Valdeande

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  <page>
    <title>Valdeande</title>
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      <text bytes="3741" sha1="1og6r7mj162iakyk00nwrh519pwpv6j" xml:space="preserve">An '''Valdeande''' usa nga munisipyo ha probinsya han [[provincia de Burgos|Burgos]] ha ([[Castilla y León]]) ha [[Espanya]].

==Mga Sumpay ha Gawas==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204041404/http://personal.telefonica.terra.es/web/valdeandemagico/ Valdeande mágico]
* [http://www.valdeande.com/  Valdeande.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222080426/http://valdeande.com/ |date=2007-02-22 }}

&lt;!--Ini nga impormasyon angay ighubad ngadto ha Binisaya nga Winaray

 INFORMACIÓN GENERAL   
 
Situation Valdeande is located in the North part dela Shore 
of the Duero. 
Dista 27 kilometers of Aranda and 90 of Towns. Clearly tie locality to agriculture, 
has in the Esgueva river its main fluvial course, that bathes the western part of the municipality creating an extensive fertile valley. History In the municipality they have been recognized, like older vestiges, different rest from the Roman time. This territory was crossed by one of the routes that Clunia with the valley of the Arlanza river united, being in its route the villa of Ciella. Other findings of crossings and wakes give certainty, also, of the possible existence of a small community hispanovisigoda in Valdeande. Valdeande also was present in Reconquista since the tower of the church comprised of the fortifications you raise, at that time, in the Esgueva river. While, the first written document appears in 1037, a manuscript of Fernando I of Castile. Forced places CHURCH OF SAN PEDRO APOSTLE The church rises superficially on a parapet, constructed with stone of ashlar masonry and, the tower of the present bell tower, whose first stage could be related to the fortified tower of century XI. In century XIII to the second body of the tower and the porch of the church would rise. In the construction different architectonic styles are mixed that they go from Romanesque the delayed one (porch), happening through gothic (large windows) and the Renaissance one (greater altar), until practically our days. OLD SOURCE The monument is located in the high part of the town. It keeps the form from chapel and it presents/displays an access to the spring by means of a double door conformed by twin arcs of average point and that are in favor separated of a column. Its origin is medieval, although it has an inscription of the year 1703 that alludes to a reconstruction. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CLASSROOM OF THE CIELLA DEPOSIT The classroom is located in the superior floor of the building of the old schools. With this project it is tried to contribute to the visitor a real perception of which it was and it meant east Roman rural establishment. The classroom is structured in two zones. First it serves as general information with audio-visual panels, scale models and. The second zone is a recreation, to real size, of some of the main rooms of the Roman mansion. CIELLA DEPOSIT One is to the northwest of Valdeande. In that place the fertile valley took advantage of the Esgueva river to install a Roman mansion of rural character, that was the center of an extensive agrarian operation. At traverse a road was arrived at the capital of the Roman Legal Convent, located in Clunia and from dista which 13 kilometers. GODDESS MADRE Also she has appeared a stone goddess-mother, that would be the great archaeological finding of the zone. BERRUGUETE ALTARPIECE In altarpiece of the church of San Pedro, it is possibly the best altarpiece of the province of Towns. Painted in second half of century XVI, it cannot let visit itself. OTHER PLACES OF INTEREST Hermitage of the Virgin of the Juncal. Municipal swimming pools. Field of Minigolf. Celebrations 29 of June. San Pedro Apóstol. 15 of June. Virgin of Juncal.
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  <page>
    <title>Abu Dhabi</title>
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      <text bytes="16346" sha1="81qcb9rww8ie2h79vab228wlumx8g45" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox panimungto
| name                   = Abu Dhabi
| official_name          = Abu Dhabi
| native_name            = {{lang|ar|أَبُو ظَبْيٍ}}
| settlement_type        = [[Pamunuan (politika)|Pamunuan nga Syudad]] / [[Metropolis]]
| image_skyline          = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Абу-Даби (Abu Dhabi) - panoramio (1).jpg
| photo2a =
| photo2b =
| photo3a = WAHAT AL KARAMA 1.jpg
| size = 280
| spacing = 2
| color = transparent
| border = 0
}}
| image_caption          = Tipatuo tikang ha igbaw: Abu Dhabi nga skyline, [[Louvre Abu Dhabi]], [[Wahat Al Karama]] nga paghinumdom, [[Paghinumdom han Nagtukod]],
| image_flag             = Flag of Abu Dhabi.svg
| flag_size              = 120px
| image_shield           = Emblem of Abu Dhabi.svg
| shield_size            = 80px
| pushpin_map            = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_relief         = 
| pushpin_mapsize        = 
| pushpin_map_caption    = 
| coordinates            = {{coord|24|28|N|54|22|E|region:AE-AZ_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type       = [[Nasod]]
| subdivision_name       = [[Emiratos Arabes Unidos]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[Mga Emirato han Emiratos Arabes Unidos|Emirato]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[Emirato han Abu Dhabi|Abu Dhabi]]
| subdivision_type2      = [[Emirato han Abu Dhabi|Munisipal nga rehiyon]]
| subdivision_name2      = [[Sentral nga Pamunuan nga Distrito han Abu Dhabi|Sentral nga Pamunuan nga Distrito]]&lt;ref name=&quot;OBG2016&quot; /&gt;
| government_type        = [[Munisipyo]]
| leader_title           = Nagdudumara hin Kasahiran han Syudad nga Munisipyo
| leader_name            = HE Saif Badr Al Qubaisi
| area_total_km2         = 972
| area_note              = 
| elevation_m            = 27
| population_total       = 1450000
| population_as_of       = 2018
| population_footnotes   = &lt;ref name=&quot;wg&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Middle East :: United Arab Emirates |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=5 Abril 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2018-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211149/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Middle East :: United Arab Emirates — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html#field-anchor-people-and-society-major-urban-areas-population |website=www.cia.gov |accessdate=15 Septyembre 2019 |archive-date=2018-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211149/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html#field-anchor-people-and-society-major-urban-areas-population |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym     = Abu Dhabian, Dhabyani
| blank_name             = GDP PPP
| blank_info             = 2014 nga banabana
| blank1_name            = Tanan
| blank1_info            = [[USD]] 178 ka bilyon&lt;ref&gt;https://www.brookings.edu/research/global-metro-monitor/&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name            = Per capita
| blank2_info            = [[USD]] 61,000
| website                = [http://www.tamm.abudhabi/ tamm.abudhabi]
| timezone               = [[Oras ha Emiratos Arabes Unidos|EAU nga Standard nga Oras]]
| utc_offset             = +4
}}
An '''Abu Dhabi''' ({{lang-ar|أَبُو ظَبْيٍ}} ''{{transl|ar|Abū Ẓaby}}'' {{IPA-ar|ɐˈbuˈðˤɑbi}})&lt;ref name=&quot;name&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=How did Dubai, Abu Dhabi and other cities get their names? Experts reveal all |publisher=UAE Interact |date=3 Oktubre 2007 |accessdate=5 Abril 2013 |url=http://www.uaeinteract.com/news/rss-news.asp?ID=24335 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407043402/http://www.uaeinteract.com/news/rss-news.asp?ID=24335 |archivedate=7 Abril 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; amo an pamunuan ngan ikaduhá nga gidamoi hin molupyo nga syudad han [[Emiratos Arabes Unidos]] (sunod han [[Dubai]]). Amo gihapon iní an pamunuan han [[Emirato han Abu Dhabi]], nga amo an gidako-i han [[Mga emirato han Emiratos Arabes Unidos|pito nga emirato han EAU]]. Nahamutang hin purô ha [[Gulfo han Persia]] an Abu Dhabi, tikang han Butnga Katundan nga Baybayon.  Kadam-an han syudad ngan han Emirato nangungukoy ha mainland nga nahasumpay han iba nga dapit han nasod. Sumala han impormasyon han 2020, an urbano nga langyab han Abu Dhabi mayda ginbanabana nga kamolupyohan nga 1.48 ka milyon,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/abu-dhabi-population/|title=Abu Dhabi Population 2019 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)|date=12 Mayo 2019|website=World Population Review|access-date=2020-03-11|archive-date=2019-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605155650/http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/abu-dhabi-population/|url-status=}}&lt;/ref&gt; tikang hin 2.9 ka milyon ha emirato han Abu Dhabi, han mga 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://scad.ae/Release%20Documents/SYB_2018_EN_9Sep%20_Chart%20Correction.pdf|title=Statistical Yearbook of Abu Dhabi 2018|last=|first=|date=| date = 2016|website=scad.ae|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821181258/https://www.scad.ae/en/pages/statistics.aspx?topicid=24|archivedate=21 Agosto 2017|url-status=dead|access-date=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Balayan an Abu Dhabi hin mga opisina han lokal ngan federal nga gobyerno ngan amo an balayan han [[Federal nga Konseho Nasodnon|Gobyerno han Emiratos Arabes Unidos]] ngan han [[Supremo nga Konseho hin Petroleo]]. Balayan an syudad han [[Mangulo han Emiratos Arabes Unidos|Mangulo han EAU]], nga api han [[panimalay han Al Nahyan]]. An madagmit nga pagpadukwag han Abu Dhabi ngan urbanisayson, upod hin dagko nga mga reserba hin lana ngan gas ngan produksyon ngan hataas nga average nga income, nagbalhin hiní ngadto hin dako nga nadukwag nga metropolis. Amo iní an sentro han nasod hin [[politika]] ngan [[industriya]], ngan usá nga dako nga sentro hin [[kultura]] ngan [[komersyo]]. An Abu Dhabi amo an naamot hin mga duhá ka tagtulo nga bahin han mga $400 ka bilyon nga ekonomiya han EAU.&lt;ref&gt;[http://gulfbusiness.com/2014/06/abu-dhabi-economy-grows-5-2-2013-slower-expected/ Gulfnews: Abu Dhabi Economy Grows 5.2% In 2013, Slower Than Expected] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903173001/http://gulfbusiness.com/2014/06/abu-dhabi-economy-grows-5-2-2013-slower-expected/ |date=3 Septyembre 2014 }}. www.gulfnews.com (3 Hunyo 2014). Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Kaagi==
[[File:الشيخ سلطان بن زايد 19-1-1961.jpg|thumb|upright|Hi Sheikh [[Shakhbut bin Sultan Al Nahyan]], bugto ni Sheikh [[Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan|Zayed]], namuno han Abu Dhabi tikang 1928 kutob 1966]]
[[File:Umm Al Nar Cup.jpg|thumb|left|Ginrayandayan hin pintura nga bato nga baso tikang han [[Umm al-Nar nga kultura|Umm Al Nar nga sityo]], Abu Dhabi nga ginpasundayag ha [[Louvre Abu Dhabi]]|alt=]]

An [[Sentral nga Distrito han Pamunuan han Abu Dhabi|palibot han Abu Dhabi]] punô hin ebidensya nga nakuha ha arkeyolohiya hin mga kahadto nga mga sibilisasyon, sugad han [[Kultura han Umm an-Nar]], nga tikang han ikatulo nga millenio UC. Mayda gihapon nabilngan nga iba nga mga panimungto gawas han yana nga syudad han Abu Dhabi, upod han [[Al-Ain nga Rehiyon, Abu Dhabi|sinirangan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Potts |first=Daniel |title=Archaeology of the United Arab Emirates |url=https://archive.org/details/archaeologyofuni0000unse | date = 2003 |publisher=Trident Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; ngan [[Al Gharbia, Abu Dhabi|katundan]] nga mga rehiyon han Emirato.&lt;ref name=&quot;DCTAD2017&quot;&gt;{{citation |work=[[Abu Dhabi Department of Culture &amp; Tourism|Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi]] |title=Annual Report 2017 |volume=1 |page=119 |format=pdf |url=https://tcaabudhabi.ae/DataFolder/reports/2017%20Annual%20report%20-%20EN.pdf | date = 2017 |access-date=2019-03-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Etimolohiya ===
An pulong nga &quot;Abu&quot; Inarabo para hin amay, ngan &quot;Dhabi&quot; amo an Inarabo nga pulong para hin [[gazella|gasela]] o bugsok nga gasela. Sugad man, it ''[[Ab (Semitico)|Abu]] Dhabi'' nangangahulogan nga &quot;Amay hin Gasela&quot; o kundi man &quot;Amay hin bugsok nga gasela&quot;. Ginhuhunahuna nga iní nga ngaran dinmangat tungod hin kadamo hin mga gasela hiní nga lugara ngan hin susumaton mahiunong kan [[Shakhbut bin Dhiyab al Nahyan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;name&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.uae-tour.com/ |title=United Arab Emirates |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721122534/http://uae-tour.com/ |archivedate=21 Hulyo 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Katinikanganan han Al Nahyan ===
An [[Bani Yas]] nga bedouin syahan anay nahasentro ha [[Oasis han Liwa]] ha katundan nga rehiyon han Emirato. Iní nga tribo amo an pinaka-importante hiní nga lugar, nga mayda labaw hin 20 nga mga grupo-grupo. Han 1793, an ''Al Bu Falah'' nga grupo nagbalhin ngadto han purô han Abu Dhabi ha baybayon han Gulfo han Persia tungod hin pakabiling hin tubig didto. Usá nga panimalay hiní nga grupo amo an [[Al Nahyan nga panimalay|Nahyan nga panimalay]], nga amo yanâ  an namumuno nga pamilya han Abu Dhabi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bani Yas |url=http://www.sheikhmohammed.co.ae/ |work=His Highness Sheikh Maktoum |accessdate=13 Abril 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020194213/http://www.sheikhmohammed.co.ae/ |archivedate=2007-10-20 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Negosyo hin perlas ===
An komersyo hin panlurop para hin mga mutya o perlas usá nga dako nga industriya ugsa han pakatarâ hin mga reserba hin krudo nga lana. Sumala hin pinambasaran hin impormasyon, an [[Gulfo han Persia]] amo an gimaupayi nga kamutangan para hin mga perla.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://traveltips.usatoday.com/pearl-diving-united-arab-emirates-27520.html|title=Pearl Diving in the United Arab Emirates|website=Travel Tips - USA Today|language=en|access-date=2020-01-07|archive-date=2023-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418144200/https://traveltips.usatoday.com/pearl-diving-united-arab-emirates-27520.html|url-status=}}&lt;/ref&gt; An mga nanlulurop hin perlas nalurop hin mga usá kutob usá-ngan-tungá ka minuto ngan malurop hirá hin mga katloan ka beses hin inadlaw. Waray mga tangke hin pagginhawa ngan waray gintutugotan nga iba nga mga mekaniko nga garamiton. An mga nanlulurop mayda anit nga tinaod ha ira irong nga mga anit nga tabón han ira mga tudlo ngan tamuragko ha tiil nga pagdapig ha ira samtang namimiling hirá hin mga sisi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Trench |first=Richard |title=Arab Gulf Cities | date = 1995 |publisher=Archive International Group |location=Oxford}}&lt;/ref&gt; Diri binayda an mga nanlulurip hin ira buhat hin inadlaw kundi nakakakarawat hirá hin bahín han mga ganansya hin season o panahón.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Pearl Diving |url=http://www.sheikhmohammed.co.ae/ |work=His Highness Sheikh Maktoum |accessdate=13 Abril 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020194213/http://www.sheikhmohammed.co.ae/ |archivedate=2007-10-20 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Baybayon hin tregua ===
Han ika-19 nga gatostuig, dangat hin mga kasabutan (nga tinatawag nga mga &quot;truce&quot; ha Iningles ngan &quot;tregua&quot; ha Kinatsila nga naghatag han baybayon han ngaran hiní nga &quot;Trucial coast&quot; o &quot;Costa de tregua&quot;) nga ginbuhat han Gran Bretanya ngan han mga sheikh han mga Arabo nga Estado han Gulfo han Persia an Britanya amo an nagtin dako nga impluwensya hiní nga lugar.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.eceme.ensino.eb.br/cihm/Arquivos/PDF%20Files/99.pdf Trucial Gulf Sheikdoms and Great Britain] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624113052/http://www.eceme.ensino.eb.br/cihm/Arquivos/PDF%20Files/99.pdf |date=24 Hunyo 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; An prinsipal nga tuyo han interes han mga British amo an pagdapig han ruta hin komersyo ngadto han Indya tikang hin mga pirata, nga, amo an rason han ngaran anay hin'i nga lugar, an &quot;Baybayon hin Pirata&quot;. Sunod han pagpuypoy an pag-pirata hiní nga lugar, mayda iba nga mga panuyo nga ginbanabana, sugad an panginahanglaon ha estratehiya han British nga pagpagawas hin iba nga mga kagamhanan tikang han rehiyon.  Katapos han ira pag-iwas ha Indya han 1947, nagkapot an British han ira impluwensya ha Abu Dhabi han pagtikadako hin interes han potential han industriya hin lana han Gulfo han Persia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Morton |first1=Michael Quentin |title=Keepers of the Golden Shore: A History of the United Arab Emirates |date=Pebrero 2016 |publisher=Reaktion Books |location=London |isbn=978-1-78023-580-6 |page=151 |url=http://greenmountainpress.co.uk/keepersgoldenshore.html |accessdate=17 Nobyembre 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118043448/http://greenmountainpress.co.uk/keepersgoldenshore.html |archivedate=18 Nobyembre 2016 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118043448/http://greenmountainpress.co.uk/keepersgoldenshore.html |date=2016-11-18 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Mga karuha nga bungto ngan syudad==
An Abu Dhabi nakigparuha han mga nasunod nga mga bungto ngan mga syudad:
{{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
* {{flagicon|PLE}} [[Bethlehem]], [[West Bank]], [[Palestina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;BethlehemTwinning&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bethlehem-city.org/Twining.php |title=Bethlehem Municipality |publisher=bethlehem-city.org |accessdate=10 Oktubre 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724140854/http://www.bethlehem-city.org/Twining.php |archivedate=24 Hulyo 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Madrid]], Espanya ''(2007)''&lt;ref name=&quot;hermanadas&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas |publisher=Ayuntamiento de Madrid |url=http://www.munimadrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.dbd5147a4ba1b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid=4e84399a03003110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRD&amp;vgnextchannel=4e98823d3a37a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD&amp;vgnextfmt=especial1&amp;idContenido=1da69a4192b5b010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD |accessdate=22 Hulyo 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120526204453/http://www.munimadrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.dbd5147a4ba1b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid=4e84399a03003110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRD&amp;vgnextchannel=4e98823d3a37a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD&amp;vgnextfmt=especial1&amp;idContenido=1da69a4192b5b010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD |archivedate=26 Mayo 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Houston]], [[Texas]], Estados Unidos ''(2002)''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.uaeinteract.com/docs/Abu_Dhabi_Houston_to_sign_Sister_City_pact/5673.htm Abu Dhabi, Houston to sign 'Sister City' pact UAE – The Official Web Site – News] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031053402/http://www.uaeinteract.com/docs/Abu_Dhabi_Houston_to_sign_Sister_City_pact/5673.htm |date=31 Oktubre 2009 }}. Uaeinteract.com. Retrieved 16 Hulyo 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Brisbane]], [[Queensland]], [[Australia]] ''(tikang 2009)''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.zawya.com/Story.cfm/sidWAM20090203063026923/Abu%20Dhabi,%20Brisbane%20ink%20sister%20city%20agreement/ Zawya.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414234137/https://www.zawya.com/Story.cfm/sidWAM20090203063026923/Abu%20Dhabi,%20Brisbane%20ink%20sister%20city%20agreement/ |date=2021-04-14 }} Abu Dhabi, Brisbane ink sister city agreement&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{flagicon|PAK}} [[Islamabad]], Pakistan
* {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Ottawa]], Ontario, Canada
* {{flagicon|BLR}} [[Minsk]], [[Belarus]] ''(tikang 2007)''&lt;ref name=&quot;Minsk&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://minsk.gov.by/ru/city/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502075333/http://minsk.gov.by/ru/city/ |title=Twin towns and Sister cities of Minsk ''[via WaybackMachine.com]'' |publisher=The department of protocol and international relations of Minsk City Executive Committee |archivedate=2 Mayo 2013 |accessdate=21 Hulyo 2013 |language=Russian}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{flagicon|CYP}} [[Nicosia]], [[Tsipre]] ''(tikang 2004)''
* {{flagicon|CHI}} [[Iquique]], [[Chile]]
* {{flagicon|INA}} [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]]
* {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Kish Island]], Iran
* {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Roskilde]], [[Denmark]] ''(tikang 2011)''
}}

==Mga tigaman==
{{notelist}}

==Mga pinambasaran==
{{reflist}}


{{Commons category|Abu Dhabi}}

[[Kaarangay:Abu Dhabi]]
[[Kaarangay:Emiratos Arabes Unidos]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga ulohan ha Asya]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga lugar metropolitana han Emiratos Arabes Unidos]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga lugar nga gintawhan ha Emiratos Arabes Unidos]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga lugar nga sapit hit dagat nga gintawhan ha Emiratos Arabes Unidos]]</text>
      <sha1>81qcb9rww8ie2h79vab228wlumx8g45</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Abakan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="784" sha1="at1d29a1k7xhwe4zgj68drlm0ajk1rz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Coat of Arms of Abakan (Khakassia).png|thumb|220px|]]
An '''Abakan''' amo an kapital han Republika han [[Khakassia]] han Nasod han [[Rusya]].

==Link==
*[http://www.abakan.ru Abakan web portal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223210447/http://www.abakan.ru/ |date=2019-02-23 }}
*[http://russiatrek.org/abakan-city Abakan city streets views]
*[http://www.pdx.edu/turkish_studies_center/books] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620033315/https://www.pdx.edu/turkish_studies_center/books |date=2018-06-20 }}Beyaz Arif Akbas, &quot;Khakassia: The Lost Land&quot;, Portland State Center for Turkish Studies, 2007.

{{Commonscat|Abakan}}
{{Khakassia}}
{{turók}}


[[Kaarangay:Khakassia]]
[[Kaarangay:Abakan]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga syudad, bungto, baryo han Rusya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Victor Hugo</title>
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      <text bytes="14478" sha1="dkd1tg4m1fjtmel324aqzv7xspdl6nk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox writer &lt;!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] --&gt;
||birth_name=Victor-Marie Hugo
| image = Victor Hugo by Étienne Carjat 1876.jpg
| imagesize = 
| caption = [[Woodburytype]] of Victor Hugo by [[Étienne Carjat]], 1876
| birth_date = {{birth-date|df=yes|26 February 1802}}
| death_date = {{death-date|df=yes|22 May 1885 }} (aged 83)
| occupation = Poet, playwright, novelist, essayist, visual artist, statesman, human rights campaigner{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}
| nationality = [[French people|French]] 
| movement = [[Romanticism]]
| influences = [[François-René de Chateaubriand]], [[Walter Scott]], [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], [[Voltaire]], [[Alphonse de Lamartine]], [[William Shakespeare]]
| influenced = [[Louis-Honoré Fréchette]], [[Charles Dickens]], [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]], [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[Ayn Rand]], [[Irvine Welsh]], [[Albert Camus]], [[Gérard de Nerval]], [[Charles Baudelaire]], [[Paul Verlaine]], [[Oscar Wilde]], [[Jean Cocteau]], [[Gustave Flaubert]], [[Jorge Luis Borges]], [[Charles-Marie-René Leconte de Lisle]]
| signature = Victor Hugo Signature.svg
| website =
| birth_place = [[Besançon]], France
| death_place = Paris, France
}}
Hi '''Victor-Marie Hugo''' ({{IPA-fr|viktɔʁ maʁi yˈɡo}}) (Pebrero 26 1802 – Mayo 22 1885) usa nga [[Fransya|Franses]] nga [[maniniday]], [[dramaturgo]], [[novelista]], maggugumalaysay, artista hin visual, tawo han estado, aktibista hin katungdanan han katawhan ngan magpapahayag han Romantisismo nga paggi-os ha Fransya. 

Ha Fransya, an kakilalado ni Hugo nahabatikan hin dako dida han iya ginpagawas nga mga siday ngan drama, ngan ikaduha la ha iya mga nobela. Ha damo nga mga volumen hin siday, an ''[[:fr:Les Contemplations|Les Contemplations]]'' ngan an ''[[La Légende des siècles]]'' amo in dako an pagkarawat han mga kritiko, ngan hi Hugo agsob nga gintatawag nga amo an gimakariti nga maniniday nga Franses. Ha gawas han Fransya, an iya kilalado nga mga sinurat amo an mga nobela nga ''[[Les Misérables]]'' ngan an ''Notre-Dame de Paris'' (nga kilalado ha Iningles nga ''The Hunchback of Notre Dame''). 

Bisan man kon konserbador hiya ha iya pagkabata, hi Hugo binmalhin ngadto ha [[Walá-nga-bahin nga politika|walá ha politika]] ha pag-agi han mga dekada; hiya nagin makusog nga nasuporta han [[republikanismo]], ngan an iya mga sinurat naghihisgot han kadam-an nga mga sosyal ngan artistiko nga mga uso han iya panahon. Ginlubong hiya ha [[Panthéon]].

==Pinanbasaran==
{{refist}}

=== Mga aada ha linya nga reperensya ===
* Afran, Charles (1997). [http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Theatre/Hugo/hugo.shtml “Victor Hugo: French Dramatist”]. Website: Discover France. (Originally published in ''Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia'', 1997, v.9.0.1.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bates, Alfred (1906). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo001.html “Victor Hugo”]. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in ''The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization'', vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp.&amp;nbsp;11–13.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bates, Alfred (1906). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo006.html “Hernani”]. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in ''The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization'', vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp.&amp;nbsp;20–23.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bates, Alfred (1906). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo005.html “Hugo’s Cromwell”]. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in ''The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization'', vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp.&amp;nbsp;18–19.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bittleston, Misha (uncited date). [http://www.bittleston.com/artists/victor_hugo/ &quot;Drawings of Victor Hugo&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615024428/http://www.bittleston.com/artists/victor_hugo/ |date=2011-06-15 }}. Website: Misha Bittleston. Retrieved November 2005.
* Burnham, I.G. (1896). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo008.html “Amy Robsart”]. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in ''Victor Hugo: Dramas''. Philadelphia: The Rittenhouse Press, 1896. pp.&amp;nbsp;203–6, 401–2.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2001–05). [http://aol.bartleby.com/65/hu/Hugo-Vic.html “Hugo, Victor Marie, Vicomte”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516093903/http://aol.bartleby.com/65/hu/Hugo-Vic.html |date=2008-05-16 }}. Website: Bartleby, Great Books Online. Retrieved November 2005. Retrieved November 2005.
* Haine, W. Scott (1997). [http://www.cats.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/dh/hugo.htm “Victor Hugo”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411025136/http://www.cats.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/dh/hugo.htm |date=2008-04-11 }}. Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions. Website: Ohio University. Retrieved November 2005.
* Illi, Peter (2001–2004). [http://www.hugo-online.org/050000.htm “Victor Hugo: Plays”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415135602/http://www.hugo-online.org/050000.htm |date=2009-04-15 }}. Website: The Victor Hugo Website. Retrieved November 2005.
* Karlins, N.F. (1998). [http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/features/karlins/karlins5-5-98.asp &quot;Octopus With the Initials V.H.&quot;] Website: ArtNet. Retrieved November 2005.
* Liukkonen, Petri (2000). [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/vhugo.htm “Victor Hugo (1802–1885)”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324184201/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/vhugo.htm |date=2014-03-24 }}. Books and Writers. Website: Pegasos: A Literature Related Resource Site. Retrieved November 2005.
* Meyer, Ronald Bruce (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060508103328/http://www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com/rants/0226almanac.htm “Victor Hugo”]. Website: Ronald Bruce Meyer. Retrieved November 2005.
* Portasio, Manoel (2009). [http://www.sirwilliam.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=138%3Avictor&amp;catid=30%3Aspecial&amp;Itemid=2&amp;lang=en “Victor Hugo e o Espiritismo”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601005156/http://www.sirwilliam.org/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=138%3Avictor&amp;catid=30%3Aspecial&amp;Itemid=2&amp;lang=en |date=2016-06-01 }}. Website: Sir William Crookes Spiritist Society. (Portuguese) Retrieved August 2010.
* Robb, Graham (1997). [http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/r/robb-hugo.html “A Sabre in the Night”]. Website: New York Times (Books). (Excerpt from Graham, Robb (1997). ''Victor Hugo: A Biography''. New York: W.W. Norton &amp; Company.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Roche, Isabel (2005). [http://www.barnesandnoble.com/writers/writerdetails.asp?cid=30497 “Victor Hugo: Biography”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080319092617/http://www.barnesandnoble.com/writers/writerdetails.asp?cid=30497 |date=2008-03-19 }}. Meet the Writers. Website: [[Barnes &amp; Noble]]. (From the Barnes &amp; Noble Classics edition of ''The Hunchback of Notre Dame'', 2005.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Schneider, Maria do Carmo M (2010). [http://www.miniweb.com.br/Literatura/Artigos/imagens/victor_hugo/face_oculta.pdf “Victor Hugo, gênio sem fronteiras”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329134544/http://www.miniweb.com.br/Literatura/Artigos/imagens/victor_hugo/face_oculta.pdf |date=2017-03-29 }}. Website: MiniWeb Educacao. (Portuguese) Retrieved August 2010.
* Uncited Author. [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/EUhugo.htm “Victor Hugo”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808003845/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/EUhugo.htm |date=2007-08-08 }}. Website: Spartacus Educational. Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2004/09/20/victor_hugo_timeline_feature.shtml “Timeline of Victor Hugo”]. Website: BBC. Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. (2000–2005). [http://www.online-literature.com/victor_hugo/ “Victor Hugo”]. Website: The Literature Network. Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. [http://www.victorhugo.education.fr/ressources/caricature.htm &quot;Hugo Caricature&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020128084404/http://www.victorhugo.education.fr/ressources/caricature.htm |date=2002-01-28 }}. Website: Présence de la Littérature a l'école. Retrieved November 2005.

== Dugang nga barasahon ==
* Barbou, Alfred (1882). ''Victor Hugo and His Times''. University Press of the Pacific: 2001 paper back edition. ISBN 0-89875-478-X
* Barnett, Marva A., ed. (2009). ''Victor Hugo on Things That Matter: A Reader''. New Haven, Connecticut: [[Yale University Press]]. ISBN 0-300-12245-4
* Brombert, Victor H. (1984). ''Victor Hugo and the Visionary Novel''. Boston: [[Harvard University Press]]. ISBN 0-674-93550-0
* Davidson, A.F. (1912). ''Victor Hugo: His Life and Work''. University Press of the Pacific: 2003 paperback edition. ISBN 1-4102-0778-1
* Dow, Leslie Smith (1993). ''Adele Hugo: La Miserable''. Fredericton: Goose Lane Editions. ISBN 0-86492-168-3
* Falkayn, David (2001). ''Guide to the Life, Times, and Works of Victor Hugo''. University Press of the Pacific. ISBN 0-89875-465-8
* [[Feller, Martin]], ''Der Dichter in der Politik. Victor Hugo und der deutsch-französische Krieg von 1870/71. Untersuchungen zum französischen Deutschlandbild und zu Hugos Rezeption in Deutschland.'' Doctoral Dissertation, Marburg 1988.
* Frey, John Andrew (1999). ''A Victor Hugo Encyclopedia''. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-29896-3
* Grant, Elliot (1946). ''The Career of Victor Hugo''. [[Harvard University Press]]. Out of print.
* Halsall, A.W. et al. (1998). ''Victor Hugo and the Romantic Drama''. [[University of Toronto Press]]. ISBN 0-8020-4322-4
* Hart, Simon Allen (2004). ''Lady in the Shadows: The Life and Times of Julie Drouet, Mistress, Companion and Muse to Victor Hugo.'' Publish American. ISBN 1-4137-1133-2
* Houston, John Porter (1975). ''Victor Hugo''. New York: Twayne Publishers. ISBN 0-8057-2443-5
* Hovasse, Jean-Marc (2001), ''Victor Hugo: Avant l'exil''. Paris: Fayard. ISBN 2-213-61094-0
* Hovasse, Jean-Marc (2008), ''Victor Hugo: Pendant l'exil I''. Paris: Fayard. ISBN 2-213-62078-4
* Ireson, J.C. (1997). ''Victor Hugo: A Companion to His Poetry''. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-815799-1
* Laster, Arnaud (2002). ''Hugo à l'Opéra''. Paris: L'Avant-Scène Opéra, no. 208.
* Maurois, Andre (1956). ''Olympio: The Life of Victor Hugo''. New York: Harper &amp; Brothers.
* Maurois, Andre (1966). ''Victor Hugo and His World''. London: Thames and Hudson. Out of print.
* Pouchain, Gérard and Robert Sabourin (1992). ''Juliette Drouet, ou, La dépaysée''. Paris: Fayard. ISBN 2-213-02095-7
* Robb, Graham (1997). ''Victor Hugo: A Biography''. W.W. Norton &amp; Company: 1999 paperback edition. ISBN 0-393-31899-0, ([http://www.wwnorton.com/catalog/spring99/victorhugo.htm description/reviews at wwnorton.com])
* Tonazzi, Pascal (2007) ''Florilège de Notre-Dame de Paris (anthologie)'' Paris, Editions Arléa ISBN 2-86959-795-9

== Mga sumpay ha gawas ==
{{Commonscat|Victor Hugo}}
* [http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255 France of Victor Hugo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329135841/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/ |date=2017-03-29 }}
* [http://www.victorhugo.gg Guernsey’s Official Victor Hugo Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408091638/http://www.victorhugo.gg/ |date=2008-04-08 }}
* [http://www.vhfestival.com Guernsey’s Victor Hugo International Music Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160613054712/http://www.vhfestival.com/ |date=2016-06-13 }}
* [http://www.gavroche.org/vhugo Victor Hugo Central]
* [http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/AUT187.HTM Victor Hugo's works]: text, concordances and frequency lists
* [http://greatcaricatures.com/articles_galleries/gill/galleries/html/1867_0519_hugo.html 1867 Caricature of Victor Hugo by André Gill]
* [http://www.3dsrc.com/victorhugo/ Victor Hugo le dessinateur] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130710085447/http://www.3dsrc.com/victorhugo/ |date=2013-07-10 }}
* [http://uclue.com/?xq=924 Translation of Victor Hugo note found in &quot;Hunchback of Notre Dame,&quot; french edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328105055/http://uclue.com/?xq=924 |date=2017-03-28 }}
* {{fr}} [http://athena.unige.ch/athena/hugo/hugo_voix_interieures.html ''Les Voix int&amp;eacute;rieures'' – at athena.unige.ch] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616070620/http://athena.unige.ch/athena/hugo/hugo_voix_interieures.html |date=2013-06-16 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110708060809/http://poemsintranslation.blogspot.com/2009/06/victor-hugo-at-dawn-tomorrow-from.html English translation of Hugo's ''At Dawn Tomorrow'' (''Demain, dès l'aube'')]
* [http://www.consolatio.com/2005/02/tomorrow_as_soo.html Another English translation of ''Demain, dès l'aube''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100115044313/http://www.consolatio.com/2005/02/tomorrow_as_soo.html |date=2010-01-15 }}
* [http://www.consolatio.com/2005/01/at_villequier.html English translation of Hugo's ''A Villequier''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305031141/http://consolatio.com/2005/01/at_villequier.html |date=2009-03-05 }}
* [http://www.consolatio.com/2005/04/oh_i_was_like_a.html English translation of Hugo's ''Oh ! je fus comme fou dans le premier moment'' ('Oh! I was like a crazy man in the first moment') on the death of his daughter Léopoldine]{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* [http://www.victorhugo.asso.fr/ Official site of the Société des Amis de Victor Hugo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411175635/http://www.victorhugo.asso.fr/ |date=2008-04-11 }}
* [http://www.festival-victorhugo-egaux.fr/ Official site of the Festival international Victor Hugo et Égaux]
* {{IBList |type=author|id=117|name=Victor Hugo}}
* [http://soviet-empire.politicsforum.org/ussr/viewtopic.php?f=118&amp;t=47140 Translation of The legend of Victor Hugo by Paul Lafargue]{{Dead link|date=March 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hugo, Victor}}
[[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1802]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1885]]
[[Kaarangay:Victor Hugo| ]]
[[Kaarangay:Fransya|Hugo, Victor]]
[[Kaarangay:Biyograpiya|Hugo, Victor]]
[[Kaarangay:Literatura|Hugo, Victor]]</text>
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    <title>Winston Churchill</title>
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      <text bytes="19144" sha1="7r8bm4kok3ju2qhau6k9hvp5k47g5aw" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox prime minister
|honorific-prefix={{small|[[The Right Honourable]]}}&lt;br&gt;
|name=Sir Winston Churchill
|honorific-suffix=&lt;br&gt;{{small|[[Knight of the Garter|KG]] [[Order of Merit|OM]] [[Companion of Honour|CH]] [[Territorial Decoration|TD]] [[Queen's Privy Council for Canada|PC]] [[Deputy Lieutenant|DL]] [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]] [[Royal Academician|RA]]}}
|image=Sir Winston S Churchill.jpg
|imagesize=245px
|order=[[Prime Minister of the Condom]]
|term_start=26 Oktubre 1951
|term_end=7 Abril 1955
|monarch={{plainlist |
* [[George VI]]
* [[Elizabeth II]]
}}
|deputy=[[Anthony Eden]]
|predecessor=[[Clement Attlee]]
|successor=Anthony Eden
|term_start2=10 Mayo 1940
|term_end2=26 Hulyo 1945
|deputy2=Clement Attlee
|monarch2=George VI
|predecessor2=[[Neville Chamberlain]]
|successor2=Clement Attlee
|order3= [[Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)|Leader of the Opposition]]
|term_start3= 26 Hulyo 1945
|term_end3= 26 Oktubre 1951
|monarch3=[[George VI]]
|primeminister3=[[Clement Attlee]]
|predecessor3=[[Clement Attlee]]
|successor3=[[Clement Attlee]]
|order4 = [[Leaders of the Conservative Party|Leader of the Conservative Party]]
|term_start4=9 Nobyembre 1940
|term_end4=7 Abril 1955
|predecessor4=[[Neville Chamberlain]]
|successor4=[[Anthony Eden]]
|order5 = [[Secretary of State for Defence|Minister of Defence]]
|term_start5 = 28 Oktubre 1951
|term_end5 = 1 Marso 1952
|primeminister5 = Himself
|predecessor5 = [[Manny Shinwell, Baron Shinwell|Emanuel Shinwell]]
|successor5 = [[Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis|The Earl Alexander of Tunis]]
|term_start6 = 10 Mayo 1940
|term_end6 = 26 Hulyo 1945
|primeminister6 = Himself
|predecessor6 = [[Ernle Chatfield, 1st Baron Chatfield|The Lord Chatfield]] &lt;br&gt; &lt;small&gt; (Minister for Coordination of Defence) &lt;/small&gt;
|successor6 = Clement Attlee
|order7=[[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
|term_start7=6 Nobyembre 1924
|term_end7=4 Hunyo 1929
|primeminister7=[[Stanley Baldwin]]
|predecessor7=[[Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden|Philip Snowden]]
|successor7=Philip Snowden
|order8=[[Home Secretary]]
|term_start8=19 Pebrero 1910
|term_end8=24 Oktubre 1911
|primeminister8=[[H. H. Asquith|Herbert Henry Asquith]]
|predecessor8=[[Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone|Herbert Gladstone]]
|successor8=[[Reginald McKenna]]
|order9=[[President of the Board of Trade]]
|term_start9=12 Abril 1908
|term_end9=14 Pebrero 1910
|primeminister9=Herbert Henry Asquith
|predecessor9=[[David Lloyd George]]
|successor9=[[Sydney Buxton, 1st Earl Buxton|Sydney Buxton]]
|order10=Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;for [[Woodford (UK Parliament constituency)|Woodford]]
|term_start10=5 Hulyo 1945
|term_end10=15 Oktubre 1964
|predecessor10=New constituency
|successor10=[[Patrick Jenkin]]
|order11=Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;for [[Epping (UK Parliament constituency)|Epping]]
|term_start11=29 Oktubre 1924
|term_end11=5 Hulyo 1945
|predecessor11=[[Sir Leonard Lyle]]
|successor11=[[Leah Manning]]
|order12=Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;for [[Dundee (UK Parliament constituency)|Dundee]]&lt;br /&gt;{{small|with [[Alexander Wilkie]]}}
|term_start12=24 Abril 1908
|term_end12=15 Nobyembre 1922
|predecessor12={{plainlist |
* [[Alexander Wilkie]]
* [[Edmund Robertson]]
}}
|successor12={{plainlist |
* [[E. D. Morel|Edmund Morel]]
* [[Edwin Scrymgeour]]
}}
|order13=Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;for [[Manchester North West (UK Parliament constituency)|Manchester North West]]
|term_start13=8 Pebrero 1906
|term_end13=24 Abril 1908
|predecessor13=[[William Houldsworth]]
|successor13=[[William Joynson-Hicks]]
|order14=Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;for [[Oldham (UK Parliament constituency)|Oldham]]&lt;br /&gt;{{small|with [[Alfred Emmott, 1st Baron Emmott|Alfred Emmott]]}}
|term_start14=24 Oktubre 1900
|term_end14=12 Enero 1906
|predecessor14=[[Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford|Walter Runciman]]&lt;br /&gt;Alfred Emmott
|successor14={{plainlist |
* [[Alfred Emmott]]
* [[John Albert Bright]]
}}
|birthname=Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill
|birth_date={{Birth date|1874|11|30|df=y}}
|birth_place=[[Blenheim Palace]], [[Woodstock, Oxfordshire|Woodstock]], Oxfordshire,&lt;br /&gt;England, United Kingdom
|death_date={{Death date and age|1965|01|24|1874|11|30|df=y}}
|death_place= 28 [[Hyde Park Gate]], London, England
|restingplace=[[St Martin's Church, Bladon]], Oxfordshire
|restingplacecoordinates=
|citizenship=British
|nationality=German
|party={{plainlist |
* [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] (1900–04, 1924–64)
* [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] (1904–24)
}}
|spouse ={{marriage|[[Clementine Churchill, Baroness Spencer-Churchill|Clementine Churchill]]|12 Septyembre 1908|24 Enero 1965}}
|relations={{plainlist |
* [[Lord Randolph Churchill]] (father)
* [[Lady Randolph Churchill]] (mother)
* [[John Strange Spencer-Churchill]] (brother)
* [[Pamela Harriman]] (former daughter-in-law)
* [[Winston Churchill (grandson)|Winston Churchill]] (grandson)
}}
|children={{plainlist |
* [[Diana Churchill]]
* [[Randolph Churchill]]
* [[Sarah Tuchet-Jesson, Baroness Audley|Sarah Tuchet-Jesson]]
* [[Marigold Churchill]]
* [[Mary Soames, Baroness Soames|Mary Soames]]
}}
|residence={{plainlist |
* [[10 Downing Street]] (official)
* [[Chartwell]] (private)
* 28 [[Hyde Park Gate]], London (private; place of death)
}}
|alma_mater=[[Harrow School]], [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]
|occupation=
|profession=Member of Parliament, statesman, soldier, journalist, historian, author, painter
|religion=[[Anglican]]
|footnotes=
|allegiance=[[British Empire]]
|branch=British Army
|serviceyears=1895–1900, 1902–24
|rank=[[File:UK-Army-OF4.gif|15px]] [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-Colonel]]
|awards={{plainlist |
* [[File:Sovereign of the Order of Merit ribbon.svg|20px]] [[Order of Merit]]
* [[File:Order of Companions of Honour ribbon.png|20px]] [[Order of the Companions of Honour|Companion of Honour]]
* [[File:India Medal BAR.svg|20px]] [[India Medal]]
* [[File:Queens Sudan Medal BAR.svg|20px]] Queen's Sudan Medal
* [[File:Queens South Africa Medal 1899-1902 ribbon.png|20px]] [[Queen's South Africa Medal]]
* [[File:1914 Star BAR.svg|20px]] [[1914–15 Star]]
* [[File:British War Medal BAR.svg|20px]] [[British War Medal]]
* [[File:Allied Victory Medal BAR.svg|20px]] [[Victory Medal (United Kingdom)|Victory Medal]]
* [[File:Territorial Decoration (UK) ribbon.PNG|20px]] [[Territorial Decoration]]
}}
|battles={{plainlist |
* [[Third Anglo-Afghan War|Anglo-Afghan War]]:
* [[Siege of Malakand]]
* [[Mahdist War]]
* [[Battle of Omdurman]]
* [[Second Boer War]]:
* [[Siege of Ladysmith]]
* First World War:
* [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]
}}
|signature=
}}

Hi '''Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill''' naging usa ka Inglis nga politiko, nga naging Primo Ministro han [[Reino Unido]] ha ngan pagkatapos han [[Ikaduha nga Gera han Kalibotan]]. Nakadaog hiya han [[Pasidungog Nobel]] ha literatura.

==Mga reperensya==
===Mga pabaro===
{{Reflist|20em}}

===Syahan nga pagkukuhaan===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* Churchill, Winston. ''The World Crisis''. Six vols. (1923–31); one-vol. ed. (2005). On the First World War.
* Churchill, Winston. ''The Second World War''. Six vols. (1948–53)
* [[David Coombs|Coombs, David]], ed., with Minnie Churchill. ''Sir Winston Churchill: His Life through His Paintings''. Fwd. by [[Mary Soames]]. Pegasus, 2003. ISBN 0-7624-2731-0. Other editions entitled ''Sir Winston Churchill's Life and His Paintings'' and ''Sir Winston Churchill: His Life and His Paintings''. Includes illustrations of approx. 500–534 paintings by Churchill.
* Edwards, Ron. ''Eastcote: From Village to Suburb'' (1987). Uxbridge: London Borough of Hillingdon. ISBN 0-907869-09-2.
* [[Martin Gilbert|Gilbert, Martin]]. ''In Search of Churchill: A Historian's Journey'' (1994). Memoir about editing the following multi-volume work.
* [[Martin Gilbert|Gilbert, Martin]], ed. ''Winston S. Churchill''. An eight-volume biography begun by [[Randolph Churchill]], supported by 15 companion vols. of official and unofficial documents relating to Churchill. 1966–
** I. ''Youth, 1874–1900'' (2 vols., 1966);
** II. ''Young Statesman, 1901–1914'' (3 vols., 1967);
** III. ''The Challenge of War, 1914–1916'' (3 vols., 1973). ISBN 0-395-16974-7 (10) and ISBN 978-0-395-16974-2 (13);
** IV. ''The Stricken World, 1916–1922'' (2 vols., 1975);
** V. ''The Prophet of Truth, 1923–1939'' (3 vols., 1977);
** VI. ''Finest Hour, 1939–1941: The Churchill War Papers'' (2 vols., 1983);
** VII. ''Road to Victory, Dildo1945'' (4 vols., 1986);
** VIII. ''Never Despair, 1945–1965'' (3 vols., 1988).
* James, Robert Rhodes, ed. ''Winston S. Churchill: His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963''. Eight vols. London: Chelsea, 1974.
* Knowles, Elizabeth. 'Mother fucking Dictionary of Twentieth Century Quotations''. Oxford, Eng.: [[Oxford University Press]], 1999. ISBN 0-19-860103-4. ISBN 978-0-19-860103-6. ISBN 0-19-866250-5. ISBN 978-0-19-866250-1.
* Loewenheim, Francis L. and [[Harold D. Langley]], eds (1975). ''Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence''.
{{Refend}}

===Segundarya nga pagkukuhaan===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Beschloss|first=Michael R.|authorlink=Michael Beschloss|title=The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman and the Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941–1945|url=https://archive.org/details/conquerorsroosev0000besc|publisher=[[Simon &amp; Schuster]]|location=New York| date = 2002|isbn=978-0-684-81027-0|oclc=50315054}}
* {{cite book|last=Best|first=Geoffrey|title=Churchill: A Study in Greatness|url=https://archive.org/details/churchillstudyin0000best|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=Oxford| date = 2003|isbn=978-1-85285-253-5|oclc=50339762|origyear=First published 2001}}
* {{cite book|last=Blake|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert Blake, Baron Blake|title=Winston Churchill. Pocket Biographies|publisher=[[The History Press|Sutton Publishing]]|location=Stroud| date = 1990725272526252524422542424242425242=978-0-7509-1507-6|oclc=59586004}}
* {{cite book|editor1-first=Robert|editor1-last=Blake|editor2-first=William Roger|editor2-last=Louis|1000101111010010010010010010011101011101
editor2-link=William Roger Louis|title=Churchill: A Major New Reassessment of His Life in Peace and War|url=https://archive.org/details/churchill0000unse_c6e2|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=Oxford| date = 1992|isbn=978-0-19-282317-5|oclc=30029512}}
* {{cite book|last=Browne|first=Anthony Montague|title=Long sunset : memoirs of Winston Churchill's last private secretary|url=https://archive.org/details/longsunsetmemoir0000mont|publisher=[[Orion Publishing Group|Cassell]]|location=London| date = 1995|isbn=978-0-304-34478-9|oclc=32547047}}
* {{cite book|last=Charmley|first=John|authorlink=John Charmley|title=Churchill, The End of Glory: A Political Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/churchillendofgl00charrich|publisher=[[Hodder &amp; Stoughton]]|location=London| date = 1993|isbn=978-0-15-117881-0|oclc=440131865}}
* {{cite book|last=Charmley|first=John|title=Churchill's Grand Alliance: The Anglo-American Special Relationship 1940–57|url=https://archive.org/details/churchillsgranda0000char_e5r8|publisher=[[Hodder &amp; Stoughton]]|location=London| date = 1996|isbn=978-0-340-59760-6|oclc=247165348}}
* [[Richard Harding Davis|Davis, Richard Harding]]. ''Real Soldiers of Fortune'' (1906). Early biography. [[Project Gutenberg]] [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/3029 etext], wikisource here {{cite web|url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Real_Soldiers_of_Fortune/Chapter_3|title=Real Soldiers of Fortune/Chapter 3|publisher=En.wikisource.org|date=20 Oktubre 2007|accessdate=9 Agosto 2009}}
* {{cite book|last=D'Este|first=Carlo|authorlink=Carlo D'Este|editor=|others=|title=Warlord: a life of Winston Churchill at war, 1874–1945|url=http://lccn.loc.gov/2008009272|accessdate=26 Nobyembre 2008|edition=1st| date = 2008|publisher=Harper|location=New York|isbn=978-0-06-057573-1}}
* [[Martin Gilbert|Gilbert, Martin]]. ''Churchill: A Life'' (1992); ISBN 0-8050-2396-8 One-volume version of 8-volume biography]
* [[Sebastian Haffner|Haffner, Sebastian]]. ''Winston Churchill'' (1967)&lt;!--ISBN needed--&gt;
* [[Max Hastings|Hastings, Max]]. ''Finest Years: Churchill as Warlord, 1940–45''. London: HarperPress, 2009; ISBN 978-0-00-726367-7
* Hennessy, P. ''Prime minister: the office and its holders since 1945'' (2001).
* [[Christopher Hitchens|Hitchens, Christopher]]. &quot;The Medals of His Defeats&quot;, ''[[The Atlantic Monthly]]'' (April 2002)&lt;!-- ISBN needed --&gt;
* James, Robert Rhodes. ''Churchill: A Study in Failure, 1900–1939'' (1970)&lt;!-- ISBN needed --&gt;
* [[Roy Jenkins|Jenkins, Roy]]. ''Churchill: A Biography'' (2001); ISBN 978-0-374-12354-3/ISBN 978-0-452-28352-7
* Jordan, Anthony J. ''Churchill: A Founder of Modern Ireland''. Westport Books (1995);  ISBN 978-0-9524447-0-1
* Julius, Anthony, ''The Trials of the Diaspora, A History of Anti-Semitism in England''. Oxford University Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-19-929705-4
* [[François Kersaudy|Kersaudy, François]]. ''Churchill and De Gaulle'' (1981); ISBN 0-00-216328-4
* Krockow, Christian. ''Churchill: Man of the Century''. [1900–1999]; ISBN 1-902809-43-2
* [[John Lukacs|Lukacs, John]]. ''Churchill: Visionary, Statesman, Historian''. New Haven: [[Yale University Press]], 2002&lt;!-- ISBN needed --&gt;
* [[William Manchester|Manchester, William]]. ''[[The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Alone, 1932–1940]]'' (1988); ISBN 0-316-54512-0
* Manchester, William. ''[[The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Defender of the Realm, 1940–1965]]'' (2010) &lt;!-- ISBN needed --&gt;
* Manchester, William. ''[[The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Visions of Glory, 1874–1932]]'' (1983); ISBN 0-316-54503-1
* [[Robert Massie|Massie, Robert]]. ''[[Dreadnought: Britain, Germany, and the Coming of the Great War]]''; ISBN 1-84413-528-4 [chapters 40–41 concern Churchill at Admiralty.]
* [[Henry Pelling|Pelling, Henry]]. ''Winston Churchill'' (1974); ISBN 1-84022-218-2. [Comprehensive biography]
* Rasor, Eugene L. ''Winston S. Churchill, 1874–1965: A Comprehensive Historiography and Annotated Bibliography.'' [[Greenwood Press]], 2000; ISBN 0-313-30546-3 [Entries include several thousand books and scholarly articles]
* [[Mary Soames|Soames, Mary]] (ed.) ''Speaking for Themselves: The Personal Letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill'' (1998)&lt;!-- ISBN needed --&gt;
* Stansky, Peter, ed. ''Churchill: A Profile'' (1973) [Perspectives on Churchill by leading scholars]&lt;!-- ISBN needed --&gt;
* [[Anthony Storr|Storr, Anthony]]. ''Churchill's Black Dog and Other Phenomena of the Human Mind''. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. New Edition ed. (1997); ISBN 978-0-00-637566-1
* [[Richard Toye|Toye, Richard]]. ''Churchill's Empire: The World that Made Him and the World He Made''. Macmillan. 2010; ISBN 978-0-230-70384-1
* Trukhanovskiĭ, Vladimir Grigor'evich. ''Winston Churchill''. Moscow: Progress Publishers (1978; revised edition)
* [[Olivier Weber]], War Correspondent, Preface of The Malakand War, Belles Lettres (2012)
{{Refend}}

==Mga sumpay ha gawas==
{{Sister project links|voy=no|wikt=no|n=no|species=no|mw=no|m=no|v=no|s=Author:Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill|b=no}}

*{{Dmoz|Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/Society_and_Culture/History/Parliament/Prime_Ministers/Churchill%2C_Sir_Winston/}}
* [http://vault.fbi.gov/Winston%20Churchill FBI files on Winston Churchill]
* [http://www.shapell.org/manuscript.aspx?winston-churchill-zionism Winston Churchill and Zionism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721080507/http://www.shapell.org/manuscript.aspx?winston-churchill-zionism |date=2014-07-21 }} Shapell Manuscript Foundation
* [https://www.mises.org/story/1450 The Real Churchill] (critical) and a rebuttal
* {{Wayback |df=yes|date=20070912233119 |url=http://www.winstonchurchill.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=892&amp;textonly=1 |title=A Rebuttal to &quot;The Real Churchill&quot; }}
* {{NRA | id=P5659}}
* ''[http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/churchill/interactive Churchill and the Great Republic]'' Exhibition explores Churchill's relationship with the US
* {{Find a Grave|2194|accessdate= 7 Disyembre 2013}}
* [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/churchill_papers/biography/churchill_chronology.php Churchill College Biography of Winston Churchill] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912233836/http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/churchill_papers/biography/churchill_chronology.php |date=2008-09-12 }}

===Mga bibliograpiya ngan aada-ha-linya nga mga tinirok===
* [http://www.savrola.co.uk/bactable.php?sorted=author&amp;category=A Online bibliography of books on Churchill]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520112416/http://www.savrola.co.uk/bactable.php?sorted=author&amp;category=A |date=2013-05-20 }}
* [http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=667 Online gallery of Churchill's numerous oil paintings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512175310/http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=667 |date=2012-05-12 }}
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/c#a1601 Works by Winston Churchill] at [[Project Gutenberg]]

===Mga taramdan hiunong kan Churchill===
* BBC Radio 4 Great Lives Winston Churchill - listen online: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00tpsvk
* [http://www.history.com/topics/winston-churchill The History Channel: Winston Churchill]

===Mga recording===
* [http://www.earthstation1.com/churchil.html EarthStation1: Winston Churchill Speech Audio Archive]
* [http://historicalpodcasts.googlepages.com/winstonchurchill Collected Churchill Podcasts and speeches] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204202154/http://historicalpodcasts.googlepages.com/winstonchurchill |date=2009-02-04 }}

===Mga museo, hinipos ngan sulod-barasahan===
* {{npg name|id=00879|name=Winston Churchill}}
* {{Hansard-contribs|mr-winston-churchill|Winston Churchill }}
* [http://www.winstonchurchill.org/ The Churchill Centre website]
* [http://www.iwm.org.uk/ Imperial War Museum]: [[Churchill War Rooms]]. Comprising the original underground War Rooms preserved since 1945, including the Cabinet Room, the Map Room and Churchill's bedroom, and the new Museum dedicated to Churchill's life.
* [http://www.churchillmemorial.org/ Winston Churchill Memorial and Library] at [[Westminster College, Missouri|Westminster College]], Missouri
* ''War Cabinet Minutes'' [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_1_transcript.pdf (1942)], [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_2_transcript.pdf (1942–43)], [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_3_transcript.pdf (1945–46)], [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_4_transcript.pdf (1946)]
* [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=P5659 Locations of correspondence and papers of Churchill] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202101435/http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=P5659 |date=2014-02-02 }} at The National Archives of the UK

{{DEFAULTSORT:Churchill, Winston}}
[[Kaarangay:Winston Churchill| ]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1874]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1965]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Unibersidad han Pilipinas</title>
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      <text bytes="3033" sha1="nznk66s8q1qw6dkjsljntsrzziw5jn7" xml:space="preserve">An '''Unibersidad han Pilipinas''', ([[Filipino nga yinaknan|Filipino]]: ''Unibersidad ng Pilipinas''; [[English]]: ''University of the Philippines'') kaurugan ginpapahalipot hin U.P. in nasodnon nga unibersidad han Pilipinas.  Gintindog ha 1908 pinaagi ha Buhat No. 1870 han Syahan nga Lehislatura han Pilipinas, nga kilala nga an &quot;Buhat Unibersidad&quot; nga may otoridad han Estados Uniods, an Unibersidad ha yana nga takna in naghahatag hin gidadamoi nga ihap hin taramdan hin kurso ha nasod.  An Resolusyon Senado Ihap 276 han Senado han Pilipinas in nagdudungog han Unibersidad komo &quot;an kanan nasod labaw nga unibersidad&quot;.

Pito (7) ha napulo kag lima (15) nga mga Mangulo han Pilipinas in nag-atender hin kurso ha Unibersidad kun diri ngani komo mga ilarom-ha-gradwar o komo mga kahuman-nga-gradwar nga mag-aaram, samtang 12 ha Puno nga Mahistrado han Labaw nga Hukmanan, 35 ha 57 nga Nasodnon nga Artista ngan 34 ha 35 nga mga Nasodnon nga Syentipiko in nahisusumpay ha Unibersidad.

An U.P. in may-ada pinakadamo nga mga Nasodnon nga Namumutnga hin Pagkamaupay ngan Pagpadukwag ha mga insituto hin hiruhitaas nga pag-aram ha nasod ngan usa ha tulo la nga mga aradman ha Asya nga nakakarawat hin pan-instituto nga dungog ha mga Pasidungog Ramon Magsaysay.

An U.P. in bahin nga ginsusustentuhan han Punuan Pilipinas.  An mga mag-aaram han unibersidad ngan iya mga gradwar in gintutudlok ngadto komo &quot;[Mga] Iskolar ng Bayan&quot; (&quot;Mga Iskolar han Nasod&quot;).

An tigaman han U.P. amo an Oblasyon.  Ini in hitsura hin hubo nga tawo, nga it kamot nakadupa ngan an nawong nakahangad.  An Oblasyon in nakabase ha ikaduha nga estansa han Mi Ultimo Adios ni Jose Rizal.

An tuig 2008 in ginproklama komo &quot;U.P. Gatosnon nga Tuig&quot; ngan an mga katuigan 1998-2008 komo an &quot;Dekada han Unibersidad han Pilipinas.&quot;  An Sistema han U.P. in ginraranggo komo pinakaigbaw nga unibersidad han nasod han QS Mga pagraranggo han Unibersidad han Kalibutan.

==Mga Sumpay ha Gawas==
* [http://www.upb.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Baguio]
* [http://www.upcebu.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Cebu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122065003/https://www.upcebu.edu.ph/ |date=2021-11-22 }}
* [http://www.upd.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Diliman]
* [http://www.uplb.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Los Baños]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204070701/http://www.uplb.edu.ph/ |date=2012-02-04 }}
* [http://www.upm.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Manila] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204100116/http://www.upm.edu.ph/ |date=2012-02-04 }}
* [http://www.upmin.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Mindanao]
* [http://www.upv.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Visayas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517030654/http://upv.edu.ph/ |date=2014-05-17 }}
* [http://www.up.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines System]
* [http://www.upou.edu.ph/ University of the Philippines Open University]

[[Kaarangay:Unibersidad]]
[[Kaarangay:Mga nasodnon nga unibersidad]]</text>
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