}} # [[đầm lầy]]. ====={{section|infl}}===== {{vro-decl-stems|a|suu|suu|suud|suuhu|ill_sg2=suhuq|soiõ|soid|soihe|ill_pl2=soihtõ|soi}} {{topics|vro|Cơ thể|Địa mạo}} =={{langname|vot}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|vot|urj-fin-pro|*suu}}, từ {{der|vot|urj-pro|*śuwe}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vot-p|J=+|C=+|E=+}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{vot-noun}} # [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|infl}}==== {{vot-decl/maa}} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:vot:VKS|suu}} {{c|vot|Cơ thể}} b3alwbecpm6p48f0unav2a8abbc32mt 2573481 2573469 2026-10-25T15:38:09Z Hiyuune 50834 + et 2573481 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|et}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|et|urj-fin-pro|*suu}}, từ {{der|et|urj-pro|*śuwe}}. Các từ cùng gốc bao gồm {{cog|fi|suu}} và {{cog|hu|száj}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{rfp|et}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{et-noun|suu|suud}} # [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{et-decl-idee|suu|ill_sg2=1}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:PSV}} * {{R:EKSS}} * {{R:et:EÕS}} * {{R:Sõnaveeb}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|et|usu|uus}} =={{langname|xgn-mgl}}== ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|xgn-mgl|Danh từ}} # [[giấm|Giấm]]. =={{langname|vro}}== ==={{section|etym}} 1=== Từ {{inh|vro|urj-fin-pro|*suu}}, từ {{der|vro|urj-pro|*śuwe}}. ===={{section|n}}==== {{vro-noun|suu|suud}} # [[miệng|Miệng]]. ====={{section|infl}}===== {{vro-decl-stems|a|suu|suu|suud|suuhõ|ill_sg2=suuhtõ|suiõ|suid|suihõ|ill_pl2=suihtõ|sui}} ==={{section|etym}} 2=== Từ {{inh|vro|urj-fin-pro|*soo}}. ===={{section|n}}==== {{vro-noun|suu|suud}} # [[đầm lầy]]. ====={{section|infl}}===== {{vro-decl-stems|a|suu|suu|suud|suuhu|ill_sg2=suhuq|soiõ|soid|soihe|ill_pl2=soihtõ|soi}} {{topics|vro|Cơ thể|Địa mạo}} =={{langname|vot}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|vot|urj-fin-pro|*suu}}, từ {{der|vot|urj-pro|*śuwe}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vot-p|J=+|C=+|E=+}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{vot-noun}} # [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|infl}}==== {{vot-decl/maa}} ==={{section|ref}}=== * {{R:vot:VKS|suu}} {{c|vot|Cơ thể}} mhyi36nsi9027gkvca1ytl00cupel8u a˗kupehem 0 265853 2573571 2056564 2026-10-26T02:44:21Z Hiyuune 50834 2573571 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|muu}}== ==={{section|v}}=== {{head|muu|Động từ}} # [[ngồi]]. pwzhm16eg6h84qlwlq3oh7d8tvd6vay Philippines 0 266893 2573402 2351300 2026-10-25T14:03:29Z Hiyuune 50834 2573402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|philippines}} =={{langname|vi}}== {{wp}} {{commonscat}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|vi|Phi-líp-pin||phiên âm}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron|Phi-líp-pin}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-pr-noun}} # {{senseid|vi|Q928}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Đông Nam Á|capital=Manila|official=Cộng hòa Philippines}} ===={{section|trans}}==== {{trans-top|một quốc gia ở Đông Nam Á}} * {{langname|en}}: {{t+|en|Philippines}} * {{langname|ja}}: {{t+|ja|フィリピン|tr=Firipin}}, {{t+|ja|比律賓|tr=フィリピン, Firipin}} {{q|không còn dùng}} * {{langname|shn}}: {{t|shn|မိူင်းၾီႇလိပ်ႈပိၼ်း}} * {{langname|tl}}: {{t+|tl|Pilipinas}} {{trans-bottom}} 7kx84j9savj0wad0e3rh3kbl1itvm3l 2573403 2573402 2026-10-25T14:09:32Z Hiyuune 50834 2573403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|philippines}} =={{langname|vi}}== [[File:Flag of the Philippines.svg|thumb|240px|Quốc kỳ '''Philippines''']] {{wp}} {{commonscat}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|vi|Phi-líp-pin||phiên âm}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron|Phi-líp-pin}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-pr-noun}} # {{senseid|vi|Q928}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Đông Nam Á|capital=Manila|official=Cộng hòa Philippines}} ===={{section|trans}}==== {{trans-top|một quốc gia ở Đông Nam Á}} * {{langname|en}}: {{t+|en|Philippines}} * {{langname|hi}}: {{t+|hi|फ़िलीपीन्स|m}}, {{t|hi|फिलीपिंस|m}} * {{langname|hu}}: {{t+|hu|Fülöp-szigetek|p}} * {{langname|ga}}: {{t|ga|Oileáin Fhilipíneacha|alt=Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha|m-p}} * {{langname|ja}}: {{t+|ja|フィリピン|tr=Firipin}}, {{t+|ja|比律賓|tr=フィリピン, Firipin}} {{q|không còn dùng}} * {{langname|sa}}: {{t|sa|फिलिपीन्स}} * {{langname|shn}}: {{t|shn|မိူင်းၾီႇလိပ်ႈပိၼ်း}} * {{langname|tl}}: {{t+|tl|Pilipinas}} {{trans-bottom}} =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{word|en|ine|h₁éḱwos}} {{ety|en|:bor|fr:Philippines}} {{rfe|en}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{enPR|fĭlʹĭ-pēnz|a=UK}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈfɪl.ɪ.piːnz/|/ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/|/ˈfɪl.ɪ.paɪnz/|a3=không còn dùng|ref3={{R:en:Ross:1970|page=141}}}} ** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Philippines.wav|a=UK}} * {{enPR|fĭlʹə-pēnz|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/}} ** {{audio|en|En-us-Philippines.ogg|a=US}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈfi.lip.pins/|/ˈfi.li.pins/|a=Philippines}} ** {{IPA|en|/ˈpi.lip.pins/|/ˈpi.li.pins/|a=Philippines,thông tục}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phi|lip|pines}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phi|li|ppines}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phil|i|ppines}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{wp|en:}} {{en-prop|def=1}} # {{place|en|quần đảo|r/Đông Nam Á}}. # {{tcl|en|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{l|en|Filippines}} * {{l|en|Pilipinas}} * {{l|en|Pinas}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|en|Rice Bowl of the Philippines|Christmas Capital of the Philippines|Culinary Capital of the Philippines|Salad Bowl of the Philippines|Summer Capital of the Philippines| Goodbye Philippines|Autoparts Capital of the Philippines}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|en |Filipina |Filipinas |Philippine |Phils |PI |Tagalog }} ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} =={{langname|fr}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|fr|:af|Philippe|-ine|-s|:calque|es:Filipinas}} {{rfe|fr}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{fr-IPA}} * {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Philippines.wav|a=Paris}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{fr-proper noun|f-p}} # {{tcl|fr|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|fr|philippin}} * {{l|fr|Philippin}}, {{l|fr|Philippine}}, {{l|fr|Philippins}}, {{l|fr|Philippines}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|ar|الْفِلِبِّين|bor=1}} * {{desc|en|Philippines|bor=1}} * {{desc|fa|فیلیپین|tr=filipin|bor=1}} * {{desc|vi|Phi-líp-pin|bor=1}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/fr}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|fr|Biến thể hình thái danh từ|g=f}} # {{plural of|fr|Philippine}} jikoo37u2f8o24ti63vrxukgsw5clwx 2573404 2573403 2026-10-25T14:11:59Z Hiyuune 50834 2573404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|philippines}} =={{langname|vi}}== [[File:Flag of the Philippines.svg|thumb|240px|Quốc kỳ '''Philippines''']] {{wp}} {{commonscat}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|vi|Phi-líp-pin||phiên âm}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron|Phi-líp-pin}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-pr-noun}} # {{senseid|vi|Q928}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Đông Nam Á|capital=Manila|official=Cộng hòa Philippines}} ===={{section|trans}}==== {{trans-top|một quốc gia ở Đông Nam Á}} * {{langname|ar}}: {{t+|ar|الْفِلِبِّين|f}} * {{langname|en}}: {{t+|en|Philippines}} * {{langname|be}}: {{t|be|Філіпі́ны|f-p}} * {{langname|bn}}: {{t+|bn|ফিলিপাইন}} * {{langname|ca}}: {{t+|ca|Filipines|f-p}} * {{langname|hi}}: {{t+|hi|फ़िलीपीन्स|m}}, {{t|hi|फिलीपिंस|m}} * {{langname|hu}}: {{t+|hu|Fülöp-szigetek|p}} * {{langname|ga}}: {{t|ga|Oileáin Fhilipíneacha|alt=Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha|m-p}} * {{langname|my}}: {{t|my|ဖိလစ်ပိုင်}} * {{langname|ja}}: {{t+|ja|フィリピン|tr=Firipin}}, {{t+|ja|比律賓|tr=フィリピン, Firipin}} {{q|không còn dùng}} * {{langname|sa}}: {{t|sa|फिलिपीन्स}} * {{langname|shn}}: {{t|shn|မိူင်းၾီႇလိပ်ႈပိၼ်း}} * {{langname|tl}}: {{t+|tl|Pilipinas}} * {{langname|zh}}: *: {{langname|nan-hbl}}: {{t|nan-hbl|菲律賓|tr=Hui-li̍p-pin}} *: {{langname|cmn}}: {{t+|cmn|菲律賓}} *: {{langname|yue}}: {{t|yue|菲律賓}} *: {{langname|wuu}}: {{t|wuu|菲律賓}} {{trans-bottom}} =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{word|en|ine|h₁éḱwos}} {{ety|en|:bor|fr:Philippines}} {{rfe|en}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{enPR|fĭlʹĭ-pēnz|a=UK}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈfɪl.ɪ.piːnz/|/ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/|/ˈfɪl.ɪ.paɪnz/|a3=không còn dùng|ref3={{R:en:Ross:1970|page=141}}}} ** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Philippines.wav|a=UK}} * {{enPR|fĭlʹə-pēnz|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/}} ** {{audio|en|En-us-Philippines.ogg|a=US}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈfi.lip.pins/|/ˈfi.li.pins/|a=Philippines}} ** {{IPA|en|/ˈpi.lip.pins/|/ˈpi.li.pins/|a=Philippines,thông tục}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phi|lip|pines}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phi|li|ppines}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phil|i|ppines}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{wp|en:}} {{en-prop|def=1}} # {{place|en|quần đảo|r/Đông Nam Á}}. # {{tcl|en|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{l|en|Filippines}} * {{l|en|Pilipinas}} * {{l|en|Pinas}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|en|Rice Bowl of the Philippines|Christmas Capital of the Philippines|Culinary Capital of the Philippines|Salad Bowl of the Philippines|Summer Capital of the Philippines| Goodbye Philippines|Autoparts Capital of the Philippines}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|en |Filipina |Filipinas |Philippine |Phils |PI |Tagalog }} ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} =={{langname|fr}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|fr|:af|Philippe|-ine|-s|:calque|es:Filipinas}} {{rfe|fr}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{fr-IPA}} * {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Philippines.wav|a=Paris}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{fr-proper noun|f-p}} # {{tcl|fr|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|fr|philippin}} * {{l|fr|Philippin}}, {{l|fr|Philippine}}, {{l|fr|Philippins}}, {{l|fr|Philippines}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|ar|الْفِلِبِّين|bor=1}} * {{desc|en|Philippines|bor=1}} * {{desc|fa|فیلیپین|tr=filipin|bor=1}} * {{desc|vi|Phi-líp-pin|bor=1}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/fr}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|fr|Biến thể hình thái danh từ|g=f}} # {{plural of|fr|Philippine}} nrhq6ygmdey06wt5nred7srygzw343n 2573547 2573404 2026-10-25T23:20:47Z Hiyuune 50834 2573547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|philippines}} =={{langname|vi}}== [[File:Flag of the Philippines.svg|thumb|240px|Quốc kỳ '''Philippines''']] {{wp}} {{commonscat}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|vi|Phi-líp-pin||phiên âm}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{vi-pron|Phi-líp-pin}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{vi-pr-noun}} # {{senseid|vi|Q928}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Đông Nam Á|capital=Manila|official=Cộng hòa Philippines}} ===={{section|trans}}==== {{trans-top|một quốc gia ở Đông Nam Á}} * {{langname|ar}}: {{t+|ar|الْفِلِبِّين|f}} * {{langname|ab}}: {{t|ab|Филиппин}} * {{langname|af}}: {{t|af|Filippyne}} * {{langname|ak}}: {{t|akl|Pilipinas}} * {{langname|sq}}: {{t+|sq|Filipinet|p}} * {{langname|am}}: {{t|am|ፊሊፒንስ}} * {{langname|en}}: {{t+|en|Philippines}} * {{langname|hy}}: {{t|hy|Ֆիլիպիններ}} * {{langname|as}}: {{t|as|ফিলিপাইন}} * {{langname|ast}}: {{t+|ast|Filipines|f-p}} * {{langname|az}}: *: Ả Rập: {{t|az|فیلیپین|tr=filippin}} *: Latinh: {{t+|az|Filippin}} * {{langname|be}}: {{t|be|Філіпі́ны|f-p}} * {{langname|bn}}: {{t+|bn|ফিলিপাইন}} * Tiếng Bikol: *: {{langname|bcl}}: {{t+|bcl|Filipinas}} * {{langname|br}}: {{t|br|Filipinez}} * {{langname|bg}}: {{t+|bg|Филипи́ни|p}} * {{langname|ca}}: {{t+|ca|Filipines|f-p}} * {{langname|hi}}: {{t+|hi|फ़िलीपीन्स|m}}, {{t|hi|फिलीपिंस|m}} * {{langname|hu}}: {{t+|hu|Fülöp-szigetek|p}} * {{langname|ga}}: {{t|ga|Oileáin Fhilipíneacha|alt=Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha|m-p}} * {{langname|my}}: {{t|my|ဖိလစ်ပိုင်}} * {{langname|ja}}: {{t+|ja|フィリピン|tr=Firipin}}, {{t+|ja|比律賓|tr=フィリピン, Firipin}} {{q|không còn dùng}} * {{langname|sa}}: {{t|sa|फिलिपीन्स}} * {{langname|shn}}: {{t|shn|မိူင်းၾီႇလိပ်ႈပိၼ်း}} * {{langname|tl}}: {{t+|tl|Pilipinas}} * {{langname|zh}}: *: {{langname|nan-hbl}}: {{t|nan-hbl|菲律賓|tr=Hui-li̍p-pin}} *: {{langname|cmn}}: {{t+|cmn|菲律賓}} *: {{langname|yue}}: {{t|yue|菲律賓}} *: {{langname|wuu}}: {{t|wuu|菲律賓}} {{trans-bottom}} =={{langname|en}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{word|en|ine|h₁éḱwos}} {{ety|en|:bor|fr:Philippines}} {{rfe|en}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{enPR|fĭlʹĭ-pēnz|a=UK}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈfɪl.ɪ.piːnz/|/ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/|/ˈfɪl.ɪ.paɪnz/|a3=không còn dùng|ref3={{R:en:Ross:1970|page=141}}}} ** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Philippines.wav|a=UK}} * {{enPR|fĭlʹə-pēnz|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/}} ** {{audio|en|En-us-Philippines.ogg|a=US}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈfi.lip.pins/|/ˈfi.li.pins/|a=Philippines}} ** {{IPA|en|/ˈpi.lip.pins/|/ˈpi.li.pins/|a=Philippines,thông tục}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phi|lip|pines}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phi|li|ppines}} * {{hyphenation|en|Phil|i|ppines}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{wp|en:}} {{en-prop|def=1}} # {{place|en|quần đảo|r/Đông Nam Á}}. # {{tcl|en|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|syn}}==== * {{l|en|Filippines}} * {{l|en|Pilipinas}} * {{l|en|Pinas}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|en|Rice Bowl of the Philippines|Christmas Capital of the Philippines|Culinary Capital of the Philippines|Salad Bowl of the Philippines|Summer Capital of the Philippines| Goodbye Philippines|Autoparts Capital of the Philippines}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|en |Filipina |Filipinas |Philippine |Phils |PI |Tagalog }} ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} =={{langname|fr}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|fr|:af|Philippe|-ine|-s|:calque|es:Filipinas}} {{rfe|fr}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{fr-IPA}} * {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-Philippines.wav|a=Paris}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{fr-proper noun|f-p}} # {{tcl|fr|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|fr|philippin}} * {{l|fr|Philippin}}, {{l|fr|Philippine}}, {{l|fr|Philippins}}, {{l|fr|Philippines}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|ar|الْفِلِبِّين|bor=1}} * {{desc|en|Philippines|bor=1}} * {{desc|fa|فیلیپین|tr=filipin|bor=1}} * {{desc|vi|Phi-líp-pin|bor=1}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/fr}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|fr|Biến thể hình thái danh từ|g=f}} # {{plural of|fr|Philippine}} h06lmfeqcedz813c9gouy1f0sbqv1mb Wiktionary:GUS2Wiki 4 267278 2573610 2571637 2026-10-26T11:09:54Z Alexis Jazz 41773 Updating gadget usage statistics from [[Special:GadgetUsage]] ([[phab:T121049]]) 2573610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#ifexist:Project:GUS2Wiki/top|{{/top}}|This page provides a historical record of [[Special:GadgetUsage]] through its page history. To get the data in CSV format, see wikitext. To customize this message or add categories, create [[/top]].}} Dữ liệu dưới đây được đưa vào vùng nhớ đệm và được cập nhật lần cuối lúc 2026-10-25T10:11:58Z. Tối đa có sẵn {{PLURAL:5000|một kết quả|5000 kết quả}} trong vùng nhớ đệm. {| class="sortable wikitable" ! Tiện ích !! data-sort-type="number" | Số người dùng !! data-sort-type="number" | Số thành viên tích cực |- |AcceleratedFormCreation || 7 || 4 |- |AjaxEdit || 4 || 3 |- |CommentsInLocalTime || 15 || 3 |- |DejaVu Sans || 69 || 2 |- |ShowIDs || 3 || 2 |- |TabbedLanguages || 7 || 3 |- |Twinkle || 8 || 4 |- |UTCLiveClock || 12 || 3 |- |hotcat || 75 || 7 |- |linkify || 33 || 2 |- |navpop || 64 || 0 |- |purgetab || 68 || 5 |- |removeAccessKeys || 15 || 0 |- |tot || 5 || 0 |- |wiked || 59 || 0 |} * [[Đặc biệt:GadgetUsage]] * [[m:Meta:GUS2Wiki/Script|GUS2Wiki]] <!-- data in CSV format: AcceleratedFormCreation,7,4 AjaxEdit,4,3 CommentsInLocalTime,15,3 DejaVu Sans,69,2 ShowIDs,3,2 TabbedLanguages,7,3 Twinkle,8,4 UTCLiveClock,12,3 hotcat,75,7 linkify,33,2 navpop,64,0 purgetab,68,5 removeAccessKeys,15,0 tot,5,0 wiked,59,0 --> s5oz3vakiwlbbxt2cndpnyuol9elh1i Mô đun:languages/data/3/b 828 272283 2573543 2573204 2026-10-25T17:39:57Z Lcsnes 40261 2573543 Scribunto text/plain local m_langdata = require("Module:languages/data") -- Loaded on demand, as it may not be needed (depending on the data). local function u(...) u = require("Module:string utilities").char return u(...) end local c = m_langdata.chars local p = m_langdata.puaChars local s = m_langdata.shared local m = {} m["baa"] = { "tiếng Babatana", 2877785, "poz-ocw", "Latn", "Tiếng Babatana", "Babatana", } m["bab"] = { "tiếng Bainouk-Gunyuño", 35508, "alv-bny", "Latn", "Tiếng Bainouk-Gunyuño", "Bainouk-Gunyuño", } m["bac"] = { "tiếng Badui", 3449885, "poz-msa", "Latn", "Tiếng Badui", "Badui", } m["bae"] = { "tiếng Baré", 3504087, "awd", "Latn", "Tiếng Baré", "Baré", } m["baf"] = { "tiếng Nubaca", 36270, "nic-ymb", "Latn", "Tiếng Nabaca", "Nubaca", } m["bag"] = { "tiếng Tuki", 36621, "nic-mba", "Latn", "Tiếng Tuki", "Tuki", } m["bah"] = { "Bahamian Creole", 2669229, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["baj"] = { "tiếng Barakai", 3502030, "poz-cet", "Latn", "Tiếng Barakai", "Barakai" } m["bal"] = { "tiếng Baloch", 33049, "ira-nwi", "fa-Arab, Cyrl", "Tiếng Baloch", "Baloch", } m["ban"] = { "tiếng Bali", 33070, "poz-mcm", "Latn, Bali", "Tiếng Bali", "Bali", } m["bao"] = { "tiếng Waimaha", 2883738, "sai-tuc", "Latn", "Tiếng Waimaha", "Waimaha", } m["bap"] = { "tiếng Bantawa", 56500, "sit-kic", "Krai, Deva", "Tiếng Bantawa", "Bantawa", } m["bar"] = { "tiếng Bayern", 29540, "gmw-hgm", "Latn", "Tiếng Bayern", "Bayern", ancestors = "gmh", } m["bas"] = { "tiếng Basaa", 33093, "bnt-bsa", "Latn", "Tiếng Basaa", "Basaa", } m["bau"] = { "tiếng Badanchi", 11001650, "nic-jrw", "Latn", "Tiếng Badanchi", "Badanchi", } m["bav"] = { "tiếng Babungo", 34885, "nic-rnn", "Latn", "Tiếng Babungo", "Babungo" } m["baw"] = { "Bambili-Bambui", 34880, "nic-nge", "Latn", } m["bax"] = { "tiếng Bamum", 35280, "nic-nun", "Latn, Bamu", "Tiếng Bamum", "Bamum", } m["bay"] = { "tiếng Batuley", 8828787, "poz", "Latn", "Tiếng Batuley", "Batuley", } m["bba"] = { "tiếng Baatonum", 34889, "alv-sav", "Latn", "Tiếng Baatonum", "Baatonum", } m["bbb"] = { "tiếng Barai", 4858206, "ngf", "Latn", "Tiếng Barai", "Barai", } m["bbc"] = { "Toba Batak", 33017, "btk", "Latn, Batk", } m["bbd"] = { "Bau", 4873415, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bbe"] = { "Bangba", 34895, "nic-nke", "Latn", } m["bbf"] = { "Baibai", 56902, "paa", "Latn", } m["bbg"] = { "Barama", 34884, "bnt-sir", "Latn", } m["bbh"] = { "tiếng Bố Cam", 3033554, "mkh-pkn", "Latn", "Tiếng Bố Cam", "Bố Cam", } m["bbi"] = { "tiếng Barombi", 34985, "bnt-bsa", "Latn", "Tiếng Barombi", "Barombi", } m["bbj"] = { "tiếng Ghomala'", 35271, "bai", "Latn", "Tiếng Ghomala'", "Ghomala'", } m["bbk"] = { "Babanki", 34790, "nic-rnc", "Latn", } m["bbl"] = { "tiếng Bats", 33259, "cau-nkh", "Geor", "Tiếng Bats", "Bats", translit = "Geor-translit", override_translit = true, entry_name = { remove_diacritics = c.tilde .. c.macron .. c.breve, from = {"<sup>ნ</sup>"}, to = {"ნ"} }, } m["bbm"] = { -- name includes prefix "Babango", 34819, "bnt-bta", "Latn", } m["bbn"] = { "tiếng Uneapa", 7884126, "poz-ocw", "Latn", "Tiếng Uneapa", "Uneapa", } m["bbo"] = { "tiếng Konabéré", 35371, "dmn-snb", "Latn", "Tiếng Konabéré", "Konabéré", } m["bbp"] = { "West Central Banda", 7984377, "bad", "Latn", } m["bbq"] = { "Bamali", 34901, "nic-nun", "Latn", } m["bbr"] = { "Girawa", 5564185, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bbs"] = { "Bakpinka", 3515061, "nic-ucr", "Latn", } m["bbt"] = { "Mburku", 3441324, "cdc-wst", "Latn", } m["bbu"] = { "Bakulung", 35580, "nic-jrn", "Latn", } m["bbv"] = { "Karnai", 6372803, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bbw"] = { "Baba", 34822, "nic-nun", "Latn", } m["bbx"] = { -- cf bvb "Bubia", 34953, "nic-bds", "Latn", ancestors = "bvb", } m["bby"] = { "Befang", 34960, "nic-bds", "Latn", } m["bca"] = { "tiếng Bạch Trung", 12628803, "sit-bai", "Hani, Latn", "Tiếng Bạch Trung", "Bạch Trung", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["bcb"] = { "Bainouk-Samik", 36390, "alv-bny", "Latn", } m["bcd"] = { "North Babar", 7054041, "poz-tim", "Latn", } m["bce"] = { "Bamenyam", 34968, "nic-nun", "Latn", } m["bcf"] = { "Bamu", 3503788, "paa-kiw", "Latn", } m["bcg"] = { "Baga Pokur", 31172660, "alv-nal", "Latn", } m["bch"] = { "Bariai", 2884502, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bci"] = { "tiếng Baoule", 35107, "alv-ctn", "Latn", "Tiếng Baoule", "Baoule", } m["bcj"] = { "Bardi", 3913852, "aus-nyu", "Latn", } m["bck"] = { "Bunaba", 580923, "aus-bub", "Latn", } m["bcl"] = { "tiếng Trung Bikol", 33284, "phi", "Latn, Tglg", "Tiếng Trung Bikol", "Trung Bikol", translit = { Tglg = "bcl-translit", }, override_translit = true, entry_name = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ, } }, sort_key = { Latn = "tl-sortkey", }, standardChars = { Latn = "AaBbKkDdEeGgHhIiLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuWwYy" .. c.punc, }, } m["bcm"] = { "Banoni", 2882857, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bcn"] = { "Bibaali", 34892, "alv-mye", "Latn", } m["bco"] = { "Kaluli", 6354586, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bcp"] = { "tiếng Bali (Cộng hòa Dân chủ Congo)", 3515074, "bnt-kbi", "Latn", "Tiếng Bali (Cộng hòa Dân chủ Congo)", "Bali (Cộng hòa Dân chủ Congo)", } m["bcq"] = { "tiếng Bench", 35108, "omv", "Latn, Ethi", "Tiếng Bench", "Bench", } m["bcr"] = { "Babine-Witsuwit'en", 27864, "ath-nor", "Latn", } m["bcs"] = { "Kohumono", 35590, "nic-ucn", "Latn", } m["bct"] = { "Bendi", 8836662, "csu-mle", "Latn", } m["bcu"] = { "Biliau", 2874658, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bcv"] = { "Shoo-Minda-Nye", 36548, "nic-jkn", "Latn", } m["bcw"] = { "tiếng Bana", 56272, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", "Tiếng Bana", "Bana", } m["bcy"] = { "tiếng Bacama", 56274, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", "Tiếng Bacama", "Bacama", } m["bcz"] = { "Bainouk-Gunyaamolo", 35506, "alv-bny", "Latn", } m["bda"] = { "Bayot", 35019, "alv-jol", "Latn", } m["bdb"] = { "Basap", 3504208, "poz-bnn", "Latn", } m["bdc"] = { "Emberá-Baudó", 11173166, "sai-chc", "Latn", } m["bdd"] = { "tiếng Bunama", 4997416, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bde"] = { "tiếng Bade", 56239, "cdc-wst", "Latn", "Tiếng Bade", "Bade", } m["bdf"] = { "Biage", 48037487, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bdg"] = { "Bonggi", 2910053, "poz-bnn", "Latn", } m["bdh"] = { "tiếng Tara Baka", 2880165, "csu-bbk", "Latn", "Tiếng Tara Baka", "Tara Baka", } m["bdi"] = { "Burun", 35040, "sdv-niw", "Latn", } m["bdj"] = { "Bai", 34894, "nic-ser", "Latn", } m["bdk"] = { "tiếng Budukh", 35397, "cau-ssm", "Cyrl", "Tiếng Budukh", "Budukh", translit = "cau-nec-translit", override_translit = true, display_text = {Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"]}, entry_name = {Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-entryname"]}, } m["bdl"] = { "Indonesian Bajau", 2880038, "poz", "Latn", } m["bdm"] = { "Buduma", 56287, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", } m["bdn"] = { "Baldemu", 56280, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", } m["bdo"] = { "Morom", 759770, "csu-bgr", "Latn", } m["bdp"] = { "Bende", 8836490, "bnt", "Latn", } m["bdq"] = { "tiếng Ba Na", 32924, "mkh-ban", "Latn", "Tiếng Ba Na", "Ba Na", } m["bdr"] = { "tiếng Tây Duyên hải Bajau", 2880037, "poz-sbj", "Latn", "Tiếng Tây Duyên hải Bajau", "Tây Duyên hải Bajau", } m["bds"] = { "tiếng Burunge", 56617, "cus-sou", "Latn", "Tiếng Burunge", "Burunge", } m["bdt"] = { "Bokoto", 4938812, "alv-gbw", "Latn", } m["bdu"] = { "Oroko", 36278, "bnt-saw", "Latn", } m["bdv"] = { "tiếng Bodo Parja", 8845881, "inc-eas", "Orya", "Tiếng Bodo Parja", "Bodo Parja", translit = "or-translit", } m["bdw"] = { "Baham", 3513309, "paa", "Latn", } m["bdx"] = { "Budong-Budong", 4985158, "poz-ssw", "Latn", } m["bdy"] = { "tiếng Bandjalang", 2980386, "aus-pam", "Latn", "Tiếng Bandjalang", "Bandjalang", } m["bdz"] = { "Badeshi", 33028, "inc-wes", ancestors = "noe", } m["bea"] = { "tiếng Beaver", 20826, "ath-nor", "Latn, Cans", "Tiếng Beaver", "Beaver", } m["beb"] = { "Bebele", 34976, "bnt-btb", "Latn", } m["bec"] = { "Iceve-Maci", 35449, "nic-tvc", "Latn", } m["bed"] = { "Bedoanas", 4879330, "poz-hce", "Latn", } m["bee"] = { "Byangsi", 56904, "sit-alm", "Deva", } m["bef"] = { "Benabena", 2895638, "paa-kag", "Latn", } m["beg"] = { "Belait", 2894198, "poz-swa", "Latn", } m["beh"] = { "Biali", 34961, "nic-eov", "Latn", } m["bei"] = { "Bekati'", 3441683, "day", "Latn", } m["bej"] = { "tiếng Beja", 33025, "cus", "Arab, Latn", "Tiếng Beja", "Beja", } m["bek"] = { "Bebeli", 4878430, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bem"] = { "tiếng Bemba", 33052, "bnt-sbi", "Latn", "Tiếng Bemba", "Bemba", } m["beo"] = { "Beami", 3504079, "paa", "Latn", } m["bep"] = { "Besoa", 8840465, "poz-kal", "Latn", } m["beq"] = { "Beembe", 3196320, "bnt-kng", "Latn", } m["bes"] = { "Besme", 289832, "alv-kim", "Latn", } m["bet"] = { "Guiberoua Bété", 11019185, "kro-bet", "Latn", } m["beu"] = { "tiếng Blagar", 4923846, "ngf", "Latn", "Tiếng Blagar", "Blagar", } m["bev"] = { "Daloa Bété", 11155819, "kro-bet", "Latn", } m["bew"] = { "tiếng Betawi", 33014, "crp", "Latn", "Tiếng Betawi", "Betawi", ancestors = "ms", } m["bex"] = { "Jur Modo", 56682, "csu-bbk", "Latn", } m["bey"] = { "Akuwagel", 3504170, "qfa-tor", "Latn", } m["bez"] = { "Kibena", 2502949, "bnt-bki", "Latn", } m["bfa"] = { "tiếng Bari", 35042, "sdv-bri", "Latn", "Tiếng Bari", "Bari", } m["bfb"] = { "Pauri Bareli", 7155462, "inc-bhi", "Deva", } m["bfc"] = { "Panyi Bai", 12642165, "sit-nba", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["bfd"] = { "Bafut", 34888, "nic-nge", "Latn", } m["bfe"] = { "Betaf", 4897329, "paa-tkw", "Latn", } m["bff"] = { "Bofi", 34914, "alv-gbf", "Latn", } m["bfg"] = { "Busang Kayan", 9231909, "poz", "Latn", } m["bfh"] = { "Blafe", 12628007, "paa", "Latn", } m["bfi"] = { "British Sign Language", 33000, "sgn", "Latn", -- when documented } m["bfj"] = { "Bafanji", 34890, "nic-nun", "Latn", } m["bfk"] = { "Ban Khor Sign Language", 3441103, "sgn", } m["bfl"] = { "Banda-Ndélé", 34850, "bad-cnt", "Latn", } m["bfm"] = { "Mmen", 36132, "nic-rnc", "Latn", } m["bfn"] = { "Bunak", 35101, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bfo"] = { "Malba Birifor", 11150710, "nic-mre", "Latn", } m["bfp"] = { "Beba", 35050, "nic-nge", "Latn", } m["bfq"] = { "tiếng Badaga", 33205, "dra-kan", "Knda, Mlym", "Tiếng Badaga", "Badaga", translit = { Knda = "kn-translit", Mlym = "ml-translit", }, } m["bfr"] = { "Bazigar", 8829558, "inc", } m["bfs"] = { "tiếng Bạch Nam", 12952250, "sit-bai", "Hani, Latn", "Tiếng Bạch Nam", "Bạch Nam", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["bft"] = { "tiếng Balti", 33086, "sit-lab", "fa-Arab, Deva, Tibt", "Tiếng Balti", "Balti", translit = { Tibt = "Tibt-translit", }, override_translit = true, display_text = {Tibt = s["Tibt-displaytext"]}, entry_name = {Tibt = s["Tibt-entryname"]}, sort_key = {Tibt = "Tibt-sortkey"}, } m["bfu"] = { "tiếng Gahri", 5516952, "sit-whm", "Takr, Tibt, Deva", "Tiếng Gahri", "Gahri", translit = {Tibt = "Tibt-translit"}, override_translit = true, display_text = {Tibt = s["Tibt-displaytext"]}, entry_name = {Tibt = s["Tibt-entryname"]}, sort_key = {Tibt = "Tibt-sortkey"}, } m["bfw"] = { "tiếng Bondo", 2567942, "mun", "Orya", "Tiếng Bondo", "Bondo" } m["bfx"] = { "tiếng Bantayanon", 16837866, "phi", "Latn", "Tiếng Bantayanon", "Bantayanon", } m["bfy"] = { "Bagheli", 2356364, "inc-hie", "Deva", translit = "hi-translit", } m["bfz"] = { "tiếng Pahari Mahasu", 6733460, "him", "Deva, Takr", "Tiếng Pahari Mahasu", "Pahari Mahasu", translit = { Deva = "hi-translit" }, } m["bga"] = { "Gwamhi-Wuri", 6707102, "nic-knn", "Latn", } m["bgb"] = { "Bobongko", 4935896, "poz-slb", "Latn", } m["bgc"] = { "tiếng Haryanvi", 33410, "inc-hiw", "Deva", "Tiếng Haryanvi", "Haryanvi", ancestors = "inc-ohi", translit = "hi-translit", } m["bgd"] = { "Rathwi Bareli", 7295692, "inc-bhi", "Deva", } m["bge"] = { "Bauria", 4873579, "inc-bhi", "Deva", } m["bgf"] = { "Bangandu", 34938, "alv-gbs", "Latn", } m["bgg"] = { "Bugun", 3514220, "sit-khb", "Latn", } m["bgi"] = { "Giangan", 4842057, "phi", "Latn", } m["bgj"] = { "tiếng Bangolan", 34862, "nic-nun", "Latn", "Tiếng Bangolan", "Bangolan", } m["bgk"] = { "tiếng Bit", 2904868, "mkh-pal", "Latn", -- also Hani? "Tiếng Bit", "Bit" } m["bgl"] = { "Bo", 8845514, "mkh-vie", } m["bgo"] = { "Baga Koga", 35695, "alv-bag", "Latn", } m["bgq"] = { "Bagri", 2426319, "inc-wes", "Deva", ancestors = "raj", } m["bgr"] = { "Bawm Chin", 56765, "tbq-kuk", "Latn", } m["bgs"] = { "Tagabawa", 7675121, "mno", "Latn", } m["bgt"] = { "tiếng Bughotu", 2927723, "poz-sls", "Latn", "Tiếng Bughotu", "Bughotu", } m["bgu"] = { "Mbongno", 36141, "nic-mmb", "Latn", } m["bgv"] = { "Warkay-Bipim", 4915439, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bgw"] = { "tiếng Bhatri", 8841054, "inc-eas", "Deva, Orya", "Tiếng Bhatri", "Bhatri", translit = { Orya = "or-translit" }, } m["bgx"] = { "tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Gagauz Balkan", 2360396, "trk-ogz", "Latn", "Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Gagauz Balkan", "Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Gagauz Balkan", ancestors = "trk-oat", } m["bgy"] = { "Benggoi", 4887742, "poz-cma", "Latn", } m["bgz"] = { "tiếng Banggai", 3441692, "poz-slb", "Latn", "Tiếng Banggai", "Banggai", } m["bha"] = { "Bharia", 4901287, "inc", "Deva", } m["bhb"] = { "tiếng Bhil", 33229, "inc-bhi", "Deva", "Tiếng Bhil", "Bhil", } m["bhc"] = { "Biga", 2902375, "poz-hce", "Latn", } m["bhd"] = { "tiếng Bhadrawah", 4900565, "him", "Arab, Deva, Takr", "Tiếng Bhadrawah", "Bhadrawah", translit = {Deva = "hi-translit"}, } m["bhe"] = { "Bhaya", 8841168, "inc-wes", ancestors = "raj", } m["bhf"] = { "Odiai", 56690, "paa-kwm", "Latn", } m["bhg"] = { "Binandere", 3503802, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bhh"] = { "tiếng Bukhara", 56469, "ira-swi", "Cyrl, Hebr, Latn, fa-Arab", "Tiếng Bukhara", "Bukhara", ancestors = "tg", } m["bhi"] = { "Bhilali", 4901729, "inc-bhi", "Deva", } m["bhj"] = { "tiếng Bahing", 56442, "sit-kiw", "Deva, Latn", "Tiếng Bahing", "Bahing", } m["bhl"] = { "Bimin", 4913743, "ngf-okk", "Latn", } m["bhm"] = { "Bathari", 2586893, "sem-sar", "Arab, Latn", } m["bhn"] = { "tiếng Tân Aram Bohtan", 33230, "sem-nna", "Syrc", "Tiếng Tân Aram Bohtan", "Tân Aram Bohtan", } m["bho"] = { "tiếng Bhojpur", 33268, "inc-eas", "Deva, Kthi", "Tiếng Bhojpur", "Bhojpur", ancestors = "bh", translit = { Deva = "bho-translit", Kthi = "bho-Kthi-translit", }, } m["bhp"] = { "tiếng Bima", 2796873, "poz-cet", "Latn", "Tiếng Bima", "Bima", } m["bhq"] = { "tiếng Tukang Besi Nam", 12643975, "poz-mun", "Latn", "Tiếng Tukang Besi Nam", "Tukang Besi Nam" } m["bhs"] = { "Buwal", 3515065, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", } m["bht"] = { "tiếng Bhattiyat", 4901452, "him", "Deva, Takr", "Tiếng Bhattiyat", "Bhattiyat", } m["bhu"] = { "tiếng Bhunjia", 8841766, "inc-eas", "Deva, Orya", "Tiếng Bhunjia", "Bhunjia", } m["bhv"] = { "Bahau", 3502039, "poz", "Latn", } m["bhw"] = { "Biak", 1961488, "poz-hce", "Latn", } m["bhx"] = { -- spurious? "Bhalay", 8840773, "inc", } m["bhy"] = { "Bhele", 4901671, "bnt-kbi", "Latn", } m["bhz"] = { "Bada", 4840520, "poz-kal", "Latn", } m["bia"] = { "Badimaya", 3442745, "aus-psw", "Latn", } m["bib"] = { "tiếng Bissa", 32934, "dmn-bbu", "Latn", "Tiếng Bissa", "Bissa", } m["bic"] = { "Bikaru", 56342, "paa-eng", "Latn", } m["bid"] = { "Bidiyo", 56258, "cdc-est", "Latn", } m["bie"] = { "Bepour", 4890914, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bif"] = { "Biafada", 35099, "alv-ten", "Latn", } m["big"] = { "Biangai", 8842027, "paa", "Latn", } m["bij"] = { "Kwanka", 35598, "nic-tar", "Latn", } m["bil"] = { "Bile", 34987, "nic-jrn", "Latn", } m["bim"] = { "Bimoba", 34971, "nic-grm", "Latn", } m["bin"] = { "tiếng Edo", 35375, "alv-eeo", "Latn", "Tiếng Edo", "Edo", entry_name = {remove_diacritics = c.acute .. c.grave .. c.macron .. c.dgrave}, sort_key = { from = {"ẹ", "gb", "gh", "kh", "kp", "mw", "nw", "ny", "ọ", "rh", "rr", "vb"}, to = {"e" .. p[1], "g" .. p[1], "g" .. p[2], "k" .. p[1], "k" .. p[2], "m" .. p[1], "n" .. p[1], "n" .. p[2], "o" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "r" .. p[1], "v" .. p[1]} }, } m["bio"] = { "Nai", 3508074, "paa-kwm", "Latn", } m["bip"] = { "Bila", 2902626, "bnt-kbi", "Latn", } m["biq"] = { "Bipi", 2904312, "poz-aay", "Latn", } m["bir"] = { "Bisorio", 8844749, "paa-eng", "Latn", } m["bit"] = { "Berinomo", 56447, "paa-spk", "Latn", } m["biu"] = { "Biete", 4904687, "tbq-kuk", "Latn", } m["biv"] = { "Southern Birifor", 32859745, "nic-mre", "Latn", } m["biw"] = { "Kol (Cameroon)", 35582, "bnt-mka", "Latn", } m["bix"] = { "tiếng Birjia", 3450686, "mun", "Deva", "Tiếng Birjia", "Birjia", translit = { Deva = "hi-translit" }, } m["biy"] = { "tiếng Birhor", 3450469, "mun", "Deva", "Tiếng Birhor", "Birhor", translit = { Deva = "hi-translit" }, } m["biz"] = { "Baloi", 3450590, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["bja"] = { "Budza", 3046889, "bnt-bun", "Latn", } m["bjb"] = { "Barngarla", 3439071, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["bjc"] = { "Bariji", 4690919, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bje"] = { "Biao-Jiao Mien", 3503800, "hmx-mie", "Hani, Latn", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["bjf"] = { "tiếng Tân Aram Do Thái Barzani", 33234, "sem-nna", "Hebr", -- maybe others "Tiếng Tân Aram Do Thái Barzani", "Tân Aram Do Thái Barzani", } m["bjg"] = { "Bidyogo", 35365, "alv-bak", "Latn", } m["bjh"] = { "Bahinemo", 56361, "paa-spk", "Latn", } m["bji"] = { "tiếng Burji", 34999, "cus-hec", "Latn, Ethi", "Tiếng Burji", "Burji", } m["bjj"] = { "tiếng Kannauj", 2726867, "inc-hiw", "Deva", "Tiếng Kannauj", "Kannauj", ancestors = "inc-ohi", } m["bjk"] = { "Barok", 2884743, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bjl"] = { "Bulu (New Guinea)", 4997162, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bjm"] = { "Bajelani", 4848866, "ira-zgr", "Latn, Arab", ancestors = "hac", } m["bjn"] = { "tiếng Banjar", 33151, "poz-mly", "Latn, Arab", "Tiếng Banjar", "Banjar", } m["bjo"] = { "Mid-Southern Banda", 42303990, "bad-cnt", "Latn", } m["bjp"] = { "Fanamaket", nil, "poz-oce", "Latn", } m["bjr"] = { "Binumarien", 538364, "paa-kag", "Latn", } m["bjs"] = { "Bajan", 2524014, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["bjt"] = { "tiếng Balanta-Ganja", 19359034, "alv-bak", "Arab, Latn", "Tiếng Balanta-Ganja", "Balanta-Ganja", } m["bju"] = { "Busuu", 35046, "nic-fru", "Latn", } m["bjv"] = { "tiếng Bedjond", 8829831, "csu-sar", "Latn", "Tiếng Bedjond", "Bedjond", } m["bjw"] = { "Bakwé", 34899, "kro-ekr", "Latn", } m["bjx"] = { "Banao Itneg", 12627559, "phi", "Latn", } m["bjy"] = { "Bayali", 4874263, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["bjz"] = { "Baruga", 2886189, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bka"] = { "Kyak", 35653, "alv-bwj", "Latn", } m["bkc"] = { "Baka", 34905, "nic-nkb", "Latn", } m["bkd"] = { "tiếng Binukid", 4914553, "mno", "Latn", "Tiếng Binukid", "Binukid", } m["bkf"] = { "Beeke", 3441375, "bnt-kbi", "Latn", } m["bkg"] = { "Buraka", 35066, "nic-nkg", "Latn", } m["bkh"] = { "Bakoko", 34866, "bnt-bsa", "Latn", } m["bki"] = { "tiếng Baki", 11024697, "poz-vnc", "Latn", "Tiếng Baki", "Baki", } m["bkj"] = { "Pande", 36263, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["bkk"] = { -- written in Balti script "Brokskat", 2925988, "inc-shn", } m["bkl"] = { "tiếng Berik", 378743, "paa-tkw", "Latn", "Tiếng Berik", "Berik", } m["bkm"] = { "tiếng Itaŋikom", 1656595, "nic-rnc", "Latn", "Tiếng Itaŋikom", "Itaŋikom", } m["bkn"] = { "Bukitan", 3446774, "poz-bnn", "Latn", } m["bko"] = { "Kwa'", 35567, "bai", "Latn", } m["bkp"] = { "Iboko", 35089, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["bkq"] = { "Bakairí", 56846, "sai-pek", "Latn", } m["bkr"] = { "tiếng Bakumpai", 3436626, "poz-brw", "Latn", } m["bks"] = { "Masbate Sorsogon", 16113356, "phi", "Latn", } m["bkt"] = { "tiếng Boloki", 4144560, "bnt-zbi", "Latn", ancestors = "lse", } m["bku"] = { "tiếng Buhid", 1002956, "phi", "Latn, Buhd", "Tiếng Buhid", "Buhid", translit = { Buhd = "bku-translit", }, override_translit = true, entry_name = { Latn = { remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute .. c.circ, } }, sort_key = { Latn = "tl-sortkey", }, standardChars = { Latn = "AaBbKkDdEeFfGgHhIiLlMmNnOoPpRrSsTtUuWwYy" .. c.punc, }, } m["bkv"] = { "Bekwarra", 34954, "nic-ben", "Latn", } m["bkw"] = { "Bekwel", 34950, "bnt-bek", "Latn", } m["bkx"] = { "Baikeno", 11200640, "poz-tim", "Latn", } m["bky"] = { "Bokyi", 35087, "nic-ben", "Latn", } m["bkz"] = { "tiếng Bungku", 2928207, "poz-btk", "Latn", "Tiếng Bungku", "Bungku" } m["bla"] = { "tiếng Blackfoot", 33060, "alg", "Latn, Cans", "Tiếng Blackfoot", "Blackfoot", } m["blb"] = { "tiếng Bilua", 35003, "ngf", "Latn", "Tiếng Bilua", "Bilua", } m["blc"] = { "tiếng Bella Coola", 977808, "sal", "Latn", "Tiếng Bella Coola", "Bella Coola", } m["bld"] = { "Bolango", 3450578, "phi", "Latn", } m["ble"] = { "tiếng Balanta-Kentohe", 56789, "alv-bak", "Latn", "Tiếng Balanta-Kentohe", "Balanta-Kentohe", } m["blf"] = { "Buol", 2928278, "phi", "Latn", } m["blg"] = { "Balau", 4850134, "poz-mly", "Latn", } m["blh"] = { "tiếng Kuwaa", 35579, "kro", "Latn", "Tiếng Kuwaa", "Kuwaa", } m["bli"] = { "Bolia", 34910, "bnt-mon", "Latn", } m["blj"] = { "Bolongan", 9229310, "poz", "Latn", } m["blk"] = { "tiếng Pa'O", 7121294, "kar", "Mymr", "Tiếng Pa'O", "Pa'O", } m["bll"] = { "Biloxi", 2903780, "sio-ohv", "Latn", } m["blm"] = { "tiếng Beli", 56821, "csu-bbk", "Latn", "Tiếng Beli", "Beli", } m["bln"] = { "Southern Catanduanes Bicolano", 7569754, "phi", "Latn", } m["blo"] = { "tiếng Anii", 34838, "alv-ntg", "Latn", "Tiếng Anii", "Anii", } m["blp"] = { "Blablanga", 2905245, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["blq"] = { "Baluan-Pam", 2881675, "poz-aay", "Latn", } m["blr"] = { "tiếng Blang", 4925096, "mkh-pal", "Latn, Tale, Lana, Thai", "Tiếng Blang", "Blang", sort_key = { -- FIXME: This needs to be converted into the current standardized format. from = {"[%pᪧๆ]", "[᩠ᩳ-᩿]", "ᩔ", "ᩕ", "ᩖ", "ᩘ", "([ᨭ-ᨱ])ᩛ", "([ᨷ-ᨾ])ᩛ", "ᩤ", "[็-๎]", "([เแโใไ])([ก-ฮ])"}, to = {"", "", "ᩈᩈ", "ᩁ", "ᩃ", "ᨦ", "%1ᨮ", "%1ᨻ", "ᩣ", "", "%2%1"} }, } m["bls"] = { "tiếng Balaesang", 4849796, "poz", "Latn", } m["blt"] = { "tiếng Thái Đen", 56407, "tai-swe", "Tavt, Latn", "Tiếng Thái Đen", "Thái Đen", --translit = "Tavt-translit", sort_key = { Tavt = { from = {"[꪿ꫀ꫁ꫂ]", "([ꪵꪶꪹꪻꪼ])([ꪀ-ꪯ])"}, to = {"", "%2%1"} }, }, } m["blv"] = { "Kibala", 4939959, "bnt-kmb", "Latn", } m["blw"] = { "Balangao", 4850033, "phi", "Latn", } m["blx"] = { "Mag-Indi Ayta", 1931221, "phi", "Latn", } m["bly"] = { "Notre", 11009194, "nic-wov", "Latn", } m["blz"] = { "tiếng Balantak", 4850053, "poz-slb", "Latn", "Tiếng Balantak", "Balantak", } m["bma"] = { "Lame", 3913997, "nic-jrn", "Latn", } m["bmb"] = { "tiếng Bembe", 4885023, "bnt-lgb", "Latn", } m["bmc"] = { "Biem", 4904523, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bmd"] = { "Baga Manduri", 35815, "alv-bag", "Latn", } m["bme"] = { "Limassa", 11004666, "nic-nkb", "Latn", } m["bmf"] = { "Bom", 35088, "alv-mel", "Latn", } m["bmg"] = { "Bamwe", 34867, "bnt-bun", "Latn", } m["bmh"] = { "Kein", 6383764, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bmi"] = { "tiếng Bagirmi", 34903, "csu-bgr", "Latn", "Tiếng Bagirmi", "Bagirmi", } m["bmj"] = { "Bote-Majhi", 9229570, "inc-eas", "Deva", ancestors = "bh", } m["bmk"] = { "Ghayavi", 5555976, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bml"] = { "Bomboli", 35055, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["bmn"] = { "Bina", 8843664, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bmo"] = { "Bambalang", 34868, "nic-nun", "Latn", } m["bmp"] = { "Bulgebi", 4996380, "ngf-fin", "Latn", } m["bmq"] = { "tiếng Bomu", 35065, "nic-bwa", "Latn", "Tiếng Bomu", "Bomu", } m["bmr"] = { "Muinane", 3027894, "sai-bor", "Latn", } m["bmt"] = { "Biao Mon", 8842159, "hmx-mie", } m["bmu"] = { "Somba-Siawari", 5000983, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bmv"] = { "tiếng Bum", 35058, "nic-rnc", "Latn", "Tiếng Bum", "Bum", } m["bmw"] = { "Bomwali", 34984, "bnt-ndb", "Latn", } m["bmx"] = { "Baimak", 3450546, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bmz"] = { "Baramu", 4858315, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bna"] = { "Bonerate", 4941729, "poz-mun", "Latn", } m["bnb"] = { "Bookan", 4943150, "poz-san", "Latn", } m["bnd"] = { "Banda", 3504147, "poz-cma", "Latn", } m["bne"] = { "Bintauna", 4914533, "phi", "Latn", } m["bnf"] = { "Masiwang", 6783305, "poz-cma", "Latn", } m["bng"] = { "Benga", 34952, "bnt-saw", "Latn", } m["bni"] = { "tiếng Bangi", 34936, "bnt-bmo", "Latn", "Tiếng Bangi", "Bangi", } m["bnj"] = { "Eastern Tawbuid", 18757427, "phi", "Latn", } m["bnk"] = { "Bierebo", 2902029, "poz-vnc", "Latn", } m["bnl"] = { "tiếng Boon", 56616, "cus-eas", "Latn", "Tiếng Boon", "Boon", } m["bnm"] = { "Batanga", 34979, "bnt-saw", "Latn", } m["bnn"] = { "tiếng Bunun", 56505, "map", "Latn", "Tiếng Bunun", "Bunun", } m["bno"] = { "tiếng Asi", 29490, "phi", "Latn", "Tiếng Asi", "Asi", } m["bnp"] = { "tiếng Bola", 4938876, "poz-ocw", "Latn", "Tiếng Bola", "Bola", } m["bnq"] = { "Bantik", 2883521, "poz", "Latn", } m["bnr"] = { "Butmas-Tur", 2928942, "poz-vnc", "Latn", } m["bns"] = { "Bundeli", 56399, "inc-hiw", "Deva", ancestors = "inc-ohi", translit = "hi-translit", } m["bnu"] = { "Bentong", 4890644, "poz-ssw", "Latn", } m["bnv"] = { "Beneraf", 4941733, "paa-tkw", "Latn", } m["bnw"] = { "Bisis", 56356, "paa-spk", "Latn", } m["bnx"] = { "Bangubangu", 3438330, "bnt-lbn", "Latn", } m["bny"] = { "Bintulu", 3450775, "poz-swa", "Latn", } m["bnz"] = { "Beezen", 35083, "nic-ykb", "Latn", } m["boa"] = { "tiếng Bora", 2375468, "sai-bor", "Latn", "Tiếng Bora", "Bora", } m["bob"] = { "tiếng Aweer", 56526, "cus-som", "Latn", "Tiếng Aweer", "Aweer", } m["boe"] = { "tiếng Mundabli", 36127, "nic-beb", "Latn", "Tiếng Mundabli", "Mundabli", } m["bof"] = { "Bolon", 3913301, "dmn-emn", "Latn", } m["bog"] = { "Bamako Sign Language", 4853284, "sgn", } m["boh"] = { "North Boma", 35080, "bnt-bdz", "Latn", } m["boi"] = { "Barbareño", 56391, "nai-chu", "Latn", } m["boj"] = { "Anjam", 3504136, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bok"] = { "Bonjo", 34942, "alv", "Latn", } m["bol"] = { "Bole", 3436680, "cdc-wst", "Latn", } m["bom"] = { "Berom", 35013, "nic-beo", "Latn", } m["bon"] = { "Bine", 4914077, "paa", "Latn", } m["boo"] = { "Tiemacèwè Bozo", 12643582, "dmn-snb", "Latn", -- and others? } m["bop"] = { "Bonkiman", 4942134, "ngf-fin", "Latn", } m["boq"] = { "Bogaya", 7207578, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bor"] = { "tiếng Borôro", 32986, "sai-mje", "Latn", "Tiếng Borôro", "Borôro", } m["bot"] = { "tiếng Bongo", 2910067, "csu-bbk", "Latn", } m["bou"] = { "Bondei", 4941378, "bnt-seu", "Latn", } m["bov"] = { "tiếng Tuwuli", 36974, "alv-ktg", "Latn", "Tiếng Tuwuli", "Tuwuli", } m["bow"] = { "Rema", 7311502, "paa", "Latn", } m["box"] = { "Buamu", 35157, "nic-bwa", "Latn", } m["boy"] = { "Bodo (Central Africa)", 4936715, "bnt-leb", "Latn", } m["boz"] = { "Tiéyaxo Bozo", 32860401, "dmn-snb", "Latn", } m["bpa"] = { "Dakaka", 1157729, "poz-vnc", "Latn", } m["bpd"] = { "Banda-Banda", 3450674, "bad-cnt", "Latn", } m["bpg"] = { "Bonggo", 4941860, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bph"] = { "tiếng Botlikh", 56560, "cau-and", "Cyrl", "Tiếng Botlikh", "Botlikh", translit = "cau-nec-translit", override_translit = true, display_text = {Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-displaytext"]}, entry_name = {Cyrl = s["cau-Cyrl-entryname"]}, } m["bpi"] = { "Bagupi", 3450697, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bpj"] = { "Binji", 4914403, "bnt-lbn", "Latn", } m["bpk"] = { "Orowe", 7103905, "poz-cln", "Latn", } m["bpl"] = { "Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin", 4975277, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ms", } m["bpm"] = { "Biyom", 4919327, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bpn"] = { "Dzao Min", 3042189, "hmx-mie", } m["bpo"] = { "Anasi", 11207813, "paa-egb", "Latn", } m["bpp"] = { "Kaure", 20526532, "paa", "Latn", } m["bpq"] = { "Banda Malay", 12473442, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ms", } m["bpr"] = { "Koronadal Blaan", 16115430, "phi", "Latn", } m["bps"] = { "Sarangani Blaan", 16117272, "phi", "Latn", } m["bpt"] = { "Barrow Point", 2567916, "aus-pmn", "Latn", } m["bpu"] = { "Bongu", 4941930, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bpv"] = { "Bian Marind", 8841889, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bpx"] = { "Palya Bareli", 7128872, "inc-bhi", "Deva", translit = "hi-translit", } m["bpy"] = { "tiếng Bishnupriya", 37059, "inc-eas", "Beng", "Tiếng Bishnupriya", "Bishnupriya", ancestors = "inc-obn", } m["bpz"] = { "Bilba", 8843362, "poz-tim", "Latn", } m["bqa"] = { "Tchumbuli", 11008162, "alv-ctn", "Latn", ancestors = "ak", } m["bqb"] = { "Bagusa", 4842178, "paa-tkw", "Latn", } m["bqc"] = { "tiếng Boko", 34983, "dmn-bbu", "Latn", "Tiếng Boko", "Boko", } m["bqd"] = { "Bung", 3436612, "nic-bdn", "Latn", } m["bqf"] = { "Baga Kaloum", 3502293, "alv-bag", "Latn", } m["bqg"] = { "Bago-Kusuntu", 34878, "nic-gne", } m["bqh"] = { "Baima", 674990, "sit-qia", } m["bqi"] = { "tiếng Bakhtiari", 257829, "ira-swi", "fa-Arab", "Tiếng Bakhtiari", "Bakhtiari", ancestors = "pal", } m["bqj"] = { "Bandial", 34872, "alv-jol", "Latn", } m["bqk"] = { "Banda-Mbrès", 3450724, "bad-cnt", "Latn", } m["bql"] = { "Bilakura", 4907504, "ngf-mad", "Latn", } m["bqm"] = { "Wumboko", 37051, "bnt-kpw", "Latn", } m["bqn"] = { "Bulgarian Sign Language", 3438325, "sgn", } m["bqo"] = { "Balo", 34865, "nic-grs", "Latn", } m["bqp"] = { "tiếng Busa", 35185, "dmn-bbu", "Latn", "Tiếng Busa", "Busa", } m["bqq"] = { "Biritai", 56382, "paa-lkp", "Latn", } m["bqr"] = { "Burusu", 5001028, "poz-san", "Latn", } m["bqs"] = { "Bosngun", 56838, "paa", "Latn", } m["bqt"] = { "Bamukumbit", 35078, "nic-nge", "Latn", } m["bqu"] = { "Boguru", 3438444, "bnt-boa", "Latn", } m["bqv"] = { "Begbere-Ejar", 7194098, "nic-plc", "Latn", } m["bqw"] = { "Buru (Nigeria)", 1017152, "nic-bds", "Latn", } m["bqx"] = { "Baangi", 3450648, "nic-kam", "Latn", } m["bqy"] = { "Bengkala Sign Language", 3322119, "sgn", } m["bqz"] = { "tiếng Bakaka", 34855, "bnt-mne", "Latn", "Tiếng Bakaka", "Bakaka", } m["bra"] = { "tiếng Braj", 35243, "inc-hiw", "Deva", "Tiếng Braj", "Braj", ancestors = "inc-ohi", translit = "hi-translit", } m["brb"] = { "tiếng Brâu", 4957737, "mkh-ban", "Khmr, Latn", "Tiếng Brâu", "Brâu" } m["brc"] = { "tiếng Creole Hà Lan Berbice", 35215, "crp", "Latn", "Tiếng Creole Hà Lan Berbice", "Creole Hà Lan Berbice", ancestors = "nl", } m["brd"] = { "Baraamu", 56804, "sit-new", "Deva", } m["brf"] = { "Bera", 2896850, "bnt-kbi", "Latn", } m["brg"] = { "Baure", 2839722, "awd", "Latn", } m["brh"] = { "tiếng Brahui", 33202, "dra-nor", "ur-Arab, Latn", "Tiếng Brahui", "Brahui", translit = {["ur-Arab"] = "ur-translit"}, entry_name = { -- character "ۂ" code U+06C2 to "ه" and "هٔ"‎ (U+0647 + U+0654) to "ه"; hamzatu l-waṣli to a regular alif from = {"هٔ", "ۂ", "ٱ"}, to = {"ہ", "ہ", "ا"}, remove_diacritics = c.fathatan .. c.dammatan .. c.kasratan .. c.fatha .. c.damma .. c.kasra .. c.shadda .. c.sukun .. c.nunghunna .. c.superalef }, } m["bri"] = { "Mokpwe", 36428, "bnt-kpw", "Latn", } m["brj"] = { "Bieria", 4904607, "poz-vnc", "Latn", } m["brk"] = { "Birgid", 56823, "nub", "Latn", } m["brl"] = { "Birwa", 3501019, "bnt-sts", "Latn", } m["brm"] = { "Barambu", 34893, "znd", "Latn", } m["brn"] = { "Boruca", 4946773, "cba", "Latn", } m["bro"] = { "tiếng Brokkat", 56605, "sit-tib", "Tibt, Latn", "Tiếng Brokkat", "Brokkat", translit = {Tibt = "Tibt-translit"}, override_translit = true, display_text = {Tibt = s["Tibt-displaytext"]}, entry_name = {Tibt = s["Tibt-entryname"]}, sort_key = {Tibt = "Tibt-sortkey"}, } m["brp"] = { "Barapasi", 56995, "paa-egb", "Latn", } m["brq"] = { "tiếng Breri", 4961835, "paa", "Latn", "Tiếng Breri", "Breri", } m["brr"] = { "tiếng Birao", 2904383, "poz-sls", "Latn", "Tiếng Birao", "Birao", } m["brs"] = { "Baras", 8827053, "poz", "Latn", } m["brt"] = { "Bitare", 34946, "nic-tvn", "Latn", } m["bru"] = { "tiếng Bru", 16115463, "mkh-kat", "Latn, Laoo, Thai", "Tiếng Bru", "Bru", sort_key = { Laoo = "Laoo-sortkey", Thai = "Thai-sortkey", }, } m["brv"] = { "tiếng Bru Tây", 16113806, "mkh-kat", "Latn, Laoo, Thai", "Tiếng Bru Tây", "Bru Tây", sort_key = { Laoo = "Laoo-sortkey", Thai = "Thai-sortkey", }, } m["brw"] = { "tiếng Bellara", 4883496, "dra-tlk", "Knda, Mlym", "Tiếng Bellara", "Bellara", translit = { Knda = "kn-translit", Mlym = "ml-translit", }, } m["brx"] = { "tiếng Bodo (Ấn Độ)", 33223, "tbq-bdg", "Deva, Latn, Beng", "Tiếng Bodo (Ấn Độ)", "Bodo (Ấn Độ)", translit = {Deva = "brx-translit"}, } m["bry"] = { "Burui", 5000976, "paa-spk", "Latn", } m["brz"] = { "Bilbil", 4907473, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bsa"] = { "tiếng Abinomn", 56648, "qfa-iso", "Latn", "Tiếng Abinomn", "Abinomn", } m["bsb"] = { "Brunei Bisaya", 3450611, "poz-san", "Latn", } m["bsc"] = { "tiếng Bassari", 35098, "alv-ten", "Latn", "Tiếng Bassari", "Bassari", } m["bse"] = { "Wushi", 36973, "nic-rnn", "Latn", } m["bsf"] = { "Bauchi", 34974, "nic-shi", "Latn", } m["bsg"] = { "Bashkardi", 33030, "ira-swi", "fa-Arab, Latn", } m["bsh"] = { "Kamkata-viri", 2605045, "nur-nor", "Latn, Arab", } m["bsi"] = { "Bassossi", 34940, "bnt-mne", "Latn", } m["bsj"] = { "Bangwinji", 3446631, "alv-wjk", "Latn", } m["bsk"] = { "tiếng Burushaski", 216286, "qfa-iso", "Arab", "Tiếng Burushaski", "Burushaski", } m["bsl"] = { "Basa-Gumna", 4866150, "nic-bas", "Latn", } m["bsm"] = { "Busami", 5001255, "poz-hce", "Latn", } m["bsn"] = { "Barasana", 2883843, "sai-tuc", "Latn", } m["bso"] = { "Buso", 3441370, "cdc-est", "Latn", } m["bsp"] = { "Baga Sitemu", 36466, "alv-bag", "Latn", } m["bsq"] = { "tiếng Bassa", 34949, "kro-wkr", "Latn, Bass", "Tiếng Bassa", "Bassa", } m["bsr"] = { "Bassa-Kontagora", 4866152, "nic-bas", "Latn", } m["bss"] = { "tiếng Akoose", 34806, "bnt-mne", "Latn", "Tiếng Akoose", "Akoose", } m["bst"] = { "tiếng Basketo", 56531, "omv-ome", "Ethi", "Tiếng Basketo", "Basketo", } m["bsu"] = { "Bahonsuai", 2879298, "poz-btk", "Latn", } m["bsv"] = { "Baga Sobané", 3450433, "alv-bag", "Latn", } m["bsw"] = { "tiếng Baiso", 56615, "cus-som", "Latn", "Tiếng Baiso", "Baiso", } m["bsx"] = { "Yangkam", 36922, "nic-tar", "Latn", } m["bsy"] = { "tiếng Bisaya Sabah", 12641557, "poz-san", "Latn", "Tiếng Bisaya Sabah", "Bisaya Sabah", } m["bta"] = { "Bata", 56254, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", } m["btc"] = { "Bati (Cameroon)", 34944, "nic-mbw", "Latn", } m["btd"] = { "Dairi Batak", 2891045, "btk", "Latn, Batk", } m["bte"] = { "Gamo-Ningi", 5520366, "nic-jer", "Latn", } m["btf"] = { "tiếng Birgit", 56302, "cdc-est", "Latn", "Tiếng Birgit", "Birgit", } m["btg"] = { "Gagnoa Bété", 11005602, "kro-bet", "Latn", } m["bth"] = { "tiếng Bidayuh Biatah", 2900881, "day", "Latn", "Tiếng Bidayuh Biatah", "Bidayuh Biatah", } m["bti"] = { "Burate", 56900, "paa-egb", "Latn", } m["btj"] = { "tiếng Mã Lai Bacan", 8828608, "poz-mly", "Latn", "Tiếng Mã Lai Bacan", "Mã Lai Bacan", } m["btm"] = { "Mandailing Batak", 2891049, "btk", "Latn, Batk", } m["btn"] = { "tiếng Ratagnon", 13197, "phi", "Latn", "Tiếng Ratagnon", "Ratagnon", } m["bto"] = { "Iriga Bicolano", 12633026, "phi", "Latn", } m["btp"] = { "Budibud", 4985086, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["btq"] = { "tiếng Batek", 860315, "mkh-asl", "Latn", "Tiếng Batek", "Batek" } m["btr"] = { "Baetora", 2878874, "poz-vnc", "Latn", } m["bts"] = { "tiếng Batak Simalungun", 2891054, "btk", "Latn, Batk", "Tiếng Batak Simalungun", "Batak Simalungun", } m["btt"] = { "Bete-Bendi", 4887064, "nic-ben", "Latn", } m["btu"] = { "Batu", 34964, "nic-tvn", "Latn", } m["btv"] = { "Bateri", 3812564, "inc-koh", "Deva", } m["btw"] = { "tiếng Butuanon", 5003156, "phi", "Latn", "Tiếng Butuanon", "Butuanon", } m["btx"] = { "Karo Batak", 33012, "btk", "Latn, Batk", } m["bty"] = { "Bobot", 3446788, "poz-cma", "Latn", } m["btz"] = { "Alas-Kluet Batak", 2891042, "btk", "Latn, Batk", } m["bua"] = { "tiếng Buryat", 33120, "xgn-cen", "Cyrl, Mong, Latn", "Tiếng Buryat", "Buryat", wikimedia_codes = "bxr", ancestors = "cmg", translit = { Cyrl = "bua-translit", Mong = "Mong-translit", }, override_translit = true, display_text = {Mong = s["Mong-displaytext"]}, entry_name = { Cyrl = {remove_diacritics = c.grave .. c.acute}, Mong = s["Mong-entryname"], }, sort_key = { Cyrl = { from = {"ё", "ө", "ү", "һ"}, to = {"е" .. p[1], "о" .. p[1], "у" .. p[1], "х" .. p[1]} }, }, } m["bub"] = { "Bua", 32928, "alv-bua", "Latn", } m["buc"] = { "tiếng Bushi", 32928, "poz-bre", "Latn, Arab", "Tiếng Bushi", "Bushi" } m["bud"] = { "tiếng Ntcham", 36266, "nic-grm", "Latn", "Tiếng Ntcham", "Ntcham", } m["bue"] = { "Beothuk", 56234, nil, "Latn", } m["buf"] = { "Bushoong", 3449964, "bnt-bsh", "Latn", } m["bug"] = { "tiếng Bugis", 33190, "poz-ssw", "Bugi, Latn", "Tiếng Bugis", "Bugis", } m["buh"] = { "Younuo Bunu", 56299, "hmn", "Latn", } m["bui"] = { "Bongili", 35084, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["buj"] = { "Basa-Gurmana", 6432515, "nic-bas", "Latn", } m["buk"] = { "Bukawa", 35043, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bum"] = { "Bulu (Cameroon)", 35028, "bnt-btb", "Latn", } m["bun"] = { "Sherbro", 36339, "alv-mel", "Latn", } m["buo"] = { "Terei", 56831, "paa-sbo", "Latn", } m["bup"] = { "Busoa", 5002001, "poz", "Latn", } m["buq"] = { "tiếng Brem", 4960502, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bus"] = { "tiếng Bokobaru", 9228931, "dmn-bbu", "Latn", "Tiếng Bokobaru", "Bokobaru", } m["but"] = { "Bungain", 3450623, "qfa-tor", "Latn", } m["buu"] = { "tiếng Budu", 3450207, "bnt-nya", "Latn", "Tiếng Budu", "Budu", } m["buv"] = { "Bun", 56351, "paa-yua", "Latn", } m["buw"] = { "Bubi", 35017, "bnt-tso", "Latn", } m["bux"] = { "tiếng Boghom", 3440412, "cdc-wst", "Latn", "Tiếng Boghom", "Boghom", } m["buy"] = { "Mmani", 35061, "alv-mel", "Latn", } m["bva"] = { "Barein", 56285, "cdc-est", "Latn", } m["bvb"] = { "tiếng Bube", 35110, "nic-bds", "Latn", "Tiếng Bube", "Bube", } m["bvc"] = { "Baelelea", 2878833, "poz-sls", "Latn", } m["bvd"] = { "Baeggu", 2878850, "poz-sls", "Latn", } m["bve"] = { "Berau Malay", 3915770, "poz-mly", "Latn", } m["bvf"] = { "Boor", 56250, "cdc-est", "Latn", } m["bvg"] = { "Bonkeng", 34958, "bnt-bbo", "Latn", } m["bvh"] = { "Bure", 56294, "cdc-wst", "Latn", } m["bvi"] = { "Belanda Viri", 35247, "nic-ser", "Latn", } m["bvj"] = { "Baan", 3515067, "nic-ogo", "Latn", } m["bvk"] = { "Bukat", 4986814, "poz-bnn", "Latn", } m["bvl"] = { "Bolivian Sign Language", 1783590, "sgn", "Latn", -- when documented } m["bvm"] = { "Bamunka", 34882, "nic-rnn", "Latn", } m["bvn"] = { "Buna", 3450516, "qfa-tor", "Latn", } m["bvo"] = { "Bolgo", 35038, "alv-bua", "Latn", } m["bvp"] = { "tiếng Bố Mang", 4997235, "mkh-pal", nil, "Tiếng Bố Mang", "Bố Mang" } m["bvq"] = { "Birri", 56514, "csu-bkr", "Latn", } m["bvr"] = { "Burarra", 4998124, "aus-arn", "Latn", } m["bvt"] = { "Bati (Indonesia)", 4869253, "poz-cma", "Latn", } m["bvu"] = { "Bukit Malay", 9230148, "poz-mly", "Latn", } m["bvv"] = { "Baniva", 3515198, "awd", "Latn", } m["bvw"] = { "Boga", 56262, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", } m["bvx"] = { "Babole", 35180, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["bvy"] = { "Baybayanon", 16839275, "phi", "Latn", } m["bvz"] = { "Bauzi", 56360, "paa-egb", "Latn", } m["bwa"] = { "Bwatoo", 9232446, "poz-cln", "Latn", } m["bwb"] = { "Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua", 3130290, "poz-occ", "Latn", } m["bwc"] = { "Bwile", 3447440, "bnt-sbi", "Latn", } m["bwd"] = { "Bwaidoka", 2929111, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bwe"] = { "tiếng Karen Bwe", 56994, "kar", "Mymr", "Tiếng Karen Bwe", "Karen Bwe", } m["bwf"] = { "Boselewa", 4947229, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bwg"] = { "Barwe", 8826802, "bnt-sna", "Latn", } m["bwh"] = { "Bishuo", 34973, "nic-fru", "Latn", } m["bwi"] = { "Baniwa", 3501735, "awd-nwk", "Latn", } m["bwj"] = { "tiếng Láá Láá Bwamu", 11017275, "nic-bwa", "Latn", "Tiếng Láá Láá Bwamu", "Láá Láá Bwamu", } m["bwk"] = { "Bauwaki", 4873607, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bwl"] = { "Bwela", 5003678, "bnt-bun", "Latn", } m["bwm"] = { "Biwat", 56352, "paa-yua", "Latn", } m["bwn"] = { "Wunai Bunu", 56452, "hmn", } m["bwo"] = { "tiếng Shinasha", 56260, "omv-gon", "Latn", "Tiếng Shinasha", "Shinasha", } m["bwp"] = { "Mandobo Bawah", 12636155, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bwq"] = { "Southern Bobo", 11001714, "dmn-snb", "Latn", } m["bwr"] = { "Bura", 56552, "cdc-cbm", "Latn", } m["bws"] = { "Bomboma", 9229429, "bnt-bun", "Latn", } m["bwt"] = { "Bafaw", 34853, "bnt-bbo", "Latn", } m["bwu"] = { "Buli (Ghana)", 35085, "nic-buk", "Latn", } m["bww"] = { "Bwa", 3515058, "bnt-bta", "Latn", } m["bwx"] = { "Bu-Nao Bunu", 56411, "hmn", "Latn", } m["bwy"] = { "Cwi Bwamu", 11150714, "nic-bwa", "Latn", } m["bwz"] = { "Bwisi", 35067, "bnt-sir", "Latn", } m["bxa"] = { "Bauro", 2892068, "poz-sls", "Latn", } m["bxb"] = { "Belanda Bor", 56678, "sdv-lon", "Latn", } m["bxc"] = { "Molengue", 13345, "bnt-kel", "Latn", } m["bxd"] = { "tiếng Pela", 57000, "tbq-brm", nil, "Tiếng Pela", "Pela", } m["bxe"] = { "tiếng Ongota", 36344, "qfa-unc", -- moribund, no academic consensus on classification; might be an isolate "Latn", } m["bxf"] = { "Bilur", 2903788, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bxg"] = { "Bangala", 34989, "bnt-bmo", "Latn", } m["bxh"] = { "Buhutu", 4986329, "poz-ocw", "Latn", } m["bxi"] = { "Pirlatapa", 10632195, "aus-kar", "Latn", } m["bxj"] = { "Bayungu", 10427485, "aus-psw", "Latn", } m["bxk"] = { "Bukusu", 32930, "bnt-msl", "Latn", } m["bxl"] = { "Jalkunan", 11009787, "dmn-jje", "Latn", } m["bxn"] = { "Burduna", 4998313, "aus-psw", "Latn", } m["bxo"] = { "Barikanchi", 3450802, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "ha", } m["bxp"] = { "Bebil", 34941, "bnt-btb", "Latn", } m["bxq"] = { "Beele", 56238, "cdc-wst", "Latn", } m["bxs"] = { "Busam", 35189, "nic-grs", "Latn", } m["bxv"] = { "Berakou", 56796, "csu-bgr", "Latn", } m["bxw"] = { "Banka", 3438402, "dmn-smg", "Latn", } m["bxz"] = { "Binahari", 4913840, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bya"] = { "Palawan Batak", 3450443, "phi", "Tagb", } m["byb"] = { "Bikya", 33257, "nic-fru", "Latn", } m["byc"] = { "Ubaghara", 36625, "nic-ucn", "Latn", } m["byd"] = { "Benyadu'", 11173588, "day", "Latn", } m["bye"] = { "Pouye", 7235814, "paa-spk", "Latn", } m["byf"] = { "Bete", 32932, "nic-ykb", "Latn", } m["byg"] = { "Baygo", 56836, "sdv-daj", "Latn", } m["byh"] = { "tiếng Bhujel", 56317, "sit-gma", "Deva", "Tiếng Bhujel", "Bhujel", } m["byi"] = { "tiếng Buyu", 5003401, "bnt-nyb", "Latn", "Tiếng Buyu", "Buyu", } m["byj"] = { "Binawa", 4913807, "nic-kau", "Latn", } m["byk"] = { "Biao", 4902547, "qfa-tak", "Latn", -- also Hani? } m["byl"] = { "Bayono", 3503856, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bym"] = { "Bidyara", 8842355, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["byn"] = { "tiếng Bilen", 56491, "cus-cen", "Ethi, Latn", "Tiếng Bilen", "Bilen", translit = {Ethi = "Ethi-translit"}, } m["byo"] = { "Biyo", 56848, "tbq-bka", "Latn, Hani", sort_key = {Hani = "Hani-sortkey"}, } m["byp"] = { "Bumaji", 4997234, "nic-ben", "Latn", } m["byq"] = { "tiếng Basay", 716647, "map", "Latn", "Tiếng Basay", "Basay", } m["byr"] = { "Baruya", 3450812, "ngf", "Latn", } m["bys"] = { "Burak", 4998097, "alv-bwj", "Latn", } m["byt"] = { "Berti", 35008, "ssa-sah", "Latn", } m["byv"] = { "tiếng Medumba", 36019, "bai", "Latn", "Tiếng Medumba", "Medumba", } m["byw"] = { "tiếng Belhariya", 32961, "sit-kie", "Deva", "Tiếng Belhariya", "Belhariya", } m["byx"] = { "Qaqet", 3503009, "paa-bng", "Latn", } m["byz"] = { "Banaro", 56858, "paa", "Latn", } m["bza"] = { "tiếng Bandi", 34912, "dmn-msw", "Latn", "Tiếng Bandi", "Bandi", } m["bzb"] = { "Andio", 4754487, "poz-slb", "Latn", } m["bzd"] = { "Bribri", 28400, "cba", "Latn", } m["bze"] = { "Jenaama Bozo", 10950633, "dmn-snb", "Latn", } m["bzf"] = { "Boikin", 56829, "paa-spk", "Latn", } m["bzg"] = { "tiếng Babuza", 716615, "map", "Latn", "Tiếng Babuza", "Babuza", } m["bzh"] = { "tiếng Buang Mapos", 2927370, "poz-ocw", "Latn", "Tiếng Buang Mapos", "Buang Mapos", } m["bzi"] = { "tiếng Bisu", 56852, "tbq-bis", "Latn, Thai", "Tiếng Bisu", "Bisu", sort_key = {Thai = "Thai-sortkey"}, } m["bzj"] = { "Belizean Creole", 1363055, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["bzk"] = { "Nicaraguan Creole", 3504097, "crp", "Latn", ancestors = "en", } m["bzl"] = { -- supposedly also called "Bolano", but I can find no evidence of that "Boano (Sulawesi)", 4931258, "poz", "Latn", } m["bzm"] = { "Bolondo", 35071, "bnt-bun", "Latn", } m["bzn"] = { "Boano (Maluku)", 4931255, "poz-cma", "Latn", } m["bzo"] = { "Bozaba", 4952785, "bnt-ngn", "Latn", } m["bzp"] = { "Kemberano", 12634399, "ngf-sbh", "Latn", } m["bzq"] = { "Buli (Indonesia)", 2927952, "poz-hce", "Latn", } m["bzr"] = { "Biri", 4087011, "aus-pam", "Latn", } m["bzs"] = { "Brazilian Sign Language", 3436689, "sgn", "Latn", } m["bzu"] = { "Burmeso", 56746, "paa-wpa", "Latn", } m["bzv"] = { "Bebe", 34977, "nic-bbe", "Latn", } m["bzw"] = { "Basa", 34898, "nic-bas", "Latn", } m["bzx"] = { "Hainyaxo Bozo", 11159536, "dmn-snb", "Latn", } m["bzy"] = { "Obanliku", 36276, "nic-ben", "Latn", } m["bzz"] = { "Evant", 35259, "nic-tvc", "Latn", } return require("Module:languages").finalizeData(m, "language") ifzf2igrufb5924ehe86zmy8am09fay Filippinler 0 273685 2573424 2082046 2026-10-25T14:46:14Z Hiyuune 50834 + crh, tk 2573424 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|crh}}== {{wp|crh:}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|crh|Danh từ riêng|g=p}} # {{tcl|crh|Philippines|id=Q928}} =={{langname|tk}}== {{tk-variant|c=Филиппинлер|l=Filippinler|a=فیلیپین}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{wp|tk:}} {{head|tk|Danh từ riêng|g=p}} # {{tcl|tk|Philippines|id=Q928}} 8is6m7xw37c8uxjuwm25g77yp2qjvq7 Mô đun:vot-pronunciation 828 276311 2573474 2366061 2026-10-25T15:35:11Z Hiyuune 50834 2573474 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} local m_vot = require("Module:vot-common") local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local gsub_lookahead = require("Module:gsub lookahead") local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local lang = m_vot.lang local find = m_str_utils.find local gsub = m_str_utils.gsub local len = m_str_utils.len local lower = m_str_utils.lower local match = m_str_utils.match local sub = m_str_utils.sub local U = m_str_utils.char local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility --- <<< DATA START >>> --- local LONG = "ː" local SEMILONG = "ˑ" local STRESS_PRIMARY = "ˈ" local STRESS_SECONDARY = "ˌ" local NEVER_STRESSED = "#" local FRONTAL = U(0x0308) local NONSYLLABIC = U(0x032F) local TIE = U(0x0361) local VERYSHORT = U(0x0306) local SCHWA_BACK = U(0xEEE0) local SCHWA_FRONT = U(0xEEE1) local SEMISCHWA_BACK = U(0xEEE2) local SEMISCHWA_FRONT = U(0xEEE3) local PALATAL = "ʲ" local IPA_VOWELS = "ɑeiouyæøɤɨ" .. SCHWA_BACK .. SCHWA_FRONT .. SEMISCHWA_BACK .. SEMISCHWA_FRONT local AUTO_STRESS = U(0xEEEE) local IPA_CONSONANTS = m_vot.consonants .. "ɫcčǰCɟɕʑɲʎïxʃɸ" local IPA_CONSONANTS_GEMINATABLE = m_vot.consonants_geminatable .. "ɫcčCɕʑɲʎxʃ" local PALATALIZE = m_vot.palatalize local PALATALIZE_WEAK = '"' local UNGEMINATE = "/" local SHIFT_STRESS = "*" local ANY_DIACRITICS = "[" .. U(0x0300) .. "-" .. U(0x036F) .. "]*" local SOME_DIACRITICS = "[" .. U(0x0300) .. "-" .. U(0x036F) .. "]+" local IPA_VOWEL = "[aõäöü" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "]" local broken_vowel_sequences = { "i" .. UNGEMINATE .. "i" } local additional_IPA_vowel_sequences = { "[ɑeouɤæøy]i", "[iouɤ]ɑ", "[iøye]æ", "[ɑoɤei]u", "[ɑu]ɤ", "[æøie]y", "[ɑiæy]e", "[ɑi]o", "ɑɑ", "yy", "ææ", "øø", "ɤɤ", "ɨɨ" } -- Creates a function g(t, ...) which applies f(t, ...) if t is string, -- and else applies f(t, ...) to all values in the table t. local function apply_on_factory(f) return function (t, ...) if type(t) == "string" then return (f(t, ...)) end local r = {} for _, v in ipairs(t) do table.insert(r, (f(v, ...))) end return r end end -- Apply function f(t, ...) which applies f(t, ...) if t is string, -- and else applies f(t, ...) to all values in the table t. local function apply_on(f, t, ...) if type(t) == "string" then return (f(t, ...)) end local r = {} for _, v in ipairs(t) do table.insert(r, (f(v, ...))) end return r end local gsub_all = apply_on_factory(gsub) local prepend = apply_on_factory(function (v, x) return x .. v end) local append = apply_on_factory(function (v, x) return v .. x end) --- <<< DATA END >>> --- --- <<< COMMON START >>> --- local function split_syllables(word, keep_sep_symbols) local res = {} local syllable = "" local pos = 1 local found_vowel = false while pos <= len(word) do if find(lower(word), "^t[sšʃ][" .. PALATAL .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. "]?" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then -- CV: end current syllable if we have found a vowel if found_vowel then if syllable then table.insert(res, syllable) end found_vowel = false syllable = "" end syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^t[sšʃ]", pos) then -- C: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^d[žʒ][" .. PALATAL .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. "]?" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then -- CV: end current syllable if we have found a vowel if found_vowel then if syllable then table.insert(res, syllable) end found_vowel = false syllable = "" end syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^d[žʒ]", pos) then -- C: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "][" .. PALATAL .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. "]?" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then -- CV: end current syllable if we have found a vowel if found_vowel then if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end found_vowel = false syllable = "" end syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "]", pos) then -- C: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then if found_vowel then -- already found a vowel, end current syllable if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end syllable = "" end found_vowel = true -- check for diphthongs or long vowels local seq_ok = false local seq_ok3 = false for k, v in pairs(broken_vowel_sequences) do if find(lower(word), "^" .. v, pos) then seq_ok3 = true break end end if not seq_ok3 then for k, v in pairs(m_vot.vowel_sequences) do if find(lower(word), "^" .. v, pos) then seq_ok = true break end end if not seq_ok then for k, v in pairs(additional_IPA_vowel_sequences) do if find(lower(word), "^" .. v, pos) then seq_ok = true break end end end end if seq_ok3 then syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 2) pos = pos + 3 elseif seq_ok then syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 else syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 end elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. PALATAL .. "]", pos) then syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. UNGEMINATE .. "]", pos) then syllable = syllable .. UNGEMINATE pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. m_vot.sep_symbols .. AUTO_STRESS .. NEVER_STRESSED .. "%*]", pos) then -- separates syllables if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end local sepchar = sub(word, pos, pos) syllable = keep_sep_symbols and sepchar or "" pos = pos + 1 found_vowel = false else -- ?: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 end end if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end return res end local function zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow) text = gsub(text, "'", PALATALIZE) text = gsub(text, PALATALIZE_WEAK, PALATAL) if narrow then text = gsub(text, "l(%(?[aouõ])", "ɫ%1") text = gsub(text, "lɫ", "ɫɫ") text = gsub(text, "([^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. STRESS_SECONDARY .. "%*-]+)", function (word) if find(word, "[aouõ]") then return gsub(word, "l(.?)", function (v) return (match(v, "[ieäöü" .. PALATALIZE .. "]") and "l" or "ɫ") .. v end) else return word end end) end if find(text, "ts") then text = gsub(text, "tts", "cc") text = gsub(text, "ts", "c") end if find(text, "tš") then text = gsub(text, "ttš", "čč") text = gsub(text, "tš", "č") end if find(text, "dž") then text = gsub(text, "ddž", "ǰǰ") text = gsub(text, "dž", "ǰ") end text = gsub(text, "φ", "ɸ") text = gsub(text, PALATALIZE .. "(" .. m_vot.consonants .. PALATALIZE .. ")", "%1") return text end local function first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = gsub(text, "n([-" .. AUTO_STRESS .. "]?[kg])", "ŋ%1") text = gsub(text, "n([-" .. AUTO_STRESS .. "]?[pb])", "m%1") text = gsub(text, "[aäöõüь’]", { ["a"] = "ɑ", ["ä"] = "æ", ["ö"] = "ø", ["õ"] = "ɤ", ["ü"] = "y", ["ь"] = "ɨ", -- ["-"] = STRESS_SECONDARY, }) return text end local function second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow, apical) text = gsub(text, "%" .. SHIFT_STRESS, STRESS_PRIMARY) text = gsub(text, LONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. LONG) text = gsub(text, SEMILONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. SEMILONG) text = gsub(text, PALATAL .. "+", PALATAL) text = gsub(text, "[cčǰCgïjšž" .. SCHWA_BACK .. SCHWA_FRONT .. SEMISCHWA_BACK .. SEMISCHWA_FRONT .. "]", { ["c"] = "t͡s", ["č"] = "t͡ʃ", ["C"] = "c", ["ǰ"] = "d͡ʒ", ["g"] = "ɡ", ["ï"] = narrow and "ʝ" or "j", ["j"] = narrow and "ʝ" or "j", ["š"] = apical and "ʂ" or "ʃ", ["ž"] = apical and "ʐ" or "ʒ", [SCHWA_BACK] = "ə̠", [SCHWA_FRONT] = "ə̟", [SEMISCHWA_BACK] = "ɤ̟", [SEMISCHWA_FRONT] = "e̠", }) text = gsub(text, "[lɫ]([lɫ])", "%1" .. LONG) return text end local function automatic_palatalization(text, palatalize_e, filter) -- , regressive_filter) text = gsub(text, "(" .. filter .. "+[" .. SEMILONG .. LONG .. "]?)([äöüi" .. (palatalize_e and "e" or "") .. SCHWA_FRONT .. "])", function (c1, v1) return c1 .. PALATAL .. v1 end) -- text = gsub(text, "(" .. regressive_filter .. "+)([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "]" .. PALATAL .. ")", function (c1, c2) -- return c1 .. PALATAL .. c2 -- end) return text end local full_palatal = { ["d"] = "ɟ", ["t"] = "C", -- workaround ["z"] = "ʑ", ["n"] = "ɲ", ["l"] = "ʎ", ["s"] = "ɕ" } local function manual_palatalization(text) if not find(text, PALATALIZE) then return text end text = gsub(text, "([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "])" .. PALATALIZE, function(c) return full_palatal[c] or c .. PALATAL end) text = gsub(text, PALATALIZE, "") text = gsub(text, PALATAL .. PALATAL, PALATAL) return text end local IPA_diphthongs = { "[ɑeouɤæøy]i", "[iouɤ]ɑ", "[iøye]æ", "[ɑoɤei]u", "[ɑu]ɤ", "[æøie]y", "[ɑiæy]e", "[ɑi]o", } local function long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = gsub(text, "([" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "])%1", "%1" .. LONG) for _, diphthong in ipairs(IPA_diphthongs) do local mod_diphthong if find(diphthong, "%]$") then mod_diphthong = gsub(diphthong, "(.)(%[[^%]]-%])", "%1" .. VERYSHORT .. "?%2") mod_diphthong = gsub(diphthong, "(%[[^%]]-%])(%[[^%]]-%])", "%1" .. VERYSHORT .. "?%2") else mod_diphthong = sub(diphthong, 1, -2) .. VERYSHORT .. "?" .. sub(diphthong, -1, -1) end text = gsub(text, "(" .. mod_diphthong .. ")", "%1" .. NONSYLLABIC) end return text end local function long_consonants(text) text = gsub(text, "(%a)" .. PALATAL .. "%1" .. PALATAL, "%1" .. PALATAL .. LONG) text = gsub(text, "(%a)%1", "%1" .. LONG) text = gsub(text, LONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. LONG) text = gsub(text, SEMILONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. SEMILONG) text = gsub(text, LONG .. SEMILONG, LONG) text = gsub(text, SEMILONG .. LONG, LONG) return text end local function add_primary_stress(text) text = gsub(text, AUTO_STRESS, "-") text = gsub(text, "-%.", "-") text = gsub(text, "-", STRESS_SECONDARY) text = STRESS_PRIMARY .. gsub(text, " ", " " .. STRESS_PRIMARY) text = gsub(text, STRESS_PRIMARY .. "([^ ]+" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. ")", "%1") return mw.ustring.toNFC(text) end local function is_stressed_syllable(syllable) return find(syllable, "^[ " .. AUTO_STRESS .. "%*-]") end local function is_explicitly_stressed_syllable(syllable) return find(syllable, "^[ %*-]") end local function add_secondary_stress(syllables, stress_last) local distance = 0 for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do if not stress_last and index == #syllables then break end local stressed = index == 1 or is_stressed_syllable(syllable) if stressed then distance = 0 else distance = distance + 1 if distance == 2 then distance = 0 if (index == #syllables or not is_stressed_syllable(syllables[index + 1])) and not find(syllable, NEVER_STRESSED) then syllables[index] = AUTO_STRESS .. syllable end end end end end local function clean_ungeminate(text) return gsub(text, UNGEMINATE, "") end local function do_gemination(syllables, diacritic, strict) local try_to_geminate = false for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = index == 1 or is_stressed_syllable(syllable) if try_to_geminate and not stressed then -- check if the initial consonant in this syllable is followed by a long vowel (if strict) or two vowels (if not strict) local rest = syllable .. (syllables[index + 1] or "") local match_start, _, match = find(rest, "^[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS_GEMINATABLE .. "]" .. PALATALIZE .. "?(" .. m_vot.vowel .. m_vot.vowel .. ")") if match_start and (not strict or sub(match, 1, 1) == sub(match, 2, 2)) then -- CVCVV -> CVC:VV local cg = select(3, find(syllable, "^([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS_GEMINATABLE .. "]" .. PALATALIZE .. "?)")) syllables[index - 1] = syllables[index - 1] .. cg syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "^" .. cg, diacritic) end end try_to_geminate = stressed and find(syllable, "^[ " .. AUTO_STRESS .. "-]?[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. PALATALIZE .. TIE .. "]*" .. m_vot.vowel .. "$") end end local function split_syllables_by_words(syllables) local i = 1 return function() local r = {} local e = i if e <= #syllables then table.insert(r, (gsub(syllables[e], "^%s+", ""))) e = e + 1 while e <= #syllables and not find(syllables[e], "^%s") do table.insert(r, syllables[e]) e = e + 1 end i = e return r end end end local function do_by_word_syllables(out_syllables, fn) local old_syllables = {} for k, v in pairs(out_syllables) do old_syllables[k] = v out_syllables[k] = nil end local next_word = false for syllables in split_syllables_by_words(old_syllables) do fn(syllables) for i, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do if next_word and i == 1 then table.insert(out_syllables, " " .. syllable) else table.insert(out_syllables, syllable) end end next_word = true end end local function reduce_final_syllable(syl) local allowed_finals = { "(" .. m_vot.consonant .. ")%1", "g[lɫnr]", "mp", "šk", "lt" } if not find(syl, m_vot.consonant .. m_vot.consonant .. PALATALIZE .. "?$") then return syl end for _, allowed_final in ipairs(allowed_finals) do if not find(syl, allowed_final .. PALATALIZE .. "?$") then return gsub(syl, PALATALIZE .. "$", "") end end return sub(gsub(syl, PALATALIZE .. "$", ""), 1, -2) end local function is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) return index == 1 or is_stressed_syllable(syllable) end local function is_syllable_explicitly_stressed_at(syllable, index) return index == 1 or is_explicitly_stressed_syllable(syllable) end local function do_reduction_word(syllables, narrow, reduce_completely) local prev_was_stressed = false local prev_was_long = false local syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 local final_vowel_dropped = false for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = is_syllable_explicitly_stressed_at(syllable, index) local rhythmically_stressed = not stressed and is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) local final = index == #syllables if stressed or rhythmically_stressed then syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 else syllables_since_last_stressed = syllables_since_last_stressed + 1 end prev_was_long = prev_was_long if not stressed and ((prev_was_stressed and prev_was_long) or (syllables_since_last_stressed > 1 or prev_was_long)) then syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. "+)(.*)", function (nucleus, coda) if find(nucleus, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. ")%1") then return sub(nucleus, 1, 1) .. coda end if not narrow then local broad_reduce = { ["a"] = "õ", ["ä"] = "e" } return (broad_reduce[nucleus] or nucleus) .. coda end --if find(nucleus, "i[aä]") then --return (syllable.find(PALATALIZE) and "" or PALATALIZE) .. sub(nucleus, 2) .. coda --end if find(nucleus, m_vot.vowel .. m_vot.vowel) then return nucleus .. coda end local reduced_final = { ["a"] = SCHWA_BACK, ["ä"] = SCHWA_FRONT } local reduced_nonfinal = { ["a"] = SEMISCHWA_BACK, ["ä"] = SEMISCHWA_FRONT } local is_final = gsub(coda, "%)", "") == "" and (index + 1 > #syllables or is_explicitly_stressed_syllable(syllables[index + 1])) local reduced = is_final and reduced_final or reduced_nonfinal if not reduced[nucleus] then return nucleus .. coda end if final and reduce_completely and #coda < 1 and match(nucleus, "[aä]") then if find(syllable, "j[aä]") then return reduced[nucleus] .. VERYSHORT end final_vowel_dropped = true return find(nucleus, "ä") and PALATAL or "" end return (reduced[nucleus] or nucleus) .. coda end) end -- reduce the next syllable only if the current syllable is stressed and heavy prev_was_stressed = stressed prev_was_long = find(syllable, m_vot.vowel .. "[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. m_vot.vowels .. "]") end if final_vowel_dropped then syllables[#syllables - 1] = reduce_final_syllable(syllables[#syllables - 1] .. syllables[#syllables]) syllables[#syllables] = nil end end local function do_reduction(syllables, narrow, reduce_completely) do_by_word_syllables(syllables, function(s) do_reduction_word(s, narrow, reduce_completely) end) end local diphthongize_broad = { ["e"] = "i" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "e", ["ɤ"] = "ɯ" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ɤ", ["o"] = "u" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "o", ["ø"] = "y" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ø" } local diphthongize_narrow = { ["e"] = "ɪ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "e", ["ɤ"] = "ɨ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ɤ", ["o"] = "ʊ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "o", ["ø"] = "ʏ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ø" } local function do_diphthongization_word(syllables, narrow, reduce_completely) for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "([eɤoø])%1", function (v) return ((narrow and not stressed) and diphthongize_narrow or diphthongize_broad)[v] end) end end local function do_diphthongization(syllables, narrow) do_by_word_syllables(syllables, function(s) do_diphthongization_word(s, narrow) end) end local function pass_diacritics_through(map, consonant) local consonant, diacritics = match(consonant, "([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "])([" .. PALATAL .. "]?)") return map[consonant] .. diacritics end local voiceless_sounds = "kptcčfsšh" local function do_voicing(text, always_devoiced) local devoice = { ["g"] = "k", ["b"] = "p", ["d"] = "t", ["z"] = "s", ["ž"] = "š", ["ʑ"] = "ɕ" } local semivoice = { ["g"] = "g̊", ["b"] = "b̥", ["d"] = "d̥", ["z"] = "z̥", ["ž"] = "ž̥", ["ʑ"] = "ɕ̊" } if always_devoiced then semivoice = devoice end local consonants_to_devoice = "[bdgzž][" .. PALATAL .. "]?" local vowel = "[" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "]" -- b/d/g/z/ž is semivoiced if it is not followed by anything text = gsub(text, "(" .. consonants_to_devoice .. ")$", function (consonant) return pass_diacritics_through(semivoice, consonant) end) -- b/d/g/z/ž is devoiced if it is followed by a voiceless sound text = gsub_lookahead(text, "(" .. consonants_to_devoice .. ")([%s" .. AUTO_STRESS .. "-]+)([" .. voiceless_sounds .. "])", function (consonant, space, after) return pass_diacritics_through(devoice, consonant) .. space, after end) return text end local palatalize_filter = "[dfghkmnprstvz]" local kattila_palatalize_filter = "[dlnrstz]" -- local regressive_palatalize_filter = "[dnrstz]" --- <<< COMMON END >>> --- --- <<< DIALECTS START >>> --- -- narrow_level 0 = broad, 1 = rhyme, 2 = narrow -- Luutsa, Liivčülä local function IPA_luutsa_liivcula(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) if narrow_level > 1 then do_gemination(syllables, LONG, false) do_reduction(syllables, true, false) end text = table.concat(syllables) if narrow_level > 0 then text = do_voicing(text) end if narrow_level > 1 then text = automatic_palatalization(text, true, palatalize_filter) -- , regressive_palatalize_filter) -- palatalization text = gsub(text, "h([kg])", "x%1") end text = clean_ungeminate(text) text = gsub(text, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) text = manual_palatalization(text) text = first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = long_consonants(text) text = second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) return add_primary_stress(text) end -- Jõgõperä local function IPA_jogopera(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 1 then -- Handle final (a)/(ä) text = gsub(text, "%(([aä])%)$", "%1") end if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) if narrow_level > 1 then do_gemination(syllables, LONG, false) do_reduction(syllables, true, true) end text = table.concat(syllables) if narrow_level > 0 then text = do_voicing(text) end if narrow_level > 1 then text = automatic_palatalization(text, false, palatalize_filter) -- , regressive_palatalize_filter) -- palatalization text = gsub(text, "h([kg])", "x%1") end text = clean_ungeminate(text) text = gsub(text, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) text = manual_palatalization(text) text = first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = long_consonants(text) text = second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) return add_primary_stress(text) end -- Central Votic (e.g. Kattila) local function IPA_central(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables, true) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local options = {text} if narrow_level > 1 then local old_text = text local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) do_gemination(syllables, SEMILONG, false) local new_text = table.concat(syllables) if new_text ~= old_text then table.insert(options, new_text) end end if narrow_level > 0 then options = apply_on(do_voicing, options) end if narrow_level > 1 then options = gsub_all(options, "h([kpt])", "H%1") options = gsub_all(options, "[hH]", {["h"] = "ɦ", ["H"] = "h"}) end options = apply_on(clean_ungeminate, options) options = gsub_all(options, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) options = apply_on(manual_palatalization, options) options = apply_on(first_round_of_common_replacements, options) if narrow_level > 0 then local old_text = options[1] local syllables = split_syllables(old_text, true) do_diphthongization(syllables, narrow_level > 1) local new_text = table.concat(syllables) if new_text ~= old_text then table.insert(options, 2, new_text) end end options = apply_on(long_vowels_and_diphthongs, options) options = apply_on(long_consonants, options) options = apply_on(second_round_of_common_replacements, options, narrow_level > 1, true) return apply_on(add_primary_stress, options) end -- Eastern Votic (e.g. Ičäpäivä) local function IPA_eastern(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables, true) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) if narrow_level > 1 then do_gemination(syllables, SEMILONG, false) end text = table.concat(syllables) if narrow_level > 0 then text = do_voicing(text) end if narrow_level > 1 then text = gsub(text, "h([kpt])", "H%1") text = gsub(text, "[hH]", {["h"] = "ɦ", ["H"] = "h"}) end text = clean_ungeminate(text) text = gsub(text, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) text = manual_palatalization(text) text = first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = long_consonants(text) text = second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1, true) return add_primary_stress(text) end --- <<< DIALECTS END >>> --- --- <<< INTERFACE START >>> --- local function cleanup_for_hyphenate(text) local no_hyph_symbols = "[" .. UNGEMINATE .. "%-]" return gsub(gsub(text, no_hyph_symbols, ""), "%*", ".") end local function run_reductions(text) local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables) local prev_was_stressed = false local prev_was_long = false local syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = is_syllable_explicitly_stressed_at(syllable, index) local rhythmically_stressed = not stressed and is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) local final = index == #syllables if stressed or rhythmically_stressed then syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 else syllables_since_last_stressed = syllables_since_last_stressed + 1 end prev_was_long = prev_was_long if not stressed and ((prev_was_stressed and prev_was_long) or (syllables_since_last_stressed > 1 or prev_was_long)) then syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. "+)(.*)", function (nucleus, coda) if find(nucleus, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. ")%1") then return sub(nucleus, 1, 1) .. coda end local broad_reduce = { ["a"] = "õ", ["ä"] = "e" } return (broad_reduce[nucleus] or nucleus) .. coda end) end -- reduce the next syllable only if the current syllable is stressed and heavy prev_was_stressed = stressed or rhythmically_stressed prev_was_long = find(syllable, m_vot.vowel .. "[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. m_vot.vowels .. "]") end return gsub(table.concat(syllables, ""), "[" .. NEVER_STRESSED .. AUTO_STRESS .. "]", "") end local function match_spelling_with_title_for_hyphenation(sp, title) return title end local function hyphenate_matches(sp, title) local resp = run_reductions(lower(gsub(gsub(sp, "%([aä]%)$", ""), "%*", "."))) resp = gsub(resp, "'", PALATALIZE) resp = gsub(resp, "([bdgzž])([kpsšt])", function(c1, c2) return ({b = "p", d = "t", g = "k", z = "s", ["ž"] = "š"})[c1] .. c2 end) resp = gsub(cleanup_for_hyphenate(resp), "%.", "") resp = gsub(resp, "([bdgzž])$", function(c) return ({b = "p", d = "t", g = "k", z = "s", ["ž"] = "š"})[c] end) title = lower(title) title = gsub(title, "([bdgzž])$", function(c) return ({b = "p", d = "t", g = "k", z = "s", ["ž"] = "š"})[c] end) return resp == title end local function hyphenate(text) return m_vot.split_syllables(cleanup_for_hyphenate(text)) end local function spell_long_consonants(text) text = gsub(text, "(t[sš])" .. "(" .. PALATALIZE .. "?)" .. LONG, function (c, p) return "t" .. c .. p end) text = gsub(text, "([" .. m_vot.consonants .. "])" .. "(" .. PALATALIZE .. "?)" .. LONG, function (c, p) return c .. c .. p end) text = gsub(text, "iï", "i") return text end local function generate_rhyme(tuple) local text = tuple.rhyme if type(text) == "table" then text = text[1] end local index = find(text, "[" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. STRESS_SECONDARY .. "][^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. STRESS_SECONDARY .. "]*$") if index ~= nil then text = sub(text, index + 1) end index = find(text, "[" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "]") if index == nil then return nil end return gsub(sub(text, index), "%(.-%)", "") end local function make_IPAs(fn, forms, varieties) local p = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms) do form = lower(form) local suffix = find(form, "^%-") local prefix = find(form, "%-$") if suffix then form = gsub(form, "^%-", "") end if prefix then form = gsub(form, "%-$", "") end local broad = fn(form, 0) local rhyme = fn(form, 1) local narrow = fn(form, 2) if prefix then broad = append(broad, "-") rhyme = nil narrow = append(narrow, "-") end if suffix then broad = prepend(gsub_all(broad, "^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY, ""), "-") rhyme = nil narrow = prepend(gsub_all(narrow, "^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY, ""), "-") end table.insert(p, { broad = broad, rhyme = rhyme, narrow = narrow }) end local result = { forms = p, varieties = varieties } return result end local function link_varieties(varieties) local result = {} for _, variety in ipairs(varieties) do table.insert(result, "[[Appendix:Votic dialects#" .. variety .. "|" .. variety .. "]]") end return result end local function format_IPAs(tuple, title, has_spaces) local dialects = require("Module:accent qualifier").format_qualifiers(lang, link_varieties(tuple.varieties)) local p = {} local sep = nil local function format_IPA_list(prefix, forms, suffix) if type(forms) == "table" then for _, f in ipairs(forms) do table.insert(p, { pron = prefix .. f .. suffix, separator = sep }) sep = " ~ " end else table.insert(p, { pron = prefix .. forms .. suffix, separator = sep }) end end for _, form in ipairs(tuple.forms) do sep = nil format_IPA_list("/", form.broad, "/") sep = nil format_IPA_list("[", form.narrow, "]") end return "* " .. dialects .. " " .. m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = p, no_count = has_spaces } end local function get_arg_list(param, fallback, allow_dash, required) if not param or #param == 0 then return required and fallback or nil end if not allow_dash and #param == 1 and param[1] == "-" then return nil end if #param == 1 and param[1] == "+" then return fallback end return param end local varieties = { ["Lu"] = { "Luutsa", IPA_luutsa_liivcula }, ["Li"] = { "Liivčülä", IPA_luutsa_liivcula }, ["J"] = { "Jõgõperä", IPA_jogopera }, ["C"] = { "phương ngữ miền Trung tiếng Vot", IPA_central }, ["E"] = { "phương ngữ miền Đông tiếng Vot", IPA_eastern }, } local variety_groups = { { "LL", {"Lu", "Li"}, true }, { nil, "J", false }, { nil, "C", false }, { nil, "E", false }, } local varieties_merged = {} for _, group in ipairs(variety_groups) do if group[1] then varieties_merged[group[1]] = group[2] end end local function get_variety(variety_code) if varieties[variety_code] then local name, fn = unpack(varieties[variety_code]) return name, fn, { name } end if varieties_merged[variety_code] then local subvarieties = varieties_merged[variety_code] local names = {} local fn = nil for _, subvariety_code in ipairs(subvarieties) do local subvariety_name, subvariety_fn = unpack(varieties[subvariety_code]) fn = subvariety_fn table.insert(names, subvariety_name) end return table.concat(names, ", "), fn, names end error("Unrecognized variety code: " .. variety_code) end function export.get_variety(variety_code) return (get_variety(variety_code)) end function export.generate_one(form, variety_code, transcription) local name, fn = get_variety(variety_code) local result = make_IPAs(fn, {form}, name).forms[1] if transcription then result = result[transcription] end return result end function export.generate_multiple(forms, variety_code, transcription) local name, fn = get_variety(variety_code) local result = make_IPAs(fn, forms, name).forms if transcription then for i, form in ipairs(result) do result[i] = form[transcription] end end return result end local function add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, main_code, args, required) local name, fn, variety_names = get_variety(main_code) local forms = get_arg_list(args, spellings, false, required) if forms then table.insert(IPAs, make_IPAs(fn, forms, variety_names)) end end local SHOULD_RHYME_VARIETY = { ["Luutsa"] = true, ["Liivčülä"] = true, ["Jõgõperä"] = true, } function export.show(frame) local title = mw.loadData("Module:headword/data").pagename local hyphenation = nil local rhymes = nil local categories = {} local params = { [1] = { list = true }, ["LL"] = { list = true }, -- Luutsa-Liivčülä ["Lu"] = { list = true }, -- Luutsa ["Li"] = { list = true }, -- Liivčülä ["J"] = { list = true }, -- Jõgõperä ["C"] = { list = true }, -- Central Votic ["E"] = { list = true }, -- Eastern Votic ["dial"] = { type = "boolean" }, ["h"] = { list = true }, -- hyphenations ["title"] = {}, -- for debugging or demonstration only } local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params) title = args["title"] or title local dialectal = args.dial local spellings = get_arg_list(args[1], { lower(title) }, true, true) local IPAs = {} if args.h and #args.h > 0 then hyphenation = apply_on(function (h) return mw.text.split(h, "%.") end, args.h) end for _, variety_group in ipairs(variety_groups) do local param, codes, always = unpack(variety_group) if param then local split = false for _, code in ipairs(codes) do if #args[code] > 0 then split = true break end end if split then for _, code in ipairs(codes) do add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, code, args[code] or (param and args[param] or nil), always and not dialectal) end else add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, param, args[param], always and not dialectal) end else add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, codes, args[codes], always and not dialectal) end end if #IPAs < 1 then error("No dialects to display IPA for") end local results = {} local has_spaces = find(title, " ") for _, tuple in ipairs(IPAs) do table.insert(results, format_IPAs(tuple, title, has_spaces)) end if not hyphenation then hyphenation = {} if not has_spaces then local sp = spellings[1] if not hyphenate_matches(sp, title) then -- try to geminate local syllables = m_vot.split_syllables(sp, true) do_gemination(syllables, LONG) sp = spell_long_consonants(clean_ungeminate(table.concat(syllables))) end if hyphenate_matches(sp, title) then table.insert(hyphenation, hyphenate(match_spelling_with_title_for_hyphenation(sp, title))) end end end if not rhymes then rhymes = {} if not has_spaces then local found_rhymes = {} for _, tuple in ipairs(IPAs) do local should_rhyme = false for _, variety in ipairs(tuple.varieties) do if SHOULD_RHYME_VARIETY[variety] then should_rhyme = true break end end if should_rhyme then for _, form in ipairs(tuple.forms) do if form.rhyme then local rhyme = generate_rhyme(form) if rhyme and not found_rhymes[rhyme] then found_rhymes[rhyme] = true table.insert(rhymes, rhyme) end end end end end end end if #rhymes > 0 then local sylkeys = {} local sylcounts = {} -- get all possible syllable counts from syllabifications for i, h in ipairs(hyphenation) do local hl = #h if hl > 0 and not sylkeys[hl] then table.insert(sylcounts, hl) sylkeys[hl] = true end end local rhymeobjs = {} for _, rhyme in ipairs(rhymes) do table.insert(rhymeobjs, {rhyme = rhyme}) end table.insert(results, "* " .. require("Module:rhymes").format_rhymes( { lang = lang, rhymes = rhymeobjs, num_syl = sylcounts })) end if #hyphenation > 0 then local hyphs = {} for i, h in ipairs(hyphenation) do table.insert(hyphs, { ["hyph"] = h }) end table.insert(results, "* " .. require("Module:hyphenation").format_hyphenations( { lang = lang, hyphs = hyphs, caption = "Tách âm" })) end return table.concat(results, "\n") .. require("Module:utilities").format_categories(categories, lang) end --- <<< INTERFACE END >>> --- return export 72qb57muuruge8kcj0460iy1qr0q6x5 2573476 2573474 2026-10-25T15:35:45Z Hiyuune 50834 2573476 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} local m_vot = require("Module:vot-common") local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local gsub_lookahead = require("Module:gsub lookahead") local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local lang = m_vot.lang local find = m_str_utils.find local gsub = m_str_utils.gsub local len = m_str_utils.len local lower = m_str_utils.lower local match = m_str_utils.match local sub = m_str_utils.sub local U = m_str_utils.char local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility --- <<< DATA START >>> --- local LONG = "ː" local SEMILONG = "ˑ" local STRESS_PRIMARY = "ˈ" local STRESS_SECONDARY = "ˌ" local NEVER_STRESSED = "#" local FRONTAL = U(0x0308) local NONSYLLABIC = U(0x032F) local TIE = U(0x0361) local VERYSHORT = U(0x0306) local SCHWA_BACK = U(0xEEE0) local SCHWA_FRONT = U(0xEEE1) local SEMISCHWA_BACK = U(0xEEE2) local SEMISCHWA_FRONT = U(0xEEE3) local PALATAL = "ʲ" local IPA_VOWELS = "ɑeiouyæøɤɨ" .. SCHWA_BACK .. SCHWA_FRONT .. SEMISCHWA_BACK .. SEMISCHWA_FRONT local AUTO_STRESS = U(0xEEEE) local IPA_CONSONANTS = m_vot.consonants .. "ɫcčǰCɟɕʑɲʎïxʃɸ" local IPA_CONSONANTS_GEMINATABLE = m_vot.consonants_geminatable .. "ɫcčCɕʑɲʎxʃ" local PALATALIZE = m_vot.palatalize local PALATALIZE_WEAK = '"' local UNGEMINATE = "/" local SHIFT_STRESS = "*" local ANY_DIACRITICS = "[" .. U(0x0300) .. "-" .. U(0x036F) .. "]*" local SOME_DIACRITICS = "[" .. U(0x0300) .. "-" .. U(0x036F) .. "]+" local IPA_VOWEL = "[aõäöü" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "]" local broken_vowel_sequences = { "i" .. UNGEMINATE .. "i" } local additional_IPA_vowel_sequences = { "[ɑeouɤæøy]i", "[iouɤ]ɑ", "[iøye]æ", "[ɑoɤei]u", "[ɑu]ɤ", "[æøie]y", "[ɑiæy]e", "[ɑi]o", "ɑɑ", "yy", "ææ", "øø", "ɤɤ", "ɨɨ" } -- Creates a function g(t, ...) which applies f(t, ...) if t is string, -- and else applies f(t, ...) to all values in the table t. local function apply_on_factory(f) return function (t, ...) if type(t) == "string" then return (f(t, ...)) end local r = {} for _, v in ipairs(t) do table.insert(r, (f(v, ...))) end return r end end -- Apply function f(t, ...) which applies f(t, ...) if t is string, -- and else applies f(t, ...) to all values in the table t. local function apply_on(f, t, ...) if type(t) == "string" then return (f(t, ...)) end local r = {} for _, v in ipairs(t) do table.insert(r, (f(v, ...))) end return r end local gsub_all = apply_on_factory(gsub) local prepend = apply_on_factory(function (v, x) return x .. v end) local append = apply_on_factory(function (v, x) return v .. x end) --- <<< DATA END >>> --- --- <<< COMMON START >>> --- local function split_syllables(word, keep_sep_symbols) local res = {} local syllable = "" local pos = 1 local found_vowel = false while pos <= len(word) do if find(lower(word), "^t[sšʃ][" .. PALATAL .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. "]?" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then -- CV: end current syllable if we have found a vowel if found_vowel then if syllable then table.insert(res, syllable) end found_vowel = false syllable = "" end syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^t[sšʃ]", pos) then -- C: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^d[žʒ][" .. PALATAL .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. "]?" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then -- CV: end current syllable if we have found a vowel if found_vowel then if syllable then table.insert(res, syllable) end found_vowel = false syllable = "" end syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^d[žʒ]", pos) then -- C: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "][" .. PALATAL .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. "]?" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then -- CV: end current syllable if we have found a vowel if found_vowel then if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end found_vowel = false syllable = "" end syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "]", pos) then -- C: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^" .. IPA_VOWEL, pos) then if found_vowel then -- already found a vowel, end current syllable if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end syllable = "" end found_vowel = true -- check for diphthongs or long vowels local seq_ok = false local seq_ok3 = false for k, v in pairs(broken_vowel_sequences) do if find(lower(word), "^" .. v, pos) then seq_ok3 = true break end end if not seq_ok3 then for k, v in pairs(m_vot.vowel_sequences) do if find(lower(word), "^" .. v, pos) then seq_ok = true break end end if not seq_ok then for k, v in pairs(additional_IPA_vowel_sequences) do if find(lower(word), "^" .. v, pos) then seq_ok = true break end end end end if seq_ok3 then syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 2) pos = pos + 3 elseif seq_ok then syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos + 1) pos = pos + 2 else syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 end elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. PALATALIZE .. PALATALIZE_WEAK .. PALATAL .. "]", pos) then syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. UNGEMINATE .. "]", pos) then syllable = syllable .. UNGEMINATE pos = pos + 1 elseif find(lower(word), "^[" .. m_vot.sep_symbols .. AUTO_STRESS .. NEVER_STRESSED .. "%*]", pos) then -- separates syllables if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end local sepchar = sub(word, pos, pos) syllable = keep_sep_symbols and sepchar or "" pos = pos + 1 found_vowel = false else -- ?: continue syllable = syllable .. sub(word, pos, pos) pos = pos + 1 end end if #syllable > 0 then table.insert(res, syllable) end return res end local function zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow) text = gsub(text, "'", PALATALIZE) text = gsub(text, PALATALIZE_WEAK, PALATAL) if narrow then text = gsub(text, "l(%(?[aouõ])", "ɫ%1") text = gsub(text, "lɫ", "ɫɫ") text = gsub(text, "([^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. STRESS_SECONDARY .. "%*-]+)", function (word) if find(word, "[aouõ]") then return gsub(word, "l(.?)", function (v) return (match(v, "[ieäöü" .. PALATALIZE .. "]") and "l" or "ɫ") .. v end) else return word end end) end if find(text, "ts") then text = gsub(text, "tts", "cc") text = gsub(text, "ts", "c") end if find(text, "tš") then text = gsub(text, "ttš", "čč") text = gsub(text, "tš", "č") end if find(text, "dž") then text = gsub(text, "ddž", "ǰǰ") text = gsub(text, "dž", "ǰ") end text = gsub(text, "φ", "ɸ") text = gsub(text, PALATALIZE .. "(" .. m_vot.consonants .. PALATALIZE .. ")", "%1") return text end local function first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = gsub(text, "n([-" .. AUTO_STRESS .. "]?[kg])", "ŋ%1") text = gsub(text, "n([-" .. AUTO_STRESS .. "]?[pb])", "m%1") text = gsub(text, "[aäöõüь’]", { ["a"] = "ɑ", ["ä"] = "æ", ["ö"] = "ø", ["õ"] = "ɤ", ["ü"] = "y", ["ь"] = "ɨ", -- ["-"] = STRESS_SECONDARY, }) return text end local function second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow, apical) text = gsub(text, "%" .. SHIFT_STRESS, STRESS_PRIMARY) text = gsub(text, LONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. LONG) text = gsub(text, SEMILONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. SEMILONG) text = gsub(text, PALATAL .. "+", PALATAL) text = gsub(text, "[cčǰCgïjšž" .. SCHWA_BACK .. SCHWA_FRONT .. SEMISCHWA_BACK .. SEMISCHWA_FRONT .. "]", { ["c"] = "t͡s", ["č"] = "t͡ʃ", ["C"] = "c", ["ǰ"] = "d͡ʒ", ["g"] = "ɡ", ["ï"] = narrow and "ʝ" or "j", ["j"] = narrow and "ʝ" or "j", ["š"] = apical and "ʂ" or "ʃ", ["ž"] = apical and "ʐ" or "ʒ", [SCHWA_BACK] = "ə̠", [SCHWA_FRONT] = "ə̟", [SEMISCHWA_BACK] = "ɤ̟", [SEMISCHWA_FRONT] = "e̠", }) text = gsub(text, "[lɫ]([lɫ])", "%1" .. LONG) return text end local function automatic_palatalization(text, palatalize_e, filter) -- , regressive_filter) text = gsub(text, "(" .. filter .. "+[" .. SEMILONG .. LONG .. "]?)([äöüi" .. (palatalize_e and "e" or "") .. SCHWA_FRONT .. "])", function (c1, v1) return c1 .. PALATAL .. v1 end) -- text = gsub(text, "(" .. regressive_filter .. "+)([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "]" .. PALATAL .. ")", function (c1, c2) -- return c1 .. PALATAL .. c2 -- end) return text end local full_palatal = { ["d"] = "ɟ", ["t"] = "C", -- workaround ["z"] = "ʑ", ["n"] = "ɲ", ["l"] = "ʎ", ["s"] = "ɕ" } local function manual_palatalization(text) if not find(text, PALATALIZE) then return text end text = gsub(text, "([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "])" .. PALATALIZE, function(c) return full_palatal[c] or c .. PALATAL end) text = gsub(text, PALATALIZE, "") text = gsub(text, PALATAL .. PALATAL, PALATAL) return text end local IPA_diphthongs = { "[ɑeouɤæøy]i", "[iouɤ]ɑ", "[iøye]æ", "[ɑoɤei]u", "[ɑu]ɤ", "[æøie]y", "[ɑiæy]e", "[ɑi]o", } local function long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = gsub(text, "([" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "])%1", "%1" .. LONG) for _, diphthong in ipairs(IPA_diphthongs) do local mod_diphthong if find(diphthong, "%]$") then mod_diphthong = gsub(diphthong, "(.)(%[[^%]]-%])", "%1" .. VERYSHORT .. "?%2") mod_diphthong = gsub(diphthong, "(%[[^%]]-%])(%[[^%]]-%])", "%1" .. VERYSHORT .. "?%2") else mod_diphthong = sub(diphthong, 1, -2) .. VERYSHORT .. "?" .. sub(diphthong, -1, -1) end text = gsub(text, "(" .. mod_diphthong .. ")", "%1" .. NONSYLLABIC) end return text end local function long_consonants(text) text = gsub(text, "(%a)" .. PALATAL .. "%1" .. PALATAL, "%1" .. PALATAL .. LONG) text = gsub(text, "(%a)%1", "%1" .. LONG) text = gsub(text, LONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. LONG) text = gsub(text, SEMILONG .. PALATAL, PALATAL .. SEMILONG) text = gsub(text, LONG .. SEMILONG, LONG) text = gsub(text, SEMILONG .. LONG, LONG) return text end local function add_primary_stress(text) text = gsub(text, AUTO_STRESS, "-") text = gsub(text, "-%.", "-") text = gsub(text, "-", STRESS_SECONDARY) text = STRESS_PRIMARY .. gsub(text, " ", " " .. STRESS_PRIMARY) text = gsub(text, STRESS_PRIMARY .. "([^ ]+" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. ")", "%1") return mw.ustring.toNFC(text) end local function is_stressed_syllable(syllable) return find(syllable, "^[ " .. AUTO_STRESS .. "%*-]") end local function is_explicitly_stressed_syllable(syllable) return find(syllable, "^[ %*-]") end local function add_secondary_stress(syllables, stress_last) local distance = 0 for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do if not stress_last and index == #syllables then break end local stressed = index == 1 or is_stressed_syllable(syllable) if stressed then distance = 0 else distance = distance + 1 if distance == 2 then distance = 0 if (index == #syllables or not is_stressed_syllable(syllables[index + 1])) and not find(syllable, NEVER_STRESSED) then syllables[index] = AUTO_STRESS .. syllable end end end end end local function clean_ungeminate(text) return gsub(text, UNGEMINATE, "") end local function do_gemination(syllables, diacritic, strict) local try_to_geminate = false for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = index == 1 or is_stressed_syllable(syllable) if try_to_geminate and not stressed then -- check if the initial consonant in this syllable is followed by a long vowel (if strict) or two vowels (if not strict) local rest = syllable .. (syllables[index + 1] or "") local match_start, _, match = find(rest, "^[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS_GEMINATABLE .. "]" .. PALATALIZE .. "?(" .. m_vot.vowel .. m_vot.vowel .. ")") if match_start and (not strict or sub(match, 1, 1) == sub(match, 2, 2)) then -- CVCVV -> CVC:VV local cg = select(3, find(syllable, "^([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS_GEMINATABLE .. "]" .. PALATALIZE .. "?)")) syllables[index - 1] = syllables[index - 1] .. cg syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "^" .. cg, diacritic) end end try_to_geminate = stressed and find(syllable, "^[ " .. AUTO_STRESS .. "-]?[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. PALATALIZE .. TIE .. "]*" .. m_vot.vowel .. "$") end end local function split_syllables_by_words(syllables) local i = 1 return function() local r = {} local e = i if e <= #syllables then table.insert(r, (gsub(syllables[e], "^%s+", ""))) e = e + 1 while e <= #syllables and not find(syllables[e], "^%s") do table.insert(r, syllables[e]) e = e + 1 end i = e return r end end end local function do_by_word_syllables(out_syllables, fn) local old_syllables = {} for k, v in pairs(out_syllables) do old_syllables[k] = v out_syllables[k] = nil end local next_word = false for syllables in split_syllables_by_words(old_syllables) do fn(syllables) for i, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do if next_word and i == 1 then table.insert(out_syllables, " " .. syllable) else table.insert(out_syllables, syllable) end end next_word = true end end local function reduce_final_syllable(syl) local allowed_finals = { "(" .. m_vot.consonant .. ")%1", "g[lɫnr]", "mp", "šk", "lt" } if not find(syl, m_vot.consonant .. m_vot.consonant .. PALATALIZE .. "?$") then return syl end for _, allowed_final in ipairs(allowed_finals) do if not find(syl, allowed_final .. PALATALIZE .. "?$") then return gsub(syl, PALATALIZE .. "$", "") end end return sub(gsub(syl, PALATALIZE .. "$", ""), 1, -2) end local function is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) return index == 1 or is_stressed_syllable(syllable) end local function is_syllable_explicitly_stressed_at(syllable, index) return index == 1 or is_explicitly_stressed_syllable(syllable) end local function do_reduction_word(syllables, narrow, reduce_completely) local prev_was_stressed = false local prev_was_long = false local syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 local final_vowel_dropped = false for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = is_syllable_explicitly_stressed_at(syllable, index) local rhythmically_stressed = not stressed and is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) local final = index == #syllables if stressed or rhythmically_stressed then syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 else syllables_since_last_stressed = syllables_since_last_stressed + 1 end prev_was_long = prev_was_long if not stressed and ((prev_was_stressed and prev_was_long) or (syllables_since_last_stressed > 1 or prev_was_long)) then syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. "+)(.*)", function (nucleus, coda) if find(nucleus, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. ")%1") then return sub(nucleus, 1, 1) .. coda end if not narrow then local broad_reduce = { ["a"] = "õ", ["ä"] = "e" } return (broad_reduce[nucleus] or nucleus) .. coda end --if find(nucleus, "i[aä]") then --return (syllable.find(PALATALIZE) and "" or PALATALIZE) .. sub(nucleus, 2) .. coda --end if find(nucleus, m_vot.vowel .. m_vot.vowel) then return nucleus .. coda end local reduced_final = { ["a"] = SCHWA_BACK, ["ä"] = SCHWA_FRONT } local reduced_nonfinal = { ["a"] = SEMISCHWA_BACK, ["ä"] = SEMISCHWA_FRONT } local is_final = gsub(coda, "%)", "") == "" and (index + 1 > #syllables or is_explicitly_stressed_syllable(syllables[index + 1])) local reduced = is_final and reduced_final or reduced_nonfinal if not reduced[nucleus] then return nucleus .. coda end if final and reduce_completely and #coda < 1 and match(nucleus, "[aä]") then if find(syllable, "j[aä]") then return reduced[nucleus] .. VERYSHORT end final_vowel_dropped = true return find(nucleus, "ä") and PALATAL or "" end return (reduced[nucleus] or nucleus) .. coda end) end -- reduce the next syllable only if the current syllable is stressed and heavy prev_was_stressed = stressed prev_was_long = find(syllable, m_vot.vowel .. "[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. m_vot.vowels .. "]") end if final_vowel_dropped then syllables[#syllables - 1] = reduce_final_syllable(syllables[#syllables - 1] .. syllables[#syllables]) syllables[#syllables] = nil end end local function do_reduction(syllables, narrow, reduce_completely) do_by_word_syllables(syllables, function(s) do_reduction_word(s, narrow, reduce_completely) end) end local diphthongize_broad = { ["e"] = "i" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "e", ["ɤ"] = "ɯ" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ɤ", ["o"] = "u" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "o", ["ø"] = "y" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ø" } local diphthongize_narrow = { ["e"] = "ɪ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "e", ["ɤ"] = "ɨ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ɤ", ["o"] = "ʊ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "o", ["ø"] = "ʏ̆" .. NONSYLLABIC .. "ø" } local function do_diphthongization_word(syllables, narrow, reduce_completely) for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "([eɤoø])%1", function (v) return ((narrow and not stressed) and diphthongize_narrow or diphthongize_broad)[v] end) end end local function do_diphthongization(syllables, narrow) do_by_word_syllables(syllables, function(s) do_diphthongization_word(s, narrow) end) end local function pass_diacritics_through(map, consonant) local consonant, diacritics = match(consonant, "([" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. "])([" .. PALATAL .. "]?)") return map[consonant] .. diacritics end local voiceless_sounds = "kptcčfsšh" local function do_voicing(text, always_devoiced) local devoice = { ["g"] = "k", ["b"] = "p", ["d"] = "t", ["z"] = "s", ["ž"] = "š", ["ʑ"] = "ɕ" } local semivoice = { ["g"] = "g̊", ["b"] = "b̥", ["d"] = "d̥", ["z"] = "z̥", ["ž"] = "ž̥", ["ʑ"] = "ɕ̊" } if always_devoiced then semivoice = devoice end local consonants_to_devoice = "[bdgzž][" .. PALATAL .. "]?" local vowel = "[" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "]" -- b/d/g/z/ž is semivoiced if it is not followed by anything text = gsub(text, "(" .. consonants_to_devoice .. ")$", function (consonant) return pass_diacritics_through(semivoice, consonant) end) -- b/d/g/z/ž is devoiced if it is followed by a voiceless sound text = gsub_lookahead(text, "(" .. consonants_to_devoice .. ")([%s" .. AUTO_STRESS .. "-]+)([" .. voiceless_sounds .. "])", function (consonant, space, after) return pass_diacritics_through(devoice, consonant) .. space, after end) return text end local palatalize_filter = "[dfghkmnprstvz]" local kattila_palatalize_filter = "[dlnrstz]" -- local regressive_palatalize_filter = "[dnrstz]" --- <<< COMMON END >>> --- --- <<< DIALECTS START >>> --- -- narrow_level 0 = broad, 1 = rhyme, 2 = narrow -- Luutsa, Liivčülä local function IPA_luutsa_liivcula(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) if narrow_level > 1 then do_gemination(syllables, LONG, false) do_reduction(syllables, true, false) end text = table.concat(syllables) if narrow_level > 0 then text = do_voicing(text) end if narrow_level > 1 then text = automatic_palatalization(text, true, palatalize_filter) -- , regressive_palatalize_filter) -- palatalization text = gsub(text, "h([kg])", "x%1") end text = clean_ungeminate(text) text = gsub(text, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) text = manual_palatalization(text) text = first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = long_consonants(text) text = second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) return add_primary_stress(text) end -- Jõgõperä local function IPA_jogopera(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 1 then -- Handle final (a)/(ä) text = gsub(text, "%(([aä])%)$", "%1") end if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) if narrow_level > 1 then do_gemination(syllables, LONG, false) do_reduction(syllables, true, true) end text = table.concat(syllables) if narrow_level > 0 then text = do_voicing(text) end if narrow_level > 1 then text = automatic_palatalization(text, false, palatalize_filter) -- , regressive_palatalize_filter) -- palatalization text = gsub(text, "h([kg])", "x%1") end text = clean_ungeminate(text) text = gsub(text, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) text = manual_palatalization(text) text = first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = long_consonants(text) text = second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) return add_primary_stress(text) end -- Central Votic (e.g. Kattila) local function IPA_central(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables, true) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local options = {text} if narrow_level > 1 then local old_text = text local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) do_gemination(syllables, SEMILONG, false) local new_text = table.concat(syllables) if new_text ~= old_text then table.insert(options, new_text) end end if narrow_level > 0 then options = apply_on(do_voicing, options) end if narrow_level > 1 then options = gsub_all(options, "h([kpt])", "H%1") options = gsub_all(options, "[hH]", {["h"] = "ɦ", ["H"] = "h"}) end options = apply_on(clean_ungeminate, options) options = gsub_all(options, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) options = apply_on(manual_palatalization, options) options = apply_on(first_round_of_common_replacements, options) if narrow_level > 0 then local old_text = options[1] local syllables = split_syllables(old_text, true) do_diphthongization(syllables, narrow_level > 1) local new_text = table.concat(syllables) if new_text ~= old_text then table.insert(options, 2, new_text) end end options = apply_on(long_vowels_and_diphthongs, options) options = apply_on(long_consonants, options) options = apply_on(second_round_of_common_replacements, options, narrow_level > 1, true) return apply_on(add_primary_stress, options) end -- Eastern Votic (e.g. Ičäpäivä) local function IPA_eastern(text, narrow_level) text = zeroth_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1) if narrow_level > 0 then local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables, true) text = table.concat(syllables) end text = gsub(text, NEVER_STRESSED, "") local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) if narrow_level > 1 then do_gemination(syllables, SEMILONG, false) end text = table.concat(syllables) if narrow_level > 0 then text = do_voicing(text) end if narrow_level > 1 then text = gsub(text, "h([kpt])", "H%1") text = gsub(text, "[hH]", {["h"] = "ɦ", ["H"] = "h"}) end text = clean_ungeminate(text) text = gsub(text, "j" .. PALATALIZE, PALATALIZE) text = manual_palatalization(text) text = first_round_of_common_replacements(text) text = long_vowels_and_diphthongs(text) text = long_consonants(text) text = second_round_of_common_replacements(text, narrow_level > 1, true) return add_primary_stress(text) end --- <<< DIALECTS END >>> --- --- <<< INTERFACE START >>> --- local function cleanup_for_hyphenate(text) local no_hyph_symbols = "[" .. UNGEMINATE .. "%-]" return gsub(gsub(text, no_hyph_symbols, ""), "%*", ".") end local function run_reductions(text) local syllables = split_syllables(text, true) add_secondary_stress(syllables) local prev_was_stressed = false local prev_was_long = false local syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 for index, syllable in ipairs(syllables) do local stressed = is_syllable_explicitly_stressed_at(syllable, index) local rhythmically_stressed = not stressed and is_syllable_stressed_at(syllable, index) local final = index == #syllables if stressed or rhythmically_stressed then syllables_since_last_stressed = 0 else syllables_since_last_stressed = syllables_since_last_stressed + 1 end prev_was_long = prev_was_long if not stressed and ((prev_was_stressed and prev_was_long) or (syllables_since_last_stressed > 1 or prev_was_long)) then syllables[index] = gsub(syllable, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. "+)(.*)", function (nucleus, coda) if find(nucleus, "(" .. m_vot.vowel .. ")%1") then return sub(nucleus, 1, 1) .. coda end local broad_reduce = { ["a"] = "õ", ["ä"] = "e" } return (broad_reduce[nucleus] or nucleus) .. coda end) end -- reduce the next syllable only if the current syllable is stressed and heavy prev_was_stressed = stressed or rhythmically_stressed prev_was_long = find(syllable, m_vot.vowel .. "[" .. IPA_CONSONANTS .. m_vot.vowels .. "]") end return gsub(table.concat(syllables, ""), "[" .. NEVER_STRESSED .. AUTO_STRESS .. "]", "") end local function match_spelling_with_title_for_hyphenation(sp, title) return title end local function hyphenate_matches(sp, title) local resp = run_reductions(lower(gsub(gsub(sp, "%([aä]%)$", ""), "%*", "."))) resp = gsub(resp, "'", PALATALIZE) resp = gsub(resp, "([bdgzž])([kpsšt])", function(c1, c2) return ({b = "p", d = "t", g = "k", z = "s", ["ž"] = "š"})[c1] .. c2 end) resp = gsub(cleanup_for_hyphenate(resp), "%.", "") resp = gsub(resp, "([bdgzž])$", function(c) return ({b = "p", d = "t", g = "k", z = "s", ["ž"] = "š"})[c] end) title = lower(title) title = gsub(title, "([bdgzž])$", function(c) return ({b = "p", d = "t", g = "k", z = "s", ["ž"] = "š"})[c] end) return resp == title end local function hyphenate(text) return m_vot.split_syllables(cleanup_for_hyphenate(text)) end local function spell_long_consonants(text) text = gsub(text, "(t[sš])" .. "(" .. PALATALIZE .. "?)" .. LONG, function (c, p) return "t" .. c .. p end) text = gsub(text, "([" .. m_vot.consonants .. "])" .. "(" .. PALATALIZE .. "?)" .. LONG, function (c, p) return c .. c .. p end) text = gsub(text, "iï", "i") return text end local function generate_rhyme(tuple) local text = tuple.rhyme if type(text) == "table" then text = text[1] end local index = find(text, "[" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. STRESS_SECONDARY .. "][^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY .. STRESS_SECONDARY .. "]*$") if index ~= nil then text = sub(text, index + 1) end index = find(text, "[" .. IPA_VOWELS .. "]") if index == nil then return nil end return gsub(sub(text, index), "%(.-%)", "") end local function make_IPAs(fn, forms, varieties) local p = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms) do form = lower(form) local suffix = find(form, "^%-") local prefix = find(form, "%-$") if suffix then form = gsub(form, "^%-", "") end if prefix then form = gsub(form, "%-$", "") end local broad = fn(form, 0) local rhyme = fn(form, 1) local narrow = fn(form, 2) if prefix then broad = append(broad, "-") rhyme = nil narrow = append(narrow, "-") end if suffix then broad = prepend(gsub_all(broad, "^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY, ""), "-") rhyme = nil narrow = prepend(gsub_all(narrow, "^" .. STRESS_PRIMARY, ""), "-") end table.insert(p, { broad = broad, rhyme = rhyme, narrow = narrow }) end local result = { forms = p, varieties = varieties } return result end local function link_varieties(varieties) local result = {} for _, variety in ipairs(varieties) do table.insert(result, "[[Phụ lục:Phương ngữ tiếng Vot#" .. variety .. "|" .. variety .. "]]") end return result end local function format_IPAs(tuple, title, has_spaces) local dialects = require("Module:accent qualifier").format_qualifiers(lang, link_varieties(tuple.varieties)) local p = {} local sep = nil local function format_IPA_list(prefix, forms, suffix) if type(forms) == "table" then for _, f in ipairs(forms) do table.insert(p, { pron = prefix .. f .. suffix, separator = sep }) sep = " ~ " end else table.insert(p, { pron = prefix .. forms .. suffix, separator = sep }) end end for _, form in ipairs(tuple.forms) do sep = nil format_IPA_list("/", form.broad, "/") sep = nil format_IPA_list("[", form.narrow, "]") end return "* " .. dialects .. " " .. m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = p, no_count = has_spaces } end local function get_arg_list(param, fallback, allow_dash, required) if not param or #param == 0 then return required and fallback or nil end if not allow_dash and #param == 1 and param[1] == "-" then return nil end if #param == 1 and param[1] == "+" then return fallback end return param end local varieties = { ["Lu"] = { "Luutsa", IPA_luutsa_liivcula }, ["Li"] = { "Liivčülä", IPA_luutsa_liivcula }, ["J"] = { "Jõgõperä", IPA_jogopera }, ["C"] = { "phương ngữ miền Trung tiếng Vot", IPA_central }, ["E"] = { "phương ngữ miền Đông tiếng Vot", IPA_eastern }, } local variety_groups = { { "LL", {"Lu", "Li"}, true }, { nil, "J", false }, { nil, "C", false }, { nil, "E", false }, } local varieties_merged = {} for _, group in ipairs(variety_groups) do if group[1] then varieties_merged[group[1]] = group[2] end end local function get_variety(variety_code) if varieties[variety_code] then local name, fn = unpack(varieties[variety_code]) return name, fn, { name } end if varieties_merged[variety_code] then local subvarieties = varieties_merged[variety_code] local names = {} local fn = nil for _, subvariety_code in ipairs(subvarieties) do local subvariety_name, subvariety_fn = unpack(varieties[subvariety_code]) fn = subvariety_fn table.insert(names, subvariety_name) end return table.concat(names, ", "), fn, names end error("Unrecognized variety code: " .. variety_code) end function export.get_variety(variety_code) return (get_variety(variety_code)) end function export.generate_one(form, variety_code, transcription) local name, fn = get_variety(variety_code) local result = make_IPAs(fn, {form}, name).forms[1] if transcription then result = result[transcription] end return result end function export.generate_multiple(forms, variety_code, transcription) local name, fn = get_variety(variety_code) local result = make_IPAs(fn, forms, name).forms if transcription then for i, form in ipairs(result) do result[i] = form[transcription] end end return result end local function add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, main_code, args, required) local name, fn, variety_names = get_variety(main_code) local forms = get_arg_list(args, spellings, false, required) if forms then table.insert(IPAs, make_IPAs(fn, forms, variety_names)) end end local SHOULD_RHYME_VARIETY = { ["Luutsa"] = true, ["Liivčülä"] = true, ["Jõgõperä"] = true, } function export.show(frame) local title = mw.loadData("Module:headword/data").pagename local hyphenation = nil local rhymes = nil local categories = {} local params = { [1] = { list = true }, ["LL"] = { list = true }, -- Luutsa-Liivčülä ["Lu"] = { list = true }, -- Luutsa ["Li"] = { list = true }, -- Liivčülä ["J"] = { list = true }, -- Jõgõperä ["C"] = { list = true }, -- Central Votic ["E"] = { list = true }, -- Eastern Votic ["dial"] = { type = "boolean" }, ["h"] = { list = true }, -- hyphenations ["title"] = {}, -- for debugging or demonstration only } local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params) title = args["title"] or title local dialectal = args.dial local spellings = get_arg_list(args[1], { lower(title) }, true, true) local IPAs = {} if args.h and #args.h > 0 then hyphenation = apply_on(function (h) return mw.text.split(h, "%.") end, args.h) end for _, variety_group in ipairs(variety_groups) do local param, codes, always = unpack(variety_group) if param then local split = false for _, code in ipairs(codes) do if #args[code] > 0 then split = true break end end if split then for _, code in ipairs(codes) do add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, code, args[code] or (param and args[param] or nil), always and not dialectal) end else add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, param, args[param], always and not dialectal) end else add_IPAs(IPAs, spellings, codes, args[codes], always and not dialectal) end end if #IPAs < 1 then error("No dialects to display IPA for") end local results = {} local has_spaces = find(title, " ") for _, tuple in ipairs(IPAs) do table.insert(results, format_IPAs(tuple, title, has_spaces)) end if not hyphenation then hyphenation = {} if not has_spaces then local sp = spellings[1] if not hyphenate_matches(sp, title) then -- try to geminate local syllables = m_vot.split_syllables(sp, true) do_gemination(syllables, LONG) sp = spell_long_consonants(clean_ungeminate(table.concat(syllables))) end if hyphenate_matches(sp, title) then table.insert(hyphenation, hyphenate(match_spelling_with_title_for_hyphenation(sp, title))) end end end if not rhymes then rhymes = {} if not has_spaces then local found_rhymes = {} for _, tuple in ipairs(IPAs) do local should_rhyme = false for _, variety in ipairs(tuple.varieties) do if SHOULD_RHYME_VARIETY[variety] then should_rhyme = true break end end if should_rhyme then for _, form in ipairs(tuple.forms) do if form.rhyme then local rhyme = generate_rhyme(form) if rhyme and not found_rhymes[rhyme] then found_rhymes[rhyme] = true table.insert(rhymes, rhyme) end end end end end end end if #rhymes > 0 then local sylkeys = {} local sylcounts = {} -- get all possible syllable counts from syllabifications for i, h in ipairs(hyphenation) do local hl = #h if hl > 0 and not sylkeys[hl] then table.insert(sylcounts, hl) sylkeys[hl] = true end end local rhymeobjs = {} for _, rhyme in ipairs(rhymes) do table.insert(rhymeobjs, {rhyme = rhyme}) end table.insert(results, "* " .. require("Module:rhymes").format_rhymes( { lang = lang, rhymes = rhymeobjs, num_syl = sylcounts })) end if #hyphenation > 0 then local hyphs = {} for i, h in ipairs(hyphenation) do table.insert(hyphs, { ["hyph"] = h }) end table.insert(results, "* " .. require("Module:hyphenation").format_hyphenations( { lang = lang, hyphs = hyphs, caption = "Tách âm" })) end return table.concat(results, "\n") .. require("Module:utilities").format_categories(categories, lang) end --- <<< INTERFACE END >>> --- return export 34kzlrfq8w3eeto8uc203ohpbmqw8au đứ 0 278790 2573529 2094407 2026-10-25T17:16:13Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573529 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ|hiếm}} [[thẳng|Thẳng]] [[cứng]] ra, [[như không]] [[còn]] [[khả năng]] [[cử động]] nữa. #:{{ux|vi|chết '''đứ'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} =={{langname|nut}}== ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{head|nut|adj}} # {{lb|nut|Nùng Inh}} [[mệt]]. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * [http://ttoeduclass.weebly.com/uploads/3/1/7/7/31776665/du_lieu_tu_dien_viet_tay_nung.pdf DỮ LIỆU TỪ ĐIỂN VIỆT - TÀY-NÙNG]. 4nd2zbu5jhkk785s8gw429kms2dmyu3 Mô đun:place/locations 828 282249 2573452 2573326 2026-10-25T15:21:08Z Hiyuune 50834 2573452 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} export.force_cat = false -- set to true to force category generation even on non-mainspace pages local m_table = require("Module:table") local string_utilities_module = "Module:string utilities" local en_utilities_module = "Module:en-utilities" local insert = table.insert local concat = table.concat local dump = mw.dumpObject local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility --[==[ intro: This module contains data on all known locations, along with some lower-level code to process them (higher-level known-location code is in [[Module:place/placetypes]]). You must load this module using require(), not using mw.loadData(). ===Location data=== '''NOTE: In order to understand the following better, first read the introductory documentation in [[Module:place]], especially the section `More about known locations`.''' The bulk of the code in this module (after some helper functions and placetype tables) describes the known locations and their relationships. Locations are grouped into ''location groups'' that share some common properties (examples are states of the United States and cities in Brazil). Each location group is associated with two tables, a ''data table'' that lists the locations and their individual properties, and a ''metadata table'' that lists group-level properties and defaults for the location properties. Each metadata table points to the associated data table (i.e. contains the data table as its `data` field), and the global `locations` variable holds a list of all group metadata tables. A given location is generally described by three values: (a) the group metadata table for the group the location is part of; (b) the location's canonical ''key'', which is the actual key in the group's data table and is globally unique across all locations; and (c) the location's ''spec'', which is the initialized object describing the properties of the location and comes from the value in the data table corresponding to the canonical key, transformed by the `initialize_spec()` function. These are typically named `group`, `key` and `spec`, respectively and in that order, and are found in the arguments to many functions. In a per-group data table, the keys are either ''canonical keys'' describing locations (which, as mentioned above, must be globally unique) or ''alias keys'' specifying an allowed alias for a given location. There may be multiple aliases for a given location and the alias keys only need to be unique within a particular group data table, not across all groups. It is also possible for the same string to serve as an alias key in one group and a canonical key in another group. (For example, `Newcastle` appears as an alias key in two different groups, referring to two different locations, canonically known as `Newcastle upon Tyne`, for the city in England, and `Newcastle, New South Wales`, for the city in New South Wales, Úc; and `Birmingham` appears both as a canonical key in the group of English cities and an alias key for canonical `Birmingham, Alabama` in the group of US cities.) The corresponding value objects are different for canonical and alias keys. Corresponding to canonical keys are ''location specs'', describing the properies of the location that cannot be derived from default properties of the group or global defaults. Corresponding to alias keys are ''alias specs'', which are highly restricted in the properties they can contain, and whose properties do not have per-group defaults, but only global defaults. The canonical key is always the same as the bare category corresponding to the location, which is one of the reasons it must be globally unique. For example, the country of Georgia uses the canonical key `Georgia` and corresponding bare category [[:Category:Georgia]], while the US state of Georgia uses the canonical key `Georgia, USA` and corresponding bare category [[:Category:Georgia, USA]]. The following conventions are followed in naming keys: * Countries, ''country-like entities'' (which are a mixture of unrecognized de-facto states and dependent territories) and ''former countries'' (which also includes other types of polities, such as the Roman Empire) use their unqualified placename as the canonical key. (See the documentation for [[Module:place]] for the distinction between keys and placenames, which is critical to understand when working with location data.) This also applies to constituent countries (such as England, Aruba and the Faroe Islands) and constituent parts of grouped dependent territories (such as the island of Saint Helena, which is administratively part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha). * Cities (including prefecture-level cities in China, which behave in most respects more like non-city administrative divisions) also normally use their unqualified placename as the canonical key, but if this causes name conflicts or ambiguities, they use a ''qualified key'' containing either the country name or immediate containing division (if different) following a comma, such as the case of `Newcastle, New South Wales` and `Birmingham, Alabama` above. Examples of name conflicts are the two cities just given; examples of ambiguities are the major cities of León and Mérida in Mexico and city of Cartagena, Colombia, which are given the respective canonical keys of `León, Guanajuato`, `Mérida, Yucatán` and `Cartagena, Colombia` to avoid ambiguity with the well-known respective cities of the same name in Spain, even though none of those cities are large enough to be included as known locations in this module. (The cutoff is generally having a metro area of at least 1,000,000 inhabitants, although there are exceptions.) * Administrative divisions of countries, other than the exceptions noted above for constituent countries and dependent territories, use a qualified key that contains the name of the country or constituent country in it, e.g. `Normandy, France` (a region), `Calvados, France` (a department in the region of Normandy), `Herefordshire, England` (a ceremonial county), `Northwest Territories, Canada` (a territory), `Central Finland, Finland` (a region), `Antalya Province, Turkey` (a province), `Cluj County, Romania` (a county), `County Cork, Ireland` (a county) and `New York, USA` (a state). As shown in these various examples, (a) first and second-level divisions are sometimes both included (as in France, the United Kingdom and China); (b) the qualifier after the comma is sometimes a constituent country (England) instead of a country (United Kingdom), and is sometimes abbreviated (USA rather than United States or Unites States of America); (c) the word `the` is not normally included in the key even if the location is normally preceded by `the` when following a preposition (there is a property in the location and alias specs to indicate this), except in a very few cases (most notably `The Hague`); (d) the country is included as a qualifier even if it creates an apparent redundancy, as with `Central Finland, Finland`; and (e) sometimes the placetype is included in the key, as with provinces in Turkey and several other countries; states in Nigeria; and counties in Ireland, Romania and several other countries. Whether the placetype is included, and whether it follows or precedes the placename, depends on per-country conventions. For example, provinces in Turkey, Iran and several other countries (likewise for states in Nigeria, oblasts in Russia, etc.) conventionally include the word "Province", "State", "Oblast" etc. in their name because they are normally named after the largest city in the division, which would otherwise lead to ambiguity; and counties in Ireland and Northern Ireland (and likewise County Durham, England) normally have the word "County" preceding rather than following them in their conventional name, so we follow this practice. The Wikipedia article naming scheme for a given administrative division is a strong clue as to how the division is normally referred to, and we usually follow this practice. (A minor exception is that the Wikipedia articles for provinces in Iran, Laos and Thailand include the word `province` with an initial lowercase letter while provinces elsewhere, e.g. North and South Korea, Saudi Arabia and Turkey, use uppercase `Province`; we normalize to uppercase `Province` in all cases.) As mentioned above, associated with canonical keys in the group data table are location specs, which are objects containing properties. It is important here to distinguish ''initialized specs'' from ''uninitialized specs''. Unininitialized specs are as directly specified in [[Module:place/locations]], containing only those properties that differ from the per-group or global defaults. Initialized specs result from calling `initialize_spec()` on an uninitialized spec (it is idempotent in that it will do nothing if encountering an already-initialized spec). This copies all group-level defaults that are not overridden in the location spec itself from the group-level metadata table into the location spec, so that in general, no more reference need be made to the group to fetch the correct value of a given location property. (The initialization process also does more transformations in a few cases, noted below.) Note that the default value of a given property is stored under a key in the group metadata table that is preceded by the string `default_`; for example, the default value corresponding to the `placetype` property of a given location is specified in the `default_placetype` key in the group metadata table. The following are the properties of the location spec. * `placetype`: String specifying the placetype of the location (e.g. "quốc gia", "state", province"). This can also be a table of such types; in this case, the first listed type is the canonical type that will be used in descriptions, but the location will be recognized (e.g. in a holonym, or for categorizing into the bare category) when tagged with any of the specified types. The placetype '''must''' be either specified on an individual location or defaulted at the group level, or an error occurs. * `container`: Either a string, a ''canonicalized container'' structure or a list of either type, specifying the immediate ''container'' (or containers) of the given location. A container is another location which this location is considered to be directly part of, either politically or (above the country level) geographically. Some locations belong to multiple immediate containers; this applies especially to transcontinental countries such as Russia and Turkey. Containers can themselves have containers, forming a tree (or more correctly, a [[w:directed acyclic graph]]) of locations. The list of immediate container(s), followed by the container(s) of the container(s), etc., is termed the ''container trail'', and some functions compute and return this trail as part of their operation. When a location spec is initialized, the given container spec is canonicalized into ''canonical container form'', which consists of a list of canonicalized container structures, each of which is of the form `{key = "``container_key``", placetype = "``container_placetype``"}`, where ``container_key`` is a canonical location key and ``container_placetype`` should be the listed placetype for the location, or the first listed placetype if there are multiple. (FIXME: Since the key uniquely identifies the container location, we should eliminate the placetype from the container structure.) The list of canonicalized container structures is stored into the `.containers` field of the location spec (this happens even if the container value is unset in its uninitialized spec form, causing it to default to the corresponding group-level value), and the `.container` field is set to {nil}. The canonicalization process is described in more detail below under [[#Container spec canonicalization]]. * `divs`: List of recognized political divisions; e.g. for the Netherlands, a specification of the form `divs = {"provinces", "municipalities"}` will allow categories such as [[:Category:de:Provinces of the Netherlands]] and [[:Category:pt:Municipalities of the Netherlands]] to be created. Any division that appears here must also be found in `placetype_data`, or an error occurs. The entities appearing in the `divs` list can be structures as well as just strings; this is explained more below under [[#Location divisions]]. Additional political divisions that apply to all locations in a group can be specified at the group level using the group-only property `addl_divs`, which has the same format as `divs`. This is intended to be used in the situation where some division types are shared among all locations in the group and others differ from location to location. An example where this is used is the United States, where `census-designated places` is specified in the group-level `addl_divs` so that all 50 states have census-designated places categorized as e.g. [[:Category:Census-designated places in Arizona, USA]], but `counties` and `county seats` are specified in the group-level `default_divs` because not all states have counties and county seats (Alaska has boroughs and borough seats and Louisiana has parishes and parish seats), and some states have additional divisions (New Jersey and Pennsylvania also have boroughs, while Colorado and Connecticut have municipalities). Note that under most circumstances (particularly, if `container_parent_type` is not set as a property associated with the division type), any division type specified on a sub-country-level location must also be specified on all containers up through the country. For example, since French departments specify `communes` and `municipalities` in `default_divs`, the same division types must be (and are) specified on French regions and for France itself. * `keydesc`: String directly specifying a description of the location, for use in generating the contents of category pages related to the location. In place of a string, a function of three arguments (`group`, `key`, `spec`, as is normal for locations) that computes the location description can also be given. This is used, for example, for Russian federal subjects; see `construct_russia_federal_subject_keydesc`. The special string `+++` contained in the keydesc is replaced with the default value of the location description, which specifies the location's placename, placetype, and the corresponding values for each container in the container trail, generally up through (but not beyond) the country level; see `no_include_container_in_desc` below. The location description is used to construct the full description of various categories, such as bare location categories, whose description generally reads `"{{(((}}langname}}} terms related to the people, culture, or territory of ``keydesc``."` where ``keydesc`` is the specified or auto-constructed location description. * `fulldesc`: String overriding the full description for the bare location category (but not for any other category). This is currently used only for the location `Earth`, at the very top of the tree (because the standard `people, culture or territory of ...` text doesn't make sense here), and for `Antarctica` (because it has no permanent inhabitants). FIXME: This should be renamed `bare_category_fulldesc`. * `addl_parents`: Specify additional parents for the bare location category, in addition to the category or categories generated based on the immediate container(s). For example, `Hawaii, USA` specifies `Polynesia` as an additional parent category; both `North Korea` and `South Korea` specify `Korea` (which is a specially handled location category) as an additional parent; and `Earth` specifies `nature` (not a location category, but still a topic category) as an additional parent (which in this case becomes the first parent, as `Earth` has no container). The only restriction on the categories in `addl_parents` is that they must be topic categories, because each language-specific version of the bare location category gets the corresponding language-specific versions of the categories in `addl_parents`. FIXME: This shoudl be renamed `bare_category_addl_parents`. * `wp`: Spec describing how to construct the Wikipedia article for the location. Each spec is either `true` (equivalent to `"%l"`, i.e. use the full location placename directly) or a string containing formatting directives, indicating how to construct the article name. The allowed formatting directives are `%l` (the full location placename), `%e` (the elliptical location placename) and `%c` (the full placename of the first immediate container). For example, the default value of `wp` for the group of United States cities is `"%l, %c"` since the city articles tend to be named e.g. `Austin, Texas` (but with many exceptions, specified using `wp` fields at the city level). Another example is Thai provinces, which specify a group-level default of `"%e province"` as the Wikipedia articles have lowercase `province` in their name but the Thai province keys specified in this module have uppercase `Province`. Here we have to use `%e` to get the placename without the word `Province` in it. The default is `true`, which simply uses the full location placename as the article name. Note that the Wikipedia article, along with the Wikipedia and Commons category pages, are shown in the upper right of bare category pages. * `wpcat`: Spec describing how to construct the Wikipedia category page for the location (i.e. the page listing articles and categories relevant to the location). The format is the same as with `wp`, and it defaults to the value of `wp`. It rarely needs to be specified because the category page and the article page almost always follow the same format. * `commonscat`: Spec describing how to construct the Commons category page for the location (i.e. the page on the MediaWiki Commons site listing articles and categories relevant to the location). It has the same format as `wp` and `wpcat` and defaults to `wpcat`, which is usually (but not always) correct. * `the`: Boolean specifying whether a location should be preceded by `the` when following a preposition, e.g. in category names such as [[:Category:Cities in the Northern Territory, Úc]] and in old-style place descriptions when the location occurs as the first holonym, such as the city [[Darwin]] described using {{tl|place|city|terr/Northern Territory|c/Australia}}. Note that the global default for this and all Boolean properties is {nil}, which amounts to the same as {false}. * `british_spelling`: Boolean indicating whether the location in question uses British spelling. Currently this only affects whether the spelling `neighborhoods` or `neighbourhoods` is used in categories such as [[:Category:Neighborhoods of New York City]] and [[:Category:Neighbourhoods of Sydney]]. This usually needs to be set only at the top level (i.e. country or country-like entity), because lower-level entities look up the container trail for any container that has `british_spelling = true` set, and if found, assume that British spelling applies. The general principle used in setting this is that all countries in Europe, all dependent territories of any such country, all former British colonies, and any dependent territories of these former colonies, are assumed to use British spelling, while all other countries and associated dependent territories are assumed to use American spelling. This can potentially be modified on a case-by-case basis. * `is_city`: Boolean indicating whether the location in question is a city. This is explicitly set to `true` for city-states (e.g. Monaco and Vatican City), dependent territories that are cities (e.g. Hong Kong, Macau, Bonaire, Gibraltar, etc.), certain city-level administrative divisions (such as `City of Belfast, Northern Ireland`) and (through a group-levell setting) New York boroughs. In addition, it is set to `true` in initialize_spec() whenever the group-level `default_placetype == "thành phố"`, so that all cities get it set without explicitly needing to add a group-level setting for this. Note that the condition `default_placetype == "thành phố"` intentionally excludes Chinese prefecture-level cities, which aren't really cities in that (for example) they don't directly contain neighborhoods, but do contain cities within them. This setting is used in various places: (a) to add cities, rivers, etc. to categories like [[:Category:Rivers in Osaka, Nhật Bản]] and [[:Category:Cities in Wuhan]] for holonyms that are ''not'' cities; (b) to add districts, neighborhoods, and the like to categories like [[:Category:Neighborhoods of Brooklyn]] and [[:Category:Neighborhoods of Monaco]] for holoynms that ''are'' cities; (c) generally, to determine which "generic" placetypes (cities, rivers, neighborhoods, etc.) apply to the location. (Those that can occur with cities have a `generic_before_cities` setting in [[Module:place/placetypes]], and those that can occur with non-cities have a `generic_before_non_cities` setting.) * `is_former_place`: Boolean that should be set on former places such as the Soviet Union and the Roman Empire. For such places, categories such as [[:Category:fr:Rivers in the Soviet Union]] are neither generated nor recognized (more generally, no "generic" placetypes apply except for `places`), and category descriptions include the word `former`. * `overriding_bare_label_parents`: Document me! * `bare_category_parent_type`: Document me! * `no_container_cat`: Document me! * `no_container_parent`: Document me! * `no_generic_place_cat`: Document me! * `no_check_holonym_mismatch`: Document me! * `no_auto_augment_container`: Document me! * `no_include_container_in_desc`: Document me! ====Location divisions==== The `divs` field of a location describes the recognized political division types of that location. Specifying a given division type will cause places defined as being of the specified division type and with the location as a holonym will cause the place to be categorized as ` ``placetypes`` in/of ``location`` `; for example, specifying that the United States has `"states"` as a division will cause anything defined as {{tl|place|fr|state|c/US}} to be categorized under [[:Category:fr:States of the United States]]. Note that you do not have to explicitly specify division types for "generic" placetypes (those that have a `generic_before_non_cities` field if the location is not a city, or that have a `generic_before_cities` field if the location is a city); this includes things like cities, towns, villages, neighbo(u)rhoods and rivers. A given element in the `divs` list is usually a string naming a plural placetype; the placetype is automatically converted to the singular for recognizing the placetype in a {{tl|place}} spec, and irregular plurals such as `kibbutzim` are handled correctly as long as the placetype specifies an appropriate `plural` field (if the `plural` isn't explicitly given, the default singularization algorithm in [[Module:en-utilities]] is run, which gets most things correctly but has problems with `passes` and `fortresses`, which are singularized to `passe` and `fortresse`; for this reason, an explicit plural entry is added to terms in ''-ss''). In place of a string, an object can be given with the plural placetype in the `type` field; this allows additional properties to be specified along with the placetype. An example of this is the `divs` list for Canada: { ["Canada"] = {divs = { {type = "tỉnh", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, {type = "territories", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, "counties", "districts", "municipalities", "regional municipalities", "rural municipalities", "parishes", "Indian reserves", "census divisions", {type = "townships", prep = "in"}, }, ...}, } Here, both provinces and territories are set to categorize as `provinces and territories`, meaning that there is a single category [[:Category:Provinces and territories of Canada]] rather than separate categories for provinces and territories. Similar things are done for other countries that have more than one type of first-level administrative division (e.g. Australia, China, India and Pakistan). Note that any placetype listed under `cat_as` must exist in the table of placetypes in [[Module:place/placetypes]], and in fact there is a category-only entry there for `provinces and territories!` (the use of exclamation point following a plural placetype means that the placetype is present only for use in categories and won't be recognized as the placetype field in a {{tl|place}} description). In addition, townships are declared to use `in` rather than `of` as the preposition in the category; hence the category name will be [[:Category:Townships in Canada]] rather than [[:Category:Townships of Canada]]. (The use of `in` vs. `of` is somewhat related to whether a given placetype is an official administrative or statistical division of the location in question and comes in a defined list, in which case `of` should be used, or is more ill-defined, in which case `in` should be used; the default is `of`, and the use of `in` with `townships` is probably by analogy with the use of `in` with cities and towns.) Another more complex example is the divisions given for Quebec: { ["Quebec, Canada"] = {divs = { "counties", {type = "regional county municipalities", container_parent_type = "regional municipalities"}, {type = "regions", container_parent_type = false}, {type = "townships", prep = "in"}, {type = "parish municipalities", cat_as = {{type = "parishes", container_parent_type = "counties"}, "municipalities"}}, {type = "township municipalities", cat_as = {{type = "townships", prep = "in"}, "municipalities"}}, {type = "village municipalities", cat_as = {{type = "villages", prep = "in"}, "municipalities"}}, }, ...}, } Here, `container_parent_type` controls the second parent category of the placetype/location category associated with the entry. In this case, for example, [[:Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] will have [[:Category:Counties of Canada]] as its second or ''container-level'' parent. However, this doesn't make sense for `regional county municipalities`, which exist only in Quebec (so the parent category [[:Category:Regional county municipalities of Canada]] would have only one subcategory); but they are similar to regional municipalities in British Columbia, Nova Scotia and Ontario, so the `container_parent_type = "regional municipalities"` spec causes the container-level parent of this category to be [[:Category:Regional municipalities of Canada]]. Likewise, `regions` as administrative divisions (as opposed to mere geographic regions) exist only in Quebec; they have no equivalent elsewhere, so we disable the container-level parent using `container_parent_type = false`. The specs for `parish municipalities`, `township municipalities` and `village municipalities` show both that multiple types can be specified under `cat_as` (here, for example, we categorize `parish municipalities` as both `parishes` and `municipalities`) and that these types can themselves have properties, just as for entries directly under `divs`. Specifically, `{type = "parishes", container_parent_type = "counties"}` means that any place defined as a parish municipality in Quebec will be categorized under both [[:Category:Parishes of Quebec, Canada]] and [[:Category:Municipalities of Quebec, Canada]], and that the former will have a container-level parent of [[:Category:Counties of Canada]] (rather than the default of [[:Category:Parishes of Canada]]). Similarly, `township municipalities` will be categorized under both [[:Category:Townships in Quebec, Canada]] (''not'' [[:Category:Townships of Quebec, Canada]]) and [[:Category:Municipalities of Quebec, Canada]]. ====Container spec canonicalization==== A fully canonicalized container spec for a given location consists of a list of ''canonicalized container objects'', each with a `key` and `placetype` field. The `key` field should name the canonical key of some other location at a higher level (e.g. French cities are contained in French departments, which are contained in French regions, which are contained in France, which is contained in Europe, which is contained in Eurasia, which is contained in the Earth). The `placetype` field should correspond to the first (canonical) placetype listed for the key in question. The process of initializing a locaion spec converts the container spec in `.container` into a canonicalized spec in `.containers` and removes the spec from `.container`. It works as follows: # If the `container` field is missing, and there is a group-level `default_container` field, it is used in its place. For example, none of the Brazilian states listed in `brazil_states` specifies a container, but the group specifies `default_container = "Brazil"`. # A single string or canonicalized container object is allowed and made into a one-element list. # If a list element is a string that did ''not'' come from `default_container`, and there is a group-level `canonicalize_key_container` field, it is assumed to be a one-argument function and is called on the string to get a canonicalized container object. # Any remaining strings are assumed to be countries and are used directly as the `key`, with `placetype` set to `"quốc gia"`. ====Alias keys==== Aliases can be provided for canonical keys using ''alias keys''. Alias keys have a very different location spec structure from canonical keys. This structure does not, in general, have defaults at the group level and is not initialized using `initialize_spec()`, but is used as-is. The following properties are recognized in an alias location spec: * `alias_of`: The canonical key of which this key is an alias. Required. * `the`: If true, this alias key is preceded by `the` following a preposition. Defaults to the group-level `default_the` but does not pay attention to the value of `the` for the corresponding canonical key. * `display`: This is a display alias, meaning that holonyms using the placename corresponding to this alias will be converted to the placename corresponding to the canonical key when formatting the holonym for display. (Otherwise, the aliasing applies only to categorization.) If the value is true, the display canonicalization is to the placename of the canonical key; otherwise, the value should be a key whose corresponding placename is used when display canonicalizing. * `placetype`: The placetype of the alias. Rarely needs to be specified as it defaults to the canonical key's placetype, and if that is unspecified, to the group-level default placetype. ====Location group metadata tables==== As mentioned above, associated with each location group is a ''metadata table'' listing group-level properties. The metadata table contains two types of keys: group-level defaults (named like the corresponding location-level keys but preceded by `default_`, e.g. `default_placetype` corresponding to the location-level `placetype` key) and group-only keys, which are mostly functions. The following are the possible group-only keys: * `data`: This points to the group data table for the group, as described above. * `key_to_placename`: This is a function of one argument to transform the location's key (whether canonical or alias) into the full and elliptical placenames. The difference between full and elliptical placenames is described in the documentation for [[Module:place]], but in essence, it applies for keys that include the placetype in them (e.g. `Phuket Province, Thailand` or `County Mayo, Ireland`), in which case the full placename includes the placetype and the elliptical placename does not. For keys that do not include the placetype in them (e.g. `Arizona, USA` or `Gloucestershire, England`), the full and elliptical placenames are identical. Note that neither the full nor the elliptical placename includes the container in it; hence, for `Phuket Province, Thailand`, the full placename is `Phuket Province` and the elliptical placename is just `Phuket`. (Note that the full vs. elliptical placename distinction is intended only for handling cases where the placetype follows or precedes the raw placename and there is no difference between the two in whether they are normally preceded by `the`. More complex situations, such as `State of Mexico` (which normally takes `the`) vs. just `Mexico` (which doesn't), or `Islamabad Capital Territory` vs. just `Islamabad`, should be handled instead by aliases.) The `key_to_placename` function takes one argument, the key, and returns two arguments, the full and elliptical placenames, respectively. If left undefined, the default is to chop off anything starting with a comma and return the result as both full and elliptical placename, and if specifically set to `false`, the key is used directly as both full and elliptical placename. If it needs to be defined, it is best to use the helper function `make_key_to_placename`, if possible (or `make_irish_type_key_to_placename` in the case of Ireland and Northern Ireland, where `County` precedes), rather than rolling your own. In addition, you should use the global `key_to_placename` function (which takes care of the default implementation and such) rather than directly calling the function in the `key_to_placename` field. * `placename_to_key`: This is approximately the inverse of `key_to_placename`, transforming a placename (which can be either in full or elliptical form) into the corresponding key. As with `key_to_placename`, if you need to define this (generally, when the full and elliptical placenames are different), prefer using `make_placename_to_key` (or `make_irish_type_placename_to_key` for Ireland and Northern Ireland) to rolling your own. In addition, similarly to `key_to_placename`, use the global `placename_to_key` function to convert placenames to keys rather than directly invoking the function in the `placename_to_key` field. If the field is set to `false`, the placename is used unchanged as the key. Otherwise, the default algorithm works as follows: *# If the group-level `default_placetype == "thành phố"`, use the placename unchanged as the key. *# Otherwise, if the group-level `default_container` exists and is a string, append it to the placename after a comma + space and use the result as the key. *# Otherwise, if the group-level `default_container` is a canonical container object (an object with `key` and `placetype` fields), and the `placetype` field is either `country` or `constituent country`, append the `key` field to the placename after a comma + space and use the result as the key. *# Otherwise, use the placename unchanged as the key. * `canonicalize_key_container`: A function of one argument to convert the specified `container` field, when a string, to canonical form. Described in more detail above under [[#Container spec canonicalization]]. It is preferable to construct the function using `make_canonicalize_key_container`, if possible, rather than rolling your own. * `addl_divs`: Additional political divisions appended, for all locations in the group, to the list of divisions derived from the location-level `divs` or group-level `default_divs` fields to get the final list of divisions for the location. See [[#Location divisions]] for more details. ]==] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Helper functions -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --[==[ Throw an error. `fmt` is a format string and the remaining arguments are passed through `mw.dumpObject` and then used to format the format string as if `fmt:format(...)` were called. In general, callers should use `internal_error` unless the error was due to bad user input rather than a logic error (which usually isn't the case in deep back-end code like this). ]==] function export.process_error(fmt, ...) local args = {...} for i = 1, select("#", ...) do args[i] = dump(args[i]) end return error(string.format(fmt, unpack(args))) end --[==[ Throw an internal error (a logic error that should never happen unless there is a bug in the code, as opposed to a user error triggered by bad input or a system error due to something like running out of memory or hitting a time limit). `fmt` is a format string and the remaining arguments are passed through `mw.dumpObject` and then used to format the format string as if `fmt:format(...)` were called. ]==] function export.internal_error(fmt, ...) export.process_error("Internal error: " .. fmt, ...) end local internal_error = export.internal_error -- Return whether `list_or_element` (a list of strings, or a single string) "contains" `item` (a string). If -- `list_or_element` is a list, this returns true if `item` is in the list; otherwise it returns true if `item` -- equals `list_or_element`. local function list_or_element_contains(list_or_element, item) if type(list_or_element) == "table" then return m_table.contains(list_or_element, item) and true or false end return list_or_element == item end --[==[ Call the location group's `key_to_placename` function if it exists (see the comment at the top of [[Module:place]] for the distinction between keys and placenames). Two values are returned, the full and elliptical placenames (e.g. full `"County Durham"` vs. elliptical `"Durham"`). If the group does not define `key_to_placename`, both full and elliptical placenames are computed by chopping off anything starting with a comma. ]==] function export.key_to_placename(group, key) if group.key_to_placename == false then return key, key end if group.key_to_placename then local full_placename, elliptical_placename = group.key_to_placename(key) if type(full_placename) ~= "string" then internal_error("Key %s returned a non-string full placename: %s", key, full_placename) end if type(elliptical_placename) ~= "string" then internal_error("Key %s returned a non-string elliptical placename: %s", key, elliptical_placename) end return full_placename, elliptical_placename end key = key:gsub(",.*", "") return key, key end --[==[ Call the location group's `placename_to_key` function if it exists (see the comment at the top of [[Module:place]] for the distinction between keys and placenames) and return the result. If `placename_to_key` exists with the value `false`, return the placename unchanged. If the group does not define `placename_to_key`, and it defines a `default_container` whose placetype is either `country` or `constituent country`, the container name is appended to the placename after a comma and a space. Otherwise the placename is returned unchanged. ]==] function export.placename_to_key(group, placename) if group.placename_to_key == false then return placename elseif group.placename_to_key then local key = group.placename_to_key(placename) if type(key) ~= "string" then internal_error("Placename %s returned a non-string key: %s", placename, key) end return key elseif group.default_placetype == "thành phố" then return placename else local defcon = group.default_container if not defcon then return placename elseif type(defcon) == "string" then return placename .. ", " .. defcon elseif type(defcon) == "table" and (defcon.placetype == "quốc gia" or defcon.placetype == "constituent country") then return placename .. ", " .. defcon.key else return placename end end end --[==[ Initialize the location spec `spec`, augmenting it with default values taken from `group` if the spec itself doesn't specify values for the properties. This sets `containers` to a canonicalized list of objects, each with `key` and `placetype` keys, describing the immediate containers of the location, and erases (sets to nil) the original non-canonicalized `container` field. (Most locations have only one immediate container but some, e.g. Russia, have more than one. Containers should be carefully distinguished from category parents. Generally the container is the first category parent, or the first ``n`` parents if there are ``n`` containers, but there may be additional category parents, which indicate some sort of relation between the category parent and the location but not necessarily one of containment.) This function is idempotent in that nothing happens if called more than once on the same spec. FIXME: Consider reimplementing this in a more standardly object-oriented way using metatables. ]==] function export.initialize_spec(group, key, spec) if spec.initialized then return end local container = spec.container local containers local container_from_default if not container then container = group.default_container container_from_default = true end if container then if type(container) == "string" or container.key then container = {container} end containers = {} for _, cont in ipairs(container) do if type(cont) == "string" then if group.canonicalize_key_container and not container_from_default then cont = group.canonicalize_key_container(cont) else cont = {key = cont, placetype = "quốc gia"} end end insert(containers, cont) end end spec.containers = containers spec.container = nil local function value_with_default(val, default_val) if val == nil then return default_val else return val end end local function set_or_default(prop) spec[prop] = value_with_default(spec[prop], group["default_" .. prop]) end set_or_default("placetype") if not spec.placetype then internal_error("No placetype found in key %s for spec %s or in group `default_placetype`", key, spec) end set_or_default("divs") spec.addl_divs = group.addl_divs for _, prop in ipairs { "keydesc", "fulldesc", "addl_parents", "overriding_bare_label_parents", "bare_category_parent_type", "wp", "wpcat", "commonscat", "british_spelling", "the", "no_container_cat", "no_container_parent", "no_generic_place_cat", "no_check_holonym_mismatch", "no_auto_augment_container", "no_include_container_in_desc", "is_city", "is_former_place", } do set_or_default(prop) end -- `default_placetype == "thành phố"` is correct; if `default_placetype` has something else like `prefecture-level city` -- as the canonical placetype but also lists `city` (as Chinese prefecture-level cities do), don't mark as -- is_city. spec.is_city = value_with_default(spec.is_city, group.default_placetype == "thành phố") spec.initialized = true end --[=[ Given a location group, key and possible placetypes that the placename must match, check if the key exists in the group with at least one of the group's key's placetypes matching one of the passed-in placetypes. If so, return two values: the group key (which potentially could differ from the passed-in key due to aliases) and the corresponding spec object, which (as with all functions that return spec objects) has been initialized using `initialize_spec()` (i.e. default property values have been copied from the group into the spec, if the spec doesn't itself specify a value for the property in question). `alias_resolution` controls how aliases are resolved. Normally, both display and category aliases are followed, and the returned key will reflect the canonical location key. However, if `alias_resolution` is {"none"}, no alias following happens. In that case, if the key specifies an alias, the spec for the alias rather than the spec for the canonical location is returned, and importantly, it is returned uninitialized, meaning that properties from the group are not copied into the spec. (If the key specifies a canonical location, its spec is returned initialized, as in the normal case where `alias_resolution` is unspecified.) The caller needs to check whether the returned spec is an alias by looking for an `alias_of` property. If `alias_resolution` is {"display"}, the behavior is the same as for {"none"} except that if the alias contains a setting `display = true`, the returned key will reflect the canonical location key, and if the alias contains a setting `display = ``string`` `, the returned key will reflect that string. This is a low-level function meant for internal use; external callers should generally use `get_matching_location` (for internally-derived locations), `find_matching_holonym_location` (for externally-derived locations) or `find_canonical_key` (for known-canonical locations where the placetype isn't known). ]=] local function find_matching_key_in_group(group, placetypes, key, alias_resolution) if alias_resolution ~= nil and alias_resolution ~= "none" and alias_resolution ~= "display" and alias_resolution ~= "all" then internal_error("Bad value for 'alias_resolution': %s", alias_resolution) end local spec = group.data[key] if not spec then return nil end local function check_correct_placetype(placetype) if type(placetype) == "table" then for _, pt in ipairs(placetype) do if list_or_element_contains(placetypes, pt) then return true end end return false else return list_or_element_contains(placetypes, placetype) end end if spec.alias_of then local resolved_key = spec.alias_of local resolved_spec = group.data[resolved_key] if not resolved_spec then internal_error("Key %s is an alias of %s, which doesn't exist", key, resolved_key) elseif resolved_spec.alias_of then internal_error("Key %s is an alias of %s, which is itself an alias; indirect aliasing not allowed", key, resolved_key) end if alias_resolution == "none" or alias_resolution == "display" then -- We could be working with non-initialized/defaulted spec, since we're pulling it directly from the group. local placetype = spec.placetype or resolved_spec.placetype or group.default_placetype if not placetype then internal_error("No placetype found for key %s in any of spec %s, alias-resolved spec %s or in group " .. "`default_placetype`", key, spec, resolved_spec) end if not check_correct_placetype(placetype) then return nil end if alias_resolution == "display" then if spec.display == true then key = resolved_key elseif spec.display then key = spec.display end end return key, spec end key = resolved_key spec = resolved_spec end -- We could be working with non-initialized/defaulted spec, since we're pulling it directly from the group. local placetype = spec.placetype or group.default_placetype if not placetype then internal_error("No placetype found for key %s in spec %s or group `default_placetype`", key, spec) end if not check_correct_placetype(placetype) then return nil end export.initialize_spec(group, key, spec) return key, spec end --[=[ Given a location group, placename and possible placetypes that the placename must match, check if the placename exists in the group with at least one of the placetypes of the key in the group that corresponds to the placename matching one of the passed-in placetypes. If so, return two values: the key corrsponding to the passed-in placename and the corresponding spec object. This is similar to `find_matching_key_in_group()` but works with placenames rather than keys. `alias_resolution` is as in `find_matching_key_in_group()`. This is a low-level function meant for internal use; external callers should generally use `get_matching_location` (for internally-derived locations), `find_matching_holonym_location` (for externally-derived locations) or `find_canonical_key` (for known-canonical locations where the placetype isn't known). ]=] local function find_matching_placename_in_group(group, placetypes, placename, alias_resolution) local key = export.placename_to_key(group, placename) return find_matching_key_in_group(group, placetypes, key, alias_resolution) end --[==[ If `key` is a canonical known location key (i.e. not an alias), return the corresponding group and initialized spec. If no such key exists, return {nil}. This throws an internal error if two locations with the same key are found. ]==] function export.find_canonical_key(key) local found_locations = {} for _, group in ipairs(export.locations) do local spec = group.data[key] if not spec then -- do nothing elseif spec.alias_of then mw.log(("Skipping alias '%s' of canonical '%s'"):format(key, spec.alias_of)) else insert(found_locations, {group, spec}) end end if not found_locations[1] then return nil elseif found_locations[2] then internal_error("Found multiple matching locations for canonical key %s: %s", key, found_locations) else local group, spec = unpack(found_locations[1]) export.initialize_spec(group, key, spec) return group, spec end end --[==[ Iterator that returns all locations matching a given description, where the description consists of either a placename or a key along with a list of possible placetypes. Usually there will be at most one such location. The iterator returns three values at each iteration: the location group, canonical key by which the location is known and the spec object describing the location. `data` contains the following possible fields: * `placetypes`: A list of possible placetypes, one of which must match one of the location's placetypes; or a string specifying a placetype, which must match one of the location's placetypes. This must be specified. * `placename`: The placename of the location. Either this or `key` must be specified. * `key`: The key of the location. Either this or `placename` must be specified. * `alias_resolution`: If specified, it behaves the same as for `find_matching_key_in_group`. The spec is normally initialized using `initialize_spec()` prior to it being returned (but may not be if `alias_resolution` is given and the specified key or placename is an alias; see the documentation for `find_matching_key_in_group`). ]==] function export.iterate_matching_location(data) local i = 0 local n = #export.locations return function() while true do i = i + 1 if i > n then break end local group = export.locations[i] local key, spec if data.placename then key, spec = find_matching_placename_in_group(group, data.placetypes, data.placename, data.alias_resolution) else if not data.key then internal_error("'.placename' or '.key' must be defined: %s", data) end key, spec = find_matching_key_in_group(group, data.placetypes, data.key, data.alias_resolution) end if key then return group, key, spec end end end end --[==[ Return the location matching a given description, where the description consists of either a placename or a key along with a list of possible placetypes. This is similar to `iterate_matching_location()` but throws an internal error if there is not exactly one location found; as such, it is for use with internally specified locations (such as the containers of known locations) rather than externally specified locations, which may not match a known location and in some cases may match multiple known locations. For finding an externally specified location, consider using `find_matching_holonym_location`, which returns {nil} rather than throwing an error if the location isn't found, but also (more importantly) checks to make sure there are no conflicting holonyms among the user-specified holonyms (e.g. {{tl|place|city|s/Delaware|c/USA|t=Newark}} will not match the known location `Newark` (in New Jersey, not Delaware). ]==] function export.get_matching_location(data) local all_found = {} for group, key, spec in export.iterate_matching_location(data) do insert(all_found, {group, key, spec}) end if not all_found[1] then internal_error("Couldn't find matching location for data %s", data) elseif all_found[2] then internal_error("Found multiple matching locations for data %s: %s", data, all_found) else return unpack(all_found[1]) end end --[==[ Successively iterate over a location's containers, and then the containers of those containers, etc. Keep in mind that locations may have multiple containers (e.g. Russia has both Europe and Asia as containers, and both Europe and Asia have Eurasia as their container). A given container will never be returned twice (e.g. in the case where a specific location A has locations B and C as containers, and B has C as its container, C will not be returned twice). An internal error happens if a container loop is detected. The return value is a list of location objects, each of which contains `group`, `key` and `spec` fields. ]==] function export.iterate_containers(group, key, spec) local keys_seen = {} keys_seen[key] = true local iterations = 0 local last_iteration_containers = {{group = group, key = key, spec = spec}} return function() iterations = iterations + 1 if iterations > 10 then internal_error("Probable loop in containers when processing key %s", key) end local next_iteration_containers = {} for _, location in ipairs(last_iteration_containers) do local containers = location.spec.containers if containers then for _, container in ipairs(containers) do local container_group, container_key, container_spec = export.get_matching_location { placetypes = container.placetype, key = container.key, } if not keys_seen[container_key] then insert(next_iteration_containers, { group = container_group, key = container_key, spec = container_spec }) keys_seen[container_key] = true end end end end if not next_iteration_containers[1] then return nil end last_iteration_containers = next_iteration_containers return next_iteration_containers end end --[==[ Given a placename, convert it into a link (two-part if `display_form` is given and differs from `placename`) and add `"the "` to the beginning if called for in `spec`. ]==] function export.construct_linked_placename(spec, placename, display_form) local linked_placename = display_form and placename ~= display_form and ("[[%s|%s]]"):format(placename, display_form) or ("[[%s]]"):format(placename) if spec.the then linked_placename = "the " .. linked_placename end return linked_placename end --[=[ This is typically used to define `key_to_placename`. It generates a function that chops off parts of a string (a location key), typically at the end, in order to get the full and elliptical versions of a placename. (See the documentation above for `key_to_placename` under "Location group tables" for the difference between full and elliptical placenames.) `container_patterns` is a Lua pattern or a list of possible patterns matching the container at the end of the key, which will be used to remove that container. If multiple patterns are specified, each one is tried until one matches. If `container_patterns` is omitted, this part of the process is skipped. The reulting string becomes the full placename. If `divtype_patterns` is specified, it is likewise either a Lua pattern or list of possible patterns to match and remove the political division affixed onto the end (or possibly the beginning) of the key in the keys of certain countries (such as South Korean and North Korean counties, which include the word "County" in the key). The resulting chopped string becomes the elliptical placename. If `divtype_patterns` is omitted, this part of the process is skipped and the full and elliptical placenames are the same. Typical usage is as follows: ``` key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Anh$"), ``` or (when the political division is part of the key) ``` key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Hàn Quốc$", "$") ``` ]=] local function make_key_to_placename(container_patterns, divtype_patterns) if type(container_patterns) == "string" then container_patterns = {container_patterns} end if type(divtype_patterns) == "string" then divtype_patterns = {divtype_patterns} end return function(key) local full_placename = key if container_patterns then for _, container_pattern in ipairs(container_patterns) do local nsubs full_placename, nsubs = full_placename:gsub(container_pattern, "") if nsubs > 0 then break end end end local elliptical_placename = full_placename if divtype_patterns then for _, divtype_pattern in ipairs(divtype_patterns) do local nsubs elliptical_placename, nsubs = elliptical_placename:gsub(divtype_pattern, "") if nsubs > 0 then break end end end return full_placename, elliptical_placename end end --[=[ This is typically used to define `placename_to_key`. It generates a function that appends a string to the end of a given placename to get the key (see the definition of `placename_to_key` above in the documentation under "Location group tables"). Optional `divtype_suffix` is a raw string (which should not contain hyphens or other characters that have special meaning in Lua patterns) to be appended first to the placename; if already present at the end, it is not appended. `container_suffix` is then added in the same fashion if given. Typical usage is like this: ``` placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Anh") ``` (which will convert e.g. `"Hampshire"` into `"Hampshire, Anh"`) or ``` placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Hàn Quốc", " County") ``` (which will convert e.g. `"Gangwon"` or `"Gangwon County"` into `"Gangwon, Hàn Quốc"`). ]=] local function make_placename_to_key(container_suffix, divtype_suffix) return function(placename) local key = placename if divtype_suffix then if not key:find(divtype_suffix .. "$") then key = key .. divtype_suffix end end if container_suffix then key = key .. container_suffix end return key end end --[=[ This is typically used to define `canonicalize_key_container`, which converts a container as specified in the location data into the canonical form containing both the full container key and its placetype. It generates a function to do the canonicalization of a given container. If the container is a string, `suffix` is appended onto the string (use {nil} or {""} if there is no suffix to append), and the placetype is set to `placetype`. Otherwise the container is left as-is. Typical usage is like this: ``` canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Canada", "province") ``` which will convert e.g. `"Ontario"` into `{key = "Ontario, Canada", placetype = "province"}`. ]=] local function make_canonicalize_key_container(suffix, placetype) return function(container) if type(container) == "string" then return {key = container .. (suffix or ""), placetype = placetype} else return container end end end ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Top-level tables -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- export.continents = { ["Trái Đất"] = {placetype = "planet", addl_parents = {"tự nhiên"}, fulldesc = "=là hành tinh thứ ba tính từ Mặt Trời", commonscat = "Earth"}, ["châu Phi"] = {placetype = "continent", commonscat = "Africa", container = {key = "Trái Đất", placetype = "planet"}}, ["châu Mỹ"] = {placetype = {"supercontinent", "continent"}, container = {key = "Trái Đất", placetype = "planet"}, keydesc = "[[America]], in the sense of [[North America]] and [[South America]] combined", wp = "Châu Mỹ"}, ["Americas"] = {alias_of = "châu Mỹ"}, ["America"] = {alias_of = "châu Mỹ"}, ["Bắc Mỹ"] = {placetype = "continent", container = {key = "châu Mỹ", placetype = "supercontinent"}}, ["Caribe"] = {placetype = {"continental region", "region"}, container = {key = "Bắc Mỹ", placetype = "continent"}}, ["Trung Mỹ"] = {placetype = {"continental region", "region"}, container = {key = "Bắc Mỹ", placetype = "continent"}}, ["Nam Mỹ"] = {placetype = "continent", container = {key = "châu Mỹ", placetype = "supercontinent"}}, ["châu Nam Cực"] = {placetype = "continent", container = {key = "Trái Đất", placetype = "planet"}, fulldesc = "=lục địa nằm xa về phía nam và tây nhất trên Trái Đất, chứa Cực Nam địa lý và nằm trong Vùng Nam Cực của Nam Bán cầu"}, ["Đại lục Á Âu"] = {placetype = {"supercontinent", "continent"}, container = {key = "Trái Đất", placetype = "planet"}, keydesc = "một khu vực đất đai rộng lớn, bao gồm châu Âu và châu Á"}, ["châu Á"] = {placetype = "continent", container = {key = "Đại lục Á Âu", placetype = "supercontinent"}}, ["châu Âu"] = {placetype = "continent", container = {key = "Đại lục Á Âu", placetype = "supercontinent"}}, ["châu Đại Dương"] = {placetype = "continent", container = {key = "Trái Đất", placetype = "planet"}}, ["Melanesia"] = {placetype = {"continental region", "region"}, container = {key = "châu Đại Dương", placetype = "continent"}}, ["Micronesia"] = {placetype = {"continental region", "region"}, container = {key = "châu Đại Dương", placetype = "continent"}}, ["Polynesia"] = {placetype = {"continental region", "region"}, container = {key = "châu Đại Dương", placetype = "continent"}}, } export.continents_group = { default_overriding_bare_label_parents = {}, -- container parents should be used default_divs = {{type = "quốc gia", prep = "của"}}, -- It's enough to mention the first-level continent or continent group. It seems excessive to write e.g. -- "El Salvador, a country in Central America, a continental region in North America, a continent in America, ...". default_no_include_container_in_desc = true, default_no_container_cat = true, default_no_container_parent = true, default_no_auto_augment_container = true, default_no_generic_place_cat = true, -- French Guyana is in France but not in Europe, which should not be an issue, so don't check holonym mismatches at -- this level. We also run into problems with supercontinents, which have "continent" as the fallback and cause -- mismatches. default_no_check_holonym_mismatch = true, data = export.continents, } -- Countries: including those with partial recognition that are normally considered countries (e.g. Kosovo, Taiwan). export.countries = { ["Afghanistan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}}, ["Albania"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"counties", "municipalities", "communes", {type = "administrative units", cat_as = "communes"}, }, british_spelling = true}, ["Algeria"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"tỉnh", "communes", "districts", "municipalities"}}, ["Andorra"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Angola"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "municipalities"}}, ["Antigua and Barbuda"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"provinces"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Argentina"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"provinces", "departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Armenia"] = {container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"tỉnh", "districts", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Republic of Armenia"] = {alias_of = "Armenia"}, -- differs in "the" -- Both a country and continent ["Úc"] = {container = "châu Đại Dương", divs = { {type = "states", cat_as = "states and territories"}, {type = "territories", cat_as = "states and territories"}, {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF states", cat_as = "abbreviations of states and territories"}, {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF territories", cat_as = "abbreviations of states and territories"}, "local government areas", "dependent territories", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Australia"] = {alias_of = "Úc"}, ["Áo"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"states", "districts", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Azerbaijan"] = {container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"districts", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Bahamas"] = {the = true, container = "Caribe", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true, wp = "The %l"}, ["Bahrain"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates"}}, ["Bangladesh"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"divisions", "districts", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Barbados"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Belarus"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Bỉ"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "tỉnh", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Belize"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Benin"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"departments", "communes"}}, ["Bhutan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"districts", "gewogs"}}, ["Bolivia"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"tỉnh", "departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Bosna và Hercegovina"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"entities", "cantons", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Bosnia and Hercegovina"] = {alias_of = "Bosna và Hercegovina", display = true}, ["Bosnia và Hercegovina"] = {alias_of = "Bosna và Hercegovina", display = true}, ["Bosnia-Herzegovina"] = {alias_of = "Bosna và Hercegovina", display = true}, ["Bosnia-Hercegovina"] = {alias_of = "Bosna và Hercegovina", display = true}, ["Bosnia"] = {alias_of = "Bosna và Hercegovina", display = true}, ["Botswana"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts", "subdistricts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Brasil"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = { "states", "municipalities", "macroregions", {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF states", cat_as = "abbreviations of states"}, }}, ["Brazil"] = {alias_of = "Brasil", display = true}, ["Brunei"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"districts", "mukims"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Bulgaria"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"tỉnh", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Burkina Faso"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "departments", "provinces"}}, ["Burundi"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "communes"}}, ["Campuchia"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}}, ["Cameroon"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "departments"}}, ["Canada"] = {container = "Bắc Mỹ", divs = { {type = "tỉnh", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, {type = "territories", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF provinces", cat_as = "abbreviations of provinces and territories"}, {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF territories", cat_as = "abbreviations of provinces and territories"}, "counties", "districts", "municipalities", "regional municipalities", "rural municipalities", "parishes", -- Don't change the following to something more politically correct (e.g. "First Nations reserves") until/unless -- the Canadian government makes a similar switch (and note that as of Apr 18 2025, the Wikipedia article is -- still at [[w:Indian reserves]]). "Indian reserves", "census divisions", {type = "townships", prep = "in"}, }, british_spelling = true}, ["Cape Verde"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"municipalities", "parishes"}}, ["Cabo Verde"] = {alias_of = "Cape Verde", display = true}, ["Cộng hòa Trung Phi"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"prefectures", "subprefectures"}}, ["CAR"] = {alias_of = "Cộng hòa Trung Phi", display = true}, ["C.A.R"] = {alias_of = "Cộng hòa Trung Phi", display = true}, ["Tchad"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "departments"}}, ["Chad"] = {alias_of = "Tchad", display = true}, ["Chile"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"regions", "tỉnh", "communes"}}, ["Trung Quốc"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = { {type = "tỉnh", cat_as = "provinces and autonomous regions"}, {type = "autonomous regions", cat_as = "provinces and autonomous regions"}, {type = "FORMER provinces", cat_as = "former provinces"}, "special administrative regions", "prefectures", {type = "FORMER prefectures", cat_as = "former prefectures"}, "prefecture-level cities", {type = "counties", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, {type = "county-level cities", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, {type = "FORMER counties", cat_as = "former counties and county-level cities"}, {type = "FORMER county-level cities", cat_as = "former counties and county-level cities"}, -- "towns" (but not "townships") are automatically added as they are specified as generic_before_non_cities. "districts", {type = "FORMER districts", cat_as = "former districts"}, "subdistricts", "townships", "municipalities", {type = "direct-administered municipalities", cat_as = "municipalities"}, }}, ["People's Republic of China"] = {alias_of = "Trung Quốc"}, -- differs in "the" ["Colombia"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Comoros"] = {the = true, container = "châu Phi", divs = {"autonomous islands"}}, ["Costa Rica"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"provinces", "cantons"}}, ["Croatia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"counties", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Cuba"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"tỉnh", "municipalities"}}, ["Cyprus"] = {container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Czech Republic"] = {the = true, container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "districts", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Czechia"] = {alias_of = "Czech Republic"}, -- differs in "the" ["Democratic Republic of the Congo"] = {the = true, container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "territories"}}, ["Congo"] = {alias_of = "Democratic Republic of the Congo", display = true, the = true}, ["DRC"] = {alias_of = "Democratic Republic of the Congo", display = true, the = true}, ["D.R.C"] = {alias_of = "Democratic Republic of the Congo", display = true, the = true}, ["Đan Mạch"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "municipalities", "dependent territories"}, british_spelling = true, -- Wikipedia separates [[w:Denmark]] (constituent country) from [[w:Danish Realm]] (country) }, ["Djibouti"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["Dominica"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Dominican Republic"] = {the = true, container = "Caribe", divs = {"provinces", "municipalities"}, keydesc = "the [[Dominican Republic]], the country that shares the [[Caribbean]] island of [[Hispaniola]] with [[Haiti]]"}, ["Đông Timor"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"municipalities"}, wp = "Timor-Leste"}, ["Timor-Leste"] = {alias_of = "Đông Timor", display = true}, ["Ecuador"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"provinces", "cantons"}}, ["Ai Cập"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"governorates", "regions"}, british_spelling = true}, ["El Salvador"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Guinea Xích Đạo"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"tỉnh"}}, ["Eritrea"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "subregions"}}, ["Estonia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"counties", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Eswatini"] = {container = "châu Phi", british_spelling = true}, ["Swaziland"] = {alias_of = "Eswatini", display = true}, ["Ethiopia"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "zones"}}, ["Federated States of Micronesia"] = {the = true, container = "Micronesia", divs = {"states"}}, ["Micronesia"] = {alias_of = "Federated States of Micronesia"}, ["Fiji"] = {container = "Melanesia", divs = {"divisions", "provinces"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Phần Lan"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Pháp"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "cantons", "collectivities", "communes", {type = "municipalities", cat_as = "communes"}, "departments", {type = "prefectures", cat_as = {"prefectures", "departmental capitals"}}, {type = "French prefectures", cat_as = {"prefectures", "departmental capitals"}}, "dependent territories", "territories", "tỉnh", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Gabon"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "departments"}}, ["Gambia"] = {the = true, container = "châu Phi", divs = {"divisions", "districts"}, british_spelling = true, wp = "The %l"}, ["Gruzia"] = {container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"regions", "districts"}, keydesc = "the country of [[Georgia]], in [[Eurasia]]", british_spelling = true, wp = "%l"}, ["Georgia"] = {alias_of = "Gruzia"}, ["Đức"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = { "states", -- Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia have administrative regions as divisions, but -- there aren't really enough of them to categorize per state. "regions", "municipalities", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Ghana"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Hy Lạp"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "regional units", "municipalities", {type = "peripheries", cat_as = {"regions"}}, }, british_spelling = true}, ["Grenada"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Guatemala"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Guinea"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "prefectures"}}, ["Guinea-Bissau"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions"}}, ["Guyana"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"regions"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Haiti"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"departments", "arrondissements"}}, ["Honduras"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Hungary"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"counties", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Iceland"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "municipalities", "counties"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Ấn Độ"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = { {type = "states", cat_as = "states and union territories"}, {type = "union territories", cat_as = "states and union territories"}, {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF states", cat_as = "abbreviations of states and union territories"}, {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF union territories", cat_as = "abbreviations of states and union territories"}, "divisions", "districts", "municipalities", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Indonesia"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"regencies", "tỉnh", {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF provinces", cat_as = "abbreviations of provinces"}, }}, ["Iran"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "counties"}}, ["Iraq"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates", "districts"}}, ["Ireland"] = {container = "châu Âu", addl_parents = {"British Isles"}, divs = {"counties", "districts", "provinces"}, british_spelling = true, wp = "Republic of %l"}, ["Republic of Ireland"] = {alias_of = "Ireland"}, -- differs in "the" ["Israel"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"districts"}}, ["Ý"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = { "regions", "provinces", "metropolitan cities", "municipalities", {type = "autonomous regions", cat_as = "regions"}, }, british_spelling = true}, ["Bờ Biển Ngà"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts", "regions"}}, -- We should really be using Ivory Coast (common name) but there are political ramifications to the use of -- Côte d'Ivoire so don't make it a display alias. ["Côte d'Ivoire"] = {alias_of = "Bờ Biển Ngà"}, ["Jamaica"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Nhật Bản"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"prefectures", "subprefectures", "municipalities"}}, ["Jordan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates"}}, ["Kazakhstan"] = {container = {"châu Á", "châu Âu"}, divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["Kenya"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"counties"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Kiribati"] = {container = "Micronesia", british_spelling = true}, ["Kosovo"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"districts", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Kuwait"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates", "areas"}}, ["Kyrgyzstan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["Lào"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}}, ["Latvia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Lebanon"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates", "districts"}}, ["Lesotho"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Liberia"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"counties", "districts"}}, ["Libya"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts", "municipalities"}}, ["Liechtenstein"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Litva"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"counties", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Luxembourg"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"cantons", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Madagascar"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["Malawi"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Malaysia"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"states", "federal territories", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Maldives"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "administrative atolls"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Mali"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "cercles"}}, ["Malta"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "local councils"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Marshall Islands"] = {the = true, container = "Micronesia", divs = {"municipalities"}}, ["Mauritania"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "departments"}}, ["Mauritius"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Mexico"] = {container = "Bắc Mỹ", addl_parents = {"Trung Mỹ"}, divs = { "states", "municipalities", {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF states", cat_as = "abbreviations of states"}, }}, ["Moldova"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = { {type = "districts", cat_as = "districts and autonomous territorial units"}, {type = "autonomous territorial units", cat_as = "districts and autonomous territorial units"}, "communes", "municipalities", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Monaco"] = {placetype = {"city-state", "quốc gia"}, container = "châu Âu", -- We want the first placetype to be 'city-state' so the description of Monaco says it's a city-state, but we -- want its parent to be "countries in Europe". bare_category_parent_type = {type = "quốc gia", prep = "của"}, is_city = true, british_spelling = true}, ["Mông Cổ"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}}, ["Montenegro"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"municipalities"}}, ["Maroc"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "prefectures", "tỉnh"}}, ["Mozambique"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}}, ["Myanmar"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"regions", "states", "union territories", {type = "self-administered zones", cat_as = "self-administered areas"}, {type = "self-administered divisions", cat_as = "self-administered areas"}, "districts"}}, ["Burma"] = {alias_of = "Myanmar"}, -- not display-canonicalizing; has political connotations ["Namibia"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "constituencies"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Nauru"] = {container = "Micronesia", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Nepal"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}}, ["Hà Lan"] = {placetype = {"quốc gia", "constituent country"}, container = "châu Âu", divs = {"tỉnh", "municipalities", {type = "FORMER municipalities", cat_as = "former municipalities"}, "dependent territories", "constituent countries"}, british_spelling = true, -- Wikipedia separates [[w:Netherlands]] (constituent country) from [[w:Kingdom of the Netherlands]] -- (country) }, ["New Zealand"] = {container = "Polynesia", divs = { "regions", "dependent territories", "territorial authorities", {type = "districts", cat_as = "territorial authorities"}, }, british_spelling = true}, ["Nicaragua"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Niger"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "departments"}}, ["Nigeria"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = { "states", -- Categorize the Federal Capital Territory as a state because there's only one of it; we could categorize -- everything under 'states and territories' but that seems a bit pointless. {type = "federal territories", cat_as = "states"}, "local government areas", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Cộng hòa Dân chủ Nhân dân Triều Tiên"] = {container = "châu Á", addl_parents = {"Korea"}, divs = {"tỉnh", "counties"}}, ["North Macedonia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Macedonia"] = {alias_of = "North Macedonia", display = true}, ["Republic of North Macedonia"] = {alias_of = "North Macedonia"}, -- differs in "the" ["Republic of Macedonia"] = {alias_of = "North Macedonia"}, -- differs in "the" ["Na Uy"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"counties", "municipalities", "dependent territories", "districts", "unincorporated areas"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Oman"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates", "tỉnh"}}, ["Pakistan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = { {type = "tỉnh", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, {type = "administrative territories", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, {type = "federal territories", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, {type = "territories", cat_as = "provinces and territories"}, "divisions", "districts", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Palau"] = {container = "Micronesia", divs = {"states"}}, ["Palestine"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates"}}, ["State of Palestine"] = {alias_of = "Palestine"}, -- differs in "the" ["Panama"] = {container = "Trung Mỹ", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}}, ["Papua New Guinea"] = {container = "Melanesia", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Paraguay"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "districts"}}, ["Peru"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"regions", "provinces", "districts"}}, ["Philippines"] = {the = true, container = "châu Á", divs = {"regions", "tỉnh", "districts", "municipalities", "barangays"}}, ["Ba Lan"] = {divs = {"voivodeships", "counties", {type = "Polish colonies", cat_as = {{type = "villages", prep = "in"}}}, }, container = "châu Âu", british_spelling = true}, ["Bồ Đào Nha"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = { {type = "autonomous regions", cat_as = "districts and autonomous regions"}, {type = "districts", cat_as = "districts and autonomous regions"}, "tỉnh", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Qatar"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"municipalities", "zones"}}, ["Republic of the Congo"] = {the = true, container = "châu Phi", divs = {"departments", "districts"}}, ["Congo Republic"] = {alias_of = "Republic of the Congo", display = true, the = true}, ["Romania"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = { "regions", "counties", "communes", {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF counties", cat_as = "abbreviations of counties"}, }, british_spelling = true}, ["Nga"] = {container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = { "federal subjects", "republics", "autonomous oblasts", "autonomous okrugs", "oblasts", "krais", "federal cities", "districts", "federal districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Rwanda"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}}, ["Saint Kitts and Nevis"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Saint Kitts"] = {alias_of = "Saint Kitts and Nevis", display = true}, ["Saint Lucia"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"parishes"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Saint Vincent"] = {alias_of = "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", display = true}, ["SVG"] = {alias_of = "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", display = true}, ["S.V.G"] = {alias_of = "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", display = true}, ["Samoa"] = {container = "Polynesia", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["San Marino"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["São Tomé and Príncipe"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts"}}, ["São Tome and Principe"] = {alias_of = "São Tomé and Príncipe", display = true}, ["São Tomé"] = {alias_of = "São Tomé and Príncipe", display = true}, ["São Tome"] = {alias_of = "São Tomé and Príncipe", display = true}, ["Ả Rập Xê Út"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"provinces", "governorates"}}, ["Senegal"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "departments"}}, ["Serbia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"districts", "municipalities", "autonomous provinces"}}, ["Seychelles"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Sierra Leone"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Singapore"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"districts", "regions"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Slovakia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"regions", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Slovenia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"statistical regions", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, -- Note: While the official name does not include "the" at the beginning, -- it sounds strange in English to leave it out and it's commonly included. ["Solomon Islands"] = {the = true, container = "Melanesia", divs = {"provinces"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Somalia"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["South Africa"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = { "provinces", "districts", {type = "district municipalities", cat_as = "districts"}, {type = "metropolitan municipalities", cat_as = "districts"}, "municipalities", }, british_spelling = true}, ["Hàn Quốc"] = {container = "châu Á", addl_parents = {"Korea"}, divs = {"provinces", "counties", "districts"}}, ["Nam Sudan"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "states", "counties"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Tây Ban Nha"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"autonomous communities", "tỉnh", "municipalities", "comarcas", "autonomous cities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Sri Lanka"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Sudan"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"states", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Suriname"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"districts"}}, ["Thụy Điển"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"tỉnh", "counties", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Switzerland"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"cantons", "municipalities", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Syria"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates", "districts"}}, ["Đài Loan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"counties", "districts", "townships", "special municipalities"}}, ["Republic of China"] = {alias_of = "Đài Loan"}, -- differs in "the", different political connotations ["Tajikistan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["Tanzania"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"regions", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Thái Lan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts", "subdistricts"}}, ["Togo"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "prefectures"}}, ["Tonga"] = {container = "Polynesia", divs = {"divisions"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Trinidad and Tobago"] = {container = "Caribe", divs = {"regions", "municipalities"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Tunisia"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"governorates", "delegations"}}, ["Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ"] = {container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"tỉnh", "districts"}}, -- Foreign names generally get display-canonicalized. ["Türkiye"] = {alias_of = "Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ", display = true}, ["Turkmenistan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = { -- The 5 regions are often also called provinces "regions", {type = "tỉnh", cat_as = "regions"}, "districts"}, }, ["Tuvalu"] = {container = "Polynesia", divs = {"atolls"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Uganda"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"districts", "counties"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Ukraina"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = { {type = "oblasts", cat_as = "oblasts and autonomous republics"}, {type = "autonomous republics", cat_as = "oblasts and autonomous republics"}, "raions", "hromadas", }, british_spelling = true}, ["United Arab Emirates"] = {the = true, container = "châu Á", divs = {"emirates"}}, -- Abbreviations get display-canonicalized. ["UAE"] = {alias_of = "United Arab Emirates", display = true, the = true}, ["U.A.E."] = {alias_of = "United Arab Emirates", display = true, the = true}, ["United Kingdom"] = {the = true, container = "châu Âu", addl_parents = {"British Isles"}, divs = {"constituent countries", "counties", "districts", "boroughs", "territories", "dependent territories", "traditional counties"}, keydesc = "the [[United Kingdom]] of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", british_spelling = true}, -- Abbreviations get display-canonicalized. ["UK"] = {alias_of = "United Kingdom", display = true, the = true}, ["U.K."] = {alias_of = "United Kingdom", display = true, the = true}, ["Hoa Kỳ"] = {container = "Bắc Mỹ", divs = {"counties", "county seats", "states", "territories", "dependent territories", {type = "ABBREVIATION_OF states", cat_as = "abbreviations of states"}, {type = "DEROGATORY_NAME_FOR states", cat_as = "derogatory names for states"}, {type = "NICKNAME_FOR states", cat_as = "nicknames for states"}, {type = "OFFICIAL_NICKNAME_FOR states", cat_as = "official nicknames for states"}, {type = "boroughs", prep = "in"}, -- exist in Pennsylvania and New Jersey "municipalities", -- these exist politically at least in Colorado and Connecticut {type = "census-designated places", prep = "in"}, {type = "unincorporated communities", prep = "in"}, -- Don't change the following to something more politically correct until/unless the US government makes a -- similar switch (and note that as of Apr 18 2025, the Wikipedia article is still at -- [[w:Indian reservations]]). "Indian reservations", }}, -- Abbreviations and long forms (when possible) get display-canonicalized. ["US"] = {alias_of = "Hoa Kỳ", display = true, the = true}, ["U.S."] = {alias_of = "Hoa Kỳ", display = true, the = true}, ["USA"] = {alias_of = "Hoa Kỳ", display = true, the = true}, ["U.S.A."] = {alias_of = "Hoa Kỳ", display = true, the = true}, ["United States of America"] = {alias_of = "Hoa Kỳ", display = true, the = true}, ["Uruguay"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"departments", "municipalities"}}, ["Uzbekistan"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"regions", "districts"}}, ["Vanuatu"] = {container = "Melanesia", divs = {"provinces"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Vatican City"] = {placetype = {"city-state", "quốc gia"}, container = "châu Âu", -- First placetype should be 'city-state' for to shown up in its description, -- Its parent should still be "countries in Europe". bare_category_parent_type = {type = "quốc gia", prep = "của"}, addl_parents = {"Rome"}, is_city = true, british_spelling = true}, ["Vatican"] = {alias_of = "Vatican City"}, -- differs in "the" ["Venezuela"] = {container = "Nam Mỹ", divs = {"states", "municipalities"}}, ["Việt Nam"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"tỉnh", "districts", "municipalities"}}, ["Western Sahara"] = {placetype = {"territory", "quốc gia"}, container = "châu Phi", bare_category_parent_type = {type = "quốc gia", prep = "của"}, }, -- Not display-canonicalizable both due to differences in 'the' and the sovereignty dispute over Western Sahara ["Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"] = {alias_of = "Western Sahara"}, ["SADR"] = {alias_of = "Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic", display = true, the = true}, ["Yemen"] = {container = "châu Á", divs = {"governorates", "districts"}}, ["Zambia"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Zimbabwe"] = {container = "châu Phi", divs = {"provinces", "districts"}, british_spelling = true}, } local function canonicalize_continent_container(key) if type(key) ~= "string" then return key end if export.continents[key] then return {key = key, placetype = export.continents[key].placetype} end internal_error("Unrecognized key %s in `canonicalize_continent_like`", key) end export.countries_group = { canonicalize_key_container = canonicalize_continent_container, default_overriding_bare_label_parents = {"+++", "quốc gia"}, default_placetype = "quốc gia", default_no_container_cat = true, default_no_container_parent = true, -- No need to augment country holonyms with continents; not needed for disambiguation. default_no_auto_augment_container = true, data = export.countries, } -- Country-like entities: typically overseas territories or de-facto independent countries, which in both cases -- are not internationally recognized as sovereign nations but which we treat similarly to countries. export.country_like_entities = { -- British Overseas Territory ["Akrotiri and Dhekelia"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Cyprus", "châu Âu", "châu Á"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- Åland: Listed as a region of Finland. Wikipedia lists this under "dependent territories" in -- [[w:List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent]]. -- unincorporated territory of the United States ["American Samoa"] = { placetype = {"unincorporated territory", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Anguilla"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- de-facto independent state, internationally recognized as part of Georgia ["Abkhazia"] = { placetype = {"unrecognized country", "quốc gia"}, addl_parents = {"Georgia", "châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"districts"}, keydesc = "the de-facto independent state of [[Abkhazia]], internationally recognized as part of the country of [[Georgia]]", british_spelling = true, }, -- Australian external territory ["Ashmore and Cartier Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"external territory", "territory"}, container = "Úc", addl_parents = {"châu Á"}, }, -- constituent country of the Netherlands ["Aruba"] = { placetype = {"constituent country", "quốc gia"}, container = "Hà Lan", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Bermuda"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Bắc Mỹ"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- special municipality of the Netherlands ["Bonaire"] = { placetype = {"special municipality", "municipality", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hà Lan", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, is_city = true, british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["British Indian Ocean Territory"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"châu Á"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["British Virgin Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- Norwegian dependent territory ["Bouvet Island"] = { placetype = {"dependent territory", "territory"}, container = "Na Uy", addl_parents = {"châu Phi"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Cayman Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- Australian external territory ["Christmas Island"] = { placetype = {"external territory", "territory"}, container = "Úc", addl_parents = {"châu Á"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- Sui generis French "state private property" per Wikipedia; classify as overseas territory like the -- French Southern and Antarctic Lands. ["Clipperton Island"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Bắc Mỹ"}, }, -- Australian external territory; also called the Keeling Islands or (officially) the Cocos (Keeling) Islands ["Cocos Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"external territory", "territory"}, container = "Úc", addl_parents = {"châu Á"}, wp = "Cocos (Keeling) Islands", british_spelling = true, }, ["Cocos (Keeling) Islands"] = {alias_of = "Cocos Islands", display = true, the = true}, ["Keeling Islands"] = {alias_of = "Cocos Islands", display = true, the = true}, -- self-governing but in free association with New Zealand ["Cook Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"quốc gia"}, container = "New Zealand", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- constituent country of the Netherlands ["Curaçao"] = { placetype = {"constituent country", "quốc gia"}, container = "Hà Lan", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- special territory of Chile ["Easter Island"] = { placetype = {"special territory", "territory"}, container = "Chile", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Falkland Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Nam Mỹ"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- autonomous territory of Denmark ["Faroe Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"autonomous territory", "territory"}, container = "Đan Mạch", addl_parents = {"châu Âu"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas department and region of France ["French Guiana"] = { placetype = {"overseas department", "department", "administrative region", "region"}, container = "Pháp", divs = {"communes"}, addl_parents = {"Nam Mỹ"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas collectivity of France ["French Polynesia"] = { placetype = {"overseas collectivity", "collectivity"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- French overseas territory ["French Southern and Antarctic Lands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"châu Phi"}, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Gibraltar"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"châu Âu"}, is_city = true, british_spelling = true, }, -- autonomous territory of Denmark ["Greenland"] = { placetype = {"autonomous territory", "territory"}, container = "Đan Mạch", addl_parents = {"Bắc Mỹ"}, divs = {"municipalities"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas department and region of France ["Guadeloupe"] = { placetype = {"overseas department", "department", "administrative region", "region"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, divs = {"communes"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- unincorporated territory of the United States ["Guam"] = { placetype = {"unincorporated territory", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Micronesia"}, }, -- self-governing British Crown dependency; technically called the Bailiwick of Guernsey ["Guernsey"] = { placetype = {"crown dependency", "dependency", "dependent territory", "bailiwick", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"British Isles", "châu Âu"}, british_spelling = true, wp = "Bailiwick of %l", }, ["Bailiwick of Guernsey"] = {alias_of = "Guernsey"}, -- Australian external territory ["Heard Island and McDonald Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"external territory", "territory"}, container = "Úc", addl_parents = {"châu Phi"}, }, -- special administrative region of China ["Hồng Kông"] = { placetype = {"special administrative region", "thành phố"}, container = "Trung Quốc", is_city = true, british_spelling = true, }, -- self-governing British Crown dependency ["Isle of Man"] = { the = true, placetype = {"crown dependency", "dependency", "dependent territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"British Isles", "châu Âu"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- Norwegian unincorporated area ["Jan Mayen"] = { placetype = {"unincorporated area", "dependent territory", "territory", "island"}, container = "Na Uy", addl_parents = {"châu Âu"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- self-governing British Crown dependency; technically called the Bailiwick of Jersey ["Jersey"] = { placetype = {"crown dependency", "dependency", "dependent territory", "bailiwick", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"British Isles", "châu Âu"}, british_spelling = true, }, ["Bailiwick of Jersey"] = {alias_of = "Jersey"}, -- special administrative region of China ["Ma Cao"] = { placetype = {"special administrative region", "thành phố"}, container = "Trung Quốc", is_city = true, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas department and region of France ["Martinique"] = { placetype = {"overseas department", "department", "administrative region", "region"}, container = "Pháp", divs = {"communes"}, addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas department and region of France ["Mayotte"] = { placetype = {"overseas department", "department", "administrative region", "region"}, container = "Pháp", divs = {"communes"}, addl_parents = {"châu Phi"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Montserrat"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- special collectivity of France ["New Caledonia"] = { placetype = {"special collectivity", "collectivity"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Melanesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- dependent territory of New Zealand ["New Zealand Subantarctic Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"dependent territory", "territory"}, container = "New Zealand", addl_parents = {"Antarctica"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- self-governing but in free association with New Zealand ["Niue"] = { placetype = {"quốc gia"}, container = "New Zealand", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- Australian external territory ["Norfolk Island"] = { placetype = {"external territory", "territory"}, container = "Úc", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- de-facto independent state, internationally recognized as part of Cyprus ["Northern Cyprus"] = { placetype = {"unrecognized country", "quốc gia"}, addl_parents = {"Cyprus", "Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ", "châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"districts"}, keydesc = "the de-facto independent state of [[Northern Cyprus]], internationally recognized as part of the country of [[Cyprus]]", british_spelling = true, }, -- commonwealth, unincorporated territory of the United States ["Northern Mariana Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"commonwealth", "unincorporated territory", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Micronesia"}, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Pitcairn Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- commonwealth of the United States ["Puerto Rico"] = { placetype = {"commonwealth", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, divs = {"municipalities"}, }, -- overseas department and region of France ["Réunion"] = { placetype = {"overseas department", "department", "administrative region", "region"}, container = "Pháp", divs = {"communes"}, addl_parents = {"châu Phi"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- special municipality of the Netherlands ["Saba"] = { placetype = {"special municipality", "municipality", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hà Lan", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, is_city = true, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas collectivity of France ["Saint Barthélemy"] = { placetype = {"overseas collectivity", "collectivity"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", divs = {{type = "constituent parts", container_parent_type = false}}, addl_parents = {"Atlantic Ocean", "châu Phi"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- constituent parts of the combined oveseas territory ["Ascension Island"] = { placetype = {"constituent part", "territory", "island"}, container = {key = "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha", placetype = "overseas territory"}, addl_parents = {"Atlantic Ocean"}, overriding_bare_label_parents = {}, no_container_cat = false, no_container_parent = false, no_auto_augment_container = false, }, ["Saint Helena"] = { placetype = {"constituent part", "territory", "island"}, container = {key = "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha", placetype = "overseas territory"}, addl_parents = {"Atlantic Ocean"}, overriding_bare_label_parents = {}, no_container_cat = false, no_container_parent = false, no_auto_augment_container = false, }, ["Tristan da Cunha"] = { placetype = {"constituent part", "territory", "archipelago"}, container = {key = "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha", placetype = "overseas territory"}, addl_parents = {"Atlantic Ocean"}, overriding_bare_label_parents = {}, no_container_cat = false, no_container_parent = false, no_auto_augment_container = false, }, -- overseas collectivity of France ["Saint Martin"] = { placetype = {"overseas collectivity", "collectivity"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- overseas collectivity of France ["Saint Pierre and Miquelon"] = { placetype = {"overseas collectivity", "collectivity"}, container = "Pháp", divs = {"communes"}, addl_parents = {"Bắc Mỹ"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- special municipality of the Netherlands ["Sint Eustatius"] = { placetype = {"special municipality", "municipality", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hà Lan", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, is_city = true, british_spelling = true, }, -- constituent country of the Netherlands ["Sint Maarten"] = { placetype = {"constituent country", "quốc gia"}, container = "Hà Lan", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- de-facto independent state, internationally recognized as part of Somalia ["Somaliland"] = { placetype = {"unrecognized country", "quốc gia"}, addl_parents = {"Somalia", "châu Phi"}, keydesc = "the de-facto independent state of [[Somaliland]], internationally recognized as part of the country of [[Somalia]]", british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory -- FIXME: We should form the group "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" like we did for -- "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha". ["South Georgia"] = { placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Atlantic Ocean"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- de-facto independent state, internationally recognized as part of Georgia ["South Ossetia"] = { placetype = {"unrecognized country", "quốc gia"}, addl_parents = {"Georgia", "châu Âu", "châu Á"}, keydesc = "the de-facto independent state of [[South Ossetia]], internationally recognized as part of the country of [[Georgia]]", british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["South Sandwich Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Atlantic Ocean"}, wp = true, wpcat = "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands", british_spelling = true, }, -- Norwegian unincorporated area ["Svalbard"] = { placetype = {"unincorporated area", "dependent territory", "territory", "archipelago"}, container = "Na Uy", addl_parents = {"châu Âu"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- dependent territory of New Zealand ["Tokelau"] = { placetype = {"dependent territory", "territory"}, container = "New Zealand", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- de-facto independent state, internationally recognized as part of Moldova ["Transnistria"] = { placetype = {"unrecognized country", "quốc gia"}, addl_parents = {"Moldova", "châu Âu"}, keydesc = "the de-facto independent state of [[Transnistria]], internationally recognized as part of [[Moldova]]", british_spelling = true, }, -- British Overseas Territory ["Turks and Caicos Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "United Kingdom", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, british_spelling = true, }, -- unincorporated territory of the United States ["United States Minor Outlying Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"unincorporated territory", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Islands", "Micronesia", "Polynesia", "Caribe"}, }, -- FIXME: We should add entries for the other minor outlying islands. -- Baker Island (Oceania) -- Howland Island (Oceania) -- Jarvis Island (Oceania) -- Johnston Atoll (Oceania) -- Kingman Reef (Oceania) -- Midway Atoll (Oceania) -- Navassa Island (Caribbean) -- Palmyra Atoll (Oceania) -- Wake Island (Oceania) ["Wake Island"] = { placetype = {"unincorporated territory", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Micronesia"}, }, -- unincorporated territory of the United States ["United States Virgin Islands"] = { the = true, placetype = {"unincorporated territory", "overseas territory", "territory"}, container = "Hoa Kỳ", addl_parents = {"Caribe"}, }, ["U.S. Virgin Islands"] = {alias_of = "United States Virgin Islands", display = true, the = true}, ["US Virgin Islands"] = {alias_of = "United States Virgin Islands", display = true, the = true}, -- overseas collectivity of France ["Wallis and Futuna"] = { placetype = {"overseas collectivity", "collectivity"}, container = "Pháp", addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}, british_spelling = true, }, } export.country_like_entities_group = { -- don't do any transformations between key and placename; in particular, don't chop off anything from -- "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha". key_to_placename = false, placename_to_key = false, canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(nil, "quốc gia"), default_overriding_bare_label_parents = {"country-like entities"}, default_no_container_cat = true, default_no_container_parent = true, -- These entities often aren't really part of their container; a village in Wallis and Futuna (an overseas -- collectivity of France in Polynesia), for example, shouldn't be treated as a village in France, nor as a village -- in Europe. default_no_auto_augment_container = true, data = export.country_like_entities, } -- Former countries and such; we don't create "Cities in ..." categories because they don't exist anymore export.former_countries = { -- de-facto independent state of Armenian ethnicity, internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan -- (also known as Nagorno-Karabakh) -- NOTE: Formerly listed Armenia as a parent; this seems politically non-neutral so I've taken it out. ["Artsakh"] = { placetype = {"unrecognized country", "quốc gia"}, addl_parents = {"Azerbaijan", "châu Âu", "châu Á"}, keydesc = "the former de-facto independent state of [[Artsakh]], internationally recognized as part of [[Azerbaijan]]", british_spelling = true, }, ["Nagorno-Karabakh"] = {alias_of = "Artsakh"}, ["Czechoslovakia"] = {container = "châu Âu", british_spelling = true}, ["East Germany"] = {container = "châu Âu", addl_parents = {"Đức"}, british_spelling = true}, ["North Vietnam"] = {container = "châu Á", addl_parents = {"Vietnam"}}, ["Persia"] = {placetype = {"empire", "quốc gia"}, container = "châu Á", divs = {"provinces"}}, ["Byzantine Empire"] = { the = true, placetype = {"empire", "quốc gia"}, container = {"châu Âu", "châu Phi", "châu Á"}, addl_parents = {"Ancient Europe", "Ancient Near East"}, divs = { "provinces", "themes", }}, ["Roman Empire"] = { the = true, placetype = {"empire", "quốc gia"}, container = {"châu Âu", "châu Phi", "châu Á"}, addl_parents = {"Rome"}, divs = { "provinces", {type = "FORMER provinces", cat_as = "provinces"}, }}, ["Việt Nam Cộng hòa"] = {container = "châu Á", commonscat = "South Vietnam", addl_parents = {"Việt Nam"}}, ["Soviet Union"] = { the = true, container = {"châu Âu", "châu Á"}, divs = {"republics", "autonomous republics"}, british_spelling = true}, ["West Germany"] = {container = "châu Âu", addl_parents = {"Đức"}, british_spelling = true}, ["Yugoslavia"] = {container = "châu Âu", divs = {"districts"}, keydesc = "the former [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] (1918–1943) or the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] (1943–1992)", british_spelling = true}, } export.former_countries_group = { canonicalize_key_container = canonicalize_continent_container, default_overriding_bare_label_parents = {"former countries and country-like entities"}, default_is_former_place = true, default_placetype = "quốc gia", default_no_container_cat = true, default_no_container_parent = true, -- No need to augment country holonyms with continents; not needed for disambiguation. default_no_auto_augment_container = true, data = export.former_countries, } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Subpolity tables -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- export.australia_states_and_territories = { ["Lãnh thổ Thủ đô Úc, Úc"] = {placetype = "territory"}, ["Jervis Bay Territory, Úc"] = {placetype = "territory"}, ["New South Wales, Úc"] = {}, ["Northern Territory, Úc"] = {placetype = "territory"}, ["Queensland, Úc"] = {}, ["South Australia, Úc"] = {}, ["Tasmania, Úc"] = {}, ["Victoria, Úc"] = {}, ["Western Australia, Úc"] = {}, } -- states and territories of Australia export.australia_group = { default_container = "Úc", default_placetype = "state", default_divs = "local government areas", data = export.australia_states_and_territories, } export.austria_states = { ["Vienna, Austria"] = {}, ["Lower Austria, Austria"] = {}, ["Upper Austria, Austria"] = {}, ["Styria, Austria"] = {}, ["Tyrol, Austria"] = {wp = "Tyrol (state)"}, ["Carinthia, Austria"] = {}, ["Salzburg, Austria"] = {wp = "Salzburg (state)"}, ["Vorarlberg, Austria"] = {}, ["Burgenland, Austria"] = {}, } -- states of Austria export.austria_group = { default_container = "Áo", default_placetype = "state", default_divs = "municipalities", data = export.austria_states, } export.bangladesh_divisions = { ["Barisal Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Chittagong Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Dhaka Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Khulna Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Mymensingh Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Rangpur Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, ["Sylhet Division, Bangladesh"] = {}, } -- divisions of Bangladesh export.bangladesh_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Bangladesh$", " Division$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Bangladesh", " Division"), default_container = "Bangladesh", default_placetype = "division", default_divs = "districts", data = export.bangladesh_divisions, } export.brazil_states = { ["Acre, Brazil"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["Alagoas, Brazil"] = {}, ["Amapá, Brazil"] = {}, ["Amazonas, Brazil"] = {wp = "%l (Brazilian state)"}, ["Bahia, Brazil"] = {}, ["Ceará, Brazil"] = {}, ["Distrito Federal, Brazil"] = {wp = "Federal District (Brazil)"}, ["Espírito Santo, Brazil"] = {}, ["Goiás, Brazil"] = {}, ["Maranhão, Brazil"] = {}, ["Mato Grosso, Brazil"] = {}, ["Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil"] = {}, ["Minas Gerais, Brazil"] = {}, ["Pará, Brazil"] = {}, ["Paraíba, Brazil"] = {}, ["Paraná, Brazil"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["Pernambuco, Brazil"] = {}, ["Piauí, Brazil"] = {}, ["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil"] = {}, ["Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"] = {}, ["Rondônia, Brazil"] = {}, ["Roraima, Brazil"] = {}, ["Santa Catarina, Brazil"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["São Paulo, Brazil"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["Sergipe, Brazil"] = {}, ["Tocantins, Brazil"] = {}, } -- states of Brazil export.brazil_group = { default_container = "Brazil", default_placetype = "state", default_divs = "municipalities", data = export.brazil_states, } -- provinces (a.k.a. oblasts) of Bulgaria export.bulgaria_provinces = { ["Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Burgas Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Dobrich Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Gabrovo Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Haskovo Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Kardzhali Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Kyustendil Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Lovech Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Montana Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Pazardzhik Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Pernik Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Pleven Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Plovdiv Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Razgrad Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Ruse Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Shumen Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Silistra Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Sliven Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Smolyan Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Sofia City Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Sofia Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Stara Zagora Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Targovishte Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Varna Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Veliko Tarnovo Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Vidin Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Vratsa Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, ["Yambol Province, Bulgaria"] = {}, } export.bulgaria_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Bulgaria$", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Bulgaria", " Province"), default_container = "Bulgaria", --== source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Bulgaria == divs = {"regions", "planning regions", "provinces", "municipalities", "settlements"}, default_placetype = "province", data = export.bulgaria_provinces, } export.canada_provinces_and_territories = { ["Alberta, Canada"] = {divs = { {type = "municipal districts", container_parent_type = "rural municipalities"}, }}, ["British Columbia, Canada"] = {divs = {type = "regional districts", container_parent_type = false}, "regional municipalities", }, ["Manitoba, Canada"] = {divs = {"rural municipalities"}}, ["New Brunswick, Canada"] = {divs = {"counties", "parishes", {type = "civil parishes", cat_as = "parishes"}}}, ["Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada"] = {}, ["Northwest Territories, Canada"] = {the = true, placetype = "territory"}, ["Nova Scotia, Canada"] = {divs = {"counties", "regional municipalities"}}, ["Nunavut, Canada"] = {placetype = "territory"}, ["Ontario, Canada"] = {divs = {"counties", "regional municipalities", {type = "townships", prep = "in"}}}, ["Prince Edward Island, Canada"] = {divs = {"counties", "parishes", "rural municipalities"}}, ["Saskatchewan, Canada"] = {divs = {"rural municipalities"}}, ["Quebec, Canada"] = {divs = { "counties", {type = "regional county municipalities", container_parent_type = "regional municipalities"}, -- administrative regions have an official (but non-governmental) function but there don't appear to be any -- equivalent regions elsewhere in Canada, so disable the [[Category:Regions of Canada]] grouping {type = "regions", container_parent_type = false}, {type = "townships", prep = "in"}, {type = "parish municipalities", cat_as = {{type = "parishes", container_parent_type = "counties"}, "municipalities"}}, {type = "township municipalities", cat_as = {{type = "townships", prep = "in"}, "municipalities"}}, {type = "village municipalities", cat_as = {{type = "villages", prep = "in"}, "municipalities"}}, }}, ["Yukon, Canada"] = {placetype = "territory"}, ["Yukon Territory, Canada"] = {alias_of = "Yukon, Canada"}, } -- provinces and territories of Canada export.canada_group = { default_container = "Canada", default_placetype = "province", data = export.canada_provinces_and_territories, } export.china_provinces_and_autonomous_regions = { -- direct-administered municipalities are not here but below under prefecture-level cities ["Anhui, China"] = {}, ["Fujian, China"] = {}, ["Fuchien, China"] = {alias_of = "Fujian, China", display = true}, ["Gansu, China"] = {}, ["Guangdong, China"] = {}, ["Guangxi, China"] = {placetype = "autonomous region"}, ["Guizhou, China"] = {}, ["Hainan, China"] = {}, ["Hebei, China"] = {}, ["Heilongjiang, China"] = {}, ["Henan, China"] = {}, ["Hubei, China"] = {}, ["Hunan, China"] = {}, ["Inner Mongolia, China"] = {placetype = "autonomous region"}, ["Jiangsu, China"] = {}, ["Jiangxi, China"] = {}, ["Jilin, China"] = {}, ["Liaoning, China"] = {}, ["Ningxia, China"] = {placetype = "autonomous region"}, ["Qinghai, China"] = {}, ["Shaanxi, China"] = {}, ["Shandong, China"] = {}, ["Shanxi, China"] = {}, ["Sichuan, China"] = {}, ["Tibet, China"] = {placetype = "autonomous region", wp = "Tibet Autonomous Region"}, ["Xinjiang, China"] = {placetype = "autonomous region"}, ["Yunnan, China"] = {}, ["Zhejiang, China"] = {}, } -- provinces and autonomous regions of China export.china_group = { default_container = "Trung Quốc", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = { "prefectures", "prefecture-level cities", "districts", "subdistricts", "townships", {type = "counties", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, {type = "county-level cities", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, }, data = export.china_provinces_and_autonomous_regions, } export.china_prefecture_level_cities = { -- In China, a "prefecture-level city" is not a city in any real sense. It is rather a prefecture, which is an -- administrative unit smaller than a province but bigger than a county, which is administratively controlled by -- the chief city of the prefecture (which bears the same name as the prefecture), in a unified government. Prior -- to the mid-1980's, in fact, prefecture-level cities *were* prefectures, and a few of them (especially in the -- western portion of China) have not yet been converted. Generally a given province is entirely tiled by -- prefecture-level cities, another indication that they should be treated as prefectures and not cities per se. -- Yet another indication is that prefecture-level cities can contain counties and county-level cities (which, much -- like prefecture-level cities, are effectively counties surrounding a chief city of the county, again which bears -- the same name as the county-level city). -- -- For this reason, we treat prefecture-level cities as non-city political divisions, and separately enumerate the -- most populous so we can separately categorize districts and counties under them instead of lumping them at the -- province level. -- -- Note also that China separately distinguishes "urban area" from "metro area". Sometimes the two figures are -- identical but sometimes the metro area is larger (and very occasionally smaller, which I assume is an error). I'm -- guessing that the "urban area" is the contiguous urban area over a certain density while the metro area includes -- all urban areas above a certain density; when the latter is greater, it's because of satellite cities in the -- metro area separated by suburban/exurban or rural land. -- At first I chose all prefecture/province-level cities with a total prefecture/province-level population of at -- least 6,000,000 per the 2020 census with data taken from https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/admin/ (a total -- of 67, including the four direct-administered municipalities), and also chose all prefecture/province-level -- cities whose "urban population" was at least 2,000,000 per the 2020 census with data taken from Wikipedia -- [[w:List of cities in China by population#Cities and towns by population]] (a total of 61 cities; if we cut off -- at 1.5 million we'd have 84 cities, and if we cut off at 1 million we'd have 105 cities). Merging them produces -- 87 cities. Note that this leaves off a few well-known cities (Guilin, Qiqihar, Kashgar, Lhasa, ...) but includes -- a lot of obscure cities. -- -- At a later date I added all cities from citypopulation.de whose "urban" population per the 2020 China census was -- >= 1 million, and then finally added all urban agglomerations from citypopulation.de whose 2025-01-01 estimate -- was >= 1 million. These are sorted below by the urban agglomeration value (which is generally of the "adm-urb" = -- "administrative area (urban population)" type) and sometimes groups nearby cities into a single agglomeration -- (most notably in the case of the Pearl River Delta, grouped under Guangzhou with an agglomeration population of -- 72,700,000 but including a large number of nearby large cities in the agglomeration (although for some reason not -- Hong Kong, maybe due to the administrative issues involved). In addition, citypopulation.de includes divisions -- under a prefecture-level city if they are city-like and have an agglomeration population of at least 1 million; -- this includes several county-level cities, one county and one district (Wanzhou, a "district" of Chongqing -- despite being 142 miles away). None of the county-level cities or counties have districts under them, only -- subdistricts, towns and townships. ["Guangzhou"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 18.7 prefectural, 18.8 urban; sub-provincial city; 16.097 urban (72.700 adm-urb including Dongguan, Foshan, Huizhou, Jiangmen, Shenzhen, Zhongshan) per citypopulation.de ["Dongguan"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 10.5 prefectural, 10.5 urban; 9.645 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Guangzhou agglomeration ["Foshan"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 9.5 prefectural, 9.5 urban; 9.043 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Guangzhou agglomeration ["Huizhou"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 6.0 prefectural, 2.5 urban; 2.900 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Guangzhou agglomeration ["Jiangmen"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 4.798 prefectural, 2.7 urban; 1.795 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Guangzhou agglomeration ["Shenzhen"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 17.5 prefectural, 14.7 urban; sub-provincial city; 17.445 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Guangzhou agglomeration ["Zhongshan"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 4.418 prefectural, 4.4 urban; 3.842 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Guangzhou agglomeration ["Shanghai"] = {placetype = {"direct-administered municipality", "municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- 24.9 prefectural, 29.9 urban; 21.910 urban (41.600 adm-urb including Changshu, Changzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi) per citypopulation.de ["Changshu"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.231 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shanghai agglomeration -- NOTE: Not to be confused with Cangzhou in Hebei ["Changzhou"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 5.278 prefectural, 3.6 urban; 3.187 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shanghai agglomeration -- NOTE: There is also a prefecture-level city Suzhou in Anhui with 5.3 million prefectural inhabitants ["Suzhou"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 12.8 prefectural, 4.3 urban; 5.893 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shanghai agglomeration ["Wuxi"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 7.5 prefectural, 3.3 urban; 3.957 per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shanghai agglomeration ["Bắc Kinh"] = {placetype = {"direct-administered municipality", "municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- 21.9 prefectural, 21.9 urban; 18.961 urban (21.500 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Chengdu"] = {container = "Sichuan"}, -- 20.9 prefectural, 16.9 urban; sub-provincial city; 13.568 urban (18.100 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xiamen"] = {container = "Fujian"}, -- 5.163 prefectural, 5.2 urban; sub-provincial city; 4.617 urban (15.400 adm-urb including Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Putian) per citypopulation.de ["Jinjiang"] = {container = "Fujian"}, -- 1.416 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Xiamen agglomeration ["Quanzhou"] = {container = "Fujian"}, -- 8.8 prefectural, 1.7 urban (6.7 metro); 1.469 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Xiamen agglomeration ["Putian"] = {container = "Fujian"}, -- 3.210 prefectural, 2.0 urban; 1.539 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Xiamen agglomeration ["Hangzhou"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 11.9 prefectural, 10.7 urban; sub-provincial city; 9.236 urban (14.600 adm-urb including Shaoxing) per citypopulation.de ["Shaoxing"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 5.270 prefectural, 2.5 urban; 2.333 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Hangzhou agglomeration ["Xi'an"] = {container = "Shaanxi"}, -- 12.1 prefectural, 11.9 urban; sub-provincial city; 9.393 urban (13.400 adm-urb including Xianyang) per citypopulation.de ["Xianyang"] = {container = "Shaanxi"}, -- 1.193 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Xi'an agglomeration ["Chongqing"] = {placetype = {"direct-administered municipality", "municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- 32.1 prefectural, 16.9 urban; 9.581 urban (12.900 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Wuhan"] = {container = "Hubei"}, -- 12.4 prefectural, 12.3 urban; sub-provincial city; 10.495 urban (12.600 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Tianjin"] = {placetype = {"direct-administered municipality", "municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- 13.9 prefectural, 13.9 urban; 11.052 urban (11.700 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Changsha"] = {container = "Hunan"}, -- 10.0 prefectural, 6.0 urban; 5.630 urban (11.500 adm-urb including Xiangtan, Zhuzhou) per citypopulation.de -- Changsha County -- 1.024 urban per citypopulation.de ["Zhuzhou"] = {container = "Hunan"}, -- 1.510 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Changsha agglomeration ["Zhengzhou"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 12.6 prefectural, 6.7 urban; 6.461 urban (10.300 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Nanjing"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 9.3 prefectural, 9.3 urban; sub-provincial city; 7.520 urban (9.500 adm-urb including Ma'anshan) per citypopulation.de ["Shenyang"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 9.1 prefectural, 7.9 urban; sub-provincial city; 7.026 urban (8.800 adm-urb including Fushun) per citypopulation.de ["Fushun"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 1.229 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shenyang agglomeration ["Hefei"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 9.4 prefectural, 4.2 urban; 5.056 urban (8.200 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Shantou"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 5.502 prefectural, 4.3 urban; 3.839 urban (8.050 adm-urb including Chaozhou, Jieyang, Puning) per citypopulation.de ["Chaozhou"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 1.254 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shantou agglomeration ["Jieyang"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 1.243 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Shantou agglomeration ["Qingdao"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 10.1 prefectural, 7.1 urban; sub-provincial city; 6.165 urban (7.700 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Ningbo"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 9.4 prefectural, 5.1 urban; sub-provincial city; 3.731 urban (7.600 adm-urb including Cixi, Yuyao) per citypopulation.de ["Cixi"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 1.458 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Ningbo agglomeration ["Yuyao"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 1.014 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Ningbo agglomeration -- Hong Kong 7.500 agglomeration per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 estimate including Kowloon, Victoria ["Wenzhou"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 9.6 prefectural, 3.6 urban; 2.582 urban (7.000 adm-urb including Rui'an, Cangnan, Pingyang) per citypopulation.de -- Rui'an is a "county-level city" of the "prefecture-level city" of Wenzhou but in fact is 19 miles away from Wenzhou city proper (urban core to urban core). ["Rui'an"] = {placetype = "county-level city", container = {key = "Wenzhou", placetype = "prefecture-level city"}, divs = {"subdistricts", "townships"}}, -- 1.013 urban per citypopulation.de; included by citypopulation.de in Wenzhou agglomeration ["Kunming"] = {container = "Yunnan"}, -- 8.5 prefectural, 6.0 urban; 5.273 urban (6.800 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- includes Láiwú city ["Jinan"] = {container = "Shandong", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 9.2 prefectural, 8.4 urban; sub-provincial city; 5.648 urban (6.750 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- includes Xīnjí city ["Shijiazhuang"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 11.2 prefectural, 4.1 urban; 5.090 urban (6.450 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Taiyuan"] = {container = "Shanxi"}, -- 5.304 prefectural, 4.5 urban; 4.304 urban (6.150 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Harbin"] = {container = "Heilongjiang"}, -- 10.0 prefectural, 7.0 urban; sub-provincial city; 5.243 urban (5.550 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Nanning"] = {container = {key = "Guangxi, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 8.7 prefectural, 3.8 urban; 4.583 urban (5.550 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Dalian"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 7.5 prefectural, 5.7 urban; sub-provincial city; 4.914 urban (5.400 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Guiyang"] = {container = "Guizhou"}, -- 5.987 prefectural, 3.5 urban; 4.021 urban (5.300 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Changchun"] = {container = "Jilin"}, -- 9.1 prefectural, 5.7 urban; sub-provincial city; 4.557 urban (5.200 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Nanchang"] = {container = "Jiangxi"}, -- 6.3 prefectural, 3.6 (3.9?) urban, 5.3 metro; 3.519 urban (5.150 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Ürümqi"] = {container = {key = "Xinjiang, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 4.054 prefectural, 4.3 urban; 3.843 urban (5.000 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Urumqi"] = {alias_of = "Ürümqi", display = true}, ["Fuzhou"] = {container = "Fujian"}, -- 8.3 prefectural, 4.1 urban; 3.723 urban (4.775 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Linyi"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 11.0 prefectural, 2.3 urban; 2.744 urban (4.650 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zibo"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 4.704 prefectural, 2.6 urban; 2.750 urban (3.975 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Luoyang"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 7.1 prefectural, 2.4 urban; 2.231 urban (3.750 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Lanzhou"] = {container = "Gansu"}, -- 4.359 prefectural, 3.1 urban; 3.013 urban (3.575 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Nantong"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 7.7 prefectural, 2.3 urban; 2.988 urban (3.475 adm-urb) citypopulation.de ["Weifang"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 9.4 prefectural, 2.7 urban; 1.998 urban (3.325 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jiangyin"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.331 urban (3.200 adm-urb including Zhangjiagang) per citypopulation.de ["Zhangjiagang"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.056 urban per citypopulation.de; included in Jiangyin figures ["Xuzhou"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 9.1 prefectural, 2.6 urban; 2.846 urban (3.150 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Handan"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 9.4 prefectural, 2.8 urban; 2.095 urban (2.925 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Hohhot"] = {container = {key = "Inner Mongolia, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 3.446 prefectural, 2.7 urban; 2.373 urban (2.850 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Haikou"] = {container = "Hainan"}, -- 2.873 prefectural, 2.3 urban; 2.349 urban (2.800 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Tangshan"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 7.7 prefectural, 3.4 urban; 2.550 urban (2.750 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xinxiang"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 6.3 prefectural, 1.2 urban, 2.7 metro; 1.271 urban (2.700 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Yiwu"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 1.481 urban (2.700 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zhuhai"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 2.439 prefectural, 2.4 urban; 2.207 urban (2.675 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Taizhou, Zhejiang"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 6.6 prefectural, 1.6 urban; 1.486 urban (2.625 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Taizhou"] = {alias_of = "Taizhou, Zhejiang"}, ["Yantai"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 7.1 prefectural, 2.5 urban; 2.312 urban (2.550 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Yinchuan"] = {container = {key = "Ningxia, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 1.663 urban (2.525 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Liuzhou"] = {container = {key = "Guangxi, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 4.157 prefectural, 2.2 urban; 2.205 urban (2.500 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Anshan"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 1.480 urban (2.350 adm-urb including Liáoyáng) per citypopulation.de ["Yangzhou"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 2.067 urban (2.300 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jiaxing"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 1.188 urban (2.275 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xining"] = {container = "Qinghai"}, -- 1.677 urban (2.250 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- includes Dìngzhōu city and Xióngān Xīnqū ["Baoding"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 11.5 prefectural, 2.0 urban; 1.940 urban (2.225 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Baotou"] = {container = {key = "Inner Mongolia, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 2.709 prefectural, 2.2 urban; 2.104 urban (2.200 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Ganzhou"] = {container = "Jiangxi"}, -- 9.0 prefectural, 1.6 urban; 1.778 urban (2.150 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Pingdingshan"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 1.046 urban (2.100 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zunyi"] = {container = "Guizhou"}, -- 6.6 prefectural, 2.4 urban/metro; 1.675 urban (2.025 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Bengbu"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 1.078 urban (2.000 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Datong"] = {container = "Shanxi"}, -- 3.105 prefectural, 2.0 urban; 1.810 urban (2.000 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Anyang"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 1.188 urban (1.960 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Huai'an"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 4.556 prefectural, 2.6 urban; 1.805 urban (1.940 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zaozhuang"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 1.350 urban (1.900 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zhanjiang"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 7.0 prefectural, 1.9 urban; 1.401 urban (1.890 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Huainan"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 1.256 urban (1.880 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jining"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 8.4 prefectural, 1.5 urban; 1.700 urban (1.880 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Daqing"] = {container = "Heilongjiang"}, -- 1.604 urban (1.860 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Wuhu"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 1.598 urban (1.850 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Guilin"] = {container = {key = "Guangxi, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 1.361 urban (1.830 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Mianyang"] = {container = "Sichuan"}, -- 1.549 urban (1.800 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xiangyang"] = {container = "Hubei"}, -- 1.686 urban (1.800 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Huzhou"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 1.084 urban (1.750 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Puyang"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 0.824 urban (1.750 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Shangqiu"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 7.8 prefectural, 1.9 urban (2.8 metro); 1.031 urban (1.750 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Qinhuangdao"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 1.520 urban (1.740 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xingtai"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 7.1 prefectural, 971,000 urban; 1.5 urban (1.700 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Nanyang"] = {container = "Henan", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 9.7 prefectural, 2.1 urban/metro; 1.481 urban (1.680 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jiaozuo"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 0.875 urban (1.640 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jilin City"] = {container = "Jilin"}, -- 1.509 urban (1.610 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jilin"] = {alias_of = "Jilin City"}, ["Jinhua"] = {container = "Zhejiang"}, -- 7.1 prefectural, 1.5 urban; 1.041 urban (1.590 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Shangrao"] = {container = "Jiangxi"}, -- 6.5 prefectural, 2.1 urban, 1.3 metro [sic]; 1.342 urban (1.580 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Heze"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 8.8 prefectural, 1.3 urban; 1.294 urban (1.570 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Yulin"] = {container = {key = "Guangxi, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}, wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 0.878 urban (1.570 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Tai'an"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 1.417 urban (1.560 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Weihai"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 1.340 urban (1.510 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- Taizhou, Jiangsu would be here (1.490 adm-urb) but moved to china_prefecture_level_cities_2 to avoid clash ["Yancheng"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 6.7 prefectural, 1.6 urban; 1.353 urban (1.460 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zhangjiakou"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 1.339 urban (1.450 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Maoming"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 6.2 prefectural, 2.5 urban; 1.308 urban (1.440 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Nanchong"] = {container = "Sichuan"}, -- 1.254 urban (1.440 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Fuyang"] = {container = "Anhui", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 8.2 prefectural, 2.1 urban; 1.191 urban (1.410 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xuchang"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 0.850 urban (1.390 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Yichang"] = {container = "Hubei"}, -- 1.284 urban (1.390 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Dazhou"] = {container = "Sichuan"}, -- 1.136 urban (1.380 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Kaifeng"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 1.194 urban (1.340 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Luzhou"] = {container = "Sichuan"}, -- 1.128 urban (1.340 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Qingyuan"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 1.198 urban (1.340 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Huaibei"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 0.831 urban (1.330 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Yibin"] = {container = "Sichuan"}, -- 1.101 urban (1.310 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Lu'an"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 1.070 urban (1.300 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Dezhou"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 0.843 urban (1.290 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Rizhao"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 1.147 urban (1.270 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Changzhi"] = {container = "Shanxi"}, -- 1.047 urban (1.250 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Hengyang"] = {container = "Hunan"}, -- 6.6 prefectural, 1.5 urban; 1.185 urban (1.250 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jinzhou"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 1.021 urban (1.240 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Liaocheng"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 1.020 urban (1.240 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Changde"] = {container = "Hunan"}, -- 1.101 urban (1.230 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Suqian"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.082 urban (1.230 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Xinyang"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 6.2 prefectural, 1.4 urban/metro; 1.015 urban (1.230 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Baoji"] = {container = "Shaanxi"}, -- 1.108 urban (1.220 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Yueyang"] = {container = "Hunan"}, -- 1.125 urban (1.220 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zhenjiang"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.124 urban (1.210 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- Wanzhou is a "district" of the "direct-administered municipality" of Chongqing but in fact is 142 miles away from Chongqing city proper. ["Wanzhou"] = {placetype = "district", container = {key = "Chongqing", placetype = "direct-administered municipality"}, divs = {"subdistricts", "townships"}, wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1.078 urban (1.190 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Ulanhad"] = {container = {key = "Inner Mongolia, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 1.093 urban (1.180 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Chifeng"] = {alias_of = "Ulanhad"}, ["Ulankhad"] = {alias_of = "Ulanhad", display = true}, ["Ezhou"] = {container = "Hubei"}, -- < 0.750 urban (1.180 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zhaoqing"] = {container = "Guangdong"}, -- 1.036 urban (1.160 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Lianyungang"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 4.599 prefectural, 2.0 urban; 1.071 urban (1.150 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Qujing"] = {container = "Yunnan"}, -- 0.976 urban (1.150 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- Shuyang is a "county" of the "prefecture-level city" of Suqian but in fact is 38 miles away from Suqian city proper (urban core to urban core). -- The county itself is 37 miles by 34 miles. ["Shuyang"] = {placetype = "county", container = {key = "Suqian", placetype = "prefecture-level city"}, divs = {"subdistricts", "townships"}, wp = "%l County"}, -- 0.986 urban (1.120 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- Yongkang is a "county-level city" of the "prefecture-level city" of Jinhua but in fact is 32 miles away from Jinhua city proper (urban core to urban core). ["Yongkang"] = {placetype = "county-level city", container = {key = "Jinhua", placetype = "prefecture-level city"}, divs = {"subdistricts", "townships"}, wp = "%l, Zhejiang"}, -- < 0.750 urban (1.110 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Zhoukou"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 9.0 prefectural, 721,000 urban (1.6 metro); < 0.750 urban (1.100 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Beihai"] = {container = {key = "Guangxi, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- < 1 urban (1.090 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Jiujiang"] = {container = "Jiangxi"}, -- < 0.750 urban (1.080 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Shaoyang"] = {container = "Hunan"}, -- 6.6 prefectural, 802,000 urban, 1.4 metro; < 1 urban (1.080 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Chuzhou"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- < 0.750 urban (1.070 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Hengshui"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 0.885 urban (1.070 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Shiyan"] = {container = "Hubei"}, -- 0.955 urban (1.070 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Huludao"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 0.764 urban (1.060 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Dongying"] = {container = "Shandong"}, -- 0.961 urban (1.050 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Guigang"] = {container = {key = "Guangxi, China", placetype = "autonomous region"}}, -- 0.921 urban (1.050 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- Liuyang is a "county-level city" of the "prefecture-level city" of Changsha but in fact is 47 miles away from Changsha city proper (urban core to urban core). ["Liuyang"] = {placetype = "county-level city", container = {key = "Changsha", placetype = "prefecture-level city"}, divs = {"subdistricts", "townships"}}, -- 0.886 urban (1.040 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- NOTE: Not to be confused with Changzhou in Jiangsu ["Cangzhou"] = {container = "Hebei"}, -- 7.3 prefectural, 621,000 urban; 0.759 urban (1.030 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Liupanshui"] = {container = "Guizhou"}, -- < 0.750 urban (1.030 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Panjin"] = {container = "Liaoning"}, -- 0.980 urban (1.030 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Qiqihar"] = {container = "Heilongjiang"}, -- 1.030 urban (1.030 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de ["Linfen"] = {container = "Shanxi"}, -- < 0.750 urban (1.010 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- Tengzhou is a "county-level city" of the "prefecture-level city" of Zaozhuang but in fact is 30 miles away from Zaozhuang city proper (urban core to urban core). ["Tengzhou"] = {placetype = "county-level city", container = {key = "Zaozhuang", placetype = "prefecture-level city"}, divs = {"subdistricts", "townships"}}, -- 0.937 urban (1.010 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de -- 3 extra that got added in earlier incarnations and aren't found in the "major agglomerations of the world" page https://citypopulation.de/en/world/agglomerations/ reference date 2025-01-01 ["Kunshan"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.652 urban (2020 China census) per citypopulation.de ["Zhumadian"] = {container = "Henan"}, -- 7.0 prefectural, 722,000 urban per Wikipedia; 0.754 urban per citypopulation.de ["Bijie"] = {container = "Guizhou"}, -- 6.9 prefectural, ? urban, ? metro (not listed in Wikipedia); < 0.750 urban per citypopulation.de } export.china_prefecture_level_cities_group = { -- don't do any transformations between key and placename; in particular, don't chop off anything from -- "Taizhou, Zhejiang" or "Suzhou, Anhui". key_to_placename = false, placename_to_key = false, -- don't add ", China" to make the key default_container = "Trung Quốc", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", China", "province"), -- Prefecture-level cities aren't really cities but allow them to be identified that way, as many people -- don't understand how Chinese administrative divisions work. default_placetype = {"prefecture-level city", "thành phố"}, default_divs = { -- "towns" (but not "townships") are automatically added as they are specified as generic_before_non_cities, -- and prefecture-level cities (as well as county-level cities) are considered non-cities. "districts", "subdistricts", "townships", {type = "counties", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, {type = "county-level cities", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, }, data = export.china_prefecture_level_cities, } -- Needed to avoid problems with two cities called Taizhou and Suzhou. export.china_prefecture_level_cities_2 = { -- NOTE: There is also a larger and better-known prefecture-level city Taizhou in Zhejiang. ["Taizhou, Jiangsu"] = {container = "Jiangsu"}, -- 1.3 urban (1.490 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de 2020 census ["Taizhou"] = {alias_of = "Taizhou, Jiangsu"}, -- NOTE: There is also a larger and better-known prefecture-level city Suzhou in Jiangsu. ["Suzhou, Anhui"] = {container = "Anhui"}, -- 5.3 prefectural, 1.766 metro and "urban"; < 1 urban (1.010 adm-urb) per citypopulation.de 2020 census -- hopefully this will work because we also have Suzhou as a key by itself for the larger, more-well-known Suzhou in Jiangsu ["Suzhou"] = {alias_of = "Suzhou, Anhui"}, } export.china_prefecture_level_cities_group_2 = { -- don't do any transformations between key and placename; in particular, don't chop off anything from -- "Taizhou, Jiangsu". placename_to_key = false, -- don't add ", China" to make the key default_container = "Trung Quốc", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", China", "province"), -- Prefecture-level cities aren't really cities but allow them to be identified that way, as many people -- don't understand how Chinese administrative divisions work. default_placetype = {"prefecture-level city", "thành phố"}, default_divs = { -- "towns" (but not "townships") are automatically added as they are specified as generic_before_non_cities, -- and prefecture-level cities (as well as county-level cities) are considered non-cities. "districts", "subdistricts", "townships", {type = "counties", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, {type = "county-level cities", cat_as = "counties and county-level cities"}, }, data = export.china_prefecture_level_cities_2, } export.finland_regions = { ["Lapland, Finland"] = {wp = "%l (%c)"}, ["North Ostrobothnia, Finland"] = {}, ["Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland"] = {alias_of = "North Ostrobothnia, Finland", display = true}, ["Kainuu, Finland"] = {}, ["North Karelia, Finland"] = {}, ["Northern Savonia, Finland"] = {}, ["North Savo, Finland"] = {alias_of = "Northern Savonia, Finland", display = true}, ["Southern Savonia, Finland"] = {}, ["South Savo, Finland"] = {alias_of = "Southern Savonia, Finland", display = true}, ["South Karelia, Finland"] = {}, ["Central Finland, Finland"] = {}, ["South Ostrobothnia, Finland"] = {}, ["Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland"] = {alias_of = "South Ostrobothnia, Finland", display = true}, ["Ostrobothnia, Finland"] = {wp = "%l (region)"}, ["Central Ostrobothnia, Finland"] = {}, ["Pirkanmaa, Finland"] = {}, ["Satakunta, Finland"] = {}, ["Päijänne Tavastia, Finland"] = {}, ["Päijät-Häme, Finland"] = {alias_of = "Päijänne Tavastia, Finland", display = true}, ["Tavastia Proper, Finland"] = {}, ["Kanta-Häme, Finland"] = {alias_of = "Tavastia Proper, Finland", display = true}, ["Kymenlaakso, Finland"] = {}, ["Uusimaa, Finland"] = {}, ["Southwest Finland, Finland"] = {}, ["Åland Islands, Finland"] = {the = true, wp = "Åland"}, ["Åland, Finland"] = {alias_of = "Åland Islands, Finland"}, -- differs in "the" } -- regions of Finland export.finland_group = { default_container = "Phần Lan", default_placetype = "region", default_divs = "municipalities", data = export.finland_regions, } export.france_administrative_regions = { ["Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France"] = {}, ["Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France"] = {}, ["Brittany, France"] = {wp = "%l (administrative region)"}, ["Centre-Val de Loire, France"] = {}, ["Corsica, France"] = {}, -- overseas departments are handled in `export.country_like_entities` -- ["French Guiana"] = {}, ["Grand Est, France"] = {}, -- ["Guadeloupe"] = {}, ["Hauts-de-France, France"] = {}, ["Île-de-France, France"] = {}, -- ["Martinique"] = {}, -- ["Mayotte"] = {}, ["Normandy, France"] = {wp = "%l (administrative region)"}, ["Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France"] = {}, ["Occitania, France"] = {wp = "%l (administrative region)"}, ["Occitanie, France"] = {alias_of = "Occitania, France", display = true}, ["Pays de la Loire, France"] = {}, ["Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France"] = {}, -- ["Réunion"] = {}, } -- administrative regions of France export.france_group = { default_container = "Pháp", -- Canonically these are 'administrative regions' but also treat as 'region' ('administrative region' falls back -- to 'region'). default_placetype = "region", default_divs = { "communes", {type = "municipalities", cat_as = "communes"}, "departments", {type = "prefectures", cat_as = {"prefectures", "departmental capitals"}}, {type = "French prefectures", cat_as = {"prefectures", "departmental capitals"}}, }, data = export.france_administrative_regions, } export.france_departments = { ["Ain, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 01 ["Aisne, France"] = {container = "Hauts-de-France"}, -- 02 ["Allier, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 03 ["Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, -- 04 ["Hautes-Alpes, France"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, -- 05 ["Alpes-Maritimes, France"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, -- 06 ["Ardèche, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 07 ["Ardennes, France"] = {container = "Grand Est", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 08 ["Ariège, France"] = {container = "Occitania", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 09 ["Aube, France"] = {container = "Grand Est"}, -- 10 ["Aude, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 11 ["Aveyron, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 12 ["Bouches-du-Rhône, France"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, -- 13 ["Calvados, France"] = {container = "Normandy", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 14 ["Cantal, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 15 ["Charente, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 16 ["Charente-Maritime, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 17 ["Cher, France"] = {container = "Centre-Val de Loire", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 18 ["Corrèze, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 19 ["Corse-du-Sud, France"] = {container = "Corsica"}, -- 2A ["Haute-Corse, France"] = {container = "Corsica"}, -- 2B ["Côte-d'Or, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 21 ["Côte d'Or, France"] = {alias_of = "Côte-d'Or, France", display = true}, ["Côtes-d'Armor, France"] = {container = "Brittany"}, -- 22 ["Côtes d'Armor, France"] = {alias_of = "Côtes-d'Armor, France", display = true}, ["Creuse, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 23 ["Dordogne, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 24 ["Doubs, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 25 ["Drôme, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 26 ["Eure, France"] = {container = "Normandy"}, -- 27 ["Eure-et-Loir, France"] = {container = "Centre-Val de Loire"}, -- 28 ["Finistère, France"] = {container = "Brittany"}, -- 29 ["Gard, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 30 ["Haute-Garonne, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 31 ["Gers, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 32 ["Gironde, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 33 ["Hérault, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 34 ["Ille-et-Vilaine, France"] = {container = "Brittany"}, -- 35 ["Indre, France"] = {container = "Centre-Val de Loire"}, -- 36 ["Indre-et-Loire, France"] = {container = "Centre-Val de Loire"}, -- 37 ["Isère, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 38 ["Jura, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 39 ["Landes, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 40 ["Loir-et-Cher, France"] = {container = "Centre-Val de Loire"}, -- 41 ["Loire, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 42 ["Haute-Loire, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 43 ["Loire-Atlantique, France"] = {container = "Pays de la Loire"}, -- 44 ["Loiret, France"] = {container = "Centre-Val de Loire"}, -- 45 ["Lot, France"] = {container = "Occitania", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 46 ["Lot-et-Garonne, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 47 ["Lozère, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 48 ["Maine-et-Loire, France"] = {container = "Pays de la Loire"}, -- 49 ["Manche, France"] = {container = "Normandy"}, -- 50 ["Marne, France"] = {container = "Grand Est", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 51 ["Haute-Marne, France"] = {container = "Grand Est"}, -- 52 ["Mayenne, France"] = {container = "Pays de la Loire"}, -- 53 ["Meurthe-et-Moselle, France"] = {container = "Grand Est"}, -- 54 ["Meuse, France"] = {container = "Grand Est", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 55 ["Morbihan, France"] = {container = "Brittany"}, -- 56 ["Moselle, France"] = {container = "Grand Est", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 57 ["Nièvre, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 58 ["Nord, France"] = {container = "Hauts-de-France", wp = "%l (French department)"}, -- 59 ["Oise, France"] = {container = "Hauts-de-France"}, -- 60 ["Orne, France"] = {container = "Normandy"}, -- 61 ["Pas-de-Calais, France"] = {container = "Hauts-de-France"}, -- 62 ["Puy-de-Dôme, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 63 ["Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 64 ["Hautes-Pyrénées, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 65 ["Pyrénées-Orientales, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 66 ["Bas-Rhin, France"] = {container = "Grand Est"}, -- 67 ["Haut-Rhin, France"] = {container = "Grand Est"}, -- 68 ["Rhône, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 69D ["Metropolis of Lyon, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 69M ["Lyon Metropolis, France"] = {alias_of = "Metropolis of Lyon, France"}, ["Lyon, France"] = {alias_of = "Metropolis of Lyon, France"}, ["Haute-Saône, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 70 ["Saône-et-Loire, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 71 ["Sarthe, France"] = {container = "Pays de la Loire"}, -- 72 ["Savoie, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 73 ["Haute-Savoie, France"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 74 ["Paris, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 75 ["Seine-Maritime, France"] = {container = "Normandy"}, -- 76 ["Seine-et-Marne, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 77 ["Yvelines, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 78 ["Deux-Sèvres, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 79 ["Somme, France"] = {container = "Hauts-de-France", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 80 ["Tarn, France"] = {container = "Occitania", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 81 ["Tarn-et-Garonne, France"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 82 ["Var, France"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 83 ["Vaucluse, France"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, -- 84 ["Vendée, France"] = {container = "Pays de la Loire"}, -- 85 ["Vienne, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 86 ["Haute-Vienne, France"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 87 ["Vosges, France"] = {container = "Grand Est", wp = "%l (department)"}, -- 88 ["Yonne, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 89 ["Territoire de Belfort, France"] = {container = "Bourgogne-Franche-Comté"}, -- 90 ["Essonne, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 91 ["Hauts-de-Seine, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 92 ["Seine-Saint-Denis, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 93 ["Val-de-Marne, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 94 ["Val-d'Oise, France"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 95 --["Guadeloupe"] = {container = "Guadeloupe"}, -- 971 --["Martinique"] = {container = "Martinique"}, -- 972 --["Guyane"] = {container = "French Guiana", wp = "French Guiana"}, -- 973 --["La Réunion"] = {container = "Réunion", wp = "Réunion"}, -- 974 --["Mayotte"] = {container = "Mayotte"}, -- 976 } export.france_departments_group = { placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", France"), canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", France", "region"), default_placetype = "department", default_divs = { "communes", {type = "municipalities", cat_as = "communes"}, }, data = export.france_departments, } export.germany_states = { ["Baden-Württemberg, Germany"] = {}, ["Bavaria, Germany"] = {}, -- Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg are effectively city-states and don't have districts ([[Kreise]]), so override -- the default_divs setting. Better not to include them at all since they're included as cities down below. -- ["Berlin"] = {divs = {}}, ["Brandenburg, Germany"] = {}, -- ["Bremen"] = {divs = {}}, -- ["Hamburg"] = {divs = {}}, ["Hesse, Germany"] = {}, ["Lower Saxony, Germany"] = {}, ["Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany"] = {}, ["Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany"] = {alias_of = "Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany", display = true}, ["North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany"] = {}, ["Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany"] = {}, ["Saarland, Germany"] = {}, ["Saxony, Germany"] = {}, ["Saxony-Anhalt, Germany"] = {}, ["Schleswig-Holstein, Germany"] = {}, ["Thuringia, Germany"] = {}, } -- states of Germany export.germany_group = { default_container = "Đức", default_placetype = "state", default_divs = {"districts", "municipalities"}, data = export.germany_states, } export.greece_regions = { ["Attica, Greece"] = {wp = "%l (region)"}, ["Central Greece, Greece"] = {wp = "%l (administrative region)"}, ["Central Macedonia, Greece"] = {}, ["Crete, Greece"] = {}, ["Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece"] = {}, ["Epirus, Greece"] = {wp = "%l (region)"}, ["Ionian Islands, Greece"] = {the = true, wp = "%l (region)"}, ["North Aegean, Greece"] = {the = true}, -- I would expect 'the Peloponnese' but Wikipedia mostly has categories like [[w:Category:Geography of Peloponnese (region)]] -- and [[w:Category:Buildings and structures in Peloponnese (region)]]; only [[w:Category:People from the Peloponnese (region)]] -- has "the" in it. ["Peloponnese, Greece"] = {wp = "%l (region)"}, ["South Aegean, Greece"] = {the = true}, ["Thessaly, Greece"] = {}, ["Western Greece, Greece"] = {}, ["Western Macedonia, Greece"] = {}, ["Mount Athos, Greece"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "region"}, wp = "Monastic community of Mount Athos"}, } -- regions of Greece export.greece_group = { default_container = "Hy Lạp", default_placetype = "region", data = export.greece_regions, } local india_polity_with_divisions = {"divisions", "districts"} local india_polity_without_divisions = {"districts"} -- States and union territories of India. Only some of them are divided into divisions. export.india_states_and_union_territories = { ["Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India"] = {the = true, placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Andhra Pradesh, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Arunachal Pradesh, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Assam, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Bihar, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Chandigarh, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Chhattisgarh, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Delhi, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Goa, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Gujarat, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Haryana, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Himachal Pradesh, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Jammu and Kashmir, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_with_divisions, wp = "%l (union territory)"}, ["Jharkhand, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Karnataka, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Kerala, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Ladakh, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Lakshadweep, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Madhya Pradesh, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Maharashtra, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Manipur, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Meghalaya, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Mizoram, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Nagaland, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Odisha, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Puducherry, India"] = {placetype = "union territory", divs = india_polity_without_divisions, wp = "%l (union territory)"}, ["Pondicherry, India"] = {alias_of = "Puducherry, India", display = true}, ["Punjab, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions, wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Rajasthan, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Sikkim, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Tamil Nadu, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Telangana, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Tripura, India"] = {divs = india_polity_without_divisions}, ["Uttar Pradesh, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["Uttarakhand, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, ["West Bengal, India"] = {divs = india_polity_with_divisions}, } -- states and union territories of India export.india_group = { default_container = "Ấn Độ", default_placetype = "state", data = export.india_states_and_union_territories, } export.indonesia_provinces = { ["Aceh, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Bali, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia"] = {the = true}, ["Banten, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Bengkulu, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Central Java, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Central Kalimantan, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Central Papua, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Central Sulawesi, Indonesia"] = {}, ["East Java, Indonesia"] = {}, ["East Kalimantan, Indonesia"] = {}, ["East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Gorontalo, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Highland Papua, Indonesia"] = {wp = "%l"}, ["Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia"] = {the = true, wp = "Jakarta"}, ["Jakarta, Indonesia"] = {alias_of = "Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia"}, ["Jambi, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Lampung, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Maluku, Indonesia"] = {}, ["North Kalimantan, Indonesia"] = {}, ["North Maluku, Indonesia"] = {}, ["North Sulawesi, Indonesia"] = {}, ["North Papua, Indonesia"] = {}, ["North Sumatra, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Papua, Indonesia"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Riau, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Riau Islands, Indonesia"] = {the = true}, ["Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia"] = {}, ["South Kalimantan, Indonesia"] = {}, ["South Papua, Indonesia"] = {}, ["South Sulawesi, Indonesia"] = {}, ["South Sumatra, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Southwest Papua, Indonesia"] = {}, ["West Java, Indonesia"] = {}, ["West Kalimantan, Indonesia"] = {}, ["West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia"] = {}, ["West Papua, Indonesia"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["West Sulawesi, Indonesia"] = {}, ["West Sumatra, Indonesia"] = {}, ["Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia"] = {the = true}, ["Yogyakarta, Indonesia"] = {alias_of = "Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia"}, } -- provinces of Indonesia export.indonesia_group = { default_container = "Indonesia", default_placetype = "province", -- per https://www.quora.com/Does-Indonesia-use-British-or-American-English, Indonesia tends to use American -- spellings. data = export.indonesia_provinces, } export.iran_provinces = { ["Alborz Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation AL, capital [[w:Karaj]] ["Ardabil Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation AR, capital [[w:Ardabil]] ["Bushehr Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation BU, capital [[w:Bushehr]] ["Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation CB, capital [[w:Shahr-e Kord]] ["East Azerbaijan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation EA, capital [[w:Tabriz]] ["Fars Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation FA, capital [[w:Shiraz]] ["Pars Province, Iran"] = {alias_of = "Fars Province, Iran", display = true}, ["Gilan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation GN, capital [[w:Rasht]] ["Golestan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation GO, capital [[w:Gorgan]] ["Hamadan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation HA, capital [[w:Hamadan]] ["Hormozgan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation HO, capital [[w:Bandar Abbas]] ["Ilam Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation IL, capital [[w:Ilam, Iran|Ilam]] ["Isfahan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation IS, capital [[w:Isfahan]] ["Kerman Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation KN, capital [[w:Kerman]] ["Kermanshah Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation KE, capital [[w:Kermanshah]] ["Khuzestan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation KH, capital [[w:Ahvaz]] ["Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation KB, capital [[w:Yasuj]] ["Kurdistan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation KU, capital [[w:Sanandaj]] ["Lorestan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation LO, capital [[w:Khorramabad]] ["Markazi Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation MA, capital [[w:Arak, Iran|Arak]] ["Mazandaran Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation MN, capital [[w:Sari, Iran|Sari]] ["North Khorasan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation NK, capital [[w:Bojnord]] ["Qazvin Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation QA, capital [[w:Qazvin]] ["Qom Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation QM, capital [[w:Qom]] ["Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation RK, capital [[w:Mashhad]] ["Semnan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation SE, capital [[w:Semnan, Iran|Semnan]] ["Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation SB, capital [[w:Zahedan]] ["South Khorasan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation SK, capital [[w:Birjand]] ["Tehran Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation TE, capital [[w:Tehran]] ["West Azerbaijan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation WA, capital [[w:Urmia]] ["Yazd Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation YA, capital [[w:Yazd]] ["Zanjan Province, Iran"] = {}, -- abbreviation ZA, capital [[w:Zanjan, Iran|Zanjan]] } -- provinces of Iran export.iran_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Iran", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Iran", " Province"), default_container = "Iran", default_placetype = "province", -- There aren't nearly enough counties of Iran currently entered in any language to allow for categorizing them -- per-province. (As of 2025-05-09, there are only 6 counties in each of [[Category:en:Counties of Iran]], -- [[Category:fa:Counties of Iran]] and [[Category:ar:Counties of Iran]].) -- default_divs = "counties", -- For obscure reasons, provinces of Iran, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam use lowercase 'province' default_wp = "%e province", data = export.iran_provinces, } export.ireland_counties = { ["County Carlow, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Cavan, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Clare, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Cork, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Donegal, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Dublin, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Galway, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Kerry, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Kildare, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Kilkenny, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Laois, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Leitrim, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Limerick, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Longford, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Louth, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Mayo, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Meath, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Monaghan, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Offaly, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Roscommon, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Sligo, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Tipperary, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Waterford, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Westmeath, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Wexford, Ireland"] = {}, ["County Wicklow, Ireland"] = {}, } local function make_irish_type_key_to_placename(container_pattern) return function(key) key = key:gsub(container_pattern, "") local elliptical_key = key:gsub("^County ", "") return key, elliptical_key end end local function make_irish_type_placename_to_key(container_suffix) return function(placename) if not placename:find("^County ") and not placename:find("^City ") then placename = "County " .. placename end return placename .. container_suffix end end -- counties of Ireland export.ireland_group = { key_to_placename = make_irish_type_key_to_placename(", Ireland$"), placename_to_key = make_irish_type_placename_to_key(", Ireland"), default_container = "Ireland", default_placetype = "county", data = export.ireland_counties, } export.italy_administrative_regions = { ["Abruzzo, Italy"] = {}, ["Aosta Valley, Italy"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "administrative region", "region"}}, ["Apulia, Italy"] = {}, ["Basilicata, Italy"] = {}, ["Calabria, Italy"] = {}, ["Campania, Italy"] = {}, ["Emilia-Romagna, Italy"] = {}, ["Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "administrative region", "region"}}, ["Lazio, Italy"] = {}, ["Liguria, Italy"] = {}, ["Lombardy, Italy"] = {}, ["Marche, Italy"] = {}, ["Molise, Italy"] = {}, ["Piedmont, Italy"] = {}, ["Sardinia, Italy"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "administrative region", "region"}}, ["Sicily, Italy"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "administrative region", "region"}}, ["Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "administrative region", "region"}}, ["Tuscany, Italy"] = {}, ["Umbria, Italy"] = {}, ["Veneto, Italy"] = {}, } -- administrative regions of Italy export.italy_group = { default_container = "Ý", default_placetype = "region", data = export.italy_administrative_regions, } -- table of Japanese prefectures; interpolated into the main 'places' table, but also needed separately export.japan_prefectures = { ["Aichi, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Akita, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Aomori, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Chiba, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Ehime, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Fukui, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Fukuoka, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Fukushima, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Gifu, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Gunma, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Hiroshima, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Hokkaidō, Nhật Bản"] = {divs = "subprefectures", wp = "Hokkaidō"}, ["Hyōgo, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Hyogo, Nhật Bản"] = {alias_of = "Hyōgo, Nhật Bản", display = true}, ["Ibaraki, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Ishikawa, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Iwate, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Kagawa, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Kagoshima, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Kanagawa, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Kōchi, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Kochi, Nhật Bản"] = {alias_of = "Kōchi, Nhật Bản", display = true}, ["Kumamoto, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Kyoto, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Mie, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Miyagi, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Miyazaki, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Nagano, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Nagasaki, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Nara, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Niigata, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Ōita, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Oita, Nhật Bản"] = {alias_of = "Ōita, Nhật Bản", display = true}, ["Okayama, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Okinawa, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Ōsaka, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Osaka, Nhật Bản"] = {alias_of = "Ōsaka, Nhật Bản", display = true}, ["Saga, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Saitama, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Shiga, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Shimane, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Shizuoka, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Tochigi, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Tokushima, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Tottori, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Toyama, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Wakayama, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Yamagata, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Yamaguchi, Nhật Bản"] = {}, ["Yamanashi, Nhật Bản"] = {}, } -- prefectures of Japan export.japan_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Nhật Bản$", " $"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Nhật Bản", ""), default_container = "Nhật Bản", default_placetype = "prefecture", data = export.japan_prefectures, } export.laos_provinces = { ["Attapeu Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Bokeo Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Bolikhamxai Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Champasak Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Houaphanh Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Khammouane Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Luang Namtha Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Luang Prabang Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Oudomxay Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Phongsaly Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Salavan Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Savannakhet Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Vientiane Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Vientiane Prefecture, Laos"] = {placetype = "prefecture", wp = "%l"}, ["Sainyabuli Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Sekong Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Xaisomboun Province, Laos"] = {}, ["Xiangkhouang Province, Laos"] = {}, } local function laos_placename_to_key(placename) if placename == "Vientiane Prefecture" then return placename .. ", Laos" end if placename:find(" Province$") then return placename .. ", Laos" end return placename .. " Province, Laos" end -- provinces of Laos export.laos_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Laos$", {" Province$", " Prefecture$"}), placename_to_key = laos_placename_to_key, default_container = "Lào", default_placetype = "province", -- For obscure reasons, provinces of Iran, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam use lowercase 'province' default_wp = "%e province", data = export.laos_provinces, } export.lebanon_governorates = { ["Akkar Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, ["Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, ["Beirut Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, ["Beqaa Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, ["Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, ["Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, ["Nabatieh Governorate, Lebanon"] = {}, -- These two are generic enough that we don't want to automatically augment a use of `gov/North Governorate` or -- `gov/South Governorate` with `c/Lebanon`. ["North Governorate, Lebanon"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true}, ["South Governorate, Lebanon"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true}, } -- governorates of Lebanon export.lebanon_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Lebanon$", " Governorate$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Lebanon", " Governorate"), default_container = "Lebanon", default_placetype = "governorate", data = export.lebanon_governorates, } export.malaysia_states = { ["Johor, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Kedah, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Kelantan, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Malacca, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Pahang, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Penang, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Perak, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Perlis, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Sabah, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Sarawak, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Selangor, Malaysia"] = {}, ["Terengganu, Malaysia"] = {}, } -- states of Malaysia export.malaysia_group = { default_container = "Malaysia", default_placetype = "state", default_wp = "%l, %c", data = export.malaysia_states, } export.malta_regions = { -- Some of the regions are generic enough that we don't want to automatically augment a use of e.g. -- `r/Northern Region` with `c/Malta`. In particular; -- * "Eastern Region" also occurs at least in Ghana, Uganda, Iceland, Nigeria, Venezuela, North Macedonia and -- El Salvador; -- * "Northern Region" also occurs at least in Ghana, Uganda, Malawi, Nigeria, Canada and South Africa; -- * "Western Region" also occurs at least in Abu Dhabi, Bahrain, South Africa, Ghana, Iceland, Nepal, Nigeria, -- Serbia and Uganda; -- * "Southern Region" also occurs at least in Nigeria, Eritrea, Iceland, Ireland, Malawi and Serbia. ["Eastern Region, Malta"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true}, ["Gozo Region, Malta"] = {wp = "%l"}, ["Northern Region, Malta"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true}, ["Port Region, Malta"] = {}, ["Southern Region, Malta"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true}, ["Western Region, Malta"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true}, } -- regions of Malta export.malta_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Malta$", " Region"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Malta", " Region"), default_container = "Malta", default_placetype = "region", default_wp = "%l, %c", default_the = true, data = export.malta_regions, } export.mexico_states = { ["Aguascalientes, Mexico"] = {}, ["Baja California, Mexico"] = {}, -- not display-canonicalizing because the "Norte" could be for emphasis ["Baja California Norte, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "Baja California, Mexico"}, ["Baja California Sur, Mexico"] = {}, ["Campeche, Mexico"] = {}, ["Chiapas, Mexico"] = {}, ["Chihuahua, Mexico"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["Coahuila, Mexico"] = {}, ["Colima, Mexico"] = {}, ["Durango, Mexico"] = {}, ["Guanajuato, Mexico"] = {}, ["Guerrero, Mexico"] = {}, ["Hidalgo, Mexico"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["Jalisco, Mexico"] = {}, ["State of Mexico, Mexico"] = {the = true}, ["Mexico, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "State of Mexico, Mexico"}, -- differs in "the" -- ["Mexico City, Mexico"] = {}, doesn't belong here because it's a city ["Michoacán, Mexico"] = {}, ["Michoacan, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "Michoacán, Mexico", display = true}, ["Morelos, Mexico"] = {}, ["Nayarit, Mexico"] = {}, ["Nuevo León, Mexico"] = {}, ["Nuevo Leon, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "Nuevo León, Mexico", display = true}, ["Oaxaca, Mexico"] = {}, ["Puebla, Mexico"] = {}, ["Querétaro, Mexico"] = {}, ["Queretaro, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "Querétaro, Mexico", display = true}, ["Quintana Roo, Mexico"] = {}, ["San Luis Potosí, Mexico"] = {}, ["San Luis Potosi, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "San Luis Potosí, Mexico", display = true}, ["Sinaloa, Mexico"] = {}, ["Sonora, Mexico"] = {}, ["Tabasco, Mexico"] = {}, ["Tamaulipas, Mexico"] = {}, ["Tlaxcala, Mexico"] = {}, ["Veracruz, Mexico"] = {}, ["Yucatán, Mexico"] = {}, ["Yucatan, Mexico"] = {alias_of = "Yucatán, Mexico", display = true}, ["Zacatecas, Mexico"] = {}, } -- Mexican states export.mexico_group = { default_container = "Mexico", default_placetype = "state", data = export.mexico_states, } export.moldova_districts_and_autonomous_territorial_units = { ["Anenii Noi District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Anenii Noi]] ["Basarabeasca District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Basarabeasca]] ["Briceni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Briceni]] ["Cahul District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Cahul]] ["Cantemir District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Cantemir, Moldova|Cantemir]] ["Călărași District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Călărași, Moldova|Călărași]] ["Căușeni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Căușeni]] ["Cimișlia District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Cimișlia]] ["Criuleni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Criuleni]] ["Dondușeni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Dondușeni]] ["Drochia District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Drochia]] ["Dubăsari District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Cocieri]] ["Edineț District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Edineț]] ["Fălești District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Fălești]] ["Florești District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Florești, Moldova|Florești]] ["Glodeni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Glodeni]] ["Hîncești District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Hîncești]] ["Ialoveni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Ialoveni]] ["Leova District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Leova]] ["Nisporeni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Nisporeni]] ["Ocnița District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Ocnița]] ["Orhei District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Orhei]] ["Rezina District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Rezina]] ["Rîșcani District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Rîșcani]] ["Sîngerei District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Sîngerei]] ["Soroca District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Soroca]] ["Strășeni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Strășeni]] ["Șoldănești District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Șoldănești]] ["Ștefan Vodă District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Ștefan Vodă]] ["Taraclia District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Taraclia]] ["Telenești District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Telenești]] ["Ungheni District, Moldova"] = {}, -- capital [[Ungheni]] ["Chișinău, Moldova"] = {placetype = "municipality"}, ["Bălți, Moldova"] = {placetype = "municipality"}, ["Gagauzia, Moldova"] = {placetype = {"autonomous territorial unit", "autonomous region", "region"}}, -- capital [[Comrat]] -- the remainder are under the de-facto control of the unrecognized state of Transnistria ["Bender, Moldova"] = {placetype = "municipality"}, ["Tighina, Moldova"] = {alias_of = "Bender, Moldova"}, ["Transnistria, Moldova"] = {placetype = {"autonomous territorial unit", "autonomous region", "region"}}, -- capital [[Tiraspol]] ["Left Bank of the Dniester, Moldova"] = {alias_of = "Transnistria, Moldova"}, ["Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester, Moldova"] = {alias_of = "Transnistria, Moldova"}, } local function moldova_placename_to_key(placename) local elliptical_key = placename .. ", Moldova" if export.moldova_districts_and_autonomous_territorial_units[elliptical_key] then return elliptical_key end if placename:find(" District$") then return placename .. ", Moldova" end return placename .. " District, Moldova" end -- Moldovan districts (raions) and autonomous territorial units export.moldova_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Moldova$", " District"), placename_to_key = moldova_placename_to_key, default_container = "Moldova", default_placetype = {"district", "raion"}, default_divs = "communes", data = export.moldova_districts_and_autonomous_territorial_units, } export.morocco_regions = { ["Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco"] = {}, ["Oriental, Morocco"] = {wp = "%l (%c)"}, ["L'Oriental, Morocco"] = {alias_of = "Oriental, Morocco", display = true}, ["Fez-Meknes, Morocco"] = {}, ["Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco"] = {wp = "Rabat-Salé-Kénitra"}, ["Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Morocco"] = {alias_of = "Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco", display = true}, ["Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Morocco"] = {wp = "Béni Mellal-Khénifra"}, ["Béni Mellal-Khénifra, Morocco"] = {alias_of = "Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Morocco", display = true}, ["Casablanca-Settat, Morocco"] = {}, ["Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco"] = {wp = "Marrakesh–Safi"}, -- WP title has en-dash ["Marrakech-Safi, Morocco"] = {alias_of = "Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco", display = true}, ["Draa-Tafilalet, Morocco"] = {wp = "Drâa-Tafilalet"}, ["Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco"] = {alias_of = "Draa-Tafilalet, Morocco", display = true}, ["Souss-Massa, Morocco"] = {}, ["Guelmim-Oued Noun, Morocco"] = { keydesc = "+++. '''NOTE:''' This region lies partly within the disputed territory of [[Western Sahara]]" }, ["Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Morocco"] = { wp = "Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra", keydesc = "+++. '''NOTE:''' This region lies almost completely within the disputed territory of [[Western Sahara]]", }, ["Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra, Morocco"] = {alias_of = "Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Morocco", display = true}, ["Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab, Morocco"] = { keydesc = "+++. '''NOTE:''' This region lies completely within the disputed territory of [[Western Sahara]]", }, } -- regions of Morocco export.morocco_group = { default_container = "Maroc", default_placetype = "region", data = export.morocco_regions, } export.egypt_governorates = { ["Cairo Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Giza Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Sharqia Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Beheira Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Minya Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Sohag Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Alexandria Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Gharbia Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Asyut Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Monufia Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Faiyum Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Qena Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Damietta Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Aswan Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Ismailia Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Luxor Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Suez Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Port Said Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Matrouh Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["North Sinai Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["Red Sea Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["New Valley Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, ["South Sinai Governorate, Egypt"] = {}, } -- governorates of Egypt export.egypt_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Egypt$", " Governorate$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Egypt", " Governorate"), default_container = "Ai Cập", default_placetype = "governorate", data = export.egypt_governorates, } export.netherlands_provinces = { ["Drenthe, Netherlands"] = {}, ["Flevoland, Netherlands"] = {}, ["Friesland, Netherlands"] = {}, ["Gelderland, Netherlands"] = {}, ["Groningen, Netherlands"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Limburg, Netherlands"] = {wp = "%l (%c)"}, ["North Brabant, Netherlands"] = {}, -- Foreign forms get display-canonicalized. ["Noord-Brabant, Netherlands"] = {alias_of = "North Brabant, Netherlands", display = true}, ["North Holland, Netherlands"] = {}, ["Noord-Holland, Netherlands"] = {alias_of = "North Holland, Netherlands", display = true}, ["Overijssel, Netherlands"] = {}, ["South Holland, Netherlands"] = {}, ["Zuid-Holland, Netherlands"] = {alias_of = "South Holland, Netherlands", display = true}, ["Utrecht, Netherlands"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Zeeland, Netherlands"] = {}, } -- provinces of the Netherlands export.netherlands_group = { default_container = "Hà Lan", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = "municipalities", data = export.netherlands_provinces, } export.new_zealand_regions = { -- North Island regions ["Northland, New Zealand"] = {wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-NTL, number 1, capital [[Whangārei]] ["Auckland, New Zealand"] = {wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-AUK, number 2, capital [[Auckland]] ["Waikato, New Zealand"] = {}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-WKO, number 3, capital [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]] ["Bay of Plenty, New Zealand"] = {the = true, wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-BOP, number 4, capital [[Whakatāne]] ["Gisborne, New Zealand"] = {placetype = {"region", "district"}, wp = "%l District"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-GIS, number 5, capital [[Gisborne, New Zealand|Gisborne]] ["Hawke's Bay, New Zealand"] = {}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-HKB, number 6, capital [[Napier, New Zealand|Napier]] ["Taranaki, New Zealand"] = {}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-TKI, number 7, capital [[Stratford, New Zealand|Stratford]] ["Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand"] = {}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-MWT, number 8, capital [[Palmerston North]] ["Manawatu-Whanganui, New Zealand"] = {alias_of = "Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand", display = true}, ["Manawatu-Wanganui, New Zealand"] = {alias_of = "Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand", display = true}, ["Wellington, New Zealand"] = {wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-WGN, number 9, capital [[Wellington]] -- South Island regions ["Tasman, New Zealand"] = {placetype = {"region", "district"}, wp = "%l District"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-TAS, number 10, capital [[Richmond, New Zealand|Richmond]] ["Nelson, New Zealand"] = {placetype = {"region", "thành phố"}, wp = "%l, %c", is_city = true}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-NSN, number 11, capital [[Nelson, New Zealand|Nelson]] ["Marlborough, New Zealand"] = {placetype = {"region", "district"}, wp = "%l District"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-MBH, number 12, capital [[Blenheim, New Zealand|Blenheim]] ["West Coast, New Zealand"] = {the = true, wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-WTC, number 13, capital [[Greymouth]] ["Canterbury, New Zealand"] = {wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-CAN, number 14, capital [[Christchurch]] ["Otago, New Zealand"] = {}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-OTA, number 15, capital [[Dunedin]] ["Southland, New Zealand"] = {wp = "%l Region"}, -- ISO 3166-2 code NZ-STL, number 16, capital [[Invercargill]] } -- regions of New Zealand export.new_zealand_group = { default_container = "New Zealand", default_placetype = "region", data = export.new_zealand_regions, } export.nigeria_states = { ["Abia State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Adamawa State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Anambra State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Bauchi State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Bayelsa State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Benue State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Borno State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Cross River State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Delta State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Ebonyi State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Edo State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Ekiti State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Enugu State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria"] = { -- not a state but allow it to be referenced as one in holonyms placetype = {"federal territory", "territory", "state"}, the = true, wp = "%l (%c)", }, ["Gombe State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Imo State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Jigawa State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Kaduna State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Kano State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Katsina State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Kebbi State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Kogi State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Kwara State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Lagos State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Nasarawa State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Niger State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Ogun State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Ondo State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Osun State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Oyo State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Plateau State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Rivers State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Sokoto State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Taraba State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Yobe State, Nigeria"] = {}, ["Zamfara State, Nigeria"] = {}, } -- states of Nigeria export.nigeria_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Nigeria$", " State$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Nigeria", " State"), default_container = "Nigeria", default_placetype = "state", data = export.nigeria_states, } export.north_korea_provinces = { ["Chagang Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["North Hamgyong Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["South Hamgyong Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["North Hwanghae Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["South Hwanghae Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["Kangwon Province, North Korea"] = {wp = "%l (%c)"}, ["North Pyongan Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["South Pyongan Province, North Korea"] = {}, ["Ryanggang Province, North Korea"] = {}, } -- provinces of North Korea export.north_korea_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", North Korea$", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", North Korea", " Province"), default_container = "Cộng hòa Dân chủ Nhân dân Triều Tiên", default_placetype = "province", data = export.north_korea_provinces, } export.norwegian_counties = { ["Oslo, Norway"] = {}, ["Rogaland, Norway"] = {}, ["Møre og Romsdal, Norway"] = {}, ["Nordland, Norway"] = {}, ["Østfold, Norway"] = {}, ["Akershus, Norway"] = {}, ["Buskerud, Norway"] = {}, -- the following two were merged into Innlandet -- ["Hedmark, Norway"] = {}, -- ["Oppland, Norway"] = {}, ["Innlandet, Norway"] = {}, ["Vestfold, Norway"] = {}, ["Telemark, Norway"] = {}, -- the following two were merged into Agder -- ["Aust-Agder, Norway"] = {}, -- ["Vest-Agder, Norway"] = {}, ["Agder, Norway"] = {}, -- the following two were merged into Vestland -- ["Hordaland, Norway"] = {}, -- ["Sogn og Fjordane, Norway"] = {}, ["Vestland, Norway"] = {}, ["Trøndelag, Norway"] = {}, ["Troms, Norway"] = {}, ["Finnmark, Norway"] = {}, } -- counties of Norway export.norway_group = { default_container = "Na Uy", default_placetype = "county", data = export.norwegian_counties, } export.pakistan_provinces_and_territories = { ["Azad Kashmir, Pakistan"] = { placetype = {"administrative territory", "autonomous territory", "territory"}, }, ["Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan"] = {alias_of = "Azad Kashmir, Pakistan", display = true}, ["Balochistan, Pakistan"] = {wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan"] = { placetype = {"administrative territory", "territory"}, }, ["Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan"] = { the = true, divs = {}, -- no divisions placetype = {"federal territory", "administrative territory", "territory"}, }, -- Islamabad is an accepted alias for Islamabad Capital Territory given the above placetypes ["Islamabad, Pakistan"] = {alias_of = "Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan"}, ["Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"] = {}, ["Punjab, Pakistan"] = {wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Sindh, Pakistan"] = {}, } -- provinces and territories of Pakistan export.pakistan_group = { default_container = "Pakistan", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = "divisions", data = export.pakistan_provinces_and_territories, } export.philippines_provinces = { ["Abra, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Agusan del Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Agusan del Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Aklan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Albay, Philippines"] = {}, ["Antique, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Apayao, Philippines"] = {}, ["Aurora, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Basilan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Bataan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Batanes, Philippines"] = {}, ["Batangas, Philippines"] = {}, ["Benguet, Philippines"] = {}, ["Biliran, Philippines"] = {}, ["Bohol, Philippines"] = {}, ["Bukidnon, Philippines"] = {}, ["Bulacan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Cagayan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Camarines Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Camarines Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Camiguin, Philippines"] = {}, ["Capiz, Philippines"] = {}, ["Catanduanes, Philippines"] = {}, ["Cavite, Philippines"] = {}, ["Cebu, Philippines"] = {}, ["Cotabato, Philippines"] = {}, ["Davao de Oro, Philippines"] = {}, ["Davao del Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Davao del Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Davao Occidental, Philippines"] = {}, ["Davao Oriental, Philippines"] = {}, ["Dinagat Islands, Philippines"] = {the = true}, ["Eastern Samar, Philippines"] = {}, ["Guimaras, Philippines"] = {}, ["Ifugao, Philippines"] = {}, ["Ilocos Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Ilocos Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Iloilo, Philippines"] = {}, ["Isabela, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Kalinga, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["La Union, Philippines"] = {}, ["Laguna, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Lanao del Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Lanao del Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Leyte, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Maguindanao del Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Maguindanao del Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Marinduque, Philippines"] = {}, ["Masbate, Philippines"] = {}, ["Misamis Occidental, Philippines"] = {}, ["Misamis Oriental, Philippines"] = {}, ["Mountain Province, Philippines"] = {}, ["Negros Occidental, Philippines"] = {}, ["Negros Oriental, Philippines"] = {}, ["Northern Samar, Philippines"] = {}, ["Nueva Ecija, Philippines"] = {}, ["Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines"] = {}, ["Occidental Mindoro, Philippines"] = {}, ["Oriental Mindoro, Philippines"] = {}, ["Palawan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Pampanga, Philippines"] = {}, ["Pangasinan, Philippines"] = {}, ["Quezon, Philippines"] = {}, ["Quirino, Philippines"] = {}, ["Rizal, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Romblon, Philippines"] = {}, ["Samar, Philippines"] = {wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Sarangani, Philippines"] = {}, ["Siquijor, Philippines"] = {}, ["Sorsogon, Philippines"] = {}, ["South Cotabato, Philippines"] = {}, ["Southern Leyte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Sultan Kudarat, Philippines"] = {}, ["Sulu, Philippines"] = {}, ["Surigao del Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Surigao del Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Tarlac, Philippines"] = {}, ["Tawi-Tawi, Philippines"] = {}, ["Zambales, Philippines"] = {}, ["Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines"] = {}, ["Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines"] = {}, ["Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines"] = {}, -- not a province but treated as one; allow it to be referred to as a province in holonyms ["Metro Manila, Philippines"] = {placetype = {"region", "province"}}, } -- provinces of the Philippines export.philippines_group = { default_container = "Philippines", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = {"municipalities", "barangays"}, data = export.philippines_provinces, } export.poland_voivodeships = { ["Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr DS, code 02, capital Wrocław ["Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr KP, code 04, capital Bydgoszcz (seat of voivode), Toruń (seat of sejmik and marshal) ["Lublin Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr LU, code 06, capital Lublin ["Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr LB, code 08, capital Gorzów Wielkopolski (seat of voivode), Zielona Góra (seat of sejmik and marshal) ["Lodz Voivodeship, Poland"] = {wp = "Łódź Voivodeship"}, -- abbr LD, code 10, capital Łódź ["Łódź Voivodeship, Poland"] = {alias_of = "Lodz Voivodeship, Poland", display = true, display_as_full = true}, ["Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr MA, code 12, capital Kraków ["Masovian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr MZ, code 14, capital Warsaw ["Opole Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr OP, code 16, capital Opole ["Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr PK, code 18, capital Rzeszów ["Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr PD, code 20, capital Białystok ["Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr PM, code 22, capital Gdańsk ["Silesian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr SL, code 24, capital Katowice ["Holy Cross Voivodeship, Poland"] = {wp = "Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship"}, -- abbr SK, code 26, capital Kielce ["Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland"] = {alias_of = "Holy Cross Voivodeship, Poland", display = true, display_as_full = true}, ["Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr WN, code 28, capital Olsztyn ["Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr WP, code 30, capital Poznań ["West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland"] = {}, -- abbr ZP, code 32, capital Szczecin } -- voivodeships of Poland export.poland_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Poland$", " Voivodeship$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Poland", " Voivodeship"), default_container = "Ba Lan", default_placetype = "voivodeship", default_divs = { -- "counties", -- not enough of them currently {type = "Polish colonies", cat_as = {{type = "villages", prep = "in"}}}, }, data = export.poland_voivodeships, } export.portugal_districts_and_autonomous_regions = { ["Azores, Portugal"] = {the = true, placetype = {"autonomous region", "region"}}, ["Aveiro District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Beja, Bồ Đào Nha"] = {}, ["Braga District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Bragança District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Castelo Branco District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Coimbra District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Évora District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Faro District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Guarda District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Leiria District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Lisbon District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Lisboa District, Portugal"] = {alias_of = "Lisbon District, Portugal", display = true}, ["Madeira, Portugal"] = {placetype = {"autonomous region", "region"}}, ["Portalegre District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Porto District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Santarém District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Setúbal District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Viana do Castelo District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Vila Real District, Portugal"] = {}, ["Viseu District, Portugal"] = {}, } local function portugal_placename_to_key(placename) if placename == "Azores" or placename == "Madeira" then return placename .. ", Portugal" end if placename:find(" District$") then return placename .. ", Portugal" end return placename .. " District, Portugal" end -- districts and autonomous regions of Portugal export.portugal_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Portugal$", " District$"), placename_to_key = portugal_placename_to_key, default_container = "Portugal", default_placetype = "district", default_divs = "municipalities", data = export.portugal_districts_and_autonomous_regions, } export.romania_counties = { ["Alba County, Romania"] = {}, ["Arad County, Romania"] = {}, ["Argeș County, Romania"] = {}, ["Bacău County, Romania"] = {}, ["Bihor County, Romania"] = {}, ["Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania"] = {}, ["Botoșani County, Romania"] = {}, ["Brașov County, Romania"] = {}, ["Brăila County, Romania"] = {}, -- Bucharest: not in a county ["Buzău County, Romania"] = {}, ["Caraș-Severin County, Romania"] = {}, ["Cluj County, Romania"] = {}, ["Constanța County, Romania"] = {}, ["Covasna County, Romania"] = {}, ["Călărași County, Romania"] = {}, ["Dolj County, Romania"] = {}, ["Dâmbovița County, Romania"] = {}, ["Galați County, Romania"] = {}, ["Giurgiu County, Romania"] = {}, ["Gorj County, Romania"] = {}, ["Harghita County, Romania"] = {}, ["Hunedoara County, Romania"] = {}, ["Ialomița County, Romania"] = {}, ["Iași County, Romania"] = {}, ["Ilfov County, Romania"] = {}, ["Maramureș County, Romania"] = {}, ["Mehedinți County, Romania"] = {}, ["Mureș County, Romania"] = {}, ["Neamț County, Romania"] = {}, ["Olt County, Romania"] = {}, ["Prahova County, Romania"] = {}, ["Satu Mare County, Romania"] = {}, ["Sibiu County, Romania"] = {}, ["Suceava County, Romania"] = {}, ["Sălaj County, Romania"] = {}, ["Teleorman County, Romania"] = {}, ["Timiș County, Romania"] = {}, ["Tulcea County, Romania"] = {}, ["Vaslui County, Romania"] = {}, ["Vrancea County, Romania"] = {}, ["Vâlcea County, Romania"] = {}, } -- counties of Romania export.romania_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Romania$", " County$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Romania", " County"), default_container = "Romania", default_placetype = "county", default_divs = "communes", data = export.romania_counties, } local function make_russia_federal_subject_spec(spectype, use_the, wp) return { placetype = spectype, the = not not use_the, bare_category_parent_type = {"federal subjects", spectype .. "s"}, wp = wp, } end local russia_autonomous_okrug_no_the = {placetype = {"autonomous okrug", "okrug"}, bare_category_parent_type = {"federal subjects", "autonomous okrugs"}} local russia_autonomous_okrug_the = {placetype = {"autonomous okrug", "okrug"}, bare_category_parent_type = {"federal subjects", "autonomous okrugs"}, the = true} local russia_krai = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("krai") local russia_oblast = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("oblast") local russia_republic_the = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic", "use the") local russia_republic_no_the = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic") export.russia_federal_subjects = { -- autonomous oblasts ["Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia"] = {the = true, placetype = {"autonomous oblast", "oblast"}, bare_category_parent_type = {"federal subjects", "autonomous oblasts"}}, -- autonomous okrugs ["Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia"] = russia_autonomous_okrug_the, ["Chukotka, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia"}, ["Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia"] = russia_autonomous_okrug_the, ["Khanty-Mansia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia"}, ["Khantia-Mansia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia"}, ["Yugra, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia"}, ["Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia"] = russia_autonomous_okrug_the, ["Nenetsia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia"}, ["Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia"] = russia_autonomous_okrug_the, ["Yamalia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia"}, -- krais ["Altai Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Kamchatka Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Khabarovsk Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Krasnodar Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Perm Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Primorsky Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Stavropol Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, ["Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia"] = russia_krai, -- oblasts ["Amur Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Astrakhan Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Belgorod Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Bryansk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Irkutsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Ivanovo Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kaluga Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kemerovo Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kirov Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kostroma Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kurgan Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Kursk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Leningrad Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Lipetsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Magadan Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Moscow Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Murmansk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Novgorod Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Omsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Orenburg Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Oryol Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Penza Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Pskov Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Rostov Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Ryazan Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Sakhalin Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Samara Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Saratov Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Smolensk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Tambov Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Tomsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Tula Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Tver Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Tyumen Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Vladimir Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Volgograd Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Vologda Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Voronezh Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, ["Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia"] = russia_oblast, -- republics -- -- We only need to include cases that aren't just shortened versions of the full federal subject name (i.e. where -- words like "Republic" and "Oblast" are omitted but the name is not otherwise modified; these are handled by -- key_to_placename). Non-display-canonicalizing aliases are generally due to differences in the presence or absence -- of "the". ["Adygea, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Adygea, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Adygea, Russia"}, ["Bashkortostan, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Bashkortostan, Russia"}, ["Bashkiria, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Bashkortostan, Russia"}, ["Buryatia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Buryatia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Buryatia, Russia"}, ["Dagestan, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Dagestan, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Dagestan, Russia"}, ["Ingushetia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Ingushetia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Ingushetia, Russia"}, ["Kalmykia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Kalmykia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Kalmykia, Russia"}, ["Karelia, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic", nil, "Republic of Karelia"), ["Republic of Karelia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Karelia, Russia"}, ["Khakassia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Khakassia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Khakassia, Russia"}, ["Mordovia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Mordovia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Mordovia, Russia"}, ["North Ossetia-Alania, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic", nil, "North Ossetia–Alania"), -- with en-dash ["Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia"] = {alias_of = "North Ossetia-Alania, Russia"}, ["North Ossetia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "North Ossetia-Alania, Russia", display = true}, ["Alania, Russia"] = {alias_of = "North Ossetia-Alania, Russia", display = true}, ["Tatarstan, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Republic of Tatarstan, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Tatarstan, Russia"}, ["Altai Republic, Russia"] = russia_republic_the, ["Chechnya, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Chechen Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Chechnya, Russia"}, ["Chuvashia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Chuvash Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Chuvashia, Russia"}, ["Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Kabardino-Balkariya, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia", display = true}, ["Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia"}, ["Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia", display = "Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia"}, ["Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia"}, ["Komi, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic", nil, "Komi Republic"), ["Komi Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Komi, Russia"}, ["Mari El, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Mari El Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Mari El, Russia"}, ["Sakha, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic", nil, "Sakha Republic"), ["Sakha Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Sakha, Russia"}, ["Yakutia, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Sakha, Russia"}, ["Yakutiya, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Sakha, Russia", display = "Yakutia, Russia"}, ["Republic of Yakutia (Sakha), Russia"] = {alias_of = "Sakha, Russia", display = "Sakha Republic, Russia", the = true}, ["Tuva, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Tyva, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Tuva, Russia", display = true}, ["Tuva Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Tuva, Russia"}, ["Tyva Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Tuva, Russia", display= "Tuva Republic, Russia"}, ["Udmurtia, Russia"] = russia_republic_no_the, ["Udmurt Republic, Russia"] = {alias_of = "Udmurtia, Russia"}, -- Not included due to being unrecognized and only partly controlled: -- ["Crimea, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("republic", nil, "Republic of Crimea (Russia)") -- ["Donetsk People's Republic, Russia"] = russia_republic_the, -- ["Luhansk People's Republic, Russia"] = russia_republic_the, -- ["Zaporozhye Oblast, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("oblast", nil, "Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast"), -- ["Kherson Oblast, Russia"] = make_russia_federal_subject_spec("oblast", nil, "Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast"), -- There are also federal cities (not included because they're cities): -- Moscow, Saint Petersburg; Sevastopol (unrecognized; same status as for "Crimea, Russia" above) } local function russia_key_to_placename(key) key = key:gsub(",.*", "") local full_placename = key if key == "Jewish Autonomous Oblast" then return full_placename, full_placename end local elliptical_placename for _, suffix in ipairs({"Krai", "Oblast"}) do elliptical_placename = key:match("^(.*) " .. suffix .. "$") if elliptical_placename then return full_placename, elliptical_placename end end return full_placename, full_placename end local function russia_placename_to_key(placename) local key = placename .. ", Russia" if export.russia_federal_subjects[key] then return key end -- We allow the user to say e.g. "obl/Samara" in place of "obl/Samara Oblast". for _, suffix in ipairs({"Krai", "Oblast"}) do local suffixed_key = placename .. " " .. suffix .. ", Russia" if export.russia_federal_subjects[suffixed_key] then return suffixed_key end end return placename .. ", Russia" end local function construct_russia_federal_subject_keydesc(group, key, spec) local placename = key:gsub(",.*", "") local linked_placename = export.construct_linked_placename(spec, placename) local placetype = spec.placetype if type(placetype) == "table" then placetype = placetype[1] end if placetype == "oblast" then -- Hack: Oblasts generally don't have entries under "Foo Oblast" -- but just under "Foo", so fix the linked key appropriately; -- doesn't apply to the Jewish Autonomous Oblast linked_placename = linked_placename:gsub(" Oblast%]%]", "%]%] Oblast") end return linked_placename .. ", a [[federal subject]] ([[" .. placetype .. "]]) of [[Russia]]" end -- federal subjects of Russia export.russia_group = { key_to_placename = russia_key_to_placename, placename_to_key = russia_placename_to_key, default_container = "Nga", default_keydesc = construct_russia_federal_subject_keydesc, default_overriding_bare_label_parents = {"federal subjects of Russia", "+++"}, data = export.russia_federal_subjects, } export.saudi_arabia_provinces = { ["Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, ["Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, -- Name is too generic to assume it's in Saudi Arabia if not specified. ["Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {no_auto_augment_container = true, wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Medina Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {wp = "%l (%c)"}, ["Aseer Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {wp = "Asir"}, ["Asir Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {alias_of = "Aseer Province, Saudi Arabia", display = true}, ["Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, ["Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {wp = "Al-Qassim Province"}, ["Al-Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {alias_of = "Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia", display = true}, ["Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, ["Hail Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {wp = "Ḥa'il Province"}, ["Ha'il Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {alias_of = "Hail Province, Saudi Arabia", display = true}, ["Ḥa'il Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {alias_of = "Hail Province, Saudi Arabia", display = true}, ["Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {wp = "Al-Jawf Province"}, ["Al-Jawf Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {alias_of = "Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia", display = true}, ["Najran Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, ["Northern Borders Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, ["Al-Bahah Province, Saudi Arabia"] = {}, } -- provinces of Saudi Arabia export.saudi_arabia_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Saudi Arabia$", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Saudi Arabia", " Province"), default_container = "Ả Rập Xê Út", default_placetype = "province", data = export.saudi_arabia_provinces, } export.south_africa_provinces = { ["Eastern Cape, South Africa"] = {the = true}, ["Free State, South Africa"] = {the = true, wp = "%l (province)"}, ["Gauteng, South Africa"] = {}, ["KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa"] = {}, ["Limpopo, South Africa"] = {}, ["Mpumalanga, South Africa"] = {}, -- per Wikipedia and other sources, `North West` doesn't normally have `the` before it ["North West, South Africa"] = {wp = "%l (South African province)"}, ["Northern Cape, South Africa"] = {the = true}, ["Western Cape, South Africa"] = {the = true}, } -- provinces of South Africa export.south_africa_group = { default_container = "South Africa", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = "municipalities", data = export.south_africa_provinces, } export.south_korea_provinces = { ["North Chungcheong Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["South Chungcheong Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["Gangwon Province, South Korea"] = {wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Gyeonggi Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["North Jeolla Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["South Jeolla Province, South Korea"] = {}, ["Jeju Province, South Korea"] = {}, } -- provinces of South Korea export.south_korea_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", South Korea$", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", South Korea", " Province"), default_container = "Hàn Quốc", default_placetype = "province", data = export.south_korea_provinces, } export.spain_autonomous_communities = { ["Andalusia, Spain"] = {}, ["Aragon, Spain"] = {}, ["Asturias, Spain"] = {}, ["Balearic Islands, Spain"] = {the = true}, ["Basque Country, Spain"] = {the = true, wp = "%l (autonomous community)"}, ["Canary Islands, Spain"] = {the = true}, ["Cantabria, Spain"] = {}, ["Castile and León, Spain"] = {}, ["Castilla-La Mancha, Spain"] = {wp = "Castilla–La Mancha"}, -- with en-dash ["Catalonia, Spain"] = {}, ["Community of Madrid, Spain"] = {the = true}, ["Extremadura, Spain"] = {}, ["Galicia, Spain"] = {wp = "%l (Spain)"}, ["La Rioja, Spain"] = {}, ["Murcia, Spain"] = {wp = "Region of %l"}, ["Navarre, Spain"] = {}, ["Valencia, Spain"] = {wp = "Valencian Community"}, ["Valencian Community, Spain"] = {alias_of = "Valencia, Spain"}, } -- autonomous communities of Spain export.spain_group = { default_container = "Tây Ban Nha", default_placetype = "autonomous community", default_divs = {"municipalities", "comarcas"}, data = export.spain_autonomous_communities, } export.taiwan_counties = { ["Changhua County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Chiayi County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Hsinchu County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Hualien County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Kinmen County, Taiwan"] = {wp = "Kinmen"}, ["Lienchiang County, Taiwan"] = {wp = "Matsu Islands"}, ["Miaoli County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Nantou County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Penghu County, Taiwan"] = {wp = "Penghu"}, ["Pingtung County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Taitung County, Taiwan"] = {}, ["Yilan County, Taiwan"] = {wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Yunlin County, Taiwan"] = {}, } -- counties of Taiwan export.taiwan_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Taiwan$", " County$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Taiwan", " County"), default_container = "Đài Loan", default_placetype = "county", default_divs = {"districts", "townships"}, data = export.taiwan_counties, } export.thailand_provinces = { -- Bangkok (special administrative area) ["Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Ang Thong Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Bueng Kan Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Buriram Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chachoengsao Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chai Nat Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chanthaburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chiang Mai Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chiang Rai Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chonburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Chumphon Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Kalasin Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Khon Kaen Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Krabi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Lampang Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Lamphun Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Loei Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Lopburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Mukdahan Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nakhon Nayok Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nakhon Pathom Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nakhon Sawon Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nan Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Narathiwat Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nong Bua Lamphu Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nong Khai Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Nonthaburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Pathum Thani Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Pattani Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phang Nga Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phatthalung Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phayao Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phetchabun Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phetchaburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phichit Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phitsanulok Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phrae Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Phuket Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Prachinburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Ranong Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Ratchaburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Rayong Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Roi Et Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Samut Prakan Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Saraburi Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Satun Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Sing Buri Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Sisaket Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Songkhla Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Sukhothai Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Suphan Buri Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Surat Thani Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Surin Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Tak Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Trang Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Trat Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Udon Thani Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Uthai Thani Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Uttaradit Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Yala Province, Thailand"] = {}, ["Yasothon Province, Thailand"] = {}, } -- provinces of Thailand export.thailand_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Thailand$", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Thailand", " Province"), default_container = "Thái Lan", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = "districts", -- For obscure reasons, provinces of Iran, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam use lowercase 'province' default_wp = "%e province", data = export.thailand_provinces, } export.turkey_provinces = { ["Adana Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 01 ["Adıyaman Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 02 ["Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 03 ["Ağrı Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 04 ["Amasya Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 05 ["Ankara Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 06 ["Antalya Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 07 ["Artvin Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 08 ["Aydın Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 09 ["Balıkesir Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 10 ["Bilecik Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 11 ["Bingöl Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 12 ["Bitlis Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 13 ["Bolu Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 14 ["Burdur Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 15 ["Bursa Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 16 ["Çanakkale Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 17 ["Çankırı Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 18 ["Çorum Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 19 ["Denizli Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 20 ["Diyarbakır Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 21 ["Edirne Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 22 ["Elazığ Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 23 ["Elâzığ Province, Turkey"] = {alias_of = "Elazığ Province, Turkey", display = true}, ["Erzincan Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 24 ["Erzurum Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 25 ["Eskişehir Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 26 ["Gaziantep Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 27 ["Giresun Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 28 ["Gümüşhane Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 29 ["Hakkâri Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 30 ["Hakkari Province, Turkey"] = {alias_of = "Hakkâri Province, Turkey", display = true}, ["Hatay Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 31 ["Isparta Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 32 ["Mersin Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 33 -- ["Istanbul Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 34; this is coextensive with the city itself ["İzmir Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 35 ["Izmir Province, Turkey"] = {alias_of = "İzmir Province, Turkey", display = true}, ["Kars Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 36 ["Kastamonu Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 37 ["Kayseri Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 38 ["Kırklareli Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 39 ["Kırşehir Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 40 ["Kocaeli Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 41 ["Konya Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 42 ["Kütahya Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 43 ["Malatya Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 44 ["Manisa Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 45 ["Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 46 ["Mardin Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 47 ["Muğla Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 48 ["Muş Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 49 ["Nevşehir Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 50 ["Niğde Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 51 ["Ordu Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 52 ["Rize Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 53 ["Sakarya Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 54 ["Samsun Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 55 ["Siirt Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 56 ["Sinop Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 57 ["Sivas Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 58 ["Tekirdağ Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 59 ["Tokat Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 60 ["Trabzon Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 61 ["Tunceli Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 62 ["Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 63 ["Uşak Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 64 ["Van Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 65 ["Yozgat Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 66 ["Zonguldak Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 67 ["Aksaray Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 68 ["Bayburt Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 69 ["Karaman Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 70 ["Kırıkkale Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 71 ["Batman Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 72 ["Şırnak Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 73 ["Bartın Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 74 ["Ardahan Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 75 ["Iğdır Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 76 ["Yalova Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 77 ["Karabük Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 78 ["Kilis Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 79 ["Osmaniye Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 80 ["Düzce Province, Turkey"] = {}, -- code 81 } -- provinces of Turkey export.turkey_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Turkey$", " Province$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Turkey", " Province"), default_container = "Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ", default_placetype = "province", default_divs = "districts", data = export.turkey_provinces, } export.ukraine_oblasts = { ["Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Cherkasy]], license plate prefix CA, IA ["Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Chernihiv]], license plate prefix CB, IB ["Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Chernivtsi]], license plate prefix CE, IE -- apparently will be renamed to 'Dnipro Oblast' ["Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Dnipro]], license plate prefix AE, KE ["Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital ''[[Donetsk]] ([[Kramatorsk]])'', license plate prefix AH, KH ["Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Ivano-Frankivsk]], license plate prefix AT, KT ["Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Kharkiv]], license plate prefix AX, KX ["Kherson Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital ''[[Kherson]]'', license plate prefix ''BT, HT'' ["Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Khmelnytskyi]], license plate prefix BX, HX -- apparently will be renamed to 'Kropyvnytskyi Oblast' ["Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Kropyvnytskyi]], license plate prefix BA, HA ["Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Kyiv]], license plate prefix AI, KI ["Kiev Oblast, Ukraine"] = {alias_of = "Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine", display = true}, ["Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital ''[[Luhansk]] ([[Sievierodonetsk]])'', license plate prefix BB, HB ["Lviv Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Lviv]], license plate prefix BC, HC ["Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Mykolaiv]], license plate prefix BE, HE ["Odesa Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Odesa]], license plate prefix BH, HH ["Odessa Oblast, Ukraine"] = {alias_of = "Odesa Oblast, Ukraine", display = true}, ["Poltava Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Poltava]], license plate prefix BI, HI ["Rivne Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Rivne]], license plate prefix BK, HK ["Sumy Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Sumy]], license plate prefix BM, HM ["Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Ternopil]], license plate prefix BO, HO ["Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Vinnytsia]], license plate prefix AB, KB ["Volyn Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Lutsk]], license plate prefix AC, KC ["Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Uzhhorod]], license plate prefix AO, KO ["Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital ''[[Zaporizhzhia]]'', license plate prefix AP, KP ["Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine"] = {alias_of = "Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine", display = true}, ["Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine"] = {}, -- capital [[Zhytomyr]], license plate prefix AM, KM } -- oblasts of Ukraine export.ukraine_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Ukraine$", " Oblast$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Ukraine", " Oblast"), default_container = "Ukraina", default_placetype = "oblast", default_divs = {"raions", "hromadas"}, data = export.ukraine_oblasts, } export.united_kingdom_constituent_countries = { ["England"] = {divs = { "counties", "districts", {type = "local government districts", cat_as = "districts"}, { type = "local government districts with borough status", cat_as = {"districts", "boroughs"}, }, {type = "boroughs", cat_as = {"districts", "boroughs"}}, {type = "civil parishes", container_parent_type = false}, }}, ["Northern Ireland"] = { placetype = {"constituent country", "province", "quốc gia"}, divs = {"counties", "districts"}, }, ["Scotland"] = {divs = { {type = "council areas", container_parent_type = false}, "districts", }}, ["Wales"] = {divs = { "counties", {type = "county boroughs", container_parent_type = false}, {type = "communities", container_parent_type = false}, {type = "Welsh communities", cat_as = {{type = "communities", container_parent_type = false}}}, }}, } -- constituent countries and provinces of the United Kingdom export.united_kingdom_group = { placename_to_key = false, default_container = "United Kingdom", default_placetype = {"constituent country", "quốc gia"}, addl_divs = { "traditional counties", {type = "historical counties", cat_as = "traditional counties"}, }, -- Don't create categories like 'Category:en:Towns in the United Kingdom' -- or 'Category:en:Places in the United Kingdom'. default_no_container_cat = true, data = export.united_kingdom_constituent_countries, } export.england_counties = { -- NOTE: We used to have various other "no longer" counties commented out, which seems to refer to counties that -- existed officially at some point between 1889 and 1974, which I have removed. I have only kept the three -- ceremonial counties that existed from 1974 (when ceremonial counties were created) to 1996, as well as those -- still considered "historic counties" per [[w:Historic counties of England]]. -- ["Avon, England"] = {wp = "%l (county)"}, -- no longer (1974 to 1996) ["Bedfordshire, England"] = {}, ["Berkshire, England"] = {}, -- ["Brighton and Hove, England"] = {}, -- city -- ["Bristol, England"] = {}, -- city ["Buckinghamshire, England"] = {}, ["Cambridgeshire, England"] = {}, ["Cheshire, England"] = {}, -- ["Cleveland, England"] = {wp = "%l (county)"}, -- no longer (1974 to 1996) ["Cornwall, England"] = {}, -- ["Cumberland, England"] = {}, -- no longer (historic county) ["Cumbria, England"] = {}, ["Derbyshire, England"] = {}, ["Devon, England"] = {}, ["Dorset, England"] = {}, ["County Durham, England"] = {}, ["East Sussex, England"] = {}, ["Essex, England"] = {}, ["Gloucestershire, England"] = {}, ["Greater London, England"] = {}, ["Greater Manchester, England"] = {}, ["Hampshire, England"] = {}, ["Herefordshire, England"] = {}, ["Hertfordshire, England"] = {}, -- ["Humberside, England"] = {}, -- no longer (1974 to 1996) -- ["Huntingdonshire, England"] = {}, -- no longer (historic county) ["Isle of Wight, England"] = {the = true}, ["Kent, England"] = {}, ["Lancashire, England"] = {}, ["Leicestershire, England"] = {}, ["Lincolnshire, England"] = {}, ["Merseyside, England"] = {}, -- ["Middlesex, England"] = {}, -- no longer (historic county) ["Norfolk, England"] = {}, ["Northamptonshire, England"] = {}, ["Northumberland, England"] = {}, ["North Yorkshire, England"] = {}, ["Nottinghamshire, England"] = {}, ["Oxfordshire, England"] = {}, ["Rutland, England"] = {}, ["Shropshire, England"] = {}, ["Somerset, England"] = {}, ["South Humberside, England"] = {}, ["South Yorkshire, England"] = {}, ["Staffordshire, England"] = {}, ["Suffolk, England"] = {}, ["Surrey, England"] = {}, -- ["Sussex, England"] = {}, -- no longer (historic county) ["Tyne and Wear, England"] = {}, ["Warwickshire, England"] = {}, ["West Midlands, England"] = {the = true, wp = "%l (county)"}, -- ["Westmorland, England"] = {}, -- no longer (historic county) ["West Sussex, England"] = {}, ["West Yorkshire, England"] = {}, ["Wiltshire, England"] = {}, ["Worcestershire, England"] = {}, -- ["Yorkshire, England"] = {}, -- no longer (historic county) ["East Riding of Yorkshire, England"] = {the = true}, } -- counties of England export.england_group = { default_container = {key = "England", placetype = "constituent country"}, default_placetype = "county", default_divs = { "districts", {type = "local government districts", cat_as = "districts"}, { type = "local government districts with borough status", cat_as = {"districts", "boroughs"}, }, {type = "boroughs", cat_as = {"districts", "boroughs"}}, "civil parishes", }, data = export.england_counties, } export.northern_ireland_counties = { ["County Antrim, Northern Ireland"] = {}, ["County Armagh, Northern Ireland"] = {}, ["City of Belfast, Northern Ireland"] = {the = true, is_city = true, wp = "Belfast"}, ["County Down, Northern Ireland"] = {}, ["County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland"] = {}, ["County Londonderry, Northern Ireland"] = {}, ["City of Derry, Northern Ireland"] = {the = true, is_city = true, wp = "Derry"}, ["County Tyrone, Northern Ireland"] = {}, } -- counties of Northern Ireland export.northern_ireland_group = { key_to_placename = make_irish_type_key_to_placename(", Northern Ireland$"), placename_to_key = make_irish_type_placename_to_key(", Northern Ireland"), default_container = {key = "Northern Ireland", placetype = "constituent country"}, default_placetype = "county", data = export.northern_ireland_counties, } export.scotland_council_areas = { ["Aberdeenshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["Angus, Scotland"] = {wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Argyll and Bute, Scotland"] = {}, ["City of Aberdeen, Scotland"] = {the = true, wp = "Aberdeen"}, ["Aberdeen"] = {alias_of = "City of Aberdeen, Scotland"}, ["Aberdeen City"] = {alias_of = "City of Aberdeen, Scotland"}, ["City of Dundee, Scotland"] = {the = true, wp = "Dundee"}, ["Dundee"] = {alias_of = "City of Dundee, Scotland"}, ["Dundee City"] = {alias_of = "City of Dundee, Scotland"}, ["City of Edinburgh, Scotland"] = {the = true, wp = "%l council area"}, ["Edinburgh"] = {alias_of = "City of Edinburgh, Scotland"}, ["City of Glasgow, Scotland"] = {the = true, wp = "Glasgow"}, ["Glasgow"] = {alias_of = "City of Glasgow, Scotland"}, ["Clackmannanshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland"] = {}, ["East Ayrshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["East Dunbartonshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["East Lothian, Scotland"] = {}, ["East Renfrewshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["Falkirk, Scotland"] = {wp = "%l council area"}, ["Fife, Scotland"] = {}, ["Highland, Scotland"] = {wp = "%l council area"}, ["Inverclyde, Scotland"] = {}, ["Midlothian, Scotland"] = {}, ["Moray, Scotland"] = {}, ["North Ayrshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["North Lanarkshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["Orkney Islands, Scotland"] = {the = true}, ["Perth and Kinross, Scotland"] = {}, ["Renfrewshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["Scottish Borders, Scotland"] = {the = true}, ["Shetland Islands, Scotland"] = {the = true}, ["South Ayrshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["South Lanarkshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["Stirling, Scotland"] = {wp = "%l council area"}, ["West Dunbartonshire, Scotland"] = {}, ["West Lothian, Scotland"] = {}, ["Western Isles, Scotland"] = {the = true, wp = "Outer Hebrides"}, ["Na h-Eileanan Siar, Scotland"] = {alias_of = "Western Isles, Scotland"}, } -- council areas of Scotland export.scotland_group = { default_container = {key = "Scotland", placetype = "constituent country"}, default_placetype = "council area", data = export.scotland_council_areas, } export.wales_principal_areas = { ["Blaenau Gwent, Wales"] = {}, ["Bridgend, Wales"] = {wp = "%l County Borough"}, ["Caerphilly, Wales"] = {wp = "%l County Borough"}, -- ["Cardiff, Wales"] = {placetype = "thành phố"}, ["Carmarthenshire, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Ceredigion, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Conwy, Wales"] = {wp = "%l County Borough"}, ["Denbighshire, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Flintshire, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Gwynedd, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Isle of Anglesey, Wales"] = {the = true, placetype = "county"}, ["Anglesey, Wales"] = {alias_of = "Isle of Anglesey, Wales"}, -- differs in "the" ["Merthyr Tydfil, Wales"] = {wp = "%l County Borough"}, ["Monmouthshire, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Neath Port Talbot, Wales"] = {}, -- ["Newport, Wales"] = {placetype = "thành phố", wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Pembrokeshire, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Powys, Wales"] = {placetype = "county"}, ["Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales"] = {}, -- ["Swansea, Wales"] = {placetype = "thành phố"}, ["Torfaen, Wales"] = {}, ["Vale of Glamorgan, Wales"] = {the = true}, ["Wrexham, Wales"] = {wp = "%l County Borough"}, } -- principal areas (cities, counties and county boroughs) of Wales export.wales_group = { default_container = {key = "Wales", placetype = "constituent country"}, default_placetype = "county borough", data = export.wales_principal_areas, } export.united_states_states = { ["Alabama, USA"] = {}, ["Alaska, USA"] = {divs = { {type = "boroughs", container_parent_type = "counties"}, {type = "borough seats", container_parent_type = "county seats"}, }}, ["Arizona, USA"] = {}, ["Arkansas, USA"] = {}, ["California, USA"] = {}, ["Colorado, USA"] = {divs = {"counties", "county seats", "municipalities"}}, ["Connecticut, USA"] = {divs = {"counties", "county seats", "municipalities"}}, ["Delaware, USA"] = {}, ["Florida, USA"] = {}, ["Georgia, USA"] = {wp = "%l (U.S. state)"}, ["Hawaii, USA"] = {addl_parents = {"Polynesia"}}, ["Idaho, USA"] = {}, ["Illinois, USA"] = {}, ["Indiana, USA"] = {}, ["Iowa, USA"] = {}, ["Kansas, USA"] = {}, ["Kentucky, USA"] = {}, ["Louisiana, USA"] = {divs = { {type = "parishes", container_parent_type = "counties"}, {type = "parish seats", container_parent_type = "county seats"}, }}, ["Maine, USA"] = {}, ["Maryland, USA"] = {}, ["Massachusetts, USA"] = {}, ["Michigan, USA"] = {}, ["Minnesota, USA"] = {}, ["Mississippi, USA"] = {}, ["Missouri, USA"] = {}, ["Montana, USA"] = {}, ["Nebraska, USA"] = {}, ["Nevada, USA"] = {}, ["New Hampshire, USA"] = {}, ["New Jersey, USA"] = {divs = { "counties", "county seats", {type = "boroughs", prep = "in"}, }}, ["New Mexico, USA"] = {}, ["New York, USA"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["North Carolina, USA"] = {}, ["North Dakota, USA"] = {}, ["Ohio, USA"] = {}, ["Oklahoma, USA"] = {}, ["Oregon, USA"] = {}, ["Pennsylvania, USA"] = {divs = { "counties", "county seats", {type = "boroughs", prep = "in"}, }}, ["Rhode Island, USA"] = {}, ["South Carolina, USA"] = {}, ["South Dakota, USA"] = {}, ["Tennessee, USA"] = {}, ["Texas, USA"] = {}, ["Utah, USA"] = {}, ["Vermont, USA"] = {}, ["Virginia, USA"] = {}, ["Washington, USA"] = {wp = "%l (state)"}, ["West Virginia, USA"] = {}, ["Wisconsin, USA"] = {}, ["Wyoming, USA"] = {}, } -- states of the United States export.united_states_group = { placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", USA"), default_container = "Hoa Kỳ", default_placetype = "state", default_divs = {"counties", "county seats"}, addl_divs = { {type = "census-designated places", prep = "in"}, {type = "unincorporated communities", prep = "in"}, }, data = export.united_states_states, } export.vietnam_provinces = { -- [[Northeast (Vietnam)|Northeast]] region ["Bắc Giang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Bắc Giang]] ["Bắc Kạn, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Bắc Kạn]] ["Cao Bằng, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Cao Bằng]] ["Hà Giang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Hà Giang]] ["Lạng Sơn, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Lạng Sơn]] ["Phú Thọ, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Việt Trì]] ["Quảng Ninh, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Hạ Long]] ["Thái Nguyên, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Thái Nguyên]] ["Tuyên Quang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Tuyên Quang]] -- [[Northwest (Vietnam)|Northwest]] region ["Lào Cai, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Lào Cai]] ["Yên Bái, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Yên Bái]] ["Điện Biên, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Điện Biên Phủ]] ["Hòa Bình, Việt Nam"] = {}, ["Lai Châu, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Lai Châu]] ["Sơn La, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Sơn La]] -- [[Red River Delta]] region ["Bắc Ninh, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Bắc Ninh]] ["Hà Nam, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Phủ Lý]] ["Hải Dương, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Hải Dương]] ["Hưng Yên, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Hưng Yên]] ["Nam Định, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Nam Định]] ["Ninh Bình, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Ninh Bình|Hoa Lư]] ["Thái Bình, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Thái Bình]] ["Vĩnh Phúc, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Vĩnh Yên]] -- ["Hanoi"] = {placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- capital [[Hoàn Kiếm district]] -- ["Haiphong"] = {placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- capital [[Hồng Bàng district]] -- [[North Central Coast]] region ["Hà Tĩnh, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Hà Tĩnh]] ["Nghệ An, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Vinh]] ["Quảng Bình, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Đồng Hới]] ["Quảng Trị, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Đông Hà]] ["Thanh Hóa, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- ["Hue"] = {placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}, wp = "Huế"}, -- capital [[Thuận Hoá district]] -- [[Central Highlands (Vietnam)|Central Highlands]] region ["Đắk Lắk, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Buôn Ma Thuột]] ["Đăk Nông, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Gia Nghĩa]] ["Gia Lai, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Pleiku]] ["Kon Tum, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Kon Tum]] ["Lâm Đồng, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Đà Lạt]] -- [[South Central Coast]] region ["Bình Định, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Quy Nhon]] ["Bình Thuận, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Phan Thiết]] ["Khánh Hòa, Việt Nam"] = {}, ["Ninh Thuận, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm]] ["Phú Yên, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Tuy Hoà]] ["Quảng Nam, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Tam Kỳ]] ["Quảng Ngãi, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Quảng Ngãi]] -- ["Da Nang"] = {placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- capital [[Hải Châu district]] -- [[Southeast (Vietnam)|Southeast]] region ["Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Bà Rịa]] ["Bình Dương, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Thủ Dầu Một]] ["Bình Phước, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Đồng Xoài]] ["Đồng Nai, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Biên Hoà]] ["Tây Ninh, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Tây Ninh]] -- ["Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh"] = {placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}}, -- capital [[District 1, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh|'''District 1''']] -- [[Mekong Delta]] region ["An Giang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Long Xuyên]] ["Bạc Liêu, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Bạc Liêu]] ["Bến Tre, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Bến Tre]] ["Cà Mau, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Cà Mau]] ["Đồng Tháp, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Cao Lãnh City|Cao Lãnh]] ["Hậu Giang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Vị Thanh]] ["Kiên Giang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Rạch Giá]] ["Long An, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Tân An]] ["Sóc Trăng, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Sóc Trăng]] ["Tiền Giang, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Mỹ Tho]] ["Trà Vinh, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Trà Vinh]] ["Vĩnh Long, Việt Nam"] = {}, -- capital [[Vĩnh Long]] -- ["Can Tho"] = {placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}, wp = "Cần Thơ"}, -- capital [[Ninh Kiều district]] } -- provinces of Vietnam export.vietnam_group = { key_to_placename = make_key_to_placename(", Việt Nam$", "$"), placename_to_key = make_placename_to_key(", Việt Nam", ""), default_container = "Việt Nam", default_placetype = "tỉnh", -- There may not be enough districts to subcategorize like this. -- default_divs = "districts", -- For obscure reasons, provinces of Iran, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam use lowercase 'province' default_wp = "%e", data = export.vietnam_provinces, } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- City data -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- export.australia_cities = { ["Adelaide"] = {container = "South Australia"}, -- 1,450,000 (Agglomeration) ["Brisbane"] = {container = "Queensland"}, -- 3,450,000 (Conglomeration; including the Gold Coast [750,997 2024 estiamte]) ["Canberra"] = {container = {key = "Lãnh thổ Thủ đô Úc, Úc", placetype = "territory"}}, -- 510,641 (2024 estimate) ["Melbourne"] = {container = "Victoria"}, -- 5,200,000 (Agglomeration) ["Newcastle, New South Wales"] = {container = "New South Wales", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 534,033 (2024 estimate) ["Newcastle"] = {alias_of = "Newcastle, New South Wales"}, ["Perth"] = {container = "Western Australia"}, -- 2,350,000 (Agglomeration) ["Sydney"] = {container = "New South Wales"}, -- 5,100,000 (Agglomeration) } export.australia_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Úc", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.australia_cities, } export.brazil_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de; retrieved 2025-04-27; reference date 2025-01-01. ["São Paulo"] = {container = "São Paulo"}, -- 22,600,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; including Guarulhos) ["Sao Paulo"] = {alias_of = "São Paulo", display = true}, ["Rio de Janeiro"] = {container = "Rio de Janeiro"}, -- 13,600,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Belo Horizonte"] = {container = "Minas Gerais"}, -- 5,300,000 ["Recife"] = {container = "Pernambuco"}, -- 4,100,000 ["Porto Alegre"] = {container = "Rio Grande do Sul"}, -- 3,950,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Brasília"] = {container = "Distrito Federal"}, -- 3,850,000 ["Brasilia"] = {alias_of = "Brasília", display = true}, ["Fortaleza"] = {container = "Ceará"}, -- 3,825,000 ["Salvador"] = {container = "Bahia", wp = "%l, %c", commonscat = "%l (%c)"}, -- 3,400,000 ["Curitiba"] = {container = "Paraná"}, -- 3,375,000 ["Campinas"] = {container = "São Paulo"}, -- 3,250,000 ["Goiânia"] = {container = "Goiás"}, -- 2,525,000 ["Goiania"] = {alias_of = "Goiânia", display = true}, ["Manaus"] = {container = "Amazonas"}, -- 2,275,000 ["Belém"] = {container = "Pará"}, -- 2,200,000 ["Belem"] = {alias_of = "Belém", display = true}, ["Vitória"] = {container = "Espírito Santo", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,870,000 ["Vitoria"] = {alias_of = "Vitória", display = true}, ["Santos"] = {container = "São Paulo", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,760,000 ["São Luís"] = {container = "Maranhão", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,530,000 ["Sao Luis"] = {alias_of = "São Luís", display = true}, ["Natal"] = {container = "Rio Grande do Norte", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,360,000 ["Florianópolis"] = {container = "Santa Catarina"}, -- 1,260,000 ["Florianopolis"] = {alias_of = "Florianópolis", display = true}, ["Maceió"] = {container = "Alagoas"}, -- 1,220,000 ["Maceio"] = {alias_of = "Maceió", display = true}, ["João Pessoa"] = {container = "Paraíba", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,210,000 ["Joao Pessoa"] = {alias_of = "João Pessoa", display = true}, ["São José dos Campos"] = {container = "São Paulo"}, -- 1,090,000 ["Sao Jose dos Campos"] = {alias_of = "São José dos Campos", display = true}, ["Londrina"] = {container = "Paraná"}, -- 1,050,000 ["Teresina"] = {container = "Piauí"}, -- 1,040,000 } export.brazil_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Brazil", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.brazil_cities, } export.canada_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de; retrieved 2025-04-27; reference date 2025-01-01. ["Toronto"] = {container = "Ontario"}, -- 7,850,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; including Hamilton) ["Montreal"] = {container = "Quebec"}, -- 4,500,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Vancouver"] = {container = "British Columbia"}, -- 3,175,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Calgary"] = {container = "Alberta"}, -- 1,510,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Edmonton"] = {container = "Alberta"}, -- 1,460,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Ottawa"] = {container = "Ontario"}, -- 1,390,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Quebec City"] = {container = "Quebec"}, -- 839,311 metro per Wikipedia (2021 census) ["Winnipeg"] = {container = "Manitoba"}, -- 834,678 metro per Wikipedia (2021 census) ["Hamilton"] = {container = "Ontario", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 785,184 metro per Wikipedia (2021 census) ["Kitchener"] = {container = "Ontario", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 575,847 metro per Wikipedia (2021 census) } export.canada_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Canada", "province"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.canada_cities, } export.france_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de unless otherwise indicated; retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01. ["Paris"] = {container = "Île-de-France"}, -- 11,500,000 (Conglomeration) ["Lyon"] = {container = "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"}, -- 2,050,000 (Conglomeration) ["Lyons"] = {alias_of = "Lyon", display = true}, ["Marseille"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, -- 1,710,000 (Conglomeration) ["Marseilles"] = {alias_of = "Marseille", display = true}, ["Lille"] = {container = "Hauts-de-France"}, -- 1,320,000 (Conglomeration) ["Bordeaux"] = {container = "Nouvelle-Aquitaine"}, -- 1,160,000 (Conglomeration) ["Toulouse"] = {container = "Occitania"}, -- 1,150,000 (Conglomeration) ["Nice"] = {container = "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"}, ["Nantes"] = {container = "Pays de la Loire"}, ["Strasbourg"] = {container = "Grand Est"}, ["Rennes"] = {container = "Brittany"}, } export.france_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", France", "region"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.france_cities, } export.germany_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de unless otherwise indicated; retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01. -- listed under Rhein-Ruhr Area, total population 10,900,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Cologne"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, ["Köln"] = {alias_of = "Cologne", display = true}, ["Düsseldorf"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, ["Dusseldorf"] = {alias_of = "Düsseldorf", display = true}, ["Dortmund"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, ["Essen"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, ["Duisberg"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, ["Berlin"] = {}, -- 4,700,000 ["Frankfurt"] = {container = "Hesse"}, -- 3,225,000 ["Frankfurt am Main"] = {alias_of = "Frankfurt"}, -- not a display alias as it's longer ["Hamburg"] = {}, -- 2,900,000 ["Munich"] = {container = "Bavaria"}, -- 2,300,000 ["Stuttgart"] = {container = "Baden-Württemberg"}, -- 2,300,000 ["Mannheim"] = {container = "Baden-Württemberg"}, -- 1,550,000 ["Nuremberg"] = {container = "Bavaria"}, -- 1,120,000 ["Hanover"] = {"Lower Saxony"}, -- 1,090,000 ["Bielefeld"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, -- 1,080,000 ["Leipzig"] = {container = "Saxony"}, -- 1,080,000 ["Aachen"] = {container = "North Rhine-Westphalia"}, -- 1,000,000 ["Aix-la-Chapelle"] = {alias_of = "Aachen"}, -- historical; not a display alias ["Bremen"] = {}, } export.germany_cities_group = { default_container = "Đức", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Germany", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.germany_cities, } export.india_cities = { -- This lists the 65 metro areas per Demographia's 2023 estimates, as found in -- [[w:List_of_million-plus_urban_agglomerations_in_India]]. The last census in India (as of April 2025) was -- conducted in 2011, and the results are not accurate any more. ["Delhi"] = {container = {key = "Delhi, India", placetype = "union territory"}}, -- 31,190,000 ["Mumbai"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 25,189,000 ["Kolkata"] = {container = "West Bengal"}, -- 21,747,000 ["Bangalore"] = {container = "Karnataka", wp = "Bengaluru"}, -- 15,257,000 ["Bengaluru"] = {alias_of = "Bangalore"}, ["Chennai"] = {container = "Tamil Nadu"}, -- 11,570,000 ["Hyderabad"] = {container = "Telangana"}, -- 9,797,000 ["Ahmedabad"] = {container = "Gujarat"}, -- 8,006,000 ["Pune"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 6,819,000 ["Surat"] = {container = "Gujarat"}, -- 6,601,000 ["Lucknow"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 4,661,000 ["Jaipur"] = {container = "Rajasthan"}, -- 4,360,000 ["Kanpur"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 4,350,000 ["Indore"] = {container = "Madhya Pradesh"}, -- 3,765,000 ["Nagpur"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 3,493,000 ["Patna"] = {container = "Bihar"}, -- 3,331,000 ["Varanasi"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 3,229,000 ["Kozhikode"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 3,049,000 ["Thiruvananthapuram"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 2,851,000 ["Agra"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 2,737,000 ["Bhopal"] = {container = "Madhya Pradesh"}, -- 2,562,000 ["Coimbatore"] = {container = "Tamil Nadu"}, -- 2,551,000 ["Allahabad"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh", wp = "Prayagraj"}, -- 2,438,000 ["Prayagraj"] = {alias_of = "Allahabad"}, ["Kochi"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 2,381,000 ["Ludhiana"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 2,205,000 ["Vadodara"] = {container = "Gujarat"}, -- 2,182,000 ["Chandigarh"] = {container = {key = "Chandigarh, India", placetype = "union territory"}}, -- 2,168,000 ["Madurai"] = {container = "Tamil Nadu"}, -- 2,048,000 ["Meerut"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 2,011,000 ["Visakhapatnam"] = {container = "Andhra Pradesh"}, -- 2,005,000 ["Jamshedpur"] = {container = "Jharkhand"}, -- 1,925,000 ["Malappuram"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 1,868,000 ["Nashik"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,810,000 ["Asansol"] = {container = "West Bengal"}, -- 1,720,000 ["Aligarh"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 1,660,000 ["Ranchi"] = {container = "Jharkhand"}, -- 1,638,000 ["Thrissur"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 1,578,000 ["Kollam"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 1,576,000 ["Jabalpur"] = {container = "Madhya Pradesh"}, -- 1,533,000 ["Dhanbad"] = {container = "Jharkhand"}, -- 1,503,000 ["Jodhpur"] = {container = "Rajasthan"}, -- 1,497,000 ["Aurangabad"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,490,000 ["Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar"] = {alias_of = "Aurangabad"}, ["Rajkot"] = {container = "Gujarat"}, -- 1,487,000 ["Gwalior"] = {container = "Madhya Pradesh"}, -- 1,477,000 ["Raipur"] = {container = "Chhattisgarh"}, -- 1,429,000 ["Gorakhpur"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 1,410,000 ["Kannur"] = {container = "Kerala"}, -- 1,360,000 ["Bareilly"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 1,355,000 ["Guwahati"] = {container = "Assam"}, -- 1,355,000 ["Moradabad"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 1,345,000 ["Amritsar"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 1,313,000 ["Mysore"] = {container = "Karnataka"}, -- 1,296,000 ["Bhilai"] = {container = "Chhattisgarh"}, -- 1,293,000 ["Durg-Bhilainagar"] = {alias_of = "Bhilai"}, ["Durg-Bhilai"] = {alias_of = "Bhilai"}, ["Durg"] = {alias_of = "Bhilai"}, ["Bhilainagar"] = {alias_of = "Bhilai"}, ["Vijayawada"] = {container = "Andhra Pradesh"}, -- 1,232,000 ["Srinagar"] = {container = {key = "Jammu and Kashmir, India", placetype = "union territory"}}, -- 1,212,000 ["Salem"] = {container = "Tamil Nadu", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,189,000 ["Kota"] = {container = "Rajasthan"}, -- 1,172,000 ["Jalandhar"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 1,165,000 ["Saharanpur"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 1,152,000 ["Dehradun"] = {container = "Uttarakhand"}, -- 1,136,000 ["Tiruchirappalli"] = {container = "Tamil Nadu"}, -- 1,131,000 ["Bhubaneswar"] = {container = "Odisha"}, -- 1,112,000 ["Jammu"] = {container = {key = "Jammu and Kashmir, India", placetype = "union territory"}}, -- 1,103,000 ["Solapur"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,082,000 ["Hubli-Dharwad"] = {container = "Karnataka", wp = "Hubli–Dharwad"}, -- 1,062,000; wp with en dash ["Hubli"] = {alias_of = "Hubli-Dharwad"}, ["Dharwad"] = {alias_of = "Hubli-Dharwad"}, ["Puducherry"] = {container = {key = "Puducherry, India", placetype = "union territory"}}, -- 1,024,000 ["Pondicherry"] = {alias_of = "Puducherry", display = true}, -- satellite/secondary cities of metro area (none in citypopulation.de) ["Ghaziabad"] = {container = "Uttar Pradesh"}, -- 1,729,000 city, 2,358,525 urban agglomeration per 2011 census; 3,406,061 2025 estimate from official website; part of Delhi metro area ["Faridabad"] = {container = "Haryana"}, -- 1,414,050 city per 2011 census; part of Delhi metro area ["Thane"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,841,488 city per 2011 census; part of Mumbai metro area ["Kalyan-Dombivli"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,246,381 city per 2011 census; part of Mumbai metro area ["Kalyan-Dombivali"] = {alias_of = "Kalyan-Dombivli", display = true}, ["Kalyan"] = {alias_of = "Kalyan-Dombivli"}, ["Dombivli"] = {alias_of = "Kalyan-Dombivli"}, ["Dombivali"] = {alias_of = "Kalyan-Dombivli"}, ["Vasai-Virar"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,221,233 city per 2011 census; part of Mumbai metro area ["Vasai"] = {alias_of = "Vasai-Virar"}, ["Virar"] = {alias_of = "Vasai-Virar"}, ["Navi Mumbai"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,120,547 city per 2011 census; part of Mumbai metro area ["Howrah"] = {container = "West Bengal"}, -- 1,077,075 city ("metropolis"), 2,811,344 "metro" per 2011 census; part of Kolkata metro area ["Pimpri-Chinchwad"] = {container = "Maharashtra"}, -- 1,727,692 per 2011 census; part of Pune metro area ["Pimpri Chinchwad"] = {alias_of = "Pimpri-Chinchwad", display = true}, } export.india_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", India", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.india_cities, } export.indonesia_cities = { -- cities where the city proper has more than 1,000,000 people as of mid-2023 estimate ["Jakarta"] = {container = "Special Capital Region of Jakarta", divs = { {type = "subdistricts", container_parent_type = false}, }}, ["Surabaya"] = {container = "East Java"}, ["Bekasi"] = {container = "West Java"}, -- part of Jakarta metro area ["Bandung"] = {container = "West Java"}, ["Medan"] = {container = "North Sumatra"}, ["Depok"] = {container = "West Java"}, -- part of Jakarta metro area ["Tangerang"] = {container = "Banten"}, -- part of Jakarta metro area ["Palembang"] = {container = "South Sumatra"}, ["Semarang"] = {container = "Central Java"}, ["Makassar"] = {container = "South Sulawesi"}, ["South Tangerang"] = {container = "Banten"}, -- part of Jakarta metro area ["Batam"] = {container = "Riau Islands"}, ["Bogor"] = {container = "West Java"}, -- part of Jakarta metro area ["Pekanbaru"] = {container = "Riau"}, ["Bandar Lampung"] = {container = "Lampung"}, -- other metro areas over 1,000,000 people ["Padang"] = {container = "West Sumatra"}, ["Samarinda"] = {container = "East Kalimantan"}, ["Malang"] = {container = "East Java"}, ["Yogyakarta"] = {container = "Special Region of Yogyakarta"}, ["Denpasar"] = {container = "Bali"}, ["Cirebon"] = {container = "West Java"}, ["Surakarta"] = {container = "Central Java"}, ["Banjarmasin"] = {container = "South Kalimantan"}, ["Tasikmalaya"] = {container = "West Java"}, } export.indonesia_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Indonesia", "province"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.indonesia_cities, } export.italy_cities = { -- Data per [[w:List_of_metropolitan_areas_of_Italy]]. There are several lists given; the most recent one, used -- here, only gives estimates as of Jan 1, 2014. ["Milan"] = {container = "Lombardy"}, -- 6,623,798 ["Naples"] = {container = "Campania"}, -- 5,294,546 ["Rome"] = {container = "Lazio"}, -- 4,447,881 ["Turin"] = {container = "Piedmont"}, -- 1,865,284 ["Venice"] = {container = "Veneto"}, -- 1,645,900 ["Florence"] = {container = "Tuscany"}, -- 1,485,030 ["Bari"] = {container = "Apulia"}, -- 1,257,459 ["Palermo"] = {container = "Sicily"}, -- 1,183,084 -- include a few just below 1,000,000 metro area that may be above it by now (depending on the definition). ["Catania"] = {container = "Sicily"}, -- 988,240 ["Brescia"] = {container = "Lombardy"}, -- 924,090 ["Genoa"] = {container = "Liguria"}, -- 861,318 } export.italy_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Italy", "region"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.italy_cities, } export.japan_cities = { -- Population figures from [[w:List of cities in Japan]]. Metro areas from -- [[w:List of metropolitan areas in Japan]]. ["Tokyo"] = {keydesc = "[[Tokyo]] Metropolis, the [[capital city]] and a [[prefecture]] of [[Japan]] (which is a country in [[Asia]])", placetype = {"thành phố", "tỉnh"}, divs = { {type = "quận đặc biệt", container_parent_type = false}, {type = "thành phố", prep = "của"}, }, }, ["Yokohama"] = {container = "Kanagawa"}, -- 3,697,894 ["Ōsaka"] = {container = "Ōsaka"}, -- 2,668,586 ["Osaka"] = {alias_of = "Ōsaka"}, ["Nagoya"] = {container = "Aichi"}, -- 2,283,289 -- FIXME, Hokkaido is handled specially. ["Sapporo"] = {container = "Hokkaidō"}, -- 1,918,096 ["Fukuoka"] = {container = "Fukuoka"}, -- 1,581,527 ["Kobe"] = {container = "Hyōgo"}, -- 1,530,847 ["Kyoto"] = {container = "Kyoto"}, -- 1,474,570 ["Kawasaki"] = {container = "Kanagawa", wp = "%l, Kanagawa"}, -- 1,373,630 ["Saitama"] = {container = "Saitama", wp = "%l (city)", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,192,418 ["Hiroshima"] = {container = "Hiroshima"}, -- 1,163,806 ["Sendai"] = {container = "Miyagi"}, -- 1,029,552 -- the remaining cities are considered "central cities" in a 1,000,000+ metro area -- (sometimes there is more than one central city in the area). ["Kitakyushu"] = {container = "Fukuoka"}, -- 986,998 ["Chiba"] = {container = "Chiba", wp = "%l (city)", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, -- 938,695 ["Sakai"] = {container = "Ōsaka"}, -- 835,333 ["Niigata"] = {container = "Niigata", wp = "%l (city)", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, -- 813,053 ["Hamamatsu"] = {container = "Shizuoka"}, -- 811,431 ["Shizuoka"] = {container = "Shizuoka", wp = "%l (city)", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, -- 710,944 ["Sagamihara"] = {container = "Kanagawa"}, -- 706,342 ["Okayama"] = {container = "Okayama"}, -- 701,293 ["Kumamoto"] = {container = "Kumamoto"}, -- 670,348 ["Kagoshima"] = {container = "Kagoshima"}, -- 605,196 -- skipped 6 cities (Funabashi, Hachiōji, Kawaguchi, Himeji, Matsuyama, Higashiōsaka) -- with population in the range 509k - 587k because not central cities in any -- 1,000,000+ metro area. ["Utsunomiya"] = {container = "Tochigi"}, -- 507,833 } export.japan_cities_group = { default_container = "Nhật Bản", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Nhật Bản", "prefecture"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.japan_cities, } export.mexico_cities = { ["Mexico City"] = {}, -- its own state ["Monterrey"] = {container = "Nuevo León"}, ["Guadalajara"] = {container = "Jalisco"}, ["Puebla"] = {container = "Puebla", wp = "%l (city)"}, ["Toluca"] = {container = "State of Mexico"}, ["Tijuana"] = {container = "Baja California"}, -- Include the state in the category for León due to possible confusion with León, Spain. ["León, Guanajuato"] = {container = "Guanajuato", wp = "%l, %c"}, ["León"] = {alias_of = "León, Guanajuato"}, ["Leon"] = {alias_of = "León, Guanajuato", display = true}, ["Querétaro"] = {container = "Querétaro", wp = "%l (city)"}, ["Queretaro"] = {alias_of = "Querétaro", display = true}, ["Ciudad Juárez"] = {container = "Chihuahua"}, ["Juárez"] = {alias_of = "Ciudad Juárez"}, ["Juarez"] = {alias_of = "Ciudad Juárez", display = "Juárez"}, ["Torreón"] = {container = "Coahuila"}, ["Torreon"] = {alias_of = "Torreón", display = true}, -- Include the state in the category for Mérida due to possible confusion with Mérida, Spain or -- Mérida, Venezuela. ["Mérida, Yucatán"] = {container = "Yucatán", wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Mérida"] = {alias_of = "Mérida, Yucatán"}, ["Merida"] = {alias_of = "Mérida, Yucatán", display = true}, ["San Luis Potosí"] = {container = "San Luis Potosí", wp = "%l (city)"}, ["San Luis Potosi"] = {alias_of = "San Luis Potosí", display = true}, ["Aguascalientes"] = {container = "Aguascalientes", wp = "%l (city)"}, ["Mexicali"] = {container = "Baja California"}, } export.mexico_cities_group = { default_container = "Mexico", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Mexico", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.mexico_cities, } export.nigeria_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de unless otherwise indicated; retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01. ["Lagos"] = {container = "Lagos"}, -- 21,300,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Kano"] = {container = "Kano", wp = "%l (city)"}, -- 5,350,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Ibadan"] = {container = "Oyo"}, -- 3,400,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Abuja"] = {container = {key = "Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria", placetype = "federal territory"}}, -- 3,050,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Port Harcourt"] = {container = "Rivers"}, -- 2,250,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Kaduna"] = {container = "Kaduna"}, -- 1,980,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Benin City"] = {container = "Edo"}, -- 1,790,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Aba"] = {container = "Abia", wp = "%l, Nigeria"}, -- 1,280,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Onitsha"] = {container = "Anambra"}, -- 1,230,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Maiduguri"] = {container = "Borno"}, -- 1,190,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Ilorin"] = {container = "Kwara"}, -- 1,160,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Sokoto"] = {container = "Sokoto", wp = "%l (city)"}, -- 1,140,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Jos"] = {container = "Plateau"}, -- 1,110,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Zaria"] = {container = "Kaduna"}, -- 1,050,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Enugu"] = {container = "Enugu", wp = "%l (city)"}, -- 1,010,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) } export.nigeria_cities_group = { default_container = "Nigeria", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(" State, Nigeria", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.nigeria_cities, } export.pakistan_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de; retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01. ["Karachi"] = {container = "Sindh"}, -- 21,000,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Lahore"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 14,600,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Rawalpindi"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 5,600,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; including Islamabad) ["Islamabad"] = {container = {key = "Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan", placetype = "federal territory"}}, -- 5,600,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; including Rawalpindi) ["Faisalabad"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 4,125,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Gujranwala"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 3,450,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) -- there is also Hyderabad in India (very confusing) ["Hyderabad, Pakistan"] = {container = "Sindh", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 2,475,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Hyderabad"] = {alias_of = "Hyderabad, Pakistan"}, ["Multan"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 2,425,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Peshawar"] = {container = "Khyber Pakhtunkhwa"}, -- 2,150,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Quetta"] = {container = "Balochistan"}, -- 1,720,000 (Urban Area) ["Sargodha"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 1,080,000 (Urban Area) ["Sialkot"] = {container = "Punjab"}, -- 1,050,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) } export.pakistan_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Pakistan", "province"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.pakistan_cities, } export.philippines_cities = { -- Skipped some cities in Metro Manila (Taguig, Pasig) which don't have districts. -- Other cities outside Metro Manila skipped as not central city in their urban area. ["Quezon City"] = {container = {key = "Metro Manila, Philippines", placetype = "region"}}, -- Don't display-canonicalize Foo to Foo City as it may make the display weird. ["Quezon"] = {alias_of = "Quezon City"}, ["Manila"] = {container = {key = "Metro Manila, Philippines", placetype = "region"}}, ["Davao City"] = {container = "Davao del Sur"}, ["Davao"] = {alias_of = "Davao City"}, ["Caloocan"] = {container = {key = "Metro Manila, Philippines", placetype = "region"}}, ["Zamboanga City"] = {container = "Zamboanga del Sur"}, ["Zamboanga"] = {alias_of = "Zamboanga City"}, ["Cebu City"] = {container = "Cebu"}, ["Cebu"] = {alias_of = "Cebu City"}, ["Antipolo"] = {container = "Rizal"}, ["Cagayan de Oro"] = {container = "Misamis Oriental"}, ["Dasmariñas"] = {container = "Cavite"}, ["Dasmarinas"] = {alias_of = "Dasmariñas", display = true}, ["General Santos"] = {container = "South Cotabato"}, ["San Jose del Monte"] = {container = "Bulacan"}, ["Bacolod"] = {container = "Negros Occidental"}, ["Calamba"] = {container = "Laguna", wp = "%l, %c"}, ["Angeles"] = {container = "Pampanga", wp = "Angeles City"}, ["Angeles City"] = {alias_of = "Angeles"}, ["Iloilo City"] = {container = "Iloilo"}, ["Iloilo"] = {alias_of = "Iloilo City"}, } export.philippines_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Philippines", "province"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.philippines_cities, } export.russia_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de; retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01. ["Moscow"] = {}, -- 18,800,000 (Agglomeration) ["Sankt-Peterburg"] = {}, -- 6,350,000 (Agglomeration) ["Saint Petersburg"] = {alias_of = "Sankt-Peterburg"}, ["Novosibirsk"] = {container = "Novosibirsk Oblast"}, -- 1,820,000 (Agglomeration) ["Yekaterinburg"] = {container = "Sverdlovsk Oblast"}, -- 1,810,000 (Agglomeration) ["Nizhny Novgorod"] = {container = "Nizhny Novgorod Oblast"}, -- 1,620,000 (Agglomeration) ["Kazan"] = {container = {key = "Tatarstan, Russia", placetype = "republic"}}, -- 1,560,000 (Agglomeration) ["Chelyabinsk"] = {container = "Chelyabinsk Oblast"}, -- 1,430,000 (Agglomeration) ["Rostov-on-Don"] = {container = "Rostov Oblast"}, -- 1,390,000 (Agglomeration) ["Rostov-na-Donu"] = {alias_of = "Rostov-on-Don", display = true}, ["Krasnodar"] = {container = {key = "Krasnodar Krai, Russia", placetype = "krai"}}, -- 1,370,000 (Agglomeration) ["Samara"] = {container = "Samara Oblast"}, -- 1,350,000 (Agglomeration) ["Krasnoyarsk"] = {container = {key = "Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia", placetype = "krai"}}, -- 1,270,000 (Agglomeration) ["Ufa"] = {container = {key = "Bashkortostan, Russia", placetype = "republic"}}, -- 1,230,000 (Agglomeration) ["Saratov"] = {container = "Saratov Oblast"}, -- 1,170,000 (Agglomeration) ["Omsk"] = {container = "Omsk Oblast"}, -- 1,140,000 (Agglomeration) ["Voronezh"] = {container = "Voronezh Oblast"}, -- 1,130,000 (Agglomeration) ["Volgograd"] = {container = "Volgograd Oblast"}, -- 1,080,000 (Agglomeration) ["Perm"] = {container = {key = "Perm Krai, Russia", placetype = "krai"}, wp = "%l, Russia"}, -- 1,070,000 (Agglomeration) } export.russia_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Russia", "oblast"), default_container = "Nga", default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.russia_cities, } export.saudi_arabia_cities = { -- Figures for the first five from [[w:List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia]] as of 2022. Unclear if these are -- metro, urban or city proper figures. ["Riyadh"] = {container = "Riyadh"}, -- 7,000,100; 7,700,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (Agglomeration) ["Jeddah"] = {container = "Mecca"}, -- 3,751,917; 3,950,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (Agglomeration) ["Jedda"] = {alias_of = "Jeddah", display = true}, ["Jiddah"] = {alias_of = "Jeddah", display = true}, ["Jidda"] = {alias_of = "Jeddah", display = true}, ["Dammam"] = {container = "Eastern"}, -- 2,638,166; 2,925,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (Agglomeration) ["Mecca"] = {container = "Mecca"}, -- 2,385,509; 2,675,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (Agglomeration) ["Makkah"] = {alias_of = "Mecca", display = true}, ["Medina"] = {container = "Medina"}, -- 1,477,023; 1,530,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (City) ["Hofuf"] = {container = "Eastern"}, -- 1,060,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (Agglomeration) ["Khamis Mushait"] = {container = "Aseer"}, -- 1,030,000 per citypopulation.de 2025-01-01 (Agglomeration) ["Khamis Mushayt"] = {alias_of = "Khamis Mushait", display = true}, } export.saudi_arabia_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(" Province, Saudi Arabia", "province"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.saudi_arabia_cities, } export.south_korea_cities = { -- All cities listed are not associated with any county. ["Seoul"] = {}, ["Busan"] = {}, ["Incheon"] = {}, ["Daegu"] = {}, ["Daejeon"] = {}, ["Gwangju"] = {}, ["Ulsan"] = {}, } export.south_korea_cities_group = { default_container = "Hàn Quốc", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(" County, South Korea", "province"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.south_korea_cities, } export.spain_cities = { ["Madrid"] = {container = "Community of Madrid"}, ["Barcelona"] = {container = "Catalonia"}, ["Valencia"] = {container = "Valencia"}, ["Seville"] = {container = "Andalusia"}, ["Bilbao"] = {container = "Basque Country"}, } export.spain_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Spain", "autonomous community"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.spain_cities, } export.taiwan_cities = { ["Tân Bắc"] = {}, ["New Taipei"] = {alias_of = "Tân Bắc", display = true}, ["Đài Trung"] = {}, ["Cao Hùng"] = {wp = "%l, Đài Loan"}, ["Đài Bắc"] = {}, ["Đào Viên"] = {}, ["Đài Nam"] = {}, -- these last three are not special municipalities ["Gia Nghĩa"] = {placetype = "thành phố"}, ["Tân Trúc"] = {placetype = "thành phố"}, ["Cơ Long"] = {placetype = "thành phố"}, } export.taiwan_cities_group = { placename_to_key = false, -- don't add ", Taiwan" to make the key canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", Taiwan", "county"), default_container = "Đài Loan", default_placetype = {"special municipality", "municipality", "thành phố"}, default_is_city = true, default_divs = {"districts"}, data = export.taiwan_cities, } -- NOTE: It's OK to mix cities from different constituent countries; as long as the immediate container is correct, -- everything else will be figured out. export.united_kingdom_cities = { ["London"] = {container = "Greater London"}, ["Manchester"] = {container = "Greater Manchester"}, ["Birmingham"] = {container = "West Midlands"}, ["Liverpool"] = {container = "Merseyside"}, ["Glasgow"] = {container = {key = "City of Glasgow, Scotland", placetype = "council area"}}, ["Leeds"] = {container = "West Yorkshire"}, ["Newcastle upon Tyne"] = {container = "Tyne and Wear"}, ["Newcastle"] = {alias_of = "Newcastle upon Tyne"}, ["Bristol"] = {container = {key = "England", placetype = "constituent country"}}, ["Cardiff"] = {container = {key = "Wales", placetype = "constituent country"}}, ["Portsmouth"] = {container = "Hampshire"}, ["Edinburgh"] = {container = {key = "City of Edinburgh, Scotland", placetype = "council area"}}, -- under 1,000,000 people but principal areas of Wales; requested by [[User:Donnanz]] ["Swansea"] = {container = {key = "Wales", placetype = "constituent country"}}, ["Newport"] = {container = {key = "Wales", placetype = "constituent country"}, wp = "Newport, Wales"}, } export.united_kingdom_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", England", "county"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.united_kingdom_cities, } export.united_states_cities = { -- top 50 CSA's by population, with the top and sometimes 2nd or 3rd city listed ["New York City"] = {container = "New York", wp = "%l", divs = { {type = "boroughs", container_parent_type = false}, }}, -- Don't display-canonicalize as it may make the display weird (e.g. in the context New York, New York). ["New York"] = {alias_of = "New York City"}, ["Newark"] = {container = "New Jersey"}, ["Los Angeles"] = {container = "California", wp = "%l"}, ["Long Beach"] = {container = "California"}, ["Riverside"] = {container = "California"}, ["Chicago"] = {container = "Illinois", wp = "%l"}, ["Washington, D.C."] = {wp = "%l"}, ["Washington, DC"] = {alias_of = "Washington, D.C.", display = true}, ["Washington D.C."] = {alias_of = "Washington, D.C.", display = true}, ["Washington DC"] = {alias_of = "Washington, D.C.", display = true}, -- Don't display-canonicalize as it may make the display weird (e.g. if the holonym is followed by a District of -- Columbia holonym). ["Washington"] = {alias_of = "Washington, D.C."}, ["Baltimore"] = {container = "Maryland", wp = "%l"}, -- to avoid conflict with San Jose in Costa Rica ["San Jose, California"] = {container = "California"}, ["San Jose"] = {alias_of = "San Jose, California"}, ["San Francisco"] = {container = "California", wp = "%l"}, ["Oakland"] = {container = "California"}, ["Boston"] = {container = "Massachusetts", wp = "%l"}, ["Providence"] = {container = "Rhode Island"}, ["Dallas"] = {container = "Texas", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Fort Worth"] = {container = "Texas"}, ["Philadelphia"] = {container = "Pennsylvania", wp = "%l"}, ["Houston"] = {container = "Texas", wp = "%l"}, ["Miami"] = {container = "Florida", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Atlanta"] = {container = "Georgia", wp = "%l"}, ["Detroit"] = {container = "Michigan", wp = "%l"}, ["Phoenix"] = {container = "Arizona", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Mesa"] = {container = "Arizona"}, ["Seattle"] = {container = "Washington", wp = "%l"}, ["Orlando"] = {container = "Florida"}, ["Minneapolis"] = {container = "Minnesota", wp = "%l"}, ["Cleveland"] = {container = "Ohio", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Denver"] = {container = "Colorado", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["San Diego"] = {container = "California", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Portland"] = {container = "Oregon"}, ["Tampa"] = {container = "Florida"}, ["St. Louis"] = {container = "Missouri", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Saint Louis"] = {alias_of = "St. Louis", display = true}, ["Charlotte"] = {container = "North Carolina"}, ["Sacramento"] = {container = "California"}, ["Pittsburgh"] = {container = "Pennsylvania", wp = "%l"}, ["Salt Lake City"] = {container = "Utah", wp = "%l"}, ["San Antonio"] = {container = "Texas", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Columbus"] = {container = "Ohio"}, ["Kansas City"] = {container = "Missouri", wp = "%l metropolitan area", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Indianapolis"] = {container = "Indiana", wp = "%l"}, ["Las Vegas"] = {container = "Nevada", wp = "%l"}, ["Cincinnati"] = {container = "Ohio", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Austin"] = {container = "Texas"}, ["Milwaukee"] = {container = "Wisconsin", wp = "%l", commonscat = "%l, %c"}, ["Raleigh"] = {container = "North Carolina"}, ["Nashville"] = {container = "Tennessee"}, ["Virginia Beach"] = {container = "Virginia"}, ["Norfolk"] = {container = "Virginia"}, ["Greensboro"] = {container = "North Carolina"}, ["Winston-Salem"] = {container = "North Carolina"}, ["Jacksonville"] = {container = "Florida"}, ["New Orleans"] = {container = "Louisiana", wp = "%l"}, ["Louisville"] = {container = "Kentucky"}, ["Greenville"] = {container = "South Carolina"}, ["Hartford"] = {container = "Connecticut"}, ["Oklahoma City"] = {container = "Oklahoma", wp = "%l"}, ["Grand Rapids"] = {container = "Michigan"}, ["Memphis"] = {container = "Tennessee"}, ["Birmingham, Alabama"] = {container = "Alabama"}, ["Birmingham"] = {alias_of = "Birmingham, Alabama"}, ["Fresno"] = {container = "California"}, ["Richmond"] = {container = "Virginia"}, ["Harrisburg"] = {container = "Pennsylvania"}, -- any major city of top 50 MSA's that's missed by previous ["Buffalo"] = {container = "New York"}, -- any of the top 50 city by city population that's missed by previous ["El Paso"] = {container = "Texas"}, ["Albuquerque"] = {container = "New Mexico"}, ["Tucson"] = {container = "Arizona"}, ["Colorado Springs"] = {container = "Colorado"}, ["Omaha"] = {container = "Nebraska"}, ["Tulsa"] = {container = "Oklahoma"}, -- skip Arlington, Texas; too obscure and likely to be interpreted as Arlington, Virginia } export.united_states_cities_group = { default_container = "Hoa Kỳ", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(", USA", "state"), default_placetype = "thành phố", default_wp = "%l, %c", data = export.united_states_cities, } export.new_york_boroughs = { ["Bronx"] = {the = true, wp = "The Bronx"}, ["Brooklyn"] = {}, ["Manhattan"] = {}, ["Queens"] = {}, ["Staten Island"] = {}, } export.new_york_boroughs_group = { default_container = {key = "New York City", placetype = "thành phố"}, default_placetype = "borough", default_is_city = true, data = export.new_york_boroughs, } export.vietnam_cities = { -- Figures from citypopulation.de (retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01) unless otherwise indicated. ["Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh"] = {}, -- 14,300,000 (Agglomeration; inclunding Bien Hoa) ["Sài Gòn"] = {alias_of = "Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh"}, ["Hanoi"] = {}, -- 7,350,000 (Agglomeration) ["Da Nang"] = {}, -- 1,500,000 (Agglomeration) ["Danang"] = {alias_of = "Da Nang", display = true}, ["Haiphong"] = {}, -- 1,450,000 (Agglomeration) ["Hai Phong"] = {alias_of = "Haiphong", display = true}, -- This is the one entry in this list that is not a province-level municipality; instead it's a "provincial city" -- meaning it is directly under its province as opposed to being contained in a district. ["Bien Hoa"] = {placetype = "thành phố", container = "Đồng Nai", wp = "Biên Hòa"}, -- 1,272,235 (2022 city population per Wikipedia) ["Biên Hòa"] = {alias_of = "Bien Hoa", display = true}, ["Biên Hoà"] = {alias_of = "Bien Hoa", display = true}, -- These two not in citypopulation.de because the urban population may be slightly under 1,000,000, but they are -- both province-level municipalities and close to the 1,000,000 mark. ["Can Tho"] = {wp = "Cần Thơ"}, -- 1,456,000 municipality (2019 census), 994,704 urban (2022 General Statistics Office of Vietnam estimate); capital [[Ninh Kiều district]] ["Cần Thơ"] = {alias_of = "Can Tho", display = true}, ["Huế"] = {wp = "Huế"}, -- 1,257,000 municipality (2019 census), 840,000 urban (2022 General Statistics Office of Vietnam estimate); -- capital [[Thuận Hóa district]] ["Hue"] = {alias_of = "Hue", display = true}, } export.vietnam_cities_group = { placename_to_key = false, -- don't add ", Vietnam" to make the key default_container = "Việt Nam", canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(" , Việt Nam", "tỉnh"), -- Most of the cities listed are province-level municipalities in addition, which contain a certain amount of -- rural territory surrounding the city, but not enough to separate the municipality from the city as distinct -- known locations. default_placetype = {"municipality", "thành phố"}, default_is_city = true, -- There may not be enough districts to subcategorize like this. -- default_divs = "districts", data = export.vietnam_cities, } export.misc_cities = { ------------------ Africa ------------------- -- Sorted by country and then within the country, by decreasing population; figures from citypopulation.de -- (retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01) unless otherwise indicated; combined with data from -- [[w:List of urban areas in Africa by population]]. ["Algiers"] = {container = "Algeria"}, -- 4,325,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Oran"] = {container = "Algeria"}, -- 1,640,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Luanda"] = {container = "Angola"}, -- 9,650,000 (Urban Area) ["Benguela"] = {container = "Angola"}, -- 1,420,000 (Urban Area) ["Cotonou"] = {container = "Benin"}, -- 2,150,000 (Agglomeration) ["Ouagadougou"] = {container = "Burkina Faso"}, -- 3,425,000 (Agglomeration) ["Bobo-Dioulasso"] = {container = "Burkina Faso"}, -- 1,100,000 (Agglomeration) ["Bujumbura"] = {container = "Burundi"}, -- 1,143,202 (Urban Area 2023 per PopulationStat, cited in Wikipedia) ["Yaoundé"] = {container = "Cameroon"}, -- 3,975,000 (City) ["Yaounde"] = {alias_of = "Yaoundé", display = true}, ["Douala"] = {container = "Cameroon"}, -- 3,900,000 (City) ["Bangui"] = {container = "Central African Republic"}, -- 1,680,000 (Agglomeration) ["N'Djamena"] = {container = "Chad"}, -- 1,950,000 (City) ["Ndjamena"] = {alias_of = "N'Djamena", display = true}, ["Kinshasa"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 16,300,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Lubumbashi"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 2,875,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Mbuji-Mayi"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 2,500,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Kananga"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 1,370,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Kisangani"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 1,300,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Bukavu"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 1,100,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Goma"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 1,010,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Tshikapa"] = {container = "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, -- 1,020,468 (2023 Wikipedia [[w:List of cities with over one million inhabitants]] from populationstat.com; not in citypopulation.de) ["Cairo"] = {container = "Ai Cập"}, -- 22,800,000 (Agglomeration, including Giza and Subhra El Kheima) ["Alexandria"] = {container = "Ai Cập"}, -- 6,250,000 (Agglomeration) ["Giza"] = {container = "Ai Cập"}, -- 4,458,135 (2023 from citypopulation.de) ["Shubra El Kheima"] = {container = "Ai Cập"}, -- 1,240,239 (2021 from citypopulation.de) ["Asmara"] = {container = "Eritrea"}, -- 1,090,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Asmera"] = {alias_of = "Asmara", display = true}, ["Addis Ababa"] = {container = "Ethiopia"}, -- 4,825,000 (Agglomeration) ["Banjul"] = {container = "Gambia"}, -- 1,170,000 (Agglomeration) ["Accra"] = {container = "Ghana"}, -- 6,800,000 (Agglomeration) ["Kumasi"] = {container = "Ghana"}, -- 2,900,000 (Agglomeration) ["Conakry"] = {container = "Guinea"}, -- 2,975,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Abidjan"] = {container = "Bờ Biển Ngà"}, -- 7,050,000 (Agglomeration) ["Nairobi"] = {container = "Kenya"}, -- 6,900,000 (unindicated) ["Mombasa"] = {container = "Kenya"}, -- 1,370,000 (City) ["Monrovia"] = {container = "Liberia"}, -- 1,940,000 (Urban Area) ["Tripoli"] = {container = "Libya", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,870,000 (unindicated) ["Antananarivo"] = {container = "Madagascar"}, -- 3,150,000 (Agglomeration) ["Lilongwe"] = {container = "Malawi"}, -- 1,210,000 (City) ["Bamako"] = {container = "Mali"}, -- 5,700,000 (Agglomeration) ["Nouakchott"] = {container = "Mauritania"}, -- 1,500,000 (City) ["Casablanca"] = {container = {key = "Casablanca-Settat, Morocco", placetype = "region"}}, -- 4,450,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Rabat"] = {container = {key = "Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco", placetype = "region"}}, -- 2,125,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Tangier"] = {container = {key = "Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco", placetype = "region"}}, -- 1,410,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Tanger"] = {alias_of = "Tangier", display = true}, ["Tangiers"] = {alias_of = "Tangier", display = true}, ["Fez"] = {container = {key = "Fez-Meknes, Morocco", placetype = "region"}, wp = "%l, Morocco"}, -- 1,310,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Fes"] = {alias_of = "Fez", display = true}, ["Fès"] = {alias_of = "Fez", display = true}, ["Agadir"] = {container = {key = "Souss-Massa, Morocco", placetype = "region"}}, -- 1,270,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Marrakesh"] = {container = {key = "Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco", placetype = "region"}}, -- 1,140,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Marrakech"] = {alias_of = "Marrakesh", display = true}, ["Maputo"] = {container = "Mozambique"}, -- 2,575,000 (Agglomeration) ["Niamey"] = {container = "Niger"}, -- 1,530,000 (City) ["Brazzaville"] = {container = "Republic of the Congo"}, -- 2,475,000 (Agglomeration) ["Pointe-Noire"] = {container = "Republic of the Congo"}, -- 1,480,000 (City) ["Kigali"] = {container = "Rwanda"}, -- 1,960,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Dakar"] = {container = "Senegal"}, -- 4,225,000 (Agglomeration) ["Touba"] = {container = "Senegal"}, -- 1,320,000 (Agglomeration) ["Freetown"] = {container = "Sierra Leone"}, -- 1,420,000 (Agglomeration) ["Mogadishu"] = {container = "Somalia"}, -- 2,250,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Johannesburg"] = {container = {key = "Gauteng, South Africa", placetype = "province"}}, -- 14,800,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; including Pretoria, Soweto, etc.) ["Cape Town"] = {container = {key = "Western Cape, South Africa", placetype = "province"}}, -- 5,100,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Durban"] = {container = {key = "KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa", placetype = "province"}}, -- 3,900,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Pretoria"] = {container = {key = "Gauteng, South Africa", placetype = "province"}}, -- 2,921,488 (2011 census) ["Port Elizabeth"] = {container = {key = "Eastern Cape, South Africa", placetype = "province"}, wp = "Gqeberha"}, -- 1,200,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Gqeberha"] = {alias_of = "Port Elizabeth"}, -- official name; not a display alias ["Khartoum"] = {container = "Sudan"}, -- 7,200,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Dar es Salaam"] = {container = "Tanzania"}, -- 6,650,000 (Agglomeration) ["Mwanza"] = {container = "Tanzania"}, -- 1,340,000 (Agglomeration) ["Mwanza City"] = {alias_of = "Mwanza", display = true}, ["Arusha"] = {container = "Tanzania"}, -- 1,190,000 (Agglomeration) ["Zanzibar"] = {container = "Tanzania"}, -- 1,030,000 (Agglomeration) ["Lomé"] = {container = "Togo"}, -- 2,625,000 (unindicated) ["Lome"] = {alias_of = "Lomé", display = true}, ["Tunis"] = {container = "Tunisia"}, -- 2,725,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Sousse"] = {container = "Tunisia"}, -- 1,180,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Soussa"] = {alias_of = "Sousse", display = true}, ["Kampala"] = {container = "Uganda"}, -- 4,300,000 (unindicated) ["Lusaka"] = {container = "Zambia"}, -- 3,000,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Harare"] = {container = "Zimbabwe"}, -- 2,675,000 (Agglomeration) ------------------ Asia ------------------- -- sorted by country and then within the country, by decreasing population; figures from citypopulation.de -- (retrieved 2025-04-26; reference date 2025-01-01) unless otherwise indicated. ["Kabul"] = {container = "Afghanistan"}, -- 5,250,000 (Agglomeration) ["Baku"] = {container = "Azerbaijan"}, -- 3,725,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Manama"] = {container = "Bahrain"}, -- 1,560,000 (unindicated) ["Dhaka"] = {container = {key = "Dhaka Division, Bangladesh", placetype = "division"}}, -- 23,100,000 (Agglomeration) ["Dacca"] = {alias_of = "Dhaka", display = true}, ["Chittagong"] = {container = {key = "Chittagong Division, Bangladesh", placetype = "division"}}, -- 5,050,000 (Agglomeration) ["Gazipur"] = {container = {key = "Dhaka Division, Bangladesh", placetype = "division"}}, -- 2,674,697 (City per 2022; countied in citypopulation.de as part of Dhaka metro area) ["Khulna"] = {container = {key = "Khulna Division, Bangladesh", placetype = "division"}}, -- 1,210,000 (Agglomeration) ["Phnom Penh"] = {container = "Campuchia"}, -- 2,925,000 (Agglomeration) ["Tehran"] = {container = {key = "Tehran Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 16,800,000 (Agglomeration) ["Teheran"] = {alias_of = "Tehran", display = true}, ["Mashhad"] = {container = {key = "Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 3,475,000 (Agglomeration) ["Mashad"] = {alias_of = "Mashhad", display = true}, ["Meshhed"] = {alias_of = "Mashhad", display = true}, ["Meshed"] = {alias_of = "Mashhad", display = true}, ["Isfahan"] = {container = {key = "Isfahan Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 3,425,000 (Agglomeration) ["Esfahan"] = {alias_of = "Isfahan", display = true}, ["Tabriz"] = {container = {key = "East Azerbaijan Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1,970,000 (Agglomeration) ["Shiraz"] = {container = {key = "Fars Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1,950,000 (Agglomeration) ["Ahvaz"] = {container = {key = "Khuzestan Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1,550,000 (Agglomeration) ["Qom"] = {container = {key = "Qom Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1,450,000 (City) ["Kermanshah"] = {container = {key = "Kermanshah Province, Iran", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1,130,000 (City) ["Baghdad"] = {container = "Iraq"}, -- 7,800,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Basra"] = {container = "Iraq"}, -- 1,710,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Mosul"] = {container = "Iraq"}, -- 1,550,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Erbil"] = {container = "Iraq"}, -- 1,220,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Kirkuk"] = {container = "Iraq"}, -- 1,160,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Najaf"] = {container = "Iraq"}, -- 1,050,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Tel Aviv"] = {container = "Israel"}, -- 3,000,000 (Agglomeration) -- Jerusalem is not recognized internationally as part of either Israel or Palestine, but as a -- [[w:corpus separatum]], so put the container as "châu Á" and list Israel and Palestine as additional parents for -- categorization purposes. ["Jerusalem"] = {container = {key = "châu Á", placetype = "continent"}, addl_parents = {"Israel", "Palestine"}}, -- 1,080,000 (Agglomeration) ["Amman"] = {container = "Jordan"}, -- 6,150,000 (unindicated) ["Irbid"] = {container = "Jordan"}, -- 1,070,000 (unindicated) ["Almaty"] = {container = "Kazakhstan"}, -- 2,700,000 (Agglomeration) ["Alma-Ata"] = {alias_of = "Almaty"}, -- former name, sometimes still used; don't display-canonicalize ["Astana"] = {container = "Kazakhstan"}, -- 1,600,000 (Agglomeration) ["Shymkent"] = {container = "Kazakhstan"}, -- 1,370,000 (Agglomeration) ["Kuwait City"] = {container = "Kuwait"}, -- 5,050,000 (Agglomeration) ["Bishkek"] = {container = "Kyrgyzstan"}, -- 1,540,000 (Agglomeration) ["Beirut"] = {container = "Lebanon"}, -- 1,930,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) -- Kuala Lumpur is a federal capital city, not in any state ["Kuala Lumpur"] = {container = "Malaysia"}, -- 9,550,000 (Agglomeration) -- there are various George Towns and Georgetowns ["George Town, Malaysia"] = {container = {key = "Penang, Malaysia", placetype = "state"}, wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 2,075,000 (Agglomeration) ["George Town"] = {alias_of = "George Town, Malaysia"}, ["Ulaanbaatar"] = {container = "Mông Cổ"}, -- 1,610,000 (City) ["Ulan Bator"] = {alias_of = "Ulaanbaatar", display = true}, ["Yangon"] = {container = "Myanmar"}, -- 5,650,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Rangoon"] = {alias_of = "Yangon", display = true}, ["Mandalay"] = {container = "Myanmar"}, -- 1,600,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Kathmandu"] = {container = "Nepal"}, -- 3,175,000 (Agglomeration) -- Pyongyang is a directly governed city, not in any province ["Pyongyang"] = {container = "Cộng hòa Dân chủ Nhân dân Triều Tiên"}, -- 3,025,000 (Administrative Area (urban population)) ["Muscat"] = {container = "Oman"}, -- 1,620,000 (Agglomeration) ["Gaza"] = {container = "Palestine", wp = "Gaza City"}, -- 2,275,000 (unindicated) ["Gaza City"] = {alias_of = "Gaza"}, ["Doha"] = {container = "Qatar"}, -- 2,650,000 (Agglomeration) ["Colombo"] = {container = "Sri Lanka"}, -- 4,975,000 (unindicated) ["Damascus"] = {container = "Syria"}, -- 3,975,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Aleppo"] = {container = "Syria"}, -- 1,980,000 (unindicated; population of low reliability) ["Dushanbe"] = {container = "Tajikistan"}, -- 1,270,000 (City) ["Bangkok"] = {container = "Thái Lan"}, -- 21,800,000 (Agglomeration) -- Chiang Mai not in citypopulation.de, but 1,198,000 urban population in 2021 per Wikipedia -- [[w:List_of_municipalities_in_Thailand#Largest_cities_by_urban_population]] ["Chiang Mai"] = {container = {key = "Chiang Mai Province, Thailand", placetype = "province"}}, ["Chonburi"] = {container = {key = "Chonburi Province, Thailand", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1,570,000 (Agglomeration; including Pattaya) -- metro area population stats from https://www.statista.com/statistics/255483/biggest-cities-in-turkey/ as of 2021; -- second source is citypopulation.de reference date 2025-01-01. ["Istanbul"] = {placetype = {"thành phố", "province"}, divs = {"districts"}, container = "Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ"}, -- 15.2 million; 16,000,000 (Agglomeration) ["İstanbul"] = {alias_of = "Istanbul", display = true}, ["Ankara"] = {container = {key = "Ankara Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 5.15 million; 5,200,000 (Agglomeration) ["Izmir"] = {container = {key = "İzmir Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}, wp = "İzmir"}, -- 2.95 million; 3,025,000 (Agglomeration) ["İzmir"] = {alias_of = "Izmir", display = true}, ["Bursa"] = {container = {key = "Bursa Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 2.02 million; 2,200,000 (Agglomeration) ["Adana"] = {container = {key = "Adana Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1.77 million; 1,780,000 (Agglomeration) ["Gaziantep"] = {container = {key = "Gaziantep Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1.71 million; 1,750,000 (Agglomeration) ["Antalya"] = {container = {key = "Antalya Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1.3 million; 1,400,000 (Agglomeration) ["Konya"] = {container = {key = "Konya Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1.35 million; 1,390,000 (Agglomeration) ["Diyarbakır"] = {container = {key = "Diyarbakır Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1.07 million; 1,100,000 (Agglomeration) -- Diyarbakır is more common per Ngrams and Google Scholar, but Diyarbakir is the Kurdish form, so we should not -- display-canonicalize to the Turkish form Diyarbakır. ["Diyarbakir"] = {alias_of = "Diyarbakır"}, ["Mersin"] = {container = {key = "Mersin Province, Turkey", placetype = "province"}}, -- 1.03 million; 1,060,000 (Agglomeration) ["Ashgabat"] = {container = "Turkmenistan"}, -- 1,150,000 (Agglomeration) ["Dubai"] = {container = "United Arab Emirates"}, -- 6,050,000 (Agglomeration; including Sharjah) ["Abu Dhabi"] = {container = "United Arab Emirates"}, -- 1,850,000 (City) ["Sharjah"] = {container = "United Arab Emirates"}, -- 1,800,000 (Metro area 2022-2023 per Wikipedia; separate from Dubai) ["Tashkent"] = {container = "Uzbekistan"}, -- 3,850,000 (unindicated) ["Sanaa"] = {container = "Yemen"}, -- 3,275,000 (City; population of low reliability) ["Sana'a"] = {alias_of = "Sanaa", display = true}, ["Aden"] = {container = "Yemen"}, -- 1,079,060 (?; 2023 estimate from World Population Review per Wikipedia) ------------------ Europe or Europe-like (Caucasus etc.) --------------------- ["Yerevan"] = {container = "Armenia"}, -- 1,520,000 (Agglomeration) ["Vienna"] = {container = "Áo"}, -- 2,375,000 (Agglomeration) ["Minsk"] = {container = "Belarus"}, -- 2,100,000 (unindicated) ["Brussels"] = {container = "Bỉ"}, -- 2,800,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Antwerp"] = {container = "Bỉ"}, -- 1,270,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Sofia"] = {container = "Bulgaria"}, -- 1,260,000 (Agglomeration) ["Zagreb"] = {container = "Croatia"}, ["Prague"] = {container = "Czech Republic"}, -- 1,470,000 (Agglomeration) ["Brno"] = {container = "Czech Republic"}, -- 729,405 (metro area per Wikipedia as of 2024-01-01 Czech Statistical Office) ["Olomouc"] = {container = "Czech Republic"}, -- 102,293 (city; included only because someone went crazy creating Olomouc-related terms) ["Copenhagen"] = {container = "Đan Mạch"}, -- 1,800,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Helsinki"] = {container = {key = "Uusimaa, Finland", placetype = "region"}}, -- 1,560,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Tbilisi"] = {container = "Georgia"}, -- 1,430,000 (Agglomeration) ["Athens"] = {container = "Hy Lạp"}, ["Thessaloniki"] = {container = "Hy Lạp"}, ["Budapest"] = {container = "Hungary"}, -- FIXME, per Wikipedia "County Dublin" is now the "Dublin Region" ["Dublin"] = {container = {key = "County Dublin, Ireland", placetype = "county"}}, ["Riga"] = {container = "Latvia"}, ["Amsterdam"] = {container = {key = "North Holland, Netherlands", placetype = "province"}}, ["Rotterdam"] = {container = {key = "South Holland, Netherlands", placetype = "province"}}, ["The Hague"] = {container = {key = "South Holland, Netherlands", placetype = "province"}}, -- Christchurch (metro 546,600) and Wellington (metro 439,800) are too small to make it. ["Auckland"] = {container = {key = "Auckland, New Zealand", placetype = "region"}}, ["Oslo"] = {container = {key = "Oslo, Norway", placetype = "county"}}, ["Warsaw"] = {container = {key = "Masovian Voivodeship, Poland", placetype = "voivodeship"}}, ["Katowice"] = {container = {key = "Silesian Voivodeship, Poland", placetype = "voivodeship"}}, --- Ngrams (up through 2022) and Google Scholar (>= 2024) confirms the common form "Krakow" without accent. ["Krakow"] = {container = {key = "Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland", placetype = "voivodeship"}, wp = "Kraków"}, ["Kraków"] = {alias_of = "Krakow", display = true}, ["Cracow"] = {alias_of = "Krakow", display = true}, --- Ngrams (up through 2022) and Google Scholar (>= 2024) confirm "Gdańsk" and "Poznań" with accent. ["Gdańsk"] = {container = {key = "Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland", placetype = "voivodeship"}}, ["Gdansk"] = {alias_of = "Gdańsk", display = true}, ["Poznań"] = {container = {key = "Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland", placetype = "voivodeship"}}, ["Poznan"] = {alias_of = "Poznań", display = true}, --- Ngrams (up through 2022) and Google Scholar (>= 2024) confirms the common form "Lodz" without accents. ["Lodz"] = {container = {key = "Lodz Voivodeship, Poland", placetype = "voivodeship"}, wp = "Łódź"}, ["Łódź"] = {alias_of = "Lodz", display = true}, ["Lisbon"] = {container = {key = "Lisbon District, Portugal", placetype = "district"}}, ["Porto"] = {container = {key = "Porto District, Portugal", placetype = "district"}}, ["Oporto"] = {alias_of = "Porto", display = true}, ["Bucharest"] = {container = "Romania"}, ["Belgrade"] = {container = "Serbia"}, ["Stockholm"] = {container = "Thụy Điển"}, ["Zurich"] = {container = "Switzerland"}, --- Ngrams (up through 2022) and Google Scholar (>= 2024) confirms the common form "Zurich" without umlaut. --- Even Wikipedia uses the form without umlaut. ["Zürich"] = {alias_of = "Zurich", display = true}, ["Kyiv"] = {container = "Ukraina"}, -- not in Kyiv Oblast -- Don't display-canonicalize Kiev -> Kyiv because in ancient contexts, Kiev is still more common. ["Kiev"] = {alias_of = "Kyiv"}, ["Kharkiv"] = {container = {key = "Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine", placetype = "oblast"}}, ["Odessa"] = {container = {key = "Odesa Oblast, Ukraine", placetype = "oblast"}, wp = "Odesa"}, -- Don't display-canonicalize Odesa -> Odessa because it may be interpreted as a political statement. ["Odesa"] = {alias_of = "Odessa"}, ------------------ North America, South America --------------------- -- Primary figures from citypopulation.de retrieved on 2025-04-26 (reference date 2025-01-01); -- Wikipedia metropolitan figures from [[w:List of metropolitan areas in the Americas]] based on per-country data; -- Wikipedia city limits figures from [[w:List of largest cities in the Americas]]. ["Buenos Aires"] = {container = "Argentina"}, -- 16,800,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; 13,985,794 metropolitan area per Wikipedia) ["Córdoba, Argentina"] = {container = "Argentina", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,810,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; 1,505,25 city limits per Wikipedia) -- to avoid confusion with Córdoba in Spain ["Córdoba"] = {alias_of = "Córdoba, Argentina"}, ["Cordoba"] = {alias_of = "Córdoba, Argentina", display = "Córdoba"}, ["Rosario"] = {container = "Argentina", wp = "%l, Santa Fe"}, -- 1,510,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; 1,348,725 metropolitan area per Wikipedia) ["Mendoza"] = {container = "Argentina", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,180,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["San Miguel de Tucumán"] = {container = "Argentina"}, -- 1,110,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Tucumán"] = {alias_of = "San Miguel de Tucumán"}, ["Tucuman"] = {alias_of = "San Miguel de Tucumán", display = "Tucumán"}, ["Santa Cruz de la Sierra"] = {container = "Bolivia"}, -- 1,960,000 (Consolidated Urban Area); 1,606,671 (city limits per Wikipedia) ["Santa Cruz"] = {alias_of = "Santa Cruz de la Sierra"}, ["La Paz"] = {container = "Bolivia"}, -- 1,870,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; composed of El Alto, now slightly larger, and La Paz) ["El Alto"] = {container = "Bolivia"}, ["Cochabamba"] = {container = "Bolivia"}, -- 1,280,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Santiago"] = {container = "Chile"}, -- 8,400,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; 6,903,479 city limits? per Wikipedia) ["Valparaíso"] = {container = "Chile"}, -- 1,060,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Valparaiso"] = {alias_of = "Valparaíso"}, -- 1,060,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Bogotá"] = {container = "Colombia"}, -- 10,600,000 (Agglomeration; 12,772,828 metropolitan area per Wikipedia) ["Bogota"] = {alias_of = "Bogotá", display = true}, ["Medellín"] = {container = "Colombia"}, -- 4,350,000 (Agglomeration; 4,068,000 metropolitan area per Wikipedia) ["Medellin"] = {alias_of = "Medellín", display = true}, ["Cali"] = {container = "Colombia"}, -- 2,975,000 (Agglomeration; 2,837,000 metropolitan area per Wikipedia) ["Barranquilla"] = {container = "Colombia"}, -- 2,375,000 (Agglomeration; 1,341,160 city limits per Wikipedia) ["Bucaramanga"] = {container = "Colombia"}, -- 1,380,000 (Agglomeration) ["Cartagena, Colombia"] = {container = "Colombia", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,250,000 (Agglomeration) -- to avoid confusion with Cartagena, Spain ["Cartagena"] = {alias_of = "Cartagena, Colombia"}, ["Cúcuta"] = {container = "Colombia"}, -- 1,130,000 (Agglomeration) ["Cucuta"] = {alias_of = "Cúcuta", display = true}, -- to avoid conflict with San Jose, California ["San José, Costa Rica"] = {container = "Costa Rica", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 2,450,000 (Municipality (urban population); 3,160,000 metropolitan area per Wikipedia) ["San José"] = {alias_of = "San José, Costa Rica"}, ["San Jose"] = {alias_of = "San José, Costa Rica"}, -- display = "San José"; causes error due to San Jose alias for California city; FIXME ["Havana"] = {container = "Cuba"}, -- 2,150,000 (City; 2,137,847 city limits? per Wikipedia) ["Santo Domingo"] = {container = "Dominican Republic"}, -- 3,900,000 (Municipality (urban population); 4,274,651 ??? per Wikipedia) ["Guayaquil"] = {container = "Ecuador"}, -- 3,350,000 (Agglomeration; 3,092,000 metro area? per Wikipedia) ["Quito"] = {container = "Ecuador"}, -- 2,875,000 (Agglomeration; 2,889,703 metro area? per Wikipedia) ["San Salvador"] = {container = "El Salvador"}, -- 1,580,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Guatemala City"] = {container = "Guatemala"}, -- 3,375,000 (Municipality (urban population); 3,160,000 metro area? per Wikipedia) ["Port-au-Prince"] = {container = "Haiti"}, -- 3,050,000 (Agglomeration; population of low reliability; 2,915,000 metro area? per Wikipedia) ["San Pedro Sula"] = {container = "Honduras"}, -- 1,330,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Tegucigalpa"] = {container = "Honduras"}, -- 1,220,000 (Urban Area) ["Managua"] = {container = "Nicaragua"}, -- 1,400,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Panama City"] = {container = "Panama"}, -- 1,430,000 (Urban Area) ["Asunción"] = {container = "Paraguay"}, -- 2,350,000 (Municipality (urban population)) ["Lima"] = {container = "Peru"}, -- 12,000,000 (Agglomeration; 11,283,787 ??? per Wikipedia) ["Arequipa"] = {container = "Peru"}, -- 1,210,000 (Agglomeration) ["San Juan"] = {container = {key = "Puerto Rico", placetype = "commonwealth"}, wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 1,910,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Montevideo"] = {container = "Uruguay"}, -- 1,810,000 (Agglomeration; 1,302,954 ??? per Wikipedia) ["Caracas"] = {container = "Venezuela"}, -- 3,850,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; 5,243,301 ??? per Wikipedia) ["Maracaibo"] = {container = "Venezuela"}, -- 2,825,000 (Consolidated Urban Area; 5,278,448 ??? per Wikipedia) -- to avoid confusion with Valencia (city and autonomous community of Spain) ["Valencia, Venezuela"] = {container = "Venezuela", wp = "%l, %c"}, -- 2,100,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Valencia"] = {alias_of = "Valencia, Venezuela"}, ["Maracay"] = {container = "Venezuela"}, -- 1,480,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) ["Barquisimeto"] = {container = "Venezuela"}, -- 1,360,000 (Consolidated Urban Area) } export.misc_cities_group = { canonicalize_key_container = make_canonicalize_key_container(nil, "quốc gia"), default_placetype = "thành phố", data = export.misc_cities, } --[==[ var: List of all known locations, in groups. The first group lists continents and continental regions, followed by three groups listing top-level locations: countries, "country-like entities" (de-facto/unrecognized/etc. countries and dependent territories) and former polities (countries, empires, etc.). After that come first-level subpolities (administrative divisions) of several, mostly large, countries, followed by groups of cities. China and the United Kingdom include second-level subpolities (in the case of China, only the largest ones as the full list runs in the hundreds). ]==] export.locations = { export.continents_group, export.countries_group, export.country_like_entities_group, export.former_countries_group, export.australia_group, export.austria_group, export.bangladesh_group, export.brazil_group, export.bulgaria_group, export.canada_group, export.china_group, export.china_prefecture_level_cities_group, export.china_prefecture_level_cities_group_2, export.egypt_group, export.finland_group, export.france_group, export.france_departments_group, export.germany_group, export.greece_group, export.india_group, export.indonesia_group, export.iran_group, export.ireland_group, export.italy_group, export.japan_group, export.laos_group, export.lebanon_group, export.malaysia_group, export.malta_group, export.mexico_group, export.moldova_group, export.morocco_group, export.netherlands_group, export.new_zealand_group, export.nigeria_group, export.north_korea_group, export.norway_group, export.pakistan_group, export.philippines_group, export.poland_group, export.portugal_group, export.romania_group, export.russia_group, export.saudi_arabia_group, export.south_africa_group, export.south_korea_group, export.spain_group, export.taiwan_group, export.thailand_group, export.turkey_group, export.ukraine_group, export.united_kingdom_group, export.united_states_group, export.england_group, export.northern_ireland_group, export.scotland_group, export.wales_group, export.vietnam_group, export.australia_cities_group, export.brazil_cities_group, export.canada_cities_group, export.france_cities_group, export.germany_cities_group, export.india_cities_group, export.indonesia_cities_group, export.italy_cities_group, export.japan_cities_group, export.mexico_cities_group, export.nigeria_cities_group, export.pakistan_cities_group, export.philippines_cities_group, export.russia_cities_group, export.saudi_arabia_cities_group, export.south_korea_cities_group, export.spain_cities_group, export.taiwan_cities_group, export.united_kingdom_cities_group, export.united_states_cities_group, export.new_york_boroughs_group, export.vietnam_cities_group, export.misc_cities_group, } return export 2r4ri7d2bymsf20lvf9oalvocs2hvnq Bản mẫu:commons inline 10 284140 2573577 2233802 2026-10-26T06:33:32Z TheHighFighter2 42988 TheHighFighter2 đã đổi [[Bản mẫu:R:commons]] thành [[Bản mẫu:commons inline]] 2233802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{romain|}}}||}}[[Image:Commons-logo.svg|20px]] '''[[commons:Category:{{#ifeq: vi | {{{3|{{{lang|vi}}}}}} || {{{3|{{{lang}}}}}}: }}{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|{{{2|{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{romain|}}}||}}''' trên Wikimedia Commons. <noinclude>{{documentation}} [[Thể loại:Bản mẫu liên kết liên wiki]]</noinclude> 1y88o2q8cq7jxmtpy4ddk0gotu6wwt1 2573580 2573577 2026-10-26T06:37:47Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* */ 2573580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:interproject|projectlink|prefix=commons:Category|name=Wikimedia Commons|image=Commons-logo.svg|compat=1}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}[[Thể loại:Bản mẫu liên kết liên wiki]]</noinclude> 4anahli0oxjqm8utrug1djkccikh75s Bản mẫu:comcatlite 10 284141 2573579 2106842 2026-10-26T06:35:09Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* */ 2573579 wikitext text/x-wiki #đổi [[Bản mẫu:commons inline]] e383kyi4z0v5ya5yf10c0fu7rol72h5 aalamaa 0 289852 2573572 2122615 2026-10-26T02:45:08Z Hiyuune 50834 2573572 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|gag}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|gag|trk-oat|tr=ığla-}}, {{m|trk-oat|tr=yığla-}}, từ {{inh|gag|trk-pro|*yï̄gla-}}. ==={{section|v}}=== {{head|gag|Động từ}} # [[khóc]]. hzl2ta3qanozuhtb81s3nn33n5h97r6 Bản mẫu:el-nF-α-ες-2a 10 292993 2573427 2569504 2026-10-25T14:51:43Z Hiyuune 50834 cập nhật 2573427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:checkparams|warn}}<!-- Validate template parameters --><includeonly>{{el-decl-noun |1={{{1}}}α |2={{{1}}}ες |3={{{1}}}ας |4={{{1}}}ων |5={{{1}}}α |6={{{1}}}ες |7={{{1}}}α |8={{{1}}}ες |note={{{note|}}} }}{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Thể loại:Danh từ có biến cách như 'ασπίδα' tiếng Hy Lạp]]}}</includeonly><noinclude> Bản mẫu bảng biến tố cho những danh từ tiếng Hy Lạp có biến cách như '''{{mention|el|ασπίδα}}'''. Các ví dụ khác có thể được tìm thấy trong [[:Thể loại:Danh từ có biến cách như 'ασπίδα' tiếng Hy Lạp]]. Cú pháp <code><nowiki>{{el-nF-α-ες-2a|ασπίδ}}</nowiki></code> xuất ra bảng: {{el-nF-α-ες-2a|ασπίδ}} Danh sách đầy đủ của bản mẫu bảng biến cách khác với một dấu hiệu ngắn gọn của việc sử dụng có thể tìm thấy tại '''[[Wiktionary:Bản mẫu bảng biến tố danh từ tiếng Hy Lạp]]'''. {{tcat|ndecl}} </noinclude> qn7vrv5f6fsmadhpv6k0oi90wzyya9y བ་ཧ་མཱ་སི 0 320210 2573457 2193371 2026-10-25T15:23:59Z Hiyuune 50834 2573457 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|bo}}== ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{head|bo|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|bo|Bahamas|id=Q778}} frk02njt0yb2bosojtlx123mju1iia7 ཀ་ན 0 320213 2573438 2193375 2026-10-25T15:06:07Z Hiyuune 50834 2573438 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|bo}}== ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{head|bo|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|bo|Ghana|id=Q117}} isv22wj5jjabk1w8i0vjkte5by0b6bw ཧྥི་ལི་པིན 0 320604 2573407 2193999 2026-10-25T14:14:07Z Hiyuune 50834 2573407 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|bo}}== ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|bo|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|bo|Philippines|id=Q928}} 5ae35sqsqn8m49kplh4d6kdf182gh96 པེ་ཅིང་གྲོང་ཁྱེར 0 320606 2573401 2194001 2026-10-25T13:59:19Z Hiyuune 50834 2573401 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|bo}}== ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|bo|Danh từ riêng}} # {{place|bo|thủ đô|c/Trung Quốc|t=Bắc Kinh}} 45wtuqhm0lgcym6eu2l8s49urjx2ts6 Mô đun:category tree/topic/Food and drink 828 324843 2573496 2560505 2026-10-25T15:52:32Z Hiyuune 50834 2573496 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} labels["ăn uống"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"Tất cả chủ đề"}, wpcat = true, commonscat = "Food and drink", } labels["alcohol production"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"thức uống có cồn"}, } labels["thức uống có cồn"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"đồ uống", "Chất hướng thần"}, } labels["thức ăn chăn nuôi"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"ăn uống","Chăn nuôi"}, } labels["Táo tây"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tên gọi", description = "default", parents = {"Trái cây", "Quả pome"}, } labels["baking"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"cooking"}, } labels["banana cultivars"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tên gọi", description = "default", parents = {"fruits", "Zingiberales order plants"}, } labels["Bia"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"thức uống có cồn"}, } labels["quả mọng"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Trái cây"}, } labels["đồ uống"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"ăn uống", "Uống", "Chất lỏng"}, } labels["bánh mì"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["ngũ cốc ăn sáng"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["brewing"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"alcohol production"}, } labels["cakes and pastries"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[cake]]s and [[pastry|pastries]]", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "desserts"}, } labels["Pho mát"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "Chế phẩm sữa","Thực phẩm lên men"}, } labels["Giống anh đào"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tên gọi", description = "default", parents = {"Chi Mận mơ", "Trái cây"}, } labels["Sô-cô-la"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"Kẹo"}, } labels["cocktails"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"alcoholic beverages"}, } labels["cà phê"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"đồ uống"}, wpcat = true, commonscat = "Coffee", } labels["cà phê chồn"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"cà phê"}, wpcat = true, commonscat = "Kopi Luwak", } labels["Phụ gia"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Nấu ăn"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"ăn uống"}, } labels["cuts of meat"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[cut]]s of [[meat]]", parents = {"meats"}, } labels["Chế phẩm sữa"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"ăn uống"}, } labels["date varieties"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tên gọi", description = "default", wp = {"List of date cultivars"}, parents = {"fruits", "palm trees"}, } labels["Món tráng miệng"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["dim sum"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"ăn uống", "Trung Quốc"}, } labels["Chế độ ăn"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=diets, including ones intended for weight loss and ones based on religious, cultural, or philosophical traditions and principles", parents = {"ăn uống"}, } labels["distilled beverages"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"alcoholic beverages"}, } labels["fats and oils"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[fat]]s and [[oil]]s", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Thực phẩm"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"ăn uống", "Ăn"}, } labels["Thực phẩm lên men"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Trái cây"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "Thực vật"}, } labels["hạt ngũ cốc"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[hạt]] [[ngũ cốc]]", parents = {"thực phẩm", "cỏ"}, } labels["grape cultivars"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tên gọi", description = "default", parents = {"grapevines", "wines"}, } labels["honey"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"beekeeping", "condiments"}, } labels["ice cream"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } -- FIXME, rename to 'types of kimchi' labels["kimchi"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "Korea"}, } labels["liqueurs"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"alcoholic beverages"}, } labels["maize (food)"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "=[[maize]] (called [[corn]] in North America) as a [[food]]", additional = "For terms related to maize as a crop, see [[:Category:Maize (crop)]] and for maize as a plant, see [[:Category:Maize (plant)]].", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "hạt ngũ cốc"}, } labels["mate"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"beverages"}, } labels["meals"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Thịt"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Sữa"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"đồ uống", "Chế phẩm sữa", "Dịch cơ thể"}, } labels["quả kiên"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "=các loại [[quả kiên]] sử dụng trong ẩm thực, bao gồm cả những loại không được coi là quả kiên theo nghĩa thực vật học", parents = {"thực phẩm", "thực vật"}, wpcat = "Hạt ăn được", commonscat = "Nuts", } labels["pasta"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["pear cultivars"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tên gọi", description = "default", parents = {"fruits", "Quả pome"}, } labels["pies"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[pie]]s", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "desserts"}, } labels["pizza"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Sữa thực vật"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Sữa", "Ăn chay"}, } labels["potatoes"] = { type = "type,chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "=[[potato]]es", parents = {"nightshades", "solanums", "rau ăn rễ"}, } labels["rau ăn rễ"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"rau"}, } labels["salads"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["salad dressings"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"sauces"}, } labels["salted and pickled Thực phẩm"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[salted]] or [[pickled]] Thực phẩm", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["sandwiches"] = { type = "type,name", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Nước xốt"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["sausages"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"meats"}, } labels["Hải sản"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["seasonings"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["seeds"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "plants", "agriculture"}, } labels["snacks"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Canh"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["spices"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Gia vị và thảo mộc"}, } labels["Gia vị và thảo mộc"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["Sushi"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "Nhật Bản"}, } labels["Kẹo"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"Thực phẩm"}, } labels["tableware"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "=any instruments used in the process of eating and drinking such as [[cutlery]] and [[container]]s (eg. plates, bowls or glasses)", parents = {"ăn uống"}, } labels["Trà"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"đồ uống"}, } labels["Rau"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "=[[vegetable]]s: the edible parts of plants that are not considered in a culinary sense to be [[fruit]]s, [[grain]]s, or [[spice]]s", parents = {"Thực phẩm", "Thực vật"}, } labels["wine"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm liên quan", description = "default", parents = {"alcoholic beverages"}, } labels["wines"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm tập hợp", description = "default", parents = {"wine"}, } labels["wine bottles"] = { type = "chủ đề thuộc nhóm loại hình", description = "default", parents = {"wine"}, } return labels 2ggfaxwf3svm9bk2d14731nk67c6fyc Bản mẫu:el-decl-noun-pl 10 329409 2573428 2275893 2026-10-25T14:53:55Z Hiyuune 50834 cập nhật 2573428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{inflection-table-top|title=Biến cách của {{m-self|el|{{{1}}}|tr=-}}|palette=blue}} ! class="outer" | ! class="outer" | số nhiều |- ! [[nominative|danh cách]] | data-accel-col=1 | {{#switch:{{{1|}}}|-|—=—|{{l-self|el|{{{1}}}}}{{#if:{{{np|}}}|<br>{{l-self|el|{{{np|}}}}}}}}} |- ! [[genitive|sinh cách]] | data-accel-col=1 | {{#switch:{{{2|}}}|-|—=—|{{l-self|el|{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{gp|}}}|<br>{{l-self|el|{{{gp|}}}}}}}}} |- ! [[accusative|đối cách]] | data-accel-col=1 | {{#switch:{{{3|}}}|-|—=—|{{l-self|el|{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{ap|}}}|<br>{{l-self|el|{{{ap|}}}}}}}}} |- ! [[vocative|hô cách]] | data-accel-col=1 | {{#switch:{{{4|}}}|-|—=—|{{l-self|el|{{{4}}}}}{{#if:{{{vp|}}}|<br>{{l-self|el|{{{vp|}}}}}}}}} {{inflection-table-bottom}} {{{note|}}}{{#if:{{{note|}}}|{{#if:{{{note0|}}}|<br>}}}}{{{note0|}}}<noinclude>{{tcat|ndecl:*}}</noinclude> cdyzhown63vkizfvmby5k1in77dgua4 Mô đun:nl-verbs 828 340273 2573574 2351313 2026-10-26T02:52:59Z Hiyuune 50834 2573574 Scribunto text/plain local m_utilities = require("Module:utilities") local m_links = require("Module:links") local m_table = require("Module:table") local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("nl") local export = {} -- Functions that do the actual inflecting by creating the forms of a basic term. local inflections = {} local irregular = {} -- The main entry point. -- This is the only function that can be invoked from a template. function export.show(frame) local infl_type = frame.args[1] or error("Loại biến tố không được chỉ rõ. Vui lòng thêm tham số đầu tiên để gọi mô đun.") if not inflections[infl_type] then error("Không rõ loại biến tố '" .. infl_type .. "'") end local params = { ["aux"] = {}, ["aux2"] = {}, ["bot"] = {type = "boolean"}, ["pref"] = {}, ["sep"] = {}, ["trans"] = {}, ["trans2"] = {}, ["vnoun"] = {}, ["vnoung"] = {}, ["vnoun2"] = {}, } for key, val in pairs(inflections[infl_type].params) do params[key] = val end local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params) local data = {forms = {}, title = nil, categories = {}} inflections[infl_type].func(args, data) postprocess(args, data) if (args["bot"] or "") ~= "" then return make_bot_list(data, args["sep"]) else return make_table(data, args["sep"]) .. m_utilities.format_categories(data.categories, lang) end end function postprocess(args, data) -- Verbal noun local vnoun = args["vnoun"] local vnoun2 = args["vnoun2"] if vnoun then data.forms["vnoun"] = {vnoun, vnoun2} end -- Prefixed and separable local pref = args["pref"] local sep = args["sep"] if pref then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có tiền tố tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có tiền tố " .. pref .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", tiền tố" end if sep then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có thể tách rời tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có thể tách rời " .. sep .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", có thể tách rời" end if not pref and not sep then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ cơ bản tiếng Hà Lan") end local abbr = args["abbr"] add_pref(data, pref, abbr) add_sep(data, sep, pref, abbr) data.aux = args["aux"] or "hebben" if args["aux"] then if args["aux"] == "zijn" then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/zijn") else require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/aux") end end if args["aux2"] then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/aux2") end data.trans = args["trans"] if data.trans then if data.trans == "acc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "erg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "unerg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "unacc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") else error("The \"trans=\" parameter has an invalid value. Valid are: acc, erg, unerg, unacc.") end end data.trans2 = args["trans2"] if data.trans2 then if data.trans2 == "acc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "erg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "unerg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "unacc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") else error("The \"trans2=\" parameter has an invalid value. Valid are: acc, erg, unerg, unacc.") end end if not args["trans"] then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/no trans") end end -- Add the unstressed prefix to all the verb forms, or -- if there is no prefix, add ge- to the past participle function add_pref(data, pref, abbr) if pref then -- Add prefix before every form for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do for i, subform in ipairs(form) do -- Add hyphen if abbr=1 data.forms[key][i] = not abbr and pref .. subform or pref .. "-" .. subform end end else -- Add ge- prefix before past participle if data.forms["past_ptc"] then for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms["past_ptc"]) do if not abbr then -- Place a diaeresis on the initial vowel of the stem if necessary if mw.ustring.find(subform, "^[eiu]") and not mw.ustring.find(subform, "^ij") then subform = subform:gsub("^e", "ë"):gsub("^i", "ï"):gsub("^u", "ü") end end -- Add hyphen if abbr=1 data.forms["past_ptc"][i] = not abbr and "ge" .. subform or "ge-" .. subform end end end end -- Add the separable part to all the verb forms function add_sep(data, sep, pref, abbr) if not sep then return end -- Add main clause forms local mainforms = {} for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if (key:find("^pres_") or key:find("^past_")) and not key:find("_ptc$") then mainforms[key .. "_main"] = mw.clone(form) end end for key, form in pairs(mainforms) do data.forms[key] = form end -- Add separable part to forms for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if key:find("_main$") or key:find("^impr_") then -- For main-clause finite forms, add the separable part after the form, separated by a space for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms[key]) do data.forms[key][i] = data.forms[key][i] .. " " .. sep end else -- For all other forms, add the separable part before the form, with no space for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms[key]) do -- Add a hyphen after the separable part if it ends with the same vowel -- that the main/prefixed verb begins with, for verbs like na-apen, -- also if abbr=1 but not for the past participle if (mw.ustring.find("aeiou", sep:sub(-1)) and sep:sub(-1) == subform:sub(1, 1)) or (abbr and key ~= "past_ptc" and not pref) then subform = sep .. "-" .. subform else subform = sep .. subform end data.forms[key][i] = subform end end end end --[=[ *** REGULAR VERBS (mostly) *** ]=]-- local function addform(data, key, form, index) if data.forms[key] then if index then table.insert(data.forms[key], index, form) else table.insert(data.forms[key], form) end else data.forms[key] = {form} end end -- Conjugate a weak verb inflections["weak"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {}, [3] = {}, ["dt"] = {}, ["abbr"] = {type = "boolean"}, }, func = function(args, data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu" local stems = {} local abbr = args["abbr"] stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" if not abbr then stems["pres_e"] = args[2] present(data, stems) local dt = args["dt"] or (stems["pres_e"]:find("[cfhkpqstx]e$") and "t" or "d") stems["past"] = stems["pres"]:gsub("([^aeiou])i$", "%1ie") .. dt .. "e" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = args[3] or make_long(stems["pres"]) .. (stems["pres"]:find("[dt]$") and "" or dt) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} if stems["past_ptc"]:find("n$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu với phân từ quá khứ mạnh tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. " với phân từ quá khứ mạnh" end -- "zeggen" has an irregular past tense alongside the regular one if stems["pres"] == "zeg" then past(data, {["past"] = "zei", ["past_e"] = "zeide", ["past_t"] = "zeidt"}, 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc" end else stems["pres_e"] = stems["pres"] .. "'e" stems["pres_t"] = stems["pres"] .. "'t" present(data, stems) local dt = args["dt"] or (stems["pres"]:find("[fpsxFPSX]$") and "t" or "d") stems["past"] = stems["pres"] .. "'" .. dt .. "e" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = stems["pres"] .. "'" .. dt data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} end end } -- Conjugate a weak verb with a past tense in -cht inflections["weak-cht"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {}, [3] = {required = true}, }, func = function(args, data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu (-cht) tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu với quá khứ kết thúc bằng ''-cht''" local stems = {} stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" stems["pres_e"] = args[2] present(data, stems) stems["past"] = (args[3] or "{{{3}}}") .. "cht" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = stems["past"] data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} end } local syncopic_verbs = m_table.listToSet { "houd", "glijd", "rijd", "snijd" } -- Conjugate a strong verb inflections["strong"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {required = true}, [3] = {required = true}, [4] = {}, [5] = {}, [6] = {}, ["class"] = {}, }, func = function(args, data) local class = args["class"] table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh" .. (class and " lớp " .. class or "") .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "mạnh" .. (class and " lớp " .. class or "") local stems = {} stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" stems["pres_e"] = args[4] present(data, stems) stems["past"] = args[2] or "{{{2}}}" stems["past_e"] = args[5] stems["past_t"] = args[6] past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = args[3] or "{{{3}}}" data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} -- If the final consonant of the past participle is not n, then it is a weak past participle. if not stems["past_ptc"]:find("n$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch strong verbs with weak past participles") data.title = data.title .. " with weak past participle" end -- some verbs have alternative forms without the final -d if syncopic_verbs[stems["pres"]] then local syncopic_form = stems["pres"]:sub(1,-2) addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", syncopic_form, 1) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", syncopic_form, 1) addform(data, "impr_sg", syncopic_form, 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch irregular strong verbs") data.title = data.title .. ", slightly irregular" elseif stems["pres"] == "scheid" and args["sep"] == "uit" then addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", "schei", 1) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", "schei", 1) addform(data, "impr_sg", "schei", 1) addform(data, "past_indc_sg", "schee", 1) addform(data, "past_indc_pl", "scheeën", 1) addform(data, "past_ptc", "scheeën", 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch irregular strong verbs") data.title = data.title .. ", slightly irregular" -- If the initial or final consonants of the present stem don't match, then this verb is irregular. elseif stems["pres"]:match("^([^aeiouyj]*)") ~= stems["past"]:match("^([^aeiouyj]*)") or stems["pres"]:match("([^aeiouyj]*)$") ~= stems["past"]:match("([^aeiouyj]*)$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch irregular strong verbs") data.title = data.title .. ", irregular" end end } -- Conjugate an irregular verb inflections["irregular"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, }, func = function(args, data) local base = args[1] or "zijn" if irregular[base] then irregular[base](data) else error("Unknown irregular verb '" .. base .. "'.") end end } --[=[ *** IRREGULAR VERB TYPES *** ]=]-- irregular["doen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "doe", ["pres_e"] = "doe"}) past(data, {["past"] = "deed", ["past_e"] = "dede"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"daan"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"doet"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"doet"} end irregular["hebben"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu, bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "heb", ["pres_e"] = "hebbe"}) past(data, {["past"] = "had", ["past_e"] = "hadde"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"had"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"hebt", "heeft"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"heeft"} end irregular["durven"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "durf", ["pres_e"] = "durve", ["pres_t"] = "durft"}) past(data, {["past"] = "dorst"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"durfd"} end irregular["kunnen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "kan", ["pres_e"] = "kunne", ["pres_t"] = "kunt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "kon", ["past_e"] = "konde", ["past_t"] = "kondt"}) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", "kan") addform(data, "pres_indc_u", "kan") data.forms["pres_indc_jij_inversion"] = {"kun"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"kan"} data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"kund"} end irregular["moeten"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "moet"}) past(data, {["past"] = "moest"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"moeten"} end irregular["mogen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "mag", ["pres_e"] = "moge", ["pres_t"] = "moogt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "mocht"}) data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"mag"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"mag"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"mag"} data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"mogen"} end irregular["weten"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "weet", ["pres_e"] = "wete"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wist"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weten"} end irregular["willen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "wil", ["pres_e"] = "wille"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wilde"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wou", ["past_e"] = "woude", ["past_t"] = "woudt"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"wild"} addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", "wil") addform(data, "pres_indc_u", "wil") data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"wil"} end irregular["zijn"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch suppletive verbs") data.title = "bất quy tắc, suppletive" present(data, {["pres"] = "ben", ["pres_e"] = "zij", ["pres_t"] = "zijt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "was", ["past_e"] = "ware", ["past_t"] = "waart"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"bent"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"bent", "is"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"is"} addform(data, "impr_sg", "wees", 1) addform(data, "impr_pl", "weest", 1) end irregular["zullen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "zal", ["pres_e"] = "zulle", ["pres_t"] = "zult"}) past(data, {["past"] = "zou", ["past_e"] = "zoude", ["past_t"] = "zoudt"}) data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"zult", "zal"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij_inversion"] = {"zul"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"zult", "zal"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"zal"} end irregular["wezen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "wees", ["pres_e"] = "weze", ["pres_t"] = "weest"}) past(data, {["past"] = "was", ["past_e"] = "ware", ["past_t"] = "waart"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"weest"} end --[=[ *** HELPER FUNCTIONS *** ]=]-- -- Create regular present-tense forms function present(data, stems, index) if not stems["pres_e"] then stems["pres_e"] = stems["pres"] .. "e" end if not stems["pres_t"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "t$") then stems["pres_t"] = make_long(stems["pres"]) else stems["pres_t"] = make_long(stems["pres"]) .. "t" end end addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", stems["pres"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", stems["pres_t"], index) if mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "t$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "mag$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "wil$") then -- do nothing else addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", stems["pres"], index) end addform(data, "pres_indc_gij", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_u" , stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_3sg", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_pl" , make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "n", index) addform(data, "pres_subj_sg" , stems["pres_e"], index) addform(data, "impr_sg", stems["pres"], index) addform(data, "impr_pl", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "infinitive", make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "n", index) addform(data, "pres_ptc", make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "nd", index) end -- Create regular past-tense forms function past(data, stems, index) if not stems["past_e"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "e$") then stems["past_e"] = stems["past"] else stems["past_e"] = stems["past"] .. "e" end end if not stems["past_t"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "[^eio]e$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "[të]$") then stems["past_t"] = stems["past"] else stems["past_t"] = stems["past"] .. "t" end end addform(data, "past_indc_sg" , stems["past"], index) addform(data, "past_indc_gij" , stems["past_t"], index) addform(data, "past_indc_pl" , stems["past_e"] .. "n", index) addform(data, "past_subj_sg" , stems["past_e"], index) end -- A small helper function for those few verbs that have a stem ending in a -- vowel (like gaan, staan, skiën, echoën). This lengthens the stem-final vowel. function make_long(form) return (form:gsub("([^aeou])([aou])$", "%1%2%2"):gsub("([^aeiou])i$", "%1ie")) end -- Make the table function make_table(data, hasSep) local function show_form(form, inversion) if not form then return "&mdash;" elseif type(form) ~= "table" then error("a non-table value was given in the list of inflected forms.") end local ret = {} for key, subform in ipairs(form) do table.insert(ret, m_links.full_link({lang = lang, term = subform})) end if inversion then return table.concat(ret, "<sup>2</sup>, ") else return table.concat(ret, ", ") end end local function repl(param) if param == "lemma" then return m_links.full_link({lang = lang, alt = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text}, "term") elseif param == "info" then return data.title and " (" .. data.title .. ")" or "" elseif param:find("inversion") then return show_form(data.forms[param], true) else return show_form(data.forms[param], false) end end local wikicode = [=[ {| style="border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-indigo-3,#CCCCFF); text-align:center; line-height:125%" class="inflection-table vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="inflection" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" |- style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-3,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" ! colspan="5" class="vsToggleElement" style="text-align: left" | Bảng chia động từ của {{{lemma}}}{{{info}}} |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#dạng nguyên mẫu|nguyên mẫu]] | style="min-width: 12em;" | {{{infinitive}}} |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{past_indc_sg_main}}}" or "{{{past_indc_sg}}}") .. [=[ |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#phân từ|phân từ]] | {{{past_ptc}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#dạng nguyên mẫu|nguyên mẫu]] | colspan="4" | {{{infinitive}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#danh động từ|danh động từ]] | colspan="4" | {{{infinitive}}} ]=] .. require("Module:gender and number").format_list({"n"}) .. (hasSep and [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#mệnh đề chính|mệnh đề chính]] ! colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#mệnh đề phụ|mệnh đề phụ]] |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]]=] or [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]] |-]=]) .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ nhất|ngôi thứ nhất]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_1sg_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_1sg}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[jij#Dutch|jij]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_jij_main}}}, {{{pres_indc_jij_inversion_main}}}<sup>2</sup> || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_jij}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} " or "{{{pres_indc_jij}}}, {{{pres_indc_jij_inversion}}}<sup>2</sup> || {{{past_indc_sg}}}") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[u#Dutch|u]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_u_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_u}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[gij#Dutch|gij]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_gij_main}}} || {{{past_indc_gij_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_gij}}} || {{{past_indc_gij}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ ba|ngôi thứ ba]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_3sg_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_3sg}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_pl_main}}} || {{{past_indc_pl_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_pl}}} || {{{past_indc_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" |]=] .. (hasSep and [=[ || colspan="2" |]=] or "") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức giả định|giả định]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]<sup>1</sup> | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_subj_sg_main}}} || {{{past_subj_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_subj_sg}}} || {{{past_subj_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức giả định|giả định]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]]<sup>1</sup> | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_pl_main}}} || {{{past_indc_pl_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_pl}}} || {{{past_indc_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" |]=] .. (hasSep and [=[ || rowspan="5" colspan="2" |]=] or "") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức mệnh lệnh|mệnh lệnh]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | {{{impr_sg}}} | rowspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức mệnh lệnh|mệnh lệnh]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]]<sup>1</sup> | {{{impr_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" | |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#phân từ|phân từ]] | {{{pres_ptc}}} || {{{past_ptc}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | colspan="5" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; font-size: smaller; line-height: 1em"| <sup>1)</sup> [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#cổ|Dạng cổ]]. <sup>2)</sup> Trong trường hợp [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#đảo ngữ|đảo ngữ]]. |}]=] wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, "{{{([a-z0-9_]+)}}}", repl) -- remove 'empty' 2sg forms (duplicates in case of inversion) + note if mw.ustring.find(wikicode, ", &mdash;<sup>2</sup>") then wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, ', &mdash;<sup>2</sup>', '') wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, ' <sup>2%)</sup> Trong trường hợp %[%[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#đảo ngữ|đảo ngữ%]%]%.', '') end return wikicode end function make_bot_list(data, hasSep) local ret = "" if hasSep then ret = ret .. "* sep=1\n" end for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if type(form) == "table" then for key2, subform in ipairs(form) do ret = ret .. "* " .. key .. "_" .. key2 .. "=" .. subform .. "\n" end else ret = ret .. "* " .. key .. "=" .. form .. "\n" end end return ret end return export bvtwfqvz6yjvtqe67snxxf62eyw4aga 2573575 2573574 2026-10-26T02:55:21Z Hiyuune 50834 2573575 Scribunto text/plain local m_utilities = require("Module:utilities") local m_links = require("Module:links") local m_table = require("Module:table") local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("nl") local export = {} -- Functions that do the actual inflecting by creating the forms of a basic term. local inflections = {} local irregular = {} -- The main entry point. -- This is the only function that can be invoked from a template. function export.show(frame) local infl_type = frame.args[1] or error("Loại biến tố không được chỉ rõ. Vui lòng thêm tham số đầu tiên để gọi mô đun.") if not inflections[infl_type] then error("Không rõ loại biến tố '" .. infl_type .. "'") end local params = { ["aux"] = {}, ["aux2"] = {}, ["bot"] = {type = "boolean"}, ["pref"] = {}, ["sep"] = {}, ["trans"] = {}, ["trans2"] = {}, ["vnoun"] = {}, ["vnoung"] = {}, ["vnoun2"] = {}, } for key, val in pairs(inflections[infl_type].params) do params[key] = val end local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params) local data = {forms = {}, title = nil, categories = {}} inflections[infl_type].func(args, data) postprocess(args, data) if (args["bot"] or "") ~= "" then return make_bot_list(data, args["sep"]) else return make_table(data, args["sep"]) .. m_utilities.format_categories(data.categories, lang) end end function postprocess(args, data) -- Verbal noun local vnoun = args["vnoun"] local vnoun2 = args["vnoun2"] if vnoun then data.forms["vnoun"] = {vnoun, vnoun2} end -- Prefixed and separable local pref = args["pref"] local sep = args["sep"] if pref then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có tiền tố tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có tiền tố " .. pref .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", tiền tố" end if sep then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có thể tách rời tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có thể tách rời " .. sep .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", có thể tách rời" end if not pref and not sep then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ cơ bản tiếng Hà Lan") end local abbr = args["abbr"] add_pref(data, pref, abbr) add_sep(data, sep, pref, abbr) data.aux = args["aux"] or "hebben" if args["aux"] then if args["aux"] == "zijn" then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/zijn") else require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/aux") end end if args["aux2"] then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/aux2") end data.trans = args["trans"] if data.trans then if data.trans == "acc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "erg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "unerg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "unacc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") else error("The \"trans=\" parameter has an invalid value. Valid are: acc, erg, unerg, unacc.") end end data.trans2 = args["trans2"] if data.trans2 then if data.trans2 == "acc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "erg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "unerg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "unacc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") else error("The \"trans2=\" parameter has an invalid value. Valid are: acc, erg, unerg, unacc.") end end if not args["trans"] then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/no trans") end end -- Add the unstressed prefix to all the verb forms, or -- if there is no prefix, add ge- to the past participle function add_pref(data, pref, abbr) if pref then -- Add prefix before every form for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do for i, subform in ipairs(form) do -- Add hyphen if abbr=1 data.forms[key][i] = not abbr and pref .. subform or pref .. "-" .. subform end end else -- Add ge- prefix before past participle if data.forms["past_ptc"] then for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms["past_ptc"]) do if not abbr then -- Place a diaeresis on the initial vowel of the stem if necessary if mw.ustring.find(subform, "^[eiu]") and not mw.ustring.find(subform, "^ij") then subform = subform:gsub("^e", "ë"):gsub("^i", "ï"):gsub("^u", "ü") end end -- Add hyphen if abbr=1 data.forms["past_ptc"][i] = not abbr and "ge" .. subform or "ge-" .. subform end end end end -- Add the separable part to all the verb forms function add_sep(data, sep, pref, abbr) if not sep then return end -- Add main clause forms local mainforms = {} for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if (key:find("^pres_") or key:find("^past_")) and not key:find("_ptc$") then mainforms[key .. "_main"] = mw.clone(form) end end for key, form in pairs(mainforms) do data.forms[key] = form end -- Add separable part to forms for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if key:find("_main$") or key:find("^impr_") then -- For main-clause finite forms, add the separable part after the form, separated by a space for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms[key]) do data.forms[key][i] = data.forms[key][i] .. " " .. sep end else -- For all other forms, add the separable part before the form, with no space for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms[key]) do -- Add a hyphen after the separable part if it ends with the same vowel -- that the main/prefixed verb begins with, for verbs like na-apen, -- also if abbr=1 but not for the past participle if (mw.ustring.find("aeiou", sep:sub(-1)) and sep:sub(-1) == subform:sub(1, 1)) or (abbr and key ~= "past_ptc" and not pref) then subform = sep .. "-" .. subform else subform = sep .. subform end data.forms[key][i] = subform end end end end --[=[ *** REGULAR VERBS (mostly) *** ]=]-- local function addform(data, key, form, index) if data.forms[key] then if index then table.insert(data.forms[key], index, form) else table.insert(data.forms[key], form) end else data.forms[key] = {form} end end -- Conjugate a weak verb inflections["weak"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {}, [3] = {}, ["dt"] = {}, ["abbr"] = {type = "boolean"}, }, func = function(args, data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu" local stems = {} local abbr = args["abbr"] stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" if not abbr then stems["pres_e"] = args[2] present(data, stems) local dt = args["dt"] or (stems["pres_e"]:find("[cfhkpqstx]e$") and "t" or "d") stems["past"] = stems["pres"]:gsub("([^aeiou])i$", "%1ie") .. dt .. "e" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = args[3] or make_long(stems["pres"]) .. (stems["pres"]:find("[dt]$") and "" or dt) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} if stems["past_ptc"]:find("n$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu với phân từ quá khứ mạnh tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. " với phân từ quá khứ mạnh" end -- "zeggen" has an irregular past tense alongside the regular one if stems["pres"] == "zeg" then past(data, {["past"] = "zei", ["past_e"] = "zeide", ["past_t"] = "zeidt"}, 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc" end else stems["pres_e"] = stems["pres"] .. "'e" stems["pres_t"] = stems["pres"] .. "'t" present(data, stems) local dt = args["dt"] or (stems["pres"]:find("[fpsxFPSX]$") and "t" or "d") stems["past"] = stems["pres"] .. "'" .. dt .. "e" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = stems["pres"] .. "'" .. dt data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} end end } -- Conjugate a weak verb with a past tense in -cht inflections["weak-cht"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {}, [3] = {required = true}, }, func = function(args, data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu (-cht) tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu với quá khứ kết thúc bằng ''-cht''" local stems = {} stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" stems["pres_e"] = args[2] present(data, stems) stems["past"] = (args[3] or "{{{3}}}") .. "cht" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = stems["past"] data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} end } local syncopic_verbs = m_table.listToSet { "houd", "glijd", "rijd", "snijd" } -- Conjugate a strong verb inflections["strong"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {required = true}, [3] = {required = true}, [4] = {}, [5] = {}, [6] = {}, ["class"] = {}, }, func = function(args, data) local class = args["class"] table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh" .. (class and " lớp " .. class or "") .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "mạnh" .. (class and " lớp " .. class or "") local stems = {} stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" stems["pres_e"] = args[4] present(data, stems) stems["past"] = args[2] or "{{{2}}}" stems["past_e"] = args[5] stems["past_t"] = args[6] past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = args[3] or "{{{3}}}" data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} -- If the final consonant of the past participle is not n, then it is a weak past participle. if not stems["past_ptc"]:find("n$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc với phân từ quá khứ yếu tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. " với phân từ quá khứ yếu" end -- some verbs have alternative forms without the final -d if syncopic_verbs[stems["pres"]] then local syncopic_form = stems["pres"]:sub(1,-2) addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", syncopic_form, 1) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", syncopic_form, 1) addform(data, "impr_sg", syncopic_form, 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", slightly irregular" elseif stems["pres"] == "scheid" and args["sep"] == "uit" then addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", "schei", 1) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", "schei", 1) addform(data, "impr_sg", "schei", 1) addform(data, "past_indc_sg", "schee", 1) addform(data, "past_indc_pl", "scheeën", 1) addform(data, "past_ptc", "scheeën", 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc (nhẹ)" -- If the initial or final consonants of the present stem don't match, then this verb is irregular. elseif stems["pres"]:match("^([^aeiouyj]*)") ~= stems["past"]:match("^([^aeiouyj]*)") or stems["pres"]:match("([^aeiouyj]*)$") ~= stems["past"]:match("([^aeiouyj]*)$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc" end end } -- Conjugate an irregular verb inflections["irregular"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, }, func = function(args, data) local base = args[1] or "zijn" if irregular[base] then irregular[base](data) else error("Unknown irregular verb '" .. base .. "'.") end end } --[=[ *** IRREGULAR VERB TYPES *** ]=]-- irregular["doen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "doe", ["pres_e"] = "doe"}) past(data, {["past"] = "deed", ["past_e"] = "dede"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"daan"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"doet"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"doet"} end irregular["hebben"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu, bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "heb", ["pres_e"] = "hebbe"}) past(data, {["past"] = "had", ["past_e"] = "hadde"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"had"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"hebt", "heeft"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"heeft"} end irregular["durven"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "durf", ["pres_e"] = "durve", ["pres_t"] = "durft"}) past(data, {["past"] = "dorst"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"durfd"} end irregular["kunnen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "kan", ["pres_e"] = "kunne", ["pres_t"] = "kunt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "kon", ["past_e"] = "konde", ["past_t"] = "kondt"}) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", "kan") addform(data, "pres_indc_u", "kan") data.forms["pres_indc_jij_inversion"] = {"kun"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"kan"} data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"kund"} end irregular["moeten"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "moet"}) past(data, {["past"] = "moest"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"moeten"} end irregular["mogen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "mag", ["pres_e"] = "moge", ["pres_t"] = "moogt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "mocht"}) data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"mag"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"mag"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"mag"} data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"mogen"} end irregular["weten"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "weet", ["pres_e"] = "wete"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wist"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weten"} end irregular["willen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "wil", ["pres_e"] = "wille"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wilde"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wou", ["past_e"] = "woude", ["past_t"] = "woudt"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"wild"} addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", "wil") addform(data, "pres_indc_u", "wil") data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"wil"} end irregular["zijn"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch suppletive verbs") data.title = "bất quy tắc, suppletive" present(data, {["pres"] = "ben", ["pres_e"] = "zij", ["pres_t"] = "zijt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "was", ["past_e"] = "ware", ["past_t"] = "waart"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"bent"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"bent", "is"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"is"} addform(data, "impr_sg", "wees", 1) addform(data, "impr_pl", "weest", 1) end irregular["zullen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "zal", ["pres_e"] = "zulle", ["pres_t"] = "zult"}) past(data, {["past"] = "zou", ["past_e"] = "zoude", ["past_t"] = "zoudt"}) data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"zult", "zal"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij_inversion"] = {"zul"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"zult", "zal"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"zal"} end irregular["wezen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "wees", ["pres_e"] = "weze", ["pres_t"] = "weest"}) past(data, {["past"] = "was", ["past_e"] = "ware", ["past_t"] = "waart"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"weest"} end --[=[ *** HELPER FUNCTIONS *** ]=]-- -- Create regular present-tense forms function present(data, stems, index) if not stems["pres_e"] then stems["pres_e"] = stems["pres"] .. "e" end if not stems["pres_t"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "t$") then stems["pres_t"] = make_long(stems["pres"]) else stems["pres_t"] = make_long(stems["pres"]) .. "t" end end addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", stems["pres"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", stems["pres_t"], index) if mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "t$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "mag$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "wil$") then -- do nothing else addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", stems["pres"], index) end addform(data, "pres_indc_gij", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_u" , stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_3sg", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_pl" , make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "n", index) addform(data, "pres_subj_sg" , stems["pres_e"], index) addform(data, "impr_sg", stems["pres"], index) addform(data, "impr_pl", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "infinitive", make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "n", index) addform(data, "pres_ptc", make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "nd", index) end -- Create regular past-tense forms function past(data, stems, index) if not stems["past_e"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "e$") then stems["past_e"] = stems["past"] else stems["past_e"] = stems["past"] .. "e" end end if not stems["past_t"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "[^eio]e$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "[të]$") then stems["past_t"] = stems["past"] else stems["past_t"] = stems["past"] .. "t" end end addform(data, "past_indc_sg" , stems["past"], index) addform(data, "past_indc_gij" , stems["past_t"], index) addform(data, "past_indc_pl" , stems["past_e"] .. "n", index) addform(data, "past_subj_sg" , stems["past_e"], index) end -- A small helper function for those few verbs that have a stem ending in a -- vowel (like gaan, staan, skiën, echoën). This lengthens the stem-final vowel. function make_long(form) return (form:gsub("([^aeou])([aou])$", "%1%2%2"):gsub("([^aeiou])i$", "%1ie")) end -- Make the table function make_table(data, hasSep) local function show_form(form, inversion) if not form then return "&mdash;" elseif type(form) ~= "table" then error("a non-table value was given in the list of inflected forms.") end local ret = {} for key, subform in ipairs(form) do table.insert(ret, m_links.full_link({lang = lang, term = subform})) end if inversion then return table.concat(ret, "<sup>2</sup>, ") else return table.concat(ret, ", ") end end local function repl(param) if param == "lemma" then return m_links.full_link({lang = lang, alt = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text}, "term") elseif param == "info" then return data.title and " (" .. data.title .. ")" or "" elseif param:find("inversion") then return show_form(data.forms[param], true) else return show_form(data.forms[param], false) end end local wikicode = [=[ {| style="border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-indigo-3,#CCCCFF); text-align:center; line-height:125%" class="inflection-table vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="inflection" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" |- style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-3,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" ! colspan="5" class="vsToggleElement" style="text-align: left" | Bảng chia động từ của {{{lemma}}}{{{info}}} |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#dạng nguyên mẫu|nguyên mẫu]] | style="min-width: 12em;" | {{{infinitive}}} |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{past_indc_sg_main}}}" or "{{{past_indc_sg}}}") .. [=[ |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#phân từ|phân từ]] | {{{past_ptc}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#dạng nguyên mẫu|nguyên mẫu]] | colspan="4" | {{{infinitive}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#danh động từ|danh động từ]] | colspan="4" | {{{infinitive}}} ]=] .. require("Module:gender and number").format_list({"n"}) .. (hasSep and [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#mệnh đề chính|mệnh đề chính]] ! colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#mệnh đề phụ|mệnh đề phụ]] |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]]=] or [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]] |-]=]) .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ nhất|ngôi thứ nhất]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_1sg_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_1sg}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[jij#Dutch|jij]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_jij_main}}}, {{{pres_indc_jij_inversion_main}}}<sup>2</sup> || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_jij}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} " or "{{{pres_indc_jij}}}, {{{pres_indc_jij_inversion}}}<sup>2</sup> || {{{past_indc_sg}}}") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[u#Dutch|u]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_u_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_u}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[gij#Dutch|gij]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_gij_main}}} || {{{past_indc_gij_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_gij}}} || {{{past_indc_gij}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ ba|ngôi thứ ba]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_3sg_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_3sg}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_pl_main}}} || {{{past_indc_pl_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_pl}}} || {{{past_indc_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" |]=] .. (hasSep and [=[ || colspan="2" |]=] or "") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức giả định|giả định]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]<sup>1</sup> | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_subj_sg_main}}} || {{{past_subj_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_subj_sg}}} || {{{past_subj_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức giả định|giả định]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]]<sup>1</sup> | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_pl_main}}} || {{{past_indc_pl_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_pl}}} || {{{past_indc_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" |]=] .. (hasSep and [=[ || rowspan="5" colspan="2" |]=] or "") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức mệnh lệnh|mệnh lệnh]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | {{{impr_sg}}} | rowspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức mệnh lệnh|mệnh lệnh]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]]<sup>1</sup> | {{{impr_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" | |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#phân từ|phân từ]] | {{{pres_ptc}}} || {{{past_ptc}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | colspan="5" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; font-size: smaller; line-height: 1em"| <sup>1)</sup> [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#cổ|Dạng cổ]]. <sup>2)</sup> Trong trường hợp [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#đảo ngữ|đảo ngữ]]. |}]=] wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, "{{{([a-z0-9_]+)}}}", repl) -- remove 'empty' 2sg forms (duplicates in case of inversion) + note if mw.ustring.find(wikicode, ", &mdash;<sup>2</sup>") then wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, ', &mdash;<sup>2</sup>', '') wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, ' <sup>2%)</sup> Trong trường hợp %[%[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#đảo ngữ|đảo ngữ%]%]%.', '') end return wikicode end function make_bot_list(data, hasSep) local ret = "" if hasSep then ret = ret .. "* sep=1\n" end for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if type(form) == "table" then for key2, subform in ipairs(form) do ret = ret .. "* " .. key .. "_" .. key2 .. "=" .. subform .. "\n" end else ret = ret .. "* " .. key .. "=" .. form .. "\n" end end return ret end return export gke36nwj6704t6rhwtfpx0360ll2m8b 2573576 2573575 2026-10-26T02:55:56Z Hiyuune 50834 2573576 Scribunto text/plain local m_utilities = require("Module:utilities") local m_links = require("Module:links") local m_table = require("Module:table") local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("nl") local export = {} -- Functions that do the actual inflecting by creating the forms of a basic term. local inflections = {} local irregular = {} -- The main entry point. -- This is the only function that can be invoked from a template. function export.show(frame) local infl_type = frame.args[1] or error("Loại biến tố không được chỉ rõ. Vui lòng thêm tham số đầu tiên để gọi mô đun.") if not inflections[infl_type] then error("Không rõ loại biến tố '" .. infl_type .. "'") end local params = { ["aux"] = {}, ["aux2"] = {}, ["bot"] = {type = "boolean"}, ["pref"] = {}, ["sep"] = {}, ["trans"] = {}, ["trans2"] = {}, ["vnoun"] = {}, ["vnoung"] = {}, ["vnoun2"] = {}, } for key, val in pairs(inflections[infl_type].params) do params[key] = val end local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params) local data = {forms = {}, title = nil, categories = {}} inflections[infl_type].func(args, data) postprocess(args, data) if (args["bot"] or "") ~= "" then return make_bot_list(data, args["sep"]) else return make_table(data, args["sep"]) .. m_utilities.format_categories(data.categories, lang) end end function postprocess(args, data) -- Verbal noun local vnoun = args["vnoun"] local vnoun2 = args["vnoun2"] if vnoun then data.forms["vnoun"] = {vnoun, vnoun2} end -- Prefixed and separable local pref = args["pref"] local sep = args["sep"] if pref then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có tiền tố tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có tiền tố " .. pref .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", tiền tố" end if sep then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có thể tách rời tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ có thể tách rời " .. sep .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", có thể tách rời" end if not pref and not sep then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ cơ bản tiếng Hà Lan") end local abbr = args["abbr"] add_pref(data, pref, abbr) add_sep(data, sep, pref, abbr) data.aux = args["aux"] or "hebben" if args["aux"] then if args["aux"] == "zijn" then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/zijn") else require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/aux") end end if args["aux2"] then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/aux2") end data.trans = args["trans"] if data.trans then if data.trans == "acc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "erg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "unerg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans == "unacc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") else error("The \"trans=\" parameter has an invalid value. Valid are: acc, erg, unerg, unacc.") end end data.trans2 = args["trans2"] if data.trans2 then if data.trans2 == "acc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "erg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "unerg" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất khiển cách tiếng Hà Lan") elseif data.trans2 == "unacc" then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất đối cách tiếng Hà Lan") else error("The \"trans2=\" parameter has an invalid value. Valid are: acc, erg, unerg, unacc.") end end if not args["trans"] then require("Module:debug").track("nl-verb/no trans") end end -- Add the unstressed prefix to all the verb forms, or -- if there is no prefix, add ge- to the past participle function add_pref(data, pref, abbr) if pref then -- Add prefix before every form for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do for i, subform in ipairs(form) do -- Add hyphen if abbr=1 data.forms[key][i] = not abbr and pref .. subform or pref .. "-" .. subform end end else -- Add ge- prefix before past participle if data.forms["past_ptc"] then for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms["past_ptc"]) do if not abbr then -- Place a diaeresis on the initial vowel of the stem if necessary if mw.ustring.find(subform, "^[eiu]") and not mw.ustring.find(subform, "^ij") then subform = subform:gsub("^e", "ë"):gsub("^i", "ï"):gsub("^u", "ü") end end -- Add hyphen if abbr=1 data.forms["past_ptc"][i] = not abbr and "ge" .. subform or "ge-" .. subform end end end end -- Add the separable part to all the verb forms function add_sep(data, sep, pref, abbr) if not sep then return end -- Add main clause forms local mainforms = {} for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if (key:find("^pres_") or key:find("^past_")) and not key:find("_ptc$") then mainforms[key .. "_main"] = mw.clone(form) end end for key, form in pairs(mainforms) do data.forms[key] = form end -- Add separable part to forms for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if key:find("_main$") or key:find("^impr_") then -- For main-clause finite forms, add the separable part after the form, separated by a space for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms[key]) do data.forms[key][i] = data.forms[key][i] .. " " .. sep end else -- For all other forms, add the separable part before the form, with no space for i, subform in ipairs(data.forms[key]) do -- Add a hyphen after the separable part if it ends with the same vowel -- that the main/prefixed verb begins with, for verbs like na-apen, -- also if abbr=1 but not for the past participle if (mw.ustring.find("aeiou", sep:sub(-1)) and sep:sub(-1) == subform:sub(1, 1)) or (abbr and key ~= "past_ptc" and not pref) then subform = sep .. "-" .. subform else subform = sep .. subform end data.forms[key][i] = subform end end end end --[=[ *** REGULAR VERBS (mostly) *** ]=]-- local function addform(data, key, form, index) if data.forms[key] then if index then table.insert(data.forms[key], index, form) else table.insert(data.forms[key], form) end else data.forms[key] = {form} end end -- Conjugate a weak verb inflections["weak"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {}, [3] = {}, ["dt"] = {}, ["abbr"] = {type = "boolean"}, }, func = function(args, data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu" local stems = {} local abbr = args["abbr"] stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" if not abbr then stems["pres_e"] = args[2] present(data, stems) local dt = args["dt"] or (stems["pres_e"]:find("[cfhkpqstx]e$") and "t" or "d") stems["past"] = stems["pres"]:gsub("([^aeiou])i$", "%1ie") .. dt .. "e" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = args[3] or make_long(stems["pres"]) .. (stems["pres"]:find("[dt]$") and "" or dt) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} if stems["past_ptc"]:find("n$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu với phân từ quá khứ mạnh tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. " với phân từ quá khứ mạnh" end -- "zeggen" has an irregular past tense alongside the regular one if stems["pres"] == "zeg" then past(data, {["past"] = "zei", ["past_e"] = "zeide", ["past_t"] = "zeidt"}, 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc" end else stems["pres_e"] = stems["pres"] .. "'e" stems["pres_t"] = stems["pres"] .. "'t" present(data, stems) local dt = args["dt"] or (stems["pres"]:find("[fpsxFPSX]$") and "t" or "d") stems["past"] = stems["pres"] .. "'" .. dt .. "e" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = stems["pres"] .. "'" .. dt data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} end end } -- Conjugate a weak verb with a past tense in -cht inflections["weak-cht"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {}, [3] = {required = true}, }, func = function(args, data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu (-cht) tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu với quá khứ kết thúc bằng ''-cht''" local stems = {} stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" stems["pres_e"] = args[2] present(data, stems) stems["past"] = (args[3] or "{{{3}}}") .. "cht" past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = stems["past"] data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} end } local syncopic_verbs = m_table.listToSet { "houd", "glijd", "rijd", "snijd" } -- Conjugate a strong verb inflections["strong"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, [2] = {required = true}, [3] = {required = true}, [4] = {}, [5] = {}, [6] = {}, ["class"] = {}, }, func = function(args, data) local class = args["class"] table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh" .. (class and " lớp " .. class or "") .. " tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "mạnh" .. (class and " lớp " .. class or "") local stems = {} stems["pres"] = args[1] or "{{{1}}}" stems["pres_e"] = args[4] present(data, stems) stems["past"] = args[2] or "{{{2}}}" stems["past_e"] = args[5] stems["past_t"] = args[6] past(data, stems) stems["past_ptc"] = args[3] or "{{{3}}}" data.forms["past_ptc"] = {stems["past_ptc"]} -- If the final consonant of the past participle is not n, then it is a weak past participle. if not stems["past_ptc"]:find("n$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc với phân từ quá khứ yếu tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. " với phân từ quá khứ yếu" end -- some verbs have alternative forms without the final -d if syncopic_verbs[stems["pres"]] then local syncopic_form = stems["pres"]:sub(1,-2) addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", syncopic_form, 1) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", syncopic_form, 1) addform(data, "impr_sg", syncopic_form, 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", slightly irregular" elseif stems["pres"] == "scheid" and args["sep"] == "uit" then addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", "schei", 1) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", "schei", 1) addform(data, "impr_sg", "schei", 1) addform(data, "past_indc_sg", "schee", 1) addform(data, "past_indc_pl", "scheeën", 1) addform(data, "past_ptc", "scheeën", 1) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc (nhẹ)" -- If the initial or final consonants of the present stem don't match, then this verb is irregular. elseif stems["pres"]:match("^([^aeiouyj]*)") ~= stems["past"]:match("^([^aeiouyj]*)") or stems["pres"]:match("([^aeiouyj]*)$") ~= stems["past"]:match("([^aeiouyj]*)$") then table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ mạnh bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = data.title .. ", bất quy tắc" end end } -- Conjugate an irregular verb inflections["irregular"] = { params = { [1] = {required = true}, }, func = function(args, data) local base = args[1] or "zijn" if irregular[base] then irregular[base](data) else error("Unknown irregular verb '" .. base .. "'.") end end } --[=[ *** IRREGULAR VERB TYPES *** ]=]-- irregular["doen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "doe", ["pres_e"] = "doe"}) past(data, {["past"] = "deed", ["past_e"] = "dede"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"daan"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"doet"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"doet"} end irregular["hebben"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ yếu bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "yếu, bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "heb", ["pres_e"] = "hebbe"}) past(data, {["past"] = "had", ["past_e"] = "hadde"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"had"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"hebt", "heeft"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"heeft"} end irregular["durven"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "durf", ["pres_e"] = "durve", ["pres_t"] = "durft"}) past(data, {["past"] = "dorst"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"durfd"} end irregular["kunnen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "kan", ["pres_e"] = "kunne", ["pres_t"] = "kunt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "kon", ["past_e"] = "konde", ["past_t"] = "kondt"}) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", "kan") addform(data, "pres_indc_u", "kan") data.forms["pres_indc_jij_inversion"] = {"kun"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"kan"} data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"kund"} end irregular["moeten"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "moet"}) past(data, {["past"] = "moest"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"moeten"} end irregular["mogen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "mag", ["pres_e"] = "moge", ["pres_t"] = "moogt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "mocht"}) data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"mag"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"mag"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"mag"} data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"mogen"} end irregular["weten"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "weet", ["pres_e"] = "wete"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wist"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weten"} end irregular["willen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "wil", ["pres_e"] = "wille"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wilde"}) past(data, {["past"] = "wou", ["past_e"] = "woude", ["past_t"] = "woudt"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"wild"} addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", "wil") addform(data, "pres_indc_u", "wil") data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"wil"} end irregular["zijn"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") table.insert(data.categories, "Dutch suppletive verbs") data.title = "bất quy tắc, suppletive" present(data, {["pres"] = "ben", ["pres_e"] = "zij", ["pres_t"] = "zijt"}) past(data, {["past"] = "was", ["past_e"] = "ware", ["past_t"] = "waart"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"bent"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"bent", "is"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"is"} addform(data, "impr_sg", "wees", 1) addform(data, "impr_pl", "weest", 1) end irregular["zullen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ quá khứ đơn-hiện tại tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "quá khứ đơn-hiện tại" present(data, {["pres"] = "zal", ["pres_e"] = "zulle", ["pres_t"] = "zult"}) past(data, {["past"] = "zou", ["past_e"] = "zoude", ["past_t"] = "zoudt"}) data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"zult", "zal"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij_inversion"] = {"zul"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"zult", "zal"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"zal"} end irregular["wezen"] = function(data) table.insert(data.categories, "Động từ bất quy tắc tiếng Hà Lan") data.title = "bất quy tắc" present(data, {["pres"] = "wees", ["pres_e"] = "weze", ["pres_t"] = "weest"}) past(data, {["past"] = "was", ["past_e"] = "ware", ["past_t"] = "waart"}) data.forms["past_ptc"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_jij"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_u"] = {"weest"} data.forms["pres_indc_3sg"] = {"weest"} end --[=[ *** HELPER FUNCTIONS *** ]=]-- -- Create regular present-tense forms function present(data, stems, index) if not stems["pres_e"] then stems["pres_e"] = stems["pres"] .. "e" end if not stems["pres_t"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "t$") then stems["pres_t"] = make_long(stems["pres"]) else stems["pres_t"] = make_long(stems["pres"]) .. "t" end end addform(data, "pres_indc_1sg", stems["pres"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_jij", stems["pres_t"], index) if mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "t$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "mag$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["pres"], "wil$") then -- do nothing else addform(data, "pres_indc_jij_inversion", stems["pres"], index) end addform(data, "pres_indc_gij", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_u" , stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_3sg", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "pres_indc_pl" , make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "n", index) addform(data, "pres_subj_sg" , stems["pres_e"], index) addform(data, "impr_sg", stems["pres"], index) addform(data, "impr_pl", stems["pres_t"], index) addform(data, "infinitive", make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "n", index) addform(data, "pres_ptc", make_long(stems["pres_e"]) .. "nd", index) end -- Create regular past-tense forms function past(data, stems, index) if not stems["past_e"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "e$") then stems["past_e"] = stems["past"] else stems["past_e"] = stems["past"] .. "e" end end if not stems["past_t"] then if mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "[^eio]e$") or mw.ustring.find(stems["past"], "[të]$") then stems["past_t"] = stems["past"] else stems["past_t"] = stems["past"] .. "t" end end addform(data, "past_indc_sg" , stems["past"], index) addform(data, "past_indc_gij" , stems["past_t"], index) addform(data, "past_indc_pl" , stems["past_e"] .. "n", index) addform(data, "past_subj_sg" , stems["past_e"], index) end -- A small helper function for those few verbs that have a stem ending in a -- vowel (like gaan, staan, skiën, echoën). This lengthens the stem-final vowel. function make_long(form) return (form:gsub("([^aeou])([aou])$", "%1%2%2"):gsub("([^aeiou])i$", "%1ie")) end -- Make the table function make_table(data, hasSep) local function show_form(form, inversion) if not form then return "&mdash;" elseif type(form) ~= "table" then error("a non-table value was given in the list of inflected forms.") end local ret = {} for key, subform in ipairs(form) do table.insert(ret, m_links.full_link({lang = lang, term = subform})) end if inversion then return table.concat(ret, "<sup>2</sup>, ") else return table.concat(ret, ", ") end end local function repl(param) if param == "lemma" then return m_links.full_link({lang = lang, alt = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text}, "term") elseif param == "info" then return data.title and " (" .. data.title .. ")" or "" elseif param:find("inversion") then return show_form(data.forms[param], true) else return show_form(data.forms[param], false) end end local wikicode = [=[ {| style="border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-indigo-3,#CCCCFF); text-align:center; line-height:125%" class="inflection-table vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="inflection" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" |- style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-3,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" ! colspan="5" class="vsToggleElement" style="text-align: left" | Bảng chia động từ của {{{lemma}}}{{{info}}} |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#dạng nguyên mẫu|nguyên mẫu]] | style="min-width: 12em;" | {{{infinitive}}} |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{past_indc_sg_main}}}" or "{{{past_indc_sg}}}") .. [=[ |- class="vsShow" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#phân từ|phân từ]] | {{{past_ptc}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#dạng nguyên mẫu|nguyên mẫu]] | colspan="4" | {{{infinitive}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#danh động từ|danh động từ]] | colspan="4" | {{{infinitive}}} ]=] .. require("Module:gender and number").format_list({"n"}) .. (hasSep and [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#mệnh đề chính|mệnh đề chính]] ! colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#mệnh đề phụ|mệnh đề phụ]] |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]]]=] or [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì hiện tại|hiện tại]] ! style="min-width: 12em; font-weight: bold" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thì quá khứ|quá khứ]] |-]=]) .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ nhất|ngôi thứ nhất]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_1sg_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_1sg}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[jij#Dutch|jij]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_jij_main}}}, {{{pres_indc_jij_inversion_main}}}<sup>2</sup> || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_jij}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} " or "{{{pres_indc_jij}}}, {{{pres_indc_jij_inversion}}}<sup>2</sup> || {{{past_indc_sg}}}") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[u#Dutch|u]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_u_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_u}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ hai|ngôi thứ hai]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]&nbsp;(<span lang="nl">[[gij#Dutch|gij]]</span>) | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_gij_main}}} || {{{past_indc_gij_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_gij}}} || {{{past_indc_gij}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#ngôi thứ ba|ngôi thứ ba]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_3sg_main}}} || {{{past_indc_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_3sg}}} || {{{past_indc_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]] | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_pl_main}}} || {{{past_indc_pl_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_pl}}} || {{{past_indc_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" |]=] .. (hasSep and [=[ || colspan="2" |]=] or "") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức giả định|giả định]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]]<sup>1</sup> | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_subj_sg_main}}} || {{{past_subj_sg_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_subj_sg}}} || {{{past_subj_sg}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức giả định|giả định]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]]<sup>1</sup> | ]=] .. (hasSep and "{{{pres_indc_pl_main}}} || {{{past_indc_pl_main}}} || " or "") .. [=[{{{pres_indc_pl}}} || {{{past_indc_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" |]=] .. (hasSep and [=[ || rowspan="5" colspan="2" |]=] or "") .. [=[ |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức mệnh lệnh|mệnh lệnh]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số ít|số ít]] | {{{impr_sg}}} | rowspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#thức mệnh lệnh|mệnh lệnh]]&nbsp;[[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#số nhiều|số nhiều]]<sup>1</sup> | {{{impr_pl}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit; height: 0.5em" | | colspan="2" | |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0,#F2F2FF);color:inherit;" ! style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2,#CCCCFF);color:inherit;" | [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#phân từ|phân từ]] | {{{pres_ptc}}} || {{{past_ptc}}} |- class="vsHide" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1,#E6E6FF);color:inherit;" | colspan="5" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; font-size: smaller; line-height: 1em"| <sup>1)</sup> [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#cổ|Dạng cổ]]. <sup>2)</sup> Trong trường hợp [[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#đảo ngữ|đảo ngữ]]. |}]=] wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, "{{{([a-z0-9_]+)}}}", repl) -- remove 'empty' 2sg forms (duplicates in case of inversion) + note if mw.ustring.find(wikicode, ", &mdash;<sup>2</sup>") then wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, ', &mdash;<sup>2</sup>', '') wikicode = mw.ustring.gsub(wikicode, ' <sup>2%)</sup> Trong trường hợp %[%[Phụ lục:Từ điển thuật ngữ#đảo ngữ|đảo ngữ%]%]%.', '') end return wikicode end function make_bot_list(data, hasSep) local ret = "" if hasSep then ret = ret .. "* sep=1\n" end for key, form in pairs(data.forms) do if type(form) == "table" then for key2, subform in ipairs(form) do ret = ret .. "* " .. key .. "_" .. key2 .. "=" .. subform .. "\n" end else ret = ret .. "* " .. key .. "=" .. form .. "\n" end end return ret end return export am2v2smebspx7j5nlf4d7k3cxwirepl Mô đun:demonym 828 350782 2573596 2248919 2026-10-26T08:34:20Z Hiyuune 50834 2573596 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} local force_cat = false -- set to true for testing local form_of_module = "Module:form of" local place_module = "Module:place" local pron_qualifier_module = "Module:pron qualifier" local qualifier_module = "Module:qualifier" local utilities_module = "Module:utilities" local table_module = "Module:table" local m_links = require("Module:links") local m_languages = require("Module:languages") local lang_en = m_languages.getByCode("en") local dump = mw.dumpObject local insert = table.insert -- Add qualifiers, labels and references to a formatted part. `part` is the object describing the unformatte part, which -- should optionally contain: -- * left qualifiers in `q`, an array of strings; -- * right qualifiers in `qq`, an array of strings; -- * left labels in `l`, an array of strings; -- * right labels in `ll`, an array of strings; -- * references in `refs`, an array either of strings (formatted reference text) or objects containing fields `text` -- (formatted reference text) and optionally `name` and/or `group`; -- `formatted` is the formatted version of the term itself, and `lang` is the optional language object passed into -- format_genders(). local function add_qualifiers_and_refs(formatted, part) local function field_non_empty(field) local list = part[field] if not list then return nil end if type(list) ~= "table" then error(("Internal error: Wrong type for `spec.%s`=%s, should be \"table\""):format( field, mw.dumpObject(list))) end return list[1] end if field_non_empty("q") or field_non_empty("qq") or field_non_empty("l") or field_non_empty("ll") or field_non_empty("refs") then formatted = require(pron_qualifier_module).format_qualifiers { lang = part.lang, text = formatted, q = part.q, qq = part.qq, l = part.l, ll = part.ll, refs = part.refs, } end return formatted end local function link_with_qualifiers(part, face, pretext) local retval = m_links.full_link(part, face, "allow self link") if pretext then retval = pretext .. retval end return add_qualifiers_and_refs(retval, part) end local function format_glosses(data, gloss_pretext) local has_gloss = data.gloss and data.gloss[1] if data.lang:getCode() == "en" then if has_gloss then local glosstext if not data.gloss[2] then glosstext = ("an English gloss '%s'"):format(data.gloss[1].term) else for i, term in ipairs(data.gloss) do data.gloss[i] = "'" .. term.term .. "'" end glosstext = ("English glosses %s"):format(table.concat(data.gloss, ", ")) end error(("Can't specify %s for the term when the language is already English"):format(glosstext)) end return "" elseif has_gloss then if data.notext then error("Can't specify gloss along with notext=") end for i, gloss in ipairs(data.gloss) do gloss.lang = gloss.lang or lang_en data.gloss[i] = link_with_qualifiers(gloss, nil, gloss_pretext) end return table.concat(data.gloss, ", ") else return "" end end local function format_parts(data) local comma_in_part = false local cats = {} local full_langcode = data.lang:getFullCode() for i, part in ipairs(data.parts) do part.lang = part.lang or lang_en local display = part.alt or part.term if display then display = m_links.remove_links(display) if display:find(",") then comma_in_part = true end end if part.gloss then -- move gloss to 'pos' so it doesn't have quotes around it if part.pos then part.pos = part.gloss .. ", " .. part.pos else part.pos = part.gloss end part.gloss = nil end local function has_comma_or_multiple(field) return part[field] and (part[field][2] or part[field][1] and part[field][1]:find(",")) end comma_in_part = comma_in_part or (part.pos and part.pos:find(",")) or has_comma_or_multiple("q") or has_comma_or_multiple("qq") or has_comma_or_multiple("l") or has_comma_or_multiple("ll") local formatted_desc if part.term and part.term:find("<<") then local m_place = require(place_module) local place_desc = m_place.parse_new_style_place_desc(part.term, data.lang) formatted_desc = m_place.format_new_style_place_desc_for_display({}, place_desc, false) if not data.nocat then local this_cats = m_place.get_cats({}, {lang = data.lang, descs = {place_desc}}, "from demonym") for _, cat in ipairs(this_cats) do insert(cats, full_langcode .. ":" .. cat) end end formatted_desc = add_qualifiers_and_refs(formatted_desc, part) else formatted_desc = link_with_qualifiers(part) end data.parts[i] = formatted_desc end local nparts = #data.parts local rettext -- FIXME: There should be a generalization of serialCommaJoin in [[Module:table]] for this use case. if nparts == 1 then rettext = data.parts[1] elseif nparts == 2 then rettext = data.parts[1] .. " hoặc " .. data.parts[2] elseif comma_in_part then rettext = table.concat(data.parts, "; ", 1, nparts - 1) .. "; hoặc " .. data.parts[nparts] else rettext = require(table_module).serialCommaJoin(data.parts, {conj = "hoặc"}) end return rettext, cats end -- WARNING: This overwrites objects in `data`. function export.format_demonym_adj(data) local result = {} local cats = {} local function ins(text) insert(result, text) end local full_langcode = data.lang:getFullCode() local lang_is_en = full_langcode == "en" if not data.nocat then insert(cats, full_langcode .. ":Tên gọi dân cư") end local glosstext = format_glosses(data) ins(glosstext) if glosstext ~= "" then ins(" (") end if not data.notext then if glosstext == "" and lang_is_en and not data.nocap then ins("Thuộc về") else ins("Thuộc về") end ins(", hoặc liên quan đến ") end local parttext, partcats = format_parts(data) ins(parttext) if partcats[1] then require(table_module).extend(cats, partcats) end if glosstext ~= "" then ins(")") end if not data.nocat then ins(require(utilities_module).format_categories(cats, data.lang, data.sort, nil, force_cat)) end return table.concat(result) end -- WARNING: This overwrites objects in `data`. function export.format_demonym_noun(data) local result = {} local cats = {} local function ins(text) insert(result, text) end local full_langcode = data.lang:getFullCode() local lang_is_en = full_langcode == "en" local has_femeq = data.m and data.m[1] data.g = data.g or has_femeq and "f" or nil if not data.nocat then insert(cats, full_langcode .. ":Tên gọi dân cư") if data.g == "m" then insert(cats, full_langcode .. ":Tên dành cho nam") elseif data.g == "f" then insert(cats, full_langcode .. ":Tên dành cho nữ") end if has_femeq then insert(cats, "Danh từ giống cái tương đương " .. data.lang:getFullName()) end end if has_femeq then if data.notext then error("Can't specify m= along with notext=") end for i, m in ipairs(data.m) do data.m[i].lang = data.m[i].lang or data.lang end local femeq_data = { text = (lang_is_en and not data.nocap and "Female" or "female") .. " equivalent of", lemmas = data.m, lemma_face = "term", } ins(require(form_of_module).format_form_of(femeq_data)) ins("; ") end local glosstext = format_glosses(data, data.g == "f" and not data.gloss_is_gendered and "[[female]] " or nil) ins(glosstext) if lang_is_en and not data.notext then if not has_femeq and not data.nocap then ins("A ") else ins("a ") end elseif glosstext ~= "" then ins(" (") end if not data.notext then if data.g == "f" then ins("[[female]] ") end ins("[[native]] or [[inhabitant]] of ") end local parttext, partcats = format_parts(data) ins(parttext) if partcats[1] then require(table_module).extend(cats, partcats) end if glosstext ~= "" then ins(")") end if data.g == "m" and not data.notext then ins(" ") ins(require(qualifier_module).format_qualifier("usually male")) end if not data.nocat then ins(require(utilities_module).format_categories(cats, data.lang, data.sort, nil, force_cat)) end return table.concat(result) end return export 6d989bkq9toqt7ji6ian1vc1fzcw0mt Mô đun:category tree/lang/gmq-osw 828 360564 2573413 2273438 2026-10-25T14:35:54Z Hiyuune 50834 2573413 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "Danh từ thân từ^(.+[%s%-])$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} c8eil7y041mbf0u3kdnsoxvk21je5xg 2573414 2573413 2026-10-25T14:36:22Z Hiyuune 50834 2573414 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "Danh từ thân từ (.+[%s%-])$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} 5lyi4k92abn05y0oqirfrtxxf9fh844 2573415 2573414 2026-10-25T14:37:04Z Hiyuune 50834 2573415 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%s%-])$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} mzoktrjsmxcd2b4v1vzwsbz66yl6bih 2573416 2573415 2026-10-25T14:38:19Z Hiyuune 50834 2573416 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%-]?)$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} 7k9qmlddh3sxrfnjntnlypm6b0bzl78 2573417 2573416 2026-10-25T14:39:44Z Hiyuune 50834 2573417 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local lcfirst = require("Module:string utilities").lcfirst local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%-]?)$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = lcfirst(stem), parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} sef2tzrxa6hiqp57509j8mrxvjwy6oy 2573418 2573417 2026-10-25T14:40:15Z Hiyuune 50834 2573418 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local lcfirst = require("Module:string utilities").lcfirst local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%-]?)$") if lcfirst(stem) then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = lcfirst(stem), parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} k6w3jgqcvkh4ay2ut0uf00lbasc1aet 2573419 2573418 2026-10-25T14:41:05Z Hiyuune 50834 2573419 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%-])$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} 3xcfsyol3b49basm21c3nupzo4atu9d 2573420 2573419 2026-10-25T14:41:24Z Hiyuune 50834 2573420 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%-]?)$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} 7k9qmlddh3sxrfnjntnlypm6b0bzl78 2573421 2573420 2026-10-25T14:41:48Z Hiyuune 50834 2573421 Scribunto text/plain local labels = {} local handlers = {} local rmatch = mw.ustring.match table.insert(handlers, function(data) local stem = rmatch(data.label, "^Danh từ thân từ (.+[%-]?)$") if stem then return { description = "Danh từ " .. stem .. " tiếng Thụy Điển cổ.", breadcrumb = "thân từ " .. stem, parents = {{name = "Danh từ theo loại biến tố", sort = stem}}, } end end) return {LABELS = labels, HANDLERS = handlers} sy13yvzp41gtcqtpzuwfjgywex9tz8l бэйӈэ 0 369455 2573604 2298525 2026-10-26T09:00:38Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Nanai */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573604 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|gld}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Giống như {{cog|evn|бэюн}}. ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|gld|Danh từ|tr=bəjŋə}} # [[động vật|Động vật]]. {{C|gld|Động vật}} 5ahgxfqhvfmk02k6psvhyufm8p26cgx meteorologia 0 379475 2573613 2320107 2026-10-26T11:23:47Z Hiyuune 50834 2573613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|meteorológia|meteorología}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-meteorologia.ogg}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|f}} # [[khí tượng học|Khí tượng học]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<f.sg>}} ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== {{col|pl|title=danh từ|agrometeorologia|astrometeorologia}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== {{col|pl|meteorolog|meteorologiczny}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{C|pl|Khí tượng học|Khoa học}} =={{langname|pt}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|pt|meterologia|metreologia||sai chính tả và sai cách phát âm}} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{audio|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-Sérgio R R Santos-meteorologia.wav|a=Alentejo}} * {{audio|pt|LL-Q5146 (por)-MedK1-meteorologia.wav|a=Caipira}} * {{hyphenation|pt|me|te|o|ro|lo|gi|a}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pt-noun|f|-}} # [[khí tượng học|Khí tượng học]]. ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== * {{l|pt|pirometeorologia}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== * {{l|pt|meteorológico}} * {{l|pt|meteoro}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pt:Aulete}} * {{R:pt:Priberam}} {{C|pt|Khí tượng học|Khoa học}} =={{langname|ca}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{audio|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-meteorologia.wav|a=Barcelona}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{ca-noun|f}} # [[khí tượng học|Khí tượng học]]. {{C|ca|Khí tượng học|Khoa học}} =={{langname|fi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{fi-p|meteoro-logia}} ==={{ĐM|etym}} 1=== {{confix|fi|meteoro|logia}} ===={{ĐM|n}}==== {{fi-noun}} # [[khí tượng học|Khí tượng học]]. ====={{ĐM|decl}}===== {{fi-decl-kulkija|meteorologi|a}} ====={{ĐM|syn}}===== * {{l|fi|ilmatiede}} ====={{ĐM|drv}}===== {{col|fi|title=từ ghép |biometeorologia |tutkameteorologia }} ====={{ĐM|rel}}===== * {{l|fi|meteorologi}} ===={{ĐM|further}}==== * {{R:fi:KTSK|accessdate=2023-07-01}} ==={{ĐM|etym}} 2=== ===={{ĐM|n}}==== {{head|fi|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{infl of|fi|meteorologi||par|s}} {{C|fi|Khí tượng học|Khoa học}} =={{langname|la}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{la-IPA|meteōrologia}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{la-noun|meteōrologia<1.sg>}} # {{lb|la|New Latin}} [[khí tượng học|Khí tượng học]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{la-ndecl|meteōrologia<1.sg>}} {{C|la|Khí tượng học|Khoa học}} =={{langname|it}}== ==={{ĐM|alter}}=== * {{alt|it|metereologia||sai chính tả}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{affix|it|meteoro-|-logia}}. ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{it-noun|f|meteorologie}} # [[khí tượng học|Khí tượng học]]. ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== {{col4|it|meteorologico|meteoro-|meteo|meteorologo}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== * {{l|it|previsioni del tempo}} {{C|it|Khí tượng học|Khoa học}} m74xrlby0qds2i8sg4v2mo88n1cyff9 Mô đun:chemical element list 828 395003 2573398 2348944 2026-10-25T12:59:42Z TheHighFighter2 42988 Chính tả 2573398 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} local M = require("Module:module loader").init({ require = { links = "Module:links", string_utilities = "Module:string utilities", table = "Module:table", qualifier = "Module:qualifier", gender_and_number = "Module:gender and number", parameters = "Module:parameters", }, loadData = { common_elements_data = "Module:chemical element list/data/common", }, }) local concat = table.concat local insert = table.insert local lower = string.lower local upper = string.upper local default_name_types = { {key = "name", display = "Tên"}, } function export.get_data_module_name(langcode) return "Module:chemical element list/data/" .. langcode end local function normalize_atomic_number(value) if not value then return nil end value = tostring(value):gsub(",", "") if not value:find("^%d+$") then return nil end return tostring(tonumber(value)) end local function normalize_symbol(value) if not value or value == "" then return nil end local symbol = tostring(value) return upper(symbol:sub(1, 1)) .. lower(symbol:sub(2)) end local UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS = { "H", "He", "Li", "Be", "B", "C", "N", "O", "F", "Ne", "Na", "Mg", "Al", "Si", "P", "S", "Cl", "Ar", "K", "Ca", "Sc", "Ti", "V", "Cr", "Mn", "Fe", "Co", "Ni", "Cu", "Zn", "Ga", "Ge", "As", "Se", "Br", "Kr", "Rb", "Sr", "Y", "Zr", "Nb", "Mo", "Tc", "Ru", "Rh", "Pd", "Ag", "Cd", "In", "Sn", "Sb", "Te", "I", "Xe", "Cs", "Ba", "La", "Ce", "Pr", "Nd", "Pm", "Sm", "Eu", "Gd", "Tb", "Dy", "Ho", "Er", "Tm", "Yb", "Lu", "Hf", "Ta", "W", "Re", "Os", "Ir", "Pt", "Au", "Hg", "Tl", "Pb", "Bi", "Po", "At", "Rn", "Fr", "Ra", "Ac", "Th", "Pa", "U", "Np", "Pu", "Am", "Cm", "Bk", "Cf", "Es", "Fm", "Md", "No", "Lr", "Rf", "Db", "Sg", "Bh", "Hs", "Mt", "Ds", "Rg", "Cn", "Nh", "Fl", "Mc", "Lv", "Ts", "Og", } local EXTENDED_DIGIT_DATA = { ["0"] = { symbol = "n", name = "nil" }, ["1"] = { symbol = "u", name = "un" }, ["2"] = { symbol = "b", name = "bi" }, ["3"] = { symbol = "t", name = "tri" }, ["4"] = { symbol = "q", name = "quad" }, ["5"] = { symbol = "p", name = "pent" }, ["6"] = { symbol = "h", name = "hex" }, ["7"] = { symbol = "s", name = "sept" }, ["8"] = { symbol = "o", name = "oct" }, ["9"] = { symbol = "e", name = "enn" }, } local DEFAULT_SYSTEMATIC_ELISIONS = { { "iium$", "ium" }, { "nnil", "nil" }, } local function build_systematic_maps(systematic_config) local config = systematic_config or {} local digit_data = config.digit_data if type(digit_data) ~= "table" then digit_data = {} for digit, data in pairs(EXTENDED_DIGIT_DATA) do digit_data[digit] = data end end local symbol_digits = {} local name_digits = {} local symbol_reverse_digits = {} for digit, data in pairs(digit_data) do local symbol = data and data.symbol local name = data and data.name if symbol and name then symbol_digits[digit] = symbol name_digits[digit] = name symbol_reverse_digits[symbol] = digit end end return symbol_digits, name_digits, symbol_reverse_digits end local function build_systematic_symbol_from_number(atomic_number, systematic_config) local symbol_digits = build_systematic_maps(systematic_config) local symbol_parts = {} for digit in tostring(atomic_number):gmatch("%d") do local symbol_part = symbol_digits[digit] if not symbol_part then return nil end insert(symbol_parts, symbol_part) end if #symbol_parts == 0 then return nil end symbol_parts[1] = upper(symbol_parts[1]) return concat(symbol_parts) end local function get_extended_symbol(atomic_number, systematic_config) if atomic_number <= #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS then return nil end return build_systematic_symbol_from_number(atomic_number, systematic_config) end local function build_systematic_name_from_number(atomic_number, systematic_config) local _, name_digits = build_systematic_maps(systematic_config) local name_parts = {} for digit in tostring(atomic_number):gmatch("%d") do local name_part = name_digits[digit] if not name_part then return nil end insert(name_parts, name_part) end if #name_parts == 0 then return nil end local suffix = systematic_config and systematic_config.suffix or "ium" local name = concat(name_parts) .. suffix -- IUPAC elisions for temporary systematic names. local elisions = systematic_config and systematic_config.elisions if systematic_config and systematic_config.replace_default_elisions and type(elisions) == "table" then for _, rule in ipairs(elisions) do local pattern = rule and rule[1] local repl = rule and rule[2] or "" if pattern then name = name:gsub(pattern, repl) end end else for _, rule in ipairs(DEFAULT_SYSTEMATIC_ELISIONS) do local pattern = rule[1] local repl = rule[2] or "" name = name:gsub(pattern, repl) end if type(elisions) == "table" then for _, rule in ipairs(elisions) do local pattern = rule and rule[1] local repl = rule and rule[2] or "" if pattern then name = name:gsub(pattern, repl) end end end end return name end local function get_extended_name(atomic_number, systematic_config) if atomic_number <= #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS then return nil end return build_systematic_name_from_number(atomic_number, systematic_config) end local function parse_extended_symbol_to_number(symbol, systematic_config) if type(symbol) ~= "string" or symbol == "" then return nil end local _, _, symbol_reverse_digits = build_systematic_maps(systematic_config) local digits = {} for char in lower(symbol):gmatch(".") do local digit = symbol_reverse_digits[char] if not digit then return nil end insert(digits, digit) end if #digits == 0 then return nil end local normalized = normalize_atomic_number(concat(digits)) if not normalized then return nil end local number = tonumber(normalized) if not number or number <= #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS then return nil end return normalized end local function parse_systematic_name_to_number(name, systematic_config) if type(name) ~= "string" or name == "" then return nil end local normalized_name = lower(name):gsub("[%s%-]", "") for number = #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS + 1, 999 do if get_extended_name(number, systematic_config) == normalized_name then return tostring(number) end end return nil end -- Legacy temporary IUPAC names/symbols (e.g. ununoctium/Uuo) should resolve -- to official elements when those atomic numbers already exist in the dataset. local function parse_legacy_systematic_alias_to_number(value, systematic_config) if type(value) ~= "string" or value == "" then return nil end local normalized_value = lower(value):gsub("[%s%-]", "") for number = 100, #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS do local name = build_systematic_name_from_number(number, systematic_config) if name and lower(name) == normalized_value then return tostring(number) end end local normalized_symbol = normalize_symbol(value) for number = 100, #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS do local symbol = build_systematic_symbol_from_number(number, systematic_config) if symbol and symbol == normalized_symbol then return tostring(number) end end return nil end local function get_systematic_config(m_data, langcode) local systematic_naming = m_data and m_data.systematic_naming if systematic_naming == true then return {} end if type(systematic_naming) == "table" then if systematic_naming.enabled == false then return nil end return systematic_naming end return nil end function export.get_universal_symbol(atomic_number) local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(atomic_number) if not normalized_number then return nil end local number = tonumber(normalized_number) return UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS[number] or get_extended_symbol(number, nil) end function export.get_systematic_element_name(atomic_number, systematic_naming) local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(atomic_number) if not normalized_number then return nil end return get_extended_name(tonumber(normalized_number), systematic_naming) end local function get_element_symbol(element, atomic_number) local symbol = type(element) == "table" and normalize_symbol(element.symbol) or nil if symbol then return symbol end return export.get_universal_symbol(atomic_number) end -- Parse a form with modifiers. function export.parse_form_and_modifiers(form_with_modifiers) local formobj = {} local form = form_with_modifiers while true do local new_form, angle_bracketed = form:match("^(.-)(%b<>)$") if not new_form then break end local prefix, content = angle_bracketed:match("^<(%w+):(.+)>$") if not prefix then break end if prefix == "tag" then formobj.tag = formobj.tag or {} insert(formobj.tag, content) elseif prefix == "q" or prefix == "qq" or prefix == "tr" or prefix == "link" or prefix == "id" or prefix == "g" or prefix == "alt" then if formobj[prefix] then error(("Duplicate modifier '%s' in data module form: %s"):format(prefix, form_with_modifiers)) end formobj[prefix] = content else error(("Unrecognized modifier '%s' in data module form: %s"):format(prefix, form_with_modifiers)) end form = new_form end formobj.form = form return formobj end local function split_form_variants(form) if type(form) ~= "string" then return {} end if not form:find("//", nil, true) then return { form } end local forms = M.links.split_on_slashes(form) if type(forms) ~= "table" or #forms == 0 then return { form } end return forms end local function form_matches_pagename(form, pagename, lang) for _, variant in ipairs(split_form_variants(form)) do if lang:stripDiacritics(M.links.remove_links(variant)) == pagename then return true end end return false end local function form_equals_pagename(formobj, pagename, lang) if formobj.link == pagename then return true end if form_matches_pagename(formobj.form, pagename, lang) then return true end if formobj.alt and form_matches_pagename(formobj.alt, pagename, lang) then return true end return false end local function get_symbol_to_number_map(m_data) if type(m_data._symbol_to_number_cache) == "table" then return m_data._symbol_to_number_cache end local map = {} local explicit_map = m_data.symbol_to_number or m_data.symbols if type(explicit_map) == "table" then for symbol, number in pairs(explicit_map) do local normalized_symbol = normalize_symbol(symbol) local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(number) if normalized_symbol and normalized_number then map[normalized_symbol] = normalized_number end end end -- Auto-derive any missing mappings from the elements table. for atomic_number, element in pairs(m_data.elements or {}) do local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(atomic_number) local symbol = get_element_symbol(element, normalized_number) if normalized_number and symbol and not map[symbol] then map[symbol] = normalized_number end end m_data._symbol_to_number_cache = map return map end local function resolve_element_data(m_data, atomic_number_or_symbol, systematic_config) if not m_data or type(m_data.elements) ~= "table" then return nil, nil end local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(atomic_number_or_symbol) if normalized_number then local data = m_data.elements[normalized_number] or m_data.elements[tonumber(normalized_number)] if systematic_config and not data then local number = tonumber(normalized_number) local systematic_name = number and get_extended_name(number, systematic_config) or nil if systematic_name then data = { name = systematic_name, symbol = export.get_universal_symbol(number), } end end return normalized_number, data end local symbol_to_number = get_symbol_to_number_map(m_data) local symbol = normalize_symbol(atomic_number_or_symbol) local mapped_number = symbol and symbol_to_number[symbol] or nil if mapped_number then local normalized_mapped = normalize_atomic_number(mapped_number) local data = normalized_mapped and (m_data.elements[normalized_mapped] or m_data.elements[tonumber(normalized_mapped)]) or nil return normalized_mapped, data end local extended_number = parse_extended_symbol_to_number(atomic_number_or_symbol, systematic_config) if extended_number then local data = m_data.elements[extended_number] or m_data.elements[tonumber(extended_number)] if systematic_config and not data then local number = tonumber(extended_number) data = { name = get_extended_name(number, systematic_config), symbol = export.get_universal_symbol(number), } end return extended_number, data end local legacy_number = parse_legacy_systematic_alias_to_number(atomic_number_or_symbol, systematic_config) if legacy_number then local data = m_data.elements[legacy_number] or m_data.elements[tonumber(legacy_number)] return legacy_number, data end return nil, nil end local function merge_element_data(common_elements, atomic_number, element) local common_entry = nil local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(atomic_number) if common_elements and normalized_number then common_entry = common_elements[normalized_number] or common_elements[tonumber(normalized_number)] end if type(common_entry) ~= "table" then return element end local merged = M.table.deepCopy(common_entry) if type(element) == "table" then for key, value in pairs(element) do merged[key] = value end end return merged end local function sorted_atomic_numbers(m_data) local numbers = {} for number, _ in pairs(m_data.elements or {}) do local normalized = normalize_atomic_number(number) if normalized then insert(numbers, tonumber(normalized)) end end table.sort(numbers) return numbers end local function get_next_and_prev_keys(m_data, current_atomic_number) local current = tonumber(current_atomic_number) if not current then return nil, nil end local element = m_data.elements[current_atomic_number] or m_data.elements[current] local next_number = element and element.next and normalize_atomic_number(element.next) or nil local prev_number = element and element.prev and normalize_atomic_number(element.prev) or nil if next_number and prev_number then return next_number, prev_number end local numbers = sorted_atomic_numbers(m_data) for i, number in ipairs(numbers) do if number == current then next_number = next_number or (numbers[i + 1] and tostring(numbers[i + 1]) or nil) prev_number = prev_number or (numbers[i - 1] and tostring(numbers[i - 1]) or nil) break end end if not next_number then next_number = tostring(current + 1) end if not prev_number and current > 1 then prev_number = tostring(current - 1) end return next_number, prev_number end local ELEMENT_CLASS_TO_CATEGORIES = { ["alkali metal"] = { label = "Kim loại kiềm", }, ["alkaline earth metal"] = { label = "Kim loại kiềm thổ", }, ["transition metal"] = { label = "Kim loại chuyển tiếp", }, ["post-transition metal"] = { label = "Post-transition metals", }, ["lanthanide"] = { label = "Lanthanide series chemical elements", }, ["actinide"] = { label = "Actinide series chemical elements", }, ["metalloid"] = { label = "Metalloids", }, ["halogen"] = { label = "Halogens", }, ["noble gas"] = { label = "Khí hiếm", }, ["nonmetal"] = { label = "Nonmetals", }, } local GROUP_TO_SUBCAT = { [13] = "Boron group elements", [14] = "Carbon group elements", [15] = "Pnictogens", [16] = "Chalcogens", [17] = "Halogens", [18] = "Khí hiếm", } local function get_auto_subcategories(langcode, atomic_number, m_data) local n = tonumber(atomic_number) if not n then return {} end local subcats = {} local seen_subcats = {} local function add(cat_name) if not cat_name or seen_subcats[cat_name] then return end seen_subcats[cat_name] = true insert(subcats, ("[[Thể loại:%s:%s]]"):format(langcode, cat_name)) end -- Optional data-driven override, keyed by atomic number: { [8] = {"Chalcogens"} }. local by_number = m_data and m_data.subcategories_by_atomic_number if type(by_number) == "table" and type(by_number[n]) == "table" then for _, cat_name in ipairs(by_number[n]) do add(cat_name) end return subcats end local common_elements = M.common_elements_data and M.common_elements_data.elements or nil local common_entry = common_elements and (common_elements[n] or common_elements[tostring(n)]) or nil local added_from_common = false if type(common_entry) == "table" then local class_key = common_entry.element_class and lower(tostring(common_entry.element_class)) or nil local class_map = class_key and ELEMENT_CLASS_TO_CATEGORIES[class_key] or nil local class_label = class_map and class_map.label or nil if class_label then add(class_label) added_from_common = true end local period_number = tonumber(common_entry.period) if period_number then add(("Nguyên tố chu kỳ %d"):format(period_number)) added_from_common = true end local group_number = tonumber(common_entry.group) if group_number then add(("Nhóm nguyên tố %d"):format(group_number)) added_from_common = true end local group_cat = group_number and GROUP_TO_SUBCAT[group_number] or nil if group_cat then add(group_cat) added_from_common = true end local block_name = common_entry.block and lower(tostring(common_entry.block)) or nil if block_name and block_name:match("^[spdf]$") then add("Phân tử khối " .. upper(block_name)) added_from_common = true end end if added_from_common then return subcats end return subcats end local function lookup_element_by_form(lang, m_data, pagename, requested_type, name_types) local matches = {} local seen_matches = {} local function check_form(raw_form, atomic_number, name_type) local formobj = export.parse_form_and_modifiers(raw_form) if form_equals_pagename(formobj, pagename, lang) and (not requested_type or requested_type == name_type) then local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(atomic_number) if normalized_number then local key = normalized_number .. "||" .. name_type if not seen_matches[key] then seen_matches[key] = true insert(matches, {normalized_number, name_type}) end end end end for atomic_number, element in pairs(m_data.elements or {}) do for _, name_type in ipairs(name_types) do local key = name_type.key local value = element[key] if value then if type(value) == "table" then for _, form in ipairs(value) do check_form(form, atomic_number, key) end else check_form(value, atomic_number, key) end end end end return matches end local function add_name_types(name_types, additional_types) local types = M.table.deepCopy(name_types) for _, additional_type in ipairs(additional_types) do insert(types, additional_type) end return types end function export.get_name_types(m_data) if m_data.additional_name_types then return add_name_types(default_name_types, m_data.additional_name_types) end return default_name_types end function export.display_name_type(name_type) if name_type.display then return name_type.display end return name_type.key:gsub("^.", upper):gsub("_", " ") end function export.format_formobj(formobj, lang) local left_q = formobj.q and M.qualifier.format_qualifier(formobj.q) .. " " or "" local right_q = ((formobj.g and " " .. M.gender_and_number.format_genders(M.string_utilities.split(formobj.g, ",")) or "") .. (formobj.qq and " " .. M.qualifier.format_qualifier(formobj.qq) or "")) local term = formobj.link or formobj.form local alt = formobj.alt if not alt and formobj.link then alt = formobj.form end return left_q .. M.links.full_link{ lang = lang, term = term, alt = alt, tr = formobj.tr, id = formobj.id, } .. right_q end local function get_name_form_links(element, lang) local forms = element and element.name if not forms then return {} end if type(forms) ~= "table" then forms = {forms} end local linked_forms = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms) do if type(form) == "string" then local formobj = export.parse_form_and_modifiers(form) insert(linked_forms, export.format_formobj(formobj, lang)) end end return linked_forms end local function get_name_form_displays(element, lang) local forms = element and element.name if not forms then return {} end if type(forms) ~= "table" then forms = {forms} end local displays = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms) do if type(form) == "string" then local formobj = export.parse_form_and_modifiers(form) insert(displays, { formobj = formobj, formatted = export.format_formobj(formobj, lang), }) end end return displays end local function format_element_label(atomic_number, element, lang, pagename, primary_name_override) local symbol = get_element_symbol(element, atomic_number) or "?" local name_displays = get_name_form_displays(element, lang) local primary_idx = 1 if pagename then for idx, item in ipairs(name_displays) do if form_equals_pagename(item.formobj, pagename, lang) then primary_idx = idx break end end end local primary_name = #name_displays > 0 and name_displays[primary_idx].formatted or "—" if primary_name_override and primary_name_override ~= "" then primary_name = primary_name_override end local alternative_names = {} for idx, item in ipairs(name_displays) do if primary_name_override and primary_name_override ~= "" then insert(alternative_names, item.formatted) elseif idx ~= primary_idx then insert(alternative_names, item.formatted) end end return ("<span style=\"font-size: 260%%; line-height: 1; letter-spacing: 0.02em;\"><b>%s</b></span><br/>" .. "<span style=\"font-size: 90%%; color: var(--wikt-palette-grey-50);\">Số nguyên tử %s</span><br/>" .. "<span style=\"font-size: 115%%;\">%s</span>"):format(symbol, atomic_number, primary_name), (#alternative_names > 0 and concat(alternative_names, ", ") or nil) end local function get_optional_science_fields(element) local fields = { { key = "atomic_mass", label = "Khối lượng nguyên tử", full_label = "Khối lượng nguyên tử" }, { key = "period", label = "Chu kỳ", full_label = "Chu kỳ" }, { key = "group", label = "Nhóm", full_label = "Nhóm" }, { key = "block", label = "Khối", full_label = "Khối" }, { key = "element_class", label = "Lớp", full_label = "Lớp nguyên tố" }, { key = "state_stp", label = "Trạng thái", full_label = "State at standard temperature and pressure" }, { key = "density_g_cm3", label = "Khối lượng riêng (g/cm³)", full_label = "Khối lượng riêng (g/cm³)" }, { key = "melting_point_k", label = "Nóng chảy (K)", full_label = "Điểm nóng chảy (K)" }, { key = "boiling_point_k", label = "Sôi (K)", full_label = "Điểm sôi (K)" }, } local out = {} for _, field in ipairs(fields) do local value = element and element[field.key] if value ~= nil and value ~= "" then if field.key == "block" then local normalized = lower(tostring(value)) if normalized:match("^[spdfg]$") then value = "khối " .. normalized end end insert(out, { label = field.label, full_label = field.full_label or field.label, value = tostring(value) }) end end return out end local function render_classification_fields(classification_fields) if not classification_fields or #classification_fields == 0 then return nil end local lines = { '<table style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%; line-height:1.2;">', } for _, field in ipairs(classification_fields) do insert(lines, "<tr>") insert(lines, ('<th title="%s" style="text-align:left; font-weight:600; padding:1px 6px 1px 0; white-space:nowrap; width:1%%;">%s</th>'):format(field.full_label, field.label)) insert(lines, ('<td style="text-align:right; padding:1px 0; word-break:break-word;">%s</td>'):format(field.value)) insert(lines, "</tr>") end insert(lines, "</table>") return concat(lines, "\n") end local function format_adjacent_display(lang, element, atomic_number, direction) if not element then return "&mdash;" end local linked_forms = get_name_form_links(element, lang) local linked_name = #linked_forms > 0 and concat(linked_forms, ", ") or (get_element_symbol(element, atomic_number) or "?") local arrows = direction == "prev" and "&#8592;&nbsp;" or direction == "next" and "&nbsp;&#8594;" or "" return ("<b>%s%s (%s)%s</b>"):format( direction == "prev" and arrows or "", linked_name, get_element_symbol(element, atomic_number) or "?", direction == "next" and arrows or "" ) end -- Implementation of {{chemical element box}}. function export.show_box(frame) local params = { [1] = {required = true, type = "language", default = "und"}, [2] = true, -- atomic number or symbol pagename = true, type = true, symbol = true, } local args = M.parameters.process(frame:getParent().args, params, nil, "Danh sách nguyên tó hóa học", "show_box") local lang = args[1] local langcode = lang:getCode() local pagename = args.pagename or mw.loadData("Module:headword/data").pagename local module_name = export.get_data_module_name(langcode) local m_data = require(module_name) if type(m_data.elements) ~= "table" then error(("Module '%s' must export an `elements` table."):format(module_name)) end local name_types = export.get_name_types(m_data) local common_elements_data = M.common_elements_data and M.common_elements_data.elements or nil local requested_type = args.type local atomic_number = nil local element = nil local resolved_via_legacy_alias = false local systematic_config = get_systematic_config(m_data, langcode) if args[2] then atomic_number, element = resolve_element_data(m_data, args[2], systematic_config) elseif args.symbol then atomic_number, element = resolve_element_data(m_data, args.symbol, systematic_config) end if element and requested_type and not element[requested_type] then error(("The name type '%s' for element %s is not found in [[%s]]."):format(requested_type, atomic_number, module_name)) end if not element then local matches = lookup_element_by_form(lang, m_data, pagename, requested_type, name_types) if #matches == 0 then local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() if langcode == "und" and title and title.nsText == "Bản_mẫu" then local numbers = sorted_atomic_numbers(m_data) if numbers[1] then atomic_number = tostring(numbers[1]) element = m_data.elements[atomic_number] or m_data.elements[tonumber(atomic_number)] end end if not element and systematic_config then local systematic_number = parse_systematic_name_to_number(pagename, systematic_config) if systematic_number then atomic_number, element = resolve_element_data(m_data, systematic_number, systematic_config) end end if not element then local legacy_number = parse_legacy_systematic_alias_to_number(pagename, systematic_config) if legacy_number then atomic_number, element = resolve_element_data(m_data, legacy_number, systematic_config) resolved_via_legacy_alias = element ~= nil end end if not element then error(("The page name '%s' does not match any known element in [[%s]]."):format(pagename, module_name)) end else local unique_numbers = {} local number_list = {} for _, match in ipairs(matches) do local normalized_number = normalize_atomic_number(match[1]) if normalized_number and not unique_numbers[normalized_number] then unique_numbers[normalized_number] = true insert(number_list, normalized_number) end end if #number_list > 1 then error(("The page name '%s' matches multiple element entries in [[%s]] (atomic numbers: %s). Please specify 2= or symbol=."):format( pagename, module_name, concat(number_list, ", "))) end local first_match = matches[1] atomic_number = normalize_atomic_number(first_match[1]) element = atomic_number and (m_data.elements[atomic_number] or m_data.elements[tonumber(atomic_number)]) or nil requested_type = requested_type or first_match[2] end end if not atomic_number or not element then error("Unable to resolve current element entry.") end element = merge_element_data(common_elements_data, atomic_number, element) local formatted_forms = {} for _, name_type in ipairs(name_types) do local forms = element[name_type.key] if forms then local forms_list = type(forms) == "table" and forms or {forms} local formatted = {} local pagename_among_forms = false for _, form in ipairs(forms_list) do local formobj = export.parse_form_and_modifiers(form) insert(formatted, export.format_formobj(formobj, lang)) if not pagename_among_forms and form_equals_pagename(formobj, pagename, lang) then pagename_among_forms = true requested_type = requested_type or name_type.key end end local displayed_type = export.display_name_type(name_type) if pagename_among_forms then displayed_type = "'''" .. displayed_type .. "'''" end insert(formatted_forms, " &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''" .. displayed_type .. "'': " .. concat(formatted, ", ")) end end local next_number, prev_number = get_next_and_prev_keys(m_data, atomic_number) local next_element = nil local prev_element = nil if next_number then _, next_element = resolve_element_data(m_data, next_number, systematic_config) end if prev_number then _, prev_element = resolve_element_data(m_data, prev_number, systematic_config) end local prev_display = "Trước: " .. format_adjacent_display(lang, prev_element, prev_number, "prev") local next_display = "Tiếp theo: " .. format_adjacent_display(lang, next_element, next_number, "next") local primary_name_override = nil if resolved_via_legacy_alias and type(pagename) == "string" and pagename ~= "" then primary_name_override = export.format_formobj({ form = pagename }, lang) end local current_display, alternative_names_display = format_element_label(atomic_number, element, lang, pagename, primary_name_override) local classification_fields = get_optional_science_fields(element) local classification_fields_display = render_classification_fields(classification_fields) local appendix_name = ("Nguyên tố hóa học của %s"):format(lang:getCanonicalName()) local appendix_title = mw.title.new(appendix_name, "Phụ_lục") local header_link = appendix_title and appendix_title:getContent() and ("[[Phụ lục:%s|Nguyên tố hóa học]]"):format(appendix_name) or "[[nguyên tố hóa học]]" local footer_line = nil if element.wplink then local langcode = lang:getCode() footer_line = "| colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align: center;\" | " .. "[[w:" .. langcode .. ":|Wikipedia " .. lang:getCanonicalName() .. "]] có bài viết về " .. M.links.full_link{ lang = lang, term = "w:" .. langcode .. ":" .. element.wplink, alt = element.wplink, } end local edit_link = ' <sup>(<span class="plainlinks" style="text-transform: initial;">[' .. tostring(mw.uri.fullUrl(module_name, { action = "edit" })) .. " sửa]</span>)</sup>" local lines = { '{| class="floatright chemical-element-box" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-base); border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 270px; background: var(--wikt-palette-white);color:inherit;"', "|-", '! style="font-size: 85%; letter-spacing: 0.03em; text-transform: uppercase; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); padding: 6px 10px;" | ' .. header_link .. edit_link, "|-", '| style="text-align: center; padding: 10px 12px 8px 12px; vertical-align: middle;" | ' .. current_display, } if alternative_names_display then insert(lines, "|-") insert(lines, '| style="text-align: left; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding: 6px 10px; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.35;" | <b>Tên gọi khác</b>: ' .. alternative_names_display) end if classification_fields_display then insert(lines, "|-") insert(lines, '| style="text-align: left; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding: 6px 10px; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.4;" | ' .. '<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="hiện" data-collapsetext="ẩn">' .. '<div style="font-weight: 600;">Lớp phân loại</div>' .. '<div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 4px;">' .. classification_fields_display .. "</div>" .. "</div>") end insert(lines, "|-") insert(lines, '| style="text-align: left; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding: 6px 10px;" | ' .. prev_display) insert(lines, "|-") insert(lines, '| style="text-align: left; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding: 6px 10px;" | ' .. next_display) if footer_line then insert(lines, "|-") insert(lines, '| style="text-align: left; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); padding: 6px 10px;" | ' .. footer_line:gsub('^| colspan="3" style="text%-align: center;" | ', "")) end insert(lines, "|}") local atomic_number_num = tonumber(atomic_number) local data_entry = m_data.elements[atomic_number] or (atomic_number_num and m_data.elements[atomic_number_num] or nil) local is_systematic_fallback_element = systematic_config and atomic_number_num and atomic_number_num > #UNIVERSAL_SYMBOLS and not data_entry local title_obj = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() if langcode ~= "und" and title_obj and title_obj.nsText ~= "Bản_mẫu" then insert(lines, ("[[Thể loại:%s:Nguyên tố hóa học]]"):format(langcode)) if is_systematic_fallback_element then insert(lines, ("[[Thể loại:%s:Tên nguyên tố theo hệ thống]]"):format(langcode)) insert(lines, ("[[Thể loại:%s:Nguyên tố hóa học theo giả định]]"):format(langcode)) end for _, subcat in ipairs(get_auto_subcategories(langcode, atomic_number, m_data)) do insert(lines, subcat) end end return concat(lines, "\n") end return export d1o01hv3i5z9wogzyalybehz8ofohv7 kobieta 0 406213 2573585 2573190 2026-10-26T08:14:32Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Biến cách */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|kobieta|kobietą|kobiéta|kòbiéta|kòbiétą|kòbiétã|kóbieta}} =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} {{img |image1=Woman Montage (1).jpg|caption1={{lang|pl|kobiety}} }} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{etymon|pl|id=phụ nữ}} {{rfe|pl}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-#.ogg;LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-#.wav|mp=[ét]|CGP=#|pdl=#|MB=#|WL=#|low=#|kra=#|mas=#}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{pl-noun|f|dim=kobietka|aug=kobiecisko|adj=kobiecy,kobiecki<l:obsolete>}} # [[phụ nữ|Phụ nữ]]. #: {{syn|pl|białogłowa|dama|facetka<q:thông tục>|niewiasta|kobiałka<q:hài hước>|żona<q:không còn dùng>}} #: {{cot|pl|mężczyzna}} # {{lb|pl|colloquial|or|dialectal|Krajna|Wielkopolska |Masuria|Jabłonka|Bogacko|Podlachia|Tykocin|Gwary Mazowsza|Czersk|Łowicz|Lubelszczyzny Zachodniej|Chmielnik|Rzeczyca Księża}} [[phụ nữ|Phụ nữ]] ([[vợ]] hoặc [[người yêu]]). ===={{section|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<f>}} {{pl-ndecl|<lect:mpl.nom:kobieta.gen:kobiety:kobietę.dat:kobiecie.nompl:kobiety.accpl:kobiety.inspl:kobietami.locpl:kobietach>}} ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|pl}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|pl|title=danh từ|kobieta fatalna|kobieta luksusowa|kobieta publiczna|kobieta sukcesu|kobieta z przeszłością|kobieciarz|kobieciątko|kobiecina|kobieton}} {{pl-derived verbs|-/być kobietą}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|pl|title=phó từ|kobieco}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|kobieciarstwo|kobiecinka|kobiecość}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|be|кабе́та|bor=1}} * {{desc|csb|kòbiéta|bor=1}} * {{desc|szl|kobiyta|bor=1}} * {{desc|zlw-slv|kôbjéta|bor=1}} * {{desc|uk|кобі́та|bor=1}} ==={{section|further}}=== * Tiếng Ba Lan hiện tại tiêu chuẩn: ** {{R:pl:WSJP||3950}} ** {{R:pl:PWN}} ** {{R:pl:PSWP}} ** {{R:pl:SGJP|+|8306}} ** {{R:pl:USJP}} ** {{R:pl:NFJP}} ** {{R:pl:SPP||135}} * Tiếng Ba Lan trung đại: ** {{R:pl:SXVII|KOBIETA|19831||13.03.2023}} * Từ điển lịch sử: ** {{R:pl:SJP1807}} ** {{R:pl:SJP1861}} ** {{R:pl:SJP1900||383|2}} * Từ điển phương ngữ: ** {{R:pl:SGP1900||387|2}} ** {{R:pl:Świderska:1929|kob́eta|106}} ** {{R:pl:Kęcińska:2004||45}} ** {{R:pl:SgOWiM|kobieta|233|3}} 7b1osw1i8zy8wd71mu87rcgsoty70f3 pszenica 0 414727 2573612 2560664 2026-10-26T11:21:35Z Hiyuune 50834 2573612 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|pl}}== {{wp|pl:}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*pьšenica}}, từ {{m|sla-pro|*pьšenò}}.<ref>{{R:sla:EDSIL|head=*pьšenò|431}}</ref> ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=Pl-pszenica.ogg;LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-pszenica.wav}} ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{pl-noun|f}} # [[lúa mì|Lúa mì]]. ===={{ĐM|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<f.sg>}} ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|pszeniczny}} ===={{ĐM|rel}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|pszenny}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|pszono}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== {{reflist}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:pl:WSJP}} * {{R:pl:PWN}} {{cln|pl|Từ có hậu tố -ica}} {{C|pl|Hạt ngũ cốc}} tcy0nkjaf77a0cbw2a0hgd82rud8q8m szturmowiec 0 420935 2573587 2572459 2026-10-26T08:19:16Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Biến cách */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573587 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|pl}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|pl|:af|szturm|-owiec|text=+|tree=1}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Jest Spoczko-szturmowiec.wav}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-in}} # {{lb|pl|military}} [[máy bay cường kích]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.inan>}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-pr}} # {{lb|pl|military}} [[lính]] [[xung kích]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{pl-decl-noun-m-pr}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|szturmowy|szturmański}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|szturm|szturmowość|szturmak|szturmaczek|szturman|szturmwał|szturmówka|szturmowszczyzna}} {{col|pl|title=động từ|szturmować}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:pl:PWN}} dhqy264w795visfmlev85dbkjo70uol 2573589 2573587 2026-10-26T08:21:14Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Biến cách */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573589 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|pl}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{ety|pl|:af|szturm|-owiec|text=+|tree=1}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{pl-pr|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Jest Spoczko-szturmowiec.wav}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-in}} # {{lb|pl|military}} [[máy bay cường kích]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.inan>}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{pl-noun|m-pr}} # {{lb|pl|military}} [[lính]] [[xung kích]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{pl-ndecl|<m.pr.vocze>}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|pl|title=tính từ|szturmowy|szturmański}} {{col|pl|title=danh từ|szturm|szturmowość|szturmak|szturmaczek|szturman|szturmwał|szturmówka|szturmowszczyzna}} {{col|pl|title=động từ|szturmować}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:pl:PWN}} j86by6t4q11pfudvpkmi4nd9xxpouti Mô đun:zlw-lch-decl 828 421108 2573583 2573189 2026-10-26T08:12:51Z Hiyuune 50834 2573583 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ intro: This module implements the declension tables of the Lechitic languages: {{tl|pl-ndecl}} for Polish nouns and {{tl|pl-adecl}} for Polish adjectives (both with their Middle Polish, Standard Kurpie and dialectal tables), and {{tl|zlw-opl-ndecl}} for Old Polish nouns. The following terminology is helpful to understand: * The '''lemma''' is the word being declined, normally the nominative singular, or the nominative plural of a plurale tantum. In a call it's followed by an inline spec of indicators in angle brackets, e.g. `{{pl-ndecl|<m.anml.*.datu>}}` (the page name as an animal noun with a mobile ''e'' and the dative in ''-u'') or `{{pl-ndecl|Morze<n.sg> Bałtyckie<+>}}`. * A '''slot''' is a particular combination of case and number, e.g. `nom_s` or `loc_p`. Each slot is one cell of a table. * The '''stem''' is the lemma minus its nominative ending. A '''group''' is the set of nouns that share one set of rules; a '''rule''' gives the forms of a slot for the stems that end in particular letters; and a '''copy''' is a slot that takes its forms from another one. See [[Module:zlw-lch-decl/data/pl]] for the details. * An '''alternation''' is a change to the stem that a rule asks for: dropping or inserting the mobile ''e'', ''ó''/''o'' and ''ą''/''ę'', and the palatalizations. * A '''base''' is what [[Module:inflection utilities]] calls the parsed spec of a single word: its lemma, indicators and overrides, plus its forms once it has been declined. Authorship: [[User:Fenakhay]] ]==] local export = {} local M = require("Module:module loader").init { require = { accel = "Module:accel", form_of = "Module:form of", inflection_table = "Module:inflection-table", inflection_utilities = "Module:inflection utilities", JSON = "Module:JSON", labels = "Module:labels", languages = "Module:languages", links = "Module:links", parameters = "Module:parameters", parse_utilities = "Module:parse utilities", table = "Module:table", template_parser = "Module:template parser", utilities = "Module:utilities", }, loadData = { data = "Module:zlw-lch-decl/data", headword_data = "Module:headword/data", }, } -- Return the data module of the language `code` (`Module:zlw-lch-decl/data/CODE`) and its language object. `entry` is -- the entry point being invoked (`noun` or `adjective`); throw an error if `languages` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl/data]] -- doesn't list that entry for the language. local function language_of(code, entry) local language = code and M.data.languages[code] if not language or not language[entry] then local codes = {} for known, entries in pairs(M.data.languages) do if entries[entry] then table.insert(codes, known) end end table.sort(codes) error(("The #invoke needs lang= with one of %s"):format(table.concat(codes, ", ")), 0) end return mw.loadData("Module:zlw-lch-decl/data/" .. code), M.languages.getByCode(code) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Spec -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ Object holding the indicators of a single word, i.e. the `<...>` after its lemma, e.g. `<m.anml.*.datu>`. `Spec.parse` is the `parse_indicator_spec` callback passed to [[Module:inflection utilities]]; it returns the base of the word, with its indicators by group and its overrides by slot. The indicators each template knows are listed under `indicators` in the language's data module, and an unknown one is an error that lists the known ones. ]==] local Spec = {} Spec.__index = Spec local function spec_error(message, text) error(message .. " in the spec '" .. text .. "'.", 0) end -- Return the footnotes in a group that `split_alternating_runs` produced from a bracketed run, i.e. the bracketed -- segments after the first segment. Throw an error if any text follows a footnote. local function fetch_footnotes(group, text) local footnotes for i = 2, #group - 1, 2 do if group[i + 1] ~= "" then spec_error("Only another footnote can follow a footnote", text) end footnotes = footnotes or {} table.insert(footnotes, group[i]) end return footnotes end --[==[ Parse an override of one or more slots of a noun. There are two kinds of overrides: * Endings, written `CASE[pl]ENDING:ENDING...`, e.g. `genu` or `insplami:mi`. These go on the stem that the slot's rule uses; an ending that starts with an apostrophe goes after the whole lemma (`gen'a` on ''Google'' gives ''Google'a''), and with `r:`, endings are written on the lemma like the rules' own (''Barthes'a''). * Whole forms, written `CASE[pl]:FORM:FORM...`, e.g. `voc:człowiecze:człowieku`. `CASE+CASE...` sets several cases at once, and `du` in place of `pl` names a dual slot (`nomdu`). Among endings, `+` stands for the forms the rules give, so that e.g. `nomplowie:+` adds ''-owie'' to them. `-` stands for no ending (among endings) or no form (among forms), and a footnote can follow any value. `depr` is the deprecative nominative plural of a masculine personal noun. Return two values: the slots the override applies to, and an object describing it. ]==] local Overrides = {} function Overrides.parse(group, text) local part = group[1] local slots = {} while true do if mw.ustring.sub(part, 1, 4) == "depr" then table.insert(slots, "depr_p") part = mw.ustring.sub(part, 5) else local case = mw.ustring.sub(part, 1, 3) if not M.data.case_codes[case] then spec_error(("Unrecognized case '%s' in an override"):format(case), text) end part = mw.ustring.sub(part, 4) if mw.ustring.find(part, "^pl") then part = mw.ustring.sub(part, 3) table.insert(slots, case .. "_p") elseif mw.ustring.find(part, "^du") then part = mw.ustring.sub(part, 3) table.insert(slots, case .. "_d") else table.insert(slots, case .. "_s") end end if mw.ustring.find(part, "^%+[a-z]") then part = mw.ustring.sub(part, 2) else break end end local override = {values = {}} if mw.ustring.find(part, "^:") then override.full = true part = mw.ustring.sub(part, 2) end group[1] = part for _, value_group in ipairs(M.parse_utilities.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(group, ":")) do local value = value_group[1] if value == "" then spec_error("Use - for an empty ending or no form", text) end table.insert(override.values, { form = value == "-" and "" or value, default = not override.full and value == "+" or nil, footnotes = fetch_footnotes(value_group, text), }) end return slots, override end -- The slots of an adjective table, which an override of {{tl|pl-adecl}} can name, with their accelerator tags (using the -- codes in [[Module:form of/data]], `nv` = non-virile). local ADJECTIVE_ACCEL = { nom_m = "nom|m|s", nom_f = "nom|f|s", nom_n = "nom|n|s", nom_mp_pers = "vr|nom|p", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "nv|nom|p", nom_mp_npers = "nv|nom|m|p", nom_fp = "nom|f|p", nom_np = "nom|n|p", gen_mn = "gen|m//n|s", gen_f = "gen|f|s", gen_p = "gen|p", dat_mn = "dat|m//n|s", dat_f = "dat|f|s", dat_p = "dat|p", acc_m_an = "an|acc|m|s", acc_m_in = "in|acc|m|s", acc_f = "acc|f|s", acc_n = "acc|n|s", acc_mp_pers = "vr|acc|p", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nv|acc|p", acc_mp_npers = "nv|acc|m|p", acc_fp = "acc|f|p", acc_np = "acc|n|p", ins_mn = "ins|m//n|s", ins_f = "ins|f|s", ins_p = "ins|p", ins_mnp = "ins|m//n|p", ins_fp = "ins|f|p", loc_mn = "loc|m//n|s", loc_f = "loc|f|s", loc_p = "loc|p", nom_m_d = "nom|m|d", nom_fn_d = "nom|f//n|d", gen_d = "gen|d", dat_d = "dat|d", acc_m_d = "acc|m|d", acc_fn_d = "acc|f//n|d", ins_d = "ins|d", loc_d = "loc|d", short = "short", } --[==[ Parse an override of {{tl|pl-adecl}}, in the format of the former [[Module:pl-adjective]]: `SLOT[+SLOT...]:FORM:FORM...` with the slot names of the adjective, e.g. `nom_mp_pers:weseli` or `gen_p+loc_p:...`. Only whole forms are allowed. Return the same two values as `Overrides.parse`. ]==] function Overrides.parseAdjective(group, text) local slots = {} local value_groups = M.parse_utilities.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(group, ":") if #value_groups[1] > 1 then spec_error("A footnote can't follow the slot name of an override", text) end for slot in mw.text.gsplit(value_groups[1][1], "+", true) do if not ADJECTIVE_ACCEL[slot] then spec_error(("Unrecognized slot '%s' in an override"):format(slot), text) end table.insert(slots, slot) end local override = {values = {}, full = true} for i = 2, #value_groups do local value = value_groups[i][1] if value == "" then spec_error("Use - for no form", text) end table.insert(override.values, {form = value == "-" and "" or value, footnotes = fetch_footnotes(value_groups[i], text)}) end return slots, override end -- Return the definition of the indicator `name` for `template`, or nil if there isn't one. local function indicator_definition(data, template, name) return data.indicators[template][name] end -- Return true if `part` of a spec is an override, i.e. it begins with a case code (or `depr`) and isn't an indicator. local function is_override(data, template, part) local name = mw.ustring.match(part, "^([^:]*)") or part if indicator_definition(data, template, name) then return false end return M.data.case_codes[mw.ustring.sub(part, 1, 3)] ~= nil or mw.ustring.sub(part, 1, 4) == "depr" end -- Return true if `part` (`NAME:VALUE`) is an indicator that takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń` or `lect:skur`) rather -- than an override. local function takes_value(data, template, part) local definition = indicator_definition(data, template, mw.ustring.match(part, "^([^:]+):")) return definition and definition.value ~= nil end function Spec.parse(angle_bracket_spec, template, data, lang) local inside = mw.ustring.match(angle_bracket_spec, "^<(.*)>$") local base = setmetatable({overrides = {}, indicators = {}, groups = {}, template = template, data = data, lang = lang, text = angle_bracket_spec}, Spec) if inside == "" then return base end local segments = M.parse_utilities.parse_balanced_segment_run(inside, "[", "]") for _, group in ipairs(M.parse_utilities.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(segments, "%.")) do local part = group[1] if part == "" then if #group == 1 then spec_error("Empty indicator (two periods in a row, or a period at an end)", angle_bracket_spec) end base.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(group, angle_bracket_spec) elseif template == "adjective" and mw.ustring.find(part, ":") and not takes_value(data, template, part) or template ~= "adjective" and is_override(data, template, part) then local slots, override if template == "adjective" then slots, override = Overrides.parseAdjective(group, angle_bracket_spec) else slots, override = Overrides.parse(group, angle_bracket_spec) end for _, slot in ipairs(slots) do if base.overrides[slot] then spec_error(("Two overrides for the slot '%s'"):format(slot), angle_bracket_spec) end base.overrides[slot] = override end else if #group > 1 then spec_error("A footnote can only follow an override or stand alone", angle_bracket_spec) end local name, value = mw.ustring.match(part, "^([^:]+):(.*)$") name = name or part local definition = indicator_definition(data, template, name) if not definition then local names = {} for known in pairs(data.indicators[template]) do table.insert(names, known) end table.sort(names) spec_error(("Unrecognized indicator '%s'; the indicators are %s"):format(name, table.concat(names, ", ")), angle_bracket_spec) end if definition.value and (value == nil or value == "") then spec_error(("The indicator '%s' needs a value ('%s:...')"):format(name, name), angle_bracket_spec) elseif not definition.value and value ~= nil then spec_error(("The indicator '%s' takes no value"):format(name), angle_bracket_spec) end if base.indicators[name] ~= nil then spec_error(("The indicator '%s' is given twice"):format(name), angle_bracket_spec) end local key = definition.group or name if base.groups[key] then spec_error(("The indicators '%s' and '%s' can't be used together"):format(base.groups[key], name), angle_bracket_spec) end base.groups[key] = name base.indicators[name] = value or true end end return base end -- Return the value set by a group of indicators (e.g. "m" for `gender`), or nil if none of the group was given. function Spec:group(group) local name = self.groups[group] if not name then return nil end return indicator_definition(self.data, self.template, name).sets or name end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Stem -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ Functions to find the stem of a lemma and apply the alternations of the language's data module to it. ]==] local Stem = {} -- Split a lemma into its stem and nominative ending. The ending is the first of the `nominative_endings` of its gender -- (`m`, `f` or `n`, or `plural` for a plurale tantum) that the lemma ends in with something before it, unless the -- ending is one of the gender's `nominative_after_consonant` and a vowel precedes it; if there's none, the lemma is its -- own stem and the ending is empty. function Stem.split(data, lemma, gender, plural) local after_consonant = not plural and data.nominative_after_consonant[gender] or {} for _, ending in ipairs(data.nominative_endings[plural and "plural" or gender]) do local stem = mw.ustring.match(lemma, "^(.+)" .. ending .. "$") if stem and not (after_consonant[ending] and mw.ustring.find(mw.ustring.sub(stem, -1), "[" .. data.vowels .. "]")) then return stem, ending end end return lemma, "" end -- Replace the last letters of `stem` according to `map`, trying the longest keys first (up to three letters). Return -- nil if the stem ends in none of the keys. local function replace_final(stem, map) for _, length in ipairs({3, 2, 1}) do if mw.ustring.len(stem) >= length then local final = mw.ustring.sub(stem, -length) if map[final] then return mw.ustring.sub(stem, 1, -length - 1) .. map[final] end end end return nil end -- Remove the mobile vowel from `stem`, i.e. the first of the data's `mobile_vowels` that it has before its final -- consonants. Return nil if it has none. local function reduce(data, stem) local vowels = data.vowels for _, mobile in ipairs(data.mobile_vowels) do local head, final = mw.ustring.match(stem, "^(.-)" .. mobile[1] .. "([^" .. vowels .. "]+)$") if head and head ~= "" and not (mobile.after_consonant and mw.ustring.find(mw.ustring.sub(head, -1), "[" .. vowels .. "]")) then return (mobile.soften and replace_final(head, data[mobile.soften]) or head) .. final end end return nil end -- Join a stem and an ending as the language spells them. Before a vowel, a final soft consonant is written with the -- data's `soft_vowel` (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). After it, an ending's first vowel goes if it is one of -- `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), as it does after a softening of the stem that ends in the -- soft vowel (`softened`: ''Herodzi-'' + ''-y'' → ''Herodzi''). After a stem's own soft vowel, the ending's -- `hard_vowel` is dropped if that vowel spells a soft consonant (''niuni-'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the -- soft vowel if not (''Ili-'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). local function join(data, stem, ending, softened) if not mw.ustring.find(mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, 1), "[" .. data.vowels .. "]") then return stem .. ending end local spelled = replace_final(stem, data.soft) local vowel = data.soft_vowel local after_vowel = mw.ustring.sub(stem, -mw.ustring.len(vowel)) == vowel if not spelled and not (softened and after_vowel) then local hard = data.hard_vowel if after_vowel and mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, mw.ustring.len(hard)) == hard then local rest = mw.ustring.sub(ending, mw.ustring.len(hard) + 1) return stem .. (replace_final(stem, data.final_soft) and rest or vowel .. rest) end return stem .. ending end stem = spelled or stem for _, absorbed in ipairs(data.soft_vowel_absorbs) do local length = mw.ustring.len(absorbed) if mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, length) == absorbed then return stem .. mw.ustring.sub(ending, length + 1) end end return stem .. ending end -- Insert `vowel` before the last consonant of `stem`, spelling a soft consonant before it as before any vowel -- (''bańk-'' → ''baniek''). Return nil if the stem doesn't end in two consonants. local function insert(data, stem, vowel) local vowels = data.vowels local head, final = mw.ustring.match(stem, "^(.-[^" .. vowels .. "])([^" .. vowels .. "])$") return head and join(data, head, vowel) .. final or nil end -- Change the vowel of the last syllable of `stem`, whose vowels are the letters of `vowels`, according to `map` -- (`shorten`, `lengthen` or `front` in the data, or `clear` of a lect's paradigm). Return nil if that vowel isn't one -- of the keys of `map`. local function alternate(vowels, stem, map) local letters = "" for vowel in pairs(map) do letters = letters .. vowel end local head, vowel, tail = mw.ustring.match(stem, "^(.*)([" .. letters .. "])([^" .. vowels .. "]*)$") return head and head .. map[vowel] .. tail or nil end -- Return the stem that `label` names, which is either `plain` or a set of alternations joined with "+" (e.g. -- `reduced+palatal`). Return nil if one of the alternations doesn't apply to `stem`. function Stem.apply(data, stem, label) local text = stem for part in mw.text.gsplit(label, "+", true) do if not text then return nil end if part == "reduced" then text = reduce(data, text) elseif mw.ustring.find(part, "^inserted_") then -- `inserted_VOWEL` puts the mobile vowel VOWEL in. text = insert(data, text, mw.ustring.sub(part, 10)) elseif part == "truncated" then text = replace_final(text, data.truncate) elseif part == "spelled" then text = replace_final(text, data.spelled) elseif part == "shortened" then text = alternate(data.vowels, text, data.shorten) elseif part == "lengthened" then text = alternate(data.vowels, text, data.lengthen) elseif part == "fronted" then text = alternate(data.vowels, text, data.front) elseif part == "soft" or part == "final_soft" then -- This is only a spelling, so leave the stem alone if it has no such letter. text = replace_final(text, data[part]) or text elseif part == "palatal" or part == "virile" then text = replace_final(text, data[part]) elseif part == "irregular" then text = "" elseif part ~= "plain" then error(("Internal error: unknown alternation '%s'"):format(part)) end end return text end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ Object holding the rules of one word's group, with the word's indicators applied. `NounRules.new(base)` finds the group from the word's gender, kind, number and nominative ending, and `:forms(slot)` returns the forms of a slot by the rule of the longest matching stem ending, as form objects `{form = ..., footnotes = {...}}`. ]==] local NounRules = {} NounRules.__index = NounRules local function group_key(rule_gender, kind, plural, nominative) return ("%s %s %s %s"):format(rule_gender, kind, plural and "pl" or "sg", nominative) end function NounRules.new(base, word) local data = base.data local rule_gender = data.rule_gender[base.gender] if type(rule_gender) == "table" then rule_gender = rule_gender[base.animacy] end local plural = base.number == "pl" -- A plurale tantum is either masculine personal (m-pr) or not, and the non-personal ones share the groups of the -- neuter. if plural and rule_gender ~= "m-pr" then rule_gender = "n" end if not rule_gender then spec_error(("The noun '%s' needs a gender (m, f or n)"):format(word), base.text) end local stem, nominative = Stem.split(data, word, rule_gender:sub(1, 1), plural) local kind = base.kind or "common" local group = data.noun_groups[group_key(rule_gender, kind, plural, nominative)] or kind ~= "common" and data.noun_groups[group_key(rule_gender, "common", plural, nominative)] if not group then error(("No rules for %s nouns in -%s ('%s'); give the forms with overrides and <!>"):format( rule_gender, nominative, word), 0) end return setmetatable({base = base, data = data, word = word, stem = stem, nominative = nominative, group = group, labels = {}, head_slot = plural and "nom_p" or "nom_s"}, NounRules) end -- Return the rule of `slot` for this stem, i.e. the rule of the longest stem ending (up to three letters) that has one. function NounRules:rule(slot) local rules = self.group.rules for size = math.min(3, mw.ustring.len(self.stem)), 0, -1 do local suffix = size == 0 and "" or mw.ustring.sub(self.stem, -size) local by_slot = rules[suffix] if by_slot and by_slot[slot] then return by_slot[slot] end end return nil end -- Return true if a part of an alternation label is about the mobile vowel, i.e. it's `reduced` or `inserted_VOWEL`. local function is_mobile(part) return part == "reduced" or mw.ustring.find(part, "^inserted_") ~= nil end -- Return the alternation label of an ending of a rule, with the word's indicators applied. `-*` takes out the mobile -- vowel and `*` puts it in: for a lemma ending in a consonant it's dropped before an ending, and for one ending in a -- vowel it's inserted into a bare stem (as `inserted_vowel` in the data says). `-#` and `#` do the same for ''ó''/''o'' -- and ''ą''/''ę''. A bare form of a lemma ending in a consonant is the lemma itself (e.g. the accusative of an -- inanimate noun) and takes neither. function NounRules:label(label, ending) local base = self.base local parts = {} for part in mw.text.gsplit(label, "+", true) do parts[part] = true end local mobile = false for part in pairs(parts) do mobile = mobile or is_mobile(part) end local consonant_final = self.nominative == "" if base.reducible == false then for part in pairs(parts) do if is_mobile(part) then parts[part] = nil end end elseif base.reducible and not mobile then if consonant_final and ending ~= "" then parts.reduced = true elseif ending == "" then local inserted = self.data.inserted_vowel parts["inserted_" .. (inserted.after[mw.ustring.sub(self.stem, -2, -2)] or inserted.default)] = true end end if base.quantity == "none" then parts.shortened, parts.lengthened = nil, nil elseif base.quantity == "full" and not (parts.shortened or parts.lengthened) then if consonant_final and ending ~= "" then parts.shortened = true elseif ending == "" then parts.lengthened = true end end -- Put the parts in the order they apply in, with the mobile vowel first. local ordered = {} if parts.reduced then table.insert(ordered, "reduced") end local inserted = {} for part in pairs(parts) do if mw.ustring.find(part, "^inserted_") then table.insert(inserted, part) end end table.sort(inserted) for _, part in ipairs(inserted) do table.insert(ordered, part) end for _, name in ipairs({"truncated", "spelled", "shortened", "lengthened", "fronted", "soft", "final_soft", "palatal", "virile", "irregular"}) do if parts[name] then table.insert(ordered, name) end end return ordered[1] and table.concat(ordered, "+") or "plain" end -- Return the last consonant of a stem, which is either one of the data's `digraphs` or a single letter. local function final_consonant(data, stem) local last_two = mw.ustring.sub(stem, -2) return data.digraphs[last_two] and last_two or mw.ustring.sub(stem, -1) end -- Return `lemma` followed by `ending`, with an apostrophe between them if the ending starts with a vowel. This is how a -- form of a word read as another (`r:`) is written (''Barthes'a'', ''Kennedy'ego'', ''Kennedym''). local function written_form(data, lemma, ending) if ending == "" then return lemma end return lemma .. (mw.ustring.find(mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, 1), "[" .. data.vowels .. "]") and "'" or "") .. ending end function NounRules:form(label, ending, note) local footnotes = note and {"[" .. self.data.notes[note] .. "]"} or nil local written = self.base.indicators.r and self.base.lemma -- An apostrophe keeps the lemma whole before the ending (''Google'' → ''Google'a''). if mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, 1) == "'" then return {form = (written or self.word) .. ending, footnotes = footnotes} end local full = self:label(label, ending) local stem = Stem.apply(self.data, self.stem, full) or self.stem local form = join(self.data, stem, ending, stem ~= self.stem) -- With `r:`, the forms are written on the lemma. For a word read with a nominative ending (''Kennedi''), what follows -- that ending in each ending goes after the lemma (''Kennedy'ego''). For one read with none (''Bart''), a form that -- changes the stem is written as it's built (''Barcie''), and the other forms put the ending after the lemma without -- the ''i'' that spells a velar before a vowel (''Jakiem'', but ''Jacques'em''). if written and self.nominative ~= "" then local length = mw.ustring.len(self.nominative) form = written_form(self.data, written, mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, length) == self.nominative and mw.ustring.sub(ending, length + 1) or ending) elseif written and stem == self.stem then local rest = ending if self.data.stem_types.velar[final_consonant(self.data, stem)] and mw.ustring.find(rest, "^i[" .. self.data.vowels .. "]") then rest = mw.ustring.sub(rest, 2) end form = written_form(self.data, written, rest) end -- Keep the form's alternations: the table's categories come from the forms it shows. local object = {form = form, footnotes = footnotes} self.labels[object] = full return object end -- Return the endings of a rule's cell as a list of `{ending, stem = ..., note = ...}`. A cell is an ending (a string), -- one ending with a stem or note (e.g. `{ "e", stem = "palatal" }`), or a list of either (e.g. `{ "i", "ów" }`). local function cell_endings(cell) if type(cell) == "string" then return {{cell}} elseif type(cell[1]) == "string" and cell[2] == nil then return {cell} end local list = {} for _, ending in ipairs(cell) do table.insert(list, type(ending) == "string" and {ending} or ending) end return list end -- Return the forms of `slot` according to its rule, or nil if the group has no rule for the slot. function NounRules:forms(slot) local cell = self:rule(slot) if not cell then return nil end local list = {} for _, ending in ipairs(cell_endings(cell)) do table.insert(list, self:form(ending.stem or "plain", ending[1], ending.note)) end return list end -- Return the alternation label for an ending given in an override of `slot`. If the ending is one of the rule's own -- endings, use that ending's label; otherwise use the label of the rule's first ending minus the softening that its -- ending brings (`palatal` before ''-e'', `virile` before the virile ''-i''/''-y''). This way ''dom'' with the locative -- ''-u'' gives ''domu'', and ''Polak'' with the nominative plural ''-owie'' gives ''Polakowie''. function NounRules:overrideLabel(slot, ending) local cell = self:rule(slot) local endings = cell and cell_endings(cell) or {} for _, item in ipairs(endings) do if item[1] == ending then return item.stem or "plain" end end local kept = {} for part in mw.text.gsplit(endings[1] and endings[1].stem or "plain", "+", true) do if part ~= "palatal" and part ~= "virile" and part ~= "irregular" and part ~= "plain" then table.insert(kept, part) end end return kept[1] and table.concat(kept, "+") or "plain" end --[==[ Object holding the rules of an adjective, with the methods of `NounRules`. The group comes from `adjective_groups` according to the ending of the lemma (one of `adjective_nominatives`). Adjectives take no stem indicators. ]==] local AdjectiveRules = setmetatable({}, {__index = NounRules}) AdjectiveRules.__index = AdjectiveRules function AdjectiveRules.new(base, word) local data = base.data local stem, nominative, group for _, ending in ipairs(data.adjective_nominatives) do stem = mw.ustring.match(word, "^(.+)" .. ending .. "$") if stem then nominative = ending group = data.adjective_groups["adj common sg " .. ending] break end end if not group then local endings = {} for _, ending in ipairs(data.adjective_nominatives) do table.insert(endings, "-" .. ending) end error(("'%s' doesn't end in %s; an irregular adjective takes <irreg>"):format(word, table.concat(endings, " or ")), 0) end return setmetatable({base = base, data = data, word = word, stem = stem, nominative = nominative, group = group, head_slot = "nom_m", labels = {}}, AdjectiveRules) end --[==[ Object holding the rules of a lect's paradigm, i.e. an entry of `lect_tables` with `table = "paradigm"`, such as Standard Kurpie (`lect:skur`). The paradigm is the table in the data named by the entry's `rules`. Its `types` decide the type of a lemma, and each type has one ending per slot. It answers the same calls from `decline_word` as `NounRules`. ]==] local ParadigmRules = {} ParadigmRules.__index = ParadigmRules -- Return the stem, type and declension (the gender whose endings it takes) of a lemma in `paradigm`, decided by its -- gender and ending (see `types` in the data). With `soft`, a stem whose last consonant can come from mazuration takes -- its entry's soft type. `name` is the name of the lect, for the error messages. local function paradigm_type(data, paradigm, name, word, gender, soft, text) for _, entry in ipairs(gender and paradigm.types[gender] or {}) do local stem = entry.ending == "" and word or mw.ustring.match(word, "^(.+)" .. entry.ending .. "$") if stem and not (entry.consonant_final and mw.ustring.find(word, "[" .. paradigm.vowels .. "]$")) then local final = final_consonant(data, stem) local type = entry.default for _, class in ipairs(entry.by_final or {}) do if paradigm[class[1]][final] then type = class[2] break end end if soft then if not entry.soft then spec_error(("In the %s rules, a %s noun like '%s' can't take 'soft'"):format(name, M.data.genders[gender].name, word), text) elseif type == entry.soft then spec_error(("The stem '%s' is soft already, so 'soft' isn't needed"):format(stem), text) elseif not paradigm.mazurated[final] then local finals = {} for consonant in pairs(paradigm.mazurated) do table.insert(finals, consonant) end table.sort(finals) spec_error(("'soft' needs a stem that ends in a consonant from mazuration (%s), unlike '%s'"):format( table.concat(finals, ", "), stem), text) end type = entry.soft end return stem, type, entry.declension or gender end end spec_error(("The %s rules have no %s noun like '%s'; give its forms as overrides"):format(name, gender and M.data.genders[gender].name or "genderless", word), text) end -- Return `stem` with the slanted vowel of its last syllable made clear by the `clear` table of `paradigm`, or by -- `clear_before_nasal` when one of its `nasals` follows the vowel. Return nil if that vowel isn't slanted. local function clear_vowel(paradigm, stem) local vowels = paradigm.vowels local following = mw.ustring.match(stem, "[" .. vowels .. "]([^" .. vowels .. "]?)[^" .. vowels .. "]*$") local before_nasal = paradigm.nasals and paradigm.nasals[following] and paradigm.clear_before_nasal return alternate(vowels, stem, before_nasal or paradigm.clear) end function ParadigmRules.new(base, word, paradigm, name) local data = base.data local plural = base.number == "pl" local stem, type, declension if plural then -- A plurale tantum is declined from its nominative plural, with the plural endings of its gender's hard stems. if not paradigm.plural_nominatives then spec_error(("The %s rules have no pluralia tantum"):format(name), base.text) end for _, ending in ipairs(paradigm.plural_nominatives) do stem = stem or mw.ustring.match(word, "^(.+)" .. ending .. "$") end if not stem then spec_error(("The %s rules have no plurale tantum like '%s'"):format(name, word), base.text) end if base.indicators.soft then spec_error(("In the %s rules, a plurale tantum can't take 'soft'"):format(name), base.text) end type, declension = "hard", base.gender or "n" else stem, type, declension = paradigm_type(data, paradigm, name, word, base.gender, base.indicators.soft, base.text) end local consonant_final = not plural and stem == word if declension == "m" and base.animacy ~= "inan" and paradigm.animate_types and paradigm.animate_types[type] then type = paradigm.animate_types[type] end if base.reducible then stem = reduce(data, stem) or spec_error(("The stem '%s' has no mobile e"):format(stem), base.text) end -- With `#`, the forms with an ending have the clear vowel of `clear_stem`. local clear_stem if base.quantity == "none" then spec_error(("The %s rules have no vowel alternation for '-#' to remove"):format(name), base.text) elseif base.quantity == "full" then if not paradigm.clear then spec_error(("The %s rules have no vowel alternation for '#'"):format(name), base.text) elseif not consonant_final then spec_error(("In the %s rules, '#' needs a lemma that ends in a consonant"):format(name), base.text) end clear_stem = clear_vowel(paradigm, stem) or spec_error(("The stem '%s' has no slanted vowel for '#' to make clear"):format(stem), base.text) end local endings = paradigm.nouns[declension][type] if plural then local plural_endings = {} for slot, ending in pairs(endings) do if mw.ustring.find(slot, "_p$") then plural_endings[slot] = ending end end endings = plural_endings end local copies = {} for slot, source in pairs(paradigm.copies[declension]) do copies[slot] = source end if base.gender == "m" then for slot, source in pairs(paradigm.animate_copies[base.animacy]) do copies[slot] = source end end return setmetatable({base = base, data = data, paradigm = paradigm, word = word, stem = stem, clear_stem = clear_stem, endings = endings, group = {copies = copies}, head_slot = plural and "nom_p" or "nom_s"}, ParadigmRules) end -- Return one form: the stem (with its clear vowel before an ending, under `#`), palatalized if `label` is `palatal` (by -- the paradigm's own `palatal` table), followed by the ending. After a hardened consonant, the first letter of the -- ending is respelled by `hardened_spelling`. function ParadigmRules:form(label, ending, note) local paradigm = self.paradigm local stem = self.clear_stem and ending ~= "" and self.clear_stem or self.stem if label == "palatal" then stem = replace_final(stem, paradigm.palatal) or stem end if paradigm.hardened and paradigm.hardened[final_consonant(self.data, stem)] then local respelled = paradigm.hardened_spelling and paradigm.hardened_spelling[mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, 1)] if respelled then ending = respelled .. mw.ustring.sub(ending, 2) end end return {form = stem .. ending, footnotes = note and {"[" .. self.data.notes[note] .. "]"} or nil} end function ParadigmRules:forms(slot) local cell = self.endings[slot] if not cell then return {} end if type(cell) == "string" then return {self:form("plain", cell)} end return {self:form(cell.stem or "plain", cell[1], cell.note)} end -- Return the stem label of a slot's rule. An ending given for the slot in an override goes on that stem. function ParadigmRules:overrideLabel(slot) local cell = self.endings[slot] return type(cell) == "table" and cell.stem or "plain" end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Declension -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Return the forms of a noun from the lexicon (`<irreg>`) or of an indeclinable noun (`<indecl>`). local function lexicon_forms(base, word) local forms = {} if base.indicators.irreg then local list = base.data.irregular_nouns[word] if not list then error(("'%s' is not one of the irregular nouns"):format(word), 0) end for i, slot in ipairs(base.data.slot_order) do forms[slot] = {{form = list[i]}} end elseif base.indicators.indecl then for _, slot in ipairs(base.data.slot_order) do forms[slot] = {{form = word}} end end return forms end -- Return the masculine nominative singular of an adjectival word given in another gender, using `adjective_lemma` in -- the data, e.g. ''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → ''tani'', ''bykowe'' → ''bykowy'', ''wielkie'' → -- ''wielki''. A plural such as ''Zjednoczone'' works the same way. local function adjective_lemma(data, word, rule_gender, plural) local lemma = data.adjective_lemma for _, ending in ipairs(lemma.endings[plural and "plural" or rule_gender] or {}) do local stem = mw.ustring.match(word, "^(.+)" .. ending[1] .. "$") if stem then return stem .. ((ending.soft or lemma.soft_after[mw.ustring.sub(stem, -1)]) and lemma.soft or lemma.hard) end end return word end --[==[ Return the masculine nominative singular that goes with a virile plural, e.g. ''krewni'' → ''krewny'', ''polscy'' → ''polski''. We try each word that the data's `palatal` table could have softened into the plural (before one of the `virile_endings`) and return the one whose virile nominative plural, as the adjective rules give it, is that plural. Return {nil} if there's none. ]==] local function virile_lemma(data, word) local adjective = {indicators = {}, overrides = {}, data = data} for final, softened in pairs(data.palatal) do for _, ending in ipairs(data.virile_endings) do local stem = mw.ustring.match(word, "^(.+)" .. softened .. ending .. "$") if stem then for _, nominative in ipairs(data.adjective_nominatives) do local lemma = stem .. final .. nominative local ok, rules = pcall(AdjectiveRules.new, adjective, lemma) if ok then for _, form in ipairs(rules:forms("nom_mp_pers")) do if form.form == word then return lemma end end end end end end end return nil end -- Return the forms of an adjective in a lect's paradigm (`lect:skur`): the endings of the paradigm's `adjective` added -- to the lemma minus its last letter, with the slots shared as for every adjective (`adjective_shared` in the data). local function paradigm_adjective_forms(data, paradigm, word) local stem = mw.ustring.sub(word, 1, -2) local forms = {nom_m = {{form = word}}} for slot, ending in pairs(paradigm.adjective) do forms[slot] = {{form = stem .. ending}} end for source, targets in pairs(data.adjective_shared) do for _, target in ipairs(targets) do forms[target] = forms[source] end end return forms end -- Return the forms of an adjectival word (`+`) in a lect's paradigm (`lect:skur`), in noun slots. Its masculine comes from -- the word as given: the word minus the paradigm's nominative ending for its gender and number, with ''-ï'' after one of -- the paradigm's `adjective_soft` consonants and ''-y'' otherwise. local function paradigm_adjectival_forms(base, word, rule_gender, plural) local data = base.data local paradigm = data[base.lect_table.rules] if not paradigm.adjective then spec_error(("The %s rules have no adjective declension"):format(base.lect_name), base.text) end local masculine = word if plural or rule_gender == "f" or rule_gender == "n" then local ending = paradigm.adjective[plural and (rule_gender == "m-pr" and "nom_mp_pers" or "nom_p_not_mp_pers") or "nom_" .. rule_gender] local stem = mw.ustring.match(word, "^(.+)" .. ending .. "$") or spec_error(("The adjectival word '%s' doesn't end in -%s"):format(word, ending), base.text) masculine = stem .. (paradigm.adjective_soft and paradigm.adjective_soft[final_consonant(data, stem)] and "ï" or "y") end local adjective = paradigm_adjective_forms(data, paradigm, masculine) for _, pair in ipairs(data.adjective_accusatives) do adjective[pair[2]] = adjective[pair[2]] or adjective[pair[1]] end local forms = {} for slot, adjective_slot in pairs(data.adjectival_slots[rule_gender]) do forms[slot] = adjective[adjective_slot] or {} end if rule_gender ~= "m-pr" then for slot, adjective_slot in pairs(data.adjectival_slots.plural) do forms[slot] = adjective[adjective_slot] or {} end end forms[plural and "nom_p" or "nom_s"] = {{form = word}} return forms end -- Return the forms of an adjectival word (`+`) in noun slots, using `adjectival_slots` in the data. local function adjectival_forms(base, word) local data = base.data local rule_gender = data.rule_gender[base.gender] if type(rule_gender) == "table" then rule_gender = rule_gender[base.animacy or "inan"] end local plural = base.number == "pl" if base.lect_table and base.lect_table.table == "paradigm" then return paradigm_adjectival_forms(base, word, rule_gender, plural) end local lemma = plural and rule_gender == "m-pr" and virile_lemma(data, word) or adjective_lemma(data, word, rule_gender, plural) local adjective = {lemma = lemma, indicators = {}, overrides = {}, data = data} local rules = AdjectiveRules.new(adjective, adjective.lemma) local function forms_of(slot) if slot == "nom_m" then return {{form = adjective.lemma}} end local source = rules.group.copies[slot] while source and rules.group.copies[source] do source = rules.group.copies[source] end if source == "nom_m" then return {{form = adjective.lemma}} end return rules:forms(source or slot) or {} end local forms = {} for slot, adjective_slot in pairs(data.adjectival_slots[rule_gender]) do forms[slot] = forms_of(adjective_slot) end if rule_gender ~= "m-pr" then for slot, adjective_slot in pairs(data.adjectival_slots.plural) do forms[slot] = forms_of(adjective_slot) end end -- The word as given heads its table. forms[plural and "nom_p" or "nom_s"] = {{form = word}} return forms end --[==[ Resolve the lect of a `lect:` indicator or a `[lect:CODE:PLACE]` tag through the aliases in the data module of the lects (`lect_module` in the language's data, which is [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]] for Polish). Return the code and the name of the lect. ]==] local function lect_of(data, code, text) local lects = mw.loadData(data.lect_module) code = lects.lect_aliases[code] or code local lect = lects.lects[code] if not lect then local codes = {} for known in pairs(lects.lects) do table.insert(codes, known) end table.sort(codes) spec_error(("Unrecognized lect '%s'; the lects are %s"):format(code, table.concat(codes, ", ")), text) end return code, lect.name end -- Return a footnote `[lect:CODE]` or `[lect:CODE:PLACE]` of a word of `base` as it's shown (the name of the lect, -- formatted as its label is, i.e. linked to the article on the dialect, followed by the place), along with the name of -- the lect. Return nil if the footnote isn't a lect tag. local function lect_footnote(base, footnote) local code, place = mw.ustring.match(footnote, "^%[lect:([^:%]]+):?(.-)%]$") if not code then return nil end local _, name = lect_of(base.data, code, base.text) local label = M.labels.get_label_info{label = name, lang = base.lang, nocat = true}.label return "[" .. label .. (place ~= "" and " (" .. place .. ")" or "") .. "]", name end -- Return the link target of a form of an attested lect, i.e. its modern spelling according to `respelling` (e.g. -- ''ptåka'' → ''ptaka''). Return nil if it's spelled the same. local function respelled(respelling, form) local target = mw.ustring.gsub(form, ".", respelling) return target ~= form and target or nil end -- Return a `generate_link` function for `show_forms` for the table of `spec`, which links a respelled form (one with a -- `target`) to its modern spelling. local function respelled_link(spec) return function(data) if data.form.target then return M.links.full_link{lang = spec.lang, term = data.form.target, alt = data.form.formval_for_link, tr = "-"} .. M.inflection_utilities.get_footnote_text(data.form.footnotes, data.footnote_obj) end end end --[==[ Return the forms of an attested table (Middle Polish `lect:mpl`, the `dialectal` table and every Old Polish table), which are the cells given, exactly as given, and nothing else. In a dialectal table, every form must have a lect, either from its own `[lect:...]` tag or from a tag given for the whole word. ]==] local function attested_forms(base) local forms = {} local word_lect, word_lect_name local word_footnotes = {} for _, note in ipairs(base.footnotes or {}) do local shown, name = lect_footnote(base, note) word_lect, word_lect_name = word_lect or shown, word_lect_name or name table.insert(word_footnotes, shown or note) end -- the forms with a lect tag of their own, which the lect tag of the word doesn't go on local own_lect = {} local respelling = base.lect_table and base.lect_table.respelling and base.data[base.lect_table.respelling] for slot, override in pairs(base.overrides) do if not override.full then spec_error(("An attested table takes whole forms: '%s:FORM'"):format(slot), base.text) end local list = {} for _, value in ipairs(override.values) do if value.form ~= "" then local footnotes, lect, lect_name = {}, nil, nil for _, note in ipairs(value.footnotes or {}) do local shown, name = lect_footnote(base, note) lect, lect_name = lect or shown, lect_name or name table.insert(footnotes, shown or note) end if base.indicators.dialectal then if not lect and not word_lect then spec_error(("The dialectal form '%s' needs [lect:CODE]"):format(value.form), base.text) end end -- `lect` is the name of the form's lect, which labels the form's definition line (see `form_tag_sets`). local form = { form = value.form, target = respelling and respelled(respelling, value.form) or nil, footnotes = footnotes[1] and footnotes or nil, lect = lect_name or word_lect_name, } own_lect[form] = lect and true or nil table.insert(list, form) end end forms[slot] = list end if base.footnotes then base.footnotes, base.word_lect, base.own_lect = word_footnotes, word_lect, own_lect end return forms end -- Return the entry of a pronoun in the data's `pronouns` along with the ending its forms take. This is the lemma's own -- entry (with no ending), or the entry of the pronoun it's made from plus one of the `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. -- ''cośkolwiek'' is ''co'' plus ''-śkolwiek''). local function pronoun_entry(data, lemma) local pronouns = data.pronouns if pronouns[lemma] then return pronouns[lemma], "" end for _, suffix in ipairs(data.pronoun_suffixes or {}) do local head = mw.ustring.match(lemma, "^(.+)" .. suffix .. "$") if head and pronouns[head] then return pronouns[head], suffix end end return nil end -- Return the forms of a pronoun (`<pron>`) with their notes. In an attested table (Old Polish), the forms given in the -- spec go on top of them. local function pronoun_forms(base, word) local data = base.data local pronoun, suffix = pronoun_entry(data, word) if not pronoun then local lemmas = {} for lemma in pairs(data.pronouns) do table.insert(lemmas, lemma) end table.sort(lemmas) local message = ("No pronoun '%s'; the pronouns are %s"):format(word, table.concat(lemmas, ", ")) if data.pronoun_suffixes then local suffixes = {} for _, item in ipairs(data.pronoun_suffixes) do table.insert(suffixes, "-" .. item) end message = message .. ", and these with " .. table.concat(suffixes, ", ") end spec_error(message, base.text) end base.pronoun = pronoun local forms = {} for slot, list in pairs(pronoun) do if slot ~= "numbers" and slot ~= "numberless" then forms[slot] = {} for _, item in ipairs(list) do local form = {form = (type(item) == "table" and item[1] or item) .. suffix} if type(item) == "table" then form.footnotes = {} for _, note in ipairs(item.notes) do table.insert(form.footnotes, "[" .. data.notes[note] .. "]") end end table.insert(forms[slot], form) end end end if base.attested then for slot, list in pairs(attested_forms(base)) do forms[slot] = list end end return forms end -- Return the rule of a numeral in `rules` (`numeral_rules` or `collective_rules` in the data), i.e. the rule of the -- longest key that the lemma ends in, along with the lemma minus that key. local function numeral_rule(rules, word, text) for length = mw.ustring.len(word), 0, -1 do local key = length == 0 and "" or mw.ustring.sub(word, -length) if rules[key] then return rules[key], mw.ustring.sub(word, 1, mw.ustring.len(word) - length) end end spec_error(("No numeral declines like '%s'"):format(word), text) end -- Return the forms of a numeral (`<num>`), i.e. the endings of its rule added to its stem. local function numeral_forms(rules, base, word) local rule, stem = numeral_rule(rules, word, base.text) local forms = {} for slot, cell in pairs(rule) do forms[slot] = {} for _, ending in ipairs(cell_endings(cell)) do table.insert(forms[slot], {form = stem .. ending[1], footnotes = ending.note and {"[" .. base.data.notes[ending.note] .. "]"} or nil}) end end return forms end --[==[ Add the footnotes given for the whole word (`base.footnotes`) after the footnotes of every form, as new form objects, since a copied slot shares the form objects of its source. In an attested table the word's lect tag (`base.word_lect`) only goes on the forms without a lect tag of their own (`base.own_lect`). Return the forms. ]==] local function add_word_footnotes(base, forms) if not base.footnotes then return forms end for slot, list in pairs(forms) do local copy = {} for _, form in ipairs(list) do local footnotes = {} for _, note in ipairs(form.footnotes or {}) do table.insert(footnotes, note) end for _, note in ipairs(base.footnotes) do if not (note == base.word_lect and base.own_lect[form]) then table.insert(footnotes, note) end end table.insert(copy, {form = form.form, footnotes = footnotes, target = form.target}) end forms[slot] = copy end return forms end --[==[ Decline a single word. This is the `inflect_word_spec` callback passed to [[Module:inflection utilities]]. First the rules fill every slot they cover. Then the overrides apply (an ending goes on the stem that the slot's rule uses, and a form replaces the cell), followed by the copies (unless a copy is overridden itself), the deprecative forms of a masculine personal noun (after its nominative plural, with a footnote) and finally the footnote for the whole word. ]==] local function decline_word(base) local word = base.indicators.decllemma or base.indicators.r or base.lemma local forms, rules if base.attested then base.forms = add_word_footnotes(base, base.indicators.pron and pronoun_forms(base, word) or attested_forms(base)) return elseif base.indicators.pron then forms = pronoun_forms(base, word) elseif base.indicators.num then forms = numeral_forms(base.data.collective_rules, base, word) elseif base.indicators.irreg or base.indicators.indecl then forms = lexicon_forms(base, word) elseif base.indicators["!"] then -- A manual table has only the forms its overrides give. forms = {} elseif base.indicators["+"] then forms = adjectival_forms(base, word) else rules = base.lect_table and base.lect_table.table == "paradigm" and ParadigmRules.new(base, word, base.data[base.lect_table.rules], base.lect_name) or NounRules.new(base, word) -- The lemma heads the table, even when another word is declined in its place (`decllemma`). forms = {[rules.head_slot] = {{form = base.lemma}}} -- The rules give the singular and the plural; only an attested table has the dual. for _, entry in ipairs(M.data.noun_slots) do local slot = entry.slot if entry.number ~= "d" and slot ~= rules.head_slot and not rules.group.copies[slot] then forms[slot] = rules:forms(slot) -- A form that is the declined word itself (e.g. an inanimate accusative) belongs to the lemma. for _, form in ipairs(forms[slot] or {}) do if form.form == word then form.form = base.lemma end end end end -- In a phrase the deprecative forms would agree with nothing (''pany młodzi''), so only a single word shows -- them. if not base.in_phrase then forms.depr_p = rules:forms("depr_p") end end for slot, override in pairs(base.overrides) do local list = {} local rule_forms = forms[slot] or {} for _, value in ipairs(override.values) do if value.default then for _, form in ipairs(rules and rules:forms(slot) or {}) do table.insert(list, form) end elseif override.full then if value.form ~= "" then local shown = {form = value.form, footnotes = value.footnotes} -- A whole form that the rules also give keeps their alternations for the categories (''ojca'' on -- ''ojciec''). for _, rule_form in ipairs(rule_forms) do if rule_form.form == value.form and rules and rules.labels then rules.labels[shown] = rules.labels[rule_form] end end table.insert(list, shown) end else local form = rules and rules:form(rules:overrideLabel(slot, value.form), value.form) or {form = word .. value.form} form.footnotes = value.footnotes table.insert(list, form) end end forms[slot] = list end if rules then -- A copy can copy another copy (e.g. the vocative of a feminine consonant-stem noun is its locative, which is -- its dative). Fill each one from the slot at the end of its chain, unless a slot along the way is overridden. local copies = rules.group.copies for slot in pairs(copies) do if not base.overrides[slot] then local source = copies[slot] while copies[source] and not base.overrides[source] do source = copies[source] end local list = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms[source] or {}) do table.insert(list, form) end forms[slot] = list end end end if forms.depr_p then forms.nom_p = forms.nom_p or {} -- A deprecative form that's the same as a virile form (e.g. ''zaklinacze'') isn't a separate form, so don't -- show it twice. local virile = {} for _, form in ipairs(forms.nom_p) do virile[form.form] = true end for _, form in ipairs(forms.depr_p) do if not virile[form.form] then local shown = {form = form.form, footnotes = form.footnotes or {"[" .. base.data.notes.deprecative .. "]"}} if rules and rules.labels then rules.labels[shown] = rules.labels[form] end table.insert(forms.nom_p, shown) end end forms.depr_p = nil end if rules and rules.labels then -- Collect the alternations of the forms the table shows, for its categories. A rule's form that an override -- replaced doesn't count, and neither does a form of a number the table doesn't show. rules.used = {} for slot, list in pairs(forms) do if not base.number or mw.ustring.sub(slot, -1) == mw.ustring.sub(base.number, 1, 1) then for _, form in ipairs(list) do for part in mw.text.gsplit(rules.labels[form] or "plain", "+", true) do rules.used[part] = true end end end end end base.forms = add_word_footnotes(base, forms) -- Keep the rules the forms came from, and the alternations they used, for the categories. base.rules = rules end -- Join an adjective stem and an ending. If the data's `adjective_dropped` says the last letter of the stem drops before -- the first letter of the ending, drop it (e.g. ''moj-'' + ''-ich'' → ''moich''). local function adjective_form(data, stem, ending) local before = data.adjective_dropped[mw.ustring.sub(stem, -1)] if before and mw.ustring.sub(ending, 1, mw.ustring.len(before)) == before then return mw.ustring.sub(stem, 1, -2) .. ending end return stem .. ending end -- Return the forms of an irregular adjective from `irregular_adjectives`, along with the layout of the table it needs -- (nil, `dwa` or `plonly`). local function irregular_adjective_forms(base, word) local data = base.data for _, entry in ipairs(data.irregular_adjectives) do local captured = mw.ustring.match(word, entry.pattern) if captured or entry.stem and mw.ustring.find(word, entry.pattern) then local forms = {} local function add(slot, stem, endings, note) if type(endings) == "string" then endings = {endings} end for _, ending in ipairs(endings or {}) do forms[slot] = forms[slot] or {} local form = ending == "-" and base.lemma or adjective_form(data, stem, ending) table.insert(forms[slot], {form = form, footnotes = note and {"[" .. note .. "]"} or nil}) end end if entry.table ~= "dwa" then add("nom_m", nil, "-") end for _, set in ipairs(entry.sets) do local stem = (entry.stem or captured) .. (set.add or "") for slot, endings in pairs(set.endings or {}) do add(slot, stem, endings, set.note) for _, target in ipairs(data.adjective_shared[slot] or {}) do add(target, stem, endings, set.note) end end for slot, endings in pairs(set.own or {}) do add(slot, stem, endings, set.note) end if set.archaic_dative and base.indicators.archdat then add("dat_mn", stem, set.archaic_dative, data.notes[data.archaic_dative.note]) end end return forms, entry.table end end error(("Unrecognized irregular adjective '%s'"):format(word), 0) end --[==[ Decline a single adjective. This is the `inflect_word_spec` callback passed to [[Module:inflection utilities]] for {{tl|pl-adecl}}. The rules (or the lexicon of irregular adjectives) fill the slots; then the overrides apply, followed by the accusatives taken from other slots (unless overridden) and the footnote for the whole word. An attested table has the cells given and nothing else. ]==] local function decline_adjective_word(base) local data = base.data local word = base.indicators.decllemma or base.lemma local forms, layout if base.attested then -- The cells given and nothing else, with the dual columns if `du` is given. forms, layout = attested_forms(base), base.indicators.du and "dual" or nil elseif base.indicators.irreg then forms, layout = irregular_adjective_forms(base, word) elseif base.indicators.lect then local paradigm = data[data.lect_tables[base.indicators.lect].rules] if not paradigm.adjective then spec_error(("The %s rules have no adjective declension"):format(base.lect_name), base.text) end forms = paradigm_adjective_forms(data, paradigm, word) -- With `decllemma`, the lemma itself heads the table (''båbcyn'' declined as ''båbcyny''). forms.nom_m = {{form = base.lemma}} elseif base.indicators.num then forms, layout = numeral_forms(data.numeral_rules, base, word), "plonly" else local rules = AdjectiveRules.new(base, word) -- With `decllemma`, the lemma itself still heads the table (''wart'' declined as ''warty''). forms = {nom_m = {{form = base.lemma}}} for _, slot in ipairs(data.adjective_slots) do if slot ~= "nom_m" and slot ~= "short" and not rules.group.copies[slot] then forms[slot] = rules:forms(slot) end end if base.indicators.archdat then local archaic = data.archaic_dative table.insert(forms.dat_mn, {form = rules.stem .. archaic[1], footnotes = {"[" .. data.notes[archaic.note] .. "]"}}) end -- Keep the slots that every adjective shares as copies, so that an override of the source carries over. for slot, source in pairs(rules.group.copies) do local accusative = mw.ustring.find(slot, "^acc") if not accusative and not base.overrides[slot] then forms[slot] = forms[source] end end end if not base.attested then for slot, override in pairs(base.overrides) do local list = {} for _, value in ipairs(override.values) do if value.form ~= "" then table.insert(list, {form = value.form, footnotes = value.footnotes}) end end forms[slot] = list end for _, pair in ipairs(data.adjective_accusatives) do local source, target = pair[1], pair[2] if not base.overrides[target] and forms[source] and not (base.indicators.irreg and forms[target]) then forms[target] = forms[source] end end end base.forms = add_word_footnotes(base, forms) base.layout = layout end -- Return the attested tables there are for `template` (`noun` or `adjective`), for the error messages: those of the -- language's attested lects and its dialectal table, plus the templates of the languages whose tables of that kind are -- all attested. local function attested_tables(data, template) local tables = {} local codes = {} for code, lect_table in pairs(data.lect_tables or {}) do if lect_table.table == "attested" then table.insert(codes, code) end end table.sort(codes) for _, code in ipairs(codes) do table.insert(tables, "<lect:" .. code .. ">") end if data.indicators[template].dialectal then table.insert(tables, "<dialectal>") end local languages = {} for code, language in pairs(M.data.languages) do if language[template] then table.insert(languages, code) end end table.sort(languages) for _, code in ipairs(languages) do if mw.loadData("Module:zlw-lch-decl/data/" .. code).attested then table.insert(tables, "{{" .. M.data.languages[code][template] .. "}}") end end return table.concat(tables, ", ") end -- Work out the table a base is for: its lect (`lect:CODE`), and whether the table is attested, i.e. has only the cells -- given (for an attested lect, the dialectal table, or a language whose tables are all attested). Throw an error if -- `recon` or `du` is given for a table that isn't attested, `soft` for a table without its lect's own rules, if a lect -- tag appears outside the dialectal table, or if a dual slot is given without `du`. local function resolve_table(base) local data = base.data if base.indicators.lect then base.indicators.lect, base.lect_name = lect_of(data, base.indicators.lect, base.text) base.lect_table = data.lect_tables[base.indicators.lect] if not base.lect_table then local codes = {} for code in pairs(data.lect_tables) do table.insert(codes, code) end table.sort(codes) spec_error(("The lect '%s' has no table of its own (the lects with one are %s); give its forms in a " .. "<dialectal> table"):format(base.indicators.lect, table.concat(codes, ", ")), base.text) end end base.attested = data.attested or base.indicators.dialectal or base.lect_table and base.lect_table.table == "attested" or nil for _, name in ipairs({"recon", "du"}) do if base.indicators[name] and not base.attested then spec_error(("Only an attested table (%s) takes '%s'"):format(attested_tables(data, base.template), name), base.text) end end if base.indicators.soft and not (base.lect_table and base.lect_table.table == "paradigm") then local codes = {} for code, lect_table in pairs(data.lect_tables) do if lect_table.table == "paradigm" then table.insert(codes, "<lect:" .. code .. ">") end end table.sort(codes) spec_error(("Only a lect with rules of its own (%s) takes 'soft'"):format(table.concat(codes, ", ")), base.text) end -- A form of a lect can only be tagged in the dialectal table, so that none ends up among the standard forms. if not base.indicators.dialectal then local function check(footnotes) for _, footnote in ipairs(footnotes or {}) do if mw.ustring.find(footnote, "^%[lect:") then spec_error(("A lect's form (%s) belongs in a <dialectal> table"):format(footnote), base.text) end end end check(base.footnotes) for _, override in pairs(base.overrides) do for _, value in ipairs(override.values) do check(value.footnotes) end end end if not base.indicators.du then for slot in pairs(base.overrides) do if mw.ustring.find(slot, "_d$") then spec_error(("The dual slot '%s' needs the indicator 'du'"):format(slot), base.text) end end end end -- Set the fields of a base that the rules use, based on its indicators. local function normalize_base(base) base.gender = base:group("gender") base.animacy = base:group("animacy") base.number = base:group("number") base.kind = base:group("kind") if base.indicators["*"] then base.reducible = true elseif base.indicators["-*"] then base.reducible = false end base.quantity = base.indicators["#"] and "full" or base.indicators["-#"] and "none" or nil if base.gender == "m" and not base.animacy then base.animacy = "inan" end resolve_table(base) -- `r:` gives the rules the word as it's read, so it needs a noun that the rules decline. if base.indicators.r and (base:group("type") or base.attested or base.lect_table) then spec_error("The indicator 'r' needs a noun that the rules decline", base.text) end end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Output -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ Object to render the declined words as a table with [[Module:inflection-table]], with a column for each number shown and a row for each case. Each row has a `data-case` attribute so that scripts can reorder the cases. The cells come from `show_forms` in [[Module:inflection utilities]], linked with accelerators for the lemma, and the footnotes go under the table. ]==] local TableRenderer = {} TableRenderer.__index = TableRenderer function TableRenderer.new(spec) return setmetatable({spec = spec}, TableRenderer) end function TableRenderer:numbers() local numbers = {} for _, number in ipairs(M.data.numbers) do if self.spec.numbers[number.code] then table.insert(numbers, number) end end return numbers end -- Return the title of a table: `title=` if given, otherwise what the table is (e.g. "Declension of " or "Attested -- Middle Polish forms of ") followed by its head, unlinked. `suffix` follows the default title (`default_kind` and the -- lemma), e.g. the declension kinds of an adjective. function TableRenderer:title(default_kind, suffix) local spec = self.spec if spec.title then return spec.title end local kind, head = default_kind, spec.forms.lemma if spec.kind_title then kind, head, suffix = spec.kind_title[1], spec.kind_title[2] or head, nil end return kind .. M.links.full_link({lang = spec.lang, alt = head}, "term") .. (suffix or "") end -- Return the first lines of a table titled `title`: the frame from [[Module:inflection-table]], with its first row -- opened. function TableRenderer:top(title) return {M.inflection_table.make_top{ title = title, palette = "blue", tall = "yes", lang = self.spec.lang:getCode(), }} end -- Close the table in `lines` with its footnotes and categories, and return its wikitext. function TableRenderer:finish(lines) local spec = self.spec table.insert(lines, M.inflection_table.make_bottom{notes = spec.forms.footnote or ""}) if spec.categories[1] and not spec.nocat then table.insert(lines, M.utilities.format_categories(spec.categories, spec.lang)) end return table.concat(lines, "\n") end function TableRenderer:render() local spec = self.spec local numbers = self:numbers() local slot_list = {} for _, case in ipairs(M.data.cases) do for _, number in ipairs(numbers) do -- A table with one number doesn't name it in its accelerators, and an attested or lect table has none -- ("-"). local accel = (spec.attested or spec.lect) and "-" or #numbers > 1 and case.accel .. "|" .. number.accel or case.accel table.insert(slot_list, {case.code .. "_" .. number.code, accel}) end end M.inflection_utilities.show_forms(spec.forms, { lang = spec.lang, lemmas = spec.lemmas, slot_list = slot_list, -- A Middle Polish form links to its modern spelling. generate_link = respelled_link(spec), }) local lines = self:top(self:title("Biến cách của ")) -- make_top has already opened the first row. table.insert(lines, '! class="outer" |') for _, number in ipairs(numbers) do -- A numberless pronoun (e.g. ''siebie'') has an empty header over its one column. table.insert(lines, '! class="outer" | ' .. (spec.numberless and "" or number.name)) end for _, case in ipairs(M.data.cases) do table.insert(lines, ('|- data-case="%s"'):format(case.code)) table.insert(lines, ('! title="%s" | %s'):format(spec.data.case_titles[case.code], case.name)) for _, number in ipairs(numbers) do local cell = spec.forms[case.code .. "_" .. number.code] table.insert(lines, "| " .. (cell or "—")) end end return self:finish(lines) end --[==[ The rows of an adjective table, by layout. Each row is a case and its cells, and each cell is a slot and the number of columns it spans. The regular table has the masculine animate, masculine inanimate, feminine and neuter singular, then the virile and non-virile plural, as in the former [[Module:pl-adjective]]. The dual table (an attested table with `du`) puts the dual, masculine and feminine/neuter, between them. ]==] local ADJECTIVE_LAYOUTS = { regular = { columns = { {"singular", 4, {"masculine animate", "masculine inanimate", "feminine", "neuter"}}, {"plural", 2, {"virile (= masculine personal)", "non-virile"}}, }, rows = { {"nom", "nominative/<wbr />vocative", {{"nom_m", 2}, {"nom_f"}, {"nom_n"}, {"nom_mp_pers"}, {"nom_p_not_mp_pers"}}}, {"gen", "genitive", {{"gen_mn", 2}, {"gen_f"}, {"gen_mn"}, {"gen_p", 2}}}, {"dat", "dative", {{"dat_mn", 2}, {"dat_f"}, {"dat_mn"}, {"dat_p", 2}}}, {"acc", "accusative", {{"acc_m_an"}, {"acc_m_in"}, {"acc_f"}, {"acc_n"}, {"acc_mp_pers"}, {"acc_p_not_mp_pers"}}}, {"ins", "instrumental", {{"ins_mn", 2}, {"ins_f"}, {"ins_mn"}, {"ins_p", 2}}}, {"loc", "locative", {{"loc_mn", 2}, {"loc_f"}, {"loc_mn"}, {"loc_p", 2}}}, }, }, plonly = { columns = { {"plural", 2, {"virile (= masculine personal)", "non-virile"}}, }, rows = { {"nom", "nominative/<wbr />vocative", {{"nom_mp_pers"}, {"nom_p_not_mp_pers"}}}, {"gen", "genitive", {{"gen_p", 2}}}, {"dat", "dative", {{"dat_p", 2}}}, {"acc", "accusative", {{"acc_mp_pers"}, {"acc_p_not_mp_pers"}}}, {"ins", "instrumental", {{"ins_p", 2}}}, {"loc", "locative", {{"loc_p", 2}}}, }, }, -- an attested table with the dual (`du`), between the singular and the plural dual = { columns = { {"singular", 4, {"masculine animate", "masculine inanimate", "feminine", "neuter"}}, {"dual", 2, {"masculine", "feminine/<wbr />neuter"}}, {"plural", 2, {"virile (= masculine personal)", "non-virile"}}, }, rows = { {"nom", "nominative/<wbr />vocative", {{"nom_m", 2}, {"nom_f"}, {"nom_n"}, {"nom_m_d"}, {"nom_fn_d"}, {"nom_mp_pers"}, {"nom_p_not_mp_pers"}}}, {"gen", "genitive", {{"gen_mn", 2}, {"gen_f"}, {"gen_mn"}, {"gen_d", 2}, {"gen_p", 2}}}, {"dat", "dative", {{"dat_mn", 2}, {"dat_f"}, {"dat_mn"}, {"dat_d", 2}, {"dat_p", 2}}}, {"acc", "accusative", {{"acc_m_an"}, {"acc_m_in"}, {"acc_f"}, {"acc_n"}, {"acc_m_d"}, {"acc_fn_d"}, {"acc_mp_pers"}, {"acc_p_not_mp_pers"}}}, {"ins", "instrumental", {{"ins_mn", 2}, {"ins_f"}, {"ins_mn"}, {"ins_d", 2}, {"ins_p", 2}}}, {"loc", "locative", {{"loc_mn", 2}, {"loc_f"}, {"loc_mn"}, {"loc_d", 2}, {"loc_p", 2}}}, }, }, dwa = { columns = { {"plural", 4, {"masculine personal", "masculine non-personal", "feminine", "neuter"}}, }, rows = { {"nom", "nominative/<wbr />vocative", {{"nom_mp_pers"}, {"nom_mp_npers"}, {"nom_fp"}, {"nom_np"}}}, {"gen", "genitive", {{"gen_p", 4}}}, {"dat", "dative", {{"dat_p", 4}}}, {"acc", "accusative", {{"acc_mp_pers"}, {"acc_mp_npers"}, {"acc_fp"}, {"acc_np"}}}, {"ins", "instrumental", {{"ins_mnp", 2}, {"ins_fp"}, {"ins_mnp"}}}, {"loc", "locative", {{"loc_p", 4}}}, }, }, } function TableRenderer:renderAdjective() local spec = self.spec local layout = ADJECTIVE_LAYOUTS[spec.layout] local slot_list = {} for slot, accel in pairs(ADJECTIVE_ACCEL) do table.insert(slot_list, {slot, (spec.lect or spec.attested) and "-" or accel}) end table.sort(slot_list, function(a, b) return a[1] < b[1] end) M.inflection_utilities.show_forms(spec.forms, { lang = spec.lang, lemmas = spec.lemmas, slot_list = slot_list, generate_link = respelled_link(spec), }) local lines = self:top(self:title("Biến cách của ", spec.kinds[1] and " (" .. table.concat(spec.kinds, " // ") .. ")" or nil)) -- make_top has already opened the first row. Add the number headers, then the gender headers. table.insert(lines, '! class="outer" rowspan="2" |') for _, column in ipairs(layout.columns) do table.insert(lines, ('! class="outer" colspan="%d" | %s'):format(column[2], column[1])) end table.insert(lines, "|- class=\"secondary\"") for _, column in ipairs(layout.columns) do for _, header in ipairs(column[3]) do table.insert(lines, "! " .. header) end end for _, row in ipairs(layout.rows) do table.insert(lines, ('|- data-case="%s"'):format(row[1])) table.insert(lines, "! " .. row[2]) for _, cell in ipairs(row[3]) do local span = cell[2] and ('colspan="%d" | '):format(cell[2]) or "" table.insert(lines, "| " .. span .. (spec.forms[cell[1]] or "—")) end end if spec.forms.short and spec.forms.short ~= "—" then table.insert(lines, '|- data-case="short"') table.insert(lines, "! short") table.insert(lines, '| colspan="2" | ' .. spec.forms.short) end return self:finish(lines) end ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The call -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ Decline a noun call without a frame. `args` are the template's arguments (`1` is the spec, along with `title` and `nocat`), `pagename` is the page the call is on and `lang_code` is the language code (`pl` or `zlw-opl`). Return the alternant multiword spec from [[Module:inflection utilities]], with the fields `forms` (a table mapping each slot to a list of form objects), `numbers` (a set of `s`, `d` and `p`), `categories`, `title` and `nocat`. ]==] function export.decline_noun(args, pagename, lang_code) local data, lang = language_of(lang_code, "noun") -- The angle brackets are omittable, so a bare word would be read as an indicator; with no spec, decline the page -- name with no indicators. local spec_text = args[1] or "" local parse_props = { parse_indicator_spec = function(angle_bracket_spec) local base = Spec.parse(angle_bracket_spec, "noun", data, lang) normalize_base(base) return base end, allow_blank_lemma = true, angle_brackets_omittable = true, } local spec = M.inflection_utilities.parse_inflected_text(spec_text, parse_props) local number, noun local word_count = 0 M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function() word_count = word_count + 1 end) M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function(base) if base.lemma == "" then base.lemma = pagename end -- An irregular noun has the gender and animacy of its lexicon entry. They're used if the spec gives none, and -- giving others is an error. local irregular = base.indicators.irreg and data.irregular_nouns[base.indicators.decllemma or base.lemma] if irregular then if base.gender and (base.gender ~= irregular.gender or base.animacy ~= irregular.animacy) then spec_error(("The irregular noun '%s' is <%s>"):format(base.lemma, irregular.gender .. (irregular.animacy and "." .. irregular.animacy or "")), base.text) end base.gender, base.animacy = irregular.gender, irregular.animacy end base.in_phrase = word_count > 1 and #spec.alternant_or_word_specs > 1 or nil number = number or base.number if not base.indicators["+"] and base.gender then noun = noun or base end end) -- An adjectival word (`+`) agrees with the noun of the phrase, taking whatever gender, animacy and number it -- doesn't give itself. M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function(base) if base.indicators["+"] and noun then base.gender = base.gender or noun.gender if base.gender == noun.gender then base.animacy = base.animacy or noun.animacy end base.number = base.number or noun.number end if base.indicators["+"] and not base.gender then error(("The adjectival word '%s' needs a gender, or a noun in the phrase"):format(base.lemma), 0) end end) local slot_list = {} for _, entry in ipairs(M.data.noun_slots) do table.insert(slot_list, {entry.slot, entry.slot}) end M.inflection_utilities.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(spec, { slot_list = slot_list, inflect_word_spec = decline_word, }) local first M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function(base) first = first or base end) spec.lang = lang spec.data = data spec.numbers = number == "sg" and {s = true} or number == "pl" and {p = true} or {s = true, p = true} if first.indicators.du then spec.numbers.d = true end -- A collective numeral has only the plural. if first.indicators.num then spec.numbers = {p = true} end if first.pronoun then spec.numbers = {} for _, number_code in ipairs(first.pronoun.numbers) do spec.numbers[number_code] = true end spec.numberless = first.pronoun.numberless end spec.categories = {} -- Only a table of the standard language is categorized; for the lects, the labels of the entry do that. if not first.attested and not first.indicators.lect then local function add(name, ...) table.insert(spec.categories, data.categories[name]:format(...) .. " " .. lang:getCanonicalName()) end if number == "sg" then add("singularia_tantum") elseif number == "pl" then add("pluralia_tantum") end if word_count == 1 then local indicators = first.indicators if indicators.irreg then add("irregular") elseif indicators.indecl then add("indeclinable") elseif indicators["+"] then add("adjectival") elseif first.rules and first.rules.used then local final = final_consonant(data, first.rules.stem) local stem_type = data.stem_types.velar[final] and "âm vòm" or data.stem_types.soft[final] and "mềm" or "cứng" local gender = data.category_genders[first.gender] if type(gender) == "table" then gender = gender[first.animacy] end -- A plurale tantum has no gender to tell apart, except for a personal one. if gender and (number ~= "pl" or first.animacy == "pr") then add("stem", stem_type, gender) end local reducible = false for part in pairs(first.rules.used) do reducible = reducible or is_mobile(part) end if reducible then add("reducible") end local used = first.rules.used if used.shortened or used.lengthened then add("quantitative") end end end end -- An attested table says what it attests in its title. Its head is the nominative given, or the reconstructed one -- starred. spec.attested = first.attested local head if first.attested then local nominative = spec.forms[number == "pl" and "nom_p" or "nom_s"] head = first.indicators.recon and "*" .. first.indicators.recon or nominative and nominative[1] and M.links.remove_links(nominative[1].form) or nil end spec.lect = first.indicators.lect if first.indicators.lect then -- A paradigm's table is headed by the lemma, and an attested one by its nominative. spec.kind_title = {data.lect_titles[first.indicators.lect], first.attested and head or nil} elseif first.indicators.dialectal then spec.kind_title = {data.lect_titles.dialectal, head} elseif data.attested then spec.kind_title = {"Biến cách của ", head} end spec.title = args.title spec.nocat = args.nocat spec.lemmas = {pagename} return spec end -- Return the kind of declension of an adjective, for its title and category: `irregular`, or the kind of the first -- entry in the data's `adjective_kinds` that its lemma matches (hard ''-y'', velar ''-ki'' and ''-gi'', or soft). local function adjective_kind(base) if base.indicators.irreg then return "irregular" end local word = base.indicators.decllemma or base.lemma for _, kind in ipairs(base.data.adjective_kinds) do if mw.ustring.find(word, kind[1]) then return kind[2] end end end --[==[ Decline an adjective call without a frame. `args` are the template's arguments (`1` is the spec, along with `title` and `nocat`), `pagename` is the page the call is on and `lang_code` is the language code (`pl`). Return the alternant multiword spec from [[Module:inflection utilities]], with the fields `forms`, `layout` (`regular`, `plonly`, `dwa` or `dual`), `kinds` (the declension kinds of its words), `pos` (the part of speech of the table, from `pos:` on one of its words), `categories`, `title` and `nocat`. ]==] function export.decline_adjective(args, pagename, lang_code) local data, lang = language_of(lang_code, "adjective") local parse_props = { parse_indicator_spec = function(angle_bracket_spec) return Spec.parse(angle_bracket_spec, "adjective", data, lang) end, allow_default_indicator = true, allow_blank_lemma = true, } local spec = M.inflection_utilities.parse_inflected_text(args[1] or pagename, parse_props) M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function(base) if base.lemma == "" then base.lemma = pagename end base.lemma = M.links.remove_links(base.lemma) -- The part of speech belongs to the whole table, so only one word may give it. local pos = base.indicators.pos if pos then if not data.parts_of_speech[pos] then local names = {} for name in pairs(data.parts_of_speech) do table.insert(names, name) end table.sort(names) spec_error(("Unrecognized part of speech '%s'; the parts of speech are %s"):format(pos, table.concat(names, ", ")), base.text) elseif spec.pos then spec_error("The part of speech ('pos:') is given on more than one word", base.text) end spec.pos = pos end resolve_table(base) end) local slot_list = {} for slot in pairs(ADJECTIVE_ACCEL) do table.insert(slot_list, {slot, slot}) end table.sort(slot_list, function(a, b) return a[1] < b[1] end) M.inflection_utilities.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(spec, { slot_list = slot_list, inflect_word_spec = decline_adjective_word, }) spec.pos = spec.pos or "adjective" local plural_pos = data.parts_of_speech[spec.pos] spec.layout, spec.kinds, spec.categories = "regular", {}, {} local seen = {} M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function(base) -- A lect's table names its lect and isn't categorized, and neither is a numeral's. An attested table is headed -- by the masculine nominative given, or the reconstructed lemma starred. if base.attested then local nominative = spec.forms.nom_m spec.attested = true spec.lect = base.indicators.lect spec.kind_title = {data.lect_titles[spec.lect or "dialectal"], base.indicators.recon and "*" .. base.indicators.recon or nominative and nominative[1] and M.links.remove_links(nominative[1].form) or nil} spec.layout = base.layout or base.indicators.plonly and "plonly" or spec.layout return elseif base.indicators.lect then spec.lect = base.indicators.lect spec.kind_title = {data.lect_titles[spec.lect]} return elseif base.indicators.num then spec.layout = base.layout return end local function add(name, ...) table.insert(spec.categories, data.categories[name]:format(...) .. " " .. lang:getCanonicalName()) end local kind = adjective_kind(base) if not seen[kind] then seen[kind] = true table.insert(spec.kinds, kind) add("adjective_kind", kind, plural_pos) end if base.overrides.short then add("short_forms", plural_pos) end if base.indicators.decllemma then add("irregular_stem", plural_pos) end if base.layout or base.indicators.plonly then spec.layout = base.layout or "plonly" end end) spec.title = args.title spec.nocat = args.nocat spec.lang = lang spec.lemmas = {pagename} return spec end -- For each part of speech of a form template such as {{tl|pl-head}}, the entry points whose tables give its forms. local FORM_ENTRIES = { ["noun forms"] = {"danh từ"}, ["proper noun forms"] = {"danh từ"}, ["adjective forms"] = {"tính từ"}, ["participle forms"] = {"tính từ"}, ["pronoun forms"] = {"danh từ", "tính từ"}, ["numeral forms"] = {"danh từ", "tính từ"}, } -- Return the templates whose tables give the forms of the part of speech `pos` (e.g. `noun forms`) in the language -- `lang_code`, each with its entry point (`noun` or `adjective`). local function form_templates(pos, lang_code) local entries = FORM_ENTRIES[pos] or error(("Unrecognized part of speech '%s'"):format(pos), 0) local entry_templates = M.data.languages[lang_code] or error(("Unrecognized language '%s'"):format(lang_code), 0) local templates = {} for _, entry in ipairs(entries) do local template = entry_templates[entry] if template then templates[template] = entry end end return templates end --[==[ Return the tag sets of `pagename` as a form of `lemma` in the language `lang_code`, from the declension calls on the lemma's page. `calls` is a list of `{template = NAME, args = ARGS}`, and `pos` is the part of speech of the form (e.g. `noun forms`), which determines the templates to read: those of its entry points in `FORM_ENTRIES`, as named in `languages` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl/data]]. `slots` and `noslots`, if given, are sets of slot names to keep or leave out. A call that doesn't decline is skipped. Each form object in a slot that the table shows and whose form is `pagename` gives one tag set `{tags = {...}, labels = {...}}`, in the order of the table. For a noun, the tags are the case and number of the slot; for an adjective, the tags of the slot in `ADJECTIVE_ACCEL`, and a nominative slot gives a vocative tag set as well, after all the others, since the table shows the two cases as one row. The labels are the lect of the table or of the form, followed by the form's usage notes (`notes` in the language's data module). So a form that is plain in one slot and labelled in another gives tag sets with different labels. ]==] function export.form_tag_sets(pagename, lemma, calls, pos, lang_code, slots, noslots) local templates = form_templates(pos, lang_code) local language = mw.loadData("Module:zlw-lch-decl/data/" .. lang_code) local usage_notes = {} for _, note in pairs(language.notes or {}) do usage_notes["[" .. note .. "]"] = note end local tag_sets = {} local function add(slot, form, tags, table_lect) if form.form ~= pagename or slots and not slots[slot] or noslots and noslots[slot] then return end local labels = {} if table_lect then table.insert(labels, table_lect) end if form.lect and form.lect ~= table_lect then table.insert(labels, form.lect) end for _, footnote in ipairs(form.footnotes or {}) do if usage_notes[footnote] then table.insert(labels, usage_notes[footnote]) end end table.insert(tag_sets, {tags = tags, labels = labels}) end for _, call in ipairs(calls) do local entry = templates[call.template] local ok, spec = false, nil if entry == "noun" then ok, spec = pcall(export.decline_noun, call.args, lemma, lang_code) elseif entry == "adjective" then ok, spec = pcall(export.decline_adjective, call.args, lemma, lang_code) end if ok then local table_lect M.inflection_utilities.map_word_specs(spec, function(base) table_lect = table_lect or base.lect_name end) if entry == "noun" then for _, case in ipairs(M.data.cases) do for _, number in ipairs(M.data.numbers) do -- Only the numbers that the table shows: a singulare tantum still has plural forms, which it -- doesn't show. local slot = case.code .. "_" .. number.code for _, form in ipairs(spec.numbers[number.code] and spec.forms[slot] or {}) do add(slot, form, {case.accel, number.accel}, table_lect) end end end else -- Only the slots that the table's layout shows. local shown, seen = {}, {} for _, row in ipairs(ADJECTIVE_LAYOUTS[spec.layout].rows) do for _, cell in ipairs(row[3]) do if not seen[cell[1]] then seen[cell[1]] = true table.insert(shown, cell[1]) end end end table.insert(shown, "short") local vocatives = {} for _, slot in ipairs(shown) do for _, form in ipairs(spec.forms[slot] or {}) do local tags = mw.text.split(ADJECTIVE_ACCEL[slot], "|", true) add(slot, form, tags, table_lect) for i, tag in ipairs(tags) do if tag == "nom" then local vocative = mw.clone(tags) vocative[i] = "voc" table.insert(vocatives, {slot, form, vocative}) end end end end for _, vocative in ipairs(vocatives) do add(vocative[1], vocative[2], vocative[3], table_lect) end end end end return tag_sets end -- Return the section of the wikitext `text` for the language named `name` (its level-two heading), or {nil} if there -- is none. local function language_section(text, name) local lines, inside = {}, false for line in mw.text.gsplit(text, "\n", true) do if mw.ustring.find(line, "^==[^=].*[^=]==%s*$") then inside = mw.ustring.match(line, "^==%s*(.-)%s*==%s*$") == name elseif inside then table.insert(lines, line) end end return lines[1] and table.concat(lines, "\n") or nil end --[==[ Return the definition lines of the page `pagename` as a form of each lemma in `lemmas`, for the form template of the language `lang` (a code), e.g. {{tl|pl-head}}. For each lemma, the tag sets come from the declension calls in the language's section of the lemma's page (see `form_tag_sets`, for the part of speech `pos`). They are grouped by their labels, the unlabelled group first; the tag sets of each group are combined into multipart tags by [[Module:accel]] and written as one line by [[Module:form of]], with the labels in front. The lines are joined by `"\n# "`. `slots` and `noslots` are comma-separated slot names to keep or leave out, and `gloss` is a gloss of the lemma. Throw an error if `pagename` is not a form of any of the lemmas. ]==] function export.form_definition(args) local lang = M.languages.getByCode(args.lang) local function slot_set(list) return list and M.table.listToSet(mw.text.split(list, "%s*,%s*")) or nil end local slots, noslots = slot_set(args.slots), slot_set(args.noslots) local singular_pos = mw.ustring.gsub(args.pos, "s$", "") local templates = form_templates(args.pos, args.lang) local lines = {} for _, lemma in ipairs(args.lemmas) do local title = mw.title.new(lemma) local section = title and title:getContent() and language_section(title:getContent(), lang:getCanonicalName()) if not section then error(("[[%s]] has no %s section"):format(lemma, lang:getCanonicalName()), 0) end local calls = {} for template in M.template_parser.find_templates(section) do local name = template:get_name() if templates[name] then table.insert(calls, {template = name, args = template:get_arguments()}) end end local groups, order = {}, {} for _, tag_set in ipairs(export.form_tag_sets(args.pagename, lemma, calls, args.pos, args.lang, slots, noslots)) do local key = table.concat(tag_set.labels, "|") if not groups[key] then groups[key] = {labels = tag_set.labels, tag_sets = {}, seen = {}} table.insert(order, key == "" and 1 or #order + 1, key) end local tags = table.concat(tag_set.tags, "|") if not groups[key].seen[tags] then groups[key].seen[tags] = true table.insert(groups[key].tag_sets, {tags = tag_set.tags}) end end for _, key in ipairs(order) do local group = groups[key] local line = M.form_of.tagged_inflections { lang = lang, tag_sets = M.accel.combine_tag_sets_into_multipart(group.tag_sets, lang, singular_pos), lemmas = {{lang = lang, term = lemma}}, lemma_face = "term", t = args.gloss, } if group.labels[1] then line = M.labels.show_labels {labels = group.labels, lang = lang} .. " " .. line end table.insert(lines, line) end end if not lines[1] then error(("'%s' is not a form of [[%s]]"):format(args.pagename, table.concat(args.lemmas, "]], [[")), 0) end return table.concat(lines, "\n# ") end -- Process the arguments of a call of the template of `entry` (`noun` or `adjective`). On the template's own page, a call -- with no arguments declines the language's example (`examples` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl/data]]) instead of the page -- name. local function process_args(frame, entry) local language = M.data.languages[frame.args.lang] return M.parameters.process(frame:getParent().args, { [1] = {template_default = language and language.examples[entry]}, title = {}, nocat = {type = "boolean"}, json = {type = "boolean"}, pagename = {}, }) end -- Run the template entry point `entry` (`noun` or `adjective`) on the call of `frame`: decline it with `decline` -- (`export.decline_noun` or `export.decline_adjective`) and return its table, made by the `TableRenderer` method -- `render`, or with json=1 the table's data, as `json_data` gives it from the declined spec. local function run_entry(frame, entry, decline, render, json_data) local args = process_args(frame, entry) local spec = decline(args, args.pagename or M.headword_data.pagename, frame.args.lang) if args.json then return M.JSON.toJSON(json_data(spec)) end local renderer = TableRenderer.new(spec) return renderer[render](renderer) end --[==[ Entry point for {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|zlw-opl-ndecl}}. Template-callable function to parse and decline a noun given user-specified arguments and generate a displayable table of the declined forms, or the table's data as JSON with {{para|json|1}}. ]==] function export.noun(frame) return run_entry(frame, "noun", export.decline_noun, "render", function(spec) return {forms = spec.forms, numbers = spec.numbers, categories = spec.categories, title = spec.title} end) end --[==[ Entry point for {{tl|pl-adecl}}. Template-callable function to parse and decline an adjective given user-specified arguments and generate a displayable table of the declined forms, or the table's data as JSON with {{para|json|1}}. ]==] function export.adjective(frame) return run_entry(frame, "adjective", export.decline_adjective, "renderAdjective", function(spec) return {forms = spec.forms, layout = spec.layout, kinds = spec.kinds, categories = spec.categories, title = spec.title} end) end return export sric7pgxagxw8nvlv8gg2xbgcjdlew1 Mô đun:zlw-lch-decl/data/pl 828 421110 2573581 2573187 2026-10-26T08:06:05Z Hiyuune 50834 2573581 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ Polish data for [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]: the declension rules, the stem alternations they use, the irregular words, the footnotes, and the indicators of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|pl-adecl}}. TERMINOLOGY: * "stem" = The lemma minus its nominative ending, e.g. ''kobiet-'' from ''kobieta'' and ''okn-'' from ''okno''. A masculine noun ending in a consonant is its own stem (''pies''). * "group" = The nouns that share one set of rules, i.e. those with the same gender (`m-pr` masculine personal, `m-anml` masculine animal, `m-in` masculine inanimate, `f`, `n`), kind (common nouns, surnames, given names, place names and other names) and nominative ending (`""` for a consonant, `a`, `o`, `e`, `ę`, `um`, `i`). Pluralia tantum have groups of their own, by the ending of their nominative plural. * "rule" = The forms of one slot for the nouns of a group whose stem ends in particular letters. The rule for the longest such ending applies, and `""` holds the group's default. A form is an ending added either to the stem or to the stem changed by an alternation (e.g. with `stem = "palatal"`, ''kobiet-'' becomes ''kobieci-'' before ''-e''). * "copy" = A slot whose forms are always those of another slot in its group, e.g. the accusative singular of a personal noun is its genitive. ]==] local data = {} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Alternations -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The vowels, used by the rules that look for the last syllable of a stem. data.vowels = "aąeęioóuy" --[==[ The alternations a rule can ask for (`stem = "..."`). Several are joined with "+", in this order: * `reduced`: drop the mobile ''e'' of the stem's last syllable (''pies'' → ''ps-'', ''sweter'' → ''swetr-''). * `inserted_e`, `inserted_ie`: put in ''e'' or ''ie'' before the last consonant (''matk-'' → ''matek'', ''okn-'' → ''okien''). * `truncated`: drop the end of the stem given by `truncate` (''Amerykanin'' → ''Amerykan-'', ''Amerykanie''). * `spelled`: write the end of the stem as `spelled` gives it before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiks-''). * `shortened`: change ''ó'' to ''o'' and ''ą'' to ''ę'' in the last syllable (''stół'' → ''stoł-'', ''ząb'' → ''zęb-''). * `lengthened`: change ''o'' to ''ó'' and ''ę'' to ''ą'' in the last syllable (''drog-'' → ''dróg'', ''ręk-'' → ''rąk''). * `fronted`: change ''o'' or ''a'' to ''e'' in the last syllable (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi''). * `soft`, `palatal`, `virile`: change the last consonant (or two) using one of the tables below. ]==] -- How `shortened` (''stół'' → ''stołu''), `lengthened` (''droga'' → ''dróg'') and `fronted` (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', -- ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi'') change the vowel of a stem's last syllable. data.shorten = { ["ó"] = "o", ["ą"] = "ę" } data.lengthen = { ["o"] = "ó", ["ę"] = "ą" } data.front = { ["o"] = "e", ["a"] = "e" } -- How `truncated` cuts a stem (the plural of the nouns in ''-anin'' has no ''-in'': ''mieszczanin'' → ''mieszczanie'', -- ''mieszczan'') and how `spelled` writes one before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiksu'', ''appendiksie''). data.truncate = { nin = "n" } data.spelled = { x = "ks" } -- How a soft consonant at the end of a stem is written before a vowel, e.g. ''koń'' → ''konia''. data.soft = { ["dź"] = "dzi", ["ć"] = "ci", ["ń"] = "ni", ["ś"] = "si", ["ź"] = "zi" } -- The reverse: how a stem's soft consonant spelled with ''i'' is written at the end of a word with no ending, e.g. -- ''danie'' → ''dań''. The module also uses `soft` to respell a final soft consonant before a vowel, as Polish -- spelling always does (''niedźwiedź'' + ''-a'' → ''niedźwiedzia''), so a rule's ending doesn't need `soft` for that. data.final_soft = { ["dzi"] = "dź", ["ci"] = "ć", ["ni"] = "ń", ["si"] = "ś", ["zi"] = "ź" } -- The consonants that stay soft when a mobile ''ie'' before them drops, e.g. ''goniec'' → ''gońca'', ''wrzesień'' → -- ''września''. Before the other consonants, the ''i'' only marked their softness and goes with it (''pies'' → -- ''psa'', ''łokieć'' → ''łokcia''). data.reduced_soft = { n = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", c = "ć", dz = "dź" } -- The first palatalization, before ''-e'' (in the locative singular and the feminine dative singular). data.palatal = { -- After ''c'', ''r'' and ''s'', the ''z'' of ''-zn-'' and ''-zł-'' is part of a digraph and doesn't soften -- (''logiczny'' → ''logiczni'', ''Leszno'' → ''Lesznie'', ''zeszły'' → ''zeszli'', but ''żelazny'' → ''żelaźni''). ["czn"] = "czni", ["rzn"] = "rzni", ["szn"] = "szni", ["czł"] = "czl", ["rzł"] = "rzl", ["szł"] = "szl", ["st"] = "ści", ["zd"] = "ździ", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", ["sn"] = "śni", ["zn"] = "źni", ["sm"] = "śmi", ["zm"] = "źmi", ["ch"] = "sz", ["p"] = "pi", ["b"] = "bi", ["f"] = "fi", ["w"] = "wi", ["v"] = "vi", ["m"] = "mi", ["n"] = "ni", ["s"] = "si", ["z"] = "zi", ["t"] = "ci", ["d"] = "dzi", ["r"] = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["h"] = "ż", } -- The tooltip over the row header of each case, giving its Polish name and questions. data.case_titles = { nom = "mianownik (kto? co?)", gen = "dopełniacz (kogo? czego?)", dat = "celownik (komu? czemu?)", acc = "biernik (kogo? co?)", ins = "narzędnik (kim? czym?)", loc = "miejscownik (o kim? o czym?)", voc = "wołacz (o!)", } -- The nominative endings split off a lemma to get its stem, by gender (and `plural` for a plurale tantum), tried in -- order. For example, ''kobieta'' is ''kobiet-'' plus ''-a'', a masculine in ''-y'' or ''-i'' is an adjectival noun -- (''Kowalski''), and one in ''-e'' declines as an adjective in the singular (''Bethke'', ''Bethkego'', ''Bethkowie''). -- A lemma with none of them is its own stem (''pies''). data.nominative_endings = { m = { "a", "o", "y", "i", "e" }, f = { "a", "i" }, n = { "um", "o", "e", "ę" }, plural = { "i", "y", "e", "a" }, } -- The endings of `nominative_endings` that are only a nominative after a consonant, by gender. After a vowel they belong -- to the stem (''playboy'', ''playboya''; ''Halley'', ''Halleya''). data.nominative_after_consonant = { m = { y = true, i = true, e = true } } -- The mobile vowels that `reduced` drops, tried in order: ''ie'' after a consonant, which stays soft according to -- `soften` (''goniec'' → ''gońc-''), and ''e'' (''pies'' → ''ps-''). data.mobile_vowels = { { "ie", after_consonant = true, soften = "reduced_soft" }, { "e" }, } -- The mobile vowel that `*` puts into a bare form: ''ie'' after the letters in `after` (''okno'' → ''okien'', ''igła'' -- → ''igieł''), and otherwise `default` (''matka'' → ''matek''). data.inserted_vowel = { default = "e", after = { k = "ie", g = "ie" } } -- The vowel that spells a soft consonant before another vowel (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). An ending drops its first -- vowel after it if that vowel is one of `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), and also after a -- softening of the stem that ends in it (''Herod'' + virile ''-y'' → ''Herodzi'', ''Twardy'' + ''-i'' → ''Twardzi''). data.soft_vowel = "i" data.soft_vowel_absorbs = { "i", "y" } -- The vowel never written after the soft vowel. After a stem's own ''i'', it is dropped if the ''i'' spells a soft -- consonant (the stem ends in a key of `final_soft`: ''niunia'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the soft vowel if -- the ''i'' is a vowel (''Ilia'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). data.hard_vowel = "y" -- The digraphs a stem can end in, which count as one consonant (for the stem type in the categories, and for Standard -- Kurpie). data.digraphs = { ch = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dź"] = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true } -- The softening in the masculine personal nominative plural (''student'' → ''studenci'', ''Polak'' → ''Polacy''). data.virile = { ["st"] = "ści", ["ch"] = "s", ["t"] = "c", ["d"] = "dz", ["r"] = "rz", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["ł"] = "l", ["sz"] = "s", ["s"] = "s", ["z"] = "z", ["n"] = "n", ["p"] = "p", ["b"] = "b", ["m"] = "m", ["w"] = "w", ["f"] = "f", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Notes -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The footnotes a rule or an override can give a form, by key: `note = "dated"` in a rule, or `[dated]` in a spec. data.notes = { archaic = "cổ xưa", colloquial = "thông tục", dated = "lỗi thời", deprecative = "từ miệt thị", dialectal = "phương ngữ", humorous = "từ hài hước", literary = "ngôn ngữ văn chương", obsolete = "không còn dùng", pejorative = "nghĩa xấu", proscribed = "bị phản đối", rare = "hiếm", regional = "từ địa phương", vulgar = "thô tục", -- Notes for the forms of a pronoun that are only clitics (''go'', ''mi'') or only follow a preposition (''niego''). unstressed = "không nhấn trọng âm", after_preposition = "sau giới từ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Indicators -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The indicators of each template, by name. Indicators with the same `group` exclude each other, and the group names what they set (read with `Spec:group`). `sets` is the value the indicator gives its group if that isn't its own name, and `value` means it takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń`). ]==] data.indicators = { noun = { m = { group = "gender" }, f = { group = "gender" }, n = { group = "gender" }, pr = { group = "animacy" }, anml = { group = "animacy" }, inan = { group = "animacy" }, sg = { group = "number" }, pl = { group = "number" }, ["*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["-*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["#"] = { group = "quantity" }, ["-#"] = { group = "quantity" }, surname = { group = "kind" }, given = { group = "kind" }, place = { group = "kind" }, proper = { group = "kind" }, irreg = { group = "type" }, indecl = { group = "type" }, ["!"] = { group = "type" }, ["+"] = { group = "type" }, pron = { group = "type" }, num = { group = "type" }, decllemma = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, r = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, soft = {}, }, adjective = { irreg = {}, plonly = {}, archdat = {}, decllemma = { value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, num = {}, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, pos = { value = "part of speech" }, }, } -- The parts of speech an adjective table can be categorized under (given with `pos:` on one of its words, with -- `adjective` as the default), along with the plural its categories use ("Polish hard pronouns"). data.parts_of_speech = { adjective = "tính từ", pronoun = "đại từ", determiner = "từ hạn định", numeral = "số từ", suffix = "hậu tố", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lects -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The lects that have a table of their own (`lect:CODE`), by their code in [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. An "attested" table lists the forms given and nothing else (`respelling` gives the link target of each form), and a "paradigm" generates the forms from the `rules` named. The forms of any other lect go in the `dialectal` table, each tagged with its lect. The names of the lects are read from [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. ]==] data.lect_tables = { -- The Middle Polish forms link to their modern spelling, using `middle_polish_respelling`. mpl = { table = "attested", respelling = "middle_polish_respelling" }, -- The Standard Kurpie forms are generated from `kurpie`. skur = { table = "paradigm", rules = "kurpie" }, } -- The data module of the lects, with their codes, names and aliases. data.lect_module = "Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl" -- The start of the title of a lect's table (or of the dialectal table), before its head. data.lect_titles = { mpl = "Attested Middle Polish forms of ", skur = "Standard Kurpian declension of ", dialectal = "Attested dialectal forms of ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Categories -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The categories of a table of the standard language, each after the language's name ("Polish singularia tantum"). A noun table of one word is categorized by its stem type and gender (`stem`, e.g. "velar feminine nouns"), by what its forms show (`reducible` for a mobile ''e'', `quantitative` for ''ó''/''o'' or ''ą''/''ę''), and by its type (`irregular`, `adjectival`, `indeclinable`). A phrase, a pronoun or a numeral is only categorized by its number. An adjective table is categorized by its kind and part of speech (`adjective_kind`, e.g. "hard adjectives" or "soft pronouns"), and by any short forms and irregular stem. ]==] data.categories = { singularia_tantum = "chỉ có số ít", pluralia_tantum = "chỉ có số nhiều", stem = "Danh từ %s %s", reducible = "Danh từ với thân từ rút gọn", quantitative = "nouns with quantitative vowel alternation", irregular = "Danh từ bất quy tắc", adjectival = "Danh tính từ", indeclinable = "Danh từ không biến cách", adjective_kind = "%s %s", short_forms = "%s với dạng ngắn", irregular_stem = "%s với thân từ bất quy tắc", } -- The gender of a noun as its stem category names it, by gender and (for masculines) animacy. data.category_genders = { m = { pr = "giống đực nhân xưng", anml = "giống đực hữu sinh", inan = "giống đực vô sinh" }, f = "giống cái", n = "giống trung", } -- The stem type of a noun by the last consonant of its stem: velar, soft (including the functionally soft ''c'', -- ''cz'', ''dz'', ''dż'', ''rz'', ''sz'' and ''ż''), or otherwise hard. data.stem_types = { velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true, i = true, c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true, }, } -- The Middle Polish letters that are respelled in the link target of a form (''ptåka'' links to [[ptaka]]). The form -- itself is shown as written. data.middle_polish_respelling = { ["å"] = "a", ["á"] = "a", ["é"] = "e", ["Å"] = "A", ["Á"] = "A", ["É"] = "E", } --[==[ The Standard Kurpie paradigm (`lect:skur`) * `palatal`: what the last consonant (or cluster) of a stem becomes before an ending with `stem = "palatal"`. An ''s'' or ''z'' before a softened consonant is softened too (''masło'' → ''maśle'', ''źosna'' → ''źośńe''), but not the ''z'' of ''rz''. The velars only change before the ''-e'' of a feminine; a masculine or neuter velar takes ''-u''. * `hardened`: the consonants after which an ending's ''ï'' is written ''y'' (''ulicy'', ''nocy''). * `soft` and `velar`: the last consonants that make a stem soft or velar, which decide the type of a lemma. * `mazurated`: the last consonants that can come from mazuration (''s'', ''z'', ''c'', ''dz'' for ''sz'', ''ż'', ''cz'', ''dż''). The indicator `soft` makes such a stem soft, as in ''lystonos'' (< ''listonosz''), whose spelling doesn't show it; ''sołtys'' stays hard. * `nouns[GENDER][TYPE]`: the ending of each slot, as in `noun_groups` (a string, or `{ ending, stem = "palatal" }`). The type comes from the lemma; see `paradigm_type` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]. * `copies[GENDER]` and `animate_copies[ANIMACY]`: the slots that take the forms of another slot. * `clear`, `clear_before_nasal` and `nasals`: the alternation of `#`, by which the slanted vowel of the last syllable of a consonant-final lemma is clear before an ending (''kśądz'', ''kśę̈dza''). Before one of the `nasals`, where ''o'' is always written ''ó'', the slanted ''ó'' alternates with ''a''. * `adjective`: the endings of the single adjective declension, by slot of `adjective_slots`, added to the lemma minus its last letter. ]==] data.kurpie = { palatal = { ["rzn"] = "rzń", ["rzł"] = "rzl", st = "ść", zd = "źdź", sn = "śń", zn = "źń", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", sm = "śń", zm = "źń", b = "bź", p = "pś", f = "ś", w = "ź", m = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", t = "ć", d = "dź", n = "ń", r = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ch = "s", k = "c", g = "dz", }, hardened = { c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true }, -- The type of a lemma, by gender. Take the first entry whose ending the lemma has (`""` for none; with -- `consonant_final`, only if it doesn't end in one of the `vowels`). The type is that of the first class in the -- entry's `by_final` that has the last consonant of the stem, and otherwise `default`; it is a type of the gender -- `declension` if the entry gives one. With the indicator `soft`, it is the entry's `soft`. types = { f = { { ending = "a", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, -- After a soft consonant, the ending is written ''-å'' (''sukńå''). { ending = "å", default = "soft" }, { ending = "", by_final = { { "soft", "soft_consonant" } }, default = "hard_consonant" }, }, n = { { ending = "um", default = "latinate" }, -- A final ''ę'' is written ''ë'' (''wyńë''). { ending = "ë", default = "nasal" }, -- A soft stem in ''-o'' is a j-stem (''jajo''). { ending = "o", by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "hardened", "hardened" }, { "soft", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "e", by_final = { { "hardened", "hardened" } }, default = "soft" }, }, m = { { ending = "", consonant_final = true, by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard", soft = "soft" }, -- An animate masculine in ''-a'' or ''-å'' (''starosta'', ''sę̈dźå'') declines as a feminine, with the -- accusative plural of its animacy. { ending = "a", declension = "f", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "å", declension = "f", default = "soft" }, }, }, -- The nominative plural endings a plurale tantum can have, tried in order (''Ńëmcy''). plural_nominatives = { "y", "ï", "e", "a" }, vowels = "aąeęioóuyåéëï", -- A personal or animal velar has a type of its own, with the genitive and accusative in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_types = { velar = "animate_velar" }, -- How the first letter of an ending is written after a hardened consonant (''ï'' as ''y''). hardened_spelling = { ["ï"] = "y" }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true }, velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, mazurated = { s = true, z = true, c = true, dz = true }, -- The consonants after which an adjective has ''-ï'' for ''-y'' (''głupśï''). adjective_soft = { ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["ć"] = true, ["dź"] = true, ["ń"] = true, j = true }, clear = { ["ó"] = "o", ["é"] = "e", ["å"] = "a", ["ą"] = "ę̈" }, clear_before_nasal = { ["ó"] = "a" }, nasals = { m = true, n = true, ["ń"] = true }, nouns = { m = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "u", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, -- A personal or animal velar takes the genitive (and accusative) in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, }, f = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, hard_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "y", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "y", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "y", }, soft_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "ï", }, }, n = { hard = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "å", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "u", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, hardened = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, nasal = { nom_p = "óna", gen_s = "ëńå", gen_p = "ónów", dat_s = "ëńu", dat_p = "ónóm", ins_s = "ëńëm", ins_p = "ónańï", loc_s = "ëńu", loc_p = "ónach", }, latinate = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "um", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "um", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "um", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", }, }, }, copies = { m = { voc_s = "loc_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, f = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, n = { acc_s = "nom_s", voc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, }, animate_copies = { pr = { acc_p = "gen_p" }, anml = { acc_p = "nom_p" }, inan = { acc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p" }, }, -- The other slots are shared as in the standard tables (e.g. the dative and locative feminine come from the -- genitive), and the plural has one nominative for both genders. adjective = { nom_n = "e", nom_f = "å", nom_mp_pers = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e", gen_mn = "égo", gen_f = "éj", gen_p = "éch", dat_mn = "ëmu", dat_p = "ëm", acc_f = "ó", ins_mn = "ëm", ins_p = "ëńï", }, } -- The rule gender of each gender and animacy of a call. data.rule_gender = { m = { pr = "m-pr", anml = "m-anml", inan = "m-in" }, f = "f", n = "n", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lexicon -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of a noun in the order the lexicon lists them in. data.slot_order = { "nom_s", "gen_s", "dat_s", "acc_s", "ins_s", "loc_s", "voc_s", "nom_p", "gen_p", "dat_p", "acc_p", "ins_p", "loc_p", "voc_p", } -- The irregular nouns of `<irreg>`, by lemma, with their gender and animacy and every form, in `slot_order`. data.irregular_nouns = { ["brat"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "brat", "brata", "bratu", "brata", "bratem", "bracie", "bracie", "bracia", "braci", "braciom", "braci", "braćmi", "braciach", "bracia", }, ["dziecko"] = { gender = "n", "dziecko", "dziecka", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieckiem", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieci", "dzieci", "dzieciom", "dzieci", "dziećmi", "dzieciach", "dzieci", }, ["ksiądz"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "ksiądz", "księdza", "księdzu", "księdza", "księdzem", "księdzu", "księże", "księża", "księży", "księżom", "księży", "księżmi", "księżach", "księża", }, ["książę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "książę", "księcia", "księciu", "księcia", "księciem", "księciu", "książę", "książęta", "książąt", "książętom", "książąt", "książętami", "książętach", "książęta", }, ["rok"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "inan", "rok", "roku", "rokowi", "rok", "rokiem", "roku", "roku", "lata", "lat", "latom", "lata", "latami", "latach", "lata", }, ["arcyksiążę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciem", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksiążęta", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętom", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętami", "arcyksiążętach", "arcyksiążęta", }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Pronouns, numerals and noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The pronouns of `<pron>`, by lemma, with the numbers of the table (`numberless` for ''siebie'') and the forms of each slot, each a string or `{ form, notes = { KEY... } }` with keys of `notes`. A pronoun made of one of these plus an ending in `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. ''cośkolwiek'') declines like the pronoun, with the ending after every form. ]==] data.pronouns = { ["co"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "co" }, gen_s = { "czego", { "co", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemu" }, acc_s = { "co" }, ins_s = { "czym" }, loc_s = { "czym" }, }, ["cokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "czegokolwiek", { "cokolwiek", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "cokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, }, ["coś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "coś" }, gen_s = { "czegoś", { "coś", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuś" }, acc_s = { "coś" }, ins_s = { "czymś" }, loc_s = { "czymś" }, }, ["cóż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cóż" }, gen_s = { "czegoż", "czegóż", { "cóż", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuż" }, acc_s = { "cóż" }, ins_s = { "czymże" }, loc_s = { "czymże" }, }, ["ja"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ja" }, gen_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "mnie", { "mi", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, ins_s = { "mną" }, loc_s = { "mnie" }, }, ["kto"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "kto" }, gen_s = { "kogo" }, dat_s = { "komu" }, acc_s = { "kogo" }, ins_s = { "kim" }, loc_s = { "kim" }, }, ["ktokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, dat_s = { "komukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, }, ["ktoś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktoś" }, gen_s = { "kogoś" }, dat_s = { "komuś" }, acc_s = { "kogoś" }, ins_s = { "kimś" }, loc_s = { "kimś" }, }, ["któż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "któż" }, gen_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, dat_s = { "komuż" }, acc_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, ins_s = { "kimże" }, loc_s = { "kimże" }, }, ["my"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "my" }, gen_p = { "nas" }, dat_p = { "nam" }, acc_p = { "nas" }, ins_p = { "nami" }, loc_p = { "nas" }, voc_p = { "my" }, }, ["nic"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nic" }, gen_s = { "nic", "niczego" }, dat_s = { "niczemu" }, acc_s = { "nic" }, ins_s = { "niczym" }, loc_s = { "niczym" }, }, ["nikt"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nikt" }, gen_s = { "nikogo" }, dat_s = { "nikomu" }, acc_s = { "nikogo" }, ins_s = { "nikim" }, loc_s = { "nikim" }, }, ["on"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "on" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["ona"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ona" }, gen_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "ją", { "nią", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nią" }, loc_s = { "niej" }, }, ["one"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "one" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["oni"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "oni" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["ono"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ono" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["siebie"] = { numbers = { "s" }, numberless = true, gen_s = { "siebie", "się" }, dat_s = { "sobie", "se" }, acc_s = { "siebie", "się" }, ins_s = { "sobą" }, loc_s = { "sobie", "se" }, }, ["ty"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ty" }, gen_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, dat_s = { "tobie", { "ci", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, ins_s = { "tobą" }, loc_s = { "tobie" }, voc_s = { "ty", { "te", notes = { "proscribed", "colloquial" } } }, }, ["wszystko"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "wszystko" }, gen_s = { "wszystkiego" }, dat_s = { "wszystkiemu" }, acc_s = { "wszystko" }, ins_s = { "wszystkim" }, loc_s = { "wszystkim" }, }, ["wy"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "wy" }, gen_p = { "was" }, dat_p = { "wam" }, acc_p = { "was" }, ins_p = { "wami" }, loc_p = { "was" }, voc_p = { "wy" }, }, } data.pronoun_suffixes = { "śkolwiek", "kolwiek", "ś" } --[==[ The numerals of `<num>`, by the end of their lemma (the longest one a lemma ends in applies). `numeral_rules` has the cardinals of {{tl|pl-adecl}} (''pięć'', ''trzy'', ''-naście'', ''-set''), with a virile and a non-virile column in the slots of `adjective_slots`, and `collective_rules` has the collectives of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} (''pięcioro'', ''dwoje''), in the plural slots of a noun. Each slot has the endings that follow the lemma minus its key, as in `noun_groups`, and the comment on each rule names the numerals it was made from. ]==] data.numeral_rules = { ["a"] = { -- kilka nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "a", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "a", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["adziesiąt"] = { -- kilkadziesiąt nom_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", gen_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięcioma", "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, }, ["adzieścia"] = { -- dwadzieścia nom_mp_pers = "udziestu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", gen_p = "udziestu", dat_p = "udziestu", acc_mp_pers = "udziestu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", ins_p = { "udziestoma", "udziestu" }, loc_p = "udziestu", }, ["akroć"] = { -- dwakroć nom_mp_pers = "ukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", gen_p = "ukroć", dat_p = "ukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", ins_p = { "ukroć", { "omakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukroć", }, ["anaście"] = { -- dwanaście, kilkanaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["aset"] = { -- kilkaset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["edziesiąt"] = { -- wieledziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ekolwiek"] = { -- ilekolwiek nom_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", gen_p = "ukolwiek", dat_p = "ukolwiek", acc_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", ins_p = { "ukolwiek", { "omakolwiek", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukolwiek", }, ["ele"] = { -- niewiele, wiele nom_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", gen_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", ins_p = { "eloma", "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" }, { "elą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, }, ["em"] = { -- siedem nom_mp_pers = "miu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miu", dat_p = "miu", acc_mp_pers = "miu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "mioma", "miu" }, loc_p = "miu", }, ["emkroć"] = { -- siedemkroć nom_mp_pers = "miukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", gen_p = "miukroć", dat_p = "miukroć", acc_mp_pers = "miukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", ins_p = { "miukroć", { "miomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miukroć", }, ["emset"] = { -- siedemset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["eset"] = { -- wieleset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["eś"] = { -- ileś nom_mp_pers = "uś", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", gen_p = "uś", dat_p = "uś", acc_mp_pers = "uś", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", ins_p = { "uś", { "omaś", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uś", }, ["eż"] = { -- ileż, tyleż, wieleż nom_mp_pers = "uż", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", gen_p = "uż", dat_p = "uż", acc_mp_pers = "uż", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", ins_p = { "uż", { "omaż", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uż", }, ["ieście"] = { -- dwieście nom_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", gen_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = "ustu", acc_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", ins_p = { "ustu", { "omaset", note = "rare" }, { "ustoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ile"] = { -- ile nom_mp_pers = "ilu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", gen_p = "ilu", dat_p = "ilu", acc_mp_pers = "ilu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", ins_p = { "iloma", "ilu" }, loc_p = "ilu", }, ["mset"] = { -- siedmset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["o"] = { -- sto nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "o", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "o", ins_p = { "u", { "oma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "u", }, ["siem"] = { -- osiem nom_mp_pers = "śmiu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiu", dat_p = "śmiu", acc_mp_pers = "śmiu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmioma", "śmiu" }, loc_p = "śmiu", }, ["siemkroć"] = { -- osiemkroć nom_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", gen_p = "śmiukroć", dat_p = "śmiukroć", acc_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", ins_p = { "śmiukroć", { "śmiomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiukroć", }, ["siemset"] = { -- osiemset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, ["y"] = { -- cztery, trzy nom_mp_pers = { "ech", "ej" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "y", gen_p = "ech", dat_p = "em", acc_mp_pers = "ech", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "y", ins_p = "ema", loc_p = "ech", }, ["ykroć"] = { -- trzykroć nom_mp_pers = "echkroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", gen_p = "echkroć", dat_p = "echkroć", acc_mp_pers = "echkroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", ins_p = { "echkroć", { "emakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "echkroć", }, ["yle"] = { -- tyle nom_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", gen_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", ins_p = { "yloma", "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" }, { "ylą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ysta"] = { -- czterysta, trzysta nom_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", gen_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, dat_p = "ystu", acc_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", ins_p = { "ystu", { "ystoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, }, ["ąt"] = { -- dziewięćdziesiąt, osiemdziesiąt, ośmdziesiąt, pięćdziesiąt, siedemdziesiąt, siedmdziesiąt, sześćdziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "ęciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", gen_p = "ęciu", dat_p = "ęciu", acc_mp_pers = "ęciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", ins_p = { "ęcioma", "ęciu" }, loc_p = "ęciu", }, ["ć"] = { -- dziesięć, dziewięć, pięć, sześć nom_mp_pers = "ciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", gen_p = "ciu", dat_p = "ciu", acc_mp_pers = "ciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", ins_p = { "cioma", "ciu" }, loc_p = "ciu", }, ["ćkroć"] = { -- pięćkroć nom_mp_pers = "ciukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", gen_p = "ciukroć", dat_p = "ciukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ciukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", ins_p = { "ciukroć", { "ciomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciukroć", }, ["ćset"] = { -- dziewięćset, pięćset, sześćset nom_mp_pers = "ciuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", gen_p = "ciuset", dat_p = "ciuset", acc_mp_pers = "ciuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", ins_p = { "ciuset", { "ciomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciuset", }, ["ę"] = { -- parę nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["ędziesiąt"] = { -- parędziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ęnaście"] = { -- paręnaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["ęset"] = { -- paręset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["ści"] = { -- czterdzieści, trzydzieści nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["ście"] = { -- czternaście, dziewiętnaście, jedenaście, naście, osiemnaście, ośmnaście, piętnaście, siedemnaście, siedmnaście, szesnaście, trzynaście nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["śmset"] = { -- ośmset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, } data.collective_rules = { ["e"] = { -- dwoje, oboje, obydwoje, obydwoje, troje nom_p = "e", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "e", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "e", }, ["o"] = { -- czterdzieścioro, czternaścioro, czworo, dwadzieścioro, dwanaścioro, dziesięcioro, dziewiętnaścioro, dziewięcioro, dziewięćdziesięcioro, jedenaścioro, kilkoro, kilkadziesięcioro, kilkanaścioro, naścioro, ośmioro, osiemdziesięcioro, osiemnaścioro, ośmdziesięcioro, ośmnaścioro, piętnaścioro, pięcioro, pięćdziesięcioro, siedmioro, siedemdziesięcioro, siedemnaścioro, siedmdziesięcioro, siedmnaścioro, szesnaścioro, sześcioro, sześćdziesięcioro, trzydzieścioro, trzynaścioro nom_p = "o", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "o", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "o", }, } --[==[ The noun groups, keyed `GENDER KIND NUMBER NOMINATIVE` (e.g. `m-pr common sg `, `f common sg a`, `n place pl y`): * `copies`: the slots that take the forms of another slot (e.g. `acc_s = "gen_s"`). * `rules`: the forms of each slot, by the ending of the stem (`""` is the default). A slot's forms are an ending (a string) or a list of endings, and an ending given as a table can name a `stem` alternation and a `note`. ]==] data.noun_groups = { ["f common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["edź"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nt"] = { gen_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["oć"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["rś"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["tać"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ódź"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ęś"] = { ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ń"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["acz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["all"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ans"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["arł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ast"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["bni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["cn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["cni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["cow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = { "", "y" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["czi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["czm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["dow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dż"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ebn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["fi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["fl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["g"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["gl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["hi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["hl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["hni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["how"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ij"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ion"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["izd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["izi"] = { voc_s = "u" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jom"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ki"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["kk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ksz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ml"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["msz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["nan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ni"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["nni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["nod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", nom_p = "a" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oj"] = { dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "", gen_s = "ej" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["otw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźb"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["p"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["pl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["pow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["r"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["raż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["rzn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["rąż"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["s"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["sc"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["si"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["skr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["szw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ti"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uni"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "u" }, ["uzd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["wol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["wsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["zd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zdr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "" }, ["zl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["zz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ój"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąt"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ępi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ęż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["łbi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["łob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ńsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ści"] = { voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["źn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["źni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["żi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["żni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["żon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { acc_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" } }, ["can"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["san"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, }, }, ["f given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["fi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["ki"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["mi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["nc"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["nul"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["f place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" } }, ["ać"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eś"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, { "e", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ść"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f place sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ask"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["asn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["aw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["ck"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["el"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["enn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ew"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ewn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ez"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ibi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["iw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["iz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["kw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["lw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["lz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mbi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["mż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["odz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ojn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["opn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["prz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["szn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["tcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["usk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["wcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["yst"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["zw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąck"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-a" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["EP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OK"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["PR"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["S"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "", "-etom" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu" }, ins_p = { "", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, }, }, ["f proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, nom_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, }, }, ["f surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["adł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ajn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ak"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["an"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["azł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["bk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["dk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["dni"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "m", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", voc_s = "a" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dzk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["en"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["esk"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["fk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["gł"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["h"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ian"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["in"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["izn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["jew"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["jk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["jn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["kat"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["lan"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["mk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["nk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ok"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["on"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["osk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["osn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["own"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["p"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["pk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["tk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["un"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["wk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["x"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["y"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["yk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["yn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["zk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["zł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["ąk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ćk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["łk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["łn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ńk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["śk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ż"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["żk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["f surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = {}, ins_p = { "m", stem = "fronted" }, ins_s = {}, loc_p = {}, loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "dziadków", stem = "irregular" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "zym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "zych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "zymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "zych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich" }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ard"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ast"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["aść"] = { dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_s = "ą", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bp"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, { "ze", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["dan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów", { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["dr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dur"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dyw"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = { "", "s" }, gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = { "", "s" }, voc_s = "" }, ["eb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ep"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eus"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["eń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["fel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ger"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["han"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["hot"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ib"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["icz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ieć"] = { loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ień"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["iks"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ior"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ir"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["iz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["jas"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jor"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["kok"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["kon"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["kup"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = "i", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["lan"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["lar"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["len"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["leń"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lub"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["mp"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["nel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ng"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nin"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "truncated" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "truncated" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "truncated" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "truncated" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "truncated" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "truncated+palatal" } }, ["nuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nuś"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ob"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ont"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ord"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["pan"] = { dat_s = "u", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["pis"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rab"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ruk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["san"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sul"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["trz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["tur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["uaw"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ud"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wed"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wun"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yr"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["zcz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zes"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["zeń"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["zym"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ódz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ójt"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ąb"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ę"] = { dat_p = "tom", dat_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, depr_p = "ta", gen_p = { "t", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = { "cia", note = "dated" }, ins_p = "tami", ins_s = { "ciem", note = "dated" }, loc_p = "tach", loc_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, nom_p = "ta", voc_s = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łuk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["łup"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["żer"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["żeń"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["bi"] = { ins_s = { "ą", { "m", note = "dated" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "y" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "ę" }, dat_s = { "", "emu" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "", "ego" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "owie" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ped"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ri"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "ów" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ac"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["as"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["bol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["dl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ec"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["el"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["eśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["gl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego" }, ["ic"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["iol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["is"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["nc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["os"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["pl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["uc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["us"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["wol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["yc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ys"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęs"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["żl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gol"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "e", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["h"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["m"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ol"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["p"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["s"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["z"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "a", "y" }, gen_s = "y", ins_s = "ą", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["arz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["asz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["aż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["brz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["drz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["eż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["irz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["on"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["oż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ron"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["soł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["tcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["urz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["uż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ydz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["yż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["łon"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["żcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["aak"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["dot"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eg"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ew"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["ier"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["jan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["las"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lf"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ros"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ses"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["st"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["tan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["van"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wer"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["weł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" } }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["yp"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zor"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąd"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["at"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "onowi", depr_p = "ony", gen_p = "onów", gen_s = "ona", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "onem", loc_p = "onach", loc_s = "onie", nom_p = "onowie", voc_s = { "o", "onie" } }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "o", ins_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { depr_p = { "a", "o" }, loc_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" }, voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rr"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "y'emu" }, depr_p = { "e", "y'e" }, gen_s = { "ego", "y'ego" }, nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { depr_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ai"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "owi" }, gen_s = { "a", "ego" } }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cu"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["dz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eau"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "e", { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { "u", { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["eu"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, nom_p = "" }, ["ez"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "y", { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gh"] = { depr_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = { "m", "om" }, dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "ch", "ów" }, gen_s = "", ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, ins_s = { "em", "m" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ch" }, loc_s = { "m", "u" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["iel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ieu"] = { loc_s = { "", "m" } }, ["ieł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ii"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = "" }, ["iz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["jc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["kój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oe"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "", ins_s = "", loc_s = "" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["que"] = { dat_p = "'om", gen_p = "'ów", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["reć"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "reduced" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "reduced" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "reduced" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "reduced" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, "owie" } }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "u", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, depr_p = { "", "y" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "a" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "owie" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ue"] = { dat_s = "'owi", gen_s = "'a", loc_s = "'u" }, ["ues"] = { dat_p = "'om", dat_s = "'owi", gen_p = "'ów", gen_s = "'a", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", loc_s = "'u", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["ugh"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["wec"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ąz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["x"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["gn"] = { depr_p = "e'e", loc_s = "e'u", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ion"] = { depr_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ow"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rt"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["c"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["czk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["dk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["f"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["g"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["hk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = { "i", "owie" } }, ["lk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["tk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["śk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["and"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["b"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "y" } }, ["ejn"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["ett"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["h"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["ied"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["jd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["mb"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ng"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "i", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["nt"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["od"] = { gen_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ott"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["p"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["rd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["rr"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["s"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "a" }, ["sc"] = { dat_p = "o", gen_p = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ss"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", ins_s = "em" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ud"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["w"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["yd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", "y" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "a", "y" }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" }, loc_s = { "u", "y" } }, ["zad"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["ł"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["łd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ńd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["aw"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["azn"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["azł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ern"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "virile" } } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_s = "iego", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["sn"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["st"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["sł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["th"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["tzk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["yt"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ér"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["ąc"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["źn"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["ac"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bel"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["del"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["e"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eet"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["lac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["niś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["oll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ont"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["paw"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["raś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["rp"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tat"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" } }, ["u"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["x"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["yś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ób"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { acc_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["o"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "a", dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'y" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "y" } }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["i"] = { voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ego", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-anml given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, }, }, ["m-anml proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ec"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, }, }, ["m-in common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["B"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["I"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["K"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["ML"] = { acc_s = { "", "-a" }, gen_p = { "-i", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-a", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["P"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["T"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["abl"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["ail"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "ów", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["ak"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["am"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["arc"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["bul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["car"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["cer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["dal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dź"] = { acc_s = { "", { "a", stem = "shortened", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["em"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["enc"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["eol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["eor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["eus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" } }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["fel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ger"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["gół"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["haj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["hel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["her"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["how"] = { gen_s = "" }, ["hyl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hór"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ial"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["iej"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iek"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ij"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["im"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ior"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["isz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["itr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["izd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iąc"] = { gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["iąk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["iść"] = { ins_p = "mi" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["jas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["jem"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["jm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kch"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["kej"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["ker"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kic"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["km"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["laż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ler"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["lol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["lus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląg"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląt"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["maj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["mal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["mol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["nar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["nch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["nek"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["nel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ner"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["neż"] = { gen_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["nol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["nor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nur"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nyp"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nóg"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" } }, ["nóż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["och"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ocz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["oik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["om"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ool"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["or"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["our"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["pal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["per"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["pol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["por"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["prz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ror"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rus"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["rąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["sal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ser"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sh"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["tal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["til"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["tyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["um"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["unk"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["urz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ycz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ym"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ysz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["zcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["zd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zeń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zub"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ząg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óż"] = { gen_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, { "ów", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ć"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ęs"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łat"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łup"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ńc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ść"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["żel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["życ"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["żyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "a", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'u", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'y" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e" }, ["g"] = { loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'e" }, ["hon"] = { acc_s = { "e", "e'a" } }, ["ir"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["l"] = { nom_p = "e'e" }, ["lag"] = { gen_p = { "e'y", "e'ów" } }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "e'u" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ban"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["bol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["dl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["el"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["gl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["ian"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["im"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ks"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nom"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ran"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["wl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["wol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ym"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ćm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["żl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["Kum"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ab"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["adz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["aj"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["an"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ask"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["aw"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["azd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["biń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["boń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ceń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["doń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["duń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dyń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["eb"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["eg"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["en"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ep"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ew"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["eść"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["goń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["hel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iw"] = { dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["kok"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["las"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["leń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["lk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["lm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ng"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nim"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ok"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ork"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["oł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ość"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["pas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rb"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rsz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ryń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["róz"] = { gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["s"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["taw"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ub"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ud"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ug"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["um"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["us"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["vik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened", note = "archaic" } }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, ["wil"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["zok"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zyż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ząb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ęk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęp"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["łak"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["łm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łom"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łub"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["śl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, acc_s = "e", dat_p = { "e", "e'om" }, dat_s = { "e", "e'owi" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "e", "e'ów" }, gen_s = { "e", "e'u" }, ins_p = { "e", "e'ami" }, ins_s = { "e", "e'em" }, loc_p = { "e", "e'ach" }, loc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["AT"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["J"] = { dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" } }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OT"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Ol"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = "-ecie", nom_p = { "-ety", "-y" } }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["el"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["iD"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-zie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["iK"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-iem", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-i" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kot"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "" }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["Ś"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, }, }, ["n common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n common pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["ekt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["it"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["nt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ust"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zwi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "ym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ani"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "mi", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ic"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["jc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sat"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ż"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, }, }, ["n common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ajk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach" }, ["jtk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "i", loc_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["unk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["om"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["on"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, }, }, ["n common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ema"] = { dat_p = "tom", gen_p = "tów", ins_p = "tami", loc_p = "tach", nom_p = "ta" }, ["lon"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["il"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "e" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["mil"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "iów", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach", nom_p = "ia" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["nal"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["nci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["si"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["wal"] = { dat_s = "u", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["woj"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["zc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["żci"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["a"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ł", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "le", note = "colloquial" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["al"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["at"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["atł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["cer"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["cz"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["dk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } } }, ["eg"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["end"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ent"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["est"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["eł"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["fot"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = "u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["int"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["jk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["li"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["mk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["nak"] = { dat_s = { "owi", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, nom_p = { "a", "i" } }, ["ng"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ol"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ors"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["pol"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["re"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["red"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["st"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["tk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["zz"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["n common sg ę"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ętom", dat_s = "ęciu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ąt", gen_s = "ęcia", ins_p = "ętami", ins_s = "ęciem", loc_p = "ętach", nom_p = "ęta" }, ["mi"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "eniu", gen_p = "on", gen_s = "enia", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "eniem", loc_p = "onach", nom_p = "ona" }, }, }, ["n place pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ot"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["yt"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["alc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["cel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eńc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["olc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["źc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ag"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["isk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lig"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ośk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ruk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sęk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ug"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zeg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["łak"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n place pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ach"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["doł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ep"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gon"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hab"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["id"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["is"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["kan"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["koł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ndr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ord"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["os"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ozd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rob"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["roz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tos"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["um"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["was"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zch"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zyb"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ąs"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ład"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łoz"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["łyn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["żn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nd"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n place sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "ch" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, }, }, ["n place sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["ad"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ag"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ajn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["amn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ew"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ewn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["iw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["izn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ong"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["osn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["sn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["tw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["udn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów", { "", stem = "lengthened" } } }, ["ówn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łot"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["śn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg um"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, acc_s = "um", dat_p = { "om", { "um", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = "um", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "um", gen_s = "um", ins_p = { "ami", { "um", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = "um", loc_p = { "ach", { "um", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = "um", nom_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "um" }, }, }, ["n proper pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "e", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "y", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["BS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["J"] = { acc_p = { "", "-oty" }, dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_s = { "", "-ocie" } }, ["L"] = { acc_p = { "", "-e" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["R"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["Z"] = { acc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, ["k"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { acc_p = { "", "y" }, dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" }, voc_p = { "", "y" }, voc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ś"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg e"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "a", voc_p = "a", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["n proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = "ego", ins_p = {}, ins_s = "ym", loc_p = {}, loc_s = "ym", nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Adjective rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of an adjective in table order: the singular by gender column (the masculine animate and inanimate share -- most of them), then the virile and non-virile plural. data.adjective_slots = { "nom_m", "nom_f", "nom_n", "nom_mp_pers", "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "gen_mn", "gen_f", "gen_p", "dat_mn", "dat_f", "dat_p", "acc_m_an", "acc_m_in", "acc_f", "acc_n", "acc_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers", "ins_mn", "ins_f", "ins_p", "loc_mn", "loc_f", "loc_p", "short", } -- The nominative endings of an adjective's lemma (its masculine singular), which pick its group in `adjective_groups`. data.adjective_nominatives = { "y", "i" } -- The kind of an adjective, for its title and category, given by the first pattern its lemma matches. data.adjective_kinds = { { "y$", "hard" }, { "[kg]i$", "velar" }, { "", "soft" } } -- How to find the masculine of an adjectival word given in another gender (''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → -- ''tani'', ''wielkie'' → ''wielki'', and likewise a non-virile plural such as ''Zjednoczone''). Take the first ending -- of its rule gender (`plural` for a plural) that it has, and replace it with the soft masculine ending if the ending -- is `soft` or the stem ends in a letter of `soft_after`, and with the hard one otherwise. data.adjective_lemma = { endings = { f = { { "ia", soft = true }, { "a" } }, n = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, plural = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, }, soft = "i", hard = "y", soft_after = { k = true, g = true }, } -- The endings that follow the softened consonant of a virile nominative plural (''krew|ni'', ''pols|c|y''), used to -- find the masculine of a virile adjectival word. data.virile_endings = { "", "y" } -- The noun slot that each adjective slot of an adjectival word fills, by the rule gender of the noun. `plural` is the -- plural of every rule gender except `m-pr`, whose plural is in its own entry. The vocative is the nominative. data.adjectival_slots = { ["m-pr"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", nom_p = "nom_mp_pers", acc_p = "acc_mp_pers", voc_p = "nom_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", }, ["m-anml"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, ["m-in"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_in", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, f = { nom_s = "nom_f", gen_s = "gen_f", dat_s = "dat_f", acc_s = "acc_f", ins_s = "ins_f", loc_s = "loc_f", voc_s = "nom_f", }, n = { nom_s = "nom_n", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_n", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_n", }, plural = { nom_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", acc_p = "acc_p_not_mp_pers", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", voc_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", }, } -- The adjective slots that always have the forms of another slot, by source slot: the dative, instrumental and -- locative feminine singular come from the genitive and accusative, the locative masculine singular from the -- instrumental, and the locative plural from the genitive. data.adjective_shared = { gen_f = { "dat_f", "loc_f" }, acc_f = { "ins_f" }, ins_mn = { "loc_mn" }, gen_p = { "loc_p" }, } -- The accusatives an adjective takes from other slots, as pairs of source and accusative. data.adjective_accusatives = { { "nom_n", "acc_n" }, { "gen_mn", "acc_m_an" }, { "nom_m", "acc_m_in" }, { "gen_p", "acc_mp_pers" }, { "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers" }, { "nom_mp_npers", "acc_mp_npers" }, { "nom_fp", "acc_fp" }, { "nom_np", "acc_np" }, } -- The last letter of an adjective stem that drops before an ending starting with the given letter (e.g. ''moj-'' + -- ''-ich'' → ''moich''). data.adjective_dropped = { j = "i" } -- The archaic dative added by `archdat` (''polsku''): its ending, added to the adjective's stem, and its footnote (a -- key of `notes`). data.archaic_dative = { "u", note = "archaic" } --[==[ The irregular adjectives of `<irreg>`, tried on the lemma in order. `pattern` captures the stem (or `stem` gives it), and each of the `sets` adds forms to the stem (plus `add`), with an optional footnote. A set's `endings` give the slots in which a regular adjective has its own forms; the other slots are shared as for every adjective (the dative, instrumental and locative feminine singular are the genitive, accusative and genitive; the locative masculine singular is the instrumental; and the locative plural is the genitive). `-` as an ending means the lemma itself. A set's `own` endings fill a slot without that sharing. `table` names a table with slots of its own (`dwa` for the plural of ''dwa'' and ''oba'', and `plonly` for the plural only). ]==] local function normal(nom_f, nom_n, nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn, gen_f, gen_p, dat_mn, dat_p, acc_f, ins_mn, ins_p) return { nom_f = nom_f, nom_n = nom_n, nom_mp_pers = nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers = nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn = gen_mn, gen_f = gen_f, gen_p = gen_p, dat_mn = dat_mn, dat_p = dat_p, acc_f = acc_f, ins_mn = ins_mn, ins_p = ins_p, } end local DWA = { table = "dwa", sets = { { own = { nom_mp_pers = "aj", nom_mp_npers = "a", nom_fp = "ie", nom_np = "a", gen_p = { "u", "óch" }, dat_p = { "u", "om", "óm" }, ins_mnp = { "oma", "u" }, ins_fp = { "iema", "oma", "u" }, loc_p = { "u", "óch" }, }, } }, } data.irregular_adjectives = { { pattern = "^(dw)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(ob)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(.*[st]w)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*m)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*)ten$", sets = { { endings = normal("ta", "to", "ci", "te", "tego", "tej", "tych", "temu", "tym", nil, "tym", "tymi") }, { own = { acc_f = "tę" } }, { own = { acc_f = "tą" }, note = "proscribed but much more common" }, { own = { ins_f = "tą" } }, } }, -- ''tenże'' declines like ''ten'', with ''-ż'' after a vowel and ''-że'' after a consonant. { pattern = "^(.*)tenże$", sets = { { endings = normal("taż", "toż", "ciż", "też", "tegoż", "tejże", "tychże", "temuż", "tymże", nil, "tymże", "tymiż") }, { own = { acc_f = { "tęż", "tęże", "tąż", "tąże" }, ins_f = { "tąż", "tąże" } } }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*czyj)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*sam)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*jed)en$", sets = { { add = "n", endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(on)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^ów$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^owy$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*il)e$", table = "plonly", sets = { { endings = normal(nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, nil, "u", nil, "u", nil, nil, "u") }, { own = { ins_p = "oma" }, note = "rare" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*wszys)tek$", sets = { { add = "tk", endings = normal("a", "o", nil, "ie", "iego", "iej", "ich", "iemu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi"), archaic_dative = "u" }, { add = "c", own = { nom_mp_pers = "y" } }, } }, } --[==[ The adjective groups, keyed `adj common sg NOMINATIVE` (the lemma's ending, `y` or `i`) like the noun groups. ]==] data.adjective_groups = { ["adj common sg "] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_f = "ą", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["."] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["a"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ad"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {}, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["asz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["d"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "" }, ["e"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["en"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "reduced" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "reduced" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ych", stem = "reduced" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, ins_mn = { "ym", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ymi", stem = "reduced" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ent"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "shortened" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "shortened" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "shortened" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["n"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nd"] = { nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["nt"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {} }, ["o"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["om"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ron"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["rt"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["w"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yj"] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", ins_f = "ą", nom_f = "a", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["é"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ż"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, }, }, ["adj common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "iemu", gen_f = "iej", gen_mn = "iego", gen_p = "ich", ins_mn = "im", ins_p = "imi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "ie", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ie" }, ["b"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { acc_f = "ią", nom_f = "ia", nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["i"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["ks"] = { acc_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["w"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["y"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["z"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["adj common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["c"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["h"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ron"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["soł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["won"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łon"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ż"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, } return data dk7oyo962zmxmqi94h8axft2nr8pbot 2573582 2573581 2026-10-26T08:08:40Z Hiyuune 50834 2573582 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ Polish data for [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]: the declension rules, the stem alternations they use, the irregular words, the footnotes, and the indicators of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|pl-adecl}}. TERMINOLOGY: * "stem" = The lemma minus its nominative ending, e.g. ''kobiet-'' from ''kobieta'' and ''okn-'' from ''okno''. A masculine noun ending in a consonant is its own stem (''pies''). * "group" = The nouns that share one set of rules, i.e. those with the same gender (`m-pr` masculine personal, `m-anml` masculine animal, `m-in` masculine inanimate, `f`, `n`), kind (common nouns, surnames, given names, place names and other names) and nominative ending (`""` for a consonant, `a`, `o`, `e`, `ę`, `um`, `i`). Pluralia tantum have groups of their own, by the ending of their nominative plural. * "rule" = The forms of one slot for the nouns of a group whose stem ends in particular letters. The rule for the longest such ending applies, and `""` holds the group's default. A form is an ending added either to the stem or to the stem changed by an alternation (e.g. with `stem = "palatal"`, ''kobiet-'' becomes ''kobieci-'' before ''-e''). * "copy" = A slot whose forms are always those of another slot in its group, e.g. the accusative singular of a personal noun is its genitive. ]==] local data = {} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Alternations -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The vowels, used by the rules that look for the last syllable of a stem. data.vowels = "aąeęioóuy" --[==[ The alternations a rule can ask for (`stem = "..."`). Several are joined with "+", in this order: * `reduced`: drop the mobile ''e'' of the stem's last syllable (''pies'' → ''ps-'', ''sweter'' → ''swetr-''). * `inserted_e`, `inserted_ie`: put in ''e'' or ''ie'' before the last consonant (''matk-'' → ''matek'', ''okn-'' → ''okien''). * `truncated`: drop the end of the stem given by `truncate` (''Amerykanin'' → ''Amerykan-'', ''Amerykanie''). * `spelled`: write the end of the stem as `spelled` gives it before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiks-''). * `shortened`: change ''ó'' to ''o'' and ''ą'' to ''ę'' in the last syllable (''stół'' → ''stoł-'', ''ząb'' → ''zęb-''). * `lengthened`: change ''o'' to ''ó'' and ''ę'' to ''ą'' in the last syllable (''drog-'' → ''dróg'', ''ręk-'' → ''rąk''). * `fronted`: change ''o'' or ''a'' to ''e'' in the last syllable (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi''). * `soft`, `palatal`, `virile`: change the last consonant (or two) using one of the tables below. ]==] -- How `shortened` (''stół'' → ''stołu''), `lengthened` (''droga'' → ''dróg'') and `fronted` (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', -- ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi'') change the vowel of a stem's last syllable. data.shorten = { ["ó"] = "o", ["ą"] = "ę" } data.lengthen = { ["o"] = "ó", ["ę"] = "ą" } data.front = { ["o"] = "e", ["a"] = "e" } -- How `truncated` cuts a stem (the plural of the nouns in ''-anin'' has no ''-in'': ''mieszczanin'' → ''mieszczanie'', -- ''mieszczan'') and how `spelled` writes one before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiksu'', ''appendiksie''). data.truncate = { nin = "n" } data.spelled = { x = "ks" } -- How a soft consonant at the end of a stem is written before a vowel, e.g. ''koń'' → ''konia''. data.soft = { ["dź"] = "dzi", ["ć"] = "ci", ["ń"] = "ni", ["ś"] = "si", ["ź"] = "zi" } -- The reverse: how a stem's soft consonant spelled with ''i'' is written at the end of a word with no ending, e.g. -- ''danie'' → ''dań''. The module also uses `soft` to respell a final soft consonant before a vowel, as Polish -- spelling always does (''niedźwiedź'' + ''-a'' → ''niedźwiedzia''), so a rule's ending doesn't need `soft` for that. data.final_soft = { ["dzi"] = "dź", ["ci"] = "ć", ["ni"] = "ń", ["si"] = "ś", ["zi"] = "ź" } -- The consonants that stay soft when a mobile ''ie'' before them drops, e.g. ''goniec'' → ''gońca'', ''wrzesień'' → -- ''września''. Before the other consonants, the ''i'' only marked their softness and goes with it (''pies'' → -- ''psa'', ''łokieć'' → ''łokcia''). data.reduced_soft = { n = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", c = "ć", dz = "dź" } -- The first palatalization, before ''-e'' (in the locative singular and the feminine dative singular). data.palatal = { -- After ''c'', ''r'' and ''s'', the ''z'' of ''-zn-'' and ''-zł-'' is part of a digraph and doesn't soften -- (''logiczny'' → ''logiczni'', ''Leszno'' → ''Lesznie'', ''zeszły'' → ''zeszli'', but ''żelazny'' → ''żelaźni''). ["czn"] = "czni", ["rzn"] = "rzni", ["szn"] = "szni", ["czł"] = "czl", ["rzł"] = "rzl", ["szł"] = "szl", ["st"] = "ści", ["zd"] = "ździ", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", ["sn"] = "śni", ["zn"] = "źni", ["sm"] = "śmi", ["zm"] = "źmi", ["ch"] = "sz", ["p"] = "pi", ["b"] = "bi", ["f"] = "fi", ["w"] = "wi", ["v"] = "vi", ["m"] = "mi", ["n"] = "ni", ["s"] = "si", ["z"] = "zi", ["t"] = "ci", ["d"] = "dzi", ["r"] = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["h"] = "ż", } -- The tooltip over the row header of each case, giving its Polish name and questions. data.case_titles = { nom = "mianownik (kto? co?)", gen = "dopełniacz (kogo? czego?)", dat = "celownik (komu? czemu?)", acc = "biernik (kogo? co?)", ins = "narzędnik (kim? czym?)", loc = "miejscownik (o kim? o czym?)", voc = "wołacz (o!)", } -- The nominative endings split off a lemma to get its stem, by gender (and `plural` for a plurale tantum), tried in -- order. For example, ''kobieta'' is ''kobiet-'' plus ''-a'', a masculine in ''-y'' or ''-i'' is an adjectival noun -- (''Kowalski''), and one in ''-e'' declines as an adjective in the singular (''Bethke'', ''Bethkego'', ''Bethkowie''). -- A lemma with none of them is its own stem (''pies''). data.nominative_endings = { m = { "a", "o", "y", "i", "e" }, f = { "a", "i" }, n = { "um", "o", "e", "ę" }, plural = { "i", "y", "e", "a" }, } -- The endings of `nominative_endings` that are only a nominative after a consonant, by gender. After a vowel they belong -- to the stem (''playboy'', ''playboya''; ''Halley'', ''Halleya''). data.nominative_after_consonant = { m = { y = true, i = true, e = true } } -- The mobile vowels that `reduced` drops, tried in order: ''ie'' after a consonant, which stays soft according to -- `soften` (''goniec'' → ''gońc-''), and ''e'' (''pies'' → ''ps-''). data.mobile_vowels = { { "ie", after_consonant = true, soften = "reduced_soft" }, { "e" }, } -- The mobile vowel that `*` puts into a bare form: ''ie'' after the letters in `after` (''okno'' → ''okien'', ''igła'' -- → ''igieł''), and otherwise `default` (''matka'' → ''matek''). data.inserted_vowel = { default = "e", after = { k = "ie", g = "ie" } } -- The vowel that spells a soft consonant before another vowel (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). An ending drops its first -- vowel after it if that vowel is one of `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), and also after a -- softening of the stem that ends in it (''Herod'' + virile ''-y'' → ''Herodzi'', ''Twardy'' + ''-i'' → ''Twardzi''). data.soft_vowel = "i" data.soft_vowel_absorbs = { "i", "y" } -- The vowel never written after the soft vowel. After a stem's own ''i'', it is dropped if the ''i'' spells a soft -- consonant (the stem ends in a key of `final_soft`: ''niunia'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the soft vowel if -- the ''i'' is a vowel (''Ilia'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). data.hard_vowel = "y" -- The digraphs a stem can end in, which count as one consonant (for the stem type in the categories, and for Standard -- Kurpie). data.digraphs = { ch = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dź"] = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true } -- The softening in the masculine personal nominative plural (''student'' → ''studenci'', ''Polak'' → ''Polacy''). data.virile = { ["st"] = "ści", ["ch"] = "s", ["t"] = "c", ["d"] = "dz", ["r"] = "rz", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["ł"] = "l", ["sz"] = "s", ["s"] = "s", ["z"] = "z", ["n"] = "n", ["p"] = "p", ["b"] = "b", ["m"] = "m", ["w"] = "w", ["f"] = "f", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Notes -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The footnotes a rule or an override can give a form, by key: `note = "dated"` in a rule, or `[dated]` in a spec. data.notes = { archaic = "archaic", colloquial = "colloquial", dated = "dated", deprecative = "deprecative", dialectal = "dialectal", humorous = "humorous", literary = "literary", obsolete = "obsolete", pejorative = "pejorative", proscribed = "proscribed", rare = "rare", regional = "regional", vulgar = "vulgar", -- Notes for the forms of a pronoun that are only clitics (''go'', ''mi'') or only follow a preposition (''niego''). unstressed = "unstressed", after_preposition = "after a preposition", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Indicators -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The indicators of each template, by name. Indicators with the same `group` exclude each other, and the group names what they set (read with `Spec:group`). `sets` is the value the indicator gives its group if that isn't its own name, and `value` means it takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń`). ]==] data.indicators = { noun = { m = { group = "gender" }, f = { group = "gender" }, n = { group = "gender" }, pr = { group = "animacy" }, anml = { group = "animacy" }, inan = { group = "animacy" }, sg = { group = "number" }, pl = { group = "number" }, ["*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["-*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["#"] = { group = "quantity" }, ["-#"] = { group = "quantity" }, surname = { group = "kind" }, given = { group = "kind" }, place = { group = "kind" }, proper = { group = "kind" }, irreg = { group = "type" }, indecl = { group = "type" }, ["!"] = { group = "type" }, ["+"] = { group = "type" }, pron = { group = "type" }, num = { group = "type" }, decllemma = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, r = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, soft = {}, }, adjective = { irreg = {}, plonly = {}, archdat = {}, decllemma = { value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, num = {}, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, pos = { value = "part of speech" }, }, } -- The parts of speech an adjective table can be categorized under (given with `pos:` on one of its words, with -- `adjective` as the default), along with the plural its categories use ("Polish hard pronouns"). data.parts_of_speech = { adjective = "adjectives", pronoun = "pronouns", determiner = "determiners", numeral = "numerals", suffix = "suffixes", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lects -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The lects that have a table of their own (`lect:CODE`), by their code in [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. An "attested" table lists the forms given and nothing else (`respelling` gives the link target of each form), and a "paradigm" generates the forms from the `rules` named. The forms of any other lect go in the `dialectal` table, each tagged with its lect. The names of the lects are read from [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. ]==] data.lect_tables = { -- The Middle Polish forms link to their modern spelling, using `middle_polish_respelling`. mpl = { table = "attested", respelling = "middle_polish_respelling" }, -- The Standard Kurpie forms are generated from `kurpie`. skur = { table = "paradigm", rules = "kurpie" }, } -- The data module of the lects, with their codes, names and aliases. data.lect_module = "Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl" -- The start of the title of a lect's table (or of the dialectal table), before its head. data.lect_titles = { mpl = "Attested Middle Polish forms of ", skur = "Standard Kurpian declension of ", dialectal = "Attested dialectal forms of ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Categories -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The categories of a table of the standard language, each after the language's name ("Polish singularia tantum"). A noun table of one word is categorized by its stem type and gender (`stem`, e.g. "velar feminine nouns"), by what its forms show (`reducible` for a mobile ''e'', `quantitative` for ''ó''/''o'' or ''ą''/''ę''), and by its type (`irregular`, `adjectival`, `indeclinable`). A phrase, a pronoun or a numeral is only categorized by its number. An adjective table is categorized by its kind and part of speech (`adjective_kind`, e.g. "hard adjectives" or "soft pronouns"), and by any short forms and irregular stem. ]==] data.categories = { singularia_tantum = "singularia tantum", pluralia_tantum = "pluralia tantum", stem = "%s %s nouns", reducible = "nouns with reducible stem", quantitative = "nouns with quantitative vowel alternation", irregular = "irregular nouns", adjectival = "adjectival nouns", indeclinable = "indeclinable nouns", adjective_kind = "%s %s", short_forms = "%s with short forms", irregular_stem = "%s with irregular stem", } -- The gender of a noun as its stem category names it, by gender and (for masculines) animacy. data.category_genders = { m = { pr = "masculine personal", anml = "masculine animal", inan = "masculine inanimate" }, f = "feminine", n = "neuter", } -- The stem type of a noun by the last consonant of its stem: velar, soft (including the functionally soft ''c'', -- ''cz'', ''dz'', ''dż'', ''rz'', ''sz'' and ''ż''), or otherwise hard. data.stem_types = { velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true, i = true, c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true, }, } -- The Middle Polish letters that are respelled in the link target of a form (''ptåka'' links to [[ptaka]]). The form -- itself is shown as written. data.middle_polish_respelling = { ["å"] = "a", ["á"] = "a", ["é"] = "e", ["Å"] = "A", ["Á"] = "A", ["É"] = "E", } --[==[ The Standard Kurpie paradigm (`lect:skur`) * `palatal`: what the last consonant (or cluster) of a stem becomes before an ending with `stem = "palatal"`. An ''s'' or ''z'' before a softened consonant is softened too (''masło'' → ''maśle'', ''źosna'' → ''źośńe''), but not the ''z'' of ''rz''. The velars only change before the ''-e'' of a feminine; a masculine or neuter velar takes ''-u''. * `hardened`: the consonants after which an ending's ''ï'' is written ''y'' (''ulicy'', ''nocy''). * `soft` and `velar`: the last consonants that make a stem soft or velar, which decide the type of a lemma. * `mazurated`: the last consonants that can come from mazuration (''s'', ''z'', ''c'', ''dz'' for ''sz'', ''ż'', ''cz'', ''dż''). The indicator `soft` makes such a stem soft, as in ''lystonos'' (< ''listonosz''), whose spelling doesn't show it; ''sołtys'' stays hard. * `nouns[GENDER][TYPE]`: the ending of each slot, as in `noun_groups` (a string, or `{ ending, stem = "palatal" }`). The type comes from the lemma; see `paradigm_type` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]. * `copies[GENDER]` and `animate_copies[ANIMACY]`: the slots that take the forms of another slot. * `clear`, `clear_before_nasal` and `nasals`: the alternation of `#`, by which the slanted vowel of the last syllable of a consonant-final lemma is clear before an ending (''kśądz'', ''kśę̈dza''). Before one of the `nasals`, where ''o'' is always written ''ó'', the slanted ''ó'' alternates with ''a''. * `adjective`: the endings of the single adjective declension, by slot of `adjective_slots`, added to the lemma minus its last letter. ]==] data.kurpie = { palatal = { ["rzn"] = "rzń", ["rzł"] = "rzl", st = "ść", zd = "źdź", sn = "śń", zn = "źń", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", sm = "śń", zm = "źń", b = "bź", p = "pś", f = "ś", w = "ź", m = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", t = "ć", d = "dź", n = "ń", r = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ch = "s", k = "c", g = "dz", }, hardened = { c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true }, -- The type of a lemma, by gender. Take the first entry whose ending the lemma has (`""` for none; with -- `consonant_final`, only if it doesn't end in one of the `vowels`). The type is that of the first class in the -- entry's `by_final` that has the last consonant of the stem, and otherwise `default`; it is a type of the gender -- `declension` if the entry gives one. With the indicator `soft`, it is the entry's `soft`. types = { f = { { ending = "a", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, -- After a soft consonant, the ending is written ''-å'' (''sukńå''). { ending = "å", default = "soft" }, { ending = "", by_final = { { "soft", "soft_consonant" } }, default = "hard_consonant" }, }, n = { { ending = "um", default = "latinate" }, -- A final ''ę'' is written ''ë'' (''wyńë''). { ending = "ë", default = "nasal" }, -- A soft stem in ''-o'' is a j-stem (''jajo''). { ending = "o", by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "hardened", "hardened" }, { "soft", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "e", by_final = { { "hardened", "hardened" } }, default = "soft" }, }, m = { { ending = "", consonant_final = true, by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard", soft = "soft" }, -- An animate masculine in ''-a'' or ''-å'' (''starosta'', ''sę̈dźå'') declines as a feminine, with the -- accusative plural of its animacy. { ending = "a", declension = "f", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "å", declension = "f", default = "soft" }, }, }, -- The nominative plural endings a plurale tantum can have, tried in order (''Ńëmcy''). plural_nominatives = { "y", "ï", "e", "a" }, vowels = "aąeęioóuyåéëï", -- A personal or animal velar has a type of its own, with the genitive and accusative in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_types = { velar = "animate_velar" }, -- How the first letter of an ending is written after a hardened consonant (''ï'' as ''y''). hardened_spelling = { ["ï"] = "y" }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true }, velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, mazurated = { s = true, z = true, c = true, dz = true }, -- The consonants after which an adjective has ''-ï'' for ''-y'' (''głupśï''). adjective_soft = { ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["ć"] = true, ["dź"] = true, ["ń"] = true, j = true }, clear = { ["ó"] = "o", ["é"] = "e", ["å"] = "a", ["ą"] = "ę̈" }, clear_before_nasal = { ["ó"] = "a" }, nasals = { m = true, n = true, ["ń"] = true }, nouns = { m = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "u", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, -- A personal or animal velar takes the genitive (and accusative) in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, }, f = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, hard_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "y", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "y", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "y", }, soft_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "ï", }, }, n = { hard = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "å", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "u", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, hardened = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, nasal = { nom_p = "óna", gen_s = "ëńå", gen_p = "ónów", dat_s = "ëńu", dat_p = "ónóm", ins_s = "ëńëm", ins_p = "ónańï", loc_s = "ëńu", loc_p = "ónach", }, latinate = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "um", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "um", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "um", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", }, }, }, copies = { m = { voc_s = "loc_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, f = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, n = { acc_s = "nom_s", voc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, }, animate_copies = { pr = { acc_p = "gen_p" }, anml = { acc_p = "nom_p" }, inan = { acc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p" }, }, -- The other slots are shared as in the standard tables (e.g. the dative and locative feminine come from the -- genitive), and the plural has one nominative for both genders. adjective = { nom_n = "e", nom_f = "å", nom_mp_pers = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e", gen_mn = "égo", gen_f = "éj", gen_p = "éch", dat_mn = "ëmu", dat_p = "ëm", acc_f = "ó", ins_mn = "ëm", ins_p = "ëńï", }, } -- The rule gender of each gender and animacy of a call. data.rule_gender = { m = { pr = "m-pr", anml = "m-anml", inan = "m-in" }, f = "f", n = "n", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lexicon -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of a noun in the order the lexicon lists them in. data.slot_order = { "nom_s", "gen_s", "dat_s", "acc_s", "ins_s", "loc_s", "voc_s", "nom_p", "gen_p", "dat_p", "acc_p", "ins_p", "loc_p", "voc_p", } -- The irregular nouns of `<irreg>`, by lemma, with their gender and animacy and every form, in `slot_order`. data.irregular_nouns = { ["brat"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "brat", "brata", "bratu", "brata", "bratem", "bracie", "bracie", "bracia", "braci", "braciom", "braci", "braćmi", "braciach", "bracia", }, ["dziecko"] = { gender = "n", "dziecko", "dziecka", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieckiem", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieci", "dzieci", "dzieciom", "dzieci", "dziećmi", "dzieciach", "dzieci", }, ["ksiądz"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "ksiądz", "księdza", "księdzu", "księdza", "księdzem", "księdzu", "księże", "księża", "księży", "księżom", "księży", "księżmi", "księżach", "księża", }, ["książę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "książę", "księcia", "księciu", "księcia", "księciem", "księciu", "książę", "książęta", "książąt", "książętom", "książąt", "książętami", "książętach", "książęta", }, ["rok"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "inan", "rok", "roku", "rokowi", "rok", "rokiem", "roku", "roku", "lata", "lat", "latom", "lata", "latami", "latach", "lata", }, ["arcyksiążę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciem", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksiążęta", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętom", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętami", "arcyksiążętach", "arcyksiążęta", }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Pronouns, numerals and noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The pronouns of `<pron>`, by lemma, with the numbers of the table (`numberless` for ''siebie'') and the forms of each slot, each a string or `{ form, notes = { KEY... } }` with keys of `notes`. A pronoun made of one of these plus an ending in `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. ''cośkolwiek'') declines like the pronoun, with the ending after every form. ]==] data.pronouns = { ["co"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "co" }, gen_s = { "czego", { "co", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemu" }, acc_s = { "co" }, ins_s = { "czym" }, loc_s = { "czym" }, }, ["cokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "czegokolwiek", { "cokolwiek", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "cokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, }, ["coś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "coś" }, gen_s = { "czegoś", { "coś", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuś" }, acc_s = { "coś" }, ins_s = { "czymś" }, loc_s = { "czymś" }, }, ["cóż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cóż" }, gen_s = { "czegoż", "czegóż", { "cóż", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuż" }, acc_s = { "cóż" }, ins_s = { "czymże" }, loc_s = { "czymże" }, }, ["ja"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ja" }, gen_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "mnie", { "mi", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, ins_s = { "mną" }, loc_s = { "mnie" }, }, ["kto"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "kto" }, gen_s = { "kogo" }, dat_s = { "komu" }, acc_s = { "kogo" }, ins_s = { "kim" }, loc_s = { "kim" }, }, ["ktokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, dat_s = { "komukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, }, ["ktoś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktoś" }, gen_s = { "kogoś" }, dat_s = { "komuś" }, acc_s = { "kogoś" }, ins_s = { "kimś" }, loc_s = { "kimś" }, }, ["któż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "któż" }, gen_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, dat_s = { "komuż" }, acc_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, ins_s = { "kimże" }, loc_s = { "kimże" }, }, ["my"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "my" }, gen_p = { "nas" }, dat_p = { "nam" }, acc_p = { "nas" }, ins_p = { "nami" }, loc_p = { "nas" }, voc_p = { "my" }, }, ["nic"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nic" }, gen_s = { "nic", "niczego" }, dat_s = { "niczemu" }, acc_s = { "nic" }, ins_s = { "niczym" }, loc_s = { "niczym" }, }, ["nikt"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nikt" }, gen_s = { "nikogo" }, dat_s = { "nikomu" }, acc_s = { "nikogo" }, ins_s = { "nikim" }, loc_s = { "nikim" }, }, ["on"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "on" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["ona"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ona" }, gen_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "ją", { "nią", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nią" }, loc_s = { "niej" }, }, ["one"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "one" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["oni"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "oni" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["ono"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ono" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["siebie"] = { numbers = { "s" }, numberless = true, gen_s = { "siebie", "się" }, dat_s = { "sobie", "se" }, acc_s = { "siebie", "się" }, ins_s = { "sobą" }, loc_s = { "sobie", "se" }, }, ["ty"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ty" }, gen_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, dat_s = { "tobie", { "ci", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, ins_s = { "tobą" }, loc_s = { "tobie" }, voc_s = { "ty", { "te", notes = { "proscribed", "colloquial" } } }, }, ["wszystko"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "wszystko" }, gen_s = { "wszystkiego" }, dat_s = { "wszystkiemu" }, acc_s = { "wszystko" }, ins_s = { "wszystkim" }, loc_s = { "wszystkim" }, }, ["wy"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "wy" }, gen_p = { "was" }, dat_p = { "wam" }, acc_p = { "was" }, ins_p = { "wami" }, loc_p = { "was" }, voc_p = { "wy" }, }, } data.pronoun_suffixes = { "śkolwiek", "kolwiek", "ś" } --[==[ The numerals of `<num>`, by the end of their lemma (the longest one a lemma ends in applies). `numeral_rules` has the cardinals of {{tl|pl-adecl}} (''pięć'', ''trzy'', ''-naście'', ''-set''), with a virile and a non-virile column in the slots of `adjective_slots`, and `collective_rules` has the collectives of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} (''pięcioro'', ''dwoje''), in the plural slots of a noun. Each slot has the endings that follow the lemma minus its key, as in `noun_groups`, and the comment on each rule names the numerals it was made from. ]==] data.numeral_rules = { ["a"] = { -- kilka nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "a", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "a", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["adziesiąt"] = { -- kilkadziesiąt nom_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", gen_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięcioma", "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, }, ["adzieścia"] = { -- dwadzieścia nom_mp_pers = "udziestu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", gen_p = "udziestu", dat_p = "udziestu", acc_mp_pers = "udziestu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", ins_p = { "udziestoma", "udziestu" }, loc_p = "udziestu", }, ["akroć"] = { -- dwakroć nom_mp_pers = "ukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", gen_p = "ukroć", dat_p = "ukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", ins_p = { "ukroć", { "omakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukroć", }, ["anaście"] = { -- dwanaście, kilkanaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["aset"] = { -- kilkaset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["edziesiąt"] = { -- wieledziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ekolwiek"] = { -- ilekolwiek nom_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", gen_p = "ukolwiek", dat_p = "ukolwiek", acc_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", ins_p = { "ukolwiek", { "omakolwiek", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukolwiek", }, ["ele"] = { -- niewiele, wiele nom_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", gen_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", ins_p = { "eloma", "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" }, { "elą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, }, ["em"] = { -- siedem nom_mp_pers = "miu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miu", dat_p = "miu", acc_mp_pers = "miu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "mioma", "miu" }, loc_p = "miu", }, ["emkroć"] = { -- siedemkroć nom_mp_pers = "miukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", gen_p = "miukroć", dat_p = "miukroć", acc_mp_pers = "miukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", ins_p = { "miukroć", { "miomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miukroć", }, ["emset"] = { -- siedemset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["eset"] = { -- wieleset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["eś"] = { -- ileś nom_mp_pers = "uś", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", gen_p = "uś", dat_p = "uś", acc_mp_pers = "uś", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", ins_p = { "uś", { "omaś", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uś", }, ["eż"] = { -- ileż, tyleż, wieleż nom_mp_pers = "uż", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", gen_p = "uż", dat_p = "uż", acc_mp_pers = "uż", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", ins_p = { "uż", { "omaż", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uż", }, ["ieście"] = { -- dwieście nom_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", gen_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = "ustu", acc_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", ins_p = { "ustu", { "omaset", note = "rare" }, { "ustoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ile"] = { -- ile nom_mp_pers = "ilu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", gen_p = "ilu", dat_p = "ilu", acc_mp_pers = "ilu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", ins_p = { "iloma", "ilu" }, loc_p = "ilu", }, ["mset"] = { -- siedmset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["o"] = { -- sto nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "o", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "o", ins_p = { "u", { "oma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "u", }, ["siem"] = { -- osiem nom_mp_pers = "śmiu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiu", dat_p = "śmiu", acc_mp_pers = "śmiu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmioma", "śmiu" }, loc_p = "śmiu", }, ["siemkroć"] = { -- osiemkroć nom_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", gen_p = "śmiukroć", dat_p = "śmiukroć", acc_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", ins_p = { "śmiukroć", { "śmiomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiukroć", }, ["siemset"] = { -- osiemset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, ["y"] = { -- cztery, trzy nom_mp_pers = { "ech", "ej" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "y", gen_p = "ech", dat_p = "em", acc_mp_pers = "ech", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "y", ins_p = "ema", loc_p = "ech", }, ["ykroć"] = { -- trzykroć nom_mp_pers = "echkroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", gen_p = "echkroć", dat_p = "echkroć", acc_mp_pers = "echkroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", ins_p = { "echkroć", { "emakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "echkroć", }, ["yle"] = { -- tyle nom_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", gen_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", ins_p = { "yloma", "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" }, { "ylą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ysta"] = { -- czterysta, trzysta nom_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", gen_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, dat_p = "ystu", acc_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", ins_p = { "ystu", { "ystoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, }, ["ąt"] = { -- dziewięćdziesiąt, osiemdziesiąt, ośmdziesiąt, pięćdziesiąt, siedemdziesiąt, siedmdziesiąt, sześćdziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "ęciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", gen_p = "ęciu", dat_p = "ęciu", acc_mp_pers = "ęciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", ins_p = { "ęcioma", "ęciu" }, loc_p = "ęciu", }, ["ć"] = { -- dziesięć, dziewięć, pięć, sześć nom_mp_pers = "ciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", gen_p = "ciu", dat_p = "ciu", acc_mp_pers = "ciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", ins_p = { "cioma", "ciu" }, loc_p = "ciu", }, ["ćkroć"] = { -- pięćkroć nom_mp_pers = "ciukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", gen_p = "ciukroć", dat_p = "ciukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ciukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", ins_p = { "ciukroć", { "ciomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciukroć", }, ["ćset"] = { -- dziewięćset, pięćset, sześćset nom_mp_pers = "ciuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", gen_p = "ciuset", dat_p = "ciuset", acc_mp_pers = "ciuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", ins_p = { "ciuset", { "ciomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciuset", }, ["ę"] = { -- parę nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["ędziesiąt"] = { -- parędziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ęnaście"] = { -- paręnaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["ęset"] = { -- paręset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["ści"] = { -- czterdzieści, trzydzieści nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["ście"] = { -- czternaście, dziewiętnaście, jedenaście, naście, osiemnaście, ośmnaście, piętnaście, siedemnaście, siedmnaście, szesnaście, trzynaście nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["śmset"] = { -- ośmset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, } data.collective_rules = { ["e"] = { -- dwoje, oboje, obydwoje, obydwoje, troje nom_p = "e", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "e", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "e", }, ["o"] = { -- czterdzieścioro, czternaścioro, czworo, dwadzieścioro, dwanaścioro, dziesięcioro, dziewiętnaścioro, dziewięcioro, dziewięćdziesięcioro, jedenaścioro, kilkoro, kilkadziesięcioro, kilkanaścioro, naścioro, ośmioro, osiemdziesięcioro, osiemnaścioro, ośmdziesięcioro, ośmnaścioro, piętnaścioro, pięcioro, pięćdziesięcioro, siedmioro, siedemdziesięcioro, siedemnaścioro, siedmdziesięcioro, siedmnaścioro, szesnaścioro, sześcioro, sześćdziesięcioro, trzydzieścioro, trzynaścioro nom_p = "o", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "o", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "o", }, } --[==[ The noun groups, keyed `GENDER KIND NUMBER NOMINATIVE` (e.g. `m-pr common sg `, `f common sg a`, `n place pl y`): * `copies`: the slots that take the forms of another slot (e.g. `acc_s = "gen_s"`). * `rules`: the forms of each slot, by the ending of the stem (`""` is the default). A slot's forms are an ending (a string) or a list of endings, and an ending given as a table can name a `stem` alternation and a `note`. ]==] data.noun_groups = { ["f common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["edź"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nt"] = { gen_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["oć"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["rś"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["tać"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ódź"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ęś"] = { ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ń"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["acz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["all"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ans"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["arł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ast"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["bni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["cn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["cni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["cow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = { "", "y" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["czi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["czm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["dow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dż"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ebn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["fi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["fl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["g"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["gl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["hi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["hl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["hni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["how"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ij"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ion"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["izd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["izi"] = { voc_s = "u" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jom"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ki"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["kk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ksz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ml"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["msz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["nan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ni"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["nni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["nod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", nom_p = "a" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oj"] = { dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "", gen_s = "ej" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["otw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźb"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["p"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["pl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["pow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["r"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["raż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["rzn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["rąż"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["s"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["sc"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["si"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["skr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["szw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ti"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uni"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "u" }, ["uzd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["wol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["wsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["zd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zdr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "" }, ["zl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["zz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ój"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąt"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ępi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ęż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["łbi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["łob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ńsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ści"] = { voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["źn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["źni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["żi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["żni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["żon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { acc_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" } }, ["can"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["san"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, }, }, ["f given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["fi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["ki"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["mi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["nc"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["nul"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["f place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" } }, ["ać"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eś"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, { "e", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ść"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f place sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ask"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["asn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["aw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["ck"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["el"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["enn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ew"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ewn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ez"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ibi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["iw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["iz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["kw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["lw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["lz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mbi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["mż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["odz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ojn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["opn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["prz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["szn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["tcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["usk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["wcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["yst"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["zw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąck"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-a" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["EP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OK"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["PR"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["S"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "", "-etom" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu" }, ins_p = { "", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, }, }, ["f proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, nom_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, }, }, ["f surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["adł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ajn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ak"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["an"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["azł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["bk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["dk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["dni"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "m", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", voc_s = "a" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dzk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["en"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["esk"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["fk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["gł"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["h"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ian"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["in"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["izn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["jew"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["jk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["jn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["kat"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["lan"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["mk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["nk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ok"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["on"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["osk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["osn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["own"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["p"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["pk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["tk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["un"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["wk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["x"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["y"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["yk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["yn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["zk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["zł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["ąk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ćk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["łk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["łn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ńk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["śk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ż"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["żk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["f surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = {}, ins_p = { "m", stem = "fronted" }, ins_s = {}, loc_p = {}, loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "dziadków", stem = "irregular" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "zym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "zych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "zymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "zych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich" }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ard"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ast"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["aść"] = { dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_s = "ą", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bp"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, { "ze", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["dan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów", { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["dr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dur"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dyw"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = { "", "s" }, gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = { "", "s" }, voc_s = "" }, ["eb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ep"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eus"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["eń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["fel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ger"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["han"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["hot"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ib"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["icz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ieć"] = { loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ień"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["iks"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ior"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ir"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["iz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["jas"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jor"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["kok"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["kon"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["kup"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = "i", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["lan"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["lar"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["len"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["leń"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lub"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["mp"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["nel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ng"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nin"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "truncated" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "truncated" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "truncated" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "truncated" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "truncated" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "truncated+palatal" } }, ["nuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nuś"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ob"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ont"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ord"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["pan"] = { dat_s = "u", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["pis"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rab"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ruk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["san"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sul"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["trz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["tur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["uaw"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ud"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wed"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wun"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yr"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["zcz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zes"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["zeń"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["zym"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ódz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ójt"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ąb"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ę"] = { dat_p = "tom", dat_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, depr_p = "ta", gen_p = { "t", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = { "cia", note = "dated" }, ins_p = "tami", ins_s = { "ciem", note = "dated" }, loc_p = "tach", loc_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, nom_p = "ta", voc_s = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łuk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["łup"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["żer"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["żeń"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["bi"] = { ins_s = { "ą", { "m", note = "dated" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "y" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "ę" }, dat_s = { "", "emu" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "", "ego" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "owie" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ped"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ri"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "ów" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ac"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["as"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["bol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["dl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ec"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["el"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["eśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["gl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego" }, ["ic"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["iol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["is"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["nc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["os"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["pl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["uc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["us"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["wol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["yc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ys"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęs"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["żl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gol"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "e", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["h"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["m"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ol"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["p"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["s"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["z"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "a", "y" }, gen_s = "y", ins_s = "ą", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["arz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["asz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["aż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["brz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["drz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["eż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["irz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["on"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["oż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ron"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["soł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["tcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["urz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["uż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ydz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["yż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["łon"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["żcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["aak"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["dot"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eg"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ew"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["ier"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["jan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["las"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lf"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ros"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ses"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["st"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["tan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["van"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wer"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["weł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" } }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["yp"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zor"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąd"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["at"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "onowi", depr_p = "ony", gen_p = "onów", gen_s = "ona", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "onem", loc_p = "onach", loc_s = "onie", nom_p = "onowie", voc_s = { "o", "onie" } }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "o", ins_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { depr_p = { "a", "o" }, loc_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" }, voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rr"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "y'emu" }, depr_p = { "e", "y'e" }, gen_s = { "ego", "y'ego" }, nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { depr_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ai"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "owi" }, gen_s = { "a", "ego" } }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cu"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["dz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eau"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "e", { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { "u", { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["eu"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, nom_p = "" }, ["ez"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "y", { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gh"] = { depr_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = { "m", "om" }, dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "ch", "ów" }, gen_s = "", ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, ins_s = { "em", "m" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ch" }, loc_s = { "m", "u" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["iel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ieu"] = { loc_s = { "", "m" } }, ["ieł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ii"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = "" }, ["iz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["jc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["kój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oe"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "", ins_s = "", loc_s = "" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["que"] = { dat_p = "'om", gen_p = "'ów", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["reć"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "reduced" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "reduced" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "reduced" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "reduced" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, "owie" } }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "u", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, depr_p = { "", "y" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "a" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "owie" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ue"] = { dat_s = "'owi", gen_s = "'a", loc_s = "'u" }, ["ues"] = { dat_p = "'om", dat_s = "'owi", gen_p = "'ów", gen_s = "'a", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", loc_s = "'u", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["ugh"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["wec"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ąz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["x"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["gn"] = { depr_p = "e'e", loc_s = "e'u", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ion"] = { depr_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ow"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rt"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["c"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["czk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["dk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["f"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["g"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["hk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = { "i", "owie" } }, ["lk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["tk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["śk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["and"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["b"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "y" } }, ["ejn"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["ett"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["h"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["ied"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["jd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["mb"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ng"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "i", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["nt"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["od"] = { gen_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ott"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["p"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["rd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["rr"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["s"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "a" }, ["sc"] = { dat_p = "o", gen_p = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ss"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", ins_s = "em" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ud"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["w"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["yd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", "y" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "a", "y" }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" }, loc_s = { "u", "y" } }, ["zad"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["ł"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["łd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ńd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["aw"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["azn"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["azł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ern"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "virile" } } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_s = "iego", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["sn"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["st"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["sł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["th"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["tzk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["yt"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ér"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["ąc"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["źn"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["ac"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bel"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["del"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["e"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eet"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["lac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["niś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["oll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ont"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["paw"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["raś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["rp"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tat"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" } }, ["u"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["x"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["yś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ób"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { acc_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["o"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "a", dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'y" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "y" } }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["i"] = { voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ego", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-anml given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, }, }, ["m-anml proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ec"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, }, }, ["m-in common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["B"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["I"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["K"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["ML"] = { acc_s = { "", "-a" }, gen_p = { "-i", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-a", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["P"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["T"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["abl"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["ail"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "ów", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["ak"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["am"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["arc"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["bul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["car"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["cer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["dal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dź"] = { acc_s = { "", { "a", stem = "shortened", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["em"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["enc"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["eol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["eor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["eus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" } }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["fel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ger"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["gół"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["haj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["hel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["her"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["how"] = { gen_s = "" }, ["hyl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hór"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ial"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["iej"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iek"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ij"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["im"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ior"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["isz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["itr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["izd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iąc"] = { gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["iąk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["iść"] = { ins_p = "mi" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["jas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["jem"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["jm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kch"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["kej"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["ker"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kic"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["km"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["laż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ler"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["lol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["lus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląg"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląt"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["maj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["mal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["mol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["nar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["nch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["nek"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["nel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ner"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["neż"] = { gen_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["nol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["nor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nur"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nyp"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nóg"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" } }, ["nóż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["och"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ocz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["oik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["om"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ool"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["or"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["our"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["pal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["per"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["pol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["por"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["prz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ror"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rus"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["rąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["sal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ser"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sh"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["tal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["til"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["tyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["um"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["unk"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["urz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ycz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ym"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ysz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["zcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["zd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zeń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zub"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ząg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óż"] = { gen_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, { "ów", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ć"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ęs"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łat"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łup"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ńc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ść"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["żel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["życ"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["żyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "a", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'u", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'y" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e" }, ["g"] = { loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'e" }, ["hon"] = { acc_s = { "e", "e'a" } }, ["ir"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["l"] = { nom_p = "e'e" }, ["lag"] = { gen_p = { "e'y", "e'ów" } }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "e'u" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ban"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["bol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["dl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["el"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["gl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["ian"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["im"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ks"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nom"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ran"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["wl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["wol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ym"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ćm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["żl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["Kum"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ab"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["adz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["aj"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["an"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ask"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["aw"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["azd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["biń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["boń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ceń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["doń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["duń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dyń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["eb"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["eg"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["en"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ep"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ew"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["eść"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["goń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["hel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iw"] = { dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["kok"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["las"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["leń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["lk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["lm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ng"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nim"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ok"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ork"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["oł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ość"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["pas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rb"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rsz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ryń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["róz"] = { gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["s"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["taw"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ub"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ud"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ug"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["um"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["us"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["vik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened", note = "archaic" } }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, ["wil"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["zok"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zyż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ząb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ęk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęp"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["łak"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["łm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łom"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łub"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["śl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, acc_s = "e", dat_p = { "e", "e'om" }, dat_s = { "e", "e'owi" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "e", "e'ów" }, gen_s = { "e", "e'u" }, ins_p = { "e", "e'ami" }, ins_s = { "e", "e'em" }, loc_p = { "e", "e'ach" }, loc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["AT"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["J"] = { dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" } }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OT"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Ol"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = "-ecie", nom_p = { "-ety", "-y" } }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["el"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["iD"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-zie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["iK"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-iem", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-i" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kot"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "" }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["Ś"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, }, }, ["n common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n common pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["ekt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["it"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["nt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ust"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zwi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "ym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ani"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "mi", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ic"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["jc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sat"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ż"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, }, }, ["n common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ajk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach" }, ["jtk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "i", loc_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["unk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["om"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["on"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, }, }, ["n common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ema"] = { dat_p = "tom", gen_p = "tów", ins_p = "tami", loc_p = "tach", nom_p = "ta" }, ["lon"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["il"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "e" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["mil"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "iów", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach", nom_p = "ia" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["nal"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["nci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["si"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["wal"] = { dat_s = "u", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["woj"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["zc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["żci"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["a"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ł", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "le", note = "colloquial" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["al"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["at"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["atł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["cer"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["cz"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["dk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } } }, ["eg"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["end"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ent"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["est"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["eł"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["fot"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = "u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["int"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["jk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["li"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["mk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["nak"] = { dat_s = { "owi", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, nom_p = { "a", "i" } }, ["ng"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ol"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ors"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["pol"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["re"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["red"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["st"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["tk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["zz"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["n common sg ę"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ętom", dat_s = "ęciu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ąt", gen_s = "ęcia", ins_p = "ętami", ins_s = "ęciem", loc_p = "ętach", nom_p = "ęta" }, ["mi"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "eniu", gen_p = "on", gen_s = "enia", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "eniem", loc_p = "onach", nom_p = "ona" }, }, }, ["n place pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ot"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["yt"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["alc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["cel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eńc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["olc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["źc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ag"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["isk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lig"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ośk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ruk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sęk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ug"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zeg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["łak"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n place pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ach"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["doł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ep"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gon"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hab"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["id"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["is"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["kan"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["koł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ndr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ord"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["os"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ozd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rob"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["roz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tos"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["um"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["was"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zch"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zyb"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ąs"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ład"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łoz"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["łyn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["żn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nd"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n place sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "ch" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, }, }, ["n place sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["ad"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ag"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ajn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["amn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ew"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ewn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["iw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["izn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ong"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["osn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["sn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["tw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["udn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów", { "", stem = "lengthened" } } }, ["ówn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łot"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["śn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg um"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, acc_s = "um", dat_p = { "om", { "um", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = "um", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "um", gen_s = "um", ins_p = { "ami", { "um", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = "um", loc_p = { "ach", { "um", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = "um", nom_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "um" }, }, }, ["n proper pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "e", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "y", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["BS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["J"] = { acc_p = { "", "-oty" }, dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_s = { "", "-ocie" } }, ["L"] = { acc_p = { "", "-e" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["R"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["Z"] = { acc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, ["k"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { acc_p = { "", "y" }, dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" }, voc_p = { "", "y" }, voc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ś"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg e"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "a", voc_p = "a", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["n proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = "ego", ins_p = {}, ins_s = "ym", loc_p = {}, loc_s = "ym", nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Adjective rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of an adjective in table order: the singular by gender column (the masculine animate and inanimate share -- most of them), then the virile and non-virile plural. data.adjective_slots = { "nom_m", "nom_f", "nom_n", "nom_mp_pers", "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "gen_mn", "gen_f", "gen_p", "dat_mn", "dat_f", "dat_p", "acc_m_an", "acc_m_in", "acc_f", "acc_n", "acc_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers", "ins_mn", "ins_f", "ins_p", "loc_mn", "loc_f", "loc_p", "short", } -- The nominative endings of an adjective's lemma (its masculine singular), which pick its group in `adjective_groups`. data.adjective_nominatives = { "y", "i" } -- The kind of an adjective, for its title and category, given by the first pattern its lemma matches. data.adjective_kinds = { { "y$", "hard" }, { "[kg]i$", "velar" }, { "", "soft" } } -- How to find the masculine of an adjectival word given in another gender (''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → -- ''tani'', ''wielkie'' → ''wielki'', and likewise a non-virile plural such as ''Zjednoczone''). Take the first ending -- of its rule gender (`plural` for a plural) that it has, and replace it with the soft masculine ending if the ending -- is `soft` or the stem ends in a letter of `soft_after`, and with the hard one otherwise. data.adjective_lemma = { endings = { f = { { "ia", soft = true }, { "a" } }, n = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, plural = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, }, soft = "i", hard = "y", soft_after = { k = true, g = true }, } -- The endings that follow the softened consonant of a virile nominative plural (''krew|ni'', ''pols|c|y''), used to -- find the masculine of a virile adjectival word. data.virile_endings = { "", "y" } -- The noun slot that each adjective slot of an adjectival word fills, by the rule gender of the noun. `plural` is the -- plural of every rule gender except `m-pr`, whose plural is in its own entry. The vocative is the nominative. data.adjectival_slots = { ["m-pr"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", nom_p = "nom_mp_pers", acc_p = "acc_mp_pers", voc_p = "nom_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", }, ["m-anml"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, ["m-in"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_in", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, f = { nom_s = "nom_f", gen_s = "gen_f", dat_s = "dat_f", acc_s = "acc_f", ins_s = "ins_f", loc_s = "loc_f", voc_s = "nom_f", }, n = { nom_s = "nom_n", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_n", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_n", }, plural = { nom_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", acc_p = "acc_p_not_mp_pers", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", voc_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", }, } -- The adjective slots that always have the forms of another slot, by source slot: the dative, instrumental and -- locative feminine singular come from the genitive and accusative, the locative masculine singular from the -- instrumental, and the locative plural from the genitive. data.adjective_shared = { gen_f = { "dat_f", "loc_f" }, acc_f = { "ins_f" }, ins_mn = { "loc_mn" }, gen_p = { "loc_p" }, } -- The accusatives an adjective takes from other slots, as pairs of source and accusative. data.adjective_accusatives = { { "nom_n", "acc_n" }, { "gen_mn", "acc_m_an" }, { "nom_m", "acc_m_in" }, { "gen_p", "acc_mp_pers" }, { "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers" }, { "nom_mp_npers", "acc_mp_npers" }, { "nom_fp", "acc_fp" }, { "nom_np", "acc_np" }, } -- The last letter of an adjective stem that drops before an ending starting with the given letter (e.g. ''moj-'' + -- ''-ich'' → ''moich''). data.adjective_dropped = { j = "i" } -- The archaic dative added by `archdat` (''polsku''): its ending, added to the adjective's stem, and its footnote (a -- key of `notes`). data.archaic_dative = { "u", note = "archaic" } --[==[ The irregular adjectives of `<irreg>`, tried on the lemma in order. `pattern` captures the stem (or `stem` gives it), and each of the `sets` adds forms to the stem (plus `add`), with an optional footnote. A set's `endings` give the slots in which a regular adjective has its own forms; the other slots are shared as for every adjective (the dative, instrumental and locative feminine singular are the genitive, accusative and genitive; the locative masculine singular is the instrumental; and the locative plural is the genitive). `-` as an ending means the lemma itself. A set's `own` endings fill a slot without that sharing. `table` names a table with slots of its own (`dwa` for the plural of ''dwa'' and ''oba'', and `plonly` for the plural only). ]==] local function normal(nom_f, nom_n, nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn, gen_f, gen_p, dat_mn, dat_p, acc_f, ins_mn, ins_p) return { nom_f = nom_f, nom_n = nom_n, nom_mp_pers = nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers = nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn = gen_mn, gen_f = gen_f, gen_p = gen_p, dat_mn = dat_mn, dat_p = dat_p, acc_f = acc_f, ins_mn = ins_mn, ins_p = ins_p, } end local DWA = { table = "dwa", sets = { { own = { nom_mp_pers = "aj", nom_mp_npers = "a", nom_fp = "ie", nom_np = "a", gen_p = { "u", "óch" }, dat_p = { "u", "om", "óm" }, ins_mnp = { "oma", "u" }, ins_fp = { "iema", "oma", "u" }, loc_p = { "u", "óch" }, }, } }, } data.irregular_adjectives = { { pattern = "^(dw)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(ob)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(.*[st]w)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*m)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*)ten$", sets = { { endings = normal("ta", "to", "ci", "te", "tego", "tej", "tych", "temu", "tym", nil, "tym", "tymi") }, { own = { acc_f = "tę" } }, { own = { acc_f = "tą" }, note = "proscribed but much more common" }, { own = { ins_f = "tą" } }, } }, -- ''tenże'' declines like ''ten'', with ''-ż'' after a vowel and ''-że'' after a consonant. { pattern = "^(.*)tenże$", sets = { { endings = normal("taż", "toż", "ciż", "też", "tegoż", "tejże", "tychże", "temuż", "tymże", nil, "tymże", "tymiż") }, { own = { acc_f = { "tęż", "tęże", "tąż", "tąże" }, ins_f = { "tąż", "tąże" } } }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*czyj)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*sam)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*jed)en$", sets = { { add = "n", endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(on)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^ów$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^owy$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*il)e$", table = "plonly", sets = { { endings = normal(nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, nil, "u", nil, "u", nil, nil, "u") }, { own = { ins_p = "oma" }, note = "rare" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*wszys)tek$", sets = { { add = "tk", endings = normal("a", "o", nil, "ie", "iego", "iej", "ich", "iemu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi"), archaic_dative = "u" }, { add = "c", own = { nom_mp_pers = "y" } }, } }, } --[==[ The adjective groups, keyed `adj common sg NOMINATIVE` (the lemma's ending, `y` or `i`) like the noun groups. ]==] data.adjective_groups = { ["adj common sg "] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_f = "ą", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["."] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["a"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ad"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {}, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["asz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["d"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "" }, ["e"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["en"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "reduced" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "reduced" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ych", stem = "reduced" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, ins_mn = { "ym", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ymi", stem = "reduced" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ent"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "shortened" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "shortened" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "shortened" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["n"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nd"] = { nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["nt"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {} }, ["o"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["om"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ron"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["rt"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["w"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yj"] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", ins_f = "ą", nom_f = "a", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["é"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ż"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, }, }, ["adj common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "iemu", gen_f = "iej", gen_mn = "iego", gen_p = "ich", ins_mn = "im", ins_p = "imi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "ie", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ie" }, ["b"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { acc_f = "ią", nom_f = "ia", nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["i"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["ks"] = { acc_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["w"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["y"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["z"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["adj common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["c"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["h"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ron"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["soł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["won"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łon"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ż"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, } return data d2dmxrvcc7w91ex281i32sm5tpkc3uf 2573584 2573582 2026-10-26T08:13:33Z Hiyuune 50834 2573584 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ Polish data for [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]: the declension rules, the stem alternations they use, the irregular words, the footnotes, and the indicators of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|pl-adecl}}. TERMINOLOGY: * "stem" = The lemma minus its nominative ending, e.g. ''kobiet-'' from ''kobieta'' and ''okn-'' from ''okno''. A masculine noun ending in a consonant is its own stem (''pies''). * "group" = The nouns that share one set of rules, i.e. those with the same gender (`m-pr` masculine personal, `m-anml` masculine animal, `m-in` masculine inanimate, `f`, `n`), kind (common nouns, surnames, given names, place names and other names) and nominative ending (`""` for a consonant, `a`, `o`, `e`, `ę`, `um`, `i`). Pluralia tantum have groups of their own, by the ending of their nominative plural. * "rule" = The forms of one slot for the nouns of a group whose stem ends in particular letters. The rule for the longest such ending applies, and `""` holds the group's default. A form is an ending added either to the stem or to the stem changed by an alternation (e.g. with `stem = "palatal"`, ''kobiet-'' becomes ''kobieci-'' before ''-e''). * "copy" = A slot whose forms are always those of another slot in its group, e.g. the accusative singular of a personal noun is its genitive. ]==] local data = {} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Alternations -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The vowels, used by the rules that look for the last syllable of a stem. data.vowels = "aąeęioóuy" --[==[ The alternations a rule can ask for (`stem = "..."`). Several are joined with "+", in this order: * `reduced`: drop the mobile ''e'' of the stem's last syllable (''pies'' → ''ps-'', ''sweter'' → ''swetr-''). * `inserted_e`, `inserted_ie`: put in ''e'' or ''ie'' before the last consonant (''matk-'' → ''matek'', ''okn-'' → ''okien''). * `truncated`: drop the end of the stem given by `truncate` (''Amerykanin'' → ''Amerykan-'', ''Amerykanie''). * `spelled`: write the end of the stem as `spelled` gives it before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiks-''). * `shortened`: change ''ó'' to ''o'' and ''ą'' to ''ę'' in the last syllable (''stół'' → ''stoł-'', ''ząb'' → ''zęb-''). * `lengthened`: change ''o'' to ''ó'' and ''ę'' to ''ą'' in the last syllable (''drog-'' → ''dróg'', ''ręk-'' → ''rąk''). * `fronted`: change ''o'' or ''a'' to ''e'' in the last syllable (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi''). * `soft`, `palatal`, `virile`: change the last consonant (or two) using one of the tables below. ]==] -- How `shortened` (''stół'' → ''stołu''), `lengthened` (''droga'' → ''dróg'') and `fronted` (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', -- ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi'') change the vowel of a stem's last syllable. data.shorten = { ["ó"] = "o", ["ą"] = "ę" } data.lengthen = { ["o"] = "ó", ["ę"] = "ą" } data.front = { ["o"] = "e", ["a"] = "e" } -- How `truncated` cuts a stem (the plural of the nouns in ''-anin'' has no ''-in'': ''mieszczanin'' → ''mieszczanie'', -- ''mieszczan'') and how `spelled` writes one before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiksu'', ''appendiksie''). data.truncate = { nin = "n" } data.spelled = { x = "ks" } -- How a soft consonant at the end of a stem is written before a vowel, e.g. ''koń'' → ''konia''. data.soft = { ["dź"] = "dzi", ["ć"] = "ci", ["ń"] = "ni", ["ś"] = "si", ["ź"] = "zi" } -- The reverse: how a stem's soft consonant spelled with ''i'' is written at the end of a word with no ending, e.g. -- ''danie'' → ''dań''. The module also uses `soft` to respell a final soft consonant before a vowel, as Polish -- spelling always does (''niedźwiedź'' + ''-a'' → ''niedźwiedzia''), so a rule's ending doesn't need `soft` for that. data.final_soft = { ["dzi"] = "dź", ["ci"] = "ć", ["ni"] = "ń", ["si"] = "ś", ["zi"] = "ź" } -- The consonants that stay soft when a mobile ''ie'' before them drops, e.g. ''goniec'' → ''gońca'', ''wrzesień'' → -- ''września''. Before the other consonants, the ''i'' only marked their softness and goes with it (''pies'' → -- ''psa'', ''łokieć'' → ''łokcia''). data.reduced_soft = { n = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", c = "ć", dz = "dź" } -- The first palatalization, before ''-e'' (in the locative singular and the feminine dative singular). data.palatal = { -- After ''c'', ''r'' and ''s'', the ''z'' of ''-zn-'' and ''-zł-'' is part of a digraph and doesn't soften -- (''logiczny'' → ''logiczni'', ''Leszno'' → ''Lesznie'', ''zeszły'' → ''zeszli'', but ''żelazny'' → ''żelaźni''). ["czn"] = "czni", ["rzn"] = "rzni", ["szn"] = "szni", ["czł"] = "czl", ["rzł"] = "rzl", ["szł"] = "szl", ["st"] = "ści", ["zd"] = "ździ", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", ["sn"] = "śni", ["zn"] = "źni", ["sm"] = "śmi", ["zm"] = "źmi", ["ch"] = "sz", ["p"] = "pi", ["b"] = "bi", ["f"] = "fi", ["w"] = "wi", ["v"] = "vi", ["m"] = "mi", ["n"] = "ni", ["s"] = "si", ["z"] = "zi", ["t"] = "ci", ["d"] = "dzi", ["r"] = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["h"] = "ż", } -- The tooltip over the row header of each case, giving its Polish name and questions. data.case_titles = { nom = "mianownik (kto? co?)", gen = "dopełniacz (kogo? czego?)", dat = "celownik (komu? czemu?)", acc = "biernik (kogo? co?)", ins = "narzędnik (kim? czym?)", loc = "miejscownik (o kim? o czym?)", voc = "wołacz (o!)", } -- The nominative endings split off a lemma to get its stem, by gender (and `plural` for a plurale tantum), tried in -- order. For example, ''kobieta'' is ''kobiet-'' plus ''-a'', a masculine in ''-y'' or ''-i'' is an adjectival noun -- (''Kowalski''), and one in ''-e'' declines as an adjective in the singular (''Bethke'', ''Bethkego'', ''Bethkowie''). -- A lemma with none of them is its own stem (''pies''). data.nominative_endings = { m = { "a", "o", "y", "i", "e" }, f = { "a", "i" }, n = { "um", "o", "e", "ę" }, plural = { "i", "y", "e", "a" }, } -- The endings of `nominative_endings` that are only a nominative after a consonant, by gender. After a vowel they belong -- to the stem (''playboy'', ''playboya''; ''Halley'', ''Halleya''). data.nominative_after_consonant = { m = { y = true, i = true, e = true } } -- The mobile vowels that `reduced` drops, tried in order: ''ie'' after a consonant, which stays soft according to -- `soften` (''goniec'' → ''gońc-''), and ''e'' (''pies'' → ''ps-''). data.mobile_vowels = { { "ie", after_consonant = true, soften = "reduced_soft" }, { "e" }, } -- The mobile vowel that `*` puts into a bare form: ''ie'' after the letters in `after` (''okno'' → ''okien'', ''igła'' -- → ''igieł''), and otherwise `default` (''matka'' → ''matek''). data.inserted_vowel = { default = "e", after = { k = "ie", g = "ie" } } -- The vowel that spells a soft consonant before another vowel (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). An ending drops its first -- vowel after it if that vowel is one of `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), and also after a -- softening of the stem that ends in it (''Herod'' + virile ''-y'' → ''Herodzi'', ''Twardy'' + ''-i'' → ''Twardzi''). data.soft_vowel = "i" data.soft_vowel_absorbs = { "i", "y" } -- The vowel never written after the soft vowel. After a stem's own ''i'', it is dropped if the ''i'' spells a soft -- consonant (the stem ends in a key of `final_soft`: ''niunia'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the soft vowel if -- the ''i'' is a vowel (''Ilia'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). data.hard_vowel = "y" -- The digraphs a stem can end in, which count as one consonant (for the stem type in the categories, and for Standard -- Kurpie). data.digraphs = { ch = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dź"] = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true } -- The softening in the masculine personal nominative plural (''student'' → ''studenci'', ''Polak'' → ''Polacy''). data.virile = { ["st"] = "ści", ["ch"] = "s", ["t"] = "c", ["d"] = "dz", ["r"] = "rz", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["ł"] = "l", ["sz"] = "s", ["s"] = "s", ["z"] = "z", ["n"] = "n", ["p"] = "p", ["b"] = "b", ["m"] = "m", ["w"] = "w", ["f"] = "f", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Notes -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The footnotes a rule or an override can give a form, by key: `note = "dated"` in a rule, or `[dated]` in a spec. data.notes = { archaic = "cổ xưa", colloquial = "thông tục", dated = "lỗi thời", deprecative = "từ miệt thị", dialectal = "phương ngữ", humorous = "từ hài hước", literary = "ngôn ngữ văn chương", obsolete = "không còn dùng", pejorative = "nghĩa xấu", proscribed = "bị phản đối", rare = "hiếm", regional = "từ địa phương", vulgar = "thô tục", -- Notes for the forms of a pronoun that are only clitics (''go'', ''mi'') or only follow a preposition (''niego''). unstressed = "không nhấn trọng âm", after_preposition = "sau giới từ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Indicators -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The indicators of each template, by name. Indicators with the same `group` exclude each other, and the group names what they set (read with `Spec:group`). `sets` is the value the indicator gives its group if that isn't its own name, and `value` means it takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń`). ]==] data.indicators = { noun = { m = { group = "gender" }, f = { group = "gender" }, n = { group = "gender" }, pr = { group = "animacy" }, anml = { group = "animacy" }, inan = { group = "animacy" }, sg = { group = "number" }, pl = { group = "number" }, ["*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["-*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["#"] = { group = "quantity" }, ["-#"] = { group = "quantity" }, surname = { group = "kind" }, given = { group = "kind" }, place = { group = "kind" }, proper = { group = "kind" }, irreg = { group = "type" }, indecl = { group = "type" }, ["!"] = { group = "type" }, ["+"] = { group = "type" }, pron = { group = "type" }, num = { group = "type" }, decllemma = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, r = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, soft = {}, }, adjective = { irreg = {}, plonly = {}, archdat = {}, decllemma = { value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, num = {}, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, pos = { value = "part of speech" }, }, } -- The parts of speech an adjective table can be categorized under (given with `pos:` on one of its words, with -- `adjective` as the default), along with the plural its categories use ("Polish hard pronouns"). data.parts_of_speech = { adjective = "tính từ", pronoun = "đại từ", determiner = "từ hạn định", numeral = "số từ", suffix = "hậu tố", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lects -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The lects that have a table of their own (`lect:CODE`), by their code in [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. An "attested" table lists the forms given and nothing else (`respelling` gives the link target of each form), and a "paradigm" generates the forms from the `rules` named. The forms of any other lect go in the `dialectal` table, each tagged with its lect. The names of the lects are read from [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. ]==] data.lect_tables = { -- The Middle Polish forms link to their modern spelling, using `middle_polish_respelling`. mpl = { table = "attested", respelling = "middle_polish_respelling" }, -- The Standard Kurpie forms are generated from `kurpie`. skur = { table = "paradigm", rules = "kurpie" }, } -- The data module of the lects, with their codes, names and aliases. data.lect_module = "Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl" -- The start of the title of a lect's table (or of the dialectal table), before its head. data.lect_titles = { mpl = "Attested Middle Polish forms of ", skur = "Standard Kurpian declension of ", dialectal = "Attested dialectal forms of ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Categories -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The categories of a table of the standard language, each after the language's name ("Polish singularia tantum"). A noun table of one word is categorized by its stem type and gender (`stem`, e.g. "velar feminine nouns"), by what its forms show (`reducible` for a mobile ''e'', `quantitative` for ''ó''/''o'' or ''ą''/''ę''), and by its type (`irregular`, `adjectival`, `indeclinable`). A phrase, a pronoun or a numeral is only categorized by its number. An adjective table is categorized by its kind and part of speech (`adjective_kind`, e.g. "hard adjectives" or "soft pronouns"), and by any short forms and irregular stem. ]==] data.categories = { singularia_tantum = "chỉ có số ít", pluralia_tantum = "chỉ có số nhiều", stem = "Danh từ %s %s", reducible = "Danh từ với thân từ rút gọn", quantitative = "nouns with quantitative vowel alternation", irregular = "Danh từ bất quy tắc", adjectival = "Danh tính từ", indeclinable = "Danh từ không biến cách", adjective_kind = "%s %s", short_forms = "%s với dạng ngắn", irregular_stem = "%s với thân từ bất quy tắc", } -- The gender of a noun as its stem category names it, by gender and (for masculines) animacy. data.category_genders = { m = { pr = "giống đực nhân xưng", anml = "giống đực hữu sinh", inan = "giống đực vô sinh" }, f = "giống cái", n = "giống trung", } -- The stem type of a noun by the last consonant of its stem: velar, soft (including the functionally soft ''c'', -- ''cz'', ''dz'', ''dż'', ''rz'', ''sz'' and ''ż''), or otherwise hard. data.stem_types = { velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true, i = true, c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true, }, } -- The Middle Polish letters that are respelled in the link target of a form (''ptåka'' links to [[ptaka]]). The form -- itself is shown as written. data.middle_polish_respelling = { ["å"] = "a", ["á"] = "a", ["é"] = "e", ["Å"] = "A", ["Á"] = "A", ["É"] = "E", } --[==[ The Standard Kurpie paradigm (`lect:skur`) * `palatal`: what the last consonant (or cluster) of a stem becomes before an ending with `stem = "palatal"`. An ''s'' or ''z'' before a softened consonant is softened too (''masło'' → ''maśle'', ''źosna'' → ''źośńe''), but not the ''z'' of ''rz''. The velars only change before the ''-e'' of a feminine; a masculine or neuter velar takes ''-u''. * `hardened`: the consonants after which an ending's ''ï'' is written ''y'' (''ulicy'', ''nocy''). * `soft` and `velar`: the last consonants that make a stem soft or velar, which decide the type of a lemma. * `mazurated`: the last consonants that can come from mazuration (''s'', ''z'', ''c'', ''dz'' for ''sz'', ''ż'', ''cz'', ''dż''). The indicator `soft` makes such a stem soft, as in ''lystonos'' (< ''listonosz''), whose spelling doesn't show it; ''sołtys'' stays hard. * `nouns[GENDER][TYPE]`: the ending of each slot, as in `noun_groups` (a string, or `{ ending, stem = "palatal" }`). The type comes from the lemma; see `paradigm_type` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]. * `copies[GENDER]` and `animate_copies[ANIMACY]`: the slots that take the forms of another slot. * `clear`, `clear_before_nasal` and `nasals`: the alternation of `#`, by which the slanted vowel of the last syllable of a consonant-final lemma is clear before an ending (''kśądz'', ''kśę̈dza''). Before one of the `nasals`, where ''o'' is always written ''ó'', the slanted ''ó'' alternates with ''a''. * `adjective`: the endings of the single adjective declension, by slot of `adjective_slots`, added to the lemma minus its last letter. ]==] data.kurpie = { palatal = { ["rzn"] = "rzń", ["rzł"] = "rzl", st = "ść", zd = "źdź", sn = "śń", zn = "źń", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", sm = "śń", zm = "źń", b = "bź", p = "pś", f = "ś", w = "ź", m = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", t = "ć", d = "dź", n = "ń", r = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ch = "s", k = "c", g = "dz", }, hardened = { c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true }, -- The type of a lemma, by gender. Take the first entry whose ending the lemma has (`""` for none; with -- `consonant_final`, only if it doesn't end in one of the `vowels`). The type is that of the first class in the -- entry's `by_final` that has the last consonant of the stem, and otherwise `default`; it is a type of the gender -- `declension` if the entry gives one. With the indicator `soft`, it is the entry's `soft`. types = { f = { { ending = "a", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, -- After a soft consonant, the ending is written ''-å'' (''sukńå''). { ending = "å", default = "soft" }, { ending = "", by_final = { { "soft", "soft_consonant" } }, default = "hard_consonant" }, }, n = { { ending = "um", default = "latinate" }, -- A final ''ę'' is written ''ë'' (''wyńë''). { ending = "ë", default = "nasal" }, -- A soft stem in ''-o'' is a j-stem (''jajo''). { ending = "o", by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "hardened", "hardened" }, { "soft", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "e", by_final = { { "hardened", "hardened" } }, default = "soft" }, }, m = { { ending = "", consonant_final = true, by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard", soft = "soft" }, -- An animate masculine in ''-a'' or ''-å'' (''starosta'', ''sę̈dźå'') declines as a feminine, with the -- accusative plural of its animacy. { ending = "a", declension = "f", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "å", declension = "f", default = "soft" }, }, }, -- The nominative plural endings a plurale tantum can have, tried in order (''Ńëmcy''). plural_nominatives = { "y", "ï", "e", "a" }, vowels = "aąeęioóuyåéëï", -- A personal or animal velar has a type of its own, with the genitive and accusative in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_types = { velar = "animate_velar" }, -- How the first letter of an ending is written after a hardened consonant (''ï'' as ''y''). hardened_spelling = { ["ï"] = "y" }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true }, velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, mazurated = { s = true, z = true, c = true, dz = true }, -- The consonants after which an adjective has ''-ï'' for ''-y'' (''głupśï''). adjective_soft = { ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["ć"] = true, ["dź"] = true, ["ń"] = true, j = true }, clear = { ["ó"] = "o", ["é"] = "e", ["å"] = "a", ["ą"] = "ę̈" }, clear_before_nasal = { ["ó"] = "a" }, nasals = { m = true, n = true, ["ń"] = true }, nouns = { m = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "u", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, -- A personal or animal velar takes the genitive (and accusative) in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, }, f = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, hard_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "y", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "y", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "y", }, soft_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "ï", }, }, n = { hard = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "å", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "u", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, hardened = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, nasal = { nom_p = "óna", gen_s = "ëńå", gen_p = "ónów", dat_s = "ëńu", dat_p = "ónóm", ins_s = "ëńëm", ins_p = "ónańï", loc_s = "ëńu", loc_p = "ónach", }, latinate = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "um", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "um", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "um", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", }, }, }, copies = { m = { voc_s = "loc_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, f = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, n = { acc_s = "nom_s", voc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, }, animate_copies = { pr = { acc_p = "gen_p" }, anml = { acc_p = "nom_p" }, inan = { acc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p" }, }, -- The other slots are shared as in the standard tables (e.g. the dative and locative feminine come from the -- genitive), and the plural has one nominative for both genders. adjective = { nom_n = "e", nom_f = "å", nom_mp_pers = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e", gen_mn = "égo", gen_f = "éj", gen_p = "éch", dat_mn = "ëmu", dat_p = "ëm", acc_f = "ó", ins_mn = "ëm", ins_p = "ëńï", }, } -- The rule gender of each gender and animacy of a call. data.rule_gender = { m = { pr = "m-pr", anml = "m-anml", inan = "m-in" }, f = "f", n = "n", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lexicon -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of a noun in the order the lexicon lists them in. data.slot_order = { "nom_s", "gen_s", "dat_s", "acc_s", "ins_s", "loc_s", "voc_s", "nom_p", "gen_p", "dat_p", "acc_p", "ins_p", "loc_p", "voc_p", } -- The irregular nouns of `<irreg>`, by lemma, with their gender and animacy and every form, in `slot_order`. data.irregular_nouns = { ["brat"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "brat", "brata", "bratu", "brata", "bratem", "bracie", "bracie", "bracia", "braci", "braciom", "braci", "braćmi", "braciach", "bracia", }, ["dziecko"] = { gender = "n", "dziecko", "dziecka", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieckiem", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieci", "dzieci", "dzieciom", "dzieci", "dziećmi", "dzieciach", "dzieci", }, ["ksiądz"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "ksiądz", "księdza", "księdzu", "księdza", "księdzem", "księdzu", "księże", "księża", "księży", "księżom", "księży", "księżmi", "księżach", "księża", }, ["książę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "książę", "księcia", "księciu", "księcia", "księciem", "księciu", "książę", "książęta", "książąt", "książętom", "książąt", "książętami", "książętach", "książęta", }, ["rok"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "inan", "rok", "roku", "rokowi", "rok", "rokiem", "roku", "roku", "lata", "lat", "latom", "lata", "latami", "latach", "lata", }, ["arcyksiążę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciem", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksiążęta", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętom", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętami", "arcyksiążętach", "arcyksiążęta", }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Pronouns, numerals and noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The pronouns of `<pron>`, by lemma, with the numbers of the table (`numberless` for ''siebie'') and the forms of each slot, each a string or `{ form, notes = { KEY... } }` with keys of `notes`. A pronoun made of one of these plus an ending in `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. ''cośkolwiek'') declines like the pronoun, with the ending after every form. ]==] data.pronouns = { ["co"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "co" }, gen_s = { "czego", { "co", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemu" }, acc_s = { "co" }, ins_s = { "czym" }, loc_s = { "czym" }, }, ["cokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "czegokolwiek", { "cokolwiek", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "cokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, }, ["coś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "coś" }, gen_s = { "czegoś", { "coś", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuś" }, acc_s = { "coś" }, ins_s = { "czymś" }, loc_s = { "czymś" }, }, ["cóż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cóż" }, gen_s = { "czegoż", "czegóż", { "cóż", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuż" }, acc_s = { "cóż" }, ins_s = { "czymże" }, loc_s = { "czymże" }, }, ["ja"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ja" }, gen_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "mnie", { "mi", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, ins_s = { "mną" }, loc_s = { "mnie" }, }, ["kto"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "kto" }, gen_s = { "kogo" }, dat_s = { "komu" }, acc_s = { "kogo" }, ins_s = { "kim" }, loc_s = { "kim" }, }, ["ktokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, dat_s = { "komukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, }, ["ktoś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktoś" }, gen_s = { "kogoś" }, dat_s = { "komuś" }, acc_s = { "kogoś" }, ins_s = { "kimś" }, loc_s = { "kimś" }, }, ["któż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "któż" }, gen_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, dat_s = { "komuż" }, acc_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, ins_s = { "kimże" }, loc_s = { "kimże" }, }, ["my"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "my" }, gen_p = { "nas" }, dat_p = { "nam" }, acc_p = { "nas" }, ins_p = { "nami" }, loc_p = { "nas" }, voc_p = { "my" }, }, ["nic"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nic" }, gen_s = { "nic", "niczego" }, dat_s = { "niczemu" }, acc_s = { "nic" }, ins_s = { "niczym" }, loc_s = { "niczym" }, }, ["nikt"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nikt" }, gen_s = { "nikogo" }, dat_s = { "nikomu" }, acc_s = { "nikogo" }, ins_s = { "nikim" }, loc_s = { "nikim" }, }, ["on"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "on" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["ona"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ona" }, gen_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "ją", { "nią", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nią" }, loc_s = { "niej" }, }, ["one"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "one" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["oni"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "oni" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["ono"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ono" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["siebie"] = { numbers = { "s" }, numberless = true, gen_s = { "siebie", "się" }, dat_s = { "sobie", "se" }, acc_s = { "siebie", "się" }, ins_s = { "sobą" }, loc_s = { "sobie", "se" }, }, ["ty"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ty" }, gen_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, dat_s = { "tobie", { "ci", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, ins_s = { "tobą" }, loc_s = { "tobie" }, voc_s = { "ty", { "te", notes = { "proscribed", "colloquial" } } }, }, ["wszystko"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "wszystko" }, gen_s = { "wszystkiego" }, dat_s = { "wszystkiemu" }, acc_s = { "wszystko" }, ins_s = { "wszystkim" }, loc_s = { "wszystkim" }, }, ["wy"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "wy" }, gen_p = { "was" }, dat_p = { "wam" }, acc_p = { "was" }, ins_p = { "wami" }, loc_p = { "was" }, voc_p = { "wy" }, }, } data.pronoun_suffixes = { "śkolwiek", "kolwiek", "ś" } --[==[ The numerals of `<num>`, by the end of their lemma (the longest one a lemma ends in applies). `numeral_rules` has the cardinals of {{tl|pl-adecl}} (''pięć'', ''trzy'', ''-naście'', ''-set''), with a virile and a non-virile column in the slots of `adjective_slots`, and `collective_rules` has the collectives of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} (''pięcioro'', ''dwoje''), in the plural slots of a noun. Each slot has the endings that follow the lemma minus its key, as in `noun_groups`, and the comment on each rule names the numerals it was made from. ]==] data.numeral_rules = { ["a"] = { -- kilka nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "a", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "a", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["adziesiąt"] = { -- kilkadziesiąt nom_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", gen_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięcioma", "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, }, ["adzieścia"] = { -- dwadzieścia nom_mp_pers = "udziestu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", gen_p = "udziestu", dat_p = "udziestu", acc_mp_pers = "udziestu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", ins_p = { "udziestoma", "udziestu" }, loc_p = "udziestu", }, ["akroć"] = { -- dwakroć nom_mp_pers = "ukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", gen_p = "ukroć", dat_p = "ukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", ins_p = { "ukroć", { "omakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukroć", }, ["anaście"] = { -- dwanaście, kilkanaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["aset"] = { -- kilkaset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["edziesiąt"] = { -- wieledziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ekolwiek"] = { -- ilekolwiek nom_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", gen_p = "ukolwiek", dat_p = "ukolwiek", acc_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", ins_p = { "ukolwiek", { "omakolwiek", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukolwiek", }, ["ele"] = { -- niewiele, wiele nom_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", gen_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", ins_p = { "eloma", "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" }, { "elą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, }, ["em"] = { -- siedem nom_mp_pers = "miu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miu", dat_p = "miu", acc_mp_pers = "miu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "mioma", "miu" }, loc_p = "miu", }, ["emkroć"] = { -- siedemkroć nom_mp_pers = "miukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", gen_p = "miukroć", dat_p = "miukroć", acc_mp_pers = "miukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", ins_p = { "miukroć", { "miomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miukroć", }, ["emset"] = { -- siedemset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["eset"] = { -- wieleset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["eś"] = { -- ileś nom_mp_pers = "uś", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", gen_p = "uś", dat_p = "uś", acc_mp_pers = "uś", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", ins_p = { "uś", { "omaś", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uś", }, ["eż"] = { -- ileż, tyleż, wieleż nom_mp_pers = "uż", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", gen_p = "uż", dat_p = "uż", acc_mp_pers = "uż", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", ins_p = { "uż", { "omaż", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uż", }, ["ieście"] = { -- dwieście nom_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", gen_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = "ustu", acc_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", ins_p = { "ustu", { "omaset", note = "rare" }, { "ustoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ile"] = { -- ile nom_mp_pers = "ilu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", gen_p = "ilu", dat_p = "ilu", acc_mp_pers = "ilu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", ins_p = { "iloma", "ilu" }, loc_p = "ilu", }, ["mset"] = { -- siedmset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["o"] = { -- sto nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "o", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "o", ins_p = { "u", { "oma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "u", }, ["siem"] = { -- osiem nom_mp_pers = "śmiu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiu", dat_p = "śmiu", acc_mp_pers = "śmiu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmioma", "śmiu" }, loc_p = "śmiu", }, ["siemkroć"] = { -- osiemkroć nom_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", gen_p = "śmiukroć", dat_p = "śmiukroć", acc_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", ins_p = { "śmiukroć", { "śmiomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiukroć", }, ["siemset"] = { -- osiemset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, ["y"] = { -- cztery, trzy nom_mp_pers = { "ech", "ej" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "y", gen_p = "ech", dat_p = "em", acc_mp_pers = "ech", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "y", ins_p = "ema", loc_p = "ech", }, ["ykroć"] = { -- trzykroć nom_mp_pers = "echkroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", gen_p = "echkroć", dat_p = "echkroć", acc_mp_pers = "echkroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", ins_p = { "echkroć", { "emakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "echkroć", }, ["yle"] = { -- tyle nom_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", gen_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", ins_p = { "yloma", "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" }, { "ylą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ysta"] = { -- czterysta, trzysta nom_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", gen_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, dat_p = "ystu", acc_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", ins_p = { "ystu", { "ystoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, }, ["ąt"] = { -- dziewięćdziesiąt, osiemdziesiąt, ośmdziesiąt, pięćdziesiąt, siedemdziesiąt, siedmdziesiąt, sześćdziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "ęciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", gen_p = "ęciu", dat_p = "ęciu", acc_mp_pers = "ęciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", ins_p = { "ęcioma", "ęciu" }, loc_p = "ęciu", }, ["ć"] = { -- dziesięć, dziewięć, pięć, sześć nom_mp_pers = "ciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", gen_p = "ciu", dat_p = "ciu", acc_mp_pers = "ciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", ins_p = { "cioma", "ciu" }, loc_p = "ciu", }, ["ćkroć"] = { -- pięćkroć nom_mp_pers = "ciukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", gen_p = "ciukroć", dat_p = "ciukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ciukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", ins_p = { "ciukroć", { "ciomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciukroć", }, ["ćset"] = { -- dziewięćset, pięćset, sześćset nom_mp_pers = "ciuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", gen_p = "ciuset", dat_p = "ciuset", acc_mp_pers = "ciuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", ins_p = { "ciuset", { "ciomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciuset", }, ["ę"] = { -- parę nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["ędziesiąt"] = { -- parędziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ęnaście"] = { -- paręnaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["ęset"] = { -- paręset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["ści"] = { -- czterdzieści, trzydzieści nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["ście"] = { -- czternaście, dziewiętnaście, jedenaście, naście, osiemnaście, ośmnaście, piętnaście, siedemnaście, siedmnaście, szesnaście, trzynaście nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["śmset"] = { -- ośmset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, } data.collective_rules = { ["e"] = { -- dwoje, oboje, obydwoje, obydwoje, troje nom_p = "e", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "e", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "e", }, ["o"] = { -- czterdzieścioro, czternaścioro, czworo, dwadzieścioro, dwanaścioro, dziesięcioro, dziewiętnaścioro, dziewięcioro, dziewięćdziesięcioro, jedenaścioro, kilkoro, kilkadziesięcioro, kilkanaścioro, naścioro, ośmioro, osiemdziesięcioro, osiemnaścioro, ośmdziesięcioro, ośmnaścioro, piętnaścioro, pięcioro, pięćdziesięcioro, siedmioro, siedemdziesięcioro, siedemnaścioro, siedmdziesięcioro, siedmnaścioro, szesnaścioro, sześcioro, sześćdziesięcioro, trzydzieścioro, trzynaścioro nom_p = "o", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "o", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "o", }, } --[==[ The noun groups, keyed `GENDER KIND NUMBER NOMINATIVE` (e.g. `m-pr common sg `, `f common sg a`, `n place pl y`): * `copies`: the slots that take the forms of another slot (e.g. `acc_s = "gen_s"`). * `rules`: the forms of each slot, by the ending of the stem (`""` is the default). A slot's forms are an ending (a string) or a list of endings, and an ending given as a table can name a `stem` alternation and a `note`. ]==] data.noun_groups = { ["f common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["edź"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nt"] = { gen_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["oć"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["rś"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["tać"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ódź"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ęś"] = { ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ń"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["acz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["all"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ans"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["arł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ast"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["bni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["cn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["cni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["cow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = { "", "y" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["czi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["czm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["dow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dż"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ebn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["fi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["fl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["g"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["gl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["hi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["hl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["hni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["how"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ij"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ion"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["izd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["izi"] = { voc_s = "u" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jom"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ki"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["kk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ksz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ml"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["msz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["nan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ni"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["nni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["nod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", nom_p = "a" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oj"] = { dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "", gen_s = "ej" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["otw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźb"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["p"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["pl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["pow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["r"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["raż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["rzn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["rąż"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["s"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["sc"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["si"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["skr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["szw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ti"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uni"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "u" }, ["uzd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["wol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["wsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["zd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zdr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "" }, ["zl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["zz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ój"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąt"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ępi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ęż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["łbi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["łob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ńsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ści"] = { voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["źn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["źni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["żi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["żni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["żon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { acc_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" } }, ["can"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["san"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, }, }, ["f given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["fi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["ki"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["mi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["nc"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["nul"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["f place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" } }, ["ać"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eś"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, { "e", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ść"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f place sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ask"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["asn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["aw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["ck"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["el"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["enn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ew"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ewn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ez"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ibi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["iw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["iz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["kw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["lw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["lz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mbi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["mż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["odz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ojn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["opn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["prz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["szn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["tcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["usk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["wcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["yst"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["zw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąck"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-a" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["EP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OK"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["PR"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["S"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "", "-etom" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu" }, ins_p = { "", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, }, }, ["f proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, nom_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, }, }, ["f surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["adł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ajn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ak"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["an"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["azł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["bk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["dk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["dni"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "m", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", voc_s = "a" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dzk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["en"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["esk"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["fk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["gł"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["h"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ian"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["in"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["izn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["jew"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["jk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["jn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["kat"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["lan"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["mk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["nk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ok"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["on"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["osk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["osn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["own"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["p"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["pk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["tk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["un"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["wk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["x"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["y"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["yk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["yn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["zk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["zł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["ąk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ćk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["łk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["łn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ńk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["śk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ż"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["żk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["f surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = {}, ins_p = { "m", stem = "fronted" }, ins_s = {}, loc_p = {}, loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "dziadków", stem = "irregular" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "zym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "zych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "zymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "zych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich" }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ard"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ast"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["aść"] = { dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_s = "ą", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bp"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, { "ze", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["dan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów", { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["dr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dur"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dyw"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = { "", "s" }, gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = { "", "s" }, voc_s = "" }, ["eb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ep"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eus"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["eń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["fel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ger"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["han"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["hot"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ib"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["icz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ieć"] = { loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ień"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["iks"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ior"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ir"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["iz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["jas"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jor"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["kok"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["kon"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["kup"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = "i", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["lan"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["lar"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["len"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["leń"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lub"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["mp"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["nel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ng"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nin"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "truncated" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "truncated" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "truncated" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "truncated" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "truncated" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "truncated+palatal" } }, ["nuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nuś"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ob"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ont"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ord"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["pan"] = { dat_s = "u", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["pis"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rab"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ruk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["san"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sul"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["trz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["tur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["uaw"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ud"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wed"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wun"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yr"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["zcz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zes"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["zeń"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["zym"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ódz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ójt"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ąb"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ę"] = { dat_p = "tom", dat_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, depr_p = "ta", gen_p = { "t", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = { "cia", note = "dated" }, ins_p = "tami", ins_s = { "ciem", note = "dated" }, loc_p = "tach", loc_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, nom_p = "ta", voc_s = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łuk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["łup"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["żer"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["żeń"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["bi"] = { ins_s = { "ą", { "m", note = "dated" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "y" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "ę" }, dat_s = { "", "emu" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "", "ego" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "owie" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ped"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ri"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "ów" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ac"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["as"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["bol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["dl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ec"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["el"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["eśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["gl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego" }, ["ic"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["iol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["is"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["nc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["os"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["pl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["uc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["us"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["wol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["yc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ys"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęs"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["żl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gol"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "e", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["h"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["m"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ol"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["p"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["s"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["z"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "a", "y" }, gen_s = "y", ins_s = "ą", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["arz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["asz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["aż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["brz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["drz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["eż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["irz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["on"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["oż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ron"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["soł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["tcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["urz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["uż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ydz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["yż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["łon"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["żcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["aak"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["dot"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eg"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ew"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["ier"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["jan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["las"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lf"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ros"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ses"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["st"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["tan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["van"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wer"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["weł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" } }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["yp"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zor"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąd"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["at"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "onowi", depr_p = "ony", gen_p = "onów", gen_s = "ona", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "onem", loc_p = "onach", loc_s = "onie", nom_p = "onowie", voc_s = { "o", "onie" } }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "o", ins_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { depr_p = { "a", "o" }, loc_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" }, voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rr"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "y'emu" }, depr_p = { "e", "y'e" }, gen_s = { "ego", "y'ego" }, nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { depr_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ai"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "owi" }, gen_s = { "a", "ego" } }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cu"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["dz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eau"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "e", { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { "u", { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["eu"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, nom_p = "" }, ["ez"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "y", { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gh"] = { depr_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = { "m", "om" }, dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "ch", "ów" }, gen_s = "", ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, ins_s = { "em", "m" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ch" }, loc_s = { "m", "u" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["iel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ieu"] = { loc_s = { "", "m" } }, ["ieł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ii"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = "" }, ["iz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["jc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["kój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oe"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "", ins_s = "", loc_s = "" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["que"] = { dat_p = "'om", gen_p = "'ów", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["reć"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "reduced" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "reduced" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "reduced" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "reduced" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, "owie" } }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "u", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, depr_p = { "", "y" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "a" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "owie" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ue"] = { dat_s = "'owi", gen_s = "'a", loc_s = "'u" }, ["ues"] = { dat_p = "'om", dat_s = "'owi", gen_p = "'ów", gen_s = "'a", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", loc_s = "'u", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["ugh"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["wec"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ąz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["x"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["gn"] = { depr_p = "e'e", loc_s = "e'u", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ion"] = { depr_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ow"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rt"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["c"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["czk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["dk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["f"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["g"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["hk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = { "i", "owie" } }, ["lk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["tk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["śk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["and"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["b"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "y" } }, ["ejn"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["ett"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["h"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["ied"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["jd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["mb"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ng"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "i", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["nt"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["od"] = { gen_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ott"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["p"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["rd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["rr"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["s"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "a" }, ["sc"] = { dat_p = "o", gen_p = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ss"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", ins_s = "em" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ud"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["w"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["yd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", "y" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "a", "y" }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" }, loc_s = { "u", "y" } }, ["zad"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["ł"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["łd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ńd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["aw"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["azn"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["azł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ern"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "virile" } } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_s = "iego", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["sn"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["st"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["sł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["th"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["tzk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["yt"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ér"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["ąc"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["źn"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["ac"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bel"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["del"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["e"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eet"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["lac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["niś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["oll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ont"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["paw"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["raś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["rp"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tat"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" } }, ["u"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["x"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["yś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ób"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { acc_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["o"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "a", dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'y" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "y" } }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["i"] = { voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ego", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-anml given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, }, }, ["m-anml proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ec"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, }, }, ["m-in common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["B"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["I"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["K"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["ML"] = { acc_s = { "", "-a" }, gen_p = { "-i", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-a", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["P"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["T"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["abl"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["ail"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "ów", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["ak"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["am"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["arc"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["bul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["car"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["cer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["dal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dź"] = { acc_s = { "", { "a", stem = "shortened", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["em"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["enc"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["eol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["eor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["eus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" } }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["fel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ger"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["gół"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["haj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["hel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["her"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["how"] = { gen_s = "" }, ["hyl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hór"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ial"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["iej"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iek"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ij"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["im"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ior"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["isz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["itr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["izd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iąc"] = { gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["iąk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["iść"] = { ins_p = "mi" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["jas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["jem"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["jm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kch"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["kej"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["ker"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kic"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["km"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["laż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ler"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["lol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["lus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląg"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląt"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["maj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["mal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["mol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["nar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["nch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["nek"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["nel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ner"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["neż"] = { gen_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["nol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["nor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nur"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nyp"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nóg"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" } }, ["nóż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["och"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ocz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["oik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["om"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ool"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["or"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["our"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["pal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["per"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["pol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["por"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["prz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ror"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rus"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["rąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["sal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ser"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sh"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["tal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["til"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["tyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["um"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["unk"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["urz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ycz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ym"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ysz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["zcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["zd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zeń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zub"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ząg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óż"] = { gen_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, { "ów", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ć"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ęs"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łat"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łup"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ńc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ść"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["żel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["życ"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["żyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "a", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'u", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'y" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e" }, ["g"] = { loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'e" }, ["hon"] = { acc_s = { "e", "e'a" } }, ["ir"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["l"] = { nom_p = "e'e" }, ["lag"] = { gen_p = { "e'y", "e'ów" } }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "e'u" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ban"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["bol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["dl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["el"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["gl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["ian"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["im"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ks"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nom"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ran"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["wl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["wol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ym"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ćm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["żl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["Kum"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ab"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["adz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["aj"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["an"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ask"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["aw"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["azd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["biń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["boń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ceń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["doń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["duń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dyń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["eb"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["eg"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["en"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ep"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ew"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["eść"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["goń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["hel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iw"] = { dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["kok"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["las"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["leń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["lk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["lm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ng"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nim"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ok"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ork"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["oł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ość"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["pas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rb"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rsz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ryń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["róz"] = { gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["s"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["taw"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ub"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ud"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ug"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["um"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["us"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["vik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened", note = "archaic" } }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, ["wil"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["zok"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zyż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ząb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ęk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęp"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["łak"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["łm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łom"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łub"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["śl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, acc_s = "e", dat_p = { "e", "e'om" }, dat_s = { "e", "e'owi" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "e", "e'ów" }, gen_s = { "e", "e'u" }, ins_p = { "e", "e'ami" }, ins_s = { "e", "e'em" }, loc_p = { "e", "e'ach" }, loc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["AT"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["J"] = { dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" } }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OT"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Ol"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = "-ecie", nom_p = { "-ety", "-y" } }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["el"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["iD"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-zie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["iK"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-iem", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-i" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kot"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "" }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["Ś"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, }, }, ["n common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n common pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["ekt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["it"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["nt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ust"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zwi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "ym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ani"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "mi", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ic"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["jc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sat"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ż"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, }, }, ["n common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ajk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach" }, ["jtk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "i", loc_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["unk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["om"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["on"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, }, }, ["n common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ema"] = { dat_p = "tom", gen_p = "tów", ins_p = "tami", loc_p = "tach", nom_p = "ta" }, ["lon"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["il"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "e" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["mil"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "iów", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach", nom_p = "ia" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["nal"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["nci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["si"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["wal"] = { dat_s = "u", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["woj"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["zc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["żci"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["a"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ł", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "le", note = "colloquial" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["al"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["at"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["atł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["cer"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["cz"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["dk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } } }, ["eg"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["end"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ent"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["est"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["eł"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["fot"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = "u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["int"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["jk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["li"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["mk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["nak"] = { dat_s = { "owi", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, nom_p = { "a", "i" } }, ["ng"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ol"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ors"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["pol"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["re"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["red"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["st"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["tk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["zz"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["n common sg ę"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ętom", dat_s = "ęciu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ąt", gen_s = "ęcia", ins_p = "ętami", ins_s = "ęciem", loc_p = "ętach", nom_p = "ęta" }, ["mi"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "eniu", gen_p = "on", gen_s = "enia", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "eniem", loc_p = "onach", nom_p = "ona" }, }, }, ["n place pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ot"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["yt"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["alc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["cel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eńc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["olc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["źc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ag"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["isk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lig"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ośk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ruk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sęk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ug"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zeg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["łak"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n place pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ach"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["doł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ep"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gon"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hab"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["id"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["is"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["kan"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["koł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ndr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ord"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["os"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ozd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rob"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["roz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tos"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["um"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["was"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zch"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zyb"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ąs"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ład"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łoz"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["łyn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["żn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nd"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n place sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "ch" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, }, }, ["n place sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["ad"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ag"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ajn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["amn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ew"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ewn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["iw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["izn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ong"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["osn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["sn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["tw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["udn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów", { "", stem = "lengthened" } } }, ["ówn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łot"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["śn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg um"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, acc_s = "um", dat_p = { "om", { "um", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = "um", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "um", gen_s = "um", ins_p = { "ami", { "um", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = "um", loc_p = { "ach", { "um", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = "um", nom_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "um" }, }, }, ["n proper pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "e", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "y", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["BS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["J"] = { acc_p = { "", "-oty" }, dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_s = { "", "-ocie" } }, ["L"] = { acc_p = { "", "-e" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["R"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["Z"] = { acc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, ["k"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { acc_p = { "", "y" }, dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" }, voc_p = { "", "y" }, voc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ś"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg e"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "a", voc_p = "a", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["n proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = "ego", ins_p = {}, ins_s = "ym", loc_p = {}, loc_s = "ym", nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Adjective rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of an adjective in table order: the singular by gender column (the masculine animate and inanimate share -- most of them), then the virile and non-virile plural. data.adjective_slots = { "nom_m", "nom_f", "nom_n", "nom_mp_pers", "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "gen_mn", "gen_f", "gen_p", "dat_mn", "dat_f", "dat_p", "acc_m_an", "acc_m_in", "acc_f", "acc_n", "acc_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers", "ins_mn", "ins_f", "ins_p", "loc_mn", "loc_f", "loc_p", "short", } -- The nominative endings of an adjective's lemma (its masculine singular), which pick its group in `adjective_groups`. data.adjective_nominatives = { "y", "i" } -- The kind of an adjective, for its title and category, given by the first pattern its lemma matches. data.adjective_kinds = { { "y$", "hard" }, { "[kg]i$", "velar" }, { "", "soft" } } -- How to find the masculine of an adjectival word given in another gender (''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → -- ''tani'', ''wielkie'' → ''wielki'', and likewise a non-virile plural such as ''Zjednoczone''). Take the first ending -- of its rule gender (`plural` for a plural) that it has, and replace it with the soft masculine ending if the ending -- is `soft` or the stem ends in a letter of `soft_after`, and with the hard one otherwise. data.adjective_lemma = { endings = { f = { { "ia", soft = true }, { "a" } }, n = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, plural = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, }, soft = "i", hard = "y", soft_after = { k = true, g = true }, } -- The endings that follow the softened consonant of a virile nominative plural (''krew|ni'', ''pols|c|y''), used to -- find the masculine of a virile adjectival word. data.virile_endings = { "", "y" } -- The noun slot that each adjective slot of an adjectival word fills, by the rule gender of the noun. `plural` is the -- plural of every rule gender except `m-pr`, whose plural is in its own entry. The vocative is the nominative. data.adjectival_slots = { ["m-pr"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", nom_p = "nom_mp_pers", acc_p = "acc_mp_pers", voc_p = "nom_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", }, ["m-anml"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, ["m-in"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_in", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, f = { nom_s = "nom_f", gen_s = "gen_f", dat_s = "dat_f", acc_s = "acc_f", ins_s = "ins_f", loc_s = "loc_f", voc_s = "nom_f", }, n = { nom_s = "nom_n", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_n", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_n", }, plural = { nom_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", acc_p = "acc_p_not_mp_pers", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", voc_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", }, } -- The adjective slots that always have the forms of another slot, by source slot: the dative, instrumental and -- locative feminine singular come from the genitive and accusative, the locative masculine singular from the -- instrumental, and the locative plural from the genitive. data.adjective_shared = { gen_f = { "dat_f", "loc_f" }, acc_f = { "ins_f" }, ins_mn = { "loc_mn" }, gen_p = { "loc_p" }, } -- The accusatives an adjective takes from other slots, as pairs of source and accusative. data.adjective_accusatives = { { "nom_n", "acc_n" }, { "gen_mn", "acc_m_an" }, { "nom_m", "acc_m_in" }, { "gen_p", "acc_mp_pers" }, { "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers" }, { "nom_mp_npers", "acc_mp_npers" }, { "nom_fp", "acc_fp" }, { "nom_np", "acc_np" }, } -- The last letter of an adjective stem that drops before an ending starting with the given letter (e.g. ''moj-'' + -- ''-ich'' → ''moich''). data.adjective_dropped = { j = "i" } -- The archaic dative added by `archdat` (''polsku''): its ending, added to the adjective's stem, and its footnote (a -- key of `notes`). data.archaic_dative = { "u", note = "archaic" } --[==[ The irregular adjectives of `<irreg>`, tried on the lemma in order. `pattern` captures the stem (or `stem` gives it), and each of the `sets` adds forms to the stem (plus `add`), with an optional footnote. A set's `endings` give the slots in which a regular adjective has its own forms; the other slots are shared as for every adjective (the dative, instrumental and locative feminine singular are the genitive, accusative and genitive; the locative masculine singular is the instrumental; and the locative plural is the genitive). `-` as an ending means the lemma itself. A set's `own` endings fill a slot without that sharing. `table` names a table with slots of its own (`dwa` for the plural of ''dwa'' and ''oba'', and `plonly` for the plural only). ]==] local function normal(nom_f, nom_n, nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn, gen_f, gen_p, dat_mn, dat_p, acc_f, ins_mn, ins_p) return { nom_f = nom_f, nom_n = nom_n, nom_mp_pers = nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers = nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn = gen_mn, gen_f = gen_f, gen_p = gen_p, dat_mn = dat_mn, dat_p = dat_p, acc_f = acc_f, ins_mn = ins_mn, ins_p = ins_p, } end local DWA = { table = "dwa", sets = { { own = { nom_mp_pers = "aj", nom_mp_npers = "a", nom_fp = "ie", nom_np = "a", gen_p = { "u", "óch" }, dat_p = { "u", "om", "óm" }, ins_mnp = { "oma", "u" }, ins_fp = { "iema", "oma", "u" }, loc_p = { "u", "óch" }, }, } }, } data.irregular_adjectives = { { pattern = "^(dw)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(ob)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(.*[st]w)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*m)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*)ten$", sets = { { endings = normal("ta", "to", "ci", "te", "tego", "tej", "tych", "temu", "tym", nil, "tym", "tymi") }, { own = { acc_f = "tę" } }, { own = { acc_f = "tą" }, note = "proscribed but much more common" }, { own = { ins_f = "tą" } }, } }, -- ''tenże'' declines like ''ten'', with ''-ż'' after a vowel and ''-że'' after a consonant. { pattern = "^(.*)tenże$", sets = { { endings = normal("taż", "toż", "ciż", "też", "tegoż", "tejże", "tychże", "temuż", "tymże", nil, "tymże", "tymiż") }, { own = { acc_f = { "tęż", "tęże", "tąż", "tąże" }, ins_f = { "tąż", "tąże" } } }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*czyj)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*sam)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*jed)en$", sets = { { add = "n", endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(on)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^ów$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^owy$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*il)e$", table = "plonly", sets = { { endings = normal(nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, nil, "u", nil, "u", nil, nil, "u") }, { own = { ins_p = "oma" }, note = "rare" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*wszys)tek$", sets = { { add = "tk", endings = normal("a", "o", nil, "ie", "iego", "iej", "ich", "iemu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi"), archaic_dative = "u" }, { add = "c", own = { nom_mp_pers = "y" } }, } }, } --[==[ The adjective groups, keyed `adj common sg NOMINATIVE` (the lemma's ending, `y` or `i`) like the noun groups. ]==] data.adjective_groups = { ["adj common sg "] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_f = "ą", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["."] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["a"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ad"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {}, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["asz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["d"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "" }, ["e"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["en"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "reduced" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "reduced" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ych", stem = "reduced" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, ins_mn = { "ym", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ymi", stem = "reduced" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ent"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "shortened" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "shortened" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "shortened" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["n"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nd"] = { nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["nt"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {} }, ["o"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["om"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ron"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["rt"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["w"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yj"] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", ins_f = "ą", nom_f = "a", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["é"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ż"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, }, }, ["adj common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "iemu", gen_f = "iej", gen_mn = "iego", gen_p = "ich", ins_mn = "im", ins_p = "imi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "ie", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ie" }, ["b"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { acc_f = "ią", nom_f = "ia", nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["i"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["ks"] = { acc_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["w"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["y"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["z"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["adj common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["c"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["h"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ron"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["soł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["won"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łon"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ż"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, } return data dk7oyo962zmxmqi94h8axft2nr8pbot 2573586 2573584 2026-10-26T08:17:40Z Hiyuune 50834 2573586 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ Polish data for [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]: the declension rules, the stem alternations they use, the irregular words, the footnotes, and the indicators of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|pl-adecl}}. TERMINOLOGY: * "stem" = The lemma minus its nominative ending, e.g. ''kobiet-'' from ''kobieta'' and ''okn-'' from ''okno''. A masculine noun ending in a consonant is its own stem (''pies''). * "group" = The nouns that share one set of rules, i.e. those with the same gender (`m-pr` masculine personal, `m-anml` masculine animal, `m-in` masculine inanimate, `f`, `n`), kind (common nouns, surnames, given names, place names and other names) and nominative ending (`""` for a consonant, `a`, `o`, `e`, `ę`, `um`, `i`). Pluralia tantum have groups of their own, by the ending of their nominative plural. * "rule" = The forms of one slot for the nouns of a group whose stem ends in particular letters. The rule for the longest such ending applies, and `""` holds the group's default. A form is an ending added either to the stem or to the stem changed by an alternation (e.g. with `stem = "palatal"`, ''kobiet-'' becomes ''kobieci-'' before ''-e''). * "copy" = A slot whose forms are always those of another slot in its group, e.g. the accusative singular of a personal noun is its genitive. ]==] local data = {} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Alternations -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The vowels, used by the rules that look for the last syllable of a stem. data.vowels = "aąeęioóuy" --[==[ The alternations a rule can ask for (`stem = "..."`). Several are joined with "+", in this order: * `reduced`: drop the mobile ''e'' of the stem's last syllable (''pies'' → ''ps-'', ''sweter'' → ''swetr-''). * `inserted_e`, `inserted_ie`: put in ''e'' or ''ie'' before the last consonant (''matk-'' → ''matek'', ''okn-'' → ''okien''). * `truncated`: drop the end of the stem given by `truncate` (''Amerykanin'' → ''Amerykan-'', ''Amerykanie''). * `spelled`: write the end of the stem as `spelled` gives it before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiks-''). * `shortened`: change ''ó'' to ''o'' and ''ą'' to ''ę'' in the last syllable (''stół'' → ''stoł-'', ''ząb'' → ''zęb-''). * `lengthened`: change ''o'' to ''ó'' and ''ę'' to ''ą'' in the last syllable (''drog-'' → ''dróg'', ''ręk-'' → ''rąk''). * `fronted`: change ''o'' or ''a'' to ''e'' in the last syllable (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi''). * `soft`, `palatal`, `virile`: change the last consonant (or two) using one of the tables below. ]==] -- How `shortened` (''stół'' → ''stołu''), `lengthened` (''droga'' → ''dróg'') and `fronted` (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', -- ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi'') change the vowel of a stem's last syllable. data.shorten = { ["ó"] = "o", ["ą"] = "ę" } data.lengthen = { ["o"] = "ó", ["ę"] = "ą" } data.front = { ["o"] = "e", ["a"] = "e" } -- How `truncated` cuts a stem (the plural of the nouns in ''-anin'' has no ''-in'': ''mieszczanin'' → ''mieszczanie'', -- ''mieszczan'') and how `spelled` writes one before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiksu'', ''appendiksie''). data.truncate = { nin = "n" } data.spelled = { x = "ks" } -- How a soft consonant at the end of a stem is written before a vowel, e.g. ''koń'' → ''konia''. data.soft = { ["dź"] = "dzi", ["ć"] = "ci", ["ń"] = "ni", ["ś"] = "si", ["ź"] = "zi" } -- The reverse: how a stem's soft consonant spelled with ''i'' is written at the end of a word with no ending, e.g. -- ''danie'' → ''dań''. The module also uses `soft` to respell a final soft consonant before a vowel, as Polish -- spelling always does (''niedźwiedź'' + ''-a'' → ''niedźwiedzia''), so a rule's ending doesn't need `soft` for that. data.final_soft = { ["dzi"] = "dź", ["ci"] = "ć", ["ni"] = "ń", ["si"] = "ś", ["zi"] = "ź" } -- The consonants that stay soft when a mobile ''ie'' before them drops, e.g. ''goniec'' → ''gońca'', ''wrzesień'' → -- ''września''. Before the other consonants, the ''i'' only marked their softness and goes with it (''pies'' → -- ''psa'', ''łokieć'' → ''łokcia''). data.reduced_soft = { n = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", c = "ć", dz = "dź" } -- The first palatalization, before ''-e'' (in the locative singular and the feminine dative singular). data.palatal = { -- After ''c'', ''r'' and ''s'', the ''z'' of ''-zn-'' and ''-zł-'' is part of a digraph and doesn't soften -- (''logiczny'' → ''logiczni'', ''Leszno'' → ''Lesznie'', ''zeszły'' → ''zeszli'', but ''żelazny'' → ''żelaźni''). ["czn"] = "czni", ["rzn"] = "rzni", ["szn"] = "szni", ["czł"] = "czl", ["rzł"] = "rzl", ["szł"] = "szl", ["st"] = "ści", ["zd"] = "ździ", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", ["sn"] = "śni", ["zn"] = "źni", ["sm"] = "śmi", ["zm"] = "źmi", ["ch"] = "sz", ["p"] = "pi", ["b"] = "bi", ["f"] = "fi", ["w"] = "wi", ["v"] = "vi", ["m"] = "mi", ["n"] = "ni", ["s"] = "si", ["z"] = "zi", ["t"] = "ci", ["d"] = "dzi", ["r"] = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["h"] = "ż", } -- The tooltip over the row header of each case, giving its Polish name and questions. data.case_titles = { nom = "mianownik (kto? co?)", gen = "dopełniacz (kogo? czego?)", dat = "celownik (komu? czemu?)", acc = "biernik (kogo? co?)", ins = "narzędnik (kim? czym?)", loc = "miejscownik (o kim? o czym?)", voc = "wołacz (o!)", } -- The nominative endings split off a lemma to get its stem, by gender (and `plural` for a plurale tantum), tried in -- order. For example, ''kobieta'' is ''kobiet-'' plus ''-a'', a masculine in ''-y'' or ''-i'' is an adjectival noun -- (''Kowalski''), and one in ''-e'' declines as an adjective in the singular (''Bethke'', ''Bethkego'', ''Bethkowie''). -- A lemma with none of them is its own stem (''pies''). data.nominative_endings = { m = { "a", "o", "y", "i", "e" }, f = { "a", "i" }, n = { "um", "o", "e", "ę" }, plural = { "i", "y", "e", "a" }, } -- The endings of `nominative_endings` that are only a nominative after a consonant, by gender. After a vowel they belong -- to the stem (''playboy'', ''playboya''; ''Halley'', ''Halleya''). data.nominative_after_consonant = { m = { y = true, i = true, e = true } } -- The mobile vowels that `reduced` drops, tried in order: ''ie'' after a consonant, which stays soft according to -- `soften` (''goniec'' → ''gońc-''), and ''e'' (''pies'' → ''ps-''). data.mobile_vowels = { { "ie", after_consonant = true, soften = "reduced_soft" }, { "e" }, } -- The mobile vowel that `*` puts into a bare form: ''ie'' after the letters in `after` (''okno'' → ''okien'', ''igła'' -- → ''igieł''), and otherwise `default` (''matka'' → ''matek''). data.inserted_vowel = { default = "e", after = { k = "ie", g = "ie" } } -- The vowel that spells a soft consonant before another vowel (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). An ending drops its first -- vowel after it if that vowel is one of `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), and also after a -- softening of the stem that ends in it (''Herod'' + virile ''-y'' → ''Herodzi'', ''Twardy'' + ''-i'' → ''Twardzi''). data.soft_vowel = "i" data.soft_vowel_absorbs = { "i", "y" } -- The vowel never written after the soft vowel. After a stem's own ''i'', it is dropped if the ''i'' spells a soft -- consonant (the stem ends in a key of `final_soft`: ''niunia'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the soft vowel if -- the ''i'' is a vowel (''Ilia'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). data.hard_vowel = "y" -- The digraphs a stem can end in, which count as one consonant (for the stem type in the categories, and for Standard -- Kurpie). data.digraphs = { ch = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dź"] = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true } -- The softening in the masculine personal nominative plural (''student'' → ''studenci'', ''Polak'' → ''Polacy''). data.virile = { ["st"] = "ści", ["ch"] = "s", ["t"] = "c", ["d"] = "dz", ["r"] = "rz", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["ł"] = "l", ["sz"] = "s", ["s"] = "s", ["z"] = "z", ["n"] = "n", ["p"] = "p", ["b"] = "b", ["m"] = "m", ["w"] = "w", ["f"] = "f", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Notes -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The footnotes a rule or an override can give a form, by key: `note = "dated"` in a rule, or `[dated]` in a spec. data.notes = { archaic = "cổ xưa", colloquial = "thông tục", dated = "lỗi thời", deprecative = "từ miệt thị", dialectal = "phương ngữ", humorous = "từ hài hước", literary = "ngôn ngữ văn chương", obsolete = "không còn dùng", pejorative = "nghĩa xấu", proscribed = "bị phản đối", rare = "hiếm", regional = "từ địa phương", vulgar = "thô tục", -- Notes for the forms of a pronoun that are only clitics (''go'', ''mi'') or only follow a preposition (''niego''). unstressed = "không nhấn trọng âm", after_preposition = "sau giới từ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Indicators -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The indicators of each template, by name. Indicators with the same `group` exclude each other, and the group names what they set (read with `Spec:group`). `sets` is the value the indicator gives its group if that isn't its own name, and `value` means it takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń`). ]==] data.indicators = { noun = { m = { group = "gender" }, f = { group = "gender" }, n = { group = "gender" }, pr = { group = "animacy" }, anml = { group = "animacy" }, inan = { group = "animacy" }, sg = { group = "number" }, pl = { group = "number" }, ["*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["-*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["#"] = { group = "quantity" }, ["-#"] = { group = "quantity" }, surname = { group = "kind" }, given = { group = "kind" }, place = { group = "kind" }, proper = { group = "kind" }, irreg = { group = "type" }, indecl = { group = "type" }, ["!"] = { group = "type" }, ["+"] = { group = "type" }, pron = { group = "type" }, num = { group = "type" }, decllemma = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, r = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, soft = {}, }, adjective = { irreg = {}, plonly = {}, archdat = {}, decllemma = { value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, num = {}, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, pos = { value = "part of speech" }, }, } -- The parts of speech an adjective table can be categorized under (given with `pos:` on one of its words, with -- `adjective` as the default), along with the plural its categories use ("Polish hard pronouns"). data.parts_of_speech = { adjective = "tính từ", pronoun = "đại từ", determiner = "từ hạn định", numeral = "số từ", suffix = "hậu tố", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lects -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The lects that have a table of their own (`lect:CODE`), by their code in [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. An "attested" table lists the forms given and nothing else (`respelling` gives the link target of each form), and a "paradigm" generates the forms from the `rules` named. The forms of any other lect go in the `dialectal` table, each tagged with its lect. The names of the lects are read from [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. ]==] data.lect_tables = { -- The Middle Polish forms link to their modern spelling, using `middle_polish_respelling`. mpl = { table = "attested", respelling = "middle_polish_respelling" }, -- The Standard Kurpie forms are generated from `kurpie`. skur = { table = "paradigm", rules = "kurpie" }, } -- The data module of the lects, with their codes, names and aliases. data.lect_module = "Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl" -- The start of the title of a lect's table (or of the dialectal table), before its head. data.lect_titles = { mpl = "Dạng biến thể hình thái chứng thực tiếng Ba Lan trung đại của ", skur = "Biến cách phương ngữ Kurpie tiêu chuẩn của ", dialectal = "Dạng biến thể hình thái chứng thực theo phương ngữ của ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Categories -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The categories of a table of the standard language, each after the language's name ("Polish singularia tantum"). A noun table of one word is categorized by its stem type and gender (`stem`, e.g. "velar feminine nouns"), by what its forms show (`reducible` for a mobile ''e'', `quantitative` for ''ó''/''o'' or ''ą''/''ę''), and by its type (`irregular`, `adjectival`, `indeclinable`). A phrase, a pronoun or a numeral is only categorized by its number. An adjective table is categorized by its kind and part of speech (`adjective_kind`, e.g. "hard adjectives" or "soft pronouns"), and by any short forms and irregular stem. ]==] data.categories = { singularia_tantum = "chỉ có số ít", pluralia_tantum = "chỉ có số nhiều", stem = "Danh từ %s %s", reducible = "Danh từ với thân từ rút gọn", quantitative = "nouns with quantitative vowel alternation", irregular = "Danh từ bất quy tắc", adjectival = "Danh tính từ", indeclinable = "Danh từ không biến cách", adjective_kind = "%s %s", short_forms = "%s với dạng ngắn", irregular_stem = "%s với thân từ bất quy tắc", } -- The gender of a noun as its stem category names it, by gender and (for masculines) animacy. data.category_genders = { m = { pr = "giống đực nhân xưng", anml = "giống đực hữu sinh", inan = "giống đực vô sinh" }, f = "giống cái", n = "giống trung", } -- The stem type of a noun by the last consonant of its stem: velar, soft (including the functionally soft ''c'', -- ''cz'', ''dz'', ''dż'', ''rz'', ''sz'' and ''ż''), or otherwise hard. data.stem_types = { velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true, i = true, c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true, }, } -- The Middle Polish letters that are respelled in the link target of a form (''ptåka'' links to [[ptaka]]). The form -- itself is shown as written. data.middle_polish_respelling = { ["å"] = "a", ["á"] = "a", ["é"] = "e", ["Å"] = "A", ["Á"] = "A", ["É"] = "E", } --[==[ The Standard Kurpie paradigm (`lect:skur`) * `palatal`: what the last consonant (or cluster) of a stem becomes before an ending with `stem = "palatal"`. An ''s'' or ''z'' before a softened consonant is softened too (''masło'' → ''maśle'', ''źosna'' → ''źośńe''), but not the ''z'' of ''rz''. The velars only change before the ''-e'' of a feminine; a masculine or neuter velar takes ''-u''. * `hardened`: the consonants after which an ending's ''ï'' is written ''y'' (''ulicy'', ''nocy''). * `soft` and `velar`: the last consonants that make a stem soft or velar, which decide the type of a lemma. * `mazurated`: the last consonants that can come from mazuration (''s'', ''z'', ''c'', ''dz'' for ''sz'', ''ż'', ''cz'', ''dż''). The indicator `soft` makes such a stem soft, as in ''lystonos'' (< ''listonosz''), whose spelling doesn't show it; ''sołtys'' stays hard. * `nouns[GENDER][TYPE]`: the ending of each slot, as in `noun_groups` (a string, or `{ ending, stem = "palatal" }`). The type comes from the lemma; see `paradigm_type` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]. * `copies[GENDER]` and `animate_copies[ANIMACY]`: the slots that take the forms of another slot. * `clear`, `clear_before_nasal` and `nasals`: the alternation of `#`, by which the slanted vowel of the last syllable of a consonant-final lemma is clear before an ending (''kśądz'', ''kśę̈dza''). Before one of the `nasals`, where ''o'' is always written ''ó'', the slanted ''ó'' alternates with ''a''. * `adjective`: the endings of the single adjective declension, by slot of `adjective_slots`, added to the lemma minus its last letter. ]==] data.kurpie = { palatal = { ["rzn"] = "rzń", ["rzł"] = "rzl", st = "ść", zd = "źdź", sn = "śń", zn = "źń", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", sm = "śń", zm = "źń", b = "bź", p = "pś", f = "ś", w = "ź", m = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", t = "ć", d = "dź", n = "ń", r = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ch = "s", k = "c", g = "dz", }, hardened = { c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true }, -- The type of a lemma, by gender. Take the first entry whose ending the lemma has (`""` for none; with -- `consonant_final`, only if it doesn't end in one of the `vowels`). The type is that of the first class in the -- entry's `by_final` that has the last consonant of the stem, and otherwise `default`; it is a type of the gender -- `declension` if the entry gives one. With the indicator `soft`, it is the entry's `soft`. types = { f = { { ending = "a", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, -- After a soft consonant, the ending is written ''-å'' (''sukńå''). { ending = "å", default = "soft" }, { ending = "", by_final = { { "soft", "soft_consonant" } }, default = "hard_consonant" }, }, n = { { ending = "um", default = "latinate" }, -- A final ''ę'' is written ''ë'' (''wyńë''). { ending = "ë", default = "nasal" }, -- A soft stem in ''-o'' is a j-stem (''jajo''). { ending = "o", by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "hardened", "hardened" }, { "soft", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "e", by_final = { { "hardened", "hardened" } }, default = "soft" }, }, m = { { ending = "", consonant_final = true, by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard", soft = "soft" }, -- An animate masculine in ''-a'' or ''-å'' (''starosta'', ''sę̈dźå'') declines as a feminine, with the -- accusative plural of its animacy. { ending = "a", declension = "f", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "å", declension = "f", default = "soft" }, }, }, -- The nominative plural endings a plurale tantum can have, tried in order (''Ńëmcy''). plural_nominatives = { "y", "ï", "e", "a" }, vowels = "aąeęioóuyåéëï", -- A personal or animal velar has a type of its own, with the genitive and accusative in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_types = { velar = "animate_velar" }, -- How the first letter of an ending is written after a hardened consonant (''ï'' as ''y''). hardened_spelling = { ["ï"] = "y" }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true }, velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, mazurated = { s = true, z = true, c = true, dz = true }, -- The consonants after which an adjective has ''-ï'' for ''-y'' (''głupśï''). adjective_soft = { ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["ć"] = true, ["dź"] = true, ["ń"] = true, j = true }, clear = { ["ó"] = "o", ["é"] = "e", ["å"] = "a", ["ą"] = "ę̈" }, clear_before_nasal = { ["ó"] = "a" }, nasals = { m = true, n = true, ["ń"] = true }, nouns = { m = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "u", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, -- A personal or animal velar takes the genitive (and accusative) in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, }, f = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, hard_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "y", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "y", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "y", }, soft_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "ï", }, }, n = { hard = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "å", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "u", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, hardened = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, nasal = { nom_p = "óna", gen_s = "ëńå", gen_p = "ónów", dat_s = "ëńu", dat_p = "ónóm", ins_s = "ëńëm", ins_p = "ónańï", loc_s = "ëńu", loc_p = "ónach", }, latinate = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "um", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "um", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "um", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", }, }, }, copies = { m = { voc_s = "loc_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, f = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, n = { acc_s = "nom_s", voc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, }, animate_copies = { pr = { acc_p = "gen_p" }, anml = { acc_p = "nom_p" }, inan = { acc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p" }, }, -- The other slots are shared as in the standard tables (e.g. the dative and locative feminine come from the -- genitive), and the plural has one nominative for both genders. adjective = { nom_n = "e", nom_f = "å", nom_mp_pers = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e", gen_mn = "égo", gen_f = "éj", gen_p = "éch", dat_mn = "ëmu", dat_p = "ëm", acc_f = "ó", ins_mn = "ëm", ins_p = "ëńï", }, } -- The rule gender of each gender and animacy of a call. data.rule_gender = { m = { pr = "m-pr", anml = "m-anml", inan = "m-in" }, f = "f", n = "n", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lexicon -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of a noun in the order the lexicon lists them in. data.slot_order = { "nom_s", "gen_s", "dat_s", "acc_s", "ins_s", "loc_s", "voc_s", "nom_p", "gen_p", "dat_p", "acc_p", "ins_p", "loc_p", "voc_p", } -- The irregular nouns of `<irreg>`, by lemma, with their gender and animacy and every form, in `slot_order`. data.irregular_nouns = { ["brat"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "brat", "brata", "bratu", "brata", "bratem", "bracie", "bracie", "bracia", "braci", "braciom", "braci", "braćmi", "braciach", "bracia", }, ["dziecko"] = { gender = "n", "dziecko", "dziecka", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieckiem", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieci", "dzieci", "dzieciom", "dzieci", "dziećmi", "dzieciach", "dzieci", }, ["ksiądz"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "ksiądz", "księdza", "księdzu", "księdza", "księdzem", "księdzu", "księże", "księża", "księży", "księżom", "księży", "księżmi", "księżach", "księża", }, ["książę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "książę", "księcia", "księciu", "księcia", "księciem", "księciu", "książę", "książęta", "książąt", "książętom", "książąt", "książętami", "książętach", "książęta", }, ["rok"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "inan", "rok", "roku", "rokowi", "rok", "rokiem", "roku", "roku", "lata", "lat", "latom", "lata", "latami", "latach", "lata", }, ["arcyksiążę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciem", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksiążęta", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętom", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętami", "arcyksiążętach", "arcyksiążęta", }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Pronouns, numerals and noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The pronouns of `<pron>`, by lemma, with the numbers of the table (`numberless` for ''siebie'') and the forms of each slot, each a string or `{ form, notes = { KEY... } }` with keys of `notes`. A pronoun made of one of these plus an ending in `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. ''cośkolwiek'') declines like the pronoun, with the ending after every form. ]==] data.pronouns = { ["co"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "co" }, gen_s = { "czego", { "co", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemu" }, acc_s = { "co" }, ins_s = { "czym" }, loc_s = { "czym" }, }, ["cokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "czegokolwiek", { "cokolwiek", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "cokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, }, ["coś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "coś" }, gen_s = { "czegoś", { "coś", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuś" }, acc_s = { "coś" }, ins_s = { "czymś" }, loc_s = { "czymś" }, }, ["cóż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cóż" }, gen_s = { "czegoż", "czegóż", { "cóż", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuż" }, acc_s = { "cóż" }, ins_s = { "czymże" }, loc_s = { "czymże" }, }, ["ja"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ja" }, gen_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "mnie", { "mi", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, ins_s = { "mną" }, loc_s = { "mnie" }, }, ["kto"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "kto" }, gen_s = { "kogo" }, dat_s = { "komu" }, acc_s = { "kogo" }, ins_s = { "kim" }, loc_s = { "kim" }, }, ["ktokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, dat_s = { "komukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, }, ["ktoś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktoś" }, gen_s = { "kogoś" }, dat_s = { "komuś" }, acc_s = { "kogoś" }, ins_s = { "kimś" }, loc_s = { "kimś" }, }, ["któż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "któż" }, gen_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, dat_s = { "komuż" }, acc_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, ins_s = { "kimże" }, loc_s = { "kimże" }, }, ["my"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "my" }, gen_p = { "nas" }, dat_p = { "nam" }, acc_p = { "nas" }, ins_p = { "nami" }, loc_p = { "nas" }, voc_p = { "my" }, }, ["nic"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nic" }, gen_s = { "nic", "niczego" }, dat_s = { "niczemu" }, acc_s = { "nic" }, ins_s = { "niczym" }, loc_s = { "niczym" }, }, ["nikt"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nikt" }, gen_s = { "nikogo" }, dat_s = { "nikomu" }, acc_s = { "nikogo" }, ins_s = { "nikim" }, loc_s = { "nikim" }, }, ["on"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "on" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["ona"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ona" }, gen_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "ją", { "nią", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nią" }, loc_s = { "niej" }, }, ["one"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "one" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["oni"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "oni" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["ono"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ono" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["siebie"] = { numbers = { "s" }, numberless = true, gen_s = { "siebie", "się" }, dat_s = { "sobie", "se" }, acc_s = { "siebie", "się" }, ins_s = { "sobą" }, loc_s = { "sobie", "se" }, }, ["ty"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ty" }, gen_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, dat_s = { "tobie", { "ci", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, ins_s = { "tobą" }, loc_s = { "tobie" }, voc_s = { "ty", { "te", notes = { "proscribed", "colloquial" } } }, }, ["wszystko"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "wszystko" }, gen_s = { "wszystkiego" }, dat_s = { "wszystkiemu" }, acc_s = { "wszystko" }, ins_s = { "wszystkim" }, loc_s = { "wszystkim" }, }, ["wy"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "wy" }, gen_p = { "was" }, dat_p = { "wam" }, acc_p = { "was" }, ins_p = { "wami" }, loc_p = { "was" }, voc_p = { "wy" }, }, } data.pronoun_suffixes = { "śkolwiek", "kolwiek", "ś" } --[==[ The numerals of `<num>`, by the end of their lemma (the longest one a lemma ends in applies). `numeral_rules` has the cardinals of {{tl|pl-adecl}} (''pięć'', ''trzy'', ''-naście'', ''-set''), with a virile and a non-virile column in the slots of `adjective_slots`, and `collective_rules` has the collectives of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} (''pięcioro'', ''dwoje''), in the plural slots of a noun. Each slot has the endings that follow the lemma minus its key, as in `noun_groups`, and the comment on each rule names the numerals it was made from. ]==] data.numeral_rules = { ["a"] = { -- kilka nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "a", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "a", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["adziesiąt"] = { -- kilkadziesiąt nom_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", gen_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięcioma", "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, }, ["adzieścia"] = { -- dwadzieścia nom_mp_pers = "udziestu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", gen_p = "udziestu", dat_p = "udziestu", acc_mp_pers = "udziestu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", ins_p = { "udziestoma", "udziestu" }, loc_p = "udziestu", }, ["akroć"] = { -- dwakroć nom_mp_pers = "ukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", gen_p = "ukroć", dat_p = "ukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", ins_p = { "ukroć", { "omakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukroć", }, ["anaście"] = { -- dwanaście, kilkanaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["aset"] = { -- kilkaset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["edziesiąt"] = { -- wieledziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ekolwiek"] = { -- ilekolwiek nom_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", gen_p = "ukolwiek", dat_p = "ukolwiek", acc_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", ins_p = { "ukolwiek", { "omakolwiek", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukolwiek", }, ["ele"] = { -- niewiele, wiele nom_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", gen_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", ins_p = { "eloma", "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" }, { "elą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, }, ["em"] = { -- siedem nom_mp_pers = "miu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miu", dat_p = "miu", acc_mp_pers = "miu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "mioma", "miu" }, loc_p = "miu", }, ["emkroć"] = { -- siedemkroć nom_mp_pers = "miukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", gen_p = "miukroć", dat_p = "miukroć", acc_mp_pers = "miukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", ins_p = { "miukroć", { "miomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miukroć", }, ["emset"] = { -- siedemset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["eset"] = { -- wieleset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["eś"] = { -- ileś nom_mp_pers = "uś", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", gen_p = "uś", dat_p = "uś", acc_mp_pers = "uś", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", ins_p = { "uś", { "omaś", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uś", }, ["eż"] = { -- ileż, tyleż, wieleż nom_mp_pers = "uż", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", gen_p = "uż", dat_p = "uż", acc_mp_pers = "uż", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", ins_p = { "uż", { "omaż", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uż", }, ["ieście"] = { -- dwieście nom_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", gen_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = "ustu", acc_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", ins_p = { "ustu", { "omaset", note = "rare" }, { "ustoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ile"] = { -- ile nom_mp_pers = "ilu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", gen_p = "ilu", dat_p = "ilu", acc_mp_pers = "ilu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", ins_p = { "iloma", "ilu" }, loc_p = "ilu", }, ["mset"] = { -- siedmset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["o"] = { -- sto nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "o", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "o", ins_p = { "u", { "oma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "u", }, ["siem"] = { -- osiem nom_mp_pers = "śmiu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiu", dat_p = "śmiu", acc_mp_pers = "śmiu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmioma", "śmiu" }, loc_p = "śmiu", }, ["siemkroć"] = { -- osiemkroć nom_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", gen_p = "śmiukroć", dat_p = "śmiukroć", acc_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", ins_p = { "śmiukroć", { "śmiomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiukroć", }, ["siemset"] = { -- osiemset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, ["y"] = { -- cztery, trzy nom_mp_pers = { "ech", "ej" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "y", gen_p = "ech", dat_p = "em", acc_mp_pers = "ech", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "y", ins_p = "ema", loc_p = "ech", }, ["ykroć"] = { -- trzykroć nom_mp_pers = "echkroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", gen_p = "echkroć", dat_p = "echkroć", acc_mp_pers = "echkroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", ins_p = { "echkroć", { "emakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "echkroć", }, ["yle"] = { -- tyle nom_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", gen_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", ins_p = { "yloma", "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" }, { "ylą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ysta"] = { -- czterysta, trzysta nom_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", gen_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, dat_p = "ystu", acc_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", ins_p = { "ystu", { "ystoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, }, ["ąt"] = { -- dziewięćdziesiąt, osiemdziesiąt, ośmdziesiąt, pięćdziesiąt, siedemdziesiąt, siedmdziesiąt, sześćdziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "ęciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", gen_p = "ęciu", dat_p = "ęciu", acc_mp_pers = "ęciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", ins_p = { "ęcioma", "ęciu" }, loc_p = "ęciu", }, ["ć"] = { -- dziesięć, dziewięć, pięć, sześć nom_mp_pers = "ciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", gen_p = "ciu", dat_p = "ciu", acc_mp_pers = "ciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", ins_p = { "cioma", "ciu" }, loc_p = "ciu", }, ["ćkroć"] = { -- pięćkroć nom_mp_pers = "ciukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", gen_p = "ciukroć", dat_p = "ciukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ciukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", ins_p = { "ciukroć", { "ciomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciukroć", }, ["ćset"] = { -- dziewięćset, pięćset, sześćset nom_mp_pers = "ciuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", gen_p = "ciuset", dat_p = "ciuset", acc_mp_pers = "ciuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", ins_p = { "ciuset", { "ciomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciuset", }, ["ę"] = { -- parę nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["ędziesiąt"] = { -- parędziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ęnaście"] = { -- paręnaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["ęset"] = { -- paręset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["ści"] = { -- czterdzieści, trzydzieści nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["ście"] = { -- czternaście, dziewiętnaście, jedenaście, naście, osiemnaście, ośmnaście, piętnaście, siedemnaście, siedmnaście, szesnaście, trzynaście nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["śmset"] = { -- ośmset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, } data.collective_rules = { ["e"] = { -- dwoje, oboje, obydwoje, obydwoje, troje nom_p = "e", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "e", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "e", }, ["o"] = { -- czterdzieścioro, czternaścioro, czworo, dwadzieścioro, dwanaścioro, dziesięcioro, dziewiętnaścioro, dziewięcioro, dziewięćdziesięcioro, jedenaścioro, kilkoro, kilkadziesięcioro, kilkanaścioro, naścioro, ośmioro, osiemdziesięcioro, osiemnaścioro, ośmdziesięcioro, ośmnaścioro, piętnaścioro, pięcioro, pięćdziesięcioro, siedmioro, siedemdziesięcioro, siedemnaścioro, siedmdziesięcioro, siedmnaścioro, szesnaścioro, sześcioro, sześćdziesięcioro, trzydzieścioro, trzynaścioro nom_p = "o", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "o", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "o", }, } --[==[ The noun groups, keyed `GENDER KIND NUMBER NOMINATIVE` (e.g. `m-pr common sg `, `f common sg a`, `n place pl y`): * `copies`: the slots that take the forms of another slot (e.g. `acc_s = "gen_s"`). * `rules`: the forms of each slot, by the ending of the stem (`""` is the default). A slot's forms are an ending (a string) or a list of endings, and an ending given as a table can name a `stem` alternation and a `note`. ]==] data.noun_groups = { ["f common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["edź"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nt"] = { gen_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["oć"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["rś"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["tać"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ódź"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ęś"] = { ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ń"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["acz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["all"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ans"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["arł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ast"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["bni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["cn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["cni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["cow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = { "", "y" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["czi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["czm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["dow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dż"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ebn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["fi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["fl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["g"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["gl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["hi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["hl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["hni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["how"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ij"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ion"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["izd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["izi"] = { voc_s = "u" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jom"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ki"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["kk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ksz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ml"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["msz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["nan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ni"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["nni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["nod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", nom_p = "a" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oj"] = { dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "", gen_s = "ej" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["otw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźb"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["p"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["pl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["pow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["r"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["raż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["rzn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["rąż"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["s"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["sc"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["si"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["skr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["szw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ti"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uni"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "u" }, ["uzd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["wol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["wsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["zd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zdr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "" }, ["zl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["zz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ój"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąt"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ępi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ęż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["łbi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["łob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ńsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ści"] = { voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["źn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["źni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["żi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["żni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["żon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { acc_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" } }, ["can"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["san"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, }, }, ["f given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["fi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["ki"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["mi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["nc"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["nul"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["f place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" } }, ["ać"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eś"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, { "e", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ść"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f place sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ask"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["asn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["aw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["ck"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["el"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["enn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ew"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ewn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ez"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ibi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["iw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["iz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["kw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["lw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["lz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mbi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["mż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["odz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ojn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["opn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["prz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["szn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["tcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["usk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["wcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["yst"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["zw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąck"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-a" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["EP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OK"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["PR"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["S"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "", "-etom" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu" }, ins_p = { "", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, }, }, ["f proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, nom_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, }, }, ["f surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["adł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ajn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ak"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["an"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["azł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["bk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["dk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["dni"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "m", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", voc_s = "a" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dzk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["en"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["esk"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["fk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["gł"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["h"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ian"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["in"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["izn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["jew"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["jk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["jn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["kat"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["lan"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["mk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["nk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ok"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["on"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["osk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["osn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["own"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["p"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["pk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["tk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["un"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["wk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["x"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["y"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["yk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["yn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["zk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["zł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["ąk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ćk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["łk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["łn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ńk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["śk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ż"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["żk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["f surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = {}, ins_p = { "m", stem = "fronted" }, ins_s = {}, loc_p = {}, loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "dziadków", stem = "irregular" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "zym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "zych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "zymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "zych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich" }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ard"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ast"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["aść"] = { dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_s = "ą", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bp"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, { "ze", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["dan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów", { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["dr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dur"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dyw"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = { "", "s" }, gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = { "", "s" }, voc_s = "" }, ["eb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ep"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eus"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["eń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["fel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ger"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["han"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["hot"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ib"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["icz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ieć"] = { loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ień"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["iks"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ior"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ir"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["iz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["jas"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jor"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["kok"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["kon"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["kup"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = "i", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["lan"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["lar"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["len"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["leń"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lub"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["mp"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["nel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ng"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nin"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "truncated" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "truncated" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "truncated" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "truncated" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "truncated" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "truncated+palatal" } }, ["nuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nuś"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ob"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ont"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ord"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["pan"] = { dat_s = "u", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["pis"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rab"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ruk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["san"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sul"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["trz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["tur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["uaw"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ud"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wed"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wun"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yr"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["zcz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zes"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["zeń"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["zym"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ódz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ójt"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ąb"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ę"] = { dat_p = "tom", dat_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, depr_p = "ta", gen_p = { "t", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = { "cia", note = "dated" }, ins_p = "tami", ins_s = { "ciem", note = "dated" }, loc_p = "tach", loc_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, nom_p = "ta", voc_s = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łuk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["łup"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["żer"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["żeń"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["bi"] = { ins_s = { "ą", { "m", note = "dated" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "y" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "ę" }, dat_s = { "", "emu" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "", "ego" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "owie" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ped"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ri"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "ów" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ac"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["as"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["bol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["dl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ec"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["el"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["eśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["gl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego" }, ["ic"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["iol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["is"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["nc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["os"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["pl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["uc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["us"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["wol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["yc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ys"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęs"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["żl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gol"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "e", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["h"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["m"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ol"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["p"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["s"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["z"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "a", "y" }, gen_s = "y", ins_s = "ą", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["arz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["asz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["aż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["brz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["drz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["eż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["irz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["on"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["oż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ron"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["soł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["tcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["urz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["uż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ydz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["yż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["łon"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["żcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["aak"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["dot"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eg"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ew"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["ier"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["jan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["las"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lf"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ros"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ses"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["st"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["tan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["van"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wer"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["weł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" } }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["yp"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zor"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąd"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["at"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "onowi", depr_p = "ony", gen_p = "onów", gen_s = "ona", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "onem", loc_p = "onach", loc_s = "onie", nom_p = "onowie", voc_s = { "o", "onie" } }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "o", ins_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { depr_p = { "a", "o" }, loc_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" }, voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rr"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "y'emu" }, depr_p = { "e", "y'e" }, gen_s = { "ego", "y'ego" }, nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { depr_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ai"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "owi" }, gen_s = { "a", "ego" } }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cu"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["dz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eau"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "e", { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { "u", { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["eu"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, nom_p = "" }, ["ez"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "y", { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gh"] = { depr_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = { "m", "om" }, dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "ch", "ów" }, gen_s = "", ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, ins_s = { "em", "m" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ch" }, loc_s = { "m", "u" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["iel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ieu"] = { loc_s = { "", "m" } }, ["ieł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ii"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = "" }, ["iz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["jc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["kój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oe"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "", ins_s = "", loc_s = "" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["que"] = { dat_p = "'om", gen_p = "'ów", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["reć"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "reduced" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "reduced" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "reduced" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "reduced" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, "owie" } }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "u", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, depr_p = { "", "y" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "a" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "owie" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ue"] = { dat_s = "'owi", gen_s = "'a", loc_s = "'u" }, ["ues"] = { dat_p = "'om", dat_s = "'owi", gen_p = "'ów", gen_s = "'a", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", loc_s = "'u", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["ugh"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["wec"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ąz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["x"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["gn"] = { depr_p = "e'e", loc_s = "e'u", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ion"] = { depr_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ow"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rt"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["c"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["czk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["dk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["f"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["g"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["hk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = { "i", "owie" } }, ["lk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["tk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["śk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["and"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["b"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "y" } }, ["ejn"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["ett"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["h"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["ied"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["jd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["mb"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ng"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "i", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["nt"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["od"] = { gen_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ott"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["p"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["rd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["rr"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["s"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "a" }, ["sc"] = { dat_p = "o", gen_p = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ss"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", ins_s = "em" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ud"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["w"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["yd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", "y" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "a", "y" }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" }, loc_s = { "u", "y" } }, ["zad"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["ł"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["łd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ńd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["aw"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["azn"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["azł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ern"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "virile" } } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_s = "iego", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["sn"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["st"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["sł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["th"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["tzk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["yt"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ér"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["ąc"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["źn"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["ac"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bel"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["del"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["e"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eet"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["lac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["niś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["oll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ont"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["paw"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["raś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["rp"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tat"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" } }, ["u"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["x"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["yś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ób"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { acc_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["o"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "a", dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'y" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "y" } }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["i"] = { voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ego", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-anml given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, }, }, ["m-anml proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ec"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, }, }, ["m-in common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["B"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["I"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["K"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["ML"] = { acc_s = { "", "-a" }, gen_p = { "-i", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-a", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["P"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["T"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["abl"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["ail"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "ów", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["ak"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["am"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["arc"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["bul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["car"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["cer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["dal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dź"] = { acc_s = { "", { "a", stem = "shortened", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["em"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["enc"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["eol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["eor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["eus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" } }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["fel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ger"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["gół"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["haj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["hel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["her"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["how"] = { gen_s = "" }, ["hyl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hór"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ial"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["iej"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iek"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ij"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["im"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ior"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["isz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["itr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["izd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iąc"] = { gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["iąk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["iść"] = { ins_p = "mi" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["jas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["jem"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["jm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kch"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["kej"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["ker"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kic"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["km"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["laż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ler"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["lol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["lus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląg"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląt"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["maj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["mal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["mol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["nar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["nch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["nek"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["nel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ner"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["neż"] = { gen_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["nol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["nor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nur"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nyp"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nóg"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" } }, ["nóż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["och"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ocz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["oik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["om"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ool"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["or"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["our"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["pal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["per"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["pol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["por"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["prz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ror"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rus"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["rąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["sal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ser"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sh"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["tal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["til"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["tyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["um"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["unk"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["urz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ycz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ym"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ysz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["zcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["zd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zeń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zub"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ząg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óż"] = { gen_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, { "ów", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ć"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ęs"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łat"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łup"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ńc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ść"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["żel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["życ"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["żyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "a", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'u", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'y" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e" }, ["g"] = { loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'e" }, ["hon"] = { acc_s = { "e", "e'a" } }, ["ir"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["l"] = { nom_p = "e'e" }, ["lag"] = { gen_p = { "e'y", "e'ów" } }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "e'u" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ban"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["bol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["dl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["el"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["gl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["ian"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["im"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ks"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nom"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ran"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["wl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["wol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ym"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ćm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["żl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["Kum"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ab"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["adz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["aj"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["an"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ask"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["aw"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["azd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["biń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["boń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ceń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["doń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["duń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dyń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["eb"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["eg"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["en"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ep"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ew"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["eść"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["goń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["hel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iw"] = { dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["kok"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["las"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["leń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["lk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["lm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ng"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nim"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ok"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ork"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["oł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ość"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["pas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rb"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rsz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ryń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["róz"] = { gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["s"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["taw"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ub"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ud"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ug"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["um"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["us"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["vik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened", note = "archaic" } }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, ["wil"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["zok"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zyż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ząb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ęk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęp"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["łak"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["łm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łom"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łub"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["śl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, acc_s = "e", dat_p = { "e", "e'om" }, dat_s = { "e", "e'owi" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "e", "e'ów" }, gen_s = { "e", "e'u" }, ins_p = { "e", "e'ami" }, ins_s = { "e", "e'em" }, loc_p = { "e", "e'ach" }, loc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["AT"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["J"] = { dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" } }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OT"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Ol"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = "-ecie", nom_p = { "-ety", "-y" } }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["el"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["iD"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-zie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["iK"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-iem", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-i" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kot"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "" }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["Ś"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, }, }, ["n common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n common pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["ekt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["it"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["nt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ust"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zwi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "ym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ani"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "mi", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ic"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["jc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sat"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ż"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, }, }, ["n common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ajk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach" }, ["jtk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "i", loc_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["unk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["om"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["on"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, }, }, ["n common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ema"] = { dat_p = "tom", gen_p = "tów", ins_p = "tami", loc_p = "tach", nom_p = "ta" }, ["lon"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["il"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "e" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["mil"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "iów", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach", nom_p = "ia" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["nal"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["nci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["si"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["wal"] = { dat_s = "u", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["woj"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["zc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["żci"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["a"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ł", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "le", note = "colloquial" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["al"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["at"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["atł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["cer"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["cz"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["dk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } } }, ["eg"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["end"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ent"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["est"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["eł"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["fot"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = "u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["int"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["jk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["li"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["mk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["nak"] = { dat_s = { "owi", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, nom_p = { "a", "i" } }, ["ng"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ol"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ors"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["pol"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["re"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["red"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["st"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["tk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["zz"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["n common sg ę"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ętom", dat_s = "ęciu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ąt", gen_s = "ęcia", ins_p = "ętami", ins_s = "ęciem", loc_p = "ętach", nom_p = "ęta" }, ["mi"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "eniu", gen_p = "on", gen_s = "enia", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "eniem", loc_p = "onach", nom_p = "ona" }, }, }, ["n place pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ot"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["yt"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["alc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["cel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eńc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["olc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["źc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ag"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["isk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lig"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ośk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ruk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sęk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ug"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zeg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["łak"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n place pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ach"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["doł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ep"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gon"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hab"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["id"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["is"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["kan"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["koł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ndr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ord"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["os"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ozd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rob"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["roz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tos"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["um"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["was"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zch"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zyb"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ąs"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ład"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łoz"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["łyn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["żn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nd"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n place sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "ch" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, }, }, ["n place sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["ad"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ag"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ajn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["amn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ew"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ewn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["iw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["izn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ong"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["osn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["sn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["tw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["udn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów", { "", stem = "lengthened" } } }, ["ówn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łot"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["śn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg um"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, acc_s = "um", dat_p = { "om", { "um", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = "um", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "um", gen_s = "um", ins_p = { "ami", { "um", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = "um", loc_p = { "ach", { "um", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = "um", nom_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "um" }, }, }, ["n proper pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "e", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "y", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["BS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["J"] = { acc_p = { "", "-oty" }, dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_s = { "", "-ocie" } }, ["L"] = { acc_p = { "", "-e" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["R"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["Z"] = { acc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, ["k"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { acc_p = { "", "y" }, dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" }, voc_p = { "", "y" }, voc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ś"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg e"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "a", voc_p = "a", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["n proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = "ego", ins_p = {}, ins_s = "ym", loc_p = {}, loc_s = "ym", nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Adjective rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of an adjective in table order: the singular by gender column (the masculine animate and inanimate share -- most of them), then the virile and non-virile plural. data.adjective_slots = { "nom_m", "nom_f", "nom_n", "nom_mp_pers", "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "gen_mn", "gen_f", "gen_p", "dat_mn", "dat_f", "dat_p", "acc_m_an", "acc_m_in", "acc_f", "acc_n", "acc_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers", "ins_mn", "ins_f", "ins_p", "loc_mn", "loc_f", "loc_p", "short", } -- The nominative endings of an adjective's lemma (its masculine singular), which pick its group in `adjective_groups`. data.adjective_nominatives = { "y", "i" } -- The kind of an adjective, for its title and category, given by the first pattern its lemma matches. data.adjective_kinds = { { "y$", "hard" }, { "[kg]i$", "velar" }, { "", "soft" } } -- How to find the masculine of an adjectival word given in another gender (''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → -- ''tani'', ''wielkie'' → ''wielki'', and likewise a non-virile plural such as ''Zjednoczone''). Take the first ending -- of its rule gender (`plural` for a plural) that it has, and replace it with the soft masculine ending if the ending -- is `soft` or the stem ends in a letter of `soft_after`, and with the hard one otherwise. data.adjective_lemma = { endings = { f = { { "ia", soft = true }, { "a" } }, n = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, plural = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, }, soft = "i", hard = "y", soft_after = { k = true, g = true }, } -- The endings that follow the softened consonant of a virile nominative plural (''krew|ni'', ''pols|c|y''), used to -- find the masculine of a virile adjectival word. data.virile_endings = { "", "y" } -- The noun slot that each adjective slot of an adjectival word fills, by the rule gender of the noun. `plural` is the -- plural of every rule gender except `m-pr`, whose plural is in its own entry. The vocative is the nominative. data.adjectival_slots = { ["m-pr"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", nom_p = "nom_mp_pers", acc_p = "acc_mp_pers", voc_p = "nom_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", }, ["m-anml"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, ["m-in"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_in", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, f = { nom_s = "nom_f", gen_s = "gen_f", dat_s = "dat_f", acc_s = "acc_f", ins_s = "ins_f", loc_s = "loc_f", voc_s = "nom_f", }, n = { nom_s = "nom_n", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_n", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_n", }, plural = { nom_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", acc_p = "acc_p_not_mp_pers", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", voc_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", }, } -- The adjective slots that always have the forms of another slot, by source slot: the dative, instrumental and -- locative feminine singular come from the genitive and accusative, the locative masculine singular from the -- instrumental, and the locative plural from the genitive. data.adjective_shared = { gen_f = { "dat_f", "loc_f" }, acc_f = { "ins_f" }, ins_mn = { "loc_mn" }, gen_p = { "loc_p" }, } -- The accusatives an adjective takes from other slots, as pairs of source and accusative. data.adjective_accusatives = { { "nom_n", "acc_n" }, { "gen_mn", "acc_m_an" }, { "nom_m", "acc_m_in" }, { "gen_p", "acc_mp_pers" }, { "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers" }, { "nom_mp_npers", "acc_mp_npers" }, { "nom_fp", "acc_fp" }, { "nom_np", "acc_np" }, } -- The last letter of an adjective stem that drops before an ending starting with the given letter (e.g. ''moj-'' + -- ''-ich'' → ''moich''). data.adjective_dropped = { j = "i" } -- The archaic dative added by `archdat` (''polsku''): its ending, added to the adjective's stem, and its footnote (a -- key of `notes`). data.archaic_dative = { "u", note = "archaic" } --[==[ The irregular adjectives of `<irreg>`, tried on the lemma in order. `pattern` captures the stem (or `stem` gives it), and each of the `sets` adds forms to the stem (plus `add`), with an optional footnote. A set's `endings` give the slots in which a regular adjective has its own forms; the other slots are shared as for every adjective (the dative, instrumental and locative feminine singular are the genitive, accusative and genitive; the locative masculine singular is the instrumental; and the locative plural is the genitive). `-` as an ending means the lemma itself. A set's `own` endings fill a slot without that sharing. `table` names a table with slots of its own (`dwa` for the plural of ''dwa'' and ''oba'', and `plonly` for the plural only). ]==] local function normal(nom_f, nom_n, nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn, gen_f, gen_p, dat_mn, dat_p, acc_f, ins_mn, ins_p) return { nom_f = nom_f, nom_n = nom_n, nom_mp_pers = nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers = nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn = gen_mn, gen_f = gen_f, gen_p = gen_p, dat_mn = dat_mn, dat_p = dat_p, acc_f = acc_f, ins_mn = ins_mn, ins_p = ins_p, } end local DWA = { table = "dwa", sets = { { own = { nom_mp_pers = "aj", nom_mp_npers = "a", nom_fp = "ie", nom_np = "a", gen_p = { "u", "óch" }, dat_p = { "u", "om", "óm" }, ins_mnp = { "oma", "u" }, ins_fp = { "iema", "oma", "u" }, loc_p = { "u", "óch" }, }, } }, } data.irregular_adjectives = { { pattern = "^(dw)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(ob)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(.*[st]w)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*m)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*)ten$", sets = { { endings = normal("ta", "to", "ci", "te", "tego", "tej", "tych", "temu", "tym", nil, "tym", "tymi") }, { own = { acc_f = "tę" } }, { own = { acc_f = "tą" }, note = "proscribed but much more common" }, { own = { ins_f = "tą" } }, } }, -- ''tenże'' declines like ''ten'', with ''-ż'' after a vowel and ''-że'' after a consonant. { pattern = "^(.*)tenże$", sets = { { endings = normal("taż", "toż", "ciż", "też", "tegoż", "tejże", "tychże", "temuż", "tymże", nil, "tymże", "tymiż") }, { own = { acc_f = { "tęż", "tęże", "tąż", "tąże" }, ins_f = { "tąż", "tąże" } } }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*czyj)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*sam)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*jed)en$", sets = { { add = "n", endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(on)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^ów$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^owy$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*il)e$", table = "plonly", sets = { { endings = normal(nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, nil, "u", nil, "u", nil, nil, "u") }, { own = { ins_p = "oma" }, note = "rare" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*wszys)tek$", sets = { { add = "tk", endings = normal("a", "o", nil, "ie", "iego", "iej", "ich", "iemu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi"), archaic_dative = "u" }, { add = "c", own = { nom_mp_pers = "y" } }, } }, } --[==[ The adjective groups, keyed `adj common sg NOMINATIVE` (the lemma's ending, `y` or `i`) like the noun groups. ]==] data.adjective_groups = { ["adj common sg "] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_f = "ą", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["."] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["a"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ad"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {}, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["asz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["d"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "" }, ["e"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["en"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "reduced" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "reduced" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ych", stem = "reduced" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, ins_mn = { "ym", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ymi", stem = "reduced" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ent"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "shortened" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "shortened" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "shortened" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["n"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nd"] = { nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["nt"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {} }, ["o"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["om"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ron"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["rt"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["w"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yj"] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", ins_f = "ą", nom_f = "a", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["é"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ż"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, }, }, ["adj common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "iemu", gen_f = "iej", gen_mn = "iego", gen_p = "ich", ins_mn = "im", ins_p = "imi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "ie", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ie" }, ["b"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { acc_f = "ią", nom_f = "ia", nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["i"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["ks"] = { acc_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["w"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["y"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["z"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["adj common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["c"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["h"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ron"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["soł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["won"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łon"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ż"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, } return data ppcl4untjilw0mlfan0bjzhpgkcro4a 2573588 2573586 2026-10-26T08:21:07Z Hiyuune 50834 2573588 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ Polish data for [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]: the declension rules, the stem alternations they use, the irregular words, the footnotes, and the indicators of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|pl-adecl}}. TERMINOLOGY: * "stem" = The lemma minus its nominative ending, e.g. ''kobiet-'' from ''kobieta'' and ''okn-'' from ''okno''. A masculine noun ending in a consonant is its own stem (''pies''). * "group" = The nouns that share one set of rules, i.e. those with the same gender (`m-pr` masculine personal, `m-anml` masculine animal, `m-in` masculine inanimate, `f`, `n`), kind (common nouns, surnames, given names, place names and other names) and nominative ending (`""` for a consonant, `a`, `o`, `e`, `ę`, `um`, `i`). Pluralia tantum have groups of their own, by the ending of their nominative plural. * "rule" = The forms of one slot for the nouns of a group whose stem ends in particular letters. The rule for the longest such ending applies, and `""` holds the group's default. A form is an ending added either to the stem or to the stem changed by an alternation (e.g. with `stem = "palatal"`, ''kobiet-'' becomes ''kobieci-'' before ''-e''). * "copy" = A slot whose forms are always those of another slot in its group, e.g. the accusative singular of a personal noun is its genitive. ]==] local data = {} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Alternations -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The vowels, used by the rules that look for the last syllable of a stem. data.vowels = "aąeęioóuy" --[==[ The alternations a rule can ask for (`stem = "..."`). Several are joined with "+", in this order: * `reduced`: drop the mobile ''e'' of the stem's last syllable (''pies'' → ''ps-'', ''sweter'' → ''swetr-''). * `inserted_e`, `inserted_ie`: put in ''e'' or ''ie'' before the last consonant (''matk-'' → ''matek'', ''okn-'' → ''okien''). * `truncated`: drop the end of the stem given by `truncate` (''Amerykanin'' → ''Amerykan-'', ''Amerykanie''). * `spelled`: write the end of the stem as `spelled` gives it before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiks-''). * `shortened`: change ''ó'' to ''o'' and ''ą'' to ''ę'' in the last syllable (''stół'' → ''stoł-'', ''ząb'' → ''zęb-''). * `lengthened`: change ''o'' to ''ó'' and ''ę'' to ''ą'' in the last syllable (''drog-'' → ''dróg'', ''ręk-'' → ''rąk''). * `fronted`: change ''o'' or ''a'' to ''e'' in the last syllable (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi''). * `soft`, `palatal`, `virile`: change the last consonant (or two) using one of the tables below. ]==] -- How `shortened` (''stół'' → ''stołu''), `lengthened` (''droga'' → ''dróg'') and `fronted` (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', -- ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi'') change the vowel of a stem's last syllable. data.shorten = { ["ó"] = "o", ["ą"] = "ę" } data.lengthen = { ["o"] = "ó", ["ę"] = "ą" } data.front = { ["o"] = "e", ["a"] = "e" } -- How `truncated` cuts a stem (the plural of the nouns in ''-anin'' has no ''-in'': ''mieszczanin'' → ''mieszczanie'', -- ''mieszczan'') and how `spelled` writes one before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiksu'', ''appendiksie''). data.truncate = { nin = "n" } data.spelled = { x = "ks" } -- How a soft consonant at the end of a stem is written before a vowel, e.g. ''koń'' → ''konia''. data.soft = { ["dź"] = "dzi", ["ć"] = "ci", ["ń"] = "ni", ["ś"] = "si", ["ź"] = "zi" } -- The reverse: how a stem's soft consonant spelled with ''i'' is written at the end of a word with no ending, e.g. -- ''danie'' → ''dań''. The module also uses `soft` to respell a final soft consonant before a vowel, as Polish -- spelling always does (''niedźwiedź'' + ''-a'' → ''niedźwiedzia''), so a rule's ending doesn't need `soft` for that. data.final_soft = { ["dzi"] = "dź", ["ci"] = "ć", ["ni"] = "ń", ["si"] = "ś", ["zi"] = "ź" } -- The consonants that stay soft when a mobile ''ie'' before them drops, e.g. ''goniec'' → ''gońca'', ''wrzesień'' → -- ''września''. Before the other consonants, the ''i'' only marked their softness and goes with it (''pies'' → -- ''psa'', ''łokieć'' → ''łokcia''). data.reduced_soft = { n = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", c = "ć", dz = "dź" } -- The first palatalization, before ''-e'' (in the locative singular and the feminine dative singular). data.palatal = { -- After ''c'', ''r'' and ''s'', the ''z'' of ''-zn-'' and ''-zł-'' is part of a digraph and doesn't soften -- (''logiczny'' → ''logiczni'', ''Leszno'' → ''Lesznie'', ''zeszły'' → ''zeszli'', but ''żelazny'' → ''żelaźni''). ["czn"] = "czni", ["rzn"] = "rzni", ["szn"] = "szni", ["czł"] = "czl", ["rzł"] = "rzl", ["szł"] = "szl", ["st"] = "ści", ["zd"] = "ździ", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", ["sn"] = "śni", ["zn"] = "źni", ["sm"] = "śmi", ["zm"] = "źmi", ["ch"] = "sz", ["p"] = "pi", ["b"] = "bi", ["f"] = "fi", ["w"] = "wi", ["v"] = "vi", ["m"] = "mi", ["n"] = "ni", ["s"] = "si", ["z"] = "zi", ["t"] = "ci", ["d"] = "dzi", ["r"] = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["h"] = "ż", } -- The tooltip over the row header of each case, giving its Polish name and questions. data.case_titles = { nom = "mianownik (kto? co?)", gen = "dopełniacz (kogo? czego?)", dat = "celownik (komu? czemu?)", acc = "biernik (kogo? co?)", ins = "narzędnik (kim? czym?)", loc = "miejscownik (o kim? o czym?)", voc = "wołacz (o!)", } -- The nominative endings split off a lemma to get its stem, by gender (and `plural` for a plurale tantum), tried in -- order. For example, ''kobieta'' is ''kobiet-'' plus ''-a'', a masculine in ''-y'' or ''-i'' is an adjectival noun -- (''Kowalski''), and one in ''-e'' declines as an adjective in the singular (''Bethke'', ''Bethkego'', ''Bethkowie''). -- A lemma with none of them is its own stem (''pies''). data.nominative_endings = { m = { "a", "o", "y", "i", "e" }, f = { "a", "i" }, n = { "um", "o", "e", "ę" }, plural = { "i", "y", "e", "a" }, } -- The endings of `nominative_endings` that are only a nominative after a consonant, by gender. After a vowel they belong -- to the stem (''playboy'', ''playboya''; ''Halley'', ''Halleya''). data.nominative_after_consonant = { m = { y = true, i = true, e = true } } -- The mobile vowels that `reduced` drops, tried in order: ''ie'' after a consonant, which stays soft according to -- `soften` (''goniec'' → ''gońc-''), and ''e'' (''pies'' → ''ps-''). data.mobile_vowels = { { "ie", after_consonant = true, soften = "reduced_soft" }, { "e" }, } -- The mobile vowel that `*` puts into a bare form: ''ie'' after the letters in `after` (''okno'' → ''okien'', ''igła'' -- → ''igieł''), and otherwise `default` (''matka'' → ''matek''). data.inserted_vowel = { default = "e", after = { k = "ie", g = "ie" } } -- The vowel that spells a soft consonant before another vowel (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). An ending drops its first -- vowel after it if that vowel is one of `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), and also after a -- softening of the stem that ends in it (''Herod'' + virile ''-y'' → ''Herodzi'', ''Twardy'' + ''-i'' → ''Twardzi''). data.soft_vowel = "i" data.soft_vowel_absorbs = { "i", "y" } -- The vowel never written after the soft vowel. After a stem's own ''i'', it is dropped if the ''i'' spells a soft -- consonant (the stem ends in a key of `final_soft`: ''niunia'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the soft vowel if -- the ''i'' is a vowel (''Ilia'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). data.hard_vowel = "y" -- The digraphs a stem can end in, which count as one consonant (for the stem type in the categories, and for Standard -- Kurpie). data.digraphs = { ch = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dź"] = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true } -- The softening in the masculine personal nominative plural (''student'' → ''studenci'', ''Polak'' → ''Polacy''). data.virile = { ["st"] = "ści", ["ch"] = "s", ["t"] = "c", ["d"] = "dz", ["r"] = "rz", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["ł"] = "l", ["sz"] = "s", ["s"] = "s", ["z"] = "z", ["n"] = "n", ["p"] = "p", ["b"] = "b", ["m"] = "m", ["w"] = "w", ["f"] = "f", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Notes -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The footnotes a rule or an override can give a form, by key: `note = "dated"` in a rule, or `[dated]` in a spec. data.notes = { archaic = "cổ xưa", colloquial = "thông tục", dated = "lỗi thời", deprecative = "không còn dùng", dialectal = "phương ngữ", humorous = "từ hài hước", literary = "ngôn ngữ văn chương", obsolete = "không còn dùng", pejorative = "nghĩa xấu", proscribed = "bị phản đối", rare = "hiếm", regional = "từ địa phương", vulgar = "thô tục", -- Notes for the forms of a pronoun that are only clitics (''go'', ''mi'') or only follow a preposition (''niego''). unstressed = "không nhấn trọng âm", after_preposition = "sau giới từ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Indicators -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The indicators of each template, by name. Indicators with the same `group` exclude each other, and the group names what they set (read with `Spec:group`). `sets` is the value the indicator gives its group if that isn't its own name, and `value` means it takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń`). ]==] data.indicators = { noun = { m = { group = "gender" }, f = { group = "gender" }, n = { group = "gender" }, pr = { group = "animacy" }, anml = { group = "animacy" }, inan = { group = "animacy" }, sg = { group = "number" }, pl = { group = "number" }, ["*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["-*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["#"] = { group = "quantity" }, ["-#"] = { group = "quantity" }, surname = { group = "kind" }, given = { group = "kind" }, place = { group = "kind" }, proper = { group = "kind" }, irreg = { group = "type" }, indecl = { group = "type" }, ["!"] = { group = "type" }, ["+"] = { group = "type" }, pron = { group = "type" }, num = { group = "type" }, decllemma = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, r = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, soft = {}, }, adjective = { irreg = {}, plonly = {}, archdat = {}, decllemma = { value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, num = {}, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, pos = { value = "part of speech" }, }, } -- The parts of speech an adjective table can be categorized under (given with `pos:` on one of its words, with -- `adjective` as the default), along with the plural its categories use ("Polish hard pronouns"). data.parts_of_speech = { adjective = "tính từ", pronoun = "đại từ", determiner = "từ hạn định", numeral = "số từ", suffix = "hậu tố", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lects -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The lects that have a table of their own (`lect:CODE`), by their code in [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. An "attested" table lists the forms given and nothing else (`respelling` gives the link target of each form), and a "paradigm" generates the forms from the `rules` named. The forms of any other lect go in the `dialectal` table, each tagged with its lect. The names of the lects are read from [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. ]==] data.lect_tables = { -- The Middle Polish forms link to their modern spelling, using `middle_polish_respelling`. mpl = { table = "attested", respelling = "middle_polish_respelling" }, -- The Standard Kurpie forms are generated from `kurpie`. skur = { table = "paradigm", rules = "kurpie" }, } -- The data module of the lects, with their codes, names and aliases. data.lect_module = "Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl" -- The start of the title of a lect's table (or of the dialectal table), before its head. data.lect_titles = { mpl = "Dạng biến thể hình thái chứng thực tiếng Ba Lan trung đại của ", skur = "Biến cách phương ngữ Kurpie tiêu chuẩn của ", dialectal = "Dạng biến thể hình thái chứng thực theo phương ngữ của ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Categories -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The categories of a table of the standard language, each after the language's name ("Polish singularia tantum"). A noun table of one word is categorized by its stem type and gender (`stem`, e.g. "velar feminine nouns"), by what its forms show (`reducible` for a mobile ''e'', `quantitative` for ''ó''/''o'' or ''ą''/''ę''), and by its type (`irregular`, `adjectival`, `indeclinable`). A phrase, a pronoun or a numeral is only categorized by its number. An adjective table is categorized by its kind and part of speech (`adjective_kind`, e.g. "hard adjectives" or "soft pronouns"), and by any short forms and irregular stem. ]==] data.categories = { singularia_tantum = "chỉ có số ít", pluralia_tantum = "chỉ có số nhiều", stem = "Danh từ %s %s", reducible = "Danh từ với thân từ rút gọn", quantitative = "nouns with quantitative vowel alternation", irregular = "Danh từ bất quy tắc", adjectival = "Danh tính từ", indeclinable = "Danh từ không biến cách", adjective_kind = "%s %s", short_forms = "%s với dạng ngắn", irregular_stem = "%s với thân từ bất quy tắc", } -- The gender of a noun as its stem category names it, by gender and (for masculines) animacy. data.category_genders = { m = { pr = "giống đực nhân xưng", anml = "giống đực hữu sinh", inan = "giống đực vô sinh" }, f = "giống cái", n = "giống trung", } -- The stem type of a noun by the last consonant of its stem: velar, soft (including the functionally soft ''c'', -- ''cz'', ''dz'', ''dż'', ''rz'', ''sz'' and ''ż''), or otherwise hard. data.stem_types = { velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true, i = true, c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true, }, } -- The Middle Polish letters that are respelled in the link target of a form (''ptåka'' links to [[ptaka]]). The form -- itself is shown as written. data.middle_polish_respelling = { ["å"] = "a", ["á"] = "a", ["é"] = "e", ["Å"] = "A", ["Á"] = "A", ["É"] = "E", } --[==[ The Standard Kurpie paradigm (`lect:skur`) * `palatal`: what the last consonant (or cluster) of a stem becomes before an ending with `stem = "palatal"`. An ''s'' or ''z'' before a softened consonant is softened too (''masło'' → ''maśle'', ''źosna'' → ''źośńe''), but not the ''z'' of ''rz''. The velars only change before the ''-e'' of a feminine; a masculine or neuter velar takes ''-u''. * `hardened`: the consonants after which an ending's ''ï'' is written ''y'' (''ulicy'', ''nocy''). * `soft` and `velar`: the last consonants that make a stem soft or velar, which decide the type of a lemma. * `mazurated`: the last consonants that can come from mazuration (''s'', ''z'', ''c'', ''dz'' for ''sz'', ''ż'', ''cz'', ''dż''). The indicator `soft` makes such a stem soft, as in ''lystonos'' (< ''listonosz''), whose spelling doesn't show it; ''sołtys'' stays hard. * `nouns[GENDER][TYPE]`: the ending of each slot, as in `noun_groups` (a string, or `{ ending, stem = "palatal" }`). The type comes from the lemma; see `paradigm_type` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]. * `copies[GENDER]` and `animate_copies[ANIMACY]`: the slots that take the forms of another slot. * `clear`, `clear_before_nasal` and `nasals`: the alternation of `#`, by which the slanted vowel of the last syllable of a consonant-final lemma is clear before an ending (''kśądz'', ''kśę̈dza''). Before one of the `nasals`, where ''o'' is always written ''ó'', the slanted ''ó'' alternates with ''a''. * `adjective`: the endings of the single adjective declension, by slot of `adjective_slots`, added to the lemma minus its last letter. ]==] data.kurpie = { palatal = { ["rzn"] = "rzń", ["rzł"] = "rzl", st = "ść", zd = "źdź", sn = "śń", zn = "źń", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", sm = "śń", zm = "źń", b = "bź", p = "pś", f = "ś", w = "ź", m = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", t = "ć", d = "dź", n = "ń", r = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ch = "s", k = "c", g = "dz", }, hardened = { c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true }, -- The type of a lemma, by gender. Take the first entry whose ending the lemma has (`""` for none; with -- `consonant_final`, only if it doesn't end in one of the `vowels`). The type is that of the first class in the -- entry's `by_final` that has the last consonant of the stem, and otherwise `default`; it is a type of the gender -- `declension` if the entry gives one. With the indicator `soft`, it is the entry's `soft`. types = { f = { { ending = "a", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, -- After a soft consonant, the ending is written ''-å'' (''sukńå''). { ending = "å", default = "soft" }, { ending = "", by_final = { { "soft", "soft_consonant" } }, default = "hard_consonant" }, }, n = { { ending = "um", default = "latinate" }, -- A final ''ę'' is written ''ë'' (''wyńë''). { ending = "ë", default = "nasal" }, -- A soft stem in ''-o'' is a j-stem (''jajo''). { ending = "o", by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "hardened", "hardened" }, { "soft", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "e", by_final = { { "hardened", "hardened" } }, default = "soft" }, }, m = { { ending = "", consonant_final = true, by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard", soft = "soft" }, -- An animate masculine in ''-a'' or ''-å'' (''starosta'', ''sę̈dźå'') declines as a feminine, with the -- accusative plural of its animacy. { ending = "a", declension = "f", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "å", declension = "f", default = "soft" }, }, }, -- The nominative plural endings a plurale tantum can have, tried in order (''Ńëmcy''). plural_nominatives = { "y", "ï", "e", "a" }, vowels = "aąeęioóuyåéëï", -- A personal or animal velar has a type of its own, with the genitive and accusative in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_types = { velar = "animate_velar" }, -- How the first letter of an ending is written after a hardened consonant (''ï'' as ''y''). hardened_spelling = { ["ï"] = "y" }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true }, velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, mazurated = { s = true, z = true, c = true, dz = true }, -- The consonants after which an adjective has ''-ï'' for ''-y'' (''głupśï''). adjective_soft = { ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["ć"] = true, ["dź"] = true, ["ń"] = true, j = true }, clear = { ["ó"] = "o", ["é"] = "e", ["å"] = "a", ["ą"] = "ę̈" }, clear_before_nasal = { ["ó"] = "a" }, nasals = { m = true, n = true, ["ń"] = true }, nouns = { m = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "u", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, -- A personal or animal velar takes the genitive (and accusative) in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, }, f = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, hard_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "y", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "y", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "y", }, soft_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "ï", }, }, n = { hard = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "å", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "u", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, hardened = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, nasal = { nom_p = "óna", gen_s = "ëńå", gen_p = "ónów", dat_s = "ëńu", dat_p = "ónóm", ins_s = "ëńëm", ins_p = "ónańï", loc_s = "ëńu", loc_p = "ónach", }, latinate = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "um", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "um", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "um", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", }, }, }, copies = { m = { voc_s = "loc_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, f = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, n = { acc_s = "nom_s", voc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, }, animate_copies = { pr = { acc_p = "gen_p" }, anml = { acc_p = "nom_p" }, inan = { acc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p" }, }, -- The other slots are shared as in the standard tables (e.g. the dative and locative feminine come from the -- genitive), and the plural has one nominative for both genders. adjective = { nom_n = "e", nom_f = "å", nom_mp_pers = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e", gen_mn = "égo", gen_f = "éj", gen_p = "éch", dat_mn = "ëmu", dat_p = "ëm", acc_f = "ó", ins_mn = "ëm", ins_p = "ëńï", }, } -- The rule gender of each gender and animacy of a call. data.rule_gender = { m = { pr = "m-pr", anml = "m-anml", inan = "m-in" }, f = "f", n = "n", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lexicon -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of a noun in the order the lexicon lists them in. data.slot_order = { "nom_s", "gen_s", "dat_s", "acc_s", "ins_s", "loc_s", "voc_s", "nom_p", "gen_p", "dat_p", "acc_p", "ins_p", "loc_p", "voc_p", } -- The irregular nouns of `<irreg>`, by lemma, with their gender and animacy and every form, in `slot_order`. data.irregular_nouns = { ["brat"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "brat", "brata", "bratu", "brata", "bratem", "bracie", "bracie", "bracia", "braci", "braciom", "braci", "braćmi", "braciach", "bracia", }, ["dziecko"] = { gender = "n", "dziecko", "dziecka", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieckiem", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieci", "dzieci", "dzieciom", "dzieci", "dziećmi", "dzieciach", "dzieci", }, ["ksiądz"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "ksiądz", "księdza", "księdzu", "księdza", "księdzem", "księdzu", "księże", "księża", "księży", "księżom", "księży", "księżmi", "księżach", "księża", }, ["książę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "książę", "księcia", "księciu", "księcia", "księciem", "księciu", "książę", "książęta", "książąt", "książętom", "książąt", "książętami", "książętach", "książęta", }, ["rok"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "inan", "rok", "roku", "rokowi", "rok", "rokiem", "roku", "roku", "lata", "lat", "latom", "lata", "latami", "latach", "lata", }, ["arcyksiążę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciem", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksiążęta", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętom", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętami", "arcyksiążętach", "arcyksiążęta", }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Pronouns, numerals and noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The pronouns of `<pron>`, by lemma, with the numbers of the table (`numberless` for ''siebie'') and the forms of each slot, each a string or `{ form, notes = { KEY... } }` with keys of `notes`. A pronoun made of one of these plus an ending in `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. ''cośkolwiek'') declines like the pronoun, with the ending after every form. ]==] data.pronouns = { ["co"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "co" }, gen_s = { "czego", { "co", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemu" }, acc_s = { "co" }, ins_s = { "czym" }, loc_s = { "czym" }, }, ["cokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "czegokolwiek", { "cokolwiek", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "cokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, }, ["coś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "coś" }, gen_s = { "czegoś", { "coś", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuś" }, acc_s = { "coś" }, ins_s = { "czymś" }, loc_s = { "czymś" }, }, ["cóż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cóż" }, gen_s = { "czegoż", "czegóż", { "cóż", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuż" }, acc_s = { "cóż" }, ins_s = { "czymże" }, loc_s = { "czymże" }, }, ["ja"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ja" }, gen_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "mnie", { "mi", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, ins_s = { "mną" }, loc_s = { "mnie" }, }, ["kto"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "kto" }, gen_s = { "kogo" }, dat_s = { "komu" }, acc_s = { "kogo" }, ins_s = { "kim" }, loc_s = { "kim" }, }, ["ktokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, dat_s = { "komukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, }, ["ktoś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktoś" }, gen_s = { "kogoś" }, dat_s = { "komuś" }, acc_s = { "kogoś" }, ins_s = { "kimś" }, loc_s = { "kimś" }, }, ["któż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "któż" }, gen_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, dat_s = { "komuż" }, acc_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, ins_s = { "kimże" }, loc_s = { "kimże" }, }, ["my"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "my" }, gen_p = { "nas" }, dat_p = { "nam" }, acc_p = { "nas" }, ins_p = { "nami" }, loc_p = { "nas" }, voc_p = { "my" }, }, ["nic"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nic" }, gen_s = { "nic", "niczego" }, dat_s = { "niczemu" }, acc_s = { "nic" }, ins_s = { "niczym" }, loc_s = { "niczym" }, }, ["nikt"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nikt" }, gen_s = { "nikogo" }, dat_s = { "nikomu" }, acc_s = { "nikogo" }, ins_s = { "nikim" }, loc_s = { "nikim" }, }, ["on"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "on" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["ona"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ona" }, gen_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "ją", { "nią", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nią" }, loc_s = { "niej" }, }, ["one"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "one" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["oni"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "oni" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["ono"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ono" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["siebie"] = { numbers = { "s" }, numberless = true, gen_s = { "siebie", "się" }, dat_s = { "sobie", "se" }, acc_s = { "siebie", "się" }, ins_s = { "sobą" }, loc_s = { "sobie", "se" }, }, ["ty"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ty" }, gen_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, dat_s = { "tobie", { "ci", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, ins_s = { "tobą" }, loc_s = { "tobie" }, voc_s = { "ty", { "te", notes = { "proscribed", "colloquial" } } }, }, ["wszystko"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "wszystko" }, gen_s = { "wszystkiego" }, dat_s = { "wszystkiemu" }, acc_s = { "wszystko" }, ins_s = { "wszystkim" }, loc_s = { "wszystkim" }, }, ["wy"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "wy" }, gen_p = { "was" }, dat_p = { "wam" }, acc_p = { "was" }, ins_p = { "wami" }, loc_p = { "was" }, voc_p = { "wy" }, }, } data.pronoun_suffixes = { "śkolwiek", "kolwiek", "ś" } --[==[ The numerals of `<num>`, by the end of their lemma (the longest one a lemma ends in applies). `numeral_rules` has the cardinals of {{tl|pl-adecl}} (''pięć'', ''trzy'', ''-naście'', ''-set''), with a virile and a non-virile column in the slots of `adjective_slots`, and `collective_rules` has the collectives of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} (''pięcioro'', ''dwoje''), in the plural slots of a noun. Each slot has the endings that follow the lemma minus its key, as in `noun_groups`, and the comment on each rule names the numerals it was made from. ]==] data.numeral_rules = { ["a"] = { -- kilka nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "a", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "a", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["adziesiąt"] = { -- kilkadziesiąt nom_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", gen_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięcioma", "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, }, ["adzieścia"] = { -- dwadzieścia nom_mp_pers = "udziestu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", gen_p = "udziestu", dat_p = "udziestu", acc_mp_pers = "udziestu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", ins_p = { "udziestoma", "udziestu" }, loc_p = "udziestu", }, ["akroć"] = { -- dwakroć nom_mp_pers = "ukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", gen_p = "ukroć", dat_p = "ukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", ins_p = { "ukroć", { "omakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukroć", }, ["anaście"] = { -- dwanaście, kilkanaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["aset"] = { -- kilkaset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["edziesiąt"] = { -- wieledziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ekolwiek"] = { -- ilekolwiek nom_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", gen_p = "ukolwiek", dat_p = "ukolwiek", acc_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", ins_p = { "ukolwiek", { "omakolwiek", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukolwiek", }, ["ele"] = { -- niewiele, wiele nom_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", gen_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", ins_p = { "eloma", "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" }, { "elą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, }, ["em"] = { -- siedem nom_mp_pers = "miu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miu", dat_p = "miu", acc_mp_pers = "miu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "mioma", "miu" }, loc_p = "miu", }, ["emkroć"] = { -- siedemkroć nom_mp_pers = "miukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", gen_p = "miukroć", dat_p = "miukroć", acc_mp_pers = "miukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", ins_p = { "miukroć", { "miomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miukroć", }, ["emset"] = { -- siedemset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["eset"] = { -- wieleset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["eś"] = { -- ileś nom_mp_pers = "uś", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", gen_p = "uś", dat_p = "uś", acc_mp_pers = "uś", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", ins_p = { "uś", { "omaś", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uś", }, ["eż"] = { -- ileż, tyleż, wieleż nom_mp_pers = "uż", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", gen_p = "uż", dat_p = "uż", acc_mp_pers = "uż", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", ins_p = { "uż", { "omaż", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uż", }, ["ieście"] = { -- dwieście nom_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", gen_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = "ustu", acc_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", ins_p = { "ustu", { "omaset", note = "rare" }, { "ustoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ile"] = { -- ile nom_mp_pers = "ilu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", gen_p = "ilu", dat_p = "ilu", acc_mp_pers = "ilu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", ins_p = { "iloma", "ilu" }, loc_p = "ilu", }, ["mset"] = { -- siedmset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["o"] = { -- sto nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "o", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "o", ins_p = { "u", { "oma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "u", }, ["siem"] = { -- osiem nom_mp_pers = "śmiu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiu", dat_p = "śmiu", acc_mp_pers = "śmiu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmioma", "śmiu" }, loc_p = "śmiu", }, ["siemkroć"] = { -- osiemkroć nom_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", gen_p = "śmiukroć", dat_p = "śmiukroć", acc_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", ins_p = { "śmiukroć", { "śmiomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiukroć", }, ["siemset"] = { -- osiemset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, ["y"] = { -- cztery, trzy nom_mp_pers = { "ech", "ej" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "y", gen_p = "ech", dat_p = "em", acc_mp_pers = "ech", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "y", ins_p = "ema", loc_p = "ech", }, ["ykroć"] = { -- trzykroć nom_mp_pers = "echkroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", gen_p = "echkroć", dat_p = "echkroć", acc_mp_pers = "echkroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", ins_p = { "echkroć", { "emakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "echkroć", }, ["yle"] = { -- tyle nom_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", gen_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", ins_p = { "yloma", "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" }, { "ylą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ysta"] = { -- czterysta, trzysta nom_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", gen_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, dat_p = "ystu", acc_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", ins_p = { "ystu", { "ystoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, }, ["ąt"] = { -- dziewięćdziesiąt, osiemdziesiąt, ośmdziesiąt, pięćdziesiąt, siedemdziesiąt, siedmdziesiąt, sześćdziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "ęciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", gen_p = "ęciu", dat_p = "ęciu", acc_mp_pers = "ęciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", ins_p = { "ęcioma", "ęciu" }, loc_p = "ęciu", }, ["ć"] = { -- dziesięć, dziewięć, pięć, sześć nom_mp_pers = "ciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", gen_p = "ciu", dat_p = "ciu", acc_mp_pers = "ciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", ins_p = { "cioma", "ciu" }, loc_p = "ciu", }, ["ćkroć"] = { -- pięćkroć nom_mp_pers = "ciukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", gen_p = "ciukroć", dat_p = "ciukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ciukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", ins_p = { "ciukroć", { "ciomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciukroć", }, ["ćset"] = { -- dziewięćset, pięćset, sześćset nom_mp_pers = "ciuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", gen_p = "ciuset", dat_p = "ciuset", acc_mp_pers = "ciuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", ins_p = { "ciuset", { "ciomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciuset", }, ["ę"] = { -- parę nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["ędziesiąt"] = { -- parędziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ęnaście"] = { -- paręnaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["ęset"] = { -- paręset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["ści"] = { -- czterdzieści, trzydzieści nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["ście"] = { -- czternaście, dziewiętnaście, jedenaście, naście, osiemnaście, ośmnaście, piętnaście, siedemnaście, siedmnaście, szesnaście, trzynaście nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["śmset"] = { -- ośmset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, } data.collective_rules = { ["e"] = { -- dwoje, oboje, obydwoje, obydwoje, troje nom_p = "e", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "e", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "e", }, ["o"] = { -- czterdzieścioro, czternaścioro, czworo, dwadzieścioro, dwanaścioro, dziesięcioro, dziewiętnaścioro, dziewięcioro, dziewięćdziesięcioro, jedenaścioro, kilkoro, kilkadziesięcioro, kilkanaścioro, naścioro, ośmioro, osiemdziesięcioro, osiemnaścioro, ośmdziesięcioro, ośmnaścioro, piętnaścioro, pięcioro, pięćdziesięcioro, siedmioro, siedemdziesięcioro, siedemnaścioro, siedmdziesięcioro, siedmnaścioro, szesnaścioro, sześcioro, sześćdziesięcioro, trzydzieścioro, trzynaścioro nom_p = "o", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "o", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "o", }, } --[==[ The noun groups, keyed `GENDER KIND NUMBER NOMINATIVE` (e.g. `m-pr common sg `, `f common sg a`, `n place pl y`): * `copies`: the slots that take the forms of another slot (e.g. `acc_s = "gen_s"`). * `rules`: the forms of each slot, by the ending of the stem (`""` is the default). A slot's forms are an ending (a string) or a list of endings, and an ending given as a table can name a `stem` alternation and a `note`. ]==] data.noun_groups = { ["f common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["edź"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nt"] = { gen_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["oć"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["rś"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["tać"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ódź"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ęś"] = { ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ń"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["acz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["all"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ans"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["arł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ast"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["bni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["cn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["cni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["cow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = { "", "y" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["czi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["czm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["dow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dż"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ebn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["fi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["fl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["g"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["gl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["hi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["hl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["hni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["how"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ij"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ion"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["izd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["izi"] = { voc_s = "u" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jom"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ki"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["kk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ksz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ml"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["msz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["nan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ni"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["nni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["nod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", nom_p = "a" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oj"] = { dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "", gen_s = "ej" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["otw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźb"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["p"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["pl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["pow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["r"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["raż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["rzn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["rąż"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["s"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["sc"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["si"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["skr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["szw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ti"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uni"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "u" }, ["uzd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["wol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["wsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["zd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zdr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "" }, ["zl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["zz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ój"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąt"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ępi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ęż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["łbi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["łob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ńsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ści"] = { voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["źn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["źni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["żi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["żni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["żon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { acc_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" } }, ["can"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["san"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, }, }, ["f given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["fi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["ki"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["mi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["nc"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["nul"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["f place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" } }, ["ać"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eś"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, { "e", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ść"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f place sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ask"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["asn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["aw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["ck"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["el"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["enn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ew"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ewn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ez"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ibi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["iw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["iz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["kw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["lw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["lz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mbi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["mż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["odz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ojn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["opn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["prz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["szn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["tcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["usk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["wcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["yst"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["zw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąck"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-a" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["EP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OK"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["PR"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["S"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "", "-etom" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu" }, ins_p = { "", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, }, }, ["f proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, nom_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, }, }, ["f surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["adł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ajn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ak"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["an"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["azł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["bk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["dk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["dni"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "m", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", voc_s = "a" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dzk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["en"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["esk"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["fk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["gł"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["h"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ian"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["in"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["izn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["jew"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["jk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["jn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["kat"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["lan"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["mk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["nk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ok"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["on"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["osk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["osn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["own"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["p"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["pk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["tk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["un"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["wk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["x"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["y"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["yk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["yn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["zk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["zł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["ąk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ćk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["łk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["łn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ńk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["śk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ż"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["żk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["f surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = {}, ins_p = { "m", stem = "fronted" }, ins_s = {}, loc_p = {}, loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "dziadków", stem = "irregular" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "zym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "zych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "zymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "zych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich" }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ard"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ast"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["aść"] = { dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_s = "ą", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bp"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, { "ze", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["dan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów", { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["dr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dur"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dyw"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = { "", "s" }, gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = { "", "s" }, voc_s = "" }, ["eb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ep"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eus"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["eń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["fel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ger"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["han"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["hot"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ib"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["icz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ieć"] = { loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ień"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["iks"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ior"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ir"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["iz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["jas"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jor"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["kok"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["kon"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["kup"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = "i", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["lan"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["lar"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["len"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["leń"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lub"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["mp"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["nel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ng"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nin"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "truncated" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "truncated" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "truncated" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "truncated" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "truncated" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "truncated+palatal" } }, ["nuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nuś"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ob"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ont"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ord"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["pan"] = { dat_s = "u", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["pis"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rab"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ruk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["san"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sul"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["trz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["tur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["uaw"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ud"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wed"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wun"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yr"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["zcz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zes"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["zeń"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["zym"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ódz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ójt"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ąb"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ę"] = { dat_p = "tom", dat_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, depr_p = "ta", gen_p = { "t", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = { "cia", note = "dated" }, ins_p = "tami", ins_s = { "ciem", note = "dated" }, loc_p = "tach", loc_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, nom_p = "ta", voc_s = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łuk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["łup"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["żer"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["żeń"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["bi"] = { ins_s = { "ą", { "m", note = "dated" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "y" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "ę" }, dat_s = { "", "emu" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "", "ego" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "owie" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ped"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ri"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "ów" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ac"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["as"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["bol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["dl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ec"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["el"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["eśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["gl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego" }, ["ic"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["iol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["is"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["nc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["os"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["pl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["uc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["us"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["wol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["yc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ys"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęs"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["żl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gol"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "e", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["h"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["m"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ol"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["p"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["s"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["z"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "a", "y" }, gen_s = "y", ins_s = "ą", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["arz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["asz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["aż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["brz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["drz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["eż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["irz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["on"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["oż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ron"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["soł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["tcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["urz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["uż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ydz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["yż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["łon"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["żcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["aak"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["dot"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eg"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ew"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["ier"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["jan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["las"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lf"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ros"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ses"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["st"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["tan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["van"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wer"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["weł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" } }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["yp"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zor"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąd"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["at"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "onowi", depr_p = "ony", gen_p = "onów", gen_s = "ona", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "onem", loc_p = "onach", loc_s = "onie", nom_p = "onowie", voc_s = { "o", "onie" } }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "o", ins_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { depr_p = { "a", "o" }, loc_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" }, voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rr"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "y'emu" }, depr_p = { "e", "y'e" }, gen_s = { "ego", "y'ego" }, nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { depr_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ai"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "owi" }, gen_s = { "a", "ego" } }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cu"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["dz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eau"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "e", { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { "u", { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["eu"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, nom_p = "" }, ["ez"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "y", { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gh"] = { depr_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = { "m", "om" }, dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "ch", "ów" }, gen_s = "", ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, ins_s = { "em", "m" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ch" }, loc_s = { "m", "u" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["iel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ieu"] = { loc_s = { "", "m" } }, ["ieł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ii"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = "" }, ["iz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["jc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["kój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oe"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "", ins_s = "", loc_s = "" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["que"] = { dat_p = "'om", gen_p = "'ów", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["reć"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "reduced" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "reduced" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "reduced" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "reduced" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, "owie" } }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "u", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, depr_p = { "", "y" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "a" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "owie" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ue"] = { dat_s = "'owi", gen_s = "'a", loc_s = "'u" }, ["ues"] = { dat_p = "'om", dat_s = "'owi", gen_p = "'ów", gen_s = "'a", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", loc_s = "'u", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["ugh"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["wec"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ąz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["x"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["gn"] = { depr_p = "e'e", loc_s = "e'u", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ion"] = { depr_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ow"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rt"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["c"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["czk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["dk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["f"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["g"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["hk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = { "i", "owie" } }, ["lk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["tk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["śk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["and"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["b"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "y" } }, ["ejn"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["ett"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["h"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["ied"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["jd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["mb"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ng"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "i", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["nt"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["od"] = { gen_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ott"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["p"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["rd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["rr"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["s"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "a" }, ["sc"] = { dat_p = "o", gen_p = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ss"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", ins_s = "em" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ud"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["w"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["yd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", "y" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "a", "y" }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" }, loc_s = { "u", "y" } }, ["zad"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["ł"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["łd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ńd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["aw"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["azn"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["azł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ern"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "virile" } } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_s = "iego", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["sn"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["st"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["sł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["th"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["tzk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["yt"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ér"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["ąc"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["źn"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["ac"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bel"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["del"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["e"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eet"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["lac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["niś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["oll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ont"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["paw"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["raś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["rp"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tat"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" } }, ["u"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["x"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["yś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ób"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { acc_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["o"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "a", dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'y" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "y" } }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["i"] = { voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ego", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-anml given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, }, }, ["m-anml proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ec"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, }, }, ["m-in common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["B"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["I"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["K"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["ML"] = { acc_s = { "", "-a" }, gen_p = { "-i", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-a", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["P"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["T"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["abl"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["ail"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "ów", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["ak"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["am"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["arc"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["bul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["car"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["cer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["dal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dź"] = { acc_s = { "", { "a", stem = "shortened", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["em"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["enc"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["eol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["eor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["eus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" } }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["fel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ger"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["gół"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["haj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["hel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["her"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["how"] = { gen_s = "" }, ["hyl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hór"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ial"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["iej"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iek"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ij"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["im"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ior"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["isz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["itr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["izd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iąc"] = { gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["iąk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["iść"] = { ins_p = "mi" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["jas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["jem"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["jm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kch"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["kej"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["ker"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kic"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["km"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["laż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ler"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["lol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["lus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląg"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląt"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["maj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["mal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["mol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["nar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["nch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["nek"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["nel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ner"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["neż"] = { gen_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["nol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["nor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nur"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nyp"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nóg"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" } }, ["nóż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["och"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ocz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["oik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["om"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ool"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["or"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["our"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["pal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["per"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["pol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["por"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["prz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ror"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rus"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["rąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["sal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ser"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sh"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["tal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["til"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["tyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["um"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["unk"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["urz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ycz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ym"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ysz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["zcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["zd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zeń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zub"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ząg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óż"] = { gen_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, { "ów", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ć"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ęs"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łat"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łup"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ńc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ść"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["żel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["życ"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["żyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "a", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'u", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'y" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e" }, ["g"] = { loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'e" }, ["hon"] = { acc_s = { "e", "e'a" } }, ["ir"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["l"] = { nom_p = "e'e" }, ["lag"] = { gen_p = { "e'y", "e'ów" } }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "e'u" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ban"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["bol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["dl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["el"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["gl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["ian"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["im"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ks"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nom"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ran"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["wl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["wol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ym"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ćm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["żl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["Kum"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ab"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["adz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["aj"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["an"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ask"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["aw"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["azd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["biń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["boń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ceń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["doń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["duń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dyń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["eb"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["eg"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["en"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ep"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ew"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["eść"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["goń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["hel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iw"] = { dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["kok"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["las"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["leń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["lk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["lm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ng"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nim"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ok"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ork"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["oł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ość"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["pas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rb"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rsz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ryń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["róz"] = { gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["s"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["taw"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ub"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ud"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ug"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["um"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["us"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["vik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened", note = "archaic" } }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, ["wil"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["zok"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zyż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ząb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ęk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęp"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["łak"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["łm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łom"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łub"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["śl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, acc_s = "e", dat_p = { "e", "e'om" }, dat_s = { "e", "e'owi" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "e", "e'ów" }, gen_s = { "e", "e'u" }, ins_p = { "e", "e'ami" }, ins_s = { "e", "e'em" }, loc_p = { "e", "e'ach" }, loc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["AT"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["J"] = { dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" } }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OT"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Ol"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = "-ecie", nom_p = { "-ety", "-y" } }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["el"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["iD"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-zie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["iK"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-iem", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-i" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kot"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "" }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["Ś"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, }, }, ["n common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n common pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["ekt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["it"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["nt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ust"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zwi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "ym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ani"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "mi", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ic"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["jc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sat"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ż"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, }, }, ["n common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ajk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach" }, ["jtk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "i", loc_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["unk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["om"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["on"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, }, }, ["n common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ema"] = { dat_p = "tom", gen_p = "tów", ins_p = "tami", loc_p = "tach", nom_p = "ta" }, ["lon"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["il"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "e" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["mil"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "iów", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach", nom_p = "ia" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["nal"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["nci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["si"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["wal"] = { dat_s = "u", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["woj"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["zc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["żci"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["a"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ł", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "le", note = "colloquial" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["al"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["at"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["atł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["cer"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["cz"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["dk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } } }, ["eg"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["end"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ent"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["est"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["eł"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["fot"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = "u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["int"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["jk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["li"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["mk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["nak"] = { dat_s = { "owi", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, nom_p = { "a", "i" } }, ["ng"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ol"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ors"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["pol"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["re"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["red"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["st"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["tk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["zz"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["n common sg ę"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ętom", dat_s = "ęciu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ąt", gen_s = "ęcia", ins_p = "ętami", ins_s = "ęciem", loc_p = "ętach", nom_p = "ęta" }, ["mi"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "eniu", gen_p = "on", gen_s = "enia", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "eniem", loc_p = "onach", nom_p = "ona" }, }, }, ["n place pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ot"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["yt"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["alc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["cel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eńc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["olc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["źc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ag"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["isk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lig"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ośk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ruk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sęk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ug"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zeg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["łak"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n place pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ach"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["doł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ep"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gon"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hab"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["id"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["is"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["kan"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["koł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ndr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ord"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["os"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ozd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rob"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["roz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tos"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["um"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["was"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zch"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zyb"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ąs"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ład"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łoz"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["łyn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["żn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nd"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n place sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "ch" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, }, }, ["n place sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["ad"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ag"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ajn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["amn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ew"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ewn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["iw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["izn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ong"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["osn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["sn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["tw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["udn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów", { "", stem = "lengthened" } } }, ["ówn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łot"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["śn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg um"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, acc_s = "um", dat_p = { "om", { "um", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = "um", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "um", gen_s = "um", ins_p = { "ami", { "um", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = "um", loc_p = { "ach", { "um", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = "um", nom_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "um" }, }, }, ["n proper pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "e", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "y", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["BS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["J"] = { acc_p = { "", "-oty" }, dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_s = { "", "-ocie" } }, ["L"] = { acc_p = { "", "-e" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["R"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["Z"] = { acc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, ["k"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { acc_p = { "", "y" }, dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" }, voc_p = { "", "y" }, voc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ś"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg e"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "a", voc_p = "a", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["n proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = "ego", ins_p = {}, ins_s = "ym", loc_p = {}, loc_s = "ym", nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Adjective rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of an adjective in table order: the singular by gender column (the masculine animate and inanimate share -- most of them), then the virile and non-virile plural. data.adjective_slots = { "nom_m", "nom_f", "nom_n", "nom_mp_pers", "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "gen_mn", "gen_f", "gen_p", "dat_mn", "dat_f", "dat_p", "acc_m_an", "acc_m_in", "acc_f", "acc_n", "acc_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers", "ins_mn", "ins_f", "ins_p", "loc_mn", "loc_f", "loc_p", "short", } -- The nominative endings of an adjective's lemma (its masculine singular), which pick its group in `adjective_groups`. data.adjective_nominatives = { "y", "i" } -- The kind of an adjective, for its title and category, given by the first pattern its lemma matches. data.adjective_kinds = { { "y$", "hard" }, { "[kg]i$", "velar" }, { "", "soft" } } -- How to find the masculine of an adjectival word given in another gender (''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → -- ''tani'', ''wielkie'' → ''wielki'', and likewise a non-virile plural such as ''Zjednoczone''). Take the first ending -- of its rule gender (`plural` for a plural) that it has, and replace it with the soft masculine ending if the ending -- is `soft` or the stem ends in a letter of `soft_after`, and with the hard one otherwise. data.adjective_lemma = { endings = { f = { { "ia", soft = true }, { "a" } }, n = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, plural = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, }, soft = "i", hard = "y", soft_after = { k = true, g = true }, } -- The endings that follow the softened consonant of a virile nominative plural (''krew|ni'', ''pols|c|y''), used to -- find the masculine of a virile adjectival word. data.virile_endings = { "", "y" } -- The noun slot that each adjective slot of an adjectival word fills, by the rule gender of the noun. `plural` is the -- plural of every rule gender except `m-pr`, whose plural is in its own entry. The vocative is the nominative. data.adjectival_slots = { ["m-pr"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", nom_p = "nom_mp_pers", acc_p = "acc_mp_pers", voc_p = "nom_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", }, ["m-anml"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, ["m-in"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_in", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, f = { nom_s = "nom_f", gen_s = "gen_f", dat_s = "dat_f", acc_s = "acc_f", ins_s = "ins_f", loc_s = "loc_f", voc_s = "nom_f", }, n = { nom_s = "nom_n", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_n", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_n", }, plural = { nom_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", acc_p = "acc_p_not_mp_pers", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", voc_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", }, } -- The adjective slots that always have the forms of another slot, by source slot: the dative, instrumental and -- locative feminine singular come from the genitive and accusative, the locative masculine singular from the -- instrumental, and the locative plural from the genitive. data.adjective_shared = { gen_f = { "dat_f", "loc_f" }, acc_f = { "ins_f" }, ins_mn = { "loc_mn" }, gen_p = { "loc_p" }, } -- The accusatives an adjective takes from other slots, as pairs of source and accusative. data.adjective_accusatives = { { "nom_n", "acc_n" }, { "gen_mn", "acc_m_an" }, { "nom_m", "acc_m_in" }, { "gen_p", "acc_mp_pers" }, { "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers" }, { "nom_mp_npers", "acc_mp_npers" }, { "nom_fp", "acc_fp" }, { "nom_np", "acc_np" }, } -- The last letter of an adjective stem that drops before an ending starting with the given letter (e.g. ''moj-'' + -- ''-ich'' → ''moich''). data.adjective_dropped = { j = "i" } -- The archaic dative added by `archdat` (''polsku''): its ending, added to the adjective's stem, and its footnote (a -- key of `notes`). data.archaic_dative = { "u", note = "archaic" } --[==[ The irregular adjectives of `<irreg>`, tried on the lemma in order. `pattern` captures the stem (or `stem` gives it), and each of the `sets` adds forms to the stem (plus `add`), with an optional footnote. A set's `endings` give the slots in which a regular adjective has its own forms; the other slots are shared as for every adjective (the dative, instrumental and locative feminine singular are the genitive, accusative and genitive; the locative masculine singular is the instrumental; and the locative plural is the genitive). `-` as an ending means the lemma itself. A set's `own` endings fill a slot without that sharing. `table` names a table with slots of its own (`dwa` for the plural of ''dwa'' and ''oba'', and `plonly` for the plural only). ]==] local function normal(nom_f, nom_n, nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn, gen_f, gen_p, dat_mn, dat_p, acc_f, ins_mn, ins_p) return { nom_f = nom_f, nom_n = nom_n, nom_mp_pers = nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers = nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn = gen_mn, gen_f = gen_f, gen_p = gen_p, dat_mn = dat_mn, dat_p = dat_p, acc_f = acc_f, ins_mn = ins_mn, ins_p = ins_p, } end local DWA = { table = "dwa", sets = { { own = { nom_mp_pers = "aj", nom_mp_npers = "a", nom_fp = "ie", nom_np = "a", gen_p = { "u", "óch" }, dat_p = { "u", "om", "óm" }, ins_mnp = { "oma", "u" }, ins_fp = { "iema", "oma", "u" }, loc_p = { "u", "óch" }, }, } }, } data.irregular_adjectives = { { pattern = "^(dw)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(ob)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(.*[st]w)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*m)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*)ten$", sets = { { endings = normal("ta", "to", "ci", "te", "tego", "tej", "tych", "temu", "tym", nil, "tym", "tymi") }, { own = { acc_f = "tę" } }, { own = { acc_f = "tą" }, note = "proscribed but much more common" }, { own = { ins_f = "tą" } }, } }, -- ''tenże'' declines like ''ten'', with ''-ż'' after a vowel and ''-że'' after a consonant. { pattern = "^(.*)tenże$", sets = { { endings = normal("taż", "toż", "ciż", "też", "tegoż", "tejże", "tychże", "temuż", "tymże", nil, "tymże", "tymiż") }, { own = { acc_f = { "tęż", "tęże", "tąż", "tąże" }, ins_f = { "tąż", "tąże" } } }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*czyj)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*sam)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*jed)en$", sets = { { add = "n", endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(on)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^ów$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^owy$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*il)e$", table = "plonly", sets = { { endings = normal(nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, nil, "u", nil, "u", nil, nil, "u") }, { own = { ins_p = "oma" }, note = "rare" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*wszys)tek$", sets = { { add = "tk", endings = normal("a", "o", nil, "ie", "iego", "iej", "ich", "iemu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi"), archaic_dative = "u" }, { add = "c", own = { nom_mp_pers = "y" } }, } }, } --[==[ The adjective groups, keyed `adj common sg NOMINATIVE` (the lemma's ending, `y` or `i`) like the noun groups. ]==] data.adjective_groups = { ["adj common sg "] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_f = "ą", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["."] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["a"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ad"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {}, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["asz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["d"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "" }, ["e"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["en"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "reduced" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "reduced" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ych", stem = "reduced" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, ins_mn = { "ym", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ymi", stem = "reduced" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ent"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "shortened" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "shortened" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "shortened" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["n"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nd"] = { nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["nt"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {} }, ["o"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["om"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ron"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["rt"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["w"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yj"] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", ins_f = "ą", nom_f = "a", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["é"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ż"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, }, }, ["adj common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "iemu", gen_f = "iej", gen_mn = "iego", gen_p = "ich", ins_mn = "im", ins_p = "imi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "ie", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ie" }, ["b"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { acc_f = "ią", nom_f = "ia", nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["i"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["ks"] = { acc_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["w"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["y"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["z"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["adj common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["c"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["h"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ron"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["soł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["won"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łon"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ż"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, } return data 6z1mum28ays1het5e5fmpukr4146crb 2573592 2573588 2026-10-26T08:25:23Z Hiyuune 50834 2573592 Scribunto text/plain --[==[ Polish data for [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]: the declension rules, the stem alternations they use, the irregular words, the footnotes, and the indicators of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} and {{tl|pl-adecl}}. TERMINOLOGY: * "stem" = The lemma minus its nominative ending, e.g. ''kobiet-'' from ''kobieta'' and ''okn-'' from ''okno''. A masculine noun ending in a consonant is its own stem (''pies''). * "group" = The nouns that share one set of rules, i.e. those with the same gender (`m-pr` masculine personal, `m-anml` masculine animal, `m-in` masculine inanimate, `f`, `n`), kind (common nouns, surnames, given names, place names and other names) and nominative ending (`""` for a consonant, `a`, `o`, `e`, `ę`, `um`, `i`). Pluralia tantum have groups of their own, by the ending of their nominative plural. * "rule" = The forms of one slot for the nouns of a group whose stem ends in particular letters. The rule for the longest such ending applies, and `""` holds the group's default. A form is an ending added either to the stem or to the stem changed by an alternation (e.g. with `stem = "palatal"`, ''kobiet-'' becomes ''kobieci-'' before ''-e''). * "copy" = A slot whose forms are always those of another slot in its group, e.g. the accusative singular of a personal noun is its genitive. ]==] local data = {} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Alternations -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The vowels, used by the rules that look for the last syllable of a stem. data.vowels = "aąeęioóuy" --[==[ The alternations a rule can ask for (`stem = "..."`). Several are joined with "+", in this order: * `reduced`: drop the mobile ''e'' of the stem's last syllable (''pies'' → ''ps-'', ''sweter'' → ''swetr-''). * `inserted_e`, `inserted_ie`: put in ''e'' or ''ie'' before the last consonant (''matk-'' → ''matek'', ''okn-'' → ''okien''). * `truncated`: drop the end of the stem given by `truncate` (''Amerykanin'' → ''Amerykan-'', ''Amerykanie''). * `spelled`: write the end of the stem as `spelled` gives it before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiks-''). * `shortened`: change ''ó'' to ''o'' and ''ą'' to ''ę'' in the last syllable (''stół'' → ''stoł-'', ''ząb'' → ''zęb-''). * `lengthened`: change ''o'' to ''ó'' and ''ę'' to ''ą'' in the last syllable (''drog-'' → ''dróg'', ''ręk-'' → ''rąk''). * `fronted`: change ''o'' or ''a'' to ''e'' in the last syllable (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi''). * `soft`, `palatal`, `virile`: change the last consonant (or two) using one of the tables below. ]==] -- How `shortened` (''stół'' → ''stołu''), `lengthened` (''droga'' → ''dróg'') and `fronted` (''uczony'' → ''uczeni'', -- ''sąsiad'' → ''sąsiedzi'') change the vowel of a stem's last syllable. data.shorten = { ["ó"] = "o", ["ą"] = "ę" } data.lengthen = { ["o"] = "ó", ["ę"] = "ą" } data.front = { ["o"] = "e", ["a"] = "e" } -- How `truncated` cuts a stem (the plural of the nouns in ''-anin'' has no ''-in'': ''mieszczanin'' → ''mieszczanie'', -- ''mieszczan'') and how `spelled` writes one before an ending (''appendix'' → ''appendiksu'', ''appendiksie''). data.truncate = { nin = "n" } data.spelled = { x = "ks" } -- How a soft consonant at the end of a stem is written before a vowel, e.g. ''koń'' → ''konia''. data.soft = { ["dź"] = "dzi", ["ć"] = "ci", ["ń"] = "ni", ["ś"] = "si", ["ź"] = "zi" } -- The reverse: how a stem's soft consonant spelled with ''i'' is written at the end of a word with no ending, e.g. -- ''danie'' → ''dań''. The module also uses `soft` to respell a final soft consonant before a vowel, as Polish -- spelling always does (''niedźwiedź'' + ''-a'' → ''niedźwiedzia''), so a rule's ending doesn't need `soft` for that. data.final_soft = { ["dzi"] = "dź", ["ci"] = "ć", ["ni"] = "ń", ["si"] = "ś", ["zi"] = "ź" } -- The consonants that stay soft when a mobile ''ie'' before them drops, e.g. ''goniec'' → ''gońca'', ''wrzesień'' → -- ''września''. Before the other consonants, the ''i'' only marked their softness and goes with it (''pies'' → -- ''psa'', ''łokieć'' → ''łokcia''). data.reduced_soft = { n = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", c = "ć", dz = "dź" } -- The first palatalization, before ''-e'' (in the locative singular and the feminine dative singular). data.palatal = { -- After ''c'', ''r'' and ''s'', the ''z'' of ''-zn-'' and ''-zł-'' is part of a digraph and doesn't soften -- (''logiczny'' → ''logiczni'', ''Leszno'' → ''Lesznie'', ''zeszły'' → ''zeszli'', but ''żelazny'' → ''żelaźni''). ["czn"] = "czni", ["rzn"] = "rzni", ["szn"] = "szni", ["czł"] = "czl", ["rzł"] = "rzl", ["szł"] = "szl", ["st"] = "ści", ["zd"] = "ździ", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", ["sn"] = "śni", ["zn"] = "źni", ["sm"] = "śmi", ["zm"] = "źmi", ["ch"] = "sz", ["p"] = "pi", ["b"] = "bi", ["f"] = "fi", ["w"] = "wi", ["v"] = "vi", ["m"] = "mi", ["n"] = "ni", ["s"] = "si", ["z"] = "zi", ["t"] = "ci", ["d"] = "dzi", ["r"] = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["h"] = "ż", } -- The tooltip over the row header of each case, giving its Polish name and questions. data.case_titles = { nom = "mianownik (kto? co?)", gen = "dopełniacz (kogo? czego?)", dat = "celownik (komu? czemu?)", acc = "biernik (kogo? co?)", ins = "narzędnik (kim? czym?)", loc = "miejscownik (o kim? o czym?)", voc = "wołacz (o!)", } -- The nominative endings split off a lemma to get its stem, by gender (and `plural` for a plurale tantum), tried in -- order. For example, ''kobieta'' is ''kobiet-'' plus ''-a'', a masculine in ''-y'' or ''-i'' is an adjectival noun -- (''Kowalski''), and one in ''-e'' declines as an adjective in the singular (''Bethke'', ''Bethkego'', ''Bethkowie''). -- A lemma with none of them is its own stem (''pies''). data.nominative_endings = { m = { "a", "o", "y", "i", "e" }, f = { "a", "i" }, n = { "um", "o", "e", "ę" }, plural = { "i", "y", "e", "a" }, } -- The endings of `nominative_endings` that are only a nominative after a consonant, by gender. After a vowel they belong -- to the stem (''playboy'', ''playboya''; ''Halley'', ''Halleya''). data.nominative_after_consonant = { m = { y = true, i = true, e = true } } -- The mobile vowels that `reduced` drops, tried in order: ''ie'' after a consonant, which stays soft according to -- `soften` (''goniec'' → ''gońc-''), and ''e'' (''pies'' → ''ps-''). data.mobile_vowels = { { "ie", after_consonant = true, soften = "reduced_soft" }, { "e" }, } -- The mobile vowel that `*` puts into a bare form: ''ie'' after the letters in `after` (''okno'' → ''okien'', ''igła'' -- → ''igieł''), and otherwise `default` (''matka'' → ''matek''). data.inserted_vowel = { default = "e", after = { k = "ie", g = "ie" } } -- The vowel that spells a soft consonant before another vowel (''koń'' + ''-a'' → ''konia''). An ending drops its first -- vowel after it if that vowel is one of `soft_vowel_absorbs` (''goleń'' + ''-i'' → ''goleni''), and also after a -- softening of the stem that ends in it (''Herod'' + virile ''-y'' → ''Herodzi'', ''Twardy'' + ''-i'' → ''Twardzi''). data.soft_vowel = "i" data.soft_vowel_absorbs = { "i", "y" } -- The vowel never written after the soft vowel. After a stem's own ''i'', it is dropped if the ''i'' spells a soft -- consonant (the stem ends in a key of `final_soft`: ''niunia'' + ''-y'' → ''niuni'') and written as the soft vowel if -- the ''i'' is a vowel (''Ilia'' + ''-y'' → ''Ilii''). data.hard_vowel = "y" -- The digraphs a stem can end in, which count as one consonant (for the stem type in the categories, and for Standard -- Kurpie). data.digraphs = { ch = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dź"] = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true } -- The softening in the masculine personal nominative plural (''student'' → ''studenci'', ''Polak'' → ''Polacy''). data.virile = { ["st"] = "ści", ["ch"] = "s", ["t"] = "c", ["d"] = "dz", ["r"] = "rz", ["k"] = "c", ["g"] = "dz", ["ł"] = "l", ["sz"] = "s", ["s"] = "s", ["z"] = "z", ["n"] = "n", ["p"] = "p", ["b"] = "b", ["m"] = "m", ["w"] = "w", ["f"] = "f", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Notes -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The footnotes a rule or an override can give a form, by key: `note = "dated"` in a rule, or `[dated]` in a spec. data.notes = { archaic = "cổ xưa", colloquial = "thông tục", dated = "lỗi thời", deprecative = "không còn dùng", dialectal = "phương ngữ", humorous = "từ hài hước", literary = "ngôn ngữ văn chương", obsolete = "không còn dùng", pejorative = "nghĩa xấu", proscribed = "bị phản đối", rare = "hiếm", regional = "từ địa phương", vulgar = "thô tục", -- Notes for the forms of a pronoun that are only clitics (''go'', ''mi'') or only follow a preposition (''niego''). unstressed = "không nhấn trọng âm", after_preposition = "sau giới từ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Indicators -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The indicators of each template, by name. Indicators with the same `group` exclude each other, and the group names what they set (read with `Spec:group`). `sets` is the value the indicator gives its group if that isn't its own name, and `value` means it takes a value (e.g. `decllemma:dń`). ]==] data.indicators = { noun = { m = { group = "gender" }, f = { group = "gender" }, n = { group = "gender" }, pr = { group = "animacy" }, anml = { group = "animacy" }, inan = { group = "animacy" }, sg = { group = "number" }, pl = { group = "number" }, ["*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["-*"] = { group = "reducible" }, ["#"] = { group = "quantity" }, ["-#"] = { group = "quantity" }, surname = { group = "kind" }, given = { group = "kind" }, place = { group = "kind" }, proper = { group = "kind" }, irreg = { group = "type" }, indecl = { group = "type" }, ["!"] = { group = "type" }, ["+"] = { group = "type" }, pron = { group = "type" }, num = { group = "type" }, decllemma = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, r = { group = "declined", value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, soft = {}, }, adjective = { irreg = {}, plonly = {}, archdat = {}, decllemma = { value = "word" }, lect = { group = "table", value = "code" }, dialectal = { group = "table" }, num = {}, recon = { value = "word" }, du = {}, pos = { value = "part of speech" }, }, } -- The parts of speech an adjective table can be categorized under (given with `pos:` on one of its words, with -- `adjective` as the default), along with the plural its categories use ("Polish hard pronouns"). data.parts_of_speech = { adjective = "tính từ", pronoun = "đại từ", determiner = "từ hạn định", numeral = "số từ", suffix = "hậu tố", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lects -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The lects that have a table of their own (`lect:CODE`), by their code in [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. An "attested" table lists the forms given and nothing else (`respelling` gives the link target of each form), and a "paradigm" generates the forms from the `rules` named. The forms of any other lect go in the `dialectal` table, each tagged with its lect. The names of the lects are read from [[Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl]]. ]==] data.lect_tables = { -- The Middle Polish forms link to their modern spelling, using `middle_polish_respelling`. mpl = { table = "attested", respelling = "middle_polish_respelling" }, -- The Standard Kurpie forms are generated from `kurpie`. skur = { table = "paradigm", rules = "kurpie" }, } -- The data module of the lects, with their codes, names and aliases. data.lect_module = "Module:zlw-lch-IPA/data/pl" -- The start of the title of a lect's table (or of the dialectal table), before its head. data.lect_titles = { mpl = "Dạng biến thể hình thái chứng thực tiếng Ba Lan trung đại của ", skur = "Biến cách phương ngữ Kurpie tiêu chuẩn của ", dialectal = "Dạng biến thể hình thái chứng thực theo phương ngữ của ", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Categories -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The categories of a table of the standard language, each after the language's name ("Polish singularia tantum"). A noun table of one word is categorized by its stem type and gender (`stem`, e.g. "velar feminine nouns"), by what its forms show (`reducible` for a mobile ''e'', `quantitative` for ''ó''/''o'' or ''ą''/''ę''), and by its type (`irregular`, `adjectival`, `indeclinable`). A phrase, a pronoun or a numeral is only categorized by its number. An adjective table is categorized by its kind and part of speech (`adjective_kind`, e.g. "hard adjectives" or "soft pronouns"), and by any short forms and irregular stem. ]==] data.categories = { singularia_tantum = "Danh từ chỉ có số ít", pluralia_tantum = "Danh từ chỉ có số nhiều", stem = "Danh từ %s %s", reducible = "Danh từ với thân từ rút gọn", quantitative = "nouns with quantitative vowel alternation", irregular = "Danh từ bất quy tắc", adjectival = "Danh tính từ", indeclinable = "Danh từ không biến cách", adjective_kind = "%s %s", short_forms = "%s với dạng ngắn", irregular_stem = "%s với thân từ bất quy tắc", } -- The gender of a noun as its stem category names it, by gender and (for masculines) animacy. data.category_genders = { m = { pr = "giống đực nhân xưng", anml = "giống đực hữu sinh", inan = "giống đực vô sinh" }, f = "giống cái", n = "giống trung", } -- The stem type of a noun by the last consonant of its stem: velar, soft (including the functionally soft ''c'', -- ''cz'', ''dz'', ''dż'', ''rz'', ''sz'' and ''ż''), or otherwise hard. data.stem_types = { velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true, i = true, c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true, }, } -- The Middle Polish letters that are respelled in the link target of a form (''ptåka'' links to [[ptaka]]). The form -- itself is shown as written. data.middle_polish_respelling = { ["å"] = "a", ["á"] = "a", ["é"] = "e", ["Å"] = "A", ["Á"] = "A", ["É"] = "E", } --[==[ The Standard Kurpie paradigm (`lect:skur`) * `palatal`: what the last consonant (or cluster) of a stem becomes before an ending with `stem = "palatal"`. An ''s'' or ''z'' before a softened consonant is softened too (''masło'' → ''maśle'', ''źosna'' → ''źośńe''), but not the ''z'' of ''rz''. The velars only change before the ''-e'' of a feminine; a masculine or neuter velar takes ''-u''. * `hardened`: the consonants after which an ending's ''ï'' is written ''y'' (''ulicy'', ''nocy''). * `soft` and `velar`: the last consonants that make a stem soft or velar, which decide the type of a lemma. * `mazurated`: the last consonants that can come from mazuration (''s'', ''z'', ''c'', ''dz'' for ''sz'', ''ż'', ''cz'', ''dż''). The indicator `soft` makes such a stem soft, as in ''lystonos'' (< ''listonosz''), whose spelling doesn't show it; ''sołtys'' stays hard. * `nouns[GENDER][TYPE]`: the ending of each slot, as in `noun_groups` (a string, or `{ ending, stem = "palatal" }`). The type comes from the lemma; see `paradigm_type` in [[Module:zlw-lch-decl]]. * `copies[GENDER]` and `animate_copies[ANIMACY]`: the slots that take the forms of another slot. * `clear`, `clear_before_nasal` and `nasals`: the alternation of `#`, by which the slanted vowel of the last syllable of a consonant-final lemma is clear before an ending (''kśądz'', ''kśę̈dza''). Before one of the `nasals`, where ''o'' is always written ''ó'', the slanted ''ó'' alternates with ''a''. * `adjective`: the endings of the single adjective declension, by slot of `adjective_slots`, added to the lemma minus its last letter. ]==] data.kurpie = { palatal = { ["rzn"] = "rzń", ["rzł"] = "rzl", st = "ść", zd = "źdź", sn = "śń", zn = "źń", ["sł"] = "śl", ["zł"] = "źl", sm = "śń", zm = "źń", b = "bź", p = "pś", f = "ś", w = "ź", m = "ń", s = "ś", z = "ź", t = "ć", d = "dź", n = "ń", r = "rz", ["ł"] = "l", ch = "s", k = "c", g = "dz", }, hardened = { c = true, cz = true, dz = true, ["dż"] = true, rz = true, sz = true, ["ż"] = true }, -- The type of a lemma, by gender. Take the first entry whose ending the lemma has (`""` for none; with -- `consonant_final`, only if it doesn't end in one of the `vowels`). The type is that of the first class in the -- entry's `by_final` that has the last consonant of the stem, and otherwise `default`; it is a type of the gender -- `declension` if the entry gives one. With the indicator `soft`, it is the entry's `soft`. types = { f = { { ending = "a", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, -- After a soft consonant, the ending is written ''-å'' (''sukńå''). { ending = "å", default = "soft" }, { ending = "", by_final = { { "soft", "soft_consonant" } }, default = "hard_consonant" }, }, n = { { ending = "um", default = "latinate" }, -- A final ''ę'' is written ''ë'' (''wyńë''). { ending = "ë", default = "nasal" }, -- A soft stem in ''-o'' is a j-stem (''jajo''). { ending = "o", by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "hardened", "hardened" }, { "soft", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "e", by_final = { { "hardened", "hardened" } }, default = "soft" }, }, m = { { ending = "", consonant_final = true, by_final = { { "velar", "velar" }, { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard", soft = "soft" }, -- An animate masculine in ''-a'' or ''-å'' (''starosta'', ''sę̈dźå'') declines as a feminine, with the -- accusative plural of its animacy. { ending = "a", declension = "f", by_final = { { "soft", "soft" }, { "hardened", "soft" } }, default = "hard" }, { ending = "å", declension = "f", default = "soft" }, }, }, -- The nominative plural endings a plurale tantum can have, tried in order (''Ńëmcy''). plural_nominatives = { "y", "ï", "e", "a" }, vowels = "aąeęioóuyåéëï", -- A personal or animal velar has a type of its own, with the genitive and accusative in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_types = { velar = "animate_velar" }, -- How the first letter of an ending is written after a hardened consonant (''ï'' as ''y''). hardened_spelling = { ["ï"] = "y" }, soft = { ["ć"] = true, ["ń"] = true, ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["dź"] = true, j = true, l = true }, velar = { k = true, g = true, ch = true }, mazurated = { s = true, z = true, c = true, dz = true }, -- The consonants after which an adjective has ''-ï'' for ''-y'' (''głupśï''). adjective_soft = { ["ś"] = true, ["ź"] = true, ["ć"] = true, ["dź"] = true, ["ń"] = true, j = true }, clear = { ["ó"] = "o", ["é"] = "e", ["å"] = "a", ["ą"] = "ę̈" }, clear_before_nasal = { ["ó"] = "a" }, nasals = { m = true, n = true, ["ń"] = true }, nouns = { m = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "u", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, -- A personal or animal velar takes the genitive (and accusative) in ''-a'' (''ptaka''). animate_velar = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "a", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, }, f = { hard = { nom_p = "y", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, soft = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "ë", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "o", }, hard_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "y", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "y", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "y", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "y", }, soft_consonant = { nom_p = "e", gen_s = "ï", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "ï", dat_p = "óm", acc_s = "", ins_s = "ó", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "ï", loc_p = "ach", voc_s = "ï", }, }, n = { hard = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = "ach", }, velar = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, soft = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "å", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "u", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, hardened = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "a", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "oźu", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "ëm", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "u", loc_p = "ach", }, nasal = { nom_p = "óna", gen_s = "ëńå", gen_p = "ónów", dat_s = "ëńu", dat_p = "ónóm", ins_s = "ëńëm", ins_p = "ónańï", loc_s = "ëńu", loc_p = "ónach", }, latinate = { nom_p = "a", gen_s = "um", gen_p = "ów", dat_s = "um", dat_p = "óm", ins_s = "um", ins_p = "ańï", loc_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", }, }, }, copies = { m = { voc_s = "loc_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, f = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, n = { acc_s = "nom_s", voc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, }, animate_copies = { pr = { acc_p = "gen_p" }, anml = { acc_p = "nom_p" }, inan = { acc_s = "nom_s", acc_p = "nom_p" }, }, -- The other slots are shared as in the standard tables (e.g. the dative and locative feminine come from the -- genitive), and the plural has one nominative for both genders. adjective = { nom_n = "e", nom_f = "å", nom_mp_pers = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e", gen_mn = "égo", gen_f = "éj", gen_p = "éch", dat_mn = "ëmu", dat_p = "ëm", acc_f = "ó", ins_mn = "ëm", ins_p = "ëńï", }, } -- The rule gender of each gender and animacy of a call. data.rule_gender = { m = { pr = "m-pr", anml = "m-anml", inan = "m-in" }, f = "f", n = "n", } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Lexicon -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of a noun in the order the lexicon lists them in. data.slot_order = { "nom_s", "gen_s", "dat_s", "acc_s", "ins_s", "loc_s", "voc_s", "nom_p", "gen_p", "dat_p", "acc_p", "ins_p", "loc_p", "voc_p", } -- The irregular nouns of `<irreg>`, by lemma, with their gender and animacy and every form, in `slot_order`. data.irregular_nouns = { ["brat"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "brat", "brata", "bratu", "brata", "bratem", "bracie", "bracie", "bracia", "braci", "braciom", "braci", "braćmi", "braciach", "bracia", }, ["dziecko"] = { gender = "n", "dziecko", "dziecka", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieckiem", "dziecku", "dziecko", "dzieci", "dzieci", "dzieciom", "dzieci", "dziećmi", "dzieciach", "dzieci", }, ["ksiądz"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "ksiądz", "księdza", "księdzu", "księdza", "księdzem", "księdzu", "księże", "księża", "księży", "księżom", "księży", "księżmi", "księżach", "księża", }, ["książę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "książę", "księcia", "księciu", "księcia", "księciem", "księciu", "książę", "książęta", "książąt", "książętom", "książąt", "książętami", "książętach", "książęta", }, ["rok"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "inan", "rok", "roku", "rokowi", "rok", "rokiem", "roku", "roku", "lata", "lat", "latom", "lata", "latami", "latach", "lata", }, ["arcyksiążę"] = { gender = "m", animacy = "pr", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksięcia", "arcyksięciem", "arcyksięciu", "arcyksiążę", "arcyksiążęta", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętom", "arcyksiążąt", "arcyksiążętami", "arcyksiążętach", "arcyksiążęta", }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Pronouns, numerals and noun rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --[==[ The pronouns of `<pron>`, by lemma, with the numbers of the table (`numberless` for ''siebie'') and the forms of each slot, each a string or `{ form, notes = { KEY... } }` with keys of `notes`. A pronoun made of one of these plus an ending in `pronoun_suffixes` (e.g. ''cośkolwiek'') declines like the pronoun, with the ending after every form. ]==] data.pronouns = { ["co"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "co" }, gen_s = { "czego", { "co", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemu" }, acc_s = { "co" }, ins_s = { "czym" }, loc_s = { "czym" }, }, ["cokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "czegokolwiek", { "cokolwiek", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "cokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "czymkolwiek" }, }, ["coś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "coś" }, gen_s = { "czegoś", { "coś", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuś" }, acc_s = { "coś" }, ins_s = { "czymś" }, loc_s = { "czymś" }, }, ["cóż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "cóż" }, gen_s = { "czegoż", "czegóż", { "cóż", notes = { "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "czemuż" }, acc_s = { "cóż" }, ins_s = { "czymże" }, loc_s = { "czymże" }, }, ["ja"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ja" }, gen_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, dat_s = { "mnie", { "mi", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "mnie", { "mię", notes = { "unstressed", "rare" } } }, ins_s = { "mną" }, loc_s = { "mnie" }, }, ["kto"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "kto" }, gen_s = { "kogo" }, dat_s = { "komu" }, acc_s = { "kogo" }, ins_s = { "kim" }, loc_s = { "kim" }, }, ["ktokolwiek"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktokolwiek" }, gen_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, dat_s = { "komukolwiek" }, acc_s = { "kogokolwiek" }, ins_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, loc_s = { "kimkolwiek" }, }, ["ktoś"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ktoś" }, gen_s = { "kogoś" }, dat_s = { "komuś" }, acc_s = { "kogoś" }, ins_s = { "kimś" }, loc_s = { "kimś" }, }, ["któż"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "któż" }, gen_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, dat_s = { "komuż" }, acc_s = { "kogoż", "kogóż" }, ins_s = { "kimże" }, loc_s = { "kimże" }, }, ["my"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "my" }, gen_p = { "nas" }, dat_p = { "nam" }, acc_p = { "nas" }, ins_p = { "nami" }, loc_p = { "nas" }, voc_p = { "my" }, }, ["nic"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nic" }, gen_s = { "nic", "niczego" }, dat_s = { "niczemu" }, acc_s = { "nic" }, ins_s = { "niczym" }, loc_s = { "niczym" }, }, ["nikt"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "nikt" }, gen_s = { "nikogo" }, dat_s = { "nikomu" }, acc_s = { "nikogo" }, ins_s = { "nikim" }, loc_s = { "nikim" }, }, ["on"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "on" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["ona"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ona" }, gen_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jej", { "niej", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "ją", { "nią", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nią" }, loc_s = { "niej" }, }, ["one"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "one" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["oni"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "oni" }, gen_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_p = { "im", { "nim", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_p = { "ich", { "nich", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_p = { "nimi" }, loc_p = { "nich" }, }, ["ono"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ono" }, gen_s = { "jego", { "go", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niego", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, dat_s = { "jemu", { "mu", notes = { "unstressed" } }, { "niemu", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, acc_s = { "je", { "nie", notes = { "after_preposition" } } }, ins_s = { "nim" }, loc_s = { "nim" }, }, ["siebie"] = { numbers = { "s" }, numberless = true, gen_s = { "siebie", "się" }, dat_s = { "sobie", "se" }, acc_s = { "siebie", "się" }, ins_s = { "sobą" }, loc_s = { "sobie", "se" }, }, ["ty"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "ty" }, gen_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, dat_s = { "tobie", { "ci", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, acc_s = { "ciebie", { "cię", notes = { "unstressed" } } }, ins_s = { "tobą" }, loc_s = { "tobie" }, voc_s = { "ty", { "te", notes = { "proscribed", "colloquial" } } }, }, ["wszystko"] = { numbers = { "s" }, nom_s = { "wszystko" }, gen_s = { "wszystkiego" }, dat_s = { "wszystkiemu" }, acc_s = { "wszystko" }, ins_s = { "wszystkim" }, loc_s = { "wszystkim" }, }, ["wy"] = { numbers = { "p" }, nom_p = { "wy" }, gen_p = { "was" }, dat_p = { "wam" }, acc_p = { "was" }, ins_p = { "wami" }, loc_p = { "was" }, voc_p = { "wy" }, }, } data.pronoun_suffixes = { "śkolwiek", "kolwiek", "ś" } --[==[ The numerals of `<num>`, by the end of their lemma (the longest one a lemma ends in applies). `numeral_rules` has the cardinals of {{tl|pl-adecl}} (''pięć'', ''trzy'', ''-naście'', ''-set''), with a virile and a non-virile column in the slots of `adjective_slots`, and `collective_rules` has the collectives of {{tl|pl-ndecl}} (''pięcioro'', ''dwoje''), in the plural slots of a noun. Each slot has the endings that follow the lemma minus its key, as in `noun_groups`, and the comment on each rule names the numerals it was made from. ]==] data.numeral_rules = { ["a"] = { -- kilka nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "a", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "a", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["adziesiąt"] = { -- kilkadziesiąt nom_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", gen_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięcioma", "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesiąt", note = "dated" } }, }, ["adzieścia"] = { -- dwadzieścia nom_mp_pers = "udziestu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", gen_p = "udziestu", dat_p = "udziestu", acc_mp_pers = "udziestu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "adzieścia", ins_p = { "udziestoma", "udziestu" }, loc_p = "udziestu", }, ["akroć"] = { -- dwakroć nom_mp_pers = "ukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", gen_p = "ukroć", dat_p = "ukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "akroć", ins_p = { "ukroć", { "omakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukroć", }, ["anaście"] = { -- dwanaście, kilkanaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "anaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["aset"] = { -- kilkaset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "aset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["edziesiąt"] = { -- wieledziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "edziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ekolwiek"] = { -- ilekolwiek nom_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", gen_p = "ukolwiek", dat_p = "ukolwiek", acc_mp_pers = "ukolwiek", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ekolwiek", ins_p = { "ukolwiek", { "omakolwiek", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ukolwiek", }, ["ele"] = { -- niewiele, wiele nom_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", gen_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ele", ins_p = { "eloma", "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" }, { "elą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "elu", { "ela", note = "dated" } }, }, ["em"] = { -- siedem nom_mp_pers = "miu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miu", dat_p = "miu", acc_mp_pers = "miu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "em", { "m", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "mioma", "miu" }, loc_p = "miu", }, ["emkroć"] = { -- siedemkroć nom_mp_pers = "miukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", gen_p = "miukroć", dat_p = "miukroć", acc_mp_pers = "miukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "emkroć", ins_p = { "miukroć", { "miomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miukroć", }, ["emset"] = { -- siedemset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", { "mset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["eset"] = { -- wieleset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["eś"] = { -- ileś nom_mp_pers = "uś", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", gen_p = "uś", dat_p = "uś", acc_mp_pers = "uś", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eś", ins_p = { "uś", { "omaś", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uś", }, ["eż"] = { -- ileż, tyleż, wieleż nom_mp_pers = "uż", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", gen_p = "uż", dat_p = "uż", acc_mp_pers = "uż", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "eż", ins_p = { "uż", { "omaż", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uż", }, ["ieście"] = { -- dwieście nom_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", gen_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = "ustu", acc_mp_pers = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ieście", ins_p = { "ustu", { "omaset", note = "rare" }, { "ustoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ustu", { "uset", note = "dated" }, { "óchset", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ile"] = { -- ile nom_mp_pers = "ilu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", gen_p = "ilu", dat_p = "ilu", acc_mp_pers = "ilu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ile", ins_p = { "iloma", "ilu" }, loc_p = "ilu", }, ["mset"] = { -- siedmset nom_mp_pers = "miuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, gen_p = "miuset", dat_p = "miuset", acc_mp_pers = "miuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "emset", "mset" }, ins_p = { "miuset", { "miomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "miuset", }, ["o"] = { -- sto nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "o", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "o", ins_p = { "u", { "oma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "u", }, ["siem"] = { -- osiem nom_mp_pers = "śmiu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiu", dat_p = "śmiu", acc_mp_pers = "śmiu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siem", { "śm", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmioma", "śmiu" }, loc_p = "śmiu", }, ["siemkroć"] = { -- osiemkroć nom_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", gen_p = "śmiukroć", dat_p = "śmiukroć", acc_mp_pers = "śmiukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "siemkroć", ins_p = { "śmiukroć", { "śmiomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiukroć", }, ["siemset"] = { -- osiemset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", { "śmset", note = "dated" } }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, ["y"] = { -- cztery, trzy nom_mp_pers = { "ech", "ej" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "y", gen_p = "ech", dat_p = "em", acc_mp_pers = "ech", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "y", ins_p = "ema", loc_p = "ech", }, ["ykroć"] = { -- trzykroć nom_mp_pers = "echkroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", gen_p = "echkroć", dat_p = "echkroć", acc_mp_pers = "echkroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ykroć", ins_p = { "echkroć", { "emakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "echkroć", }, ["yle"] = { -- tyle nom_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", gen_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, dat_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_mp_pers = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "yle", ins_p = { "yloma", "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" }, { "ylą", note = "dated" } }, loc_p = { "ylu", { "yla", note = "dated" } }, }, ["ysta"] = { -- czterysta, trzysta nom_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", gen_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, dat_p = "ystu", acc_mp_pers = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ysta", ins_p = { "ystu", { "ystoma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "ystu", { "echset", note = "rare" } }, }, ["ąt"] = { -- dziewięćdziesiąt, osiemdziesiąt, ośmdziesiąt, pięćdziesiąt, siedemdziesiąt, siedmdziesiąt, sześćdziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "ęciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", gen_p = "ęciu", dat_p = "ęciu", acc_mp_pers = "ęciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ąt", ins_p = { "ęcioma", "ęciu" }, loc_p = "ęciu", }, ["ć"] = { -- dziesięć, dziewięć, pięć, sześć nom_mp_pers = "ciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", gen_p = "ciu", dat_p = "ciu", acc_mp_pers = "ciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ć", ins_p = { "cioma", "ciu" }, loc_p = "ciu", }, ["ćkroć"] = { -- pięćkroć nom_mp_pers = "ciukroć", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", gen_p = "ciukroć", dat_p = "ciukroć", acc_mp_pers = "ciukroć", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćkroć", ins_p = { "ciukroć", { "ciomakroć", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciukroć", }, ["ćset"] = { -- dziewięćset, pięćset, sześćset nom_mp_pers = "ciuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", gen_p = "ciuset", dat_p = "ciuset", acc_mp_pers = "ciuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ćset", ins_p = { "ciuset", { "ciomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "ciuset", }, ["ę"] = { -- parę nom_mp_pers = "u", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", gen_p = "u", dat_p = "u", acc_mp_pers = "u", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ę", ins_p = { "oma", "u" }, loc_p = "u", }, ["ędziesiąt"] = { -- parędziesiąt nom_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", gen_p = "udziesięciu", dat_p = "udziesięciu", acc_mp_pers = "udziesięciu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ędziesiąt", ins_p = { "udziesięciu", { "udziesięcioma", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "udziesięciu", }, ["ęnaście"] = { -- paręnaście nom_mp_pers = "unastu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", gen_p = "unastu", dat_p = "unastu", acc_mp_pers = "unastu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęnaście", ins_p = { "unastoma", "unastu" }, loc_p = "unastu", }, ["ęset"] = { -- paręset nom_mp_pers = "uset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", gen_p = "uset", dat_p = "uset", acc_mp_pers = "uset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ęset", ins_p = { "uset", { "omaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "uset", }, ["ści"] = { -- czterdzieści, trzydzieści nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ści", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["ście"] = { -- czternaście, dziewiętnaście, jedenaście, naście, osiemnaście, ośmnaście, piętnaście, siedemnaście, siedmnaście, szesnaście, trzynaście nom_mp_pers = "stu", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", gen_p = "stu", dat_p = "stu", acc_mp_pers = "stu", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "ście", ins_p = { "stoma", "stu" }, loc_p = "stu", }, ["śmset"] = { -- ośmset nom_mp_pers = "śmiuset", nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, gen_p = "śmiuset", dat_p = "śmiuset", acc_mp_pers = "śmiuset", acc_p_not_mp_pers = { "siemset", "śmset" }, ins_p = { "śmiuset", { "śmiomaset", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = "śmiuset", }, } data.collective_rules = { ["e"] = { -- dwoje, oboje, obydwoje, obydwoje, troje nom_p = "e", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "e", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "e", }, ["o"] = { -- czterdzieścioro, czternaścioro, czworo, dwadzieścioro, dwanaścioro, dziesięcioro, dziewiętnaścioro, dziewięcioro, dziewięćdziesięcioro, jedenaścioro, kilkoro, kilkadziesięcioro, kilkanaścioro, naścioro, ośmioro, osiemdziesięcioro, osiemnaścioro, ośmdziesięcioro, ośmnaścioro, piętnaścioro, pięcioro, pięćdziesięcioro, siedmioro, siedemdziesięcioro, siedemnaścioro, siedmdziesięcioro, siedmnaścioro, szesnaścioro, sześcioro, sześćdziesięcioro, trzydzieścioro, trzynaścioro nom_p = "o", gen_p = "ga", dat_p = "gu", acc_p = "o", ins_p = "giem", loc_p = "gu", voc_p = "o", }, } --[==[ The noun groups, keyed `GENDER KIND NUMBER NOMINATIVE` (e.g. `m-pr common sg `, `f common sg a`, `n place pl y`): * `copies`: the slots that take the forms of another slot (e.g. `acc_s = "gen_s"`). * `rules`: the forms of each slot, by the ending of the stem (`""` is the default). A slot's forms are an ending (a string) or a list of endings, and an ending given as a table can name a `stem` alternation and a `note`. ]==] data.noun_groups = { ["f common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["edź"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nt"] = { gen_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["oć"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["rś"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "" }, ["tać"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ódź"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ęś"] = { ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ń"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["acz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["all"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ans"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["arł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ast"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["bni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["cn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["cni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["cow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = { "", "y" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["czi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["czm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["dow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dż"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ebn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecn"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["fi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["fl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["g"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["gl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["hi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["hl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["hni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["how"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["ij"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ion"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["izd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["izi"] = { voc_s = "u" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jog"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["jom"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ki"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["kk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ksz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["ml"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mow"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y" }, ["msz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["nan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ni"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["nni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["nod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", nom_p = "a" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oj"] = { dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "", gen_s = "ej" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["otw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźb"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oźn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["p"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["pl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["pow"] = { voc_s = "a" }, ["r"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["raż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["rzn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["rąż"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["s"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["sc"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["si"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["skr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["szw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ti"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tod"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uni"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "u" }, ["uzd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["wol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["wsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["zd"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zdr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, gen_s = "" }, ["zl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["zz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ój"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąt"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ępi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ęż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "y" }, ["łbi"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "" }, ["łob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ńsk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ści"] = { voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["źn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["źni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["żi"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } } }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["żni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["żon"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { acc_s = { "ą", stem = "palatal" } }, ["can"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["san"] = { acc_s = { "ę", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, }, }, ["f given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["bi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["fi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_p = { { "", stem = "final_soft" }, { "", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["ki"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["mi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["nc"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["nul"] = { gen_p = "", voc_s = "u" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["f given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["f place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" } }, ["ać"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eś"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "reduced+soft" }, { "e", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, ins_s = { "ą", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ść"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f place sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["ani"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ask"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["asn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["aw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["ck"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["czn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["di"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["dn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["dw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["el"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["eni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["enn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ew"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ewn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ez"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eśn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["g"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["gi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "" }, ["ibi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ini"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["iw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["iz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["kw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["li"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["ln"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["lw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["lz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mbi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["mż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ob"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["odz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ojn"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["omn"] = { acc_s = { "ą", "ę" }, dat_p = { "om", "ym" }, dat_s = { "ej", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_p = { "", "ych" }, gen_s = { "ej", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "ymi" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ych" }, nom_p = { "e", "y" }, voc_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["oni"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, gen_s = "i" }, ["opn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["osz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["prz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["rw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = { "", "i" } }, ["szn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["tcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ti"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["tn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["uj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["usk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["wcz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yni"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["yst"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["zw"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", voc_s = "a" }, ["ąck"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąsk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęcz"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "", "y" } }, ["ęk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y" }, ["żn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["f place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["f proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-a" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["EP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["M"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OK"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-iem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-i" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["PR"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["S"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "", "-etom" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu" }, ins_p = { "", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, }, }, ["f proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", gen_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["e"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "i", { "j", note = "archaic" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, nom_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["f surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, }, }, ["f surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["adł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ajn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ak"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["an"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["awn"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["azł"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["b"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["bk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["dk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["dni"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "m", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", voc_s = "a" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["dzk"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iej", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iej", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich", nom_p = "ie", voc_s = "a" }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["en"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["esk"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["fk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["gł"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["h"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["ian"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["in"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["izn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["jew"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["jk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["jn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["kat"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "i", gen_p = { "", "i" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["lan"] = { acc_s = "ą", gen_s = "ej", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["lk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["mk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e" }, ["nk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ok"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["on"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["osk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["osn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["own"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["p"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["pk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["rk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["tk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["uk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["un"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["w"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["wan"] = { acc_s = "ą", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "ej", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ej", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "a" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["wk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["wn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["x"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["y"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["yk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["yn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["zk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["zł"] = { gen_p = "ych" }, ["ąk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ćk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ęk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["łk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["łn"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["ńk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["śk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, ["ż"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "y", gen_p = "", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["żk"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "i", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["f surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = {}, ins_p = { "m", stem = "fronted" }, ins_s = {}, loc_p = {}, loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "dziadków", stem = "irregular" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "zym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "zych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "zymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "zych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", loc_p = "ich" }, }, }, ["m-pr common pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["al"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ard"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ast"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["aść"] = { dat_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, ins_s = "ą", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bp"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, { "ze", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["cz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["dan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów", { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["dr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dur"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["dyw"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = { "", "s" }, gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = { "", "s" }, voc_s = "" }, ["eb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ep"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eus"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["eń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["fel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ger"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["han"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["hot"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ib"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["icz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ieć"] = { loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ień"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["iks"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ior"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ir"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["iz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["jas"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["jor"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["kok"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["kon"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["kup"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = "i", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["lan"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["lar"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["len"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["leń"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lub"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["mp"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["nel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ng"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nin"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "truncated" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "truncated" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "truncated" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "truncated" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "truncated" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "truncated+palatal" } }, ["nuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nuś"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ob"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ont"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ord"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["pan"] = { dat_s = "u", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["pis"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rab"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["rb"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rl"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ruk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } } }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["san"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sik"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["sul"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tr"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["trz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["tur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["uaw"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ud"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wed"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wun"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yr"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["zcz"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zes"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["zeń"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zuk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["zym"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ódz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ójt"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = "ów", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ąb"] = { nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", voc_s = "u" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e", voc_s = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ę"] = { dat_p = "tom", dat_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, depr_p = "ta", gen_p = { "t", stem = "lengthened" }, gen_s = { "cia", note = "dated" }, ins_p = "tami", ins_s = { "ciem", note = "dated" }, loc_p = "tach", loc_s = { "ciu", note = "dated" }, nom_p = "ta", voc_s = "" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łuk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["łup"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_s = "u" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, ["żer"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["żeń"] = { nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["b"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["bi"] = { ins_s = { "ą", { "m", note = "dated" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "y" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["f"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "ę" }, dat_s = { "", "emu" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "", "ego" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["id"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "owie" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ped"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ri"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ór"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "ów" } }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e", nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ac"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["as"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["bol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["dl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ec"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["el"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["eśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["gl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["hol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego" }, ["ic"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["iol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["is"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iśc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["kol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["nc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["os"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["pl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["rl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["uc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["us"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["wol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "i" }, ["yc"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ys"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęs"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, ["źn"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "iowie" }, ["żl"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gol"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "e", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["h"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["m"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ol"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["p"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["s"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["z"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "a", "y" }, gen_s = "y", ins_s = "ą", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["arz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["asz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["aż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["brz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["drz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_p = "i" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["eż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["irz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["mcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["on"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["oż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["pcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ron"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["soł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["tcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["udz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["urz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["usz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["uż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ydz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["yż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ęż"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["łon"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["źcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["żcz"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["aak"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, ["dot"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eg"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ew"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["ier"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["jan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["las"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lf"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["op"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "y", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ros"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["s"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ses"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["st"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["tan"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ur"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["van"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["wer"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["weł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "spelled" } }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["yp"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zor"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, { "owie", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąd"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", loc_s = "u", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = { "i", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "owie" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["at"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "onowi", depr_p = "ony", gen_p = "onów", gen_s = "ona", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "onem", loc_p = "onach", loc_s = "onie", nom_p = "onowie", voc_s = { "o", "onie" } }, ["c"] = { depr_p = "o", ins_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["e"] = { depr_p = { "a", "o" }, loc_s = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" }, voc_s = { "o", "u" } }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, ["r"] = { voc_s = "o" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr given sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rr"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "y'emu" }, depr_p = { "e", "y'e" }, gen_s = { "ego", "y'ego" }, nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "ów", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie", voc_p = "owie", voc_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_p = { "e", "owie" }, voc_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { depr_p = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e", voc_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "gen_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["acz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ai"] = { dat_s = { "emu", "owi" }, gen_s = { "a", "ego" } }, ["az"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cu"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["dz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "mu", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "go", ins_p = "", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "" }, ["eau"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "e", { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { "u", { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["eu"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, dat_s = { "", "mu" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, gen_s = { "", "go" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, nom_p = "" }, ["ez"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", { "om", stem = "reduced" } }, dat_s = { "owi", { "owi", stem = "reduced" } }, depr_p = { "y", { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_p = { "ów", { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "reduced" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" } }, nom_p = { "owie", { "owie", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["gh"] = { depr_p = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = { "m", "om" }, dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_p = { "ch", "ów" }, gen_s = "", ins_p = { "ami", "mi" }, ins_s = { "em", "m" }, loc_p = { "ach", "ch" }, loc_s = { "m", "u" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["iel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ieu"] = { loc_s = { "", "m" } }, ["ieł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ii"] = { dat_p = { "", "m" }, depr_p = "", gen_p = { "", "ch" }, ins_p = { "", "mi" }, ins_s = { "", "m" }, loc_p = { "", "ch" }, loc_s = { "", "m" }, nom_p = "" }, ["iz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["jc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", ins_s = "iem" }, ["kój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["lcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["lz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ncz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["nz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ocz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["oe"] = { dat_s = "", gen_s = "", ins_s = "", loc_s = "" }, ["oz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["que"] = { dat_p = "'om", gen_p = "'ów", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["rcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["reć"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "reduced" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "reduced" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "reduced" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "reduced" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "reduced" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "reduced" }, "owie" } }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "ami", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", { "em", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_p = { "ach", { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, { "u", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["rz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["rót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, depr_p = { "", "y" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "a" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "owie" } }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ucz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ue"] = { dat_s = "'owi", gen_s = "'a", loc_s = "'u" }, ["ues"] = { dat_p = "'om", dat_s = "'owi", gen_p = "'ów", gen_s = "'a", ins_p = "'ami", loc_p = "'ach", loc_s = "'u", nom_p = "'owie" }, ["ugh"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["wec"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["y"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ycz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["yz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["z"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["zcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ól"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "e", stem = "shortened" }, "e" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "u", stem = "shortened" }, "u" }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, depr_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "owie", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "shortened" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, "owi" }, depr_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, "y" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, "ów" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, "a" }, ins_p = { { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, "ami" }, ins_s = { { "em", stem = "shortened" }, "em" }, loc_p = { { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { { "owie", stem = "shortened" }, "owie" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ącz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ąz"] = { depr_p = "y", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["ć"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["ęcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "owie" }, ["łcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ń"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ńcz"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["ś"] = { depr_p = "e", nom_p = { "e", "owie" } }, ["ź"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "y", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["cz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["dz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["g"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "" }, ["j"] = { depr_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { depr_p = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["pi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["ri"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["rz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["sz"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, ["wi"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_s = "i" }, ["x"] = { dat_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" } }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "i", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "i" }, ["yzm"] = { dat_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["zm"] = { dat_s = "ie" }, ["ż"] = { dat_s = "y", depr_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "i", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["gn"] = { depr_p = "e'e", loc_s = "e'u", voc_s = "e'u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ion"] = { depr_p = "e", voc_s = "e" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ow"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rt"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "owie", voc_s = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'y", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", nom_p = "e'owie" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = "e'e", gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'owie", voc_s = "e'u" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ak"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["c"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["czk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["d"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["dk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["f"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["g"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["hk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = { "i", "owie" } }, ["lk"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ok"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["r"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["s"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["t"] = { nom_p = { "i", "iowie" } }, ["tk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["z"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "owie", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["śk"] = { nom_p = { { "y", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = "i", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "owie" }, ["and"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["b"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "y" } }, ["ejn"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["ett"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["h"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["i"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["ied"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["j"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["jd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["l"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = "e", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["mb"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["n"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ng"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "i", "o" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "i", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "iem", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["nt"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o", "ę" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o", "owi" }, depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o", "ą" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "o", "owie" } }, ["od"] = { gen_s = { "a", "o" } }, ["ott"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["p"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["r"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["rd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["rr"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em" }, ["s"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "a" }, ["sc"] = { dat_p = "o", gen_p = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ss"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_s = "owi", ins_s = "em" }, ["t"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["ud"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["w"] = { depr_p = { "o", "y" }, gen_s = { "a", "o", "y" } }, ["yd"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["z"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", "y" }, depr_p = "e", gen_s = { "a", "y" }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" }, loc_s = { "u", "y" } }, ["zad"] = { acc_s = { "a", "ę" }, dat_s = { "owi", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ins_s = { "em", "ą" } }, ["ł"] = { depr_p = "y", gen_s = "y" }, ["łd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, ["ńd"] = { gen_s = "y" }, }, }, ["m-pr surname sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "gen_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = "e", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "owie" }, ["art"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["aw"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["azn"] = { nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["azł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["er"] = { nom_p = "y" }, ["ern"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, ["h"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "virile" } } }, ["iad"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["k"] = { dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = "ie", gen_s = "iego", nom_p = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["n"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["sn"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["st"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["sł"] = { nom_p = { "owie", { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["th"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["tzk"] = { dat_p = "im", gen_p = "ich", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im" }, ["w"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["yt"] = { nom_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["ér"] = { dat_s = "y'emu", depr_p = "y'e", gen_s = "y'ego", nom_p = "y" }, ["ąc"] = { nom_p = { "owie", "y" } }, ["ł"] = { nom_p = { { "i", stem = "palatal" }, "owie" } }, ["źn"] = { nom_p = "owie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["ac"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["b"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["bel"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["c"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["d"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["del"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { { "i", stem = "reduced" }, { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["e"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["eet"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["ek"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["f"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["j"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["lac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["niś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["oll"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ont"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["paw"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["r"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["raś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["rp"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["t"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tat"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" } }, ["u"] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["w"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["x"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["yś"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = "e" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ób"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { acc_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { acc_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ę", dat_p = "om", dat_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "y", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "ą", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "y", voc_s = "o" }, ["c"] = { dat_s = "y", nom_p = "e" }, ["j"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { gen_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["l"] = { dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", nom_p = "e" }, ["o"] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "a", dat_s = "a", gen_p = "a", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a", voc_s = "a" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'a", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e'y" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "o" }, ["d"] = { acc_s = { "a", "o" }, dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "owi" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "o", "y" } }, ["g"] = { acc_s = "o", dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["i"] = { voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-anml common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "ego", dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["ow"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, ["t"] = { acc_s = { "ego", "y" } }, }, }, ["m-anml given sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, }, }, ["m-anml proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ec"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, }, }, ["m-in common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["A"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["B"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["C"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["D"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["I"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["K"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["ML"] = { acc_s = { "", "-a" }, gen_p = { "-i", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-a", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["P"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["T"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = "", nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["V"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["abl"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ac"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["ail"] = { gen_p = { "i", { "ów", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["ak"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["am"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["arc"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["bl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["bor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["bul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["cal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["car"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["cer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["cik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["dal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["dej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["del"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["dol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dź"] = { acc_s = { "", { "a", stem = "shortened", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ecz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ek"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["el"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["em"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["enc"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["eol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["eor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["eus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "reduced+soft" } }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["fel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ger"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["gol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["gor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["gół"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["haj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hej"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["hel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["her"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["hol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["how"] = { gen_s = "" }, ["hyl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["hór"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ial"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["iej"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iek"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ij"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ik"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["il"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["im"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ior"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["isz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["itr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["iz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["izd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["iąc"] = { gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["iąk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["iść"] = { ins_p = "mi" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["jas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["jem"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["jm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kch"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["kej"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["ker"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kic"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["km"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["kol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["kor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["kr"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["kul"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["laż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ler"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ll"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["lol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["lor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["lus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląg"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ląt"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["m"] = { loc_s = { "ie", { "e", stem = "palatal", note = "proscribed" } } }, ["maj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["mal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["mol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["nar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["nch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["nek"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" } }, ["nel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ner"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["neż"] = { gen_p = "y", gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["nol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["nor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nur"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nyp"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["nóg"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" } }, ["nóż"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["oc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["och"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ocz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["oik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["om"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ool"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["or"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["our"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["oz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["pal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["per"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["pol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["por"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["prz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["rcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ror"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rsz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["rus"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["rąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["sal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sar"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ser"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["sh"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["sm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["sol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["tal"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["tch"] = { nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["til"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tm"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["tol"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["tus"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["tyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["uc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["uel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["um"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["unk"] = { acc_s = { "", "a" }, gen_s = "a" }, ["urz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["wl"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["wor"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["wyż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["y"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ycz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["yj"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ym"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ysz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["yz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zac"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["zcz"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["zd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zer"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zeń"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["zol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zub"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ząg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ób"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ól"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ót"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ów"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óż"] = { gen_p = { { "y", stem = "shortened" }, { "ów", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąk"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ąz"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ć"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ęs"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łat"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łup"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["łąg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ń"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ńc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ść"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+soft" }, gen_s = "a", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["żel"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["życ"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["żyk"] = { gen_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", gen_p = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "a", depr_p = {}, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "a", ins_s = "a", loc_p = "a", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "e", dat_p = "e'om", dat_s = "e'owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "e'ów", gen_s = "e'u", ins_p = "e'ami", ins_s = "e'em", loc_p = "e'ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "e'y" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e" }, ["g"] = { loc_s = "e'u", nom_p = "e'e" }, ["hon"] = { acc_s = { "e", "e'a" } }, ["ir"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["l"] = { nom_p = "e'e" }, ["lag"] = { gen_p = { "e'y", "e'ów" } }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "e'u" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "e'a" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = "i", dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["an"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ban"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["bl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["bol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["dl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["el"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["gl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["hol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["i"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["ian"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["im"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["kol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ks"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", dat_s = "i", gen_p = "i", gen_s = "i", ins_p = "i", ins_s = "i", loc_p = "i", loc_s = "i", nom_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["mul"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["n"] = { acc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nom"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["pl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ran"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["u"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["wl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["wol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["y"] = { dat_s = "jemu", gen_s = "jego", nom_p = "je" }, ["yl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ym"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["zol"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["ćm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łan"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["śl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, ["źm"] = { dat_p = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["żl"] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o", voc_s = "o" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e", voc_s = "u" }, }, }, ["m-in common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["Kum"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ab"] = { gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["adz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["aj"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ak"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["al"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["am"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["an"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ask"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["aw"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["az"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["azd"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["bcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ber"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["biń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["boń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ceń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["ck"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["d"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["der"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["doń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["duń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dyń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["dz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["eb"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["eg"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["en"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ep"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ew"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ez"] = { gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "reduced" } }, ["eń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["eść"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["gal"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["goń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["hel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ic"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ik"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["iw"] = { dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" } }, ["kok"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["las"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["lc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["leń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["lk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["lm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ng"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["nim"] = { dat_p = { { "om", stem = "palatal" }, "om" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, "owi" }, gen_p = { { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, "ów" }, nom_p = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "y" } }, ["ok"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ol"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["on"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ork"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["oł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["oś"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["ość"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" } }, ["p"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["pas"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["pcz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["r"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ral"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["rb"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["rc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["reń"] = { gen_s = { "a", { "a", stem = "reduced" } } }, ["rk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["rp"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["rsz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ryń"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" } }, ["róz"] = { gen_s = { { "a", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened" } } }, ["s"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["sk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["t"] = { gen_s = "u", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["taw"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "reduced" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "i", stem = "reduced" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "reduced" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "reduced" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "reduced" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["u"] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ub"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { { "", stem = "palatal" }, { "ów", stem = "palatal" } }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ud"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ug"] = { gen_s = { "a", "u" } }, ["uk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["um"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["us"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["uz"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["uł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["vik"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, { "u", stem = "shortened", note = "archaic" } }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = { "ów", stem = "reduced" } }, ["wil"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["yk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["yl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["yż"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["zel"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["zk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["zok"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["zyż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ząb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" } }, ["ód"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óg"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "iem", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "i", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ój"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ór"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["órz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["óz"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "shortened+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ół"] = { gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąb"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąt"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["ć"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ęc"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ędz"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" } }, ["ęk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["ęp"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "shortened" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "shortened" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "shortened" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "shortened" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "shortened" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "shortened" } }, ["łak"] = { gen_s = "u" }, ["łk"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["łm"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łom"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["łub"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["ń"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "soft" }, "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ś"] = { loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["śl"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["ź"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "soft" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = { "y", "ów" }, loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in place sg e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, acc_s = "e", dat_p = { "e", "e'om" }, dat_s = { "e", "e'owi" }, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "e", "e'ów" }, gen_s = { "e", "e'u" }, ins_p = { "e", "e'ami" }, ins_s = { "e", "e'em" }, loc_p = { "e", "e'ach" }, loc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_p = { "e", "e'y" }, voc_s = { "e", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "im", dat_s = "iemu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ich", gen_s = "iego", ins_p = "imi", ins_s = "im", loc_p = "ich", loc_s = "im", nom_p = "ie" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, loc_s = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["m-in place sg y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, }, }, ["m-in proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["AT"] = { dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" } }, ["F"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["J"] = { dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" } }, ["L"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["M"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["N"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OP"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["OT"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Ol"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-i", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, ["R"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ze", nom_p = "-y" }, ["S"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-ie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["Z"] = { dat_p = { "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = "-ecie", nom_p = { "-ety", "-y" } }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["el"] = { gen_s = "a" }, ["g"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "y" }, ["iD"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-zie", nom_p = "-y" }, ["iK"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-iem", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-i" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "iem", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "i" }, ["kot"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "" }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = { "i", "ów" }, gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "e" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["x"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "spelled" }, dat_s = { "owi", stem = "spelled" }, gen_p = { "ów", stem = "spelled" }, gen_s = { "u", stem = "spelled" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "spelled" }, ins_s = { "em", stem = "spelled" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "spelled" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "spelled+palatal" }, nom_p = { "y", stem = "spelled" } }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "owi", gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "u", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "y" }, ["Ś"] = { dat_p = "-om", dat_s = "-owi", gen_p = "-ów", gen_s = "-u", ins_p = "-ami", ins_s = "-em", loc_p = "-ach", loc_s = "-u", nom_p = "-e" }, }, }, ["n common pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n common pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["ekt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["it"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["nt"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ust"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zwi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "ym", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ych", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ych", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ani"] = { gen_p = { "", { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ins_p = { "ami", { "mi", stem = "final_soft" } } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "om", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ej"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["i"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ic"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["j"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["jc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["li"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ns"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "ów", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ri"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["sat"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, ["ąc"] = { dat_p = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ż"] = { dat_p = "om", gen_p = "y", ins_p = "ami", loc_p = "ach" }, }, }, ["n common pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ajk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach" }, ["jtk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "i", gen_p = "i", ins_p = "i", loc_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["unk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = { "om", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "ami", stem = "palatal" }, loc_p = { "ach", stem = "palatal" } }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["n"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["om"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["on"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, }, }, ["n common sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["ema"] = { dat_p = "tom", gen_p = "tów", ins_p = "tami", loc_p = "tach", nom_p = "ta" }, ["lon"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n common sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" }, gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["al"] = { dat_s = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["bi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["d"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eł"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["il"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["jni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["k"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", ins_s = "m", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "m", nom_p = "e" }, ["kni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["m"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["mi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["mil"] = { dat_p = "iom", gen_p = "iów", ins_p = "iami", loc_p = "iach", nom_p = "ia" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["nal"] = { dat_p = "e", gen_p = "e", ins_p = "e", loc_p = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["nci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["pi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["rc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["si"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["tel"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["wal"] = { dat_s = "u", gen_s = "a", ins_s = "em", loc_s = "u" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["wi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["woj"] = { dat_s = "emu", gen_s = "ego", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["zc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zi"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["é"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["ąci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", ins_s = "ym", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "ym", nom_p = "e" }, ["śni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["żci"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n common sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["a"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "colloquial" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ł", note = "colloquial" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "colloquial" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "colloquial" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "le", note = "colloquial" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "colloquial" } } }, ["al"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ant"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["at"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["atł"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["ał"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["cer"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "o", "ów" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["cz"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["dk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["dr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["e"] = { dat_p = { "o", { "om", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, gen_p = { "o", { "ów", note = "rare" } }, gen_s = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } }, ins_p = { "o", { "ami", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = { "o", { "em", note = "rare" } }, loc_p = { "o", { "ach", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = { "o", { "u", note = "rare" } }, nom_p = { "o", { "a", note = "rare" } } }, ["eg"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["end"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ent"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["est"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["eł"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["f"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["fot"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["h"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "ów", loc_s = "u" }, ["id"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["int"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["j"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["jk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["k"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { loc_s = "o" }, ["li"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ll"] = { loc_s = "u" }, ["mk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["nak"] = { dat_s = { "owi", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, nom_p = { "a", "i" } }, ["ng"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["nk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["o"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ol"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", "u" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ors"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { { "e", stem = "palatal" }, "o" }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["pol"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ps"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["re"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["red"] = { dat_p = { "o", "om" }, dat_s = { "o", "u" }, gen_p = { "", "o" }, gen_s = { "a", "o" }, ins_p = { "ami", "o" }, ins_s = { "em", "o" }, loc_p = { "ach", "o" }, loc_s = { "o", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "a", "o" } }, ["rk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["st"] = { loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["tk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["v"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["wk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["wn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["zk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["zm"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["zz"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ńk"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n common sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, ["n common sg ę"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "ętom", dat_s = "ęciu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ąt", gen_s = "ęcia", ins_p = "ętami", ins_s = "ęciem", loc_p = "ętach", nom_p = "ęta" }, ["mi"] = { dat_p = "onom", dat_s = "eniu", gen_p = "on", gen_s = "enia", ins_p = "onami", ins_s = "eniem", loc_p = "onach", nom_p = "ona" }, }, }, ["n place pl a"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ot"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["yt"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["aj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["alc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["cel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["eńc"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", gen_p = "ch", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["mc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["oj"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["olc"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["pc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["pel"] = { gen_p = { "i", "ów" } }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["rz"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["sel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["tel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ul"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["wc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["wel"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", gen_p = "ych", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych" }, ["ńc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["źc"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place pl i"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ag"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ak"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ek"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ik"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["isk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["kok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["lig"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["og"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ok"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ośk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ruk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sęk"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tok"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ug"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["uk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["yk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["zeg"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ók"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ąg"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["łak"] = { gen_p = "" }, }, }, ["n place pl y"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["ach"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["br"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["bł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["doł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["dł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["ep"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gon"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["gr"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gw"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["gł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hab"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["hł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["id"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów" } }, ["is"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["kan"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["koł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ndr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["od"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ord"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["os"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ow"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["ozd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rob"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["roz"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rąd"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["rł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["sł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["tos"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["tr"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["um"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["was"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["wł"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zch"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["zyb"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ąs"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["ład"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łod"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["łoz"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["łyn"] = { gen_p = "ów" }, ["żn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "" }, ["nd"] = { dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" } }, }, }, ["n place sg e"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "u", nom_p = "a" }, ["aci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["b"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ci"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["dni"] = { gen_p = "ch" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "e", dat_s = "e", gen_p = "e", gen_s = "e", ins_p = "e", ins_s = "e", loc_p = "e", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "e" }, ["eci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["gi"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["h"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ki"] = { dat_p = "m", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ch", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "mi", loc_p = "ch", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["l"] = { gen_p = "i" }, ["n"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ni"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "final_soft" } }, ["oci"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["oni"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["p"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["r"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["s"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["w"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["z"] = { gen_p = "y" }, ["ł"] = { dat_p = "ym", dat_s = "emu", gen_p = "ych", gen_s = "ego", ins_p = "ymi", loc_p = "ych", loc_s = "em", nom_p = "e" }, ["ż"] = { gen_p = "y" }, }, }, ["n place sg o"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "nom_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["ad"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ag"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", loc_p = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ajn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["amn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, "" } }, ["arn"] = { gen_p = { { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, "" } }, ["c"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ck"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["e"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ew"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["ewn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["g"] = { ins_s = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["hn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["i"] = { gen_p = "o", loc_s = "o" }, ["iw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["izn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["k"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" }, ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["kn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["kł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["l"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["ong"] = { ins_s = "iem", loc_s = "u" }, ["osn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" }, loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["oł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "lengthened" } }, ["pn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["sk"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["sn"] = { loc_s = "ie" }, ["st"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "fronted+palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["t"] = { dat_p = "o", dat_s = "o", gen_p = "o", gen_s = "o", ins_p = "o", ins_s = "o", loc_p = "o", loc_s = "o", nom_p = "o" }, ["tw"] = { gen_p = "" }, ["udn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["w"] = { gen_p = { "", "ów", { "", stem = "lengthened" } } }, ["ówn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_ie" } }, ["ł"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, ["łot"] = { dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p = "a" }, ["śn"] = { gen_p = { "", stem = "inserted_e" } }, }, }, ["n place sg um"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, acc_s = "um", dat_p = { "om", { "um", note = "rare" } }, dat_s = "um", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "um", gen_s = "um", ins_p = { "ami", { "um", note = "rare" } }, ins_s = "um", loc_p = { "ach", { "um", note = "rare" } }, loc_s = "um", nom_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_p = { "a", { "um", note = "rare" } }, voc_s = "um" }, }, }, ["n proper pl "] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", voc_p = "nom_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_s = {}, dat_p = "", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl e"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "e", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "e", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper pl y"] = { copies = { }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "y", acc_s = {}, dat_p = "om", dat_s = {}, depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = {}, ins_p = "ami", ins_s = {}, loc_p = "ach", loc_s = {}, nom_s = {}, voc_p = "y", voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg "] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "", dat_p = "", dat_s = "", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "", ins_p = "", ins_s = "", loc_p = "", loc_s = "", nom_p = "", voc_p = "", voc_s = "" }, ["BS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["F"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["J"] = { acc_p = { "", "-oty" }, dat_p = { "", "-otom" }, dat_s = { "", "-otowi" }, gen_p = { "", "-otów" }, gen_s = { "", "-otu" }, ins_p = { "", "-otami" }, ins_s = { "", "-otem" }, loc_p = { "", "-otach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ocie" }, nom_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_p = { "", "-oty" }, voc_s = { "", "-ocie" } }, ["L"] = { acc_p = { "", "-e" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-i" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-u" }, nom_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_p = { "", "-e" }, voc_s = { "", "-u" } }, ["N"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["OS"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ie" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ie" } }, ["R"] = { acc_p = { "", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ze" }, nom_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ze" } }, ["Z"] = { acc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, dat_p = { "", "-etom", "-om" }, dat_s = { "", "-etowi", "-owi" }, gen_p = { "", "-etów", "-ów" }, gen_s = { "", "-etu", "-u" }, ins_p = { "", "-ami", "-etami" }, ins_s = { "", "-em", "-etem" }, loc_p = { "", "-ach", "-etach" }, loc_s = { "", "-ecie" }, nom_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_p = { "", "-ety", "-y" }, voc_s = { "", "-ecie" } }, ["k"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, ["m"] = { acc_p = { "", "y" }, dat_p = { "", "om" }, dat_s = { "", "owi" }, gen_p = { "", "ów" }, gen_s = { "", "u" }, ins_p = { "", "ami" }, ins_s = { "", "em" }, loc_p = { "", "ach" }, loc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, nom_p = { "", "y" }, voc_p = { "", "y" }, voc_s = { "", { "e", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ś"] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = { "", note = "rare" }, ins_p = {}, loc_p = {}, nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg e"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = "a", dat_p = "om", dat_s = "u", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "", gen_s = "a", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "em", loc_p = "ach", loc_s = "e", nom_p = "a", voc_p = "a", voc_s = "e" }, }, }, ["n proper sg o"] = { copies = { acc_s = "nom_s" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_p = {}, dat_p = {}, dat_s = "emu", depr_p = {}, gen_p = {}, gen_s = "ego", ins_p = {}, ins_s = "ym", loc_p = {}, loc_s = "ym", nom_p = {}, voc_p = {}, voc_s = {} }, }, }, ["n proper sg um"] = { copies = { acc_p = "nom_p", acc_s = "gen_s", dat_s = "gen_s", loc_s = "dat_s", voc_p = "nom_p", voc_s = "loc_s" }, rules = { [""] = { dat_p = "om", depr_p = {}, gen_p = "ów", gen_s = "um", ins_p = "ami", ins_s = "um", loc_p = "ach", nom_p = "a" }, }, }, } ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Adjective rules -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The slots of an adjective in table order: the singular by gender column (the masculine animate and inanimate share -- most of them), then the virile and non-virile plural. data.adjective_slots = { "nom_m", "nom_f", "nom_n", "nom_mp_pers", "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "gen_mn", "gen_f", "gen_p", "dat_mn", "dat_f", "dat_p", "acc_m_an", "acc_m_in", "acc_f", "acc_n", "acc_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers", "ins_mn", "ins_f", "ins_p", "loc_mn", "loc_f", "loc_p", "short", } -- The nominative endings of an adjective's lemma (its masculine singular), which pick its group in `adjective_groups`. data.adjective_nominatives = { "y", "i" } -- The kind of an adjective, for its title and category, given by the first pattern its lemma matches. data.adjective_kinds = { { "y$", "hard" }, { "[kg]i$", "velar" }, { "", "soft" } } -- How to find the masculine of an adjectival word given in another gender (''teściowa'' → ''teściowy'', ''tania'' → -- ''tani'', ''wielkie'' → ''wielki'', and likewise a non-virile plural such as ''Zjednoczone''). Take the first ending -- of its rule gender (`plural` for a plural) that it has, and replace it with the soft masculine ending if the ending -- is `soft` or the stem ends in a letter of `soft_after`, and with the hard one otherwise. data.adjective_lemma = { endings = { f = { { "ia", soft = true }, { "a" } }, n = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, plural = { { "ie", soft = true }, { "e" } }, }, soft = "i", hard = "y", soft_after = { k = true, g = true }, } -- The endings that follow the softened consonant of a virile nominative plural (''krew|ni'', ''pols|c|y''), used to -- find the masculine of a virile adjectival word. data.virile_endings = { "", "y" } -- The noun slot that each adjective slot of an adjectival word fills, by the rule gender of the noun. `plural` is the -- plural of every rule gender except `m-pr`, whose plural is in its own entry. The vocative is the nominative. data.adjectival_slots = { ["m-pr"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", nom_p = "nom_mp_pers", acc_p = "acc_mp_pers", voc_p = "nom_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", }, ["m-anml"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_an", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, ["m-in"] = { nom_s = "nom_m", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_m_in", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_m", }, f = { nom_s = "nom_f", gen_s = "gen_f", dat_s = "dat_f", acc_s = "acc_f", ins_s = "ins_f", loc_s = "loc_f", voc_s = "nom_f", }, n = { nom_s = "nom_n", gen_s = "gen_mn", dat_s = "dat_mn", acc_s = "acc_n", ins_s = "ins_mn", loc_s = "loc_mn", voc_s = "nom_n", }, plural = { nom_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", gen_p = "gen_p", dat_p = "dat_p", acc_p = "acc_p_not_mp_pers", ins_p = "ins_p", loc_p = "loc_p", voc_p = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", }, } -- The adjective slots that always have the forms of another slot, by source slot: the dative, instrumental and -- locative feminine singular come from the genitive and accusative, the locative masculine singular from the -- instrumental, and the locative plural from the genitive. data.adjective_shared = { gen_f = { "dat_f", "loc_f" }, acc_f = { "ins_f" }, ins_mn = { "loc_mn" }, gen_p = { "loc_p" }, } -- The accusatives an adjective takes from other slots, as pairs of source and accusative. data.adjective_accusatives = { { "nom_n", "acc_n" }, { "gen_mn", "acc_m_an" }, { "nom_m", "acc_m_in" }, { "gen_p", "acc_mp_pers" }, { "nom_p_not_mp_pers", "acc_p_not_mp_pers" }, { "nom_mp_npers", "acc_mp_npers" }, { "nom_fp", "acc_fp" }, { "nom_np", "acc_np" }, } -- The last letter of an adjective stem that drops before an ending starting with the given letter (e.g. ''moj-'' + -- ''-ich'' → ''moich''). data.adjective_dropped = { j = "i" } -- The archaic dative added by `archdat` (''polsku''): its ending, added to the adjective's stem, and its footnote (a -- key of `notes`). data.archaic_dative = { "u", note = "archaic" } --[==[ The irregular adjectives of `<irreg>`, tried on the lemma in order. `pattern` captures the stem (or `stem` gives it), and each of the `sets` adds forms to the stem (plus `add`), with an optional footnote. A set's `endings` give the slots in which a regular adjective has its own forms; the other slots are shared as for every adjective (the dative, instrumental and locative feminine singular are the genitive, accusative and genitive; the locative masculine singular is the instrumental; and the locative plural is the genitive). `-` as an ending means the lemma itself. A set's `own` endings fill a slot without that sharing. `table` names a table with slots of its own (`dwa` for the plural of ''dwa'' and ''oba'', and `plonly` for the plural only). ]==] local function normal(nom_f, nom_n, nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn, gen_f, gen_p, dat_mn, dat_p, acc_f, ins_mn, ins_p) return { nom_f = nom_f, nom_n = nom_n, nom_mp_pers = nom_mp_pers, nom_p_not_mp_pers = nom_p_not_mp_pers, gen_mn = gen_mn, gen_f = gen_f, gen_p = gen_p, dat_mn = dat_mn, dat_p = dat_p, acc_f = acc_f, ins_mn = ins_mn, ins_p = ins_p, } end local DWA = { table = "dwa", sets = { { own = { nom_mp_pers = "aj", nom_mp_npers = "a", nom_fp = "ie", nom_np = "a", gen_p = { "u", "óch" }, dat_p = { "u", "om", "óm" }, ins_mnp = { "oma", "u" }, ins_fp = { "iema", "oma", "u" }, loc_p = { "u", "óch" }, }, } }, } data.irregular_adjectives = { { pattern = "^(dw)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(ob)a$", table = DWA.table, sets = DWA.sets }, { pattern = "^(.*[st]w)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*m)ój$", sets = { { add = "oj", endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, { endings = normal("a", "e", nil, "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi"), note = "literary or archaic" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*)ten$", sets = { { endings = normal("ta", "to", "ci", "te", "tego", "tej", "tych", "temu", "tym", nil, "tym", "tymi") }, { own = { acc_f = "tę" } }, { own = { acc_f = "tą" }, note = "proscribed but much more common" }, { own = { ins_f = "tą" } }, } }, -- ''tenże'' declines like ''ten'', with ''-ż'' after a vowel and ''-że'' after a consonant. { pattern = "^(.*)tenże$", sets = { { endings = normal("taż", "toż", "ciż", "też", "tegoż", "tejże", "tychże", "temuż", "tymże", nil, "tymże", "tymiż") }, { own = { acc_f = { "tęż", "tęże", "tąż", "tąże" }, ins_f = { "tąż", "tąże" } } }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*czyj)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "e", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ich", "emu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*sam)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*jed)en$", sets = { { add = "n", endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(on)$", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^ów$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^owy$", stem = "ow", sets = { { endings = normal("a", "o", "i", "e", "ego", "ej", "ych", "emu", "ym", "ą", "ym", "ymi") }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*il)e$", table = "plonly", sets = { { endings = normal(nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, nil, "u", nil, "u", nil, nil, "u") }, { own = { ins_p = "oma" }, note = "rare" }, } }, { pattern = "^(.*wszys)tek$", sets = { { add = "tk", endings = normal("a", "o", nil, "ie", "iego", "iej", "ich", "iemu", "im", "ą", "im", "imi"), archaic_dative = "u" }, { add = "c", own = { nom_mp_pers = "y" } }, } }, } --[==[ The adjective groups, keyed `adj common sg NOMINATIVE` (the lemma's ending, `y` or `i`) like the noun groups. ]==] data.adjective_groups = { ["adj common sg "] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_f = "ą", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["."] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["a"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ad"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {}, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["asz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["d"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "" }, ["e"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["en"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "reduced" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "reduced" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "reduced" }, gen_p = { "ych", stem = "reduced" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "reduced" }, ins_mn = { "ym", stem = "reduced" }, ins_p = { "ymi", stem = "reduced" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "reduced" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "reduced+palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "reduced" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "reduced" } }, ["ent"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["j"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "shortened" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "shortened" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "shortened" }, ins_f = { "ą", stem = "shortened" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "shortened" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "shortened" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "shortened" } }, ["l"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["n"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["nd"] = { nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["nt"] = { acc_f = {}, dat_mn = {}, gen_f = {}, gen_mn = {}, gen_p = {}, ins_f = {}, ins_mn = {}, ins_p = {} }, ["o"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["om"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ron"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_mp_pers = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["rt"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["w"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["yj"] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", ins_f = "ą", nom_f = "a", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["é"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, ["ż"] = { acc_f = "", dat_mn = "", gen_f = "", gen_mn = "", gen_p = "", ins_f = "", ins_mn = "", ins_p = "", nom_f = "", nom_n = "", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "" }, }, }, ["adj common sg i"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "iemu", gen_f = "iej", gen_mn = "iego", gen_p = "ich", ins_mn = "im", ins_p = "imi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "ie", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "ie" }, ["b"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["c"] = { acc_f = "ią", nom_f = "ia", nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["f"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["i"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["ks"] = { acc_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["l"] = { dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["m"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["n"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["p"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["s"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["u"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["w"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, ["y"] = { acc_f = "ją", dat_mn = "jemu", gen_f = "jej", gen_mn = "jego", nom_f = "ja", nom_mp_pers = "i", nom_n = "je", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "je" }, ["z"] = { acc_f = { "ą", stem = "palatal" }, dat_mn = { "emu", stem = "palatal" }, gen_f = { "ej", stem = "palatal" }, gen_mn = { "ego", stem = "palatal" }, gen_p = { "ch", stem = "palatal" }, ins_mn = { "m", stem = "palatal" }, ins_p = { "mi", stem = "palatal" }, nom_f = { "a", stem = "palatal" }, nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = { "e", stem = "palatal" }, nom_p_not_mp_pers = { "e", stem = "palatal" } }, }, }, ["adj common sg y"] = { copies = { acc_m_an = "gen_mn", acc_m_in = "nom_m", acc_mp_pers = "gen_p", acc_n = "nom_n", acc_p_not_mp_pers = "nom_p_not_mp_pers", dat_f = "gen_f", dat_p = "ins_mn", ins_f = "acc_f", loc_f = "gen_f", loc_mn = "ins_mn", loc_p = "gen_p" }, rules = { [""] = { acc_f = "ą", dat_mn = "emu", gen_f = "ej", gen_mn = "ego", gen_p = "ych", ins_mn = "ym", ins_p = "ymi", nom_f = "a", nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" }, nom_n = "e", nom_p_not_mp_pers = "e" }, ["c"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["dzn"] = { nom_mp_pers = "i" }, ["h"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["on"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["r"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "y", stem = "palatal" } }, ["ron"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["soł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "fronted+palatal" } }, ["sz"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "virile" } }, ["won"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["z"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["ł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "i", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łon"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal" } }, ["łzł"] = { nom_mp_pers = { { "i", stem = "virile" }, { "i", stem = "palatal" } } }, ["ż"] = { nom_mp_pers = "y" }, ["żd"] = { nom_mp_pers = { "", stem = "palatal", note = "rare" } }, }, }, } return data 0jg1bgfw4vodpry1mp4qxuhupen3ahw Từ tái tạo:Tiếng Ấn-Âu nguyên thủy/bʰidʰtós 0 421369 2573399 2573335 2026-10-25T13:05:47Z Hiyuune 50834 2573399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{reconstructed}} =={{langname|ine-pro}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{root|ine-pro|ine-pro|*bʰeydʰ-}} {{etymon|ine-pro|:af|*bʰeydʰ-<id:tin tưởng>|*-tós<id:tính động từ>|id=tin tưởng}} Từ {{suffix|ine-pro|*bʰeydʰ-|t1=tin tưởng|*-tós|pos2=hậu tố tính động từ}}. ==={{section|adj}}=== {{head|ine-pro|Tính từ|head=*bʰidʰtós}}<ref name="NIL">{{R:ine:NIL|*bʰei̯dʰ-|12|passage=*bʰidʰ-tó-}}</ref> # [[tin tưởng|Tin tưởng]], đáng [[tin cậy]]. ===={{section|infl}}==== {{ine-decl-adj|bʰidʰtó}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|grk-pro|*pitstós}} ** {{desc|grc|πιστός}} * {{desc|itc-pro|alt=*feissos}}<ref>{{R:la:Leppanen:2019|page=36|passage=*bʰidʰˢ-tó-}}</ref> ** {{desc|la|fīsus|t=tin tưởng}} ** {{desc|xum|unc=1|𐌚𐌉𐌔𐌄}}<ref>{{R:itc:EDL|page=218|head=fīdō, -ere|passage=*bʰidto-}}</ref> ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:gem:PIEPG|page=162}} [[en:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰidʰtós]] 7goe5i878fxtub77us3xp3zkmaqasuy njurens 0 421388 2573389 2026-10-25T12:22:01Z Kelly zhrm 58416 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||gen|def|s}}” 2573389 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||gen|def|s}} mt8u49qi4u6mvban2jckby6nrrgfbf3 njuren 0 421389 2573390 2026-10-25T12:23:01Z Kelly zhrm 58416 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||def|s}}” 2573390 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||def|s}} o35ikaw3h80j3id1frzxhl5vslbsavo njurars 0 421390 2573391 2026-10-25T12:23:30Z Kelly zhrm 58416 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||gen|indef|p}}” 2573391 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||gen|indef|p}} 8xfzt0cszd10fjrl9xt0qywqcz4bfpq njurarnas 0 421391 2573392 2026-10-25T12:23:50Z Kelly zhrm 58416 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||gen|def|p}}” 2573392 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||gen|def|p}} hruys149rl4s5wxvtq62n6aow2olqp3 njurar 0 421392 2573393 2026-10-25T12:24:29Z Kelly zhrm 58416 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||indef|p}}” 2573393 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||indef|p}} qthjom9f9ru6bp5okwnradlxt4g1a93 njurarna 0 421393 2573394 2026-10-25T12:24:47Z Kelly zhrm 58416 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||def|p}}” 2573394 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sv}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|sv|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{noun form of|sv|njure||def|p}} m3j54ipqey6do1g8l75ultie31bp8y5 Mô đun:chemical element list/data/km 828 421394 2573396 2026-10-25T12:56:34Z TheHighFighter2 42988 Trang mới: “local export = {} export.elements = { [1] = { name = "អ៊ីដ្រូសែន" }, [2] = { name = { "អេល្យូម", "អ៊ីល្យូម" } }, [3] = { name = "លីច្យូម" }, [4] = { name = "បេរីល្យូម" }, [5] = { name = "បរ" }, [6] = { name = { "កាបូន", "ការបោន" } }, [7] = { name = "អាសូត" }, [8] = { name = "អុកស៊ីហ្សែន" }, [9] = { name = "ភ្លុយអ…” 2573396 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} export.elements = { [1] = { name = "អ៊ីដ្រូសែន" }, [2] = { name = { "អេល្យូម", "អ៊ីល្យូម" } }, [3] = { name = "លីច្យូម" }, [4] = { name = "បេរីល្យូម" }, [5] = { name = "បរ" }, [6] = { name = { "កាបូន", "ការបោន" } }, [7] = { name = "អាសូត" }, [8] = { name = "អុកស៊ីហ្សែន" }, [9] = { name = "ភ្លុយអរ" }, [10] = { name = "នេអុង" }, [11] = { name = { "សូដ្យូម", "សូឌីយ៉ូម" } }, [12] = { name = "ម៉ាញ៉េស្យូម" }, [13] = { name = "អាលុយមីញ៉ូម" }, [14] = { name = "ស៊ីលីស្យូម" }, [15] = { name = "ហ្វូស្វ័រ" }, [16] = { name = "ស្ពាន់ធ័រ" }, [17] = { name = "ក្លរ" }, [18] = { name = "អាកុង" }, [19] = { name = { "កាល្យូម", "ប៉ូតាស្យូម" } }, [20] = { name = "កាល់ស្យូម" }, [21] = { name = "ស្កង់ដ្យូម" }, [22] = { name = "ទីតាន" }, [23] = { name = "វ៉ាណាដ្យូម" }, [24] = { name = "ក្រូម" }, [25] = { name = "ម៉ង់កាណែស" }, [26] = { name = { "ដែក", "អយ", "អយោ" } }, [27] = { name = "កូបាល" }, [28] = { name = "នីកែល" }, [29] = { name = { "ទង់ដែង", "ស្ពាន់" } }, [30] = { name = "ស័ង្កសី" }, [32] = { name = "ស៊ែម៉ាញ៉ូម" }, [33] = { name = "អាសេនិក" }, [34] = { name = "សេលេញ៉ូម" }, [35] = { name = "ប្រូម" }, [36] = { name = "គ្រីបតុង" }, [37] = { name = "រុយប៊ីដ្យូម" }, [38] = { name = "ស្ត្រុងចូម" }, [39] = { name = "អ៊ីទ្រីយ៉ូម" }, [40] = { name = "សៀកូញ៉ូម" }, [41] = { name = "ញ៉ូប្យូម" }, [42] = { name = "ម៉ូលីបដែន" }, [43] = { name = "តិចនេចូម" }, [44] = { name = "រុយតេញ៉ូម" }, [45] = { name = "រ៉ូដ្យូម" }, [46] = { name = "ប៉ាឡាដ្យូម" }, [47] = { name = "ប្រាក់" }, [48] = { name = "កាត់ម្យូម" }, [49] = { name = "អាំងដ្យូម" }, [50] = { name = "ប៉ាហាំង" }, [51] = { name = "អង់ទីម៉ាន់" }, [52] = { name = "តែលួ" }, [53] = { name = { "អ៊ីយ៉ូត", "អយោត" } }, [54] = { name = "សេណុង" }, [55] = { name = "សេស្យូម" }, [56] = { name = "បារ៉្យូម" }, [57] = { name = "ឡង់តាន" }, [58] = { name = "សេរ៉្យូម" }, [59] = { name = "ប្រាសេអូឌឹម" }, [60] = { name = "នេអូឌឹម" }, [61] = { name = "ប្រូមេចូម" }, [62] = { name = "សាម៉ារ្យ៉ូម" }, [63] = { name = "អឺរ៉ូព្យ៉ូម" }, [64] = { name = "កាដូលីញ៉ូម" }, [65] = { name = "ទែប្យូម" }, [66] = { name = "ឌីសប្រូស្យូម" }, [67] = { name = "អុលម៉្ញូម" }, [68] = { name = "អែប្យូម" }, [69] = { name = "ទុយល្យូម" }, [70] = { name = "អ៊ីទែប្យូម" }, [78] = { name = "ប្លាទីន" }, [79] = { name = { "មាស", "សុវណ្ណ" } }, [80] = { name = "បារត" }, [82] = { name = { "សំណភក់", "សំណប៉ាហាំង" } }, [92] = { name = "អ៊ុយរ៉ាញ៉ូម" }, } return export 0wqypuq6ymcsspmpk4r60hh8q59l3ox សូដ្យូម 0 421395 2573397 2026-10-25T12:57:53Z TheHighFighter2 42988 Trang mới: “=={{langname|km}}== {{chemical element box|km}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{ety|km|:bor|fr:sodium|tree=1}} {{bor+|km|fr|sodium}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{km-IPA|សូ-ដ្យូម}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{km-noun}} # [[natri|Natri]]. ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:km:KhmerDict}} {{C|km|Kim loại}}” 2573397 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|km}}== {{chemical element box|km}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{ety|km|:bor|fr:sodium|tree=1}} {{bor+|km|fr|sodium}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{km-IPA|សូ-ដ្យូម}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{km-noun}} # [[natri|Natri]]. ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{R:km:KhmerDict}} {{C|km|Kim loại}} 51pmbypzucehot741dtot2bvxtg9l0f Bản mẫu:R:km:KhmerDict 10 421396 2573400 2026-10-25T13:06:20Z TheHighFighter2 42988 Trang mới: “{{#invoke:quote|call_template | km | worklang = km | template = cite-web | year = 2023<!-- 2570 B.E. -->–nay | author = Yath, Seanghay | entryurl = https://khmerdict.com/{{urlencode:{{{1|{{pagename}}}}}}} | entry = {{{1|{{pagename}}}}} | work = khmerdict.com }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{tcat}}{{documentation}}</noinclude>” 2573400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:quote|call_template | km | worklang = km | template = cite-web | year = 2023<!-- 2570 B.E. -->–nay | author = Yath, Seanghay | entryurl = https://khmerdict.com/{{urlencode:{{{1|{{pagename}}}}}}} | entry = {{{1|{{pagename}}}}} | work = khmerdict.com }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{tcat}}{{documentation}}</noinclude> cwhbpzajjl2jwqr772xctlsg2wmwcyw பிலிப்பீன்சு 0 421397 2573405 2026-10-25T14:12:55Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ta}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{ta-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ta-proper noun}} # {{alt form|ta|பிலிப்பைன்ஸ்}}: {{tcl|ta|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ta-decl|num=sg}}” 2573405 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ta}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== {{ta-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ta-proper noun}} # {{alt form|ta|பிலிப்பைன்ஸ்}}: {{tcl|ta|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ta-decl|num=sg}} 7uumjeqc1f4ttvwkf0qla6ods8axa7x ფილიპინები 0 421398 2573406 2026-10-25T14:13:38Z Hiyuune 50834 + ka 2573406 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ka}}== {{wp|ka:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ka-IPA}} * {{ka-hyphen}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ka-proper noun}} # {{tcl|ka|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ka-decl-noun|-}} 6rg6d5wqiu5gahjwuh9jvln9i6jp423 Filipíny 0 421399 2573408 2026-10-25T14:17:18Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{also|Filipiny}} =={{langname|cs}}== {{wp|cs:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} * {{rhymes|cs|iːnɪ|s=4}} * {{hyph|cs|Fi|li|pí|ny}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{cs-proper noun|f-p|adj=filipínský|dem=Filipínec|fdem=Filipínka}} # {{tcl|cs|Philippines|id=Q928|place_official=cs:Filipínská republika}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|f.pl}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|cs|filipínština<g:f>}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:cs:KNLA}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{…” 2573408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Filipiny}} =={{langname|cs}}== {{wp|cs:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} * {{rhymes|cs|iːnɪ|s=4}} * {{hyph|cs|Fi|li|pí|ny}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{cs-proper noun|f-p|adj=filipínský|dem=Filipínec|fdem=Filipínka}} # {{tcl|cs|Philippines|id=Q928|place_official=cs:Filipínská republika}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|f.pl}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|cs|filipínština<g:f>}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:cs:KNLA}} * {{R:cs:SSJC}} * {{R:cs:ASSC|Filipíny|0/37871}} * {{R:cs:IJP}} =={{langname|sk}}== {{wp|sk:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{sk-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{sk-proper noun|f-p|adj=filipínsky|dem=Filipínec|fdem=Filipínka}} # {{tcl|sk|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{sk-ndecl|f|n=pl}} ===={{section|rel}}==== {{col|sk|filipínčina<g:f>}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/sk}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:sk:SDK}} 5udksmyjghgoj72v6j2nblieo8ay0fv Filipini 0 421400 2573409 2026-10-25T14:19:22Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|sh}}== {{wp|sh:,sr:,hr:,bs:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|sh|/filipǐːni/}} * {{hyph|sh|Fi|li|pi|ni}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{sh-propn|Filipíni|m-p|adj=filìpīnskī|dem=Filipínac|fdem=Filìpīnka}} # {{tcl|sh|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun-plural |Filipini |Filipina |Filipinima |Filipine |Filipini |Filipinima |Filipinima }} =={{langname|sl}}== {{wp|sl:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|Filipȋni}} ==={{sectio…” 2573409 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|sh}}== {{wp|sh:,sr:,hr:,bs:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|sh|/filipǐːni/}} * {{hyph|sh|Fi|li|pi|ni}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{sh-propn|Filipíni|m-p|adj=filìpīnskī|dem=Filipínac|fdem=Filìpīnka}} # {{tcl|sh|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{sh-decl-noun-plural |Filipini |Filipina |Filipinima |Filipine |Filipini |Filipinima |Filipinima }} =={{langname|sl}}== {{wp|sl:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{sl-IPA|Filipȋni}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{sl-proper noun|Filipȋni|m-p}} # {{tcl|sl|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{sl-decl-noun-m|Filipín|n=pl}} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|sl|Filipínec}} / {{l|sl|Filipínka}} * {{l|sl|filipínski}} tqah61liiobjqry5e4mxgsgwkhdosvd Bản mẫu:sh-decl-noun-plural 10 421401 2573410 2026-10-25T14:25:48Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{#invoke:checkparams|error}}<!-- Validate template parameters -->{{inflection-table-top|title=Biến cách của {{m|sh|sc={{{sc|Latn}}}|{{pagename}}}}|tall=yes|palette=blue}} ! class="outer" | cách ! class="outer" | {{{pltitle|số nhiều}}} |- ! [[nominative|danh cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{ns|{{{1|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[genitive|sinh cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{gs|{{{2|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! […” 2573410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:checkparams|error}}<!-- Validate template parameters -->{{inflection-table-top|title=Biến cách của {{m|sh|sc={{{sc|Latn}}}|{{pagename}}}}|tall=yes|palette=blue}} ! class="outer" | cách ! class="outer" | {{{pltitle|số nhiều}}} |- ! [[nominative|danh cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{ns|{{{1|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[genitive|sinh cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{gs|{{{2|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[dative|dữ cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{ds|{{{3|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[accusative|cách công cụ]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{as|{{{4|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[vocative|hô cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{vs|{{{5|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[locative|định vị cách]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{ls|{{{6|&mdash;}}}}}}}} |- ! [[instrumental|cách công cụ]] | {{lang|sh|sc={{#switch:{{{sc}}}|Cyrl|Latn={{{sc}}}}}|{{{is|{{{7|&mdash;}}}}}}}} {{inflection-table-bottom}}<!-- --><noinclude>{{tài liệu}}{{tcat|ndecl}}</noinclude> r61wdyavt3qi643k0mygdj4kymbrwnt Филиппин 0 421402 2573411 2026-10-25T14:33:06Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ab}}== {{wp|ab:}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|ab|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|ab|Philippines|id=Q928}} =={{langname|tg}}== {{wp|tg:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{tg-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{tg-proper noun|fa=فیلیپین|fa2=فلیپین}} # {{tcl|tg|Philippines|id=Q928}}” 2573411 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ab}}== {{wp|ab:}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|ab|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|ab|Philippines|id=Q928}} =={{langname|tg}}== {{wp|tg:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{tg-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{tg-proper noun|fa=فیلیپین|fa2=فلیپین}} # {{tcl|tg|Philippines|id=Q928}} 74hv1z0kwsdk49k0wn22wioicxoy4zo niure 0 421403 2573412 2026-10-25T14:35:06Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|gmq-osw}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|gmq-osw|non|nýra}}, từ {{inh|gmq-osw|gem-pro|*neurô}}. ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|gmq-osw|Danh từ|g=m|head=niūre}} # [[thận]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{gmq-osw-decl-noun-an-m|niūr}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|sv|njure}}” 2573412 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|gmq-osw}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Từ {{inh|gmq-osw|non|nýra}}, từ {{inh|gmq-osw|gem-pro|*neurô}}. ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|gmq-osw|Danh từ|g=m|head=niūre}} # [[thận]]. ===={{section|decl}}==== {{gmq-osw-decl-noun-an-m|niūr}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|sv|njure}} d74rjh9klugbib2iwtxs1x6wwea19wn ʻĀina Pilipino 0 421404 2573422 2026-10-25T14:44:33Z Hiyuune 50834 + haw 2573422 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|haw}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{haw-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|haw|Danh từ riêng|head=[[ʻāina|ʻĀina]] [[Pilipino]]}} # {{tcl|haw|Philippines|id=Q928}} f2jtfqw6uqgn0771xppcs9qsuuoiba4 הפיליפינים 0 421405 2573423 2026-10-25T14:45:12Z Hiyuune 50834 + he 2573423 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|he}}== {{wp|he:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{audio|he|LL-Q9288 (heb)-Uziel302-הפיליפינים.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{he-proper noun|wv=הַפִילִיפִּינִים|g=m-p|tr=hafilipínim}} # {{tcl|he|Philippines|id=Q928}} rp3cw8a1cog97oc6mltiymkfgyh9hie Φιλιππίνες 0 421406 2573425 2026-10-25T14:48:20Z Hiyuune 50834 + el 2573425 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|grc}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== Vay mượn từ {{bor|el|es|Filipinas}} + {{af|el|-ες}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|el|/fi.liˈpi.nes/}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{el-noun-proper|f-p}} # {{tcl|el|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{el-nF-ες-2b|Φιλιππίν|Φιλιππιν}} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|el|φιλιππινέζικος}} * {{l|el|φιλιππινέζος|g=m}} * {{l|el|φιλιππινέζα|g=f}} * {{l|el|φιλιππινέζικα|gloss=tiếng Filipino|g=n-p}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/el}} ===={{section|further}}==== * {{pedia|lang=el}} 8f3kej7mp6w34d9huj6pzofphgij7on Bản mẫu:el-nF-ες-2b 10 421407 2573426 2026-10-25T14:50:32Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “<includeonly>{{el-decl-noun-pl |1={{{1}}}ες |2={{{2}}}ών |3={{{1}}}ες |4={{{1}}}ες |note={{{note|}}} }}{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Thể loại:Danh từ có biến cách như 'Μπαχάμες' tiếng Hy Lạp]]}}</includeonly><noinclude> Bản mẫu bảng biến tố cho những danh từ tiếng Hy Lạp có biến cách như '''{{m|el|Μπαχάμες}}'''. Các ví dụ khác có thể được tìm thấy trong :Thể loại:Danh từ có biến cách như '…” 2573426 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{el-decl-noun-pl |1={{{1}}}ες |2={{{2}}}ών |3={{{1}}}ες |4={{{1}}}ες |note={{{note|}}} }}{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||[[Thể loại:Danh từ có biến cách như 'Μπαχάμες' tiếng Hy Lạp]]}}</includeonly><noinclude> Bản mẫu bảng biến tố cho những danh từ tiếng Hy Lạp có biến cách như '''{{m|el|Μπαχάμες}}'''. Các ví dụ khác có thể được tìm thấy trong [[:Thể loại:Danh từ có biến cách như 'Μπαχάμες' tiếng Hy Lạp]]. Cú pháp <code><nowiki>{{el-nF-ες-2b|Μπαχάμ|Μπαχαμ}}</nowiki></code> xuất ra bảng: {{el-nF-ες-2b|Μπαχάμ|Μπαχαμ}} Danh sách đầy đủ của bản mẫu bảng biến cách khác với một dấu hiệu ngắn gọn của việc sử dụng có thể tìm thấy tại '''[[Wiktionary:Bản mẫu bảng biến tố danh từ tiếng Hy Lạp]]'''. {{tcat|ndecl}} </noinclude> nvppq1z2xf6rivbxrf7arfgcvplkqyh फ़िलीपीन्स 0 421408 2573429 2026-10-25T14:55:31Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|hi}}== ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{hi-proper noun|m}} # {{alternative spelling of|hi|फ़िलीपींस|tr={{xlit|hi|फ़िलीपीन्स}}|t=Phillipines}}” 2573429 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|hi}}== ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{hi-proper noun|m}} # {{alternative spelling of|hi|फ़िलीपींस|tr={{xlit|hi|फ़िलीपीन्स}}|t=Phillipines}} 3s3g34wny2qf8t2h5qllff4uze32upt फ़िलीपींस 0 421409 2573430 2026-10-25T14:57:04Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|hi}}== {{wp|hi:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|hi|en|Philippines}}, từ {{der|hi|fr|-}}, chính từ này dẫn xuất từ {{der|hi|es|Filipinas}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{hi-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{hi-proper noun|m|ur=فلیپینس}} # {{tcl|hi|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{hi-ndecl|<M.sg>}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|hi|फ़िलीपीनी}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/hi}}” 2573430 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|hi}}== {{wp|hi:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|hi|en|Philippines}}, từ {{der|hi|fr|-}}, chính từ này dẫn xuất từ {{der|hi|es|Filipinas}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{hi-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{hi-proper noun|m|ur=فلیپینس}} # {{tcl|hi|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{hi-ndecl|<M.sg>}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|hi|फ़िलीपीनी}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/hi}} gp6ewp2vofusv8hjd4g6yx069rzhskp 2573431 2573430 2026-10-25T14:57:21Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Từ nguyên */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573431 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|hi}}== {{wp|hi:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|hi|en|Philippines}}, từ {{der|hi|fr|-}}, chính từ này cũng dẫn xuất từ {{der|hi|es|Filipinas}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{hi-IPA}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{hi-proper noun|m|ur=فلیپینس}} # {{tcl|hi|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{hi-ndecl|<M.sg>}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|hi|फ़िलीपीनी}} ===={{section|see}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/hi}} tl4ppgk4okr0ujf8mtools3tahbi8qe ຟີລິບປິນ 0 421410 2573432 2026-10-25T14:58:05Z Hiyuune 50834 + lo 2573432 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|lo}}== {{wp|lo:ປະເທດ+}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{lo-pron|ຟີ-ລິບ-ປິນ}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{lo-proper noun}} # {{tcl|lo|Philippines|id=Q928}} igxg61mb314kcue5dhnm52j6339fp25 Philippinae 0 421411 2573433 2026-10-25T14:59:32Z Hiyuune 50834 + la 2573433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|philippinae}} =={{langname|la}}== {{wp|la:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{calque|la|es|Filipinas}}, từ {{m|la|Philippus}} + {{m|la|-īnus|īnae}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{la-IPA|Philippīnae|eccl=yes}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{la-proper noun|Philippīnae<1.loc>}} # {{lb|la|New Latin}} {{place|la|quốc gia|r/Đông Nam Á|t=Philippines}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{la-ndecl|Philippīnae<1.loc>}} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|la|philippīnēnsis}} mokrs4d6qthvxm27lzeakh088kxx7jp 비율빈 0 421412 2573435 2026-10-25T15:01:57Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ko}}== {{wp|ko:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{obor|ko|ja|比律賓|tr=Firipin}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{ko-IPA|cap=y}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ko-proper noun|hanja=比律賓}} # {{lb|ko|dated}} {{place|ko|country|r/Đông Nam Á|t=Philippines}} ===={{section|coord}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/ko}}” 2573435 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ko}}== {{wp|ko:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{obor|ko|ja|比律賓|tr=Firipin}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{ko-IPA|cap=y}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ko-proper noun|hanja=比律賓}} # {{lb|ko|dated}} {{place|ko|country|r/Đông Nam Á|t=Philippines}} ===={{section|coord}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/ko}} if5jlr6o2xuuyjxg3obywm268ztsaqi 2573436 2573435 2026-10-25T15:02:41Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Danh từ riêng */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573436 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ko}}== {{wp|ko:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{obor|ko|ja|比律賓|tr=Firipin}}. ==={{section|pron}}=== {{ko-IPA|cap=y}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ko-proper noun|hanja=比律賓}} # {{lb|ko|dated}} {{place|ko|quốc gia|r/Đông Nam Á|t=Philippines}} ===={{section|coord}}==== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/ko}} ja4z4a2gaqgui0nkw7h8rkc4ux0i352 Ghana 0 421413 2573437 2026-10-25T15:05:29Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{also|ghana|Ghaną|Ghána}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|240px|thumb|Quốc kỳ của '''Ghana''']] ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑːnə/|a=UK}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑnə/|/ˈɡænə/|a=US}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Ghana.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|En-us-Ghana.ogg|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɑːnə|s=2}} * {{rhymes|en|ænə|s=2}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun}} # {{sid|vi|Q117}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Tây Phi|officia…” 2573437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ghana|Ghaną|Ghána}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|240px|thumb|Quốc kỳ của '''Ghana''']] ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑːnə/|a=UK}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑnə/|/ˈɡænə/|a=US}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Ghana.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|En-us-Ghana.ogg|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɑːnə|s=2}} * {{rhymes|en|ænə|s=2}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun}} # {{sid|vi|Q117}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Tây Phi|official=[[cộng hòa|Cộng hòa]] Ghana}}. ===={{section|hyper}}==== * {{l|en|Subsahara}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|en|Ghallywood}} * {{l|en|Ghana-Must-Go}} * {{l|en|Ghanan}} {{q|không tiêu chuẩn}} * {{l|en|Ghanaian}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|en|a=aaghn|Gahan|Hagan}} 99ahbxsy5gnvc658og2b2zmqs0te9ls 2573439 2573437 2026-10-25T15:07:58Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Anh */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ghana|Ghaną|Ghána}} =={{langname|af}}== {{wp|af:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-Ghana.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{af-proper noun}} # {{tcl|af|Ghana|id=Q117|place_capital=af:Accra}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|af|Ghanees}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|240px|thumb|Quốc kỳ của '''Ghana''']] ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑːnə/|a=UK}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑnə/|/ˈɡænə/|a=US}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Ghana.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|En-us-Ghana.ogg|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɑːnə|s=2}} * {{rhymes|en|ænə|s=2}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun}} # {{sid|vi|Q117}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Tây Phi|official=[[cộng hòa|Cộng hòa]] Ghana}}. ===={{section|hyper}}==== * {{l|en|Subsahara}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|en|Ghallywood}} * {{l|en|Ghana-Must-Go}} * {{l|en|Ghanan}} {{q|không tiêu chuẩn}} * {{l|en|Ghanaian}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|en|a=aaghn|Gahan|Hagan}} gi7g54966y1qltk8dnahkjr6gi12ean 2573440 2573439 2026-10-25T15:10:54Z Hiyuune 50834 2573440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ghana|Ghaną|Ghána}} =={{langname|af}}== {{wp|af:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-Ghana.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{af-proper noun}} # {{tcl|af|Ghana|id=Q117|place_capital=af:Accra}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|af|Ghanees}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|240px|thumb|Quốc kỳ của '''Ghana''']] ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑːnə/|a=UK}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑnə/|/ˈɡænə/|a=US}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Ghana.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|En-us-Ghana.ogg|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɑːnə|s=2}} * {{rhymes|en|ænə|s=2}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun}} # {{sid|vi|Q117}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Tây Phi|official=[[cộng hòa|Cộng hòa]] Ghana}}. ===={{section|hyper}}==== * {{l|en|Subsahara}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|en|Ghallywood}} * {{l|en|Ghana-Must-Go}} * {{l|en|Ghanan}} {{q|không tiêu chuẩn}} * {{l|en|Ghanaian}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|en|a=aaghn|Gahan|Hagan}} =={{langname|eu}}== {{wp|eu:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{eu-pr|Gana<hyph:Gha.na>}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{eu-proper noun|in}} # {{tcl|eu|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{eu-ndecl|in.pr}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|eu|ghanatar}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:eu:Arau|38}} =={{langname|ca}}== {{wp|ca:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{audio|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Ghana.wav|a=Valencia}} * {{homophones|ca|gana}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ca-proper noun|?}} # {{tcl|ca|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|ca|ghanès}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ˈɣaː.naː/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-Ghana.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|Gha|na}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{nl-proper noun|n}} # {{tcl|nl|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|nl|Ghanees}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{pedia|lang=nl}} =={{langname|it}}== {{wp|it:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{it-pr|Ghàna}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{it-proper noun|m}} # {{tcl|it|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|it|ghanese}} =={{langname|da}}== {{wp|da:}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|da|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|da|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|da|ghaneser}} * {{l|da|ghanesisk}} 1mmvbsocpt8jlgpg9wqlrts9a009x2r 2573441 2573440 2026-10-25T15:12:25Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Đọc thêm */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ghana|Ghaną|Ghána}} =={{langname|af}}== {{wp|af:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-Ghana.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{af-proper noun}} # {{tcl|af|Ghana|id=Q117|place_capital=af:Accra}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|af|Ghanees}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|240px|thumb|Quốc kỳ của '''Ghana''']] ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑːnə/|a=UK}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑnə/|/ˈɡænə/|a=US}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Ghana.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|En-us-Ghana.ogg|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɑːnə|s=2}} * {{rhymes|en|ænə|s=2}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun}} # {{sid|vi|Q117}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Tây Phi|official=[[cộng hòa|Cộng hòa]] Ghana}}. ===={{section|hyper}}==== * {{l|en|Subsahara}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|en|Ghallywood}} * {{l|en|Ghana-Must-Go}} * {{l|en|Ghanan}} {{q|không tiêu chuẩn}} * {{l|en|Ghanaian}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|en|a=aaghn|Gahan|Hagan}} =={{langname|eu}}== {{wp|eu:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{eu-pr|Gana<hyph:Gha.na>}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{eu-proper noun|in}} # {{tcl|eu|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{eu-ndecl|in.pr}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|eu|ghanatar}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:eu:Arau|38}} =={{langname|ca}}== {{wp|ca:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{audio|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Ghana.wav|a=Valencia}} * {{homophones|ca|gana}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ca-proper noun|?}} # {{tcl|ca|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|ca|ghanès}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ˈɣaː.naː/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-Ghana.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|Gha|na}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{nl-proper noun|n}} # {{tcl|nl|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|nl|Ghanees}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{pedia|lang=nl}} =={{langname|nch}}== ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|nch|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|nch|Ghana|id=Q117}} =={{langname|it}}== {{wp|it:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{it-pr|Ghàna}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{it-proper noun|m}} # {{tcl|it|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|it|ghanese}} =={{langname|da}}== {{wp|da:}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|da|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|da|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|da|ghaneser}} * {{l|da|ghanesisk}} bsi750mgv8ziz9qkjntuo0twj9ib0dh 2573442 2573441 2026-10-25T15:12:55Z Hiyuune 50834 2573442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ghana|Ghaną|Ghána}} =={{langname|af}}== {{wp|af:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-Ghana.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{af-proper noun}} # {{tcl|af|Ghana|id=Q117|place_capital=af:Accra}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|af|Ghanees}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|240px|thumb|Quốc kỳ của '''Ghana''']] ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑːnə/|a=UK}} * {{IPA|en|/ˈɡɑnə/|/ˈɡænə/|a=US}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Ghana.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|En-us-Ghana.ogg|a=US}} * {{rhymes|en|ɑːnə|s=2}} * {{rhymes|en|ænə|s=2}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun}} # {{sid|vi|Q117}}{{place|en|quốc gia|r/Tây Phi|official=[[cộng hòa|Cộng hòa]] Ghana}}. ===={{section|hyper}}==== * {{l|en|Subsahara}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|en|Ghallywood}} * {{l|en|Ghana-Must-Go}} * {{l|en|Ghanan}} {{q|không tiêu chuẩn}} * {{l|en|Ghanaian}} ==={{section|ana}}=== * {{anagrams|en|a=aaghn|Gahan|Hagan}} =={{langname|eu}}== {{wp|eu:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{eu-pr|Gana<hyph:Gha.na>}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{eu-proper noun|in}} # {{tcl|eu|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{eu-ndecl|in.pr}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|eu|ghanatar}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{R:eu:Arau|38}} =={{langname|ca}}== {{wp|ca:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{audio|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Ghana.wav|a=Valencia}} * {{homophones|ca|gana}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ca-proper noun|?}} # {{tcl|ca|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|ca|ghanès}} =={{langname|nl}}== ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{IPA|nl|/ˈɣaː.naː/}} * {{audio|nl|Nl-Ghana.ogg}} * {{hyphenation|nl|Gha|na}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{nl-proper noun|n}} # {{tcl|nl|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|nl|Ghanees}} ==={{section|further}}=== * {{pedia|lang=nl}} =={{langname|nhn}}== ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|nhn|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|nhn|Ghana|id=Q117}} =={{langname|nch}}== ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|nch|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|nch|Ghana|id=Q117}} =={{langname|it}}== {{wp|it:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== {{it-pr|Ghàna}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{it-proper noun|m}} # {{tcl|it|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|it|ghanese}} =={{langname|da}}== {{wp|da:}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|da|Danh từ riêng}} # {{tcl|da|Ghana|id=Q117}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|da|ghaneser}} * {{l|da|ghanesisk}} rfsgdwdyrhfxbj2scug2mp20g1u9htg gạch silicat 0 421414 2573443 2026-10-25T15:15:35Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[gạch|Gạch]] không [[nung]], [[làm bằng]] [[vôi]], [[cát]] và [[nước]]. 2573443 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[gạch|Gạch]] không [[nung]], [[làm bằng]] [[vôi]], [[cát]] và [[nước]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} jah04c45bob76qyxyob8mls628vq87r 2573444 2573443 2026-10-25T15:15:54Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573444 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron|gạch|si|li|cat}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[gạch|Gạch]] không [[nung]], [[làm bằng]] [[vôi]], [[cát]] và [[nước]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 137j0veppwoblhvqthwic327adtild7 gạch thông tâm 0 421415 2573445 2026-10-25T15:17:19Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[aaa|Aaa]]. 2573445 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|gạch lỗ}} 0uq3zq4c0m7s1bffvjf22qsn5vmings 2573454 2573445 2026-10-25T15:22:30Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:proverb:# [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] để [[loại bỏ]] [[hết]] đi [[cái]] không hay, cái [[xấu]], [[giữ lại]] và [[phát huy]] cái hay, cái [[tốt]] ([[nói]] về những cái có [[giá trị]] [[văn hoá]], [[tinh thần]]) 2573454 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] để [[loại bỏ]] [[hết]] đi [[cái]] không hay, cái [[xấu]], [[giữ lại]] và [[phát huy]] cái hay, cái [[tốt]] ([[nói]] về những cái có [[giá trị]] [[văn hoá]], [[tinh thần]]) #:{{ux|vi|"Thân tàn, '''gạn đục khơi trong''', Là nhờ quân tử khác lòng người ta." (TKiều) }} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} td2rlfumae4b005inffesko9i5rz9er 2573455 2573454 2026-10-25T15:22:52Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573455 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|gạch lỗ}} 0uq3zq4c0m7s1bffvjf22qsn5vmings gại 0 421416 2573446 2026-10-25T15:18:26Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[đưa|Đưa]] đi đưa lại [[vật]] [[nhọn]] hoặc có [[cạnh]] [[sắc]] cho [[chạm]] [[sướt]] trên [[bề mặt]] của vật khác. 2573446 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[đưa|Đưa]] đi đưa lại [[vật]] [[nhọn]] hoặc có [[cạnh]] [[sắc]] cho [[chạm]] [[sướt]] trên [[bề mặt]] của vật khác. #:{{ux|vi|'''gại''' dao lên trôn bát}} #:{{ux|vi|'''gại''' đầu bút chì xuống nền xi măng}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} rdjnnzenjerah4pjbbtaza7el1yyp2s 2573453 2573446 2026-10-25T15:21:50Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Việt */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "gai"}} =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[đưa|Đưa]] đi đưa lại [[vật]] [[nhọn]] hoặc có [[cạnh]] [[sắc]] cho [[chạm]] [[sướt]] trên [[bề mặt]] của vật khác. #:{{ux|vi|'''gại''' dao lên trôn bát}} #:{{ux|vi|'''gại''' đầu bút chì xuống nền xi măng}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} s8x5u0x7wuesmah7rfgekhrrh5zl3nd gại giọng 0 421417 2573447 2026-10-25T15:19:25Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[đằng hắng|Đằng hắng]] [[thử]] [[giọng]]. 2573447 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[đằng hắng|Đằng hắng]] [[thử]] [[giọng]]. #:{{ux|vi|'''gại giọng''', rồi kể tiếp}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 97acs09yg8u4xvoba9ux5imwhw9ldka 2573448 2573447 2026-10-25T15:19:41Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573448 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[đằng hắng|Đằng hắng]] [[thử]] [[giọng]]. #:{{ux|vi|'''gại giọng''', rồi kể tiếp}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 3c40umqt3v6f114wczdhwry8iw2ioah Bahamas 0 421418 2573449 2026-10-25T15:19:52Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{also|Baħamas|Bahama's}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of The Bahamas.svg|thumb|240px|Quốc kỳ của '''Bahamas''']] ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|en|The Bahamas}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== * {{enPR|bə-hä'-məz|a=UK,US}}, {{IPA|en|/bəˈhɑː.məz/}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Bahamas.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|en-us-Bahamas.ogg|a=US}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun|head=the Bahamas}} # {{senseid|vi|Q778}}{{place|en|archipelag…” 2573449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Baħamas|Bahama's}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of The Bahamas.svg|thumb|240px|Quốc kỳ của '''Bahamas''']] ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|en|The Bahamas}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== * {{enPR|bə-hä'-məz|a=UK,US}}, {{IPA|en|/bəˈhɑː.məz/}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Bahamas.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|en-us-Bahamas.ogg|a=US}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun|head=the Bahamas}} # {{senseid|vi|Q778}}{{place|en|archipelago/and/country|r/Caribe|official=[[Commonwealth of The Bahamas|Thịnh vượng chung Bahamas]]}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|en|Bahaman|Bahamian}} ==={{section|see}}=== * {{l|en|Nassau}} {{list:quốc gia của Bắc Mỹ/en}} {{cln|en|Danh từ chỉ có số nhiều}} 6kgeyks6mpfsod6wqijr8s30lid8tfv 2573450 2573449 2026-10-25T15:20:09Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Danh từ riêng */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Baħamas|Bahama's}} =={{langname|en}}== {{wp|en:}} [[File:Flag of The Bahamas.svg|thumb|240px|Quốc kỳ của '''Bahamas''']] ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|en|The Bahamas}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== * {{enPR|bə-hä'-məz|a=UK,US}}, {{IPA|en|/bəˈhɑː.məz/}} * {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Bahamas.wav|a=UK}} * {{audio|en|en-us-Bahamas.ogg|a=US}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{en-proper noun|head=the Bahamas}} # {{senseid|vi|Q778}}{{place|en|quần đảo/và/quốc gia|r/Caribe|official=[[Commonwealth of The Bahamas|Thịnh vượng chung Bahamas]]}} ===={{section|drv}}==== {{col|en|Bahaman|Bahamian}} ==={{section|see}}=== * {{l|en|Nassau}} {{list:quốc gia của Bắc Mỹ/en}} {{cln|en|Danh từ chỉ có số nhiều}} o1mj7dwojjh2qlgbwijd0uuawk1wq3c gạn lọc 0 421419 2573451 2026-10-25T15:20:36Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] rất [[kĩ]] (thường [[nói]] về những [[cái]] có [[giá trị]] [[tinh thần]]) 2573451 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] rất [[kĩ]] (thường [[nói]] về những [[cái]] có [[giá trị]] [[tinh thần]]) #:{{ux|vi|'''gạn lọc''' lấy những câu ngạn ngữ quý}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} lqd7oemjw517lwc94fpmf4cjm7d5z2o gạn đục khơi trong 0 421420 2573456 2026-10-25T15:22:58Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 Trang mới: “=={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] để [[loại bỏ]] [[hết]] đi [[cái]] không hay, cái [[xấu]], [[giữ lại]] và [[phát huy]] cái hay, cái [[tốt]] ([[nói]] về những cái có [[giá trị]] [[văn hoá]], [[tinh thần]]) #:{{ux|vi|"Thân tàn, '''gạn đục khơi trong''', Là nhờ quân tử khác lòng người ta." (TKiều) }} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:…” 2573456 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] để [[loại bỏ]] [[hết]] đi [[cái]] không hay, cái [[xấu]], [[giữ lại]] và [[phát huy]] cái hay, cái [[tốt]] ([[nói]] về những cái có [[giá trị]] [[văn hoá]], [[tinh thần]]) #:{{ux|vi|"Thân tàn, '''gạn đục khơi trong''', Là nhờ quân tử khác lòng người ta." (TKiều) }} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} td2rlfumae4b005inffesko9i5rz9er 2573458 2573456 2026-10-25T15:24:06Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573458 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|idiom}}=== {{vi-idiom}} # [[chọn lọc|Chọn lọc]] để [[loại bỏ]] [[hết]] đi [[cái]] không hay, cái [[xấu]], [[giữ lại]] và [[phát huy]] cái hay, cái [[tốt]] ([[nói]] về những cái có [[giá trị]] [[văn hoá]], [[tinh thần]]) #:{{ux|vi|"Thân tàn, '''gạn đục khơi trong''', Là nhờ quân tử khác lòng người ta." (TKiều) }} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} iornzlmeitd728nxid1u02z8dlgleet gạnh 0 421421 2573459 2026-10-25T15:25:25Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[aa|Aa]]. 2573459 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ|ít dùng}} {{see-entry|ghẹ}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 4fhcb6dn9294a5czqmm5d4pmyuj4y6e 2573462 2573459 2026-10-25T15:27:20Z Hiyuune 50834 /* Tiếng Việt */ (sử dụng [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 2573462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ganh|gánh}} =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ|ít dùng}} {{see-entry|ghẹ}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} bpgrx4goz51ds8fae459l3ieikmws92 Kéyah Dańlíinii 0 421422 2573460 2026-10-25T15:26:14Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|nv}}== {{wp|nv:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{rfe|nv}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|nv|Danh từ riêng|head=[[kéyah|Kéyah]] [[dańlíini|Dańlíinii]]}} # {{tcl|nv|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|nv|Kéyah Dańlíinii bikáaʼgi kéédahatʼínígíí bizaad}}” 2573460 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|nv}}== {{wp|nv:}} ==={{section|etym}}=== {{rfe|nv}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{head|nv|Danh từ riêng|head=[[kéyah|Kéyah]] [[dańlíini|Dańlíinii]]}} # {{tcl|nv|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|drv}}==== * {{l|nv|Kéyah Dańlíinii bikáaʼgi kéédahatʼínígíí bizaad}} tony1jhacff8demxpu8pncpz38xe1v9 gạo châu củi quế 0 421423 2573461 2026-10-25T15:26:36Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:proverb:# [[tả tình|Tả tình]] [[hình]] [[giá cả]] [[sinh hoạt]] quá [[đắt đỏ]] ([[ví]] [[gạo]] [[quý]] như [[ngọc trai]], [[củi]] quý như [[quế]]). 2573461 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # {{lb|vi|cũ}} [[tả tình|Tả tình]] [[hình]] [[giá cả]] [[sinh hoạt]] quá [[đắt đỏ]] ([[ví]] [[gạo]] [[quý]] như [[ngọc trai]], [[củi]] quý như [[quế]]). === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 1y149zrhh08o33xqt1jix7ebs1h07dp gạo chợ nước sông 0 421424 2573463 2026-10-25T15:27:31Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:proverb:# [[tả cảnh|Tả cảnh]] [[sống]] [[nghèo túng]], [[bấp bênh]], [[ăn đong]] từng [[bữa]]. 2573463 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # [[tả cảnh|Tả cảnh]] [[sống]] [[nghèo túng]], [[bấp bênh]], [[ăn đong]] từng [[bữa]]. #:{{ux|vi|"Cũng là '''gạo chợ nước sông''', Đói no xẻ miếng, khốn cùng chia nhau." (ca dao)}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} o1h1251492fefhvsbi2434zhno2a9ij gạo giã 0 421425 2573464 2026-10-25T15:28:16Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[gạo|Gạo]] đã được [[giã]] và làm [[sạch]] [[cám]]; [[phân biệt]] với [[gạo lức]]. 2573464 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[gạo|Gạo]] đã được [[giã]] và làm [[sạch]] [[cám]]; [[phân biệt]] với [[gạo lức]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} as0eece85qnjixt6nwkng58gc08s7l2 gạo trắng nước trong 0 421426 2573465 2026-10-25T15:28:59Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:proverb:# [[tả|Tả]] [[điều kiện]] [[sinh hoạt]] [[vật chất]] [[dễ dàng]] ở một [[vùng]] [[nông thôn]] được [[thiên nhiên]] [[ưu đãi]]. 2573465 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # [[tả|Tả]] [[điều kiện]] [[sinh hoạt]] [[vật chất]] [[dễ dàng]] ở một [[vùng]] [[nông thôn]] được [[thiên nhiên]] [[ưu đãi]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} o6iq3hsmw9tiy29oqk231bsient08wo gạt lường 0 421427 2573466 2026-10-25T15:30:00Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[A]]. 2573466 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|hiếm}} {{like-entry|lường gạt}}. baweyvxjqu129tvdw8tuh2kt77w1thv gảnh 0 421428 2573468 2026-10-25T15:30:56Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[aa|Aa]]. 2573468 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ}} {{see-entry|ghểnh}} fgboxtd6l4nlcts38ay5gjsvkwrpe07 gấu trắng 0 421429 2573470 2026-10-25T15:32:47Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[gấu|Gấu]] lớn có bộ [[lông]] [[dày]] [[màu]] [[trắng]], [[phớt]] [[vàng]], không [[ngủ đông]], [[bơi]] [[lặn]] [[giỏi]], [[sống]] ở [[vùng]] [[Bắc]] [[cực|Cực]]. 2573470 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[gấu|Gấu]] lớn có bộ [[lông]] [[dày]] [[màu]] [[trắng]], [[phớt]] [[vàng]], không [[ngủ đông]], [[bơi]] [[lặn]] [[giỏi]], [[sống]] ở [[vùng]] [[Bắc]] [[cực|Cực]]. ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== * {{l|vi|gấu trắng}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 7wxin8cnlnaoim8ouvlt0t051t8e286 2573472 2573470 2026-10-25T15:33:37Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 Kateru Zakuro đã đổi [[gấu bắc cực]] thành [[gấu trắng]] (đã tắt đổi hướng) 2573470 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[gấu|Gấu]] lớn có bộ [[lông]] [[dày]] [[màu]] [[trắng]], [[phớt]] [[vàng]], không [[ngủ đông]], [[bơi]] [[lặn]] [[giỏi]], [[sống]] ở [[vùng]] [[Bắc]] [[cực|Cực]]. ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== * {{l|vi|gấu trắng}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 7wxin8cnlnaoim8ouvlt0t051t8e286 2573473 2573472 2026-10-25T15:34:27Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573473 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[gấu|Gấu]] lớn có bộ [[lông]] [[dày]] [[màu]] [[trắng]], [[phớt]] [[vàng]], không [[ngủ đông]], [[bơi]] [[lặn]] [[giỏi]], [[sống]] ở [[vùng]] [[Bắc Cực]]. ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== * {{l|vi|gấu Bắc Cực}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 4453r94am5u6gp9fv37v9uh8lz1l9ya 2573478 2573473 2026-10-25T15:37:08Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573478 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|gấu Bắc Cực}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 3jx8jzs61rtzqf6gxs11qu60stjx6g7 2573479 2573478 2026-10-25T15:37:32Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573479 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{compound|vi|gấu|trắng|t1=bear|t2=white}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|gấu Bắc Cực}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} bycsejnrqye7mp0gxc36tfzngq6eexp 2573480 2573479 2026-10-25T15:37:42Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573480 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{compound|vi|gấu|trắng}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|gấu Bắc Cực}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} nt90omm2rcihhesc17z9997vnq9py7f 2573487 2573480 2026-10-25T15:43:49Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* Tiếng Việt */ 2573487 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{compound|vi|gấu|trắng}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{syn of|vi|gấu Bắc Cực}}. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:Tratu}} ojueuoh6u0tua8w4nfwyjj7tkcpiycb 🅿 0 421430 2573471 2026-10-25T15:33:02Z TheHighFighter2 42988 Trang mới: “ {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|alt}}=== * {{alt|mul|🄿}} * {{alt|mul|🅟|Ⓟ}} * {{alt|mul|P}} ==={{ĐM|description}}=== [[File:SZ 深圳 Shenzhen 羅湖 Luohu 老街 Laojie 東門 Dongmen night May 2024 R12S 154 parking sign.jpg|thumb|Biểu tượng đỗ xe trên một biển hiệu tại {{w|La Hồ}}, {{w|Thâm Quyến}}, Trung Quốc]] Chữ {{m|mul|P}} in hoa, thường có màu trắng, nằm bên trong hình vuông màu xanh dương. ===…” 2573471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|alt}}=== * {{alt|mul|🄿}} * {{alt|mul|🅟|Ⓟ}} * {{alt|mul|P}} ==={{ĐM|description}}=== [[File:SZ 深圳 Shenzhen 羅湖 Luohu 老街 Laojie 東門 Dongmen night May 2024 R12S 154 parking sign.jpg|thumb|Biểu tượng đỗ xe trên một biển hiệu tại {{w|La Hồ}}, {{w|Thâm Quyến}}, Trung Quốc]] Chữ {{m|mul|P}} in hoa, thường có màu trắng, nằm bên trong hình vuông màu xanh dương. ==={{ĐM|glyph origin}}=== Có lẽ là một {{internationalism|mul|nocap=1}}, {{abbrev|mul||nocap=1}} của {{der|mul|fr|parcage}}, {{der|mul|de|parken}} và {{der|mul|it|posteggio}} (những ngôn ngữ chính thức của Thụy Sĩ vào thời điểm biểu tượng xuất hiện), cũng như từ {{der|mul|en|parking}}. Biểu tượng này ban đầu do {{w|lang=de|Schweizerischer Städteverband|Liên hiệp các Thành phố Thụy Sĩ}} đề xuất dưới dạng đĩa tròn màu xanh dương bao quanh chữ {{m|mul|P}} màu trắng ({{l|mul|🅟}}) để sử dụng làm biển báo giao thông tại Thụy Sĩ, sớm nhất là từ ngày 27&nbsp;tháng 4 năm 1927. Sáng kiến sau đó được giám đốc liên hiệp M.&nbsp;G.&nbsp;de Schulthess đưa ra trước Ủy ban Giao thông Đường bộ của {{w|Hội Quốc Liên}}. Tại phiên họp thứ năm, kết thúc ngày 26&nbsp;tháng 11 năm 1927, ủy ban này chính thức khuyến nghị áp dụng biểu tượng trên toàn châu Âu.<ref>{{cite-book|en|author=Committee on Road Traffic|date=29 November 1927|chapter=III. Signals|url=https://archives.ungeneva.org/comite-permanent-de-la-circulation-routiere-rapport-sur-la-5e-session-tenue-a-geneve-du-23-au-26-novembre-1927|title=Report on the 5th session, held {{...}} from November 23 to 26, 1927|publisher={{w|League of Nations}}|location={{w|Geneva}}, Switzerland|id=R1132/14/63396/19600|page=3 (105 on PDF)|platform={{w|United Nations Library & Archives Geneva}}|passage=Signal authorising the parking of vehicles:<br>A blue disc inscribed with the letter "P" in white.}}</ref><ref>{{cite-journal|en|year=2009|author=Frank Schipper|editor=Christian Lefèvre|title=Unravelling hieroglyphs: Urban traffic signs and the League of Nations|journal=Métropoles|issn=1957-7788|number=6|platform={{w|OpenEdition Journals}}|doi=10.4000/metropoles.4062}}</ref> Đà phổ biến của biểu tượng có lẽ bắt đầu từ {{w|Thế vận hội Mùa hè 1928}} diễn ra tại [[Amsterdam]], Hà Lan từ ngày 28&nbsp;tháng 7 đến 12&nbsp;tháng 8 năm 1928, khi ban tổ chức in biểu tượng này lên giấy phép đỗ xe cấp cho các quan chức và đại biểu.<ref>{{cite-book|en|year=[1928]|author=w:Netherlands Olympic Committee|editor=G. Van Rossem|translator=Sydney W. Fleming|url=https://digital.la84.org/digital/collection/p17103coll8/id/13500/rec/10|title=Official Report of the Olympic Games of 1928 Celebrated at Amsterdam|location=Amsterdam|publisher=J.H. de Bussy|platform=w:LA84 Foundation|pages=111–112}}</ref><ref>{{cite-journal|en|date=4 May 2018|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/how-amsterdam-1928-changed-the-face-of-car-parking-forever|title=How Amsterdam 1928 changed the face of car parking forever|journal=w:Olympics.com|accessdate=3 September 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821132312/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/how-amsterdam-1928-changed-the-face-of-car-parking-forever|archivedate=21 August 2025}}; note that this article incorrectly says that the parking symbol was an invention of the Netherlands Olympic Committee</ref> Đến năm 1930, biểu tượng lần đầu xuất hiện trên ấn phẩm in ấn dưới dạng {{l|mul||Ⓟ}}, trong cuốn cẩm nang ''On the Road'' do {{w|lang=en|National "Safety First" Association|Hiệp hội "An toàn là trên hết"}} phát hành tại [[London]].<ref>{{cite-book|en|date=December 1930|author=J. A. A. Pickard|title=On the Road: New Regulations, Local Bye Laws Etc.|edition=5|location=London|publisher={{w|National "Safety First" Association}}|pages=2–3}}</ref> Về mặt kỹ thuật số, {{w|Hiệp hội Unicode}} đã chính thức đưa biểu tượng này vào bộ mã chuẩn trong phiên bản {{w|Unicode&nbsp;5.2}} công bố ngày 1&nbsp;tháng 10 năm 2009.<ref>{{cite-web|url=http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/|date=1 October 2009|title=Version 5.2.0|work=w:The Unicode Standard|publisher=w:Unicode Consortium|accessdate=3 September 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261009185700/http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/|archivedate=9 October 2026}}</ref> Tuy nhiên, trước đó hai hãng công nghệ Nhật Bản là {{w|Docomo}} và {{w|SoftBank}} đã đưa biểu tượng này vào các bộ [[emoji]] trên điện thoại di động lần lượt vào tháng 1 và tháng 11&nbsp;năm 1999.<ref name="Emoji">{{R:mul:Emojipedia|P Button Emoji|🅿️}}</ref> ==={{ĐM|symbol}}=== {{head|mul|symbol}} # {{n-g|Chỉ khu vực có thể [[đỗ]] [[xe]], chẳng hạn như [[bãi đỗ xe]].}} #: {{ant|mul|🆊}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== {{reflist}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{pedia|🅿}} * {{commons inline|P icons for parking}} * {{commons inline|U+1F17F}} * {{R:mul:Emojipedia|P Button Emoji|🅿️}} d29d0uvwwufw7c5rkwbq6ci6tutg6jl 2573497 2573471 2026-10-25T15:52:52Z TheHighFighter2 42988 2573497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|alt}}=== * {{alt|mul|🄿}} * {{alt|mul|🅟|Ⓟ}} * {{alt|mul|P}} ==={{ĐM|description}}=== [[File:SZ 深圳 Shenzhen 羅湖 Luohu 老街 Laojie 東門 Dongmen night May 2024 R12S 154 parking sign.jpg|thumb|Biểu tượng đỗ xe trên một biển hiệu tại {{w|La Hồ}}, {{w|Thâm Quyến}}, Trung Quốc]] Chữ {{m|mul|P}} in hoa, thường có màu trắng, nằm bên trong hình vuông màu xanh dương. ==={{ĐM|glyph origin}}=== Có lẽ là một {{internationalism|mul|nocap=1}}, {{abbrev|mul||nocap=1}} của {{der|mul|fr|parcage}}, {{der|mul|de|parken}} và {{der|mul|it|posteggio}} (những ngôn ngữ chính thức của Thụy Sĩ vào thời điểm biểu tượng xuất hiện), cũng như từ {{der|mul|en|parking}}. Biểu tượng này ban đầu do {{w|lang=de|Schweizerischer Städteverband|Liên hiệp các Thành phố Thụy Sĩ}} đề xuất dưới dạng đĩa tròn màu xanh dương bao quanh chữ {{m|mul|P}} màu trắng ({{l|mul|🅟}}) để sử dụng làm biển báo giao thông tại Thụy Sĩ, sớm nhất là từ ngày 27&nbsp;tháng 4 năm 1927. Sáng kiến sau đó được giám đốc liên hiệp M.&nbsp;G.&nbsp;de Schulthess đưa ra trước Ủy ban Giao thông Đường bộ của {{w|Hội Quốc Liên}}. Tại phiên họp thứ năm, kết thúc ngày 26&nbsp;tháng 11 năm 1927, ủy ban này chính thức khuyến nghị áp dụng biểu tượng trên toàn châu Âu.<ref>{{cite-book|en|author=Committee on Road Traffic|date=29 November 1927|chapter=III. Signals|url=https://archives.ungeneva.org/comite-permanent-de-la-circulation-routiere-rapport-sur-la-5e-session-tenue-a-geneve-du-23-au-26-novembre-1927|title=Report on the 5th session, held {{...}} from November 23 to 26, 1927|publisher={{w|League of Nations}}|location={{w|Geneva}}, Switzerland|id=R1132/14/63396/19600|page=3 (105 on PDF)|platform={{w|United Nations Library & Archives Geneva}}|passage=Signal authorising the parking of vehicles:<br>A blue disc inscribed with the letter "P" in white.}}</ref><ref>{{cite-journal|en|year=2009|author=Frank Schipper|editor=Christian Lefèvre|title=Unravelling hieroglyphs: Urban traffic signs and the League of Nations|journal=Métropoles|issn=1957-7788|number=6|platform={{w|OpenEdition Journals}}|doi=10.4000/metropoles.4062}}</ref> Đà phổ biến của biểu tượng có lẽ bắt đầu từ {{w|Thế vận hội Mùa hè 1928}} diễn ra tại [[Amsterdam]], Hà Lan từ ngày 28&nbsp;tháng 7 đến 12&nbsp;tháng 8 năm 1928, khi ban tổ chức in biểu tượng này lên giấy phép đỗ xe cấp cho các quan chức và đại biểu.<ref>{{cite-book|en|year=[1928]|author=w:Netherlands Olympic Committee|editor=G. Van Rossem|translator=Sydney W. Fleming|url=https://digital.la84.org/digital/collection/p17103coll8/id/13500/rec/10|title=Official Report of the Olympic Games of 1928 Celebrated at Amsterdam|location=Amsterdam|publisher=J.H. de Bussy|platform=w:LA84 Foundation|pages=111–112}}</ref><ref>{{cite-journal|en|date=4 May 2018|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/how-amsterdam-1928-changed-the-face-of-car-parking-forever|title=How Amsterdam 1928 changed the face of car parking forever|journal=w:Olympics.com|accessdate=3 September 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821132312/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/how-amsterdam-1928-changed-the-face-of-car-parking-forever|archivedate=21 August 2025}}; note that this article incorrectly says that the parking symbol was an invention of the Netherlands Olympic Committee</ref> Đến năm 1930, biểu tượng lần đầu xuất hiện trên ấn phẩm in ấn dưới dạng {{l|mul||Ⓟ}}, trong cuốn cẩm nang ''On the Road'' do {{w|lang=en|National "Safety First" Association|Hiệp hội "An toàn là trên hết"}} phát hành tại [[London]].<ref>{{cite-book|en|date=December 1930|author=J. A. A. Pickard|title=On the Road: New Regulations, Local Bye Laws Etc.|edition=5|location=London|publisher={{w|National "Safety First" Association}}|pages=2–3}}</ref> Về mặt kỹ thuật số, {{w|Hiệp hội Unicode}} đã chính thức đưa biểu tượng này vào bộ mã chuẩn trong phiên bản {{w|Unicode&nbsp;5.2}} công bố ngày 1&nbsp;tháng 10 năm 2009.<ref>{{cite-web|url=http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/|date=1 October 2009|title=Version 5.2.0|work=w:The Unicode Standard|publisher=w:Unicode Consortium|accessdate=3 September 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261009185700/http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/|archivedate=9 October 2026}}</ref> Tuy nhiên, trước đó hai hãng công nghệ Nhật Bản là {{w|Docomo}} và {{w|SoftBank}} đã đưa biểu tượng này vào các bộ [[emoji]] trên điện thoại di động lần lượt vào tháng 1 và tháng 11&nbsp;năm 1999.<ref name="Emoji">{{R:mul:Emojipedia|P Button Emoji|🅿️}}</ref> ==={{ĐM|symbol}}=== {{head|mul|symbol}} # {{n-g|Chỉ khu vực có thể [[đỗ]] [[xe]], chẳng hạn như [[bãi đỗ xe]].}} #: {{ant|mul|🆊}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== {{reflist}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{pedia|🅿}} * {{commons inline|P icons for parking}} * {{commons inline|U+1F17F}} 5vjysmr6s26uwt2ykoi9yyo01by15qy 2573516 2573497 2026-10-25T16:20:42Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* Nguồn gốc ký tự */ 2573516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|alt}}=== * {{alt|mul|🄿}} * {{alt|mul|🅟|Ⓟ}} * {{alt|mul|P}} ==={{ĐM|description}}=== [[File:SZ 深圳 Shenzhen 羅湖 Luohu 老街 Laojie 東門 Dongmen night May 2024 R12S 154 parking sign.jpg|thumb|Biểu tượng đỗ xe trên một biển hiệu tại {{w|La Hồ}}, {{w|Thâm Quyến}}, Trung Quốc]] Chữ {{m|mul|P}} in hoa, thường có màu trắng, nằm bên trong hình vuông màu xanh dương. ==={{ĐM|glyph origin}}=== Có lẽ là một {{internationalism|mul|nocap=1}}, {{abbrev|mul||nocap=1}} của {{der|mul|fr|parcage}}, {{der|mul|de|parken}} và {{der|mul|it|posteggio}} (những ngôn ngữ chính thức của Thụy Sĩ vào thời điểm biểu tượng xuất hiện), cũng như từ {{der|mul|en|parking}}. Biểu tượng này ban đầu do {{w|lang=de|Schweizerischer Städteverband|Liên hiệp các Thành phố Thụy Sĩ}} đề xuất dưới dạng đĩa tròn màu xanh dương bao quanh chữ {{m|mul|P}} màu trắng ({{l|mul|🅟}}) để sử dụng làm biển báo giao thông tại Thụy Sĩ, sớm nhất là từ ngày 27&nbsp;tháng 4 năm 1927. Sáng kiến sau đó được giám đốc liên hiệp M.&nbsp;G.&nbsp;de Schulthess đưa ra trước Ủy ban Giao thông Đường bộ của {{w|Hội Quốc Liên}}. Tại phiên họp thứ năm, kết thúc ngày 26&nbsp;tháng 11 năm 1927, ủy ban này chính thức khuyến nghị áp dụng biểu tượng trên toàn châu Âu.<ref>{{cite-book|en|author=Ủy ban Giao thông Đường bộ|date=29 November 1927|chapter=III. Signals|url=https://archives.ungeneva.org/comite-permanent-de-la-circulation-routiere-rapport-sur-la-5e-session-tenue-a-geneve-du-23-au-26-novembre-1927|title=Report on the 5th session, held {{...}} from November 23 to 26, 1927|publisher={{w|Hội Quốc Liên}}|location={{w|Geneva}}, Thụy Sĩ|id=R1132/14/63396/19600|page=3 (105 trên bản PDF)|platform={{w|lang=en|United Nations Library & Archives Geneva}}|passage=Signal authorising the parking of vehicles:<br>A blue disc inscribed with the letter "P" in white.}}</ref><ref>{{cite-journal|en|year=2009|author=Frank Schipper|editor=Christian Lefèvre|title=Unravelling hieroglyphs: Urban traffic signs and the League of Nations|journal=Métropoles|issn=1957-7788|number=6|platform={{w|lang=en|OpenEdition Journals}}|doi=10.4000/metropoles.4062}}</ref> Đà phổ biến của biểu tượng có lẽ bắt đầu từ {{w|Thế vận hội Mùa hè 1928}} diễn ra tại [[Amsterdam]], Hà Lan từ ngày 28&nbsp;tháng 7 đến 12&nbsp;tháng 8 năm 1928, khi ban tổ chức in biểu tượng này lên giấy phép đỗ xe cấp cho các quan chức và đại biểu.<ref>{{cite-book|en|year=[1928]|author=w:Ủy ban Olympic Hà Lan|editor=G. Van Rossem|translator=Sydney W. Fleming|url=https://digital.la84.org/digital/collection/p17103coll8/id/13500/rec/10|title=Official Report of the Olympic Games of 1928 Celebrated at Amsterdam|location=Amsterdam|publisher=J.H. de Bussy|platform=w:en:LA84 Foundation|pages=111–112}}</ref><ref>{{cite-journal|en|date=4 May 2018|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/how-amsterdam-1928-changed-the-face-of-car-parking-forever|title=How Amsterdam 1928 changed the face of car parking forever|journal=w:Olympics.com|accessdate=3 September 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821132312/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/how-amsterdam-1928-changed-the-face-of-car-parking-forever|archivedate=21 tháng 8 2025}}; lưu ý bài viết có chi tiết sai khi cho rằng biểu tượng đỗ xe là một sáng kiến của Ủy ban Olympic Hà Lan</ref> Đến năm 1930, biểu tượng lần đầu xuất hiện trên ấn phẩm in ấn dưới dạng {{l|mul||Ⓟ}}, trong cuốn cẩm nang ''On the Road'' do {{w|lang=en|National "Safety First" Association|Hiệp hội "An toàn là trên hết"}} phát hành tại [[London]].<ref>{{cite-book|en|date=December 1930|author=J. A. A. Pickard|title=On the Road: New Regulations, Local Bye Laws Etc.|edition=5|location=London|publisher={{w|lang=en|National "Safety First" Association}}|pages=2–3}}</ref> Về mặt kỹ thuật số, {{w|Hiệp hội Unicode}} đã chính thức đưa biểu tượng này vào bộ mã chuẩn trong phiên bản {{w|Unicode&nbsp;5.2}} công bố ngày 1&nbsp;tháng 10 năm 2009.<ref>{{cite-web|url=http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/|date=1 October 2009|title=Version 5.2.0|work=[[w:Unicode|The Unicode Standard]]|publisher=w:Hiệp hội Unicode|accessdate=3 September 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20261009185700/http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/|archivedate=9 tháng 10 2026}}</ref> Tuy nhiên, trước đó hai hãng công nghệ Nhật Bản là {{w|Docomo}} và {{w|SoftBank}} đã đưa biểu tượng này vào các bộ [[emoji]] trên điện thoại di động lần lượt vào tháng 1 và tháng 11&nbsp;năm 1999.<ref name="Emoji">{{R:mul:Emojipedia|P Button Emoji|🅿️}}</ref> ==={{ĐM|symbol}}=== {{head|mul|symbol}} # {{n-g|Chỉ khu vực có thể [[đỗ]] [[xe]], chẳng hạn như [[bãi đỗ xe]].}} #: {{ant|mul|🆊}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== {{reflist}} ==={{ĐM|further}}=== * {{pedia|🅿}} * {{commons inline|P icons for parking}} * {{commons inline|U+1F17F}} p84qbnd9ntvceo0yxdrsfxmkk8syl0s gầm gào 0 421431 2573482 2026-10-25T15:39:23Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[gầm|Gầm]] [[lên]], [[gào]] lên, thường [[gây]] [[tác động]] [[đáng sợ]]. 2573482 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[gầm|Gầm]] [[lên]], [[gào]] lên, thường [[gây]] [[tác động]] [[đáng sợ]]. #:{{ux|vi|tiếng phản lực gầm gào}} #:{{ux|vi|sóng biển gầm gào }} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} tu237ca56bzuc597y370zoa5imxttcd 2573484 2573482 2026-10-25T15:39:46Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573484 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[gầm|Gầm]] [[lên]], [[gào]] lên, thường [[gây]] [[tác động]] [[đáng sợ]]. #:{{ux|vi|tiếng phản lực '''gầm gào'''}} #:{{ux|vi|sóng biển '''gầm gào'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} chxfzi0q05zmui2pke7kmmipd93eubs moueþ 0 421432 2573483 2026-10-25T15:39:39Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|enm}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|enm|Danh từ|var=1}} # {{alt form|enm|mouth}}” 2573483 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|enm}}== ==={{ĐM|n}}=== {{head|enm|Danh từ|var=1}} # {{alt form|enm|mouth}} 993eap36whqyrcjsa2xrsnenhqbh6qi チャル 0 421433 2573485 2026-10-25T15:41:29Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|ain|チャラ||Sakhalin}} * {{alter|ain|チャロ||Hokkaido|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャㇻ||Kuril|Nam Kuril}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=caru, charu}} # {{lb|ain|Hokkaido|Sakhalin|Kuril}} [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|pron}}==== [[File:MapOfAinuLanguage-Mouth.svg|thumb|400px|Bản đồ phương ngữ tiếng Ainu: Miệng]] {|class="wikitable" |+ bảng phương ngữ của {{pagename}}: mi…” 2573485 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|ain|チャラ||Sakhalin}} * {{alter|ain|チャロ||Hokkaido|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャㇻ||Kuril|Nam Kuril}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=caru, charu}} # {{lb|ain|Hokkaido|Sakhalin|Kuril}} [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|pron}}==== [[File:MapOfAinuLanguage-Mouth.svg|thumb|400px|Bản đồ phương ngữ tiếng Ainu: Miệng]] {|class="wikitable" |+ bảng phương ngữ của {{pagename}}: [[miệng]] (1960)<ref>{{R:ain:HattoriAndChiri:1960}}</ref> ! địa danh !! cách phát âm |- ! Yakumo (八雲) | par |- ! Oshamambe (長万部) | par |- ! Horobetsu (幌別) | par |- ! Hiratori (平取) | par |- ! Nukkibetsu (貫気別) | par |- ! Niikappu (新冠) | par |- ! Samani (様似) | car |- ! Obihiro (帯広) | car |- ! Kushiro (釧路) | car |- ! Bihoro (美幌) | car |- ! Asahikawa (旭川) | par |- ! Nayoro (名寄) | car |- ! Soya (宗谷) | car |- ! Ochiho (落帆) | cara |- ! Tarantomari (多蘭泊) | caru |- ! Maoka (真岡) | cara |- ! Shiraura (白浦) | cara |- ! Raichishka (ライチシカ) | caru |- ! Nairo (内路) | caru |} ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|チャㇻ}} ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} :* {{R:ain:Torii1903}} :* {{R:ain:KarafutoWordlist}} :* {{R:ain:waai2022}} 8fsfkg2v5nbcr4pqxprvnbysjg5jkue Bản mẫu:dialect map/ain/チャㇻ 10 421434 2573486 2026-10-25T15:41:59Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{dialect map}}” 2573486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dialect map}} d6v0nb58x909aihj701mhww3omkirht チャㇻ 0 421435 2573488 2026-10-25T15:44:51Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|ain|チャラ||Sakhalin}} * {{alter|ain|チャロ||Hokkaido|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャル||Hokkaido|Sakhalin|Kuril}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=car}} # {{lb|ain|Kuril|Nam Kuril}} [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|pron}}==== [[File:MapOfAinuLanguage-Mouth.svg|thumb|400px|Bản đồ phương ngữ tiếng Ainu: Miệng]] {|class="wikitable" |+ bảng phương ngữ của {{pagename}}: [[miệng]]…” 2573488 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|ain|チャラ||Sakhalin}} * {{alter|ain|チャロ||Hokkaido|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャル||Hokkaido|Sakhalin|Kuril}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=car}} # {{lb|ain|Kuril|Nam Kuril}} [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|pron}}==== [[File:MapOfAinuLanguage-Mouth.svg|thumb|400px|Bản đồ phương ngữ tiếng Ainu: Miệng]] {|class="wikitable" |+ bảng phương ngữ của {{pagename}}: [[miệng]] (1960)<ref>{{R:ain:HattoriAndChiri:1960}}</ref> ! địa danh !! cách phát âm |- ! Yakumo (八雲) | par |- ! Oshamambe (長万部) | par |- ! Horobetsu (幌別) | par |- ! Hiratori (平取) | par |- ! Nukkibetsu (貫気別) | par |- ! Niikappu (新冠) | par |- ! Samani (様似) | car |- ! Obihiro (帯広) | car |- ! Kushiro (釧路) | car |- ! Bihoro (美幌) | car |- ! Asahikawa (旭川) | par |- ! Nayoro (名寄) | car |- ! Soya (宗谷) | car |- ! Ochiho (落帆) | cara |- ! Tarantomari (多蘭泊) | caru |- ! Maoka (真岡) | cara |- ! Shiraura (白浦) | cara |- ! Raichishka (ライチシカ) | caru |- ! Nairo (内路) | caru |} ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|チャㇻ}} ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} :* {{R:ain:BugaevaAndSato2021}} hoy342xrnvmao8bzbgb7kem127reyqq チャラ 0 421436 2573489 2026-10-25T15:46:40Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|ain|チャロ||Hokkaido|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャル||Hokkaido|Sakhalin|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャㇻ||Kuril|Nam Kuril}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=cara}} # {{lb|ain|Sakhalin}} [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|pron}}==== [[File:MapOfAinuLanguage-Mouth.svg|thumb|400px|Bản đồ phương ngữ tiếng Ainu: Miệng]] {|class="wikitable" |+ bảng phương ngữ của {{pagename}}: [[miệng]]…” 2573489 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alter|ain|チャロ||Hokkaido|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャル||Hokkaido|Sakhalin|Kuril}} * {{alter|ain|チャㇻ||Kuril|Nam Kuril}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=cara}} # {{lb|ain|Sakhalin}} [[miệng|Miệng]]. ===={{section|pron}}==== [[File:MapOfAinuLanguage-Mouth.svg|thumb|400px|Bản đồ phương ngữ tiếng Ainu: Miệng]] {|class="wikitable" |+ bảng phương ngữ của {{pagename}}: [[miệng]] (1960)<ref>{{R:ain:HattoriAndChiri:1960}}</ref> ! địa danh !! cách phát âm |- ! Yakumo (八雲) | par |- ! Oshamambe (長万部) | par |- ! Horobetsu (幌別) | par |- ! Hiratori (平取) | par |- ! Nukkibetsu (貫気別) | par |- ! Niikappu (新冠) | par |- ! Samani (様似) | car |- ! Obihiro (帯広) | car |- ! Kushiro (釧路) | car |- ! Bihoro (美幌) | car |- ! Asahikawa (旭川) | par |- ! Nayoro (名寄) | car |- ! Soya (宗谷) | car |- ! Ochiho (落帆) | cara |- ! Tarantomari (多蘭泊) | caru |- ! Maoka (真岡) | cara |- ! Shiraura (白浦) | cara |- ! Raichishka (ライチシカ) | caru |- ! Nairo (内路) | caru |} ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|チャㇻ}} ==={{section|ref}}=== {{reflist}} :* {{R:ain:KarafutoWordlist}} b0w46bsyytyv5si9xwswemzyba18ydy チャ 0 421437 2573490 2026-10-25T15:48:01Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{also|ヂャ}} =={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|ain|ja|茶}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=ca}} # [[trà|Trà]]. ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|オチャ}} {{c|ain|Ăn uống}}” 2573490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ヂャ}} =={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|ain|ja|茶}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=ca}} # [[trà|Trà]]. ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|オチャ}} {{c|ain|Ăn uống}} pju5hhfi22akpoekb4rxj42ns0otdvw Mô đun:dialect synonyms/ain/オチャ 828 421438 2573491 2026-10-25T15:48:35Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “local export = {} export.gloss = "trà" export.syns = { -- Hokkaido: Southern/Central ["Abuta"] = { "" }, ["Azuma"] = { "" }, ["Biratori"] = { "" }, ["Chitose"] = { "" }, ["Ebeotsu"] = { "" }, ["Hagino"] = { "" }, ["Hidaka"] = { "" }, ["Hobetsu"] = { "" }, ["Horobetsu"] = { "" }, ["Horoman"] = { "" }, ["Mitsuishi"] = { "" }, ["Mukawa"] = { "" }, ["Muroran"] = { "" }, ["Niikappu"] = { "" }, ["Nukkibetsu"] = { "" }, ["Ogifushi"] = { "" }, ["Oshamambe"] =…” 2573491 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} export.gloss = "trà" export.syns = { -- Hokkaido: Southern/Central ["Abuta"] = { "" }, ["Azuma"] = { "" }, ["Biratori"] = { "" }, ["Chitose"] = { "" }, ["Ebeotsu"] = { "" }, ["Hagino"] = { "" }, ["Hidaka"] = { "" }, ["Hobetsu"] = { "" }, ["Horobetsu"] = { "" }, ["Horoman"] = { "" }, ["Mitsuishi"] = { "" }, ["Mukawa"] = { "" }, ["Muroran"] = { "" }, ["Niikappu"] = { "" }, ["Nukkibetsu"] = { "" }, ["Ogifushi"] = { "" }, ["Oshamambe"] = { "" }, ["Rebun"] = { "" }, ["Samani"] = { "" }, ["Saru"] = { "キナウセイニハムセイ:言えば kiná 'usey 或いは níham 'usey((H))" }, ["Shiraoi"] = { "" }, ["Shizunai"] = { "" }, ["Takae"] = { "" }, ["Takashima"] = { "" }, ["Toyoura"] = { "" }, ["Urakawa"] = { "" }, ["Usu"] = { "" }, ["Yakumo"] = { "シウウセイ:síw 'úsey", "オチャ:'ocá((H))" }, -- Hokkaido: Northern ["Asahikawa"] = { "プㇱニエプユセウ:代用に púsni《ホオノキ》 'épuy 'úsew, kikínni kapúhu 'úsew 等を用いる((H))" }, ["Chikabumi"] = { "" }, ["Nayoro"] = { "" }, ["Soya"] = { "" }, ["Teshio"] = { "" }, -- Hokkaido: Eastern ["Abashiri"] = { "" }, ["Akan"] = { "" }, ["Ashoro"] = { "" }, ["Bihoro"] = { "サヨ:sayo((H))" }, ["Biroo"] = { "" }, ["Chirotto"] = { "" }, ["Fupushinai"] = { "" }, ["Fushiko"] = { "" }, ["Harutori"] = { "" }, ["Kitami"] = { "" }, ["Kushiro"] = { "" }, ["Kussharo"] = { "" }, ["Memuro"] = { "" }, ["Mokoto"] = { "" }, ["Nemuro"] = { "" }, ["Nijibetsu"] = { "" }, ["Obihiro"] = { "オチャ:ocá", "ウセイ:'úsey((H))" }, ["Otofuke"] = { "" }, ["Shari"] = { "" }, ["Shiranuka"] = { "" }, ["Tokachi"] = { "" }, ["Tooro"] = { "" }, -- Sakhalin: West Coast ["Chirai"] = { "" }, ["Maoka"] = { "" }, ["Raichishka"] = { "チャイ:cay(ロシヤ人の持って来た磚茶)((H))" }, ["Shiranushi"] = { "" }, ["Tarantomari"] = { "" }, ["Usoro"] = { "" }, -- Sakhalin: East Coast ["Aihama"] = { "" }, ["Nairo"] = { "" }, ["Niitoi"] = { "" }, ["Ochiho"] = { "" }, ["Shirahama"] = { "" }, ["Shiraura"] = { "" }, ["Taraika"] = { "" }, ["Tonnai"] = { "" }, ["Yamambetsu"] = { "" }, -- Kuril: Northern ["Kuril"] = { "" }, ["Paramushir"] = { "" }, ["Shumshu"] = { "チャニ:chani(123)", "チャー:chā(123)((H))" }, -- Kuril: Southern ["Etorofu"] = { "" }, ["South Kuril"] = { "" }, } return export boajq6y7svsubumq4f325lbt27wu6zz Bản mẫu:R:mul:Emojipedia 10 421439 2573492 2026-10-25T15:49:40Z TheHighFighter2 42988 Trang mới: “{{#invoke:quote|call_template | template = cite-web | mul | worklang = en | year = 2013-nay | editors = Jeremy Burge; Keith Broni; John Kelly; Jane Solomon | work = w:Emojipedia | publisher = Zedge, Inc. | entry = {{{head|{{{2|{{pagename}}}}}}}} {{{1|}}} | entryurl = https://emojipedia.org/{{urlencode:{{{head|{{{2|{{pagename}}}}}}}}|PATH}} | url = https://emojipedia.org | allowparams = head, 1, 2 }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentat…” 2573492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:quote|call_template | template = cite-web | mul | worklang = en | year = 2013-nay | editors = Jeremy Burge; Keith Broni; John Kelly; Jane Solomon | work = w:Emojipedia | publisher = Zedge, Inc. | entry = {{{head|{{{2|{{pagename}}}}}}}} {{{1|}}} | entryurl = https://emojipedia.org/{{urlencode:{{{head|{{{2|{{pagename}}}}}}}}|PATH}} | url = https://emojipedia.org | allowparams = head, 1, 2 }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 3bei73ili0lu38uhbhdm86ur2uidw23 オチャ 0 421440 2573493 2026-10-25T15:50:03Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|ain|ja|お茶}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=oca}} # [[trà|Trà]]. ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|オチャ}} {{c|ain|Đồ uống}}” 2573493 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ain}}== ==={{section|etym}}=== {{bor+|ain|ja|お茶}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|ain|Danh từ|tr=oca}} # [[trà|Trà]]. ===={{section|syn}}==== {{dial syn|ain|オチャ}} {{c|ain|Đồ uống}} 8sbn8qfz3chd859iupfzampn76qjgh0 Thể loại:ain:Đồ uống 14 421441 2573494 2026-10-25T15:50:22Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{auto cat}}” 2573494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{auto cat}} eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx Thể loại:ain:Ăn uống 14 421442 2573495 2026-10-25T15:50:47Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{auto cat}}” 2573495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{auto cat}} eomzlm5v4j7ond1phrju7cnue91g5qx Филиппины 0 421443 2573498 2026-10-25T15:56:13Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|ru}}== {{wp|ru:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ru-IPA|Филиппи́ны}} * {{audio|ru|Ru-Филиппины.ogg}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ru-proper noun+|Филиппи́ны|f|adj=филиппи́нский}} # {{tcl|ru|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ru-noun-table|Филиппи́ны|f}} {{ru-noun-table|Филиппи́ны|f|old=1}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|hy|Ֆիլիպիններ|bor=1}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:…” 2573498 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|ru}}== {{wp|ru:}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{ru-IPA|Филиппи́ны}} * {{audio|ru|Ru-Филиппины.ogg}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{ru-proper noun+|Филиппи́ны|f|adj=филиппи́нский}} # {{tcl|ru|Philippines|id=Q928}} ===={{section|decl}}==== {{ru-noun-table|Филиппи́ны|f}} {{ru-noun-table|Филиппи́ны|f|old=1}} ===={{section|desc}}==== * {{desc|hy|Ֆիլիպիններ|bor=1}} ==={{section|see}}=== {{list:quốc gia của châu Á/ru}} 37cr7ap23q8cyy6zo4wasd3y1mx3rr8 Bản mẫu:list:quốc gia của châu Á/ru 10 421444 2573499 2026-10-25T15:56:44Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{#invoke:topic list|show |hypernym=[[страна|стра́ны]] [[Азия|А́зии]] |Азербайджа́н |Арме́ния |Афганиста́н |Бангладе́ш<tr:Bangladɛ́š> |Бахре́йн |Бруне́й |Бута́н |Вьетна́м |Восто́чный Тимо́р |Гру́зия |Еги́пет |Изра́иль |И́ндия |Индоне́зия<tr:Indonɛ́zija> |Иорда́ния |Ира́н |Ира́к |Йе́мен |Казахс…” 2573499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:topic list|show |hypernym=[[страна|стра́ны]] [[Азия|А́зии]] |Азербайджа́н |Арме́ния |Афганиста́н |Бангладе́ш<tr:Bangladɛ́š> |Бахре́йн |Бруне́й |Бута́н |Вьетна́м |Восто́чный Тимо́р |Гру́зия |Еги́пет |Изра́иль |И́ндия |Индоне́зия<tr:Indonɛ́zija> |Иорда́ния |Ира́н |Ира́к |Йе́мен |Казахста́н |Камбо́джа |Ка́тар |Кипр |Кита́й |Куве́йт |Кыргызста́н |Лао́с |Лива́н |Мала́йзия |Мальди́вы |Монго́лия |Мья́нма |Непа́л |Объединённые Ара́бские Эмира́ты |Ома́н |Пакиста́н |Росси́я |Сау́довская Ара́вия |Се́верная Коре́я |Сингапу́р |Си́рия |Таджикиста́н |Таила́нд |Ту́рция |Туркмениста́н |Узбекиста́н |Филиппи́ны |Шри-Ла́нка |Ю́жная Коре́я |Япо́ния }}<noinclude>{{list doc}}</noinclude> 1tvuwgl6kbjhgh1xtdrn1xajfa65b4s ဖိလစ်ပိုင် 0 421445 2573500 2026-10-25T15:58:00Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “=={{langname|my}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{bor|my|en|Philippines}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{my-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{my-proper noun}} # {{tcl|my|Philippines|id=Q928}}” 2573500 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|my}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{bor|my|en|Philippines}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== * {{my-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|pr-noun}}=== {{my-proper noun}} # {{tcl|my|Philippines|id=Q928}} hbdk7ai55cnx5rju8qutp1v309qzbe1 gần cận 0 421446 2573501 2026-10-25T16:03:09Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# Gần, thường ở [[bên cạnh]] ([[nói]] [[khái quát]]) 2573501 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ|hiếm}} Gần, thường ở [[bên cạnh]] ([[nói]] [[khái quát]]) #:{{ux|vi|'''gần cận''' với thủ trưởng}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} loi5zjw2ox3ixefe4qm00hf73rp490p gần gặn 0 421447 2573502 2026-10-25T16:04:20Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# Gần, không [[xa]] ([[nói]] [[khái quát]]) 2573502 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} Gần, không [[xa]] ([[nói]] [[khái quát]]) #:{{ux|vi|đường lên thành phố cũng chẳng '''gần gặn''' gì}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} hdjeb2ylf37hrs200wj9zvi88ysn82u gần kề miệng lỗ 0 421448 2573503 2026-10-25T16:05:18Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:proverb:# [[aaa|Aaa]]. 2573503 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|proverb}}=== {{vi-proverb}} # {{lb|vi|thông tục}} {{like-entry|gần đất xa trời}}. 1o9l0mi0y4s90tv4zp2s4r5fxt1420n 2573504 2573503 2026-10-25T16:05:54Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573504 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|idiom}}=== {{vi-idiom}} # {{lb|vi|thông tục}} {{like-entry|gần đất xa trời}}. 808h54pjjpx1nl1exxms9pkl1wfreau gần lửa rát mặt 0 421449 2573505 2026-10-25T16:06:27Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:idiom:# [[Ví]] [[trường hợp]] ở gần [[người có quyền]] [[thế]], gần [[cấp]] trên thì [[thường hay]] bị [[sai khiến]], [[mắng mỏ]] hoặc [[xem thường]]. 2573505 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|idiom}}=== {{vi-idiom}} # [[Ví]] [[trường hợp]] ở gần [[người có quyền]] [[thế]], gần [[cấp]] trên thì [[thường hay]] bị [[sai khiến]], [[mắng mỏ]] hoặc [[xem thường]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} m4qhhmxy75lmb3v3q04x5mxrs7ct2u2 gẩy 0 421450 2573506 2026-10-25T16:09:08Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[A]]. 2573506 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ|ít dùng}} {{see-entry|gảy}} tmt3bs4an0keka44jgysnrrt3s6tbw3 gẫy góc 0 421451 2573507 2026-10-25T16:10:34Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# [[aa|Aa]]. 2573507 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ|ít dùng}} {{see-entry|gãy góc}} 8jyfdan55esm70l0qkhsscbcrlcx7ea gẫy gọn 0 421452 2573508 2026-10-25T16:11:48Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# [[A]]. 2573508 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{nhãn|vi|phương ngữ|ít dùng}} {{see-entry|gãy gọn}} kep02jcjo6tv99ox21xiy1js5fikp29 gậy tầy 0 421453 2573509 2026-10-25T16:13:04Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[aaa|Aaa]]. 2573509 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{nhãn|vi|Ít dùng}} {{see-entry|gậy tày}} 6enj8ry2kh4qnwegcxm7o9b4p40zihk 2573510 2573509 2026-10-25T16:13:13Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573510 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{nhãn|vi|ít dùng}} {{see-entry|gậy tày}} 2a6yhnbujmwuz3hxigh15uesoplohri gắm 0 421454 2573511 2026-10-25T16:13:44Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[cây|Cây]] [[hạt]] [[trần]] [[mọc]] ở [[rừng]], [[thân]] [[leo]], [[vỏ]] [[màu]] [[nâu]] [[đen]] có [[sợi]], [[lá]] to mọc [[đối]], hạt [[ăn]] được, thân dùng làm [[dây buộc]] [[thuyền bè]]. 2573511 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[cây|Cây]] [[hạt]] [[trần]] [[mọc]] ở [[rừng]], [[thân]] [[leo]], [[vỏ]] [[màu]] [[nâu]] [[đen]] có [[sợi]], [[lá]] to mọc [[đối]], hạt [[ăn]] được, thân dùng làm [[dây buộc]] [[thuyền bè]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} {{mẫu}} 8eyzv3sr7085ru5fzopgg1xgoe4l12l 2573512 2573511 2026-10-25T16:14:23Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573512 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun|cls=cây|[[𥋴]], [[錦]]}} # [[cây|Cây]] [[hạt]] [[trần]] [[mọc]] ở [[rừng]], [[thân]] [[leo]], [[vỏ]] [[màu]] [[nâu]] [[đen]] có [[sợi]], [[lá]] to mọc [[đối]], hạt [[ăn]] được, thân dùng làm [[dây buộc]] [[thuyền bè]]. #: {{syn|vi|dây gắm|gắm núi}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} e87t0qyctduj7epf7juxgjbl508rrzk 2573545 2573512 2026-10-25T23:14:07Z Hiyuune 50834 2573545 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun|cls=cây|[[𥋴]], [[錦]]}} # [[cây|Cây]] [[hạt]] [[trần]] [[mọc]] ở [[rừng]], [[thân]] [[leo]], [[vỏ]] [[màu]] [[nâu]] [[đen]] có [[sợi]], [[lá]] to mọc [[đối]], hạt [[ăn]] được, thân dùng làm [[dây buộc]] [[thuyền bè]] ({{taxlink|Gnetum montanum|loài}}). #: {{syn|vi|dây gắm|gắm núi}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 873yx0b2obh69113f2lji6a0683ma98 2573546 2573545 2026-10-25T23:14:42Z Hiyuune 50834 2573546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|Phụ lục:Biến thể của "gam"}} =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun|cls=cây|[[𥋴]], [[錦]]}} # [[cây|Cây]] [[hạt]] [[trần]] [[mọc]] ở [[rừng]], [[thân]] [[leo]], [[vỏ]] [[màu]] [[nâu]] [[đen]] có [[sợi]], [[lá]] to mọc [[đối]], hạt [[ăn]] được, thân dùng làm [[dây buộc]] [[thuyền bè]] ({{taxlink|Gnetum montanum|loài}}). #: {{syn|vi|dây gắm|gắm núi}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 2teqaqbbka41taexecziyyzttt6j7ak tính tẩu 0 421455 2573513 2026-10-25T16:19:44Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[aaa|Aaa]]. 2573513 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|tính tẩu}} 7zbtt3fgd6peqzu4ceji4i15h93o1kt 2573514 2573513 2026-10-25T16:19:54Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573514 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{see-entry|đàn tính}} skhi6crhgsdfx04zigehsrl079qgkhl đàn tính 0 421456 2573515 2026-10-25T16:20:07Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[đàn|Đàn]] [[gảy]] của [[một số]] [[dân tộc]] [[miền]] [[núi]] ở [[Việt]] [[Bắc]] và [[Tây Bắc]] [[Việt Nam]], [[làm bằng]] [[vỏ]] [[quả]] [[bầu]], [[mặt]] [[cộng]] [[hưởng]] bằng [[gỗ]] [[mỏng]], [[cần]] [[dài]]. 2573515 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[đàn|Đàn]] [[gảy]] của [[một số]] [[dân tộc]] [[miền]] [[núi]] ở [[Việt]] [[Bắc]] và [[Tây Bắc]] [[Việt Nam]], [[làm bằng]] [[vỏ]] [[quả]] [[bầu]], [[mặt]] [[cộng]] [[hưởng]] bằng [[gỗ]] [[mỏng]], [[cần]] [[dài]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} j36y9x95pf0j3whtw5db10zkiw5isao 2573517 2573515 2026-10-25T16:20:45Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573517 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[đàn|Đàn]] [[gảy]] của [[một số]] [[dân tộc]] [[miền]] [[núi]] ở [[Việt Bắc]] và [[Tây Bắc]] [[Việt Nam]], [[làm bằng]] [[vỏ]] [[quả]] [[bầu]], [[mặt]] [[cộng]] [[hưởng]] bằng [[gỗ]] [[mỏng]], [[cần]] [[dài]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} jn3acmhm92yn4qce8zj9skblok1jux8 tính đảng 0 421457 2573518 2026-10-25T16:23:02Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[khuynh hướng|Khuynh hướng]] trong [[công tác]], [[hoạt động]], [[v]].v. [[thấm nhuần]] [[hệ tư tưởng]] của [[đảng]] ([[cộng sản]]) 2573518 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[khuynh hướng|Khuynh hướng]] trong [[công tác]], [[hoạt động]], [[v]].v. [[thấm nhuần]] [[hệ tư tưởng]] của [[đảng]] ([[cộng sản]]) #:{{ux|vi|rèn luyện '''tính đảng'''}} #:{{ux|vi|'''tính đảng''' trong văn học}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} h936pwb11118s2khdwygx45yobxjcf5 tít mù tắp 0 421458 2573519 2026-10-25T16:24:27Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# [[aa|Aa]]. 2573519 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} {{like-entry|tít tắp}} (nhưng nghĩa mạnh hơn) #:{{ux|vi|xa '''tít mù tắp'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} r1pjw78obxf4qcq7dp66fm3vavt6j0x tít tắp 0 421459 2573520 2026-10-25T16:25:15Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# Rất [[xa]], rất [[dài]], đến [[hết]] [[tầm nhìn]] của [[mắt]]. 2573520 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # Rất [[xa]], rất [[dài]], đến [[hết]] [[tầm nhìn]] của [[mắt]]. #:{{ux|vi|xa '''tít tắp'''}} #:{{ux|vi|con đường dài '''tít tắp'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 4rmxz10n8vd7d41b7fawhe8tup5ngpz tăng giá 0 421460 2573522 2026-10-25T16:28:18Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[nâng giá|Nâng giá]] [[hàng]] [[lên cao]] hơn [[so với]] trước; [[trái]] với [[giảm giá]]. 2573522 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[nâng giá|Nâng giá]] [[hàng]] [[lên cao]] hơn [[so với]] trước; [[trái]] với [[giảm giá]]. #:{{ux|vi|'''tăng giá''' xăng dầu}} #:{{ux|vi|tất cả các mặt hàng đều đồng loạt '''tăng giá'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} p5pq09owyxum39ib0arhboyy9h2ci8e tăng sản 0 421461 2573523 2026-10-25T16:32:27Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[nâng|Nâng]] [[sản lượng]] hơn [[hẳn]] [[mức]] [[bình thường]] bằng các [[biện pháp]] [[kĩ thuật]]. 2573523 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|cũ}} [[nâng|Nâng]] [[sản lượng]] hơn [[hẳn]] [[mức]] [[bình thường]] bằng các [[biện pháp]] [[kĩ thuật]]. #:{{ux|vi|vườn ngô '''tăng sản'''}} #:{{ux|vi|lợn '''tăng sản'''}} ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== * {{l|vi|tăng sản lượng}} * {{l|vi|tăng năng suất}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} rjd03eg9lbna45kfegyimcr0o415esh tăng trọng 0 421462 2573524 2026-10-25T16:35:40Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# ([[vật nuôi]]) [[tăng]] [[trọng lượng]]. 2573524 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|cũ}} ([[vật nuôi]]) [[tăng]] [[trọng lượng]]. #:{{ux|vi|lợn '''tăng trọng''' nhanh}} #:{{ux|vi|cám '''tăng trọng'''}} ===={{ĐM|syn}}==== *{{l|vi|tăng ký}} *{{l|vi|tăng cân}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} lxmvejrzhp6909akcx1ljgwg685jrd0 tường giải 0 421463 2573525 2026-10-25T17:05:25Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[giải thích|Giải thích]] một cách [[tường tận]], [[rõ ràng]]. 2573525 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[giải thích|Giải thích]] một cách [[tường tận]], [[rõ ràng]]. #:{{ux|vi|từ điển '''tường giải'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} ph9dx24sc1gsfu0buqi9k57zh1y7v6q tướp 0 421464 2573526 2026-10-25T17:08:00Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# [[xơ|Xơ]], [[nát]] ra thành từng [[mảnh]].# ([[máu]]) [[chảy]] ra, [[tươm]] ra ở [[vết]] [[da]] [[rách nát]].# [[cái|Cái]] đã bị xơ ra, [[tướp]] ra. 2573526 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # [[xơ|Xơ]], [[nát]] ra thành từng [[mảnh]]. #:{{ux|vi|quần áo rách '''tướp'''}} #:{{ux|vi|xé '''tướp''' tờ giấy}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|hiếm}} ([[máu]]) [[chảy]] ra, [[tươm]] ra ở [[vết]] [[da]] [[rách nát]]. #:{{ux|vi|bàn tay '''tướp''' máu}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{lb|vi|hiếm}} [[cái|Cái]] đã bị xơ ra, [[tướp]] ra. #:{{ux|vi|'''tướp''' cói khô}} #:{{ux|vi|giũ sạch '''tướp''' đay}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} dmcdfk7faaeicv3m8u4qdjtogemlcwn 2573527 2573526 2026-10-25T17:09:55Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573527 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # [[xơ|Xơ]], [[nát]] ra thành từng [[mảnh]]. #:{{ux|vi|quần áo rách '''tướp'''}} #:{{ux|vi|xé '''tướp''' tờ giấy}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|hiếm}} ([[máu]]) [[chảy]] ra, [[tươm]] ra ở [[vết]] [[da]] [[rách nát]]. #:{{ux|vi|bàn tay '''tướp''' máu}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{lb|vi|hiếm}} [[cái|Cái]] đã bị xơ ra, tướp ra. #:{{ux|vi|'''tướp''' cói khô}} #:{{ux|vi|giũ sạch '''tướp''' đay}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} n69fxp56e7lq56w8ig7ffo6g1lwcs4z đứ đừ 0 421465 2573528 2026-10-25T17:12:17Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[A]]. 2573528 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} {{like-entry|đứ}} (nhưng nghĩa mạnh hơn) #:{{ux|vi|say '''đứ đừ'''}} #:{{ux|vi|điện giật chết ngay '''đứ đừ'''}} #:{{ux|vi|mệt '''đứ đừ'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} j2edc80liwjk7c9jj1kav3b52mrf5tc đụng đầu 0 421466 2573530 2026-10-25T17:22:59Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[gặp|Gặp]] và [[phải]] [[đương đầu]], [[đối phó]]. 2573530 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[gặp|Gặp]] và [[phải]] [[đương đầu]], [[đối phó]]. #:{{ux|vi|hai đối thủ '''đụng đầu''' nhau}} #:{{ux|vi|cuộc '''đụng đầu''' sống mái}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} lly8pe6m0o3syam8cjbo3s2akvvspfs đụp 0 421467 2573531 2026-10-25T17:24:10Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:verb:# [[vá|Vá]], [[đắp]] [[miếng]] [[nọ]] [[chồng]] [[lên]] miếng [[kia]], thành nhiều [[lớp]], [[trông]] [[xấu]]. 2573531 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # [[vá|Vá]], [[đắp]] [[miếng]] [[nọ]] [[chồng]] [[lên]] miếng [[kia]], thành nhiều [[lớp]], [[trông]] [[xấu]]. #:{{ux|vi|chiếc áo vá chằng '''vá đụp'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} oxf7c5c5fdvu6m5wl329pa9prvivfow đụt 0 421468 2573532 2026-10-25T17:26:23Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[đồ|Đồ]] [[đan]] bằng [[tre]] [[đặt]] [[tiếp]] vào [[lưới]] [[ống]] (lưới [[đáy]]) để [[chứa]] [[cá]] [[đánh bắt]] được.# [[A]].# [[kém|Kém]] [[trí khôn]] và [[hèn yếu]], [[dễ dàng]] [[chịu]] [[lép vế]]. 2573532 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # [[đồ|Đồ]] [[đan]] bằng [[tre]] [[đặt]] [[tiếp]] vào [[lưới]] [[ống]] (lưới [[đáy]]) để [[chứa]] [[cá]] [[đánh bắt]] được. ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ}} {{like-entry|trú}} #:{{ux|vi|đứng trong mái hiên '''đụt''' mưa}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[kém|Kém]] [[trí khôn]] và [[hèn yếu]], [[dễ dàng]] [[chịu]] [[lép vế]]. #:{{ux|vi|người đâu mà '''đụt''' thế không biết!}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 852a8jwr2xdh4vqr66o9yl3dp2ejyau 2573533 2573532 2026-10-25T17:27:20Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573533 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun|cls=[[cái]], [[chiếc]]}} # [[đồ|Đồ]] [[đan]] bằng [[tre]] [[đặt]] [[tiếp]] vào [[lưới]] [[ống]] (lưới [[đáy]]) để [[chứa]] [[cá]] [[đánh bắt]] được. ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ}} {{like-entry|trú}} #:{{ux|vi|đứng trong mái hiên '''đụt''' mưa}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj|突}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[kém|Kém]] [[trí khôn]] và [[hèn yếu]], [[dễ dàng]] [[chịu]] [[lép vế]]. #:{{ux|vi|người đâu mà '''đụt''' thế không biết!}} #: {{syn|vi|đần|ngu}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 39uls3allbm9z1yk0ru5n9ggdrnoarn 2573534 2573533 2026-10-25T17:27:48Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573534 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun|cls=[[cái]], [[chiếc]]}} # [[đồ|Đồ]] [[đan]] bằng [[tre]] [[đặt]] [[tiếp]] vào [[lưới]] [[ống]] (lưới [[đáy]]) để [[chứa]] [[cá]] [[đánh bắt]] được. ==={{ĐM|verb}}=== {{vi-verb}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ}} {{like-entry|trú}} #:{{ux|vi|đứng trong mái hiên '''đụt''' mưa}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj|突}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[kém|Kém]] [[trí khôn]] và [[hèn yếu]], [[dễ dàng]] [[chịu]] [[lép vế]]. #: {{syn|vi|đần|ngu}} #:{{ux|vi|người đâu mà '''đụt''' thế không biết!}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 72bchm36nlypoltgerb2h696s2rhx4i đủ lông đủ cánh 0 421469 2573535 2026-10-25T17:28:33Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:idiom:# [[khôn lớn|Khôn lớn]], [[trưởng thành]], đủ [[sức lực]] và [[khả năng]] [[tự]] [[lo liệu]]. 2573535 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|idiom}}=== {{vi-idiom}} # {{nhãn|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[khôn lớn|Khôn lớn]], [[trưởng thành]], đủ [[sức lực]] và [[khả năng]] [[tự]] [[lo liệu]]. === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 7hbe7ywfldwxpfmnl4ek7qtwuxw39z5 đủng đa đủng đỉnh 0 421470 2573536 2026-10-25T17:29:48Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# Rất [[đủng đỉnh]], [[đến mức]] [[chậm chạp]], thường [[gây]] [[cảm giác]] [[khó chịu]]. 2573536 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # Rất [[đủng đỉnh]], [[đến mức]] [[chậm chạp]], thường [[gây]] [[cảm giác]] [[khó chịu]]. #:{{ux|vi|đi đứng thì '''đủng đa đủng đỉnh'''}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} n75q2fyv0wzj496wt47hbmezom9brth đủng đà đủng đỉnh 0 421471 2573537 2026-10-25T17:31:02Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:adj:# [[Đủng]] [[đa]] [[đủng đỉnh]]. 2573537 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|adj}}=== {{vi-adj}} # {{see-entry|đủng đa đủng đỉnh}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} k4sep72q12ckttyt2p9eushdq7ibznp đời đời kiếp kiếp 0 421472 2573538 2026-10-25T17:31:46Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:phrase:# [[aaa|Aaa]]. 2573538 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|phrase}}=== {{vi-phrase}} # {{see-entry|đời đời}} (nhưng ý nhấn mạnh hơn) oamarobbdw3a419ydzg83x4wgc0q40m đời thủa 0 421473 2573539 2026-10-25T17:32:55Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[A]]. 2573539 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{lb|vi|phương ngữ}} {{like-entry|đời thuở}} 7upmnrd94tnlno1zeogf0xrsi6115ko đời thuở 0 421474 2573540 2026-10-25T17:33:46Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:noun:# [[thời gian|Thời gian]] không [[xác định]] [[rõ]], nhưng [[xa]] lắm trong [[quá khứ]], hoặc [[đôi khi]] trong [[tương lai]]. 2573540 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{vi-noun}} # {{lb|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[thời gian|Thời gian]] không [[xác định]] [[rõ]], nhưng [[xa]] lắm trong [[quá khứ]], hoặc [[đôi khi]] trong [[tương lai]]. #:{{ux|vi|chuyện đã xảy ra từ '''đời thuở''' nào}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 5v2rre3ei01ekxv5pdatf4kfyf613pw đời thuở nhà ai 0 421475 2573541 2026-10-25T17:35:23Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|Trang mới]]) +vi:idiom:# [[tổ hợp|Tổ hợp]] [[biểu thị]] [[ý]] [[ngạc nhiên]], [[hàm ý]] [[chê trách]] về [[điều]] [[cho là]] [[trái]] với [[lẽ thường]] [[ở đời]]. 2573541 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|idiom}}=== {{vi-idiom}} # {{nhãn|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[tổ hợp|Tổ hợp]] [[biểu thị]] [[ý]] [[ngạc nhiên]], [[hàm ý]] [[chê trách]] về [[điều]] [[cho là]] [[trái]] với [[lẽ thường]] [[ở đời]]. #:{{ux|vi|'''đời thuở nhà ai''' vợ lại đi chửi chồng}} 1encjmcfspl6umwpl5vxiraapunyt4e 2573542 2573541 2026-10-25T17:35:30Z Kateru Zakuro 34522 2573542 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|vi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{ĐM|idiom}}=== {{vi-idiom}} # {{nhãn|vi|khẩu ngữ}} [[tổ hợp|Tổ hợp]] [[biểu thị]] [[ý]] [[ngạc nhiên]], [[hàm ý]] [[chê trách]] về [[điều]] [[cho là]] [[trái]] với [[lẽ thường]] [[ở đời]]. #:{{ux|vi|'''đời thuở nhà ai''' vợ lại đi chửi chồng}} === {{ĐM|ref}} === * {{R:Tratu}} 8l4am5bwe8mfl6ltkp9i03fbxzfylgb ओ 0 421476 2573544 2026-10-25T17:41:23Z Lcsnes 40261 Trang mới: “{{minitoc}} {{-Deva-}} {{character info}} [[File:Devanagari o ओ.gif|thumb]] ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mul|/oː/}} {{qualifier|thay đổi theo ngôn ngữ}} ==={{ĐM|desction}}=== {{mul-letter|o}} #Chữ Devanagari '''o'''. ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== *Dạng dấu nguyên âm là &#x200c;&#x094B;. =={{langname|ahr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ahr|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ahr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Ahiran, viết bằng chữ Devanagari…” 2573544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{minitoc}} {{-Deva-}} {{character info}} [[File:Devanagari o ओ.gif|thumb]] ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mul|/oː/}} {{qualifier|thay đổi theo ngôn ngữ}} ==={{ĐM|desction}}=== {{mul-letter|o}} #Chữ Devanagari '''o'''. ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== *Dạng dấu nguyên âm là &#x200c;&#x094B;. =={{langname|ahr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ahr|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ahr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Ahiran, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ahr|'''ओ'''वा|cây ''[[w:Trachyspermum ammi|Trachyspermum ammi]]''|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Ahiran'') [[अ#Tiếng_Ahiran|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Ahiran|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Ahiran|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Ahiran|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Ahiran|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Ahiran|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Ahiran|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Ahiran|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Ahiran|अः]], [[क#Tiếng_Ahiran|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Ahiran|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Ahiran|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Ahiran|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Ahiran|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Ahiran|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Ahiran|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Ahiran|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Ahiran|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Ahiran|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Ahiran|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Ahiran|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Ahiran|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Ahiran|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Ahiran|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Ahiran|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Ahiran|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Ahiran|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Ahiran|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Ahiran|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Ahiran|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Ahiran|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Ahiran|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Ahiran|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Ahiran|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Ahiran|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Ahiran|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Ahiran|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Ahiran|ह]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ळ]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Ahiran|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|ahr|author=The Word for the World International|work=Ahirani Bible|year=2025|entry=मत्तय 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2776/MAT.1.AII25}} =={{langname|akj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|akj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|akj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Aka-Jeru, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Aka-Jeru|list={{l-self|akj|आ}}, {{l-self|akj|आऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ई}}, {{l-self|akj|ईऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ऊ}}, {{l-self|akj|ऊऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ए}}, {{l-self|akj|एऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ऐ}}, {{l-self|akj|ओ}}, {{l-self|akj|ओऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|अࠧ}}, {{l-self|akj|आࠧ}}, {{l-self|akj|क}}, {{l-self|akj|ख}}, {{l-self|akj|ङ}}, {{l-self|akj|च}}, {{l-self|akj|छ}}, {{l-self|akj|ज}}, {{l-self|akj|ञ}}, {{l-self|akj|ट}}, {{l-self|akj|ठ}}, {{l-self|akj|ड}}, {{l-self|akj|ड़}}, {{l-self|akj|त}}, {{l-self|akj|थ}}, {{l-self|akj|द}}, {{l-self|akj|न}}, {{l-self|akj|प}}, {{l-self|akj|फ}}, {{l-self|akj|ब}}, {{l-self|akj|म}}, {{l-self|akj|य}}, {{l-self|akj|र}}, {{l-self|akj|ल}}, {{l-self|akj|ल्य}}, {{l-self|akj|ल्व}}, {{l-self|akj|व}}, {{l-self|akj|श}}, {{l-self|akj|स}}, {{l-self|akj|ह}}}} =={{langname|anp}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|anp|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|anp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 11 trong tiếng Angika, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Angika|list={{l-self|anp|अ}}, {{l-self|anp|आ}}, {{l-self|anp|इ}}, {{l-self|anp|ई}}, {{l-self|anp|उ}}, {{l-self|anp|ऊ}}, {{l-self|anp|ऋ}}, {{l-self|anp|ए}}, {{l-self|anp|ऐ}}, {{l-self|anp|ऍ}}, {{l-self|anp|ओ}}, {{l-self|anp|औ}}, {{l-self|anp|अः}}, {{l-self|anp|अँ}}, {{l-self|anp|अं}}, {{l-self|anp|क}}, {{l-self|anp|ख}}, {{l-self|anp|ग}}, {{l-self|anp|घ}}, {{l-self|anp|ङ}}, {{l-self|anp|च}}, {{l-self|anp|छ}}, {{l-self|anp|ज}}, {{l-self|anp|झ}}, {{l-self|anp|ञ}}, {{l-self|anp|ट}}, {{l-self|anp|ठ}}, {{l-self|anp|ड}}, {{l-self|anp|ढ}}, {{l-self|anp|ण}}, {{l-self|anp|त}}, {{l-self|anp|थ}}, {{l-self|anp|द}}, {{l-self|anp|ध}}, {{l-self|anp|न}}, {{l-self|anp|प}}, {{l-self|anp|फ}}, {{l-self|anp|ब}}, {{l-self|anp|भ}}, {{l-self|anp|म}}, {{l-self|anp|य}}, {{l-self|anp|र}}, {{l-self|anp|ल}}, {{l-self|anp|व}}, {{l-self|anp|श}}, {{l-self|anp|ष}}, {{l-self|anp|स}}, {{l-self|anp|ह}}, {{l-self|anp|ड़}}, {{l-self|anp|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hi|author=Toby Anderson|entry=आ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/angika/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=anp&letter=%E0%A4%86|publisher=SIL International|year=2020|work=Angika Dictionary}} =={{langname|asr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|asr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|asr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ cái Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Asur. #:{{ux|asr|[[ओट#Tiếng_Asur|'''ओ'''ट]]|tr='''o'''t|[[đất]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|aph}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|aph|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|aph|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Athpariya, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|aph|'''ओ'''एङ्‌स्‍वा|tr='''o'''ēṅsvā|[[xương sống]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Athpariya|list={{l-self|aph|आ}}, {{l-self|aph|इ}}, {{l-self|aph|उ}}, {{l-self|aph|ए}}, {{l-self|aph|ओ}}, {{l-self|aph|क}}, {{l-self|aph|ख}}, {{l-self|aph|ग}}, {{l-self|aph|घ}}, {{l-self|aph|ङ}}, {{l-self|aph|च}}, {{l-self|aph|छ}}, {{l-self|aph|ज}}, {{l-self|aph|झ}}, {{l-self|aph|ट}}, {{l-self|aph|ठ}}, {{l-self|aph|ड}}, {{l-self|aph|ढ}}, {{l-self|aph|त}}, {{l-self|aph|थ}}, {{l-self|aph|द}}, {{l-self|aph|ध}}, {{l-self|aph|न}}, {{l-self|aph|प}}, {{l-self|aph|फ}}, {{l-self|aph|ब}}, {{l-self|aph|भ}}, {{l-self|aph|म}}, {{l-self|aph|य}}, {{l-self|aph|र}}, {{l-self|aph|ल}}, {{l-self|aph|व}}, {{l-self|aph|व्ह}}, {{l-self|aph|स}}, {{l-self|aph|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Dhan Bahadur Kimdan (David)|entry=ओ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/athpahariya/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=aph&letter=%E0%A4%93|publisher=SIL International|year=2015|work=Athpahariya – Nepali – English Dictionary}} =={{langname|ae}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Avesta | [[𐬊#Tiếng_Avesta|𐬊]] |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Avesta|ઓ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ae|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ae|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Avesta, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Avesta|list={{l-self|ae|अ}}, {{l-self|ae|आ}}, {{l-self|ae|ॲ}}, {{l-self|ae|ऑ}}, {{l-self|ae|ऄ}}, {{l-self|ae|अे}}, {{l-self|ae|ऒ}}, {{l-self|ae|ओ}}, {{l-self|ae|आो}}, {{l-self|ae|अँ}}, {{l-self|ae|अॕ}}, {{l-self|ae|इ}}, {{l-self|ae|ई}}, {{l-self|ae|उ}}, {{l-self|ae|ऊ}}, {{l-self|ae|ꣳ}}, {{l-self|ae|क}}, {{l-self|ae|ख़}}, {{l-self|ae|क्ष᳝}}, {{l-self|ae|ख़्व}}, {{l-self|ae|ग}}, {{l-self|ae|घ़}}, {{l-self|ae|ग़}}, {{l-self|ae|त}}, {{l-self|ae|थ़}}, {{l-self|ae|द}}, {{l-self|ae|ध़}}, {{l-self|ae|त़}}, {{l-self|ae|च}}, {{l-self|ae|ज}}, {{l-self|ae|प}}, {{l-self|ae|फ़}}, {{l-self|ae|ब}}, {{l-self|ae|ब़}}, {{l-self|ae|ङ}}, {{l-self|ae|ङ्घ़}}, {{l-self|ae|ङ्व़}}, {{l-self|ae|न}}, {{l-self|ae|ञ}}, {{l-self|ae|ण}}, {{l-self|ae|म}}, {{l-self|ae|म्ह}}, {{l-self|ae|य}}, {{l-self|ae|य़}}, {{l-self|ae|व}}, {{l-self|ae|र}}, {{l-self|ae|ल}}, {{l-self|ae|स}}, {{l-self|ae|ज़}}, {{l-self|ae|श}}, {{l-self|ae|ॹ}}, {{l-self|ae|ष}}, {{l-self|ae|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Joseph H. Peterson|year=1995|title=[http://www.avesta.org/avdict/avdict.htm Dictionary of most common AVESTA words]}} =={{langname|awa}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Awadh|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|awa|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|awa|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Awadh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|awa|[[w:awa:ओमान|'''ओ'''मान]]|[[Oman]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Awadh|list={{l-self|awa|अ}}, {{l-self|awa|आ}}, {{l-self|awa|इ}}, {{l-self|awa|ई}}, {{l-self|awa|उ}}, {{l-self|awa|ऊ}}, {{l-self|awa|ए}}, {{l-self|awa|ऐ}}, {{l-self|awa|ओ}}, {{l-self|awa|औ}}, {{l-self|awa|अं}}, {{l-self|awa|अः}}, {{l-self|awa|अँ}}, {{l-self|awa|ऋ}}, {{l-self|awa|क}}, {{l-self|awa|ख}}, {{l-self|awa|ग}}, {{l-self|awa|घ}}, {{l-self|awa|ङ}}, {{l-self|awa|च}}, {{l-self|awa|छ}}, {{l-self|awa|ज}}, {{l-self|awa|झ}}, {{l-self|awa|ञ}}, {{l-self|awa|ट}}, {{l-self|awa|ठ}}, {{l-self|awa|ड}}, {{l-self|awa|ढ}}, {{l-self|awa|ण}}, {{l-self|awa|त}}, {{l-self|awa|थ}}, {{l-self|awa|द}}, {{l-self|awa|ध}}, {{l-self|awa|न}}, {{l-self|awa|प}}, {{l-self|awa|फ}}, {{l-self|awa|ब}}, {{l-self|awa|भ}}, {{l-self|awa|म}}, {{l-self|awa|य}}, {{l-self|awa|र}}, {{l-self|awa|ल}}, {{l-self|awa|व}}, {{l-self|awa|श}}, {{l-self|awa|ष}}, {{l-self|awa|स}}, {{l-self|awa|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|awa|author=Bible League International|work=पवित्तर बाइबिल|year=2025|entry=उत्पत्ति 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2560/GEN.1.AERV}} =={{langname|bhj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Bahing, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bhj|'''ओ'''खु|tr='''o'''khu|[[mía]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{letters|lang=bhj|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bahing|अ|आ|इ|उ|उ़|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|स|ह|ॽ}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Dr. Netra Mani Dumi Rai|work=Bahing – Nepali – English Dictionary|year=2023|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/bahing/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=bhj&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|vjk}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Bajjika|𑂋]] |- ! Tirhuta | [[𑒍#Tiếng_Bajjika|𑒍]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|vjk|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|vjk|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị phụ âm '''/oː/''' trong tiếng Bajjika. #:{{quote|vjk|उ लोगसब जोन सुरुसे हि परमेश्‍वरके वचनके गबाह आ सेवक रहलइ, '''ओ'''कनीसब इ चिज हमनीके सोप देलकइ।|tr=U logsab jon suruse hi Parmeshwarke bachanke gabah a sewak rahalai, '''o'''knisab i chij hamnīke sop delkai.|theo như các người chứng-kiến từ lúc ban đầu và trở nên người giảng đạo đã truyền lại cho chúng ta, ([[s:Lu-ca/1#1:2|Lu-ca 1:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|vjk|author=Manna Harvest, Bajjika Translation Committee & Wycliffe Bible Translators Inc.|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/vjk/osa/bible/#/text Bajjika Bible 1.0]|year=2026|entry=लूका १}} =={{langname|bft}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ả Rập | [[و#Tiếng_Balti|و]] |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Balti|ཨོ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bft|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bft|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Balti, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Balti|list={{l-self|bft|अ}}, {{l-self|bft|आ}}, {{l-self|bft|इ}}, {{l-self|bft|ई}}, {{l-self|bft|उ}}, {{l-self|bft|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bft|ऍ}}, {{l-self|bft|ए}}, {{l-self|bft|ओˇ}}, {{l-self|bft|ओ}}, {{l-self|bft|क}}, {{l-self|bft|ख}}, {{l-self|bft|ग}}, {{l-self|bft|क़}}, {{l-self|bft|ङ}}, {{l-self|bft|च}}, {{l-self|bft|छ}}, {{l-self|bft|ज}}, {{l-self|bft|ञ}}, {{l-self|bft|च़}}, {{l-self|bft|छ़}}, {{l-self|bft|त}}, {{l-self|bft|थ}}, {{l-self|bft|द}}, {{l-self|bft|न}}, {{l-self|bft|ट}}, {{l-self|bft|ठ}}, {{l-self|bft|ड}}, {{l-self|bft|प}}, {{l-self|bft|फ}}, {{l-self|bft|ब}}, {{l-self|bft|म}}, {{l-self|bft|फ़}}, {{l-self|bft|य}}, {{l-self|bft|र}}, {{l-self|bft|ल}}, {{l-self|bft|व}}, {{l-self|bft|स}}, {{l-self|bft|श}}, {{l-self|bft|ज़}}, {{l-self|bft|झ़}}, {{l-self|bft|ख़}}, {{l-self|bft|घ़}}, {{l-self|bft|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Richard Keith Sprigg|title=Balti-English English-Balti Dictionary|year=2002|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780700713806|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3Pjk-4ZshMC}} =={{langname|bap}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|bap|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bap|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Bantawa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|bap|खोन्‍किना रात्‍खामिचिआ याङ अ़लोआकि म़चिन्‍तुचिवा म़चुवा, खोन्‍कि यहुदिचिदा आय़'''ओ''' लेन्‌तारि '''ओ''' दुम्‌ङा फेसायुङ्‌सा।|tr=Khonkina ratkhamiciā yaṅ aloāki macintucivā macuvā, khonki Yahudicidā āy'''o''' lentāri '''o''' dumṅā phesāyuṅsā.|Mấy tên lính đó lấy bạc, và làm theo như lời. Tiếng ấy đã đồn ra trong dân Giu-đa cho đến ngày nay. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/28#28:15|Ma-thi-ơ 28:15]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bantawa|list={{l-self|bap|अ}}, {{l-self|bap|अ़}}, {{l-self|bap|आ}}, {{l-self|bap|इ}}, {{l-self|bap|उ}}, {{l-self|bap|उ़}}, {{l-self|bap|ए}}, {{l-self|bap|ओ}}, {{l-self|bap|अ៱}}, {{l-self|bap|क}}, {{l-self|bap|ख}}, {{l-self|bap|ग}}, {{l-self|bap|घ}}, {{l-self|bap|ङ}}, {{l-self|bap|च}}, {{l-self|bap|छ}}, {{l-self|bap|ज}}, {{l-self|bap|झ}}, {{l-self|bap|त}}, {{l-self|bap|थ}}, {{l-self|bap|द}}, {{l-self|bap|ध}}, {{l-self|bap|न}}, {{l-self|bap|प}}, {{l-self|bap|फ}}, {{l-self|bap|ब}}, {{l-self|bap|भ}}, {{l-self|bap|म}}, {{l-self|bap|य}}, {{l-self|bap|र}} ({{l-self|bap|ऱ}}), {{l-self|bap|ल}}, {{l-self|bap|व}}, {{l-self|bap|स}}, {{l-self|bap|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Werner Winter|title=A Bantawa Dictionary|year=2003|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=9783110177107|page=34|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTuMWRZ8OfkC&pg=PA84}} *{{Chú thích web|bap|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/en-GB/bible/3060/MAT.28.BAP|entry=मत्‍ति 28|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|year=2025|work=बान्‍तावा राई}} =={{langname|byw}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|byw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|byw|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Belhariya, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{letters|lang=byw|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Belhariya|अ|इ|उ|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|ष|ह}} =={{langname|bhd}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhd|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhd|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhadarwah. #:{{ux|bhd|'''ओ'''बद्याह|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bhd|author=Beyond Translation|work=भड्लाई भाषाई मां पवित्र शास्त्र|year=2020|entry=ओबद्याह 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2767/OBA.1.BHDNT}} =={{langname|bgw}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Bhatri|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bgw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bgw|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhatri. #:{{ux|bgw|मातर मरियम बेटा पा'''ओ'''तले ईसुप ताके ना चिंयला। आवरी आंय पिलार नांव ईसु सोंगायला।|tr=mātara mariyama beṭā pā'''o'''tale īsupa tāke nā ciṃyalā. āvarī āṃya pilāra nāṃva īsu soṃgāyalā.|song không hề ăn-ở với cho đến khi người sanh một trai, thì đặt tên là Jêsus. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/1#1:25|Ma-thi-ơ 1:25]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bgw|author=Indian Evangelical Mission|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/BGWIEM/MAT/1|entry=मती लिकला नंगत खबर 1|work=Bible.is|year=2022}} =={{langname|bht}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bht|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bht|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhattiyat. #:{{quote|bht|प्रभु परमेश्वर बोलदा है, “मैं अलफा कने '''ओ'''मेगा है, मतलब की मैं ही है जिनी सारियां चीजां दी शुरुआत किती, कने मैं ही है जिनी सारियां चीजां जो खत्म करणा, कने मैं ही है जड़ा हमेशा ला था, कने जड़ा औणे बाला है, मैं सारयां ला शक्तिशाली है।|tr=Prabhu Parameśvara boldā hai, “Maiṁ alphā kane '''o'''mēgā hai, matalaba kī maiṁ hī hai jinī sāriyāṁ cīzāṁ dī śurū'āta kītī, kane maiṁ hī hai jinī sāriyāṁ cīzāṁ jō khatama karaṇā, kane maiṁ hī hai jeṛā hamēśā lā thā, kane jeṛā āuṇē bālā hai, maiṁ sāriyāṁ lā śaktīśālī hai.”|Chúa là Đức Chúa Trời, Đấng hiện có, đã có, và còn đến, là Đấng Toàn-năng, phán rằng: Ta là An-pha và Ô-mê-ga. ([[s:Khải huyền/1#1:8|Khải huyền 1:8]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bht|author=Beyond Translation|work=भटियाली नोआ नियम|year=2020|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3245/REV.1.BHTNT}} =={{langname|bhb}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Bhil|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Bhil, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhil|list={{l-self|bhb|अ}}, {{l-self|bhb|आ}}, {{l-self|bhb|इ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ई}}, {{l-self|bhb|उ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ए}}, {{l-self|bhb|ऐ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ओ}}, {{l-self|bhb|औ}}, {{l-self|bhb|अं}}, {{l-self|bhb|क}}, {{l-self|bhb|ख}}, {{l-self|bhb|ग}}, {{l-self|bhb|घ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ङ}}, {{l-self|bhb|च}}, {{l-self|bhb|ज}}, {{l-self|bhb|ट}}, {{l-self|bhb|ठ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ड}}, {{l-self|bhb|ढ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ण}}, {{l-self|bhb|त}}, {{l-self|bhb|थ}}, {{l-self|bhb|द}}, {{l-self|bhb|ध}}, {{l-self|bhb|न}}, {{l-self|bhb|प}}, {{l-self|bhb|फ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ब}}, {{l-self|bhb|भ}}, {{l-self|bhb|म}}, {{l-self|bhb|य}}, {{l-self|bhb|र}}, {{l-self|bhb|ल}}, {{l-self|bhb|ळ}}, {{l-self|bhb|व}}, {{l-self|bhb|श}}, {{l-self|bhb|स}}, {{l-self|bhb|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Stephen Watters|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/16/54/22/165422481227949765106602053433447679464/silesr2013_004.pdf A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Bhils of Northern Dhule District]|year=2013|publisher=SIL International|location=Dallas, Texas}} =={{langname|bho}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Bhojpur|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{bho-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bho|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 4 trong tiếng Bhojpur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bho|'''ओ'''धी|[[thực vật]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhojpur|list={{l-self|bho|अ}}, {{l-self|bho|आ}}, {{l-self|bho|इ}}, {{l-self|bho|ई}}, {{l-self|bho|उ}}, {{l-self|bho|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bho|ए}}, {{l-self|bho|ऐ}}, {{l-self|bho|ओ}}, {{l-self|bho|औ}}, {{l-self|bho|अः}}, {{l-self|bho|अँ}}, {{l-self|bho|क}}, {{l-self|bho|ख}}, {{l-self|bho|ग}}, {{l-self|bho|घ}}, {{l-self|bho|ङ}}, {{l-self|bho|च}}, {{l-self|bho|छ}}, {{l-self|bho|ज}}, {{l-self|bho|झ}}, {{l-self|bho|ञ}}, {{l-self|bho|ट}}, {{l-self|bho|ठ}}, {{l-self|bho|ड}}, {{l-self|bho|ड़}}, {{l-self|bho|ढ}}, {{l-self|bho|ढ़}}, {{l-self|bho|ण}}, {{l-self|bho|त}}, {{l-self|bho|थ}}, {{l-self|bho|द}}, {{l-self|bho|ध}}, {{l-self|bho|न}}, {{l-self|bho|प}}, {{l-self|bho|फ}}, {{l-self|bho|ब}}, {{l-self|bho|भ}}, {{l-self|bho|म}}, {{l-self|bho|य}}, {{l-self|bho|र}}, {{l-self|bho|ल}}, {{l-self|bho|व}}, {{l-self|bho|श}}, {{l-self|bho|ष}}, {{l-self|bho|स}}, {{l-self|bho|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Bhojpuri – Hindi Dictionary|year=2019|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/bhojpuri/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?letter=%E0%A4%86&key=bho|entry=आ}} =={{langname|byh}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|byh|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|byh|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Bhujel, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhujel'') [[अ#Tiếng_Bhujel|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Bhujel|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Bhujel|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Bhujel|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Bhujel|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Bhujel|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Bhujel|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Bhujel|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Bhujel|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Bhujel|ङ]], [[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ङ्ह]], [[च#Tiếng_Bhujel|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Bhujel|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Bhujel|ज]], [[त#Tiếng_Bhujel|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Bhujel|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Bhujel|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Bhujel|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Bhujel|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Bhujel|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Bhujel|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Bhujel|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Bhujel|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|य्ह]], [[र#Tiếng_Bhujel|र]], [[ऱ्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ऱ्ह]], [[ल#Tiếng_Bhujel|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Bhujel|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|व्ह]], [[स#Tiếng_Bhujel|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ह]] =={{langname|aav-bhu}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ol Onal | [[𞗔#Tiếng_Bhumij|𞗔]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Bhumij|ଓ]] |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Bhumij|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|aav-bhu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|aav-bhu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Bhumij, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhumij|list={{l-self|aav-bhu|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ष|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ह|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ढ़|tr=-}}}} =={{langname|bhu}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Bhunjia|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhunjia. #:{{quote|bhu|'''ओ'''खर माध्यम लग हमके सगलू सिधान्त आदेस के निता अनुगरह के चेला मिले हबै, कि '''ओ'''खर नाम के कारन सगलू मनसे बिस्वास करके '''ओ'''खर बात मानै।|tr='''O'''khar mādhyam lag hamke sagalū siddhānt ādes ke nitā anugrah ke celā mile habai, ki '''o'''khar nām ke kāran sagalū manase bisvās karke '''o'''khar bāt mānai.|nhờ Ngài chúng ta đã nhận-lãnh ân-điển và chức sứ-đồ, để đem mọi dân ngoại đến sự vâng-phục của đức-tin, vì danh Ngài, ([[s:Rô-ma/1#1:5|Rô-ma 1:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bhu|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/en-GB/bible/3712/ROM.1.BTP25|entry=रोमियो 1|work=Bhumiya Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|kfs}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Bilaspur|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfs|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfs|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Bilaspur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kfs|फेरी मैं तित्थी इक चिट्टे रंगा रा घोड़ा देख्या, कने तिसरे स्वारे धनुष लेईरा, कने तिस्सो इक मुकुट दित्या गया; कने सै इक विजेते साई निकल़या भई होर बी विजय पा'''ओ'''।|Tôi nhìn xem, thấy một con ngựa bạch. Người cỡi ngựa có một cái cung; có kẻ ban cho người một cái mão triều-thiên, và người đi như kẻ đã thắng lại đến đâu cũng thắng. ([[s:Khải huyền/6#6:2|Khải huyền 6:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bilaspur|list={{l-self|kfs|अ}}, {{l-self|kfs|आ}}, {{l-self|kfs|इ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ई}}, {{l-self|kfs|उ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ए}}, {{l-self|kfs|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ओ}}, {{l-self|kfs|औ}}, {{l-self|kfs|अँ}}, {{l-self|kfs|अं}}, {{l-self|kfs|क}}, {{l-self|kfs|ख}}, {{l-self|kfs|ग }}, {{l-self|kfs|घ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ङ}}, {{l-self|kfs|च}}, {{l-self|kfs|छ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ज}}, {{l-self|kfs|झ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ञ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ट}}, {{l-self|kfs|ठ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ड}}, {{l-self|kfs|ड़}}, {{l-self|kfs|ढ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ण}}, {{l-self|kfs|त}}, {{l-self|kfs|थ}}, {{l-self|kfs|द}}, {{l-self|kfs|ध}}, {{l-self|kfs|न}}, {{l-self|kfs|प}}, {{l-self|kfs|फ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ब}}, {{l-self|kfs|भ}}, {{l-self|kfs|म}}, {{l-self|kfs|य}}, {{l-self|kfs|र}}, {{l-self|kfs|ल}}, {{l-self|kfs|व}}, {{l-self|kfs|ल़}}, {{l-self|kfs|श}}, {{l-self|kfs|ष}}, {{l-self|kfs|स}}, {{l-self|kfs|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfs|author=The Love Fellowship|work=बिलासपुरी नौआं नियम|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 6|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2768/REV.6.KFSNT}} =={{langname|biy}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|biy|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|biy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Birhor, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|biy|[[ओड़ाः#Tiếng_Birhor|'''ओ'''ड़ाः]]|[[nhà]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Birhor|list={{l-self|biy|अ}}, {{l-self|biy|आ}}, {{l-self|biy|इ}}, {{l-self|biy|ई}}, {{l-self|biy|उ}}, {{l-self|biy|ऊ}}, {{l-self|biy|ए}}, {{l-self|biy|ऐ}}, {{l-self|biy|ओ}}, {{l-self|biy|औ}}, {{l-self|biy|क}}, {{l-self|biy|क्ष}}, {{l-self|biy|ख}}, {{l-self|biy|ग}}, {{l-self|biy|घ}}, {{l-self|biy|ङ}}, {{l-self|biy|च}}, {{l-self|biy|छ}}, {{l-self|biy|ज}}, {{l-self|biy|झ}}, {{l-self|biy|ञ}}, {{l-self|biy|ट}}, {{l-self|biy|ठ}}, {{l-self|biy|ड}}, {{l-self|biy|ड़}}, {{l-self|biy|ढ}}, {{l-self|biy|ण}}, {{l-self|biy|त}}, {{l-self|biy|थ}}, {{l-self|biy|द}}, {{l-self|biy|ध}}, {{l-self|biy|न}}, {{l-self|biy|प}}, {{l-self|biy|फ}}, {{l-self|biy|ब}}, {{l-self|biy|भ}}, {{l-self|biy|म}}, {{l-self|biy|य}}, {{l-self|biy|र}}, {{l-self|biy|ल}}, {{l-self|biy|ळ}}, {{l-self|biy|व}}, {{l-self|biy|श}}, {{l-self|biy|ष}}, {{l-self|biy|स}}, {{l-self|biy|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *[https://livingdictionaries.app/birhor/entries/list Từ điển tiếng Birhor] tại Living Dictionaries. =={{langname|brx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|brx|[ɯ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|brx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Bodo, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bodo|list={{l-self|brx|अ}}, {{l-self|brx|आ}}, {{l-self|brx|इ}}, {{l-self|brx|ई}}, {{l-self|brx|उ}}, {{l-self|brx|ऊ}}, {{l-self|brx|ऋ}}, {{l-self|brx|ए}}, {{l-self|brx|ऐ}}, {{l-self|brx|ओ}}, {{l-self|brx|औ}}, {{l-self|brx|क}}, {{l-self|brx|ख}}, {{l-self|brx|ग}}, {{l-self|brx|घ}}, {{l-self|brx|ङ}}, {{l-self|brx|च}}, {{l-self|brx|छ}}, {{l-self|brx|ज}}, {{l-self|brx|ट}}, {{l-self|brx|ठ}}, {{l-self|brx|ड}}, {{l-self|brx|त}}, {{l-self|brx|थ}}, {{l-self|brx|द}}, {{l-self|brx|ध}}, {{l-self|brx|न}}, {{l-self|brx|प}}, {{l-self|brx|फ}}, {{l-self|brx|ब}}, {{l-self|brx|भ}}, {{l-self|brx|म}}, {{l-self|brx|य}}, {{l-self|brx|र}}, {{l-self|brx|ल}}, {{l-self|brx|व}}, {{l-self|brx|श}}, {{l-self|brx|स}}, {{l-self|brx|ह}}, {{l-self|brx|त्}}, {{l-self|brx|ड़}}, {{l-self|brx|ढ़}}, {{l-self|brx|क्ष}}}} =={{langname|bra}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bra|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bra|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Braj, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|bra|जि सबरी बात जा बजैह ते हैरइऐं कै, पिरभू के बे वचन जो परमेस्‍वर की '''ओ'''र ते बात बतायबे बारेन के द्वारा कहे गये हते, बे पूरे होंय।|Mọi việc đã xảy ra như vậy, để cho ứng-nghiệm lời Chúa đã dùng đấng tiên-tri mà phán rằng: ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/1#1:22|Ma-thi-ơ 1:22]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Braj|list={{l-self|bra|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ऋ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ढ़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ष|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ह|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|title=Braj Bhasha Dictionary|year=19xx|volume=1|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/BrajBhashaDictionary/Braj%20Bhasha%20Dictionary%20Part%201/page/n187|page=448}} *{{Chú thích web|bra|author=New Life Computer Institute|work=बृज भासा|year=2025|entry=मत्‍ती 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3797/MAT.1.BRAJ}} =={{langname|rab}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rab|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rab|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Camling, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Camling|list={{l-self|rab|अ}}, {{l-self|rab|आ}}, {{l-self|rab|इ}}, {{l-self|rab|ई}}, {{l-self|rab|उ}}, {{l-self|rab|ऊ}}, {{l-self|rab|ए}}, {{l-self|rab|ऐ}}, {{l-self|rab|ओ}}, {{l-self|rab|औ}}, {{l-self|rab|क}}, {{l-self|rab|ख}}, {{l-self|rab|ग}}, {{l-self|rab|घ}}, {{l-self|rab|ङ}}, {{l-self|rab|च}}, {{l-self|rab|छ}}, {{l-self|rab|ज}}, {{l-self|rab|झ}}, {{l-self|rab|ञ}}, {{l-self|rab|ट}}, {{l-self|rab|ठ}}, {{l-self|rab|ड}}, {{l-self|rab|ढ}}, {{l-self|rab|ण}}, {{l-self|rab|त}}, {{l-self|rab|थ}}, {{l-self|rab|द}}, {{l-self|rab|ध}}, {{l-self|rab|न}}, {{l-self|rab|प}}, {{l-self|rab|फ}}, {{l-self|rab|ब}}, {{l-self|rab|भ}}, {{l-self|rab|म}}, {{l-self|rab|य}}, {{l-self|rab|र}}, {{l-self|rab|ल}}, {{l-self|rab|व}}, {{l-self|rab|श}}, {{l-self|rab|ष}}, {{l-self|rab|स}}, {{l-self|rab|ह}}}} =={{langname|cdh}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Chamba|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cdh|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cdh|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Chamba, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|cdh|'''ओ''' असा रे परमेश्वर, “तुसी अराधना रे काबिल हिन। तुसा आदरमान रे काबिल हिन। तुसा ताकतवर हिन किजोकी तुसा ने सब किच्‍छ बणाया। ए तुसा री मर्जी थी इधेरे तांइ तुसा ने से सब किच्‍छ बणाया ते तिन्हेरे अवे वजूद है।”|Lạy Đức Chúa Trời là Chúa chúng tôi, Chúa đáng được vinh-hiển, tôn-quí và quyền-lực; vì Chúa đã dựng nên muôn vật, và ấy là vì ý-muốn Chúa mà muôn-vật mới có và đã được dựng nên. ([[s:Khải huyền/4#4:11|Khải huyền 4:11]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagar tiếng Chamba|list={{l-self|cdh|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|अँ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|अः|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ष|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ह|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ढ़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ळ|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Julia Bischoffberger|title=The ASJP Database|year=2025|work=[https://asjp.clld.org/languages/CHAMBEALI Wordlist Chambeali]}} *{{Chú thích web|cdh|author=The Love Fellowship|work=चम्बयाली नौआ नियम|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशित वाक्य 4|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2968/REV.4.CDHNT}} =={{langname|chx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|chx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|chx|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Chantyal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Chantyal|list={{l-self|chx|अ}}, {{l-self|chx|आ}}, {{l-self|chx|इ}}, {{l-self|chx|ई}}, {{l-self|chx|उ}}, {{l-self|chx|ऊ}}, {{l-self|chx|ए}}, {{l-self|chx|एै}}, {{l-self|chx|ओ}}, {{l-self|chx|औ}}, {{l-self|chx|क}}, {{l-self|chx|ख}}, {{l-self|chx|ग}}, {{l-self|chx|घ}}, {{l-self|chx|ङ}}, {{l-self|chx|क्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ख्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|च}}, {{l-self|chx|छ}}, {{l-self|chx|ज}}, {{l-self|chx|झ}}, {{l-self|chx|ञ}}, {{l-self|chx|च्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ञ्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ट}}, {{l-self|chx|ठ}}, {{l-self|chx|ड}}, {{l-self|chx|ढ}}, {{l-self|chx|त}}, {{l-self|chx|थ}}, {{l-self|chx|द}}, {{l-self|chx|ध}}, {{l-self|chx|न}}, {{l-self|chx|त्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|थ्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|न्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|प}}, {{l-self|chx|फ}}, {{l-self|chx|ब}}, {{l-self|chx|भ}}, {{l-self|chx|म}}, {{l-self|chx|प्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|म्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|य}}, {{l-self|chx|र}}, {{l-self|chx|ल}}, {{l-self|chx|व}}, {{l-self|chx|ऱ्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ल्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|श}}, {{l-self|chx|स}}, {{l-self|chx|ह}}, {{l-self|chx|स्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ह्य}}, {{l-self|chx|ह्व}}}} =={{langname|cdm}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cdm|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cdm|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Chepang, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|cdm|'''ओ'''घ|tr='''o'''gha|[[tuổi thọ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Chepang'') [[अ#Tiếng_Chepang|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Chepang|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Chepang|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Chepang|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Chepang|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Chepang|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Chepang|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Chepang|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Chepang|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Chepang|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Chepang|ङ]], [[ङ्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|ङ्‍ह]], [[च#Tiếng_Chepang|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Chepang|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Chepang|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Chepang|झ]], [[त#Tiếng_Chepang|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Chepang|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Chepang|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Chepang|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Chepang|न]], [[न्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|न्‍ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Chepang|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Chepang|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Chepang|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Chepang|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Chepang|म]], [[म्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|म्‍ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Chepang|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Chepang|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Chepang|ह्र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Chepang|ल]], [[ल्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|ल्‍ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Chepang|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Chepang|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Chepang|ह]], [[ड#Tiếng_Chepang|ड]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Ross Caughley|entry=ओ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/chepang/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?letter=%E0%A4%93&key=cdm|publisher=SIL International|year=2016|work=Chepang – Nepali – English Dictionary}} =={{langname|hne}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Chhattisgarh|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|hne|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hne|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Chhattisgarh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|hne|'''ओ'''बदयाह|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Chhattisgarh|list={{l-self|hne|अ}}, {{l-self|hne|आ}}, {{l-self|hne|इ}}, {{l-self|hne|ई}}, {{l-self|hne|उ}}, {{l-self|hne|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hne|ऋ}}, {{l-self|hne|ए}}, {{l-self|hne|ऐ}}, {{l-self|hne|ओ}}, {{l-self|hne|औ}}, {{l-self|hne|अं}}, {{l-self|hne|अः}}, {{l-self|hne|अँ}}, {{l-self|hne|क}}, {{l-self|hne|ख}}, {{l-self|hne|ग}}, {{l-self|hne|घ}}, {{l-self|hne|ङ}}, {{l-self|hne|च}}, {{l-self|hne|छ}}, {{l-self|hne|ज}}, {{l-self|hne|झ}}, {{l-self|hne|ञ}}, {{l-self|hne|ट}}, {{l-self|hne|ठ}}, {{l-self|hne|ड}}, {{l-self|hne|ढ}}, {{l-self|hne|ण}}, {{l-self|hne|त}}, {{l-self|hne|थ}}, {{l-self|hne|द}}, {{l-self|hne|ध}}, {{l-self|hne|न}}, {{l-self|hne|प}}, {{l-self|hne|फ}}, {{l-self|hne|ब}}, {{l-self|hne|भ}}, {{l-self|hne|म}}, {{l-self|hne|य}}, {{l-self|hne|र}}, {{l-self|hne|ल}}, {{l-self|hne|व}}, {{l-self|hne|श}}, {{l-self|hne|ष}}, {{l-self|hne|स}}, {{l-self|hne|ह}}, {{l-self|hne|क्ष}}, {{l-self|hne|त्र}}, {{l-self|hne|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|hne|श्र}}, {{l-self|hne|ड़}}, {{l-self|hne|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hne|author=Biblica, Inc.|work=पबितर बाईबल,समकालीन छत्तीसगढ़ी अनुवाद|year=2024|entry=ओबदयाह 1|entryurl=https://ebible.org/hne/OBA01.htm}} =={{langname|cih}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Chinal|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cih|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cih|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Chinal. #:{{ux|cih|'''ओ'''ठे|tr='''o'''ṭhe|ở [[đó]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|cdj}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Churah|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cdj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cdj|Chữ cái}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Churah. #:{{quote|cdj|ऐ सभ गलै पूरी भौ गियोरी अत्ति। आंउ अल्फा जां '''ओ'''मेगा शुरूवात जां अंत आ। जै कोई बि त्रिशणा आ, तेसनी मूं तैस पांणिरै कुंडा मझां मुफ्त मझ पांणी पींणुनि दींणु, जै पांणी अनन्त जीवन दींतु।|Xong rồi! Ta là An-pha và Ô-mê-ga, nghĩa là đầu-tiên và cuối-cùng. Kẻ nào khát, ta sẽ lấy nước suối sự sống mà ban cho nhưng-không. ([[s:Khải huyền/21#21:6|Khải huyền 21:6]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|cdj|author=Beyond Translation|work=चुराही नवाँ नियम|year=2020|entry=प्रकाशित वाक्य 21|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3250/REV.21.CDJNT}} =={{langname|dhw}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dhw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dhw|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Danuwar, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|dhw|'''ओ'''इले थुप्‍रे इस्‍राएलिसिका '''ओ'''कर्सिक आप्‍न पर्मेसोरभर घुमाइक आन्‍तो।|tr='''o'''ile thupre isrā'elīsikā '''o'''karsik āpna parmeśorabhar ghumāik ānto.|Người sẽ làm cho nhiều con trai Y-sơ-ra-ên trở lại cùng Chúa, là Đức Chúa Trời của họ; ([[s:Lu-ca/1#1:16|Lu-ca 1:16]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Danuwar|list={{l-self|dhw|अ}}, {{l-self|dhw|आ}}, {{l-self|dhw|इ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ई}}, {{l-self|dhw|उ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ऊ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ए}}, {{l-self|dhw|ऐ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ओ}}, {{l-self|dhw|औ}}, {{l-self|dhw|अँ}}, {{l-self|dhw|क}}, {{l-self|dhw|ख}}, {{l-self|dhw|ग}}, {{l-self|dhw|घ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ङ}}, {{l-self|dhw|च}}, {{l-self|dhw|छ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ज}}, {{l-self|dhw|झ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ञ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ट}}, {{l-self|dhw|ठ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ड}}, {{l-self|dhw|ढ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ण}}, {{l-self|dhw|त}}, {{l-self|dhw|थ}}, {{l-self|dhw|द}}, {{l-self|dhw|ध}}, {{l-self|dhw|न}}, {{l-self|dhw|प}}, {{l-self|dhw|फ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ब}}, {{l-self|dhw|भ}}, {{l-self|dhw|म}}, {{l-self|dhw|य}}, {{l-self|dhw|र}}, {{l-self|dhw|ल}}, {{l-self|dhw|व}}, {{l-self|dhw|श}}, {{l-self|dhw|ष}}, {{l-self|dhw|स}}, {{l-self|dhw|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dhw|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4355/LUK.1.DANU|entry=लुका 1|work=दनुवारि|year=2024}} =={{langname|dhn}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Dhanka|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dhn|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dhn|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Dhanka, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|dhn|जो मेहनत मानुस इनी धरती पर करे, '''ओ'''का सी हेको काय फायदु जड़े?|tr=jo mehanat mānus inī dharatī par kare, '''o'''kā sī heko kāy phāydu jaṛe?|Các việc lao-khổ loài người làm ra dưới mặt trời, thì được ích-lợi chi? ([[s:Truyền đạo/1#1:10|Truyền đạo 1:10]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhanka|list={{l-self|dhn|अ}}, {{l-self|dhn|आ}}, {{l-self|dhn|इ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ई}}, {{l-self|dhn|उ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ऊ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ए}}, {{l-self|dhn|ऐ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ओ}}, {{l-self|dhn|औ}}, {{l-self|dhn|अं}}, {{l-self|dhn|क}}, {{l-self|dhn|ख}}, {{l-self|dhn|ग}}, {{l-self|dhn|घ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ङ}}, {{l-self|dhn|च}}, {{l-self|dhn|ज}}, {{l-self|dhn|ट}}, {{l-self|dhn|ठ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ड}}, {{l-self|dhn|ढ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ण}}, {{l-self|dhn|त}}, {{l-self|dhn|थ}}, {{l-self|dhn|द}}, {{l-self|dhn|ध}}, {{l-self|dhn|न}}, {{l-self|dhn|प}}, {{l-self|dhn|फ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ब}}, {{l-self|dhn|भ}}, {{l-self|dhn|म}}, {{l-self|dhn|य}}, {{l-self|dhn|र}}, {{l-self|dhn|ल}}, {{l-self|dhn|ळ}}, {{l-self|dhn|व}}, {{l-self|dhn|श}}, {{l-self|dhn|स}}, {{l-self|dhn|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dhn|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4055/ECC.1.DII25|entry=सभोपदेशक 1|work=परमेश्वरन सत्य वचन, नवलो नियम|year=2020}} =={{langname|mki}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mki|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mki|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Dhatki, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhatki'') [[अ#Tiếng_Dhatki|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Dhatki|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Dhatki|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Dhatki|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Dhatki|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Dhatki|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Dhatki|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Dhatki|क]], [[क़#Tiếng_Dhatki|क़]], [[ख#Tiếng_Dhatki|ख]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ख़]], [[ग#Tiếng_Dhatki|ग]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ग़]], [[ॻ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॻ]], [[घ#Tiếng_Dhatki|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Dhatki|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Dhatki|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Dhatki|ज]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ज़]], [[ॼ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॼ]], [[झ#Tiếng_Dhatki|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Dhatki|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Dhatki|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ड़]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॾ]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ढ]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ढ़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Dhatki|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Dhatki|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Dhatki|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Dhatki|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Dhatki|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Dhatki|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Dhatki|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Dhatki|फ]], [[फ़#Tiếng_Dhatki|फ़]], [[ब#Tiếng_Dhatki|ब]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॿ]], [[भ#Tiếng_Dhatki|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Dhatki|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Dhatki|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Dhatki|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Dhatki|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Dhatki|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Dhatki|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Dhatki|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Dhatki|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Dhatki|ह]] =={{langname|dhi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dhi|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dhi|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Dhimal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|dhi|'''ओ'''अ्च्‍लोलि|tr='''o'''acclōli|[[nôn]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhimal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Dhimal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Dhimal|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Dhimal|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Dhimal|इ]], [[इः#Tiếng_Dhimal|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Dhimal|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Dhimal|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Dhimal|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Dhimal|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Dhimal|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Dhimal|अँ]], [[अ्#Tiếng_Dhimal|अ्]], [[क#Tiếng_Dhimal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Dhimal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Dhimal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Dhimal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Dhimal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Dhimal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Dhimal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Dhimal|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Dhimal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Dhimal|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Dhimal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Dhimal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Dhimal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Dhimal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Dhimal|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Dhimal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Dhimal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Dhimal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Dhimal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Dhimal|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Dhimal|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|य्ह]], [[र#Tiếng_Dhimal|र]], [[ऱ्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|ऱ्ह]], [[ल#Tiếng_Dhimal|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Dhimal|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|व्ह]], [[स#Tiếng_Dhimal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|work=Dhimal-Nepali-English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/dhimal/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=dhi&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2020|publisher=SIL International}} =={{langname|dv}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dv|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dv|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 11 trong tiếng Dhivehi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhivehi|list={{l-self|dv|अ}}, {{l-self|dv|आ}}, {{l-self|dv|इ}}, {{l-self|dv|ई}}, {{l-self|dv|उ}}, {{l-self|dv|ऊ}}, {{l-self|dv|ए}}, {{l-self|dv|ऐ}}, {{l-self|dv|र्ए}}, {{l-self|dv|अ̌}}, {{l-self|dv|ओ}}, {{l-self|dv|औ}}, {{l-self|dv|अं}}, {{l-self|dv|अः}}, {{l-self|dv|अठ}}, {{l-self|dv|अथ̊}}, {{l-self|dv|अ̊}}, {{l-self|dv|अँ}}, {{l-self|dv|ऋ}}, {{l-self|dv|अ़}}, {{l-self|dv|क}}, {{l-self|dv|क़}}, {{l-self|dv|ख़}}, {{l-self|dv|ग}}, {{l-self|dv|ग़}}, {{l-self|dv|च}}, {{l-self|dv|च़}}, {{l-self|dv|ज}}, {{l-self|dv|ज़}}, {{l-self|dv|ञ}}, {{l-self|dv|ट}}, {{l-self|dv|ड}}, {{l-self|dv|ण}}, {{l-self|dv|त}}, {{l-self|dv|त़}}, {{l-self|dv|द}}, {{l-self|dv|द़}}, {{l-self|dv|न}}, {{l-self|dv|प}}, {{l-self|dv|फ़}}, {{l-self|dv|ब}}, {{l-self|dv|म}}, {{l-self|dv|य}}, {{l-self|dv|र}}, {{l-self|dv|ल}}, {{l-self|dv|ल़}}, {{l-self|dv|ळ}}, {{l-self|dv|व}}, {{l-self|dv|श}}, {{l-self|dv|श़}}, {{l-self|dv|ष}}, {{l-self|dv|स}}, {{l-self|dv|स़}}, {{l-self|dv|ह}}, {{l-self|dv|ह़}}}} =={{langname|dho}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dho|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dho|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Dhodia. =={{langname|doi}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Dogri|ઓ]] |- ! Dogri | [[𑠈#Tiếng_Dogri|𑠈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|doi|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|doi|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Dogri, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|doi|'''ओ'''ह्|[[nó]] (ở xa)|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dogri|list={{l-self|doi|अ}}, {{l-self|doi|आ}}, {{l-self|doi|इ}}, {{l-self|doi|ई}}, {{l-self|doi|उ}}, {{l-self|doi|ऊ}}, {{l-self|doi|ऋ}}, {{l-self|doi|ए}}, {{l-self|doi|ऐ}}, {{l-self|doi|ओ}}, {{l-self|doi|औ}}, {{l-self|doi|अं}}, {{l-self|doi|क}}, {{l-self|doi|ख}}, {{l-self|doi|ग}}, {{l-self|doi|घ}}, {{l-self|doi|ङ}}, {{l-self|doi|च}}, {{l-self|doi|छ}}, {{l-self|doi|ज}}, {{l-self|doi|झ}}, {{l-self|doi|ञ}}, {{l-self|doi|ट}}, {{l-self|doi|ठ}}, {{l-self|doi|ड}}, {{l-self|doi|ढ}}, {{l-self|doi|ण}}, {{l-self|doi|त}}, {{l-self|doi|थ}}, {{l-self|doi|द}}, {{l-self|doi|ध}}, {{l-self|doi|न}}, {{l-self|doi|प}}, {{l-self|doi|फ}}, {{l-self|doi|ब}}, {{l-self|doi|भ}}, {{l-self|doi|म}}, {{l-self|doi|य}}, {{l-self|doi|र}}, {{l-self|doi|ल}}, {{l-self|doi|व}}, {{l-self|doi|श}}, {{l-self|doi|ष}}, {{l-self|doi|स}}, {{l-self|doi|ह}}, {{l-self|doi|क्ष}}, {{l-self|doi|त्र}}, {{l-self|doi|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|doi|ज़}}, {{l-self|doi|थ़}}, {{l-self|doi|ड़}}, {{l-self|doi|ढ़}}, {{l-self|doi|फ़}}}} =={{langname|dgo}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Dogri_Hindi|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dgo|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dgo|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Dogri Hindi. #:{{quote|dgo|जेसदे कन '''ओं'''न '''ओ''' सुनी ले के आत्मा कलीसिया कन्ने के आखदा ऐ।|tr=jesde kan '''o'''ṁn '''o''' sunī le ke ātmā kalīsiyā kanne ke ākhadā ai.|Ai có tai, hãy nghe lời Đức Thánh-Linh phán cùng các Hội-thánh! ([[s:Khải huyền/3#3:6|Khải huyền 3:6]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dgo|author=The Love Fellowship|work=डोगरी नवां नियम|year=2026|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 3|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2958/REV.3.DOG}} =={{langname|dty}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dty|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dty|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Doteli, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|dty|पइ मइले बादलले घेर्या अर्खा बलबान स्वर्गदुतलाइ स्वर्ग बठेइ '''ओ'''ल्या धेक्या। तिनरा मुन्टाका वलतिर पलतिर इन्नाराइन थिइ रे तिनरो अनार सुर्य जसो चम्किलो थ्यो उनरा खुट्टा बल्लार्या आगाका खामा जसा थ्या।|Đoạn, tôi lại thấy một vị thiên-sứ khác sức mạnh lắm, ở từ trời xuống, có đám mây bao-bọc lấy. Trên đầu người có mống; mặt người giống như mặt trời và chơn như trụ lửa. ([[s:Khải huyền/10#10:1|Khải huyền 10:1]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Doteli'') [[अ#Tiếng_Doteli|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Doteli|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Doteli|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Doteli|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Doteli|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Doteli|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Doteli|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Doteli|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Doteli|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Doteli|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Doteli|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Doteli|अः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Doteli|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Doteli|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Doteli|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Doteli|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Doteli|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Doteli|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Doteli|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Doteli|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Doteli|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Doteli|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Doteli|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Doteli|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Doteli|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Doteli|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Doteli|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Doteli|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Doteli|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Doteli|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Doteli|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Doteli|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Doteli|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Doteli|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Doteli|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Doteli|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Doteli|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Doteli|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Doteli|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Doteli|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Doteli|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Doteli|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Doteli|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Doteli|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Doteli|स]], [[स#Tiếng_Doteli|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Doteli|ह]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Doteli|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Doteli|ढ़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dty|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3503/REV.10.DTYNT|entry=प्रकाश 10|work=डोटेली नयाँ करार|year=2025}} =={{langname|dus}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dus|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dus|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Dumi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|dus|'''ओ'''छेप|tr='''o'''chēpa|[[giường]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dumi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Dumi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Dumi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Dumi|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Dumi|उ]], [[उ़#Tiếng_Dumi|उ़]], [[ए#Tiếng_Dumi|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Dumi|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Dumi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Dumi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Dumi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Dumi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Dumi|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Dumi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Dumi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Dumi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Dumi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Dumi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Dumi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Dumi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Dumi|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Dumi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Dumi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Dumi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Dumi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Dumi|न]] ([[ऩ#Tiếng_Dumi|ऩ]]), [[प#Tiếng_Dumi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Dumi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Dumi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Dumi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Dumi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Dumi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Dumi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Dumi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Dumi|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Dumi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Dumi|ह]], [[ॽ#Tiếng_Dumi|ॽ]] ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|dus|Đại từ|tr=o}} #[[đó|Đó]] ==={{ĐM|pref}}=== {{head|dus|Tiền tố|tr=o}} #Đánh dấu ngôi thứ nhất. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Dr. Netra Mani Dumi Rai|work=Dumi – Nepali – English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/dumi/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=dus&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2016|publisher=SIL International}} =={{langname|pci}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pci|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pci|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Duruwa. #:{{ux|pci|'''ओ'''लेक|tr='''o'''lek|[[nhà]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=D. Selwyn Joseph & Selvi Michael|page=12|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/13/49/80/134980156912388403723813021095818766285/JLSR2021_034.pdf A Sociolinguistic Survey among the Dhurwa of Madhya Pradesh and Orissa]|year=2021|publisher=SIL International|location=Dallas, Texas}} =={{langname|gbk}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gbk|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gbk|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Gaddi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|gbk|पर मन्दरा रै बाहरा रा अँगणा छड़ी दे; तैति'''ओ''' मत नाप क्'''ओ'''कि सो मिन्जो पुर विस्वास ना करनै बाळै जो दितुरा हा, अतै तिन्या पवित्र नगर यरूशलेम जो बताळी महीनै तक रोंदणा।|Còn sân ngoài đền-thờ thì hãy để nó ra ngoài, đừng đo làm chi; vì chỗ đó đã phó cho dân ngoại, họ sẽ giày-đạp thành thánh đủ bốn mươi hai tháng. ([[s:Khải huyền/11#11:2|Khải huyền 11:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Gaddi|list={{l-self|gbk|अ}}, {{l-self|gbk|आ}}, {{l-self|gbk|इ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ई}}, {{l-self|gbk|उ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ए}}, {{l-self|gbk|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ओ}}, {{l-self|gbk|औ}}, {{l-self|gbk|अँ}}, {{l-self|gbk|अं}}, {{l-self|gbk|क}}, {{l-self|gbk|ख}}, {{l-self|gbk|ग }}, {{l-self|gbk|घ}}, {{l-self|gbk|च}}, {{l-self|gbk|छ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ज}}, {{l-self|gbk|झ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ट}}, {{l-self|gbk|ठ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ड}}, {{l-self|gbk|ड़}}, {{l-self|gbk|ढ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ण}}, {{l-self|gbk|त}}, {{l-self|gbk|थ}}, {{l-self|gbk|द}}, {{l-self|gbk|ध}}, {{l-self|gbk|न}}, {{l-self|gbk|प}}, {{l-self|gbk|फ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ब}}, {{l-self|gbk|भ}}, {{l-self|gbk|म}}, {{l-self|gbk|य}}, {{l-self|gbk|र}}, {{l-self|gbk|ल}}, {{l-self|gbk|व}}, {{l-self|gbk|ल़}}, {{l-self|gbk|श}}/{{l-self|gbk|स}}, {{l-self|gbk|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gbk|author=The Love Fellowship|work=गददी|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशित वाक्य 11|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2959/REV.11.GBKNT}} =={{langname|bfu}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Gahri|𑚈]] |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Gahri|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|bfu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bfu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Gahri. #:{{ux|bfu|'''ओ'''क|tr='''o'''k|[[đá cuội]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|gbl}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Gamit|ઓ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gbl|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gbl|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Gamit, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|gbl|हिब्रू'''ओ'''ने पत्र|tr=hibrū'''o'''ne patra|[[s:Hê-bơ-rơ|Hê-bơ-rơ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Gamit|list={{l-self|gbl|अ}}, {{l-self|gbl|आ}}, {{l-self|gbl|इ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ई}}, {{l-self|gbl|उ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ए}}, {{l-self|gbl|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ओ}}, {{l-self|gbl|औ}}, {{l-self|gbl|अं}}, {{l-self|gbl|क}}, {{l-self|gbl|ख}}, {{l-self|gbl|ग}}, {{l-self|gbl|घ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ङ}}, {{l-self|gbl|च}}, {{l-self|gbl|ज}}, {{l-self|gbl|ट}}, {{l-self|gbl|ठ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ड}}, {{l-self|gbl|ढ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ण}}, {{l-self|gbl|त}}, {{l-self|gbl|थ}}, {{l-self|gbl|द}}, {{l-self|gbl|ध}}, {{l-self|gbl|न}}, {{l-self|gbl|प}}, {{l-self|gbl|फ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ब}}, {{l-self|gbl|भ}}, {{l-self|gbl|म}}, {{l-self|gbl|य}}, {{l-self|gbl|र}}, {{l-self|gbl|ल}}, {{l-self|gbl|ळ}}, {{l-self|gbl|व}}, {{l-self|gbl|श}}, {{l-self|gbl|स}}, {{l-self|gbl|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gbl|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3504/HEB.1.GBLNT|entry=હિબ્રૂઓને પત્ર 1|work=ગામીત નોવો કરાર|year=2025}} =={{langname|gas}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Garasia_Adiwasi|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gas|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gas|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Garasia Adiwasi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|gas|गलाती'''ओ'''नेँ पत्र|tr=galātī'''o'''neṃ patra|[[s:Ga-la-ti|Ga-la-ti]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Garasia Adiwasi|list={{l-self|gas|अ}}, {{l-self|gas|आ}}, {{l-self|gas|इ}}, {{l-self|gas|ई}}, {{l-self|gas|उ}}, {{l-self|gas|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gas|ए}}, {{l-self|gas|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gas|ओ}}, {{l-self|gas|औ}}, {{l-self|gas|अं}}, {{l-self|gas|क}}, {{l-self|gas|ख}}, {{l-self|gas|ग}}, {{l-self|gas|घ}}, {{l-self|gas|ङ}}, {{l-self|gas|च}}, {{l-self|gas|ज}}, {{l-self|gas|ट}}, {{l-self|gas|ठ}}, {{l-self|gas|ड}}, {{l-self|gas|ढ}}, {{l-self|gas|ण}}, {{l-self|gas|त}}, {{l-self|gas|थ}}, {{l-self|gas|द}}, {{l-self|gas|ध}}, {{l-self|gas|न}}, {{l-self|gas|प}}, {{l-self|gas|फ}}, {{l-self|gas|ब}}, {{l-self|gas|भ}}, {{l-self|gas|म}}, {{l-self|gas|य}}, {{l-self|gas|र}}, {{l-self|gas|ल}}, {{l-self|gas|ळ}}, {{l-self|gas|व}}, {{l-self|gas|श}}, {{l-self|gas|स}}, {{l-self|gas|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gas|author=The Love Fellowship|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3442/GAL.1.GASNT|entry=ગલાતીઓનેં પત્ર 1|work=ગરાસિયા નવો કરાર|year=2024}} =={{langname|gra}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Garasia_Rajput|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gra|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gra|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Garasia Rajput, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Garasia Rajput|list={{l-self|gra|अ}}, {{l-self|gra|आ}}, {{l-self|gra|इ}}, {{l-self|gra|ई}}, {{l-self|gra|उ}}, {{l-self|gra|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gra|ए}}, {{l-self|gra|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gra|ओ}}, {{l-self|gra|औ}}, {{l-self|gra|अं}}, {{l-self|gra|क}}, {{l-self|gra|ख}}, {{l-self|gra|ग}}, {{l-self|gra|घ}}, {{l-self|gra|ङ}}, {{l-self|gra|च}}, {{l-self|gra|ज}}, {{l-self|gra|ट}}, {{l-self|gra|ठ}}, {{l-self|gra|ड}}, {{l-self|gra|ढ}}, {{l-self|gra|ण}}, {{l-self|gra|त}}, {{l-self|gra|थ}}, {{l-self|gra|द}}, {{l-self|gra|ध}}, {{l-self|gra|न}}, {{l-self|gra|प}}, {{l-self|gra|फ}}, {{l-self|gra|ब}}, {{l-self|gra|भ}}, {{l-self|gra|म}}, {{l-self|gra|य}}, {{l-self|gra|र}}, {{l-self|gra|ल}}, {{l-self|gra|ळ}}, {{l-self|gra|व}}, {{l-self|gra|श}}, {{l-self|gra|स}}, {{l-self|gra|ह}}}} =={{langname|gbm}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gbm|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gbm|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Garhwal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|gbm|अर यीशु का दगड़ा-दगड़ि दुई और डाकु'''ओं''' तैं भि क्रूस पर चड़ये गै, एक तैं वेकी दैंणी तरफा अर दुसरा तैं वेकी बैं तरफा।|Cũng lúc đó, họ đóng đinh hai tên trộm-cướp với Ngài, một tên ở cây thập-tự bên hữu, một tên ở cây thập-tự bên tả. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/27#27:38|Ma-thi-ơ 27:38]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Garhwal|list={{l-self|gbm|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अं|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अँ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अइ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|आइ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अउ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|आउ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|इउ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|उइ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ळ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ह|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ढ़|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gbm|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4037/MAT.27.GBM|entry=मत्ती 27|work=Garhwali|year=2025}} =={{langname|gon}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ఒ]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ଓ]] |- ! Gunjala | [[𑵪#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|𑵪]] |- ! Masara | [[𑴉#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|𑴉]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gon|[o]|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gon|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Gondi Aheri, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|gon|अस्‍के '''ओ'''र, “यहुदिया एरियाता बेतलहेम नाटेने,” इंचि वेहतुर.|tr=Aske '''o'''ra, “Yahudiyā eriyāta Betlahēm nāṭēne,” inchi vēhatūra.|Tâu rằng: Tại Bết-lê-hem, xứ Giu-đê; vì có lời của đấng tiên-tri chép như vầy: ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/2#2:5|Ma-thi-ơ 2:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Gondi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ऊ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ऋ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ढ]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ड़]], [[त#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|त्र]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ज्ञ]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|श्र]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gon|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=पवित्र पोल्‍ले|year=2022|entry=मत्‍तयाल 2|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3417/MAT.2.ESG-DEVA}} =={{langname|inc-ogu}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|inc-ogu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|inc-ogu|Chữ cái}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Gujarat cổ. =={{langname|hlb}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Halba|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|hlb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hlb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị phụ âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Halba. #:{{ux|hlb|'''ओ'''एकूक|[[ọe]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Halba|list={{l-self|hlb|अ}}, {{l-self|hlb|आ}}, {{l-self|hlb|इ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ई}}, {{l-self|hlb|उ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ए}}, {{l-self|hlb|ओ}}, {{l-self|hlb|औ}}, {{l-self|hlb|अं}}, {{l-self|hlb|क}}, {{l-self|hlb|ख}}, {{l-self|hlb|ग}}, {{l-self|hlb|घ}}, {{l-self|hlb|च}}, {{l-self|hlb|छ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ज}}, {{l-self|hlb|झ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ट}}, {{l-self|hlb|ठ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ड}}, {{l-self|hlb|ढ}}, {{l-self|hlb|त}}, {{l-self|hlb|थ}}, {{l-self|hlb|द}}, {{l-self|hlb|ध}}, {{l-self|hlb|न}}, {{l-self|hlb|प}}, {{l-self|hlb|फ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ब}}, {{l-self|hlb|भ}}, {{l-self|hlb|म}}, {{l-self|hlb|र}}, {{l-self|hlb|ल}}, {{l-self|hlb|स}}, {{l-self|hlb|ह}}, {{l-self|hlb|य}}, {{l-self|hlb|व}}, {{l-self|hlb|ड़}}, {{l-self|hlb|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|hlb|Đại từ|tr=o}} #[[nó|Nó]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Fran Woods|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/halbi/browse/browse-vernacular/?letter=%E0%A4%93&key=hlb|entry=ओ|work=Halbi – English Dictionary|publisher=SIL International|year=2019}} *{{Chú thích web|hlb|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3612/REV.1.HLBNT|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|work=Halbi|year=2024}} =={{langname|bgc}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bgc|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bgc|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Haryanvi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bgc|'''ओ'''ळा|[[bên]] [[trái]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Haryanvi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Haryanvi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Haryanvi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Haryanvi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Haryanvi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Haryanvi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Haryanvi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Haryanvi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Haryanvi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Haryanvi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Haryanvi|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Haryanvi|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Haryanvi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Haryanvi|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Haryanvi|त्र]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ज्ञ]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Haryanvi|श्र]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ढ़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bgc|author=Beyond Translation|work=हरियाणवी|year=2025|entry=होशे 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2766/HOS.1.BGC}} =={{langname|hi}}== {{wikipedia|lang=hi}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Hindi|𑂋]] |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Hindi|𑐌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{hi-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hi|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Hindi. #:{{ux|hi|[[आओमोरी#Tiếng_Hindi|आ'''ओ'''मोरी]]|[[w:Aomori|Aomori]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Hindi|list={{l-self|hi|अ}}, {{l-self|hi|आ}}, {{l-self|hi|इ}}, {{l-self|hi|ई}}, {{l-self|hi|उ}}, {{l-self|hi|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hi|ऋ}}, {{l-self|hi|ए}}, {{l-self|hi|ऐ}}, {{l-self|hi|ओ}}, {{l-self|hi|औ}}, {{l-self|hi|अं}}, {{l-self|hi|अः}}, {{l-self|hi|अँ}}, {{l-self|hi|क}}, {{l-self|hi|ख}}, {{l-self|hi|ग}}, {{l-self|hi|घ}}, {{l-self|hi|ङ}}, {{l-self|hi|च}}, {{l-self|hi|छ}}, {{l-self|hi|ज}}, {{l-self|hi|झ}}, {{l-self|hi|ञ}}, {{l-self|hi|ट}}, {{l-self|hi|ठ}}, {{l-self|hi|ड}}, {{l-self|hi|ढ}}, {{l-self|hi|ण}}, {{l-self|hi|त}}, {{l-self|hi|थ}}, {{l-self|hi|द}}, {{l-self|hi|ध}}, {{l-self|hi|न}}, {{l-self|hi|प}}, {{l-self|hi|फ}}, {{l-self|hi|ब}}, {{l-self|hi|भ}}, {{l-self|hi|म}}, {{l-self|hi|य}}, {{l-self|hi|र}}, {{l-self|hi|ल}}, {{l-self|hi|व}}, {{l-self|hi|श}}, {{l-self|hi|ष}}, {{l-self|hi|स}}, {{l-self|hi|ह}}, {{l-self|hi|त्र}}, {{l-self|hi|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|hi|क्ष}}, {{l-self|hi|क़}}, {{l-self|hi|ख़}}, {{l-self|hi|ग़}}, {{l-self|hi|ज़}}, {{l-self|hi|झ़}}, {{l-self|hi|ड़}}, {{l-self|hi|ढ़}}, {{l-self|hi|फ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{bor+|hi|fa-cls|او|tr=ō}}. ===={{ĐM|pronoun}}==== {{head|hi|Đại từ}} #{{lb|hi|rare}} [[nó|Nó]], [[anh]] [[ta]], [[bà]] [[ấy]],... ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=R.C. Tiwari, R.S. Sharma & Krishna Vikal|title=[https://archive.org/details/hindienglishengl0000unse Hindi-English, English-Hindi dictionary]|year=1993|location=New York|publisher=Hippocrene Books|isbn=9780781800846}} =={{langname|hii}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Hinduri|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|hii|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hii|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Hinduri. =={{langname|hoc}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Warang Citi | [[𑢩#Tiếng_Ho|𑢩]] [[𑣉#Tiếng_Ho|𑣉]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Ho|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Ho|ଓ]] |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Ho|ఒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|hoc|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hoc|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Ho, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|hoc|'''ओ'''व|tr=[[𑢩𑣁𑣄#Tiếng_Ho|'''𑢩'''𑣁𑣄]]|[[nhà]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Ho|list={{l-self|hoc|अ}}, {{l-self|hoc|आ}}, {{l-self|hoc|इ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ई}}, {{l-self|hoc|उ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ऋ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ए}}, {{l-self|hoc|ऐ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ओ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ओः}}, {{l-self|hoc|औ}}, {{l-self|hoc|अं}}, {{l-self|hoc|अः}}, {{l-self|hoc|अँ}}, {{l-self|hoc|क}}, {{l-self|hoc|ख}}, {{l-self|hoc|ग}}, {{l-self|hoc|घ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ङ}}, {{l-self|hoc|च}}, {{l-self|hoc|छ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ज}}, {{l-self|hoc|झ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ट}}, {{l-self|hoc|ठ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ड}}, {{l-self|hoc|ढ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ड़}}, {{l-self|hoc|त}}, {{l-self|hoc|थ}}, {{l-self|hoc|द}}, {{l-self|hoc|ध}}, {{l-self|hoc|न}}, {{l-self|hoc|प}}, {{l-self|hoc|फ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ब}}, {{l-self|hoc|भ}}, {{l-self|hoc|म}}, {{l-self|hoc|य}}, {{l-self|hoc|र}}, {{l-self|hoc|ल}}, {{l-self|hoc|व}}, {{l-self|hoc|श}}, {{l-self|hoc|स}}, {{l-self|hoc|ह}}}} =={{langname|hoy}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kannada | [[ಒ#Tiếng_Holiya|ಒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|hoy|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hoy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Holiya. #:{{quote|hoy|इदुरसाटी घाई देल '''ओ'''ळावाळेरी '''ओ'''ळोद जागा सिकतीदील, अदिक सामर्थी इन सामर्थ्य येनु क्याल्सा कोळतीदील; अदिक ना पराक्रमी तान जीव ऊळ्स सक्यान;|tr=idurasaṭī ghāī dēla '''o'''ḷāvāḷēri '''o'''ḷōda jāgā sikatīdīla, adika samarthī ina sāmarthya yēnu kyālsā koḷatīdīla; adika nā parākramī tāna jīva ūḷsa sakyāna;|Người lẹ-làng sẽ không thể trốn được; người mạnh-mẽ sẽ không bổ sức cho mình nữa, và người bạo-dạn sẽ chẳng cứu được mạng-sống mình. ([[s:A-mốt/2#2:14|A-mốt 2:14]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hoy|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2782/AMO.2.HAA25|entry=आमोस 2|work=Holiya Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|anq}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|anq|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|anq|Chữ cái|tr=oo}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Jarawa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|anq|'''ओ'''ह|tr='''oo'''ha|[[hoa]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Jarawa|list={{l-self|anq|अ}}, {{l-self|anq|आ}}, {{l-self|anq|इ}}, {{l-self|anq|ई}}, {{l-self|anq|उ}}, {{l-self|anq|ऊ}}, {{l-self|anq|ऍ}}, {{l-self|anq|ए}}, {{l-self|anq|ॴ}}, {{l-self|anq|ओ}}, {{l-self|anq|अ̃}}, {{l-self|anq|अ॑}}, {{l-self|anq|आ॑}}, {{l-self|anq|ब}}, {{l-self|anq|च}}, {{l-self|anq|छ}}, {{l-self|anq|द}}, {{l-self|anq|ड}}, {{l-self|anq|फ}}, {{l-self|anq|ग}}, {{l-self|anq|ह}}, {{l-self|anq|हव}}, {{l-self|anq|ज}}, {{l-self|anq|क}}, {{l-self|anq|ख}}, {{l-self|anq|कव}}, {{l-self|anq|खव}}, {{l-self|anq|ल}}, {{l-self|anq|ळ}}, {{l-self|anq|म}}, {{l-self|anq|न॒}}, {{l-self|anq|ञ}}, {{l-self|anq|ङ}}, {{l-self|anq|र}}, {{l-self|anq|ऱ}}, {{l-self|anq|श}}, {{l-self|anq|त}}, {{l-self|anq|थ}}, {{l-self|anq|ट}}, {{l-self|anq|ठ}}, {{l-self|anq|व}}, {{l-self|anq|य}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=M R Ranganatha; V R Rajasingh|title=A Handbook of Jarawa Language|year=2000|publisher=Central Institute of Indian Languages|isbn=9788173420610|page=88|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/dli.language.1578/page/88}} =={{langname|jns}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|jns|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|jns|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Jaunsar, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|jns|'''ओ'''बाणौ|tr='''o'''bāṇau|[[chùi]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Jaunsar|list={{l-self|jns|अ}}, {{l-self|jns|आ}}, {{l-self|jns|इ}}, {{l-self|jns|ई}}, {{l-self|jns|उ}}, {{l-self|jns|ऊ}}, {{l-self|jns|ए}}, {{l-self|jns|ऐ}}, {{l-self|jns|ओ}}, {{l-self|jns|औ}}, {{l-self|jns|अं}}, {{l-self|jns|अः }}, {{l-self|jns|क}}, {{l-self|jns|ख}}, {{l-self|jns|ग}}, {{l-self|jns|घ}}, {{l-self|jns|गं}}, {{l-self|jns|च}}, {{l-self|jns|छ}}, {{l-self|jns|ज}}, {{l-self|jns|झ}}, {{l-self|jns|ट}}, {{l-self|jns|ठ}}, {{l-self|jns|ड}}, {{l-self|jns|ड़}}, {{l-self|jns|ढ}}, {{l-self|jns|ढ़}}, {{l-self|jns|ण}}, {{l-self|jns|त}}, {{l-self|jns|थ}}, {{l-self|jns|द}}, {{l-self|jns|ध}}, {{l-self|jns|न}}, {{l-self|jns|प}}, {{l-self|jns|फ}}, {{l-self|jns|ब}}, {{l-self|jns|भ}}, {{l-self|jns|म}}, {{l-self|jns|य}}, {{l-self|jns|र}}, {{l-self|jns|ल}}, {{l-self|jns|व}}, {{l-self|jns|स}}, {{l-self|jns|ह}}}} =={{langname|jul}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|jul|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|jul|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Jirel, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|jul|ओओ|tr=oo|[[sữa]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{letters|lang=jul|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Jirel|अ|आ|इ|ई|उ|ऊ|ऋ|ए|ऐ|ओ|औ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ञ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|श|स|ह}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Anita Maibaum & Esther Strahm|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/jirel/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?letter=%E0%A4%93&key=jul|entry=ओ|year=2019|publisher=SIL International®|work=Jirel-Nepali-English Dictionary}} *{{Chú thích web|jul|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3866/MAT.5.JUL|entry=मत्ती 5|work=जिरेल|year=1992}} =={{langname|xnr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|xnr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|xnr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kangra, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|xnr|'''ओ'''जे|[[mẹ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kangra'') [[अ#Tiếng_Kangra|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Kangra|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Kangra|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Kangra|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Kangra|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Kangra|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Kangra|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Kangra|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Kangra|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Kangra|औ]], [[आह़#Tiếng_Kangra|आह़]], [[इह़#Tiếng_Kangra|इह़]], [[उह़#Tiếng_Kangra|उह़]], [[एह़#Tiếng_Kangra|एह़]], [[ऐह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ऐह़]], [[ओह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ओह़]], [[औह़#Tiếng_Kangra|औह़]], [[अं#Tiếng_Kangra|अं]], [[क#Tiếng_Kangra|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Kangra|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Kangra|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Kangra|घ]], [[घ़#Tiếng_Kangra|घ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Kangra|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Kangra|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Kangra|ज]], [[ज्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ज्ह़]], [[झ#Tiếng_Kangra|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Kangra|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Kangra|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Kangra|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Kangra|ढ]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Kangra|ड़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Kangra|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Kangra|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Kangra|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Kangra|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Kangra|ध]], [[ध़#Tiếng_Kangra|ध़]], [[न#Tiếng_Kangra|न]], [[न्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|न्ह़]], [[प#Tiếng_Kangra|प]], [[प्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|प्ह़]], [[फ#Tiếng_Kangra|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Kangra|ब]], [[ब्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ब्ह़]], [[भ#Tiếng_Kangra|भ]], [[भ़#Tiếng_Kangra|भ़]], [[म#Tiếng_Kangra|म]], [[म्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|म्ह़]], [[य#Tiếng_Kangra|य]], [[य्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|य्ह़]], [[र#Tiếng_Kangra|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Kangra|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Kangra|ल़]], [[स#Tiếng_Kangra|स]], [[स्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|स्ह़]], [[ह#Tiếng_Kangra|ह]], [[ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ह़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|xnr|author=The Love Fellowship|work=काँगड़ी|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2962/REV.1.XNR}} =={{langname|bjj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bjj|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bjj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Kannauj, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kannauj|list={{l-self|bjj|अ}}, {{l-self|bjj|आ}}, {{l-self|bjj|इ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ई}}, {{l-self|bjj|उ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ऋ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ए}}, {{l-self|bjj|ऐ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ओ}}, {{l-self|bjj|औ}}, {{l-self|bjj|क}}, {{l-self|bjj|ख}}, {{l-self|bjj|ग}}, {{l-self|bjj|घ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ङ}}, {{l-self|bjj|च}}, {{l-self|bjj|छ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ज}}, {{l-self|bjj|झ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ञ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ट}}, {{l-self|bjj|ठ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ड}}, {{l-self|bjj|ढ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ण}}, {{l-self|bjj|त}}, {{l-self|bjj|थ}}, {{l-self|bjj|द}}, {{l-self|bjj|ध}}, {{l-self|bjj|न}}, {{l-self|bjj|प}}, {{l-self|bjj|फ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ब}}, {{l-self|bjj|भ}}, {{l-self|bjj|म}}, {{l-self|bjj|य}}, {{l-self|bjj|र}}, {{l-self|bjj|ल}}, {{l-self|bjj|व}}, {{l-self|bjj|श}}, {{l-self|bjj|ष}}, {{l-self|bjj|स}}, {{l-self|bjj|ह}}, {{l-self|bjj|क्ष}}, {{l-self|bjj|त्र}}, {{l-self|bjj|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|bjj|श्र}}, {{l-self|bjj|ज़}}, {{l-self|bjj|ड़}}, {{l-self|bjj|ढ़}}, {{l-self|bjj|फ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Mathews John, Bezily P. Varghese|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/08/88/140888458996511652997295155804641103350/JLSR2021_012.pdf The Kannauji-speaking People of Uttar Pradesh: A Sociolinguistic Profile]|year=2021|publisher=SIL International|isbn=9788173420610|location=Dallas, Texas|series=Journal of Language Survey Reports 2021-012}} =={{langname|kyv}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kayort|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kyv|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kyv|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kayort, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kyv|जब ऊ विशाल अजगर महसुस कैल्कै कि '''ओ'''करा धर्तीमे फेकि देल गेलै छे ते, ऊ बेटा जनमाबेवाली जनानीके खेधाडल्कै।|tr=jab ū viśāl ajagar mahasūs kailkai ki '''o'''karā dhartīme pheki del gelai che te, ū beṭā janmābewālī janānīke khedhāḍalkai.|Khi rồng thấy mình bị quăng xuống đất, bèn đuổi theo người đờn-bà đã sanh con trai. ([[s:Khải huyền/12#12:13|Khải huyền 12:13]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kayort'') [[अ#Tiếng_Kayort|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Kayort|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Kayort|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Kayort|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Kayort|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Kayort|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Kayort|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Kayort|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Kayort|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Kayort|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Kayort|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Kayort|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Kayort|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Kayort|ङ़]] ([[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ङ्ह]]), [[च#Tiếng_Kayort|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Kayort|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Kayort|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Kayort|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Kayort|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Kayort|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Kayort|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Kayort|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Kayort|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Kayort|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Kayort|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Kayort|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Kayort|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऩ]] ([[न्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|न्ह]]), [[प#Tiếng_Kayort|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Kayort|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Kayort|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Kayort|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Kayort|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Kayort|म़]] ([[म्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|म्ह]]), [[य#Tiếng_Kayort|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Kayort|र]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऱ]] ([[ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ह]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Kayort|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Kayort|ल़]] ([[ल्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ल्ह]]), [[व#Tiếng_Kayort|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Kayort|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Kayort|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Kayort|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kyv|author=Beyond Translation|work=केवट नया कारार|year=2025|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3514/REV.12.KYVNT|entry=प्रकाश 12}} =={{langname|klr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|klr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|klr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Khaling, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|klr|'''ओ'''क|tr='''o'''k|[[chúng ta]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Khaling|list={{l-self|klr|अ}}, {{l-self|klr|अ़}}, {{l-self|klr|आ}}, {{l-self|klr|इ}}, {{l-self|klr|उ}}, {{l-self|klr|उ़}}, {{l-self|klr|ऊ}}, {{l-self|klr|ए}}, {{l-self|klr|ओ}}, {{l-self|klr|ओ़}}, {{l-self|klr|अः}}, {{l-self|klr|क}}, {{l-self|klr|ख}}, {{l-self|klr|ग}}, {{l-self|klr|घ}}, {{l-self|klr|ङ}}, {{l-self|klr|च}}, {{l-self|klr|छ}}, {{l-self|klr|ज}}, {{l-self|klr|झ}}, {{l-self|klr|त}}, {{l-self|klr|थ}}, {{l-self|klr|द}}, {{l-self|klr|ध}}, {{l-self|klr|न}}, {{l-self|klr|प}}, {{l-self|klr|फ}}, {{l-self|klr|ब}}, {{l-self|klr|भ}}, {{l-self|klr|म}}, {{l-self|klr|य}}, {{l-self|klr|र}}, {{l-self|klr|ल}}, {{l-self|klr|व}}, {{l-self|klr|स}}, {{l-self|klr|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|conj}}=== {{head|klr|Liên từ|tr=o}} #Nằm cuối đánh dấu câu hỏi. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Ingrid Toba & Sueyoshi Toba|work=Khaling - Nepali - English Dictionary|year=2016|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/khaling/en/browse/browse-khaling/?key=klr-NP&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} *{{Chú thích web|klr|author=Ekta Books|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/klr/osa/bible/#/text Khaling Bible 1.10]|year=2011|entry=१ शमूएल 1}} =={{langname|kgj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kgj|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kgj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Gamale, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kgj|'''ओ'''सा|tr='''o'''sa|[[thuốc]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Gamale|list={{l-self|kgj|अ}}, {{l-self|kgj|आ}}, {{l-self|kgj|इ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ई}}, {{l-self|kgj|उ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ए}}, {{l-self|kgj|ओ}}, {{l-self|kgj|इ़}}, {{l-self|kgj|ए़}}, {{l-self|kgj|अः}}, {{l-self|kgj|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kgj|अँ}}, {{l-self|kgj|क}}, {{l-self|kgj|ख}}, {{l-self|kgj|ग}}, {{l-self|kgj|घ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ङ}}, {{l-self|kgj|च}}, {{l-self|kgj|छ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ज}}, {{l-self|kgj|ज़}}, {{l-self|kgj|झ}}, {{l-self|kgj|झ़}}, {{l-self|kgj|ट}}, {{l-self|kgj|ठ}}, {{l-self|kgj|त}}, {{l-self|kgj|थ}}, {{l-self|kgj|द}}, {{l-self|kgj|ध}}, {{l-self|kgj|न}}, {{l-self|kgj|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kgj|प}}, {{l-self|kgj|फ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ब}}, {{l-self|kgj|भ}}, {{l-self|kgj|म}}, {{l-self|kgj|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kgj|य}}, {{l-self|kgj|र}}, {{l-self|kgj|ल}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kgj|व}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kgj|व़}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kgj|श}}, {{l-self|kgj|ष}}, {{l-self|kgj|स}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Christopher P. Wilde|title=[https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/bb22e879-0e06-4b5c-865b-b0c3ab3ad748/content Gamale kham phonology revisited, with Devanagari-based orthography and lexicon]|year=2016|publisher=Payap Unversity|page=148}} *{{Chú thích web|kgj|author=Manna Harvest|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/kgj/osa/bible/#/text Gamal Kham Bible]|year=2019|entry=मटि १}} =={{langname|kif}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kif|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kif|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Parbate Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Parbate Đông|list={{l-self|kif|अ}}, {{l-self|kif|आ}}, {{l-self|kif|इ}}, {{l-self|kif|ई}}, {{l-self|kif|उ}}, {{l-self|kif|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kif|ए}}, {{l-self|kif|ओ}}, {{l-self|kif|इ़}}, {{l-self|kif|ए़}}, {{l-self|kif|अः}}, {{l-self|kif|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kif|अँ}}, {{l-self|kif|क}}, {{l-self|kif|ख}}, {{l-self|kif|ग}}, {{l-self|kif|घ}}, {{l-self|kif|ङ}}, {{l-self|kif|च}}, {{l-self|kif|छ}}, {{l-self|kif|ज}}, {{l-self|kif|ज़}}, {{l-self|kif|झ}}, {{l-self|kif|झ़}}, {{l-self|kif|ट}}, {{l-self|kif|ठ}}, {{l-self|kif|त}}, {{l-self|kif|थ}}, {{l-self|kif|द}}, {{l-self|kif|ध}}, {{l-self|kif|न}}, {{l-self|kif|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kif|प}}, {{l-self|kif|फ}}, {{l-self|kif|ब}}, {{l-self|kif|भ}}, {{l-self|kif|म}}, {{l-self|kif|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kif|य}}, {{l-self|kif|र}}, {{l-self|kif|ल}}, {{l-self|kif|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kif|व}}, {{l-self|kif|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kif|व़}}, {{l-self|kif|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kif|श}}, {{l-self|kif|ष}}, {{l-self|kif|स}}, {{l-self|kif|ह}}}} =={{langname|kjl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kjl|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kjl|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Parbate Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kjl|'''ओ'''साचीर|tr='''o'''sācīra|[[s:Công vụ các Sứ đồ|Công vụ các Sứ đồ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Parbate Tây|list={{l-self|kjl|अ}}, {{l-self|kjl|आ}}, {{l-self|kjl|इ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ई}}, {{l-self|kjl|उ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ए}}, {{l-self|kjl|ओ}}, {{l-self|kjl|इ़}}, {{l-self|kjl|ए़}}, {{l-self|kjl|अः}}, {{l-self|kjl|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kjl|अँ}}, {{l-self|kjl|क}}, {{l-self|kjl|ख}}, {{l-self|kjl|ग}}, {{l-self|kjl|घ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ङ}}, {{l-self|kjl|च}}, {{l-self|kjl|छ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ज}}, {{l-self|kjl|ज़}}, {{l-self|kjl|झ}}, {{l-self|kjl|झ़}}, {{l-self|kjl|ट}}, {{l-self|kjl|ठ}}, {{l-self|kjl|त}}, {{l-self|kjl|थ}}, {{l-self|kjl|द}}, {{l-self|kjl|ध}}, {{l-self|kjl|न}}, {{l-self|kjl|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kjl|प}}, {{l-self|kjl|फ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ब}}, {{l-self|kjl|भ}}, {{l-self|kjl|म}}, {{l-self|kjl|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kjl|य}}, {{l-self|kjl|र}}, {{l-self|kjl|ल}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kjl|व}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kjl|व़}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kjl|श}}, {{l-self|kjl|ष}}, {{l-self|kjl|स}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=David E. Watters|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/87/99/38/87993827156821364547273905654085575544/Kham_dictionary.pdf A dictionary of Kham: Taka dialect (a Tibeto-Burman language of Nepal)]|publisher=SIL International|year=2004|location=Nepal}} *{{Chú thích web|kjl|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2495/ACT.1.NKHAM|entry=ओसाचीर 1|work=साःरो बाचा|year=2015}} =={{langname|kip}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kip|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kip|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Sheshi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kip|जोले ङा मिनङन तोलोअ ऐटाइन्या लुलजन ग्रहन ढोव, '''ओ'''ले ङाजन ग्रहन ढाङवा।|tr=jole ṅā minaṅana toloa aiṭāinyā lulajana grahana ḍhova, '''o'''le ṅājana grahana ḍhāṅavā.|Hễ ai vì danh ta chịu tiếp một đứa trẻ thể nầy, tức là chịu tiếp ta. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/18#18:5|Ma-thi-ơ 18:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Sheshi|list={{l-self|kip|अ}}, {{l-self|kip|आ}}, {{l-self|kip|इ}}, {{l-self|kip|ई}}, {{l-self|kip|उ}}, {{l-self|kip|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kip|ए}}, {{l-self|kip|ओ}}, {{l-self|kip|इ़}}, {{l-self|kip|ए़}}, {{l-self|kip|अः}}, {{l-self|kip|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kip|अँ}}, {{l-self|kip|क}}, {{l-self|kip|ख}}, {{l-self|kip|ग}}, {{l-self|kip|घ}}, {{l-self|kip|ङ}}, {{l-self|kip|च}}, {{l-self|kip|छ}}, {{l-self|kip|ज}}, {{l-self|kip|ज़}}, {{l-self|kip|झ}}, {{l-self|kip|झ़}}, {{l-self|kip|ट}}, {{l-self|kip|ठ}}, {{l-self|kip|त}}, {{l-self|kip|थ}}, {{l-self|kip|द}}, {{l-self|kip|ध}}, {{l-self|kip|न}}, {{l-self|kip|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kip|प}}, {{l-self|kip|फ}}, {{l-self|kip|ब}}, {{l-self|kip|भ}}, {{l-self|kip|म}}, {{l-self|kip|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kip|य}}, {{l-self|kip|र}}, {{l-self|kip|ल}}, {{l-self|kip|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kip|व}}, {{l-self|kip|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kip|व़}}, {{l-self|kip|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kip|श}}, {{l-self|kip|ष}}, {{l-self|kip|स}}, {{l-self|kip|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kip|author=The Word for the World South Asia|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4468/MAT.18.NTSKM25|entry=मत्ती 18|work=छार बाचाला नियाम|year=2025}} =={{langname|khr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Kharia|ଓ]] |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kharia|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|khr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|khr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong bảng chữ cái Devanagari tiếng Kharia. #:{{ux|khr|[[ओसेल#Tiếng_Kharia|'''ओ'''सेल]]|tr='''o'''sel|[[trắng]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kharia|list={{l-self|khr|अ}}, {{l-self|khr|आ}}, {{l-self|khr|इ}}, {{l-self|khr|ई}}, {{l-self|khr|उ}}, {{l-self|khr|ऊ}}, {{l-self|khr|ए}}, {{l-self|khr|ऐ}}, {{l-self|khr|ओ}}, {{l-self|khr|औ}}, {{l-self|khr|क}}, {{l-self|khr|ख}}, {{l-self|khr|ग}}, {{l-self|khr|घ}}, {{l-self|khr|ङ}}, {{l-self|khr|च}}, {{l-self|khr|छ}}, {{l-self|khr|ज}}, {{l-self|khr|झ}}, {{l-self|khr|ञ}}, {{l-self|khr|ट}}, {{l-self|khr|ठ}}, {{l-self|khr|ड}}, {{l-self|khr|ढ}}, {{l-self|khr|ण}}, {{l-self|khr|त}}, {{l-self|khr|थ}}, {{l-self|khr|द}}, {{l-self|khr|ध}}, {{l-self|khr|न}}, {{l-self|khr|प}}, {{l-self|khr|फ}}, {{l-self|khr|ब}}, {{l-self|khr|भ}}, {{l-self|khr|म}}, {{l-self|khr|य}}, {{l-self|khr|र}}, {{l-self|khr|ल}}, {{l-self|khr|श}}, {{l-self|khr|ष}}, {{l-self|khr|स}}, {{l-self|khr|ह}}, {{l-self|khr|ड़}}, {{l-self|khr|ढ़}}}} =={{langname|kjo}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kjo|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kjo|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Kinnaur Harija. #:{{quote|kjo|तुमोरिह तेनोर रोह गान मिफरे'''ओ''', किज़ु बोल्ताह तुमोर रोह बुआ मागनोह काह आऊखाए ज़ान्दोस, किह तुमोर लाह कियाह च़ाँनोस।|tr=tumorih tenor roh gān mifare'''o''', kizu boltāh tumor roh buā māgnoh kāh āukhāe zāndos, kih tumor lāh kiyāh cā̃nos.|Vậy, các ngươi đừng như họ; vì Cha các ngươi biết các ngươi cần sự gì trước khi chưa xin Ngài. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/6#6:8|Ma-thi-ơ 6:8]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kjo|author=New Life Computer Institute |entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/KJONLC/MAT/6|entry=मत्‍तीयेह चेमाउन सुसमाचार 6|work=Kinauri, Paharia|year=2022}} =={{langname|kfb}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Kolami|ఒ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 13 trong tiếng Kolami, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kfb|'''ओ'''क्कोद्|tr='''o'''kkod|[[một]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{letters|lang=kfb|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kolami|अ|आ|इ|ई|उ|ऊ|ऋ|ॠ|ऌ|ॡ|ए|ऐ|ओ|औ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ञ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|ण|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|श|ष|स|ह|ळ}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfb|author=Malcolm and Uma Johnson|work=Bible.is|year=2005|entry=मात्ताक लेय्‍पुळ ओव्‍वोल गोट्टी 1|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/KFBNTA/MAT/1}} =={{langname|kok}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kannada | [[ಒ#Tiếng_Konkan|ಒ]] |- ! Malayalam | [[ഒ#Tiếng_Konkan|ഒ]] |- ! Ả Rập | [[او#Tiếng_Konkan|او]] |- ! Latinh | [[O#Tiếng_Konkan|O]] [[o#Tiếng_Konkan|o]] |- ! Brahmi | [[𑀑#Tiếng_Konkan|𑀑]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kok|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kok|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Konkan, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kok|'''ओ'''नु|[[năm]] [[nay]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Konkan|list={{l-self|kok|अ}}, {{l-self|kok|आ}}, {{l-self|kok|इ}}, {{l-self|kok|ई}}, {{l-self|kok|उ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kok|ॠ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऌ}}, {{l-self|kok|ए}}, {{l-self|kok|ॲ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kok|ओ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऑ}}, {{l-self|kok|औ}}, {{l-self|kok|अं }}, {{l-self|kok|अः}}, {{l-self|kok|क}}, {{l-self|kok|ख}}, {{l-self|kok|ग}}, {{l-self|kok|घ}}, {{l-self|kok|ङ}}, {{l-self|kok|च}}, {{l-self|kok|छ}}, {{l-self|kok|ज}}, {{l-self|kok|झ}}, {{l-self|kok|ञ}}, {{l-self|kok|ट}}, {{l-self|kok|ठ}}, {{l-self|kok|ड}}, {{l-self|kok|ढ}}, {{l-self|kok|ण}}, {{l-self|kok|त}}, {{l-self|kok|थ}}, {{l-self|kok|द}}, {{l-self|kok|ध}}, {{l-self|kok|न}}, {{l-self|kok|प}}, {{l-self|kok|फ}}, {{l-self|kok|ब}}, {{l-self|kok|भ}}, {{l-self|kok|म}}, {{l-self|kok|य}}, {{l-self|kok|र}}, {{l-self|kok|ऱ}}, {{l-self|kok|ल}}, {{l-self|kok|व}}, {{l-self|kok|ष}}, {{l-self|kok|श}}, {{l-self|kok|स}}, {{l-self|kok|ह}}, {{l-self|kok|ळ}}, {{l-self|kok|क्ष}}, {{l-self|kok|ज्ञ}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Angelus Francis Xavier Maffei|title=Konkani-English Dictionary|year=1990|page=16|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/konkanienglishdi0000ange/page/16|location=New Delhi - Madras|publisher=Asian Educational Services}} =={{langname|kfq}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfq|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfq|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Korku, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Korku|list={{l-self|kfq|अ}}, {{l-self|kfq|आ}}, {{l-self|kfq|इ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ई}}, {{l-self|kfq|उ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ए}}, {{l-self|kfq|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ओ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ऑ}}, {{l-self|kfq|अं}}, {{l-self|kfq|अः}}, {{l-self|kfq|अँ}}, {{l-self|kfq|क}}, {{l-self|kfq|ख}}, {{l-self|kfq|ग}}, {{l-self|kfq|घ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ङ}}, {{l-self|kfq|च}}, {{l-self|kfq|छ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ज}}, {{l-self|kfq|झ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ञ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ट}}, {{l-self|kfq|ठ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ड}}, {{l-self|kfq|ढ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ण}}, {{l-self|kfq|त}}, {{l-self|kfq|थ}}, {{l-self|kfq|द}}, {{l-self|kfq|ध}}, {{l-self|kfq|न}}, {{l-self|kfq|प}}, {{l-self|kfq|फ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ब}}, {{l-self|kfq|भ}}, {{l-self|kfq|म}}, {{l-self|kfq|य}}, {{l-self|kfq|र}}, {{l-self|kfq|ल}}, {{l-self|kfq|श}}, {{l-self|kfq|स}}, {{l-self|kfq|ह}}, {{l-self|kfq|ड़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Wichmann, Søren & Brown, Cecil H. & Holman, Eric W.|title=The ASJP Database|year=2024|work=[https://asjp.clld.org/languages/KORKU Wordlist Korku]}} =={{langname|kff}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Koya|ఒ]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Koya|ଓ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kff|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kff|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Koya. #:{{quote|kff|जिसु अड़्‌किंग्क् मिका कार्‌ंग्‌तण्ड् मेण्डे अड़्‌ सांगे सांगे '''ओ'''डे नु ताम्‌ बाबांक् विड़्‌सि जिसुन् तड़्‌ आत्‌तड़्।|tr=Jisu aḍ‌kiṅkṅk mika kār‌ṅ‌taṇḍ meṇḍe aḍ‌ sāṅge sāṅge '''o'''ḍe nu tām‌ bābāṅk‌ viḍ‌si Jisun‌ taḍ‌ āt‌taḍ‌.|Tức thì hai người đó bỏ thuyền và cha mình mà theo Ngài. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/4#4:22|Ma-thi-ơ 4:22]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kff|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2785/MAT.4.KAA25|entry=ମାତିଉ 4|work=Koya Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|kyw}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kudmal|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Kudmal|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kyw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kyw|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Kudmal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kudmal|list={{l-self|kyw|अ}}, {{l-self|kyw|आ}}, {{l-self|kyw|इ}}, {{l-self|kyw|उ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ए}}, {{l-self|kyw|ओ}}, {{l-self|kyw|क}}, {{l-self|kyw|ख}}, {{l-self|kyw|ग}}, {{l-self|kyw|घ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ङ}}, {{l-self|kyw|च}}, {{l-self|kyw|छ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ज}}, {{l-self|kyw|झ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ञ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ट}}, {{l-self|kyw|ठ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ड}}, {{l-self|kyw|ढ}}, {{l-self|kyw|त}}, {{l-self|kyw|थ}}, {{l-self|kyw|द}}, {{l-self|kyw|ध}}, {{l-self|kyw|न}}, {{l-self|kyw|प}}, {{l-self|kyw|फ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ब}}, {{l-self|kyw|भ}}, {{l-self|kyw|म}}, {{l-self|kyw|य}}, {{l-self|kyw|र}}, {{l-self|kyw|ल}}, {{l-self|kyw|स}}, {{l-self|kyw|ह}}, {{l-self|kyw|ड़}}, {{l-self|kyw|ढ़}}}} =={{langname|kex}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Kukna|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kex|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kex|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kukna, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kukna|list={{l-self|kex|अ}}, {{l-self|kex|आ}}, {{l-self|kex|इ}}, {{l-self|kex|ई}}, {{l-self|kex|उ}}, {{l-self|kex|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kex|ए}}, {{l-self|kex|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kex|ओ}}, {{l-self|kex|औ}}, {{l-self|kex|अं}}, {{l-self|kex|क}}, {{l-self|kex|ख}}, {{l-self|kex|ग}}, {{l-self|kex|घ}}, {{l-self|kex|ङ}}, {{l-self|kex|च}}, {{l-self|kex|ज}}, {{l-self|kex|ट}}, {{l-self|kex|ठ}}, {{l-self|kex|ड}}, {{l-self|kex|ढ}}, {{l-self|kex|ण}}, {{l-self|kex|त}}, {{l-self|kex|थ}}, {{l-self|kex|द}}, {{l-self|kex|ध}}, {{l-self|kex|न}}, {{l-self|kex|प}}, {{l-self|kex|फ}}, {{l-self|kex|ब}}, {{l-self|kex|भ}}, {{l-self|kex|म}}, {{l-self|kex|य}}, {{l-self|kex|र}}, {{l-self|kex|ल}}, {{l-self|kex|ळ}}, {{l-self|kex|व}}, {{l-self|kex|श}}, {{l-self|kex|स}}, {{l-self|kex|ह}}}} =={{langname|kfx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kullu, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kfx|हे भाईयो, जेबा हाऊं तमा सेटा परमेश्वरा रे भेदा शुणाउदअ आऊ'''ओ''', तेबा शब्द होर ज्ञाना री गला संघे नांई आ'''ओ'''।|Hỡi anh em, về phần tôi, khi tôi đến cùng anh em, chẳng dùng lời cao-xa hay là khôn-sáng mà rao-giảng cho anh em biết chứng-cớ của Đức Chúa Trời. ([[s:I Cô-rinh-tô/2#2:1|I Cô-rinh-tô 2:1]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kullu|list={{l-self|kfx|अ}}, {{l-self|kfx|आ}}, {{l-self|kfx|इ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ई}}, {{l-self|kfx|उ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ए}}, {{l-self|kfx|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ओ}}, {{l-self|kfx|औ}}, {{l-self|kfx|अं}}, {{l-self|kfx|अँ}}, {{l-self|kfx|क}}, {{l-self|kfx|ख}}, {{l-self|kfx|ग}}, {{l-self|kfx|घ}}, {{l-self|kfx|गं}}, {{l-self|kfx|च}}, {{l-self|kfx|छ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ज}}, {{l-self|kfx|झ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ञ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ट}}, {{l-self|kfx|ठ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ड}}, {{l-self|kfx|ढ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ण}}, {{l-self|kfx|त}}, {{l-self|kfx|थ}}, {{l-self|kfx|द}}, {{l-self|kfx|ध}}, {{l-self|kfx|न}}, {{l-self|kfx|प}}, {{l-self|kfx|फ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ब}}, {{l-self|kfx|भ}}, {{l-self|kfx|म}}, {{l-self|kfx|य}}, {{l-self|kfx|र}}, {{l-self|kfx|ल}}, {{l-self|kfx|ळ}}, {{l-self|kfx|व}}, {{l-self|kfx|श}}, {{l-self|kfx|ष}}, {{l-self|kfx|स}}, {{l-self|kfx|ह}}, {{l-self|kfx|ड़}}, {{l-self|kfx|च़}}, {{l-self|kfx|छ़}}, {{l-self|kfx|ज़}}, {{l-self|kfx|त्र}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|title=[https://pahari-languages.ru/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Kullui-Eng-Rus-Dictionary-July2023.pdf Kullui-English-Russian Dictionary]|year=2023|publisher=Pahari languages|page=24}} *{{Chú thích web|kfx|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3531/1CO.2.ISJNT|entry=1 कुरिन्थियों 2|work=ईनर सराजी मे नया नियम|year=2025}} =={{langname|kfy}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Kumaon|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfy|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Kumaon. #:{{quote|kfy|और उई बाट भटे एक नौ जवान अपून नंगा आंग में चादर '''ओ'''ड़ भेरन यीशु का पछिल ग्योछ। और लोगून ले ऊस यीशु शिष्य समझभेरन पकड़ू मस्यान|tr=aur uī bāṭ bhaṭe ek nau javāna apūna naṅgā āṅga meṃ cādara '''o'''ṛa bherana Yīśu kā pachila gyōcha. aura logūna le ūsa Yīśu śiṣya samajhabherana pakaṛū masyāna.|Có một người trẻ tuổi kia theo Ngài, chỉ có cái khăn bằng gai trùm mình; chúng bắt người. ([[s:Mác/14#14:51|Mác 14:51]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfy|author=Beyond Translation|work=सोरियाली नय्या नियम|year=2020|entry=मरकुस 14|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3246/MRK.14.SORNT}} =={{langname|kru}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kurukh|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kru|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kru|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Kurukh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kru|'''ओ'''कना|[[ngồi]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kurukh'') [[अ#Tiếng_Kurukh|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Kurukh|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Kurukh|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Kurukh|उ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ऋ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Kurukh|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ओ]], [[आ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|आ़]], [[ओ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ओ़]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ॲ]], [[क#Tiếng_Kurukh|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Kurukh|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Kurukh|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Kurukh|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Kurukh|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Kurukh|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Kurukh|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Kurukh|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ञ]], [[ञ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ञ़]], [[ट#Tiếng_Kurukh|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Kurukh|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Kurukh|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Kurukh|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Kurukh|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Kurukh|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Kurukh|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Kurukh|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Kurukh|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Kurukh|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Kurukh|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Kurukh|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Kurukh|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Kurukh|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Kurukh|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Kurukh|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Kurukh|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Kurukh|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Kurukh|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Kurukh|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Kurukh|ह]], [[क़#Tiếng_Kurukh|क़]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ख़]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ग़]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ज़]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ढ़]], [[फ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|फ़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Kurukh|व़]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Kurukh|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Kurukh|त्र]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Kurukh|श्र]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Toby Anderson|work=Kurux-Hindi Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/kurux/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=kru&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2019|publisher=SIL International}} *{{Chú thích web|kru|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=कुड़ुख़|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/en-GB/bible/4366/LUK.5.KRUX|entry=लुकस 5|year=2024}} =={{langname|lmn}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Telugu | [[ఓ#Tiếng_Lambadi|ఓ]] |- ! Kannada | [[ಓ#Tiếng_Lambadi|ಓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|lmn|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|lmn|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Lambadi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|lmn|अब्राम ऊंदो पडन नमस्कार कर्रोजना देव् '''ओ'''ति वातें करन्, हन्नु को।|tr=abrām ūndo paḍana namaskāra karrojana dēv '''o'''ti vāte karan, hannu kō.|Áp-ram bèn sấp mình xuống đất; Đức Chúa Trời phán cùng người rằng: ([[s:Sáng thế Ký/17#17:3|Sáng thế Ký 17:3]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Lambadi|list={{l-self|lmn|अ}}, {{l-self|lmn|आ}}, {{l-self|lmn|इ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ई}}, {{l-self|lmn|उ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ऊ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ऎ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ए}}, {{l-self|lmn|ऒ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ओ}}, {{l-self|lmn|अं}}, {{l-self|lmn|क}}, {{l-self|lmn|ख}}, {{l-self|lmn|ग}}, {{l-self|lmn|घ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ङ}}, {{l-self|lmn|च}}, {{l-self|lmn|छ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ज}}, {{l-self|lmn|झ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ञ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ट}}, {{l-self|lmn|ठ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ड}}, {{l-self|lmn|ढ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ण}}, {{l-self|lmn|त}}, {{l-self|lmn|थ}}, {{l-self|lmn|द}}, {{l-self|lmn|ध}}, {{l-self|lmn|न}}, {{l-self|lmn|प}}, {{l-self|lmn|फ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ब}}, {{l-self|lmn|भ}}, {{l-self|lmn|म}}, {{l-self|lmn|य}}, {{l-self|lmn|र}}, {{l-self|lmn|ल}}, {{l-self|lmn|व}}, {{l-self|lmn|श}}, {{l-self|lmn|ष}}, {{l-self|lmn|स}}, {{l-self|lmn|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfx|author=Bible Society of India|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4580/GEN.17.LAMBADI|entry=genesis 17|work=పవిత్తర్ బైబిల్ (బంజారా/లంబాడి/గోర్బోలి)|year=2025}} =={{langname|lhm}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|lhm|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|lhm|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Lhomi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|lhm|'''ओ'''क्‍केन्|tr='''o'''kken|[[đào]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Lhomi|list={{l-self|lhm|आ}}, {{l-self|lhm|इ}}, {{l-self|lhm|उ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ए}}, {{l-self|lhm|ओ}}, {{l-self|lhm|क}}, {{l-self|lhm|ख}}, {{l-self|lhm|ग}}, {{l-self|lhm|घ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ङ}}, {{l-self|lhm|च}}, {{l-self|lhm|च्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|छ}}, {{l-self|lhm|छ्य}}, {{l-self|lhm|ज}}, {{l-self|lhm|ज्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|झ}}, {{l-self|lhm|झ्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|ट}}, {{l-self|lhm|ठ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ड}}, {{l-self|lhm|ढ}}, {{l-self|lhm|त}}, {{l-self|lhm|थ}}, {{l-self|lhm|द}}, {{l-self|lhm|ध}}, {{l-self|lhm|न}}, {{l-self|lhm|प}}, {{l-self|lhm|फ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ब}}, {{l-self|lhm|भ}}, {{l-self|lhm|म}}, {{l-self|lhm|य}}, {{l-self|lhm|र}}, {{l-self|lhm|ल}}, {{l-self|lhm|व}}, {{l-self|lhm|स}}, {{l-self|lhm|स्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|ह}}, {{l-self|lhm|ॱ}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|publisher=SIL International and NELHOS|work=Lhomi - Nepali - English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/lhomi/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=lhm&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2022}} *{{Chú thích web|lhm|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=ल्होमी|year=1995|entry=युहन्‍ना 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3674/JHN.1.LHM}} =={{langname|lbm}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Lodha|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|lbm|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|lbm|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Lodha. #:{{quote|lbm|उन्न '''ओ'''को सी कह्यो, “जो कसम तय न हम्ख खिलायी हय '''ओ'''को बारे म हम त निर्दोष रहबोंन।|tr=unna '''o'''ko sī kahyo, “jo kasama taya na hamkha khilāyī haya '''o'''ko bāre ma hama ta nirdoṣa rahabōna.|Vả, hai người nói cùng nàng rằng: Nầy thể nào chúng ta sẽ khỏi mắc lời thề mà nàng đã bắt ta thề. ([[s:Giô-suê/2#2:17|Giô-suê 2:17]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|lbm|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2788/JOS.2.LII25|entry=यहोशू 2|work=Lodhi Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|loy}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|loy|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|loy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong bảng chữ cái Devanagari tiếng Loke. #:{{ux|loy|'''ओ'''प्‍पो|tr='''o'''ppo|nụ [[hôn]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Loke'') [[आ#Tiếng_Loke|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Loke|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Loke|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Loke|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Loke|ओ]], [[ओ़#Tiếng_Loke|ओ़]], [[आः#Tiếng_Loke|आः]], [[का#Tiếng_Loke|का]], [[क#Tiếng_Loke|क]], [[खा#Tiếng_Loke|खा]], [[ख#Tiếng_Loke|ख]], [[गा#Tiếng_Loke|गा]], [[ग#Tiếng_Loke|ग]], [[घा#Tiếng_Loke|घा]], [[घ#Tiếng_Loke|घ]], [[ङा#Tiếng_Loke|ङा]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Loke|ङ]], [[ॱङा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱङा]], [[चा#Tiếng_Loke|चा]], [[च#Tiếng_Loke|च]], [[छा#Tiếng_Loke|छा]], [[छ#Tiếng_Loke|छ]], [[जा#Tiếng_Loke|जा]], [[ज#Tiếng_Loke|ज]], [[झा#Tiếng_Loke|झा]], [[झ#Tiếng_Loke|झ]], [[टा#Tiếng_Loke|टा]], [[ट#Tiếng_Loke|ट]], [[ठा#Tiếng_Loke|ठा]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Loke|ठ]], [[डा#Tiếng_Loke|डा]], [[ड#Tiếng_Loke|ड]], [[ढा#Tiếng_Loke|ढा]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Loke|ढ]], [[ता#Tiếng_Loke|ता]], [[त#Tiếng_Loke|त]], [[था#Tiếng_Loke|था]], [[थ#Tiếng_Loke|थ]], [[धा#Tiếng_Loke|धा]], [[ध#Tiếng_Loke|ध]], [[दा#Tiếng_Loke|दा]], [[द#Tiếng_Loke|द]], [[ना#Tiếng_Loke|ना]], [[न#Tiếng_Loke|न]], [[ॱना#Tiếng_Loke|ॱना]], [[पा#Tiếng_Loke|पा]], [[प#Tiếng_Loke|प]], [[फा#Tiếng_Loke|फा]], [[फ#Tiếng_Loke|फ]], [[बा#Tiếng_Loke|बा]], [[ब#Tiếng_Loke|ब]], [[भा#Tiếng_Loke|भा]], [[भ#Tiếng_Loke|भ]], [[मा#Tiếng_Loke|मा]], [[म#Tiếng_Loke|म]], [[ॱमा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱमा]], [[या#Tiếng_Loke|या]], [[य#Tiếng_Loke|य]], [[रा#Tiếng_Loke|रा]], [[र#Tiếng_Loke|र]], [[ॱरा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱरा]], [[ला#Tiếng_Loke|ला]], [[ल#Tiếng_Loke|ल]], [[ॱला#Tiếng_Loke|ॱला]], [[वा#Tiếng_Loke|वा]], [[व#Tiếng_Loke|व]], [[सा#Tiếng_Loke|सा]], [[स#Tiếng_Loke|स]], [[शा#Tiếng_Loke|शा]], [[श#Tiếng_Loke|श]], [[हा#Tiếng_Loke|हा]], [[ह#Tiếng_Loke|ह]], [[ॱहा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱहा]], [[क्षा#Tiếng_Loke|क्षा]], [[ल्‍हा#Tiếng_Loke|ल्‍हा]], [[स्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|स्‍या]], [[श्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|श्‍या]], [[च्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|च्‍या]], [[ज्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|ज्‍या]], [[झ्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|झ्‍या]], [[क्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|क्‍या]], [[ॱ#Tiếng_Loke|ॱ]] ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|loy|Thán từ|tr=o}} #[[dạ|Dạ]], [[vâng]] #[[phải|Phải]] [[không]]? ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=SIL International and HIS Nepal|work=Lhowa - Nepali - English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/lhowa/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=loy&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2016}} =={{langname|mag}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Magaha|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mag|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mag|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Magaha, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mag|'''ओ'''र|tr='''o'''r|[[đoạn]] [[cuối]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Magaha|list={{l-self|mag|अ}}, {{l-self|mag|आ}}, {{l-self|mag|इ}}, {{l-self|mag|ई}}, {{l-self|mag|उ}}, {{l-self|mag|ऊ}}, {{l-self|mag|ऎ}}, {{l-self|mag|ए}}, {{l-self|mag|ऐ}}, {{l-self|mag|ऒ}}, {{l-self|mag|ओ}}, {{l-self|mag|औ}}, {{l-self|mag|अँ}}, {{l-self|mag|क}}, {{l-self|mag|ख}}, {{l-self|mag|ग}}, {{l-self|mag|घ}}, {{l-self|mag|ङ}}, {{l-self|mag|च}}, {{l-self|mag|छ}}, {{l-self|mag|ज}}, {{l-self|mag|झ}}, {{l-self|mag|ञ}}, {{l-self|mag|ट}}, {{l-self|mag|ठ}}, {{l-self|mag|ड}}, {{l-self|mag|ड़}}, {{l-self|mag|ढ}}, {{l-self|mag|ण}}, {{l-self|mag|त}}, {{l-self|mag|थ}}, {{l-self|mag|द}}, {{l-self|mag|ध}}, {{l-self|mag|न}}, {{l-self|mag|प}}, {{l-self|mag|फ}}, {{l-self|mag|ब}}, {{l-self|mag|भ}}, {{l-self|mag|म}}, {{l-self|mag|य}}, {{l-self|mag|र}}, {{l-self|mag|ल}}, {{l-self|mag|व}}, {{l-self|mag|श}}, {{l-self|mag|ष}}, {{l-self|mag|स}}, {{l-self|mag|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mag|author=Asian Sahyogi Sanstha India Gorakhpur, (U.P.)|work=Bible.is|year=2014|entry=मत्ती 27|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/MAGSSI/MAT/27}} =={{langname|mgp}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|mgp|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mgp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Magar Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|mgp|ङै डाङ्‌च होसे पशु चितुवा ल्‍याक्‍च लेया, होच्‍यो मीखुट्‍याको भालु'''ओ''' ल्‍याक्‍च लेया र होच्‍यो मेङ्‌गेर राँघु'''ओ''' ल्‍याक्‍च लेया। अजिङ्‌गरै होसे पशुकी लहो शक्‍ति, सिंहासन र शासन जाट्‍च बाड्‍को अधिकार याहा।|tr=ṅai ḍāṅc hose paśu cituvā lyākc leyā, hocyo mīkhutyāko bhālu'''o''' lyākc leyā ra hocyo meṅger rāṅghu'''o''' lyākc leyā. ajिṅgarai hose paśukī laho śakti, siṃhāsana ra śāsana jāṭc bāḍko adhikāra yāhā.|Con thú tôi thấy đó giống như con beo; chơn nó như chơn gấu, miệng như miệng sư-tử, và con rồng đã lấy sức-mạnh, ngôi, và quyền-phép lớn mà cho nó. ([[s:Khải huyền/13#13:2|Khải huyền 13:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Magar Đông'') [[अ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ई]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अँ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अः]], [[अ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अ᳝]], [[आ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|आ᳝]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ए़]], [[ओ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ओ᳝]], [[अ᳝:#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अ᳝:]], [[क#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ढ]], [[न#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऩ]], [[त#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ध]], [[प#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|व]], [[य़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|य़]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऱ]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ल़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|व़]], [[स#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mgp|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3288/REV.13.EMGP|entry=प्रकाश 13|work=पुर्वीय मगर|year=2022}} =={{langname|mrd}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mrd|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mrd|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Magar Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mrd|'''ओ'''सोट्‍के|tr='''o'''sōṭke|[[ngứa]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Magar Tây'') [[अ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ई]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अँ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अः]], [[अ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अ᳝]], [[आ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|आ᳝]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ए़]], [[ओ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ओ᳝]], [[अ᳝:#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अ᳝:]], [[क#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ढ]], [[न#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऩ]], [[त#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ध]], [[प#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|व]], [[य़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|य़]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऱ]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ल़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|व़]], [[स#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Andrea Csepe (eds.)|work=Magar – Nepali – English - Hungarian Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/wmagar/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=mrd-Deva&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2018|publisher=SIL International}} *{{Chú thích web|mrd|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4406/LUK.3.WMGR|entry=लूका 3|work=पश्‍चिमी मगर ढुट|year=2024}} =={{langname|mjx}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ol Chiki | [[ᱳ#Tiếng_Mahal|ᱳ]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Mahal|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Mahal|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mjx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mjx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Mahal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mjx|आबोहा'''ओ'''या|[[thời tiết]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Mahal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Mahal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Mahal|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Mahal|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Mahal|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Mahal|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Mahal|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Mahal|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Mahal|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Mahal|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Mahal|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Mahal|अँ]], [[इँ#Tiếng_Mahal|इँ]], [[उँ#Tiếng_Mahal|उँ]], [[ऐं#Tiếng_Mahal|ऐं]], [[औं#Tiếng_Mahal|औं]], [[क#Tiếng_Mahal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Mahal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Mahal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Mahal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Mahal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Mahal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Mahal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Mahal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Mahal|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Mahal|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Mahal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Mahal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Mahal|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Mahal|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Mahal|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Mahal|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Mahal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Mahal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Mahal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Mahal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Mahal|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Mahal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Mahal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Mahal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Mahal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Mahal|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Mahal|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Mahal|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Mahal|ल]], [[स#Tiếng_Mahal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Mahal|ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Mahal|व]] =={{langname|mai}}== {{wp|mai:}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Tirhuta | [[𑒍#Tiếng_Maithil|𑒍]] |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Maithil|𑂋]] |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Maithil|𑐌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mai|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mai|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Maithil, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mai|[[w:mai:ओडिशा|'''ओ'''डिशा]]|[[w:Odisha|Odisha]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Maithil|list={{l-self|mai|अ}}, {{l-self|mai|आ}}, {{l-self|mai|इ}}, {{l-self|mai|ई}}, {{l-self|mai|उ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऊ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऋ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऎ}}, {{l-self|mai|ए}}, {{l-self|mai|ꣾ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऐ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऒ}}, {{l-self|mai|ओ}}, {{l-self|mai|ॵ}}, {{l-self|mai|औ}}, {{l-self|mai|ॳ}}, {{l-self|mai|ॴ}}, {{l-self|mai|इऺ}}, {{l-self|mai|उ॑}}, {{l-self|mai|अऽ}}, {{l-self|mai|अ꣱}}, {{l-self|mai|ऍ}}, {{l-self|mai|अः}}, {{l-self|mai|आँ}}, {{l-self|mai|य़}}, {{l-self|mai|व़}}, {{l-self|mai|य़ॆ}}, {{l-self|mai|व़ॊ}}, {{l-self|mai|क}}, {{l-self|mai|ख}}, {{l-self|mai|ग}}, {{l-self|mai|घ}}, {{l-self|mai|ङ}}, {{l-self|mai|च}}, {{l-self|mai|छ}}, {{l-self|mai|ज}}, {{l-self|mai|झ}}, {{l-self|mai|ञ}}, {{l-self|mai|ट}}, {{l-self|mai|ठ}}, {{l-self|mai|ड}}, {{l-self|mai|ढ}}, {{l-self|mai|ण}}, {{l-self|mai|त}}, {{l-self|mai|थ}}, {{l-self|mai|द}}, {{l-self|mai|ध}}, {{l-self|mai|न}}, {{l-self|mai|प}}, {{l-self|mai|फ}}, {{l-self|mai|ब}}, {{l-self|mai|भ}}, {{l-self|mai|म}}, {{l-self|mai|य}}, {{l-self|mai|र}}, {{l-self|mai|ल}}, {{l-self|mai|व}}, {{l-self|mai|श}}, {{l-self|mai|ष}}, {{l-self|mai|स}}, {{l-self|mai|ह}}, {{l-self|mai|ड़}}, {{l-self|mai|ढ़}}, {{l-self|mai|ख़}}, {{l-self|mai|ज़}}, {{l-self|mai|झ़}}, {{l-self|mai|फ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|mai|Đại từ}} #{{lb|mai|distal|honorific}} [[nó]], [[đó]]; [[ông]] [[ta]]; [[cô]] [[ấy]],... ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Pt. Govind Jha|title=Kalyani Kosh : Maithili-English Dictionary|year=1999|page=83|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/dli.language.2334/page/n127}} =={{langname|mup}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|mup|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mup|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Malvi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mup|'''ओ'''लाद|[[con cháu]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Malvi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Malvi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Malvi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Malvi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Malvi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Malvi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Malvi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Malvi|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Malvi|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Malvi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Malvi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Malvi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Malvi|घ]], [[च#Tiếng_Malvi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Malvi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Malvi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Malvi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Malvi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Malvi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Malvi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Malvi|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Malvi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Malvi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Malvi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Malvi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Malvi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Malvi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Malvi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Malvi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Malvi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Malvi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Malvi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Malvi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Malvi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Malvi|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Malvi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Malvi|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|en|editor=Binoy Koshy|work=Malvi – English Dictionary|year=2018|publisher=SIL International®|entry=ओ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/malvi/browse/browse-vernacular/?key=mup&letter=%E0%A4%93}} *{{Chú thích web|mup|author=Malvoday & New Life Literature|work=Parem Sandeso|year=2012|entry=मत्ती 1|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/MUPNLL/MAT/1}} =={{langname|mjl}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Mandi|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|mjl|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mjl|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Mandi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|mjl|'''ओ''' पाखंडी, पैहले आपणी छोटी जे गलती जो सुधार, तेबे तु तेसरी मदद करी सक्हा कि से आपणी गलतिया जो सुधारी सको।|Hỡi kẻ giả-hình! trước hết phải lấy cây đà khỏi mắt mình đi, rồi mới thấy rõ mà lấy cái rác ra khỏi mắt anh em mình được. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/7#7:5|Ma-thi-ơ 7:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Mandi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Mandi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Mandi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Mandi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Mandi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Mandi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Mandi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Mandi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Mandi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Mandi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Mandi|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Mandi|अँ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Mandi|अं]], [[क#Tiếng_Mandi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Mandi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Mandi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Mandi|घ]], [[च#Tiếng_Mandi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Mandi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Mandi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Mandi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Mandi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Mandi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Mandi|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Mandi|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Mandi|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Mandi|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Mandi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Mandi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Mandi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Mandi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Mandi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Mandi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Mandi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Mandi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Mandi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Mandi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Mandi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Mandi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Mandi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Mandi|व]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Mandi|ल़]], [[स#Tiếng_Mandi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Mandi|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mjl|author=The Love Fellowship|work=मंडयाली नंऊँआं नियम|year=2025|entry=मत्ती 7|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2769/MAT.7.MJLNT}} =={{langname|mr}}== {{wp|mr:ओ}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Modi | [[𑘌#Tiếng_Marathi|𑘌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{mar-IPA}} *{{audio|mr|LL-Q1571 (mar)-नंदिनी रानडे-ओ.wav}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Marathi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mr|[[w:mr:ओमान|'''ओ'''मान]]|[[Oman]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Balbodh Devanagari|list={{l-self|mr|अ}}, {{l-self|mr|आ}}, {{l-self|mr|इ}}, {{l-self|mr|ई}}, {{l-self|mr|उ}}, {{l-self|mr|ऊ}}, {{l-self|mr|ए}}, {{l-self|mr|ऐ}}, {{l-self|mr|ओ}}, {{l-self|mr|औ}}, {{l-self|mr|अं}}, {{l-self|mr|अः}}, {{l-self|mr|ॲ}}, {{l-self|mr|ऑ }}, {{l-self|mr|क}}, {{l-self|mr|ख}}, {{l-self|mr|ग}}, {{l-self|mr|घ}}, {{l-self|mr|ङ}}, {{l-self|mr|च}}, {{l-self|mr|छ}}, {{l-self|mr|ज}}, {{l-self|mr|झ}}, {{l-self|mr|ञ}}, {{l-self|mr|ट}}, {{l-self|mr|ठ}}, {{l-self|mr|ड}}, {{l-self|mr|ढ}}, {{l-self|mr|ण}}, {{l-self|mr|त}}, {{l-self|mr|थ}}, {{l-self|mr|द}}, {{l-self|mr|ध}}, {{l-self|mr|न}}, {{l-self|mr|प}}, {{l-self|mr|फ}}, {{l-self|mr|ब}}, {{l-self|mr|भ}}, {{l-self|mr|म}}, {{l-self|mr|य}}, {{l-self|mr|र}}, {{l-self|mr|ल}}, {{l-self|mr|व}}, {{l-self|mr|श}}, {{l-self|mr|ष}}, {{l-self|mr|स}}, {{l-self|mr|ह}}, {{l-self|mr|ळ}}, {{l-self|mr|क्ष}}, {{l-self|mr|ज्ञ}}}} ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|mr|Thán từ|g=f}} #[[đáp|Đáp]] lại lời [[gọi]]; [[dạ]], [[vâng]] #[[tiếng|Tiếng]] [[nôn mửa]] ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== {{col3|mr|ओ देणे<t:đáp lời (không phải điện thoại)>|ओ येणे<t:nôn>}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=James Thomas Molesworth & Baba Padmanji|title=A compendium of Molesworth's Marathi and English dictionary|year=1863|location=Bombay|publisher=Bombay Education Society|page=72|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/compendiumofmole00mole/page/72}} =={{langname|omr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Modi | [[𑘌#Tiếng_Marathi_cổ|𑘌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|omr|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|omr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Marathi cổ. #:{{ux|omr|रा'''ओ'''|[[vua]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Tulpule, Shankar Gopal & Anne Feldhaus|title=A dictionary of old Marathi|year=1999|location=Mumbai|publisher=Popular Prakashan|page=115|pageurl=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/tulpule_query.py?page=115#gsc.tab=0}} =={{langname|mrr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mrr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mrr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Maria, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|mrr|अस्के '''ओ'''र कग़यवालोर येसुनगा एरे वासि '''ओ'''न तेहतोर. “ए गूरु, माक पिसिह कीमु, माट मुळ्न्दिह्‌नल!” इनजोर केयतोर.|tr=Aske '''o'''ra kagayavālōra Yēsunaġa ēre vāsi '''o'''na tehatōra. “Ē gūru, māk pisih kīmu, māṭ muḷndihnal!” inajōra kēyatōra.|Các môn-đồ đến gần, đánh thức Ngài, mà thưa rằng: Lạy Chúa, xin cứu chúng tôi với, chúng tôi hầu chết! ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/8#8:25|Ma-thi-ơ 8:25]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Maria|list={{l-self|mrr|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ग़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ळ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ह|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mrr|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=माडिया गोंड पवित्र सास्त्रम|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2691/MAT.8.%2525E0%2525A4%2525AE%2525E0%2525A4%2525BE%2525E0%2525A4%2525A1%2525E0%2525A4%2525BF%2525E0%2525A4%2525AF%2525E0%2525A4%2525BE%2525E0%2525A4%2525AC%2525E0%2525A4%2525BE%2525E0%2525A4%2525AF%2525E0%2525A5%25258D%2525E0%2525A4%2525AC%2525E0%2525A4%2525B2|entry=मत्याल 8|year=2021}} =={{langname|mwr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Ả Rập | [[و#Tiếng_Marwar|و]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mwr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mwr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Marwar, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mwr|'''ओ'''ठारू|[[lạc đà]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Marwar'') [[अ#Tiếng_Marwar|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Marwar|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Marwar|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Marwar|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Marwar|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऊ]], [[अे#Tiếng_Marwar|अे]]/[[ए#Tiếng_Marwar|ए]], [[अै#Tiếng_Marwar|अै]]/[[ऐ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Marwar|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Marwar|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Marwar|अं]], [[क#Tiếng_Marwar|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Marwar|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Marwar|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Marwar|घ]], [[गं#Tiếng_Marwar|गं]], [[च#Tiếng_Marwar|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Marwar|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Marwar|ज]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Marwar|ज़]], [[ॼ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ॼ़]], [[झ#Tiếng_Marwar|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Marwar|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Marwar|ठ]], [[ॸ#Tiếng_Marwar|ॸ]]/[[ड#Tiếng_Marwar|ड]], [[ड#Tiếng_Marwar|ड]]/[[ड़#Tiếng_Marwar|ड़]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Marwar|ॾ]], [[ॾ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ॾ़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Marwar|ढ]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ढ़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Marwar|ण]], [[ण्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|ण्ह]]/[[ण़#Tiếng_Marwar|ण़]], [[थ#Tiếng_Marwar|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Marwar|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Marwar|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Marwar|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|न्ह]]/[[ऩ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऩ]], [[प#Tiếng_Marwar|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Marwar|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Marwar|ब]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Marwar|ॿ]], [[ॿ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ॿ़]], [[भ#Tiếng_Marwar|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Marwar|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|म्ह]]/[[म़#Tiếng_Marwar|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Marwar|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Marwar|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Marwar|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Marwar|ल़]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Marwar|ळ]], [[ळ्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|ळ्ह]]/[[ऴ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऴ]], [[व#Tiếng_Marwar|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Marwar|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Marwar|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Marwar|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Marwar|ह]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Marwar|श्र]] ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|mwr|Đại từ}} #[[này|Này]], [[đây]] #[[anh|Anh]] [[ta]], [[ông]] [[ấy]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Vijay Raj Dewra, Radhe Vaishnav, Suchita Surana, Umaid Singh Inda, Naresh Khatri, Pooja Rathore, Praveen Arya, Kapil Dev, Nisha Chawriya, Ritu Sisodya, Rajendra Suthar, Vinod Soni|work=Marwari – English Dictionary|year=2019|publisher=SIL International. Project LEARN|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/marwari/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=rwr-IN&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|unx}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Munda|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Munda|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|unx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|unx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Munda, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|unx|साल्‌मन्‌राः हन्‌ बोयाज्‌, बोयाज्‌राः एंगातेयाः नुतुम्‌ राहाब्‌, बोयाज्‌राः हन्‌ '''ओ'''बेद्‌, '''ओ'''बेद्‌राः एंगाते रुत्‌, '''ओ'''बेद्‌राः हन्‌ यिशि,|Sanh-môn bởi Ra-háp sanh Bô-ô. Bô-ô bởi Ru-tơ sanh Ô-bết. Ô-bết sanh Gie-sê; ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/1#1:5|Ma-thi-ơ 1:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Munda'') [[अ#Tiếng_Munda|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Munda|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Munda|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Munda|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Munda|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Munda|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Munda|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Munda|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Munda|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Munda|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Munda|क]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Munda|क्ष]], [[ख#Tiếng_Munda|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Munda|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Munda|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Munda|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Munda|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Munda|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Munda|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Munda|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Munda|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Munda|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Munda|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Munda|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Munda|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Munda|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Munda|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Munda|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Munda|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Munda|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Munda|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Munda|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Munda|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Munda|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Munda|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Munda|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Munda|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Munda|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Munda|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Munda|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Munda|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Munda|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Munda|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Munda|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Munda|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Munda|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|unx|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2792/MAT.1.NTRUU20|entry=ମାଥିଉ 1|work=ପାର୍‌ମେଶ୍ୱାର୍‌ଆଃ ଜୀନିଦ୍‌ ବାଚାନ୍‌, ନାୱା ନିୟାମ୍‌|year=2020}} =={{langname|unr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Mundari|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Mundari|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|unr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|unr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Mundari, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|unr|[[ओलेआ#Tiếng_Mundari|'''ओ'''लेआ]]|[[viết]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Mundari'') [[अ#Tiếng_Mundari|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Mundari|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Mundari|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Mundari|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Mundari|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Mundari|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Mundari|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Mundari|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Mundari|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Mundari|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Mundari|क]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Mundari|क्ष]], [[ख#Tiếng_Mundari|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Mundari|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Mundari|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Mundari|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Mundari|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Mundari|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Mundari|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Mundari|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Mundari|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Mundari|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Mundari|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Mundari|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Mundari|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Mundari|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Mundari|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Mundari|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Mundari|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Mundari|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Mundari|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Mundari|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Mundari|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Mundari|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Mundari|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Mundari|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Mundari|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Mundari|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Mundari|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Mundari|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Mundari|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Mundari|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Mundari|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Mundari|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Mundari|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Mundari|ह]] ===={{ĐM|v}}==== {{head|unr|Động từ}} #[[chạm|Chạm]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Enike Amina Wani, Martin Lomu Goke & Tim Stirtz|work=Mundari-English Dictionary|year=2013|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/mundari/overview/copyright/beli-english/?letter=O&key=qaa-Latg-SD-x-mqu|entry=O}} *{{Chú thích web|unr|author=Munda Believers Assembly|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/unrwfw/mat/20|entry=ମାଥିଉ 20|work=Mundari - 2018 The Word for the World International|year=2020}} =={{langname|fmu}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|fmu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|fmu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Muria Viễn Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|fmu|‘नरका माक हुन्ज मतोरोम असके '''ओ'''नोर चेलालोर वासुन '''ओ'''न कलस '''ओ'''तुरक’ इदाम इन्किट इन्जोर इतुरक।|tr=‘narakā māk huñja matoroma asake '''o'''nora celālor vāsuna '''o'''na kalasa '''o'''turaka’ idāma inkiṭa iñjora ituraka.|mà dặn rằng: Các ngươi hãy nói rằng: Môn-đồ nó đã đến lúc ban đêm, khi chúng tôi đương ngủ, mà lấy trộm nó đi. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/28#28:13|Ma-thi-ơ 28:13]])}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{letters|lang=fmu|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Muria Viễn Tây|अ|आ|इ|उ|ऊ|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|च|छ|ज|झ|ञ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|ण|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|ळ|व|श|ष|स|ह}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|fmu|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=Muria, Far Western|year=2026|entry=मत्ति 28|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3169/MAT.28.FMU}} =={{langname|nit}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Nam_Kolami|ఒ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|nit|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|nit|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Nam Kolami. #:{{quote|nit|'''ओ'''ड़|tr='''o'''ḍ|[[rửa]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|editor=Uma Johnson & G.V. Ramesh|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/54/89/25/54892522721528321878586909573271687411/KOLAMIdictionary.pdf కొలవ గొట్టి అర్థ ఆధారిత వర్గీకరణ విభాగము & తెలుగు, ఆంగ్లం, హిందీ అర్థాలతో బహు భాషా నిఘంటువు]|year=2010|publisher=SIL International|location=India|page=16}} *{{Chú thích web|nit|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3817/ISA.5.KP25|entry=యెషయ 5|work=Kolami Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|ne}}== {{wp|ne:}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Nepal|𑐌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{ne-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ne|Chữ cái}} #[[nguyên âm|Nguyên âm]] thứ 10 trong tiếng Nepal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ne|[[w:ne:ओपेक|'''ओ'''पेक]]|[[opec|OPEC]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nepal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Nepal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Nepal|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Nepal|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Nepal|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Nepal|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Nepal|ऊ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Nepal|ऋ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Nepal|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Nepal|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Nepal|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Nepal|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Nepal|अँ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Nepal|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Nepal|अः]], [[क#Tiếng_Nepal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Nepal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Nepal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Nepal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Nepal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Nepal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Nepal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Nepal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Nepal|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Nepal|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Nepal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Nepal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Nepal|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Nepal|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Nepal|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Nepal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Nepal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Nepal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Nepal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Nepal|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Nepal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Nepal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Nepal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Nepal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Nepal|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Nepal|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Nepal|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Nepal|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Nepal|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Nepal|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Nepal|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Nepal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Nepal|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Ralph Lilley Turner|title=A Comparative And Etymological Dictionary Of The Nepali Language|year=1931|location=London|page=60|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.146785/page/n79}} =={{langname|new}}== {{wikipedia|lang=new}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Newa|𑐌]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|new|/oː/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|new|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 15 trong tiếng Newa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|new|[[w:new:ओहायो|'''ओ'''हायो]]|[[Ohio]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Newa'') [[अ#Tiếng_Newa|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Newa|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Newa|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Newa|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Newa|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Newa|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Newa|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Newa|ऊ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Newa|ऋ]], [[ॠ#Tiếng_Newa|ॠ]], [[ऌ#Tiếng_Newa|ऌ]], [[ॡ#Tiếng_Newa|ॡ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Newa|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Newa|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Newa|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Newa|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Newa|अँ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Newa|अं]], [[अय्#Tiếng_Newa|अय्]], [[आय्#Tiếng_Newa|आय्]], [[एय्#Tiếng_Newa|एय्]], [[क#Tiếng_Newa|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Newa|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Newa|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Newa|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Newa|ङ]], [[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ङ्ह]], [[च#Tiếng_Newa|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Newa|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Newa|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Newa|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Newa|ञ]], [[ञ्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ञ्ह]], [[ट#Tiếng_Newa|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Newa|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Newa|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Newa|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Newa|ण]], [[ण्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ण्ह]], [[त#Tiếng_Newa|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Newa|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Newa|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Newa|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Newa|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Newa|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Newa|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Newa|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Newa|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Newa|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Newa|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Newa|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Newa|य]], [[ह्य#Tiếng_Newa|ह्य]], [[र#Tiếng_Newa|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Newa|ह्र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Newa|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Newa|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Newa|व्ह]], [[श#Tiếng_Newa|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Newa|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Newa|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Newa|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Newa|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Newa|त्र]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Newa|ज्ञ]] =={{langname|caq}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|caq|[oː]|[oˑ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|caq|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Nicobar Car, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nicobar Car'') [[अ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|आ]], [[ऍ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऍ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ए]], [[ऍ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऍ̥]], [[ए̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ए̥]], [[इ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ई]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ओ]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ॲ]], [[ऑ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऑ]], [[अ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|अ॑]], [[आ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|आ॑]], [[उ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऊ]], [[उ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|उ̥]], [[ऊ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऊ̥]], [[क#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|क]], [[क̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|क̥]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|च]], [[स#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|स]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ञ]], [[त#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|त]], [[न#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऩ]], [[प#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|फ]], [[म#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|र]], [[र॒#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|र॒]], [[ल#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|व]], [[ह#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|caq|author=Bible Society of India|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/1060/MIC.1.CANIBSI|entry=MAIKA 1|work=TÖHET LĪPÖRE (Re-edited) Bible (BSI)|year=2024}} =={{langname|nik}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|nik|[oː]|[oˑ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|nik|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Nicobar Nam, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|nik|'''ओ'''ताऽह|tr=[[otāˑha#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|'''o'''tāˑha]]|[[đàn ông]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nicobar Nam'') [[अ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|आ]], [[ऍ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऍ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ए]], [[ऍ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऍ̥]], [[ए̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ए̥]], [[इ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ई]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ओ]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ॲ]], [[ऑ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऑ]], [[अ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|अ॑]], [[आ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|आ॑]], [[उ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऊ]], [[उ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|उ̥]], [[ऊ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऊ̥]], [[क#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|क]], [[क̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|क̥]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|च]], [[स#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|स]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ञ]], [[त#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|त]], [[न#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऩ]], [[प#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|फ]], [[म#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|र]], [[र॒#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|र॒]], [[ल#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|व]], [[ह#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ह]] =={{langname|ncb}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ncb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ncb|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Nicobar Trung, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ncb|'''ओ'''कइ|tr='''o'''kai|[[lấy]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see also}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nicobar Trung|list={{l-self|ncb|अ}}, {{l-self|ncb|आ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऍ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ए}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऍ̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|ए̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|इ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ई}}, {{l-self|ncb|ओ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ॲ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऑ}}, {{l-self|ncb|अ॑}}, {{l-self|ncb|आ॑}}, {{l-self|ncb|उ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऊ}}, {{l-self|ncb|उ̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऊ̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|क}}, {{l-self|ncb|क̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|ङ}}, {{l-self|ncb|च}}, {{l-self|ncb|स}}, {{l-self|ncb|ञ}}, {{l-self|ncb|त}}, {{l-self|ncb|न}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऩ}}, {{l-self|ncb|प}}, {{l-self|ncb|फ}}, {{l-self|ncb|म}}, {{l-self|ncb|य}}, {{l-self|ncb|र}}, {{l-self|ncb|र॒}}, {{l-self|ncb|ल}}, {{l-self|ncb|व}}, {{l-self|ncb|ह}}}} =={{langname|bfz}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bfz|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bfz|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Pahari Mahasu, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bfz|'''ओ'''बद्याह|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Pahari Mahasu'') [[अ#Pahari_Mahasu|अ]], [[आ#Pahari_Mahasu|आ]], [[इ#Pahari_Mahasu|इ]], [[ई#Pahari_Mahasu|ई]], [[उ#Pahari_Mahasu|उ]], [[ऊ#Pahari_Mahasu|ऊ]], [[ए#Pahari_Mahasu|ए]], [[ऐ#Pahari_Mahasu|ऐ]], [[ओ#Pahari_Mahasu|ओ]], [[औ#Pahari_Mahasu|औ]], [[क#Pahari_Mahasu|क]], [[ख#Pahari_Mahasu|ख]], [[ग#Pahari_Mahasu|ग]], [[घ#Pahari_Mahasu|घ]], [[च#Pahari_Mahasu|च]], [[छ#Pahari_Mahasu|छ]], [[ज#Pahari_Mahasu|ज]], [[झ#Pahari_Mahasu|झ]], [[च़#Pahari_Mahasu|च़]], [[छ़#Pahari_Mahasu|छ़]], [[ज़#Pahari_Mahasu|ज़]], [[झ़#Pahari_Mahasu|झ़]], [[ट#Pahari_Mahasu|ट]], [[ठ#Pahari_Mahasu|ठ]], [[ड#Pahari_Mahasu|ड]], [[ड़#Pahari_Mahasu|ड़]], [[ढ#Pahari_Mahasu|ढ]], [[ण#Pahari_Mahasu|ण]], [[त#Pahari_Mahasu|त]], [[थ#Pahari_Mahasu|थ]], [[द#Pahari_Mahasu|द]], [[ध#Pahari_Mahasu|ध]], [[न#Pahari_Mahasu|न]], [[प#Pahari_Mahasu|प]], [[फ#Pahari_Mahasu|फ]], [[ब#Pahari_Mahasu|ब]], [[भ#Pahari_Mahasu|भ]], [[म#Pahari_Mahasu|म]], [[म़#Pahari_Mahasu|म़]], [[य#Pahari_Mahasu|य]], [[र#Pahari_Mahasu|र]], [[ल#Pahari_Mahasu|ल]], [[ल़#Pahari_Mahasu|ल़]], [[व#Pahari_Mahasu|व]], [[श#Pahari_Mahasu|श]], [[ष#Pahari_Mahasu|ष]], [[स#Pahari_Mahasu|स]], [[ह#Pahari_Mahasu|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bfz|author=Beyond Translation|work=पवित्र परमेशरो रा वचन बघल्याणी भाषा दे|year=2026|entry=ओबद्याह 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2957/OBA.1.BGH}} =={{langname|kmj}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Paharia_Kumarbhag|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kmj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kmj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Paharia Kumarbhag, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kmj|'''ओ'''र्ग्-दु|tr='''o'''rg-du|[[móng vuốt]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Paharia Kumarbhag'') [[अ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|अ]], [[आ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|आ]], [[इ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|इ]], [[ई#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ई]], [[उ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|उ]], [[ऊ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ऊ]], [[ए#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ए]], [[ऐ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ऐ]], [[ओ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ओ]], [[औ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|औ]], [[क#Paharia_Kumarbhag|क]], [[क़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|क़]], [[ख#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ख]], [[ग#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ग]], [[ग़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ग़]], [[घ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|घ]], [[ङ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ङ]], [[च#Paharia_Kumarbhag|च]], [[छ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|छ]], [[ज#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ज]], [[झ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|झ]], [[ञ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ञ]], [[ट#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ट]], [[ठ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ठ]], [[ड#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ड]], [[ड़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ड़]], [[ढ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ढ]], [[ण#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ण]], [[त#Paharia_Kumarbhag|त]], [[थ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|थ]], [[द#Paharia_Kumarbhag|द]], [[द़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|द़]], [[ध#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ध]], [[न#Paharia_Kumarbhag|न]], [[प#Paharia_Kumarbhag|प]], [[फ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|फ]], [[ब#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ब]], [[भ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|भ]], [[म#Paharia_Kumarbhag|म]], [[य#Paharia_Kumarbhag|य]], [[र#Paharia_Kumarbhag|र]], [[ल#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ल]], [[व#Paharia_Kumarbhag|व]], [[श#Paharia_Kumarbhag|श]], [[ष#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ष]], [[स#Paharia_Kumarbhag|स]], [[ह#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|title=Dravidian family: Northeastern group (2 lists)|url=https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|publisher=The Global Lexicostatistical Database|year=2011-2016|accessdate=2026-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124190709/https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|archivedate=2025-01-24}} =={{langname|mjt}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Paharia_Sauria|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mjt|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mjt|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Paharia Sauria, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mjt|'''ओ'''त्ए|tr='''o'''t-e|[[nặng]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Paharia Sauria'') [[अ#Paharia_Sauria|अ]], [[आ#Paharia_Sauria|आ]], [[इ#Paharia_Sauria|इ]], [[ई#Paharia_Sauria|ई]], [[उ#Paharia_Sauria|उ]], [[ऊ#Paharia_Sauria|ऊ]], [[ए#Paharia_Sauria|ए]], [[ऐ#Paharia_Sauria|ऐ]], [[ओ#Paharia_Sauria|ओ]], [[औ#Paharia_Sauria|औ]], [[क#Paharia_Sauria|क]], [[क़#Paharia_Sauria|क़]], [[ख#Paharia_Sauria|ख]], [[ग#Paharia_Sauria|ग]], [[ग़#Paharia_Sauria|ग़]], [[घ#Paharia_Sauria|घ]], [[ङ#Paharia_Sauria|ङ]], [[च#Paharia_Sauria|च]], [[छ#Paharia_Sauria|छ]], [[ज#Paharia_Sauria|ज]], [[झ#Paharia_Sauria|झ]], [[ञ#Paharia_Sauria|ञ]], [[ट#Paharia_Sauria|ट]], [[ठ#Paharia_Sauria|ठ]], [[ड#Paharia_Sauria|ड]], [[ड़#Paharia_Sauria|ड़]], [[ढ#Paharia_Sauria|ढ]], [[ण#Paharia_Sauria|ण]], [[त#Paharia_Sauria|त]], [[थ#Paharia_Sauria|थ]], [[द#Paharia_Sauria|द]], [[द़#Paharia_Sauria|द़]], [[ध#Paharia_Sauria|ध]], [[न#Paharia_Sauria|न]], [[प#Paharia_Sauria|प]], [[फ#Paharia_Sauria|फ]], [[ब#Paharia_Sauria|ब]], [[भ#Paharia_Sauria|भ]], [[म#Paharia_Sauria|म]], [[य#Paharia_Sauria|य]], [[र#Paharia_Sauria|र]], [[ल#Paharia_Sauria|ल]], [[व#Paharia_Sauria|व]], [[श#Paharia_Sauria|श]], [[ष#Paharia_Sauria|ष]], [[स#Paharia_Sauria|स]], [[ह#Paharia_Sauria|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|title=Dravidian family: Northeastern group (2 lists)|url=https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|publisher=The Global Lexicostatistical Database|year=2011-2016|accessdate=2026-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124190709/https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|archivedate=2025-01-24}} =={{langname|pi}}== ==={{ĐM|alt sc}}=== {{pi-alt|Latn=o}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pi|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Pali, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|pi|'''ओ'''दन|[[cơm]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Pali|list={{l-self|pi|अ}}, {{l-self|pi|आ}}, {{l-self|pi|इ}}, {{l-self|pi|ई}}, {{l-self|pi|उ}}, {{l-self|pi|ऊ}}, {{l-self|pi|ऍ}}, {{l-self|pi|ओ}}, {{l-self|pi|क}}, {{l-self|pi|ख}}, {{l-self|pi|ग}}, {{l-self|pi|घ}}, {{l-self|pi|ङ}}, {{l-self|pi|च}}, {{l-self|pi|छ}}, {{l-self|pi|ज}}, {{l-self|pi|झ}}, {{l-self|pi|ञ}}, {{l-self|pi|ट}}, {{l-self|pi|ठ}}, {{l-self|pi|ड}}, {{l-self|pi|ढ}}, {{l-self|pi|ण}}, {{l-self|pi|त}}, {{l-self|pi|थ}}, {{l-self|pi|द}}, {{l-self|pi|ध}}, {{l-self|pi|न}}, {{l-self|pi|प}}, {{l-self|pi|फ}}, {{l-self|pi|ब}}, {{l-self|pi|भ}}, {{l-self|pi|म}}, {{l-self|pi|य}}, {{l-self|pi|र}}, {{l-self|pi|ल}}, {{l-self|pi|व}}, {{l-self|pi|स}}, {{l-self|pi|ह}}, {{l-self|pi|ळ}}}} =={{langname|pcf}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Malayalam | [[ഒ#Tiếng_Paliyan|ഒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pcf|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pcf|Chữ cái}} #Chữ cái Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Paliyan. #:{{quote|pcf|तीहयो आह़फा नु ह़ुपड़ु तीना हात मे ली लेदलो से, अने तीहयो आह़फा ना खळा मे गम नीकाळीन चोखाळहे अने गम ने मोहटी मे भरहे, पण गम ना चारा ने आक्‌ठी मे नाख देहे जे कदी नी '''ओ'''लाये।|tr=tīhayo āḥfā nu ḥupaḍu tīnā hāta me lī ledalo se, ane tīhayo āḥfā nā khaḷā me gama nīkāḷīna cokhāḷahe ane gama ne mohṭī me bharahe, paṇa gama nā cārā ne āk‌ṭhī me nākha dehe je kadī nī '''o'''lāye.|Tay Ngài cầm-nia mà dê thật sạch sân lúa mình, và Ngài sẽ chứa lúa vào kho, còn rơm-rạ thì đốt trong lửa chẳng hề tắt. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/3#3:12|Ma-thi-ơ 3:12]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|pcf|author=Yisu Por Bherho Karanya Palya Mandli, Rajpur, Barwani, (MP)|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/pcfwfw/mat/3|entry=मत्‌ती नी लीखली ईसु मसी नी खुस-खबर 3|work=The Word for the World International|year=2020}} =={{langname|tdb}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|tdb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|tdb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Panchpargania. #:{{quote|tdb|'''ओ'''हे खने एक टा रोगी के जेके लाकवा माइर रहे, उके लोग गिला खाइटे उठाय कहन आनलयँ आर उमने घर भीतर ईसु ताहाँ लेगायेक कोसिस करलयँ।|tr='''o'''he khane eka ṭā rogī ke jeke lākavā māira rahe, uke loga gilā khāiṭe uṭhāya kahana ānalayã āra umane ghara bhītara īsu tāhā̃ legāyek kosisa karalayã.|Bấy giờ, có mấy người khiêng một kẻ đau bại trên giường, kiếm cách đem vào để trước mặt Đức Chúa Jêsus. ([[s:Lu-ca/5#5:18|Lu-ca 5:18]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Panchpargania|list={{l-self|tdb|अ}}, {{l-self|tdb|आ}}, {{l-self|tdb|इ}}, {{l-self|tdb|उ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ए}}, {{l-self|tdb|ओ}}, {{l-self|tdb|क}}, {{l-self|tdb|ख}}, {{l-self|tdb|ग}}, {{l-self|tdb|घ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ङ}}, {{l-self|tdb|च}}, {{l-self|tdb|छ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ज}}, {{l-self|tdb|झ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ञ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ट}}, {{l-self|tdb|ठ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ड}}, {{l-self|tdb|ढ}}, {{l-self|tdb|त}}, {{l-self|tdb|थ}}, {{l-self|tdb|द}}, {{l-self|tdb|ध}}, {{l-self|tdb|न}}, {{l-self|tdb|प}}, {{l-self|tdb|फ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ब}}, {{l-self|tdb|भ}}, {{l-self|tdb|म}}, {{l-self|tdb|य}}, {{l-self|tdb|र}}, {{l-self|tdb|ल}}, {{l-self|tdb|स}}, {{l-self|tdb|ह}}, {{l-self|tdb|ड़}}, {{l-self|tdb|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|tdb|entryurl=https://media.ipsapps.org/tdb/osa/01-LUK-005.html|entry=लूका 5|work=Panchpargarnia Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|pgg}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Pangwala|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pgg|[o]|[ɘ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pgg|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Pangwala, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|pgg|ईं शुण कइ से सोब कठे भु'''ओ''' मेह्‍णु तीं जड़ी गे त तेन्हि मारणे की।|Họ nghe mấy lời thì nghiến-ngầm, giận-hoảng, bàn mưu giết các sứ-đồ. ([[s:Công vụ các Sứ đồ/5#5:33|Công vụ các Sứ đồ 5:33]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Pangwala|list={{l-self|pgg|अ}}, {{l-self|pgg|आ}}, {{l-self|pgg|इ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ई}}, {{l-self|pgg|उ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ऊ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ए}}, {{l-self|pgg|ऐ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ओ}}, {{l-self|pgg|औ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ऑ}}, {{l-self|pgg|अं}}, {{l-self|pgg|अः}}, {{l-self|pgg|क}}, {{l-self|pgg|ख}}, {{l-self|pgg|ग}}, {{l-self|pgg|घ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ङ}}, {{l-self|pgg|च}}, {{l-self|pgg|छ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ज}}, {{l-self|pgg|झ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ञ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ट}}, {{l-self|pgg|ठ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ड}}, {{l-self|pgg|ढ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ण}}, {{l-self|pgg|त}}, {{l-self|pgg|थ}}, {{l-self|pgg|द}}, {{l-self|pgg|ध}}, {{l-self|pgg|न}}, {{l-self|pgg|प}}, {{l-self|pgg|फ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ब}}, {{l-self|pgg|भ}}, {{l-self|pgg|म}}, {{l-self|pgg|य}}, {{l-self|pgg|र}}, {{l-self|pgg|ल}}, {{l-self|pgg|व}}, {{l-self|pgg|श}}, {{l-self|pgg|ष}}, {{l-self|pgg|स}}, {{l-self|pgg|ह}}, {{l-self|pgg|ड़}}, {{l-self|pgg|ळ}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|pgg|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3555/ACT.5.PGG|entry=प्रतिनिधि 5|work=Walangi|year=2023}} =={{langname|sa}}== {{wp|sa:ओ}} ==={{ĐM|alt sc}}=== {{sa-alt}} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{san-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sa|Chữ cái}} #[[nguyên âm|Nguyên âm]] thứ 13 trong tiếng Phạn, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|sa|[[w:sa:ओष्ठः|'''ओ'''ष्ठः]]|[[môi]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Phạn|list={{l-self|sa|अ}}, {{l-self|sa|आ}}, {{l-self|sa|इ}}, {{l-self|sa|ई}}, {{l-self|sa|उ}}, {{l-self|sa|ऊ}}, {{l-self|sa|ऋ}}, {{l-self|sa|ॠ}}, {{l-self|sa|ऌ}}, {{l-self|sa|ॡ}}, {{l-self|sa|ए}}, {{l-self|sa|ऐ}}, {{l-self|sa|ओ}}, {{l-self|sa|औ}}, {{l-self|sa|क}}, {{l-self|sa|ख}}, {{l-self|sa|ग}}, {{l-self|sa|घ}}, {{l-self|sa|ङ}}, {{l-self|sa|च}}, {{l-self|sa|छ}}, {{l-self|sa|ज}}, {{l-self|sa|झ}}, {{l-self|sa|ञ}}, {{l-self|sa|ट}}, {{l-self|sa|ठ}}, {{l-self|sa|ड}}, {{l-self|sa|ढ}}, {{l-self|sa|ण}}, {{l-self|sa|त}}, {{l-self|sa|थ}}, {{l-self|sa|द}}, {{l-self|sa|ध}}, {{l-self|sa|न}}, {{l-self|sa|प}}, {{l-self|sa|फ}}, {{l-self|sa|ब}}, {{l-self|sa|भ}}, {{l-self|sa|म}}, {{l-self|sa|य}}, {{l-self|sa|र}}, {{l-self|sa|ल}}, {{l-self|sa|व}}, {{l-self|sa|श}}, {{l-self|sa|ष}}, {{l-self|sa|स}}, {{l-self|sa|ह}}, {{l-self|sa|ळ}}}} ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|sa|Thán từ}} #[[Ô]], [[ối]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Monier Williams|page=235|pageurl=https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/servepdf.php?page=235|title=A Sanskrit–English Dictionary|year=1899|location=Oxford|publisher=At the Clarendon Press}} =={{langname|pra}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pra|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pra|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Prakit. #:{{ux|pra|'''ओ'''ट्ठ|tr=[[𑀑𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀫#Tiếng_Prakrit|'''𑀑'''𑀝𑁆𑀞]]|[[môi]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|psu}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|psu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|psu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Prakit Saurasen. #:{{ux|psu|'''ओ'''धि|tr='''𑀑'''𑀥𑀺|[[giới hạn]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|raj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|raj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|raj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Rajasthan, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Rajasthan'') [[अ#Rajasthan|अ]], [[आ#Rajasthan|आ]], [[इ#Rajasthan|इ]], [[ई#Rajasthan|ई]], [[उ#Rajasthan|उ]], [[ऊ#Rajasthan|ऊ]], [[अे#Rajasthan|अे]], [[ओ#Rajasthan|ओ]], [[औ#Rajasthan|औ]], [[अं#Rajasthan|अं]], [[आं#Rajasthan|आं]], [[इं#Rajasthan|इं]], [[ईं#Rajasthan|ईं]], [[उं#Rajasthan|उं]], [[ऊं#Rajasthan|ऊं]], [[एं#Rajasthan|एं]], [[ओं#Rajasthan|ओं]], [[क#Rajasthan|क]], [[ख#Rajasthan|ख]], [[ग#Rajasthan|ग]], [[घ#Rajasthan|घ]], [[च#Rajasthan|च]], [[छ#Rajasthan|छ]], [[ज#Rajasthan|ज]], [[झ#Rajasthan|झ]], [[ट#Rajasthan|ट]], [[ठ#Rajasthan|ठ]], [[ड#Rajasthan|ड]], [[ढ#Rajasthan|ढ]], [[ॾ#Rajasthan|ॾ]], [[ॾ़#Rajasthan|ॾ़]], [[ण#Rajasthan|ण]], [[ण़#Rajasthan|ण़]], [[त#Rajasthan|त]], [[थ#Rajasthan|थ]], [[द#Rajasthan|द]], [[ध#Rajasthan|ध]], [[न#Rajasthan|न]], [[ऩ#Rajasthan|ऩ]], [[प#Rajasthan|प]], [[फ#Rajasthan|फ]], [[ब#Rajasthan|ब]], [[भ#Rajasthan|भ]], [[ॿ#Rajasthan|ॿ]], [[ॿ़#Rajasthan|ॿ़]], [[म#Rajasthan|म]], [[म़#Rajasthan|म़]], [[य#Rajasthan|य]], [[र#Rajasthan|र]], [[ड़#Rajasthan|ड़]], [[ढ़#Rajasthan|ढ़]], [[ज़#Rajasthan|ज़]], [[ॼ़#Rajasthan|ॼ़]], [[ल#Rajasthan|ल]], [[ल़#Rajasthan|ल़]], [[ळ#Rajasthan|ळ]], [[व#Rajasthan|व]], [[श#Rajasthan|श]], [[ष#Rajasthan|ष]], [[स#Rajasthan|स]], [[स़#Rajasthan|स़]], [[ह#Rajasthan|ह]], [[श्र#Rajasthan|श्र]], [[क्ष#Rajasthan|क्ष]] =={{langname|rjs}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rjs|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rjs|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Rajbanshi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|rjs|तम़ा संसारेर '''ओ'''जोत हन। पाहारखानेर पर बसाल नगरखान नुकाए रहबा नि पार्बे।|tr=tomā saṃsārer '''o'''jota han. pāhārkhāner para basāla nagarkhāna nukāe rahabā ni pārbe.|Các ngươi là sự sáng của thế-gian; một cái thành ở trên núi thì không khi nào bị khuất được: ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/5#5:14|Ma-thi-ơ 5:14]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Rajbanshi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ङ़]] ([[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ङ्ह]]), [[च#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऩ]] ([[न्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|न्ह]]), [[प#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|म़]] ([[म्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|म्ह]]), [[य#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|र]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऱ]] ([[ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ह]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ल़]] ([[ल्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ल्ह]]), [[व#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Kamta – Bengali Dictionary|year=2020|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/rajbanshi/browse/?key=rkt-Beng&letter=%E0%A6%93|entry=ও}} *{{Chú thích web|rjs|author=Indian Evangelical Mission|work=Bible|year=2009|entry=मत्ति 5|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/RJSMTS/MAT/5}} =={{langname|rkt}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Rangpur|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rkt|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rkt|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 11 trong tiếng Rangpur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Rangpur'') [[अ#Tiếng_Rangpur|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Rangpur|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Rangpur|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Rangpur|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Rangpur|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ऊ]], [[र्ऋ#Tiếng_Rangpur|र्ऋ]], [[र्ॠ#Tiếng_Rangpur|र्ॠ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Rangpur|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Rangpur|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Rangpur|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Rangpur|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Rangpur|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Rangpur|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Rangpur|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Rangpur|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Rangpur|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Rangpur|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Rangpur|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Rangpur|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Rangpur|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Rangpur|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Rangpur|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Rangpur|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Rangpur|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Rangpur|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Rangpur|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Rangpur|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Rangpur|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Rangpur|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Rangpur|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Rangpur|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Rangpur|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Rangpur|ल]], [[श#Tiếng_Rangpur|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Rangpur|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Rangpur|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Rangpur|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Rangpur|क्ष]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Rangpur|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Rangpur|ढ़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Kamta – Bengali Dictionary|year=2020|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/rajbanshi/browse/?key=rkt-Beng&letter=%E0%A6%93|entry=ও}} =={{langname|rau}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rau|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rau|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Raute, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Raute'') [[अ#Tiếng_Raute|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Raute|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Raute|ई]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Raute|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Raute|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Raute|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Raute|अँ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Raute|अः]], [[अ᳝#Tiếng_Raute|अ᳝]], [[आ᳝#Tiếng_Raute|आ᳝]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Raute|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Raute|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Raute|ए़]], [[ओ᳝#Tiếng_Raute|ओ᳝]], [[अ᳝:#Tiếng_Raute|अ᳝:]], [[क#Tiếng_Raute|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Raute|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Raute|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Raute|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Raute|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Raute|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Raute|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Raute|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Raute|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Raute|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Raute|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Raute|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Raute|ढ]], [[न#Tiếng_Raute|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Raute|ऩ]], [[त#Tiếng_Raute|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Raute|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Raute|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Raute|ध]], [[प#Tiếng_Raute|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Raute|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Raute|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Raute|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Raute|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Raute|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Raute|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Raute|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Raute|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Raute|व]], [[य़#Tiếng_Raute|य़]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Raute|ऱ]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Raute|ल़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Raute|व़]], [[स#Tiếng_Raute|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Raute|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Jana Fortier|title=A Comparative Dictionary of Raute and Rawat: Tibeto-Burman Languages of the Central Himalayas|year=2019|publisher=Department of South Asian Studies, Harvard University|isbn=9780674984349}} =={{langname|sck}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Sadri|ଓ]] |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Sadri|ও]] |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Sadri|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sck|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sck|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sadri, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|sck|'''ओ'''ल्ता|[[hàng]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sadri'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sadri|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sadri|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sadri|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sadri|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sadri|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sadri|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sadri|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sadri|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sadri|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sadri|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Sadri|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sadri|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sadri|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Sadri|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Sadri|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Sadri|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sadri|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sadri|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Sadri|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Sadri|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sadri|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sadri|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sadri|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Sadri|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Sadri|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Sadri|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sadri|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sadri|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Sadri|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Sadri|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sadri|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sadri|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sadri|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Sadri|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Sadri|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sadri|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sadri|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sadri|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Sadri|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sadri|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Sadri|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Sadri|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sadri|ह]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Sadri|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Sadri|ढ़]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Sadri|क्ष]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hi|author=Toby Anderson|year=2020|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/sadri/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=sck&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|publisher=SIL International|work=Sadri Dictionary}} *{{Chú thích web|sck|author=Beyond Translation|work=सादरी नवाँ नियम|year=2026|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3683/REV.1.SCK}} =={{langname|sat}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ol Chiki | [[ᱳ#Tiếng_Santal|ᱳ]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Santal|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Santal|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sat|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sat|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Santal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|sat|'''ओ'''द|tr='''o'''da|[[ẩm]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Santal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Santal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Santal|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Santal|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Santal|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Santal|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Santal|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Santal|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Santal|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Santal|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Santal|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Santal|अँ]], [[इँ#Tiếng_Santal|इँ]], [[उँ#Tiếng_Santal|उँ]], [[ऐं#Tiếng_Santal|ऐं]], [[औं#Tiếng_Santal|औं]], [[क#Tiếng_Santal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Santal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Santal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Santal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Santal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Santal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Santal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Santal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Santal|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Santal|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Santal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Santal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Santal|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Santal|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Santal|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Santal|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Santal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Santal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Santal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Santal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Santal|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Santal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Santal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Santal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Santal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Santal|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Santal|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Santal|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Santal|ल]], [[स#Tiếng_Santal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Santal|ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Santal|व]] =={{langname|skr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ả Rập | [[او#Tiếng_Saraiki|او]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gurmukhi | [[ਓ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ਓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|skr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|skr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Saraiki, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Saraiki'') [[अ#Tiếng_Saraiki|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Saraiki|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Saraiki|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Saraiki|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Saraiki|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Saraiki|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Saraiki|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Saraiki|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Saraiki|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Saraiki|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Saraiki|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Saraiki|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ङ]], [[ॻ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॻ]], [[च#Tiếng_Saraiki|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Saraiki|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Saraiki|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Saraiki|झ]], [[ॼ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॼ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Saraiki|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Saraiki|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Saraiki|ण]], [[ट्र#Tiếng_Saraiki|ट्र]], [[ड्र#Tiếng_Saraiki|ड्र]], [[ढ्र#Tiếng_Saraiki|ढ्र]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Saraiki|ड़]], [[ढ़़#Tiếng_Saraiki|ढ़़]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॾ]], [[ॾ़#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॾ़]], [[त#Tiếng_Saraiki|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Saraiki|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Saraiki|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Saraiki|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Saraiki|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Saraiki|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Saraiki|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Saraiki|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Saraiki|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Saraiki|म]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॿ]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Saraiki|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Saraiki|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Saraiki|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Saraiki|व]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ऱ]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|ल्ह]], [[श#Tiếng_Saraiki|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Saraiki|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|ह]] =={{langname|saz}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Saurashtra | [[ꢏ#Tiếng_Saurashtra|ꢏ]] |- ! Tamil | [[ஒ#Tiếng_Saurashtra|ஒ]] |- ! Latinh | [[O#Tiếng_Saurashtra|O]] [[o#Tiếng_Saurashtra|o]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|saz|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|saz|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Saurashtra, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|saz|'''ओ'''गुनवीस|tr='''o'''gunavīs|[[mười chín]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|saz|author=Bible Society of India|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3666/MAT.2|entry=மத்தேயு 2|work=Saurashtra Bible (BSI)|year=2025}} =={{langname|xsr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|xsr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|xsr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sherpa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|xsr|'''ओ''', खोनक्‍पुतिवा, ख्‍यिराङ च्‍यिला ङला खोक्‍पा ल्‍हेवी?|Hỡi kẻ giả-hình, sao các ngươi thử ta? ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/22#22:18|Ma-thi-ơ 22:18]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sherpa'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sherpa|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sherpa|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sherpa|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sherpa|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sherpa|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sherpa|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sherpa|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|अँ]], [[आँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|आँ]], [[इँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|इँ]], [[उँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|उँ]], [[एँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|एँ]], [[ऐँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ऐँ]], [[ओँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ओँ]], [[औँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|औँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Sherpa|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sherpa|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sherpa|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ङ]], [[क्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|क्य]], [[ख्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ख्य]], [[ग्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ग्य]], [[च#Tiếng_Sherpa|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sherpa|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sherpa|ज]], [[च्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|च्य]], [[छ्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|छ्य]], [[ज्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ज्य]], [[ङ्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ङ्य]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sherpa|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sherpa|ड]], [[त#Tiếng_Sherpa|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sherpa|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sherpa|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Sherpa|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sherpa|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sherpa|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sherpa|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Sherpa|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sherpa|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sherpa|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Sherpa|ह्र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sherpa|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Sherpa|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Sherpa|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sherpa|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Sherpa|स]], [[श़#Tiếng_Sherpa|श़]], [[स़#Tiếng_Sherpa|स़]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sherpa|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|xsr|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/1337/MAT.22.XSRNT|entry=मत्ती 22|year=2014|work=कोन्छ्‌योककी सुङ}} =={{langname|scl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|scl|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|scl|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 14 trong tiếng Shina, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Shina'') [[ॳ#Tiếng_Shina|ॳ]], [[ॴ#Tiếng_Shina|ॴ]], [[अ#Tiếng_Shina|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Shina|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Shina|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Shina|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Shina|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Shina|ऊ]], [[ऍ#Tiếng_Shina|ऍ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Shina|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Shina|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Shina|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Shina|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Shina|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Shina|ग]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Shina|ख़]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Shina|ग़]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Shina|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Shina|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Shina|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Shina|ज]], [[श#Tiếng_Shina|श]], [[श़#Tiếng_Shina|श़]], [[य#Tiếng_Shina|य]], [[च़#Tiếng_Shina|च़]], [[छ़#Tiếng_Shina|छ़]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Shina|ज़]], [[स#Tiếng_Shina|स]], [[ट#Tiếng_Shina|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Shina|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Shina|ड]], [[ण#Tiếng_Shina|ण]], [[ष#Tiếng_Shina|ष]], [[ष़#Tiếng_Shina|ष़]], [[त#Tiếng_Shina|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Shina|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Shina|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Shina|न]], [[र#Tiếng_Shina|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Shina|ल]], [[प#Tiếng_Shina|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Shina|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Shina|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Shina|म]], [[व#Tiếng_Shina|व]], [[ह#Tiếng_Shina|ह]] =={{langname|sd}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ả Rập | [[و#Tiếng_Sindh|و]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Sindh | [[𑊸#Tiếng_Sindh|𑊸]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sd|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sd|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sindh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sindh'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sindh|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sindh|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sindh|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sindh|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sindh|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sindh|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sindh|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sindh|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sindh|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sindh|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Sindh|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sindh|ख]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Sindh|ख़]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sindh|ग]], [[ॻ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॻ]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Sindh|ग़]], [[घ#Tiếng_Sindh|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Sindh|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Sindh|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sindh|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sindh|ज]], [[ॼ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॼ]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Sindh|ज़]], [[झ#Tiếng_Sindh|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Sindh|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sindh|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sindh|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sindh|ड]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॾ]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Sindh|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Sindh|ढ]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Sindh|ढ़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Sindh|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Sindh|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sindh|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sindh|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Sindh|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Sindh|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sindh|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sindh|फ]], [[फ़#Tiếng_Sindh|फ़]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sindh|ब]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॿ]], [[भ#Tiếng_Sindh|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Sindh|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sindh|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sindh|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sindh|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Sindh|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sindh|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Sindh|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Sindh|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sindh|ह]] =={{langname|srx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|srx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|srx|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sirmaur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|srx|नु'''ओ'''|tr=nu'''o'''|[[mới]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sirmaur'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Sirmaur|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Sirmaur|अः]], [[क#Tiếng_Sirmaur|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|घ]], [[गं#Tiếng_Sirmaur|गं]], [[च#Tiếng_Sirmaur|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Sirmaur|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sirmaur|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Sirmaur|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sirmaur|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Sirmaur|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sirmaur|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sirmaur|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Sirmaur|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sirmaur|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Sirmaur|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|srx|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3253/REV.1.SRXNT|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|work=सिरमौरी नौवाँ नियम|year=2025}} =={{langname|sjp}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Surjapur|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Surjapur|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sjp|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sjp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ cái thứ 6 trong bảng chữ cái Devanagari tiếng Surjapur. #:{{ux|sjp|'''ओ'''कार|tr='''o'''kāra|[[đuốc]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{letters|lang=sjp|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Surjapur|अ|आ|इ|उ|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|च|छ|ज|झ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|र|ल|श|ष|ह}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Surjapuri – Bengali Dictionary|year=2020|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/surjapuri/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=sjp&letter=%E0%A6%93|entry=ও}} *{{Chú thích sách|sjp|author=Nav Bharat Mission|title=New Testament in Surjapuri (बाइबिल, सुरजापुरी)|year=2017|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/newtestament-surjapuri/page/n1|page=1}} =={{langname|taj}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|taj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|taj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Tamang Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|taj|'''ओ'''ब|tr='''o'''b|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Tamang Đông'') [[अ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ई]], [[इः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अँ]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अ्य]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अ्व]], [[क#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|घ]]([[ग़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ग़]]), [[ङ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ज]], [[ट#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ढ]]([[ड़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ड़]]), [[त#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|न]], [[न्ह(ऩ)#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|न्ह(ऩ)]], [[प#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|भ]]([[ब़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ब़]]), [[म#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|म्ह]]([[म़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|म़]]), [[य#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|य्ह]]([[य़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|य़]]), [[र#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ह्र]]([[ऱ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ऱ]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ल्ह]]([[ल़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ल़]]), [[व#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|व्ह]]([[व़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|व़]]), [[ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|स]], [[स्ह(स़)#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|स्ह(स़)]], [[ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|taj|author=Eastern Tamang Language Team|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/1177/OBA.1.TAJ|entry=ओब 1|year=2011|publisher=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=परमेश्वरला बचन छार कबुल}} =={{langname|tge}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|tge|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|tge|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Tamang Gorkha Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Tamang Gorkha Đông'') [[अ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ई]], [[इः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अँ]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अ्य]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अ्व]], [[क#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|घ]]([[ग़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ग़]]), [[ङ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ज]], [[ट#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ढ]]([[ड़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ड़]]), [[त#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|न]], [[न्ह(ऩ)#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|न्ह(ऩ)]], [[प#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|भ]]([[ब़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ब़]]), [[म#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|म्ह]]([[म़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|म़]]), [[य#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|य्ह]]([[य़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|य़]]), [[र#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ह्र]]([[ऱ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ऱ]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ल्ह]]([[ल़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ल़]]), [[व#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|व्ह]]([[व़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|व़]]), [[ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|स]], [[स्ह(स़)#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|स्ह(स़)]], [[ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ज्ञ]] =={{langname|tdg}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|tdg|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|tdg|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Tamang Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|tdg|'''ओ'''नछ्‍यङ|tr='''o'''nachyaṅ|[[nghèo]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Tamang Tây'') [[अ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ई]], [[इः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अँ]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अ्य]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अ्व]], [[क#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|घ]]([[ग़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ग़]]), [[ङ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ज]], [[ट#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ढ]]([[ड़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ड़]]), [[त#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|न]], [[न्ह(ऩ)#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|न्ह(ऩ)]], [[प#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|भ]]([[ब़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ब़]]), [[म#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|म्ह]]([[म़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|म़]]), [[य#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|य्ह]]([[य़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|य़]]), [[र#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ह्र]]([[ऱ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ऱ]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ल्ह]]([[ल़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ल़]]), [[व#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|व्ह]]([[व़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|व़]]), [[ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|स]], [[स्ह(स़)#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|स्ह(स़)]], [[ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Mother Tongue Center Nepal|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/wtamang/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=tdg&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2017|publisher=SIL International®|work=Western Tamang Dictionary}} =={{langname|vav}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Varli|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|vav|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|vav|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Varli, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Varli'') [[अ#Varli|अ]], [[आ#Varli|आ]], [[इ#Varli|इ]], [[ई#Varli|ई]], [[उ#Varli|उ]], [[ऊ#Varli|ऊ]], [[ए#Varli|ए]], [[ऐ#Varli|ऐ]], [[ओ#Varli|ओ]], [[औ#Varli|औ]], [[अं#Varli|अं]], [[अः#Varli|अः]], [[ॲ#Varli|ॲ]], [[ऑ#Varli|ऑ]], [[क#Varli|क]], [[ख#Varli|ख]], [[ग#Varli|ग]], [[घ#Varli|घ]], [[ङ#Varli|ङ]], [[च#Varli|च]], [[छ#Varli|छ]], [[ज#Varli|ज]], [[झ#Varli|झ]], [[ञ#Varli|ञ]], [[ट#Varli|ट]], [[ठ#Varli|ठ]], [[ड#Varli|ड]], [[ढ#Varli|ढ]], [[ण#Varli|ण]], [[त#Varli|त]], [[थ#Varli|थ]], [[द#Varli|द]], [[ध#Varli|ध]], [[न#Varli|न]], [[प#Varli|प]], [[फ#Varli|फ]], [[ब#Varli|ब]], [[भ#Varli|भ]], [[म#Varli|म]], [[य#Varli|य]], [[र#Varli|र]], [[ल#Varli|ल]], [[व#Varli|व]], [[श#Varli|श]], [[ष#Varli|ष]], [[स#Varli|स]], [[ह#Varli|ह]], [[ळ#Varli|ळ]], [[क्ष#Varli|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Varli|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Abraham, G.; Abraham, Hemalatha|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/75/93/1475937409474978221737387197924835991/LCDD_20_2012_Abraham_Varli_Phonological_Grammar_Sketches.pdf Varli Phonology and Grammar Sketches]|publisher=SIL International|year=2012|location=Dallas, Texas}} =={{langname|vas}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|vas|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|vas|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Vasavi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|vas|तांहांअ राजांय तीया '''ओ'''मोलदाराल हादीन आख्यों, ‘'''ओ''' खाराब सोबावावाला '''ओ'''मोलदार! तुंयुं मांन कालावाला केअया तीयाअ लीदे मांयुं तोअ बादों लेणों माफ केअयों।|tr=tānhā̃a rājā̃ya tīyā '''o'''moladārāl hādīna ākhyō̃, “'''o''' khārāba sobāvāvālā '''o'''moladār! tũyũ mā̃na kālāvālā keayā tīyāa līde mā̃yũ toa bādō̃ lēṇō̃ māf keayō̃.|Chủ bèn đòi đầy-tớ ấy đến mà nói rằng: Hỡi đầy-tớ độc-ác kia, ta đã tha hết nợ cho ngươi, vì ngươi cầu-xin ta; ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/18#18:32|Ma-thi-ơ 18:32]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Vasavi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Vasavi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Vasavi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Vasavi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Vasavi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Vasavi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Vasavi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Vasavi|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Vasavi|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Vasavi|अः]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ॲ]], [[ऑ #Tiếng_Vasavi|ऑ ]], [[क#Tiếng_Vasavi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Vasavi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Vasavi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Vasavi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Vasavi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Vasavi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Vasavi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Vasavi|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Vasavi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Vasavi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Vasavi|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Vasavi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Vasavi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Vasavi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Vasavi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Vasavi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Vasavi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Vasavi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Vasavi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Vasavi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Vasavi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Vasavi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Vasavi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Vasavi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Vasavi|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Vasavi|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Vasavi|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Vasavi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Vasavi|ह]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ळ]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Vasavi|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|vas|author=Vasavi Boli|entryurl=https://media.ipsapps.org/vas/osa/bible/khan/01-MAT-018.html|entry=माथी 18|work=Vasavi Khandesi Bible|year=2024}} =={{langname|wbq}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Waddar|ఒ]] |- ! Kannada | [[ಒ#Tiếng_Waddar|ಒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|wbq|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|wbq|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Waddar. #:{{quote|wbq|आबाड स्वता अधिकारला काळ इंगा वेळ फेटीनाळ आइ '''ओ'''ळखास्काम मी तीकुड लेद.|tr=Ābāḍ svatā adhikārālā kāḷ iṅgā vēḷ pheṭīnāḷ āi '''o'''ḷakhāskāmī tīkūḍa lēda.|Kỳ-hạn và ngày-giờ mà Cha đã tự quyền định lấy, ấy là việc các ngươi chẳng nên biết. ([[s:Công vụ các Sứ đồ/1#1:7|Công vụ các Sứ đồ 1:7]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|wbq|author=Bridge Connectivity Solutions Pvt. Ltd.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3979/ACT.1.WRR|entry=प्रेषित 1|work=वडार|year=2026}} =={{langname|wme}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|wme|[o]|[ɔ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|wme|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Wambule, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Wambule'') [[अ#Tiếng_Wambule|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Wambule|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Wambule|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Wambule|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Wambule|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Wambule|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Wambule|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Wambule|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Wambule|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Wambule|औ]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Wambule|अ्व]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Wambule|अ्य]], [[क#Tiếng_Wambule|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Wambule|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Wambule|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Wambule|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Wambule|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Wambule|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Wambule|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Wambule|ज]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Wambule|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Wambule|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Wambule|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Wambule|ड]], [[ड्अ#Tiếng_Wambule|ड्अ]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Wambule|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Wambule|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Wambule|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Wambule|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Wambule|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Wambule|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Wambule|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Wambule|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Wambule|ब]], [[ब्‍‍अ#Tiếng_Wambule|ब्‍‍अ]], [[भ#Tiếng_Wambule|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Wambule|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Wambule|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Wambule|र]], [[ऱ्व#Tiếng_Wambule|ऱ्व]], [[ऱ्य#Tiếng_Wambule|ऱ्य]], [[ल#Tiếng_Wambule|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Wambule|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Wambule|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Wambule|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Wambule|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|wme|entry=प्रकाश १|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/wme/osa/bible/#/text Wambule Bible]|year=2025}} =={{langname|nnp}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Wancho | [[𞋕#Tiếng_Wancho|𞋕]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Latinh | [[O#Tiếng_Wancho|O]] [[o#Tiếng_Wancho|o]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|nnp|[ɔ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|nnp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Wancho, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|nnp|'''ओ'''म|tr={{l|nnp|'''𞋕'''𞋘}}|[[gia nhập]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Wancho'') [[अ#Tiếng_Wancho|अ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Wancho|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Wancho|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Wancho|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Wancho|ओ]], [[ओँ#Tiếng_Wancho|ओँ]], [[एँ#Tiếng_Wancho|एँ]], [[आँ#Tiếng_Wancho|आँ]], [[अउ#Tiếng_Wancho|अउ]], [[ऊँ#Tiếng_Wancho|ऊँ]], [[अङ्#Tiếng_Wancho|अङ्]], [[आं#Tiếng_Wancho|आं]], [[ईङ्#Tiếng_Wancho|ईङ्]], [[ओं#Tiếng_Wancho|ओं]], [[यीः#Tiếng_Wancho|यीः]], [[क#Tiếng_Wancho|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Wancho|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Wancho|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Wancho|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Wancho|च]], [[ज#Tiếng_Wancho|ज]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Wancho|ञ]], [[त#Tiếng_Wancho|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Wancho|थ]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Wancho|त्र]], [[द#Tiếng_Wancho|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Wancho|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Wancho|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Wancho|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Wancho|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Wancho|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Wancho|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Wancho|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Wancho|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Wancho|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Wancho|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Wancho|स]], [[च्ष#Tiếng_Wancho|च्ष]]/ [[च्स#Tiếng_Wancho|च्स]], [[थ्ल#Tiếng_Wancho|थ्ल]], [[ह#Tiếng_Wancho|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|en|author=Living Dictionaries|entryurl=https://livingdictionaries.app/wancho/entries?q=%7B%22query%22%3A%22%F0%9E%8B%95%22%7D|entry=𞋕|work=Wancho|year=2025}} =={{langname|ybh}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ybh|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ybh|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Yakkha, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ybh|'''ओ'''कोम्‍फु|tr='''o'''kōmphu|[[ngực]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Yakkha'') [[आ#Tiếng_Yakkha|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Yakkha|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Yakkha|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Yakkha|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ओ]], [[ॽ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ॽ]], [[क#Tiếng_Yakkha|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Yakkha|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Yakkha|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Yakkha|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Yakkha|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Yakkha|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Yakkha|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Yakkha|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Yakkha|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Yakkha|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Yakkha|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Yakkha|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Yakkha|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Yakkha|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Yakkha|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Yakkha|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Yakkha|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Yakkha|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Yakkha|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Yakkha|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Yakkha|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Yakkha|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Yakkha|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Yakkha|व]], [[ह्व#Tiếng_Yakkha|ह्व]], [[स#Tiếng_Yakkha|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Yakkha|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Jiban Yakkha|work=Yakkha – Nepali – English Dictionary|year=2015|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/yakkha/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=ybh&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|ybi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ybi|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ybi|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Yamphu, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ybi|'''ओ'''क्‍ठिक|tr='''o'''kṭhika|[[nòng nọc]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Yamphu'') [[अ#Tiếng_Yamphu|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Yamphu|आ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Yamphu|ए]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Yamphu|ए़]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ओ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Yamphu|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Yamphu|उ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Yamphu|आः]], [[एः#Tiếng_Yamphu|एः]], [[ए़:#Tiếng_Yamphu|ए़:]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Yamphu|ओः]], [[इः#Tiếng_Yamphu|इः]], [[उः#Tiếng_Yamphu|उः]], [[क#Tiếng_Yamphu|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Yamphu|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Yamphu|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Yamphu|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Yamphu|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Yamphu|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Yamphu|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Yamphu|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Yamphu|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Yamphu|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Yamphu|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Yamphu|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Yamphu|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Yamphu|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Yamphu|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Yamphu|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Yamphu|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Yamphu|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Yamphu|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Yamphu|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Yamphu|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Yamphu|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Yamphu|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Yamphu|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Yamphu|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Yamphu|ह]], [[ॽ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ॽ]] ==={{ĐM|adv}}=== {{head|ybi|Phó từ|tr=o}} #[[xa|Xa]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Yamphu Kirat Society|work=Yamphu - Nepali – English Dictionary|year=2019|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/yamphu/en/browse/browse-yamphu-nepali/?key=ybi&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|scp}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|scp|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|scp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Yolmo, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|scp|'''ओ'''म|tr='''o'''m|[[lỗ]], [[hố]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Yolmo'') [[अ#Tiếng_Yolmo|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Yolmo|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Yolmo|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Yolmo|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Yolmo|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ओ]], [[अ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|अ़]], [[आ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|आ़]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ए़]], [[ओ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ओ़]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Yolmo|अँ]], [[अˑ#Tiếng_Yolmo|अˑ]], [[क#Tiếng_Yolmo|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Yolmo|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Yolmo|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ङ]], [[क्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|क्य]], [[ख्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ख्य]], [[ग्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ग्य]], [[च#Tiếng_Yolmo|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Yolmo|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज़]], [[ङ्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ङ्य]], [[च्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|च्य]], [[छ्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|छ्य]], [[ज्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज्य]], [[ज़्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज़्य]], [[ट#Tiếng_Yolmo|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Yolmo|ड]], [[त#Tiếng_Yolmo|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Yolmo|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Yolmo|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Yolmo|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Yolmo|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Yolmo|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Yolmo|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Yolmo|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Yolmo|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Yolmo|र]], [[ऱ्ह#Tiếng_Yolmo|ऱ्ह]], [[ल#Tiếng_Yolmo|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Yolmo|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Yolmo|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Yolmo|स]], [[स्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|स्य]], [[ह#Tiếng_Yolmo|ह]], [[घ#Tiếng_Yolmo|घ]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ढ]], [[ध#Tiếng_Yolmo|ध]], [[श#Tiếng_Yolmo|श]] ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|scp|Thán từ|tr=o}} #Thể hiện đồng ý: dạ, vâng. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Anna Maria Hari & Chhegu Lama|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/20/68/76/20687635068490737809780070500342314186/Long_Dictionary.pdf ह्योल्मो-नेपाली-अँग्रेजी]|year=2004|publisher=Central Department of Linguistics, Tribhuvan University|page=35}} *{{Chú thích web|scp|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3545/MAT.18.HYLM|entry=मत्ती 18|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|year=2023|work=ह्योल्‍मो}} [[Thể loại:Khối ký tự Devanagari|13]] 7wfprau4fcs46nua6nrkmx0mbyt4hou 2573569 2573544 2026-10-26T02:41:09Z Hiyuune 50834 2573569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{minitoc}} {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== [[File:Devanagari o ओ.gif|thumb]] ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mul|/oː/}} {{qualifier|thay đổi theo ngôn ngữ}} ==={{ĐM|desction}}=== {{mul-letter|o}} #Chữ Devanagari '''o'''. ===={{ĐM|usage}}==== *Dạng dấu nguyên âm là &#x200c;&#x094B;. =={{langname|ahr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ahr|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ahr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Ahiran, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ahr|'''ओ'''वा|cây ''[[w:Trachyspermum ammi|Trachyspermum ammi]]''|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Ahiran'') [[अ#Tiếng_Ahiran|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Ahiran|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Ahiran|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Ahiran|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Ahiran|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Ahiran|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Ahiran|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Ahiran|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Ahiran|अः]], [[क#Tiếng_Ahiran|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Ahiran|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Ahiran|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Ahiran|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Ahiran|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Ahiran|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Ahiran|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Ahiran|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Ahiran|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Ahiran|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Ahiran|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Ahiran|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Ahiran|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Ahiran|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Ahiran|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Ahiran|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Ahiran|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Ahiran|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Ahiran|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Ahiran|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Ahiran|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Ahiran|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Ahiran|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Ahiran|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Ahiran|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Ahiran|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Ahiran|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Ahiran|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Ahiran|ह]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ळ]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Ahiran|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Ahiran|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|ahr|author=The Word for the World International|work=Ahirani Bible|year=2025|entry=मत्तय 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2776/MAT.1.AII25}} =={{langname|akj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|akj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|akj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Aka-Jeru, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Aka-Jeru|list={{l-self|akj|आ}}, {{l-self|akj|आऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ई}}, {{l-self|akj|ईऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ऊ}}, {{l-self|akj|ऊऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ए}}, {{l-self|akj|एऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|ऐ}}, {{l-self|akj|ओ}}, {{l-self|akj|ओऽ}}, {{l-self|akj|अࠧ}}, {{l-self|akj|आࠧ}}, {{l-self|akj|क}}, {{l-self|akj|ख}}, {{l-self|akj|ङ}}, {{l-self|akj|च}}, {{l-self|akj|छ}}, {{l-self|akj|ज}}, {{l-self|akj|ञ}}, {{l-self|akj|ट}}, {{l-self|akj|ठ}}, {{l-self|akj|ड}}, {{l-self|akj|ड़}}, {{l-self|akj|त}}, {{l-self|akj|थ}}, {{l-self|akj|द}}, {{l-self|akj|न}}, {{l-self|akj|प}}, {{l-self|akj|फ}}, {{l-self|akj|ब}}, {{l-self|akj|म}}, {{l-self|akj|य}}, {{l-self|akj|र}}, {{l-self|akj|ल}}, {{l-self|akj|ल्य}}, {{l-self|akj|ल्व}}, {{l-self|akj|व}}, {{l-self|akj|श}}, {{l-self|akj|स}}, {{l-self|akj|ह}}}} =={{langname|anp}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|anp|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|anp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 11 trong tiếng Angika, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Angika|list={{l-self|anp|अ}}, {{l-self|anp|आ}}, {{l-self|anp|इ}}, {{l-self|anp|ई}}, {{l-self|anp|उ}}, {{l-self|anp|ऊ}}, {{l-self|anp|ऋ}}, {{l-self|anp|ए}}, {{l-self|anp|ऐ}}, {{l-self|anp|ऍ}}, {{l-self|anp|ओ}}, {{l-self|anp|औ}}, {{l-self|anp|अः}}, {{l-self|anp|अँ}}, {{l-self|anp|अं}}, {{l-self|anp|क}}, {{l-self|anp|ख}}, {{l-self|anp|ग}}, {{l-self|anp|घ}}, {{l-self|anp|ङ}}, {{l-self|anp|च}}, {{l-self|anp|छ}}, {{l-self|anp|ज}}, {{l-self|anp|झ}}, {{l-self|anp|ञ}}, {{l-self|anp|ट}}, {{l-self|anp|ठ}}, {{l-self|anp|ड}}, {{l-self|anp|ढ}}, {{l-self|anp|ण}}, {{l-self|anp|त}}, {{l-self|anp|थ}}, {{l-self|anp|द}}, {{l-self|anp|ध}}, {{l-self|anp|न}}, {{l-self|anp|प}}, {{l-self|anp|फ}}, {{l-self|anp|ब}}, {{l-self|anp|भ}}, {{l-self|anp|म}}, {{l-self|anp|य}}, {{l-self|anp|र}}, {{l-self|anp|ल}}, {{l-self|anp|व}}, {{l-self|anp|श}}, {{l-self|anp|ष}}, {{l-self|anp|स}}, {{l-self|anp|ह}}, {{l-self|anp|ड़}}, {{l-self|anp|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hi|author=Toby Anderson|entry=आ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/angika/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=anp&letter=%E0%A4%86|publisher=SIL International|year=2020|work=Angika Dictionary}} =={{langname|asr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|asr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|asr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ cái Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Asur. #:{{ux|asr|[[ओट#Tiếng_Asur|'''ओ'''ट]]|tr='''o'''t|[[đất]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|aph}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|aph|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|aph|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Athpariya, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|aph|'''ओ'''एङ्‌स्‍वा|tr='''o'''ēṅsvā|[[xương sống]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Athpariya|list={{l-self|aph|आ}}, {{l-self|aph|इ}}, {{l-self|aph|उ}}, {{l-self|aph|ए}}, {{l-self|aph|ओ}}, {{l-self|aph|क}}, {{l-self|aph|ख}}, {{l-self|aph|ग}}, {{l-self|aph|घ}}, {{l-self|aph|ङ}}, {{l-self|aph|च}}, {{l-self|aph|छ}}, {{l-self|aph|ज}}, {{l-self|aph|झ}}, {{l-self|aph|ट}}, {{l-self|aph|ठ}}, {{l-self|aph|ड}}, {{l-self|aph|ढ}}, {{l-self|aph|त}}, {{l-self|aph|थ}}, {{l-self|aph|द}}, {{l-self|aph|ध}}, {{l-self|aph|न}}, {{l-self|aph|प}}, {{l-self|aph|फ}}, {{l-self|aph|ब}}, {{l-self|aph|भ}}, {{l-self|aph|म}}, {{l-self|aph|य}}, {{l-self|aph|र}}, {{l-self|aph|ल}}, {{l-self|aph|व}}, {{l-self|aph|व्ह}}, {{l-self|aph|स}}, {{l-self|aph|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Dhan Bahadur Kimdan (David)|entry=ओ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/athpahariya/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=aph&letter=%E0%A4%93|publisher=SIL International|year=2015|work=Athpahariya – Nepali – English Dictionary}} =={{langname|ae}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Avesta | [[𐬊#Tiếng_Avesta|𐬊]] |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Avesta|ઓ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ae|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ae|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Avesta, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Avesta|list={{l-self|ae|अ}}, {{l-self|ae|आ}}, {{l-self|ae|ॲ}}, {{l-self|ae|ऑ}}, {{l-self|ae|ऄ}}, {{l-self|ae|अे}}, {{l-self|ae|ऒ}}, {{l-self|ae|ओ}}, {{l-self|ae|आो}}, {{l-self|ae|अँ}}, {{l-self|ae|अॕ}}, {{l-self|ae|इ}}, {{l-self|ae|ई}}, {{l-self|ae|उ}}, {{l-self|ae|ऊ}}, {{l-self|ae|ꣳ}}, {{l-self|ae|क}}, {{l-self|ae|ख़}}, {{l-self|ae|क्ष᳝}}, {{l-self|ae|ख़्व}}, {{l-self|ae|ग}}, {{l-self|ae|घ़}}, {{l-self|ae|ग़}}, {{l-self|ae|त}}, {{l-self|ae|थ़}}, {{l-self|ae|द}}, {{l-self|ae|ध़}}, {{l-self|ae|त़}}, {{l-self|ae|च}}, {{l-self|ae|ज}}, {{l-self|ae|प}}, {{l-self|ae|फ़}}, {{l-self|ae|ब}}, {{l-self|ae|ब़}}, {{l-self|ae|ङ}}, {{l-self|ae|ङ्घ़}}, {{l-self|ae|ङ्व़}}, {{l-self|ae|न}}, {{l-self|ae|ञ}}, {{l-self|ae|ण}}, {{l-self|ae|म}}, {{l-self|ae|म्ह}}, {{l-self|ae|य}}, {{l-self|ae|य़}}, {{l-self|ae|व}}, {{l-self|ae|र}}, {{l-self|ae|ल}}, {{l-self|ae|स}}, {{l-self|ae|ज़}}, {{l-self|ae|श}}, {{l-self|ae|ॹ}}, {{l-self|ae|ष}}, {{l-self|ae|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Joseph H. Peterson|year=1995|title=[http://www.avesta.org/avdict/avdict.htm Dictionary of most common AVESTA words]}} =={{langname|awa}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Awadh|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|awa|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|awa|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Awadh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|awa|[[w:awa:ओमान|'''ओ'''मान]]|[[Oman]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Awadh|list={{l-self|awa|अ}}, {{l-self|awa|आ}}, {{l-self|awa|इ}}, {{l-self|awa|ई}}, {{l-self|awa|उ}}, {{l-self|awa|ऊ}}, {{l-self|awa|ए}}, {{l-self|awa|ऐ}}, {{l-self|awa|ओ}}, {{l-self|awa|औ}}, {{l-self|awa|अं}}, {{l-self|awa|अः}}, {{l-self|awa|अँ}}, {{l-self|awa|ऋ}}, {{l-self|awa|क}}, {{l-self|awa|ख}}, {{l-self|awa|ग}}, {{l-self|awa|घ}}, {{l-self|awa|ङ}}, {{l-self|awa|च}}, {{l-self|awa|छ}}, {{l-self|awa|ज}}, {{l-self|awa|झ}}, {{l-self|awa|ञ}}, {{l-self|awa|ट}}, {{l-self|awa|ठ}}, {{l-self|awa|ड}}, {{l-self|awa|ढ}}, {{l-self|awa|ण}}, {{l-self|awa|त}}, {{l-self|awa|थ}}, {{l-self|awa|द}}, {{l-self|awa|ध}}, {{l-self|awa|न}}, {{l-self|awa|प}}, {{l-self|awa|फ}}, {{l-self|awa|ब}}, {{l-self|awa|भ}}, {{l-self|awa|म}}, {{l-self|awa|य}}, {{l-self|awa|र}}, {{l-self|awa|ल}}, {{l-self|awa|व}}, {{l-self|awa|श}}, {{l-self|awa|ष}}, {{l-self|awa|स}}, {{l-self|awa|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|awa|author=Bible League International|work=पवित्तर बाइबिल|year=2025|entry=उत्पत्ति 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2560/GEN.1.AERV}} =={{langname|bhj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Bahing, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bhj|'''ओ'''खु|tr='''o'''khu|[[mía]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{letters|lang=bhj|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bahing|अ|आ|इ|उ|उ़|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|स|ह|ॽ}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Dr. Netra Mani Dumi Rai|work=Bahing – Nepali – English Dictionary|year=2023|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/bahing/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=bhj&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|vjk}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Bajjika|𑂋]] |- ! Tirhuta | [[𑒍#Tiếng_Bajjika|𑒍]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|vjk|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|vjk|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị phụ âm '''/oː/''' trong tiếng Bajjika. #:{{quote|vjk|उ लोगसब जोन सुरुसे हि परमेश्‍वरके वचनके गबाह आ सेवक रहलइ, '''ओ'''कनीसब इ चिज हमनीके सोप देलकइ।|tr=U logsab jon suruse hi Parmeshwarke bachanke gabah a sewak rahalai, '''o'''knisab i chij hamnīke sop delkai.|theo như các người chứng-kiến từ lúc ban đầu và trở nên người giảng đạo đã truyền lại cho chúng ta, ([[s:Lu-ca/1#1:2|Lu-ca 1:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|vjk|author=Manna Harvest, Bajjika Translation Committee & Wycliffe Bible Translators Inc.|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/vjk/osa/bible/#/text Bajjika Bible 1.0]|year=2026|entry=लूका १}} =={{langname|bft}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ả Rập | [[و#Tiếng_Balti|و]] |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Balti|ཨོ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bft|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bft|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Balti, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Balti|list={{l-self|bft|अ}}, {{l-self|bft|आ}}, {{l-self|bft|इ}}, {{l-self|bft|ई}}, {{l-self|bft|उ}}, {{l-self|bft|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bft|ऍ}}, {{l-self|bft|ए}}, {{l-self|bft|ओˇ}}, {{l-self|bft|ओ}}, {{l-self|bft|क}}, {{l-self|bft|ख}}, {{l-self|bft|ग}}, {{l-self|bft|क़}}, {{l-self|bft|ङ}}, {{l-self|bft|च}}, {{l-self|bft|छ}}, {{l-self|bft|ज}}, {{l-self|bft|ञ}}, {{l-self|bft|च़}}, {{l-self|bft|छ़}}, {{l-self|bft|त}}, {{l-self|bft|थ}}, {{l-self|bft|द}}, {{l-self|bft|न}}, {{l-self|bft|ट}}, {{l-self|bft|ठ}}, {{l-self|bft|ड}}, {{l-self|bft|प}}, {{l-self|bft|फ}}, {{l-self|bft|ब}}, {{l-self|bft|म}}, {{l-self|bft|फ़}}, {{l-self|bft|य}}, {{l-self|bft|र}}, {{l-self|bft|ल}}, {{l-self|bft|व}}, {{l-self|bft|स}}, {{l-self|bft|श}}, {{l-self|bft|ज़}}, {{l-self|bft|झ़}}, {{l-self|bft|ख़}}, {{l-self|bft|घ़}}, {{l-self|bft|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Richard Keith Sprigg|title=Balti-English English-Balti Dictionary|year=2002|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780700713806|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3Pjk-4ZshMC}} =={{langname|bap}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|bap|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bap|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Bantawa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|bap|खोन्‍किना रात्‍खामिचिआ याङ अ़लोआकि म़चिन्‍तुचिवा म़चुवा, खोन्‍कि यहुदिचिदा आय़'''ओ''' लेन्‌तारि '''ओ''' दुम्‌ङा फेसायुङ्‌सा।|tr=Khonkina ratkhamiciā yaṅ aloāki macintucivā macuvā, khonki Yahudicidā āy'''o''' lentāri '''o''' dumṅā phesāyuṅsā.|Mấy tên lính đó lấy bạc, và làm theo như lời. Tiếng ấy đã đồn ra trong dân Giu-đa cho đến ngày nay. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/28#28:15|Ma-thi-ơ 28:15]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bantawa|list={{l-self|bap|अ}}, {{l-self|bap|अ़}}, {{l-self|bap|आ}}, {{l-self|bap|इ}}, {{l-self|bap|उ}}, {{l-self|bap|उ़}}, {{l-self|bap|ए}}, {{l-self|bap|ओ}}, {{l-self|bap|अ៱}}, {{l-self|bap|क}}, {{l-self|bap|ख}}, {{l-self|bap|ग}}, {{l-self|bap|घ}}, {{l-self|bap|ङ}}, {{l-self|bap|च}}, {{l-self|bap|छ}}, {{l-self|bap|ज}}, {{l-self|bap|झ}}, {{l-self|bap|त}}, {{l-self|bap|थ}}, {{l-self|bap|द}}, {{l-self|bap|ध}}, {{l-self|bap|न}}, {{l-self|bap|प}}, {{l-self|bap|फ}}, {{l-self|bap|ब}}, {{l-self|bap|भ}}, {{l-self|bap|म}}, {{l-self|bap|य}}, {{l-self|bap|र}} ({{l-self|bap|ऱ}}), {{l-self|bap|ल}}, {{l-self|bap|व}}, {{l-self|bap|स}}, {{l-self|bap|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Werner Winter|title=A Bantawa Dictionary|year=2003|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=9783110177107|page=34|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTuMWRZ8OfkC&pg=PA84}} *{{Chú thích web|bap|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/en-GB/bible/3060/MAT.28.BAP|entry=मत्‍ति 28|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|year=2025|work=बान्‍तावा राई}} =={{langname|byw}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|byw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|byw|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Belhariya, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{letters|lang=byw|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Belhariya|अ|इ|उ|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|ष|ह}} =={{langname|bhd}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhd|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhd|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhadarwah. #:{{ux|bhd|'''ओ'''बद्याह|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bhd|author=Beyond Translation|work=भड्लाई भाषाई मां पवित्र शास्त्र|year=2020|entry=ओबद्याह 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2767/OBA.1.BHDNT}} =={{langname|bgw}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Bhatri|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bgw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bgw|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhatri. #:{{ux|bgw|मातर मरियम बेटा पा'''ओ'''तले ईसुप ताके ना चिंयला। आवरी आंय पिलार नांव ईसु सोंगायला।|tr=mātara mariyama beṭā pā'''o'''tale īsupa tāke nā ciṃyalā. āvarī āṃya pilāra nāṃva īsu soṃgāyalā.|song không hề ăn-ở với cho đến khi người sanh một trai, thì đặt tên là Jêsus. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/1#1:25|Ma-thi-ơ 1:25]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bgw|author=Indian Evangelical Mission|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/BGWIEM/MAT/1|entry=मती लिकला नंगत खबर 1|work=Bible.is|year=2022}} =={{langname|bht}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bht|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bht|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhattiyat. #:{{quote|bht|प्रभु परमेश्वर बोलदा है, “मैं अलफा कने '''ओ'''मेगा है, मतलब की मैं ही है जिनी सारियां चीजां दी शुरुआत किती, कने मैं ही है जिनी सारियां चीजां जो खत्म करणा, कने मैं ही है जड़ा हमेशा ला था, कने जड़ा औणे बाला है, मैं सारयां ला शक्तिशाली है।|tr=Prabhu Parameśvara boldā hai, “Maiṁ alphā kane '''o'''mēgā hai, matalaba kī maiṁ hī hai jinī sāriyāṁ cīzāṁ dī śurū'āta kītī, kane maiṁ hī hai jinī sāriyāṁ cīzāṁ jō khatama karaṇā, kane maiṁ hī hai jeṛā hamēśā lā thā, kane jeṛā āuṇē bālā hai, maiṁ sāriyāṁ lā śaktīśālī hai.”|Chúa là Đức Chúa Trời, Đấng hiện có, đã có, và còn đến, là Đấng Toàn-năng, phán rằng: Ta là An-pha và Ô-mê-ga. ([[s:Khải huyền/1#1:8|Khải huyền 1:8]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bht|author=Beyond Translation|work=भटियाली नोआ नियम|year=2020|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3245/REV.1.BHTNT}} =={{langname|bhb}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Bhil|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Bhil, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhil|list={{l-self|bhb|अ}}, {{l-self|bhb|आ}}, {{l-self|bhb|इ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ई}}, {{l-self|bhb|उ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ए}}, {{l-self|bhb|ऐ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ओ}}, {{l-self|bhb|औ}}, {{l-self|bhb|अं}}, {{l-self|bhb|क}}, {{l-self|bhb|ख}}, {{l-self|bhb|ग}}, {{l-self|bhb|घ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ङ}}, {{l-self|bhb|च}}, {{l-self|bhb|ज}}, {{l-self|bhb|ट}}, {{l-self|bhb|ठ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ड}}, {{l-self|bhb|ढ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ण}}, {{l-self|bhb|त}}, {{l-self|bhb|थ}}, {{l-self|bhb|द}}, {{l-self|bhb|ध}}, {{l-self|bhb|न}}, {{l-self|bhb|प}}, {{l-self|bhb|फ}}, {{l-self|bhb|ब}}, {{l-self|bhb|भ}}, {{l-self|bhb|म}}, {{l-self|bhb|य}}, {{l-self|bhb|र}}, {{l-self|bhb|ल}}, {{l-self|bhb|ळ}}, {{l-self|bhb|व}}, {{l-self|bhb|श}}, {{l-self|bhb|स}}, {{l-self|bhb|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Stephen Watters|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/16/54/22/165422481227949765106602053433447679464/silesr2013_004.pdf A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Bhils of Northern Dhule District]|year=2013|publisher=SIL International|location=Dallas, Texas}} =={{langname|bho}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Bhojpur|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{bho-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bho|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 4 trong tiếng Bhojpur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bho|'''ओ'''धी|[[thực vật]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhojpur|list={{l-self|bho|अ}}, {{l-self|bho|आ}}, {{l-self|bho|इ}}, {{l-self|bho|ई}}, {{l-self|bho|उ}}, {{l-self|bho|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bho|ए}}, {{l-self|bho|ऐ}}, {{l-self|bho|ओ}}, {{l-self|bho|औ}}, {{l-self|bho|अः}}, {{l-self|bho|अँ}}, {{l-self|bho|क}}, {{l-self|bho|ख}}, {{l-self|bho|ग}}, {{l-self|bho|घ}}, {{l-self|bho|ङ}}, {{l-self|bho|च}}, {{l-self|bho|छ}}, {{l-self|bho|ज}}, {{l-self|bho|झ}}, {{l-self|bho|ञ}}, {{l-self|bho|ट}}, {{l-self|bho|ठ}}, {{l-self|bho|ड}}, {{l-self|bho|ड़}}, {{l-self|bho|ढ}}, {{l-self|bho|ढ़}}, {{l-self|bho|ण}}, {{l-self|bho|त}}, {{l-self|bho|थ}}, {{l-self|bho|द}}, {{l-self|bho|ध}}, {{l-self|bho|न}}, {{l-self|bho|प}}, {{l-self|bho|फ}}, {{l-self|bho|ब}}, {{l-self|bho|भ}}, {{l-self|bho|म}}, {{l-self|bho|य}}, {{l-self|bho|र}}, {{l-self|bho|ल}}, {{l-self|bho|व}}, {{l-self|bho|श}}, {{l-self|bho|ष}}, {{l-self|bho|स}}, {{l-self|bho|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Bhojpuri – Hindi Dictionary|year=2019|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/bhojpuri/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?letter=%E0%A4%86&key=bho|entry=आ}} =={{langname|byh}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|byh|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|byh|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Bhujel, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhujel'') [[अ#Tiếng_Bhujel|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Bhujel|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Bhujel|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Bhujel|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Bhujel|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Bhujel|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Bhujel|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Bhujel|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Bhujel|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Bhujel|ङ]], [[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ङ्ह]], [[च#Tiếng_Bhujel|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Bhujel|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Bhujel|ज]], [[त#Tiếng_Bhujel|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Bhujel|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Bhujel|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Bhujel|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Bhujel|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Bhujel|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Bhujel|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Bhujel|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Bhujel|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|य्ह]], [[र#Tiếng_Bhujel|र]], [[ऱ्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ऱ्ह]], [[ल#Tiếng_Bhujel|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Bhujel|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|व्ह]], [[स#Tiếng_Bhujel|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Bhujel|ह]] =={{langname|aav-bhu}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ol Onal | [[𞗔#Tiếng_Bhumij|𞗔]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Bhumij|ଓ]] |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Bhumij|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|aav-bhu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|aav-bhu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Bhumij, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bhumij|list={{l-self|aav-bhu|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ष|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ह|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|aav-bhu|ढ़|tr=-}}}} =={{langname|bhu}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Bhunjia|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bhu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bhu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Bhunjia. #:{{quote|bhu|'''ओ'''खर माध्यम लग हमके सगलू सिधान्त आदेस के निता अनुगरह के चेला मिले हबै, कि '''ओ'''खर नाम के कारन सगलू मनसे बिस्वास करके '''ओ'''खर बात मानै।|tr='''O'''khar mādhyam lag hamke sagalū siddhānt ādes ke nitā anugrah ke celā mile habai, ki '''o'''khar nām ke kāran sagalū manase bisvās karke '''o'''khar bāt mānai.|nhờ Ngài chúng ta đã nhận-lãnh ân-điển và chức sứ-đồ, để đem mọi dân ngoại đến sự vâng-phục của đức-tin, vì danh Ngài, ([[s:Rô-ma/1#1:5|Rô-ma 1:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bhu|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/en-GB/bible/3712/ROM.1.BTP25|entry=रोमियो 1|work=Bhumiya Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|kfs}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Bilaspur|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfs|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfs|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Bilaspur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kfs|फेरी मैं तित्थी इक चिट्टे रंगा रा घोड़ा देख्या, कने तिसरे स्वारे धनुष लेईरा, कने तिस्सो इक मुकुट दित्या गया; कने सै इक विजेते साई निकल़या भई होर बी विजय पा'''ओ'''।|Tôi nhìn xem, thấy một con ngựa bạch. Người cỡi ngựa có một cái cung; có kẻ ban cho người một cái mão triều-thiên, và người đi như kẻ đã thắng lại đến đâu cũng thắng. ([[s:Khải huyền/6#6:2|Khải huyền 6:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bilaspur|list={{l-self|kfs|अ}}, {{l-self|kfs|आ}}, {{l-self|kfs|इ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ई}}, {{l-self|kfs|उ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ए}}, {{l-self|kfs|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ओ}}, {{l-self|kfs|औ}}, {{l-self|kfs|अँ}}, {{l-self|kfs|अं}}, {{l-self|kfs|क}}, {{l-self|kfs|ख}}, {{l-self|kfs|ग }}, {{l-self|kfs|घ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ङ}}, {{l-self|kfs|च}}, {{l-self|kfs|छ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ज}}, {{l-self|kfs|झ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ञ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ट}}, {{l-self|kfs|ठ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ड}}, {{l-self|kfs|ड़}}, {{l-self|kfs|ढ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ण}}, {{l-self|kfs|त}}, {{l-self|kfs|थ}}, {{l-self|kfs|द}}, {{l-self|kfs|ध}}, {{l-self|kfs|न}}, {{l-self|kfs|प}}, {{l-self|kfs|फ}}, {{l-self|kfs|ब}}, {{l-self|kfs|भ}}, {{l-self|kfs|म}}, {{l-self|kfs|य}}, {{l-self|kfs|र}}, {{l-self|kfs|ल}}, {{l-self|kfs|व}}, {{l-self|kfs|ल़}}, {{l-self|kfs|श}}, {{l-self|kfs|ष}}, {{l-self|kfs|स}}, {{l-self|kfs|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfs|author=The Love Fellowship|work=बिलासपुरी नौआं नियम|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 6|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2768/REV.6.KFSNT}} =={{langname|biy}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|biy|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|biy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Birhor, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|biy|[[ओड़ाः#Tiếng_Birhor|'''ओ'''ड़ाः]]|[[nhà]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Birhor|list={{l-self|biy|अ}}, {{l-self|biy|आ}}, {{l-self|biy|इ}}, {{l-self|biy|ई}}, {{l-self|biy|उ}}, {{l-self|biy|ऊ}}, {{l-self|biy|ए}}, {{l-self|biy|ऐ}}, {{l-self|biy|ओ}}, {{l-self|biy|औ}}, {{l-self|biy|क}}, {{l-self|biy|क्ष}}, {{l-self|biy|ख}}, {{l-self|biy|ग}}, {{l-self|biy|घ}}, {{l-self|biy|ङ}}, {{l-self|biy|च}}, {{l-self|biy|छ}}, {{l-self|biy|ज}}, {{l-self|biy|झ}}, {{l-self|biy|ञ}}, {{l-self|biy|ट}}, {{l-self|biy|ठ}}, {{l-self|biy|ड}}, {{l-self|biy|ड़}}, {{l-self|biy|ढ}}, {{l-self|biy|ण}}, {{l-self|biy|त}}, {{l-self|biy|थ}}, {{l-self|biy|द}}, {{l-self|biy|ध}}, {{l-self|biy|न}}, {{l-self|biy|प}}, {{l-self|biy|फ}}, {{l-self|biy|ब}}, {{l-self|biy|भ}}, {{l-self|biy|म}}, {{l-self|biy|य}}, {{l-self|biy|र}}, {{l-self|biy|ल}}, {{l-self|biy|ळ}}, {{l-self|biy|व}}, {{l-self|biy|श}}, {{l-self|biy|ष}}, {{l-self|biy|स}}, {{l-self|biy|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *[https://livingdictionaries.app/birhor/entries/list Từ điển tiếng Birhor] tại Living Dictionaries. =={{langname|brx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|brx|[ɯ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|brx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Bodo, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Bodo|list={{l-self|brx|अ}}, {{l-self|brx|आ}}, {{l-self|brx|इ}}, {{l-self|brx|ई}}, {{l-self|brx|उ}}, {{l-self|brx|ऊ}}, {{l-self|brx|ऋ}}, {{l-self|brx|ए}}, {{l-self|brx|ऐ}}, {{l-self|brx|ओ}}, {{l-self|brx|औ}}, {{l-self|brx|क}}, {{l-self|brx|ख}}, {{l-self|brx|ग}}, {{l-self|brx|घ}}, {{l-self|brx|ङ}}, {{l-self|brx|च}}, {{l-self|brx|छ}}, {{l-self|brx|ज}}, {{l-self|brx|ट}}, {{l-self|brx|ठ}}, {{l-self|brx|ड}}, {{l-self|brx|त}}, {{l-self|brx|थ}}, {{l-self|brx|द}}, {{l-self|brx|ध}}, {{l-self|brx|न}}, {{l-self|brx|प}}, {{l-self|brx|फ}}, {{l-self|brx|ब}}, {{l-self|brx|भ}}, {{l-self|brx|म}}, {{l-self|brx|य}}, {{l-self|brx|र}}, {{l-self|brx|ल}}, {{l-self|brx|व}}, {{l-self|brx|श}}, {{l-self|brx|स}}, {{l-self|brx|ह}}, {{l-self|brx|त्}}, {{l-self|brx|ड़}}, {{l-self|brx|ढ़}}, {{l-self|brx|क्ष}}}} =={{langname|bra}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bra|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bra|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Braj, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|bra|जि सबरी बात जा बजैह ते हैरइऐं कै, पिरभू के बे वचन जो परमेस्‍वर की '''ओ'''र ते बात बतायबे बारेन के द्वारा कहे गये हते, बे पूरे होंय।|Mọi việc đã xảy ra như vậy, để cho ứng-nghiệm lời Chúa đã dùng đấng tiên-tri mà phán rằng: ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/1#1:22|Ma-thi-ơ 1:22]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Braj|list={{l-self|bra|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ऋ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ढ़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ष|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|bra|ह|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|title=Braj Bhasha Dictionary|year=19xx|volume=1|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/BrajBhashaDictionary/Braj%20Bhasha%20Dictionary%20Part%201/page/n187|page=448}} *{{Chú thích web|bra|author=New Life Computer Institute|work=बृज भासा|year=2025|entry=मत्‍ती 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3797/MAT.1.BRAJ}} =={{langname|rab}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rab|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rab|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Camling, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Camling|list={{l-self|rab|अ}}, {{l-self|rab|आ}}, {{l-self|rab|इ}}, {{l-self|rab|ई}}, {{l-self|rab|उ}}, {{l-self|rab|ऊ}}, {{l-self|rab|ए}}, {{l-self|rab|ऐ}}, {{l-self|rab|ओ}}, {{l-self|rab|औ}}, {{l-self|rab|क}}, {{l-self|rab|ख}}, {{l-self|rab|ग}}, {{l-self|rab|घ}}, {{l-self|rab|ङ}}, {{l-self|rab|च}}, {{l-self|rab|छ}}, {{l-self|rab|ज}}, {{l-self|rab|झ}}, {{l-self|rab|ञ}}, {{l-self|rab|ट}}, {{l-self|rab|ठ}}, {{l-self|rab|ड}}, {{l-self|rab|ढ}}, {{l-self|rab|ण}}, {{l-self|rab|त}}, {{l-self|rab|थ}}, {{l-self|rab|द}}, {{l-self|rab|ध}}, {{l-self|rab|न}}, {{l-self|rab|प}}, {{l-self|rab|फ}}, {{l-self|rab|ब}}, {{l-self|rab|भ}}, {{l-self|rab|म}}, {{l-self|rab|य}}, {{l-self|rab|र}}, {{l-self|rab|ल}}, {{l-self|rab|व}}, {{l-self|rab|श}}, {{l-self|rab|ष}}, {{l-self|rab|स}}, {{l-self|rab|ह}}}} =={{langname|cdh}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Chamba|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cdh|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cdh|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Chamba, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|cdh|'''ओ''' असा रे परमेश्वर, “तुसी अराधना रे काबिल हिन। तुसा आदरमान रे काबिल हिन। तुसा ताकतवर हिन किजोकी तुसा ने सब किच्‍छ बणाया। ए तुसा री मर्जी थी इधेरे तांइ तुसा ने से सब किच्‍छ बणाया ते तिन्हेरे अवे वजूद है।”|Lạy Đức Chúa Trời là Chúa chúng tôi, Chúa đáng được vinh-hiển, tôn-quí và quyền-lực; vì Chúa đã dựng nên muôn vật, và ấy là vì ý-muốn Chúa mà muôn-vật mới có và đã được dựng nên. ([[s:Khải huyền/4#4:11|Khải huyền 4:11]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagar tiếng Chamba|list={{l-self|cdh|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|अँ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|अः|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ष|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ह|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ढ़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|cdh|ळ|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Julia Bischoffberger|title=The ASJP Database|year=2025|work=[https://asjp.clld.org/languages/CHAMBEALI Wordlist Chambeali]}} *{{Chú thích web|cdh|author=The Love Fellowship|work=चम्बयाली नौआ नियम|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशित वाक्य 4|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2968/REV.4.CDHNT}} =={{langname|chx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|chx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|chx|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Chantyal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Chantyal|list={{l-self|chx|अ}}, {{l-self|chx|आ}}, {{l-self|chx|इ}}, {{l-self|chx|ई}}, {{l-self|chx|उ}}, {{l-self|chx|ऊ}}, {{l-self|chx|ए}}, {{l-self|chx|एै}}, {{l-self|chx|ओ}}, {{l-self|chx|औ}}, {{l-self|chx|क}}, {{l-self|chx|ख}}, {{l-self|chx|ग}}, {{l-self|chx|घ}}, {{l-self|chx|ङ}}, {{l-self|chx|क्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ख्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|च}}, {{l-self|chx|छ}}, {{l-self|chx|ज}}, {{l-self|chx|झ}}, {{l-self|chx|ञ}}, {{l-self|chx|च्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ञ्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ट}}, {{l-self|chx|ठ}}, {{l-self|chx|ड}}, {{l-self|chx|ढ}}, {{l-self|chx|त}}, {{l-self|chx|थ}}, {{l-self|chx|द}}, {{l-self|chx|ध}}, {{l-self|chx|न}}, {{l-self|chx|त्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|थ्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|न्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|प}}, {{l-self|chx|फ}}, {{l-self|chx|ब}}, {{l-self|chx|भ}}, {{l-self|chx|म}}, {{l-self|chx|प्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|म्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|य}}, {{l-self|chx|र}}, {{l-self|chx|ल}}, {{l-self|chx|व}}, {{l-self|chx|ऱ्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ल्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|श}}, {{l-self|chx|स}}, {{l-self|chx|ह}}, {{l-self|chx|स्ह}}, {{l-self|chx|ह्य}}, {{l-self|chx|ह्व}}}} =={{langname|cdm}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cdm|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cdm|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Chepang, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|cdm|'''ओ'''घ|tr='''o'''gha|[[tuổi thọ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Chepang'') [[अ#Tiếng_Chepang|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Chepang|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Chepang|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Chepang|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Chepang|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Chepang|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Chepang|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Chepang|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Chepang|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Chepang|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Chepang|ङ]], [[ङ्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|ङ्‍ह]], [[च#Tiếng_Chepang|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Chepang|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Chepang|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Chepang|झ]], [[त#Tiếng_Chepang|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Chepang|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Chepang|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Chepang|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Chepang|न]], [[न्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|न्‍ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Chepang|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Chepang|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Chepang|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Chepang|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Chepang|म]], [[म्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|म्‍ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Chepang|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Chepang|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Chepang|ह्र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Chepang|ल]], [[ल्‍ह#Tiếng_Chepang|ल्‍ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Chepang|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Chepang|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Chepang|ह]], [[ड#Tiếng_Chepang|ड]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Ross Caughley|entry=ओ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/chepang/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?letter=%E0%A4%93&key=cdm|publisher=SIL International|year=2016|work=Chepang – Nepali – English Dictionary}} =={{langname|hne}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Chhattisgarh|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|hne|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hne|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Chhattisgarh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|hne|'''ओ'''बदयाह|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Chhattisgarh|list={{l-self|hne|अ}}, {{l-self|hne|आ}}, {{l-self|hne|इ}}, {{l-self|hne|ई}}, {{l-self|hne|उ}}, {{l-self|hne|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hne|ऋ}}, {{l-self|hne|ए}}, {{l-self|hne|ऐ}}, {{l-self|hne|ओ}}, {{l-self|hne|औ}}, {{l-self|hne|अं}}, {{l-self|hne|अः}}, {{l-self|hne|अँ}}, {{l-self|hne|क}}, {{l-self|hne|ख}}, {{l-self|hne|ग}}, {{l-self|hne|घ}}, {{l-self|hne|ङ}}, {{l-self|hne|च}}, {{l-self|hne|छ}}, {{l-self|hne|ज}}, {{l-self|hne|झ}}, {{l-self|hne|ञ}}, {{l-self|hne|ट}}, {{l-self|hne|ठ}}, {{l-self|hne|ड}}, {{l-self|hne|ढ}}, {{l-self|hne|ण}}, {{l-self|hne|त}}, {{l-self|hne|थ}}, {{l-self|hne|द}}, {{l-self|hne|ध}}, {{l-self|hne|न}}, {{l-self|hne|प}}, {{l-self|hne|फ}}, {{l-self|hne|ब}}, {{l-self|hne|भ}}, {{l-self|hne|म}}, {{l-self|hne|य}}, {{l-self|hne|र}}, {{l-self|hne|ल}}, {{l-self|hne|व}}, {{l-self|hne|श}}, {{l-self|hne|ष}}, {{l-self|hne|स}}, {{l-self|hne|ह}}, {{l-self|hne|क्ष}}, {{l-self|hne|त्र}}, {{l-self|hne|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|hne|श्र}}, {{l-self|hne|ड़}}, {{l-self|hne|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hne|author=Biblica, Inc.|work=पबितर बाईबल,समकालीन छत्तीसगढ़ी अनुवाद|year=2024|entry=ओबदयाह 1|entryurl=https://ebible.org/hne/OBA01.htm}} =={{langname|cih}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Chinal|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cih|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cih|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Chinal. #:{{ux|cih|'''ओ'''ठे|tr='''o'''ṭhe|ở [[đó]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|cdj}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Churah|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|cdj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|cdj|Chữ cái}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Churah. #:{{quote|cdj|ऐ सभ गलै पूरी भौ गियोरी अत्ति। आंउ अल्फा जां '''ओ'''मेगा शुरूवात जां अंत आ। जै कोई बि त्रिशणा आ, तेसनी मूं तैस पांणिरै कुंडा मझां मुफ्त मझ पांणी पींणुनि दींणु, जै पांणी अनन्त जीवन दींतु।|Xong rồi! Ta là An-pha và Ô-mê-ga, nghĩa là đầu-tiên và cuối-cùng. Kẻ nào khát, ta sẽ lấy nước suối sự sống mà ban cho nhưng-không. ([[s:Khải huyền/21#21:6|Khải huyền 21:6]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|cdj|author=Beyond Translation|work=चुराही नवाँ नियम|year=2020|entry=प्रकाशित वाक्य 21|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3250/REV.21.CDJNT}} =={{langname|dhw}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dhw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dhw|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Danuwar, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|dhw|'''ओ'''इले थुप्‍रे इस्‍राएलिसिका '''ओ'''कर्सिक आप्‍न पर्मेसोरभर घुमाइक आन्‍तो।|tr='''o'''ile thupre isrā'elīsikā '''o'''karsik āpna parmeśorabhar ghumāik ānto.|Người sẽ làm cho nhiều con trai Y-sơ-ra-ên trở lại cùng Chúa, là Đức Chúa Trời của họ; ([[s:Lu-ca/1#1:16|Lu-ca 1:16]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Danuwar|list={{l-self|dhw|अ}}, {{l-self|dhw|आ}}, {{l-self|dhw|इ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ई}}, {{l-self|dhw|उ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ऊ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ए}}, {{l-self|dhw|ऐ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ओ}}, {{l-self|dhw|औ}}, {{l-self|dhw|अँ}}, {{l-self|dhw|क}}, {{l-self|dhw|ख}}, {{l-self|dhw|ग}}, {{l-self|dhw|घ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ङ}}, {{l-self|dhw|च}}, {{l-self|dhw|छ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ज}}, {{l-self|dhw|झ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ञ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ट}}, {{l-self|dhw|ठ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ड}}, {{l-self|dhw|ढ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ण}}, {{l-self|dhw|त}}, {{l-self|dhw|थ}}, {{l-self|dhw|द}}, {{l-self|dhw|ध}}, {{l-self|dhw|न}}, {{l-self|dhw|प}}, {{l-self|dhw|फ}}, {{l-self|dhw|ब}}, {{l-self|dhw|भ}}, {{l-self|dhw|म}}, {{l-self|dhw|य}}, {{l-self|dhw|र}}, {{l-self|dhw|ल}}, {{l-self|dhw|व}}, {{l-self|dhw|श}}, {{l-self|dhw|ष}}, {{l-self|dhw|स}}, {{l-self|dhw|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dhw|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4355/LUK.1.DANU|entry=लुका 1|work=दनुवारि|year=2024}} =={{langname|dhn}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Dhanka|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dhn|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dhn|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Dhanka, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|dhn|जो मेहनत मानुस इनी धरती पर करे, '''ओ'''का सी हेको काय फायदु जड़े?|tr=jo mehanat mānus inī dharatī par kare, '''o'''kā sī heko kāy phāydu jaṛe?|Các việc lao-khổ loài người làm ra dưới mặt trời, thì được ích-lợi chi? ([[s:Truyền đạo/1#1:10|Truyền đạo 1:10]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhanka|list={{l-self|dhn|अ}}, {{l-self|dhn|आ}}, {{l-self|dhn|इ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ई}}, {{l-self|dhn|उ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ऊ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ए}}, {{l-self|dhn|ऐ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ओ}}, {{l-self|dhn|औ}}, {{l-self|dhn|अं}}, {{l-self|dhn|क}}, {{l-self|dhn|ख}}, {{l-self|dhn|ग}}, {{l-self|dhn|घ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ङ}}, {{l-self|dhn|च}}, {{l-self|dhn|ज}}, {{l-self|dhn|ट}}, {{l-self|dhn|ठ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ड}}, {{l-self|dhn|ढ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ण}}, {{l-self|dhn|त}}, {{l-self|dhn|थ}}, {{l-self|dhn|द}}, {{l-self|dhn|ध}}, {{l-self|dhn|न}}, {{l-self|dhn|प}}, {{l-self|dhn|फ}}, {{l-self|dhn|ब}}, {{l-self|dhn|भ}}, {{l-self|dhn|म}}, {{l-self|dhn|य}}, {{l-self|dhn|र}}, {{l-self|dhn|ल}}, {{l-self|dhn|ळ}}, {{l-self|dhn|व}}, {{l-self|dhn|श}}, {{l-self|dhn|स}}, {{l-self|dhn|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dhn|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4055/ECC.1.DII25|entry=सभोपदेशक 1|work=परमेश्वरन सत्य वचन, नवलो नियम|year=2020}} =={{langname|mki}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mki|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mki|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Dhatki, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhatki'') [[अ#Tiếng_Dhatki|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Dhatki|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Dhatki|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Dhatki|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Dhatki|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Dhatki|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Dhatki|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Dhatki|क]], [[क़#Tiếng_Dhatki|क़]], [[ख#Tiếng_Dhatki|ख]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ख़]], [[ग#Tiếng_Dhatki|ग]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ग़]], [[ॻ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॻ]], [[घ#Tiếng_Dhatki|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Dhatki|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Dhatki|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Dhatki|ज]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ज़]], [[ॼ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॼ]], [[झ#Tiếng_Dhatki|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Dhatki|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Dhatki|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ड़]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॾ]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ढ]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Dhatki|ढ़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Dhatki|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Dhatki|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Dhatki|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Dhatki|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Dhatki|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Dhatki|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Dhatki|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Dhatki|फ]], [[फ़#Tiếng_Dhatki|फ़]], [[ब#Tiếng_Dhatki|ब]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ॿ]], [[भ#Tiếng_Dhatki|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Dhatki|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Dhatki|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Dhatki|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Dhatki|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Dhatki|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Dhatki|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Dhatki|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Dhatki|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Dhatki|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Dhatki|ह]] =={{langname|dhi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dhi|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dhi|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Dhimal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|dhi|'''ओ'''अ्च्‍लोलि|tr='''o'''acclōli|[[nôn]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhimal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Dhimal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Dhimal|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Dhimal|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Dhimal|इ]], [[इः#Tiếng_Dhimal|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Dhimal|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Dhimal|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Dhimal|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Dhimal|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Dhimal|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Dhimal|अँ]], [[अ्#Tiếng_Dhimal|अ्]], [[क#Tiếng_Dhimal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Dhimal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Dhimal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Dhimal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Dhimal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Dhimal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Dhimal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Dhimal|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Dhimal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Dhimal|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Dhimal|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Dhimal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Dhimal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Dhimal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Dhimal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Dhimal|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Dhimal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Dhimal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Dhimal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Dhimal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Dhimal|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Dhimal|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|य्ह]], [[र#Tiếng_Dhimal|र]], [[ऱ्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|ऱ्ह]], [[ल#Tiếng_Dhimal|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Dhimal|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|व्ह]], [[स#Tiếng_Dhimal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Dhimal|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|work=Dhimal-Nepali-English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/dhimal/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=dhi&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2020|publisher=SIL International}} =={{langname|dv}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dv|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dv|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 11 trong tiếng Dhivehi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dhivehi|list={{l-self|dv|अ}}, {{l-self|dv|आ}}, {{l-self|dv|इ}}, {{l-self|dv|ई}}, {{l-self|dv|उ}}, {{l-self|dv|ऊ}}, {{l-self|dv|ए}}, {{l-self|dv|ऐ}}, {{l-self|dv|र्ए}}, {{l-self|dv|अ̌}}, {{l-self|dv|ओ}}, {{l-self|dv|औ}}, {{l-self|dv|अं}}, {{l-self|dv|अः}}, {{l-self|dv|अठ}}, {{l-self|dv|अथ̊}}, {{l-self|dv|अ̊}}, {{l-self|dv|अँ}}, {{l-self|dv|ऋ}}, {{l-self|dv|अ़}}, {{l-self|dv|क}}, {{l-self|dv|क़}}, {{l-self|dv|ख़}}, {{l-self|dv|ग}}, {{l-self|dv|ग़}}, {{l-self|dv|च}}, {{l-self|dv|च़}}, {{l-self|dv|ज}}, {{l-self|dv|ज़}}, {{l-self|dv|ञ}}, {{l-self|dv|ट}}, {{l-self|dv|ड}}, {{l-self|dv|ण}}, {{l-self|dv|त}}, {{l-self|dv|त़}}, {{l-self|dv|द}}, {{l-self|dv|द़}}, {{l-self|dv|न}}, {{l-self|dv|प}}, {{l-self|dv|फ़}}, {{l-self|dv|ब}}, {{l-self|dv|म}}, {{l-self|dv|य}}, {{l-self|dv|र}}, {{l-self|dv|ल}}, {{l-self|dv|ल़}}, {{l-self|dv|ळ}}, {{l-self|dv|व}}, {{l-self|dv|श}}, {{l-self|dv|श़}}, {{l-self|dv|ष}}, {{l-self|dv|स}}, {{l-self|dv|स़}}, {{l-self|dv|ह}}, {{l-self|dv|ह़}}}} =={{langname|dho}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dho|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dho|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Dhodia. =={{langname|doi}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Dogri|ઓ]] |- ! Dogri | [[𑠈#Tiếng_Dogri|𑠈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|doi|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|doi|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Dogri, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|doi|'''ओ'''ह्|[[nó]] (ở xa)|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dogri|list={{l-self|doi|अ}}, {{l-self|doi|आ}}, {{l-self|doi|इ}}, {{l-self|doi|ई}}, {{l-self|doi|उ}}, {{l-self|doi|ऊ}}, {{l-self|doi|ऋ}}, {{l-self|doi|ए}}, {{l-self|doi|ऐ}}, {{l-self|doi|ओ}}, {{l-self|doi|औ}}, {{l-self|doi|अं}}, {{l-self|doi|क}}, {{l-self|doi|ख}}, {{l-self|doi|ग}}, {{l-self|doi|घ}}, {{l-self|doi|ङ}}, {{l-self|doi|च}}, {{l-self|doi|छ}}, {{l-self|doi|ज}}, {{l-self|doi|झ}}, {{l-self|doi|ञ}}, {{l-self|doi|ट}}, {{l-self|doi|ठ}}, {{l-self|doi|ड}}, {{l-self|doi|ढ}}, {{l-self|doi|ण}}, {{l-self|doi|त}}, {{l-self|doi|थ}}, {{l-self|doi|द}}, {{l-self|doi|ध}}, {{l-self|doi|न}}, {{l-self|doi|प}}, {{l-self|doi|फ}}, {{l-self|doi|ब}}, {{l-self|doi|भ}}, {{l-self|doi|म}}, {{l-self|doi|य}}, {{l-self|doi|र}}, {{l-self|doi|ल}}, {{l-self|doi|व}}, {{l-self|doi|श}}, {{l-self|doi|ष}}, {{l-self|doi|स}}, {{l-self|doi|ह}}, {{l-self|doi|क्ष}}, {{l-self|doi|त्र}}, {{l-self|doi|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|doi|ज़}}, {{l-self|doi|थ़}}, {{l-self|doi|ड़}}, {{l-self|doi|ढ़}}, {{l-self|doi|फ़}}}} =={{langname|dgo}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Dogri_Hindi|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dgo|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dgo|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Dogri Hindi. #:{{quote|dgo|जेसदे कन '''ओं'''न '''ओ''' सुनी ले के आत्मा कलीसिया कन्ने के आखदा ऐ।|tr=jesde kan '''o'''ṁn '''o''' sunī le ke ātmā kalīsiyā kanne ke ākhadā ai.|Ai có tai, hãy nghe lời Đức Thánh-Linh phán cùng các Hội-thánh! ([[s:Khải huyền/3#3:6|Khải huyền 3:6]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dgo|author=The Love Fellowship|work=डोगरी नवां नियम|year=2026|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 3|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2958/REV.3.DOG}} =={{langname|dty}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dty|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dty|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Doteli, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|dty|पइ मइले बादलले घेर्या अर्खा बलबान स्वर्गदुतलाइ स्वर्ग बठेइ '''ओ'''ल्या धेक्या। तिनरा मुन्टाका वलतिर पलतिर इन्नाराइन थिइ रे तिनरो अनार सुर्य जसो चम्किलो थ्यो उनरा खुट्टा बल्लार्या आगाका खामा जसा थ्या।|Đoạn, tôi lại thấy một vị thiên-sứ khác sức mạnh lắm, ở từ trời xuống, có đám mây bao-bọc lấy. Trên đầu người có mống; mặt người giống như mặt trời và chơn như trụ lửa. ([[s:Khải huyền/10#10:1|Khải huyền 10:1]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Doteli'') [[अ#Tiếng_Doteli|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Doteli|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Doteli|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Doteli|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Doteli|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Doteli|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Doteli|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Doteli|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Doteli|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Doteli|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Doteli|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Doteli|अः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Doteli|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Doteli|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Doteli|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Doteli|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Doteli|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Doteli|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Doteli|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Doteli|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Doteli|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Doteli|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Doteli|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Doteli|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Doteli|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Doteli|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Doteli|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Doteli|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Doteli|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Doteli|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Doteli|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Doteli|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Doteli|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Doteli|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Doteli|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Doteli|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Doteli|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Doteli|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Doteli|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Doteli|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Doteli|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Doteli|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Doteli|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Doteli|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Doteli|स]], [[स#Tiếng_Doteli|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Doteli|ह]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Doteli|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Doteli|ढ़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|dty|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3503/REV.10.DTYNT|entry=प्रकाश 10|work=डोटेली नयाँ करार|year=2025}} =={{langname|dus}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|dus|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|dus|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Dumi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|dus|'''ओ'''छेप|tr='''o'''chēpa|[[giường]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Dumi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Dumi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Dumi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Dumi|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Dumi|उ]], [[उ़#Tiếng_Dumi|उ़]], [[ए#Tiếng_Dumi|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Dumi|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Dumi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Dumi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Dumi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Dumi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Dumi|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Dumi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Dumi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Dumi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Dumi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Dumi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Dumi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Dumi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Dumi|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Dumi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Dumi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Dumi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Dumi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Dumi|न]] ([[ऩ#Tiếng_Dumi|ऩ]]), [[प#Tiếng_Dumi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Dumi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Dumi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Dumi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Dumi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Dumi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Dumi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Dumi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Dumi|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Dumi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Dumi|ह]], [[ॽ#Tiếng_Dumi|ॽ]] ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|dus|Đại từ|tr=o}} #[[đó|Đó]] ==={{ĐM|pref}}=== {{head|dus|Tiền tố|tr=o}} #Đánh dấu ngôi thứ nhất. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Dr. Netra Mani Dumi Rai|work=Dumi – Nepali – English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/dumi/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=dus&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2016|publisher=SIL International}} =={{langname|pci}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pci|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pci|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Duruwa. #:{{ux|pci|'''ओ'''लेक|tr='''o'''lek|[[nhà]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=D. Selwyn Joseph & Selvi Michael|page=12|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/13/49/80/134980156912388403723813021095818766285/JLSR2021_034.pdf A Sociolinguistic Survey among the Dhurwa of Madhya Pradesh and Orissa]|year=2021|publisher=SIL International|location=Dallas, Texas}} =={{langname|gbk}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gbk|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gbk|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Gaddi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|gbk|पर मन्दरा रै बाहरा रा अँगणा छड़ी दे; तैति'''ओ''' मत नाप क्'''ओ'''कि सो मिन्जो पुर विस्वास ना करनै बाळै जो दितुरा हा, अतै तिन्या पवित्र नगर यरूशलेम जो बताळी महीनै तक रोंदणा।|Còn sân ngoài đền-thờ thì hãy để nó ra ngoài, đừng đo làm chi; vì chỗ đó đã phó cho dân ngoại, họ sẽ giày-đạp thành thánh đủ bốn mươi hai tháng. ([[s:Khải huyền/11#11:2|Khải huyền 11:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Gaddi|list={{l-self|gbk|अ}}, {{l-self|gbk|आ}}, {{l-self|gbk|इ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ई}}, {{l-self|gbk|उ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ए}}, {{l-self|gbk|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ओ}}, {{l-self|gbk|औ}}, {{l-self|gbk|अँ}}, {{l-self|gbk|अं}}, {{l-self|gbk|क}}, {{l-self|gbk|ख}}, {{l-self|gbk|ग }}, {{l-self|gbk|घ}}, {{l-self|gbk|च}}, {{l-self|gbk|छ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ज}}, {{l-self|gbk|झ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ट}}, {{l-self|gbk|ठ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ड}}, {{l-self|gbk|ड़}}, {{l-self|gbk|ढ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ण}}, {{l-self|gbk|त}}, {{l-self|gbk|थ}}, {{l-self|gbk|द}}, {{l-self|gbk|ध}}, {{l-self|gbk|न}}, {{l-self|gbk|प}}, {{l-self|gbk|फ}}, {{l-self|gbk|ब}}, {{l-self|gbk|भ}}, {{l-self|gbk|म}}, {{l-self|gbk|य}}, {{l-self|gbk|र}}, {{l-self|gbk|ल}}, {{l-self|gbk|व}}, {{l-self|gbk|ल़}}, {{l-self|gbk|श}}/{{l-self|gbk|स}}, {{l-self|gbk|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gbk|author=The Love Fellowship|work=गददी|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशित वाक्य 11|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2959/REV.11.GBKNT}} =={{langname|bfu}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Gahri|𑚈]] |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Gahri|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|bfu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bfu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Gahri. #:{{ux|bfu|'''ओ'''क|tr='''o'''k|[[đá cuội]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|gbl}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Gamit|ઓ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gbl|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gbl|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Gamit, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|gbl|हिब्रू'''ओ'''ने पत्र|tr=hibrū'''o'''ne patra|[[s:Hê-bơ-rơ|Hê-bơ-rơ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Gamit|list={{l-self|gbl|अ}}, {{l-self|gbl|आ}}, {{l-self|gbl|इ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ई}}, {{l-self|gbl|उ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ए}}, {{l-self|gbl|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ओ}}, {{l-self|gbl|औ}}, {{l-self|gbl|अं}}, {{l-self|gbl|क}}, {{l-self|gbl|ख}}, {{l-self|gbl|ग}}, {{l-self|gbl|घ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ङ}}, {{l-self|gbl|च}}, {{l-self|gbl|ज}}, {{l-self|gbl|ट}}, {{l-self|gbl|ठ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ड}}, {{l-self|gbl|ढ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ण}}, {{l-self|gbl|त}}, {{l-self|gbl|थ}}, {{l-self|gbl|द}}, {{l-self|gbl|ध}}, {{l-self|gbl|न}}, {{l-self|gbl|प}}, {{l-self|gbl|फ}}, {{l-self|gbl|ब}}, {{l-self|gbl|भ}}, {{l-self|gbl|म}}, {{l-self|gbl|य}}, {{l-self|gbl|र}}, {{l-self|gbl|ल}}, {{l-self|gbl|ळ}}, {{l-self|gbl|व}}, {{l-self|gbl|श}}, {{l-self|gbl|स}}, {{l-self|gbl|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gbl|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3504/HEB.1.GBLNT|entry=હિબ્રૂઓને પત્ર 1|work=ગામીત નોવો કરાર|year=2025}} =={{langname|gas}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Garasia_Adiwasi|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gas|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gas|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Garasia Adiwasi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|gas|गलाती'''ओ'''नेँ पत्र|tr=galātī'''o'''neṃ patra|[[s:Ga-la-ti|Ga-la-ti]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Garasia Adiwasi|list={{l-self|gas|अ}}, {{l-self|gas|आ}}, {{l-self|gas|इ}}, {{l-self|gas|ई}}, {{l-self|gas|उ}}, {{l-self|gas|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gas|ए}}, {{l-self|gas|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gas|ओ}}, {{l-self|gas|औ}}, {{l-self|gas|अं}}, {{l-self|gas|क}}, {{l-self|gas|ख}}, {{l-self|gas|ग}}, {{l-self|gas|घ}}, {{l-self|gas|ङ}}, {{l-self|gas|च}}, {{l-self|gas|ज}}, {{l-self|gas|ट}}, {{l-self|gas|ठ}}, {{l-self|gas|ड}}, {{l-self|gas|ढ}}, {{l-self|gas|ण}}, {{l-self|gas|त}}, {{l-self|gas|थ}}, {{l-self|gas|द}}, {{l-self|gas|ध}}, {{l-self|gas|न}}, {{l-self|gas|प}}, {{l-self|gas|फ}}, {{l-self|gas|ब}}, {{l-self|gas|भ}}, {{l-self|gas|म}}, {{l-self|gas|य}}, {{l-self|gas|र}}, {{l-self|gas|ल}}, {{l-self|gas|ळ}}, {{l-self|gas|व}}, {{l-self|gas|श}}, {{l-self|gas|स}}, {{l-self|gas|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gas|author=The Love Fellowship|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3442/GAL.1.GASNT|entry=ગલાતીઓનેં પત્ર 1|work=ગરાસિયા નવો કરાર|year=2024}} =={{langname|gra}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Garasia_Rajput|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gra|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gra|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Garasia Rajput, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Garasia Rajput|list={{l-self|gra|अ}}, {{l-self|gra|आ}}, {{l-self|gra|इ}}, {{l-self|gra|ई}}, {{l-self|gra|उ}}, {{l-self|gra|ऊ}}, {{l-self|gra|ए}}, {{l-self|gra|ऐ}}, {{l-self|gra|ओ}}, {{l-self|gra|औ}}, {{l-self|gra|अं}}, {{l-self|gra|क}}, {{l-self|gra|ख}}, {{l-self|gra|ग}}, {{l-self|gra|घ}}, {{l-self|gra|ङ}}, {{l-self|gra|च}}, {{l-self|gra|ज}}, {{l-self|gra|ट}}, {{l-self|gra|ठ}}, {{l-self|gra|ड}}, {{l-self|gra|ढ}}, {{l-self|gra|ण}}, {{l-self|gra|त}}, {{l-self|gra|थ}}, {{l-self|gra|द}}, {{l-self|gra|ध}}, {{l-self|gra|न}}, {{l-self|gra|प}}, {{l-self|gra|फ}}, {{l-self|gra|ब}}, {{l-self|gra|भ}}, {{l-self|gra|म}}, {{l-self|gra|य}}, {{l-self|gra|र}}, {{l-self|gra|ल}}, {{l-self|gra|ळ}}, {{l-self|gra|व}}, {{l-self|gra|श}}, {{l-self|gra|स}}, {{l-self|gra|ह}}}} =={{langname|gbm}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gbm|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gbm|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Garhwal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|gbm|अर यीशु का दगड़ा-दगड़ि दुई और डाकु'''ओं''' तैं भि क्रूस पर चड़ये गै, एक तैं वेकी दैंणी तरफा अर दुसरा तैं वेकी बैं तरफा।|Cũng lúc đó, họ đóng đinh hai tên trộm-cướp với Ngài, một tên ở cây thập-tự bên hữu, một tên ở cây thập-tự bên tả. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/27#27:38|Ma-thi-ơ 27:38]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Garhwal|list={{l-self|gbm|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|औ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अं|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अँ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अइ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|आइ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|अउ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|आउ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|इउ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|उइ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ख|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|घ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|छ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|झ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ञ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ठ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ढ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ण|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|थ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ध|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|फ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|भ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ळ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|श|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ह|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ड़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|gbm|ढ़|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gbm|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4037/MAT.27.GBM|entry=मत्ती 27|work=Garhwali|year=2025}} =={{langname|gon}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ఒ]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ଓ]] |- ! Gunjala | [[𑵪#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|𑵪]] |- ! Masara | [[𑴉#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|𑴉]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|gon|[o]|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|gon|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Gondi Aheri, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|gon|अस्‍के '''ओ'''र, “यहुदिया एरियाता बेतलहेम नाटेने,” इंचि वेहतुर.|tr=Aske '''o'''ra, “Yahudiyā eriyāta Betlahēm nāṭēne,” inchi vēhatūra.|Tâu rằng: Tại Bết-lê-hem, xứ Giu-đê; vì có lời của đấng tiên-tri chép như vầy: ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/2#2:5|Ma-thi-ơ 2:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Gondi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ऊ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ऋ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ढ]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ड़]], [[त#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|त्र]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|ज्ञ]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Gondi_Adilabad|श्र]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|gon|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=पवित्र पोल्‍ले|year=2022|entry=मत्‍तयाल 2|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3417/MAT.2.ESG-DEVA}} =={{langname|inc-ogu}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|inc-ogu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|inc-ogu|Chữ cái}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Gujarat cổ. =={{langname|hlb}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Halba|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|hlb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hlb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị phụ âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Halba. #:{{ux|hlb|'''ओ'''एकूक|[[ọe]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Halba|list={{l-self|hlb|अ}}, {{l-self|hlb|आ}}, {{l-self|hlb|इ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ई}}, {{l-self|hlb|उ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ए}}, {{l-self|hlb|ओ}}, {{l-self|hlb|औ}}, {{l-self|hlb|अं}}, {{l-self|hlb|क}}, {{l-self|hlb|ख}}, {{l-self|hlb|ग}}, {{l-self|hlb|घ}}, {{l-self|hlb|च}}, {{l-self|hlb|छ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ज}}, {{l-self|hlb|झ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ट}}, {{l-self|hlb|ठ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ड}}, {{l-self|hlb|ढ}}, {{l-self|hlb|त}}, {{l-self|hlb|थ}}, {{l-self|hlb|द}}, {{l-self|hlb|ध}}, {{l-self|hlb|न}}, {{l-self|hlb|प}}, {{l-self|hlb|फ}}, {{l-self|hlb|ब}}, {{l-self|hlb|भ}}, {{l-self|hlb|म}}, {{l-self|hlb|र}}, {{l-self|hlb|ल}}, {{l-self|hlb|स}}, {{l-self|hlb|ह}}, {{l-self|hlb|य}}, {{l-self|hlb|व}}, {{l-self|hlb|ड़}}, {{l-self|hlb|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|hlb|Đại từ|tr=o}} #[[nó|Nó]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Fran Woods|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/halbi/browse/browse-vernacular/?letter=%E0%A4%93&key=hlb|entry=ओ|work=Halbi – English Dictionary|publisher=SIL International|year=2019}} *{{Chú thích web|hlb|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3612/REV.1.HLBNT|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|work=Halbi|year=2024}} =={{langname|bgc}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bgc|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bgc|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Haryanvi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bgc|'''ओ'''ळा|[[bên]] [[trái]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Haryanvi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Haryanvi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Haryanvi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Haryanvi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Haryanvi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Haryanvi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Haryanvi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Haryanvi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Haryanvi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Haryanvi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Haryanvi|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Haryanvi|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Haryanvi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Haryanvi|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Haryanvi|त्र]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ज्ञ]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Haryanvi|श्र]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Haryanvi|ढ़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bgc|author=Beyond Translation|work=हरियाणवी|year=2025|entry=होशे 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2766/HOS.1.BGC}} =={{langname|hi}}== {{wikipedia|lang=hi}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Hindi|𑂋]] |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Hindi|𑐌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{hi-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hi|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Hindi. #:{{ux|hi|[[आओमोरी#Tiếng_Hindi|आ'''ओ'''मोरी]]|[[w:Aomori|Aomori]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Hindi|list={{l-self|hi|अ}}, {{l-self|hi|आ}}, {{l-self|hi|इ}}, {{l-self|hi|ई}}, {{l-self|hi|उ}}, {{l-self|hi|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hi|ऋ}}, {{l-self|hi|ए}}, {{l-self|hi|ऐ}}, {{l-self|hi|ओ}}, {{l-self|hi|औ}}, {{l-self|hi|अं}}, {{l-self|hi|अः}}, {{l-self|hi|अँ}}, {{l-self|hi|क}}, {{l-self|hi|ख}}, {{l-self|hi|ग}}, {{l-self|hi|घ}}, {{l-self|hi|ङ}}, {{l-self|hi|च}}, {{l-self|hi|छ}}, {{l-self|hi|ज}}, {{l-self|hi|झ}}, {{l-self|hi|ञ}}, {{l-self|hi|ट}}, {{l-self|hi|ठ}}, {{l-self|hi|ड}}, {{l-self|hi|ढ}}, {{l-self|hi|ण}}, {{l-self|hi|त}}, {{l-self|hi|थ}}, {{l-self|hi|द}}, {{l-self|hi|ध}}, {{l-self|hi|न}}, {{l-self|hi|प}}, {{l-self|hi|फ}}, {{l-self|hi|ब}}, {{l-self|hi|भ}}, {{l-self|hi|म}}, {{l-self|hi|य}}, {{l-self|hi|र}}, {{l-self|hi|ल}}, {{l-self|hi|व}}, {{l-self|hi|श}}, {{l-self|hi|ष}}, {{l-self|hi|स}}, {{l-self|hi|ह}}, {{l-self|hi|त्र}}, {{l-self|hi|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|hi|क्ष}}, {{l-self|hi|क़}}, {{l-self|hi|ख़}}, {{l-self|hi|ग़}}, {{l-self|hi|ज़}}, {{l-self|hi|झ़}}, {{l-self|hi|ड़}}, {{l-self|hi|ढ़}}, {{l-self|hi|फ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== {{bor+|hi|fa-cls|او|tr=ō}}. ===={{ĐM|pronoun}}==== {{head|hi|Đại từ}} #{{lb|hi|rare}} [[nó|Nó]], [[anh]] [[ta]], [[bà]] [[ấy]],... ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=R.C. Tiwari, R.S. Sharma & Krishna Vikal|title=[https://archive.org/details/hindienglishengl0000unse Hindi-English, English-Hindi dictionary]|year=1993|location=New York|publisher=Hippocrene Books|isbn=9780781800846}} =={{langname|hii}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Hinduri|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|hii|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hii|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Hinduri. =={{langname|hoc}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Warang Citi | [[𑢩#Tiếng_Ho|𑢩]] [[𑣉#Tiếng_Ho|𑣉]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Ho|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Ho|ଓ]] |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Ho|ఒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|hoc|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hoc|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Ho, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|hoc|'''ओ'''व|tr=[[𑢩𑣁𑣄#Tiếng_Ho|'''𑢩'''𑣁𑣄]]|[[nhà]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Ho|list={{l-self|hoc|अ}}, {{l-self|hoc|आ}}, {{l-self|hoc|इ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ई}}, {{l-self|hoc|उ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ऊ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ऋ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ए}}, {{l-self|hoc|ऐ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ओ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ओः}}, {{l-self|hoc|औ}}, {{l-self|hoc|अं}}, {{l-self|hoc|अः}}, {{l-self|hoc|अँ}}, {{l-self|hoc|क}}, {{l-self|hoc|ख}}, {{l-self|hoc|ग}}, {{l-self|hoc|घ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ङ}}, {{l-self|hoc|च}}, {{l-self|hoc|छ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ज}}, {{l-self|hoc|झ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ट}}, {{l-self|hoc|ठ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ड}}, {{l-self|hoc|ढ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ड़}}, {{l-self|hoc|त}}, {{l-self|hoc|थ}}, {{l-self|hoc|द}}, {{l-self|hoc|ध}}, {{l-self|hoc|न}}, {{l-self|hoc|प}}, {{l-self|hoc|फ}}, {{l-self|hoc|ब}}, {{l-self|hoc|भ}}, {{l-self|hoc|म}}, {{l-self|hoc|य}}, {{l-self|hoc|र}}, {{l-self|hoc|ल}}, {{l-self|hoc|व}}, {{l-self|hoc|श}}, {{l-self|hoc|स}}, {{l-self|hoc|ह}}}} =={{langname|hoy}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kannada | [[ಒ#Tiếng_Holiya|ಒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|hoy|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|hoy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Holiya. #:{{quote|hoy|इदुरसाटी घाई देल '''ओ'''ळावाळेरी '''ओ'''ळोद जागा सिकतीदील, अदिक सामर्थी इन सामर्थ्य येनु क्याल्सा कोळतीदील; अदिक ना पराक्रमी तान जीव ऊळ्स सक्यान;|tr=idurasaṭī ghāī dēla '''o'''ḷāvāḷēri '''o'''ḷōda jāgā sikatīdīla, adika samarthī ina sāmarthya yēnu kyālsā koḷatīdīla; adika nā parākramī tāna jīva ūḷsa sakyāna;|Người lẹ-làng sẽ không thể trốn được; người mạnh-mẽ sẽ không bổ sức cho mình nữa, và người bạo-dạn sẽ chẳng cứu được mạng-sống mình. ([[s:A-mốt/2#2:14|A-mốt 2:14]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hoy|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2782/AMO.2.HAA25|entry=आमोस 2|work=Holiya Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|anq}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|anq|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|anq|Chữ cái|tr=oo}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Jarawa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|anq|'''ओ'''ह|tr='''oo'''ha|[[hoa]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Jarawa|list={{l-self|anq|अ}}, {{l-self|anq|आ}}, {{l-self|anq|इ}}, {{l-self|anq|ई}}, {{l-self|anq|उ}}, {{l-self|anq|ऊ}}, {{l-self|anq|ऍ}}, {{l-self|anq|ए}}, {{l-self|anq|ॴ}}, {{l-self|anq|ओ}}, {{l-self|anq|अ̃}}, {{l-self|anq|अ॑}}, {{l-self|anq|आ॑}}, {{l-self|anq|ब}}, {{l-self|anq|च}}, {{l-self|anq|छ}}, {{l-self|anq|द}}, {{l-self|anq|ड}}, {{l-self|anq|फ}}, {{l-self|anq|ग}}, {{l-self|anq|ह}}, {{l-self|anq|हव}}, {{l-self|anq|ज}}, {{l-self|anq|क}}, {{l-self|anq|ख}}, {{l-self|anq|कव}}, {{l-self|anq|खव}}, {{l-self|anq|ल}}, {{l-self|anq|ळ}}, {{l-self|anq|म}}, {{l-self|anq|न॒}}, {{l-self|anq|ञ}}, {{l-self|anq|ङ}}, {{l-self|anq|र}}, {{l-self|anq|ऱ}}, {{l-self|anq|श}}, {{l-self|anq|त}}, {{l-self|anq|थ}}, {{l-self|anq|ट}}, {{l-self|anq|ठ}}, {{l-self|anq|व}}, {{l-self|anq|य}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=M R Ranganatha; V R Rajasingh|title=A Handbook of Jarawa Language|year=2000|publisher=Central Institute of Indian Languages|isbn=9788173420610|page=88|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/dli.language.1578/page/88}} =={{langname|jns}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|jns|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|jns|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Jaunsar, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|jns|'''ओ'''बाणौ|tr='''o'''bāṇau|[[chùi]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Jaunsar|list={{l-self|jns|अ}}, {{l-self|jns|आ}}, {{l-self|jns|इ}}, {{l-self|jns|ई}}, {{l-self|jns|उ}}, {{l-self|jns|ऊ}}, {{l-self|jns|ए}}, {{l-self|jns|ऐ}}, {{l-self|jns|ओ}}, {{l-self|jns|औ}}, {{l-self|jns|अं}}, {{l-self|jns|अः }}, {{l-self|jns|क}}, {{l-self|jns|ख}}, {{l-self|jns|ग}}, {{l-self|jns|घ}}, {{l-self|jns|गं}}, {{l-self|jns|च}}, {{l-self|jns|छ}}, {{l-self|jns|ज}}, {{l-self|jns|झ}}, {{l-self|jns|ट}}, {{l-self|jns|ठ}}, {{l-self|jns|ड}}, {{l-self|jns|ड़}}, {{l-self|jns|ढ}}, {{l-self|jns|ढ़}}, {{l-self|jns|ण}}, {{l-self|jns|त}}, {{l-self|jns|थ}}, {{l-self|jns|द}}, {{l-self|jns|ध}}, {{l-self|jns|न}}, {{l-self|jns|प}}, {{l-self|jns|फ}}, {{l-self|jns|ब}}, {{l-self|jns|भ}}, {{l-self|jns|म}}, {{l-self|jns|य}}, {{l-self|jns|र}}, {{l-self|jns|ल}}, {{l-self|jns|व}}, {{l-self|jns|स}}, {{l-self|jns|ह}}}} =={{langname|jul}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|jul|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|jul|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Jirel, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|jul|ओओ|tr=oo|[[sữa]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{letters|lang=jul|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Jirel|अ|आ|इ|ई|उ|ऊ|ऋ|ए|ऐ|ओ|औ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ञ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|श|स|ह}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Anita Maibaum & Esther Strahm|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/jirel/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?letter=%E0%A4%93&key=jul|entry=ओ|year=2019|publisher=SIL International®|work=Jirel-Nepali-English Dictionary}} *{{Chú thích web|jul|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3866/MAT.5.JUL|entry=मत्ती 5|work=जिरेल|year=1992}} =={{langname|xnr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|xnr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|xnr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kangra, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|xnr|'''ओ'''जे|[[mẹ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kangra'') [[अ#Tiếng_Kangra|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Kangra|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Kangra|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Kangra|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Kangra|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Kangra|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Kangra|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Kangra|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Kangra|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Kangra|औ]], [[आह़#Tiếng_Kangra|आह़]], [[इह़#Tiếng_Kangra|इह़]], [[उह़#Tiếng_Kangra|उह़]], [[एह़#Tiếng_Kangra|एह़]], [[ऐह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ऐह़]], [[ओह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ओह़]], [[औह़#Tiếng_Kangra|औह़]], [[अं#Tiếng_Kangra|अं]], [[क#Tiếng_Kangra|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Kangra|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Kangra|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Kangra|घ]], [[घ़#Tiếng_Kangra|घ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Kangra|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Kangra|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Kangra|ज]], [[ज्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ज्ह़]], [[झ#Tiếng_Kangra|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Kangra|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Kangra|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Kangra|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Kangra|ढ]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Kangra|ड़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Kangra|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Kangra|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Kangra|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Kangra|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Kangra|ध]], [[ध़#Tiếng_Kangra|ध़]], [[न#Tiếng_Kangra|न]], [[न्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|न्ह़]], [[प#Tiếng_Kangra|प]], [[प्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|प्ह़]], [[फ#Tiếng_Kangra|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Kangra|ब]], [[ब्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ब्ह़]], [[भ#Tiếng_Kangra|भ]], [[भ़#Tiếng_Kangra|भ़]], [[म#Tiếng_Kangra|म]], [[म्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|म्ह़]], [[य#Tiếng_Kangra|य]], [[य्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|य्ह़]], [[र#Tiếng_Kangra|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Kangra|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Kangra|ल़]], [[स#Tiếng_Kangra|स]], [[स्ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|स्ह़]], [[ह#Tiếng_Kangra|ह]], [[ह़#Tiếng_Kangra|ह़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|xnr|author=The Love Fellowship|work=काँगड़ी|year=2025|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2962/REV.1.XNR}} =={{langname|bjj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bjj|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bjj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Kannauj, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kannauj|list={{l-self|bjj|अ}}, {{l-self|bjj|आ}}, {{l-self|bjj|इ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ई}}, {{l-self|bjj|उ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ऊ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ऋ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ए}}, {{l-self|bjj|ऐ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ओ}}, {{l-self|bjj|औ}}, {{l-self|bjj|क}}, {{l-self|bjj|ख}}, {{l-self|bjj|ग}}, {{l-self|bjj|घ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ङ}}, {{l-self|bjj|च}}, {{l-self|bjj|छ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ज}}, {{l-self|bjj|झ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ञ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ट}}, {{l-self|bjj|ठ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ड}}, {{l-self|bjj|ढ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ण}}, {{l-self|bjj|त}}, {{l-self|bjj|थ}}, {{l-self|bjj|द}}, {{l-self|bjj|ध}}, {{l-self|bjj|न}}, {{l-self|bjj|प}}, {{l-self|bjj|फ}}, {{l-self|bjj|ब}}, {{l-self|bjj|भ}}, {{l-self|bjj|म}}, {{l-self|bjj|य}}, {{l-self|bjj|र}}, {{l-self|bjj|ल}}, {{l-self|bjj|व}}, {{l-self|bjj|श}}, {{l-self|bjj|ष}}, {{l-self|bjj|स}}, {{l-self|bjj|ह}}, {{l-self|bjj|क्ष}}, {{l-self|bjj|त्र}}, {{l-self|bjj|ज्ञ}}, {{l-self|bjj|श्र}}, {{l-self|bjj|ज़}}, {{l-self|bjj|ड़}}, {{l-self|bjj|ढ़}}, {{l-self|bjj|फ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Mathews John, Bezily P. Varghese|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/08/88/140888458996511652997295155804641103350/JLSR2021_012.pdf The Kannauji-speaking People of Uttar Pradesh: A Sociolinguistic Profile]|year=2021|publisher=SIL International|isbn=9788173420610|location=Dallas, Texas|series=Journal of Language Survey Reports 2021-012}} =={{langname|kyv}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kayort|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kyv|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kyv|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kayort, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kyv|जब ऊ विशाल अजगर महसुस कैल्कै कि '''ओ'''करा धर्तीमे फेकि देल गेलै छे ते, ऊ बेटा जनमाबेवाली जनानीके खेधाडल्कै।|tr=jab ū viśāl ajagar mahasūs kailkai ki '''o'''karā dhartīme pheki del gelai che te, ū beṭā janmābewālī janānīke khedhāḍalkai.|Khi rồng thấy mình bị quăng xuống đất, bèn đuổi theo người đờn-bà đã sanh con trai. ([[s:Khải huyền/12#12:13|Khải huyền 12:13]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kayort'') [[अ#Tiếng_Kayort|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Kayort|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Kayort|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Kayort|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Kayort|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Kayort|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Kayort|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Kayort|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Kayort|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Kayort|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Kayort|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Kayort|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Kayort|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Kayort|ङ़]] ([[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ङ्ह]]), [[च#Tiếng_Kayort|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Kayort|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Kayort|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Kayort|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Kayort|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Kayort|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Kayort|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Kayort|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Kayort|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Kayort|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Kayort|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Kayort|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Kayort|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऩ]] ([[न्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|न्ह]]), [[प#Tiếng_Kayort|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Kayort|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Kayort|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Kayort|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Kayort|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Kayort|म़]] ([[म्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|म्ह]]), [[य#Tiếng_Kayort|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Kayort|र]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Kayort|ऱ]] ([[ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ह]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Kayort|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Kayort|ल़]] ([[ल्ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ल्ह]]), [[व#Tiếng_Kayort|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Kayort|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Kayort|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Kayort|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Kayort|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kyv|author=Beyond Translation|work=केवट नया कारार|year=2025|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3514/REV.12.KYVNT|entry=प्रकाश 12}} =={{langname|klr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|klr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|klr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Khaling, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|klr|'''ओ'''क|tr='''o'''k|[[chúng ta]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Khaling|list={{l-self|klr|अ}}, {{l-self|klr|अ़}}, {{l-self|klr|आ}}, {{l-self|klr|इ}}, {{l-self|klr|उ}}, {{l-self|klr|उ़}}, {{l-self|klr|ऊ}}, {{l-self|klr|ए}}, {{l-self|klr|ओ}}, {{l-self|klr|ओ़}}, {{l-self|klr|अः}}, {{l-self|klr|क}}, {{l-self|klr|ख}}, {{l-self|klr|ग}}, {{l-self|klr|घ}}, {{l-self|klr|ङ}}, {{l-self|klr|च}}, {{l-self|klr|छ}}, {{l-self|klr|ज}}, {{l-self|klr|झ}}, {{l-self|klr|त}}, {{l-self|klr|थ}}, {{l-self|klr|द}}, {{l-self|klr|ध}}, {{l-self|klr|न}}, {{l-self|klr|प}}, {{l-self|klr|फ}}, {{l-self|klr|ब}}, {{l-self|klr|भ}}, {{l-self|klr|म}}, {{l-self|klr|य}}, {{l-self|klr|र}}, {{l-self|klr|ल}}, {{l-self|klr|व}}, {{l-self|klr|स}}, {{l-self|klr|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|conj}}=== {{head|klr|Liên từ|tr=o}} #Nằm cuối đánh dấu câu hỏi. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Ingrid Toba & Sueyoshi Toba|work=Khaling - Nepali - English Dictionary|year=2016|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/khaling/en/browse/browse-khaling/?key=klr-NP&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} *{{Chú thích web|klr|author=Ekta Books|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/klr/osa/bible/#/text Khaling Bible 1.10]|year=2011|entry=१ शमूएल 1}} =={{langname|kgj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kgj|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kgj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Gamale, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kgj|'''ओ'''सा|tr='''o'''sa|[[thuốc]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Gamale|list={{l-self|kgj|अ}}, {{l-self|kgj|आ}}, {{l-self|kgj|इ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ई}}, {{l-self|kgj|उ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ए}}, {{l-self|kgj|ओ}}, {{l-self|kgj|इ़}}, {{l-self|kgj|ए़}}, {{l-self|kgj|अः}}, {{l-self|kgj|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kgj|अँ}}, {{l-self|kgj|क}}, {{l-self|kgj|ख}}, {{l-self|kgj|ग}}, {{l-self|kgj|घ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ङ}}, {{l-self|kgj|च}}, {{l-self|kgj|छ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ज}}, {{l-self|kgj|ज़}}, {{l-self|kgj|झ}}, {{l-self|kgj|झ़}}, {{l-self|kgj|ट}}, {{l-self|kgj|ठ}}, {{l-self|kgj|त}}, {{l-self|kgj|थ}}, {{l-self|kgj|द}}, {{l-self|kgj|ध}}, {{l-self|kgj|न}}, {{l-self|kgj|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kgj|प}}, {{l-self|kgj|फ}}, {{l-self|kgj|ब}}, {{l-self|kgj|भ}}, {{l-self|kgj|म}}, {{l-self|kgj|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kgj|य}}, {{l-self|kgj|र}}, {{l-self|kgj|ल}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kgj|व}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kgj|व़}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kgj|श}}, {{l-self|kgj|ष}}, {{l-self|kgj|स}}, {{l-self|kgj|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Christopher P. Wilde|title=[https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/bb22e879-0e06-4b5c-865b-b0c3ab3ad748/content Gamale kham phonology revisited, with Devanagari-based orthography and lexicon]|year=2016|publisher=Payap Unversity|page=148}} *{{Chú thích web|kgj|author=Manna Harvest|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/kgj/osa/bible/#/text Gamal Kham Bible]|year=2019|entry=मटि १}} =={{langname|kif}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kif|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kif|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Parbate Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Parbate Đông|list={{l-self|kif|अ}}, {{l-self|kif|आ}}, {{l-self|kif|इ}}, {{l-self|kif|ई}}, {{l-self|kif|उ}}, {{l-self|kif|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kif|ए}}, {{l-self|kif|ओ}}, {{l-self|kif|इ़}}, {{l-self|kif|ए़}}, {{l-self|kif|अः}}, {{l-self|kif|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kif|अँ}}, {{l-self|kif|क}}, {{l-self|kif|ख}}, {{l-self|kif|ग}}, {{l-self|kif|घ}}, {{l-self|kif|ङ}}, {{l-self|kif|च}}, {{l-self|kif|छ}}, {{l-self|kif|ज}}, {{l-self|kif|ज़}}, {{l-self|kif|झ}}, {{l-self|kif|झ़}}, {{l-self|kif|ट}}, {{l-self|kif|ठ}}, {{l-self|kif|त}}, {{l-self|kif|थ}}, {{l-self|kif|द}}, {{l-self|kif|ध}}, {{l-self|kif|न}}, {{l-self|kif|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kif|प}}, {{l-self|kif|फ}}, {{l-self|kif|ब}}, {{l-self|kif|भ}}, {{l-self|kif|म}}, {{l-self|kif|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kif|य}}, {{l-self|kif|र}}, {{l-self|kif|ल}}, {{l-self|kif|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kif|व}}, {{l-self|kif|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kif|व़}}, {{l-self|kif|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kif|श}}, {{l-self|kif|ष}}, {{l-self|kif|स}}, {{l-self|kif|ह}}}} =={{langname|kjl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kjl|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kjl|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Parbate Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kjl|'''ओ'''साचीर|tr='''o'''sācīra|[[s:Công vụ các Sứ đồ|Công vụ các Sứ đồ]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Parbate Tây|list={{l-self|kjl|अ}}, {{l-self|kjl|आ}}, {{l-self|kjl|इ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ई}}, {{l-self|kjl|उ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ए}}, {{l-self|kjl|ओ}}, {{l-self|kjl|इ़}}, {{l-self|kjl|ए़}}, {{l-self|kjl|अः}}, {{l-self|kjl|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kjl|अँ}}, {{l-self|kjl|क}}, {{l-self|kjl|ख}}, {{l-self|kjl|ग}}, {{l-self|kjl|घ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ङ}}, {{l-self|kjl|च}}, {{l-self|kjl|छ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ज}}, {{l-self|kjl|ज़}}, {{l-self|kjl|झ}}, {{l-self|kjl|झ़}}, {{l-self|kjl|ट}}, {{l-self|kjl|ठ}}, {{l-self|kjl|त}}, {{l-self|kjl|थ}}, {{l-self|kjl|द}}, {{l-self|kjl|ध}}, {{l-self|kjl|न}}, {{l-self|kjl|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kjl|प}}, {{l-self|kjl|फ}}, {{l-self|kjl|ब}}, {{l-self|kjl|भ}}, {{l-self|kjl|म}}, {{l-self|kjl|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kjl|य}}, {{l-self|kjl|र}}, {{l-self|kjl|ल}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kjl|व}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kjl|व़}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kjl|श}}, {{l-self|kjl|ष}}, {{l-self|kjl|स}}, {{l-self|kjl|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=David E. Watters|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/87/99/38/87993827156821364547273905654085575544/Kham_dictionary.pdf A dictionary of Kham: Taka dialect (a Tibeto-Burman language of Nepal)]|publisher=SIL International|year=2004|location=Nepal}} *{{Chú thích web|kjl|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2495/ACT.1.NKHAM|entry=ओसाचीर 1|work=साःरो बाचा|year=2015}} =={{langname|kip}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kip|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kip|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Kham Sheshi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kip|जोले ङा मिनङन तोलोअ ऐटाइन्या लुलजन ग्रहन ढोव, '''ओ'''ले ङाजन ग्रहन ढाङवा।|tr=jole ṅā minaṅana toloa aiṭāinyā lulajana grahana ḍhova, '''o'''le ṅājana grahana ḍhāṅavā.|Hễ ai vì danh ta chịu tiếp một đứa trẻ thể nầy, tức là chịu tiếp ta. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/18#18:5|Ma-thi-ơ 18:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kham Sheshi|list={{l-self|kip|अ}}, {{l-self|kip|आ}}, {{l-self|kip|इ}}, {{l-self|kip|ई}}, {{l-self|kip|उ}}, {{l-self|kip|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kip|ए}}, {{l-self|kip|ओ}}, {{l-self|kip|इ़}}, {{l-self|kip|ए़}}, {{l-self|kip|अः}}, {{l-self|kip|अॱ}}, {{l-self|kip|अँ}}, {{l-self|kip|क}}, {{l-self|kip|ख}}, {{l-self|kip|ग}}, {{l-self|kip|घ}}, {{l-self|kip|ङ}}, {{l-self|kip|च}}, {{l-self|kip|छ}}, {{l-self|kip|ज}}, {{l-self|kip|ज़}}, {{l-self|kip|झ}}, {{l-self|kip|झ़}}, {{l-self|kip|ट}}, {{l-self|kip|ठ}}, {{l-self|kip|त}}, {{l-self|kip|थ}}, {{l-self|kip|द}}, {{l-self|kip|ध}}, {{l-self|kip|न}}, {{l-self|kip|न्ह}}, {{l-self|kip|प}}, {{l-self|kip|फ}}, {{l-self|kip|ब}}, {{l-self|kip|भ}}, {{l-self|kip|म}}, {{l-self|kip|म्ह}}, {{l-self|kip|य}}, {{l-self|kip|र}}, {{l-self|kip|ल}}, {{l-self|kip|ह्ल}}, {{l-self|kip|व}}, {{l-self|kip|ह्व}}, {{l-self|kip|व़}}, {{l-self|kip|ह्व़}}, {{l-self|kip|श}}, {{l-self|kip|ष}}, {{l-self|kip|स}}, {{l-self|kip|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kip|author=The Word for the World South Asia|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4468/MAT.18.NTSKM25|entry=मत्ती 18|work=छार बाचाला नियाम|year=2025}} =={{langname|khr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Kharia|ଓ]] |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kharia|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|khr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|khr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong bảng chữ cái Devanagari tiếng Kharia. #:{{ux|khr|[[ओसेल#Tiếng_Kharia|'''ओ'''सेल]]|tr='''o'''sel|[[trắng]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kharia|list={{l-self|khr|अ}}, {{l-self|khr|आ}}, {{l-self|khr|इ}}, {{l-self|khr|ई}}, {{l-self|khr|उ}}, {{l-self|khr|ऊ}}, {{l-self|khr|ए}}, {{l-self|khr|ऐ}}, {{l-self|khr|ओ}}, {{l-self|khr|औ}}, {{l-self|khr|क}}, {{l-self|khr|ख}}, {{l-self|khr|ग}}, {{l-self|khr|घ}}, {{l-self|khr|ङ}}, {{l-self|khr|च}}, {{l-self|khr|छ}}, {{l-self|khr|ज}}, {{l-self|khr|झ}}, {{l-self|khr|ञ}}, {{l-self|khr|ट}}, {{l-self|khr|ठ}}, {{l-self|khr|ड}}, {{l-self|khr|ढ}}, {{l-self|khr|ण}}, {{l-self|khr|त}}, {{l-self|khr|थ}}, {{l-self|khr|द}}, {{l-self|khr|ध}}, {{l-self|khr|न}}, {{l-self|khr|प}}, {{l-self|khr|फ}}, {{l-self|khr|ब}}, {{l-self|khr|भ}}, {{l-self|khr|म}}, {{l-self|khr|य}}, {{l-self|khr|र}}, {{l-self|khr|ल}}, {{l-self|khr|श}}, {{l-self|khr|ष}}, {{l-self|khr|स}}, {{l-self|khr|ह}}, {{l-self|khr|ड़}}, {{l-self|khr|ढ़}}}} =={{langname|kjo}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kjo|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kjo|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Kinnaur Harija. #:{{quote|kjo|तुमोरिह तेनोर रोह गान मिफरे'''ओ''', किज़ु बोल्ताह तुमोर रोह बुआ मागनोह काह आऊखाए ज़ान्दोस, किह तुमोर लाह कियाह च़ाँनोस।|tr=tumorih tenor roh gān mifare'''o''', kizu boltāh tumor roh buā māgnoh kāh āukhāe zāndos, kih tumor lāh kiyāh cā̃nos.|Vậy, các ngươi đừng như họ; vì Cha các ngươi biết các ngươi cần sự gì trước khi chưa xin Ngài. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/6#6:8|Ma-thi-ơ 6:8]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kjo|author=New Life Computer Institute |entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/KJONLC/MAT/6|entry=मत्‍तीयेह चेमाउन सुसमाचार 6|work=Kinauri, Paharia|year=2022}} =={{langname|kfb}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Kolami|ఒ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 13 trong tiếng Kolami, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kfb|'''ओ'''क्कोद्|tr='''o'''kkod|[[một]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{letters|lang=kfb|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kolami|अ|आ|इ|ई|उ|ऊ|ऋ|ॠ|ऌ|ॡ|ए|ऐ|ओ|औ|क|ख|ग|घ|ङ|च|छ|ज|झ|ञ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|ण|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|व|श|ष|स|ह|ळ}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfb|author=Malcolm and Uma Johnson|work=Bible.is|year=2005|entry=मात्ताक लेय्‍पुळ ओव्‍वोल गोट्टी 1|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/KFBNTA/MAT/1}} =={{langname|kok}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kannada | [[ಒ#Tiếng_Konkan|ಒ]] |- ! Malayalam | [[ഒ#Tiếng_Konkan|ഒ]] |- ! Ả Rập | [[او#Tiếng_Konkan|او]] |- ! Latinh | [[O#Tiếng_Konkan|O]] [[o#Tiếng_Konkan|o]] |- ! Brahmi | [[𑀑#Tiếng_Konkan|𑀑]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kok|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kok|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Konkan, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kok|'''ओ'''नु|[[năm]] [[nay]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Konkan|list={{l-self|kok|अ}}, {{l-self|kok|आ}}, {{l-self|kok|इ}}, {{l-self|kok|ई}}, {{l-self|kok|उ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kok|ॠ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऌ}}, {{l-self|kok|ए}}, {{l-self|kok|ॲ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kok|ओ}}, {{l-self|kok|ऑ}}, {{l-self|kok|औ}}, {{l-self|kok|अं }}, {{l-self|kok|अः}}, {{l-self|kok|क}}, {{l-self|kok|ख}}, {{l-self|kok|ग}}, {{l-self|kok|घ}}, {{l-self|kok|ङ}}, {{l-self|kok|च}}, {{l-self|kok|छ}}, {{l-self|kok|ज}}, {{l-self|kok|झ}}, {{l-self|kok|ञ}}, {{l-self|kok|ट}}, {{l-self|kok|ठ}}, {{l-self|kok|ड}}, {{l-self|kok|ढ}}, {{l-self|kok|ण}}, {{l-self|kok|त}}, {{l-self|kok|थ}}, {{l-self|kok|द}}, {{l-self|kok|ध}}, {{l-self|kok|न}}, {{l-self|kok|प}}, {{l-self|kok|फ}}, {{l-self|kok|ब}}, {{l-self|kok|भ}}, {{l-self|kok|म}}, {{l-self|kok|य}}, {{l-self|kok|र}}, {{l-self|kok|ऱ}}, {{l-self|kok|ल}}, {{l-self|kok|व}}, {{l-self|kok|ष}}, {{l-self|kok|श}}, {{l-self|kok|स}}, {{l-self|kok|ह}}, {{l-self|kok|ळ}}, {{l-self|kok|क्ष}}, {{l-self|kok|ज्ञ}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Angelus Francis Xavier Maffei|title=Konkani-English Dictionary|year=1990|page=16|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/konkanienglishdi0000ange/page/16|location=New Delhi - Madras|publisher=Asian Educational Services}} =={{langname|kfq}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfq|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfq|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Korku, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Korku|list={{l-self|kfq|अ}}, {{l-self|kfq|आ}}, {{l-self|kfq|इ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ई}}, {{l-self|kfq|उ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ए}}, {{l-self|kfq|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ओ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ऑ}}, {{l-self|kfq|अं}}, {{l-self|kfq|अः}}, {{l-self|kfq|अँ}}, {{l-self|kfq|क}}, {{l-self|kfq|ख}}, {{l-self|kfq|ग}}, {{l-self|kfq|घ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ङ}}, {{l-self|kfq|च}}, {{l-self|kfq|छ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ज}}, {{l-self|kfq|झ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ञ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ट}}, {{l-self|kfq|ठ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ड}}, {{l-self|kfq|ढ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ण}}, {{l-self|kfq|त}}, {{l-self|kfq|थ}}, {{l-self|kfq|द}}, {{l-self|kfq|ध}}, {{l-self|kfq|न}}, {{l-self|kfq|प}}, {{l-self|kfq|फ}}, {{l-self|kfq|ब}}, {{l-self|kfq|भ}}, {{l-self|kfq|म}}, {{l-self|kfq|य}}, {{l-self|kfq|र}}, {{l-self|kfq|ल}}, {{l-self|kfq|श}}, {{l-self|kfq|स}}, {{l-self|kfq|ह}}, {{l-self|kfq|ड़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Wichmann, Søren & Brown, Cecil H. & Holman, Eric W.|title=The ASJP Database|year=2024|work=[https://asjp.clld.org/languages/KORKU Wordlist Korku]}} =={{langname|kff}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Koya|ఒ]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Koya|ଓ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kff|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kff|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Koya. #:{{quote|kff|जिसु अड़्‌किंग्क् मिका कार्‌ंग्‌तण्ड् मेण्डे अड़्‌ सांगे सांगे '''ओ'''डे नु ताम्‌ बाबांक् विड़्‌सि जिसुन् तड़्‌ आत्‌तड़्।|tr=Jisu aḍ‌kiṅkṅk mika kār‌ṅ‌taṇḍ meṇḍe aḍ‌ sāṅge sāṅge '''o'''ḍe nu tām‌ bābāṅk‌ viḍ‌si Jisun‌ taḍ‌ āt‌taḍ‌.|Tức thì hai người đó bỏ thuyền và cha mình mà theo Ngài. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/4#4:22|Ma-thi-ơ 4:22]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kff|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2785/MAT.4.KAA25|entry=ମାତିଉ 4|work=Koya Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|kyw}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kudmal|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Kudmal|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kyw|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kyw|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Kudmal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kudmal|list={{l-self|kyw|अ}}, {{l-self|kyw|आ}}, {{l-self|kyw|इ}}, {{l-self|kyw|उ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ए}}, {{l-self|kyw|ओ}}, {{l-self|kyw|क}}, {{l-self|kyw|ख}}, {{l-self|kyw|ग}}, {{l-self|kyw|घ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ङ}}, {{l-self|kyw|च}}, {{l-self|kyw|छ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ज}}, {{l-self|kyw|झ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ञ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ट}}, {{l-self|kyw|ठ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ड}}, {{l-self|kyw|ढ}}, {{l-self|kyw|त}}, {{l-self|kyw|थ}}, {{l-self|kyw|द}}, {{l-self|kyw|ध}}, {{l-self|kyw|न}}, {{l-self|kyw|प}}, {{l-self|kyw|फ}}, {{l-self|kyw|ब}}, {{l-self|kyw|भ}}, {{l-self|kyw|म}}, {{l-self|kyw|य}}, {{l-self|kyw|र}}, {{l-self|kyw|ल}}, {{l-self|kyw|स}}, {{l-self|kyw|ह}}, {{l-self|kyw|ड़}}, {{l-self|kyw|ढ़}}}} =={{langname|kex}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Kukna|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kex|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kex|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kukna, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kukna|list={{l-self|kex|अ}}, {{l-self|kex|आ}}, {{l-self|kex|इ}}, {{l-self|kex|ई}}, {{l-self|kex|उ}}, {{l-self|kex|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kex|ए}}, {{l-self|kex|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kex|ओ}}, {{l-self|kex|औ}}, {{l-self|kex|अं}}, {{l-self|kex|क}}, {{l-self|kex|ख}}, {{l-self|kex|ग}}, {{l-self|kex|घ}}, {{l-self|kex|ङ}}, {{l-self|kex|च}}, {{l-self|kex|ज}}, {{l-self|kex|ट}}, {{l-self|kex|ठ}}, {{l-self|kex|ड}}, {{l-self|kex|ढ}}, {{l-self|kex|ण}}, {{l-self|kex|त}}, {{l-self|kex|थ}}, {{l-self|kex|द}}, {{l-self|kex|ध}}, {{l-self|kex|न}}, {{l-self|kex|प}}, {{l-self|kex|फ}}, {{l-self|kex|ब}}, {{l-self|kex|भ}}, {{l-self|kex|म}}, {{l-self|kex|य}}, {{l-self|kex|र}}, {{l-self|kex|ल}}, {{l-self|kex|ळ}}, {{l-self|kex|व}}, {{l-self|kex|श}}, {{l-self|kex|स}}, {{l-self|kex|ह}}}} =={{langname|kfx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Kullu, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|kfx|हे भाईयो, जेबा हाऊं तमा सेटा परमेश्वरा रे भेदा शुणाउदअ आऊ'''ओ''', तेबा शब्द होर ज्ञाना री गला संघे नांई आ'''ओ'''।|Hỡi anh em, về phần tôi, khi tôi đến cùng anh em, chẳng dùng lời cao-xa hay là khôn-sáng mà rao-giảng cho anh em biết chứng-cớ của Đức Chúa Trời. ([[s:I Cô-rinh-tô/2#2:1|I Cô-rinh-tô 2:1]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kullu|list={{l-self|kfx|अ}}, {{l-self|kfx|आ}}, {{l-self|kfx|इ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ई}}, {{l-self|kfx|उ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ऊ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ए}}, {{l-self|kfx|ऐ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ओ}}, {{l-self|kfx|औ}}, {{l-self|kfx|अं}}, {{l-self|kfx|अँ}}, {{l-self|kfx|क}}, {{l-self|kfx|ख}}, {{l-self|kfx|ग}}, {{l-self|kfx|घ}}, {{l-self|kfx|गं}}, {{l-self|kfx|च}}, {{l-self|kfx|छ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ज}}, {{l-self|kfx|झ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ञ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ट}}, {{l-self|kfx|ठ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ड}}, {{l-self|kfx|ढ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ण}}, {{l-self|kfx|त}}, {{l-self|kfx|थ}}, {{l-self|kfx|द}}, {{l-self|kfx|ध}}, {{l-self|kfx|न}}, {{l-self|kfx|प}}, {{l-self|kfx|फ}}, {{l-self|kfx|ब}}, {{l-self|kfx|भ}}, {{l-self|kfx|म}}, {{l-self|kfx|य}}, {{l-self|kfx|र}}, {{l-self|kfx|ल}}, {{l-self|kfx|ळ}}, {{l-self|kfx|व}}, {{l-self|kfx|श}}, {{l-self|kfx|ष}}, {{l-self|kfx|स}}, {{l-self|kfx|ह}}, {{l-self|kfx|ड़}}, {{l-self|kfx|च़}}, {{l-self|kfx|छ़}}, {{l-self|kfx|ज़}}, {{l-self|kfx|त्र}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|title=[https://pahari-languages.ru/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Kullui-Eng-Rus-Dictionary-July2023.pdf Kullui-English-Russian Dictionary]|year=2023|publisher=Pahari languages|page=24}} *{{Chú thích web|kfx|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3531/1CO.2.ISJNT|entry=1 कुरिन्थियों 2|work=ईनर सराजी मे नया नियम|year=2025}} =={{langname|kfy}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Kumaon|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kfy|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kfy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Kumaon. #:{{quote|kfy|और उई बाट भटे एक नौ जवान अपून नंगा आंग में चादर '''ओ'''ड़ भेरन यीशु का पछिल ग्योछ। और लोगून ले ऊस यीशु शिष्य समझभेरन पकड़ू मस्यान|tr=aur uī bāṭ bhaṭe ek nau javāna apūna naṅgā āṅga meṃ cādara '''o'''ṛa bherana Yīśu kā pachila gyōcha. aura logūna le ūsa Yīśu śiṣya samajhabherana pakaṛū masyāna.|Có một người trẻ tuổi kia theo Ngài, chỉ có cái khăn bằng gai trùm mình; chúng bắt người. ([[s:Mác/14#14:51|Mác 14:51]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfy|author=Beyond Translation|work=सोरियाली नय्या नियम|year=2020|entry=मरकुस 14|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3246/MRK.14.SORNT}} =={{langname|kru}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Kurukh|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kru|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kru|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Kurukh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kru|'''ओ'''कना|[[ngồi]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Kurukh'') [[अ#Tiếng_Kurukh|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Kurukh|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Kurukh|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Kurukh|उ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ऋ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Kurukh|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ओ]], [[आ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|आ़]], [[ओ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ओ़]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ॲ]], [[क#Tiếng_Kurukh|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Kurukh|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Kurukh|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Kurukh|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Kurukh|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Kurukh|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Kurukh|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Kurukh|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ञ]], [[ञ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ञ़]], [[ट#Tiếng_Kurukh|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Kurukh|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Kurukh|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Kurukh|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Kurukh|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Kurukh|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Kurukh|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Kurukh|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Kurukh|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Kurukh|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Kurukh|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Kurukh|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Kurukh|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Kurukh|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Kurukh|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Kurukh|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Kurukh|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Kurukh|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Kurukh|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Kurukh|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Kurukh|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Kurukh|ह]], [[क़#Tiếng_Kurukh|क़]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ख़]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ग़]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ज़]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|ढ़]], [[फ़#Tiếng_Kurukh|फ़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Kurukh|व़]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Kurukh|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Kurukh|त्र]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Kurukh|श्र]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Toby Anderson|work=Kurux-Hindi Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/kurux/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=kru&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2019|publisher=SIL International}} *{{Chú thích web|kru|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=कुड़ुख़|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/en-GB/bible/4366/LUK.5.KRUX|entry=लुकस 5|year=2024}} =={{langname|lmn}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Telugu | [[ఓ#Tiếng_Lambadi|ఓ]] |- ! Kannada | [[ಓ#Tiếng_Lambadi|ಓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|lmn|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|lmn|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Lambadi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|lmn|अब्राम ऊंदो पडन नमस्कार कर्रोजना देव् '''ओ'''ति वातें करन्, हन्नु को।|tr=abrām ūndo paḍana namaskāra karrojana dēv '''o'''ti vāte karan, hannu kō.|Áp-ram bèn sấp mình xuống đất; Đức Chúa Trời phán cùng người rằng: ([[s:Sáng thế Ký/17#17:3|Sáng thế Ký 17:3]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Lambadi|list={{l-self|lmn|अ}}, {{l-self|lmn|आ}}, {{l-self|lmn|इ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ई}}, {{l-self|lmn|उ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ऊ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ऎ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ए}}, {{l-self|lmn|ऒ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ओ}}, {{l-self|lmn|अं}}, {{l-self|lmn|क}}, {{l-self|lmn|ख}}, {{l-self|lmn|ग}}, {{l-self|lmn|घ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ङ}}, {{l-self|lmn|च}}, {{l-self|lmn|छ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ज}}, {{l-self|lmn|झ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ञ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ट}}, {{l-self|lmn|ठ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ड}}, {{l-self|lmn|ढ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ण}}, {{l-self|lmn|त}}, {{l-self|lmn|थ}}, {{l-self|lmn|द}}, {{l-self|lmn|ध}}, {{l-self|lmn|न}}, {{l-self|lmn|प}}, {{l-self|lmn|फ}}, {{l-self|lmn|ब}}, {{l-self|lmn|भ}}, {{l-self|lmn|म}}, {{l-self|lmn|य}}, {{l-self|lmn|र}}, {{l-self|lmn|ल}}, {{l-self|lmn|व}}, {{l-self|lmn|श}}, {{l-self|lmn|ष}}, {{l-self|lmn|स}}, {{l-self|lmn|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|kfx|author=Bible Society of India|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4580/GEN.17.LAMBADI|entry=genesis 17|work=పవిత్తర్ బైబిల్ (బంజారా/లంబాడి/గోర్బోలి)|year=2025}} =={{langname|lhm}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|lhm|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|lhm|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Lhomi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|lhm|'''ओ'''क्‍केन्|tr='''o'''kken|[[đào]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Lhomi|list={{l-self|lhm|आ}}, {{l-self|lhm|इ}}, {{l-self|lhm|उ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ए}}, {{l-self|lhm|ओ}}, {{l-self|lhm|क}}, {{l-self|lhm|ख}}, {{l-self|lhm|ग}}, {{l-self|lhm|घ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ङ}}, {{l-self|lhm|च}}, {{l-self|lhm|च्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|छ}}, {{l-self|lhm|छ्य}}, {{l-self|lhm|ज}}, {{l-self|lhm|ज्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|झ}}, {{l-self|lhm|झ्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|ट}}, {{l-self|lhm|ठ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ड}}, {{l-self|lhm|ढ}}, {{l-self|lhm|त}}, {{l-self|lhm|थ}}, {{l-self|lhm|द}}, {{l-self|lhm|ध}}, {{l-self|lhm|न}}, {{l-self|lhm|प}}, {{l-self|lhm|फ}}, {{l-self|lhm|ब}}, {{l-self|lhm|भ}}, {{l-self|lhm|म}}, {{l-self|lhm|य}}, {{l-self|lhm|र}}, {{l-self|lhm|ल}}, {{l-self|lhm|व}}, {{l-self|lhm|स}}, {{l-self|lhm|स्‍य}}, {{l-self|lhm|ह}}, {{l-self|lhm|ॱ}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|publisher=SIL International and NELHOS|work=Lhomi - Nepali - English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/lhomi/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=lhm&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2022}} *{{Chú thích web|lhm|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=ल्होमी|year=1995|entry=युहन्‍ना 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3674/JHN.1.LHM}} =={{langname|lbm}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Lodha|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|lbm|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|lbm|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Lodha. #:{{quote|lbm|उन्न '''ओ'''को सी कह्यो, “जो कसम तय न हम्ख खिलायी हय '''ओ'''को बारे म हम त निर्दोष रहबोंन।|tr=unna '''o'''ko sī kahyo, “jo kasama taya na hamkha khilāyī haya '''o'''ko bāre ma hama ta nirdoṣa rahabōna.|Vả, hai người nói cùng nàng rằng: Nầy thể nào chúng ta sẽ khỏi mắc lời thề mà nàng đã bắt ta thề. ([[s:Giô-suê/2#2:17|Giô-suê 2:17]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|lbm|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2788/JOS.2.LII25|entry=यहोशू 2|work=Lodhi Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|loy}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|loy|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|loy|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong bảng chữ cái Devanagari tiếng Loke. #:{{ux|loy|'''ओ'''प्‍पो|tr='''o'''ppo|nụ [[hôn]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Loke'') [[आ#Tiếng_Loke|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Loke|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Loke|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Loke|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Loke|ओ]], [[ओ़#Tiếng_Loke|ओ़]], [[आः#Tiếng_Loke|आः]], [[का#Tiếng_Loke|का]], [[क#Tiếng_Loke|क]], [[खा#Tiếng_Loke|खा]], [[ख#Tiếng_Loke|ख]], [[गा#Tiếng_Loke|गा]], [[ग#Tiếng_Loke|ग]], [[घा#Tiếng_Loke|घा]], [[घ#Tiếng_Loke|घ]], [[ङा#Tiếng_Loke|ङा]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Loke|ङ]], [[ॱङा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱङा]], [[चा#Tiếng_Loke|चा]], [[च#Tiếng_Loke|च]], [[छा#Tiếng_Loke|छा]], [[छ#Tiếng_Loke|छ]], [[जा#Tiếng_Loke|जा]], [[ज#Tiếng_Loke|ज]], [[झा#Tiếng_Loke|झा]], [[झ#Tiếng_Loke|झ]], [[टा#Tiếng_Loke|टा]], [[ट#Tiếng_Loke|ट]], [[ठा#Tiếng_Loke|ठा]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Loke|ठ]], [[डा#Tiếng_Loke|डा]], [[ड#Tiếng_Loke|ड]], [[ढा#Tiếng_Loke|ढा]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Loke|ढ]], [[ता#Tiếng_Loke|ता]], [[त#Tiếng_Loke|त]], [[था#Tiếng_Loke|था]], [[थ#Tiếng_Loke|थ]], [[धा#Tiếng_Loke|धा]], [[ध#Tiếng_Loke|ध]], [[दा#Tiếng_Loke|दा]], [[द#Tiếng_Loke|द]], [[ना#Tiếng_Loke|ना]], [[न#Tiếng_Loke|न]], [[ॱना#Tiếng_Loke|ॱना]], [[पा#Tiếng_Loke|पा]], [[प#Tiếng_Loke|प]], [[फा#Tiếng_Loke|फा]], [[फ#Tiếng_Loke|फ]], [[बा#Tiếng_Loke|बा]], [[ब#Tiếng_Loke|ब]], [[भा#Tiếng_Loke|भा]], [[भ#Tiếng_Loke|भ]], [[मा#Tiếng_Loke|मा]], [[म#Tiếng_Loke|म]], [[ॱमा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱमा]], [[या#Tiếng_Loke|या]], [[य#Tiếng_Loke|य]], [[रा#Tiếng_Loke|रा]], [[र#Tiếng_Loke|र]], [[ॱरा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱरा]], [[ला#Tiếng_Loke|ला]], [[ल#Tiếng_Loke|ल]], [[ॱला#Tiếng_Loke|ॱला]], [[वा#Tiếng_Loke|वा]], [[व#Tiếng_Loke|व]], [[सा#Tiếng_Loke|सा]], [[स#Tiếng_Loke|स]], [[शा#Tiếng_Loke|शा]], [[श#Tiếng_Loke|श]], [[हा#Tiếng_Loke|हा]], [[ह#Tiếng_Loke|ह]], [[ॱहा#Tiếng_Loke|ॱहा]], [[क्षा#Tiếng_Loke|क्षा]], [[ल्‍हा#Tiếng_Loke|ल्‍हा]], [[स्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|स्‍या]], [[श्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|श्‍या]], [[च्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|च्‍या]], [[ज्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|ज्‍या]], [[झ्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|झ्‍या]], [[क्‍या#Tiếng_Loke|क्‍या]], [[ॱ#Tiếng_Loke|ॱ]] ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|loy|Thán từ|tr=o}} #[[dạ|Dạ]], [[vâng]] #[[phải|Phải]] [[không]]? ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=SIL International and HIS Nepal|work=Lhowa - Nepali - English Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/lhowa/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=loy&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2016}} =={{langname|mag}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Magaha|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mag|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mag|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Magaha, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mag|'''ओ'''र|tr='''o'''r|[[đoạn]] [[cuối]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Magaha|list={{l-self|mag|अ}}, {{l-self|mag|आ}}, {{l-self|mag|इ}}, {{l-self|mag|ई}}, {{l-self|mag|उ}}, {{l-self|mag|ऊ}}, {{l-self|mag|ऎ}}, {{l-self|mag|ए}}, {{l-self|mag|ऐ}}, {{l-self|mag|ऒ}}, {{l-self|mag|ओ}}, {{l-self|mag|औ}}, {{l-self|mag|अँ}}, {{l-self|mag|क}}, {{l-self|mag|ख}}, {{l-self|mag|ग}}, {{l-self|mag|घ}}, {{l-self|mag|ङ}}, {{l-self|mag|च}}, {{l-self|mag|छ}}, {{l-self|mag|ज}}, {{l-self|mag|झ}}, {{l-self|mag|ञ}}, {{l-self|mag|ट}}, {{l-self|mag|ठ}}, {{l-self|mag|ड}}, {{l-self|mag|ड़}}, {{l-self|mag|ढ}}, {{l-self|mag|ण}}, {{l-self|mag|त}}, {{l-self|mag|थ}}, {{l-self|mag|द}}, {{l-self|mag|ध}}, {{l-self|mag|न}}, {{l-self|mag|प}}, {{l-self|mag|फ}}, {{l-self|mag|ब}}, {{l-self|mag|भ}}, {{l-self|mag|म}}, {{l-self|mag|य}}, {{l-self|mag|र}}, {{l-self|mag|ल}}, {{l-self|mag|व}}, {{l-self|mag|श}}, {{l-self|mag|ष}}, {{l-self|mag|स}}, {{l-self|mag|ह}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mag|author=Asian Sahyogi Sanstha India Gorakhpur, (U.P.)|work=Bible.is|year=2014|entry=मत्ती 27|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/MAGSSI/MAT/27}} =={{langname|mgp}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|mgp|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mgp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Magar Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|mgp|ङै डाङ्‌च होसे पशु चितुवा ल्‍याक्‍च लेया, होच्‍यो मीखुट्‍याको भालु'''ओ''' ल्‍याक्‍च लेया र होच्‍यो मेङ्‌गेर राँघु'''ओ''' ल्‍याक्‍च लेया। अजिङ्‌गरै होसे पशुकी लहो शक्‍ति, सिंहासन र शासन जाट्‍च बाड्‍को अधिकार याहा।|tr=ṅai ḍāṅc hose paśu cituvā lyākc leyā, hocyo mīkhutyāko bhālu'''o''' lyākc leyā ra hocyo meṅger rāṅghu'''o''' lyākc leyā. ajिṅgarai hose paśukī laho śakti, siṃhāsana ra śāsana jāṭc bāḍko adhikāra yāhā.|Con thú tôi thấy đó giống như con beo; chơn nó như chơn gấu, miệng như miệng sư-tử, và con rồng đã lấy sức-mạnh, ngôi, và quyền-phép lớn mà cho nó. ([[s:Khải huyền/13#13:2|Khải huyền 13:2]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Magar Đông'') [[अ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ई]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अँ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अः]], [[अ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अ᳝]], [[आ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|आ᳝]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ए़]], [[ओ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ओ᳝]], [[अ᳝:#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|अ᳝:]], [[क#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ढ]], [[न#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऩ]], [[त#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ध]], [[प#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|व]], [[य़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|य़]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ऱ]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ल़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|व़]], [[स#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Magar_Đông|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mgp|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3288/REV.13.EMGP|entry=प्रकाश 13|work=पुर्वीय मगर|year=2022}} =={{langname|mrd}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mrd|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mrd|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Magar Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mrd|'''ओ'''सोट्‍के|tr='''o'''sōṭke|[[ngứa]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Magar Tây'') [[अ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ई]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अँ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अः]], [[अ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अ᳝]], [[आ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|आ᳝]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ए़]], [[ओ᳝#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ओ᳝]], [[अ᳝:#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|अ᳝:]], [[क#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ढ]], [[न#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऩ]], [[त#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ध]], [[प#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|व]], [[य़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|य़]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ऱ]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ल़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|व़]], [[स#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Magar_Tây|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Andrea Csepe (eds.)|work=Magar – Nepali – English - Hungarian Dictionary|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/wmagar/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=mrd-Deva&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2018|publisher=SIL International}} *{{Chú thích web|mrd|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/4406/LUK.3.WMGR|entry=लूका 3|work=पश्‍चिमी मगर ढुट|year=2024}} =={{langname|mjx}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ol Chiki | [[ᱳ#Tiếng_Mahal|ᱳ]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Mahal|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Mahal|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mjx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mjx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Mahal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mjx|आबोहा'''ओ'''या|[[thời tiết]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Mahal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Mahal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Mahal|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Mahal|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Mahal|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Mahal|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Mahal|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Mahal|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Mahal|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Mahal|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Mahal|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Mahal|अँ]], [[इँ#Tiếng_Mahal|इँ]], [[उँ#Tiếng_Mahal|उँ]], [[ऐं#Tiếng_Mahal|ऐं]], [[औं#Tiếng_Mahal|औं]], [[क#Tiếng_Mahal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Mahal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Mahal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Mahal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Mahal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Mahal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Mahal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Mahal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Mahal|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Mahal|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Mahal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Mahal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Mahal|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Mahal|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Mahal|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Mahal|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Mahal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Mahal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Mahal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Mahal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Mahal|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Mahal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Mahal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Mahal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Mahal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Mahal|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Mahal|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Mahal|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Mahal|ल]], [[स#Tiếng_Mahal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Mahal|ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Mahal|व]] =={{langname|mai}}== {{wp|mai:}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Tirhuta | [[𑒍#Tiếng_Maithil|𑒍]] |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Maithil|𑂋]] |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Maithil|𑐌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mai|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mai|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Maithil, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mai|[[w:mai:ओडिशा|'''ओ'''डिशा]]|[[w:Odisha|Odisha]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Maithil|list={{l-self|mai|अ}}, {{l-self|mai|आ}}, {{l-self|mai|इ}}, {{l-self|mai|ई}}, {{l-self|mai|उ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऊ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऋ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऎ}}, {{l-self|mai|ए}}, {{l-self|mai|ꣾ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऐ}}, {{l-self|mai|ऒ}}, {{l-self|mai|ओ}}, {{l-self|mai|ॵ}}, {{l-self|mai|औ}}, {{l-self|mai|ॳ}}, {{l-self|mai|ॴ}}, {{l-self|mai|इऺ}}, {{l-self|mai|उ॑}}, {{l-self|mai|अऽ}}, {{l-self|mai|अ꣱}}, {{l-self|mai|ऍ}}, {{l-self|mai|अः}}, {{l-self|mai|आँ}}, {{l-self|mai|य़}}, {{l-self|mai|व़}}, {{l-self|mai|य़ॆ}}, {{l-self|mai|व़ॊ}}, {{l-self|mai|क}}, {{l-self|mai|ख}}, {{l-self|mai|ग}}, {{l-self|mai|घ}}, {{l-self|mai|ङ}}, {{l-self|mai|च}}, {{l-self|mai|छ}}, {{l-self|mai|ज}}, {{l-self|mai|झ}}, {{l-self|mai|ञ}}, {{l-self|mai|ट}}, {{l-self|mai|ठ}}, {{l-self|mai|ड}}, {{l-self|mai|ढ}}, {{l-self|mai|ण}}, {{l-self|mai|त}}, {{l-self|mai|थ}}, {{l-self|mai|द}}, {{l-self|mai|ध}}, {{l-self|mai|न}}, {{l-self|mai|प}}, {{l-self|mai|फ}}, {{l-self|mai|ब}}, {{l-self|mai|भ}}, {{l-self|mai|म}}, {{l-self|mai|य}}, {{l-self|mai|र}}, {{l-self|mai|ल}}, {{l-self|mai|व}}, {{l-self|mai|श}}, {{l-self|mai|ष}}, {{l-self|mai|स}}, {{l-self|mai|ह}}, {{l-self|mai|ड़}}, {{l-self|mai|ढ़}}, {{l-self|mai|ख़}}, {{l-self|mai|ज़}}, {{l-self|mai|झ़}}, {{l-self|mai|फ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|mai|Đại từ}} #{{lb|mai|distal|honorific}} [[nó]], [[đó]]; [[ông]] [[ta]]; [[cô]] [[ấy]],... ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Pt. Govind Jha|title=Kalyani Kosh : Maithili-English Dictionary|year=1999|page=83|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/dli.language.2334/page/n127}} =={{langname|mup}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|mup|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mup|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Malvi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mup|'''ओ'''लाद|[[con cháu]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Malvi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Malvi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Malvi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Malvi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Malvi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Malvi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Malvi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Malvi|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Malvi|ओ]], [[क#Tiếng_Malvi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Malvi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Malvi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Malvi|घ]], [[च#Tiếng_Malvi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Malvi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Malvi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Malvi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Malvi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Malvi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Malvi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Malvi|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Malvi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Malvi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Malvi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Malvi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Malvi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Malvi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Malvi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Malvi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Malvi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Malvi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Malvi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Malvi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Malvi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Malvi|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Malvi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Malvi|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|en|editor=Binoy Koshy|work=Malvi – English Dictionary|year=2018|publisher=SIL International®|entry=ओ|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/malvi/browse/browse-vernacular/?key=mup&letter=%E0%A4%93}} *{{Chú thích web|mup|author=Malvoday & New Life Literature|work=Parem Sandeso|year=2012|entry=मत्ती 1|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/MUPNLL/MAT/1}} =={{langname|mjl}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Mandi|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|mjl|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mjl|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Mandi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|mjl|'''ओ''' पाखंडी, पैहले आपणी छोटी जे गलती जो सुधार, तेबे तु तेसरी मदद करी सक्हा कि से आपणी गलतिया जो सुधारी सको।|Hỡi kẻ giả-hình! trước hết phải lấy cây đà khỏi mắt mình đi, rồi mới thấy rõ mà lấy cái rác ra khỏi mắt anh em mình được. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/7#7:5|Ma-thi-ơ 7:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Mandi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Mandi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Mandi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Mandi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Mandi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Mandi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Mandi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Mandi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Mandi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Mandi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Mandi|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Mandi|अँ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Mandi|अं]], [[क#Tiếng_Mandi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Mandi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Mandi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Mandi|घ]], [[च#Tiếng_Mandi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Mandi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Mandi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Mandi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Mandi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Mandi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Mandi|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Mandi|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Mandi|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Mandi|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Mandi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Mandi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Mandi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Mandi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Mandi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Mandi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Mandi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Mandi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Mandi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Mandi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Mandi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Mandi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Mandi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Mandi|व]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Mandi|ल़]], [[स#Tiếng_Mandi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Mandi|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mjl|author=The Love Fellowship|work=मंडयाली नंऊँआं नियम|year=2025|entry=मत्ती 7|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2769/MAT.7.MJLNT}} =={{langname|mr}}== {{wp|mr:ओ}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Modi | [[𑘌#Tiếng_Marathi|𑘌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{mar-IPA}} *{{audio|mr|LL-Q1571 (mar)-नंदिनी रानडे-ओ.wav}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 10 trong tiếng Marathi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mr|[[w:mr:ओमान|'''ओ'''मान]]|[[Oman]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Balbodh Devanagari|list={{l-self|mr|अ}}, {{l-self|mr|आ}}, {{l-self|mr|इ}}, {{l-self|mr|ई}}, {{l-self|mr|उ}}, {{l-self|mr|ऊ}}, {{l-self|mr|ए}}, {{l-self|mr|ऐ}}, {{l-self|mr|ओ}}, {{l-self|mr|औ}}, {{l-self|mr|अं}}, {{l-self|mr|अः}}, {{l-self|mr|ॲ}}, {{l-self|mr|ऑ }}, {{l-self|mr|क}}, {{l-self|mr|ख}}, {{l-self|mr|ग}}, {{l-self|mr|घ}}, {{l-self|mr|ङ}}, {{l-self|mr|च}}, {{l-self|mr|छ}}, {{l-self|mr|ज}}, {{l-self|mr|झ}}, {{l-self|mr|ञ}}, {{l-self|mr|ट}}, {{l-self|mr|ठ}}, {{l-self|mr|ड}}, {{l-self|mr|ढ}}, {{l-self|mr|ण}}, {{l-self|mr|त}}, {{l-self|mr|थ}}, {{l-self|mr|द}}, {{l-self|mr|ध}}, {{l-self|mr|न}}, {{l-self|mr|प}}, {{l-self|mr|फ}}, {{l-self|mr|ब}}, {{l-self|mr|भ}}, {{l-self|mr|म}}, {{l-self|mr|य}}, {{l-self|mr|र}}, {{l-self|mr|ल}}, {{l-self|mr|व}}, {{l-self|mr|श}}, {{l-self|mr|ष}}, {{l-self|mr|स}}, {{l-self|mr|ह}}, {{l-self|mr|ळ}}, {{l-self|mr|क्ष}}, {{l-self|mr|ज्ञ}}}} ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|mr|Thán từ|g=f}} #[[đáp|Đáp]] lại lời [[gọi]]; [[dạ]], [[vâng]] #[[tiếng|Tiếng]] [[nôn mửa]] ===={{ĐM|drv}}==== {{col3|mr|ओ देणे<t:đáp lời (không phải điện thoại)>|ओ येणे<t:nôn>}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=James Thomas Molesworth & Baba Padmanji|title=A compendium of Molesworth's Marathi and English dictionary|year=1863|location=Bombay|publisher=Bombay Education Society|page=72|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/compendiumofmole00mole/page/72}} =={{langname|omr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Modi | [[𑘌#Tiếng_Marathi_cổ|𑘌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|omr|/o/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|omr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Marathi cổ. #:{{ux|omr|रा'''ओ'''|[[vua]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Tulpule, Shankar Gopal & Anne Feldhaus|title=A dictionary of old Marathi|year=1999|location=Mumbai|publisher=Popular Prakashan|page=115|pageurl=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/tulpule_query.py?page=115#gsc.tab=0}} =={{langname|mrr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mrr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mrr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Maria, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|mrr|अस्के '''ओ'''र कग़यवालोर येसुनगा एरे वासि '''ओ'''न तेहतोर. “ए गूरु, माक पिसिह कीमु, माट मुळ्न्दिह्‌नल!” इनजोर केयतोर.|tr=Aske '''o'''ra kagayavālōra Yēsunaġa ēre vāsi '''o'''na tehatōra. “Ē gūru, māk pisih kīmu, māṭ muḷndihnal!” inajōra kēyatōra.|Các môn-đồ đến gần, đánh thức Ngài, mà thưa rằng: Lạy Chúa, xin cứu chúng tôi với, chúng tôi hầu chết! ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/8#8:25|Ma-thi-ơ 8:25]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Maria|list={{l-self|mrr|अ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|आ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|इ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ई|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|उ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ऊ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ए|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ऐ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ओ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|क|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ग|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ग़|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ङ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|च|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ज|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ट|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ड|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|त|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|द|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|न|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|प|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ब|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|म|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|य|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|र|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ल|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ळ|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|व|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|स|tr=-}}, {{l-self|mrr|ह|tr=-}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|mrr|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=माडिया गोंड पवित्र सास्त्रम|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2691/MAT.8.%2525E0%2525A4%2525AE%2525E0%2525A4%2525BE%2525E0%2525A4%2525A1%2525E0%2525A4%2525BF%2525E0%2525A4%2525AF%2525E0%2525A4%2525BE%2525E0%2525A4%2525AC%2525E0%2525A4%2525BE%2525E0%2525A4%2525AF%2525E0%2525A5%25258D%2525E0%2525A4%2525AC%2525E0%2525A4%2525B2|entry=मत्याल 8|year=2021}} =={{langname|mwr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Ả Rập | [[و#Tiếng_Marwar|و]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mwr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mwr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Marwar, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mwr|'''ओ'''ठारू|[[lạc đà]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Marwar'') [[अ#Tiếng_Marwar|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Marwar|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Marwar|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Marwar|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Marwar|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऊ]], [[अे#Tiếng_Marwar|अे]]/[[ए#Tiếng_Marwar|ए]], [[अै#Tiếng_Marwar|अै]]/[[ऐ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Marwar|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Marwar|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Marwar|अं]], [[क#Tiếng_Marwar|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Marwar|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Marwar|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Marwar|घ]], [[गं#Tiếng_Marwar|गं]], [[च#Tiếng_Marwar|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Marwar|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Marwar|ज]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Marwar|ज़]], [[ॼ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ॼ़]], [[झ#Tiếng_Marwar|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Marwar|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Marwar|ठ]], [[ॸ#Tiếng_Marwar|ॸ]]/[[ड#Tiếng_Marwar|ड]], [[ड#Tiếng_Marwar|ड]]/[[ड़#Tiếng_Marwar|ड़]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Marwar|ॾ]], [[ॾ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ॾ़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Marwar|ढ]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ढ़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Marwar|ण]], [[ण्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|ण्ह]]/[[ण़#Tiếng_Marwar|ण़]], [[थ#Tiếng_Marwar|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Marwar|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Marwar|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Marwar|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|न्ह]]/[[ऩ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऩ]], [[प#Tiếng_Marwar|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Marwar|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Marwar|ब]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Marwar|ॿ]], [[ॿ़#Tiếng_Marwar|ॿ़]], [[भ#Tiếng_Marwar|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Marwar|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|म्ह]]/[[म़#Tiếng_Marwar|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Marwar|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Marwar|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Marwar|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Marwar|ल़]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Marwar|ळ]], [[ळ्ह#Tiếng_Marwar|ळ्ह]]/[[ऴ#Tiếng_Marwar|ऴ]], [[व#Tiếng_Marwar|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Marwar|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Marwar|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Marwar|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Marwar|ह]], [[श्र#Tiếng_Marwar|श्र]] ==={{ĐM|pronoun}}=== {{head|mwr|Đại từ}} #[[này|Này]], [[đây]] #[[anh|Anh]] [[ta]], [[ông]] [[ấy]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|editor=Vijay Raj Dewra, Radhe Vaishnav, Suchita Surana, Umaid Singh Inda, Naresh Khatri, Pooja Rathore, Praveen Arya, Kapil Dev, Nisha Chawriya, Ritu Sisodya, Rajendra Suthar, Vinod Soni|work=Marwari – English Dictionary|year=2019|publisher=SIL International. Project LEARN|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/marwari/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=rwr-IN&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|unx}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Munda|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Munda|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|unx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|unx|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Munda, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|unx|साल्‌मन्‌राः हन्‌ बोयाज्‌, बोयाज्‌राः एंगातेयाः नुतुम्‌ राहाब्‌, बोयाज्‌राः हन्‌ '''ओ'''बेद्‌, '''ओ'''बेद्‌राः एंगाते रुत्‌, '''ओ'''बेद्‌राः हन्‌ यिशि,|Sanh-môn bởi Ra-háp sanh Bô-ô. Bô-ô bởi Ru-tơ sanh Ô-bết. Ô-bết sanh Gie-sê; ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/1#1:5|Ma-thi-ơ 1:5]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Munda'') [[अ#Tiếng_Munda|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Munda|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Munda|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Munda|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Munda|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Munda|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Munda|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Munda|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Munda|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Munda|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Munda|क]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Munda|क्ष]], [[ख#Tiếng_Munda|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Munda|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Munda|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Munda|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Munda|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Munda|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Munda|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Munda|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Munda|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Munda|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Munda|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Munda|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Munda|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Munda|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Munda|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Munda|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Munda|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Munda|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Munda|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Munda|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Munda|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Munda|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Munda|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Munda|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Munda|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Munda|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Munda|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Munda|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Munda|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Munda|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Munda|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Munda|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Munda|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Munda|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|unx|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2792/MAT.1.NTRUU20|entry=ମାଥିଉ 1|work=ପାର୍‌ମେଶ୍ୱାର୍‌ଆଃ ଜୀନିଦ୍‌ ବାଚାନ୍‌, ନାୱା ନିୟାମ୍‌|year=2020}} =={{langname|unr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Mundari|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Mundari|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|unr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|unr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Mundari, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|unr|[[ओलेआ#Tiếng_Mundari|'''ओ'''लेआ]]|[[viết]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Mundari'') [[अ#Tiếng_Mundari|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Mundari|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Mundari|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Mundari|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Mundari|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Mundari|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Mundari|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Mundari|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Mundari|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Mundari|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Mundari|क]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Mundari|क्ष]], [[ख#Tiếng_Mundari|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Mundari|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Mundari|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Mundari|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Mundari|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Mundari|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Mundari|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Mundari|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Mundari|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Mundari|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Mundari|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Mundari|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Mundari|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Mundari|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Mundari|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Mundari|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Mundari|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Mundari|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Mundari|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Mundari|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Mundari|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Mundari|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Mundari|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Mundari|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Mundari|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Mundari|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Mundari|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Mundari|ल]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Mundari|ळ]], [[व#Tiếng_Mundari|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Mundari|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Mundari|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Mundari|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Mundari|ह]] ===={{ĐM|v}}==== {{head|unr|Động từ}} #[[chạm|Chạm]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Enike Amina Wani, Martin Lomu Goke & Tim Stirtz|work=Mundari-English Dictionary|year=2013|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/mundari/overview/copyright/beli-english/?letter=O&key=qaa-Latg-SD-x-mqu|entry=O}} *{{Chú thích web|unr|author=Munda Believers Assembly|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/unrwfw/mat/20|entry=ମାଥିଉ 20|work=Mundari - 2018 The Word for the World International|year=2020}} =={{langname|fmu}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|fmu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|fmu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 7 trong tiếng Muria Viễn Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|fmu|‘नरका माक हुन्ज मतोरोम असके '''ओ'''नोर चेलालोर वासुन '''ओ'''न कलस '''ओ'''तुरक’ इदाम इन्किट इन्जोर इतुरक।|tr=‘narakā māk huñja matoroma asake '''o'''nora celālor vāsuna '''o'''na kalasa '''o'''turaka’ idāma inkiṭa iñjora ituraka.|mà dặn rằng: Các ngươi hãy nói rằng: Môn-đồ nó đã đến lúc ban đêm, khi chúng tôi đương ngủ, mà lấy trộm nó đi. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/28#28:13|Ma-thi-ơ 28:13]])}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{letters|lang=fmu|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Muria Viễn Tây|अ|आ|इ|उ|ऊ|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|च|छ|ज|झ|ञ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|ण|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|य|र|ल|ळ|व|श|ष|स|ह}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|fmu|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=Muria, Far Western|year=2026|entry=मत्ति 28|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3169/MAT.28.FMU}} =={{langname|nit}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Nam_Kolami|ఒ]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|nit|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|nit|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Nam Kolami. #:{{quote|nit|'''ओ'''ड़|tr='''o'''ḍ|[[rửa]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|editor=Uma Johnson & G.V. Ramesh|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/54/89/25/54892522721528321878586909573271687411/KOLAMIdictionary.pdf కొలవ గొట్టి అర్థ ఆధారిత వర్గీకరణ విభాగము & తెలుగు, ఆంగ్లం, హిందీ అర్థాలతో బహు భాషా నిఘంటువు]|year=2010|publisher=SIL International|location=India|page=16}} *{{Chú thích web|nit|author=The Word for the World International|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3817/ISA.5.KP25|entry=యెషయ 5|work=Kolami Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|ne}}== {{wp|ne:}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Nepal|𑐌]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{ne-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ne|Chữ cái}} #[[nguyên âm|Nguyên âm]] thứ 10 trong tiếng Nepal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ne|[[w:ne:ओपेक|'''ओ'''पेक]]|[[opec|OPEC]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nepal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Nepal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Nepal|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Nepal|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Nepal|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Nepal|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Nepal|ऊ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Nepal|ऋ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Nepal|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Nepal|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Nepal|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Nepal|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Nepal|अँ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Nepal|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Nepal|अः]], [[क#Tiếng_Nepal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Nepal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Nepal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Nepal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Nepal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Nepal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Nepal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Nepal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Nepal|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Nepal|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Nepal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Nepal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Nepal|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Nepal|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Nepal|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Nepal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Nepal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Nepal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Nepal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Nepal|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Nepal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Nepal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Nepal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Nepal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Nepal|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Nepal|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Nepal|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Nepal|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Nepal|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Nepal|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Nepal|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Nepal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Nepal|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Ralph Lilley Turner|title=A Comparative And Etymological Dictionary Of The Nepali Language|year=1931|location=London|page=60|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.146785/page/n79}} =={{langname|new}}== {{wikipedia|lang=new}} {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Newa | [[𑐌#Tiếng_Newa|𑐌]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|new|/oː/}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|new|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 15 trong tiếng Newa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|new|[[w:new:ओहायो|'''ओ'''हायो]]|[[Ohio]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Newa'') [[अ#Tiếng_Newa|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Newa|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Newa|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Newa|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Newa|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Newa|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Newa|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Newa|ऊ]], [[ऋ#Tiếng_Newa|ऋ]], [[ॠ#Tiếng_Newa|ॠ]], [[ऌ#Tiếng_Newa|ऌ]], [[ॡ#Tiếng_Newa|ॡ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Newa|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Newa|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Newa|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Newa|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Newa|अँ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Newa|अं]], [[अय्#Tiếng_Newa|अय्]], [[आय्#Tiếng_Newa|आय्]], [[एय्#Tiếng_Newa|एय्]], [[क#Tiếng_Newa|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Newa|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Newa|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Newa|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Newa|ङ]], [[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ङ्ह]], [[च#Tiếng_Newa|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Newa|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Newa|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Newa|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Newa|ञ]], [[ञ्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ञ्ह]], [[ट#Tiếng_Newa|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Newa|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Newa|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Newa|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Newa|ण]], [[ण्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ण्ह]], [[त#Tiếng_Newa|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Newa|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Newa|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Newa|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Newa|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Newa|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Newa|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Newa|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Newa|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Newa|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Newa|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Newa|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Newa|य]], [[ह्य#Tiếng_Newa|ह्य]], [[र#Tiếng_Newa|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Newa|ह्र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Newa|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Newa|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Newa|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Newa|व्ह]], [[श#Tiếng_Newa|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Newa|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Newa|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Newa|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Newa|क्ष]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Newa|त्र]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Newa|ज्ञ]] =={{langname|caq}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA|caq|[oː]|[oˑ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|caq|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Nicobar Car, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nicobar Car'') [[अ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|आ]], [[ऍ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऍ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ए]], [[ऍ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऍ̥]], [[ए̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ए̥]], [[इ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ई]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ओ]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ॲ]], [[ऑ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऑ]], [[अ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|अ॑]], [[आ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|आ॑]], [[उ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऊ]], [[उ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|उ̥]], [[ऊ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऊ̥]], [[क#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|क]], [[क̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|क̥]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|च]], [[स#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|स]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ञ]], [[त#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|त]], [[न#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ऩ]], [[प#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|फ]], [[म#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|र]], [[र॒#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|र॒]], [[ल#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|व]], [[ह#Tiếng_Nicobar_Car|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|caq|author=Bible Society of India|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/1060/MIC.1.CANIBSI|entry=MAIKA 1|work=TÖHET LĪPÖRE (Re-edited) Bible (BSI)|year=2024}} =={{langname|nik}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|nik|[oː]|[oˑ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|nik|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Nicobar Nam, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|nik|'''ओ'''ताऽह|tr=[[otāˑha#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|'''o'''tāˑha]]|[[đàn ông]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nicobar Nam'') [[अ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|आ]], [[ऍ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऍ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ए]], [[ऍ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऍ̥]], [[ए̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ए̥]], [[इ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ई]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ओ]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ॲ]], [[ऑ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऑ]], [[अ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|अ॑]], [[आ॑#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|आ॑]], [[उ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऊ]], [[उ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|उ̥]], [[ऊ̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऊ̥]], [[क#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|क]], [[क̥#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|क̥]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|च]], [[स#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|स]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ञ]], [[त#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|त]], [[न#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ऩ]], [[प#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|फ]], [[म#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|र]], [[र॒#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|र॒]], [[ल#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|व]], [[ह#Tiếng_Nicobar_Nam|ह]] =={{langname|ncb}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ncb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ncb|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Nicobar Trung, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ncb|'''ओ'''कइ|tr='''o'''kai|[[lấy]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see also}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Nicobar Trung|list={{l-self|ncb|अ}}, {{l-self|ncb|आ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऍ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ए}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऍ̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|ए̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|इ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ई}}, {{l-self|ncb|ओ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ॲ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऑ}}, {{l-self|ncb|अ॑}}, {{l-self|ncb|आ॑}}, {{l-self|ncb|उ}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऊ}}, {{l-self|ncb|उ̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऊ̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|क}}, {{l-self|ncb|क̥}}, {{l-self|ncb|ङ}}, {{l-self|ncb|च}}, {{l-self|ncb|स}}, {{l-self|ncb|ञ}}, {{l-self|ncb|त}}, {{l-self|ncb|न}}, {{l-self|ncb|ऩ}}, {{l-self|ncb|प}}, {{l-self|ncb|फ}}, {{l-self|ncb|म}}, {{l-self|ncb|य}}, {{l-self|ncb|र}}, {{l-self|ncb|र॒}}, {{l-self|ncb|ल}}, {{l-self|ncb|व}}, {{l-self|ncb|ह}}}} =={{langname|bfz}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|bfz|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|bfz|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Pahari Mahasu, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|bfz|'''ओ'''बद्याह|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Pahari Mahasu'') [[अ#Pahari_Mahasu|अ]], [[आ#Pahari_Mahasu|आ]], [[इ#Pahari_Mahasu|इ]], [[ई#Pahari_Mahasu|ई]], [[उ#Pahari_Mahasu|उ]], [[ऊ#Pahari_Mahasu|ऊ]], [[ए#Pahari_Mahasu|ए]], [[ऐ#Pahari_Mahasu|ऐ]], [[ओ#Pahari_Mahasu|ओ]], [[औ#Pahari_Mahasu|औ]], [[क#Pahari_Mahasu|क]], [[ख#Pahari_Mahasu|ख]], [[ग#Pahari_Mahasu|ग]], [[घ#Pahari_Mahasu|घ]], [[च#Pahari_Mahasu|च]], [[छ#Pahari_Mahasu|छ]], [[ज#Pahari_Mahasu|ज]], [[झ#Pahari_Mahasu|झ]], [[च़#Pahari_Mahasu|च़]], [[छ़#Pahari_Mahasu|छ़]], [[ज़#Pahari_Mahasu|ज़]], [[झ़#Pahari_Mahasu|झ़]], [[ट#Pahari_Mahasu|ट]], [[ठ#Pahari_Mahasu|ठ]], [[ड#Pahari_Mahasu|ड]], [[ड़#Pahari_Mahasu|ड़]], [[ढ#Pahari_Mahasu|ढ]], [[ण#Pahari_Mahasu|ण]], [[त#Pahari_Mahasu|त]], [[थ#Pahari_Mahasu|थ]], [[द#Pahari_Mahasu|द]], [[ध#Pahari_Mahasu|ध]], [[न#Pahari_Mahasu|न]], [[प#Pahari_Mahasu|प]], [[फ#Pahari_Mahasu|फ]], [[ब#Pahari_Mahasu|ब]], [[भ#Pahari_Mahasu|भ]], [[म#Pahari_Mahasu|म]], [[म़#Pahari_Mahasu|म़]], [[य#Pahari_Mahasu|य]], [[र#Pahari_Mahasu|र]], [[ल#Pahari_Mahasu|ल]], [[ल़#Pahari_Mahasu|ल़]], [[व#Pahari_Mahasu|व]], [[श#Pahari_Mahasu|श]], [[ष#Pahari_Mahasu|ष]], [[स#Pahari_Mahasu|स]], [[ह#Pahari_Mahasu|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|bfz|author=Beyond Translation|work=पवित्र परमेशरो रा वचन बघल्याणी भाषा दे|year=2026|entry=ओबद्याह 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/2957/OBA.1.BGH}} =={{langname|kmj}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Paharia_Kumarbhag|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|kmj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|kmj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Paharia Kumarbhag, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|kmj|'''ओ'''र्ग्-दु|tr='''o'''rg-du|[[móng vuốt]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Paharia Kumarbhag'') [[अ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|अ]], [[आ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|आ]], [[इ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|इ]], [[ई#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ई]], [[उ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|उ]], [[ऊ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ऊ]], [[ए#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ए]], [[ऐ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ऐ]], [[ओ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ओ]], [[औ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|औ]], [[क#Paharia_Kumarbhag|क]], [[क़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|क़]], [[ख#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ख]], [[ग#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ग]], [[ग़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ग़]], [[घ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|घ]], [[ङ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ङ]], [[च#Paharia_Kumarbhag|च]], [[छ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|छ]], [[ज#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ज]], [[झ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|झ]], [[ञ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ञ]], [[ट#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ट]], [[ठ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ठ]], [[ड#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ड]], [[ड़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ड़]], [[ढ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ढ]], [[ण#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ण]], [[त#Paharia_Kumarbhag|त]], [[थ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|थ]], [[द#Paharia_Kumarbhag|द]], [[द़#Paharia_Kumarbhag|द़]], [[ध#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ध]], [[न#Paharia_Kumarbhag|न]], [[प#Paharia_Kumarbhag|प]], [[फ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|फ]], [[ब#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ब]], [[भ#Paharia_Kumarbhag|भ]], [[म#Paharia_Kumarbhag|म]], [[य#Paharia_Kumarbhag|य]], [[र#Paharia_Kumarbhag|र]], [[ल#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ल]], [[व#Paharia_Kumarbhag|व]], [[श#Paharia_Kumarbhag|श]], [[ष#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ष]], [[स#Paharia_Kumarbhag|स]], [[ह#Paharia_Kumarbhag|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|title=Dravidian family: Northeastern group (2 lists)|url=https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|publisher=The Global Lexicostatistical Database|year=2011-2016|accessdate=2026-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124190709/https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|archivedate=2025-01-24}} =={{langname|mjt}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Paharia_Sauria|ও]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|mjt|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|mjt|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Paharia Sauria, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|mjt|'''ओ'''त्ए|tr='''o'''t-e|[[nặng]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Paharia Sauria'') [[अ#Paharia_Sauria|अ]], [[आ#Paharia_Sauria|आ]], [[इ#Paharia_Sauria|इ]], [[ई#Paharia_Sauria|ई]], [[उ#Paharia_Sauria|उ]], [[ऊ#Paharia_Sauria|ऊ]], [[ए#Paharia_Sauria|ए]], [[ऐ#Paharia_Sauria|ऐ]], [[ओ#Paharia_Sauria|ओ]], [[औ#Paharia_Sauria|औ]], [[क#Paharia_Sauria|क]], [[क़#Paharia_Sauria|क़]], [[ख#Paharia_Sauria|ख]], [[ग#Paharia_Sauria|ग]], [[ग़#Paharia_Sauria|ग़]], [[घ#Paharia_Sauria|घ]], [[ङ#Paharia_Sauria|ङ]], [[च#Paharia_Sauria|च]], [[छ#Paharia_Sauria|छ]], [[ज#Paharia_Sauria|ज]], [[झ#Paharia_Sauria|झ]], [[ञ#Paharia_Sauria|ञ]], [[ट#Paharia_Sauria|ट]], [[ठ#Paharia_Sauria|ठ]], [[ड#Paharia_Sauria|ड]], [[ड़#Paharia_Sauria|ड़]], [[ढ#Paharia_Sauria|ढ]], [[ण#Paharia_Sauria|ण]], [[त#Paharia_Sauria|त]], [[थ#Paharia_Sauria|थ]], [[द#Paharia_Sauria|द]], [[द़#Paharia_Sauria|द़]], [[ध#Paharia_Sauria|ध]], [[न#Paharia_Sauria|न]], [[प#Paharia_Sauria|प]], [[फ#Paharia_Sauria|फ]], [[ब#Paharia_Sauria|ब]], [[भ#Paharia_Sauria|भ]], [[म#Paharia_Sauria|म]], [[य#Paharia_Sauria|य]], [[र#Paharia_Sauria|र]], [[ल#Paharia_Sauria|ल]], [[व#Paharia_Sauria|व]], [[श#Paharia_Sauria|श]], [[ष#Paharia_Sauria|ष]], [[स#Paharia_Sauria|स]], [[ह#Paharia_Sauria|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|title=Dravidian family: Northeastern group (2 lists)|url=https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|publisher=The Global Lexicostatistical Database|year=2011-2016|accessdate=2026-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124190709/https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100%5Cdrv%5Cned&limit=-1|archivedate=2025-01-24}} =={{langname|pi}}== ==={{ĐM|alt sc}}=== {{pi-alt|Latn=o}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pi|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Pali, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|pi|'''ओ'''दन|[[cơm]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Pali|list={{l-self|pi|अ}}, {{l-self|pi|आ}}, {{l-self|pi|इ}}, {{l-self|pi|ई}}, {{l-self|pi|उ}}, {{l-self|pi|ऊ}}, {{l-self|pi|ऍ}}, {{l-self|pi|ओ}}, {{l-self|pi|क}}, {{l-self|pi|ख}}, {{l-self|pi|ग}}, {{l-self|pi|घ}}, {{l-self|pi|ङ}}, {{l-self|pi|च}}, {{l-self|pi|छ}}, {{l-self|pi|ज}}, {{l-self|pi|झ}}, {{l-self|pi|ञ}}, {{l-self|pi|ट}}, {{l-self|pi|ठ}}, {{l-self|pi|ड}}, {{l-self|pi|ढ}}, {{l-self|pi|ण}}, {{l-self|pi|त}}, {{l-self|pi|थ}}, {{l-self|pi|द}}, {{l-self|pi|ध}}, {{l-self|pi|न}}, {{l-self|pi|प}}, {{l-self|pi|फ}}, {{l-self|pi|ब}}, {{l-self|pi|भ}}, {{l-self|pi|म}}, {{l-self|pi|य}}, {{l-self|pi|र}}, {{l-self|pi|ल}}, {{l-self|pi|व}}, {{l-self|pi|स}}, {{l-self|pi|ह}}, {{l-self|pi|ळ}}}} =={{langname|pcf}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Malayalam | [[ഒ#Tiếng_Paliyan|ഒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pcf|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pcf|Chữ cái}} #Chữ cái Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Paliyan. #:{{quote|pcf|तीहयो आह़फा नु ह़ुपड़ु तीना हात मे ली लेदलो से, अने तीहयो आह़फा ना खळा मे गम नीकाळीन चोखाळहे अने गम ने मोहटी मे भरहे, पण गम ना चारा ने आक्‌ठी मे नाख देहे जे कदी नी '''ओ'''लाये।|tr=tīhayo āḥfā nu ḥupaḍu tīnā hāta me lī ledalo se, ane tīhayo āḥfā nā khaḷā me gama nīkāḷīna cokhāḷahe ane gama ne mohṭī me bharahe, paṇa gama nā cārā ne āk‌ṭhī me nākha dehe je kadī nī '''o'''lāye.|Tay Ngài cầm-nia mà dê thật sạch sân lúa mình, và Ngài sẽ chứa lúa vào kho, còn rơm-rạ thì đốt trong lửa chẳng hề tắt. ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/3#3:12|Ma-thi-ơ 3:12]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|pcf|author=Yisu Por Bherho Karanya Palya Mandli, Rajpur, Barwani, (MP)|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/pcfwfw/mat/3|entry=मत्‌ती नी लीखली ईसु मसी नी खुस-खबर 3|work=The Word for the World International|year=2020}} =={{langname|tdb}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|tdb|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|tdb|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Panchpargania. #:{{quote|tdb|'''ओ'''हे खने एक टा रोगी के जेके लाकवा माइर रहे, उके लोग गिला खाइटे उठाय कहन आनलयँ आर उमने घर भीतर ईसु ताहाँ लेगायेक कोसिस करलयँ।|tr='''o'''he khane eka ṭā rogī ke jeke lākavā māira rahe, uke loga gilā khāiṭe uṭhāya kahana ānalayã āra umane ghara bhītara īsu tāhā̃ legāyek kosisa karalayã.|Bấy giờ, có mấy người khiêng một kẻ đau bại trên giường, kiếm cách đem vào để trước mặt Đức Chúa Jêsus. ([[s:Lu-ca/5#5:18|Lu-ca 5:18]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Panchpargania|list={{l-self|tdb|अ}}, {{l-self|tdb|आ}}, {{l-self|tdb|इ}}, {{l-self|tdb|उ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ए}}, {{l-self|tdb|ओ}}, {{l-self|tdb|क}}, {{l-self|tdb|ख}}, {{l-self|tdb|ग}}, {{l-self|tdb|घ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ङ}}, {{l-self|tdb|च}}, {{l-self|tdb|छ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ज}}, {{l-self|tdb|झ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ञ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ट}}, {{l-self|tdb|ठ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ड}}, {{l-self|tdb|ढ}}, {{l-self|tdb|त}}, {{l-self|tdb|थ}}, {{l-self|tdb|द}}, {{l-self|tdb|ध}}, {{l-self|tdb|न}}, {{l-self|tdb|प}}, {{l-self|tdb|फ}}, {{l-self|tdb|ब}}, {{l-self|tdb|भ}}, {{l-self|tdb|म}}, {{l-self|tdb|य}}, {{l-self|tdb|र}}, {{l-self|tdb|ल}}, {{l-self|tdb|स}}, {{l-self|tdb|ह}}, {{l-self|tdb|ड़}}, {{l-self|tdb|ढ़}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|tdb|entryurl=https://media.ipsapps.org/tdb/osa/01-LUK-005.html|entry=लूका 5|work=Panchpargarnia Bible|year=2025}} =={{langname|pgg}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Takri | [[𑚈#Tiếng_Pangwala|𑚈]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pgg|[o]|[ɘ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pgg|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Pangwala, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|pgg|ईं शुण कइ से सोब कठे भु'''ओ''' मेह्‍णु तीं जड़ी गे त तेन्हि मारणे की।|Họ nghe mấy lời thì nghiến-ngầm, giận-hoảng, bàn mưu giết các sứ-đồ. ([[s:Công vụ các Sứ đồ/5#5:33|Công vụ các Sứ đồ 5:33]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Pangwala|list={{l-self|pgg|अ}}, {{l-self|pgg|आ}}, {{l-self|pgg|इ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ई}}, {{l-self|pgg|उ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ऊ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ए}}, {{l-self|pgg|ऐ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ओ}}, {{l-self|pgg|औ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ऑ}}, {{l-self|pgg|अं}}, {{l-self|pgg|अः}}, {{l-self|pgg|क}}, {{l-self|pgg|ख}}, {{l-self|pgg|ग}}, {{l-self|pgg|घ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ङ}}, {{l-self|pgg|च}}, {{l-self|pgg|छ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ज}}, {{l-self|pgg|झ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ञ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ट}}, {{l-self|pgg|ठ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ड}}, {{l-self|pgg|ढ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ण}}, {{l-self|pgg|त}}, {{l-self|pgg|थ}}, {{l-self|pgg|द}}, {{l-self|pgg|ध}}, {{l-self|pgg|न}}, {{l-self|pgg|प}}, {{l-self|pgg|फ}}, {{l-self|pgg|ब}}, {{l-self|pgg|भ}}, {{l-self|pgg|म}}, {{l-self|pgg|य}}, {{l-self|pgg|र}}, {{l-self|pgg|ल}}, {{l-self|pgg|व}}, {{l-self|pgg|श}}, {{l-self|pgg|ष}}, {{l-self|pgg|स}}, {{l-self|pgg|ह}}, {{l-self|pgg|ड़}}, {{l-self|pgg|ळ}}}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|pgg|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3555/ACT.5.PGG|entry=प्रतिनिधि 5|work=Walangi|year=2023}} =={{langname|sa}}== {{wp|sa:ओ}} ==={{ĐM|alt sc}}=== {{sa-alt}} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{san-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sa|Chữ cái}} #[[nguyên âm|Nguyên âm]] thứ 13 trong tiếng Phạn, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|sa|[[w:sa:ओष्ठः|'''ओ'''ष्ठः]]|[[môi]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *{{list helper 2|title=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Phạn|list={{l-self|sa|अ}}, {{l-self|sa|आ}}, {{l-self|sa|इ}}, {{l-self|sa|ई}}, {{l-self|sa|उ}}, {{l-self|sa|ऊ}}, {{l-self|sa|ऋ}}, {{l-self|sa|ॠ}}, {{l-self|sa|ऌ}}, {{l-self|sa|ॡ}}, {{l-self|sa|ए}}, {{l-self|sa|ऐ}}, {{l-self|sa|ओ}}, {{l-self|sa|औ}}, {{l-self|sa|क}}, {{l-self|sa|ख}}, {{l-self|sa|ग}}, {{l-self|sa|घ}}, {{l-self|sa|ङ}}, {{l-self|sa|च}}, {{l-self|sa|छ}}, {{l-self|sa|ज}}, {{l-self|sa|झ}}, {{l-self|sa|ञ}}, {{l-self|sa|ट}}, {{l-self|sa|ठ}}, {{l-self|sa|ड}}, {{l-self|sa|ढ}}, {{l-self|sa|ण}}, {{l-self|sa|त}}, {{l-self|sa|थ}}, {{l-self|sa|द}}, {{l-self|sa|ध}}, {{l-self|sa|न}}, {{l-self|sa|प}}, {{l-self|sa|फ}}, {{l-self|sa|ब}}, {{l-self|sa|भ}}, {{l-self|sa|म}}, {{l-self|sa|य}}, {{l-self|sa|र}}, {{l-self|sa|ल}}, {{l-self|sa|व}}, {{l-self|sa|श}}, {{l-self|sa|ष}}, {{l-self|sa|स}}, {{l-self|sa|ह}}, {{l-self|sa|ळ}}}} ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|sa|Thán từ}} #[[Ô]], [[ối]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Monier Williams|page=235|pageurl=https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/servepdf.php?page=235|title=A Sanskrit–English Dictionary|year=1899|location=Oxford|publisher=At the Clarendon Press}} =={{langname|pra}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|pra|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|pra|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Prakit. #:{{ux|pra|'''ओ'''ट्ठ|tr=[[𑀑𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀫#Tiếng_Prakrit|'''𑀑'''𑀝𑁆𑀞]]|[[môi]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|psu}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|psu|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|psu|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Prakit Saurasen. #:{{ux|psu|'''ओ'''धि|tr='''𑀑'''𑀥𑀺|[[giới hạn]]|inline=1}} =={{langname|raj}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|raj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|raj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 8 trong tiếng Rajasthan, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Rajasthan'') [[अ#Rajasthan|अ]], [[आ#Rajasthan|आ]], [[इ#Rajasthan|इ]], [[ई#Rajasthan|ई]], [[उ#Rajasthan|उ]], [[ऊ#Rajasthan|ऊ]], [[अे#Rajasthan|अे]], [[ओ#Rajasthan|ओ]], [[औ#Rajasthan|औ]], [[अं#Rajasthan|अं]], [[आं#Rajasthan|आं]], [[इं#Rajasthan|इं]], [[ईं#Rajasthan|ईं]], [[उं#Rajasthan|उं]], [[ऊं#Rajasthan|ऊं]], [[एं#Rajasthan|एं]], [[ओं#Rajasthan|ओं]], [[क#Rajasthan|क]], [[ख#Rajasthan|ख]], [[ग#Rajasthan|ग]], [[घ#Rajasthan|घ]], [[च#Rajasthan|च]], [[छ#Rajasthan|छ]], [[ज#Rajasthan|ज]], [[झ#Rajasthan|झ]], [[ट#Rajasthan|ट]], [[ठ#Rajasthan|ठ]], [[ड#Rajasthan|ड]], [[ढ#Rajasthan|ढ]], [[ॾ#Rajasthan|ॾ]], [[ॾ़#Rajasthan|ॾ़]], [[ण#Rajasthan|ण]], [[ण़#Rajasthan|ण़]], [[त#Rajasthan|त]], [[थ#Rajasthan|थ]], [[द#Rajasthan|द]], [[ध#Rajasthan|ध]], [[न#Rajasthan|न]], [[ऩ#Rajasthan|ऩ]], [[प#Rajasthan|प]], [[फ#Rajasthan|फ]], [[ब#Rajasthan|ब]], [[भ#Rajasthan|भ]], [[ॿ#Rajasthan|ॿ]], [[ॿ़#Rajasthan|ॿ़]], [[म#Rajasthan|म]], [[म़#Rajasthan|म़]], [[य#Rajasthan|य]], [[र#Rajasthan|र]], [[ड़#Rajasthan|ड़]], [[ढ़#Rajasthan|ढ़]], [[ज़#Rajasthan|ज़]], [[ॼ़#Rajasthan|ॼ़]], [[ल#Rajasthan|ल]], [[ल़#Rajasthan|ल़]], [[ळ#Rajasthan|ळ]], [[व#Rajasthan|व]], [[श#Rajasthan|श]], [[ष#Rajasthan|ष]], [[स#Rajasthan|स]], [[स़#Rajasthan|स़]], [[ह#Rajasthan|ह]], [[श्र#Rajasthan|श्र]], [[क्ष#Rajasthan|क्ष]] =={{langname|rjs}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rjs|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rjs|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Rajbanshi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|rjs|तम़ा संसारेर '''ओ'''जोत हन। पाहारखानेर पर बसाल नगरखान नुकाए रहबा नि पार्बे।|tr=tomā saṃsārer '''o'''jota han. pāhārkhāner para basāla nagarkhāna nukāe rahabā ni pārbe.|Các ngươi là sự sáng của thế-gian; một cái thành ở trên núi thì không khi nào bị khuất được: ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/5#5:14|Ma-thi-ơ 5:14]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Rajbanshi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ङ़]] ([[ङ्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ङ्ह]]), [[च#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऩ]] ([[न्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|न्ह]]), [[प#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|म़]] ([[म्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|म्ह]]), [[य#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|र]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ऱ]] ([[ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ह]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ल]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ल़]] ([[ल्ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ल्ह]]), [[व#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Rajbanshi|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Kamta – Bengali Dictionary|year=2020|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/rajbanshi/browse/?key=rkt-Beng&letter=%E0%A6%93|entry=ও}} *{{Chú thích web|rjs|author=Indian Evangelical Mission|work=Bible|year=2009|entry=मत्ति 5|entryurl=https://live.bible.is/bible/RJSMTS/MAT/5}} =={{langname|rkt}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Rangpur|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rkt|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rkt|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 11 trong tiếng Rangpur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Rangpur'') [[अ#Tiếng_Rangpur|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Rangpur|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Rangpur|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Rangpur|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Rangpur|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ऊ]], [[र्ऋ#Tiếng_Rangpur|र्ऋ]], [[र्ॠ#Tiếng_Rangpur|र्ॠ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Rangpur|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Rangpur|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Rangpur|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Rangpur|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Rangpur|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Rangpur|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Rangpur|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Rangpur|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Rangpur|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Rangpur|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Rangpur|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Rangpur|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Rangpur|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Rangpur|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Rangpur|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Rangpur|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Rangpur|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Rangpur|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Rangpur|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Rangpur|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Rangpur|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Rangpur|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Rangpur|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Rangpur|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Rangpur|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Rangpur|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Rangpur|ल]], [[श#Tiếng_Rangpur|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Rangpur|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Rangpur|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Rangpur|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Rangpur|क्ष]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Rangpur|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Rangpur|ढ़]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Kamta – Bengali Dictionary|year=2020|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/rajbanshi/browse/?key=rkt-Beng&letter=%E0%A6%93|entry=ও}} =={{langname|rau}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|rau|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|rau|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Raute, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Raute'') [[अ#Tiếng_Raute|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Raute|आ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Raute|ई]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Raute|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Raute|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Raute|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Raute|अँ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Raute|अः]], [[अ᳝#Tiếng_Raute|अ᳝]], [[आ᳝#Tiếng_Raute|आ᳝]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Raute|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Raute|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Raute|ए़]], [[ओ᳝#Tiếng_Raute|ओ᳝]], [[अ᳝:#Tiếng_Raute|अ᳝:]], [[क#Tiếng_Raute|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Raute|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Raute|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Raute|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Raute|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Raute|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Raute|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Raute|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Raute|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Raute|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Raute|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Raute|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Raute|ढ]], [[न#Tiếng_Raute|न]], [[ऩ#Tiếng_Raute|ऩ]], [[त#Tiếng_Raute|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Raute|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Raute|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Raute|ध]], [[प#Tiếng_Raute|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Raute|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Raute|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Raute|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Raute|म]], [[म़#Tiếng_Raute|म़]], [[य#Tiếng_Raute|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Raute|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Raute|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Raute|व]], [[य़#Tiếng_Raute|य़]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Raute|ऱ]], [[ल़#Tiếng_Raute|ल़]], [[व़#Tiếng_Raute|व़]], [[स#Tiếng_Raute|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Raute|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|author=Jana Fortier|title=A Comparative Dictionary of Raute and Rawat: Tibeto-Burman Languages of the Central Himalayas|year=2019|publisher=Department of South Asian Studies, Harvard University|isbn=9780674984349}} =={{langname|sck}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Sadri|ଓ]] |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Sadri|ও]] |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Sadri|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sck|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sck|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sadri, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|sck|'''ओ'''ल्ता|[[hàng]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sadri'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sadri|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sadri|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sadri|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sadri|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sadri|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sadri|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sadri|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sadri|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sadri|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sadri|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Sadri|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sadri|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sadri|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Sadri|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Sadri|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Sadri|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sadri|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sadri|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Sadri|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Sadri|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sadri|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sadri|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sadri|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Sadri|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Sadri|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Sadri|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sadri|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sadri|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Sadri|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Sadri|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sadri|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sadri|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sadri|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Sadri|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Sadri|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sadri|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sadri|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sadri|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Sadri|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sadri|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Sadri|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Sadri|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sadri|ह]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Sadri|ड़]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Sadri|ढ़]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Sadri|क्ष]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|hi|author=Toby Anderson|year=2020|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/sadri/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=sck&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|publisher=SIL International|work=Sadri Dictionary}} *{{Chú thích web|sck|author=Beyond Translation|work=सादरी नवाँ नियम|year=2026|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3683/REV.1.SCK}} =={{langname|sat}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ol Chiki | [[ᱳ#Tiếng_Santal|ᱳ]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Santal|ও]] |- ! Oriya | [[ଓ#Tiếng_Santal|ଓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sat|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sat|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Santal, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|sat|'''ओ'''द|tr='''o'''da|[[ẩm]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Santal'') [[अ#Tiếng_Santal|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Santal|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Santal|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Santal|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Santal|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Santal|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Santal|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Santal|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Santal|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Santal|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Santal|अँ]], [[इँ#Tiếng_Santal|इँ]], [[उँ#Tiếng_Santal|उँ]], [[ऐं#Tiếng_Santal|ऐं]], [[औं#Tiếng_Santal|औं]], [[क#Tiếng_Santal|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Santal|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Santal|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Santal|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Santal|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Santal|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Santal|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Santal|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Santal|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Santal|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Santal|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Santal|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Santal|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Santal|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Santal|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Santal|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Santal|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Santal|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Santal|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Santal|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Santal|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Santal|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Santal|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Santal|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Santal|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Santal|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Santal|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Santal|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Santal|ल]], [[स#Tiếng_Santal|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Santal|ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Santal|व]] =={{langname|skr}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ả Rập | [[او#Tiếng_Saraiki|او]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Gurmukhi | [[ਓ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ਓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|skr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|skr|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Saraiki, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Saraiki'') [[अ#Tiếng_Saraiki|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Saraiki|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Saraiki|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Saraiki|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Saraiki|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Saraiki|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Saraiki|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Saraiki|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Saraiki|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Saraiki|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Saraiki|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Saraiki|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ङ]], [[ॻ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॻ]], [[च#Tiếng_Saraiki|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Saraiki|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Saraiki|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Saraiki|झ]], [[ॼ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॼ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Saraiki|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Saraiki|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Saraiki|ण]], [[ट्र#Tiếng_Saraiki|ट्र]], [[ड्र#Tiếng_Saraiki|ड्र]], [[ढ्र#Tiếng_Saraiki|ढ्र]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Saraiki|ड़]], [[ढ़़#Tiếng_Saraiki|ढ़़]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॾ]], [[ॾ़#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॾ़]], [[त#Tiếng_Saraiki|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Saraiki|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Saraiki|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Saraiki|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Saraiki|न]], [[न्ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|न्ह]], [[प#Tiếng_Saraiki|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Saraiki|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Saraiki|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Saraiki|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Saraiki|म]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ॿ]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|म्ह]], [[य#Tiếng_Saraiki|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Saraiki|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Saraiki|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Saraiki|व]], [[ऱ#Tiếng_Saraiki|ऱ]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|ल्ह]], [[श#Tiếng_Saraiki|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Saraiki|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Saraiki|ह]] =={{langname|saz}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Saurashtra | [[ꢏ#Tiếng_Saurashtra|ꢏ]] |- ! Tamil | [[ஒ#Tiếng_Saurashtra|ஒ]] |- ! Latinh | [[O#Tiếng_Saurashtra|O]] [[o#Tiếng_Saurashtra|o]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|saz|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|saz|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Saurashtra, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|saz|'''ओ'''गुनवीस|tr='''o'''gunavīs|[[mười chín]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|saz|author=Bible Society of India|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3666/MAT.2|entry=மத்தேயு 2|work=Saurashtra Bible (BSI)|year=2025}} =={{langname|xsr}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|xsr|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|xsr|Chữ cái}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sherpa, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|xsr|'''ओ''', खोनक्‍पुतिवा, ख्‍यिराङ च्‍यिला ङला खोक्‍पा ल्‍हेवी?|Hỡi kẻ giả-hình, sao các ngươi thử ta? ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/22#22:18|Ma-thi-ơ 22:18]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sherpa'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sherpa|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sherpa|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sherpa|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sherpa|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sherpa|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sherpa|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sherpa|औ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|अँ]], [[आँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|आँ]], [[इँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|इँ]], [[उँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|उँ]], [[एँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|एँ]], [[ऐँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ऐँ]], [[ओँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ओँ]], [[औँ#Tiếng_Sherpa|औँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Sherpa|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sherpa|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sherpa|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ङ]], [[क्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|क्य]], [[ख्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ख्य]], [[ग्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ग्य]], [[च#Tiếng_Sherpa|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sherpa|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sherpa|ज]], [[च्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|च्य]], [[छ्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|छ्य]], [[ज्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ज्य]], [[ङ्य#Tiếng_Sherpa|ङ्य]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sherpa|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sherpa|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sherpa|ड]], [[त#Tiếng_Sherpa|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sherpa|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sherpa|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Sherpa|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sherpa|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sherpa|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sherpa|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Sherpa|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sherpa|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sherpa|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Sherpa|ह्र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sherpa|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Sherpa|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Sherpa|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sherpa|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Sherpa|स]], [[श़#Tiếng_Sherpa|श़]], [[स़#Tiếng_Sherpa|स़]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sherpa|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|xsr|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/1337/MAT.22.XSRNT|entry=मत्ती 22|year=2014|work=कोन्छ्‌योककी सुङ}} =={{langname|scl}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|scl|[oː]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|scl|Chữ cái|tr=ō}} #Nguyên âm thứ 14 trong tiếng Shina, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Shina'') [[ॳ#Tiếng_Shina|ॳ]], [[ॴ#Tiếng_Shina|ॴ]], [[अ#Tiếng_Shina|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Shina|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Shina|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Shina|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Shina|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Shina|ऊ]], [[ऍ#Tiếng_Shina|ऍ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Shina|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Shina|ओ]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Shina|अँ]], [[क#Tiếng_Shina|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Shina|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Shina|ग]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Shina|ख़]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Shina|ग़]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Shina|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Shina|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Shina|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Shina|ज]], [[श#Tiếng_Shina|श]], [[श़#Tiếng_Shina|श़]], [[य#Tiếng_Shina|य]], [[च़#Tiếng_Shina|च़]], [[छ़#Tiếng_Shina|छ़]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Shina|ज़]], [[स#Tiếng_Shina|स]], [[ट#Tiếng_Shina|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Shina|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Shina|ड]], [[ण#Tiếng_Shina|ण]], [[ष#Tiếng_Shina|ष]], [[ष़#Tiếng_Shina|ष़]], [[त#Tiếng_Shina|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Shina|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Shina|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Shina|न]], [[र#Tiếng_Shina|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Shina|ल]], [[प#Tiếng_Shina|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Shina|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Shina|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Shina|म]], [[व#Tiếng_Shina|व]], [[ह#Tiếng_Shina|ह]] =={{langname|sd}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Ả Rập | [[و#Tiếng_Sindh|و]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Sindh | [[𑊸#Tiếng_Sindh|𑊸]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sd|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sd|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sindh, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sindh'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sindh|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sindh|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sindh|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sindh|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sindh|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sindh|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sindh|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sindh|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sindh|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sindh|औ]], [[क#Tiếng_Sindh|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sindh|ख]], [[ख़#Tiếng_Sindh|ख़]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sindh|ग]], [[ॻ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॻ]], [[ग़#Tiếng_Sindh|ग़]], [[घ#Tiếng_Sindh|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Sindh|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Sindh|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sindh|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sindh|ज]], [[ॼ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॼ]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Sindh|ज़]], [[झ#Tiếng_Sindh|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Sindh|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sindh|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sindh|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sindh|ड]], [[ॾ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॾ]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Sindh|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Sindh|ढ]], [[ढ़#Tiếng_Sindh|ढ़]], [[ण#Tiếng_Sindh|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Sindh|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sindh|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sindh|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Sindh|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Sindh|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sindh|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sindh|फ]], [[फ़#Tiếng_Sindh|फ़]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sindh|ब]], [[ॿ#Tiếng_Sindh|ॿ]], [[भ#Tiếng_Sindh|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Sindh|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sindh|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sindh|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sindh|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Sindh|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sindh|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Sindh|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Sindh|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sindh|ह]] =={{langname|srx}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|srx|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|srx|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Sirmaur, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|srx|नु'''ओ'''|tr=nu'''o'''|[[mới]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Sirmaur'') [[अ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Sirmaur|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Sirmaur|अः]], [[क#Tiếng_Sirmaur|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|घ]], [[गं#Tiếng_Sirmaur|गं]], [[च#Tiếng_Sirmaur|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ड]], [[ड़#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ड़]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Sirmaur|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Sirmaur|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Sirmaur|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Sirmaur|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Sirmaur|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Sirmaur|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Sirmaur|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Sirmaur|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Sirmaur|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Sirmaur|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Sirmaur|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Sirmaur|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|srx|author=Beyond Translation|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3253/REV.1.SRXNT|entry=प्रकाशितवाक्य 1|work=सिरमौरी नौवाँ नियम|year=2025}} =={{langname|sjp}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Bengal | [[ও#Tiếng_Surjapur|ও]] |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Kaithi | [[𑂋#Tiếng_Surjapur|𑂋]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|sjp|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|sjp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ cái thứ 6 trong bảng chữ cái Devanagari tiếng Surjapur. #:{{ux|sjp|'''ओ'''कार|tr='''o'''kāra|[[đuốc]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *{{letters|lang=sjp|sc=Deva|qual=Chữ Devanagari tiếng Surjapur|अ|आ|इ|उ|ए|ओ|क|ख|ग|घ|च|छ|ज|झ|ट|ठ|ड|ढ|त|थ|द|ध|न|प|फ|ब|भ|म|र|ल|श|ष|ह}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Toby Anderson|work=Surjapuri – Bengali Dictionary|year=2020|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/surjapuri/browse/browse-vernacular-english/?key=sjp&letter=%E0%A6%93|entry=ও}} *{{Chú thích sách|sjp|author=Nav Bharat Mission|title=New Testament in Surjapuri (बाइबिल, सुरजापुरी)|year=2017|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/newtestament-surjapuri/page/n1|page=1}} =={{langname|taj}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|taj|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|taj|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Tamang Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|taj|'''ओ'''ब|tr='''o'''b|[[s:Áp-đia|Áp-đia]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Tamang Đông'') [[अ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ई]], [[इः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अँ]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अ्य]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|अ्व]], [[क#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|घ]]([[ग़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ग़]]), [[ङ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ज]], [[ट#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ढ]]([[ड़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ड़]]), [[त#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|न]], [[न्ह(ऩ)#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|न्ह(ऩ)]], [[प#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|भ]]([[ब़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ब़]]), [[म#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|म्ह]]([[म़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|म़]]), [[य#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|य्ह]]([[य़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|य़]]), [[र#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ह्र]]([[ऱ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ऱ]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ल्ह]]([[ल़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ल़]]), [[व#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|व्ह]]([[व़#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|व़]]), [[ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|स]], [[स्ह(स़)#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|स्ह(स़)]], [[ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Tamang_Đông|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|taj|author=Eastern Tamang Language Team|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/1177/OBA.1.TAJ|entry=ओब 1|year=2011|publisher=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|work=परमेश्वरला बचन छार कबुल}} =={{langname|tge}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|tge|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|tge|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Tamang Gorkha Đông, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Tamang Gorkha Đông'') [[अ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ई]], [[इः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अँ]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अ्य]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|अ्व]], [[क#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|घ]]([[ग़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ग़]]), [[ङ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ज]], [[ट#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ढ]]([[ड़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ड़]]), [[त#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|न]], [[न्ह(ऩ)#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|न्ह(ऩ)]], [[प#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|भ]]([[ब़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ब़]]), [[म#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|म्ह]]([[म़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|म़]]), [[य#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|य्ह]]([[य़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|य़]]), [[र#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ह्र]]([[ऱ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ऱ]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ल्ह]]([[ल़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ल़]]), [[व#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|व्ह]]([[व़#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|व़]]), [[ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|स]], [[स्ह(स़)#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|स्ह(स़)]], [[ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Tamang_Gorkha_Đông|ज्ञ]] =={{langname|tdg}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Tạng | [[ཨོ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ཨོ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|tdg|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|tdg|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 12 trong tiếng Tamang Tây, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|tdg|'''ओ'''नछ्‍यङ|tr='''o'''nachyaṅ|[[nghèo]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Tamang Tây'') [[अ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अ]], [[अः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अः]], [[आ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|आ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|आः]], [[इ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ई]], [[इः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|इः]], [[उ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|उ]], [[उः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|उः]], [[ए#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ए]], [[एः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|एः]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ओ]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ओः]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अँ]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अ्य]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|अ्व]], [[क#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|घ]]([[ग़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ग़]]), [[ङ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ङ]], [[ङ़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ङ़]], [[च#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ज]], [[ट#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ढ]]([[ड़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ड़]]), [[त#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|न]], [[न्ह(ऩ)#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|न्ह(ऩ)]], [[प#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|भ]]([[ब़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ब़]]), [[म#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|म]], [[म्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|म्ह]]([[म़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|म़]]), [[य#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|य]], [[य्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|य्ह]]([[य़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|य़]]), [[र#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|र]], [[ह्र#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ह्र]]([[ऱ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ऱ]]), [[ल#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ल्ह]]([[ल़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ल़]]), [[व#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|व]], [[व्ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|व्ह]]([[व़#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|व़]]), [[ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|स]], [[स्ह(स़)#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|स्ह(स़)]], [[ह#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ह]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Tamang_Tây|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Mother Tongue Center Nepal|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/wtamang/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=tdg&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ|year=2017|publisher=SIL International®|work=Western Tamang Dictionary}} =={{langname|vav}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Varli|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|vav|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|vav|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Varli, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Varli'') [[अ#Varli|अ]], [[आ#Varli|आ]], [[इ#Varli|इ]], [[ई#Varli|ई]], [[उ#Varli|उ]], [[ऊ#Varli|ऊ]], [[ए#Varli|ए]], [[ऐ#Varli|ऐ]], [[ओ#Varli|ओ]], [[औ#Varli|औ]], [[अं#Varli|अं]], [[अः#Varli|अः]], [[ॲ#Varli|ॲ]], [[ऑ#Varli|ऑ]], [[क#Varli|क]], [[ख#Varli|ख]], [[ग#Varli|ग]], [[घ#Varli|घ]], [[ङ#Varli|ङ]], [[च#Varli|च]], [[छ#Varli|छ]], [[ज#Varli|ज]], [[झ#Varli|झ]], [[ञ#Varli|ञ]], [[ट#Varli|ट]], [[ठ#Varli|ठ]], [[ड#Varli|ड]], [[ढ#Varli|ढ]], [[ण#Varli|ण]], [[त#Varli|त]], [[थ#Varli|थ]], [[द#Varli|द]], [[ध#Varli|ध]], [[न#Varli|न]], [[प#Varli|प]], [[फ#Varli|फ]], [[ब#Varli|ब]], [[भ#Varli|भ]], [[म#Varli|म]], [[य#Varli|य]], [[र#Varli|र]], [[ल#Varli|ल]], [[व#Varli|व]], [[श#Varli|श]], [[ष#Varli|ष]], [[स#Varli|स]], [[ह#Varli|ह]], [[ळ#Varli|ळ]], [[क्ष#Varli|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Varli|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Abraham, G.; Abraham, Hemalatha|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/14/75/93/1475937409474978221737387197924835991/LCDD_20_2012_Abraham_Varli_Phonological_Grammar_Sketches.pdf Varli Phonology and Grammar Sketches]|publisher=SIL International|year=2012|location=Dallas, Texas}} =={{langname|vas}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Gujarat | [[ઓ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ઓ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|vas|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|vas|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Vasavi, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{quote|vas|तांहांअ राजांय तीया '''ओ'''मोलदाराल हादीन आख्यों, ‘'''ओ''' खाराब सोबावावाला '''ओ'''मोलदार! तुंयुं मांन कालावाला केअया तीयाअ लीदे मांयुं तोअ बादों लेणों माफ केअयों।|tr=tānhā̃a rājā̃ya tīyā '''o'''moladārāl hādīna ākhyō̃, “'''o''' khārāba sobāvāvālā '''o'''moladār! tũyũ mā̃na kālāvālā keayā tīyāa līde mā̃yũ toa bādō̃ lēṇō̃ māf keayō̃.|Chủ bèn đòi đầy-tớ ấy đến mà nói rằng: Hỡi đầy-tớ độc-ác kia, ta đã tha hết nợ cho ngươi, vì ngươi cầu-xin ta; ([[s:Ma-thi-ơ/18#18:32|Ma-thi-ơ 18:32]])}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Vasavi'') [[अ#Tiếng_Vasavi|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Vasavi|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Vasavi|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Vasavi|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Vasavi|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Vasavi|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Vasavi|औ]], [[अं#Tiếng_Vasavi|अं]], [[अः#Tiếng_Vasavi|अः]], [[ॲ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ॲ]], [[ऑ #Tiếng_Vasavi|ऑ ]], [[क#Tiếng_Vasavi|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Vasavi|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Vasavi|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Vasavi|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Vasavi|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Vasavi|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Vasavi|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Vasavi|झ]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Vasavi|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Vasavi|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ढ]], [[ण#Tiếng_Vasavi|ण]], [[त#Tiếng_Vasavi|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Vasavi|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Vasavi|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Vasavi|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Vasavi|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Vasavi|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Vasavi|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Vasavi|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Vasavi|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Vasavi|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Vasavi|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Vasavi|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Vasavi|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Vasavi|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Vasavi|श]], [[ष#Tiếng_Vasavi|ष]], [[स#Tiếng_Vasavi|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Vasavi|ह]], [[ळ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ळ]], [[क्ष#Tiếng_Vasavi|क्ष]], [[ज्ञ#Tiếng_Vasavi|ज्ञ]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|vas|author=Vasavi Boli|entryurl=https://media.ipsapps.org/vas/osa/bible/khan/01-MAT-018.html|entry=माथी 18|work=Vasavi Khandesi Bible|year=2024}} =={{langname|wbq}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Devanagari | '''ओ''' |- ! Telugu | [[ఒ#Tiếng_Waddar|ఒ]] |- ! Kannada | [[ಒ#Tiếng_Waddar|ಒ]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|wbq|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|wbq|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Chữ Devanagari biểu thị nguyên âm '''/o/''' trong tiếng Waddar. #:{{quote|wbq|आबाड स्वता अधिकारला काळ इंगा वेळ फेटीनाळ आइ '''ओ'''ळखास्काम मी तीकुड लेद.|tr=Ābāḍ svatā adhikārālā kāḷ iṅgā vēḷ pheṭīnāḷ āi '''o'''ḷakhāskāmī tīkūḍa lēda.|Kỳ-hạn và ngày-giờ mà Cha đã tự quyền định lấy, ấy là việc các ngươi chẳng nên biết. ([[s:Công vụ các Sứ đồ/1#1:7|Công vụ các Sứ đồ 1:7]])}} ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|wbq|author=Bridge Connectivity Solutions Pvt. Ltd.|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3979/ACT.1.WRR|entry=प्रेषित 1|work=वडार|year=2026}} =={{langname|wme}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|wme|[o]|[ɔ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|wme|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 9 trong tiếng Wambule, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Wambule'') [[अ#Tiếng_Wambule|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Wambule|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Wambule|इ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Wambule|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Wambule|उ]], [[ऊ#Tiếng_Wambule|ऊ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Wambule|ए]], [[ऐ#Tiếng_Wambule|ऐ]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Wambule|ओ]], [[औ#Tiếng_Wambule|औ]], [[अ्व#Tiếng_Wambule|अ्व]], [[अ्य#Tiếng_Wambule|अ्य]], [[क#Tiếng_Wambule|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Wambule|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Wambule|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Wambule|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Wambule|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Wambule|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Wambule|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Wambule|ज]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Wambule|ञ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Wambule|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Wambule|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Wambule|ड]], [[ड्अ#Tiếng_Wambule|ड्अ]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Wambule|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Wambule|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Wambule|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Wambule|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Wambule|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Wambule|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Wambule|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Wambule|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Wambule|ब]], [[ब्‍‍अ#Tiếng_Wambule|ब्‍‍अ]], [[भ#Tiếng_Wambule|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Wambule|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Wambule|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Wambule|र]], [[ऱ्व#Tiếng_Wambule|ऱ्व]], [[ऱ्य#Tiếng_Wambule|ऱ्य]], [[ल#Tiếng_Wambule|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Wambule|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Wambule|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Wambule|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Wambule|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|wme|entry=प्रकाश १|work=[https://media.ipsapps.org/wme/osa/bible/#/text Wambule Bible]|year=2025}} =={{langname|nnp}}== {| class="floatright wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! Wancho | [[𞋕#Tiếng_Wancho|𞋕]] |- ! Devanagari | {{pn}} |- ! Latinh | [[O#Tiếng_Wancho|O]] [[o#Tiếng_Wancho|o]] |- |} ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|nnp|[ɔ]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|nnp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Wancho, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|nnp|'''ओ'''म|tr={{l|nnp|'''𞋕'''𞋘}}|[[gia nhập]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Wancho'') [[अ#Tiếng_Wancho|अ]], [[ई#Tiếng_Wancho|ई]], [[उ#Tiếng_Wancho|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Wancho|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Wancho|ओ]], [[ओँ#Tiếng_Wancho|ओँ]], [[एँ#Tiếng_Wancho|एँ]], [[आँ#Tiếng_Wancho|आँ]], [[अउ#Tiếng_Wancho|अउ]], [[ऊँ#Tiếng_Wancho|ऊँ]], [[अङ्#Tiếng_Wancho|अङ्]], [[आं#Tiếng_Wancho|आं]], [[ईङ्#Tiếng_Wancho|ईङ्]], [[ओं#Tiếng_Wancho|ओं]], [[यीः#Tiếng_Wancho|यीः]], [[क#Tiếng_Wancho|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Wancho|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Wancho|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Wancho|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Wancho|च]], [[ज#Tiếng_Wancho|ज]], [[ञ#Tiếng_Wancho|ञ]], [[त#Tiếng_Wancho|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Wancho|थ]], [[त्र#Tiếng_Wancho|त्र]], [[द#Tiếng_Wancho|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Wancho|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Wancho|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Wancho|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Wancho|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Wancho|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Wancho|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Wancho|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Wancho|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Wancho|व]], [[श#Tiếng_Wancho|श]], [[स#Tiếng_Wancho|स]], [[च्ष#Tiếng_Wancho|च्ष]]/ [[च्स#Tiếng_Wancho|च्स]], [[थ्ल#Tiếng_Wancho|थ्ल]], [[ह#Tiếng_Wancho|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|en|author=Living Dictionaries|entryurl=https://livingdictionaries.app/wancho/entries?q=%7B%22query%22%3A%22%F0%9E%8B%95%22%7D|entry=𞋕|work=Wancho|year=2025}} =={{langname|ybh}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ybh|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ybh|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Yakkha, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ybh|'''ओ'''कोम्‍फु|tr='''o'''kōmphu|[[ngực]]|inline=1}} ==={{ĐM|see}}=== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Yakkha'') [[आ#Tiếng_Yakkha|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Yakkha|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Yakkha|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Yakkha|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ओ]], [[ॽ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ॽ]], [[क#Tiếng_Yakkha|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Yakkha|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Yakkha|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Yakkha|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Yakkha|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Yakkha|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Yakkha|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Yakkha|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Yakkha|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Yakkha|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Yakkha|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Yakkha|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Yakkha|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Yakkha|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Yakkha|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Yakkha|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Yakkha|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Yakkha|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Yakkha|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Yakkha|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Yakkha|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Yakkha|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Yakkha|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Yakkha|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Yakkha|व]], [[ह्व#Tiếng_Yakkha|ह्व]], [[स#Tiếng_Yakkha|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Yakkha|ह]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Jiban Yakkha|work=Yakkha – Nepali – English Dictionary|year=2015|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/yakkha/en/browse/browse-vernacular-nepali/?key=ybh&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|ybi}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|ybi|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|ybi|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 5 trong tiếng Yamphu, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|ybi|'''ओ'''क्‍ठिक|tr='''o'''kṭhika|[[nòng nọc]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Yamphu'') [[अ#Tiếng_Yamphu|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Yamphu|आ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Yamphu|ए]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Yamphu|ए़]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ओ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Yamphu|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Yamphu|उ]], [[आः#Tiếng_Yamphu|आः]], [[एः#Tiếng_Yamphu|एः]], [[ए़:#Tiếng_Yamphu|ए़:]], [[ओः#Tiếng_Yamphu|ओः]], [[इः#Tiếng_Yamphu|इः]], [[उः#Tiếng_Yamphu|उः]], [[क#Tiếng_Yamphu|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Yamphu|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Yamphu|ग]], [[घ#Tiếng_Yamphu|घ]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ङ]], [[च#Tiếng_Yamphu|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Yamphu|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Yamphu|ज]], [[झ#Tiếng_Yamphu|झ]], [[ट#Tiếng_Yamphu|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Yamphu|ड]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ढ]], [[त#Tiếng_Yamphu|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Yamphu|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Yamphu|द]], [[ध#Tiếng_Yamphu|ध]], [[न#Tiếng_Yamphu|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Yamphu|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Yamphu|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Yamphu|ब]], [[भ#Tiếng_Yamphu|भ]], [[म#Tiếng_Yamphu|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Yamphu|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Yamphu|र]], [[ल#Tiếng_Yamphu|ल]], [[व#Tiếng_Yamphu|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Yamphu|स]], [[ह#Tiếng_Yamphu|ह]], [[ॽ#Tiếng_Yamphu|ॽ]] ==={{ĐM|adv}}=== {{head|ybi|Phó từ|tr=o}} #[[xa|Xa]] ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích web|author=Yamphu Kirat Society|work=Yamphu - Nepali – English Dictionary|year=2019|publisher=SIL International|entryurl=https://www.webonary.org/yamphu/en/browse/browse-yamphu-nepali/?key=ybi&letter=%E0%A4%93|entry=ओ}} =={{langname|scp}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== *{{IPA4|scp|[o]}} ==={{ĐM|letter}}=== {{head|scp|Chữ cái|tr=o}} #Nguyên âm thứ 6 trong tiếng Yolmo, viết bằng chữ Devanagari. #:{{ux|scp|'''ओ'''म|tr='''o'''m|[[lỗ]], [[hố]]|inline=1}} ===={{ĐM|see}}==== *(''Chữ Devanagari tiếng Yolmo'') [[अ#Tiếng_Yolmo|अ]], [[आ#Tiếng_Yolmo|आ]], [[इ#Tiếng_Yolmo|इ]], [[उ#Tiếng_Yolmo|उ]], [[ए#Tiếng_Yolmo|ए]], [[ओ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ओ]], [[अ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|अ़]], [[आ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|आ़]], [[ई़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ई़]], [[ऊ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ऊ़]], [[ए़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ए़]], [[ओ़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ओ़]], [[अँ#Tiếng_Yolmo|अँ]], [[अˑ#Tiếng_Yolmo|अˑ]], [[क#Tiếng_Yolmo|क]], [[ख#Tiếng_Yolmo|ख]], [[ग#Tiếng_Yolmo|ग]], [[ङ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ङ]], [[क्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|क्य]], [[ख्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ख्य]], [[ग्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ग्य]], [[च#Tiếng_Yolmo|च]], [[छ#Tiếng_Yolmo|छ]], [[ज#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज]], [[ज़#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज़]], [[ङ्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ङ्य]], [[च्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|च्य]], [[छ्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|छ्य]], [[ज्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज्य]], [[ज़्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|ज़्य]], [[ट#Tiếng_Yolmo|ट]], [[ठ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ठ]], [[ड#Tiếng_Yolmo|ड]], [[त#Tiếng_Yolmo|त]], [[थ#Tiếng_Yolmo|थ]], [[द#Tiếng_Yolmo|द]], [[न#Tiếng_Yolmo|न]], [[प#Tiếng_Yolmo|प]], [[फ#Tiếng_Yolmo|फ]], [[ब#Tiếng_Yolmo|ब]], [[म#Tiếng_Yolmo|म]], [[य#Tiếng_Yolmo|य]], [[र#Tiếng_Yolmo|र]], [[ऱ्ह#Tiếng_Yolmo|ऱ्ह]], [[ल#Tiếng_Yolmo|ल]], [[ल्ह#Tiếng_Yolmo|ल्ह]], [[व#Tiếng_Yolmo|व]], [[स#Tiếng_Yolmo|स]], [[स्य#Tiếng_Yolmo|स्य]], [[ह#Tiếng_Yolmo|ह]], [[घ#Tiếng_Yolmo|घ]], [[ढ#Tiếng_Yolmo|ढ]], [[ध#Tiếng_Yolmo|ध]], [[श#Tiếng_Yolmo|श]] ==={{ĐM|intj}}=== {{head|scp|Thán từ|tr=o}} #Thể hiện đồng ý: dạ, vâng. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== *{{Chú thích sách|en|author=Anna Maria Hari & Chhegu Lama|title=[https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/20/68/76/20687635068490737809780070500342314186/Long_Dictionary.pdf ह्योल्मो-नेपाली-अँग्रेजी]|year=2004|publisher=Central Department of Linguistics, Tribhuvan University|page=35}} *{{Chú thích web|scp|entryurl=https://www.bible.com/bible/3545/MAT.18.HYLM|entry=मत्ती 18|author=Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc.|year=2023|work=ह्योल्‍मो}} [[Thể loại:Khối ký tự Devanagari|13]] 9c3lmprymjj9zqgdblv9pyxtelk13t7 Filippyne 0 421477 2573548 2026-10-25T23:24:02Z Hiyuune 50834 /* */ 2573548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|filippyne}} =={{langname|af}}== {{wp|af:}} ==={{section|alt}}=== * {{alt|af|Filipyne||từ sai chính tả}} ==={{section|pron}}=== * {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-Filippyne.wav}} ==={{section|pr-noun}}=== {{af-proper noun|head=die Filippyne}} # {{tcl|af|Philippines|id=Q928|place_capital=af:Manila}} #: {{syn|af|Filippynse Eilande<q:quần đảo>}} ===={{section|rel}}==== * {{l|af|Filippyn}} * {{l|af|Filippyner}} * {{l|af|Filippyns}} ==={{section|n}}=== {{head|af|Biến thể hình thái danh từ}} # {{plural of|af|Filippyn}} ===See also=== * {{l|af|Filippense}} j1so39qdtja0u21z7xh0tzh4yacj3v1 Mô đun:hnn-pronunciation 828 421478 2573551 2026-10-26T02:21:10Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “-- Based on [[Module:es-pronunc]] by Benwing2. -- Adaptation by TagaSanPedroAko, Improved by Ysrael214. -- Partly rewritten by Benwing2, merging code from [[Module:es-pronunc]] back into this module; {{tl-pr}} restructured -- to take inline modifiers, like {{es-pr}} -- Modified for {{hnn-pr}}. local export = {} local force_cat = false -- enable for testing local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local m_table = requi…” 2573551 Scribunto text/plain -- Based on [[Module:es-pronunc]] by Benwing2. -- Adaptation by TagaSanPedroAko, Improved by Ysrael214. -- Partly rewritten by Benwing2, merging code from [[Module:es-pronunc]] back into this module; {{tl-pr}} restructured -- to take inline modifiers, like {{es-pr}} -- Modified for {{hnn-pr}}. local export = {} local force_cat = false -- enable for testing local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA") local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local m_table = require("Module:table") local accent_qualifier_module = "Module:accent qualifier" local audio_module = "Module:audio" local headword_data_module = "Module:headword/data" local hyphenation_module = "Module:hyphenation" local labels_module = "Module:labels" local parse_utilities_module = "Module:parse utilities" local pron_utilities_module = "Module:pron utilities" local rhymes_module = "Module:rhymes" local set_utilities_module = "Module:set utilities" local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("hnn") local rfind = m_str_utils.find local rsubn = m_str_utils.gsub local rsplit = m_str_utils.split local toNFC = mw.ustring.toNFC local toNFD = mw.ustring.toNFD local u = m_str_utils.char local ulen = m_str_utils.len local ulower = m_str_utils.lower local unpack = unpack or table.unpack -- Lua 5.2 compatibility local AC = u(0x0301) -- acute = ́ local GR = u(0x0300) -- grave = ̀ local CFLEX = u(0x0302) -- circumflex = ̂ local TILDE = u(0x0303) -- tilde = ̃ local DIA = u(0x0308) -- diaeresis = ̈ local MACRON = u(0x0304) -- macron = ̄ local vowel = "aeëəiou" -- vowel local V = "[" .. vowel .. "]" local NV = "[^" .. vowel .. "]" local accent = AC .. GR .. CFLEX .. MACRON local accent_c = "[" .. accent .. "]" local ipa_stress = "ˈˌ" local ipa_stress_c = "[" .. ipa_stress .. "]" local separator = accent .. ipa_stress .. "# .-" local C = "[^" .. vowel .. separator .. "]" -- consonant local unstressed_words = m_table.listToSet {} local unstressed_affixes = m_table.listToSet {} local special_words = {} local function track(page) require("Module:debug/track")("hnn-pronunciation/" .. page) return true end -- version of rsubn() that discards all but the first return value local function rsub(term, foo, bar) local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval end -- apply rsub() repeatedly until no change local function rsub_repeatedly(term, foo, bar) while true do local new_term = rsub(term, foo, bar) if new_term == term then return term end term = new_term end end local function decompose(text, recompose_e_dia) -- decompose everything but ñ and ü text = toNFD(text) text = rsub(text, ".[" .. TILDE .. DIA .. "]", { ["n" .. TILDE] = "ñ", ["N" .. TILDE] = "Ñ", ["u" .. DIA] = "ü", ["U" .. DIA] = "Ü", }) if recompose_e_dia then text = rsub(text, ".[" .. DIA .. "]", { ["e" .. DIA] = "ë", ["E" .. DIA] = "Ë", }) end return text end local function remove_accents(str) str = decompose(str, "recompose e-dia") str = rsub(str, "(.)" .. accent_c, "%1") return str end local function split_on_comma(term) if term:find(",%s") then return require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma(term) else return rsplit(term, ",") end end -- ĵ, ɟ and ĉ are used internally to represent [d͡ʒ], [j] and [t͡ʃ] -- function export.IPA(text, include_phonemic_syllable_boundaries) local debug = {} text = ulower(text) text = decompose(text, "recompose e-dia") -- convert commas and en/en dashes to IPA foot boundaries text = rsub(text, "%s*[,–—]%s*", " | ") -- question mark or exclamation point in the middle of a sentence -> IPA foot boundary text = rsub(text, "([^%s])%s*[!?]%s*([^%s])", "%1 | %2") -- canonicalize multiple spaces and remove leading and trailing spaces local function canon_spaces(text) text = rsub(text, "%s+", " ") text = rsub(text, "^ ", "") text = rsub(text, " $", "") return text end text = canon_spaces(text) -- Make prefixes unstressed unless they have an explicit stress marker; also make certain monosyllabic words (e.g. -- [[ang]], [[ng]], [[si]], [[na]], etc.) without stress marks be unstressed. We want to do this in most cases as -- well with hyphenated compounds, e.g. [[bato-sa-rinyon]] and [[kalahatian-ng-buwan]]. To do this, we use a -- capturing split on space or hyphen; in this situation, the actual words are at odd positions, and the separators -- (always a single space or hyphen) are at even positions. local words = rsplit(text, "([ %-])") local function make_unstressed(word) -- add macron to the last vowel not the first one, in case of affixes with qui/que/gui/gue (which don't -- currently exist) return rsub(word, "^(.*" .. V .. ")", "%1" .. MACRON) end local function signal_no_initial_glottal_stop(word) return rsub(word, "^(" .. V .. ")", "◌%1") end for i=1, #words do if i % 2 == 1 then -- a word, not a hyphen or space if words[i - 1] == "-" and (not words[i - 2] or words[i - 2] == "" and words[i - 3] ~= "-") and words[i + 1] ~= "-" then -- a suffix if unstressed_affixes["-" .. words[i]] then words[i] = make_unstressed(words[i]) end words[i] = signal_no_initial_glottal_stop(words[i]) elseif words[i + 1] == "-" and (not words[i + 2] or words[i + 2] == "" and words[i + 3] ~= "-") and words[i - 1] ~= "-" then -- a prefix if not rfind(words[i], accent_c) then -- an unstressed prefix words[i] = make_unstressed(words[i]) end elseif words[i + 1] == "-" and (not words[i + 2] or words[i + 2] == "" and words[i + 3] ~= "-") and words[i - 1] == "-" and (not words[i - 2] or words[i - 2] == "" and words[i - 3] ~= "-") then -- an interfix or infix if not rfind(words[i], accent_c) then -- an unstressed interfix or infix words[i] = make_unstressed(words[i]) end words[i] = signal_no_initial_glottal_stop(words[i]) else -- a space-delimited word or a word in a hyphen-delimited compound words[i] = special_words[words[i]] or words[i] if unstressed_words[words[i]] then words[i] = make_unstressed(words[i]) elseif words[i + 1] == "-" and (not words[i - 1] or words[i - 1] == " ") and -- e.g. 'mag-' in [[mag-post]] unstressed_affixes[words[i] .. "-"] then words[i] = make_unstressed(words[i]) end end end -- old code that I didn't port because I don't understand why it's being done; the purpose is to make suffixes -- and infixes with explicit initial glottal stop be unstressed, which seems a weird exception -- words[i] = rsub(words[i], "^%-([7ʔ])(" .. V .. ")", "-%1%2" .. MACRON) -- affix that requires glottal stop end text = table.concat(words, "") -- Convert hyphens to spaces text = rsub(text, "%-", " ") -- canonicalize multiple spaces again, which may have been introduced by hyphens text = canon_spaces(text) -- convert ending apostrophe to glottal stop text = rsub(text, "['] ", "7 ") text = rsub(text, "[']$", "7") -- now eliminate punctuation text = rsub(text, "[!?']", "") -- put # at word beginning and end and double ## at text/foot boundary beginning/end text = rsub(text, " | ", "# | #") text = "##" .. rsub(text, " ", "# #") .. "##" text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)#([.]?)", "#") table.insert(debug, text) -- handle certain combinations; ch ng and sh handling needs to go first text = rsub(text, "([t]?)ch", "ĉ") --not the real sound text = rsub(text, "([n]?)g̃", "ng") -- Spanish spelling support text = rsub(text, "ng", "ŋ") text = rsub(text, "sh", "sy") --x text = rsub(text, "([#])x(" .. V .. ")", "%1s%2") text = rsub(text, "x", "ks") --ll text = rsub(text, "ll([i]?)(".. V.. ")", "ly%2") --c, gü/gu+e or i, q text = rsub(text, "c([iey])", "s%1") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")gü([ie])", "%1ɡw%2") text = rsub(text, "gü([ie])", "ɡuw%1") text = rsub(text, "gui([aeëo])", "ɡy%1") text = rsub(text, "gu([ie])", "ɡ%1") text = rsub(text, "qu([ie])", "k%1") text = rsub(text, "ü", "u") text = rsub(text, "ë", "ə") --alphabet-to-phoneme text = rsub(text, "[cfgjñqrvz7]", --["g"]="ɡ": U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G → U+0261 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G { ["c"] = "k", ["f"] = "p", ["g"] = "ɡ", ["j"] = "ĵ", ["ñ"] = "ny", ["q"] = "k", ["r"] = "ɾ", ["v"] = "b", ["z"] = "s", ["7"] = "ʔ"}) -- trill in rr text = rsub(text, "[ɾ]+", "ɾ") text = rsub(text, "ɾ[.]ɾ", "r") -- ts text = rsub(text, "t_s", "ć") --not the real sound -- text = rsub(text, "ts", "ĉ") --not the real sound table.insert(debug, text) text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. NV .. ")([u])([" .. AC .. MACRON .. "]?)([aeio])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1%2%3.w%4%5") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. ")([u])([aeio])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1.w%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. ")([o])([aei])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1.w%3%4") text = rsub(text, "([i])([" .. AC .. MACRON .. "])([aeou])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1%2.y%3%4") text = rsub(text, "([i])([aeou])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","y%2%3") text = rsub(text, "a([".. AC .."]*)o([#.ʔ])","a%1w%2") -- eu rules text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([#])([e])([u])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1y%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. NV .. ")([e])([" .. AC .. MACRON .. "]?)([u])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1%2%3.%4%5") --determining whether "y" is a consonant or a vowel text = rsub(text, "y(" .. accent_c .. ")", "i%1") text = rsub(text, "y(" .. V .. ")", "ɟ%1") -- not the real sound text = rsub(text,"(" .. NV .. ")y([ˈˌ.]*)([bćĉdfɡhjĵklmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ#" .. vowel .. "])","%1i%2%3") text = rsub(text,"(" .. V .. ")y([ˈˌ.]*)([bćĉdfɡhjĵklmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ#" .. vowel .. "])","%1j%2%3") text = rsub(text, "w(" .. V .. ")","w%1") text = rsub(text,"(" .. NV .. ")w([ˈˌ]?)([bćĉdfɡjĵklmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ#])","%1u%2%3") -- Convert CV(wy)C pattern into diphthong text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)w(" .. NV .. ")([^lɾr" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2u%3%4") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)w([ĉdjĵlmnɲŋɾrstvwɟzʔ])([l" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2u%3%4") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)[jyɟ](" .. NV .. ")([^lɾr" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2i%3%4") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)[jyɟ]([ĉdjĵlmnɲŋɾrstvwɟzʔ])([l" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2i%3%4") --vowels with grave/circumflex to vowel+glottal stop text = rsub(text, CFLEX, AC .. GR) text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")([" .. AC .. "]?)" .. GR .. "([#" .. vowel .. "])", "%1%2ʔ%3") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")([" .. AC .. "]?)" .. GR, "%1%2") -- Add glottal stop for words starting with vowel text = rsub(text, "([#])(" .. V .. ")", "%1ʔ%2") text = rsub(text, "◌", "") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") -- "mb", "mp", "nd", "nk", "nt" combinations text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(m)([bp])([^hlɾrɟ" .. vowel .. separator .."])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(n)([dkt])([^hlɾrɟ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(n)([s])([^ɟ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(ŋ)([k])([^hlɾrɟ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([ɾr])([bćĉdfɡklmnpsʃvz])([^hlɾrɟ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([ɾr])([t])([sz]?)([^hlɾrɟsʃ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2%3.%4%5") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(s)([ktp])([^hlɾrɟ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. "+)(" .. C .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. ")(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. "+)(" .. C .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. C .. ")%.s(" .. C .. ")", "%1s.%2") -- Any aeo, or stressed iu, should be syllabically divided from a following aeo or stressed iu. text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeo]" .. accent_c .. "*)([aeo])", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeo]" .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. V .. AC .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub(text, "([iuə]" .. AC .. ")([aeo])", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([iuə]" .. AC .. ")(" .. V .. AC .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "i(" .. accent_c .. "*)i", "i%1.i") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "u(" .. accent_c .. "*)u", "u%1.u") table.insert(debug, text) local accent_to_stress_mark = { [AC] = "ˈ", [MACRON] = "" } local function accent_word(word, syllables) -- Now stress the word. If any accent exists in the word (including macron indicating an unaccented word), -- put the stress mark(s) at the beginning of the indicated syllable(s). Otherwise, apply the default -- stress rule. if rfind(word, accent_c) then for i = 1, #syllables do syllables[i] = rsub(syllables[i], "^(.*)(" .. accent_c .. ")(.*)$", function(pre, accent, post) return accent_to_stress_mark[accent] .. pre .. post end ) end else -- Default stress rule. Words without vowels (e.g. IPA foot boundaries) don't get stress. if #syllables > 1 and rfind(word, "[^aeiouəʔbcćĉdfɡghjɟĵklmnñɲŋpqrɾsʃtvwxz#]#") or #syllables == 1 and rfind(word, V) then syllables[#syllables] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables] elseif #syllables >= 2 then local vowel_find = false local stress_find = false for i=0, #syllables-1 do if rfind(syllables[#syllables - i], V) then if vowel_find then syllables[#syllables - i] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables - i] stress_find = true break end vowel_find = true end end if vowel_find and not stress_find then syllables[#syllables - 1] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables - 1] end end end end local words = rsplit(text, " ") for j, word in ipairs(words) do -- accentuation local syllables = rsplit(word, "%.") accent_word(word, syllables) -- Reconstruct the word. words[j] = table.concat(syllables, ".") end text = table.concat(words, " ") -- suppress syllable mark before IPA stress indicator text = rsub(text, "%.(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")", "%1") --make all primary stresses but the last one be secondary text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "ˈ(.+)ˈ", "ˌ%1ˈ") table.insert(debug,text) --correct final glottal stop placement text = rsub(text,"([ˈˌ])ʔ([#]*)([ʔbĉćdfɡhĵɟklmnŋɲpɾrsʃtvwz])(" .. V .. ")","%1%2%3%4ʔ") table.insert(debug, text) --Corrections for diphthongs text = rsub(text,"([aāeəiīouū])i","%1j") --ay text = rsub(text,"([aāeəiīouū])u","%1w") --aw table.insert(debug, text) text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "^([#]*)([ˈˌ])([#]*)", "%1%3%2") -- Move stress inside word boundary fix at start text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([ ])([#]*)([ˈˌ])([#]*)", "%1%2%4%3") -- Move stress inside word boundary fix at start local hnn_IPA_table = { ["phonetic"] = text, ["phonemic"] = text, ["raw"] = text } for key, value in pairs(hnn_IPA_table) do text = hnn_IPA_table[key] --phonetic transcription if key == "phonetic" then table.insert(debug, text) --remove "ɟ" and "w" inserted on vowel pair starting with "i" and "u" -- text = rsub(text,"([i])([ˈˌ]?)ɟ([aāeəouū])","%1%2%3") -- text = rsub(text,"([u])([ˈˌ]?)w([aāeəiī])","%1%2%3") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]+)", ".") text = rsub(text,"([nŋ])([ˈˌ# .]*[bfpv])","m%2") text = rsub(text,"([ŋ])([ˈˌ# .]*[dĵlstćĉz])","n%2") text = rsub(text,"([n])([ˈ ˌ# .]*[ɡk])","ŋ%2") -- /n/ before /k/ and /g/ (some proper nouns and loanwords) -- resuppress syllable mark before IPA stress indicator text = rsub(text, "([.]?)(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")([.]?)", "%2") table.insert(debug, text) --Change stresses before penultimate to have final syllable stress text = rsub_repeatedly(text,"[ˈˌ]([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeəīoū])([^# ˈˌ]*)" .. "([.][ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeīoūaəiu])([^# ˈˌ]*)" .. "[.]([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeīoūaəiu])([^# ˈˌ.]*)([# ])","ˌ%1%2%3%4ˈ%5%6%7") --If final syllable is stressed but so is penultimate, mark penultimate only text = rsub_repeatedly(text,"[ˌ]([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeəīoū])([^# .ˈˌ]*)" .. "([.]?[ˈˌ])([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?)([ā])([^# ˈˌ.]*)([# ])","ˈ%1%2.%4a%6%7") text = rsub_repeatedly(text,"[ˌ]([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeəīoū])([^# .ˈˌ]*)" .. "([.]?[ˈˌ])([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?)([eoə])([^# ˈˌ.]*)([# ])","ˈ%1%2.%4%5%6%7") text = rsub_repeatedly(text,"[ˌ]([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeəīoū])([^# .ˈˌ]*)" .. "([.]?[ˈˌ])([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?)([ī])([^# ˈˌ.]*)([# ])","ˈ%1%2.%4i%6%7") text = rsub_repeatedly(text,"[ˌ]([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?[āeəīoū])([^# .ˈˌ]*)" .. "([.]?[ˈˌ])([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?[ɟlnɾstw]?)([ū])([^# ˈˌ.]*)([# ])","ˈ%1%2.%4u%6%7") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "ˈ(.+)ˈ", "ˌ%1ˈ") -- Reset primary to secondary stresses if not on last word -- Add vowel length to stressed open vowels -- text = rsub_repeatedly(text,"([ˈˌ])([ʔbćĉdfɡɣhĵɟkxlmnɲŋpɾrɹsʃtwvzʒ]?)([ɟlnɾstw]?)([āeəīoū])([ˈˌ.])","%1%2%3%4ː%5") -- Hanunoo vowels text = rsub(text,"([a])([ˈˌ# .]*[mnŋ])","ɐ%2") -- before nasals text = rsub(text,"([ʔbćĉdfɡhĵɟklmnŋpɾrstvwz]?)([ɟlnɾstw]?)[a]([ʔbdfɡklmnŋpɾrstɟjw])([bdɡklmnpɾrst]?)","%1%2ɐ%3%4") text = rsub(text,"([ʔbćĉdfɡhĵɟklmnŋpɾrstvwz]?)([ɟlnɾstw]?)[i]([ʔbdfɡklmnŋpɾrstɟjw])([bdɡklmnpɾrst]?)","%1%2ɪ%3%4") text = rsub(text,"([ʔbćĉdfɡhĵɟklmnŋpɾrstvwz]?)([ɟlnɾstw]?)[o]([ˈˌ.])","%1%2u%3") text = rsub(text,"([ʔbćĉdfɡhĵɟklmnŋpɾrstvwz]?)([ɟlnɾstw]?)[u]([ʔbdfɡklmnŋpɾrstɟjw]*)([#])","%1%2o%3%4") elseif key == "phonemic" then text = rsub(text,"([n])([ˈˌ#.]?[ɡk])","ŋ%2") -- /n/ before /k/ and /g/ (some proper nouns and loanwords) if not include_phonemic_syllable_boundaries then text = rsub(text,"%.","") end text = rsub(text,"e","i") text = rsub(text,"o","u") text = rsub(text,"‿", " ") end table.insert(debug, text) -- convert fake symbols to real ones local final_conversions = { ["ĉ"] = "t͡ʃ", -- fake "ch" to real "ch" ["ć"] = "t͡s", -- fake "ts" to real "ts" ["ɟ"] = "j", -- fake "y" to real "y" ["ĵ"] = "d͡ʒ" -- fake "j" to real "j" } text = rsub(text, "[ć]([" .. separator .. "])", "ts%1") text = rsub(text, "[ĉćɟĵ]", final_conversions) -- Do not have multiple syllable break consecutively text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]+)", ".") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)(‿)([.]?)", "%2") -- remove # symbols at word and text boundaries text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)#([.]?)", "") -- resuppress syllable mark before IPA stress indicator text = rsub(text, "%.(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")", "%1") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")([.]?)", "%2") hnn_IPA_table[key] = canon_spaces(toNFC(text)) end return hnn_IPA_table end local function respelling_to_IPA(data) return ("/%s/ [%s]"):format(export.IPA(data.respelling, false).phonemic, export.IPA(data.respelling, true).phonetic) end function export.show(frame) local parent_args = frame:getParent().args return require(pron_utilities_module).format_prons { lang = lang, respelling_to_IPA = respelling_to_IPA, raw_args = parent_args, track_module = "hnn-pronunciation", } end local function parse_gloss(arg) local poses, gloss if arg:find("%^") then poses, gloss = arg:match("^(.-)%^(.*)$") if gloss == "" then gloss = nil end else gloss = arg end if poses then poses = split_on_comma(poses) local m_headword_data = mw.loadData(headword_data_module) for i, pos in ipairs(poses) do poses[i] = m_headword_data.pos_aliases[pos] or pos end end return { poses = poses, gloss = gloss, } end -- Parse a raw accent spec, which is one or more comma-separated accent qualifiers. local function parse_accents(arg) retval = require(labels_module).split_labels_on_comma(arg) return retval end -- Return the number of syllables of a phonemic or phonetic representation, which should have syllable dividers in it -- but no hyphens. local function get_num_syl_from_ipa(pron) -- Maybe we should just count vowels instead of the below code. pron = rsub(pron, "|", " ") -- remove IPA foot boundaries local words = rsplit(pron, " +") for i, word in ipairs(words) do -- IPA stress marks are syllable divisions if between characters; otherwise just remove. word = rsub(word, "(.)[ˌˈ](.)", "%1.%2") word = rsub(word, "[ˌˈ]", "") words[i] = word end -- There should be a syllable boundary between words. pron = table.concat(words, ".") return ulen(rsub(pron, "[^.]", "")) + 1 end -- Get the rhyme by truncating everything up through the last stress mark + any following consonants, and remove -- syllable boundary markers. local function convert_phonemic_to_rhyme(phonemic) -- NOTE: This works because the phonemic vowels are just [aeiou] possibly with diacritics that are separate -- Unicode chars. If we want to handle things like ɛ or ɔ we need to add them to `vowel`. phonemic = rsplit(phonemic, " ") phonemic = phonemic[#phonemic] return rsub(rsub(phonemic, ".*[ˌˈ]", ""), "^" .. NV .. "*", ""):gsub("%.", "") end local function split_syllabified_spelling(spelling) spelling = "#" .. spelling .. "#" spelling = rsub_repeatedly(spelling, "%.([ #])", "·%1") spelling = rsub_repeatedly(spelling, "#", "") spelling = rsplit(spelling, "%.") for key, value in ipairs(spelling) do spelling[key] = rsub_repeatedly(value, "·", ".") end return spelling end -- "Align" syllabified respelling `syllab` to original spelling `spelling` by matching character-by-character, allowing -- for extra syllable and accent markers in the syllabification and certain mismatches in the consonants. The goal is to -- produce the appropriately syllabified version of the original spelling (the pagename) by matching characters in the -- syllabified respelling to the original spelling, putting the syllable boundaries in the appropriate places in the -- original spelling. As an example, given syllabified respelling 'a.ma.7ín' and original spelling 'amain', we would -- like to produce 'a.ma.in'. -- -- If we encounter an extra syllable marker (.), we allow and keep it. If we encounter an extra accent marker in thes -- syllabification, we drop it. We allow for mismatches in capitalization and for certain other mismatches, e.g. extra -- glottal stops (written 7), h in respelling vs. g or j in the original, etc. If we can't match, we return nil -- indicating the alignment failed. local function align_syllabification_to_spelling(syllab, spelling) local result = {} local function concat_result() -- Postprocess to remove dots (syllable boundaries) next to hyphens. return (toNFC(table.concat(result)):gsub("%.%-", "-"):gsub("%-%.", "-")) end -- Remove glottal stop (7) from respelling to simplify the code below, because it's never found in the original -- spelling. (FIXME: We should do the same for diacritics, but they're currently removed earlier, in -- syllabify_from_spelling(). We should probably get rid of the removal there and put it here.) syllab = decompose(syllab:gsub("ː", ""), "recompose e-dia"):gsub("7", "") spelling = decompose(spelling, "recompose e-dia") local syll_chars = rsplit(ulower(syllab), "") local spelling_chars = rsplit(spelling, "") local i = 1 local j = 1 local function matches(uci, ucj) -- Return true if a syllabified respelling character (uci) matches the corresponding spelling char (ucj). -- Both uci and ucj should be lowercase. -- Sound is at the key, values are the letters sound can match local matching_chars = { ["e"] = {"i"}, ["ë"] = {"a", "e", "o", "u"}, ["h"] = {"g", "j", "x"}, ["i"] = {"e"}, ["j"] = {"g"}, ["k"] = {"j"}, ["o"] = {"u"}, ["s"] = {"j", "c", "x"}, ["u"] = {"o"}, ["w"] = {"u", "o"}, ["y"] = {"i"} } return uci == ucj or (matching_chars[uci] and m_table.contains(matching_chars[uci], ucj) and true) or false end local function silent_spelling_letter(ucj) return ucj == "h" or ucj == "'" or ucj == "-" end local function syll_at(pos) return syll_chars[pos] or "" end local function spell_at(pos) return spelling_chars[pos] or "" end local function uspell_at(pos) local c = spelling_chars[pos] return c and ulower(c) or "" end while i <= #syll_chars or j <= #spelling_chars do local uci = syll_at(i) local cj = spell_at(j) local ucj = uspell_at(j) if uci == "g" and syll_at(i - 1) == "n" and syll_at(i + 1) == "." and matches(syll_at(i + 2), ucj) and not matches(syll_at(i + 2), uspell_at(j + 1)) then -- As a special case, before checking whether the corresponding characters match, we have to skip an extra -- g in an -ng- sequence in the syllabified respelling if the corresponding spelling character matches the -- next respelling character (taking into account the syllable boundary). This is so that e.g. -- syll='ba.rang.gay' matches spelling='barangay'. Otherwise we will match the first respelling g against -- the spelling g and the second respelling g won't match. A similar case occurs with -- syll='E.vang.he.lis.ta' and spelling='Evangelista'. But we need an extra condition to not do this hack -- when syll='ba.rang.gay' matches spelling='baranggay'. i = i + 1 elseif uci == "g" and ucj == "g" and uspell_at(j + 1) == TILDE then table.insert(result, cj) table.insert(result, uspell_at(j + 1)) i = i + 1 j = j + 2 elseif matches(uci, ucj) then table.insert(result, cj) i = i + 1 j = j + 1 elseif ucj == uspell_at(j - 1) and uci == "." and ucj ~= syll_at(i + 1) then -- See below. We want to allow for a doubled letter in spelling that is pronounced single, and preserve the -- doubled letter. But it's tricky in the presence of syllable boundaries on both sides of the doubled -- letter as well as doubled letters pronounced double. Specifically, there are three possibilities, -- exemplified by: -- (1) syll='Mal.lig', spelling='Mallig' -> 'Mal.lig'; -- (2) syll='Ma.lig', spelling='Mallig' -> 'Ma.llig'; -- (3) syll='Wil.iam', spelling='William' -> 'Will.iam'. -- If we copy the dot first, we get (1) and (2) right but not (3). -- If we copy the double letter first, we get (2) and (3) right but not (1). -- We choose to copy the dot first except in the situation exemplified by (3), where we copy the doubled -- letter first. The condition above handles (3) (the doubled letter matches against a dot) while not -- interfering with (1) (where the doubled letter also matches against a dot but the next letter in the -- syllabification is the same as the doubled letter, because the doubled letter is pronounced double). table.insert(result, cj) j = j + 1 elseif silent_spelling_letter(ucj) and uci == "." and ucj ~= syll_at(i + 1) and not rfind(uspell_at(j + 1), V) then -- See below for silent h or apostrophe in spelling. This condition is parallel to the one directly above -- for silent doubled letters in spelling and handles the case of syllab='Abduramán', spelling='Abdurahman', -- which should be syllabified 'Ab.du.rah.man'. But we need a check to see that the next spelling character -- isn't a vowel, because in that case we want the silent letter to go after the period, e.g. -- syllab='Jumu7á', spelling='Jumu'ah' -> 'Ju.mu.'ah' (the 7 is removed above). table.insert(result, cj) j = j + 1 elseif uci == "." then table.insert(result, uci) i = i + 1 elseif ucj == uspell_at(j - 1) then -- A doubled letter in spelling that is pronounced single. Examples: -- * syllab='Ma.líg', spelling='Mallig' -> 'Ma.llig' (with l) -- * syllab='Lu.il.yér', spelling='Lhuillier' -> 'Lhu.ill.ier' (with l; a more complex example) -- * syllab='a.sa.la.mu a.lai.kum', spelling='assalamu alaikum' -> 'as.sa.la.mu a.lai.kum' (with s) -- * syllab='Jé.fer.son', spelling='Jefferson' -> 'Je.ffer.son' (with f) -- * syllab='Je.ma', spelling='Gemma' -> 'Ge.mma' (with m) -- * syllab='Ha.na', spelling='Hannah' -> 'Ha.nnah' (with n) -- * syllab='A.by', spelling='Abby' -> 'A.bby' (with b) -- * syllab='Ka.ba', spelling='Kaaba' -> 'Kaa.ba' (with a) -- * syllab='Fu.ji', spelling='Fujii' -> 'Fu.jii' (with i) table.insert(result, cj) j = j + 1 elseif silent_spelling_letter(ucj) then -- A silent h, apostrophe or hyphen in spelling. Examples: -- * syllab='adán', spelling='adhan' -> 'a.dhan' -- * syllab='Atanasya', spelling='Athanasia' -> 'A.tha.nas.ia' -- * syllab='Cýntiya', spelling='Cynthia' -> 'Cyn.thi.a' -- * syllab='Ermóhenes', spelling='Hermogenes' -> 'Her.mo.ge.nes' -- * syllab='Abduramán', spelling='Abdurahman' -> 'Ab.du.rah.man' -- * syllab='Jumu7á', spelling='Jumu'ah' -> 'Ju.mu.'ah' -- * syllab='pag7ibig', spelling='pag-ibig' -> 'pag-i.big' table.insert(result, cj) j = j + 1 elseif uci == AC or uci == GR or uci == CFLEX or uci == DIA or uci == TILDE or uci == MACRON or uci == "y" or uci == "w" then -- skip character i = i + 1 else -- non-matching character mw.log(("Syllabification alignment mismatch for pagename '%s' (position %s, character %s), syllabified respelling '%s' (position %s, character %s), aligned result so far '%s'" ):format(spelling, j, ucj, syllab, i, uci, concat_result())) return nil end end if i <= #syll_chars or j <= #spelling_chars then -- left-over characters on one side or the other mw.log(("Syllabification alignment mismatch for pagename '%s' (%s), syllabified respelling '%s' (%s), aligned result so far '%s'" ):format( spelling, j > #spelling_chars and "end of string" or ("position %s, character %s"):format(j, uspell_at(j)), syllab, i > #syll_chars and "end of string" or ("position %s, character %s"):format(i, syll_at(i)), concat_result())) return nil end return concat_result() end local function generate_syll_obj(term) return {syllabification = term, hyph = split_syllabified_spelling(term)} end -- Word should already be decomposed. local function word_has_vowels(word) word = ulower(word) return rfind(word, V) or word:find("y") end local function any_words_have_vowels(term) local words = rsplit(decompose(term), "[ %-]") for i, word in ipairs(words) do -- Allow empty word; this occurs with prefixes and suffixes. if word_has_vowels(word) then return true end end return false end local function should_generate_rhyme_from_respelling(term) local words = rsplit(decompose(term), " +") local last_word = words[#words] local should_generate_cat = #words == 1 local should_generate_rhyme = not last_word:find("%-$") and -- no if word is a prefix not (last_word:find("^%-") and last_word:find(MACRON)) and -- no if word is an unstressed suffix word_has_vowels(last_word) -- no if word has no vowels (e.g. a single letter) return should_generate_rhyme, should_generate_cat end local function should_generate_rhyme_from_ipa(ipa) local should_generate_cat = not ipa:find("%s") local should_generate_rhyme = word_has_vowels(decompose(ipa)) return should_generate_rhyme, should_generate_cat end local function should_generate_rhyme_from_termobj(termobj) if termobj.raw then return should_generate_rhyme_from_ipa(termobj.raw_phonemic or termobj.raw_phonetic) else return should_generate_rhyme_from_respelling(termobj.term) end end local function process_specified_rhymes(rhymes, sylls, parsed_respellings) local rhyme_ret = {} for _, rhyme in ipairs(rhymes) do local num_syl = rhyme.num_syl local no_num_syl = false -- If user explicitly gave the rhyme but didn't explicitly specify the number of syllables, try to take it from -- the syllabification. if not num_syl then num_syl = {} for _, syll in ipairs(sylls) do if should_generate_rhyme_from_respelling(syll.syllabification) then local this_num_syl = 1 + ulen(rsub(syll.syllabification, "[^.]", "")) m_table.insertIfNot(num_syl, this_num_syl) else no_num_syl = true break end end if no_num_syl or #num_syl == 0 then num_syl = nil end end -- If that fails and term is single-word, try to take it from the phonemic. if not no_num_syl and not num_syl then for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do for _, pronun in ipairs(parsed.pronuns) do -- Check that pronun.phonemic exists (it may not if raw phonetic-only pronun is given), and rhyme -- isn't suppressed (which may happen if the term has a qualifier "colloquial", "obsolete" or the -- like or is an auto-generated "glottal stop elision" pronunciation). if pronun.phonemic and not pronun.no_rhyme then if not should_generate_rhyme_from_ipa(pronun.phonemic) then no_num_syl = true break end -- Count number of syllables by looking at syllable boundaries (including stress marks). local this_num_syl = get_num_syl_from_ipa(pronun.phonemic) m_table.insertIfNot(num_syl, this_num_syl) end end if no_num_syl then break end end if no_num_syl or #num_syl == 0 then num_syl = nil end end local rhymeobj = m_table.shallowCopy(rhyme) rhymeobj.num_syl = num_syl table.insert(rhyme_ret, rhymeobj) end end -- Parse a pronunciation modifier in `arg`, the argument portion in an inline modifier (after the prefix), which -- specifies a pronunciation property such as rhyme, syllabification, homophones or audio. The argument can itself have -- inline modifiers, e.g. <audio:Foo.ogg<a:Colombia>>. The allowed inline modifiers are specified by `param_mods` (of -- the format expected by `parse_inline_modifiers()`); in addition to any modifiers specified there, the modifiers -- <q:...>, <qq:...>, <a:...> and <aa:...> are always accepted (and can be repeated). `generate_obj` and `parse_err` are -- like in `parse_inline_modifiers()` and specify respectively a function to generate the object into which modifier -- properties are stored given the non-modifier part of the argument, and a function to generate an error message (given -- the message). Normally, a comma-separated list of pronunciation properties is accepted and parsed, where each element -- in the list can have its own inline modifiers and where no spaces are allowed next to the commas in order for them to -- be recognized as separators. If `no_split_on_comma` is given, only a single pronunciation property is accepted. If -- `has_outer_container` is given, the list of pronunciation properties is embedded in the `terms` property of an outer -- container, into which other list-level modifiers can also be stored (by setting `overall = "true"` in the respective -- spec in `param_mods`). The return value is a list if neither `no_split_on_comma` nor `has_outer_container` are given, -- otherwise a container object (which, in the case of `has_outer_container`, will contain a list inside of it, in the -- `terms` property). local function parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_obj, param_mods, no_split_on_comma, has_outer_container) if arg:find("<") then local insert = { store = "insert" } param_mods.q = insert param_mods.qq = insert param_mods.a = insert param_mods.aa = insert return require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers(arg, { param_mods = param_mods, generate_obj = generate_obj, parse_err = parse_err, splitchar = not no_split_on_comma and "," or nil, outer_container = has_outer_container and {} or nil, }) elseif no_split_on_comma then return generate_obj(arg) else local retval = {} for _, term in ipairs(split_on_comma(arg)) do table.insert(retval, generate_obj(term)) end if has_outer_container then retval = { terms = retval, } end return retval end end local function parse_rhyme(arg, parse_err) local function generate_obj(term) return {rhyme = term} end local param_mods = { s = { item_dest = "num_syl", type = "number", sublist = true, }, } return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_obj, param_mods) end local function parse_syll(arg, parse_err) local param_mods = { cap = { overall = true}, } -- We need to pass in has_outer_container because we have an overall property <cap:...> (the caption, defaulting -- to "Syllabification") applying to the whole set of syllabifications. return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_syll_obj, param_mods, nil, "has outer container") end local function parse_homophone(arg, parse_err) local function generate_obj(term) return {term = term} end local param_mods = { t = { -- [[Module:links]] (called from [[Module:homophones]]) expects the gloss in "gloss". item_dest = "gloss", }, gloss = {}, pos = {}, alt = {}, lit = {}, id = {}, g = { -- [[Module:links]] (called from [[Module:homophones]]) expects the genders in "genders". item_dest = "genders", sublist = true, }, } return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_obj, param_mods) end local function generate_audio_obj(arg) local file, gloss = arg:match("^(.-)%s*#%s*(.*)$") if not file then file = arg gloss = "Audio" end return {file = file, gloss = gloss} end local function parse_audio(arg, parse_err) -- None other than decorations local param_mods = {} -- Don't split on comma because some filenames have embedded commas not followed by a space (typically followed by -- an underscore). return parse_pron_modifier(arg, parse_err, generate_audio_obj, param_mods, "no split on comma") end local function syllabify_from_spelling(text, pagename) -- Auto syllabifications start -- local vowel = vowel .. "ẃý" -- vowel local V = "[" .. vowel .. "]" local NV = "[^" .. vowel .. "]" local C = "[^" .. vowel .. separator .."]" -- consonant text = decompose(text, "recompose e-dia") local origtext = remove_accents(text) text = string.lower(text) text = rsub(text, "[.] ", "․ ") text = rsub(text, "[.]$", "․") -- put # at word beginning and end and double ## at text/foot boundary beginning/end text = rsub(text, " | ", "# | #") text = "##" .. rsub(text, " ", "# #") .. "##" text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)#([.]?)", "#") text = rsub(text, "ng̃", "ŋ") text = rsub(text, "ng", "ŋ") text = rsub(text, "g̃", "ġ") text = rsub(text, "ch", "ĉ") text = rsub(text, "t_s", "ć") text = rsub(text, "sh", "ʃ") text = rsub(text, "gu([eëiy])", "ǵ%1") text = rsub(text, "qu([eëiy])", "ḱ%1") text = rsub(text, "r", "ɾ") text = rsub(text, "ɾɾ", "r") text = rsub(text, "ʔ", "7") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "#(" .. C .. "+)u([aeio])","#%1u.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "#(" .. C .. "+)i([aeou])","#%1i.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. C .. ")u([aeio])","#%1.u%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. C .. ")i([aeou])","#%1.i%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)u([aeio])","%1.u%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)o([aei])","%1.ó%2") text = rsub(text, "a(" .. accent_c .. "*)o([#.7])","a%1ó%2") -- eu rules text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([^" .. vowel .. "#])([e])(" .. accent_c .. "?)([u])(" .. accent_c .. "?)","%1%2%3.%4%5") text = rsub(text, "y([ˈˌ." .. accent .. "]*)([bćĉdfgǵhjĵkḱlmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ#" .. vowel .. "])","ý%1%2") text = rsub(text, "ý(" .. V .. ")", "y%1") text = rsub(text, "w([ˈˌ]?)([bćĉdfgǵjĵkḱlmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ#" .. vowel .. "])","ẃ%1%2") text = rsub(text, "ẃ(" .. V .. ")","w%1") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)ẃ([bdfgǵkḱpt])([ɾr" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2w%3%4") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)ẃ([bfgǵkḱp])([l" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2w%3%4") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)ý([bdfgǵkḱpt])([ɾr" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2y%3%4") text = rsub(text, "(" .. V .. ")(" .. accent_c .. "?)ý([bfgǵkḱp])([l" .. vowel .. separator .."])" ,"%1%2y%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") -- "mb", "mp", "nd", "nk", "nt" combinations text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(m)([bp])([^lɾrɟy" .. vowel .. separator .."])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(n)([dk])([^lɾrɟy" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(n)([s])([^ɟy" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(n)([t])([^lɾrɟys" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(ŋ)([k])([^lɾrɟy" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([ɾr])([bćĉdfgǵkḱlmnpsʃvz])([^lɾrɟy" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([ɾr])([t])([sz]?)([^lɾrɟysʃ" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2%3.%4%5") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(s)([ktp])([^lɾrɟy" .. vowel .. separator .. "])(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2.%3%4") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. ")(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. "+)(" .. C .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. C .. ")%.s(" .. C .. ")", "%1s.%2") -- Any aeëo, or stressed iu, should be syllabically divided from a following aeëo or stressed iu. text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeëo]" .. accent_c .. "*)([aeëo])", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeëo]" .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. V .. accent_c .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub(text, "([iu]" .. accent_c .. ")([aeëo])", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([iu]" .. accent_c .. ")(" .. V .. accent_c .. ")", "%1.%2") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "i(" .. accent_c .. "*)i", "i%1.i") text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "u(" .. accent_c .. "*)u", "u%1.u") text = rsub(text, "ĉ", "ch") text = rsub(text, "ć", "ts") text = rsub(text, "ŋ", "ng") text = rsub(text, "ʃ", "sh") text = rsub(text, "ǵ", "gu") text = rsub(text, "ġ", "g̃") text = rsub(text, "ḱ", "qu") text = rsub(text, "r", "rr") text = rsub(text, "ɾ", "r") text = remove_accents(text) text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]+)", ".") text = rsub(text, "[.]?-[.]?", "-") text = rsub(text, "[‿]([^ ])", "|%1") text = rsub(text, "[.]([^ ])", "|%1") text = rsub(text, "([|])+", "%1") -- remove # symbols at word and text boundaries text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)#([.]?)", "") text = rsub(text, "․", ".") -- Fix Capitalization -- local syllbreak = 0 for i=1, #text do if text:sub(i,i) == "|" and origtext:sub(i-syllbreak, i-syllbreak) ~= "." and origtext:sub(i-syllbreak, i-syllbreak) ~= "7" then syllbreak = syllbreak + 1 elseif origtext:sub(i-syllbreak, i-syllbreak) == text:sub(i,i):upper() then text = table.concat({text:sub(1, i-1), text:sub(i,i):upper(), text:sub(i+1)}) end end -- Fix hyphens -- -- FIXME!!! Why are we relying on looking at the pagename here? This should not be happening. origtext = pagename if (table.concat(rsplit(origtext, "-")) == table.concat(rsplit(table.concat(rsplit(text, "|")), "-"))) then syllbreak = 0 for i=1, #text do if text:sub(i,i) == "|" then if origtext:sub(i-syllbreak, i-syllbreak) == "-" then text = table.concat({text:sub(1, i-1), "-", text:sub(i+1)}) else syllbreak = syllbreak + 1 end end end end -- FIXME! Hack -- up above we changed periods to vertical bars. The rest of the code expects periods so change -- them back. We should clean up the code above to leave the periods alone. return (text:gsub("|", "%.")) end function export.syllabify_and_align(respelling, pagename) local syllabification = syllabify_from_spelling(respelling, pagename) return align_syllabification_to_spelling(syllabification, pagename) end local function css_wrap(text, classes) return ('<span class="%s">%s</span>'):format(classes, text) end local function format_glosses(glosses) if not glosses then return "" end local formatted_glosses = {} for _, glossobj in ipairs(glosses) do local gloss_parts = {} if glossobj.gloss then table.insert(gloss_parts, css_wrap("“", "mention-gloss-double-quote") .. css_wrap(glossobj.gloss, "mention-gloss") .. css_wrap("”", "mention-gloss-double-quote")) end if glossobj.poses then for _, pos in ipairs(glossobj.poses) do table.insert(gloss_parts, css_wrap(pos, "ann-pos")) end end table.insert(formatted_glosses, table.concat(gloss_parts, css_wrap(",", "mention-gloss-comma") .. " ")) end return " " .. css_wrap("(", "mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren") .. table.concat(formatted_glosses, css_wrap(";", "mention-gloss-semicolon") .. " ") .. css_wrap(")", "mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren") end local function format_pronuns(pronuns) local pronunciations = {} -- Loop through each pronunciation. For each one, add the phonemic and phonetic versions to `pronunciations`, -- for formatting by [[Module:IPA]]. for j, pronun in ipairs(pronuns) do local qs = pronun.q local first_pronun = #pronunciations + 1 if not pronun.phonemic and not pronun.phonetic then error("Internal error: Saw neither phonemic nor phonetic pronunciation") end if pronun.phonemic then -- missing if 'raw:[...]' given -- don't display syllable division markers in phonemic local slash_pron = "/" .. pronun.phonemic:gsub("%.", "") .. "/" table.insert(pronunciations, { pron = slash_pron, }) end if pronun.phonetic then -- missing if 'raw:/.../' given local bracket_pron = "[" .. pronun.phonetic .. "]" table.insert(pronunciations, { pron = bracket_pron, }) end local last_pronun = #pronunciations if pronun.q then pronunciations[first_pronun].q = pronun.q end if j > 1 then pronunciations[first_pronun].separator = ", " end if pronun.qq then pronunciations[last_pronun].qq = pronun.qq end if pronun.refs then pronunciations[last_pronun].refs = pronun.refs end if first_pronun ~= last_pronun then pronunciations[last_pronun].separator = " " end end return m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = pronunciations, separator = "" } end local function format_pronun_line(parsed) local formatted_pronuns = format_pronuns(parsed.pronuns) local pre = is_first and parsed.pre and parsed.pre .. " " or "" local post = is_first and parsed.post and " " .. parsed.post or "" return pre .. formatted_pronuns .. format_glosses(parsed.t) .. post end local function parse_respelling(respelling, pagename, parse_err) local raw_respelling = respelling:match("^raw:(.*)$") if raw_respelling then local raw_phonemic, raw_phonetic = raw_respelling:match("^/(.*)/ %[(.*)%]$") if not raw_phonemic then raw_phonemic = raw_respelling:match("^/(.*)/$") end if not raw_phonemic then raw_phonetic = raw_respelling:match("^%[(.*)%]$") end if not raw_phonemic and not raw_phonetic then parse_err(("Unable to parse raw respelling '%s', should be one of /.../, [...] or /.../ [...]") :format(raw_respelling)) end return { raw = true, raw_phonemic = raw_phonemic, raw_phonetic = raw_phonetic, } end if respelling == "+" then respelling = pagename end return {term = respelling} end -- External entry point for {{hnn-pr}}. function export.show_full(frame) --------------------------------- 1. Parse the arguments. ------------------------------------ local params = { [1] = {list = true}, ["rhyme"] = {}, ["syll"] = {}, ["hmp"] = {}, ["audio"] = {list = true}, ["pagename"] = {}, } local parargs = frame:getParent().args local args = require("Module:parameters").process(parargs, params) local pagename = args.pagename or mw.loadData("Module:headword/data").pagename local respellings = #args[1] > 0 and args[1] or {"+"} local parsed_respellings = {} local function overall_parse_err(msg, arg, val) error(msg .. ": " .. arg .. "=" .. val) end local overall_rhyme = args.rhyme and parse_rhyme(args.rhyme, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "rhyme", args.rhyme) end) or nil local overall_syll = args.syll and parse_syll(args.syll, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "syll", args.syll) end) or nil local overall_hmp = args.hmp and parse_homophone(args.hmp, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "hmp", args.hmp) end) or nil local overall_audio if #args.audio > 0 then overall_audio = {} for _, audio in ipairs(args.audio) do local parsed_audio = parse_audio(audio, function(msg) overall_parse_err(msg, "audio", audio) end) table.insert(overall_audio, parsed_audio) end end -- Parse each respelling. Individual arguments in 1=, 2=, etc. can consist of one or more comma-separated -- respellings, each of which can have inline modifiers <q:...>, <qq:...>, <a:...>, <aa:...> or <ref:...>. -- In addition, the respellings as a whole of a given argument can be followed by various inline modifiers, -- such as <t:...>, <rhyme:...>, <syll:...>, etc. The result of parsing goes into `parsed_respellings`, which -- is a list of objects (one per numbered argument), each of which is a table of the form -- -- { -- terms = {TERM, TERM, ...}, -- audio = {AUDIO, AUDIO, ...}, -- rhyme = {RHYME, RHYME, ...}, -- syll = {SYLL, SYLL, ...}, -- hmp = {HMP, HMP, ...}, -- t = {GLOSS, GLOSS, ...}, -- pre = "PRE-TEXT" or nil, -- post = "POST-TEXT" or nil, -- bullets = NUM_BULLETS, -- accents = {"ACCENT", "ACCENT", ...}, -- } -- -- In this structure, TERM is an object that usually has the form -- -- { -- term = "RESPELLING", -- ref = {"REF-SPEC", "REF-SPEC", ...}, -- q = {"QUALIFIER", "QUALIFIER", ...}, -- qq = {"QUALIFIER", "QUALIFIER", ...}, -- } -- -- Note that in this structure, "REF-SPEC" of the form parsable by parse_references() in [[Module:references]]. -- -- Alternatively, if phonemic or phonetic IPA is given in place of a respelling, TERM will have the form -- -- { -- raw = true, -- phonemic = "PHONEMIC", -- phonetic = "PHONETIC", -- ref = {"REF-SPEC", "REF-SPEC", ...}, -- q = {"QUALIFIER", "QUALIFIER", ...}, -- qq = {"QUALIFIER", "QUALIFIER", ...}, -- } -- -- AUDIO is a table of the form -- -- { -- file = "FILE", -- gloss = "GLOSS", -- q = {"QUALIFIER", "QUALIFIER", ...}, -- qq = {"QUALIFIER", "QUALIFIER", ...}, -- a = {"ACCENT-QUALIFIER", "ACCENT-QUALIFIER", ...}, -- aa = {"ACCENT-QUALIFIER", "ACCENT-QUALIFIER", ...}, -- } -- -- RHYME is a table of the form -- -- { -- rhyme = "RHYME", -- num_syl = {NUM_SYL, NUM_SYL, ...}, -- q, qq, a, aa = (as for AUDIO), -- } -- -- SYLL is a table of the form (where `hyph` is required to be named this way for [[Module:hyphenation]]) -- -- { -- syllabification = "SYL.LAB.LES", -- hyph = {"SYL", "LAB", "LES"}, -- q, qq, a, aa = (as for AUDIO), -- } -- -- HMP is a table of the form -- -- { -- term = "HOMOPHONE", -- gloss = "GLOSS" or nil, -- pos = "POS" or nil, -- alt = "ALT" or nil, -- lit = "LIT" or nil, -- id = "ID" or nil, -- g = {"G", "G", ...}, -- q, qq, a, aa = (as for AUDIO), -- } -- -- GLOSS is a table of the form -- -- { -- poses = {"POS", "POS", ...} or nil, -- gloss = "GLOSS" or nil, -- } for i, respelling in ipairs(respellings) do if respelling:find("<") then local param_mods = { pre = { overall = true }, post = { overall = true }, bullets = { overall = true, type = "number", }, t = { overall = true, store = "insert", convert = parse_gloss, }, rhyme = { overall = true, store = "insert-flattened", convert = parse_rhyme, }, syll = { overall = true, -- Not `store = "insert-flattened"`. parse_syll() does not generates a list but a structure where -- the syllabifications are in `terms` and there's an additional overall property `cap` for the -- caption (defaulting to "Syllabification"). FIXME: Rethink whether we even want "insert-flattened" -- or just "insert" for the remaining pronunciation properties. convert = parse_syll, }, hmp = { overall = true, store = "insert-flattened", convert = parse_homophone, }, audio = { overall = true, store = "insert", -- not "insert-flattened" because parse_audio returns a single object convert = parse_audio, }, ref = { store = "insert" }, q = { store = "insert" }, qq = { store = "insert" }, a = { item_dest = "accents", overall = true, convert = parse_accents, }, } local parsed = require(parse_utilities_module).parse_inline_modifiers(respelling, { paramname = i, param_mods = param_mods, generate_obj = function(term, parse_err) return parse_respelling(term, pagename, parse_err) end, pre_normalize_modifiers = function(data) local modtext = data.modtext modtext = modtext:match("^<(.*)>$") if not modtext then error(("Internal error: Passed-in modifier isn't surrounded by angle brackets: %s"):format( data.modtext)) end if modtext:find("%^") and not modtext:find("^t:") then modtext = "t:" .. modtext end return "<" .. modtext .. ">" end, splitchar = ",", outer_container = {}, }) if not parsed.bullets then parsed.bullets = 1 end table.insert(parsed_respellings, parsed) else local termobjs = {} local function parse_err(msg) error(msg .. ": " .. i .. "=" .. respelling) end for _, term in ipairs(split_on_comma(respelling)) do table.insert(termobjs, parse_respelling(term, pagename, parse_err)) end table.insert(parsed_respellings, { terms = termobjs, bullets = 1, }) end end --------------------------------- 2. Generate IPA, rhymes and syllabification. ------------------------------------ -- Used for categorization below. local syllabification_alignment_failed = false -- Canonicalize syllabifications in `sylls` by convering '+' to the default syllabification of the pagename, '#' to -- the pagename itself, and '-' to no syllabification (return `null_syll`). If '-' not seen, return `sylls`. local function canonicalize_syllabification(sylls, null_syll) for _, syll in ipairs(sylls.terms) do if syll.syllabification == "+" then syll.syllabification = syllabify_from_spelling(pagename, pagename) syll.hyph = split_syllabified_spelling(syll.syllabification) elseif syll.syllabification == "#" then syll.syllabification = pagename syll.hyph = {syll.syllabification} elseif syll.syllabification == "-" then return null_syll end end return sylls end if overall_syll then overall_syll = canonicalize_syllabification(overall_syll, {}) end local function doesnt_count_for_rhyme(list) if not list then return false end local accent_no_count = {"colloquial", "obsolete", "relaxed"} for _, item in ipairs(list) do for _, word_no_count in ipairs(accent_no_count) do if item:find("%f[%w]" .. word_no_count .. "%f[%W]") then return true end end end return false end -- Loop over individual respellings, processing each. for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do -- First, sort the specified accents and default to "Standard Hanunoo". default_accent = "Standard Hanunoo" if not parsed.accents then -- parsed.accents = {default_accent} parsed.accents = {""} end -- If more than one respelling given, then if any accent or qualifier has the words 'colloquial', 'obsolete' or -- 'relaxed' in them, don't generate a rhyme or a '#-syllable word' category. local more_than_one_respelling = #parsed.terms > 1 or #parsed_respellings > 1 local is_standard = m_table.contains(parsed.accents, "Standard Hanunoo") and true or false local all_terms_no_rhyme = more_than_one_respelling and doesnt_count_for_rhyme(parsed.accents) parsed.pronuns = {} for i, term in ipairs(parsed.terms) do local phonemic, phonetic if term.raw then phonemic = term.raw_phonemic phonetic = term.raw_phonetic else local ret = export.IPA(term.term, "include phonemic syllable boundaries") phonemic = ret.phonemic phonetic = ret.phonetic end local refs if not term.ref then refs = nil else refs = {} for _, refspec in ipairs(term.ref) do local this_refs = require("Module:references").parse_references(refspec) for _, this_ref in ipairs(this_refs) do table.insert(refs, this_ref) end end end local no_rhyme, rhyme_with_cat -- Same check as above for colloquial/obsolete/relaxed but check the qualifiers, which are attached to -- individual respellings rather than a single-line set of respellings. no_rhyme = all_terms_no_rhyme or more_than_one_respelling and ( doesnt_count_for_rhyme(term.q) or doesnt_count_for_rhyme(term.qq) ) if not no_rhyme then local should_generate_rhyme, should_generate_cat = should_generate_rhyme_from_termobj(term) no_rhyme = not should_generate_rhyme rhyme_with_cat = should_generate_cat end local pronobj = { raw = term.raw, phonemic = phonemic, phonetic = phonetic, refs = refs, q = term.q, qq = term.qq, no_rhyme = no_rhyme, rhyme_with_cat = rhyme_with_cat, } table.insert(parsed.pronuns, pronobj) end if not parsed.syll then if not overall_syll and (any_words_have_vowels(pagename)) then for _, term in ipairs(parsed.terms) do if not term.raw then local syllabification = syllabify_from_spelling(term.term, pagename) local aligned_syll = align_syllabification_to_spelling(syllabification, pagename) if aligned_syll then if not parsed.syll then parsed.syll = {terms = {}} end m_table.insertIfNot(parsed.syll.terms, generate_syll_obj(aligned_syll)) else if lang:findBestScript(pagename):getCode() == "Latn" or lang:findBestScript(syllabification):getCode() == lang:findBestScript(pagename) then syllabification_alignment_failed = true end end end end end else parsed.syll = canonicalize_syllabification(parsed.syll, nil) end if not parsed.rhyme then if overall_rhyme then parsed.rhyme = nil else -- Generate the rhymes. for _, pronun in ipairs(parsed.pronuns) do -- We should have already excluded multiword terms and terms without vowels from rhyme generation -- (see `no_auto_rhyme` below). But make sure to check that pronun.phonemic exists (it may not if -- raw phonetic-only pronun is given), and rhyme isn't suppressed (which may happen if the term has -- a qualifier "colloquial", "obsolete" or the like or is an auto-generated "glottal stop elision" -- pronunciation). if pronun.phonemic and not pronun.no_rhyme then -- Count number of syllables by looking at syllable boundaries (including stress marks). local num_syl = get_num_syl_from_ipa(pronun.phonemic) -- Get the rhyme by truncating everything up through the last stress mark + any following -- consonants, and remove syllable boundary markers. local rhyme = convert_phonemic_to_rhyme(pronun.phonemic) -- Copying qualifiers to rhymes: -- (1) If there's only one pronunciation, displaying any associated qualifier on the rhyme is -- is redundant, so don't do it. -- (2) If there are multiple pronunciations, then we generally do want to copy the qualifier(s) -- from pronunciation to rhyme, but only if a given rhyme either derives from a single -- pronunciation, or derives from multiple pronunciations all of which share the same -- qualifier(s). We do NOT want to combine two different qualifiers from two different -- pronunciations. -- (3) If there are multiple pronunciations that map to a single rhyme, and all pronunciations -- share qualifiers, then we might consider omitting the qualifiers as redundant; but this -- case will rarely happen so it might not be worth worrying about. -- (4) Similarly, if there are multiple pronunciations where some have the rhyme suppressed (see -- above), and all pronunciations share qualifiers, then we might consider omitting the -- qualifiers as redundant; but again, this case will rarely happen (especially since in -- almost all cases the suppressed-rhyme pronunciation will have distinctive qualifiers) so -- it probably isn't worth worrying about. Note that in the common case where the qualifiers -- of the rhyme-suppressed pronunciation differ from those of the rhyme-included -- pronunciation, we do want to include the qualifiers of the rhyme-included pronunciation -- (imagine e.g. there are two pronunciations marked "standard" and "colloquial"; we want to -- mark the rhyme as "standard"). -- (4) There are two different types of qualifiers (left and right); when comparing qualifiers, -- we need to compare the entire set of both qualifiers and make sure they both match -- (although it will be rare to have both left and right qualifiers on a single -- pronunciation). local saw_already = false if not parsed.rhyme then parsed.rhyme = {} end for _, existing in ipairs(parsed.rhyme) do if existing.rhyme == rhyme then saw_already = true -- We already saw this rhyme but possibly with a different number of syllables, -- e.g. if the user specified two pronunciations 'biología' (4 syllables) and -- 'bi.ología' (5 syllables), both of which have the same rhyme /ia/. m_table.insertIfNot(existing.num_syl, num_syl) if not m_table.deepEquals(existing.q, pronun.q) or not m_table.deepEquals(existing.qq, pronun.qq) then existing.q = nil existing.qq = nil end break end end if not saw_already then table.insert(parsed.rhyme, { rhyme = rhyme, num_syl = {num_syl}, q = #parsed.pronuns > 1 and pronun.q or nil, qq = #parsed.pronuns > 1 and pronun.qq or nil, nocat = not pronun.rhyme_with_cat, }) end end end end else local no_rhyme = false for _, rhyme in ipairs(parsed.rhyme) do if rhyme.rhyme == "-" then no_rhyme = true break end end if no_rhyme then parsed.rhyme = nil else parsed.rhyme = process_specified_rhymes(parsed.rhyme, parsed.syll and parsed.syll.terms or {}, {parsed}) end end end if overall_rhyme then local no_overall_rhyme = false for _, orhyme in ipairs(overall_rhyme) do if orhyme.rhyme == "-" then no_overall_rhyme = true break end end if no_overall_rhyme then overall_rhyme = nil else local all_sylls if overall_syll then all_sylls = overall_syll else all_sylls = {} for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do if parsed.syll then for _, syll in ipairs(parsed.syll.terms) do m_table.insertIfNot(all_sylls, syll) end end end end overall_rhyme = process_specified_rhymes(overall_rhyme, all_sylls, parsed_respellings) end end -- Determine whether all sets of pronunciations have the same value for a pronunciation property (rhymes, -- syllabifications or homophones). If so, we display them them only once at the bottom, otherwise beneath each set, -- indented. This function takes one argument, the name of a slot specifying the pronunciation property, and -- returns two values, a boolean indicating whether all values are the same and the first value seen (which will -- be the only value seen if all values are the same). local function all_sets_equal(parsed_slot) local first_set local all_sets_eq = true for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do if j == 1 then first_set = parsed[parsed_slot] elseif not m_table.deepEquals(first_set, parsed[parsed_slot]) then all_sets_eq = false break end end return all_sets_eq, first_set end local all_rhyme_sets_eq, first_rhyme_ret = all_sets_equal("rhyme") local all_syll_sets_eq, first_sylls = all_sets_equal("syll") local all_hmp_sets_eq, first_hmps = all_sets_equal("hmp") ------------------------------ 3. Insert categories as appropriate. --------------------------------- local categories = {} local function get_rhymes_categories(rhymes) if not rhymes then return end end get_rhymes_categories(overall_rhyme) for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do get_rhymes_categories(parsed.rhyme) end local function get_syll_categories(sylls) if not sylls then return end for _, syll in ipairs(sylls.terms) do local syll_no_dot = "#" .. syll.syllabification .. "#" syll_no_dot = syll.syllabification:gsub("%.([^ #])", "%1"):gsub("#", "") if syll_no_dot ~= pagename then mw.log(("For page '%s', saw syllabification '%s' not matching pagename"):format( pagename, syll.syllabification)) m_table.insertIfNot(categories, ("%s terms with syllabification not matching pagename"):format( lang:getCanonicalName())) end end end get_syll_categories(overall_syll) for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do get_syll_categories(parsed.syll) end if syllabification_alignment_failed then table.insert(categories, ("%s terms where syllabification alignment failed"):format(lang:getCanonicalName())) end ---------------------------- 4. Format IPA, rhymes and syllabification for display. ------------------------------- local function bullet_prefix(num_bullets) return string.rep("*", num_bullets) .. " " end local function format_rhyme(rhymes) return require(rhymes_module).format_rhymes { lang = lang, rhymes = rhymes, force_cat = force_cat, } end local function format_syllabifications(syllobj) return require(hyphenation_module).format_hyphenations { lang = lang, hyphs = syllobj.terms, caption = syllobj.cap or "Syllabification" } end local function format_homophones(hmps) return require("Module:homophones").format_homophones { lang = lang, homophones = hmps } end local function format_audio(audios, num_bullets) local ret = {} for i, audio in ipairs(audios) do local text = require(audio_module).format_audio { lang = lang, file = audio.file, caption = audio.gloss, q = audio.q, qq = audio.qq, a = audio.a, aa = audio.aa, } table.insert(ret, bullet_prefix(num_bullets) .. text) end return table.concat(ret, "\n") end -- Implement grouping by accent. If there is a run of more than one consecutive set of pronunciations with the -- same accent, the accent goes on its own line and the pronunciations with this accent go below with an extra -- bullet. local prev_accents local num_seen_with_these_accents for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do if m_table.deepEquals(prev_accents, parsed.accents) then parsed.of_several_accents = "continuation" num_seen_with_these_accents = num_seen_with_these_accents + 1 if num_seen_with_these_accents == 2 then parsed_respellings[j - 1].of_several_accents = "first" end else prev_accents = parsed.accents num_seen_with_these_accents = 1 end end -- Pull out autogenerated pronunciations and move to the next line, indented. for _, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do local saw_next_line_pronuns = false for _, pronun in ipairs(parsed.pronuns) do if pronun.move_to_next_line then saw_next_line_pronuns = true break end end if saw_next_line_pronuns then local this_line_pronuns = {} local next_line_pronuns = {} for _, pronun in ipairs(parsed.pronuns) do if pronun.move_to_next_line then table.insert(next_line_pronuns, pronun) else table.insert(this_line_pronuns, pronun) end end -- Now see if there are qualifiers shared among all elements of the next-line pronuns and deduplicate if so. local function deduplicate_qualifiers(field, keepfirst) local saw_nil = false for _, pronun in ipairs(next_line_pronuns) do if not pronun[field] then saw_nil = true break end end if not saw_nil then local m_setutil = require(set_utilities_module) local qualifiers = {} for _, pronun in ipairs(next_line_pronuns) do table.insert(qualifiers, m_setutil.list_to_set(pronun[field])) end local all_shared = m_setutil.intersect(unpack(qualifiers)) if next(all_shared) then local first_index, last_index if keepfirst then first_index = 2 last_index = #pronun else first_index = 1 last_index = #pronun - 1 end for i = first_index, last_index do local pronun = next_line_pronuns[i] local new_qualifiers = {} for _, q in ipairs(pronun[field]) do if not all_shared[q] then table.insert(new_qualifiers, q) end end pronun[field] = new_qualifiers end end end end parsed.pronuns = this_line_pronuns parsed.next_line_pronuns = next_line_pronuns end end -- Now actually format the pronunciations. local textparts = {} local first_line = true local function ins_line(linetext, num_bullets) if not first_line then table.insert(textparts, "\n") end first_line = false table.insert(textparts, bullet_prefix(num_bullets) .. linetext) end local min_num_bullets = math.huge for j, parsed in ipairs(parsed_respellings) do if parsed.bullets < min_num_bullets then min_num_bullets = parsed.bullets end local accent_grouping_offset = 0 local no_accent = #parsed.accents == 1 and parsed.accents[1] == "" local pronuns = format_pronun_line(parsed) local accent_prefix if not no_accent then if parsed.of_several_accents == "first" then ins_line(require(accent_qualifier_module).format_qualifiers(lang, parsed.accents), parsed.bullets) end if not parsed.of_several_accents then accent_prefix = require(accent_qualifier_module).format_qualifiers(lang, parsed.accents) .. " " else accent_prefix = "" accent_grouping_offset = 1 end else accent_prefix = "" end ins_line(accent_prefix .. pronuns, parsed.bullets + accent_grouping_offset) if parsed.next_line_pronuns then ins_line(format_pronuns(parsed.next_line_pronuns), parsed.bullets + accent_grouping_offset + 1) end if parsed.audio then -- format_audio() inserts multiple lines and handles bullets by itself. table.insert(textparts, "\n") -- If only one pronunciation set, add the audio with the same number of bullets, otherwise indent audio by -- one more bullet. table.insert(textparts, format_audio(parsed.audio, (#parsed_respellings == 1 and parsed.bullets or parsed.bullets + 1) + accent_grouping_offset)) end if not all_rhyme_sets_eq and parsed.rhyme then ins_line(format_rhyme(parsed.rhyme), parsed.bullets + 1 + accent_grouping_offset) end if not all_syll_sets_eq and parsed.syll then ins_line(format_syllabifications(parsed.syll), parsed.bullets + 1 + accent_grouping_offset) end if not all_hmp_sets_eq and parsed.hmp then ins_line(format_homophones(parsed.hmp), parsed.bullets + 1 + accent_grouping_offset) end end if overall_audio then -- format_audio() inserts multiple lines and handles bullets by itself. table.insert(textparts, "\n") table.insert(textparts, format_audio(overall_audio, min_num_bullets)) end if all_rhyme_sets_eq and first_rhyme_ret then ins_line(format_rhyme(first_rhyme_ret), min_num_bullets) end if overall_rhyme then ins_line(format_rhyme(overall_rhyme), min_num_bullets) end if all_syll_sets_eq and first_sylls then ins_line(format_syllabifications(first_sylls), min_num_bullets) end if overall_syll then ins_line(format_syllabifications(overall_syll), min_num_bullets) end if all_hmp_sets_eq and first_hmps then ins_line(format_homophones(first_hmps), min_num_bullets) end if overall_hmp then ins_line(format_homophones(overall_hmp), min_num_bullets) end return table.concat(textparts) .. require("Module:utilities").format_categories(categories, lang, nil, nil, force_cat) end -- Meant to be called from a bot. function export.pron_json(frame) local iparams = { [1] = {list = true, required = true}, ["pagename"] = {required = true}, } local iargs = require("Module:parameters").process(frame.args, iparams) local data = {} local syllabification_from_pagename = syllabify_from_spelling(iargs.pagename, iargs.pagename) for _, respelling in ipairs(iargs[1]) do local pronun = export.IPA(respelling, "include phonemic syllable boundaries") local syllabification = export.syllabify_and_align(respelling, iargs.pagename) local num_syl = get_num_syl_from_ipa(pronun.phonemic) local rhyme = convert_phonemic_to_rhyme(pronun.phonemic) table.insert(data, { respelling = respelling, phonemic = pronun.phonemic, phonetic = pronun.phonetic, syllabification = syllabification, num_syl = num_syl, rhyme = rhyme, }) end local retval = { pagename = iargs.pagename, syllabification_from_pagename = syllabification_from_pagename, data = data, } return require("Module:JSON").toJSON(retval) end return export jmt301pgc7w9gip2slpqe92j3ouovep Bản mẫu:hnn-pr 10 421479 2573552 2026-10-26T02:21:45Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “<includeonly>{{#invoke:hnn-pronunciation|show_full}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>” 2573552 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:hnn-pronunciation|show_full}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> am4pbvc8s6r3b5ec2k7z1pll0dli2dp 𦧘 0 421480 2573556 2026-10-26T02:26:41Z Hiyuune 50834 + mul 2573556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|han}}=== {{Han char|rn=135|rad=舌|as=6|sn=12|four=|canj=|ids=⿰肉舌}} ===={{ĐM|ref}}==== {{Han ref|kx=1007.121|uh=269D8}} o70n88rm3u0m4wummxhlfti99ojqybj 𦧙 0 421481 2573557 2026-10-26T02:27:50Z Hiyuune 50834 Trang mới: “{{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|han}}=== {{Han char|rn=135|rad=舌|as=6|sn=12|four=|canj=|ids=⿰舌朱}} ===={{ĐM|ref}}==== * {{Han ref|kx=1007.121|dkj=|dj=|hdz=52943.160|uh=269D9}}” 2573557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{character info}} =={{langname|mul}}== ==={{ĐM|han}}=== {{Han char|rn=135|rad=舌|as=6|sn=12|four=|canj=|ids=⿰舌朱}} ===={{ĐM|ref}}==== * {{Han ref|kx=1007.121|dkj=|dj=|hdz=52943.160|uh=269D9}} d2wsh63dbiivwebbwo1ubwgr8hqyw97 Bản mẫu:R:commons 10 421482 2573578 2026-10-26T06:33:32Z TheHighFighter2 42988 TheHighFighter2 đã đổi [[Bản mẫu:R:commons]] thành [[Bản mẫu:commons inline]] 2573578 wikitext text/x-wiki #đổi [[Bản mẫu:commons inline]] e383kyi4z0v5ya5yf10c0fu7rol72h5 душераздиряющий 0 421483 2573601 2026-10-26T08:57:02Z Hiyuune 50834 Hiyuune đã đổi [[душераздиряющий]] thành [[душераздирающий]]: Tiêu đề sai chính tả 2573601 wikitext text/x-wiki #đổi [[душераздирающий]] b9flereubgpsp108ioafztp63xnsary ଗର୍ଜନ 0 421484 2573615 2026-10-26T11:51:56Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* */ 2573615 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|or}}== ==={{ĐM|etym}}=== Từ {{der|or|sa|गर्जन}}. ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{or-IPA}} * {{audio|or|LL-Q33810 (ori)-Psubhashish-ଗର୍ଜନ.wav}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{h|or|noun}} # [[sấm|Sấm]]. fpzaas201f3r446x5f4gq0gm0kxlvkc ᠠᡴᠵᠠᠨ 0 421485 2573616 2026-10-26T11:57:46Z TheHighFighter2 42988 /* */ 2573616 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{langname|mnc}}== ==={{ĐM|pron}}=== {{mnc-IPA}} ==={{ĐM|noun}}=== {{head|mnc|noun}} # [[sấm|Sấm]]. ==={{ĐM|ref}}=== * {{R:mnc:Norman:2013}} {{C|mnc|Thời tiết}} 98x6es85qx53vahvhb7ev6mv5wg5uhf