Wikipedia yowiki https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oj%C3%BAew%C3%A9_%C3%80k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Amóhùnmáwòrán Pàtàkì Ọ̀rọ̀ Oníṣe Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe Wikipedia Ọ̀rọ̀ Wikipedia Fáìlì Ọ̀rọ̀ fáìlì MediaWiki Ọ̀rọ̀ mediaWiki Àdàkọ Ọ̀rọ̀ àdàkọ Ìrànlọ́wọ́ Ọ̀rọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́ Ẹ̀ka Ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀ka Èbúté Ọ̀rọ̀ èbúté Ìwé Ọ̀rọ̀ ìwé TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 1 9800 639049 605876 2026-10-23T11:26:49Z Zita Zage (WMDE) 35507 added mobile editing message 639049 wikitext text/x-wiki Ìbèérè fiímù síse ní orílè ede nàìjìríà Ìmò fi yéwa wípé àwon òyìnbó ni won gbé fiímù síse wo orílè nàìjìríà ìlú èkó sìni fíímù ti kókó wáyé == 500 articles == This Wikipedia has reached 500 articles. I will send a press release to Walter, editor-in-chief of Wikizine, and copy the message he will have made of it to this page later. (I have only written something in Dutch, probably he'll translate an extract of it to English for the Wikizine newsletter). [[User:Belgian man|Belgian man]] 13:33, 1 January 2007 (UTC) === Wikizine item 10/01/2007 === On January 10th 2006, this item was recorded in the [http://en.wikizine.org Wikizine] issue of that day: :[YO!] - The Yoruba Wikipedia has reached 500 articles. That may not look very impressive, but it is. This wiki is one of many that was created a long time ago, in 2002, but for many years there was very little activity. Yoruba is a language of Nigeria; although they do have Internet access in Nigera, working on their wiki is not popular. The increased activity on this wiki is mostly the work of one user, [[w:yo:User:Loadewole]], who has written most of the articles in a few weeks. They are a native from Nigeria working at a local university. One person can make the difference between the failure or success of a wiki. :[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_language http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_language] :[http://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/ChartsWikipediaYO.htm http://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/ChartsWikipediaYO.htm] -- the evolution of this wiki Wikizine has a readership of 580 readers all over the world. The redaction is lead by Walter and Pathoschild, both Wikimedia (including Wikipedia) contributors. For the 1000 articles milestone, maybe I can write an English version of the press release too, and also post it here... (And when I have some time I translate the Dutch version of the little press release for the 500 article milestone.) [[User:Belgian man|Belgian man]] 20:41, 15 January 2007 (UTC) === Press release 01/01/2007 === ==== <tt>en</tt> English ==== The [[Èdèe Yorùbá|Yoruba]] [[Wikipéédíà|Wikipedia]] has reached the 500 articles milestone Friday with the [[Aaro Metta Atorunwa]] page, a redirect to the article [[Ààrò Mẹ́ta Àtọ̀runwá]] about the book by [[Láwuyì Ògúnnìran]] of the same name. Since the arrival of [[User:Loadewole|Loadewole]], active at the [[Obafemi Awolowo University]] in the [[Naijiriya|Nigerian]] city of [[Ile-Ife|Ife]], the number of articles has been increasing exponential. Loadewole has written most of the articles in just a few weeks. From a silly "encyclopedia" who contained merely "articles" about the [[:en:Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]]'s 26 letters, the [[:en:Yoruba Wikipedia|Yoruba Wikipedia]] has grown to a project with almost 540 articles, two administrators, an embassy, and especially a very active user from the area where the language is spoken. In the ranking, Wikipedia YO has nestled between the [[:en:Classical Chinese|Classical Chinese]] and the [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitian]] editions. ==== <tt>nl</tt> Nederlands ==== De [[Èdèe Yorùbá|Yoruba]] [[Wikipéédíà|Wikipedia]] heeft vrijdag de kaap van de 500 artikelen gerond met de pagina [[Aaro Metta Atorunwa]], een ''redirect'' naar het artikel [[Ààrò Mẹ́ta Àtọ̀runwá]] over het gelijknamige boek door [[Láwuyì Ògúnnìran]]. Sinds de komst van [[User:Loadewole|Loadewole]], werkzaam aan de [[Obafemi Awolowo University]] in het [[Naijiriya|Nigeriaanse]] [[Ile-Ife|Ife]], groeit het aantal artikelen exponentieel. Loadewole heeft op enkele weken tijd het gros van de artikelen geschreven. Van een sullige "encyclopedie" die slechts "artikels" bevatte over de 26 letters van het [[:en:Latin alphabet|Latijnse alfabet]], is de [[:en:Yoruba Wikipedia|Yoruba Wikipedia]] gegroeid naar een project met bijna 540 artikelen, twee moderatoren, een ambassade, en vooral een heel actieve gebruiker uit het gebied waar de taal wordt gesproken. In de ''ranking'' heeft Wikipedia YO zich tussen de [[:en:Classical Chinese|Klassiek Chinese]] en de [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitische]] editie genesteld. == 1,000 articles == The Yoruba Wikipedia has reached 1,000 articles with [[Luba II]] by [[User:Loadewole]]. Congratulations. More information in the press release below. [[User:Belgian man|Belgian man]] 20:12, 14 February 2007 (UTC) === Press release 14/02/2007 === ==== <tt>eng</tt> English / Press release: Yoruba Wikipedia reaches the number of 1,000 articles ==== On [[:en:February 12|February 12]], [[2007]], 16:12, the [[Èdèe Yorùbá|Yoruba]] [[Wikipéédíà|Wikipedia]] has welcomed its one thousandth article with the article [[Luba II]] about the [[:en:Tshiluba language|Tshiluba language]]. The text was written by [[User:Loadewole|Loadewole]], who wrote most of the other articles as well. The first 500 articles were being written from [[en:October 23|October 23]], [[2002]] till [[en:December 29|December 29]], [[2006]], the second 500 from December 29, 2006 till February 12, 2007, or a good four years opposite less than two months. This edition’s growth seems to be unstoppable, but qualitatively, graphically and structurally, there still has to be worked quite a bit on the majority of the articles. With 1,043 articles, the [[:en:Yoruba Wikipedia|Yoruba Wikipedia]] is the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#1_000.2B_articles 127^th]; and in the ranking, this edition is between the [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitian]] (1,078) and the [[:en:Zazaki|Zazaki]] (1,042) encyclopaedias. Within the [[:en:Niger-Congo languages|Niger-Congo language family]], only the [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]] Wikipedia is bigger. ==== <tt>fra</tt> Français / Communiqué de presse: Wikipédia yoruba atteint les 1000 articles ==== Le [[:en:February 12|12 février]] [[2007]], à 16:12, la [[Wikipéédíà|Wikipédia]] [[Èdèe Yorùbà|yoruba]] a accueilli son millième article: [[Luba II]], concernant le [[:fr:tchiluba|tchiluba]]. Le texte a été écrit par [[User:Loadewole|Loadewole]], qui écrivait la plupart des autres articles aussi. Les premiers 500 articles ont été écrit dès le [[:en:October 23|23 octobre]] [[2002]] jusqu’au [[:en:December 29|29 décembre]] [[2006]], les seconds 500 dès le 29 décembre 2006 jusqu’au 12 février 2007, ou bien un grand quatre ans en face moins de deux mois. La croissance de cette édition semble incessante, mais qualitativement, graphiquement et structurellement, la majorité des articles a encore bien besoin d’une rédaction. Avec 1043 articles, la [[:en:Yoruba Wikipedia|Wikipédia yoruba]] est la [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#1_000.2B_articles 127^ième]; et dans le tableau d’ordre, cette édition se situe entre les encyclopédies [[:en:Samogitian Wikipedia|samogitienne]] (1078) et [[:en:Zazaki Wikipedia|zazaki]] (1042). Parmi les [[:en:Niger-Congo languages|langues nigéro-congolaises]], seulement la Wikipédia [[:en:Swahili language|swahili]] est plus grande. ==== <tt>nld</tt> Nederlands / Persbericht: Yoruba Wikipedia rondt de kaap van 1000 artikelen ==== Op [[:en:February 12|12 februari]] [[2007]] om 16:12 heeft de [[Èdèe Yorùbá|Yoruba]] [[Wikipéédíà|Wikipedia]] met het artikel [[Luba II]], over het [[:nl:Tshiluba|Tshiluba]], het duizendste artikel verwelkomd. De tekst is van de hand van [[User:Loadewole|Loadewole]], die ook de meeste andere artikelen heeft geschreven. De eerste 500 artikelen werden geschreven van [[:en:October 23|23 oktober]] [[2002]] tot en met [[en:December 29|29 december]] [[2006]], de tweede 500 van 29 december 2006 tot 12 februari 2007, ofwel dik vier jaar tegenover een kleine twee maand. De groei van deze editie lijkt onstuitbaar, maar kwalitatief, grafisch en structureel moet aan het gros van de artikelen nog wel wat worden gesleuteld. Met 1043 artikelen is de [[:en:Yoruba Wikipedia|Yoruba Wikipedia]] de [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#1_000.2B_articles 127^ste]; in de ranglijst staat deze editie tussen de [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitiaanse]] (1078) en de [[:en:Zazaki|Zazaki]] (1042) encyclopedieën. Binnen de [[:en:Niger Congo languages|Niger-Congotaalfamilie]] is alleen de [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]] Wikipedia groter. === Wikizine 21/02/2007 === On February 21, 2007, Wikizine, readership 614, included a unit about this news: :''[Yo! (again)] - In Wikizine 57 was announced that the Yoruba Wikipedia had 500 articles. Now the are proud to announce the have 1000 articles. Yoruba is a language of Nigeria. The are now at the 127th place of largest Wikipedia's.'' Greetings and thanks to the Wikizine contributors, [[User:Belgian man|Belgian man]] 17:20, 26 February 2007 (UTC) == Introduction == Hello people. This very great work you've been doing here. Iam a Nigerian and Yoruba and I have been adding my own little contribution to making the site grow some more. [[User:Demmy|Demmy]] 13:10, 31 March 2007 (UTC) :Great! We are looking for speakers of Yoruba... [[User:Belgian man|Belgian man]] 15:24, 2 April 2007 (UTC) Thanks Demmy. It is nice that somebody is helping out on entries on Yoruba. [[User: L.O. Adewole|L.O. Adewole]] == Permission to translate the navigation sidebar == Could one of the administrator grant this because its locked.[[User:Demmy|Demmy]] 17:37, 4 June 2007 (UTC) :Great idea, I'll ask [[User:Mark Dingemanse|Mark]]. [[User:Belgian man|Belgian man]] 14:51, 24 June 2007 (UTC) == MY REQUEST FOR ADMINSHIP == This is my request for adminship http://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_adminship/demmy == Yoruba Wiktionary == There is a very small project called [[:wikt:Main Page|Yoruba Wiktionary]]. There is a [[:meta:Proposals for closing projects/Closure of Yoruba Wiktionary|vote]] to close the project or keep it open. If you want to close down Yoruba Wiktionary, you can vote "pro/support". If you want to keep Yoruba Wiktionary open, you can vote "contra/oppose". Also, if you write pages in the Yoruba language in the project, you can help keep it open. Please tell people about this in Yoruba. (Il y a un tres petit projet nommé [[:wikt:Main Page|Yoruba Wiktionary]]. Il y a une [[:meta:Proposals for closing projects/Closure of Yoruba Wiktionary|vote]] pour déterminer si ce projet-la va continuer a exister ou pas. Si vous voulez que le projet Yoruba Wiktionary sera terminer, vous pouvez votez "pro/support". Si vous voulez que le projet continue a exister, vous pouvez votez "contra/oppose". Vous pouvez aussi aider le projet a continuer a exister par écrire des pages en la langue Yoruba dans ce projet-la. Ca serait bon si quelqu'un le disait aux autres en Yoruba) --[[User:Coppertwig|Coppertwig]] 23:26, 8 November 2007 (UTC) == официальный сайт new rock == сайт знакомств ru new thread ==Adminship request== http://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_adminship/demmy_2 [[User:Demmy|Demmy]] 00:18, 26 January 2008 (UTC) == Small request == Hello! I am a Polish wikipedian and I would like to ask you for writing a new article about former Polish President who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 – '''Lech Wałęsa'''. I have looked for his article in your Wikipedia but without success. Polish Wikipedians will be grateful for your help. Thank you so much in advance! PS article in English you can find '''[[w:en:Lech Wałęsa|here]]'''. Best wishes from Poland, [[Oníṣe:Patrol110|Patrol110]] 20:26, 25 September 2009 (UTC) == List of "large" wikis == hello, the Occitan wikipedia has got opver 20500 articles. Please could you update your list? Best regards, --[[Oníṣe:Jfblanc|Jfblanc]] 19:21, 2 January 2010 (UTC) ==Wikipedia 10th anniversary in Abuja== more info at [[:tenwiki:Abuja]]. [[Oníṣe:Demmy|Demmy]] 02:28, 8 Oṣù Kínní 2011 (UTC) ==Wikipedia in Tatar== Dear friends, may I ask you to add a hyperlink to our Tatar Wikipedia (http://tt.wikipedia.org) to yourr Front page. Tatars - are turkic nation living in Tatarstan Republic, second biggest nation in Russian Federation. hope to hear from you soon. sincerely yours, [[Oníṣe:Muhtac|Muhtac]] 21:16, 20 Oṣù Kẹta 2011 (UTC) == Multilingual Challenge == {| class="center" style="border:2px double; color:#009900; background-color:#CCFFCC;" |- | style="color:red;" | Please help: replace this red text with a translation of the English message below. Esheun! |- | style="color:black;" | '''Announcing [[:en:Wikipedia:GLAM/Derby/Multilingual Challenge|the Derby Multilingual Challenge]]'''<br /> This is the first multilingual Wikipedia collaboration. All Wikipedians can take part, in any Wikipedia language. The challenge runs from 1 May until 3 September 2011.<br /> '''[[:en:Wikipedia:GLAM/Derby/Multilingual Challenge/Participants|Sign up now!]]'''<br /> <small>" Wikipedia is particularly pleased to see that Derby Museums are encouraging the creation of articles in languages other than English." ([http://uk.wikimedia.org/wiki/Press_releases/First_GLAMWIKI_outside_Capital Jimmy Wales, 14 January 2011])</small> |} [[Oníṣe:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] 14:36, 2 Oṣù Kàrún 2011 (UTC) ==Stub requests== Hi! Here are some ideas for stubs on the Yoruba Wikipedia: * [[:en:Suya]] * [[:en:Air Nigeria]] * [[:en:Arik Air]] * [[:en:Bellview Airlines]] * [[:en:December 2011 Nigeria bombings]] * [[:en:Boko Haram]] * [[:en:Nigeria Airways Flight 357]] * [[:en:LGBT rights in Nigeria]] * [[:en:Umaru Mutallab]] * [[:en:Babalola Borishade]] * [[:en:Akanu Ibiam International Airport]] * [[:en:News Agency of Nigeria]] * [[:en:Nigerian Brazilian]] * [[:en:Diezani Alison-Madueke]] * [[:en:ADC Airlines]] * [[:en:Nigeria Airways Flight 2120]] * [[:en:Sosoliso Airlines]] * [[:en:Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria]] * [[:en:Leadership (Nigeria)]] * [[:en:Flora Shaw]] - Named Nigeria * [[:en:Loyola Jesuit College]] * [[:en:Yoruba culture]] * [[:en:January 2012 Nigeria attacks]] * [[:en:Stella Oduah-Ogiemwonyi]] * [[:en:Thisday]] * [[:en:Maroko, Lagos State]] * [[:en:Sosoliso Airlines Flight 1145]] * [[:en:Poverty in Nigeria]] * [[:en:Sharia in Nigeria]] * [[:en:Conflict in the Niger Delta]] * [[:en:Nigerian Sharia conflict]] * [[:en:Drilling and Killing]] * [[:en:ADC Airlines Flight 53]] * [[:en:Bellview Airlines Flight 210]] * [[:en:Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961]] (Lagos was one of the flight's destinations) * [[:en:Kenya Airways Flight 431]] (bound for Lagos with many Nigerians onboard) * [[:en:Bimbo Odukoya]] * [[:en:GraceLand]] * [[:en:Eti-Osa]] * [[:en:Agege]] * [[:en:Karu]] [[Oníṣe:WhisperToMe|WhisperToMe]] 18:39, 25 Oṣù Kàrún 2011 (UTC) == Benin Yoruba alphabet == Hi. Yoruba has a slightly different alphabet in Benin. It has been standardized in the National Languages Alphabet by the National Language Commission in 1975, and revised in 1980 by the National Center for Applied Linguistics. Basically ẹ -> ɛ, ọ -> ɔ and p -> kp, ṣ -> sh. The diacritics should be the same. I looked at [[:m:Wikipedias in multiple writing systems]] and it looks like the automatic conversion system works pretty well for other language Wikipedias. Would there be people interested by this feature? There's less than a million Yoruba speakers in Benin, but the National Languages Alphabet rules are taught in school, so I've been told by a local. This would allow Benin Yoruba speakers to use their official alphabet here. I'll copy the converter code in [[User:Moyogo/Converter.html]]. You can copy it's content in a new text file and save it as <tt>Converter.html</tt> and test it with your browser. --[[Oníṣe:Moyogo|Moyogo]] 17:25, 22 Oṣù Kejìlá 2011 (UTC) See for exemple the library record for the book [http://lms01.harvard.edu/F/H5F6HDFMTQNC3PSNE8Y5FVPQGBDQR6URQ7L9729V2GVTCETRHL-00703?func=find-b&amp=&amp=&find_code=kon&request=OCM62323333&pds_handle=GUEST Ìwé àshàjɔ ɔ̀rɔ̀ fun ìtumɔ̀ ìshàkóso : Faransé-Yorùbá], Cotonou : Centre national de linguistique appliquée (CENALA), 2002. The American libraries usually have o̳ and e̳ for ɔ and ɛ in their catalogues. --[[Oníṣe:Moyogo|Moyogo]] 17:57, 22 Oṣù Kejìlá 2011 (UTC) : ''[https://orbis.library.yale.edu/vwebv/holdingsInfo?searchId=2605&recCount=50&recPointer=6&bibId=9854020 Ìwé àshàjɔ ɔ̀rɔ̀ fun ìtumɔ̀ ìshàkóso]'' is also in the Yale Library catalogue with the correct spelling in the record. --[[Oníṣe:Moyogo|Moyogo]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Moyogo|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 19:59, 5 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2019 (UTC) == Yoruba Braille == On English Wikipedia we have an article on [[:en:Yoruba Braille]]. However, our references are not good. If anyone could confirm or correct the article, we would be most appreciative. Thank you [[Oníṣe:Kwamikagami|Kwamikagami]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Kwamikagami|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 21:55, 11 Oṣù Kejì 2013 (UTC) == Yoruba is missing == Yoruba is missing from this page: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/There_is_also_a_Wikipedia_in_your_language<br /> Thanks, [[Oníṣe:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Varlaam|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 03:59, 19 Oṣù Kínní 2016 (UTC) == Yoruba == Eré oníse [[Oníṣe:Zubair Fatimoh pentho|Zubair Fatimoh pentho]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zubair Fatimoh pentho|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 14:04, 2 Oṣù Kẹta 2020 (UTC) == Important technical change coming. == Apologies for writing in English. {{ping|Demmy}} and others. [[phab:T254287]] documents an important change that impacts mobile users. Please can you take a look. Thank you! [[Oníṣe:Jdlrobson|Jdlrobson]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Jdlrobson|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:48, 13 Oṣù Kẹfà 2020 (UTC) == Edit request on 17 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2020 == I want to change the topic to another one it is too old. == awọn continents == Afirika Asia Yuroopu ila gusu Amerika ariwa Amerika Australia antartica [[Oníṣe:Oluwatoyin111111111|Oluwatoyin111111111]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Oluwatoyin111111111|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 11:01, 27 Oṣù Kejì 2022 (UTC) == NCPUG TheWikiVibrance International Youth Day 2022 (Audio and Photography) == We are delighted to inform you the Nigerian Commons Photographers User Group NCPUG will be participating in the programs of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Programs/Wikimedia_Community_Fund/Rapid_Fund/NCPUG_WikiBrance_International_Youth_Day_2022_(ID:_21913535)%7CWikiVibrance International Youth Day 2022], to bring you and the youth to the International Youth Day Campaign. Which is to be lunch at Wikimania August 2022 and other events afterwards, if intrested leave me message or a comment.[[Oníṣe:Anasskoko|Anasskoko]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Anasskoko|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 00:43, 12 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2022 (UTC) == Emmanuel Iren == An article about emmanuel Iren [[Oníṣe:Oladimeji mayowa|Oladimeji mayowa]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Oladimeji mayowa|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 06:36, 14 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2022 (UTC) == Comprehension passage == My name [[Oníṣe:Horlalere|Horlalere]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Horlalere|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 12:15, 4 Oṣù Kàrún 2024 (UTC) == Ìbèérè fiímù síse ní orile ede nijiriai == Ìmò fi yéwa wípé àwon òyìnbó amúnisì ni ógbé fiímù síse wo orílè èdè nàìjìríà ìlú èkó sìni fíímù àkókó ti wáyé [[Oníṣe:Gafurat|Gafurat]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Gafurat|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 15:29, 3 Oṣù Òwéwe 2024 (UTC) == Hebert adedeji ogúnndé == herbert adédèjì je gbajúgbajà òsèrè nígbà ayé rè ójé omo bíbí ìlú ìjèbú Odún 1944 ni ó bèrè fimmu síse ójàdé láyé ní odún 1990 [[Oníṣe:Gafurat|Gafurat]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Gafurat|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 15:39, 3 Oṣù Òwéwe 2024 (UTC) == TCHIMA ILLA ISSOUFOU == Tchima Illa Issoufou je eni ti abi ni Orilede Niger ti o si tun je ako iron. O tun je ako iroyin jo fun ile ise amohun maworan ti BBC Hausa. Awon eniyan mo fun iroyin ti o ma nko nipa eto àbò, Ijoba ati nipa awon omo Orile ede Niger lapapo. Ni Odun 2024, arabinrin naa sa kuro ni Orilede Niger latari bi awon Ijoba se foro re, ti won si nwa fun ise akoroyin to yan layo, papa julo leyin Igba ti o ko iroyin lori iseku pani ti o waye ni agbegbe Tillaberi. O tun fi oro wa Ajaja ngbara Ali Tera lenu wo. Oro re se pe akiyesi  gbogbo agbaye si Orile ede Niger ati bi ko se si ominira  to peye fun awon ile ise iroyin won. [[Oníṣe:IfeoluwaM|IfeoluwaM]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:IfeoluwaM|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:24, 3 Oṣù Ògún 2025 (UTC) == Edit Wikidata Items on mobile devices == ''(Apologies for typing in English)'' Did you know that you can edit any Wikidata statement directly from your mobile device, just like on desktop? Since October 2026 all datatypes are now supported for mobile editing. This feature is automatically available to all users. Visit any Item on your mobile and try it out. If you run into issues or have feedback, share it on the project talk page: [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]]. Happy editing on mobile. -[[Oníṣe:Zita Zage (WMDE)|Zita Zage (WMDE)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zita Zage (WMDE)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 11:26, 23 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2026 (UTC) ofbk3q0xbpjt2sdarvu6k1yk3sa42fj 0 77426 639045 638493 2026-10-22T12:59:20Z Yakubu Ayobami 32343 Àfikún oríṣi ẹja odò 639045 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fáìlì:Ensenada fish market 2.jpg|thumb|Ẹja]] [[Fáìlì:Georgia Aquarium - Giant Grouper.jpg|thumb|Akojopo ti Ẹja ninu omi]] [[Fáìlì:Fish scales.jpg|thumb|osunwon ti ẹja]] [[Fáìlì:Whale Shark AdF.jpg|thumb|akurakuda]] Ẹja (fish), àwọn eja ń gbé nínú omi. Wọ́n jẹ́ orísirísi ẹja àti ẹranko nínú omi. Àwa ní: àwọn [[Erinmì|erinmi]], [[ótà òkun]], [[Eku ti odò|eku ti odò ganganrangan]], [[Eku ti odò|eku ti odò kekere]], [[ẹja abániṣeré]], [[akurakuda]], àti ẹranko tí ó pọju! Wọ́n ní egungun. Àwon ẹja, wọ́n ní òsùwòn àti omodé tí wọn bí wà nínú ẹyin. Nínú omi, ó jẹ́ ìró, nítorí náà, àwọn ẹja wọ́n ma lo ìro-inu won diẹ-diẹ àti wọn ma gbìyànjú láti gbó àwọn ohùn, láti tówò, àti gbóòórùn. <ref name=":0">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish</ref> Nínú omi, ó jẹ́ orísirísi kemikali, àti omi ó sisẹ́ fún ìtanná. Ọpọ nínú ẹja le rí isipopada dára, ó rọrùn fún won. Láti se bẹẹ, wọn lo iró tí ó se pàtàkì pèlú sensọ tí àwa ń pè "ila ti ina" (lateral line). Àwọn ẹja mìíràn, wọ́n le rí ohun ọdẹ, sùgbón, báwo? Wọn ma lo ìdíyelé ìtanná láti se é.<ref name=":0" /> Ìdí ọkàn tí àwa ní orísirísi ẹja tí ó pọ̀ gan jé pé, omi bòó àádórin ni ọgórùn ti agbayé wa (70%). Àwọn ẹja yìí, wọn gbé ni orísirísi ibùgbé, wọn gbé ni òkúta nísàlẹ̀ òkun ti iyùn, ojú-oró ti igbó, odò, odò-ṣiṣan, ati okun nla. Awa ni orisirisi iru ti ẹja, ó jẹ oké-o-le-egberun-mewaa-o-le-egbaa. (32,000). <ref name=":0" /> Àwọn ẹja, wọ́n le lúwẹ̀ẹ́ jìnnà jìnnà nínú omi. Àwon eja salumoni tàbí eja aláwò pupa fẹẹrẹ, wọn le lo sí ibi kan losi ibòmíràn tí ó jìnà gan! Láti àyíká tí iyò si àyíká ti omi tútù àti titun. Àwọn ẹja sálúmọ̀nì, wọ́n le lúwẹ̀ẹ́ jijinna ti kilomita aadota ni ọjọ ọkan. Lati se be je dogba ti o ba sáré ìdíje eré-sísá ọlọ́nàjíjìn ni ọjọ ọkọkan. Jùmo ati lapapo, jijinna ti won ma gbékuro ati lúwèé je kilomita ẹgbẹ̀ẹ́dógún (5,000) lati okun nla si omi tutú ati omi titun wọ́n ma bí àwọn omodé. Jijinna wọn jẹ ilàji ti jijinna ti Kanada! Ti o ba lo ọkọ, lati lo si ibi kan si ibi miiràn, ti jíjìnnà ìlàjì àti Kánádà o ma jẹ dogba, o po gan o! <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://spca.bc.ca/news/fun-facts-about-fish/ |access-date=2025-05-29 |archive-date=2025-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250529182052/https://spca.bc.ca/news/fun-facts-about-fish/ |dead-url=yes}}</ref> Àwọn ẹja salumoni, won ko le gbékuro àjọ ti won ko wa olowè dara. Lati lúwèé sòkè ti odò, ko rorun o! Ko je ise-sise rorun, o soro gidigan, sùgbón awon ẹja salumoni, won le fò dada.<ref name=":1" /> {{Short description|Order of fish}} {{hatnote group| {{About|the fish|the deceptive online actions by one to another|Catfishing|other uses|Catfish (disambiguation)}} {{Redirect|Kaari|other uses|Kaari (disambiguation)}} }} {{pp-move|small=yes}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2026}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossilrange|Campanian|present|earliest=Cenomanian|refs=<ref name=N&T/>}}<small>Possible earlier [[Late Cretaceous]] records<ref name=Patterson1993/><ref name=Afrocascudo>{{Cite journal |last1=Brito |first1=P. M. |last2=Dutheil |first2=D. B. |last3=Gueriau |first3=P. |last4=Keith |first4=P. |last5=Carnevale |first5=G. |last6=Britto |first6=M. |last7=Meunier |first7=F. J. |last8=Khalloufi |first8=B. |last9=King |first9=A. |last10=de Amorim |first10=P. F. |last11=Costa |first11=W. J. E. M. |title=A saharan fossil and the dawn of Neotropical armoured catfishes in Gondwana |year=2024 |journal=Gondwana Research |volume=132 |pages=103–112 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2024.04.008 |bibcode=2024GondR.132..103B |url=https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_E3F9F6493E66.P002/REF.pdf }}</ref></small> | image = Siluriformes.png | image_caption = Diversity of catfishes (left to right, top to bottom): ''[[Silurus glanis]]'' ([[Siluridae]]), ''[[Ictalurus furcatus]]'' ([[Ictaluridae]]), ''[[Synodontis eupterus]]'' ([[Mochokidae]]), ''[[Trichomycterus ytororo]]'' ([[Trichomycteridae]]), ''[[Mystus atrifasciatus]]'' ([[Bagridae]]), ''[[Aspidoras mephisto]]'' ([[Callichthyidae]]), ''[[Cetopsis coecutiens]]'' ([[Cetopsidae]]), ''[[Noturus gyrinus]]'' (Ictaluridae), ''[[Oreoglanis hponkanensis]]'' ([[Sisoridae]]), ''[[Farlowella vittata]]'' ([[Loricariidae]]) | image_upright = 1.1 | taxon = Siluriformes | authority = [[Oliver Perry Hay|O. P. Hay]], 1929<ref name = N&T>{{cite journal |author=Thomas J. Near |author2=Christine E. Thacker |title=Phylogenetic Classification of Living and Fossil Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii) |journal=Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History |date=2024 |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=3–302 |doi=10.3374/014.065.0101 |bibcode=2024BPMNH..65..101N }}</ref> | subdivision_ranks = Families | subdivision_ref = <ref>{{FishBase order | order = Siluriformes| month = December | year = 2011}}</ref> | subdivision = See text | type_species = ''[[Silurus glanis]]'' | type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758 }} Ẹjaarọ̀. '''Ẹja Olókùn tàbí ẹjaarọ̀ (Catfish) jẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ onírúurú ẹja tí egungun inú wọn ní àwọn ìtìlẹ́yìn kéékèèké tó ń tàn jáde láti ara egungun ẹ̀yìn, tí wọ́n sì wà lábẹ́ ìtòlẹ́sẹẹsẹ ẹja kan tí a ń pè ní Siluriformes (tí a ti ń pè ní Nematognathi tẹ́lẹ̀).''' Orúkọ Catfish wá láti inú àwọn ohun tín-ín-rín tó dà bí irùngbọ̀n tí wọ́n ní lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ẹnu wọn, tí ó jọ irùngbọ̀n ológbò. Síbẹ̀, kì í ṣe gbogbo ẹja inú ẹgbẹ́ yìí ló ní irùngbọ̀n tó hàn kedere. Gbogbo ẹja inú ẹgbẹ́ Siluriformes kò ní òṣùwọ̀n kéékèèké tó máa ń bo ara ẹja (scales). Dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, awọ ara wọn máa ń dan, tàbí kí ara wọn ní ìbòrí líle tó dà bí ìhámọ́ra láti dáàbò bo ara wọn. Àwọn ẹja inú ẹgbẹ́ yìí ni a fi àwọn àbùdá pàtàkì kan dá mọ̀, bí àwọn apá kan nínú agbárí orí wọn, fún àpẹẹrẹ egungun ẹ̀rẹ̀kẹ́ òkè (maxilla) tí ó ti yí padà láti di ìpìlẹ̀ àwọn irùngbọ̀n wọn, àti àpò afẹ́fẹ́ inú ara wọn (swim bladder), èyí tí ó ń ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti máa ṣàkóso bí wọ́n ṣe ń rì tàbí fò sókè nínú omi. Ní apá gúúsù orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà, pàápàá jù lọ ní agbègbè tí a mọ̀ sí Southern United States, àwọn ènìyàn lè máa pe ẹja olókun ní onírúurú orúkọ ìbílẹ̀ tàbí orúkọ àdúgbò, bíi “mud cat” (ẹja olókun ẹrẹ̀), “polliwogs”, tàbí “chuckleheads”. Àwọn orúkọ wọ̀nyí yàtọ̀ sí agbègbè kan sí òmíràn, wọn kò sì ní ìlànà kan ṣoṣo tí gbogbo ènìyàn ń tẹ̀lé. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ní agbègbè kan, orúkọ “chucklehead” lè tọ́ka sí irú ẹja olókun kan tí a ń pè ní bullhead catfish, nígbà tí ní agbègbè mìíràn, orúkọ kan náà lè tọ́ka sí blue catfish. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹgbẹ́ ẹja, ẹja olókun ní ìjẹ́pàtàkì ńlá nínú iṣẹ́ ajé àti òwò. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn irú ẹja olókun tó tóbi ni àwọn ènìyàn ń tọ́jú nínú oko ẹja tàbí ń pẹja wọn láti lò gẹ́gẹ́ bí oúnjẹ. Àpẹẹrẹ irú ẹja bẹ́ẹ̀ ni Pangasius, èyí tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹja olókun tí ó jọ ẹja ekurá, àti Clarias, irú ẹja tí ó ní ẹja olókun tó lè rìn lórí ilẹ̀ (walking catfish). ==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí== ljsw3ilto7ydygrx2qgf6jf0c4392ye 0 84794 639046 2026-10-22T13:21:11Z Yakubu Ayobami 32343 Ṣ'èdá ojúewé pẹ̀lú "{{For|the mask approved for the prevention of infection from [[pathogen]]s, like [[tuberculosis]]|N95 respirator|FFP2}} {{Short description|Mouth and nose cover against bacterial aerosols}} {{Infobox medical intervention (new) | name = Surgical mask | synonym = Procedure mask, medical mask, isolation mask, laser mask, fluid-resistant masks, face mask | image = Surgical face mask.jpg | caption = A surgical mask with hand-tied straps |..." 639046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{For|the mask approved for the prevention of infection from [[pathogen]]s, like [[tuberculosis]]|N95 respirator|FFP2}} {{Short description|Mouth and nose cover against bacterial aerosols}} {{Infobox medical intervention (new) | name = Surgical mask | synonym = Procedure mask, medical mask, isolation mask, laser mask, fluid-resistant masks, face mask | image = Surgical face mask.jpg | caption = A surgical mask with hand-tied straps | specialty = <!-- from Wikidata, can be overwritten --> }} Ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ́ (Surgical mask), tí a tún mọ̀ sí ìbòjú ojú ìṣègùn (medical face mask) tàbí ìbòjú ìlànà ìtọ́jú aláìsàn (procedure mask), jẹ́ ohun èlò ìdáàbòbò ara ẹni tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìlera ń lò. Ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdènà ti ara láti dí tàbí dín ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ tí ń wọ inú àti jáde láti àwọn ihò ètò mímí kù, ìyẹn imú àti ẹnu. Èyí ń ṣèrànwọ́ láti dín ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn kòkòrò àrùn àti àwọn ohun èlò ìbàjẹ́ mìíràn tí afẹ́fẹ́ lè gbé kiri kù láàárín ẹni tó wọ ìbòjú àti àwọn ènìyàn tó wà nítòsí rẹ̀. Ìtànkálẹ̀ yìí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìṣàn omi kéékèèké tó ń jáde láti ẹnu àti imú nígbà tí ènìyàn bá ń sín, bá ń kọ́, bá ń tú afẹ́fẹ́ jáde pẹ̀lú agbára, tàbí tí itọ́ bá jáde láìmọ̀ọ́mọ̀ nígbà tí ó bá ń sọ̀rọ̀, àti ní àwọn ipò mìíràn tó jọ èyí. A lè kọ orúkọ ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ́, ìbòjú ìyàsọ́tọ̀, ìbòjú ìtọ́jú eyín, tàbí ìbòjú ìlànà ìtọ́jú ìṣègùn sórí irú ìbòjú yìí, gẹ́gẹ́ bí irú iṣẹ́ tí a ṣe é fún.<ref>{{cite web|title=N95 Respirators and Surgical Masks (Face Masks)|url=https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/personal-protective-equipment-infection-control/n95-respirators-and-surgical-masks-face-masks#s2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305085532/https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/personal-protective-equipment-infection-control/n95-respirators-and-surgical-masks-face-masks#s2|archive-date=March 5, 2020|access-date=12 April 2020|work=FDA}}</ref> Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ohun èlò tí a fi ń ṣe ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ́ lè ṣe àlẹ̀mọ́ díẹ̀ lára àwọn fáírọ́ọ̀sì àti bakitéríà nípa dídènà wọn sínú àwọn èròjà kéékèèké tí afẹ́fẹ́ gbé kiri tí ó sì wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ènìyàn ń mí sí àti jáde, ìbòjú náà kì í pèsè ààbò pípé lọ́wọ́ àwọn àrùn tí ń tàn káàkiri nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà, ìbòjú náà kì í lẹ̀ mọ́ ojú ẹni tó wọ̀ ọ́ dáadáa. Àlàfo lè wà láàárín etí ìbòjú àti ojú ẹni tó wọ̀ ọ́, èyí sì lè jẹ́ kí afẹ́fẹ́ àti àwọn èròjà tó lè fa àrùn wọ inú tàbí jáde láìkọjá láti inú ohun èlò àlẹ̀mọ́ ìbòjú náà.<nowiki></ref></nowiki><ref name=":6">{Ìwádìí tí Oberg T. àti Brosseau L. ṣe, tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ Surgical Mask Filter and Fit Performance (Ìṣiṣẹ́ Àlẹ̀mọ́ àti Bí Ìbòjú Iṣẹ́ Abẹ́ Ṣe Bá Ojú Mu), ni a tẹ̀ jáde nínú ìwé ìròyìn ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì American Journal of Infection Control, ìdìpọ̀ 36, nọ́mbà 4, ojú ìwé 276–282, ní oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2008. Bákan náà, Peeples L. ṣe ìwádìí kan tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ Face Masks: What the Data Say (Ìbòjú Ojú: Ohun Tí Àwọn Ẹ̀rí Ìwádìí Sọ), èyí tí a tẹ̀ jáde nínú ìwé ìròyìn sáyẹ́ǹsì Nature, ìdìpọ̀ 586, nọ́mbà 7828, ojú ìwé 186–189, ní oṣù Kẹ̀wá ọdún 2020. Ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ́ yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ohun èlò ìdáàbòbò mímí tí a ṣe pẹ̀lú àlẹ̀mọ́ ẹ̀rọ (filtering respirators), bí àwọn tí a ṣe ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ìlànà N95 ti orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà. Irú ohun èlò ìdáàbòbò mímí bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń lẹ̀ mọ́ ojú dáadáa, tí ó sì máa ń dín àyè tí afẹ́fẹ́ lè gba kọjá láìsí àlẹ̀mọ́ kù. A ṣe wọ́n ní pàtó láti dáàbò bo ẹni tó wọ̀ wọ́n lọ́wọ́ àwọn èròjà kéékèèké gan-an tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń gbé kiri. [[Faili:Respirations at rest.ogg|thumb|Àfiwé ìyàtọ̀ láàárín mímú afẹ́fẹ́ jáde láìsí ìbòjú (òkè) àti pẹ̀lú ìbòjú (ìsàlẹ̀). Ṣàkíyèsí pé láìsí ìbòjú, afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń jáde ní ìrísí ìṣàn tó lágbára, èyí tó lè gbé fáírọ́ọ̀sì àti bakitéríà lọ kíákíá sí ọ̀dọ̀ ẹni tó wà níwájú ẹni tó ń mí jáde. Ṣùgbọ́n pẹ̀lú ìbòjú, a máa ń dí àwọn ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ wọ̀nyí lọ́wọ́, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí afẹ́fẹ́ náà gòkè dípò kí ó lọ síwájú, nítorí ìgbóná àti ìṣípò afẹ́fẹ́. Ṣàkíyèsí pé bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a dí àwọn ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ náà lọ́wọ́, iye afẹ́fẹ́ kan náà ni ó ń rìn nínú àwọn ọ̀ràn méjèèjì, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ẹni tó wọ ìbòjú lè mí ní ìrọ̀rùn.]] Ẹ̀rí láti inú àwọn ìdánwò ìṣègùn tí a pín àwọn olùkópa sí ẹgbẹ́ lọ́nà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀, tí a sì fi ẹgbẹ́ kan wé òmíràn, fi hàn pé ẹ̀rí tó lágbára kò tíì sí pé àwọn ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ ń dín àkóràn àwọn àrùn bíi gágá kù. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwádìí ńlá kan tí a ṣe láìpẹ́ yìí, tí ó kan ènìyàn tó lé ní 300,000, rí àwọn ẹ̀rí kan pé lílo ìbòjú ń dín ìtànkálẹ̀ àrùn kù láàárín àwọn ènìyàn inú àwùjọ, àwọn ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ lè yàtọ̀ gidigidi ní ti dídára wọn. Ìyàtọ̀ yìí lè dín ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé tí a lè ní nínú àwọn àbájáde irú àwọn ìwádìí bẹ́ẹ̀ kù.<nowiki><ref></nowiki>{{cite journal | vauthors = Abaluck J, Kwong LH, Styczynski A, Haque A, Kabir MA, Bates-Jefferys E, Crawford E, Benjamin-Chung J, Raihan S, Rahman S, Benhachmi S, Bintee NZ, Winch PJ, Hossain M, Reza HM, Jaber AA, Momen SG, Rahman A, Banti FL, Huq TS, Luby SP, Mobarak AM | display-authors = 6 | title = Impact of community masking on COVID-19: A cluster-randomized trial in Bangladesh | language = EN | journal = Science | volume = 375 | issue = 6577 | article-number = eabi9069 | date = January 2022 | pmid = 34855513 | doi = 10.1126/science.abi9069 | pmc = 9036942 | s2cid = 245933929 }}</ref><ref name=":6" /> Apá kan nínú bí àwọn ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ ṣe ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni pé wọ́n ń ṣàlẹ̀mọ́ díẹ̀ lára àwọn èròjà kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́, tí a ń pè ní **aerosol**. Àwọn èròjà wọ̀nyí ni ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà tí àwọn àrùn tó ń tàn káàkiri nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ń gbà tàn kálẹ̀. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé agbára ìṣàlẹ̀mọ́ àwọn ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ yàtọ̀ gidigidi,<ref name=":6" /> ohun èlò tí a fi ń ṣe wọ́n sábà máa ń ṣe àlẹ̀mọ́ àwọn èròjà aerosol tó pọ̀ ju ti àwọn ìbòjú aṣọ lọ. Ṣùgbọ́n agbára wọn kò tó ti àwọn ohun èlò tí a fi ń ṣe àwọn ìbòjú N95, FFP2 àti àwọn ìbòjú mìíràn tó jọ wọ́n.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zangmeister CD, Radney JG, Vicenzi EP, Weaver JL | title = Filtration Efficiencies of Nanoscale Aerosol by Cloth Mask Materials Used to Slow the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 | journal = ACS Nano | volume = 14 | issue = 7 | pages = 9188–9200 | date = July 2020 | pmid = 32584542 | pmc = 7341689 | doi = 10.1021/acsnano.0c05025 }}</ref> Nígbà tí a bá fi èyí kún bí àwọn ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ kò ṣe máa ń bá ojú mu dáadáa ní gbogbo ìgbà, ó fi hàn pé àwọn ìbòjú iṣẹ́ abẹ lè pèsè ààbò díẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ àwọn àrùn tó ń tàn nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́, bíi COVID-19. Síbẹ̀, ààbò tí wọ́n ń pèsè kò tó èyí tí àwọn ìbòjú N95, FFP2 àti àwọn ìbòjú mìíràn tó jọ wọ́n ń pèsè. o3blhvt6xx29psh1pyk7srz79eeefdw 0 84795 639047 2026-10-22T13:59:56Z Yakubu Ayobami 32343 Ṣ'èdá ojúewé pẹ̀lú "{{Short description|Type of footwear with an open upper}} {{Redirect|Sandals|the Caribbean luxury resorts operator|Sandals Resorts|the holy relic at Prüm Abbey|Sandals of Jesus Christ|other uses|Sandal (disambiguation)}} [[File:Men's size 10 Sandals.jpg|thumb|salúbàtà ọkùnrin ]] Salúbàtà jẹ́ irú bàtà tí ó ṣí sílẹ̀, tí ó ní àtẹ́lẹsẹ̀ kan tí àwọn okùn fi ń dì mọ́ ẹsẹ̀ ẹni tó wọ̀ ọ́. Àwọn okùn wọ..." 639047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Type of footwear with an open upper}} {{Redirect|Sandals|the Caribbean luxury resorts operator|Sandals Resorts|the holy relic at Prüm Abbey|Sandals of Jesus Christ|other uses|Sandal (disambiguation)}} [[File:Men's size 10 Sandals.jpg|thumb|salúbàtà ọkùnrin ]] Salúbàtà jẹ́ irú bàtà tí ó ṣí sílẹ̀, tí ó ní àtẹ́lẹsẹ̀ kan tí àwọn okùn fi ń dì mọ́ ẹsẹ̀ ẹni tó wọ̀ ọ́. Àwọn okùn wọ̀nyí máa ń kọjá lórí apá òkè ẹsẹ̀ àti yí ẹsẹ̀ po ní agbègbè kokosẹ̀. Sàndàlì tún lè ní gìgísẹ̀ tó ga ní onírúurú gíga. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé nígbà míì, ó lè ṣòro láti mọ ìyàtọ̀ láàárín salúbàtà àti àwọn irú bàtà mìíràn, bíi huarache—ìyẹn bàtà aláwọ̀ tí a hun tí ó wá láti orílẹ̀-èdè Mẹ́síkò—àti bàtà gíga tí apá ìka ẹsẹ̀ ti ṣí sílẹ̀, gbogbo ènìyàn sábà máa ń gbà pé sàndàlì jẹ́ bàtà tí ó ń fi ọ̀pọ̀ jù lọ apá ẹsẹ̀ hàn síta. Àwọn ènìyàn máa ń yan láti wọ sàndàlì fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìdí. Àwọn ìdí wọ̀nyí ni ìtura nígbà tí ojú ọjọ́ bá gbóná, àǹfààní nípa ìnáwó (nítorí pé sàndàlì sábà máa ń nílò ohun èlò díẹ̀ ju bàtà tí a ti sé mọ́lẹ̀ lọ, ó sì rọrùn láti ṣe é), àti láti fi ara hàn nípa ọ̀nà ìmúra. Àwọn ènìyàn sábà máa ń wọ salúbàtà ní àwọn agbègbè tí ojú ọjọ́ ti máa ń gbóná tàbí ní àwọn àsìkò ọdún tí ooru bá pọ̀, kí ẹsẹ̀ wọn lè tutù, kí ó sì má ṣe tutù pẹ̀lú ọrinrin. Bí salúbàtà ṣe ṣí sílẹ̀ ń dín ewu àrùn ẹsẹ̀ eléré ìdárayá (athlete’s foot) kù ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú bàtà tí a ti sé mọ́lẹ̀. Bákan náà, lílo salúbàtà lè jẹ́ apá kan nínú ìtọ́jú àkóràn irú èyí. Orúkọ Ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì “sandal” wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ sandale ti èdè Faransé Àárín, èyí tí ó wá láti inú ọ̀rọ̀ Látìnì sandalium. Ọ̀rọ̀ náà kọ́kọ́ fara hàn nínú èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì Àárín ní ìrísí sandalies. == History == [[File:Sandalias de esparto (29139609730).jpg|thumb|right|Awọn bata orunkun Esparto lati ẹgbẹrun ọdun 6th BC tabi 5th millennium BC ti a rii ni Ilu Sipeeni.]] [[File:Egyptian sandals, vegetable fiber - Bata Shoe Museum - DSC00009.JPG|thumb|upright|Bata orunkun okun ẹfọ atijọ lati Egipti.]] [[File:Fancy sandals.png|thumb|upright|Àwòrán ọmọbìnrin tó wọ salúbàtà .]] Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn irú bàtà mìíràn, bíi carbatina, rọrùn bákan náà láti ṣe, sàndàlì dúró gẹ́gẹ́ bí irú bàtà àtijọ́ jù lọ tí a ti ṣàwárí ẹ̀rí rẹ̀ títí di òní. Àwọn méjìméjì sàndàlì tí a fi ewé àti ẹ̀ka kéékèèké igi sagebrush ṣe ni a rí ní ọdún 1938 nínú Ihò Fort Rock, ní agbègbè Fort Rock, ìpínlẹ̀ Oregon, orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà. Lẹ́yìn náà, nípa lílo ọ̀nà ìṣirò ọjọ́-orí pẹ̀lú erogba rédíò (radiocarbon dating), a fojú díwọ̀n pé sàndàlì wọ̀nyí wà láàárín ọdún 10,500 sí 9,300 sẹ́yìn. jf18nn4efa0slljraafyjh0heyq6p4k 0 84796 639048 2026-10-22T14:39:34Z Yakubu Ayobami 32343 Àyọkà 639048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Alloy of copper and tin}} {{About|the metal alloy}} {{Use American English|date=September 2024}} {{multiple image | perrow = 2 | total_width = 250 | image1 = Bull's head ornament for a lyre MET DP260070.jpg | width1 = 300 | height1 = | image2 = Egypt, Greco-Roman Period, probably Ptolemaic Dynasty - Statuette of Isis and Horus - 1940.613 - Cleveland Museum of Art.tif | width2 = 300 | height2 = | image3 = Liu Ding.jpg | width3 = 300 | height3 = | width4 = 300 | height4 = | width5 = 300 | height5 = | image6 = Lamp MET DT10743.jpg | width6 = 300 | height6 = | image7 = | width7 = 300 | height7 = 400 | image8 = | width8 = 300 | height8 = 400 | footer = Various examples of bronze artwork throughout history }} Idẹ̀ bàbà (Bronze) jẹ́ irú àdàlù irin tí bàbà (copper) jẹ́ èròjà pàtàkì rẹ̀. Ó sábà máa ń ní ìwọ̀n tánì (tin) tó tó ìdá 12 sí 12.5 nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún, ó sì lè ní àfikún àwọn irin mìíràn bíi aluminiomu (aluminium), manganisi (manganese), nickel (nickel), tàbí sinkii (zinc). Nígbà míì, àwọn èròjà tí kì í ṣe irin, bíi fosifọ́ọ̀sì (phosphorus), tàbí àwọn èròjà tó wà láàárín irin àti àwọn ohun mìíràn, bíi ásẹ́nìkì (arsenic) tàbí sílíkọ́nù (silicon), ni a tún lè fi kún un. Àwọn àfikún wọ̀nyí máa ń mú kí oríṣiríṣi àdàlù irin yìí wà. Díẹ̀ lára wọn le ju bàbà mímọ́ lọ, tàbí kí wọ́n ní àwọn ànímọ́ tó wúlò mìíràn, bíi agbára ìfaradà, agbára láti tẹ̀ láìfọ́, àti ìrọ̀rùn láti gé tàbí ṣe iṣẹ́ lé lórí. Àkókò ìtàn ìgbàanì tí idẹ̀ bàbà jẹ́ irin tó le jù lọ lára àwọn irin tí ènìyàn ń lò káàkiri ni a mọ̀ sí Ìgbà Idẹ̀ Bàbà (Bronze Age). Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìṣírò ìtàn ìgbàanì tí a gbà ní gbogbogbòò, Ìgbà Idẹ̀ Bàbà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìwọ̀-oòrùn Eurasia ní àárín ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún kẹrin ṣáájú ìbí Kristi, nígbà tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Ṣáínà ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún kejì ṣáájú ìbí Kristi. <ref>{{cite book |first=Robert L. |last=Thorp |title=China in the Early Bronze Age: Shang Civilization |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |date=2013}}{{page needed|date=August 2022}}</ref> Ní àwọn agbègbè mìíràn, lílo idẹ̀ bàbà tàn káàkiri díẹ̀díẹ̀. Ìgbà Idẹ̀ Bàbà ni Ìgbà Irin (Iron Age) tẹ̀ lé, èyí tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1300 ṣáájú ìbí Kristi, tó sì ti dé ọ̀pọ̀ jù lọ àwọn agbègbè Eurasia ní nǹkan bí ọdún 500 ṣáájú ìbí Kristi. Síbẹ̀, lílo idẹ̀ bàbà tẹ̀síwájú láti gbòòrò ju bí a ṣe ń lò ó lọ ní àkókò òde òní. Nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ iṣẹ́ ọnà ìtàn ìgbàanì ni a fi idẹ̀ bàbà (àdàlù bàbà àti tánì) àti idẹ̀ sinkii (àdàlù bàbà àti sinkii) ṣe, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìgbàanì sì máa ń da orúkọ àwọn irin méjèèjì yìí rú nígbà míì, àwọn ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé àti àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé òde òní ti ń lo orúkọ gbogbogbòò “àdàlù bàbà” (copper alloy) dípò kí wọ́n máa lo orúkọ pàtó fún irú àdàlù irin kọ̀ọ̀kan nígbà tí wọ́n bá ń ṣàpèjúwe àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà ìgbàanì. Wọ́n ń ṣe èyí, ó kéré tán ní apá kan, láti dènà kí àwọn ìwádìí nínú ibi ìpamọ́ dátà má bàa kùnà nítorí àṣìṣe tàbí èdèkòyédè nípa orúkọ tí a fún àwọn àdàlù bàbà ìtàn ìgbàanì. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/term_details.aspx?scopeType=Terms&scopeId=18864 |title=British Museum, "Scope Note" for "copper alloy" |work=[[British Museum]] |access-date=14 September 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818004043/http://husqvarnastudio.co.uk |archive-date=18 August 2014}}</ref> ==Ìpìlẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ == |[[Houmuwu ding|Houmuwu ''ding'']] ({{lang-zh|s=后母戊鼎|p=Hòumǔwù dǐng}}), Idẹ̀ bàbà ayẹyẹ ìbílẹ̀ ti Ṣáínà tó tóbi jù lọ tí a ti rí rí; ọdún 1300–1046 ṣáájú ìbí Kristi; Ilé Ìkóhun-Ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé Orílẹ̀-èdè Ṣáínà (Beijing). Orúkọ ding yìí dá lórí àkọlé tí a kọ sí inú ògiri idẹ̀ bàbà náà, èyí tó kà pé Hòumǔwù, ìyẹn Ìyá Ọba Wu. Ọ̀rọ̀ bronze (láàárín ọdún 1730 sí 1740) ni a yá láti inú èdè Faransé Àárín Gbùngbùn (Middle French) ní irú ọ̀rọ̀ bronze (ọdún 1511). Ọ̀rọ̀ Faransé náà náà ni a yá láti inú èdè Ítálì, bronzo, tó túmọ̀ sí irin agogo tàbí idẹ̀ sinkii (láti ọ̀rúndún kẹtàlá). Nígbà ayé Látìn Àárín Gbùngbùn (Medieval Latin), a kọ ọ́ sílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí bronzium. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ọ̀rọ̀ náà ti wá láti ọ̀kan nínú àwọn orísun wọ̀nyí: - Bróntion: ọ̀rọ̀ tí a dá sílẹ̀ nípa yíyọ apá kan kúrò nínú ọ̀rọ̀ Gíríìkì Byzantine brontēsíon (βροντησίον), láti ọ̀rúndún kọkànlá. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ọ̀rọ̀ yìí wá láti inú Brentḗsion (Βρεντήσιον), orúkọ Gíríìkì fún Brindisi, ìlú kan tí ó lókìkí fún iṣẹ́ ṣíṣe idẹ̀ bàbà rẹ̀. <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kahane |first1=Henry |last2=Kahane |first2=Renée |date=1981 |title=Byzantium's Impact on the West: The Linguistic Evidence |journal=Illinois Classical Studies |volume=6 |issue=2 |page=395 |jstor=23062525 |jstor-access=}}</ref><ref>Originally {{cite journal |first=M.P.E. |last=Berthelot |title=Sur le nom du bronze chez les alchimistes grecs |journal=Revue archéologique |language=fr |date=1888 |pages=294–98}}</ref> 3bcjwi60e7im1evef5k8yc5i67qd33v